diff --git a/array/nonempty/array.go b/array/nonempty/array.go
index b72962f..8f56c0e 100644
--- a/array/nonempty/array.go
+++ b/array/nonempty/array.go
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import (
 	G "github.com/IBM/fp-go/array/generic"
 	F "github.com/IBM/fp-go/function"
 	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/internal/array"
+	S "github.com/IBM/fp-go/semigroup"
 )
 
 // NonEmptyArray represents an array with at least one element
@@ -29,7 +30,7 @@ func Of[A any](first A) NonEmptyArray[A] {
 	return G.Of[NonEmptyArray[A]](first)
 }
 
-// From constructs an array from a set of variadic arguments
+// From constructs a [NonEmptyArray] from a set of variadic arguments
 func From[A any](first A, data ...A) NonEmptyArray[A] {
 	count := len(data)
 	if count == 0 {
@@ -103,3 +104,21 @@ func MonadAp[B, A any](fab NonEmptyArray[func(A) B], fa NonEmptyArray[A]) NonEmp
 func Ap[B, A any](fa NonEmptyArray[A]) func(NonEmptyArray[func(A) B]) NonEmptyArray[B] {
 	return G.Ap[NonEmptyArray[B], NonEmptyArray[func(A) B]](fa)
 }
+
+// FoldMap maps and folds a [NonEmptyArray]. Map the [NonEmptyArray] passing each value to the iterating function. Then fold the results using the provided [Semigroup].
+func FoldMap[A, B any](s S.Semigroup[B]) func(func(A) B) func(NonEmptyArray[A]) B {
+	return func(f func(A) B) func(NonEmptyArray[A]) B {
+		return func(as NonEmptyArray[A]) B {
+			return array.Reduce(Tail(as), func(cur B, a A) B {
+				return s.Concat(cur, f(a))
+			}, f(Head(as)))
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Fold folds the [NonEmptyArray] using the provided [Semigroup].
+func Fold[A any](s S.Semigroup[A]) func(NonEmptyArray[A]) A {
+	return func(as NonEmptyArray[A]) A {
+		return array.Reduce(Tail(as), s.Concat, Head(as))
+	}
+}
diff --git a/context/readerioeither/monoid.go b/context/readerioeither/monoid.go
index 4e5e105..834fa19 100644
--- a/context/readerioeither/monoid.go
+++ b/context/readerioeither/monoid.go
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ package readerioeither
 
 import (
 	G "github.com/IBM/fp-go/context/readerioeither/generic"
+	L "github.com/IBM/fp-go/lazy"
 	M "github.com/IBM/fp-go/monoid"
 )
 
@@ -34,3 +35,22 @@ func ApplicativeMonoidSeq[A any](m M.Monoid[A]) M.Monoid[ReaderIOEither[A]] {
 func ApplicativeMonoidPar[A any](m M.Monoid[A]) M.Monoid[ReaderIOEither[A]] {
 	return G.ApplicativeMonoidPar[ReaderIOEither[A], ReaderIOEither[func(A) A]](m)
 }
+
+// AlternativeMonoid is the alternative [Monoid] for [ReaderIOEither]
+func AlternativeMonoid[A any](m M.Monoid[A]) M.Monoid[ReaderIOEither[A]] {
+	return M.AlternativeMonoid(
+		Of[A],
+		MonadMap[A, func(A) A],
+		MonadAp[A, A],
+		MonadAlt[A],
+		m,
+	)
+}
+
+// AltMonoid is the alternative [Monoid] for an [ReaderIOEither]
+func AltMonoid[A any](zero L.Lazy[ReaderIOEither[A]]) M.Monoid[ReaderIOEither[A]] {
+	return M.AltMonoid(
+		zero,
+		MonadAlt[A],
+	)
+}
diff --git a/either/either.go b/either/either.go
index 2dd5542..d84ede4 100644
--- a/either/either.go
+++ b/either/either.go
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import (
 	E "github.com/IBM/fp-go/errors"
 	F "github.com/IBM/fp-go/function"
 	FC "github.com/IBM/fp-go/internal/functor"
+	L "github.com/IBM/fp-go/lazy"
 	O "github.com/IBM/fp-go/option"
 )
 
@@ -198,11 +199,11 @@ func Reduce[E, A, B any](f func(B, A) B, initial B) func(Either[E, A]) B {
 	)
 }
 
-func AltW[E, E1, A any](that func() Either[E1, A]) func(Either[E, A]) Either[E1, A] {
+func AltW[E, E1, A any](that L.Lazy[Either[E1, A]]) func(Either[E, A]) Either[E1, A] {
 	return Fold(F.Ignore1of1[E](that), Right[E1, A])
 }
 
-func Alt[E, A any](that func() Either[E, A]) func(Either[E, A]) Either[E, A] {
+func Alt[E, A any](that L.Lazy[Either[E, A]]) func(Either[E, A]) Either[E, A] {
 	return AltW[E](that)
 }
 
@@ -254,3 +255,7 @@ func MonadFlap[E, A, B any](fab Either[E, func(A) B], a A) Either[E, B] {
 func Flap[E, A, B any](a A) func(Either[E, func(A) B]) Either[E, B] {
 	return F.Bind2nd(MonadFlap[E, A, B], a)
 }
+
+func MonadAlt[E, A any](fa Either[E, A], that L.Lazy[Either[E, A]]) Either[E, A] {
+	return MonadFold(fa, F.Ignore1of1[E](that), Of[E, A])
+}
diff --git a/either/monoid.go b/either/monoid.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bd0d593
--- /dev/null
+++ b/either/monoid.go
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2023 IBM Corp.
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package either
+
+import (
+	L "github.com/IBM/fp-go/lazy"
+	M "github.com/IBM/fp-go/monoid"
+)
+
+// AlternativeMonoid is the alternative [Monoid] for an [Either]
+func AlternativeMonoid[E, A any](m M.Monoid[A]) M.Monoid[Either[E, A]] {
+	return M.AlternativeMonoid(
+		Of[E, A],
+		MonadMap[E, A, func(A) A],
+		MonadAp[A, E, A],
+		MonadAlt[E, A],
+		m,
+	)
+}
+
+// AltMonoid is the alternative [Monoid] for an [Either]
+func AltMonoid[E, A any](zero L.Lazy[Either[E, A]]) M.Monoid[Either[E, A]] {
+	return M.AltMonoid(
+		zero,
+		MonadAlt[E, A],
+	)
+}
diff --git a/either/semigroup.go b/either/semigroup.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..79abbab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/either/semigroup.go
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2023 IBM Corp.
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package either
+
+import (
+	S "github.com/IBM/fp-go/semigroup"
+)
+
+// AltSemigroup is the alternative [Semigroup] for an [Either]
+func AltSemigroup[E, A any]() S.Semigroup[Either[E, A]] {
+	return S.AltSemigroup(
+		MonadAlt[E, A],
+	)
+}
diff --git a/monoid/alt.go b/monoid/alt.go
index ada82cf..59136c7 100644
--- a/monoid/alt.go
+++ b/monoid/alt.go
@@ -19,13 +19,13 @@ import (
 	S "github.com/IBM/fp-go/semigroup"
 )
 
-func AlternativeMonoid[A, HKTA, HKTFA any](
+func AlternativeMonoid[A, HKTA, HKTFA any, LAZYHKTA ~func() HKTA](
 	fof func(A) HKTA,
 
 	fmap func(HKTA, func(A) func(A) A) HKTFA,
 	fap func(HKTFA, HKTA) HKTA,
 
-	falt func(HKTA, func() HKTA) HKTA,
+	falt func(HKTA, LAZYHKTA) HKTA,
 
 	m Monoid[A],
 
@@ -45,9 +45,9 @@ func AlternativeMonoid[A, HKTA, HKTFA any](
 	)
 }
 
-func AltMonoid[HKTA any](
-	fzero func() HKTA,
-	falt func(HKTA, func() HKTA) HKTA,
+func AltMonoid[HKTA any, LAZYHKTA ~func() HKTA](
+	fzero LAZYHKTA,
+	falt func(HKTA, LAZYHKTA) HKTA,
 
 ) Monoid[HKTA] {
 
diff --git a/option/monoid.go b/option/monoid.go
index 4eb5519..7c81ae3 100644
--- a/option/monoid.go
+++ b/option/monoid.go
@@ -51,3 +51,22 @@ func Monoid[A any]() func(S.Semigroup[A]) M.Monoid[Option[A]] {
 		return M.MakeMonoid(sg(s).Concat, None[A]())
 	}
 }
+
+// AlternativeMonoid is the alternative [Monoid] for an [Option]
+func AlternativeMonoid[A any](m M.Monoid[A]) M.Monoid[Option[A]] {
+	return M.AlternativeMonoid(
+		Of[A],
+		MonadMap[A, func(A) A],
+		MonadAp[A, A],
+		MonadAlt[A],
+		m,
+	)
+}
+
+// AltMonoid is the alternative [Monoid] for an [Option]
+func AltMonoid[A any]() M.Monoid[Option[A]] {
+	return M.AltMonoid(
+		None[A],
+		MonadAlt[A],
+	)
+}
diff --git a/option/option.go b/option/option.go
index f45ea93..b51a794 100644
--- a/option/option.go
+++ b/option/option.go
@@ -116,6 +116,10 @@ func Flatten[A any](mma Option[Option[A]]) Option[A] {
 	return MonadChain(mma, F.Identity[Option[A]])
 }
 
+func MonadAlt[A any](fa Option[A], that func() Option[A]) Option[A] {
+	return MonadFold(fa, that, Of[A])
+}
+
 func Alt[A any](that func() Option[A]) func(Option[A]) Option[A] {
 	return Fold(that, Of[A])
 }
diff --git a/semigroup/alt.go b/semigroup/alt.go
index 17b95d9..b527a2d 100644
--- a/semigroup/alt.go
+++ b/semigroup/alt.go
@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@
 
 package semigroup
 
-func AltSemigroup[HKTA any](
-	falt func(HKTA, func() HKTA) HKTA,
+func AltSemigroup[HKTA any, LAZYHKTA ~func() HKTA](
+	falt func(HKTA, LAZYHKTA) HKTA,
 
 ) Semigroup[HKTA] {