fix: support go iterators and cleanup types

Signed-off-by: Dr. Carsten Leue <carsten.leue@de.ibm.com>
2025-11-23 22:14:53 +02:00 · 2025-11-14 12:56:12 +01:00
parent 17eb8ae66f
commit 2c1d8196b4
52 changed files with 1869 additions and 215 deletions
--- a/v2/array/array.go
+++ b/v2/array/array.go
@@ -17,11 +17,10 @@ package array

 import (
 	G "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/array/generic"
-	EM "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/endomorphism"
 	F "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/function"
 	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/internal/array"
 	M "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/monoid"
-	O "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/option"
+	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/option"
 	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/tuple"
 )

@@ -50,16 +49,16 @@ func Replicate[A any](n int, a A) []A {
 // This is the monadic version of Map that takes the array as the first parameter.
 //
 //go:inline
-func MonadMap[A, B any](as []A, f func(a A) B) []B {
+func MonadMap[A, B any](as []A, f func(A) B) []B {
 	return G.MonadMap[[]A, []B](as, f)
 }

 // MonadMapRef applies a function to a pointer to each element of an array, returning a new array with the results.
 // This is useful when you need to access elements by reference without copying.
-func MonadMapRef[A, B any](as []A, f func(a *A) B) []B {
+func MonadMapRef[A, B any](as []A, f func(*A) B) []B {
 	count := len(as)
 	bs := make([]B, count)
-	for i := count - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
+	for i := range count {
 		bs[i] = f(&as[i])
 	}
 	return bs
@@ -68,7 +67,7 @@ func MonadMapRef[A, B any](as []A, f func(a *A) B) []B {
 // MapWithIndex applies a function to each element and its index in an array, returning a new array with the results.
 //
 //go:inline
-func MapWithIndex[A, B any](f func(int, A) B) func([]A) []B {
+func MapWithIndex[A, B any](f func(int, A) B) Operator[A, B] {
 	return G.MapWithIndex[[]A, []B](f)
 }

@@ -81,35 +80,35 @@ func MapWithIndex[A, B any](f func(int, A) B) func([]A) []B {
 //	result := double([]int{1, 2, 3}) // [2, 4, 6]
 //
 //go:inline
-func Map[A, B any](f func(a A) B) func([]A) []B {
+func Map[A, B any](f func(A) B) Operator[A, B] {
 	return G.Map[[]A, []B](f)
 }

 // MapRef applies a function to a pointer to each element of an array, returning a new array with the results.
 // This is the curried version that returns a function.
-func MapRef[A, B any](f func(a *A) B) func([]A) []B {
+func MapRef[A, B any](f func(*A) B) Operator[A, B] {
 	return F.Bind2nd(MonadMapRef[A, B], f)
 }

-func filterRef[A any](fa []A, pred func(a *A) bool) []A {
-	var result []A
+func filterRef[A any](fa []A, pred func(*A) bool) []A {
 	count := len(fa)
-	for i := 0; i < count; i++ {
-		a := fa[i]
-		if pred(&a) {
-			result = append(result, a)
+	var result []A = make([]A, 0, count)
+	for i := range count {
+		a := &fa[i]
+		if pred(a) {
+			result = append(result, *a)
 		}
 	}
 	return result
 }

-func filterMapRef[A, B any](fa []A, pred func(a *A) bool, f func(a *A) B) []B {
-	var result []B
+func filterMapRef[A, B any](fa []A, pred func(*A) bool, f func(*A) B) []B {
 	count := len(fa)
-	for i := 0; i < count; i++ {
-		a := fa[i]
-		if pred(&a) {
-			result = append(result, f(&a))
+	var result []B = make([]B, 0, count)
+	for i := range count {
+		a := &fa[i]
+		if pred(a) {
+			result = append(result, f(a))
 		}
 	}
 	return result
@@ -118,19 +117,19 @@ func filterMapRef[A, B any](fa []A, pred func(a *A) bool, f func(a *A) B) []B {
 // Filter returns a new array with all elements from the original array that match a predicate
 //
 //go:inline
-func Filter[A any](pred func(A) bool) EM.Endomorphism[[]A] {
+func Filter[A any](pred func(A) bool) Operator[A, A] {
 	return G.Filter[[]A](pred)
 }

 // FilterWithIndex returns a new array with all elements from the original array that match a predicate
 //
 //go:inline
-func FilterWithIndex[A any](pred func(int, A) bool) EM.Endomorphism[[]A] {
+func FilterWithIndex[A any](pred func(int, A) bool) Operator[A, A] {
 	return G.FilterWithIndex[[]A](pred)
 }

 // FilterRef returns a new array with all elements from the original array that match a predicate operating on pointers.
-func FilterRef[A any](pred func(*A) bool) EM.Endomorphism[[]A] {
+func FilterRef[A any](pred func(*A) bool) Operator[A, A] {
 	return F.Bind2nd(filterRef[A], pred)
 }

@@ -138,7 +137,7 @@ func FilterRef[A any](pred func(*A) bool) EM.Endomorphism[[]A] {
 // This is the monadic version that takes the array as the first parameter.
 //
 //go:inline
-func MonadFilterMap[A, B any](fa []A, f func(A) O.Option[B]) []B {
+func MonadFilterMap[A, B any](fa []A, f option.Kleisli[A, B]) []B {
 	return G.MonadFilterMap[[]A, []B](fa, f)
 }

@@ -146,33 +145,33 @@ func MonadFilterMap[A, B any](fa []A, f func(A) O.Option[B]) []B {
 // keeping only the Some values. This is the monadic version that takes the array as the first parameter.
 //
 //go:inline
-func MonadFilterMapWithIndex[A, B any](fa []A, f func(int, A) O.Option[B]) []B {
+func MonadFilterMapWithIndex[A, B any](fa []A, f func(int, A) Option[B]) []B {
 	return G.MonadFilterMapWithIndex[[]A, []B](fa, f)
 }

-// FilterMap maps an array with an iterating function that returns an [O.Option] and it keeps only the Some values discarding the Nones.
+// FilterMap maps an array with an iterating function that returns an [Option] and it keeps only the Some values discarding the Nones.
 //
 //go:inline
-func FilterMap[A, B any](f func(A) O.Option[B]) func([]A) []B {
+func FilterMap[A, B any](f option.Kleisli[A, B]) Operator[A, B] {
 	return G.FilterMap[[]A, []B](f)
 }

-// FilterMapWithIndex maps an array with an iterating function that returns an [O.Option] and it keeps only the Some values discarding the Nones.
+// FilterMapWithIndex maps an array with an iterating function that returns an [Option] and it keeps only the Some values discarding the Nones.
 //
 //go:inline
-func FilterMapWithIndex[A, B any](f func(int, A) O.Option[B]) func([]A) []B {
+func FilterMapWithIndex[A, B any](f func(int, A) Option[B]) Operator[A, B] {
 	return G.FilterMapWithIndex[[]A, []B](f)
 }

-// FilterChain maps an array with an iterating function that returns an [O.Option] of an array. It keeps only the Some values discarding the Nones and then flattens the result.
+// FilterChain maps an array with an iterating function that returns an [Option] of an array. It keeps only the Some values discarding the Nones and then flattens the result.
 //
 //go:inline
-func FilterChain[A, B any](f func(A) O.Option[[]B]) func([]A) []B {
+func FilterChain[A, B any](f option.Kleisli[A, []B]) Operator[A, B] {
 	return G.FilterChain[[]A](f)
 }

 // FilterMapRef filters an array using a predicate on pointers and maps the matching elements using a function on pointers.
-func FilterMapRef[A, B any](pred func(a *A) bool, f func(a *A) B) func([]A) []B {
+func FilterMapRef[A, B any](pred func(a *A) bool, f func(*A) B) Operator[A, B] {
 	return func(fa []A) []B {
 		return filterMapRef(fa, pred, f)
 	}
@@ -180,8 +179,7 @@ func FilterMapRef[A, B any](pred func(a *A) bool, f func(a *A) B) func([]A) []B

 func reduceRef[A, B any](fa []A, f func(B, *A) B, initial B) B {
 	current := initial
-	count := len(fa)
-	for i := 0; i < count; i++ {
+	for i := range len(fa) {
 		current = f(current, &fa[i])
 	}
 	return current
@@ -277,7 +275,7 @@ func Of[A any](a A) []A {
 // This is the monadic version that takes the array as the first parameter (also known as FlatMap).
 //
 //go:inline
-func MonadChain[A, B any](fa []A, f func(a A) []B) []B {
+func MonadChain[A, B any](fa []A, f Kleisli[A, B]) []B {
 	return G.MonadChain(fa, f)
 }

@@ -290,7 +288,7 @@ func MonadChain[A, B any](fa []A, f func(a A) []B) []B {
 //	result := duplicate([]int{1, 2, 3}) // [1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3]
 //
 //go:inline
-func Chain[A, B any](f func(A) []B) func([]A) []B {
+func Chain[A, B any](f Kleisli[A, B]) Operator[A, B] {
 	return G.Chain[[]A](f)
 }

@@ -306,7 +304,7 @@ func MonadAp[B, A any](fab []func(A) B, fa []A) []B {
 // This is the curried version.
 //
 //go:inline
-func Ap[B, A any](fa []A) func([]func(A) B) []B {
+func Ap[B, A any](fa []A) Operator[func(A) B, B] {
 	return G.Ap[[]B, []func(A) B](fa)
 }

@@ -328,7 +326,7 @@ func MatchLeft[A, B any](onEmpty func() B, onNonEmpty func(A, []A) B) func([]A)
 // Returns None if the array is empty.
 //
 //go:inline
-func Tail[A any](as []A) O.Option[[]A] {
+func Tail[A any](as []A) Option[[]A] {
 	return G.Tail(as)
 }

@@ -336,7 +334,7 @@ func Tail[A any](as []A) O.Option[[]A] {
 // Returns None if the array is empty.
 //
 //go:inline
-func Head[A any](as []A) O.Option[A] {
+func Head[A any](as []A) Option[A] {
 	return G.Head(as)
 }

@@ -344,7 +342,7 @@ func Head[A any](as []A) O.Option[A] {
 // Returns None if the array is empty.
 //
 //go:inline
-func First[A any](as []A) O.Option[A] {
+func First[A any](as []A) Option[A] {
 	return G.First(as)
 }

@@ -352,12 +350,12 @@ func First[A any](as []A) O.Option[A] {
 // Returns None if the array is empty.
 //
 //go:inline
-func Last[A any](as []A) O.Option[A] {
+func Last[A any](as []A) Option[A] {
 	return G.Last(as)
 }

 // PrependAll inserts a separator before each element of an array.
-func PrependAll[A any](middle A) EM.Endomorphism[[]A] {
+func PrependAll[A any](middle A) Operator[A, A] {
 	return func(as []A) []A {
 		count := len(as)
 		dst := count * 2
@@ -377,7 +375,7 @@ func PrependAll[A any](middle A) EM.Endomorphism[[]A] {
 // Example:
 //
 //	result := array.Intersperse(0)([]int{1, 2, 3}) // [1, 0, 2, 0, 3]
-func Intersperse[A any](middle A) EM.Endomorphism[[]A] {
+func Intersperse[A any](middle A) Operator[A, A] {
 	prepend := PrependAll(middle)
 	return func(as []A) []A {
 		if IsEmpty(as) {
@@ -406,7 +404,7 @@ func Flatten[A any](mma [][]A) []A {
 }

 // Slice extracts a subarray from index low (inclusive) to high (exclusive).
-func Slice[A any](low, high int) func(as []A) []A {
+func Slice[A any](low, high int) Operator[A, A] {
 	return array.Slice[[]A](low, high)
 }

@@ -414,7 +412,7 @@ func Slice[A any](low, high int) func(as []A) []A {
 // Returns None if the index is out of bounds.
 //
 //go:inline
-func Lookup[A any](idx int) func([]A) O.Option[A] {
+func Lookup[A any](idx int) func([]A) Option[A] {
 	return G.Lookup[[]A](idx)
 }

@@ -422,7 +420,7 @@ func Lookup[A any](idx int) func([]A) O.Option[A] {
 // If the index is out of bounds, the element is appended.
 //
 //go:inline
-func UpsertAt[A any](a A) EM.Endomorphism[[]A] {
+func UpsertAt[A any](a A) Operator[A, A] {
 	return G.UpsertAt[[]A](a)
 }

@@ -468,7 +466,7 @@ func ConstNil[A any]() []A {
 // SliceRight extracts a subarray from the specified start index to the end.
 //
 //go:inline
-func SliceRight[A any](start int) EM.Endomorphism[[]A] {
+func SliceRight[A any](start int) Operator[A, A] {
 	return G.SliceRight[[]A](start)
 }

@@ -482,7 +480,7 @@ func Copy[A any](b []A) []A {
 // Clone creates a deep copy of the array using the provided endomorphism to clone the values
 //
 //go:inline
-func Clone[A any](f func(A) A) func(as []A) []A {
+func Clone[A any](f func(A) A) Operator[A, A] {
 	return G.Clone[[]A](f)
 }

@@ -510,8 +508,8 @@ func Fold[A any](m M.Monoid[A]) func([]A) A {
 // Push adds an element to the end of an array (alias for Append).
 //
 //go:inline
-func Push[A any](a A) EM.Endomorphism[[]A] {
-	return G.Push[EM.Endomorphism[[]A]](a)
+func Push[A any](a A) Operator[A, A] {
+	return G.Push[Operator[A, A]](a)
 }

 // MonadFlap applies a value to an array of functions, producing an array of results.
@@ -526,13 +524,13 @@ func MonadFlap[B, A any](fab []func(A) B, a A) []B {
 // This is the curried version.
 //
 //go:inline
-func Flap[B, A any](a A) func([]func(A) B) []B {
+func Flap[B, A any](a A) Operator[func(A) B, B] {
 	return G.Flap[func(A) B, []func(A) B, []B](a)
 }

 // Prepend adds an element to the beginning of an array, returning a new array.
 //
 //go:inline
-func Prepend[A any](head A) EM.Endomorphism[[]A] {
-	return G.Prepend[EM.Endomorphism[[]A]](head)
+func Prepend[A any](head A) Operator[A, A] {
+	return G.Prepend[Operator[A, A]](head)
 }
--- a/v2/array/bind.go
+++ b/v2/array/bind.go
@@ -56,8 +56,8 @@ func Do[S any](
 //go:inline
 func Bind[S1, S2, T any](
 	setter func(T) func(S1) S2,
-	f func(S1) []T,
-) func([]S1) []S2 {
+	f Kleisli[S1, T],
+) Operator[S1, S2] {
 	return G.Bind[[]S1, []S2](setter, f)
 }

@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ func Bind[S1, S2, T any](
 func Let[S1, S2, T any](
 	setter func(T) func(S1) S2,
 	f func(S1) T,
-) func([]S1) []S2 {
+) Operator[S1, S2] {
 	return G.Let[[]S1, []S2](setter, f)
 }

@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ func Let[S1, S2, T any](
 func LetTo[S1, S2, T any](
 	setter func(T) func(S1) S2,
 	b T,
-) func([]S1) []S2 {
+) Operator[S1, S2] {
 	return G.LetTo[[]S1, []S2](setter, b)
 }

@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ func LetTo[S1, S2, T any](
 //go:inline
 func BindTo[S1, T any](
 	setter func(T) S1,
-) func([]T) []S1 {
+) Operator[T, S1] {
 	return G.BindTo[[]S1, []T](setter)
 }

@@ -143,6 +143,6 @@ func BindTo[S1, T any](
 func ApS[S1, S2, T any](
 	setter func(T) func(S1) S2,
 	fa []T,
-) func([]S1) []S2 {
+) Operator[S1, S2] {
 	return G.ApS[[]S1, []S2](setter, fa)
 }
--- a/v2/array/find.go
+++ b/v2/array/find.go
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ package array

 import (
 	G "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/array/generic"
-	O "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/option"
+	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/option"
 )

 // FindFirst finds the first element which satisfies a predicate function.
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ import (
 //	result2 := findGreaterThan3([]int{1, 2, 3}) // None
 //
 //go:inline
-func FindFirst[A any](pred func(A) bool) func([]A) O.Option[A] {
+func FindFirst[A any](pred func(A) bool) option.Kleisli[[]A, A] {
 	return G.FindFirst[[]A](pred)
 }

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ func FindFirst[A any](pred func(A) bool) func([]A) O.Option[A] {
 //	result := findEvenAtEvenIndex([]int{1, 3, 4, 5}) // Some(4)
 //
 //go:inline
-func FindFirstWithIndex[A any](pred func(int, A) bool) func([]A) O.Option[A] {
+func FindFirstWithIndex[A any](pred func(int, A) bool) option.Kleisli[[]A, A] {
 	return G.FindFirstWithIndex[[]A](pred)
 }

@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ func FindFirstWithIndex[A any](pred func(int, A) bool) func([]A) O.Option[A] {
 //	result := parseFirst([]string{"a", "42", "b"}) // Some(42)
 //
 //go:inline
-func FindFirstMap[A, B any](sel func(A) O.Option[B]) func([]A) O.Option[B] {
+func FindFirstMap[A, B any](sel option.Kleisli[A, B]) option.Kleisli[[]A, B] {
 	return G.FindFirstMap[[]A](sel)
 }

@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ func FindFirstMap[A, B any](sel func(A) O.Option[B]) func([]A) O.Option[B] {
 // The selector receives both the index and the element.
 //
 //go:inline
-func FindFirstMapWithIndex[A, B any](sel func(int, A) O.Option[B]) func([]A) O.Option[B] {
+func FindFirstMapWithIndex[A, B any](sel func(int, A) Option[B]) option.Kleisli[[]A, B] {
 	return G.FindFirstMapWithIndex[[]A](sel)
 }

@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ func FindFirstMapWithIndex[A, B any](sel func(int, A) O.Option[B]) func([]A) O.O
 //	result := findGreaterThan3([]int{1, 4, 2, 5}) // Some(5)
 //
 //go:inline
-func FindLast[A any](pred func(A) bool) func([]A) O.Option[A] {
+func FindLast[A any](pred func(A) bool) option.Kleisli[[]A, A] {
 	return G.FindLast[[]A](pred)
 }

@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ func FindLast[A any](pred func(A) bool) func([]A) O.Option[A] {
 // Returns Some(element) if found, None if no element matches.
 //
 //go:inline
-func FindLastWithIndex[A any](pred func(int, A) bool) func([]A) O.Option[A] {
+func FindLastWithIndex[A any](pred func(int, A) bool) option.Kleisli[[]A, A] {
 	return G.FindLastWithIndex[[]A](pred)
 }

@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ func FindLastWithIndex[A any](pred func(int, A) bool) func([]A) O.Option[A] {
 // This combines finding and mapping in a single operation, searching from the end.
 //
 //go:inline
-func FindLastMap[A, B any](sel func(A) O.Option[B]) func([]A) O.Option[B] {
+func FindLastMap[A, B any](sel option.Kleisli[A, B]) option.Kleisli[[]A, B] {
 	return G.FindLastMap[[]A](sel)
 }

@@ -110,6 +110,6 @@ func FindLastMap[A, B any](sel func(A) O.Option[B]) func([]A) O.Option[B] {
 // The selector receives both the index and the element, searching from the end.
 //
 //go:inline
-func FindLastMapWithIndex[A, B any](sel func(int, A) O.Option[B]) func([]A) O.Option[B] {
+func FindLastMapWithIndex[A, B any](sel func(int, A) Option[B]) option.Kleisli[[]A, B] {
 	return G.FindLastMapWithIndex[[]A](sel)
 }
--- a/v2/array/generic/array.go
+++ b/v2/array/generic/array.go
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ func MakeBy[AS ~[]A, F ~func(int) A, A any](n int, f F) AS {
 	}
 	// run the generator function across the input
 	as := make(AS, n)
-	for i := n - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
+	for i := range n {
 		as[i] = f(i)
 	}
 	return as
@@ -165,10 +165,9 @@ func Size[GA ~[]A, A any](as GA) int {
 func filterMap[GA ~[]A, GB ~[]B, A, B any](fa GA, f func(A) O.Option[B]) GB {
 	result := make(GB, 0, len(fa))
 	for _, a := range fa {
-		O.Map(func(b B) B {
+		if b, ok := O.Unwrap(f(a)); ok {
 			result = append(result, b)
-			return b
-		})(f(a))
+		}
 	}
 	return result
 }
@@ -176,10 +175,9 @@ func filterMap[GA ~[]A, GB ~[]B, A, B any](fa GA, f func(A) O.Option[B]) GB {
 func filterMapWithIndex[GA ~[]A, GB ~[]B, A, B any](fa GA, f func(int, A) O.Option[B]) GB {
 	result := make(GB, 0, len(fa))
 	for i, a := range fa {
-		O.Map(func(b B) B {
+		if b, ok := O.Unwrap(f(i, a)); ok {
 			result = append(result, b)
-			return b
-		})(f(i, a))
+		}
 	}
 	return result
 }
--- a/v2/array/generic/find.go
+++ b/v2/array/generic/find.go
@@ -42,8 +42,7 @@ func FindFirst[AS ~[]A, PRED ~func(A) bool, A any](pred PRED) func(AS) O.Option[
 func FindFirstMapWithIndex[AS ~[]A, PRED ~func(int, A) O.Option[B], A, B any](pred PRED) func(AS) O.Option[B] {
 	none := O.None[B]()
 	return func(as AS) O.Option[B] {
-		count := len(as)
-		for i := 0; i < count; i++ {
+		for i := range len(as) {
 			out := pred(i, as[i])
 			if O.IsSome(out) {
 				return out
--- a/v2/array/generic/zip.go
+++ b/v2/array/generic/zip.go
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ import (
 func ZipWith[AS ~[]A, BS ~[]B, CS ~[]C, FCT ~func(A, B) C, A, B, C any](fa AS, fb BS, f FCT) CS {
 	l := N.Min(len(fa), len(fb))
 	res := make(CS, l)
-	for i := l - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
+	for i := range l {
 		res[i] = f(fa[i], fb[i])
 	}
 	return res
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ func Unzip[AS ~[]A, BS ~[]B, CS ~[]T.Tuple2[A, B], A, B any](cs CS) T.Tuple2[AS,
 	l := len(cs)
 	as := make(AS, l)
 	bs := make(BS, l)
-	for i := l - 1; i >= 0; i-- {
+	for i := range l {
 		t := cs[i]
 		as[i] = t.F1
 		bs[i] = t.F2
--- a/v2/array/sequence.go
+++ b/v2/array/sequence.go
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ func Sequence[A, HKTA, HKTRA, HKTFRA any](
 //	    option.Some(3),
 //	}
 //	result2 := array.ArrayOption[int]()(opts2) // None
-func ArrayOption[A any]() func([]O.Option[A]) O.Option[[]A] {
+func ArrayOption[A any]() func([]Option[A]) Option[[]A] {
 	return Sequence(
 		O.Of[[]A],
 		O.MonadMap[[]A, func(A) []A],
--- a/v2/array/sort.go
+++ b/v2/array/sort.go
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ import (
 //	// Result: [1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9]
 //
 //go:inline
-func Sort[T any](ord O.Ord[T]) func(ma []T) []T {
+func Sort[T any](ord O.Ord[T]) Operator[T, T] {
 	return G.Sort[[]T](ord)
 }

@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ func Sort[T any](ord O.Ord[T]) func(ma []T) []T {
 //	// Result: [{"Bob", 25}, {"Alice", 30}, {"Charlie", 35}]
 //
 //go:inline
-func SortByKey[K, T any](ord O.Ord[K], f func(T) K) func(ma []T) []T {
+func SortByKey[K, T any](ord O.Ord[K], f func(T) K) Operator[T, T] {
 	return G.SortByKey[[]T](ord, f)
 }

@@ -93,6 +93,6 @@ func SortByKey[K, T any](ord O.Ord[K], f func(T) K) func(ma []T) []T {
 //	// Result: [{"Jones", "Bob"}, {"Smith", "Alice"}, {"Smith", "John"}]
 //
 //go:inline
-func SortBy[T any](ord []O.Ord[T]) func(ma []T) []T {
+func SortBy[T any](ord []O.Ord[T]) Operator[T, T] {
 	return G.SortBy[[]T](ord)
 }
--- a/v2/array/types.go
+++ b/v2/array/types.go
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+package array
+
+import "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/option"
+
+type (
+	Kleisli[A, B any]  = func(A) []B
+	Operator[A, B any] = Kleisli[[]A, B]
+	Option[A any]      = option.Option[A]
+)
--- a/v2/array/uniq.go
+++ b/v2/array/uniq.go
@@ -46,6 +46,6 @@ func StrictUniq[A comparable](as []A) []A {
 //	// Result: [{"Alice", 30}, {"Bob", 25}, {"Charlie", 30}]
 //
 //go:inline
-func Uniq[A any, K comparable](f func(A) K) func(as []A) []A {
+func Uniq[A any, K comparable](f func(A) K) Operator[A, A] {
 	return G.Uniq[[]A](f)
 }
--- a/v2/constant/monoid.go
+++ b/v2/constant/monoid.go
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+package constant
+
+import (
+	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/function"
+	M "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/monoid"
+)
+
+// Monoid returns a [M.Monoid] that returns a constant value in all operations
+func Monoid[A any](a A) M.Monoid[A] {
+	return M.MakeMonoid(function.Constant2[A, A](a), a)
+}
--- a/v2/endomorphism/from.go
+++ b/v2/endomorphism/from.go
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+package endomorphism
+
+import (
+	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/function"
+	S "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/semigroup"
+)
+
+func FromSemigroup[A any](s S.Semigroup[A]) Kleisli[A] {
+	return function.Bind2of2(s.Concat)
+}
--- a/v2/iterator/iter/iter.go
+++ b/v2/iterator/iter/iter.go
@@ -0,0 +1,892 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2023 - 2025 IBM Corp.
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+// Package iter provides functional programming utilities for Go 1.23+ iterators.
+//
+// This package offers a comprehensive set of operations for working with lazy sequences
+// using Go's native iter.Seq and iter.Seq2 types. It follows functional programming
+// principles and provides monadic operations, transformations, and reductions.
+//
+// The package supports:
+//   - Functor operations (Map, MapWithIndex, MapWithKey)
+//   - Monad operations (Chain, Flatten, Ap)
+//   - Filtering (Filter, FilterMap, FilterWithIndex, FilterWithKey)
+//   - Folding and reduction (Reduce, Fold, FoldMap)
+//   - Sequence construction (Of, From, MakeBy, Replicate)
+//   - Sequence combination (Zip, Prepend, Append)
+//
+// All operations are lazy and only execute when the sequence is consumed via iteration.
+//
+// Example usage:
+//
+//	// Create a sequence and transform it
+//	seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+//	doubled := Map(func(x int) int { return x * 2 })(seq)
+//
+//	// Filter and reduce
+//	evens := Filter(func(x int) bool { return x%2 == 0 })(doubled)
+//	sum := MonadReduce(evens, func(acc, x int) int { return acc + x }, 0)
+//	// sum = 20 (2+4+6+8+10 from doubled evens)
+package iter
+
+import (
+	"slices"
+
+	I "iter"
+
+	F "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/function"
+	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/internal/functor"
+	M "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/monoid"
+	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/option"
+)
+
+// Of creates a sequence containing a single element.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	seq := Of(42)
+//	// yields: 42
+func Of[A any](a A) Seq[A] {
+	return func(yield Predicate[A]) {
+		yield(a)
+	}
+}
+
+// Of2 creates a key-value sequence containing a single key-value pair.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	seq := Of2("key", 100)
+//	// yields: ("key", 100)
+func Of2[K, A any](k K, a A) Seq2[K, A] {
+	return func(yield func(K, A) bool) {
+		yield(k, a)
+	}
+}
+
+// MonadMap transforms each element in a sequence using the provided function.
+// This is the monadic version that takes the sequence as the first parameter.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	seq := From(1, 2, 3)
+//	result := MonadMap(seq, func(x int) int { return x * 2 })
+//	// yields: 2, 4, 6
+func MonadMap[A, B any](as Seq[A], f func(A) B) Seq[B] {
+	return func(yield Predicate[B]) {
+		for a := range as {
+			if !yield(f(a)) {
+				return
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Map returns a function that transforms each element in a sequence.
+// This is the curried version of MonadMap.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	double := Map(func(x int) int { return x * 2 })
+//	seq := From(1, 2, 3)
+//	result := double(seq)
+//	// yields: 2, 4, 6
+//
+//go:inline
+func Map[A, B any](f func(A) B) Operator[A, B] {
+	return F.Bind2nd(MonadMap[A, B], f)
+}
+
+// MonadMapWithIndex transforms each element in a sequence using a function that also receives the element's index.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	seq := From("a", "b", "c")
+//	result := MonadMapWithIndex(seq, func(i int, s string) string {
+//	    return fmt.Sprintf("%d:%s", i, s)
+//	})
+//	// yields: "0:a", "1:b", "2:c"
+func MonadMapWithIndex[A, B any](as Seq[A], f func(int, A) B) Seq[B] {
+	return func(yield Predicate[B]) {
+		var i int
+		for a := range as {
+			if !yield(f(i, a)) {
+				return
+			}
+			i += 1
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// MapWithIndex returns a function that transforms elements with their indices.
+// This is the curried version of MonadMapWithIndex.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	addIndex := MapWithIndex(func(i int, s string) string {
+//	    return fmt.Sprintf("%d:%s", i, s)
+//	})
+//	seq := From("a", "b", "c")
+//	result := addIndex(seq)
+//	// yields: "0:a", "1:b", "2:c"
+//
+//go:inline
+func MapWithIndex[A, B any](f func(int, A) B) Operator[A, B] {
+	return F.Bind2nd(MonadMapWithIndex[A, B], f)
+}
+
+// MonadMapWithKey transforms values in a key-value sequence using a function that receives both key and value.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	seq := Of2("x", 10)
+//	result := MonadMapWithKey(seq, func(k string, v int) int { return v * 2 })
+//	// yields: ("x", 20)
+func MonadMapWithKey[K, A, B any](as Seq2[K, A], f func(K, A) B) Seq2[K, B] {
+	return func(yield func(K, B) bool) {
+		for k, a := range as {
+			if !yield(k, f(k, a)) {
+				return
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// MapWithKey returns a function that transforms values using their keys.
+// This is the curried version of MonadMapWithKey.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	doubleValue := MapWithKey(func(k string, v int) int { return v * 2 })
+//	seq := Of2("x", 10)
+//	result := doubleValue(seq)
+//	// yields: ("x", 20)
+//
+//go:inline
+func MapWithKey[K, A, B any](f func(K, A) B) Operator2[K, A, B] {
+	return F.Bind2nd(MonadMapWithKey[K, A, B], f)
+}
+
+// MonadFilter returns a sequence containing only elements that satisfy the predicate.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+//	result := MonadFilter(seq, func(x int) bool { return x%2 == 0 })
+//	// yields: 2, 4
+func MonadFilter[A any](as Seq[A], pred func(A) bool) Seq[A] {
+	return func(yield Predicate[A]) {
+		for a := range as {
+			if pred(a) {
+				if !yield(a) {
+					return
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Filter returns a function that filters elements based on a predicate.
+// This is the curried version of MonadFilter.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	evens := Filter(func(x int) bool { return x%2 == 0 })
+//	seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+//	result := evens(seq)
+//	// yields: 2, 4
+//
+//go:inline
+func Filter[A any](pred func(A) bool) Operator[A, A] {
+	return F.Bind2nd(MonadFilter[A], pred)
+}
+
+// MonadFilterWithIndex filters elements using a predicate that also receives the element's index.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	seq := From("a", "b", "c", "d")
+//	result := MonadFilterWithIndex(seq, func(i int, s string) bool { return i%2 == 0 })
+//	// yields: "a", "c" (elements at even indices)
+func MonadFilterWithIndex[A any](as Seq[A], pred func(int, A) bool) Seq[A] {
+	return func(yield Predicate[A]) {
+		var i int
+		for a := range as {
+			if pred(i, a) {
+				if !yield(a) {
+					return
+				}
+			}
+			i++
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// FilterWithIndex returns a function that filters elements based on their index and value.
+// This is the curried version of MonadFilterWithIndex.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	evenIndices := FilterWithIndex(func(i int, s string) bool { return i%2 == 0 })
+//	seq := From("a", "b", "c", "d")
+//	result := evenIndices(seq)
+//	// yields: "a", "c"
+//
+//go:inline
+func FilterWithIndex[A any](pred func(int, A) bool) Operator[A, A] {
+	return F.Bind2nd(MonadFilterWithIndex[A], pred)
+}
+
+// MonadFilterWithKey filters key-value pairs using a predicate that receives both key and value.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	seq := Of2("x", 10)
+//	result := MonadFilterWithKey(seq, func(k string, v int) bool { return v > 5 })
+//	// yields: ("x", 10)
+func MonadFilterWithKey[K, A any](as Seq2[K, A], pred func(K, A) bool) Seq2[K, A] {
+	return func(yield func(K, A) bool) {
+		for k, a := range as {
+			if pred(k, a) {
+				if !yield(k, a) {
+					return
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// FilterWithKey returns a function that filters key-value pairs based on a predicate.
+// This is the curried version of MonadFilterWithKey.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	largeValues := FilterWithKey(func(k string, v int) bool { return v > 5 })
+//	seq := Of2("x", 10)
+//	result := largeValues(seq)
+//	// yields: ("x", 10)
+//
+//go:inline
+func FilterWithKey[K, A any](pred func(K, A) bool) Operator2[K, A, A] {
+	return F.Bind2nd(MonadFilterWithKey[K, A], pred)
+}
+
+// MonadFilterMap applies a function that returns an Option to each element,
+// keeping only the Some values and unwrapping them.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+//	result := MonadFilterMap(seq, func(x int) Option[int] {
+//	    if x%2 == 0 {
+//	        return option.Some(x * 10)
+//	    }
+//	    return option.None[int]()
+//	})
+//	// yields: 20, 40
+func MonadFilterMap[A, B any](as Seq[A], f option.Kleisli[A, B]) Seq[B] {
+	return func(yield Predicate[B]) {
+		for a := range as {
+			if b, ok := option.Unwrap(f(a)); ok {
+				if !yield(b) {
+					return
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// FilterMap returns a function that filters and maps in one operation.
+// This is the curried version of MonadFilterMap.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	evenDoubled := FilterMap(func(x int) Option[int] {
+//	    if x%2 == 0 {
+//	        return option.Some(x * 2)
+//	    }
+//	    return option.None[int]()
+//	})
+//	seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4)
+//	result := evenDoubled(seq)
+//	// yields: 4, 8
+//
+//go:inline
+func FilterMap[A, B any](f option.Kleisli[A, B]) Operator[A, B] {
+	return F.Bind2nd(MonadFilterMap[A, B], f)
+}
+
+// MonadFilterMapWithIndex applies a function with index that returns an Option,
+// keeping only the Some values.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	seq := From("a", "b", "c")
+//	result := MonadFilterMapWithIndex(seq, func(i int, s string) Option[string] {
+//	    if i%2 == 0 {
+//	        return option.Some(fmt.Sprintf("%d:%s", i, s))
+//	    }
+//	    return option.None[string]()
+//	})
+//	// yields: "0:a", "2:c"
+func MonadFilterMapWithIndex[A, B any](as Seq[A], f func(int, A) Option[B]) Seq[B] {
+	return func(yield Predicate[B]) {
+		var i int
+		for a := range as {
+			if b, ok := option.Unwrap(f(i, a)); ok {
+				if !yield(b) {
+					return
+				}
+			}
+			i++
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// FilterMapWithIndex returns a function that filters and maps with index.
+// This is the curried version of MonadFilterMapWithIndex.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	evenIndexed := FilterMapWithIndex(func(i int, s string) Option[string] {
+//	    if i%2 == 0 {
+//	        return option.Some(s)
+//	    }
+//	    return option.None[string]()
+//	})
+//	seq := From("a", "b", "c", "d")
+//	result := evenIndexed(seq)
+//	// yields: "a", "c"
+//
+//go:inline
+func FilterMapWithIndex[A, B any](f func(int, A) Option[B]) Operator[A, B] {
+	return F.Bind2nd(MonadFilterMapWithIndex[A, B], f)
+}
+
+// MonadFilterMapWithKey applies a function with key that returns an Option to key-value pairs,
+// keeping only the Some values.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	seq := Of2("x", 10)
+//	result := MonadFilterMapWithKey(seq, func(k string, v int) Option[int] {
+//	    if v > 5 {
+//	        return option.Some(v * 2)
+//	    }
+//	    return option.None[int]()
+//	})
+//	// yields: ("x", 20)
+func MonadFilterMapWithKey[K, A, B any](as Seq2[K, A], f func(K, A) Option[B]) Seq2[K, B] {
+	return func(yield func(K, B) bool) {
+		for k, a := range as {
+			if b, ok := option.Unwrap(f(k, a)); ok {
+				if !yield(k, b) {
+					return
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// FilterMapWithKey returns a function that filters and maps key-value pairs.
+// This is the curried version of MonadFilterMapWithKey.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	largeDoubled := FilterMapWithKey(func(k string, v int) Option[int] {
+//	    if v > 5 {
+//	        return option.Some(v * 2)
+//	    }
+//	    return option.None[int]()
+//	})
+//	seq := Of2("x", 10)
+//	result := largeDoubled(seq)
+//	// yields: ("x", 20)
+//
+//go:inline
+func FilterMapWithKey[K, A, B any](f func(K, A) Option[B]) Operator2[K, A, B] {
+	return F.Bind2nd(MonadFilterMapWithKey[K, A, B], f)
+}
+
+// MonadChain applies a function that returns a sequence to each element and flattens the results.
+// This is the monadic bind operation (flatMap).
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	seq := From(1, 2, 3)
+//	result := MonadChain(seq, func(x int) Seq[int] {
+//	    return From(x, x*10)
+//	})
+//	// yields: 1, 10, 2, 20, 3, 30
+func MonadChain[A, B any](as Seq[A], f Kleisli[A, B]) Seq[B] {
+	return func(yield Predicate[B]) {
+		for a := range as {
+			for b := range f(a) {
+				if !yield(b) {
+					return
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Chain returns a function that chains (flatMaps) a sequence transformation.
+// This is the curried version of MonadChain.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	duplicate := Chain(func(x int) Seq[int] { return From(x, x) })
+//	seq := From(1, 2, 3)
+//	result := duplicate(seq)
+//	// yields: 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3
+//
+//go:inline
+func Chain[A, B any](f func(A) Seq[B]) Operator[A, B] {
+	return F.Bind2nd(MonadChain[A, B], f)
+}
+
+// Flatten flattens a sequence of sequences into a single sequence.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	nested := From(From(1, 2), From(3, 4), From(5))
+//	result := Flatten(nested)
+//	// yields: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
+//
+//go:inline
+func Flatten[A any](mma Seq[Seq[A]]) Seq[A] {
+	return MonadChain(mma, F.Identity[Seq[A]])
+}
+
+// MonadAp applies a sequence of functions to a sequence of values.
+// This is the applicative apply operation.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	fns := From(func(x int) int { return x * 2 }, func(x int) int { return x + 10 })
+//	vals := From(5, 3)
+//	result := MonadAp(fns, vals)
+//	// yields: 10, 6, 15, 13 (each function applied to each value)
+//
+//go:inline
+func MonadAp[B, A any](fab Seq[func(A) B], fa Seq[A]) Seq[B] {
+	return MonadChain(fab, F.Bind1st(MonadMap[A, B], fa))
+}
+
+// Ap returns a function that applies functions to values.
+// This is the curried version of MonadAp.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	applyTo5 := Ap(From(5))
+//	fns := From(func(x int) int { return x * 2 }, func(x int) int { return x + 10 })
+//	result := applyTo5(fns)
+//	// yields: 10, 15
+//
+//go:inline
+func Ap[B, A any](fa Seq[A]) Operator[func(A) B, B] {
+	return F.Bind2nd(MonadAp[B, A], fa)
+}
+
+// From creates a sequence from a variadic list of elements.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+//	// yields: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
+//
+//go:inline
+func From[A any](data ...A) Seq[A] {
+	return slices.Values(data)
+}
+
+// Empty returns an empty sequence that yields no elements.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	seq := Empty[int]()
+//	// yields nothing
+//
+//go:inline
+func Empty[A any]() Seq[A] {
+	return func(_ Predicate[A]) {}
+}
+
+// MakeBy creates a sequence of n elements by applying a function to each index.
+// Returns an empty sequence if n <= 0.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	seq := MakeBy(5, func(i int) int { return i * i })
+//	// yields: 0, 1, 4, 9, 16
+func MakeBy[A any](n int, f func(int) A) Seq[A] {
+	// sanity check
+	if n <= 0 {
+		return Empty[A]()
+	}
+	// run the generator function across the input
+	return func(yield Predicate[A]) {
+		for i := range n {
+			if !yield(f(i)) {
+				return
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Replicate creates a sequence containing n copies of the same element.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	seq := Replicate(3, "hello")
+//	// yields: "hello", "hello", "hello"
+//
+//go:inline
+func Replicate[A any](n int, a A) Seq[A] {
+	return MakeBy(n, F.Constant1[int](a))
+}
+
+// MonadReduce reduces a sequence to a single value by applying a function to each element
+// and an accumulator, starting with an initial value.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+//	sum := MonadReduce(seq, func(acc, x int) int { return acc + x }, 0)
+//	// returns: 15
+func MonadReduce[A, B any](fa Seq[A], f func(B, A) B, initial B) B {
+	current := initial
+	for a := range fa {
+		current = f(current, a)
+	}
+	return current
+}
+
+// Reduce returns a function that reduces a sequence to a single value.
+// This is the curried version of MonadReduce.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	sum := Reduce(func(acc, x int) int { return acc + x }, 0)
+//	seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+//	result := sum(seq)
+//	// returns: 15
+func Reduce[A, B any](f func(B, A) B, initial B) func(Seq[A]) B {
+	return func(fa Seq[A]) B {
+		return MonadReduce(fa, f, initial)
+	}
+}
+
+// MonadReduceWithIndex reduces a sequence using a function that also receives the element's index.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	seq := From(10, 20, 30)
+//	result := MonadReduceWithIndex(seq, func(i, acc, x int) int {
+//	    return acc + (i * x)
+//	}, 0)
+//	// returns: 0*10 + 1*20 + 2*30 = 80
+func MonadReduceWithIndex[A, B any](fa Seq[A], f func(int, B, A) B, initial B) B {
+	current := initial
+	var i int
+	for a := range fa {
+		current = f(i, current, a)
+		i += 1
+	}
+	return current
+}
+
+// ReduceWithIndex returns a function that reduces with index.
+// This is the curried version of MonadReduceWithIndex.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	weightedSum := ReduceWithIndex(func(i, acc, x int) int {
+//	    return acc + (i * x)
+//	}, 0)
+//	seq := From(10, 20, 30)
+//	result := weightedSum(seq)
+//	// returns: 80
+func ReduceWithIndex[A, B any](f func(int, B, A) B, initial B) func(Seq[A]) B {
+	return func(fa Seq[A]) B {
+		return MonadReduceWithIndex(fa, f, initial)
+	}
+}
+
+// MonadReduceWithKey reduces a key-value sequence using a function that receives the key.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	seq := Of2("x", 10)
+//	result := MonadReduceWithKey(seq, func(k string, acc int, v int) int {
+//	    return acc + v
+//	}, 0)
+//	// returns: 10
+func MonadReduceWithKey[K, A, B any](fa Seq2[K, A], f func(K, B, A) B, initial B) B {
+	current := initial
+	for k, a := range fa {
+		current = f(k, current, a)
+	}
+	return current
+}
+
+// ReduceWithKey returns a function that reduces key-value pairs.
+// This is the curried version of MonadReduceWithKey.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	sumValues := ReduceWithKey(func(k string, acc int, v int) int {
+//	    return acc + v
+//	}, 0)
+//	seq := Of2("x", 10)
+//	result := sumValues(seq)
+//	// returns: 10
+func ReduceWithKey[K, A, B any](f func(K, B, A) B, initial B) func(Seq2[K, A]) B {
+	return func(fa Seq2[K, A]) B {
+		return MonadReduceWithKey(fa, f, initial)
+	}
+}
+
+// MonadFold folds a sequence using a monoid's concat operation and empty value.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	import "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/number"
+//	seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+//	sum := MonadFold(seq, number.MonoidSum[int]())
+//	// returns: 15
+//
+//go:inline
+func MonadFold[A any](fa Seq[A], m M.Monoid[A]) A {
+	return MonadReduce(fa, m.Concat, m.Empty())
+}
+
+// Fold returns a function that folds a sequence using a monoid.
+// This is the curried version of MonadFold.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	import "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/number"
+//	sumAll := Fold(number.MonoidSum[int]())
+//	seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+//	result := sumAll(seq)
+//	// returns: 15
+//
+//go:inline
+func Fold[A any](m M.Monoid[A]) func(Seq[A]) A {
+	return Reduce(m.Concat, m.Empty())
+}
+
+// MonadFoldMap maps each element to a monoid value and combines them using the monoid.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	import "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/string"
+//	seq := From(1, 2, 3)
+//	result := MonadFoldMap(seq, func(x int) string {
+//	    return fmt.Sprintf("%d ", x)
+//	}, string.Monoid)
+//	// returns: "1 2 3 "
+//
+//go:inline
+func MonadFoldMap[A, B any](fa Seq[A], f func(A) B, m M.Monoid[B]) B {
+	return MonadReduce(fa, func(b B, a A) B {
+		return m.Concat(b, f(a))
+	}, m.Empty())
+}
+
+// FoldMap returns a function that maps and folds using a monoid.
+// This is the curried version of MonadFoldMap.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	import "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/string"
+//	stringify := FoldMap(string.Monoid)(func(x int) string {
+//	    return fmt.Sprintf("%d ", x)
+//	})
+//	seq := From(1, 2, 3)
+//	result := stringify(seq)
+//	// returns: "1 2 3 "
+//
+//go:inline
+func FoldMap[A, B any](m M.Monoid[B]) func(func(A) B) func(Seq[A]) B {
+	return func(f func(A) B) func(Seq[A]) B {
+		return func(as Seq[A]) B {
+			return MonadFoldMap(as, f, m)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// MonadFoldMapWithIndex maps each element with its index to a monoid value and combines them.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	import "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/string"
+//	seq := From("a", "b", "c")
+//	result := MonadFoldMapWithIndex(seq, func(i int, s string) string {
+//	    return fmt.Sprintf("%d:%s ", i, s)
+//	}, string.Monoid)
+//	// returns: "0:a 1:b 2:c "
+//
+//go:inline
+func MonadFoldMapWithIndex[A, B any](fa Seq[A], f func(int, A) B, m M.Monoid[B]) B {
+	return MonadReduceWithIndex(fa, func(i int, b B, a A) B {
+		return m.Concat(b, f(i, a))
+	}, m.Empty())
+}
+
+// FoldMapWithIndex returns a function that maps with index and folds.
+// This is the curried version of MonadFoldMapWithIndex.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	import "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/string"
+//	indexedStringify := FoldMapWithIndex(string.Monoid)(func(i int, s string) string {
+//	    return fmt.Sprintf("%d:%s ", i, s)
+//	})
+//	seq := From("a", "b", "c")
+//	result := indexedStringify(seq)
+//	// returns: "0:a 1:b 2:c "
+//
+//go:inline
+func FoldMapWithIndex[A, B any](m M.Monoid[B]) func(func(int, A) B) func(Seq[A]) B {
+	return func(f func(int, A) B) func(Seq[A]) B {
+		return func(as Seq[A]) B {
+			return MonadFoldMapWithIndex(as, f, m)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// MonadFoldMapWithKey maps each key-value pair to a monoid value and combines them.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	import "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/string"
+//	seq := Of2("x", 10)
+//	result := MonadFoldMapWithKey(seq, func(k string, v int) string {
+//	    return fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d ", k, v)
+//	}, string.Monoid)
+//	// returns: "x:10 "
+//
+//go:inline
+func MonadFoldMapWithKey[K, A, B any](fa Seq2[K, A], f func(K, A) B, m M.Monoid[B]) B {
+	return MonadReduceWithKey(fa, func(k K, b B, a A) B {
+		return m.Concat(b, f(k, a))
+	}, m.Empty())
+}
+
+// FoldMapWithKey returns a function that maps with key and folds.
+// This is the curried version of MonadFoldMapWithKey.
+//
+//go:inline
+func FoldMapWithKey[K, A, B any](m M.Monoid[B]) func(func(K, A) B) func(Seq2[K, A]) B {
+	return func(f func(K, A) B) func(Seq2[K, A]) B {
+		return func(as Seq2[K, A]) B {
+			return MonadFoldMapWithKey(as, f, m)
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// MonadFlap applies a fixed value to a sequence of functions.
+// This is the dual of MonadAp.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	fns := From(func(x int) int { return x * 2 }, func(x int) int { return x + 10 })
+//	result := MonadFlap(fns, 5)
+//	// yields: 10, 15
+//
+//go:inline
+func MonadFlap[B, A any](fab Seq[func(A) B], a A) Seq[B] {
+	return functor.MonadFlap(MonadMap[func(A) B, B], fab, a)
+}
+
+// Flap returns a function that applies a fixed value to functions.
+// This is the curried version of MonadFlap.
+//
+//go:inline
+func Flap[B, A any](a A) Operator[func(A) B, B] {
+	return functor.Flap(Map[func(A) B, B], a)
+}
+
+// Prepend returns a function that adds an element to the beginning of a sequence.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	seq := From(2, 3, 4)
+//	result := Prepend(1)(seq)
+//	// yields: 1, 2, 3, 4
+//
+//go:inline
+func Prepend[A any](head A) Operator[A, A] {
+	return F.Bind1st(concat[A], Of(head))
+}
+
+// Append returns a function that adds an element to the end of a sequence.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	seq := From(1, 2, 3)
+//	result := Append(4)(seq)
+//	// yields: 1, 2, 3, 4
+//
+//go:inline
+func Append[A any](tail A) Operator[A, A] {
+	return F.Bind2nd(concat[A], Of(tail))
+}
+
+// MonadZip combines two sequences into a sequence of pairs.
+// The resulting sequence stops when either input sequence is exhausted.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	seqA := From(1, 2, 3)
+//	seqB := From("a", "b")
+//	result := MonadZip(seqB, seqA)
+//	// yields: (1, "a"), (2, "b")
+func MonadZip[A, B any](fb Seq[B], fa Seq[A]) Seq2[A, B] {
+
+	return func(yield func(A, B) bool) {
+		na, sa := I.Pull(fa)
+		defer sa()
+
+		for b := range fb {
+			a, ok := na()
+			if !ok {
+				return
+			}
+
+			if !yield(a, b) {
+				return
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Zip returns a function that zips a sequence with another sequence.
+// This is the curried version of MonadZip.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	seqA := From(1, 2, 3)
+//	zipWithA := Zip(seqA)
+//	seqB := From("a", "b", "c")
+//	result := zipWithA(seqB)
+//	// yields: (1, "a"), (2, "b"), (3, "c")
+//
+//go:inline
+func Zip[A, B any](fa Seq[A]) func(Seq[B]) Seq2[A, B] {
+	return F.Bind2nd(MonadZip[A, B], fa)
+}
--- a/v2/iterator/iter/iter_test.go
+++ b/v2/iterator/iter/iter_test.go
@@ -0,0 +1,588 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2023 - 2025 IBM Corp.
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package iter
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"maps"
+	"slices"
+	"strings"
+	"testing"
+
+	F "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/function"
+	O "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/option"
+	S "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/string"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+// Helper function to collect sequence into a slice
+func toSlice[T any](seq Seq[T]) []T {
+	return slices.Collect(seq)
+}
+
+// Helper function to collect Seq2 into a map
+func toMap[K comparable, V any](seq Seq2[K, V]) map[K]V {
+	return maps.Collect(seq)
+}
+
+func TestOf(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := Of(42)
+	result := toSlice(seq)
+	assert.Equal(t, []int{42}, result)
+}
+
+func TestOf2(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := Of2("key", 100)
+	result := toMap(seq)
+	assert.Equal(t, map[string]int{"key": 100}, result)
+}
+
+func TestFrom(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+	result := toSlice(seq)
+	assert.Equal(t, []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, result)
+}
+
+func TestEmpty(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := Empty[int]()
+	result := toSlice(seq)
+	assert.Empty(t, result)
+}
+
+func TestMonadMap(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := From(1, 2, 3)
+	doubled := MonadMap(seq, func(x int) int { return x * 2 })
+	result := toSlice(doubled)
+	assert.Equal(t, []int{2, 4, 6}, result)
+}
+
+func TestMap(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := From(1, 2, 3)
+	double := Map(func(x int) int { return x * 2 })
+	result := toSlice(double(seq))
+	assert.Equal(t, []int{2, 4, 6}, result)
+}
+
+func TestMonadMapWithIndex(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := From("a", "b", "c")
+	indexed := MonadMapWithIndex(seq, func(i int, s string) string {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%d:%s", i, s)
+	})
+	result := toSlice(indexed)
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"0:a", "1:b", "2:c"}, result)
+}
+
+func TestMapWithIndex(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := From("a", "b", "c")
+	indexer := MapWithIndex(func(i int, s string) string {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%d:%s", i, s)
+	})
+	result := toSlice(indexer(seq))
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"0:a", "1:b", "2:c"}, result)
+}
+
+func TestMonadMapWithKey(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := Of2("x", 10)
+	doubled := MonadMapWithKey(seq, func(k string, v int) int { return v * 2 })
+	result := toMap(doubled)
+	assert.Equal(t, map[string]int{"x": 20}, result)
+}
+
+func TestMapWithKey(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := Of2("x", 10)
+	doubler := MapWithKey(func(k string, v int) int { return v * 2 })
+	result := toMap(doubler(seq))
+	assert.Equal(t, map[string]int{"x": 20}, result)
+}
+
+func TestMonadFilter(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+	evens := MonadFilter(seq, func(x int) bool { return x%2 == 0 })
+	result := toSlice(evens)
+	assert.Equal(t, []int{2, 4}, result)
+}
+
+func TestFilter(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+	isEven := Filter(func(x int) bool { return x%2 == 0 })
+	result := toSlice(isEven(seq))
+	assert.Equal(t, []int{2, 4}, result)
+}
+
+func TestMonadFilterWithIndex(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := From("a", "b", "c", "d")
+	oddIndices := MonadFilterWithIndex(seq, func(i int, _ string) bool { return i%2 == 1 })
+	result := toSlice(oddIndices)
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"b", "d"}, result)
+}
+
+func TestFilterWithIndex(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := From("a", "b", "c", "d")
+	oddIndexFilter := FilterWithIndex(func(i int, _ string) bool { return i%2 == 1 })
+	result := toSlice(oddIndexFilter(seq))
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"b", "d"}, result)
+}
+
+func TestMonadFilterWithKey(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := Of2("x", 10)
+	filtered := MonadFilterWithKey(seq, func(k string, v int) bool { return v > 5 })
+	result := toMap(filtered)
+	assert.Equal(t, map[string]int{"x": 10}, result)
+
+	seq2 := Of2("y", 3)
+	filtered2 := MonadFilterWithKey(seq2, func(k string, v int) bool { return v > 5 })
+	result2 := toMap(filtered2)
+	assert.Equal(t, map[string]int{}, result2)
+}
+
+func TestFilterWithKey(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := Of2("x", 10)
+	filter := FilterWithKey(func(k string, v int) bool { return v > 5 })
+	result := toMap(filter(seq))
+	assert.Equal(t, map[string]int{"x": 10}, result)
+}
+
+func TestMonadFilterMap(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4)
+	result := MonadFilterMap(seq, func(x int) Option[int] {
+		if x%2 == 0 {
+			return O.Some(x * 10)
+		}
+		return O.None[int]()
+	})
+	assert.Equal(t, []int{20, 40}, toSlice(result))
+}
+
+func TestFilterMap(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4)
+	filterMapper := FilterMap(func(x int) Option[int] {
+		if x%2 == 0 {
+			return O.Some(x * 10)
+		}
+		return O.None[int]()
+	})
+	result := toSlice(filterMapper(seq))
+	assert.Equal(t, []int{20, 40}, result)
+}
+
+func TestMonadFilterMapWithIndex(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := From("a", "b", "c")
+	result := MonadFilterMapWithIndex(seq, func(i int, s string) Option[string] {
+		if i%2 == 0 {
+			return O.Some(strings.ToUpper(s))
+		}
+		return O.None[string]()
+	})
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"A", "C"}, toSlice(result))
+}
+
+func TestFilterMapWithIndex(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := From("a", "b", "c")
+	filterMapper := FilterMapWithIndex(func(i int, s string) Option[string] {
+		if i%2 == 0 {
+			return O.Some(strings.ToUpper(s))
+		}
+		return O.None[string]()
+	})
+	result := toSlice(filterMapper(seq))
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"A", "C"}, result)
+}
+
+func TestMonadFilterMapWithKey(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := Of2("x", 10)
+	result := MonadFilterMapWithKey(seq, func(k string, v int) Option[int] {
+		if v > 5 {
+			return O.Some(v * 2)
+		}
+		return O.None[int]()
+	})
+	assert.Equal(t, map[string]int{"x": 20}, toMap(result))
+}
+
+func TestFilterMapWithKey(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := Of2("x", 10)
+	filterMapper := FilterMapWithKey(func(k string, v int) Option[int] {
+		if v > 5 {
+			return O.Some(v * 2)
+		}
+		return O.None[int]()
+	})
+	result := toMap(filterMapper(seq))
+	assert.Equal(t, map[string]int{"x": 20}, result)
+}
+
+func TestMonadChain(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := From(1, 2)
+	result := MonadChain(seq, func(x int) Seq[int] {
+		return From(x, x*10)
+	})
+	assert.Equal(t, []int{1, 10, 2, 20}, toSlice(result))
+}
+
+func TestChain(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := From(1, 2)
+	chainer := Chain(func(x int) Seq[int] {
+		return From(x, x*10)
+	})
+	result := toSlice(chainer(seq))
+	assert.Equal(t, []int{1, 10, 2, 20}, result)
+}
+
+func TestFlatten(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := From(From(1, 2), From(3, 4))
+	result := Flatten(seq)
+	assert.Equal(t, []int{1, 2, 3, 4}, toSlice(result))
+}
+
+func TestMonadAp(t *testing.T) {
+	fns := From(
+		func(x int) int { return x * 2 },
+		func(x int) int { return x + 10 },
+	)
+	vals := From(1, 2)
+	result := MonadAp(fns, vals)
+	assert.Equal(t, []int{2, 4, 11, 12}, toSlice(result))
+}
+
+func TestAp(t *testing.T) {
+	fns := From(
+		func(x int) int { return x * 2 },
+		func(x int) int { return x + 10 },
+	)
+	vals := From(1, 2)
+	applier := Ap[int](vals)
+	result := toSlice(applier(fns))
+	assert.Equal(t, []int{2, 4, 11, 12}, result)
+}
+
+func TestApCurried(t *testing.T) {
+	f := F.Curry3(func(s1 string, n int, s2 string) string {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%s-%d-%s", s1, n, s2)
+	})
+
+	result := F.Pipe4(
+		Of(f),
+		Ap[func(int) func(string) string](From("a", "b")),
+		Ap[func(string) string](From(1, 2)),
+		Ap[string](From("c", "d")),
+		toSlice[string],
+	)
+
+	expected := []string{"a-1-c", "a-1-d", "a-2-c", "a-2-d", "b-1-c", "b-1-d", "b-2-c", "b-2-d"}
+	assert.Equal(t, expected, result)
+}
+
+func TestMakeBy(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := MakeBy(5, func(i int) int { return i * i })
+	result := toSlice(seq)
+	assert.Equal(t, []int{0, 1, 4, 9, 16}, result)
+}
+
+func TestMakeByZero(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := MakeBy(0, func(i int) int { return i })
+	result := toSlice(seq)
+	assert.Empty(t, result)
+}
+
+func TestMakeByNegative(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := MakeBy(-5, func(i int) int { return i })
+	result := toSlice(seq)
+	assert.Empty(t, result)
+}
+
+func TestReplicate(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := Replicate(3, "hello")
+	result := toSlice(seq)
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"hello", "hello", "hello"}, result)
+}
+
+func TestMonadReduce(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4)
+	sum := MonadReduce(seq, func(acc, x int) int { return acc + x }, 0)
+	assert.Equal(t, 10, sum)
+}
+
+func TestReduce(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4)
+	sum := Reduce(func(acc, x int) int { return acc + x }, 0)
+	result := sum(seq)
+	assert.Equal(t, 10, result)
+}
+
+func TestMonadReduceWithIndex(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := From(10, 20, 30)
+	result := MonadReduceWithIndex(seq, func(i, acc, x int) int {
+		return acc + (i * x)
+	}, 0)
+	// 0*10 + 1*20 + 2*30 = 0 + 20 + 60 = 80
+	assert.Equal(t, 80, result)
+}
+
+func TestReduceWithIndex(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := From(10, 20, 30)
+	reducer := ReduceWithIndex(func(i, acc, x int) int {
+		return acc + (i * x)
+	}, 0)
+	result := reducer(seq)
+	assert.Equal(t, 80, result)
+}
+
+func TestMonadReduceWithKey(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := Of2("x", 10)
+	result := MonadReduceWithKey(seq, func(k string, acc, v int) int {
+		return acc + v
+	}, 0)
+	assert.Equal(t, 10, result)
+}
+
+func TestReduceWithKey(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := Of2("x", 10)
+	reducer := ReduceWithKey(func(k string, acc, v int) int {
+		return acc + v
+	}, 0)
+	result := reducer(seq)
+	assert.Equal(t, 10, result)
+}
+
+func TestMonadFold(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := From("Hello", " ", "World")
+	result := MonadFold(seq, S.Monoid)
+	assert.Equal(t, "Hello World", result)
+}
+
+func TestFold(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := From("Hello", " ", "World")
+	folder := Fold(S.Monoid)
+	result := folder(seq)
+	assert.Equal(t, "Hello World", result)
+}
+
+func TestMonadFoldMap(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := From(1, 2, 3)
+	result := MonadFoldMap(seq, func(x int) string {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%d", x)
+	}, S.Monoid)
+	assert.Equal(t, "123", result)
+}
+
+func TestFoldMap(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := From(1, 2, 3)
+	folder := FoldMap[int](S.Monoid)(func(x int) string {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%d", x)
+	})
+	result := folder(seq)
+	assert.Equal(t, "123", result)
+}
+
+func TestMonadFoldMapWithIndex(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := From("a", "b", "c")
+	result := MonadFoldMapWithIndex(seq, func(i int, s string) string {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%d:%s ", i, s)
+	}, S.Monoid)
+	assert.Equal(t, "0:a 1:b 2:c ", result)
+}
+
+func TestFoldMapWithIndex(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := From("a", "b", "c")
+	folder := FoldMapWithIndex[string](S.Monoid)(func(i int, s string) string {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%d:%s ", i, s)
+	})
+	result := folder(seq)
+	assert.Equal(t, "0:a 1:b 2:c ", result)
+}
+
+func TestMonadFoldMapWithKey(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := Of2("x", 10)
+	result := MonadFoldMapWithKey(seq, func(k string, v int) string {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d ", k, v)
+	}, S.Monoid)
+	assert.Equal(t, "x:10 ", result)
+}
+
+func TestFoldMapWithKey(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := Of2("x", 10)
+	folder := FoldMapWithKey[string, int](S.Monoid)(func(k string, v int) string {
+		return fmt.Sprintf("%s:%d ", k, v)
+	})
+	result := folder(seq)
+	assert.Equal(t, "x:10 ", result)
+}
+
+func TestMonadFlap(t *testing.T) {
+	fns := From(
+		func(x int) int { return x * 2 },
+		func(x int) int { return x + 10 },
+	)
+	result := MonadFlap(fns, 5)
+	assert.Equal(t, []int{10, 15}, toSlice(result))
+}
+
+func TestFlap(t *testing.T) {
+	fns := From(
+		func(x int) int { return x * 2 },
+		func(x int) int { return x + 10 },
+	)
+	flapper := Flap[int](5)
+	result := toSlice(flapper(fns))
+	assert.Equal(t, []int{10, 15}, result)
+}
+
+func TestPrepend(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := From(2, 3, 4)
+	result := Prepend(1)(seq)
+	assert.Equal(t, []int{1, 2, 3, 4}, toSlice(result))
+}
+
+func TestAppend(t *testing.T) {
+	seq := From(1, 2, 3)
+	result := Append(4)(seq)
+	assert.Equal(t, []int{1, 2, 3, 4}, toSlice(result))
+}
+
+func TestMonadZip(t *testing.T) {
+	seqA := From(1, 2, 3)
+	seqB := From("a", "b")
+	result := MonadZip(seqB, seqA)
+
+	var pairs []string
+	for a, b := range result {
+		pairs = append(pairs, fmt.Sprintf("%d:%s", a, b))
+	}
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"1:a", "2:b"}, pairs)
+}
+
+func TestZip(t *testing.T) {
+	seqA := From(1, 2, 3)
+	seqB := From("a", "b", "c")
+	zipWithA := Zip[int, string](seqA)
+	result := zipWithA(seqB)
+
+	var pairs []string
+	for a, b := range result {
+		pairs = append(pairs, fmt.Sprintf("%d:%s", a, b))
+	}
+	assert.Equal(t, []string{"1:a", "2:b", "3:c"}, pairs)
+}
+
+func TestMonoid(t *testing.T) {
+	m := Monoid[int]()
+	seq1 := From(1, 2)
+	seq2 := From(3, 4)
+	result := m.Concat(seq1, seq2)
+	assert.Equal(t, []int{1, 2, 3, 4}, toSlice(result))
+}
+
+func TestMonoidEmpty(t *testing.T) {
+	m := Monoid[int]()
+	empty := m.Empty()
+	assert.Empty(t, toSlice(empty))
+}
+
+func TestMonoidAssociativity(t *testing.T) {
+	m := Monoid[int]()
+	seq1 := From(1, 2)
+	seq2 := From(3, 4)
+	seq3 := From(5, 6)
+
+	// (seq1 + seq2) + seq3
+	left := m.Concat(m.Concat(seq1, seq2), seq3)
+	// seq1 + (seq2 + seq3)
+	right := m.Concat(seq1, m.Concat(seq2, seq3))
+
+	assert.Equal(t, toSlice(left), toSlice(right))
+}
+
+func TestMonoidIdentity(t *testing.T) {
+	m := Monoid[int]()
+	seq := From(1, 2, 3)
+	empty := m.Empty()
+
+	// seq + empty = seq
+	leftIdentity := m.Concat(seq, empty)
+	assert.Equal(t, []int{1, 2, 3}, toSlice(leftIdentity))
+
+	// empty + seq = seq
+	rightIdentity := m.Concat(empty, seq)
+	assert.Equal(t, []int{1, 2, 3}, toSlice(rightIdentity))
+}
+
+func TestPipelineComposition(t *testing.T) {
+	// Test a complex pipeline
+	result := F.Pipe4(
+		From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6),
+		Filter(func(x int) bool { return x%2 == 0 }),
+		Map(func(x int) int { return x * 10 }),
+		Prepend(0),
+		toSlice[int],
+	)
+	assert.Equal(t, []int{0, 20, 40, 60}, result)
+}
+
+func TestLazyEvaluation(t *testing.T) {
+	// Test that operations are lazy
+	callCount := 0
+	seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+	mapped := MonadMap(seq, func(x int) int {
+		callCount++
+		return x * 2
+	})
+
+	// No calls yet since we haven't iterated
+	assert.Equal(t, 0, callCount)
+
+	// Iterate only first 2 elements
+	count := 0
+	for range mapped {
+		count++
+		if count == 2 {
+			break
+		}
+	}
+
+	// Should have called the function only twice
+	assert.Equal(t, 2, callCount)
+}
+
+func ExampleFoldMap() {
+	seq := From("a", "b", "c")
+	fold := FoldMap[string](S.Monoid)(strings.ToUpper)
+	result := fold(seq)
+	fmt.Println(result)
+	// Output: ABC
+}
+
+func ExampleChain() {
+	seq := From(1, 2)
+	result := F.Pipe2(
+		seq,
+		Chain(func(x int) Seq[int] {
+			return From(x, x*10)
+		}),
+		toSlice[int],
+	)
+	fmt.Println(result)
+	// Output: [1 10 2 20]
+}
+
+func ExampleMonoid() {
+	m := Monoid[int]()
+	seq1 := From(1, 2, 3)
+	seq2 := From(4, 5, 6)
+	combined := m.Concat(seq1, seq2)
+	result := toSlice(combined)
+	fmt.Println(result)
+	// Output: [1 2 3 4 5 6]
+}
--- a/v2/iterator/iter/monid.go
+++ b/v2/iterator/iter/monid.go
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2023 - 2025 IBM Corp.
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package iter
+
+import (
+	M "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/monoid"
+)
+
+// concat concatenates two sequences, yielding all elements from left followed by all elements from right.
+func concat[T any](left, right Seq[T]) Seq[T] {
+	return func(yield Predicate[T]) {
+		for t := range left {
+			if !yield(t) {
+				return
+			}
+		}
+		for t := range right {
+			if !yield(t) {
+				return
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Monoid returns a Monoid instance for Seq[T].
+// The monoid's concat operation concatenates sequences, and the empty value is an empty sequence.
+//
+// Example:
+//
+//	m := Monoid[int]()
+//	seq1 := From(1, 2)
+//	seq2 := From(3, 4)
+//	result := m.Concat(seq1, seq2)
+//	// yields: 1, 2, 3, 4
+//
+//go:inline
+func Monoid[T any]() M.Monoid[Seq[T]] {
+	return M.MakeMonoid(concat[T], Empty[T]())
+}
--- a/v2/iterator/iter/types.go
+++ b/v2/iterator/iter/types.go
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2023 - 2025 IBM Corp.
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package iter
+
+import (
+	I "iter"
+
+	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/iterator/stateless"
+	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/optics/lens/option"
+	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/predicate"
+)
+
+type (
+	// Option represents an optional value, either Some(value) or None.
+	Option[A any] = option.Option[A]
+
+	// Seq is a single-value iterator sequence from Go 1.23+.
+	// It represents a lazy sequence of values that can be iterated using range.
+	Seq[T any] = I.Seq[T]
+
+	// Seq2 is a key-value iterator sequence from Go 1.23+.
+	// It represents a lazy sequence of key-value pairs that can be iterated using range.
+	Seq2[K, V any] = I.Seq2[K, V]
+
+	// Iterator is a stateless iterator type.
+	Iterator[T any] = stateless.Iterator[T]
+
+	// Predicate is a function that tests a value and returns a boolean.
+	Predicate[T any] = predicate.Predicate[T]
+
+	// Kleisli represents a function that takes a value and returns a sequence.
+	// This is the monadic bind operation for sequences.
+	Kleisli[A, B any] = func(A) Seq[B]
+
+	// Kleisli2 represents a function that takes a value and returns a key-value sequence.
+	Kleisli2[K, A, B any] = func(A) Seq2[K, B]
+
+	// Operator represents a transformation from one sequence to another.
+	// It's a function that takes a Seq[A] and returns a Seq[B].
+	Operator[A, B any] = Kleisli[Seq[A], B]
+
+	// Operator2 represents a transformation from one key-value sequence to another.
+	Operator2[K, A, B any] = Kleisli2[K, Seq2[K, A], B]
+)
--- a/v2/iterator/stateless/any.go
+++ b/v2/iterator/stateless/any.go
@@ -21,6 +21,6 @@ import (

 // Any returns `true` if any element of the iterable is `true`. If the iterable is empty, return `false`
 // Similar to the [https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#any] function
-func Any[U any](pred func(U) bool) func(ma Iterator[U]) bool {
+func Any[U any](pred Predicate[U]) Predicate[Iterator[U]] {
 	return G.Any[Iterator[U]](pred)
 }
--- a/v2/iterator/stateless/bind.go
+++ b/v2/iterator/stateless/bind.go
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ func Do[S any](
 func Bind[S1, S2, T any](
 	setter func(T) func(S1) S2,
 	f Kleisli[S1, T],
-) Kleisli[Iterator[S1], S2] {
+) Operator[S1, S2] {
 	return G.Bind[Iterator[S1], Iterator[S2]](setter, f)
 }

@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ func Bind[S1, S2, T any](
 func Let[S1, S2, T any](
 	setter func(T) func(S1) S2,
 	f func(S1) T,
-) Kleisli[Iterator[S1], S2] {
+) Operator[S1, S2] {
 	return G.Let[Iterator[S1], Iterator[S2]](setter, f)
 }

@@ -88,14 +88,14 @@ func Let[S1, S2, T any](
 func LetTo[S1, S2, T any](
 	setter func(T) func(S1) S2,
 	b T,
-) Kleisli[Iterator[S1], S2] {
+) Operator[S1, S2] {
 	return G.LetTo[Iterator[S1], Iterator[S2]](setter, b)
 }

 // BindTo initializes a new state [S1] from a value [T]
 func BindTo[S1, T any](
 	setter func(T) S1,
-) Kleisli[Iterator[T], S1] {
+) Operator[T, S1] {
 	return G.BindTo[Iterator[S1], Iterator[T]](setter)
 }

@@ -135,6 +135,6 @@ func BindTo[S1, T any](
 func ApS[S1, S2, T any](
 	setter func(T) func(S1) S2,
 	fa Iterator[T],
-) Kleisli[Iterator[S1], S2] {
+) Operator[S1, S2] {
 	return G.ApS[Iterator[func(T) S2], Iterator[S1], Iterator[S2]](setter, fa)
 }
--- a/v2/iterator/stateless/compress.go
+++ b/v2/iterator/stateless/compress.go
@@ -17,11 +17,10 @@ package stateless

 import (
 	G "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/iterator/stateless/generic"
-	P "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/pair"
 )

 // Compress returns an [Iterator] that filters elements from a data [Iterator] returning only those that have a corresponding element in selector [Iterator] that evaluates to `true`.
 // Stops when either the data or selectors iterator has been exhausted.
-func Compress[U any](sel Iterator[bool]) Kleisli[Iterator[U], U] {
-	return G.Compress[Iterator[U], Iterator[bool], Iterator[P.Pair[U, bool]]](sel)
+func Compress[U any](sel Iterator[bool]) Operator[U, U] {
+	return G.Compress[Iterator[U], Iterator[bool], Iterator[Pair[U, bool]]](sel)
 }
--- a/v2/iterator/stateless/dropwhile.go
+++ b/v2/iterator/stateless/dropwhile.go
@@ -21,6 +21,6 @@ import (

 // DropWhile creates an [Iterator] that drops elements from the [Iterator] as long as the predicate is true; afterwards, returns every element.
 // Note, the [Iterator] does not produce any output until the predicate first becomes false
-func DropWhile[U any](pred func(U) bool) Kleisli[Iterator[U], U] {
+func DropWhile[U any](pred Predicate[U]) Operator[U, U] {
 	return G.DropWhile[Iterator[U]](pred)
 }
--- a/v2/iterator/stateless/first.go
+++ b/v2/iterator/stateless/first.go
@@ -17,10 +17,9 @@ package stateless

 import (
 	G "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/iterator/stateless/generic"
-	O "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/option"
 )

 // First returns the first item in an iterator if such an item exists
-func First[U any](mu Iterator[U]) O.Option[U] {
+func First[U any](mu Iterator[U]) Option[U] {
 	return G.First(mu)
 }
--- a/v2/iterator/stateless/generic/any.go
+++ b/v2/iterator/stateless/generic/any.go
@@ -18,11 +18,10 @@ package generic
 import (
 	F "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/function"
 	O "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/option"
-	P "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/pair"
 )

 // Any returns `true` if any element of the iterable is `true`. If the iterable is empty, return `false`
-func Any[GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], FCT ~func(U) bool, U any](pred FCT) func(ma GU) bool {
+func Any[GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, U]], FCT ~Predicate[U], U any](pred FCT) func(ma GU) bool {
 	return F.Flow3(
 		Filter[GU](pred),
 		First[GU],
--- a/v2/iterator/stateless/generic/bind.go
+++ b/v2/iterator/stateless/generic/bind.go
@@ -19,8 +19,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/internal/apply"
 	C "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/internal/chain"
 	F "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/internal/functor"
-	O "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/option"
-	P "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/pair"
 )

 // Do creates an empty context of type [S] to be used with the [Bind] operation.
@@ -33,7 +31,7 @@ import (
 //	    Y int
 //	}
 //	result := generic.Do[Iterator[State]](State{})
-func Do[GS ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GS, S]], S any](
+func Do[GS ~func() Option[Pair[GS, S]], S any](
 	empty S,
 ) GS {
 	return Of[GS](empty)
@@ -73,7 +71,7 @@ func Do[GS ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GS, S]], S any](
 //	        },
 //	    ),
 //	) // Produces: {1,10}, {1,20}, {2,20}, {2,40}, {3,30}, {3,60}
-func Bind[GS1 ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GS1, S1]], GS2 ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GS2, S2]], GA ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GA, A]], S1, S2, A any](
+func Bind[GS1 ~func() Option[Pair[GS1, S1]], GS2 ~func() Option[Pair[GS2, S2]], GA ~func() Option[Pair[GA, A]], S1, S2, A any](
 	setter func(A) func(S1) S2,
 	f func(S1) GA,
 ) func(GS1) GS2 {
@@ -87,7 +85,7 @@ func Bind[GS1 ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GS1, S1]], GS2 ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GS2
 }

 // Let attaches the result of a computation to a context [S1] to produce a context [S2]
-func Let[GS1 ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GS1, S1]], GS2 ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GS2, S2]], S1, S2, A any](
+func Let[GS1 ~func() Option[Pair[GS1, S1]], GS2 ~func() Option[Pair[GS2, S2]], S1, S2, A any](
 	key func(A) func(S1) S2,
 	f func(S1) A,
 ) func(GS1) GS2 {
@@ -99,7 +97,7 @@ func Let[GS1 ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GS1, S1]], GS2 ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GS2,
 }

 // LetTo attaches the a value to a context [S1] to produce a context [S2]
-func LetTo[GS1 ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GS1, S1]], GS2 ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GS2, S2]], S1, S2, B any](
+func LetTo[GS1 ~func() Option[Pair[GS1, S1]], GS2 ~func() Option[Pair[GS2, S2]], S1, S2, B any](
 	key func(B) func(S1) S2,
 	b B,
 ) func(GS1) GS2 {
@@ -111,7 +109,7 @@ func LetTo[GS1 ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GS1, S1]], GS2 ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GS
 }

 // BindTo initializes a new state [S1] from a value [T]
-func BindTo[GS1 ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GS1, S1]], GA ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GA, A]], S1, A any](
+func BindTo[GS1 ~func() Option[Pair[GS1, S1]], GA ~func() Option[Pair[GA, A]], S1, A any](
 	setter func(A) S1,
 ) func(GA) GS1 {
 	return C.BindTo(
@@ -153,7 +151,7 @@ func BindTo[GS1 ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GS1, S1]], GA ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GA
 //	        yIter,
 //	    ),
 //	) // Produces: {1,"a"}, {1,"b"}, {2,"a"}, {2,"b"}, {3,"a"}, {3,"b"}
-func ApS[GAS2 ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GAS2, func(A) S2]], GS1 ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GS1, S1]], GS2 ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GS2, S2]], GA ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GA, A]], S1, S2, A any](
+func ApS[GAS2 ~func() Option[Pair[GAS2, func(A) S2]], GS1 ~func() Option[Pair[GS1, S1]], GS2 ~func() Option[Pair[GS2, S2]], GA ~func() Option[Pair[GA, A]], S1, S2, A any](
 	setter func(A) func(S1) S2,
 	fa GA,
 ) func(GS1) GS2 {
--- a/v2/iterator/stateless/generic/compress.go
+++ b/v2/iterator/stateless/generic/compress.go
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ import (

 // Compress returns an [Iterator] that filters elements from a data [Iterator] returning only those that have a corresponding element in selector [Iterator] that evaluates to `true`.
 // Stops when either the data or selectors iterator has been exhausted.
-func Compress[GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], GB ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GB, bool]], CS ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[CS, P.Pair[U, bool]]], U any](sel GB) func(GU) GU {
+func Compress[GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, U]], GB ~func() Option[Pair[GB, bool]], CS ~func() Option[Pair[CS, Pair[U, bool]]], U any](sel GB) func(GU) GU {
 	return F.Flow2(
 		Zip[GU, GB, CS](sel),
 		FilterMap[GU, CS](F.Flow2(
--- a/v2/iterator/stateless/generic/cycle.go
+++ b/v2/iterator/stateless/generic/cycle.go
@@ -21,9 +21,9 @@ import (
 	P "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/pair"
 )

-func Cycle[GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], U any](ma GU) GU {
+func Cycle[GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, U]], U any](ma GU) GU {
 	// avoid cyclic references
-	var m func(O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]]) O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]]
+	var m func(Option[Pair[GU, U]]) Option[Pair[GU, U]]

 	recurse := func(mu GU) GU {
 		return F.Nullary2(
@@ -32,11 +32,11 @@ func Cycle[GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], U any](ma GU) GU {
 		)
 	}

-	m = O.Fold(func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]] {
+	m = O.Fold(func() Option[Pair[GU, U]] {
 		return recurse(ma)()
 	}, F.Flow2(
 		P.BiMap(recurse, F.Identity[U]),
-		O.Of[P.Pair[GU, U]],
+		O.Of[Pair[GU, U]],
 	))

 	return recurse(ma)
--- a/v2/iterator/stateless/generic/dropwhile.go
+++ b/v2/iterator/stateless/generic/dropwhile.go
@@ -24,9 +24,9 @@ import (

 // DropWhile creates an [Iterator] that drops elements from the [Iterator] as long as the predicate is true; afterwards, returns every element.
 // Note, the [Iterator] does not produce any output until the predicate first becomes false
-func DropWhile[GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], U any](pred func(U) bool) func(GU) GU {
+func DropWhile[GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, U]], U any](pred Predicate[U]) func(GU) GU {
 	// avoid cyclic references
-	var m func(O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]]) O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]]
+	var m func(Option[Pair[GU, U]]) Option[Pair[GU, U]]

 	fromPred := O.FromPredicate(PR.Not(PR.ContraMap(P.Tail[GU, U])(pred)))

@@ -37,11 +37,11 @@ func DropWhile[GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], U any](pred func(U) bool) fun
 		)
 	}

-	m = O.Chain(func(t P.Pair[GU, U]) O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]] {
+	m = O.Chain(func(t Pair[GU, U]) Option[Pair[GU, U]] {
 		return F.Pipe2(
 			t,
 			fromPred,
-			O.Fold(recurse(Next(t)), O.Of[P.Pair[GU, U]]),
+			O.Fold(recurse(Next(t)), O.Of[Pair[GU, U]]),
 		)
 	})

--- a/v2/iterator/stateless/generic/first.go
+++ b/v2/iterator/stateless/generic/first.go
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ import (
 )

 // First returns the first item in an iterator if such an item exists
-func First[GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], U any](mu GU) O.Option[U] {
+func First[GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, U]], U any](mu GU) Option[U] {
 	return F.Pipe1(
 		mu(),
 		O.Map(P.Tail[GU, U]),
--- a/v2/iterator/stateless/generic/io.go
+++ b/v2/iterator/stateless/generic/io.go
@@ -23,12 +23,12 @@ import (
 )

 // FromLazy returns an iterator on top of a lazy function
-func FromLazy[GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], LZ ~func() U, U any](l LZ) GU {
+func FromLazy[GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, U]], LZ ~func() U, U any](l LZ) GU {
 	return F.Pipe1(
 		l,
 		L.Map[LZ, GU](F.Flow2(
 			F.Bind1st(P.MakePair[GU, U], Empty[GU]()),
-			O.Of[P.Pair[GU, U]],
+			O.Of[Pair[GU, U]],
 		)),
 	)
 }
--- a/v2/iterator/stateless/generic/iterator.go
+++ b/v2/iterator/stateless/generic/iterator.go
@@ -27,42 +27,42 @@ import (
 	P "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/pair"
 )

-// Next returns the iterator for the next element in an iterator `P.Pair`
-func Next[GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], U any](m P.Pair[GU, U]) GU {
+// Next returns the iterator for the next element in an iterator `Pair`
+func Next[GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, U]], U any](m Pair[GU, U]) GU {
 	return P.Head(m)
 }

-// Current returns the current element in an iterator `P.Pair`
-func Current[GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], U any](m P.Pair[GU, U]) U {
+// Current returns the current element in an iterator `Pair`
+func Current[GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, U]], U any](m Pair[GU, U]) U {
 	return P.Tail(m)
 }

 // From constructs an array from a set of variadic arguments
-func From[GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], U any](data ...U) GU {
+func From[GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, U]], U any](data ...U) GU {
 	return FromArray[GU](data)
 }

 // Empty returns the empty iterator
-func Empty[GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], U any]() GU {
+func Empty[GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, U]], U any]() GU {
 	return IO.None[GU]()
 }

 // Of returns an iterator with one single element
-func Of[GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], U any](a U) GU {
+func Of[GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, U]], U any](a U) GU {
 	return IO.Of[GU](P.MakePair(Empty[GU](), a))
 }

 // FromArray returns an iterator from multiple elements
-func FromArray[GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], US ~[]U, U any](as US) GU {
+func FromArray[GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, U]], US ~[]U, U any](as US) GU {
 	return A.MatchLeft(Empty[GU], func(head U, tail US) GU {
-		return func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]] {
+		return func() Option[Pair[GU, U]] {
 			return O.Of(P.MakePair(FromArray[GU](tail), head))
 		}
 	})(as)
 }

 // reduce applies a function for each value of the iterator with a floating result
-func reduce[GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], U, V any](as GU, f func(V, U) V, initial V) V {
+func reduce[GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, U]], U, V any](as GU, f func(V, U) V, initial V) V {
 	next, ok := O.Unwrap(as())
 	current := initial
 	for ok {
@@ -74,18 +74,18 @@ func reduce[GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], U, V any](as GU, f func(V, U) V,
 }

 // Reduce applies a function for each value of the iterator with a floating result
-func Reduce[GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], U, V any](f func(V, U) V, initial V) func(GU) V {
+func Reduce[GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, U]], U, V any](f func(V, U) V, initial V) func(GU) V {
 	return F.Bind23of3(reduce[GU, U, V])(f, initial)
 }

 // ToArray converts the iterator to an array
-func ToArray[GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], US ~[]U, U any](u GU) US {
+func ToArray[GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, U]], US ~[]U, U any](u GU) US {
 	return Reduce[GU](A.Append[US], A.Empty[US]())(u)
 }

-func Map[GV ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GV, V]], GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], FCT ~func(U) V, U, V any](f FCT) func(ma GU) GV {
+func Map[GV ~func() Option[Pair[GV, V]], GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, U]], FCT ~func(U) V, U, V any](f FCT) func(ma GU) GV {
 	// pre-declare to avoid cyclic reference
-	var m func(O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]]) O.Option[P.Pair[GV, V]]
+	var m func(Option[Pair[GU, U]]) Option[Pair[GV, V]]

 	recurse := func(ma GU) GV {
 		return F.Nullary2(
@@ -99,12 +99,12 @@ func Map[GV ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GV, V]], GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]],
 	return recurse
 }

-func MonadMap[GV ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GV, V]], GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], U, V any](ma GU, f func(U) V) GV {
+func MonadMap[GV ~func() Option[Pair[GV, V]], GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, U]], U, V any](ma GU, f func(U) V) GV {
 	return Map[GV, GU](f)(ma)
 }

-func concat[GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], U any](right, left GU) GU {
-	var m func(ma O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]]) O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]]
+func concat[GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, U]], U any](right, left GU) GU {
+	var m func(ma Option[Pair[GU, U]]) Option[Pair[GU, U]]

 	recurse := func(left GU) GU {
 		return F.Nullary2(left, m)
@@ -114,15 +114,15 @@ func concat[GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], U any](right, left GU) GU {
 		right,
 		F.Flow2(
 			P.BiMap(recurse, F.Identity[U]),
-			O.Some[P.Pair[GU, U]],
+			O.Some[Pair[GU, U]],
 		))

 	return recurse(left)
 }

-func Chain[GV ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GV, V]], GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], U, V any](f func(U) GV) func(GU) GV {
+func Chain[GV ~func() Option[Pair[GV, V]], GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, U]], U, V any](f func(U) GV) func(GU) GV {
 	// pre-declare to avoid cyclic reference
-	var m func(O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]]) O.Option[P.Pair[GV, V]]
+	var m func(Option[Pair[GU, U]]) Option[Pair[GV, V]]

 	recurse := func(ma GU) GV {
 		return F.Nullary2(
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ func Chain[GV ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GV, V]], GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]
 		F.Flow3(
 			P.BiMap(recurse, f),
 			P.Paired(concat[GV]),
-			func(v GV) O.Option[P.Pair[GV, V]] {
+			func(v GV) Option[Pair[GV, V]] {
 				return v()
 			},
 		),
@@ -143,11 +143,11 @@ func Chain[GV ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GV, V]], GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]
 	return recurse
 }

-func MonadChain[GV ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GV, V]], GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], U, V any](ma GU, f func(U) GV) GV {
+func MonadChain[GV ~func() Option[Pair[GV, V]], GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, U]], U, V any](ma GU, f func(U) GV) GV {
 	return Chain[GV, GU](f)(ma)
 }

-func MonadChainFirst[GV ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GV, V]], GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], U, V any](ma GU, f func(U) GV) GU {
+func MonadChainFirst[GV ~func() Option[Pair[GV, V]], GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, U]], U, V any](ma GU, f func(U) GV) GU {
 	return C.MonadChainFirst(
 		MonadChain[GU, GU, U, U],
 		MonadMap[GU, GV, V, U],
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ func MonadChainFirst[GV ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GV, V]], GU ~func() O.Option[P.P
 	)
 }

-func ChainFirst[GV ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GV, V]], GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], U, V any](f func(U) GV) func(GU) GU {
+func ChainFirst[GV ~func() Option[Pair[GV, V]], GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, U]], U, V any](f func(U) GV) func(GU) GU {
 	return C.ChainFirst(
 		Chain[GU, GU, U, U],
 		Map[GU, GV, func(V) U, V, U],
@@ -164,14 +164,14 @@ func ChainFirst[GV ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GV, V]], GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[G
 	)
 }

-func Flatten[GV ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GV, GU]], GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], U any](ma GV) GU {
+func Flatten[GV ~func() Option[Pair[GV, GU]], GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, U]], U any](ma GV) GU {
 	return MonadChain(ma, F.Identity[GU])
 }

 // MakeBy returns an [Iterator] with an infinite number of elements initialized with `f(i)`
-func MakeBy[GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], FCT ~func(int) U, U any](f FCT) GU {
+func MakeBy[GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, U]], FCT ~func(int) U, U any](f FCT) GU {

-	var m func(int) O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]]
+	var m func(int) Option[Pair[GU, U]]

 	recurse := func(i int) GU {
 		return F.Nullary2(
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ func MakeBy[GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], FCT ~func(int) U, U any](f FCT)
 			utils.Inc,
 			recurse),
 			f),
-		O.Of[P.Pair[GU, U]],
+		O.Of[Pair[GU, U]],
 	)

 	// bootstrap
@@ -194,13 +194,13 @@ func MakeBy[GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], FCT ~func(int) U, U any](f FCT)
 }

 // Replicate creates an infinite [Iterator] containing a value.
-func Replicate[GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], U any](a U) GU {
+func Replicate[GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, U]], U any](a U) GU {
 	return MakeBy[GU](F.Constant1[int](a))
 }

 // Repeat creates an [Iterator] containing a value repeated the specified number of times.
 // Alias of [Replicate] combined with [Take]
-func Repeat[GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], U any](n int, a U) GU {
+func Repeat[GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, U]], U any](n int, a U) GU {
 	return F.Pipe2(
 		a,
 		Replicate[GU],
@@ -209,13 +209,13 @@ func Repeat[GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], U any](n int, a U) GU {
 }

 // Count creates an [Iterator] containing a consecutive sequence of integers starting with the provided start value
-func Count[GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, int]]](start int) GU {
+func Count[GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, int]]](start int) GU {
 	return MakeBy[GU](N.Add(start))
 }

-func FilterMap[GV ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GV, V]], GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], FCT ~func(U) O.Option[V], U, V any](f FCT) func(ma GU) GV {
+func FilterMap[GV ~func() Option[Pair[GV, V]], GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, U]], FCT ~func(U) Option[V], U, V any](f FCT) func(ma GU) GV {
 	// pre-declare to avoid cyclic reference
-	var m func(O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]]) O.Option[P.Pair[GV, V]]
+	var m func(Option[Pair[GU, U]]) Option[Pair[GV, V]]

 	recurse := func(ma GU) GV {
 		return F.Nullary2(
@@ -226,11 +226,11 @@ func FilterMap[GV ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GV, V]], GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU

 	m = O.Fold(
 		Empty[GV](),
-		func(t P.Pair[GU, U]) O.Option[P.Pair[GV, V]] {
+		func(t Pair[GU, U]) Option[Pair[GV, V]] {
 			r := recurse(Next(t))
 			return O.MonadFold(f(Current(t)), r, F.Flow2(
 				F.Bind1st(P.MakePair[GV, V], r),
-				O.Some[P.Pair[GV, V]],
+				O.Some[Pair[GV, V]],
 			))
 		},
 	)
@@ -238,26 +238,26 @@ func FilterMap[GV ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GV, V]], GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU
 	return recurse
 }

-func Filter[GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], FCT ~func(U) bool, U any](f FCT) func(ma GU) GU {
+func Filter[GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, U]], FCT ~Predicate[U], U any](f FCT) func(ma GU) GU {
 	return FilterMap[GU, GU](O.FromPredicate(f))
 }

-func Ap[GUV ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GUV, func(U) V]], GV ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GV, V]], GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], U, V any](ma GU) func(fab GUV) GV {
+func Ap[GUV ~func() Option[Pair[GUV, func(U) V]], GV ~func() Option[Pair[GV, V]], GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, U]], U, V any](ma GU) func(fab GUV) GV {
 	return Chain[GV, GUV](F.Bind1st(MonadMap[GV, GU], ma))
 }

-func MonadAp[GUV ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GUV, func(U) V]], GV ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GV, V]], GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], U, V any](fab GUV, ma GU) GV {
+func MonadAp[GUV ~func() Option[Pair[GUV, func(U) V]], GV ~func() Option[Pair[GV, V]], GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, U]], U, V any](fab GUV, ma GU) GV {
 	return Ap[GUV, GV](ma)(fab)
 }

-func FilterChain[GVV ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GVV, GV]], GV ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GV, V]], GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], FCT ~func(U) O.Option[GV], U, V any](f FCT) func(ma GU) GV {
+func FilterChain[GVV ~func() Option[Pair[GVV, GV]], GV ~func() Option[Pair[GV, V]], GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, U]], FCT ~func(U) Option[GV], U, V any](f FCT) func(ma GU) GV {
 	return F.Flow2(
 		FilterMap[GVV, GU](f),
 		Flatten[GVV],
 	)
 }

-func FoldMap[GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], FCT ~func(U) V, U, V any](m M.Monoid[V]) func(FCT) func(ma GU) V {
+func FoldMap[GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, U]], FCT ~func(U) V, U, V any](m M.Monoid[V]) func(FCT) func(ma GU) V {
 	return func(f FCT) func(ma GU) V {
 		return Reduce[GU](func(cur V, a U) V {
 			return m.Concat(cur, f(a))
@@ -265,6 +265,6 @@ func FoldMap[GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], FCT ~func(U) V, U, V any](m M.M
 	}
 }

-func Fold[GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], U any](m M.Monoid[U]) func(ma GU) U {
+func Fold[GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, U]], U any](m M.Monoid[U]) func(ma GU) U {
 	return Reduce[GU](m.Concat, m.Empty())
 }
--- a/v2/iterator/stateless/generic/last.go
+++ b/v2/iterator/stateless/generic/last.go
@@ -18,10 +18,9 @@ package generic
 import (
 	F "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/function"
 	O "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/option"
-	P "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/pair"
 )

 // Last returns the last item in an iterator if such an item exists
-func Last[GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], U any](mu GU) O.Option[U] {
-	return reduce(mu, F.Ignore1of2[O.Option[U]](O.Of[U]), O.None[U]())
+func Last[GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, U]], U any](mu GU) Option[U] {
+	return reduce(mu, F.Ignore1of2[Option[U]](O.Of[U]), O.None[U]())
 }
--- a/v2/iterator/stateless/generic/monad.go
+++ b/v2/iterator/stateless/generic/monad.go
@@ -17,11 +17,9 @@ package generic

 import (
 	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/internal/monad"
-	O "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/option"
-	P "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/pair"
 )

-type iteratorMonad[A, B any, GA ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GA, A]], GB ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GB, B]], GAB ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GAB, func(A) B]]] struct{}
+type iteratorMonad[A, B any, GA ~func() Option[Pair[GA, A]], GB ~func() Option[Pair[GB, B]], GAB ~func() Option[Pair[GAB, func(A) B]]] struct{}

 func (o *iteratorMonad[A, B, GA, GB, GAB]) Of(a A) GA {
 	return Of[GA](a)
@@ -40,6 +38,6 @@ func (o *iteratorMonad[A, B, GA, GB, GAB]) Ap(fa GA) func(GAB) GB {
 }

 // Monad implements the monadic operations for iterators
-func Monad[A, B any, GA ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GA, A]], GB ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GB, B]], GAB ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GAB, func(A) B]]]() monad.Monad[A, B, GA, GB, GAB] {
+func Monad[A, B any, GA ~func() Option[Pair[GA, A]], GB ~func() Option[Pair[GB, B]], GAB ~func() Option[Pair[GAB, func(A) B]]]() monad.Monad[A, B, GA, GB, GAB] {
 	return &iteratorMonad[A, B, GA, GB, GAB]{}
 }
--- a/v2/iterator/stateless/generic/monoid.go
+++ b/v2/iterator/stateless/generic/monoid.go
@@ -18,11 +18,9 @@ package generic
 import (
 	F "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/function"
 	M "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/monoid"
-	O "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/option"
-	P "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/pair"
 )

-func Monoid[GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], U any]() M.Monoid[GU] {
+func Monoid[GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, U]], U any]() M.Monoid[GU] {
 	return M.MakeMonoid(
 		F.Swap(concat[GU]),
 		Empty[GU](),
--- a/v2/iterator/stateless/generic/reflect.go
+++ b/v2/iterator/stateless/generic/reflect.go
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ import (
 	P "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/pair"
 )

-func FromReflect[GR ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GR, R.Value]]](val R.Value) GR {
+func FromReflect[GR ~func() Option[Pair[GR, R.Value]]](val R.Value) GR {
 	// recursive callback
 	var recurse func(idx int) GR

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ func FromReflect[GR ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GR, R.Value]]](val R.Value) GR {
 			idx,
 			L.Of[int],
 			L.Map(fromPred),
-			LG.Map[L.Lazy[O.Option[int]], GR](O.Map(
+			LG.Map[Lazy[Option[int]], GR](O.Map(
 				F.Flow2(
 					P.Of[int],
 					P.BiMap(F.Flow2(N.Add(1), recurse), val.Index),
--- a/v2/iterator/stateless/generic/scan.go
+++ b/v2/iterator/stateless/generic/scan.go
@@ -21,11 +21,11 @@ import (
 	P "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/pair"
 )

-func apTuple[A, B any](t P.Pair[func(A) B, A]) P.Pair[B, A] {
+func apTuple[A, B any](t Pair[func(A) B, A]) Pair[B, A] {
 	return P.MakePair(P.Head(t)(P.Tail(t)), P.Tail(t))
 }

-func Scan[GV ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GV, V]], GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], FCT ~func(V, U) V, U, V any](f FCT, initial V) func(ma GU) GV {
+func Scan[GV ~func() Option[Pair[GV, V]], GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, U]], FCT ~func(V, U) V, U, V any](f FCT, initial V) func(ma GU) GV {
 	// pre-declare to avoid cyclic reference
 	var m func(GU) func(V) GV

--- a/v2/iterator/stateless/generic/take.go
+++ b/v2/iterator/stateless/generic/take.go
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ import (
 	P "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/pair"
 )

-func Take[GU ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[GU, U]], U any](n int) func(ma GU) GU {
+func Take[GU ~func() Option[Pair[GU, U]], U any](n int) func(ma GU) GU {
 	// pre-declare to avoid cyclic reference
 	var recurse func(ma GU, idx int) GU

--- a/v2/iterator/stateless/generic/types.go
+++ b/v2/iterator/stateless/generic/types.go
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+package generic
+
+import (
+	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/lazy"
+	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/option"
+	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/pair"
+	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/predicate"
+)
+
+type (
+	Option[A any]    = option.Option[A]
+	Lazy[A any]      = lazy.Lazy[A]
+	Pair[L, R any]   = pair.Pair[L, R]
+	Predicate[A any] = predicate.Predicate[A]
+)
--- a/v2/iterator/stateless/generic/uniq.go
+++ b/v2/iterator/stateless/generic/uniq.go
@@ -31,14 +31,14 @@ func addToMap[A comparable](a A, m map[A]bool) map[A]bool {
 	return cpy
 }

-func Uniq[AS ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[AS, A]], K comparable, A any](f func(A) K) func(as AS) AS {
+func Uniq[AS ~func() Option[Pair[AS, A]], K comparable, A any](f func(A) K) func(as AS) AS {

 	var recurse func(as AS, mp map[K]bool) AS

 	recurse = func(as AS, mp map[K]bool) AS {
 		return F.Nullary2(
 			as,
-			O.Chain(func(a P.Pair[AS, A]) O.Option[P.Pair[AS, A]] {
+			O.Chain(func(a Pair[AS, A]) Option[Pair[AS, A]] {
 				return F.Pipe3(
 					P.Tail(a),
 					f,
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ func Uniq[AS ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[AS, A]], K comparable, A any](f func(A) K)
 						_, ok := mp[k]
 						return !ok
 					}),
-					O.Fold(recurse(P.Head(a), mp), func(k K) O.Option[P.Pair[AS, A]] {
+					O.Fold(recurse(P.Head(a), mp), func(k K) Option[Pair[AS, A]] {
 						return O.Of(P.MakePair(recurse(P.Head(a), addToMap(k, mp)), P.Tail(a)))
 					}),
 				)
@@ -57,6 +57,6 @@ func Uniq[AS ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[AS, A]], K comparable, A any](f func(A) K)
 	return F.Bind2nd(recurse, make(map[K]bool, 0))
 }

-func StrictUniq[AS ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[AS, A]], A comparable](as AS) AS {
+func StrictUniq[AS ~func() Option[Pair[AS, A]], A comparable](as AS) AS {
 	return Uniq[AS](F.Identity[A])(as)
 }
--- a/v2/iterator/stateless/generic/zip.go
+++ b/v2/iterator/stateless/generic/zip.go
@@ -23,12 +23,12 @@ import (

 // ZipWith applies a function to pairs of elements at the same index in two iterators, collecting the results in a new iterator. If one
 // input iterator is short, excess elements of the longer iterator are discarded.
-func ZipWith[AS ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[AS, A]], BS ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[BS, B]], CS ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[CS, C]], FCT ~func(A, B) C, A, B, C any](fa AS, fb BS, f FCT) CS {
+func ZipWith[AS ~func() Option[Pair[AS, A]], BS ~func() Option[Pair[BS, B]], CS ~func() Option[Pair[CS, C]], FCT ~func(A, B) C, A, B, C any](fa AS, fb BS, f FCT) CS {
 	// pre-declare to avoid cyclic reference
-	var m func(P.Pair[O.Option[P.Pair[AS, A]], O.Option[P.Pair[BS, B]]]) O.Option[P.Pair[CS, C]]
+	var m func(Pair[Option[Pair[AS, A]], Option[Pair[BS, B]]]) Option[Pair[CS, C]]

 	recurse := func(as AS, bs BS) CS {
-		return func() O.Option[P.Pair[CS, C]] {
+		return func() Option[Pair[CS, C]] {
 			// combine
 			return F.Pipe1(
 				P.MakePair(as(), bs()),
@@ -38,8 +38,8 @@ func ZipWith[AS ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[AS, A]], BS ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[BS,
 	}

 	m = F.Flow2(
-		O.SequencePair[P.Pair[AS, A], P.Pair[BS, B]],
-		O.Map(func(t P.Pair[P.Pair[AS, A], P.Pair[BS, B]]) P.Pair[CS, C] {
+		O.SequencePair[Pair[AS, A], Pair[BS, B]],
+		O.Map(func(t Pair[Pair[AS, A], Pair[BS, B]]) Pair[CS, C] {
 			return P.MakePair(recurse(P.Head(P.Head(t)), P.Head(P.Tail(t))), f(P.Tail(P.Head(t)), P.Tail(P.Tail(t))))
 		}))

@@ -49,6 +49,6 @@ func ZipWith[AS ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[AS, A]], BS ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[BS,

 // Zip takes two iterators and returns an iterators of corresponding pairs. If one input iterators is short, excess elements of the
 // longer iterator are discarded
-func Zip[AS ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[AS, A]], BS ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[BS, B]], CS ~func() O.Option[P.Pair[CS, P.Pair[A, B]]], A, B any](fb BS) func(AS) CS {
-	return F.Bind23of3(ZipWith[AS, BS, CS, func(A, B) P.Pair[A, B]])(fb, P.MakePair[A, B])
+func Zip[AS ~func() Option[Pair[AS, A]], BS ~func() Option[Pair[BS, B]], CS ~func() Option[Pair[CS, Pair[A, B]]], A, B any](fb BS) func(AS) CS {
+	return F.Bind23of3(ZipWith[AS, BS, CS, func(A, B) Pair[A, B]])(fb, P.MakePair[A, B])
 }
--- a/v2/iterator/stateless/io.go
+++ b/v2/iterator/stateless/io.go
@@ -16,17 +16,15 @@
 package stateless

 import (
-	IO "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/io"
 	G "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/iterator/stateless/generic"
-	L "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/lazy"
 )

 // FromLazy returns an [Iterator] on top of a lazy function
-func FromLazy[U any](l L.Lazy[U]) Iterator[U] {
+func FromLazy[U any](l Lazy[U]) Iterator[U] {
 	return G.FromLazy[Iterator[U]](l)
 }

 // FromIO returns an [Iterator] on top of an IO function
-func FromIO[U any](io IO.IO[U]) Iterator[U] {
+func FromIO[U any](io IO[U]) Iterator[U] {
 	return G.FromLazy[Iterator[U]](io)
 }
--- a/v2/iterator/stateless/iterator.go
+++ b/v2/iterator/stateless/iterator.go
@@ -19,23 +19,22 @@ import (
 	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/iooption"
 	G "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/iterator/stateless/generic"
 	M "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/monoid"
-	O "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/option"
 	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/pair"
 )

-// Next returns the [Iterator] for the next element in an iterator [pair.Pair]
-func Next[U any](m pair.Pair[Iterator[U], U]) Iterator[U] {
+// Next returns the [Iterator] for the next element in an iterator [Pair]
+func Next[U any](m Pair[Iterator[U], U]) Iterator[U] {
 	return pair.Head(m)
 }

-// Current returns the current element in an [Iterator] [pair.Pair]
-func Current[U any](m pair.Pair[Iterator[U], U]) U {
+// Current returns the current element in an [Iterator] [Pair]
+func Current[U any](m Pair[Iterator[U], U]) U {
 	return pair.Tail(m)
 }

 // Empty returns the empty iterator
 func Empty[U any]() Iterator[U] {
-	return iooption.None[pair.Pair[Iterator[U], U]]()
+	return iooption.None[Pair[Iterator[U], U]]()
 }

 // Of returns an iterator with one single element
@@ -97,12 +96,12 @@ func Replicate[U any](a U) Iterator[U] {
 }

 // FilterMap filters and transforms the content of an iterator
-func FilterMap[U, V any](f func(U) O.Option[V]) Operator[U, V] {
+func FilterMap[U, V any](f func(U) Option[V]) Operator[U, V] {
 	return G.FilterMap[Iterator[V], Iterator[U]](f)
 }

 // Filter filters the content of an iterator
-func Filter[U any](f func(U) bool) Operator[U, U] {
+func Filter[U any](f Predicate[U]) Operator[U, U] {
 	return G.Filter[Iterator[U]](f)
 }

@@ -128,7 +127,7 @@ func Count(start int) Iterator[int] {
 }

 // FilterChain filters and transforms the content of an iterator
-func FilterChain[U, V any](f func(U) O.Option[Iterator[V]]) Operator[U, V] {
+func FilterChain[U, V any](f func(U) Option[Iterator[V]]) Operator[U, V] {
 	return G.FilterChain[Iterator[Iterator[V]], Iterator[V], Iterator[U]](f)
 }

--- a/v2/iterator/stateless/last.go
+++ b/v2/iterator/stateless/last.go
@@ -17,11 +17,10 @@ package stateless

 import (
 	G "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/iterator/stateless/generic"
-	O "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/option"
 )

 // Last returns the last item in an iterator if such an item exists
 // Note that the function will consume the [Iterator] in this call completely, to identify the last element. Do not use this for infinite iterators
-func Last[U any](mu Iterator[U]) O.Option[U] {
+func Last[U any](mu Iterator[U]) Option[U] {
 	return G.Last(mu)
 }
--- a/v2/iterator/stateless/scan.go
+++ b/v2/iterator/stateless/scan.go
@@ -22,6 +22,6 @@ import (
 // Scan takes an [Iterator] and returns a new [Iterator] of the same length, where the values
 // of the new [Iterator] are the result of the application of `f` to the value of the
 // source iterator with the previously accumulated value
-func Scan[FCT ~func(V, U) V, U, V any](f FCT, initial V) func(ma Iterator[U]) Iterator[V] {
+func Scan[FCT ~func(V, U) V, U, V any](f FCT, initial V) Operator[U, V] {
 	return G.Scan[Iterator[V], Iterator[U]](f, initial)
 }
--- a/v2/iterator/stateless/scan_test.go
+++ b/v2/iterator/stateless/scan_test.go
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ func TestScan(t *testing.T) {

 	dst := F.Pipe1(
 		src,
-		Scan(func(cur P.Pair[int, string], val string) P.Pair[int, string] {
+		Scan(func(cur Pair[int, string], val string) Pair[int, string] {
 			return P.MakePair(P.Head(cur)+1, val)
 		}, P.MakePair(0, "")),
 	)
--- a/v2/iterator/stateless/seq.go
+++ b/v2/iterator/stateless/seq.go
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+package stateless
+
+import (
+	O "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/option"
+	P "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/pair"
+)
+
+// ToSeq converts the stateless [Iterator] to an idiomatic go iterator
+func ToSeq[T any](it Iterator[T]) Seq[T] {
+	current := Current[T]
+	return func(yield Predicate[T]) {
+		next, ok := O.Unwrap(it())
+		for ok && yield(current(next)) {
+			next, ok = O.Unwrap(Next(next)())
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// ToSeq2 converts the stateless [Iterator] to an idiomatic go iterator
+func ToSeq2[K, V any](it Iterator[Pair[K, V]]) Seq2[K, V] {
+	current := Current[Pair[K, V]]
+	return func(yield func(K, V) bool) {
+		yp := P.Paired(yield)
+		next, ok := O.Unwrap(it())
+		for ok && yp(current(next)) {
+			next, ok = O.Unwrap(Next(next)())
+		}
+	}
+}
--- a/v2/iterator/stateless/take.go
+++ b/v2/iterator/stateless/take.go
@@ -20,6 +20,6 @@ import (
 )

 // Take limits the number of values in the [Iterator] to a maximum number
-func Take[U any](n int) func(ma Iterator[U]) Iterator[U] {
+func Take[U any](n int) Operator[U, U] {
 	return G.Take[Iterator[U]](n)
 }
--- a/v2/iterator/stateless/types.go
+++ b/v2/iterator/stateless/types.go
@@ -16,18 +16,29 @@
 package stateless

 import (
-	L "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/lazy"
+	"iter"
+
+	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/io"
+	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/lazy"
 	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/option"
 	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/pair"
+	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/predicate"
 	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/reader"
 )

 type (
 	Option[A any]    = option.Option[A]
+	Lazy[A any]      = lazy.Lazy[A]
+	Pair[L, R any]   = pair.Pair[L, R]
+	Predicate[A any] = predicate.Predicate[A]
+	IO[A any]        = io.IO[A]

 	// Iterator represents a stateless, pure way to iterate over a sequence
-	Iterator[U any] L.Lazy[Option[pair.Pair[Iterator[U], U]]]
+	Iterator[U any] Lazy[Option[Pair[Iterator[U], U]]]

 	Kleisli[A, B any]  = reader.Reader[A, Iterator[B]]
 	Operator[A, B any] = Kleisli[Iterator[A], B]
+
+	Seq[T any]     = iter.Seq[T]
+	Seq2[K, V any] = iter.Seq2[K, V]
 )
--- a/v2/iterator/stateless/uniq.go
+++ b/v2/iterator/stateless/uniq.go
@@ -27,6 +27,6 @@ func StrictUniq[A comparable](as Iterator[A]) Iterator[A] {

 // Uniq converts an [Iterator] of arbitrary items into an [Iterator] or unique items
 // where uniqueness is determined based on a key extractor function
-func Uniq[A any, K comparable](f func(A) K) func(as Iterator[A]) Iterator[A] {
+func Uniq[A any, K comparable](f func(A) K) Operator[A, A] {
 	return G.Uniq[Iterator[A]](f)
 }
--- a/v2/iterator/stateless/zip.go
+++ b/v2/iterator/stateless/zip.go
@@ -17,7 +17,6 @@ package stateless

 import (
 	G "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/iterator/stateless/generic"
-	P "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/pair"
 )

 // ZipWith applies a function to pairs of elements at the same index in two iterators, collecting the results in a new iterator. If one
@@ -28,6 +27,6 @@ func ZipWith[FCT ~func(A, B) C, A, B, C any](fa Iterator[A], fb Iterator[B], f F

 // Zip takes two iterators and returns an iterators of corresponding pairs. If one input iterators is short, excess elements of the
 // longer iterator are discarded
-func Zip[A, B any](fb Iterator[B]) func(Iterator[A]) Iterator[P.Pair[A, B]] {
-	return G.Zip[Iterator[A], Iterator[B], Iterator[P.Pair[A, B]]](fb)
+func Zip[A, B any](fb Iterator[B]) Operator[A, Pair[A, B]] {
+	return G.Zip[Iterator[A], Iterator[B], Iterator[Pair[A, B]]](fb)
 }
--- a/v2/optics/lens/lens.go
+++ b/v2/optics/lens/lens.go
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ func setCopyCurried[SET ~func(A) Endomorphism[*S], S, A any](setter SET) func(A)
 //	name := nameLens.Get(person)           // "Alice"
 //	updated := nameLens.Set("Bob")(person) // Person{Name: "Bob", Age: 30}
 func MakeLens[GET ~func(S) A, SET ~func(S, A) S, S, A any](get GET, set SET) Lens[S, A] {
-	return MakeLensCurried(get, F.Curry2(F.Swap(set)))
+	return MakeLensCurried(get, F.Bind2of2(set))
 }

 // MakeLensCurried creates a [Lens] with a curried setter F.
--- a/v2/optics/optional/optional.go
+++ b/v2/optics/optional/optional.go
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ func setCopy[SET ~func(*S, A) *S, S, A any](setter SET) func(s *S, a A) *S {
 // data. This happens automatically if the data is passed by value. For pointers consider to use `MakeOptionalRef`
 // and for other kinds of data structures that are copied by reference make sure the setter creates the copy.
 func MakeOptional[S, A any](get func(S) O.Option[A], set func(S, A) S) Optional[S, A] {
-	return Optional[S, A]{GetOption: get, Set: EM.Curry2(F.Swap(set))}
+	return Optional[S, A]{GetOption: get, Set: F.Bind2of2(set)}
 }

 // MakeOptionalRef creates an Optional based on a getter and a setter function. The setter passed in does not have to create a shallow
--- a/v2/samples/presentation/examples/example_immutability_test.go
+++ b/v2/samples/presentation/examples/example_immutability_test.go
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ func Example_immutability_struct() {
 	p1 := MakePerson("Carsten", 53)

 	// func(int) func(Person) Person
-	setAge := F.Curry2(F.Swap(Person.SetAge))
+	setAge := F.Bind2of2(Person.SetAge)

 	p2 := F.Pipe1(
 		p1,
--- a/v2/string/string.go
+++ b/v2/string/string.go
@@ -40,10 +40,10 @@ var (
 	Equals = F.Curry2(Eq)

 	// Includes returns a predicate that tests for the existence of the search string
-	Includes = F.Curry2(F.Swap(strings.Contains))
+	Includes = F.Bind2of2(strings.Contains)

 	// HasPrefix returns a predicate that checks if the prefis is included in the string
-	HasPrefix = F.Curry2(F.Swap(strings.HasPrefix))
+	HasPrefix = F.Bind2of2(strings.HasPrefix)
 )

 func Eq(left string, right string) bool {