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Retry reads of pg_control until checksum is valid.
On certain file systems (e.g. ext4) pg_control may appear torn if there is a concurrent write while reading the file. To prevent an invalid read, retry until the checksum matches the control data. Special handling is required for the pg-version-force feature since the offset of the checksum is not known. In this case, scan from the default position to the end of the data looking for a checksum match. This is a bit imprecise, but better than nothing, and the chance of a random collision in the control data seems very remote considering the ratio of data size (< 512 bytes) to checksum size (4 bytes). This was discovered and a possible solution proposed for PostgreSQL in [1]. The proposed solution may work for backup, but pgBackRest needs to be able to read pg_control reliably outside of backup. So no matter what fix is adopted for PostgreSQL, pgBackRest need retries. Further adjustment may be required as the PostgreSQL fix evolves. [1] https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/20221123014224.xisi44byq3cf5psi%40awork3.anarazel.de
This commit is contained in:
David Steele
GitHub
@ -9,7 +9,9 @@ PostgreSQL Interface
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#include "common/log.h"
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#include "common/memContext.h"
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#include "common/regExp.h"
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#include "common/time.h"
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#include "postgres/interface.h"
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#include "postgres/interface/crc32.h"
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#include "postgres/interface/static.vendor.h"
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#include "postgres/version.h"
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#include "storage/helper.h"
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@ -44,8 +46,10 @@ STRING_STATIC(PG_NAME_LOCATION_STR, "location");
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/***********************************************************************************************************************************
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The control file is 8192 bytes but only the first 512 bytes are used to prevent torn pages even on really old storage with 512-byte
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sectors. This is true across all versions of PostgreSQL.
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sectors. This is true across all versions of PostgreSQL. Unfortunately, this is not sufficient to prevent torn pages during
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concurrent reads and writes so retries are required.
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***********************************************************************************************************************************/
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#define PG_CONTROL_SIZE 8192
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#define PG_CONTROL_DATA_SIZE 512
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/***********************************************************************************************************************************
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@ -64,6 +68,9 @@ typedef struct PgInterface
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// Convert pg_control to a common data structure
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PgControl (*control)(const unsigned char *);
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// Get control crc offset
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size_t (*controlCrcOffset)(void);
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// Get the control version for this version of PostgreSQL
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uint32_t (*controlVersion)(void);
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@ -222,6 +229,47 @@ pgControlFromBuffer(const Buffer *controlFile, const String *const pgVersionForc
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PgControl result = interface->control(bufPtrConst(controlFile));
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result.version = interface->version;
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// Check CRC
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size_t crcOffset = interface->controlCrcOffset();
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do
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{
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// Calculate CRC and retrieve expected CRC
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const uint32_t crcCalculated =
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result.version > PG_VERSION_94 ?
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crc32cOne(bufPtrConst(controlFile), crcOffset) : crc32One(bufPtrConst(controlFile), crcOffset);
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const uint32_t crcExpected = *((uint32_t *)(bufPtrConst(controlFile) + crcOffset));
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// If CRC does not match
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if (crcCalculated != crcExpected)
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{
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// If version is forced then the CRC might be later in the file (assuming the fork added extra fields to pg_control).
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// Increment the offset by CRC data size and continue to try again.
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if (pgVersionForce != NULL)
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{
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crcOffset += sizeof(uint32_t);
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if (crcOffset <= bufUsed(controlFile) - sizeof(uint32_t))
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continue;
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}
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// If no retry then error
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THROW_FMT(
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ChecksumError,
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"calculated " PG_FILE_PGCONTROL " checksum does not match expected value\n"
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"HINT: calculated 0x%x but expected value is 0x%x\n"
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"%s"
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"HINT: is " PG_FILE_PGCONTROL " corrupt?\n"
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"HINT: does " PG_FILE_PGCONTROL " have a different layout than expected?",
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crcCalculated, crcExpected,
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pgVersionForce == NULL ? "" : "HINT: checksum values may be misleading due to forced version scan\n");
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}
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// Do not retry if the CRC is valid
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break;
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}
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while (true);
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// Check the segment size
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pgWalSegmentSizeCheck(result.version, result.walSegmentSize);
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@ -232,8 +280,20 @@ pgControlFromBuffer(const Buffer *controlFile, const String *const pgVersionForc
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FUNCTION_LOG_RETURN(PG_CONTROL, result);
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}
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FN_EXTERN PgControl
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pgControlFromFile(const Storage *storage, const String *const pgVersionForce)
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// Helper to compare control data to last read
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static bool
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pgControlBufferEq(const Buffer *const last, const Buffer *const current)
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{
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FUNCTION_TEST_BEGIN();
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FUNCTION_TEST_PARAM(BUFFER, last);
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FUNCTION_TEST_PARAM(BUFFER, current);
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FUNCTION_TEST_END();
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FUNCTION_TEST_RETURN(BOOL, last != NULL && bufEq(last, current));
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}
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FN_EXTERN Buffer *
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pgControlBufferFromFile(const Storage *const storage, const String *const pgVersionForce)
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{
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FUNCTION_LOG_BEGIN(logLevelDebug);
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FUNCTION_LOG_PARAM(STORAGE, storage);
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@ -242,18 +302,75 @@ pgControlFromFile(const Storage *storage, const String *const pgVersionForce)
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ASSERT(storage != NULL);
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PgControl result = {0};
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Buffer *result = NULL;
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MEM_CONTEXT_TEMP_BEGIN()
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{
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// Read control file
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Buffer *controlFile = storageGetP(
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storageNewReadP(storage, STRDEF(PG_PATH_GLOBAL "/" PG_FILE_PGCONTROL)), .exactSize = PG_CONTROL_DATA_SIZE);
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// On filesystems that do not implement atomicity of concurrent reads and writes, we might get garbage if the server is
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// writing the pg_control file at the same time as we try to read it. Keep trying until success or we read the same data
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// twice in a row. Do not use a timeout here because there are plenty of other errors that can happen and we don't want to
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// wait for them.
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Buffer *controlFileLast = NULL;
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bool done = false;
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result = pgControlFromBuffer(controlFile, pgVersionForce);
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do
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{
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// Read control file
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Buffer *const controlFile = storageGetP(
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storageNewReadP(storage, STRDEF(PG_PATH_GLOBAL "/" PG_FILE_PGCONTROL)), .exactSize = PG_CONTROL_DATA_SIZE);
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TRY_BEGIN()
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{
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// Check that control data is valid
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pgControlFromBuffer(controlFile, pgVersionForce);
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// Create a buffer of the correct size to hold pg_control and zero out the remaining portion
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result = bufNew(PG_CONTROL_SIZE);
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bufCat(result, controlFile);
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memset(bufPtr(result) + bufUsed(controlFile), 0, bufSize(result) - bufUsed(controlFile));
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bufUsedSet(result, bufSize(result));
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bufMove(result, memContextPrior());
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done = true;
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}
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CATCH_ANY()
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{
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// If we get the same bad data twice in a row then error
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if (pgControlBufferEq(controlFileLast, controlFile))
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RETHROW();
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// Copy data to last
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bufFree(controlFileLast);
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controlFileLast = controlFile;
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// Sleep to let data stabilize
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sleepMSec(50);
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}
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TRY_END();
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}
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while (!done);
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}
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MEM_CONTEXT_TEMP_END();
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FUNCTION_LOG_RETURN(BUFFER, result);
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}
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FN_EXTERN PgControl
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pgControlFromFile(const Storage *const storage, const String *const pgVersionForce)
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{
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FUNCTION_LOG_BEGIN(logLevelDebug);
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FUNCTION_LOG_PARAM(STORAGE, storage);
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FUNCTION_LOG_PARAM(STRING, pgVersionForce);
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FUNCTION_LOG_END();
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ASSERT(storage != NULL);
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Buffer *const buffer = pgControlBufferFromFile(storage, pgVersionForce);
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PgControl result = pgControlFromBuffer(buffer, pgVersionForce);
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bufFree(buffer);
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FUNCTION_LOG_RETURN(PG_CONTROL, result);
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}
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@ -130,6 +130,7 @@ FN_EXTERN bool pgDbIsSystem(const String *name);
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FN_EXTERN bool pgDbIsSystemId(unsigned int id);
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// Get info from pg_control
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FN_EXTERN Buffer *pgControlBufferFromFile(const Storage *storage, const String *pgVersionForce);
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FN_EXTERN PgControl pgControlFromFile(const Storage *storage, const String *pgVersionForce);
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// Get the control version for a PostgreSQL version
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102
src/postgres/interface/crc32.c
Normal file
102
src/postgres/interface/crc32.c
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
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/***********************************************************************************************************************************
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CRC-32 Calculation
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***********************************************************************************************************************************/
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#include "build.auto.h"
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#include "postgres/interface/crc32.h"
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/**********************************************************************************************************************************/
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static const uint32_t crc32_lookup[256] =
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{
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0x00000000, 0x77073096, 0xEE0E612C, 0x990951BA, 0x076DC419, 0x706AF48F, 0xE963A535, 0x9E6495A3,
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0x0EDB8832, 0x79DCB8A4, 0xE0D5E91E, 0x97D2D988, 0x09B64C2B, 0x7EB17CBD, 0xE7B82D07, 0x90BF1D91,
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0x1DB71064, 0x6AB020F2, 0xF3B97148, 0x84BE41DE, 0x1ADAD47D, 0x6DDDE4EB, 0xF4D4B551, 0x83D385C7,
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0x136C9856, 0x646BA8C0, 0xFD62F97A, 0x8A65C9EC, 0x14015C4F, 0x63066CD9, 0xFA0F3D63, 0x8D080DF5,
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0x3B6E20C8, 0x4C69105E, 0xD56041E4, 0xA2677172, 0x3C03E4D1, 0x4B04D447, 0xD20D85FD, 0xA50AB56B,
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0x35B5A8FA, 0x42B2986C, 0xDBBBC9D6, 0xACBCF940, 0x32D86CE3, 0x45DF5C75, 0xDCD60DCF, 0xABD13D59,
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0x26D930AC, 0x51DE003A, 0xC8D75180, 0xBFD06116, 0x21B4F4B5, 0x56B3C423, 0xCFBA9599, 0xB8BDA50F,
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0x2802B89E, 0x5F058808, 0xC60CD9B2, 0xB10BE924, 0x2F6F7C87, 0x58684C11, 0xC1611DAB, 0xB6662D3D,
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0x76DC4190, 0x01DB7106, 0x98D220BC, 0xEFD5102A, 0x71B18589, 0x06B6B51F, 0x9FBFE4A5, 0xE8B8D433,
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0x7807C9A2, 0x0F00F934, 0x9609A88E, 0xE10E9818, 0x7F6A0DBB, 0x086D3D2D, 0x91646C97, 0xE6635C01,
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0x6B6B51F4, 0x1C6C6162, 0x856530D8, 0xF262004E, 0x6C0695ED, 0x1B01A57B, 0x8208F4C1, 0xF50FC457,
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0x65B0D9C6, 0x12B7E950, 0x8BBEB8EA, 0xFCB9887C, 0x62DD1DDF, 0x15DA2D49, 0x8CD37CF3, 0xFBD44C65,
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0x4DB26158, 0x3AB551CE, 0xA3BC0074, 0xD4BB30E2, 0x4ADFA541, 0x3DD895D7, 0xA4D1C46D, 0xD3D6F4FB,
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0x4369E96A, 0x346ED9FC, 0xAD678846, 0xDA60B8D0, 0x44042D73, 0x33031DE5, 0xAA0A4C5F, 0xDD0D7CC9,
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0x5005713C, 0x270241AA, 0xBE0B1010, 0xC90C2086, 0x5768B525, 0x206F85B3, 0xB966D409, 0xCE61E49F,
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0x5EDEF90E, 0x29D9C998, 0xB0D09822, 0xC7D7A8B4, 0x59B33D17, 0x2EB40D81, 0xB7BD5C3B, 0xC0BA6CAD,
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0xEDB88320, 0x9ABFB3B6, 0x03B6E20C, 0x74B1D29A, 0xEAD54739, 0x9DD277AF, 0x04DB2615, 0x73DC1683,
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0xE3630B12, 0x94643B84, 0x0D6D6A3E, 0x7A6A5AA8, 0xE40ECF0B, 0x9309FF9D, 0x0A00AE27, 0x7D079EB1,
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0xF00F9344, 0x8708A3D2, 0x1E01F268, 0x6906C2FE, 0xF762575D, 0x806567CB, 0x196C3671, 0x6E6B06E7,
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0xFED41B76, 0x89D32BE0, 0x10DA7A5A, 0x67DD4ACC, 0xF9B9DF6F, 0x8EBEEFF9, 0x17B7BE43, 0x60B08ED5,
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0xD6D6A3E8, 0xA1D1937E, 0x38D8C2C4, 0x4FDFF252, 0xD1BB67F1, 0xA6BC5767, 0x3FB506DD, 0x48B2364B,
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0xD80D2BDA, 0xAF0A1B4C, 0x36034AF6, 0x41047A60, 0xDF60EFC3, 0xA867DF55, 0x316E8EEF, 0x4669BE79,
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0xCB61B38C, 0xBC66831A, 0x256FD2A0, 0x5268E236, 0xCC0C7795, 0xBB0B4703, 0x220216B9, 0x5505262F,
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0xC5BA3BBE, 0xB2BD0B28, 0x2BB45A92, 0x5CB36A04, 0xC2D7FFA7, 0xB5D0CF31, 0x2CD99E8B, 0x5BDEAE1D,
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0x9B64C2B0, 0xEC63F226, 0x756AA39C, 0x026D930A, 0x9C0906A9, 0xEB0E363F, 0x72076785, 0x05005713,
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0x95BF4A82, 0xE2B87A14, 0x7BB12BAE, 0x0CB61B38, 0x92D28E9B, 0xE5D5BE0D, 0x7CDCEFB7, 0x0BDBDF21,
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0x86D3D2D4, 0xF1D4E242, 0x68DDB3F8, 0x1FDA836E, 0x81BE16CD, 0xF6B9265B, 0x6FB077E1, 0x18B74777,
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0x88085AE6, 0xFF0F6A70, 0x66063BCA, 0x11010B5C, 0x8F659EFF, 0xF862AE69, 0x616BFFD3, 0x166CCF45,
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0xA00AE278, 0xD70DD2EE, 0x4E048354, 0x3903B3C2, 0xA7672661, 0xD06016F7, 0x4969474D, 0x3E6E77DB,
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0xAED16A4A, 0xD9D65ADC, 0x40DF0B66, 0x37D83BF0, 0xA9BCAE53, 0xDEBB9EC5, 0x47B2CF7F, 0x30B5FFE9,
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0xBDBDF21C, 0xCABAC28A, 0x53B39330, 0x24B4A3A6, 0xBAD03605, 0xCDD70693, 0x54DE5729, 0x23D967BF,
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0xB3667A2E, 0xC4614AB8, 0x5D681B02, 0x2A6F2B94, 0xB40BBE37, 0xC30C8EA1, 0x5A05DF1B, 0x2D02EF8D,
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};
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FN_EXTERN uint32_t
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crc32One(const unsigned char *data, size_t size)
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{
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uint32_t result = 0xffffffff;
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while (size--)
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result = crc32_lookup[((result >> 24) ^ *data++) & 0xFF] ^ (result << 8);
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return result ^ 0xffffffff;
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}
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/**********************************************************************************************************************************/
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static const uint32_t crc32c_lookup[256] =
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{
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0x00000000, 0xF26B8303, 0xE13B70F7, 0x1350F3F4, 0xC79A971F, 0x35F1141C, 0x26A1E7E8, 0xD4CA64EB,
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0x8AD958CF, 0x78B2DBCC, 0x6BE22838, 0x9989AB3B, 0x4D43CFD0, 0xBF284CD3, 0xAC78BF27, 0x5E133C24,
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0x105EC76F, 0xE235446C, 0xF165B798, 0x030E349B, 0xD7C45070, 0x25AFD373, 0x36FF2087, 0xC494A384,
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0x9A879FA0, 0x68EC1CA3, 0x7BBCEF57, 0x89D76C54, 0x5D1D08BF, 0xAF768BBC, 0xBC267848, 0x4E4DFB4B,
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0x20BD8EDE, 0xD2D60DDD, 0xC186FE29, 0x33ED7D2A, 0xE72719C1, 0x154C9AC2, 0x061C6936, 0xF477EA35,
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0xAA64D611, 0x580F5512, 0x4B5FA6E6, 0xB93425E5, 0x6DFE410E, 0x9F95C20D, 0x8CC531F9, 0x7EAEB2FA,
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0x30E349B1, 0xC288CAB2, 0xD1D83946, 0x23B3BA45, 0xF779DEAE, 0x05125DAD, 0x1642AE59, 0xE4292D5A,
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0xBA3A117E, 0x4851927D, 0x5B016189, 0xA96AE28A, 0x7DA08661, 0x8FCB0562, 0x9C9BF696, 0x6EF07595,
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0x417B1DBC, 0xB3109EBF, 0xA0406D4B, 0x522BEE48, 0x86E18AA3, 0x748A09A0, 0x67DAFA54, 0x95B17957,
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0xCBA24573, 0x39C9C670, 0x2A993584, 0xD8F2B687, 0x0C38D26C, 0xFE53516F, 0xED03A29B, 0x1F682198,
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0x5125DAD3, 0xA34E59D0, 0xB01EAA24, 0x42752927, 0x96BF4DCC, 0x64D4CECF, 0x77843D3B, 0x85EFBE38,
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0xDBFC821C, 0x2997011F, 0x3AC7F2EB, 0xC8AC71E8, 0x1C661503, 0xEE0D9600, 0xFD5D65F4, 0x0F36E6F7,
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0x61C69362, 0x93AD1061, 0x80FDE395, 0x72966096, 0xA65C047D, 0x5437877E, 0x4767748A, 0xB50CF789,
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0xEB1FCBAD, 0x197448AE, 0x0A24BB5A, 0xF84F3859, 0x2C855CB2, 0xDEEEDFB1, 0xCDBE2C45, 0x3FD5AF46,
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0x7198540D, 0x83F3D70E, 0x90A324FA, 0x62C8A7F9, 0xB602C312, 0x44694011, 0x5739B3E5, 0xA55230E6,
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0xFB410CC2, 0x092A8FC1, 0x1A7A7C35, 0xE811FF36, 0x3CDB9BDD, 0xCEB018DE, 0xDDE0EB2A, 0x2F8B6829,
|
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0x82F63B78, 0x709DB87B, 0x63CD4B8F, 0x91A6C88C, 0x456CAC67, 0xB7072F64, 0xA457DC90, 0x563C5F93,
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0x082F63B7, 0xFA44E0B4, 0xE9141340, 0x1B7F9043, 0xCFB5F4A8, 0x3DDE77AB, 0x2E8E845F, 0xDCE5075C,
|
||||
0x92A8FC17, 0x60C37F14, 0x73938CE0, 0x81F80FE3, 0x55326B08, 0xA759E80B, 0xB4091BFF, 0x466298FC,
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0x1871A4D8, 0xEA1A27DB, 0xF94AD42F, 0x0B21572C, 0xDFEB33C7, 0x2D80B0C4, 0x3ED04330, 0xCCBBC033,
|
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0xA24BB5A6, 0x502036A5, 0x4370C551, 0xB11B4652, 0x65D122B9, 0x97BAA1BA, 0x84EA524E, 0x7681D14D,
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0x2892ED69, 0xDAF96E6A, 0xC9A99D9E, 0x3BC21E9D, 0xEF087A76, 0x1D63F975, 0x0E330A81, 0xFC588982,
|
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0xB21572C9, 0x407EF1CA, 0x532E023E, 0xA145813D, 0x758FE5D6, 0x87E466D5, 0x94B49521, 0x66DF1622,
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0x38CC2A06, 0xCAA7A905, 0xD9F75AF1, 0x2B9CD9F2, 0xFF56BD19, 0x0D3D3E1A, 0x1E6DCDEE, 0xEC064EED,
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0xC38D26C4, 0x31E6A5C7, 0x22B65633, 0xD0DDD530, 0x0417B1DB, 0xF67C32D8, 0xE52CC12C, 0x1747422F,
|
||||
0x49547E0B, 0xBB3FFD08, 0xA86F0EFC, 0x5A048DFF, 0x8ECEE914, 0x7CA56A17, 0x6FF599E3, 0x9D9E1AE0,
|
||||
0xD3D3E1AB, 0x21B862A8, 0x32E8915C, 0xC083125F, 0x144976B4, 0xE622F5B7, 0xF5720643, 0x07198540,
|
||||
0x590AB964, 0xAB613A67, 0xB831C993, 0x4A5A4A90, 0x9E902E7B, 0x6CFBAD78, 0x7FAB5E8C, 0x8DC0DD8F,
|
||||
0xE330A81A, 0x115B2B19, 0x020BD8ED, 0xF0605BEE, 0x24AA3F05, 0xD6C1BC06, 0xC5914FF2, 0x37FACCF1,
|
||||
0x69E9F0D5, 0x9B8273D6, 0x88D28022, 0x7AB90321, 0xAE7367CA, 0x5C18E4C9, 0x4F48173D, 0xBD23943E,
|
||||
0xF36E6F75, 0x0105EC76, 0x12551F82, 0xE03E9C81, 0x34F4F86A, 0xC69F7B69, 0xD5CF889D, 0x27A40B9E,
|
||||
0x79B737BA, 0x8BDCB4B9, 0x988C474D, 0x6AE7C44E, 0xBE2DA0A5, 0x4C4623A6, 0x5F16D052, 0xAD7D5351,
|
||||
};
|
||||
|
||||
FN_EXTERN uint32_t
|
||||
crc32cOne(const unsigned char *data, size_t size)
|
||||
{
|
||||
uint32_t result = 0xffffffff;
|
||||
|
||||
while (size--)
|
||||
result = crc32c_lookup[(result ^ *data++) & 0xFF] ^ (result >> 8);
|
||||
|
||||
return result ^ 0xffffffff;
|
||||
}
|
||||
21
src/postgres/interface/crc32.h
Normal file
21
src/postgres/interface/crc32.h
Normal file
@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
|
||||
/***********************************************************************************************************************************
|
||||
CRC-32 Calculation
|
||||
|
||||
CRC-32 and CRC-32C calculations required to validate the integrity of pg_control.
|
||||
***********************************************************************************************************************************/
|
||||
#ifndef POSTGRES_INTERFACE_CRC32_H
|
||||
#define POSTGRES_INTERFACE_CRC32_H
|
||||
|
||||
#include <inttypes.h>
|
||||
#include <stddef.h>
|
||||
|
||||
/***********************************************************************************************************************************
|
||||
Functions
|
||||
***********************************************************************************************************************************/
|
||||
// Generate CRC-32 checksum (required by <= 9.4)
|
||||
FN_EXTERN uint32_t crc32One(const unsigned char *data, size_t size);
|
||||
|
||||
// Generate CRC-32C checksum (required by >= 9.5)
|
||||
FN_EXTERN uint32_t crc32cOne(const unsigned char *data, size_t size);
|
||||
|
||||
#endif
|
||||
@ -76,6 +76,22 @@ Read the version specific pg_control into a general data structure
|
||||
|
||||
#endif
|
||||
|
||||
/***********************************************************************************************************************************
|
||||
Get control crc offset
|
||||
***********************************************************************************************************************************/
|
||||
#if PG_VERSION > PG_VERSION_MAX
|
||||
|
||||
#elif PG_VERSION >= PG_VERSION_93
|
||||
|
||||
#define PG_INTERFACE_CONTROL_CRC_OFFSET(version) \
|
||||
static size_t \
|
||||
pgInterfaceControlCrcOffset##version(void) \
|
||||
{ \
|
||||
return offsetof(ControlFileData, crc); \
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
#endif
|
||||
|
||||
/***********************************************************************************************************************************
|
||||
Get the control version
|
||||
***********************************************************************************************************************************/
|
||||
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user