lazarus-ccr/components/fpspreadsheet/fpsutils.pas

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Utility functions and declarations for FPSpreadsheet

  LICENSE: See the file COPYING.modifiedLGPL.txt, included in the Lazarus
           distribution, for details about the license.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
unit fpsutils;

// to do: Remove the patched FormatDateTime when the feature of square brackets
//        in time format codes is in the rtl
// to do: Remove the declaration UTF8FormatSettings and InitUTF8FormatSettings
//        when this same modification is in LazUtils of Laz stable


{$mode objfpc}{$H+}

interface

uses
  Classes, SysUtils, StrUtils,
  fpstypes;

// Exported types
type
  {@@ Selection direction along column or along row }
  TsSelectionDirection = (fpsVerticalSelection, fpsHorizontalSelection);

  {@@ Set of characters }
  TsDecsChars = set of char;

const
  {@@ Date formatting string for unambiguous date/time display as strings
      Can be used for text output when date/time cell support is not available }
  ISO8601Format='yyyymmdd"T"hhmmss';
  {@@ Extended ISO 8601 date/time format, used in e.g. ODF/opendocument }
  ISO8601FormatExtended='yyyy"-"mm"-"dd"T"hh":"mm":"ss';
  {@@  ISO 8601 date-only format, used in ODF/opendocument }
  ISO8601FormatDateOnly='yyyy"-"mm"-"dd';
  {@@  ISO 8601 time-only format, used in ODF/opendocument }
  ISO8601FormatTimeOnly='"PT"hh"H"nn"M"ss"S"';
  {@@ ISO 8601 time-only format, with hours overflow }
  ISO8601FormatHoursOverflow='"PT"[hh]"H"nn"M"ss.zz"S"';

// Endianess helper functions
function WordToLE(AValue: Word): Word;
function DWordToLE(AValue: Cardinal): Cardinal;
function IntegerToLE(AValue: Integer): Integer;
function WideStringToLE(const AValue: WideString): WideString;

function WordLEtoN(AValue: Word): Word;
function DWordLEtoN(AValue: Cardinal): Cardinal;
function WideStringLEToN(const AValue: WideString): WideString;

function LongRGBToExcelPhysical(const RGB: DWord): DWord;

// Other routines
function ParseIntervalString(const AStr: string;
  out AFirstCellRow, AFirstCellCol, ACount: Cardinal;
  out ADirection: TsSelectionDirection): Boolean;
function ParseCellRangeString(const AStr: string;
  out AFirstCellRow, AFirstCellCol, ALastCellRow, ALastCellCol: Cardinal;
  out AFlags: TsRelFlags): Boolean; overload;
function ParseCellRangeString(const AStr: string;
  out AFirstCellRow, AFirstCellCol, ALastCellRow, ALastCellCol: Cardinal): Boolean; overload;
function ParseCellRangeString(const AStr: String;
  out ARange: TsCellRange; out AFlags: TsRelFlags): Boolean; overload;
function ParseCellRangeString(const AStr: String;
  out ARange: TsCellRange): Boolean; overload;
function ParseCellString(const AStr: string;
  out ACellRow, ACellCol: Cardinal; out AFlags: TsRelFlags): Boolean; overload;
function ParseCellString(const AStr: string;
  out ACellRow, ACellCol: Cardinal): Boolean; overload;
function ParseSheetCellString(const AStr: String;
  out ASheetName: String; out ACellRow, ACellCol: Cardinal): Boolean;
function ParseCellRowString(const AStr: string;
  out AResult: Cardinal): Boolean;
function ParseCellColString(const AStr: string;
  out AResult: Cardinal): Boolean;

function GetColString(AColIndex: Integer): String;

function GetCellString(ARow,ACol: Cardinal;
  AFlags: TsRelFlags = [rfRelRow, rfRelCol]): String;
function GetCellRangeString(ARow1, ACol1, ARow2, ACol2: Cardinal;
  AFlags: TsRelFlags = rfAllRel; Compact: Boolean = false): String; overload;
function GetCellRangeString(ARange: TsCellRange;
  AFlags: TsRelFlags = rfAllRel; Compact: Boolean = false): String; overload;

function GetErrorValueStr(AErrorValue: TsErrorValue): String;
function GetFileFormatName(AFormat: TsSpreadsheetFormat): string;
function GetFileFormatExt(AFormat: TsSpreadsheetFormat): String;
function GetFormatFromFileName(const AFileName: TFileName;
  out SheetType: TsSpreadsheetFormat): Boolean;

function IfThen(ACondition: Boolean; AValue1,AValue2: TsNumberFormat): TsNumberFormat; overload;

procedure BuildCurrencyFormatList(AList: TStrings;
  APositive: Boolean; AValue: Double; const ACurrencySymbol: String);
function BuildCurrencyFormatString(ANumberFormat: TsNumberFormat;
  const AFormatSettings: TFormatSettings; ADecimals, APosCurrFmt, ANegCurrFmt: Integer;
  ACurrencySymbol: String; Accounting: Boolean = false): String;
function BuildDateTimeFormatString(ANumberFormat: TsNumberFormat;
  const AFormatSettings: TFormatSettings; AFormatString: String = ''): String;
function BuildFractionFormatString(AMixedFraction: Boolean;
  ANumeratorDigits, ADenominatorDigits: Integer): String;
function BuildNumberFormatString(ANumberFormat: TsNumberFormat;
  const AFormatSettings: TFormatSettings; ADecimals: Integer = -1): String;

function AddAMPM(const ATimeFormatString: String;
  const AFormatSettings: TFormatSettings): String;
function StripAMPM(const ATimeFormatString: String): String;
function CountDecs(AFormatString: String; ADecChars: TsDecsChars = ['0']): Byte;
function AddIntervalBrackets(AFormatString: String): String;
function DayNamesToString(const ADayNames: TWeekNameArray;
  const AEmptyStr: String): String;
function MakeLongDateFormat(ADateFormat: String): String;
function MakeShortDateFormat(ADateFormat: String): String;
function MonthNamesToString(const AMonthNames: TMonthNameArray;
  const AEmptyStr: String): String;
function SpecialDateTimeFormat(ACode: String;
  const AFormatSettings: TFormatSettings; ForWriting: Boolean): String;
{
procedure SplitFormatString(const AFormatString: String; out APositivePart,
  ANegativePart, AZeroPart: String);
 }
procedure MakeTimeIntervalMask(Src: String; var Dest: String);

function ConvertFloatToStr(AValue: Double; AParams: TsNumFormatParams;
  AFormatSettings: TFormatSettings): String;
procedure FloatToFraction(AValue, APrecision: Double;
  AMaxNumerator, AMaxDenominator: Int64; out ANumerator, ADenominator: Int64);
function TryStrToFloatAuto(AText: String; out ANumber: Double;
  out ADecimalSeparator, AThousandSeparator: Char; out AWarning: String): Boolean;
function TryFractionStrToFloat(AText: String; out ANumber: Double;
  out AMaxDigits: Integer): Boolean;

function TwipsToPts(AValue: Integer): Single;  inline;
function PtsToTwips(AValue: Single): Integer;  inline;
function cmToPts(AValue: Double): Double; inline;
function PtsToCm(AValue: Double): Double; inline;
function InToMM(AValue: Double): Double; inline;
function InToPts(AValue: Double): Double; inline;
function PtsToIn(AValue: Double): Double; inline;
function mmToPts(AValue: Double): Double; inline;
function mmToIn(AValue: Double): Double; inline;
function PtsToMM(AValue: Double): Double; inline;
function pxToPts(AValue, AScreenPixelsPerInch: Integer): Double; inline;
function PtsToPx(AValue: Double; AScreenPixelsPerInch: Integer): Integer; inline;
function HTMLLengthStrToPts(AValue: String; DefaultUnits: String = 'pt'): Double;

function HTMLColorStrToColor(AValue: String): TsColorValue;
function ColorToHTMLColorStr(AValue: TsColorValue; AExcelDialect: Boolean = false): String;
function UTF8TextToXMLText(AText: ansistring): ansistring;
function ValidXMLText(var AText: ansistring; ReplaceSpecialChars: Boolean = true): Boolean;

function TintedColor(AColor: TsColorValue; tint: Double): TsColorValue;
function HighContrastColor(AColorValue: TsColorValue): TsColor;

function AnalyzeCompareStr(AString: String; out ACompareOp: TsCompareOperation): String;

function InitSortParams(ASortByCols: Boolean = true; ANumSortKeys: Integer = 1;
  ASortPriority: TsSortPriority = spNumAlpha): TsSortParams;

procedure SplitHyperlink(AValue: String; out ATarget, ABookmark: String);
procedure FixHyperlinkPathDelims(var ATarget: String);

procedure InitCell(out ACell: TCell); overload;
procedure InitCell(ARow, ACol: Cardinal; out ACell: TCell); overload;
procedure InitFormatRecord(out AValue: TsCellFormat);
procedure InitPageLayout(out APageLayout: TsPageLayout);

procedure AppendToStream(AStream: TStream; const AString: String); inline; overload;
procedure AppendToStream(AStream: TStream; const AString1, AString2: String); inline; overload;
procedure AppendToStream(AStream: TStream; const AString1, AString2, AString3: String); inline; overload;

{ For silencing the compiler... }
procedure Unused(const A1);
procedure Unused(const A1, A2);
procedure Unused(const A1, A2, A3);


var
  {@@ Default value for the screen pixel density (pixels per inch). Is needed
  for conversion of distances to pixels}
  ScreenPixelsPerInch: Integer = 96;
  {@@ FPC format settings for which all strings have been converted to UTF8 }
  UTF8FormatSettings: TFormatSettings;

implementation

uses
  Math, lazutf8, fpsStrings;

type
  TRGBA = record r, g, b, a: byte end;

const
  POS_CURR_FMT: array[0..3] of string = (
    // Format parameter 0 is "value", parameter 1 is "currency symbol"
    ('%1:s%0:s'),        // 0: $1
    ('%0:s%1:s'),        // 1: 1$
    ('%1:s %0:s'),       // 2: $ 1
    ('%0:s %1:s')        // 3: 1 $
  );
  NEG_CURR_FMT: array[0..15] of string = (
    ('(%1:s%0:s)'),      //  0: ($1)
    ('-%1:s%0:s'),       //  1: -$1
    ('%1:s-%0:s'),       //  2: $-1
    ('%1:s%0:s-'),       //  3: $1-
    ('(%0:s%1:s)'),      //  4: (1$)
    ('-%0:s%1:s'),       //  5: -1$
    ('%0:s-%1:s'),       //  6: 1-$
    ('%0:s%1:s-'),       //  7: 1$-
    ('-%0:s %1:s'),      //  8: -1 $
    ('-%1:s %0:s'),      //  9: -$ 1
    ('%0:s %1:s-'),      // 10: 1 $-
    ('%1:s %0:s-'),      // 11: $ 1-
    ('%1:s -%0:s'),      // 12: $ -1
    ('%0:s- %1:s'),      // 13: 1- $
    ('(%1:s %0:s)'),     // 14: ($ 1)
    ('(%0:s %1:s)')      // 15: (1 $)
  );

{******************************************************************************}
{                       Endianess helper functions                             }
{******************************************************************************}

{ Excel files are all written with little endian byte order,
  so it's necessary to swap the data to be able to build a
  correct file on big endian systems.

  The routines WordToLE, DWordToLE, IntegerToLE etc are preferable to
  System unit routines because they ensure that the correct overloaded version
  of the conversion routines will be used, avoiding typecasts which are less readable.

  They also guarantee delphi compatibility. For Delphi we just support
  big-endian isn't support, because Delphi doesn't support it.
}

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  WordLEToLE converts a word value from big-endian to little-endian byte order.

  @param   AValue  Big-endian word value
  @return          Little-endian word value
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function WordToLE(AValue: Word): Word;
begin
  {$IFDEF FPC}
    Result := NtoLE(AValue);
  {$ELSE}
    Result := AValue;
  {$ENDIF}
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  DWordLEToLE converts a DWord value from big-endian to little-endian byte-order.

  @param   AValue  Big-endian DWord value
  @return          Little-endian DWord value
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function DWordToLE(AValue: Cardinal): Cardinal;
begin
  {$IFDEF FPC}
    Result := NtoLE(AValue);
  {$ELSE}
    Result := AValue;
  {$ENDIF}
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Converts an integer value from big-endian to little-endian byte-order.

  @param   AValue  Big-endian integer value
  @return          Little-endian integer value
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function IntegerToLE(AValue: Integer): Integer;
begin
  {$IFDEF FPC}
    Result := NtoLE(AValue);
  {$ELSE}
    Result := AValue;
  {$ENDIF}
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Converts a word value from little-endian to big-endian byte-order.

  @param   AValue  Little-endian word value
  @return          Big-endian word value
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function WordLEtoN(AValue: Word): Word;
begin
  {$IFDEF FPC}
    Result := LEtoN(AValue);
  {$ELSE}
    Result := AValue;
  {$ENDIF}
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Converts a DWord value from little-endian to big-endian byte-order.

  @param   AValue  Little-endian DWord value
  @return          Big-endian DWord value
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function DWordLEtoN(AValue: Cardinal): Cardinal;
begin
  {$IFDEF FPC}
    Result := LEtoN(AValue);
  {$ELSE}
    Result := AValue;
  {$ENDIF}
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Converts a widestring from big-endian to little-endian byte-order.

  @param   AValue  Big-endian widestring
  @return          Little-endian widestring
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function WideStringToLE(const AValue: WideString): WideString;
{$IFNDEF FPC}
var
  j: integer;
{$ENDIF}
begin
  {$IFDEF FPC}
    {$IFDEF FPC_LITTLE_ENDIAN}
      Result:=AValue;
    {$ELSE}
      Result:=AValue;
      for j := 1 to Length(AValue) do begin
        PWORD(@Result[j])^:=NToLE(PWORD(@Result[j])^);
      end;
    {$ENDIF}
  {$ELSE}
    Result:=AValue;
  {$ENDIF}
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Converts a widestring from little-endian to big-endian byte-order.

  @param   AValue  Little-endian widestring
  @return          Big-endian widestring
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function WideStringLEToN(const AValue: WideString): WideString;
{$IFNDEF FPC}
var
  j: integer;
{$ENDIF}
begin
  {$IFDEF FPC}
    {$IFDEF FPC_LITTLE_ENDIAN}
      Result:=AValue;
    {$ELSE}
      Result:=AValue;
      for j := 1 to Length(AValue) do begin
        PWORD(@Result[j])^:=LEToN(PWORD(@Result[j])^);
      end;
    {$ENDIF}
  {$ELSE}
    Result:=AValue;
  {$ENDIF}
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Converts the RGB part of a LongRGB logical structure to its physical representation.
  In other words: RGBA (where A is 0 and omitted in the function call) => ABGR
  Needed for conversion of palette colors.

  @param  RGB  DWord value containing RGBA bytes in big endian byte-order
  @return      DWord containing RGB bytes in little-endian byte-order (A = 0)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function LongRGBToExcelPhysical(const RGB: DWord): DWord;
begin
  {$IFDEF FPC}
  {$IFDEF ENDIAN_LITTLE}
  result := RGB shl 8; //tags $00 at end for the A byte
  result := SwapEndian(result); //flip byte order
  {$ELSE}
  //Big endian
  result := RGB; //leave value as is //todo: verify if this turns out ok
  {$ENDIF}
  {$ELSE}
  // messed up result
  {$ENDIF}
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Parses strings like A5:A10 into an selection interval information

  @param  AStr           Cell range string, such as A5:A10
  @param  AFirstCellRow  Row index of the first cell of the range (output)
  @param  AFirstCellCol  Column index of the first cell of the range (output)
  @param  ACount         Number of cells included in the range (output)
  @param  ADirection     fpsVerticalSelection if the range is along a column,
                         fpsHorizontalSelection if the range is along a row

  @return                false if the string is not a valid cell range
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function ParseIntervalString(const AStr: string;
  out AFirstCellRow, AFirstCellCol, ACount: Cardinal;
  out ADirection: TsSelectionDirection): Boolean;
var
  //Cells: TStringList;
  LastCellRow, LastCellCol: Cardinal;
  p: Integer;
  s1, s2: String;
begin
  Result := True;

  { Simpler:
  use "pos" instead of the TStringList overhead.
  And: the StringList is not free'ed here

  // First get the cells
  Cells := TStringList.Create;
  ExtractStrings([':'],[], PChar(AStr), Cells);

  // Then parse each of them
  Result := ParseCellString(Cells[0], AFirstCellRow, AFirstCellCol);
  if not Result then Exit;
  Result := ParseCellString(Cells[1], LastCellRow, LastCellCol);
  if not Result then Exit;
  }

  // First find the position of the colon and split into parts
  p := pos(':', AStr);
  if p = 0 then exit(false);
  s1 := copy(AStr, 1, p-1);
  s2 := copy(AStr, p+1, Length(AStr));

  // Then parse each of them
  Result := ParseCellString(s1, AFirstCellRow, AFirstCellCol);
  if not Result then Exit;
  Result := ParseCellString(s2, LastCellRow, LastCellCol);
  if not Result then Exit;

  if AFirstCellRow = LastCellRow then
  begin
    ADirection := fpsHorizontalSelection;
    ACount := LastCellCol - AFirstCellCol + 1;
  end
  else if AFirstCellCol = LastCellCol then
  begin
    ADirection := fpsVerticalSelection;
    ACount := LastCellRow - AFirstCellRow + 1;
  end
  else Exit(False);
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Parses strings like A5:C10 into a range selection information.
  Returns in AFlags also information on relative/absolute cells.

  @param  AStr           Cell range string, such as A5:C10
  @param  AFirstCellRow  Row index of the top/left cell of the range (output)
  @param  AFirstCellCol  Column index of the top/left cell of the range (output)
  @param  ALastCellRow   Row index of the bottom/right cell of the range (output)
  @param  ALastCellCol   Column index of the bottom/right cell of the range (output)
  @param  AFlags         a set containing an element for AFirstCellRow, AFirstCellCol,
                         ALastCellRow, ALastCellCol if they represent relative
                         cell addresses.

  @return                false if the string is not a valid cell range
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function ParseCellRangeString(const AStr: string;
  out AFirstCellRow, AFirstCellCol, ALastCellRow, ALastCellCol: Cardinal;
  out AFlags: TsRelFlags): Boolean;
var
  p: Integer;
  s: String;
  f: TsRelFlags;
begin
  Result := True;

  // First find the colon
  p := pos(':', AStr);
  if p = 0 then exit(false);

  // Analyze part after the colon
  s := copy(AStr, p+1, Length(AStr));
  Result := ParseCellString(s, ALastCellRow, ALastCellCol, f);
  if not Result then exit;

  // Analyze part before the colon
  s := copy(AStr, 1, p-1);
  Result := ParseCellString(s, AFirstCellRow, AFirstCellCol, AFlags);

  // Add flags of 2nd part
  if rfRelRow in f then Include(AFlags, rfRelRow2);
  if rfRelCol in f then Include(AFlags, rfRelCol2);
end;


{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Parses strings like A5:C10 into a range selection information.
  Information on relative/absolute cells is ignored.

  @param  AStr           Cell range string, such as A5:C10
  @param  AFirstCellRow  Row index of the top/left cell of the range (output)
  @param  AFirstCellCol  Column index of the top/left cell of the range (output)
  @param  ALastCellRow   Row index of the bottom/right cell of the range (output)
  @param  ALastCellCol   Column index of the bottom/right cell of the range (output)
  @return                false if the string is not a valid cell range
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function ParseCellRangeString(const AStr: string;
  out AFirstCellRow, AFirstCellCol, ALastCellRow, ALastCellCol: Cardinal): Boolean;
var
  flags: TsRelFlags;
begin
  Result := ParseCellRangeString(AStr,
    AFirstCellRow, AFirstCellCol,
    ALastCellRow, ALastCellCol,
    flags
  );
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Parses strings like A5:C10 into a range selection information.
  Returns in AFlags also information on relative/absolute cells.

  @param  AStr           Cell range string, such as A5:C10
  @param  ARange         TsCellRange record of the zero-based row and column
                         indexes of the top/left and right/bottom corrners
  @param  AFlags         a set containing an element for ARange.Row1 (top row),
                         ARange.Col1 (left column), ARange.Row2 (bottom row),
                         ARange.Col2 (right column) if they represent relative
                         cell addresses.
  @return                false if the string is not a valid cell range
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function ParseCellRangeString(const AStr: String;
  out ARange: TsCellRange; out AFlags: TsRelFlags): Boolean;
begin
  Result := ParseCelLRangeString(AStr, ARange.Row1, ARange.Col1, ARange.Row2,
    ARange.Col2, AFlags);
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Parses strings like A5:C10 into a range selection information.
  Information on relative/absolute cells is ignored.

  @param  AStr           Cell range string, such as A5:C10
  @param  ARange         TsCellRange record of the zero-based row and column
                         indexes of the top/left and right/bottom corrners
  @return                false if the string is not a valid cell range
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function ParseCellRangeString(const AStr: String;
  out ARange: TsCellRange): Boolean;
begin
  Result := ParseCellRangeString(AStr, ARange.Row1, ARange.Col1, ARange.Row2,
    ARange.Col2);
end;


{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Parses a cell string, like 'A1' into zero-based column and row numbers
  Note that there can be several letters to address for more than 26 columns.
  'AFlags' indicates relative addresses.

  @param  AStr      Cell range string, such as A1
  @param  ACellRow  Row index of the top/left cell of the range (output)
  @param  ACellCol  Column index of the top/left cell of the range (output)
  @param  AFlags    A set containing an element for ACellRow and/or ACellCol,
                    if they represent a relative cell address.
  @return           False if the string is not a valid cell range

  @example "AMP$200" --> (rel) column 1029 (= 26*26*1 + 26*16 + 26 - 1)
                         (abs) row = 199 (abs)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function ParseCellString(const AStr: String; out ACellRow, ACellCol: Cardinal;
  out AFlags: TsRelFlags): Boolean;

  function Scan(AStartPos: Integer): Boolean;
  const
    LETTERS = ['A'..'Z'];
    DIGITS  = ['0'..'9'];
  var
    i: Integer;
    isAbs: Boolean;
  begin
    Result := false;

    i := AStartPos;
    // Scan letters
    while (i <= Length(AStr)) do begin
      if (UpCase(AStr[i]) in LETTERS) then begin
        ACellCol := Cardinal(ord(UpCase(AStr[i])) - ord('A')) + 1 + ACellCol * 26;
        if ACellCol >= MAX_COL_COUNT then
          // too many columns (dropping this limitation could cause overflow
          // if a too long string is passed
          exit;
        inc(i);
      end
      else
      if (AStr[i] in DIGITS) or (AStr[i] = '$') then
        break
      else begin
        ACellCol := 0;
        exit;      // Only letters or $ allowed
      end;
    end;
    if AStartPos = 1 then Include(AFlags, rfRelCol);

    if i > Length(AStr) then
      exit;

    isAbs := (AStr[i] = '$');
    if isAbs then inc(i);

    if i > Length(AStr) then
      exit;

    // Scan digits
    while (i <= Length(AStr)) do begin
      if (AStr[i] in DIGITS) then begin
        ACellRow := Cardinal(ord(AStr[i]) - ord('0')) + ACellRow * 10;
        inc(i);
      end
      else begin
        ACellCol := 0;
        ACellRow := 0;
        AFlags := [];
        exit;
      end;
    end;

    dec(ACellCol);
    dec(ACellRow);
    if not isAbs then Include(AFlags, rfRelRow);

    Result := true;
  end;

begin
  ACellCol := 0;
  ACellRow := 0;
  AFlags := [];

  if AStr = '' then
    Exit(false);

  if (AStr[1] = '$') then
    Result := Scan(2)
  else
    Result := Scan(1);
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Parses a cell string, like 'A1' into zero-based column and row numbers
  Note that there can be several letters to address for more than 26 columns.

  For compatibility with old version which does not return flags for relative
  cell addresses.

  @param  AStr      Cell range string, such as A1
  @param  ACellRow  Row index of the top/left cell of the range (output)
  @param  ACellCol  Column index of the top/left cell of the range (output)
  @return           False if the string is not a valid cell range
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function ParseCellString(const AStr: string;
  out ACellRow, ACellCol: Cardinal): Boolean;
var
  flags: TsRelFlags;
begin
  Result := ParseCellString(AStr, ACellRow, ACellCol, flags);
end;

function ParseSheetCellString(const AStr: String; out ASheetName: String;
  out ACellRow, ACellCol: Cardinal): Boolean;
var
  p: Integer;
begin
  p := UTF8Pos('!', AStr);
  if p = 0 then begin
    Result := ParseCellString(AStr, ACellRow, ACellCol);
    ASheetName := '';
  end else begin
    ASheetName := UTF8Copy(AStr, 1, p-1);
    Result := ParseCellString(UTF8Copy(AStr, p+1, UTF8Length(AStr)), ACellRow, ACellCol);
  end;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Parses a cell row string to a zero-based row number.

  @param  AStr      Cell row string, such as '1', 1-based!
  @param  AResult   Index of the row (zero-based!) (putput)
  @return           False if the string is not a valid cell row string
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function ParseCellRowString(const AStr: string; out AResult: Cardinal): Boolean;
begin
  try
    AResult := StrToInt(AStr) - 1;
  except
    Result := False;
  end;
  Result := True;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Parses a cell column string, like 'A' or 'CZ', into a zero-based column number.
  Note that there can be several letters to address more than 26 columns.

  @param  AStr      Cell range string, such as A1
  @param  AResult   Zero-based index of the column (output)
  @return           False if the string is not a valid cell column string
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function ParseCellColString(const AStr: string; out AResult: Cardinal): Boolean;
const
  INT_NUM_LETTERS = 26;
begin
  Result := False;
  AResult := 0;

  if Length(AStr) = 1 then AResult := Ord(AStr[1]) - Ord('A')
  else if Length(AStr) = 2 then
  begin
    AResult := (Ord(AStr[1]) - Ord('A') + 1) * INT_NUM_LETTERS
     + Ord(AStr[2]) - Ord('A');
  end
  else if Length(AStr) = 3 then
  begin
    AResult := (Ord(AStr[1]) - Ord('A') + 1) * INT_NUM_LETTERS * INT_NUM_LETTERS
     + (Ord(AStr[2]) - Ord('A') + 1) * INT_NUM_LETTERS
     +  Ord(AStr[3]) - Ord('A');
  end
  else Exit(False);

  Result := True;
end;

function Letter(AValue: Integer): char;
begin
  Result := Char(AValue + ord('A'));
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Calculates an Excel column name ('A', 'B' etc) from the zero-based column index

  @param  AColIndex   Zero-based column index
  @return  Letter-based column name string. Can contain several letter in case of
           more than 26 columns
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function GetColString(AColIndex: Integer): String;
{ Code adapted from:
  http://stackoverflow.com/questions/12796973/vba-function-to-convert-column-number-to-letter }
var
  n: Integer;
  c: byte;
begin
  Result := '';
  n := AColIndex + 1;
  while (n > 0) do begin
    c := (n - 1) mod 26;
    Result := char(c + ord('A')) + Result;
    n := (n - c) div 26;
  end;
end;

const
  RELCHAR: Array[boolean] of String = ('$', '');

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Calculates a cell address string from zero-based column and row indexes and
  the relative address state flags.

  @param   ARowIndex   Zero-based row index
  @param   AColIndex   Zero-based column index
  @param   AFlags      An optional set containing an entry for column and row
                       if these addresses are relative. By default, relative
                       addresses are assumed.
  @return  Excel type of cell address containing $ characters for absolute
           address parts.
  @example ARowIndex = 0, AColIndex = 0, AFlags = [rfRelRow] --> $A1
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function GetCellString(ARow, ACol: Cardinal;
  AFlags: TsRelFlags = [rfRelRow, rfRelCol]): String;
begin
  Result := Format('%s%s%s%d', [
    RELCHAR[rfRelCol in AFlags], GetColString(ACol),
    RELCHAR[rfRelRow in AFlags], ARow+1
  ]);
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Calculates a cell range address string from zero-based column and row indexes
  and the relative address state flags.

  @param   ARow1       Zero-based index of the first row in the range
  @param   ACol1       Zero-based index of the first column in the range
  @param   ARow2       Zero-based index of the last row in the range
  @param   ACol2       Zero-based index of the last column in the range
  @param   AFlags      A set containing an entry for first and last column and
                       row if their addresses are relative.
  @param   Compact     If the range consists only of a single cell and compact
                       is true then the simple cell string is returned (e.g. A1).
                       If compact is false then the cell is repeated (e.g. A1:A1)
  @return  Excel type of cell address range containing '$' characters for absolute
           address parts and a ':' to separate the first and last cells of the
           range
  @example ARow1 = 0, ACol1 = 0, ARow = 2, ACol = 1, AFlags = [rfRelRow, rfRelRow2]
           --> $A1:$B3
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function GetCellRangeString(ARow1, ACol1, ARow2, ACol2: Cardinal;
  AFlags: TsRelFlags = rfAllRel; Compact: Boolean = false): String;
begin
  if Compact and (ARow1 = ARow2) and (ACol1 = ACol2) then
    Result := GetCellString(ARow1, ACol1, AFlags)
  else
    Result := Format('%s%s%s%d:%s%s%s%d', [
      RELCHAR[rfRelCol in AFlags], GetColString(ACol1),
      RELCHAR[rfRelRow in AFlags], ARow1 + 1,
      RELCHAR[rfRelCol2 in AFlags], GetColString(ACol2),
      RELCHAR[rfRelRow2 in AFlags], ARow2 + 1
    ]);
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Calculates a cell range address string from a TsCellRange record
  and the relative address state flags.

  @param   ARange      TsCellRange record containing the zero-based indexes of
                       the first and last row and columns of the range
  @param   AFlags      A set containing an entry for first and last column and
                       row if their addresses are relative.
  @param   Compact     If the range consists only of a single cell and compact
                       is true then the simple cell string is returned (e.g. A1).
                       If compact is false then the cell is repeated (e.g. A1:A1)
  @return  Excel type of cell address range containing '$' characters for absolute
           address parts and a ':' to separate the first and last cells of the
           range
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function GetCellRangeString(ARange: TsCellRange;
  AFlags: TsRelFlags = rfAllRel; Compact: Boolean = false): String;
begin
  Result := GetCellRangeString(ARange.Row1, ARange.Col1, ARange.Row2, ARange.Col2,
    AFlags, Compact);
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Returns the message text assigned to an error value

  @param   AErrorValue  Error code as defined by TsErrorvalue
  @return  Text corresponding to the error code.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function GetErrorValueStr(AErrorValue: TsErrorValue): String;
begin
  case AErrorValue of
    errOK                   : Result := '';
    errEmptyIntersection    : Result := '#NULL!';
    errDivideByZero         : Result := '#DIV/0!';
    errWrongType            : Result := '#VALUE!';
    errIllegalRef           : Result := '#REF!';
    errWrongName            : Result := '#NAME?';
    errOverflow             : Result := '#NUM!';
    errArgError             : Result := '#N/A';
    // --- no Excel errors --
    errFormulaNotSupported  : Result := '#FORMULA?';
    else                      Result := '#UNKNOWN ERROR';
  end;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Returns the name of the given spreadsheet file format.

  @param   AFormat  Identifier of the file format
  @return  'BIFF2', 'BIFF3', 'BIFF4', 'BIFF5', 'BIFF8', 'OOXML', 'Open Document',
           'CSV, 'WikiTable Pipes', or 'WikiTable WikiMedia"
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function GetFileFormatName(AFormat: TsSpreadsheetFormat): string;
begin
  case AFormat of
    sfExcel2              : Result := 'BIFF2';
    sfExcel5              : Result := 'BIFF5';
    sfExcel8              : Result := 'BIFF8';
    sfooxml               : Result := 'OOXML';
    sfOpenDocument        : Result := 'Open Document';
    sfCSV                 : Result := 'CSV';
    sfWikiTable_Pipes     : Result := 'WikiTable Pipes';
    sfWikiTable_WikiMedia : Result := 'WikiTable WikiMedia';
    else                    Result := rsUnknownSpreadsheetFormat;
  end;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Returns the default extension of each spreadsheet file format

  @param  AFormat  Identifier of the file format
  @retur  File extension
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function GetFileFormatExt(AFormat: TsSpreadsheetFormat): String;
begin
  case AFormat of
    sfExcel2,
    sfExcel5,
    sfExcel8              : Result := STR_EXCEL_EXTENSION;
    sfOOXML               : Result := STR_OOXML_EXCEL_EXTENSION;
    sfOpenDocument        : Result := STR_OPENDOCUMENT_CALC_EXTENSION;
    sfCSV                 : Result := STR_COMMA_SEPARATED_EXTENSION;
    sfWikiTable_Pipes     : Result := STR_WIKITABLE_PIPES_EXTENSION;
    sfWikiTable_WikiMedia : Result := STR_WIKITABLE_WIKIMEDIA_EXTENSION;
    else                    raise Exception.Create(rsUnknownSpreadsheetFormat);
  end;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Determines the spreadsheet type from the file type extension

  @param   AFileName   Name of the file to be considered
  @param   SheetType   File format found from analysis of the extension (output)
  @return  True if the file matches any of the known formats, false otherwise
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function GetFormatFromFileName(const AFileName: TFileName;
  out SheetType: TsSpreadsheetFormat): Boolean;
var
  suffix: String;
begin
  Result := true;
  suffix := Lowercase(ExtractFileExt(AFileName));
  case suffix of
    STR_EXCEL_EXTENSION               : SheetType := sfExcel8;
    STR_OOXML_EXCEL_EXTENSION         : SheetType := sfOOXML;
    STR_OPENDOCUMENT_CALC_EXTENSION   : SheetType := sfOpenDocument;
    STR_COMMA_SEPARATED_EXTENSION     : SheetType := sfCSV;
    STR_WIKITABLE_PIPES_EXTENSION     : SheetType := sfWikiTable_Pipes;
    STR_WIKITABLE_WIKIMEDIA_EXTENSION : SheetType := sfWikiTable_WikiMedia;
    else                                Result := False;
  end;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Helper function to reduce typing: "if a conditions is true return the first
  number format, otherwise return the second format"

  @param   ACondition   Boolean expression
  @param   AValue1      First built-in number format code
  @param   AValue2      Second built-in number format code
  @return  AValue1 if ACondition is true, AValue2 otherwise.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function IfThen(ACondition: Boolean;
  AValue1, AValue2: TsNumberFormat): TsNumberFormat;
begin
  if ACondition then Result := AValue1 else Result := AValue2;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Builds a date/time format string from the number format code.

  @param   ANumberFormat    built-in number format identifier
  @param   AFormatSettings  Format settings from which locale-dependent
                            information like day-month-year order is taken.
  @param   AFormatString    Optional pre-built formatting string. It is used
                            only for the format nfInterval where square brackets
                            are added to the first time code field.
  @return  String of date/time formatting code constructed from the built-in
           format information.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function BuildDateTimeFormatString(ANumberFormat: TsNumberFormat;
  const AFormatSettings: TFormatSettings; AFormatString: String = '') : string;
var
  i, j: Integer;
  Unwanted: set of ansichar;
begin
  case ANumberFormat of
    nfShortDateTime:
      Result := AFormatSettings.ShortDateFormat + ' ' + AFormatSettings.ShortTimeFormat;
      // In the DefaultFormatSettings this is: d/m/y hh:nn
    nfShortDate:
      Result := AFormatSettings.ShortDateFormat;   // --> d/m/y
    nfLongDate:
      Result := AFormatSettings.LongDateFormat;    // --> dd mm yyyy
    nfShortTime:
      Result := StripAMPM(AFormatSettings.ShortTimeFormat);    // --> hh:nn
    nfLongTime:
      Result := StripAMPM(AFormatSettings.LongTimeFormat);     // --> hh:nn:ss
    nfShortTimeAM:
      begin                                       // --> hh:nn AM/PM
        Result := AFormatSettings.ShortTimeFormat;
        if (pos('a', lowercase(AFormatSettings.ShortTimeFormat)) = 0) then
          Result := AddAMPM(Result, AFormatSettings);
      end;
    nfLongTimeAM:                                 // --> hh:nn:ss AM/PM
      begin
        Result := AFormatSettings.LongTimeFormat;
        if pos('a', lowercase(AFormatSettings.LongTimeFormat)) = 0 then
          Result := AddAMPM(Result, AFormatSettings);
      end;
    nfDayMonth,                                  // --> dd/mmm
    nfMonthYear:                                 // --> mmm/yy
      begin
        Result := AFormatSettings.ShortDateFormat;
        case ANumberFormat of
          nfDayMonth:
            unwanted := ['y', 'Y'];
          nfMonthYear:
            unwanted := ['d', 'D'];
        end;
        for i:=Length(Result) downto 1 do
          if Result[i] in unwanted then Delete(Result, i, 1);
        while not (Result[1] in (['m', 'M', 'd', 'D', 'y', 'Y'] - unwanted)) do
          Delete(Result, 1, 1);
        while not (Result[Length(Result)] in (['m', 'M', 'd', 'D', 'y', 'Y'] - unwanted)) do
          Delete(Result, Length(Result), 1);
        i := 1;
        while not (Result[i] in ['m', 'M']) do inc(i);
        j := i;
        while (j <= Length(Result)) and (Result[j] in ['m', 'M']) do inc(j);
        while (j - i < 3) do begin
          Insert(Result[i], Result, j);
          inc(j);
        end;
      end;
    nfTimeInterval:                               // --> [h]:nn:ss
      if AFormatString = '' then
        Result := '[h]:nn:ss'
      else
        Result := AddIntervalBrackets(AFormatString);
  end;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Builds a string list with samples of the predefined currency formats

  @param  AList            String list in which the format samples are stored
  @param  APositive        If true, samples are built for positive currency
                           values, otherwise for negative values
  @param  AValue           Currency value to be used when calculating the sample
                           strings
  @param  ACurrencySymbol  Currency symbol string to be used in the samples
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
procedure BuildCurrencyFormatList(AList: TStrings;
  APositive: Boolean; AValue: Double; const ACurrencySymbol: String);
var
  valueStr: String;
  i: Integer;
begin
  valueStr := Format('%.0n', [AValue]);
  AList.BeginUpdate;
  try
    if AList.Count = 0 then
    begin
      if APositive then
        for i:=0 to High(POS_CURR_FMT) do
          AList.Add(Format(POS_CURR_FMT[i], [valueStr, ACurrencySymbol]))
      else
        for i:=0 to High(NEG_CURR_FMT) do
          AList.Add(Format(NEG_CURR_FMT[i], [valueStr, ACurrencySymbol]));
    end else
    begin
      if APositive then
        for i:=0 to High(POS_CURR_FMT) do
          AList[i] := Format(POS_CURR_FMT[i], [valueStr, ACurrencySymbol])
      else
        for i:=0 to High(NEG_CURR_FMT) do
          AList[i] := Format(NEG_CURR_FMT[i], [valueStr, ACurrencySymbol]);
    end;
  finally
    AList.EndUpdate;
  end;
end;


{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Builds a currency format string. The presentation of negative values (brackets,
  or minus signs) is taken from the provided format settings. The format string
  consists of three sections, separated by semicolons.

  @param  ANumberFormat   Identifier of the built-in number format for which the
                          format string is to be generated.
  @param  AFormatSettings FormatSettings to be applied (used to extract default
                          values for the next parameters)
  @param  ADecimals       number of decimal places. If < 0, the CurrencyDecimals
                          of the FormatSettings is used.
  @param  APosCurrFmt     Identifier for the order of currency symbol, value and
                          spaces of positive values
                          - see pcfXXXX constants in fpspreadsheet.pas.
                          If < 0, the CurrencyFormat of the FormatSettings is used.
  @param  ANegCurrFmt     Identifier for the order of currency symbol, value and
                          spaces of negative values. Specifies also usage of ().
                          - see ncfXXXX constants in fpspreadsheet.pas.
                          If < 0, the NegCurrFormat of the FormatSettings is used.
  @param  ACurrencySymbol Name of the currency, like $ or USD.
                          If ? the CurrencyString of the FormatSettings is used.
  @param  Accounting      If true, adds spaces for alignment of decimals

  @return String of formatting codes, such as '"$"#,##0.00;("$"#,##0.00);"$"0.00'
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function BuildCurrencyFormatString(ANumberFormat: TsNumberFormat;
  const AFormatSettings: TFormatSettings;
  ADecimals, APosCurrFmt, ANegCurrFmt: Integer; ACurrencySymbol: String;
  Accounting: Boolean = false): String;
{
const
  POS_FMT: array[0..3] of string = (
    // Format parameter 0 is "value", parameter 1 is "currency symbol"
    ('"%1:s"%0:s'),        // 0: $1
    ('%0:s"%1:s"'),        // 1: 1$
    ('"%1:s" %0:s'),       // 2: $ 1
    ('%0:s "%1:s"')        // 3: 1 $
  );
  NEG_FMT: array[0..15] of string = (
    ('("%1:s"%0:s)'),      //  0: ($1)
    ('-"%1:s"%0:s'),       //  1: -$1
    ('"%1:s"-%0:s'),       //  2: $-1
    ('"%1:s"%0:s-'),       //  3: $1-
    ('(%0:s"%1:s")'),      //  4: (1$)
    ('-%0:s"%1:s"'),       //  5: -1$
    ('%0:s-"%1:s"'),       //  6: 1-$
    ('%0:s"%1:s"-'),       //  7: 1$-
    ('-%0:s "%1:s"'),      //  8: -1 $
    ('-"%1:s" %0:s'),      //  9: -$ 1
    ('%0:s "%1:s"-'),      // 10: 1 $-
    ('"%1:s" %0:s-'),      // 11: $ 1-
    ('"%1:s" -%0:s'),      // 12: $ -1
    ('%0:s- "%1:s"'),      // 13: 1- $
    ('("%1:s" %0:s)'),     // 14: ($ 1)
    ('(%0:s "%1:s")')      // 15: (1 $)
  );
  }
var
  decs: String;
  pcf, ncf: Byte;
  p, n: String;
  negRed: Boolean;
begin
  pcf := IfThen(APosCurrFmt < 0, AFormatSettings.CurrencyFormat, APosCurrFmt);
  ncf := IfThen(ANegCurrFmt < 0, AFormatSettings.NegCurrFormat, ANegCurrFmt);
  if (ADecimals < 0) then
    ADecimals := AFormatSettings.CurrencyDecimals;
  if ACurrencySymbol = '?' then
    ACurrencySymbol := AFormatSettings.CurrencyString;
  if ACurrencySymbol <> '' then
    ACurrencySymbol := '"' + ACurrencySymbol + '"';
  decs := DupeString('0', ADecimals);
  if ADecimals > 0 then decs := '.' + decs;

  negRed := (ANumberFormat = nfCurrencyRed);
  p := POS_CURR_FMT[pcf];   // Format mask for positive values
  n := NEG_CURR_FMT[ncf];   // Format mask for negative values

  // add extra space for the sign of the number for perfect alignment in Excel
  if Accounting then
    case ncf of
      0, 14: p := p + '_)';
      3, 11: p := p + '_-';
       4, 15: p := '_(' + p;
      5, 8 : p := '_-' + p;
    end;

  if ACurrencySymbol <> '' then begin
    Result := Format(p, ['#,##0' + decs, ACurrencySymbol]) + ';'
            + IfThen(negRed, '[red]', '')
            + Format(n, ['#,##0' + decs, ACurrencySymbol]) + ';'
            + Format(p, ['0'+decs, ACurrencySymbol]);
  end
  else begin
    Result := '#,##0' + decs;
    if negRed then
      Result := Result +';[red]'
    else
      Result := Result +';';
    case ncf of
      0, 14, 15           : Result := Result + '(#,##0' + decs + ')';
      1, 2, 5, 6, 8, 9, 12: Result := Result + '-#,##0' + decs;
      else                  Result := Result + '#,##0' + decs + '-';
    end;
    Result := Result + ';0' + decs;
  end;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Builds a number format string for fraction formatting from the number format
  code and the count of numerator and denominator digits.

  @param  AMixedFraction     If TRUE fraction is presented as mixed fraction
  @param  ANumeratorDigits   Count of numerator digits
  @param  ADenominatorDigits Count of denominator digits

  @return String of formatting code, here something like: '##/##' or '# ##/##'
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function BuildFractionFormatString(AMixedFraction: Boolean;
  ANumeratorDigits, ADenominatorDigits: Integer): String;
begin
  if ADenominatorDigits < 0 then  // a negative value indicates a fixed denominator value
    Result := Format('%s/%d', [
      DupeString('?', ANumeratorDigits), -ADenominatorDigits
    ])
  else
    Result := Format('%s/%s', [
      DupeString('?', ANumeratorDigits), DupeString('?', ADenominatorDigits)
    ]);
  if AMixedFraction then
    Result := '# ' + Result;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Builds a number format string from the number format code and the count of
  decimal places.

  @param  ANumberFormat   Identifier of the built-in numberformat for which a
                          format string is to be generated
  @param  AFormatSettings FormatSettings for default parameters
  @param  ADecimals       Number of decimal places. If < 0 the CurrencyDecimals
                          value of the FormatSettings is used.

  @return String of formatting codes, such as '#,##0.00' for nfFixedTh and 2 decimals
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function BuildNumberFormatString(ANumberFormat: TsNumberFormat;
  const AFormatSettings: TFormatSettings; ADecimals: Integer = -1): String;
var
  decs: String;
begin
  Result := '';
  if ADecimals = -1 then
    ADecimals := AFormatSettings.CurrencyDecimals;
  decs := DupeString('0', ADecimals);
  if ADecimals > 0 then decs := '.' + decs;
  case ANumberFormat of
    nfFixed:
      Result := '0' + decs;
    nfFixedTh:
      Result := '#,##0' + decs;
    nfExp:
      Result := '0' + decs + 'E+00';
    nfPercentage:
      Result := '0' + decs + '%';
    nfFraction:
      if ADecimals = 0 then
        Result := '# ??/??'
      else
      begin
        decs := DupeString('?', ADecimals);
        Result := '# ' + decs + '/' + decs;
      end;
    nfCurrency, nfCurrencyRed:
      Result := BuildCurrencyFormatString(ANumberFormat, AFormatSettings,
        ADecimals, AFormatSettings.CurrencyFormat, AFormatSettings.NegCurrFormat,
        AFormatSettings.CurrencyString);
    nfShortDateTime, nfShortDate, nfLongDate, nfShortTime, nfLongTime,
    nfShortTimeAM, nfLongTimeAM, nfDayMonth, nfMonthYear, nfTimeInterval:
      raise Exception.Create('BuildNumberFormatString: Use BuildDateTimeFormatSstring '+
        'to create a format string for date/time values.');
  end;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Adds an AM/PM format code to a pre-built time formatting string. The strings
  replacing "AM" or "PM" in the final formatted number are taken from the
  TimeAMString or TimePMString of the given FormatSettings.

  @param   ATimeFormatString  String of time formatting codes (such as 'hh:nn')
  @param   AFormatSettings    FormatSettings for locale-dependent information
  @result  Formatting string with AM/PM option activated.

  Example:  ATimeFormatString = 'hh:nn' ==> 'hh:nn AM/PM'
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function AddAMPM(const ATimeFormatString: String;
  const AFormatSettings: TFormatSettings): String;
var
  am, pm: String;
begin
  am := IfThen(AFormatSettings.TimeAMString <> '', AFormatSettings.TimeAMString, 'AM');
  pm := IfThen(AFormatSettings.TimePMString <> '', AFormatSettings.TimePMString, 'PM');
  Result := Format('%s %s/%s', [StripAMPM(ATimeFormatString), am, pm]);
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Removes an AM/PM formatting code from a given time formatting string. Variants
  of "AM/PM" are considered as well. The string is left unchanged if it does not
  contain AM/PM codes.

  @param   ATimeFormatString  String of time formatting codes (such as 'hh:nn AM/PM')
  @return  Formatting string with AM/PM being removed (--> 'hh:nn')
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function StripAMPM(const ATimeFormatString: String): String;
var
  i: Integer;
begin
  Result := '';
  i := 1;
  while i <= Length(ATimeFormatString) do begin
    if ATimeFormatString[i] in ['a', 'A'] then begin
      inc(i);
      while (i <= Length(ATimeFormatString)) and (ATimeFormatString[i] in ['p', 'P', 'm', 'M', '/'])  do
        inc(i);
    end else
      Result := Result + ATimeFormatString[i];
    inc(i);
  end;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Counts how many decimal places are coded into a given formatting string.

  @param   AFormatString   String with number format codes, such as '0.000'
  @param   ADecChars       Characters which are considered as symbols for decimals.
                           For the fixed decimals, this is the '0'. Optional
                           decimals are encoced as '#'.
  @return  Count of decimal places found (3 in above example).
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function CountDecs(AFormatString: String; ADecChars: TsDecsChars = ['0']): Byte;
var
  i: Integer;
begin
  Result := 0;
  i := 1;
  while (i <= Length(AFormatString)) do begin
    if AFormatString[i] = '.' then begin
      inc(i);
      while (i <= Length(AFormatString)) and (AFormatString[i] in ADecChars) do begin
        inc(i);
        inc(Result);
      end;
      exit;
    end else
      inc(i);
  end;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  The given format string is assumed to represent a time interval, i.e. its
  first time symbol must be enclosed by square brackets. Checks if this is true,
  and adds the brackes if not.

  @param   AFormatString   String with time formatting codes
  @return  Unchanged format string if its first time code is in square brackets
           (as in '[h]:nn:ss'), if not, the first time code is enclosed in
           square brackets.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function AddIntervalBrackets(AFormatString: String): String;
var
  p: Integer;
  s1, s2: String;
begin
  if AFormatString[1] = '[' then
    Result := AFormatString
  else begin
    p := pos(':', AFormatString);
    if p <> 0 then begin
      s1 := copy(AFormatString, 1, p-1);
      s2 := copy(AFormatString, p, Length(AFormatString));
      Result := Format('[%s]%s', [s1, s2]);
    end else
      Result := Format('[%s]', [AFormatString]);
  end;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Concatenates the day names specified in ADayNames to a single string. If all
  daynames are empty AEmptyStr is returned

  @param   ADayNames   Array[1..7] of day names as used in the Formatsettings
  @param   AEmptyStr   Is returned if all day names are empty
  @return  String having all day names concatenated and separated by the
           DefaultFormatSettings.ListSeparator
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function DayNamesToString(const ADayNames: TWeekNameArray;
  const AEmptyStr: String): String;
var
  i: Integer;
  isEmpty: Boolean;
begin
  isEmpty := true;
  for i:=1 to 7 do
    if ADayNames[i] <> '' then
    begin
      isEmpty := false;
      break;
    end;

  if isEmpty then
    Result := AEmptyStr
  else
  begin
    Result := ADayNames[1];
    for i:=2 to 7 do
      Result := Result + DefaultFormatSettings.ListSeparator + ' ' + ADayNames[i];
  end;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Approximates a floating point value as a fraction and returns the values of
  numerator and denominator.

  @param   AValue           Floating point value to be analyzed
  @param   AMaxNumerator    Maximum value of the numerator allowed
  @param   AMaxDenominator  Maximum value of the denominator allowed
  @param   ANumerator       (out) Numerator of the best approximating fraction
  @param   ADenominator     (out) Denominator of the best approximating fraction
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
procedure FloatToFraction(AValue, APrecision: Double;
  AMaxNumerator, AMaxDenominator: Int64; out ANumerator, ADenominator: Int64);
// Uses method of continued fractions, adapted version from a function in
// Bart Broersma's fractions.pp unit:
// http://svn.code.sf.net/p/flyingsheep/code/trunk/ConsoleProjecten/fractions/
const
  MaxInt64 = High(Int64);
  MinInt64 = Low(Int64);
var
  H1, H2, K1, K2, A, NewA, tmp, prevH1, prevK1: Int64;
  B, diff, test: Double;
  PendingOverflow: Boolean;
  i: Integer = 0;
begin
  Assert((APrecision > 0) and (APrecision < 1));

  if (AValue > MaxInt64) or (AValue < MinInt64) then
    raise Exception.Create('Range error');

  if abs(AValue) < 0.5 / AMaxDenominator then
  begin
    ANumerator := 0;
    ADenominator := AMaxDenominator;
    exit;
  end;

  H1 := 1;
  H2 := 0;
  K1 := 0;
  K2 := 1;
  B := AValue;
  NewA := Round(Floor(B));
  prevH1 := H1;
  prevK1 := K1;
  repeat
    inc(i);
    A := NewA;
    tmp := H1;
    H1 := A * H1 + H2;
    H2 := tmp;
    tmp := K1;
    K1 := A * K1 + K2;
    K2 := tmp;
    test := H1/K1;
    diff := test - AValue;
    if (abs(diff) < APrecision) then
      break;
    if (abs(H1) >= AMaxNumerator) or (abs(K1) >= AMaxDenominator) then
    begin
      H1 := prevH1;
      K1 := prevK1;
      break;
    end;
    if (Abs(B - A) < 1E-30) then
      B := 1E30   //happens when H1/K1 exactly matches Value
    else
      B := 1 / (B - A);
    PendingOverFlow := (B * H1 + H2 > MaxInt64) or
                       (B * K1 + K2 > MaxInt64) or
                       (B > MaxInt64);
    if not PendingOverflow then
      NewA := Round(Floor(B));
    prevH1 := H1;
    prevK1 := K1;
  until PendingOverflow;
  ANumerator := H1;
  ADenominator := K1;
end;


{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Creates a long date format string out of a short date format string.
  Retains the order of year-month-day and the separators, but uses 4 digits
  for year and 3 digits of month.

  @param  ADateFormat   String with date formatting code representing a
                        "short" date, such as 'dd/mm/yy'
  @return Format string modified to represent a "long" date, such as 'dd/mmm/yyyy'
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function MakeLongDateFormat(ADateFormat: String): String;
var
  i: Integer;
begin
  Result := '';
  i := 1;
  while i < Length(ADateFormat) do begin
    case ADateFormat[i] of
      'y', 'Y':
        begin
          Result := Result + DupeString(ADateFormat[i], 4);
          while (i < Length(ADateFormat)) and (ADateFormat[i] in ['y','Y']) do
            inc(i);
        end;
      'm', 'M':
        begin
          result := Result + DupeString(ADateFormat[i], 3);
          while (i < Length(ADateFormat)) and (ADateFormat[i] in ['m','M']) do
            inc(i);
        end;
      else
        Result := Result + ADateFormat[i];
        inc(i);
    end;
  end;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Modifies the short date format such that it has a two-digit year and a two-digit
  month. Retains the order of year-month-day and the separators.

  @param   ADateFormat   String with date formatting codes representing a
                         "long" date, such as 'dd/mmm/yyyy'
  @return  Format string modified to represent a "short" date, such as 'dd/mm/yy'
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function MakeShortDateFormat(ADateFormat: String): String;
var
  i: Integer;
begin
  Result := '';
  i := 1;
  while i < Length(ADateFormat) do begin
    case ADateFormat[i] of
      'y', 'Y':
        begin
          Result := Result + DupeString(ADateFormat[i], 2);
          while (i < Length(ADateFormat)) and (ADateFormat[i] in ['y','Y']) do
            inc(i);
        end;
      'm', 'M':
        begin
          result := Result + DupeString(ADateFormat[i], 2);
          while (i < Length(ADateFormat)) and (ADateFormat[i] in ['m','M']) do
            inc(i);
        end;
      else
        Result := Result + ADateFormat[i];
        inc(i);
    end;
  end;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Concatenates the month names specified in AMonthNames to a single string.
  If all month names are empty AEmptyStr is returned

  @param   AMonthNames  Array[1..12] of month names as used in the Formatsettings
  @param   AEmptyStr    Is returned if all month names are empty
  @return  String having all month names concatenated and separated by the
           DefaultFormatSettings.ListSeparator
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function MonthNamesToString(const AMonthNames: TMonthNameArray;
  const AEmptyStr: String): String;
var
  i: Integer;
  isEmpty: Boolean;
begin
  isEmpty := true;
  for i:=1 to 12 do
    if AMonthNames[i] <> '' then
    begin
      isEmpty := false;
      break;
    end;

  if isEmpty then
    Result := AEmptyStr
  else
  begin
    Result := AMonthNames[1];
    for i:=2 to 12 do
      Result := Result + DefaultFormatSettings.ListSeparator + ' ' + AMonthNames[i];
  end;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Creates the formatstrings for the date/time codes "dm", "my", "ms" and "msz"
  out of the formatsettings.

  @param   ACode   Quick formatting code for parts of date/time number formats;
                     "dm" = day + month
                     "my" = month + year
                     "ms" = minutes + seconds
                     "msz" = minutes + seconds + fractions of a second
  @return  String of formatting codes according to the parameter ACode
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function SpecialDateTimeFormat(ACode: String;
  const AFormatSettings: TFormatSettings; ForWriting: Boolean): String;
var
  pd, pm, py: Integer;
  sdf: String;
  MonthChar, MinuteChar, MillisecChar: Char;
begin
  if ForWriting then begin
    MonthChar := 'M'; MinuteChar := 'm'; MillisecChar := '0';
  end else begin
    MonthChar := 'm'; MinuteChar := 'n'; MillisecChar := 'z';
  end;
  ACode := lowercase(ACode);
  sdf := lowercase(AFormatSettings.ShortDateFormat);
  pd := pos('d', sdf);
  pm := pos('m', sdf);
  py := pos('y', sdf);
  if ACode = 'dm' then begin
    Result := DupeString(MonthChar, 3);
    Result := IfThen(pd < py, 'd/'+Result, Result+'/d');            // d/mmm
  end else
  if ACode = 'my' then begin
    Result := DupeString(MonthChar, 3);
    Result := IfThen(pm < py, Result+'/yy', 'yy/'+Result);          // mmm/yy
  end else
  if ACode = 'ms' then begin
    Result := DupeString(MinuteChar, 2) + ':ss';                    // mm:ss
  end
  else if ACode = 'msz' then
    Result := DupeString(MinuteChar, 2) + ':ss.' + MillisecChar     // mm:ss.z
  else
    Result := ACode;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Currency formatting strings consist of three parts, separated by
  semicolons, which are valid for positive, negative or zero values.
  Splits such a formatting string at the positions of the semicolons and
  returns the sections. If semicolons are used for other purposed within
  sections they have to be quoted by " or escaped by \. If the formatting
  string contains less sections than three the missing strings are returned
  as empty strings.

  @param   AFormatString  String of number formatting codes.
  @param   APositivePart  First section of the formatting string which is valid
                          for positive numbers (or positive and zero, if there
                          are only two sections)
  @param   ANegativePart  Second section of the formatting string which is valid
                          for negative numbers
  @param   AZeroPart      Third section of the formatting string for zero.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
(*
procedure SplitFormatString(const AFormatString: String; out APositivePart,
  ANegativePart, AZeroPart: String);

  procedure AddToken(AToken: Char; AWhere:Byte);
  begin
    case AWhere of
      0: APositivePart := APositivePart + AToken;
      1: ANegativePart := ANegativePart + AToken;
      2: AZeroPart := AZeroPart + AToken;
    end;
  end;

var
  P, PStart, PEnd: PChar;
  token: Char;
  where: Byte;  // 0 = positive part, 1 = negative part, 2 = zero part
begin
  APositivePart := '';
  ANegativePart := '';
  AZeroPart := '';
  if AFormatString = '' then
    exit;

  PStart := PChar(@AFormatString[1]);
  PEnd := PStart + Length(AFormatString);
  P := PStart;
  where := 0;
  while P < PEnd do begin
    token := P^;
    case token of
      '"': begin   // Let quoted text intact
             AddToken(token, where);
             inc(P);
             token := P^;
             while (P < PEnd) and (token <> '"') do begin
               AddToken(token, where);
               inc(P);
               token := P^;
             end;
             AddToken(token, where);
           end;
      ';': begin  // Separator between parts
             inc(where);
             if where = 3 then
               exit;
           end;
      '\': begin  // Skip "Escape" character and add next char immediately
             inc(P);
             token := P^;
             AddToken(token, where);
           end;
      else AddToken(token, where);
    end;
    inc(P);
  end;
end;
         *)
{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Creates a "time interval" format string having the first time code identifier
  in square brackets.

  @param  Src   Source format string, must be a time format string, like 'hh:nn'
  @param  Dest  Destination format string, will have the first time code element
                of the src format string in square brackets, like '[hh]:nn'.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
procedure MakeTimeIntervalMask(Src: String; var Dest: String);
var
  L: TStrings;
begin
  L := TStringList.Create;
  try
    L.StrictDelimiter := true;
    L.Delimiter := ':';
    L.DelimitedText := Src;
    if L[0][1] <> '[' then L[0] := '[' + L[0];
    if L[0][Length(L[0])] <> ']' then L[0] := L[0] + ']';
    Dest := L.DelimitedText;
  finally
    L.Free;
  end;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Converts a string to a floating point number. No assumption on decimal and
  thousand separator are made.
  Is needed for reading CSV files.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function TryStrToFloatAuto(AText: String; out ANumber: Double;
  out ADecimalSeparator, AThousandSeparator: Char; out AWarning: String): Boolean;
var
  i: Integer;
  testSep: Char;
  testSepPos: Integer;
  lastDigitPos: Integer;
  isPercent: Boolean;
  fs: TFormatSettings;
  done: Boolean;
begin
  Result := false;
  AWarning := '';
  ADecimalSeparator := #0;
  AThousandSeparator := #0;
  if AText = '' then
    exit;

  fs := DefaultFormatSettings;

  // We scan the string starting from its end. If we find a point or a comma,
  // we have a candidate for the decimal or thousand separator. If we find
  // the same character again it was a thousand separator, if not it was
  // a decimal separator.

  // There is one amgiguity: Using a thousand separator for number < 1.000.000,
  // but no decimal separator misinterprets the thousand separator as a
  // decimal separator.

  done := false;      // Indicates that both decimal and thousand separators are found
  testSep := #0;      // Separator candidate to be tested
  testSepPos := 0;    // Position of this separator candidate in the string
  lastDigitPos := 0;  // Position of the last numerical digit
  isPercent := false; // Flag for percentage format

  i := Length(AText);    // Start at end...
  while i >= 1 do        // ...and search towards start
  begin
    case AText[i] of
      '0'..'9':
        if (lastDigitPos = 0) and (AText[i] in ['0'..'9']) then
          lastDigitPos := i;

      'e', 'E':
        ;

      '%':
        begin
          isPercent := true;
          // There may be spaces before the % sign which we don't want
          dec(i);
          while (i >= 1) do
            if AText[i] = ' ' then
              dec(i)
            else
            begin
              inc(i);
              break;
            end;
        end;

      '+', '-':
        ;

      '.', ',':
        begin
          if testSep = #0 then begin
            testSep := AText[i];
            testSepPos := i;
          end;
          // This is the right-most separator candidate in the text
          // It can be a decimal or a thousand separator.
          // Therefore, we continue searching from here.
          dec(i);
          while i >= 1 do
          begin
            if not (AText[i] in ['0'..'9', '+', '-', '.', ',']) then
              exit;

            // If we find the testSep character again it must be a thousand separator,
            // and there are no decimals.
            if (AText[i] = testSep) then
            begin
              // ... but only if there are 3 numerical digits in between
              if (testSepPos - i = 4) then
              begin
                fs.ThousandSeparator := testSep;
                // The decimal separator is the "other" character.
                if testSep = '.' then
                  fs.DecimalSeparator := ','
                else
                  fs.DecimalSeparator := '.';
                AThousandSeparator := fs.ThousandSeparator;
                ADecimalSeparator := #0; // this indicates that there are no decimals
                done := true;
                i := 0;
              end else
              begin
                Result := false;
                exit;
              end;
            end
            else
            // If we find the "other" separator character, then testSep was a
            // decimal separator and the current character is a thousand separator.
            // But there must be 3 digits in between.
            if AText[i] in ['.', ','] then
            begin
              if testSepPos - i <> 4 then  // no 3 digits in between --> no number, maybe a date.
                exit;
              fs.DecimalSeparator := testSep;
              fs.ThousandSeparator := AText[i];
              ADecimalSeparator := fs.DecimalSeparator;
              AThousandSeparator := fs.ThousandSeparator;
              done := true;
              i := 0;
            end;
            dec(i);
          end;
        end;

      else
        exit;  // Non-numeric character found, no need to continue

    end;
    dec(i);
  end;

  // Only one separator candicate found, we assume it is a decimal separator
  if (testSep <> #0) and not done then
  begin
    // Warning in case of ambiguous detection of separator. If only one separator
    // type is found and it is at the third position from the string's end it
    // might by a thousand separator or a decimal separator. We assume the
    // latter case, but create a warning.
    if (lastDigitPos - testSepPos = 3) and not isPercent then
      AWarning := Format(rsAmbiguousDecThouSeparator, [AText]);
    fs.DecimalSeparator := testSep;
    ADecimalSeparator := fs.DecimalSeparator;
    // Make sure that the thousand separator is different from the decimal sep.
    if testSep = '.' then fs.ThousandSeparator := ',' else fs.ThousandSeparator := '.';
  end;

  // Delete all thousand separators from the string - StrToFloat does not like them...
  AText := StringReplace(AText, fs.ThousandSeparator, '', [rfReplaceAll]);

  // Is the last character a percent sign?
  if isPercent then
    while (Length(AText) > 0) and (AText[Length(AText)] in ['%', ' ']) do
      Delete(AText, Length(AText), 1);

  // Try string-to-number conversion
  Result := TryStrToFloat(AText, ANumber, fs);

  // If successful ...
  if Result then
  begin
    // ... take care of the percentage sign
    if isPercent then
      ANumber := ANumber * 0.01;
  end;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Assumes that the specified text is a string representation of a mathematical
  fraction and tries to extract the floating point value of this number.
  Returns also the maximum count of digits used in the numerator or
  denominator of the fraction

  @param  AText       String to be considered
  @param  ANumber     (out) value of the converted floating point number
  @param  AMaxDigits  Maximum count of digits used in the numerator or
                      denominator of the fraction

  @return TRUE if a number value can be retrieved successfully, FALSE otherwise

  @example  AText := '1 3/4' --> ANumber = 1.75; AMaxDigits = 1; Result = true
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function TryFractionStrToFloat(AText: String; out ANumber: Double;
  out AMaxDigits: Integer): Boolean;
var
  p: Integer;
  s, sInt, sNum, sDenom: String;
  i,num,denom: Integer;
begin
  Result := false;
  s := '';
  sInt := '';
  sNum := '';
  sDenom := '';

  p := 1;
  while p <= Length(AText) do begin
    case AText[p] of
      '0'..'9': s := s + AText[p];
      ' ': begin sInt := s; s := ''; end;
      '/': begin sNum := s; s := ''; end;
      else exit;
    end;
    inc(p);
  end;
  sDenom := s;

  if (sInt <> '') and not TryStrToInt(sInt, i) then
    exit;
  if (sNum = '') or not TryStrtoInt(sNum, num) then
    exit;
  if (sDenom = '') or not TryStrToInt(sDenom, denom) then
    exit;
  if denom = 0 then
    exit;

  ANumber := num / denom;
  if sInt <> '' then
    ANumber := ANumber + i;

  AMaxDigits := Length(sDenom);

  Result := true;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Excel's unit of row heights is "twips", i.e. 1/20 point.
  Converts Twips to points.

  @param   AValue   Length value in twips
  @return  Value converted to points
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function TwipsToPts(AValue: Integer): Single;
begin
  Result := AValue / 20;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Converts points to twips (1 twip = 1/20 point)

  @param   AValue   Length value in points
  @return  Value converted to twips
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function PtsToTwips(AValue: Single): Integer;
begin
  Result := round(AValue * 20);
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Converts centimeters to points (72 pts = 1 inch)

  @param   AValue  Length value in centimeters
  @return  Value converted to points
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function cmToPts(AValue: Double): Double;
begin
  Result := AValue * 72 / 2.54;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Converts points to centimeters

  @param   AValue   Length value in points
  @return  Value converted to centimeters
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function PtsToCm(AValue: Double): Double;
begin
  Result := AValue / 72 * 2.54;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Converts inches to millimeters

  @param   AValue   Length value in inches
  @return  Value converted to mm
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function InToMM(AValue: Double): Double;
begin
  Result := AValue * 25.4;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Converts millimeters to inches

  @param   AValue   Length value in millimeters
  @return  Value converted to inches
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function mmToIn(AValue: Double): Double;
begin
  Result := AValue / 25.4;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Converts inches to points (72 pts = 1 inch)

  @param   AValue   Length value in inches
  @return  Value converted to points
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function InToPts(AValue: Double): Double;
begin
  Result := AValue * 72;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Converts points to inches (72 pts = 1 inch)

  @param   AValue   Length value in points
  @return  Value converted to inches
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function PtsToIn(AValue: Double): Double;
begin
  Result := AValue / 72;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Converts millimeters to points (72 pts = 1 inch)

  @param   AValue   Length value in millimeters
  @return  Value converted to points
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function mmToPts(AValue: Double): Double;
begin
  Result := AValue * 72 / 25.4;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Converts points to millimeters

  @param    AValue   Length value in points
  @return   Value converted to millimeters
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function PtsToMM(AValue: Double): Double;
begin
  Result := AValue / 72 * 25.4;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Converts pixels to points.

  @param   AValue                Length value given in pixels
  @param   AScreenPixelsPerInch  Pixels per inch of the screen
  @return  Value converted to points
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function pxToPts(AValue, AScreenPixelsPerInch: Integer): Double;
begin
  Result := (AValue / AScreenPixelsPerInch) * 72;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Converts points to pixels
  @param   AValue                Length value given in points
  @param   AScreenPixelsPerInch  Pixels per inch of the screen
  @return  Value converted to pixels
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function PtsToPx(AValue: Double; AScreenPixelsPerInch: Integer): Integer;
begin
  Result := Round(AValue / 72 * AScreenPixelsPerInch);
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Converts a HTML length string to points. The units are assumed to be the last
  two digits of the string, such as '1.25in'

  @param   AValue   HTML string representing a length with appended units code,
                    such as '1.25in'. These unit codes are accepted:
                    'px' (pixels), 'pt' (points), 'in' (inches), 'mm' (millimeters),
                    'cm' (centimeters).
  @param   DefaultUnits  String identifying the units to be used if not contained
                         in AValue.
  @return  Extracted length in points
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function HTMLLengthStrToPts(AValue: String; DefaultUnits: String = 'pt'): Double;
var
  units: String;
  x: Double;
  res: Word;
begin
  if (Length(AValue) > 1) and (AValue[Length(AValue)] in ['a'..'z', 'A'..'Z']) then begin
    units := lowercase(Copy(AValue, Length(AValue)-1, 2));
    if units = '' then units := DefaultUnits;
    val(copy(AValue, 1, Length(AValue)-2), x, res);
    // No hasseling with the decimal point...
  end else begin
    units := DefaultUnits;
    val(AValue, x, res);
  end;
  if res <> 0 then
    raise Exception.CreateFmt('No valid number or units (%s)', [AValue]);

  if (units = 'pt') or (units = '') then
    Result := x
  else
  if units = 'in' then
    Result := InToPts(x)
  else if units = 'cm' then
    Result := cmToPts(x)
  else if units = 'mm' then
    Result := mmToPts(x)
  else if units = 'px' then
    Result := pxToPts(Round(x), ScreenPixelsPerInch)
  else
    raise Exception.Create('Unknown length units');
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Converts a HTML color string to a TsColorValue. Need for the ODS file format.

  @param   AValue         HTML color string, such as '#FF0000'
  @return  rgb color value in little endian byte-sequence. This value is
           compatible with the TColor data type of the graphics unit.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function HTMLColorStrToColor(AValue: String): TsColorValue;
begin
  if AValue = '' then
    Result := scNotDefined
  else
  if AValue[1] = '#' then begin
    AValue[1] := '$';
    Result := LongRGBToExcelPhysical(DWord(StrToInt(AValue)));
  end else begin
    AValue := lowercase(AValue);
    if AValue = 'red' then
      Result := $0000FF
    else if AValue = 'cyan' then
      Result := $FFFF00
    else if AValue = 'blue' then
      Result := $FF0000
    else if AValue = 'purple' then
      Result := $800080
    else if AValue = 'yellow' then
      Result := $00FFFF
    else if AValue = 'lime' then
      Result := $00FF00
    else if AValue = 'white' then
      Result := $FFFFFF
    else if AValue = 'black' then
      Result := $000000
    else if (AValue = 'gray') or (AValue = 'grey') then
      Result := $808080
    else if AValue = 'silver' then
      Result := $C0C0C0
    else if AValue = 'maroon' then
      Result := $000080
    else if AValue = 'green' then
      Result := $008000
    else if AValue = 'olive' then
      Result := $008080;
  end;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Converts an rgb color value to a string as used in HTML code (for ods)

  @param   AValue          RGB color value (compatible with the TColor data type
                           of the graphics unit)
  @param   AExcelDialect   If TRUE, returned string is in Excels format for xlsx,
                           i.e. in AARRGGBB notation, like '00FF0000' for "red"
  @return  HTML-compatible string, like '#FF0000' (AExcelDialect = false)
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function ColorToHTMLColorStr(AValue: TsColorValue; AExcelDialect: Boolean = false): String;
type
  TRGB = record r,g,b,a: Byte end;
var
  rgb: TRGB;
begin
  rgb := TRGB(AValue);
  if AExcelDialect then
    Result := Format('00%.2x%.2x%.2x', [rgb.r, rgb.g, rgb.b])
  else
    Result := Format('#%.2x%.2x%.2x', [rgb.r, rgb.g, rgb.b]);
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Converts a string encoded in UTF8 to a string usable in XML. For this purpose,
  some characters must be translated.

  @param   AText  input string encoded as UTF8
  @return  String usable in XML with some characters replaced by the HTML codes.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function UTF8TextToXMLText(AText: ansistring): ansistring;
var
  Idx:Integer;
  WrkStr, AppoSt:ansistring;
begin
  WrkStr:='';

  for Idx:=1 to Length(AText) do
  begin
    case AText[Idx] of
      '&': begin
        AppoSt:=Copy(AText, Idx, 6);

        if (Pos('&amp;',  AppoSt) = 1) or
           (Pos('&lt;',   AppoSt) = 1) or
           (Pos('&gt;',   AppoSt) = 1) or
           (Pos('&quot;', AppoSt) = 1) or
           (Pos('&apos;', AppoSt) = 1) then begin
          //'&' is the first char of a special chat, it must not be converted
          WrkStr:=WrkStr + AText[Idx];
        end else begin
          WrkStr:=WrkStr + '&amp;';
        end;
      end;
      '<': WrkStr:=WrkStr + '&lt;';
      '>': WrkStr:=WrkStr + '&gt;';
      '"': WrkStr:=WrkStr + '&quot;';
      '''':WrkStr:=WrkStr + '&apos;';
      {
      #10: WrkStr := WrkStr + '&#10;';
      #13: WrkStr := WrkStr + '&#13;';
      }
    else
      WrkStr:=WrkStr + AText[Idx];
    end;
  end;

  Result:=WrkStr;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Checks a string for characters that are not permitted in XML strings.
  The function returns FALSE if a character <#32 is contained (except for
  #9, #10, #13), TRUE otherwise. Invalid characters are replaced by a box symbol.

  If ReplaceSpecialChars is TRUE, some other characters are converted
  to valid HTML codes by calling UTF8TextToXMLText

  @param  AText                String to be checked. Is replaced by valid string.
  @param  ReplaceSpecialChars  Special characters are replaced by their HTML
                               codes (e.g. '>' --> '&gt;')
  @return FALSE if characters < #32 were replaced, TRUE otherwise.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function ValidXMLText(var AText: ansistring;
  ReplaceSpecialChars: Boolean = true): Boolean;
const
  BOX = #$E2#$8E#$95;
var
  i: Integer;
begin
  Result := true;
  for i := Length(AText) downto 1 do
    if (AText[i] < #32) and not (AText[i] in [#9, #10, #13]) then begin
      // Replace invalid character by box symbol
      Delete(AText, i, 1);
      Insert(BOX, AText, i);
//      AText[i] := '?';
      Result := false;
    end;
  if ReplaceSpecialChars then
    AText := UTF8TextToXMLText(AText);
end;


{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Extracts compare information from an input string such as "<2.4".
  Is needed for some Excel-strings.

  @param  AString     Input string starting with "<", "<=", ">", ">=", "<>" or "="
                      If this start code is missing a "=" is assumed.
  @param  ACompareOp  Identifier for the comparing operation extracted
                      - see TsCompareOperation
  @return Input string with the comparing characters stripped.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function AnalyzeComparestr(AString: String; out ACompareOp: TsCompareOperation): String;

  procedure RemoveChars(ACount: Integer; ACompare: TsCompareOperation);
  begin
    ACompareOp := ACompare;
    if ACount = 0 then
      Result := AString
    else
      Result := Copy(AString, 1+ACount, Length(AString));
  end;

begin
  if Length(AString) > 1 then
    case AString[1] of
      '<' : case AString[2] of
              '>' : RemoveChars(2, coNotEqual);
              '=' : RemoveChars(2, coLessEqual);
              else  RemoveChars(1, coLess);
            end;
      '>' : case AString[2] of
              '=' : RemoveChars(2, coGreaterEqual);
              else  RemoveChars(1, coGreater);
            end;
      '=' : RemoveChars(1, coEqual);
      else  RemoveChars(0, coEqual);
    end
  else
    RemoveChars(0, coEqual);
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Initializes a Sortparams record. This record sets paramaters used when cells
  are sorted.

  @param  ASortByCols     If true sorting occurs along columns, i.e. the
                          ColRowIndex of the sorting keys refer to column indexes.
                          If False, sorting occurs along rows, and the
                          ColRowIndexes refer to row indexes
                          Default: true
  @param  ANumSortKeys    Determines how many columns or rows are used as sorting
                          keys. (Default: 1). Every sort key is initialized for
                          ascending sort direction and case-sensitive comparison.
  @param  ASortPriority   Determines the order or text and numeric data in
                          mixed content type cell ranges.
                          Default: spNumAlpha, i.e. numbers before text (in
                          ascending sort)
  @return The initializaed TsSortParams record
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function InitSortParams(ASortByCols: Boolean = true; ANumSortKeys: Integer = 1;
  ASortPriority: TsSortPriority = spNumAlpha): TsSortParams;
var
  i: Integer;
begin
  Result.SortByCols := ASortByCols;
  Result.Priority := ASortPriority;
  SetLength(Result.Keys, ANumSortKeys);
  for i:=0 to High(Result.Keys) do begin
    Result.Keys[i].ColRowIndex := i;
    Result.Keys[i].Options := [];  // Ascending & case-sensitive
  end;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Splits a hyperlink string at the # character.

  @param  AValue     Hyperlink string to be processed
  @param  ATarget    Part before the # ("Target")
  @param  ABookmark  Part after the # ("Bookmark")
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
procedure SplitHyperlink(AValue: String; out ATarget, ABookmark: String);
var
  p: Integer;
begin
  p := pos('#', AValue);
  if p = 0 then
  begin
    ATarget := AValue;
    ABookmark := '';
  end else
  begin
    ATarget := Copy(AValue, 1, p-1);
    ABookmark := Copy(AValue, p+1, Length(AValue));
  end;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Replaces backslashes by forward slashes in hyperlink path names
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
procedure FixHyperlinkPathDelims(var ATarget: String);
var
  i: Integer;
begin
  for i:=1 to Length(ATarget) do
    if ATarget[i] = '\' then ATarget[i] := '/';
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Initalizes a new cell.
  @return  New cell record
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
procedure InitCell(out ACell: TCell);
begin
  ACell.FormulaValue := '';
  ACell.UTF8StringValue := '';
  FillChar(ACell, SizeOf(ACell), 0);
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Initalizes a new cell and presets the row and column fields of the cell record
  to the parameters passed to the procedure.

  @param  ARow   Row index of the new cell
  @param  ACol   Column index of the new cell
  @return New cell record with row and column fields preset to passed values.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
procedure InitCell(ARow, ACol: Cardinal; out ACell: TCell);
begin
  InitCell(ACell);
  ACell.Row := ARow;
  ACell.Col := ACol;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Initializes the fields of a TsCellFormaRecord
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
procedure InitFormatRecord(out AValue: TsCellFormat);
begin
  AValue.Name := '';
  AValue.NumberFormatStr := '';
  FillChar(AValue, SizeOf(AValue), 0);
  AValue.BorderStyles := DEFAULT_BORDERSTYLES;
  AValue.Background := EMPTY_FILL;
  AValue.NumberFormatIndex := -1;  // GENERAL format not contained in NumFormatList
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Initializes the fields of a TsPageLayout record
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
procedure InitPageLayout(out APageLayout: TsPageLayout);
var
  i: Integer;
begin
  with APageLayout do begin
    Orientation := spoPortrait;
    PageWidth := 210;
    PageHeight := 297;
    LeftMargin := InToMM(0.7);
    RightMargin := InToMM(0.7);
    TopMargin := InToMM(0.78740157499999996);
    BottomMargin := InToMM(0.78740157499999996);
    HeaderMargin := InToMM(0.3);
    FooterMargin := InToMM(0.3);
    StartPageNumber := 1;
    ScalingFactor := 100;   // Percent
    FitWidthToPages := 0;   // use as many pages as needed
    FitHeightToPages := 0;
    Copies := 1;
    Options := [];
    for i:=0 to 2 do Headers[i] := '';
    for i:=0 to 2 do Footers[i] := '';
  end;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Appends a string to a stream

  @param  AStream   Stream to which the string will be added
  @param  AString   String to be written to the stream
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
procedure AppendToStream(AStream: TStream; const AString: string);
begin
  if Length(AString) > 0 then
    AStream.WriteBuffer(AString[1], Length(AString));
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Appends two strings to a stream

  @param  AStream   Stream to which the strings will be added
  @param  AString1  First string to be written to the stream
  @param  AString2  Second string to be written to the stream
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
procedure AppendToStream(AStream: TStream; const AString1, AString2: String);
begin
  AppendToStream(AStream, AString1);
  AppendToStream(AStream, AString2);
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Appends three strings to a stream

  @param  AStream   Stream to which the strings will be added
  @param  AString1  First string to be written to the stream
  @param  AString2  Second string to be written to the stream
  @param  AString3  Third string to be written to the stream
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
procedure AppendToStream(AStream: TStream; const AString1, AString2, AString3: String);
begin
  AppendToStream(AStream, AString1);
  AppendToStream(AStream, AString2);
  AppendToStream(AStream, AString3);
end;


type
  TsNumFormatTokenSet = set of TsNumFormatToken;

const
  TERMINATING_TOKENS: TsNumFormatTokenSet =
    [nftSpace, nftText, nftEscaped, nftPercent, nftCurrSymbol, nftSign, nftSignBracket];
  INT_TOKENS: TsNumFormatTokenSet =
    [nftIntOptDigit, nftIntZeroDigit, nftIntSpaceDigit];
  DECS_TOKENS: TsNumFormatTokenSet =
    [nftZeroDecs, nftOptDecs, nftSpaceDecs];
  FRACNUM_TOKENS: TsNumFormatTokenSet =
    [nftFracNumOptDigit, nftFracNumZeroDigit, nftFracNumSpaceDigit];
  FRACDENOM_TOKENS: TsNumFormatTokenSet =
    [nftFracDenomOptDigit, nftFracDenomZeroDigit, nftFracDenomSpaceDigit, nftFracDenom];
  EXP_TOKENS: TsNumFormatTokenSet =
    [nftExpDigits];   // todo: expand by optional digits (0.00E+#)

{ Checks whether a sequence of format tokens for exponential formatting begins
  at the specified index in the format elements }
function CheckExp(const AElements: TsNumFormatElements; AIndex: Integer): Boolean;
var
  numEl: Integer;
  i: Integer;
begin
  numEl := Length(AElements);

  Result := (AIndex < numEl) and (AElements[AIndex].Token in INT_TOKENS);
  if not Result then
    exit;

  numEl := Length(AElements);
  i := AIndex + 1;
  while (i < numEl) and (AElements[i].Token in INT_TOKENS) do inc(i);

  // no decimal places
  if (i+2 < numEl) and
     (AElements[i].Token = nftExpChar) and
     (AElements[i+1].Token = nftExpSign) and
     (AElements[i+2].Token in EXP_TOKENS)
  then begin
    Result := true;
    exit;
  end;

  // with decimal places
  if (i < numEl) and (AElements[i].Token = nftDecSep) //and (AElements[i+1].Token in DECS_TOKENS)
  then begin
    inc(i);
    while (i < numEl) and (AElements[i].Token in DECS_TOKENS) do inc(i);
    if (i + 2 < numEl) and
       (AElements[i].Token = nftExpChar) and
       (AElements[i+1].Token = nftExpSign) and
       (AElements[i+2].Token in EXP_TOKENS)
    then begin
      Result := true;
      exit;
    end;
  end;

  Result := false;
end;

function CheckFraction(const AElements: TsNumFormatElements; AIndex: Integer;
  out digits: Integer): Boolean;
var
  numEl: Integer;
  i: Integer;
begin
  digits := 0;
  numEl := Length(AElements);

  Result := (AIndex < numEl);
  if not Result then
    exit;

  i := AIndex;
  // Check for mixed fraction (integer split off, sample format "# ??/??"
  if (AElements[i].Token in (INT_TOKENS + [nftIntTh])) then
  begin
    inc(i);
    while (i < numEl) and (AElements[i].Token in (INT_TOKENS + [nftIntTh])) do inc(i);
    while (i < numEl) and (AElements[i].Token in TERMINATING_TOKENS) do inc(i);
  end;

  if (i = numEl) or not (AElements[i].Token in FRACNUM_TOKENS) then
    exit(false);

  // Here follows the ordinary fraction (no integer split off); sample format "??/??"
  while (i < numEl) and (AElements[i].Token in FRACNUM_TOKENS) do inc(i);
  while (i < numEl) and (AElements[i].Token in TERMINATING_TOKENS) do inc(i);
  if (i = numEl) or (AElements[i].Token <> nftFracSymbol) then
    exit(False);

  inc(i);
  while (i < numEl) and (AElements[i].Token in TERMINATING_TOKENS) do inc(i);
  if (i = numEl) or (not (AElements[i].Token in FRACDENOM_TOKENS)) then
    exit(false);

  while (i < numEL) and (AElements[i].Token in FRACDENOM_TOKENS) do
  begin
    case AElements[i].Token of
      nftFracDenomZeroDigit : inc(digits, AElements[i].IntValue);
      nftFracDenomSpaceDigit: inc(digits, AElements[i].IntValue);
      nftFracDenomOptDigit  : inc(digits, AElements[i].IntValue);
      nftFracDenom          : digits := -AElements[i].IntValue;  // "-" indicates a literal denominator value!
    end;
    inc(i);
  end;
  Result := true;
end;

{ Processes a sequence of #, 0, and ? tokens.
  Adds leading (GrowRight=false) or trailing (GrowRight=true) zeros and/or
  spaces as specified by the format elements to the number value string. }
function ProcessIntegerFormat(AValue: String; AFormatSettings: TFormatSettings;
  const AElements: TsNumFormatElements; var AIndex: Integer;
  ATokens: TsNumFormatTokenSet; GrowRight, UseThSep: Boolean): String;
const
  OptTokens = [nftIntOptDigit, nftFracNumOptDigit, nftFracDenomOptDigit, nftOptDecs];
  ZeroTokens = [nftIntZeroDigit, nftFracNumZeroDigit, nftFracDenomZeroDigit, nftZeroDecs, nftIntTh];
  SpaceTokens = [nftIntSpaceDigit, nftFracNumSpaceDigit, nftFracDenomSpaceDigit, nftSpaceDecs];
  AllOptTokens = OptTokens + SpaceTokens;
var
  fs: TFormatSettings absolute AFormatSettings;
  i, j, L: Integer;
  numEl: Integer;
begin
  Result := AValue;
  numEl := Length(AElements);
  if GrowRight then
  begin
    // This branch is intended for decimal places, i.e. there may be trailing zeros.
    i := AIndex;
    if (AValue = '0') and (AElements[i].Token in AllOptTokens) then
      Result := '';
    // Remove trailing zeros
    while (Result <> '') and (Result[Length(Result)] = '0')
      do Delete(Result, Length(Result), 1);
    // Add trailing zeros or spaces as required by the elements.
    i := AIndex;
    L := 0;
    while (i < numEl) and (AElements[i].Token in ATokens) do
    begin
      if AElements[i].Token in ZeroTokens then
      begin
        inc(L, AElements[i].IntValue);
        while Length(Result) < L do Result := Result + '0'
      end else
      if AElements[i].Token in SpaceTokens then
      begin
        inc(L, AElements[i].IntValue);
        while Length(Result) < L do Result := Result + ' ';
      end;
      inc(i);
    end;
    if UseThSep then begin
      j := 2;
      while (j < Length(Result)) and (Result[j-1] <> ' ') and (Result[j] <> ' ') do
      begin
        Insert(fs.ThousandSeparator, Result, 1);
        inc(j, 3);
      end;
    end;
    AIndex := i;
  end else
  begin
    // This branch is intended for digits (or integer and numerator parts of fractions)
    // --> There are no leading zeros.
    // Find last digit token of the sequence
    i := AIndex;
    while (i < numEl) and (AElements[i].Token in ATokens) do
      inc(i);
    j := i;
    if i > 0 then dec(i);
    if (AValue = '0') and (AElements[i].Token in AllOptTokens) and (i = AIndex) then
      Result := '';
    // From the end of the sequence, going backward, add leading zeros or spaces
    // as required by the elements of the format.
    L := 0;
    while (i >= AIndex) do begin
      if AElements[i].Token in ZeroTokens then
      begin
        inc(L, AElements[i].IntValue);
        while Length(Result) < L do Result := '0' + Result;
      end else
      if AElements[i].Token in SpaceTokens then
      begin
        inc(L, AElements[i].IntValue);
        while Length(Result) < L do Result := ' ' + Result;
      end;
      dec(i);
    end;
    AIndex := j;
    if UseThSep then
    begin
      j := Length(Result) - 2;
      while (j > 1) and (Result[j-1] <> ' ') and (Result[j] <> ' ') do
      begin
        Insert(fs.ThousandSeparator, Result, j);
        dec(j, 3);
      end;
    end;
  end;
end;

{ Converts the floating point number to an exponential number string according
  to the format specification in AElements.
  It must have been verified before, that the elements in fact are valid for
  an exponential format. }
function ProcessExpFormat(AValue: Double; AFormatSettings: TFormatSettings;
  const AElements: TsNumFormatElements; var AIndex: Integer): String;
var
  fs: TFormatSettings absolute AFormatSettings;
  expchar: String;
  expSign: String;
  se, si, sd: String;
  decs, expDigits: Integer;
  intZeroDigits, intOptDigits, intSpaceDigits: Integer;
  numStr: String;
  i, id, p: Integer;
  numEl: Integer;
begin
  Result := '';
  numEl := Length(AElements);

  // Determine digits of integer part of mantissa
  intZeroDigits := 0;
  intOptDigits := 0;
  intSpaceDigits := 0;
  i := AIndex;
  while (AElements[i].Token in INT_TOKENS) do begin
    case AElements[i].Token of
      nftIntZeroDigit : inc(intZeroDigits, AElements[i].IntValue);
      nftIntSpaceDigit: inc(intSpaceDigits, AElements[i].IntValue);
      nftIntOptDigit  : inc(intOptDigits, AElements[i].IntValue);
    end;
    inc(i);
  end;

  // No decimal places
  if (i + 2 < numEl) and (AElements[i].Token = nftExpChar) then
  begin
    expChar := AElements[i].TextValue;
    expSign := AElements[i+1].TextValue;
    expDigits := 0;
    i := i+2;
    while (i < numEl) and (AElements[i].Token in EXP_TOKENS) do
    begin
      inc(expDigits, AElements[i].IntValue);  // not exactly what Excel does... Rather exotic case...
      inc(i);
    end;
    numstr := FormatFloat('0'+expChar+expSign+DupeString('0', expDigits), AValue, fs);
    p := pos('e', Lowercase(numStr));
    se := copy(numStr, p, Length(numStr));   // exp part of the number string, incl "E"
    numStr := copy(numstr, 1, p-1);          // mantissa of the number string
    numStr := ProcessIntegerFormat(numStr, fs, AElements, AIndex, INT_TOKENS, false, false);
    Result := numStr + se;
    AIndex := i;
  end
  else
  // With decimal places
  if (i + 1 < numEl) and (AElements[i].Token = nftDecSep) then
  begin
    inc(i);
    id := i;     // index of decimal elements
    decs := 0;
    while (i < numEl) and (AElements[i].Token in DECS_TOKENS) do
    begin
      case AElements[i].Token of
        nftZeroDecs,
        nftSpaceDecs: inc(decs, AElements[i].IntValue);
      end;
      inc(i);
    end;
    expChar := AElements[i].TextValue;
    expSign := AElements[i+1].TextValue;
    expDigits := 0;
    inc(i, 2);
    while (i < numEl) and (AElements[i].Token in EXP_TOKENS) do
    begin
      inc(expDigits, AElements[i].IntValue);
      inc(i);
    end;
    if decs=0 then
      numstr := FormatFloat('0'+expChar+expSign+DupeString('0', expDigits), AValue, fs)
    else
      numStr := FloatToStrF(AValue, ffExponent, decs+1, expDigits, fs);
    if (abs(AValue) >= 1.0) and (expSign = '-') then
      Delete(numStr, pos('+', numStr), 1);
    p := pos('e', Lowercase(numStr));
    se := copy(numStr, p, Length(numStr));    // exp part of the number string, incl "E"
    numStr := copy(numStr, 1, p-1);           // mantissa of the number string
    p := pos(fs.DecimalSeparator, numStr);
    if p = 0 then
    begin
      si := numstr;
      sd := '';
    end else
    begin
      si := ProcessIntegerFormat(copy(numStr, 1, p-1), fs, AElements, AIndex, INT_TOKENS, false, false);  // integer part of the mantissa
      sd := ProcessIntegerFormat(copy(numStr, p+1, Length(numStr)), fs, AElements, id, DECS_TOKENS, true, false);  // fractional part of the mantissa
    end;
    // Put all parts together...
    Result := si + fs.DecimalSeparator + sd + se;
    AIndex := i;
  end;
end;

function ProcessFracFormat(AValue: Double; const AFormatSettings: TFormatSettings;
  ADigits: Integer; const AElements: TsNumFormatElements;
  var AIndex: Integer): String;
var
  fs: TFormatSettings absolute AFormatSettings;
  frint, frnum, frdenom, maxdenom: Int64;
  sfrint, sfrnum, sfrdenom: String;
  sfrsym, sintnumspace, snumsymspace, ssymdenomspace: String;
  i, numEl: Integer;
  mixed: Boolean;
  prec: Double;
begin
  sintnumspace := '';
  snumsymspace := '';
  ssymdenomspace := '';
  sfrsym := '/';
  if ADigits >= 0 then begin
    maxDenom := Round(IntPower(10, ADigits));
    prec := 1/maxDenom;
  end;
  numEl := Length(AElements);

  i := AIndex;
  if AElements[i].Token in (INT_TOKENS + [nftIntTh]) then begin
    // Split-off integer
    mixed := true;
    if (AValue >= 1) then
    begin
      frint := trunc(AValue);
      AValue := frac(AValue);
    end else
      frint := 0;
    if ADigits >= 0 then
      FloatToFraction(AValue, prec, MaxInt, maxdenom, frnum, frdenom)
    else
    begin
      frdenom := -ADigits;
      frnum := round(AValue*frdenom);
    end;
    sfrint := ProcessIntegerFormat(IntToStr(frint), fs, AElements, i,
      INT_TOKENS, false, (AElements[i].Token = nftIntTh));
    //inc(i);
    while (i < numEl) and (AElements[i].Token in TERMINATING_TOKENS) do
    begin
      sintnumspace := sintnumspace + AElements[i].TextValue;
      inc(i);
    end;
  end else
  begin
    // "normal" fraction
    mixed := false;
    sfrint := '';
    if ADigits > 0 then
      FloatToFraction(AValue, prec, MaxInt, maxdenom, frnum, frdenom)
    else
    begin
      frdenom := -ADigits;
      frnum := round(AValue*frdenom);
    end;
    sintnumspace := '';
  end;

  // numerator and denominator
  sfrnum := ProcessIntegerFormat(IntToStr(frnum), fs, AElements, i,
    FRACNUM_TOKENS, false, false);
  while (i < numEl) and (AElements[i].Token in TERMINATING_TOKENS) do
  begin
    snumsymspace := snumsymspace + AElements[i].TextValue;
    inc(i);
  end;
  inc(i);  // fraction symbol
  while (i < numEl) and (AElements[i].Token in TERMINATING_TOKENS) do
  begin
    ssymdenomspace := ssymdenomspace + AElements[i].TextValue;
    inc(i);
  end;

  sfrdenom := ProcessIntegerFormat(IntToStr(frdenom), fs, AElements, i,
    FRACDENOM_TOKENS, false, false);
  AIndex := i+1;

  // Special cases
  if {mixed and }(frnum = 0) then
  begin
    if sfrnum = '' then begin
      sintnumspace := '';
      snumsymspace := '';
      ssymdenomspace := '';
      sfrdenom := '';
      sfrsym := '';
    end else
    if trim(sfrnum) = '' then begin
      sfrdenom := DupeString(' ', Length(sfrdenom));
      sfrsym := ' ';
    end;
  end;
  if sfrint = '' then sintnumspace := '';

  // Compose result string
  Result := sfrnum + snumsymspace + sfrsym + ssymdenomspace + sfrdenom;
  if (Trim(Result) = '') and (sfrint = '') then
    sfrint := '0';
  if sfrint <> '' then
    Result := sfrint + sintnumSpace + result;
end;

function ProcessFloatFormat(AValue: Double; AFormatSettings: TFormatSettings;
  const AElements: TsNumFormatElements; var AIndex: Integer): String;
var
  fs: TFormatSettings absolute AFormatSettings;
  numEl: Integer;
  numStr, s: String;
  p, i: Integer;
  decs: Integer;
  useThSep: Boolean;
begin
  Result := '';
  numEl := Length(AElements);

  // Extract integer part
  Result := IntToStr(trunc(AValue));
  useThSep := AElements[AIndex].Token = nftIntTh;
  Result := ProcessIntegerFormat(Result, fs, AElements, AIndex,
    (INT_TOKENS + [nftIntTh]), false, UseThSep);

  // Decimals
  if (AIndex < numEl) and (AElements[AIndex].Token = nftDecSep) then
  begin
    inc(AIndex);
    i := AIndex;
    // Count decimal digits in format elements
    decs := 0;
    while (AIndex < numEl) and (AElements[AIndex].Token in DECS_TOKENS) do begin
      inc(decs, AElements[AIndex].IntValue);
      inc(AIndex);
    end;
    // Convert value to string
    numstr := FloatToStrF(AValue, ffFixed, MaxInt, decs, fs);
    p := Pos(fs.DecimalSeparator, numstr);
    s := Copy(numstr, p+1, Length(numstr));
    s := ProcessIntegerFormat(s, fs, AElements, i, DECS_TOKENS, true, false);
    if s <> '' then
      Result := Result + fs.DecimalSeparator + s;
  end;
end;


{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Converts a floating point number to a string as determined by the specified
  number format parameters
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function ConvertFloatToStr(AValue: Double; AParams: TsNumFormatParams;
  AFormatSettings: TFormatSettings): String;
var
  fs: TFormatSettings absolute AFormatSettings;
  sidx: Integer;
  section: TsNumFormatSection;
  i, el, numEl: Integer;
  isNeg: Boolean;
  yr, mon, day, hr, min, sec, ms: Word;
  s: String;
  digits: Integer;
begin
  Result := '';
  if IsNaN(AValue) then
    exit;

  if AParams = nil then
  begin
    Result := FloatToStrF(AValue, ffGeneral, 20, 20, fs);
    exit;
  end;

  sidx := 0;
  if (AValue < 0) and (Length(AParams.Sections) > 1) then
    sidx := 1;
  if (AValue = 0) and (Length(AParams.Sections) > 2) then
    sidx := 2;
  isNeg := (AValue < 0);
  AValue := abs(AValue);   // section 0 adds the sign back, section 1 has the sign in the elements
  section := AParams.Sections[sidx];
  numEl := Length(section.Elements);

  if nfkPercent in section.Kind then
    AValue := AValue * 100.0;
  if nfkTime in section.Kind then
    DecodeTime(AValue, hr, min, sec, ms);
  if nfkDate in section.Kind then
    DecodeDate(AValue, yr, mon, day);

  el := 0;
  while (el < numEl) do begin
    // Integer token: can be the start of a number, exp, or mixed fraction format
    // Cases with thousand separator are handled here as well.
    if section.Elements[el].Token in (INT_TOKENS + [nftIntTh]) then begin
      // Check for exponential format
      if CheckExp(section.Elements, el) then
        s := ProcessExpFormat(AValue, fs, section.Elements, el)
      else
      // Check for fraction format
      if CheckFraction(section.Elements, el, digits) then
        s := ProcessFracFormat(AValue, fs, digits, section.Elements, el)
      else
      // Floating-point or integer
        s := ProcessFloatFormat(AValue, fs, section.Elements, el);
      if (sidx = 0) and isNeg then s := '-' + s;
      Result := Result + s;
      Continue;
    end
    else
    // Regular fraction (without integer being split off)
    if (section.Elements[el].Token in FRACNUM_TOKENS) and
       CheckFraction(section.Elements, el, digits) then
    begin
      s := ProcessFracFormat(AValue, fs, digits, section.Elements, el);
      if (sidx = 0) and isNeg then s := '-' + s;
      Result := Result + s;
      Continue;
    end
    else
      case section.Elements[el].Token of
        nftSpace, nftText, nftEscaped, nftCurrSymbol,
        nftSign, nftSignBracket, nftPercent:
          Result := Result + section.Elements[el].TextValue;

        nftEmptyCharWidth:
          Result := Result + ' ';

        nftDateTimeSep:
          case section.Elements[el].TextValue of
            '/': Result := Result + fs.DateSeparator;
            ':': Result := Result + fs.TimeSeparator;
            else Result := Result + section.Elements[el].TextValue;
          end;

        nftDecSep:
          Result := Result + fs.DecimalSeparator;

        nftThSep:
          Result := Result + fs.ThousandSeparator;

        nftYear:
          case section.Elements[el].IntValue of
            1,
            2: Result := Result + IfThen(yr mod 100 < 10, '0'+IntToStr(yr mod 100), IntToStr(yr mod 100));
            4: Result := Result + IntToStr(yr);
          end;

        nftMonth:
          case section.Elements[el].IntValue of
            1: Result := Result + IntToStr(mon);
            2: Result := Result + IfThen(mon < 10, '0'+IntToStr(mon), IntToStr(mon));
            3: Result := Result + fs.ShortMonthNames[mon];
            4: Result := Result + fs.LongMonthNames[mon];
          end;

        nftDay:
          case section.Elements[el].IntValue of
            1: result := result + IntToStr(day);
            2: result := Result + IfThen(day < 10, '0'+IntToStr(day), IntToStr(day));
            3: Result := Result + fs.ShortDayNames[DayOfWeek(day)];
            4: Result := Result + fs.LongDayNames[DayOfWeek(day)];
          end;

        nftHour:
          begin
            if section.Elements[el].IntValue < 0 then  // This case is for nfTimeInterval
              s := IntToStr(Int64(hr) + trunc(AValue) * 24)
            else
            if section.Elements[el].TextValue = 'AM' then  // This tag is set in case of AM/FM format
            begin
              hr := hr mod 12;
              if hr = 0 then hr := 12;
              s := IntToStr(hr)
            end else
              s := IntToStr(hr);
            if (abs(section.Elements[el].IntValue) = 2) and (Length(s) = 1) then
              s := '0' + s;
            Result := Result + s;
          end;

        nftMinute:
          begin
            if section.Elements[el].IntValue < 0 then  // case for nfTimeInterval
              s := IntToStr(int64(min) + trunc(AValue) * 24 * 60)
            else
              s := IntToStr(min);
            if (abs(section.Elements[el].IntValue) = 2) and (Length(s) = 1) then
              s := '0' + s;
            Result := Result + s;
          end;

       nftSecond:
          begin
            if section.Elements[el].IntValue < 0 then  // case for nfTimeInterval
              s := IntToStr(Int64(sec) + trunc(AValue) * 24 * 60 * 60)
            else
              s := IntToStr(sec);
            if (abs(section.Elements[el].IntValue) = 2) and (Length(s) = 1) then
              s := '0' + s;
            Result := Result + s;
          end;

        nftMilliseconds:
          case section.Elements[el].IntValue of
            1: Result := Result + IntToStr(ms div 100);
            2: Result := Result + Format('%02d', [ms div 10]);
            3: Result := Result + Format('%03d', [ms]);
          end;

        nftAMPM:
          begin
            s := section.Elements[el].TextValue;
            if lowercase(s) = 'ampm' then
              s := IfThen(frac(AValue) < 0.5, fs.TimeAMString, fs.TimePMString)
            else
            begin
              i := pos('/', s);
              if i > 0 then
                s := IfThen(frac(AValue) < 0.5, copy(s, 1, i-1), copy(s, i+1, Length(s)))
              else
                s := IfThen(frac(AValue) < 0.5, 'AM', 'PM');
            end;
            Result := Result + s;
          end;
      end;  // case
    inc(el);
  end;  // while
end;


{ Modifying colors }
{ Next function are copies of GraphUtils to avoid a dependence on the Graphics unit. }

const
  HUE_000 = 0;
  HUE_060 = 43;
  HUE_120 = 85;
  HUE_180 = 128;
  HUE_240 = 170;

procedure RGBtoHLS(const R, G, B: Byte; out H, L, S: Byte);
var
  cMax, cMin: Integer;          // max and min RGB values
  Rdelta, Gdelta, Bdelta: Byte; // intermediate value: % of spread from max
  diff: Integer;
begin
  // calculate lightness
  cMax := MaxIntValue([R, G, B]);
  cMin := MinIntValue([R, G, B]);
  L := (integer(cMax) + cMin + 1) div 2;
  diff := cMax - cMin;

  if diff = 0
  then begin
    // r=g=b --> achromatic case
    S := 0;
    H := 0;
  end
  else begin
    // chromatic case
    // saturation
    if L <= 128
    then S := integer(diff * 255) div (cMax + cMin)
    else S := integer(diff * 255) div (510 - cMax - cMin);

    // hue
    Rdelta := (cMax - R);
    Gdelta := (cMax - G);
    Bdelta := (cMax - B);

    if R = cMax
    then H := (HUE_000 + integer(Bdelta - Gdelta) * HUE_060 div diff) and $ff
    else if G = cMax
    then H := HUE_120 + integer(Rdelta - Bdelta) * HUE_060 div diff
    else H := HUE_240 + integer(Gdelta - Rdelta) * HUE_060 div diff;
  end;
end;


procedure HLStoRGB(const H, L, S: Byte; out R, G, B: Byte);

  // utility routine for HLStoRGB
  function HueToRGB(const n1, n2: Byte; Hue: Integer): Byte;
  begin
    if Hue > 255
    then Dec(Hue, 255)
    else if Hue < 0
    then Inc(Hue, 255);

    // return r,g, or b value from this tridrant
    case Hue of
      HUE_000..HUE_060 - 1: Result := n1 + (n2 - n1) * Hue div HUE_060;
      HUE_060..HUE_180 - 1: Result := n2;
      HUE_180..HUE_240 - 1: Result := n1 + (n2 - n1) * (HUE_240 - Hue) div HUE_060;
    else
      Result := n1;
    end;
  end;

var
  n1, n2: Integer;
begin
  if S = 0
  then begin
    // achromatic case
    R := L;
    G := L;
    B := L;
  end
  else begin
    // chromatic case
    // set up magic numbers
    if L < 128
    then begin
      n2 := Integer(L) + Integer(L) * S div 255;
      n1 := 2 * L - n2;
    end
    else begin
      n2 := Integer(S) + L - Integer(L) * S div 255;
      n1 := 2 * L - n2 - 1;
    end;

    // get RGB
    R := HueToRGB(n1, n2, H + HUE_120);
    G := HueToRGB(n1, n2, H);
    B := HueToRGB(n1, n2, H - HUE_120);
  end;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Excel defines theme colors and applies a "tint" factor (-1...+1) to darken
  or brighten them.

  This method "tints" a given color with a factor

  The algorithm is described in
  http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/documentformat.openxml.spreadsheet.backgroundcolor.aspx

  @param   AColor   rgb color to be modified
  @param   tint     Factor (-1...+1) to be used for the operation
  @return  Modified color
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function TintedColor(AColor: TsColorValue; tint: Double): TsColorValue;
const
  HLSMAX = 255;
var
  r, g, b: byte;
  h, l, s: Byte;
  lum: Double;
begin
  if tint = 0 then begin
    Result := AColor;
    exit;
  end;

  r := TRGBA(AColor).r;
  g := TRGBA(AColor).g;
  b := TRGBA(AColor).b;
  RGBToHLS(r, g, b, h, l, s);

  lum := l;
  if tint < 0 then
    lum := lum * (1.0 + tint)
  else
  if tint > 0 then
    lum := lum * (1.0-tint) + (HLSMAX - HLSMAX * (1.0-tint));
  l := Min(255, round(lum));
  HLSToRGB(h, l, s, r, g, b);

  TRGBA(Result).r := r;
  TRGBA(Result).g := g;
  TRGBA(Result).b := b;
  TRGBA(Result).a := 0;
end;

{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Returns the color index for black or white depending on a color being "bright"
  or "dark".

  @param   AColorValue    rgb color to be analyzed
  @return  The color index for black (scBlack) if AColorValue is a "bright" color,
           or white (scWhite) if AColorValue is a "dark" color.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
function HighContrastColor(AColorValue: TsColorvalue): TsColor;
begin
  if TRGBA(AColorValue).r + TRGBA(AColorValue).g + TRGBA(AColorValue).b < 3*128 then
    Result := scWhite
  else
    Result := scBlack;
end;

{$PUSH}{$HINTS OFF}
{@@ Silence warnings due to an unused parameter }
procedure Unused(const A1);
// code "borrowed" from TAChart
begin
end;

{@@ Silence warnings due to two unused parameters }
procedure Unused(const A1, A2);
// code "borrowed" from TAChart
begin
end;

{@@ Silence warnings due to three unused parameters }
procedure Unused(const A1, A2, A3);
// code adapted from TAChart
begin
end;
{$POP}


{@@ ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
  Creates a FPC format settings record in which all strings are encoded as
  UTF8.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------}
procedure InitUTF8FormatSettings;
// remove when available in LazUtils
var
  i: Integer;
begin
  UTF8FormatSettings := DefaultFormatSettings;
  UTF8FormatSettings.CurrencyString := AnsiToUTF8(DefaultFormatSettings.CurrencyString);
  for i:=1 to 12 do begin
    UTF8FormatSettings.LongMonthNames[i] := AnsiToUTF8(DefaultFormatSettings.LongMonthNames[i]);
    UTF8FormatSettings.ShortMonthNames[i] := AnsiToUTF8(DefaultFormatSettings.ShortMonthNames[i]);
  end;
  for i:=1 to 7 do begin
    UTF8FormatSettings.LongDayNames[i] := AnsiToUTF8(DefaultFormatSettings.LongDayNames[i]);
    UTF8FormatSettings.ShortDayNames[i] := AnsiToUTF8(DefaultFormatSettings.ShortDayNames[i]);
  end;
end;


initialization
  InitUTF8FormatSettings;

end.