Remove google.golang.org/grpc/codes dependency from API by adding an equivalent codes package (#1046)

* Add otel/codes package to replace google.golang.org/grpc/codes

* Replace google.golang.org/grpc/codes with otel/codes

* Update opentracing bridge to use OTel codes

* Update semconv to use OTel codes

* Update SDK to convert from OTel codes to gRPC

* go mod tidy

* Add change to CHANGELOG

* Fix word from feedback

codes/codes.go

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+// Copyright The OpenTelemetry Authors
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+// Package codes defines the canonical error codes used by OpenTelemetry.
+//
+// It conforms to [the OpenTelemetry
+// specification](https://github.com/open-telemetry/opentelemetry-specification/blob/master/specification/trace/api.md#statuscanonicalcode).
+// This also means that it follows gRPC codes and is based on
+// [google.golang.org/grpc/codes](https://godoc.org/google.golang.org/grpc/codes).
+//
+// This package was added to this project, instead of using that existing
+// package, to avoid the large package size it includes and not impose that
+// burden on projects using this package.
+package codes
+
+// Code is an 32-bit representation of a status state.
+type Code uint32
+
+// WARNING: any changes here must be propagated to the
+// otel/sdk/internal/codes.go file.
+const (
+	// OK means success.
+	OK Code = 0
+	// Canceled indicates the operation was canceled (typically by the
+	// caller).
+	Canceled Code = 1
+	// Unknown error. An example of where this error may be returned is if an
+	// error is raised by a dependant API that does not contain enough
+	// information to convert it into a more appropriate error.
+	Unknown Code = 2
+	// InvalidArgument indicates a client specified an invalid argument. Note
+	// that this differs from FailedPrecondition. InvalidArgument indicates
+	// arguments that are problematic regardless of the state of the system.
+	InvalidArgument Code = 3
+	// DeadlineExceeded means a deadline expired before the operation could
+	// complete. For operations that change the state of the system, this error
+	// may be returned even if the operation has completed successfully.
+	DeadlineExceeded Code = 4
+	// NotFound means some requested entity (e.g., file or directory) was not
+	// found.
+	NotFound Code = 5
+	// AlreadyExists means some entity that we attempted to create (e.g., file
+	// or directory) already exists.
+	AlreadyExists Code = 6
+	// PermissionDenied means the caller does not have permission to execute
+	// the specified operation. PermissionDenied must not be used if the caller
+	// cannot be identified (use Unauthenticated instead for those errors).
+	PermissionDenied Code = 7
+	// ResourceExhausted means some resource has been exhausted, perhaps a
+	// per-user quota, or perhaps the entire file system is out of space.
+	ResourceExhausted Code = 8
+	// FailedPrecondition means the operation was rejected because the system
+	// is not in a state required for the operation's execution.
+	FailedPrecondition Code = 9
+	// Aborted means the operation was aborted, typically due to a concurrency
+	// issue like sequencer check failures, transaction aborts, etc.
+	Aborted Code = 10
+	// OutOfRange means the operation was attempted past the valid range.
+	// E.g., seeking or reading past end of file. Unlike InvalidArgument, this
+	// error indicates a problem that may be fixed if the system state
+	// changes.
+	OutOfRange Code = 11
+	// Unimplemented means the operation is not implemented or not
+	// supported/enabled in this service.
+	Unimplemented Code = 12
+	// Internal means an internal errors. It means some invariants expected by
+	// underlying system has been broken.
+	Internal Code = 13
+	// Unavailable means the service is currently unavailable. This is most
+	// likely a transient condition and may be corrected by retrying with a
+	// backoff.
+	Unavailable Code = 14
+	// DataLoss means unrecoverable data loss or corruption has occurred.
+	DataLoss Code = 15
+	// Unauthenticated means the request does not have valid authentication
+	// credentials for the operation.
+	Unauthenticated Code = 16
+)