vcmi/lib/CHeroHandler.cpp

/*
 * CHeroHandler.cpp, part of VCMI engine
 *
 * Authors: listed in file AUTHORS in main folder
 *
 * License: GNU General Public License v2.0 or later
 * Full text of license available in license.txt file, in main folder
 *
 */
#include "StdInc.h"
#include "CHeroHandler.h"

#include "CGeneralTextHandler.h"
#include "filesystem/Filesystem.h"
#include "VCMI_Lib.h"
#include "JsonNode.h"
#include "StringConstants.h"
#include "battle/BattleHex.h"
#include "CCreatureHandler.h"
#include "CModHandler.h"
#include "CTownHandler.h"
#include "mapObjects/CObjectHandler.h" //for hero specialty
#include <math.h>

#include "mapObjects/CObjectClassesHandler.h"

SecondarySkill CHeroClass::chooseSecSkill(const std::set<SecondarySkill> & possibles, CRandomGenerator & rand) const //picks secondary skill out from given possibilities
{
	int totalProb = 0;
	for(auto & possible : possibles)
	{
		totalProb += secSkillProbability[possible];
	}
	if (totalProb != 0) // may trigger if set contains only banned skills (0 probability)
	{
		auto ran = rand.nextInt(totalProb - 1);
		for(auto & possible : possibles)
		{
			ran -= secSkillProbability[possible];
			if(ran < 0)
			{
				return possible;
			}
		}
	}
	// FIXME: select randomly? How H3 handles such rare situation?
	return *possibles.begin();
}

bool CHeroClass::isMagicHero() const
{
	return affinity == MAGIC;
}

EAlignment::EAlignment CHeroClass::getAlignment() const
{
	return EAlignment::EAlignment(VLC->townh->factions[faction]->alignment);
}

CHeroClass::CHeroClass()
 : faction(0), id(0), affinity(0), defaultTavernChance(0), commander(nullptr)
{
}

std::vector<BattleHex> CObstacleInfo::getBlocked(BattleHex hex) const
{
	std::vector<BattleHex> ret;
	if(isAbsoluteObstacle)
	{
		assert(!hex.isValid());
		range::copy(blockedTiles, std::back_inserter(ret));
		return ret;
	}

	for(int offset : blockedTiles)
	{
		BattleHex toBlock = hex + offset;
		if((hex.getY() & 1) && !(toBlock.getY() & 1))
			toBlock += BattleHex::LEFT;

		if(!toBlock.isValid())
			logGlobal->error("Misplaced obstacle!");
		else
			ret.push_back(toBlock);
	}

	return ret;
}

bool CObstacleInfo::isAppropriate(ETerrainType terrainType, int specialBattlefield) const
{
	if(specialBattlefield != -1)
		return vstd::contains(allowedSpecialBfields, specialBattlefield);

	return vstd::contains(allowedTerrains, terrainType);
}

CHeroClass * CHeroClassHandler::loadFromJson(const JsonNode & node, const std::string & identifier)
{
	std::string affinityStr[2] = { "might", "magic" };

	auto  heroClass = new CHeroClass();
	heroClass->identifier = identifier;
	heroClass->imageBattleFemale = node["animation"]["battle"]["female"].String();
	heroClass->imageBattleMale   = node["animation"]["battle"]["male"].String();
	//MODS COMPATIBILITY FOR 0.96
	heroClass->imageMapFemale    = node["animation"]["map"]["female"].String();
	heroClass->imageMapMale      = node["animation"]["map"]["male"].String();

	heroClass->name = node["name"].String();
	heroClass->affinity = vstd::find_pos(affinityStr, node["affinity"].String());

	for(const std::string & pSkill : PrimarySkill::names)
	{
		heroClass->primarySkillInitial.push_back(node["primarySkills"][pSkill].Float());
		heroClass->primarySkillLowLevel.push_back(node["lowLevelChance"][pSkill].Float());
		heroClass->primarySkillHighLevel.push_back(node["highLevelChance"][pSkill].Float());
	}

	for(const std::string & secSkill : NSecondarySkill::names)
	{
		heroClass->secSkillProbability.push_back(node["secondarySkills"][secSkill].Float());
	}

	VLC->modh->identifiers.requestIdentifier ("creature", node["commander"],
	[=](si32 commanderID)
	{
		heroClass->commander = VLC->creh->creatures[commanderID];
	});

	heroClass->defaultTavernChance = node["defaultTavern"].Float();
	for(auto & tavern : node["tavern"].Struct())
	{
		int value = tavern.second.Float();

		VLC->modh->identifiers.requestIdentifier(tavern.second.meta, "faction", tavern.first,
		[=](si32 factionID)
		{
			heroClass->selectionProbability[factionID] = value;
		});
	}

	VLC->modh->identifiers.requestIdentifier("faction", node["faction"],
	[=](si32 factionID)
	{
		heroClass->faction = factionID;
	});

	return heroClass;
}

std::vector<JsonNode> CHeroClassHandler::loadLegacyData(size_t dataSize)
{
	heroClasses.resize(dataSize);
	std::vector<JsonNode> h3Data;
	h3Data.reserve(dataSize);

	CLegacyConfigParser parser("DATA/HCTRAITS.TXT");

	parser.endLine(); // header
	parser.endLine();

	for (size_t i=0; i<dataSize; i++)
	{
		JsonNode entry;

		entry["name"].String() = parser.readString();

		parser.readNumber(); // unused aggression

		for (auto & name : PrimarySkill::names)
			entry["primarySkills"][name].Float() = parser.readNumber();

		for (auto & name : PrimarySkill::names)
			entry["lowLevelChance"][name].Float() = parser.readNumber();

		for (auto & name : PrimarySkill::names)
			entry["highLevelChance"][name].Float() = parser.readNumber();

		for (auto & name : NSecondarySkill::names)
			entry["secondarySkills"][name].Float() = parser.readNumber();

		for(auto & name : ETownType::names)
			entry["tavern"][name].Float() = parser.readNumber();

		parser.endLine();
		h3Data.push_back(entry);
	}
	return h3Data;
}

void CHeroClassHandler::loadObject(std::string scope, std::string name, const JsonNode & data)
{
	auto object = loadFromJson(data, normalizeIdentifier(scope, "core", name));
	object->id = heroClasses.size();

	heroClasses.push_back(object);

	VLC->modh->identifiers.requestIdentifier(scope, "object", "hero", [=](si32 index)
	{
		JsonNode classConf = data["mapObject"];
		classConf["heroClass"].String() = name;
		classConf.setMeta(scope);
		VLC->objtypeh->loadSubObject(name, classConf, index, object->id);
	});

	VLC->modh->identifiers.registerObject(scope, "heroClass", name, object->id);
}

void CHeroClassHandler::loadObject(std::string scope, std::string name, const JsonNode & data, size_t index)
{
	auto object = loadFromJson(data, normalizeIdentifier(scope, "core", name));
	object->id = index;

	assert(heroClasses[index] == nullptr); // ensure that this id was not loaded before
	heroClasses[index] = object;

	VLC->modh->identifiers.requestIdentifier(scope, "object", "hero", [=](si32 index)
	{
		JsonNode classConf = data["mapObject"];
		classConf["heroClass"].String() = name;
		classConf.setMeta(scope);
		VLC->objtypeh->loadSubObject(name, classConf, index, object->id);
	});

	VLC->modh->identifiers.registerObject(scope, "heroClass", name, object->id);
}

void CHeroClassHandler::afterLoadFinalization()
{
	// for each pair <class, town> set selection probability if it was not set before in tavern entries
	for (CHeroClass * heroClass : heroClasses)
	{
		for (CFaction * faction : VLC->townh->factions)
		{
			if (!faction->town)
				continue;
			if (heroClass->selectionProbability.count(faction->index))
				continue;

			float chance = heroClass->defaultTavernChance * faction->town->defaultTavernChance;
			heroClass->selectionProbability[faction->index] = static_cast<int>(sqrt(chance) + 0.5); //FIXME: replace with std::round once MVS supports it
		}
	}

	for (CHeroClass * hc : heroClasses)
	{
		if (!hc->imageMapMale.empty())
		{
			JsonNode templ;
			templ["animation"].String() = hc->imageMapMale;
			VLC->objtypeh->getHandlerFor(Obj::HERO, hc->id)->addTemplate(templ);
		}
	}
}

std::vector<bool> CHeroClassHandler::getDefaultAllowed() const
{
	return std::vector<bool>(heroClasses.size(), true);
}

CHeroClassHandler::~CHeroClassHandler()
{
	for(auto heroClass : heroClasses)
	{
		delete heroClass.get();
	}
}

CHeroHandler::~CHeroHandler()
{
	for(auto hero : heroes)
		delete hero.get();
}

CHeroHandler::CHeroHandler()
{
	VLC->heroh = this;

	for (int i = 0; i < GameConstants::SKILL_QUANTITY; ++i)
	{
		VLC->modh->identifiers.registerObject("core", "skill", NSecondarySkill::names[i], i);
		VLC->modh->identifiers.registerObject("core", "secondarySkill", NSecondarySkill::names[i], i);
	}
	loadObstacles();
	loadTerrains();
	for (int i = 0; i < GameConstants::TERRAIN_TYPES; ++i)
	{
		VLC->modh->identifiers.registerObject("core", "terrain", GameConstants::TERRAIN_NAMES[i], i);
	}
	loadBallistics();
	loadExperience();
}

CHero * CHeroHandler::loadFromJson(const JsonNode & node, const std::string & identifier)
{
	auto hero = new CHero();
	hero->identifier = identifier;
	hero->sex = node["female"].Bool();
	hero->special = node["special"].Bool();

	hero->name        = node["texts"]["name"].String();
	hero->biography   = node["texts"]["biography"].String();
	hero->specName    = node["texts"]["specialty"]["name"].String();
	hero->specTooltip = node["texts"]["specialty"]["tooltip"].String();
	hero->specDescr   = node["texts"]["specialty"]["description"].String();

	hero->iconSpecSmall = node["images"]["specialtySmall"].String();
	hero->iconSpecLarge = node["images"]["specialtyLarge"].String();
	hero->portraitSmall = node["images"]["small"].String();
	hero->portraitLarge = node["images"]["large"].String();

	loadHeroArmy(hero, node);
	loadHeroSkills(hero, node);
	loadHeroSpecialty(hero, node);

	VLC->modh->identifiers.requestIdentifier("heroClass", node["class"],
	[=](si32 classID)
	{
		hero->heroClass = classes.heroClasses[classID];
	});

	return hero;
}

void CHeroHandler::loadHeroArmy(CHero * hero, const JsonNode & node)
{
	assert(node["army"].Vector().size() <= 3); // anything bigger is useless - army initialization uses up to 3 slots

	hero->initialArmy.resize(node["army"].Vector().size());

	for (size_t i=0; i< hero->initialArmy.size(); i++)
	{
		const JsonNode & source = node["army"].Vector()[i];

		hero->initialArmy[i].minAmount = source["min"].Float();
		hero->initialArmy[i].maxAmount = source["max"].Float();

		assert(hero->initialArmy[i].minAmount <= hero->initialArmy[i].maxAmount);

		VLC->modh->identifiers.requestIdentifier("creature", source["creature"], [=](si32 creature)
		{
			hero->initialArmy[i].creature = CreatureID(creature);
		});
	}
}

void CHeroHandler::loadHeroSkills(CHero * hero, const JsonNode & node)
{
	for(const JsonNode &set : node["skills"].Vector())
	{
		int skillLevel = boost::range::find(NSecondarySkill::levels, set["level"].String()) - std::begin(NSecondarySkill::levels);
		if (skillLevel < SecSkillLevel::LEVELS_SIZE)
		{
			size_t currentIndex = hero->secSkillsInit.size();
			hero->secSkillsInit.push_back(std::make_pair(SecondarySkill(-1), skillLevel));

			VLC->modh->identifiers.requestIdentifier("skill", set["skill"], [=](si32 id)
			{
				hero->secSkillsInit[currentIndex].first = SecondarySkill(id);
			});
		}
		else
		{
			logMod->error("Unknown skill level: %s", set["level"].String());
		}
	}

	// spellbook is considered present if hero have "spellbook" entry even when this is an empty set (0 spells)
	hero->haveSpellBook = !node["spellbook"].isNull();

	for(const JsonNode & spell : node["spellbook"].Vector())
	{
		VLC->modh->identifiers.requestIdentifier("spell", spell,
		[=](si32 spellID)
		{
			hero->spells.insert(SpellID(spellID));
		});
	}
}

// convert deprecated format
std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Bonus>> SpecialtyInfoToBonuses(const SSpecialtyInfo & spec, int sid)
{
	std::vector<std::shared_ptr<Bonus>> result;

	std::shared_ptr<Bonus> bonus = std::make_shared<Bonus>();
	bonus->duration = Bonus::PERMANENT;
	bonus->source = Bonus::HERO_SPECIAL;
	bonus->sid = sid;
	bonus->val = spec.val;

	switch (spec.type)
	{
		case 1: //creature specialty
			{
				const CCreature &specCreature = *VLC->creh->creatures[spec.additionalinfo]; //creature in which we have specialty
				bonus->limiter.reset(new CCreatureTypeLimiter(specCreature, true));

				bonus->type = Bonus::STACKS_SPEED;
				bonus->valType = Bonus::ADDITIVE_VALUE;
				bonus->val = 1;
				result.push_back(bonus);

				bonus = std::make_shared<Bonus>(*bonus);
				bonus->type = Bonus::PRIMARY_SKILL;
				bonus->val = 0;
				int stepSize = specCreature.level ? specCreature.level : 5;

				bonus->subtype = PrimarySkill::ATTACK;
				bonus->updater.reset(new ScalingUpdater(specCreature.getAttack(false), stepSize));
				result.push_back(bonus);

				bonus = std::make_shared<Bonus>(*bonus);
				bonus->subtype = PrimarySkill::DEFENSE;
				bonus->updater.reset(new ScalingUpdater(specCreature.getDefence(false), stepSize));
				result.push_back(bonus);
			}
			break;
		case 2: //secondary skill
			bonus->type = Bonus::SECONDARY_SKILL_PREMY;
			bonus->valType = Bonus::PERCENT_TO_BASE;
			bonus->subtype = spec.subtype;
			bonus->val = 0;
			bonus->updater.reset(new ScalingUpdater(spec.val * 20));
			result.push_back(bonus);
			break;
		case 3: //spell damage bonus, level dependent but calculated elsewhere
			bonus->type = Bonus::SPECIAL_SPELL_LEV;
			bonus->subtype = spec.subtype;
			result.push_back(bonus);
			break;
		case 4: //creature stat boost
			switch (spec.subtype)
			{
				case 1:
					bonus->type = Bonus::PRIMARY_SKILL;
					bonus->subtype = PrimarySkill::ATTACK;
					break;
				case 2:
					bonus->type = Bonus::PRIMARY_SKILL;
					bonus->subtype = PrimarySkill::DEFENSE;
					break;
				case 3:
					bonus->type = Bonus::CREATURE_DAMAGE;
					bonus->subtype = 0; //both min and max
					break;
				case 4:
					bonus->type = Bonus::STACK_HEALTH;
					break;
				case 5:
					bonus->type = Bonus::STACKS_SPEED;
					break;
				default:
					logMod->warn("Unknown subtype for specialty 4");
					return result;
			}
			bonus->valType = Bonus::ADDITIVE_VALUE;
			bonus->limiter.reset(new CCreatureTypeLimiter(*VLC->creh->creatures[spec.additionalinfo], true));
			result.push_back(bonus);
			break;
		case 5: //spell damage bonus in percent
			bonus->type = Bonus::SPECIFIC_SPELL_DAMAGE;
			bonus->valType = Bonus::BASE_NUMBER; //current spell system is screwed
			bonus->subtype = spec.subtype; //spell id
			result.push_back(bonus);
			break;
		case 6: //damage bonus for bless (Adela)
			bonus->type = Bonus::SPECIAL_BLESS_DAMAGE;
			bonus->subtype = spec.subtype; //spell id if you ever wanted to use it otherwise
			bonus->additionalInfo = spec.additionalinfo; //damage factor
			result.push_back(bonus);
			break;
		case 7: //maxed mastery for spell
			bonus->type = Bonus::MAXED_SPELL;
			bonus->subtype = spec.subtype; //spell id
			result.push_back(bonus);
			break;
		case 8: //peculiar spells - enchantments
			bonus->type = Bonus::SPECIAL_PECULIAR_ENCHANT;
			bonus->subtype = spec.subtype; //spell id
			bonus->additionalInfo = spec.additionalinfo; //0, 1 for Coronius
			result.push_back(bonus);
			break;
		case 9: //upgrade creatures
			{
				const auto &creatures = VLC->creh->creatures;
				bonus->type = Bonus::SPECIAL_UPGRADE;
				bonus->subtype = spec.subtype; //base id
				bonus->additionalInfo = spec.additionalinfo; //target id
				result.push_back(bonus);
				//propagate for regular upgrades of base creature
				for(auto cre_id : creatures[spec.subtype]->upgrades)
				{
					bonus = std::make_shared<Bonus>(*bonus);
					bonus->subtype = cre_id;
					result.push_back(bonus);
				}
			}
			break;
		case 10: //resource generation
			bonus->type = Bonus::GENERATE_RESOURCE;
			bonus->subtype = spec.subtype;
			result.push_back(bonus);
			break;
		case 11: //starting skill with mastery (Adrienne)
			logMod->warn("Secondary skill mastery is no longer supported as specialty.");
			break;
		case 12: //army speed
			bonus->type = Bonus::STACKS_SPEED;
			result.push_back(bonus);
			break;
		case 13: //Dragon bonuses (Mutare)
			bonus->type = Bonus::PRIMARY_SKILL;
			bonus->valType = Bonus::ADDITIVE_VALUE;
			switch (spec.subtype)
			{
				case 1:
					bonus->subtype = PrimarySkill::ATTACK;
					break;
				case 2:
					bonus->subtype = PrimarySkill::DEFENSE;
					break;
			}
			bonus->limiter.reset(new HasAnotherBonusLimiter(Bonus::DRAGON_NATURE));
			result.push_back(bonus);
			break;
		default:
			logMod->warn("Unknown hero specialty %d", spec.type);
			break;
	}

	return result;
}

void CHeroHandler::loadHeroSpecialty(CHero * hero, const JsonNode & node)
{
	int sid = hero->ID.getNum();
	auto prepSpec = [=](std::shared_ptr<Bonus> bonus)
	{
		bonus->duration = Bonus::PERMANENT;
		bonus->source = Bonus::HERO_SPECIAL;
		bonus->sid = sid;
		return bonus;
	};

	//deprecated, used only for original specialties
	const JsonNode & specialties = node["specialties"];
	if (!specialties.isNull())
	{
		logMod->warn("Hero %s has deprecated specialties format.", hero->identifier);
		for(const JsonNode &specialty : node["specialties"].Vector())
		{
			SSpecialtyInfo spec;
			spec.type = specialty["type"].Float();
			spec.val = specialty["val"].Float();
			spec.subtype = specialty["subtype"].Float();
			spec.additionalinfo = specialty["info"].Float();
			//we convert after loading completes, to have all identifiers for json logging
			hero->specDeprecated.push_back(spec);
		}
	}
	//new format, using bonus system
	for(const JsonNode & specialty : node["specialty"].Vector())
	{
		//deprecated new format
		if(!specialty["bonuses"].isNull())
		{
			for (const JsonNode & bonus : specialty["bonuses"].Vector())
				hero->specialty.push_back(prepSpec(JsonUtils::parseBonus(bonus)));
		}
		else //proper new format
		{
			hero->specialty.push_back(prepSpec(JsonUtils::parseBonus(specialty)));
		}
	}
}

void CHeroHandler::loadExperience()
{
	expPerLevel.push_back(0);
	expPerLevel.push_back(1000);
	expPerLevel.push_back(2000);
	expPerLevel.push_back(3200);
	expPerLevel.push_back(4600);
	expPerLevel.push_back(6200);
	expPerLevel.push_back(8000);
	expPerLevel.push_back(10000);
	expPerLevel.push_back(12200);
	expPerLevel.push_back(14700);
	expPerLevel.push_back(17500);
	expPerLevel.push_back(20600);
	expPerLevel.push_back(24320);
	expPerLevel.push_back(28784);
	expPerLevel.push_back(34140);
	while (expPerLevel[expPerLevel.size() - 1] > expPerLevel[expPerLevel.size() - 2])
	{
		int i = expPerLevel.size() - 1;
		expPerLevel.push_back (expPerLevel[i] + (expPerLevel[i] - expPerLevel[i-1]) * 1.2);
	}
	expPerLevel.pop_back();//last value is broken
}

void CHeroHandler::loadObstacles()
{
	auto loadObstacles = [](const JsonNode &node, bool absolute, std::map<int, CObstacleInfo> &out)
	{
		for(const JsonNode &obs : node.Vector())
		{
			int ID = obs["id"].Float();
			CObstacleInfo & obi = out[ID];
			obi.ID = ID;
			obi.defName = obs["defname"].String();
			obi.width = obs["width"].Float();
			obi.height = obs["height"].Float();
			obi.allowedTerrains = obs["allowedTerrain"].convertTo<std::vector<ETerrainType> >();
			obi.allowedSpecialBfields = obs["specialBattlefields"].convertTo<std::vector<BFieldType> >();
			obi.blockedTiles = obs["blockedTiles"].convertTo<std::vector<si16> >();
			obi.isAbsoluteObstacle = absolute;
		}
	};

	const JsonNode config(ResourceID("config/obstacles.json"));
	loadObstacles(config["obstacles"], false, obstacles);
	loadObstacles(config["absoluteObstacles"], true, absoluteObstacles);
	//loadObstacles(config["moats"], true, moats);
}

/// convert h3-style ID (e.g. Gobin Wolf Rider) to vcmi (e.g. goblinWolfRider)
static std::string genRefName(std::string input)
{
	boost::algorithm::replace_all(input, " ", ""); //remove spaces
	input[0] = std::tolower(input[0]); // to camelCase
	return input;
}

void CHeroHandler::loadBallistics()
{
	CLegacyConfigParser ballParser("DATA/BALLIST.TXT");

	ballParser.endLine(); //header
	ballParser.endLine();

	do
	{
		ballParser.readString();
		ballParser.readString();

		CHeroHandler::SBallisticsLevelInfo bli;
		bli.keep   = ballParser.readNumber();
		bli.tower  = ballParser.readNumber();
		bli.gate   = ballParser.readNumber();
		bli.wall   = ballParser.readNumber();
		bli.shots  = ballParser.readNumber();
		bli.noDmg  = ballParser.readNumber();
		bli.oneDmg = ballParser.readNumber();
		bli.twoDmg = ballParser.readNumber();
		bli.sum    = ballParser.readNumber();
		ballistics.push_back(bli);

		assert(bli.noDmg + bli.oneDmg + bli.twoDmg == 100 && bli.sum == 100);
	}
	while (ballParser.endLine());
}

std::vector<JsonNode> CHeroHandler::loadLegacyData(size_t dataSize)
{
	heroes.resize(dataSize);
	std::vector<JsonNode> h3Data;
	h3Data.reserve(dataSize);

	CLegacyConfigParser specParser("DATA/HEROSPEC.TXT");
	CLegacyConfigParser bioParser("DATA/HEROBIOS.TXT");
	CLegacyConfigParser parser("DATA/HOTRAITS.TXT");

	parser.endLine(); //ignore header
	parser.endLine();

	specParser.endLine(); //ignore header
	specParser.endLine();

	for (int i=0; i<GameConstants::HEROES_QUANTITY; i++)
	{
		JsonNode heroData;

		heroData["texts"]["name"].String() = parser.readString();
		heroData["texts"]["biography"].String() = bioParser.readString();
		heroData["texts"]["specialty"]["name"].String() = specParser.readString();
		heroData["texts"]["specialty"]["tooltip"].String() = specParser.readString();
		heroData["texts"]["specialty"]["description"].String() = specParser.readString();

		for(int x=0;x<3;x++)
		{
			JsonNode armySlot;
			armySlot["min"].Float() = parser.readNumber();
			armySlot["max"].Float() = parser.readNumber();
			armySlot["creature"].String() = genRefName(parser.readString());

			heroData["army"].Vector().push_back(armySlot);
		}
		parser.endLine();
		specParser.endLine();
		bioParser.endLine();

		h3Data.push_back(heroData);
	}
	return h3Data;
}

void CHeroHandler::loadObject(std::string scope, std::string name, const JsonNode & data)
{
	auto object = loadFromJson(data, normalizeIdentifier(scope, "core", name));
	object->ID = HeroTypeID(heroes.size());
	object->imageIndex = heroes.size() + GameConstants::HERO_PORTRAIT_SHIFT; // 2 special frames + some extra portraits

	heroes.push_back(object);

	VLC->modh->identifiers.registerObject(scope, "hero", name, object->ID.getNum());
}

void CHeroHandler::loadObject(std::string scope, std::string name, const JsonNode & data, size_t index)
{
	auto object = loadFromJson(data, normalizeIdentifier(scope, "core", name));
	object->ID = HeroTypeID(index);
	object->imageIndex = index;

	assert(heroes[index] == nullptr); // ensure that this id was not loaded before
	heroes[index] = object;

	VLC->modh->identifiers.registerObject(scope, "hero", name, object->ID.getNum());
}

void CHeroHandler::afterLoadFinalization()
{
	for(ConstTransitivePtr<CHero> hero : heroes)
	{
		if(hero->specDeprecated.size() > 0)
		{
			logMod->debug("Converting specialties format for hero %s(%s)", hero->identifier, VLC->townh->encodeFaction(hero->heroClass->faction));
			std::vector<JsonNode> specVec;
			std::vector<std::string> specNames;
			for(const SSpecialtyInfo & spec : hero->specDeprecated)
			{
				for(std::shared_ptr<Bonus> bonus : SpecialtyInfoToBonuses(spec, hero->ID.getNum()))
				{
					hero->specialty.push_back(bonus);
					specVec.push_back(bonus->toJsonNode());
					// find fitting & unique bonus name
					std::string bonusName = nameForBonus(*bonus);
					if(vstd::contains(specNames, bonusName))
					{
						int i = 2;
						while(vstd::contains(specNames, bonusName + std::to_string(i)))
							i++;
						bonusName += std::to_string(i);
					}
					specNames.push_back(bonusName);
				}
			}
			hero->specDeprecated.clear();
			// log new format for easy copy-and-paste
			JsonNode specNode(JsonNode::JsonType::DATA_STRUCT);
			if(specVec.size() > 1)
			{
				JsonNode base = JsonUtils::intersect(specVec);
				if(!base.isEmpty())
				{
					specNode["base"] = base;
					//TODO: subtract base from bonuses
				}
			}
			// add json for bonuses
			specNode["bonuses"].Struct();
			for(int i = 0; i < specVec.size(); i++)
				specNode["bonuses"][specNames[i]] = specVec[i];
			logMod->trace("\"specialty\" : %s", specNode.toJson());
		}
	}
}

ui32 CHeroHandler::level (ui64 experience) const
{
	return boost::range::upper_bound(expPerLevel, experience) - std::begin(expPerLevel);
}

ui64 CHeroHandler::reqExp (ui32 level) const
{
	if(!level)
		return 0;

	if (level <= expPerLevel.size())
	{
		return expPerLevel[level-1];
	}
	else
	{
		logGlobal->warn("A hero has reached unsupported amount of experience");
		return expPerLevel[expPerLevel.size()-1];
	}
}

void CHeroHandler::loadTerrains()
{
	const JsonNode config(ResourceID("config/terrains.json"));

	terrCosts.reserve(GameConstants::TERRAIN_TYPES);
	for(const std::string & name : GameConstants::TERRAIN_NAMES)
		terrCosts.push_back(config[name]["moveCost"].Float());
}

std::vector<bool> CHeroHandler::getDefaultAllowed() const
{
	// Look Data/HOTRAITS.txt for reference
	std::vector<bool> allowedHeroes;
	allowedHeroes.reserve(heroes.size());

	for(const CHero * hero : heroes)
	{
		allowedHeroes.push_back(!hero->special);
	}

	return allowedHeroes;
}

std::vector<bool> CHeroHandler::getDefaultAllowedAbilities() const
{
	std::vector<bool> allowedAbilities;
	allowedAbilities.resize(GameConstants::SKILL_QUANTITY, true);
	return allowedAbilities;
}

si32 CHeroHandler::decodeHero(const std::string & identifier)
{
	auto rawId = VLC->modh->identifiers.getIdentifier("core", "hero", identifier);
	if(rawId)
		return rawId.get();
	else
		return -1;
}

std::string CHeroHandler::encodeHero(const si32 index)
{
	return VLC->heroh->heroes.at(index)->identifier;
}

si32 CHeroHandler::decodeSkill(const std::string & identifier)
{
	auto rawId = VLC->modh->identifiers.getIdentifier("core", "skill", identifier);
	if(rawId)
		return rawId.get();
	else
		return -1;
}

std::string CHeroHandler::encodeSkill(const si32 index)
{
	return NSecondarySkill::names[index];
}