Default handler now returns error.

Signed-off-by: Vishal Rana <vr@labstack.com>

README.md

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 Echo is a fast HTTP router (zero memory allocation) and micro web framework in Go.
 
 ## Features
+
 - Fast :rocket: router which smartly resolves conflicting routes
 - Extensible middleware/handler, supports:
 	- Middleware
@@ -21,8 +22,11 @@ Echo is a fast HTTP router (zero memory allocation) and micro web framework in G
 - Serve static files, including index.
 
 ## Benchmark
+
 Based on [julienschmidt/go-http-routing-benchmark] (https://github.com/vishr/go-http-routing-benchmark), April 1, 2015
+
 ##### [GitHub API](http://developer.github.com/v3)
+
 > Echo: 42728 ns/op, 0 B/op, 0 allocs/op
 
 ```
@@ -54,9 +58,11 @@ BenchmarkZeus_GithubAll	        2000	    752907 ns/op	  300688 B/op	    2648 all
 ```
 
 ## Installation
+
 ```go get github.com/labstack/echo```
 
 ## Example
+
 [labstack/echo/example](https://github.com/labstack/echo/tree/master/example)
 
 ```go
@@ -198,4 +204,5 @@ func init() {
 }
 ```
 ## License
+
 [MIT](https://github.com/labstack/echo/blob/master/LICENSE)

context.go

@@ -40,13 +40,13 @@ func (c *Context) Bind(v interface{}) error {
 }
 
 // Render invokes the registered HTML template renderer and sends a text/html
-// response.
+// response with status code.
-func (c *Context) Render(name string, data interface{}) error {
+func (c *Context) Render(code int, name string, data interface{}) error {
 	if c.echo.renderer == nil {
 		return ErrNoRenderer
 	}
 	c.Response.Header().Set(HeaderContentType, MIMEHTML+"; charset=utf-8")
-	c.Response.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
+	c.Response.WriteHeader(code)
 	return c.echo.renderer.Render(c.Response, name, data)
 }
 
@@ -73,6 +73,12 @@ func (c *Context) HTML(code int, html string) (err error) {
 	return
 }
 
+// NoContent sends a response with no body and a status code.
+func (c *Context) NoContent(code int) error {
+	c.Response.WriteHeader(code)
+	return nil
+}
+
 // func (c *Context) File(code int, file, name string) {
 // }
 

context_test.go

@@ -31,9 +31,10 @@ func TestContext(t *testing.T) {
 		echo:     New(),
 	}
 
-	//**********//
+	//------
-	//   Bind   //
+	// Bind
-	//**********//
+	//------
+
 	// JSON
 	r.Header.Set(HeaderContentType, MIMEJSON)
 	u2 := new(user)
@@ -58,9 +59,10 @@ func TestContext(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 	// TODO: add verification
 
-	//***********//
+	//-------
-	//   Param   //
+	// Param
-	//***********//
+	//-------
+
 	// By id
 	c.params = Params{{"id", "1"}}
 	if c.P(0) != "1" {
@@ -84,11 +86,11 @@ func TestContext(t *testing.T) {
 		templates: template.Must(template.New("hello").Parse("{{.}}")),
 	}
 	c.echo.renderer = tpl
-	if err := c.Render("hello", "Joe"); err != nil {
+	if err := c.Render(http.StatusOK, "hello", "Joe"); err != nil {
 		t.Errorf("render %v", err)
 	}
 	c.echo.renderer = nil
-	if err := c.Render("hello", "Joe"); err == nil {
+	if err := c.Render(http.StatusOK, "hello", "Joe"); err == nil {
 		t.Error("render should error out")
 	}
 

echo.go

@@ -12,20 +12,25 @@ import (
 
 type (
 	Echo struct {
-		Router          *router
+		Router           *router
-		prefix          string
+		prefix           string
-		middleware      []MiddlewareFunc
+		middleware       []MiddlewareFunc
-		maxParam        byte
+		maxParam         byte
-		notFoundHandler HandlerFunc
+		notFoundHandler  HandlerFunc
-		binder          BindFunc
+		httpErrorHandler HTTPErrorHandler
-		renderer        Renderer
+		binder           BindFunc
-		pool            sync.Pool
+		renderer         Renderer
+		pool             sync.Pool
 	}
 	Middleware     interface{}
-	MiddlewareFunc func(HandlerFunc) HandlerFunc
+	MiddlewareFunc func(HandlerFunc) (HandlerFunc, error)
 	Handler        interface{}
-	HandlerFunc    func(*Context)
+	HandlerFunc    func(*Context) error
-	BindFunc       func(r *http.Request, v interface{}) error
+
+	// HTTPErrorHandler is a centralized HTTP error handler.
+	HTTPErrorHandler func(error, *Context)
+
+	BindFunc func(*http.Request, interface{}) error
 
 	// Renderer is the interface that wraps the Render method.
 	//
@@ -81,8 +86,12 @@ var (
 func New() (e *Echo) {
 	e = &Echo{
 		maxParam: 5,
-		notFoundHandler: func(c *Context) {
+		notFoundHandler: func(c *Context) error {
 			http.Error(c.Response, http.StatusText(http.StatusNotFound), http.StatusNotFound)
+			return nil
+		},
+		httpErrorHandler: func(err error, c *Context) {
+			http.Error(c.Response, err.Error(), http.StatusInternalServerError)
 		},
 		binder: func(r *http.Request, v interface{}) error {
 			ct := r.Header.Get(HeaderContentType)
@@ -133,6 +142,11 @@ func (e *Echo) NotFoundHandler(h Handler) {
 	e.notFoundHandler = wrapH(h)
 }
 
+// HTTPErrorHandler registers an HTTP error handler.
+func (e *Echo) HTTPErrorHandler(h HTTPErrorHandler) {
+	e.httpErrorHandler = h
+}
+
 // Binder registers a custom binder. It's invoked by Context.Bind API.
 func (e *Echo) Binder(b BindFunc) {
 	e.binder = b
@@ -203,15 +217,17 @@ func (e *Echo) add(method, path string, h Handler) {
 // Static serves static files.
 func (e *Echo) Static(path, root string) {
 	fs := http.StripPrefix(path, http.FileServer(http.Dir(root)))
-	e.Get(path+"/*", func(c *Context) {
+	e.Get(path+"/*", func(c *Context) error {
 		fs.ServeHTTP(c.Response, c.Request)
+		return nil
 	})
 }
 
 // ServeFile serves a file.
 func (e *Echo) ServeFile(path, file string) {
-	e.Get(path, func(c *Context) {
+	e.Get(path, func(c *Context) error {
 		http.ServeFile(c.Response, c.Request, file)
+		return nil
 	})
 }
 
@@ -230,12 +246,21 @@ func (e *Echo) ServeHTTP(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		h = e.notFoundHandler
 	}
 	c.reset(w, r, e)
+
 	// Middleware
+	var err error
 	for i := len(e.middleware) - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
-		h = e.middleware[i](h)
+		if h, err = e.middleware[i](h); err != nil {
+			e.httpErrorHandler(err, c)
+			return
+		}
 	}
+
 	// Handler
-	h(c)
+	if err := h(c); err != nil {
+		e.httpErrorHandler(err, c)
+	}
+
 	e.pool.Put(c)
 }
 
@@ -265,34 +290,50 @@ func (e *Echo) RunTLSServer(server *http.Server, certFile, keyFile string) {
 func wrapM(m Middleware) MiddlewareFunc {
 	switch m := m.(type) {
 	case func(*Context):
-		return func(h HandlerFunc) HandlerFunc {
+		return func(h HandlerFunc) (HandlerFunc, error) {
-			return func(c *Context) {
+			return func(c *Context) error {
 				m(c)
-				h(c)
+				return h(c)
-			}
+			}, nil
 		}
-	case func(HandlerFunc) HandlerFunc:
+	case func(*Context) error:
+		return func(h HandlerFunc) (HandlerFunc, error) {
+			var err error
+			return func(c *Context) error {
+				err = m(c)
+				return h(c)
+			}, err
+		}
+	case func(HandlerFunc) (HandlerFunc, error):
 		return MiddlewareFunc(m)
 	case func(http.Handler) http.Handler:
-		return func(h HandlerFunc) HandlerFunc {
+		return func(h HandlerFunc) (HandlerFunc, error) {
-			return func(c *Context) {
+			return func(c *Context) error {
 				m(h).ServeHTTP(c.Response, c.Request)
-				h(c)
+				return h(c)
-			}
+			}, nil
 		}
 	case http.Handler, http.HandlerFunc:
-		return func(h HandlerFunc) HandlerFunc {
+		return func(h HandlerFunc) (HandlerFunc, error) {
-			return func(c *Context) {
+			return func(c *Context) error {
 				m.(http.Handler).ServeHTTP(c.Response, c.Request)
-				h(c)
+				return h(c)
-			}
+			}, nil
 		}
 	case func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request):
-		return func(h HandlerFunc) HandlerFunc {
+		return func(h HandlerFunc) (HandlerFunc, error) {
-			return func(c *Context) {
+			return func(c *Context) error {
 				m(c.Response, c.Request)
-				h(c)
+				return h(c)
-			}
+			}, nil
+		}
+	case func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request) error:
+		return func(h HandlerFunc) (HandlerFunc, error) {
+			var err error
+			return func(c *Context) error {
+				err = m(c.Response, c.Request)
+				return h(c)
+			}, err
 		}
 	default:
 		panic("echo: unknown middleware")
@@ -303,14 +344,25 @@ func wrapM(m Middleware) MiddlewareFunc {
 func wrapH(h Handler) HandlerFunc {
 	switch h := h.(type) {
 	case func(*Context):
+		return func(c *Context) error {
+			h(c)
+			return nil
+		}
+	case func(*Context) error:
 		return HandlerFunc(h)
 	case http.Handler, http.HandlerFunc:
-		return func(c *Context) {
+		return func(c *Context) error {
 			h.(http.Handler).ServeHTTP(c.Response, c.Request)
+			return nil
 		}
 	case func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request):
-		return func(c *Context) {
+		return func(c *Context) error {
 			h(c.Response, c.Request)
+			return nil
+		}
+	case func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request) error:
+		return func(c *Context) error {
+			return h(c.Response, c.Request)
 		}
 	default:
 		panic("echo: unknown handler")

echo_test.go

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ func TestEchoMaxParam(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestEchoIndex(t *testing.T) {
 	e := New()
-	e.Index("example/public/index.html")
+	e.Index("examples/public/index.html")
 	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
 	r, _ := http.NewRequest(GET, "/", nil)
 	e.ServeHTTP(w, r)
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ func TestEchoIndex(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestEchoStatic(t *testing.T) {
 	e := New()
-	e.Static("/scripts", "example/public/scripts")
+	e.Static("/scripts", "examples/public/scripts")
 	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
 	r, _ := http.NewRequest(GET, "/scripts/main.js", nil)
 	e.ServeHTTP(w, r)
@@ -59,35 +59,46 @@ func TestEchoMiddleware(t *testing.T) {
 		b.WriteString("a")
 	})
 
-	// func(echo.HandlerFunc) echo.HandlerFunc
+	// func(*echo.Context) error
-	e.Use(func(h HandlerFunc) HandlerFunc {
+	e.Use(func(c *Context) error {
-		return HandlerFunc(func(c *Context) {
+		b.WriteString("b")
-			b.WriteString("b")
+		return nil
-			h(c)
+	})
-		})
+
+	// func(echo.HandlerFunc) (echo.HandlerFunc, error)
+	e.Use(func(h HandlerFunc) (HandlerFunc, error) {
+		return func(c *Context) error {
+			b.WriteString("c")
+			return h(c)
+		}, nil
 	})
 
 	// http.HandlerFunc
 	e.Use(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		b.WriteString("c")
+		b.WriteString("d")
 	}))
 
 	// http.Handler
 	e.Use(http.Handler(http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		b.WriteString("d")
+		b.WriteString("e")
 	})))
 
 	// func(http.Handler) http.Handler
 	e.Use(func(h http.Handler) http.Handler {
 		return http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-			b.WriteString("e")
+			b.WriteString("f")
 			h.ServeHTTP(w, r)
 		})
 	})
 
 	// func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request)
 	e.Use(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
-		b.WriteString("f")
+		b.WriteString("g")
+	})
+
+	// func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request) error
+	e.Use(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		b.WriteString("h")
 	})
 
 	// Route
@@ -98,8 +109,8 @@ func TestEchoMiddleware(t *testing.T) {
 	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
 	r, _ := http.NewRequest(GET, "/hello", nil)
 	e.ServeHTTP(w, r)
-	if b.String() != "abcdef" {
+	if b.String() != "abcdefgh" {
-		t.Errorf("buffer should be abcdef, found %s", b.String())
+		t.Errorf("buffer should be abcdefgh, found %s", b.String())
 	}
 	if w.Body.String() != "world" {
 		t.Error("body should be world")
@@ -120,10 +131,10 @@ func TestEchoHandler(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Error("body should be 1")
 	}
 
-	// http.Handler/http.HandlerFunc
+	// func(*echo.Context) error
-	e.Get("/2", http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	e.Get("/2", func(c *Context) {
-		w.Write([]byte("2"))
+		c.String(http.StatusOK, "2")
-	}))
+	})
 	w = httptest.NewRecorder()
 	r, _ = http.NewRequest(GET, "/2", nil)
 	e.ServeHTTP(w, r)
@@ -131,16 +142,39 @@ func TestEchoHandler(t *testing.T) {
 		t.Error("body should be 2")
 	}
 
-	// func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request)
+	// http.Handler/http.HandlerFunc
-	e.Get("/3", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+	e.Get("/3", http.HandlerFunc(func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		w.Write([]byte("3"))
-	})
+	}))
 	w = httptest.NewRecorder()
 	r, _ = http.NewRequest(GET, "/3", nil)
 	e.ServeHTTP(w, r)
 	if w.Body.String() != "3" {
 		t.Error("body should be 3")
 	}
+
+	// func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request)
+	e.Get("/4", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
+		w.Write([]byte("4"))
+	})
+	w = httptest.NewRecorder()
+	r, _ = http.NewRequest(GET, "/4", nil)
+	e.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+	if w.Body.String() != "4" {
+		t.Error("body should be 4")
+	}
+
+	// func(http.ResponseWriter, *http.Request) error
+	e.Get("/5", func(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) error {
+		w.Write([]byte("5"))
+		return nil
+	})
+	w = httptest.NewRecorder()
+	r, _ = http.NewRequest(GET, "/5", nil)
+	e.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+	if w.Body.String() != "5" {
+		t.Error("body should be 5")
+	}
 }
 
 func TestEchoGroup(t *testing.T) {
@@ -187,15 +221,16 @@ func TestEchoGroup(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestEchoMethod(t *testing.T) {
 	e := New()
-	e.Connect("/", func(*Context) {})
+	h := func(*Context) {}
-	e.Delete("/", func(*Context) {})
+	e.Connect("/", h)
-	e.Get("/", func(*Context) {})
+	e.Delete("/", h)
-	e.Head("/", func(*Context) {})
+	e.Get("/", h)
-	e.Options("/", func(*Context) {})
+	e.Head("/", h)
-	e.Patch("/", func(*Context) {})
+	e.Options("/", h)
-	e.Post("/", func(*Context) {})
+	e.Patch("/", h)
-	e.Put("/", func(*Context) {})
+	e.Post("/", h)
-	e.Trace("/", func(*Context) {})
+	e.Put("/", h)
+	e.Trace("/", h)
 }
 
 func TestEchoNotFound(t *testing.T) {

examples/crud/server.go

@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+	"strconv"
+
+	"github.com/labstack/echo"
+	mw "github.com/labstack/echo/middleware"
+)
+
+type (
+	user struct {
+		ID   int
+		Name string
+		Age  int
+	}
+)
+
+var (
+	users = map[int]user{}
+	seq   = 1
+)
+
+//----------
+// Handlers
+//----------
+
+func createUser(c *echo.Context) error {
+	u := &user{
+		ID: seq,
+	}
+	if err := c.Bind(u); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	users[u.ID] = *u
+	seq++
+	return c.JSON(http.StatusCreated, u)
+}
+
+func getUser(c *echo.Context) error {
+	id, _ := strconv.Atoi(c.Param("id"))
+	return c.JSON(http.StatusOK, users[id])
+}
+
+func updateUser(c *echo.Context) error {
+	// id, _ := strconv.Atoi(c.Param("id"))
+	// users[id]
+	return c.NoContent(http.StatusNoContent)
+}
+
+func deleteUser(c *echo.Context) error {
+	id, _ := strconv.Atoi(c.Param("id"))
+	delete(users, id)
+	return c.NoContent(http.StatusNoContent)
+}
+
+func main() {
+	e := echo.New()
+
+	// Middleware
+	e.Use(mw.Logger)
+
+	// Routes
+	e.Post("/users", createUser)
+	e.Get("/users/:id", getUser)
+	e.Put("/users/:id", updateUser)
+	e.Delete("/users/:id", deleteUser)
+
+	// Start server
+	e.Run(":8080")
+}

examples/hello/server.go

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+package main
+
+import (
+	"net/http"
+
+	"github.com/labstack/echo"
+	mw "github.com/labstack/echo/middleware"
+)
+
+// Handler
+func hello(c *echo.Context) {
+	c.String(http.StatusOK, "Hello, World!\n")
+}
+
+func main() {
+	e := echo.New()
+
+	// Middleware
+	e.Use(mw.Logger)
+
+	// Routes
+	e.Get("/", hello)
+
+	// Start server
+	e.Run(":8080")
+}

examples/main.go

@@ -60,14 +60,14 @@ func getUser(c *echo.Context) {
 func main() {
 	e := echo.New()
 
-	//*************************//
+	//---------------------
-	//   Built-in middleware   //
+	// Built-in middleware
-	//*************************//
+	//---------------------
 	e.Use(mw.Logger)
 
-	//****************************//
+	//------------------------
-	//   Third-party middleware   //
+	// Third-party middleware
-	//****************************//
+	//------------------------
 	// https://github.com/rs/cors
 	e.Use(cors.Default().Handler)
 
@@ -85,9 +85,9 @@ func main() {
 	// Serve static files
 	e.Static("/scripts", "public/scripts")
 
-	//************//
+	//--------
-	//   Routes   //
+	// Routes
-	//************//
+	//--------
 	e.Post("/users", createUser)
 	e.Get("/users", getUsers)
 	e.Get("/users/:id", getUser)

middleware/auth.go

@@ -1,69 +1,70 @@
 package middleware
 
-import (
+//
-	"encoding/base64"
+// import (
-	"errors"
+// 	"encoding/base64"
-	"strings"
+// 	"errors"
-
+// 	"strings"
-	"github.com/dgrijalva/jwt-go"
+//
-	"github.com/labstack/echo"
+// 	"github.com/dgrijalva/jwt-go"
-)
+// 	"github.com/labstack/echo"
-
+// )
-type (
+//
-	BasicAuthFunc       func(string, string) bool
+// type (
-	AuthorizedHandler   echo.HandlerFunc
+// 	BasicAuthFunc       func(string, string) bool
-	UnauthorizedHandler func(*echo.Context, error)
+// 	AuthorizedHandler   echo.HandlerFunc
-	JwtKeyFunc          func(string) ([]byte, error)
+// 	UnauthorizedHandler func(*echo.Context, error)
-	Claims              map[string]interface{}
+// 	JwtKeyFunc          func(string) ([]byte, error)
-)
+// 	Claims              map[string]interface{}
-
+// )
-var (
+//
-	ErrBasicAuth = errors.New("echo: basic auth error")
+// var (
-	ErrJwtAuth   = errors.New("echo: jwt auth error")
+// 	ErrBasicAuth = errors.New("echo: basic auth error")
-)
+// 	ErrJwtAuth   = errors.New("echo: jwt auth error")
-
+// )
-func BasicAuth(ah AuthorizedHandler, uah UnauthorizedHandler, fn BasicAuthFunc) echo.HandlerFunc {
+//
-	return func(c *echo.Context) {
+// func BasicAuth(ah AuthorizedHandler, uah UnauthorizedHandler, fn BasicAuthFunc) echo.HandlerFunc {
-		auth := strings.Fields(c.Request.Header.Get("Authorization"))
+// 	return func(c *echo.Context) {
-		if len(auth) == 2 {
+// 		auth := strings.Fields(c.Request.Header.Get("Authorization"))
-			scheme := auth[0]
+// 		if len(auth) == 2 {
-			s, err := base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(auth[1])
+// 			scheme := auth[0]
-			if err != nil {
+// 			s, err := base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(auth[1])
-				uah(c, err)
+// 			if err != nil {
-				return
+// 				uah(c, err)
-			}
+// 				return
-			cred := strings.Split(string(s), ":")
+// 			}
-			if scheme == "Basic" && len(cred) == 2 {
+// 			cred := strings.Split(string(s), ":")
-				if ok := fn(cred[0], cred[1]); ok {
+// 			if scheme == "Basic" && len(cred) == 2 {
-					ah(c)
+// 				if ok := fn(cred[0], cred[1]); ok {
-					return
+// 					ah(c)
-				}
+// 					return
-			}
+// 				}
-		}
+// 			}
-		uah(c, ErrBasicAuth)
+// 		}
-	}
+// 		uah(c, ErrBasicAuth)
-}
+// 	}
-
+// }
-func JwtAuth(ah AuthorizedHandler, uah UnauthorizedHandler, fn JwtKeyFunc) echo.HandlerFunc {
+//
-	return func(c *echo.Context) {
+// func JwtAuth(ah AuthorizedHandler, uah UnauthorizedHandler, fn JwtKeyFunc) echo.HandlerFunc {
-		auth := strings.Fields(c.Request.Header.Get("Authorization"))
+// 	return func(c *echo.Context) {
-		if len(auth) == 2 {
+// 		auth := strings.Fields(c.Request.Header.Get("Authorization"))
-			t, err := jwt.Parse(auth[1], func(token *jwt.Token) (interface{}, error) {
+// 		if len(auth) == 2 {
-				if kid := token.Header["kid"]; kid != nil {
+// 			t, err := jwt.Parse(auth[1], func(token *jwt.Token) (interface{}, error) {
-					return fn(kid.(string))
+// 				if kid := token.Header["kid"]; kid != nil {
-				}
+// 					return fn(kid.(string))
-				return fn("")
+// 				}
-			})
+// 				return fn("")
-			if t.Valid {
+// 			})
-				c.Set("claims", Claims(t.Claims))
+// 			if t.Valid {
-				ah(c)
+// 				c.Set("claims", Claims(t.Claims))
-				// c.Next()
+// 				ah(c)
-			} else {
+// 				// c.Next()
-				// TODO: capture errors
+// 			} else {
-				uah(c, err)
+// 				// TODO: capture errors
-			}
+// 				uah(c, err)
-			return
+// 			}
-		}
+// 			return
-		uah(c, ErrJwtAuth)
+// 		}
-	}
+// 		uah(c, ErrJwtAuth)
-}
+// 	}
+// }

middleware/logger.go

@@ -9,9 +9,9 @@ import (
 	"github.com/mattn/go-colorable"
 )
 
-func Logger(h echo.HandlerFunc) echo.HandlerFunc {
+func Logger(h echo.HandlerFunc) (echo.HandlerFunc, error) {
 	log.SetOutput(colorable.NewColorableStdout())
-	return echo.HandlerFunc(func(c *echo.Context) {
+	return func(c *echo.Context) error {
 		start := time.Now()
 		h(c)
 		end := time.Now()
@@ -30,5 +30,6 @@ func Logger(h echo.HandlerFunc) echo.HandlerFunc {
 		}
 
 		log.Printf("%s %s %s %s", m, p, col(s), end.Sub(start))
-	})
+		return nil
+	}, nil
 }

response_test.go

@@ -7,21 +7,34 @@ import (
 )
 
 func TestResponse(t *testing.T) {
-	e := New()
+	r := &response{Writer: httptest.NewRecorder()}
-	e.Get("/hello", func(c *Context) {
-		c.String(http.StatusOK, "world")
 
-		// Status
+	// Header
-		if c.Response.Status() != http.StatusOK {
+	if r.Header() == nil {
-			t.Error("status code should be 200")
+		t.Error("header should not be nil")
-		}
+	}
 
-		// Size
+	// WriteHeader
-		if c.Response.Status() != http.StatusOK {
+	r.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
-			t.Error("size should be 5")
+	if r.status != http.StatusOK {
-		}
+		t.Errorf("status should be %d", http.StatusOK)
-	})
+	}
-	w := httptest.NewRecorder()
+	if r.committed != true {
-	r, _ := http.NewRequest("GET", "/hello", nil)
+		t.Error("response should be true")
-	e.ServeHTTP(w, r)
+	}
+	// Response already committed
+	r.WriteHeader(http.StatusOK)
+
+	// Status
+	r.status = http.StatusOK
+	if r.Status() != http.StatusOK {
+		t.Errorf("status should be %d", http.StatusOK)
+	}
+
+	// Write & Size
+	s := "echo"
+	r.Write([]byte(s))
+	if r.Size() != len(s) {
+		t.Errorf("size should be %d", len(s))
+	}
 }

router_test.go

@@ -283,8 +283,9 @@ func TestRouterStatic(t *testing.T) {
 	r := New().Router
 	b := new(bytes.Buffer)
 	path := "/folders/a/files/echo.gif"
-	r.Add(GET, path, func(*Context) {
+	r.Add(GET, path, func(*Context) error {
 		b.WriteString(path)
+		return nil
 	}, nil)
 	h, _ := r.Find(GET, path, params)
 	if h == nil {
@@ -298,7 +299,9 @@ func TestRouterStatic(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestRouterParam(t *testing.T) {
 	r := New().Router
-	r.Add(GET, "/users/:id", func(c *Context) {}, nil)
+	r.Add(GET, "/users/:id", func(c *Context) error {
+		return nil
+	}, nil)
 	h, _ := r.Find(GET, "/users/1", params)
 	if h == nil {
 		t.Fatal("handler not found")
@@ -310,7 +313,9 @@ func TestRouterParam(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestRouterTwoParam(t *testing.T) {
 	r := New().Router
-	r.Add(GET, "/users/:uid/files/:fid", func(*Context) {}, nil)
+	r.Add(GET, "/users/:uid/files/:fid", func(*Context) error {
+		return nil
+	}, nil)
 	h, _ := r.Find(GET, "/users/1/files/1", params)
 	if h == nil {
 		t.Fatal("handler not found")
@@ -325,7 +330,9 @@ func TestRouterTwoParam(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestRouterCatchAll(t *testing.T) {
 	r := New().Router
-	r.Add(GET, "/static/*", func(*Context) {}, nil)
+	r.Add(GET, "/static/*", func(*Context) error {
+		return nil
+	}, nil)
 	h, _ := r.Find(GET, "/static/echo.gif", params)
 	if h == nil {
 		t.Fatal("handler not found")
@@ -337,7 +344,9 @@ func TestRouterCatchAll(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestRouterMicroParam(t *testing.T) {
 	r := New().Router
-	r.Add(GET, "/:a/:b/:c", func(c *Context) {}, nil)
+	r.Add(GET, "/:a/:b/:c", func(c *Context) error {
+		return nil
+	}, nil)
 	h, _ := r.Find(GET, "/1/2/3", params)
 	if h == nil {
 		t.Fatal("handler not found")
@@ -358,10 +367,13 @@ func TestRouterMultiRoute(t *testing.T) {
 	b := new(bytes.Buffer)
 
 	// Routes
-	r.Add(GET, "/users", func(*Context) {
+	r.Add(GET, "/users", func(*Context) error {
 		b.WriteString("/users")
+		return nil
+	}, nil)
+	r.Add(GET, "/users/:id", func(c *Context) error {
+		return nil
 	}, nil)
-	r.Add(GET, "/users/:id", func(c *Context) {}, nil)
 
 	// Route > /users
 	h, _ := r.Find(GET, "/users", params)
@@ -394,19 +406,26 @@ func TestRouterConflictingRoute(t *testing.T) {
 	b := new(bytes.Buffer)
 
 	// Routes
-	r.Add(GET, "/users", func(*Context) {
+	r.Add(GET, "/users", func(*Context) error {
 		b.WriteString("/users")
+		return nil
 	}, nil)
-	r.Add(GET, "/users/new", func(*Context) {
+	r.Add(GET, "/users/new", func(*Context) error {
 		b.Reset()
 		b.WriteString("/users/new")
+		return nil
 	}, nil)
-	r.Add(GET, "/users/:id", func(c *Context) {}, nil)
+	r.Add(GET, "/users/:id", func(c *Context) error {
-	r.Add(GET, "/users/new/moon", func(*Context) {
+		return nil
+	}, nil)
+	r.Add(GET, "/users/new/moon", func(*Context) error {
 		b.Reset()
 		b.WriteString("/users/new/moon")
+		return nil
+	}, nil)
+	r.Add(GET, "/users/new/:id", func(*Context) error {
+		return nil
 	}, nil)
-	r.Add(GET, "/users/new/:id", func(*Context) {}, nil)
 
 	// Route > /users
 	h, _ := r.Find(GET, "/users", params)
@@ -495,7 +514,7 @@ func TestRouterConflictingRoute(t *testing.T) {
 func TestRouterAPI(t *testing.T) {
 	r := New().Router
 	for _, route := range api {
-		r.Add(route.method, route.path, func(c *Context) {
+		r.Add(route.method, route.path, func(c *Context) error {
 			for _, p := range c.params {
 				if p.Name != "" {
 					if ":"+p.Name != p.Value {
@@ -503,6 +522,7 @@ func TestRouterAPI(t *testing.T) {
 					}
 				}
 			}
+			return nil
 		}, nil)
 
 		h, _ := r.Find(route.method, route.path, params)
@@ -514,7 +534,9 @@ func TestRouterAPI(t *testing.T) {
 
 func TestRouterServeHTTP(t *testing.T) {
 	r := New().Router
-	r.Add(GET, "/users", func(*Context) {}, nil)
+	r.Add(GET, "/users", func(*Context) error {
+		return nil
+	}, nil)
 
 	// OK
 	req, _ := http.NewRequest(GET, "/users", nil)