jc/README.md

[![Tests](https://github.com/kellyjonbrazil/jc/workflows/Tests/badge.svg?branch=master)](https://github.com/kellyjonbrazil/jc/actions)
[![Pypi](https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/jc.svg)](https://pypi.org/project/jc/)

> Check out the `jc` Python [package documentation](https://github.com/kellyjonbrazil/jc/tree/master/docs) for developers

> Try the `jc` [web demo](https://jc-web-demo.herokuapp.com/)

> JC is [now available](https://galaxy.ansible.com/community/general) as an
Ansible filter plugin in the `community.general` collection. See this
[blog post](https://blog.kellybrazil.com/2020/08/30/parsing-command-output-in-ansible-with-jc/)
for an example.

# JC
JSON Convert

`jc` JSONifies the output of many CLI tools and file-types for easier parsing in
scripts. See the [**Parsers**](#parsers) section for supported commands and
file-types.
```bash
dig example.com | jc --dig
```
```json
[{"id":38052,"opcode":"QUERY","status":"NOERROR","flags":["qr","rd","ra"],
"query_num":1,"answer_num":1,"authority_num":0,"additional_num":1,
"opt_pseudosection":{"edns":{"version":0,"flags":[],"udp":4096}},"question":
{"name":"example.com.","class":"IN","type":"A"},"answer":[{"name":
"example.com.","class":"IN","type":"A","ttl":39049,"data":"93.184.216.34"}],
"query_time":49,"server":"2600:1700:bab0:d40::1#53(2600:1700:bab0:d40::1)",
"when":"Fri Apr 16 16:09:00 PDT 2021","rcvd":56,"when_epoch":1618614540,
"when_epoch_utc":null}]
```

This allows further command-line processing of output with tools like `jq`
or [`jello`](https://github.com/kellyjonbrazil/jello) by piping commands:
```bash
$ dig example.com | jc --dig | jq -r '.[].answer[].data'
93.184.216.34
```

or using the alternative "magic" syntax:

```bash
$ jc dig example.com | jq -r '.[].answer[].data'
93.184.216.34
```

The `jc` parsers can also be used as python modules. In this case the output
will be a python dictionary, or list of dictionaries, instead of JSON:
```python
>>> import subprocess
>>> import jc
>>>
>>> cmd_output = subprocess.check_output(['dig', 'example.com'], text=True)
>>> data = jc.parse('dig', cmd_output)
>>>
>>> data[0]['answer']
[{'name': 'example.com.', 'class': 'IN', 'type': 'A', 'ttl': 29658, 'data':
'93.184.216.34'}]
```

> For `jc` Python package documentation, use `help('jc')`, `help('jc.lib')`, or
see the [online documentation](https://github.com/kellyjonbrazil/jc/tree/master/docs).

Two representations of the data are available. The default representation uses a
strict schema per parser and converts known numbers to int/float JSON values.
Certain known values of `None` are converted to JSON `null`, known boolean
values are converted, and, in some cases, additional semantic context fields are
added.

To access the raw, pre-processed JSON, use the `-r` cli option or the `raw=True`
function parameter in `parse()`.

Schemas for each parser can be found at the documentation link beside each
[**Parser**](#parsers) below.

Release notes can be found [here](https://blog.kellybrazil.com/category/jc-news/).

## Why Would Anyone Do This!?
For more information on the motivations for this project, please see my blog
post on [Bringing the Unix Philosophy to the 21st Century](https://blog.kellybrazil.com/2019/11/26/bringing-the-unix-philosophy-to-the-21st-century/) and my [interview with Console](https://console.substack.com/p/console-89).

See also:
- [libxo on FreeBSD](http://juniper.github.io/libxo/libxo-manual.html)
- [powershell](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/powershell/module/microsoft.powershell.utility/convertto-json?view=powershell-7)
- [blog: linux apps should have a json flag](https://thomashunter.name/posts/2012-06-06-linux-cli-apps-should-have-a-json-flag)
- [Hacker News discussion](https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=28266193)
- [Reddit discussion](https://www.reddit.com/r/programming/comments/pa4cbb/bringing_the_unix_philosophy_to_the_21st_century/)

Use Cases:
- [Bash scripting](https://blog.kellybrazil.com/2021/04/12/practical-json-at-the-command-line/)
- [Ansible command output parsing](https://blog.kellybrazil.com/2020/08/30/parsing-command-output-in-ansible-with-jc/)
- [Saltstack command output parsing](https://blog.kellybrazil.com/2020/09/15/parsing-command-output-in-saltstack-with-jc/)
- [Nornir command output parsing](https://blog.kellybrazil.com/2020/12/09/parsing-command-output-in-nornir-with-jc/)

## Installation
There are several ways to get `jc`. You can install via `pip`, OS package
[repositories](https://repology.org/project/jc/versions), or by downloading the
correct [binary](https://github.com/kellyjonbrazil/jc/releases) for your
architecture and running it anywhere on your filesystem.

### Pip (macOS, linux, unix, Windows)
[![Pypi](https://img.shields.io/pypi/v/jc.svg)](https://pypi.org/project/jc/)
```bash
pip3 install jc
```

### OS Package Repositories

| OS                    | Command                                                                       |
|-----------------------|-------------------------------------------------------------------------------|
| Debian/Ubuntu linux   | `apt-get install jc`                                                          |
| Fedora linux          | `dnf install jc`                                                              |
| openSUSE linux        | `zypper install jc`                                                           |
| Arch linux            | `pacman -S jc`                                                                |
| NixOS linux           | `nix-env -iA nixpkgs.jc` or `nix-env -iA nixos.jc`                            |
| Guix System linux     | `guix install jc`                                                             |
| macOS                 | `brew install jc`                                                             |
| FreeBSD               | `portsnap fetch update && cd /usr/ports/textproc/py-jc && make install clean` |
| Ansible filter plugin | `ansible-galaxy collection install community.general`                         |

> For more OS Packages, see https://repology.org/project/jc/versions.

### Binaries
For precompiled binaries, see [Releases](https://github.com/kellyjonbrazil/jc/releases)
on Github.

## Usage
`jc` accepts piped input from `STDIN` and outputs a JSON representation of the
previous command's output to `STDOUT`.
```bash
COMMAND | jc PARSER [OPTIONS]
```

Alternatively, the "magic" syntax can be used by prepending `jc` to the command
to be converted. Options can be passed to `jc` immediately before the command is
given. (Note: command aliases and shell builtins are not supported)
```bash
jc [OPTIONS] COMMAND
```

The JSON output can be compact (default) or pretty formatted with the `-p`
option.

### Parsers

- `--acpi` enables the `acpi` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/acpi))
- `--airport` enables the `airport -I` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/airport))
- `--airport-s` enables the `airport -s` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/airport_s))
- `--arp` enables the `arp` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/arp))
- `--blkid` enables the `blkid` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/blkid))
- `--cksum` enables the `cksum` and `sum` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/cksum))
- `--crontab` enables the `crontab` command and file parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/crontab))
- `--crontab-u` enables the `crontab` file parser with user support ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/crontab_u))
- `--csv` enables the CSV file parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/csv))
- `--csv-s` enables the CSV file streaming parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/csv_s))
- `--date` enables the `date` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/date))
- `--df` enables the `df` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/df))
- `--dig` enables the `dig` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/dig))
- `--dir` enables the `dir` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/dir))
- `--dmidecode` enables the `dmidecode` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/dmidecode))
- `--dpkg-l` enables the `dpkg -l` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/dpkg_l))
- `--du` enables the `du` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/du))
- `--env` enables the `env` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/env))
- `--file` enables the `file` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/file))
- `--finger` enables the `finger` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/finger))
- `--free` enables the `free` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/free))
- `--fstab` enables the `/etc/fstab` file parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/fstab))
- `--group` enables the `/etc/group` file parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/group))
- `--gshadow` enables the `/etc/gshadow` file parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/gshadow))
- `--hash` enables the `hash` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/hash))
- `--hashsum` enables the hashsum command parser (`md5sum`, `shasum`, etc.) ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/hashsum))
- `--hciconfig` enables the `hciconfig` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/hciconfig))
- `--history` enables the `history` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/history))
- `--hosts` enables the `/etc/hosts` file parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/hosts))
- `--id` enables the `id` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/id))
- `--ifconfig` enables the `ifconfig` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/ifconfig))
- `--ini` enables the INI file parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/ini))
- `--iostat` enables the `iostat` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/iostat))
- `--iostat-s` enables the `iostat` command streaming parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/iostat_s))
- `--iptables` enables the `iptables` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/iptables))
- `--iw-scan` enables the `iw dev [device] scan` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/iw_scan))
- `--jar-manifest` enables the MANIFEST.MF file parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/jar_manifest))
- `--jobs` enables the `jobs` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/jobs))
- `--kv` enables the Key/Value file parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/kv))
- `--last` enables the `last` and `lastb` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/last))
- `--ls` enables the `ls` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/ls))
- `--ls-s` enables the `ls` command streaming parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/ls_s))
- `--lsblk` enables the `lsblk` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/lsblk))
- `--lsmod` enables the `lsmod` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/lsmod))
- `--lsof` enables the `lsof` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/lsof))
- `--lsusb` enables the `lsusb` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/lsusb))
- `--mount` enables the `mount` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/mount))
- `--mpstat` enables the `mpstat` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/mpstat))
- `--mpstat-s` enables the `mpstat` command streaming parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/mpstat_s))
- `--netstat` enables the `netstat` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/netstat))
- `--nmcli` enables the `nmcli` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/nmcli))
- `--ntpq` enables the `ntpq -p` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/ntpq))
- `--passwd` enables the `/etc/passwd` file parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/passwd))
- `--pidstat` enables the `pidstat` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/pidstat))
- `--pidstat-s` enables the `pidstat` command streaming parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/pidstat_s))
- `--ping` enables the `ping` and `ping6` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/ping))
- `--ping-s` enables the `ping` and `ping6` command streaming parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/ping_s))
- `--pip-list` enables the `pip list` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/pip_list))
- `--pip-show` enables the `pip show` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/pip_show))
- `--ps` enables the `ps` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/ps))
- `--route` enables the `route` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/route))
- `--rpm-qi` enables the `rpm -qi` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/rpm_qi))
- `--rsync` enables the `rsync` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/rsync))
- `--rsync-s` enables the `rsync` command streaming parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/rsync_s))
- `--sfdisk` enables the `sfdisk` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/sfdisk))
- `--shadow` enables the `/etc/shadow` file parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/shadow))
- `--ss` enables the `ss` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/ss))
- `--stat` enables the `stat` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/stat))
- `--stat-s` enables the `stat` command streaming parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/stat_s))
- `--sysctl` enables the `sysctl` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/sysctl))
- `--systemctl` enables the `systemctl` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/systemctl))
- `--systemctl-lj` enables the `systemctl list-jobs` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/systemctl_lj))
- `--systemctl-ls` enables the `systemctl list-sockets` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/systemctl_ls))
- `--systemctl-luf` enables the `systemctl list-unit-files` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/systemctl_luf))
- `--systeminfo` enables the `systeminfo` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/systeminfo))
- `--time` enables the `/usr/bin/time` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/time))
- `--timedatectl` enables the `timedatectl status` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/timedatectl))
- `--tracepath` enables the `tracepath` and `tracepath6` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/tracepath))
- `--traceroute` enables the `traceroute` and `traceroute6` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/traceroute))
- `--ufw` enables the `ufw status` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/ufw))
- `--ufw-appinfo` enables the `ufw app info [application]` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/ufw_appinfo))
- `--uname` enables the `uname -a` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/uname))
- `--upower` enables the `upower` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/upower))
- `--uptime` enables the `uptime` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/uptime))
- `--vmstat` enables the `vmstat` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/vmstat))
- `--vmstat-s` enables the `vmstat` command streaming parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/vmstat_s))
- `--w` enables the `w` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/w))
- `--wc` enables the `wc` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/wc))
- `--who` enables the `who` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/who))
- `--xml` enables the XML file parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/xml))
- `--xrandr` enables the `xrandr` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/xrandr))
- `--yaml` enables the YAML file parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/yaml))
- `--zipinfo` enables the `zipinfo` command parser ([documentation](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/docs/parsers/zipinfo))

### Options
- `-a` about `jc`. Prints information about `jc` and the parsers (in JSON, of
       course!)
- `-C` force color output even when using pipes (overrides `-m` and the
       `NO_COLOR` env variable)
- `-d` debug mode. Prints trace messages if parsing issues are encountered (use
       `-dd` for verbose debugging)
- `-h` help. Use `jc -h --parser_name` for parser documentation
- `-m` monochrome JSON output
- `-p` pretty format the JSON output
- `-q` quiet mode. Suppresses parser warning messages (use `-qq` to ignore
       streaming parser errors)
- `-r` raw output. Provides a more literal JSON output, typically with string
       values and no additional semantic processing
- `-u` unbuffer output
- `-v` version information

### Exit Codes
Any fatal errors within `jc` will generate an exit code of `100`, otherwise the
exit code will be `0`. When using the "magic" syntax (e.g. `jc ifconfig eth0`),
`jc` will store the exit code of the program being parsed and add it to the `jc`
exit code. This way it is easier to determine if an error was from the parsed
program or `jc`.

Consider the following examples using `ifconfig`:

| `ifconfig` exit code | `jc` exit code | Combined exit code | Interpretation                     |
|----------------------|----------------|--------------------|------------------------------------|
| `0`                  | `0`            | `0`                | No errors                          |
| `1`                  | `0`            | `1`                | Error in  `ifconfig`               |
| `0`                  | `100`          | `100`              | Error in  `jc`                     |
| `1`                  | `100`          | `101`              | Error in  both `ifconfig` and `jc` |


### Setting Custom Colors via Environment Variable
You can specify custom colors via the `JC_COLORS` environment variable. The
`JC_COLORS` environment variable takes four comma separated string values in
the following format:
```bash
JC_COLORS=<keyname_color>,<keyword_color>,<number_color>,<string_color>
```

Where colors are: `black`, `red`, `green`, `yellow`, `blue`, `magenta`, `cyan`,
`gray`, `brightblack`, `brightred`, `brightgreen`, `brightyellow`, `brightblue`,
`brightmagenta`, `brightcyan`, `white`, or  `default`

For example, to set to the default colors:
```bash
JC_COLORS=blue,brightblack,magenta,green
```
or
```bash
JC_COLORS=default,default,default,default
```

### Disable Colors via Environment Variable
You can set the [`NO_COLOR`](http://no-color.org/) environment variable to any
value to disable color output in `jc`. Note that using the `-C` option to force
color output will override both the `NO_COLOR` environment variable and the `-m`
option.

### Streaming Parsers
Most parsers load all of the data from STDIN, parse it, then output the entire
JSON document serially. There are some streaming parsers (e.g. `ls-s` and
`ping-s`) that immediately start processing and outputing the data line-by-line
as [JSON Lines](https://jsonlines.org/) (aka [NDJSON](http://ndjson.org/)) while
it is being received from STDIN. This can significantly reduce the amount of
memory required to parse large amounts of command output (e.g. `ls -lR /`) and
can sometimes process the data more quickly. Streaming parsers have slightly
different behavior than standard parsers as outlined below.

> Note: Streaming parsers cannot be used with the "magic" syntax

#### Ignoring Errors

You may want to ignore parsing errors when using streaming parsers since these
may be used in long-lived processing pipelines and errors can break the pipe. To
ignore parsing errors, use the `-qq` cli option or the `ignore_exceptions=True`
argument with the `parse()` function. This will add a `_jc_meta` object to the
JSON output with a `success` attribute. If `success` is `true`, then there were
no issues parsing the line. If `success` is `false`, then a parsing issue was
found and `error` and `line` fields will be added to include a short error
description and the contents of the unparsable line, respectively:

Successfully parsed line with `-qq` option:
```json
{
  "command_data": "data",
  "_jc_meta": {
    "success": true
  }
}
```

Unsuccessfully parsed line with `-qq` option:
```json
{
  "_jc_meta": {
    "success": false,
    "error": "error message",
    "line": "original line data"
  }
}
```

#### Unbuffering Output

Most operating systems will buffer output that is being piped from process to
process. The buffer is usually around 4KB. When viewing the output in the
terminal the OS buffer is not engaged so output is immediately displayed on the
screen. When piping multiple processes together, though, it may seem as if the
output is hanging when the input data is very slow (e.g. `ping`):
```
$ ping 1.1.1.1 | jc --ping-s | jq
<slow output>
```

This is because the OS engages the 4KB buffer between `jc` and `jq` in this
example. To display the data on the terminal in realtime, you can disable the
buffer with the `-u` (unbuffer) cli option:
```
$ ping 1.1.1.1 | jc --ping-s -u | jq
{"type":"reply","pattern":null,"timestamp":null,"bytes":"64","respons...}
{"type":"reply","pattern":null,"timestamp":null,"bytes":"64","respons...}
...
```

> Note: Unbuffered output can be slower for large data streams.

#### Using Streaming Parsers as Python Modules

Streaming parsers accept any iterable object and return an iterator object
(generator) allowing lazy processing of the data. The input data should
iterate on lines of string data. Examples of good input data are `sys.stdin` or
`str.splitlines()`.

To use the generator object in your code, simply loop through it or use the
[next()](https://docs.python.org/3/library/functions.html#next) builtin
function:
```python
import jc

result = jc.parse('ls_s', ls_command_output.splitlines())
for item in result:
    print(item["filename"])
```

### Custom Parsers
Custom local parser plugins may be placed in a `jc/jcparsers` folder in your
local **"App data directory"**:

- Linux/unix: `$HOME/.local/share/jc/jcparsers`
- macOS: `$HOME/Library/Application Support/jc/jcparsers`
- Windows: `$LOCALAPPDATA\jc\jc\jcparsers`

Local parser plugins are standard python module files. Use the
[`jc/parsers/foo.py`](https://github.com/kellyjonbrazil/jc/blob/master/jc/parsers/foo.py)
or [`jc/parsers/foo_s.py (streaming)`](https://github.com/kellyjonbrazil/jc/blob/master/jc/parsers/foo_s.py)
parser as a template and simply place a `.py` file in the `jcparsers` subfolder.

Local plugin filenames must be valid python module names, therefore must consist
entirely of alphanumerics and start with a letter. Local plugins may override
default parsers.

> Note: The application data directory follows the
[XDG Base Directory Specification](https://specifications.freedesktop.org/basedir-spec/basedir-spec-latest.html)

### Caveats

#### Locale

For best results set the `LANG` locale environment variable to `C` or
`en_US.UTF-8`. For example, either by setting directly on the command-line:
```
$ LANG=C date | jc --date
```

or by exporting to the environment before running commands:
```
$ export LANG=C
```

#### Timezones

Some parsers have calculated epoch timestamp fields added to the output. Unless
a timestamp field name has a `_utc` suffix it is considered naive. (i.e. based
on the local timezone of the system the `jc` parser was run on).

If a UTC timezone can be detected in the text of the command output, the
timestamp will be timezone aware and have a `_utc` suffix on the key name.
(e.g. `epoch_utc`) No other timezones are supported for aware timestamps.

## Compatibility
Some parsers like `dig`, `xml`, `csv`, etc. will work on any platform. Other
parsers that convert platform-specific output will generate a warning message if
they are run on an unsupported platform. To see all parser information,
including compatibility, run `jc -ap`.

You may still use a parser on an unsupported platform - for example, you may want
to parse a file with linux `lsof` output on an macOS or Windows laptop. In that
case you can suppress the warning message with the `-q` cli option or the
`quiet=True` function parameter in `parse()`:

macOS:
```bash
cat lsof.out | jc --lsof -q
```

or Windows:
```bash
type lsof.out | jc --lsof -q
```

Tested on:
- Centos 7.7
- Ubuntu 18.04
- Ubuntu 20.04
- Fedora32
- macOS 10.11.6
- macOS 10.14.6
- NixOS
- FreeBSD12
- Windows 10
- Windows 2016 Server
- Windows 2019 Server

## Contributions
Feel free to add/improve code or parsers! You can use the
[`jc/parsers/foo.py`](https://github.com/kellyjonbrazil/jc/blob/master/jc/parsers/foo.py)
or [`jc/parsers/foo_s.py (streaming)`](https://github.com/kellyjonbrazil/jc/blob/master/jc/parsers/foo_s.py) parsers as a template and submit your parser with a pull request.

Please see the [Contributing Guidelines](https://github.com/kellyjonbrazil/jc/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md) for more information.

## Acknowledgments
- Local parser plugin feature contributed by [Dean Serenevy](https://github.com/duelafn)
- CI automation and code optimizations by [philippeitis](https://github.com/philippeitis)
- [`ifconfig-parser`](https://github.com/KnightWhoSayNi/ifconfig-parser) module
  by KnightWhoSayNi
- [`xmltodict`](https://github.com/martinblech/xmltodict) module by Martín Blech
- [`ruamel.yaml`](https://pypi.org/project/ruamel.yaml) module by Anthon van
  der Neut
- [`trparse`](https://github.com/lbenitez000/trparse) module by Luis Benitez
- Parsing [code](https://gist.github.com/cahna/43a1a3ff4d075bcd71f9d7120037a501)
  from Conor Heine adapted for some parsers
- Excellent constructive feedback from [Ilya Sher](https://github.com/ilyash-b)

## Examples
Here are some examples of `jc` output. For more examples, see
[here](https://kellyjonbrazil.github.io/jc/EXAMPLES) or the parser
documentation.

### arp
```bash
arp | jc --arp -p          # or:  jc -p arp
```
```json
[
  {
    "address": "gateway",
    "hwtype": "ether",
    "hwaddress": "00:50:56:f7:4a:fc",
    "flags_mask": "C",
    "iface": "ens33"
  },
  {
    "address": "192.168.71.1",
    "hwtype": "ether",
    "hwaddress": "00:50:56:c0:00:08",
    "flags_mask": "C",
    "iface": "ens33"
  },
  {
    "address": "192.168.71.254",
    "hwtype": "ether",
    "hwaddress": "00:50:56:fe:7a:b4",
    "flags_mask": "C",
    "iface": "ens33"
  }
]
```
### CSV files
```bash
cat homes.csv
```
```
"Sell", "List", "Living", "Rooms", "Beds", "Baths", "Age", "Acres", "Taxes"
142, 160, 28, 10, 5, 3,  60, 0.28,  3167
175, 180, 18,  8, 4, 1,  12, 0.43,  4033
129, 132, 13,  6, 3, 1,  41, 0.33,  1471
...
```
```bash
cat homes.csv | jc --csv -p
```
```json
[
  {
    "Sell": "142",
    "List": "160",
    "Living": "28",
    "Rooms": "10",
    "Beds": "5",
    "Baths": "3",
    "Age": "60",
    "Acres": "0.28",
    "Taxes": "3167"
  },
  {
    "Sell": "175",
    "List": "180",
    "Living": "18",
    "Rooms": "8",
    "Beds": "4",
    "Baths": "1",
    "Age": "12",
    "Acres": "0.43",
    "Taxes": "4033"
  },
  {
    "Sell": "129",
    "List": "132",
    "Living": "13",
    "Rooms": "6",
    "Beds": "3",
    "Baths": "1",
    "Age": "41",
    "Acres": "0.33",
    "Taxes": "1471"
  }
]
```
### /etc/hosts file
```bash
cat /etc/hosts | jc --hosts -p
```
```json
[
  {
    "ip": "127.0.0.1",
    "hostname": [
      "localhost"
    ]
  },
  {
    "ip": "::1",
    "hostname": [
      "ip6-localhost",
      "ip6-loopback"
    ]
  },
  {
    "ip": "fe00::0",
    "hostname": [
      "ip6-localnet"
    ]
  }
]
```
### ifconfig
```bash
ifconfig | jc --ifconfig -p          # or:  jc -p ifconfig
```
```json
[
  {
    "name": "ens33",
    "flags": 4163,
    "state": [
      "UP",
      "BROADCAST",
      "RUNNING",
      "MULTICAST"
    ],
    "mtu": 1500,
    "ipv4_addr": "192.168.71.137",
    "ipv4_mask": "255.255.255.0",
    "ipv4_bcast": "192.168.71.255",
    "ipv6_addr": "fe80::c1cb:715d:bc3e:b8a0",
    "ipv6_mask": 64,
    "ipv6_scope": "0x20",
    "mac_addr": "00:0c:29:3b:58:0e",
    "type": "Ethernet",
    "rx_packets": 8061,
    "rx_bytes": 1514413,
    "rx_errors": 0,
    "rx_dropped": 0,
    "rx_overruns": 0,
    "rx_frame": 0,
    "tx_packets": 4502,
    "tx_bytes": 866622,
    "tx_errors": 0,
    "tx_dropped": 0,
    "tx_overruns": 0,
    "tx_carrier": 0,
    "tx_collisions": 0,
    "metric": null
  }
]
```
### INI files
```bash
cat example.ini
```
```
[DEFAULT]
ServerAliveInterval = 45
Compression = yes
CompressionLevel = 9
ForwardX11 = yes

[bitbucket.org]
User = hg

[topsecret.server.com]
Port = 50022
ForwardX11 = no
```
```bash
cat example.ini | jc --ini -p
```
```json
{
  "bitbucket.org": {
    "serveraliveinterval": "45",
    "compression": "yes",
    "compressionlevel": "9",
    "forwardx11": "yes",
    "user": "hg"
  },
  "topsecret.server.com": {
    "serveraliveinterval": "45",
    "compression": "yes",
    "compressionlevel": "9",
    "forwardx11": "no",
    "port": "50022"
  }
}
```
### ls
```bash
$ ls -l /usr/bin | jc --ls -p          # or:  jc -p ls -l /usr/bin
```
```json
[
  {
    "filename": "apropos",
    "link_to": "whatis",
    "flags": "lrwxrwxrwx.",
    "links": 1,
    "owner": "root",
    "group": "root",
    "size": 6,
    "date": "Aug 15 10:53"
  },
  {
    "filename": "ar",
    "flags": "-rwxr-xr-x.",
    "links": 1,
    "owner": "root",
    "group": "root",
    "size": 62744,
    "date": "Aug 8 16:14"
  },
  {
    "filename": "arch",
    "flags": "-rwxr-xr-x.",
    "links": 1,
    "owner": "root",
    "group": "root",
    "size": 33080,
    "date": "Aug 19 23:25"
  }
]
```
### netstat
```bash
netstat -apee | jc --netstat -p          # or:  jc -p netstat -apee
```
```json
[
  {
    "proto": "tcp",
    "recv_q": 0,
    "send_q": 0,
    "local_address": "localhost",
    "foreign_address": "0.0.0.0",
    "state": "LISTEN",
    "user": "systemd-resolve",
    "inode": 26958,
    "program_name": "systemd-resolve",
    "kind": "network",
    "pid": 887,
    "local_port": "domain",
    "foreign_port": "*",
    "transport_protocol": "tcp",
    "network_protocol": "ipv4"
  },
  {
    "proto": "tcp6",
    "recv_q": 0,
    "send_q": 0,
    "local_address": "[::]",
    "foreign_address": "[::]",
    "state": "LISTEN",
    "user": "root",
    "inode": 30510,
    "program_name": "sshd",
    "kind": "network",
    "pid": 1186,
    "local_port": "ssh",
    "foreign_port": "*",
    "transport_protocol": "tcp",
    "network_protocol": "ipv6"
  },
  {
    "proto": "udp",
    "recv_q": 0,
    "send_q": 0,
    "local_address": "localhost",
    "foreign_address": "0.0.0.0",
    "state": null,
    "user": "systemd-resolve",
    "inode": 26957,
    "program_name": "systemd-resolve",
    "kind": "network",
    "pid": 887,
    "local_port": "domain",
    "foreign_port": "*",
    "transport_protocol": "udp",
    "network_protocol": "ipv4"
  },
  {
    "proto": "raw6",
    "recv_q": 0,
    "send_q": 0,
    "local_address": "[::]",
    "foreign_address": "[::]",
    "state": "7",
    "user": "systemd-network",
    "inode": 27001,
    "program_name": "systemd-network",
    "kind": "network",
    "pid": 867,
    "local_port": "ipv6-icmp",
    "foreign_port": "*",
    "transport_protocol": null,
    "network_protocol": "ipv6"
  },
  {
    "proto": "unix",
    "refcnt": 2,
    "flags": null,
    "type": "DGRAM",
    "state": null,
    "inode": 33322,
    "program_name": "systemd",
    "path": "/run/user/1000/systemd/notify",
    "kind": "socket",
    "pid": 1607
  }
]
```
### /etc/passwd file
```bash
cat /etc/passwd | jc --passwd -p
```
```json
[
  {
    "username": "root",
    "password": "*",
    "uid": 0,
    "gid": 0,
    "comment": "System Administrator",
    "home": "/var/root",
    "shell": "/bin/sh"
  },
  {
    "username": "daemon",
    "password": "*",
    "uid": 1,
    "gid": 1,
    "comment": "System Services",
    "home": "/var/root",
    "shell": "/usr/bin/false"
  }
]
```
### ping
```bash
ping 8.8.8.8 -c 3 | jc --ping -p          # or:  jc -p ping 8.8.8.8 -c 3
```
```json
{
  "destination_ip": "8.8.8.8",
  "data_bytes": 56,
  "pattern": null,
  "destination": "8.8.8.8",
  "packets_transmitted": 3,
  "packets_received": 3,
  "packet_loss_percent": 0.0,
  "duplicates": 0,
  "time_ms": 2005.0,
  "round_trip_ms_min": 23.835,
  "round_trip_ms_avg": 30.46,
  "round_trip_ms_max": 34.838,
  "round_trip_ms_stddev": 4.766,
  "responses": [
    {
      "type": "reply",
      "timestamp": null,
      "bytes": 64,
      "response_ip": "8.8.8.8",
      "icmp_seq": 1,
      "ttl": 118,
      "time_ms": 23.8,
      "duplicate": false
    },
    {
      "type": "reply",
      "timestamp": null,
      "bytes": 64,
      "response_ip": "8.8.8.8",
      "icmp_seq": 2,
      "ttl": 118,
      "time_ms": 34.8,
      "duplicate": false
    },
    {
      "type": "reply",
      "timestamp": null,
      "bytes": 64,
      "response_ip": "8.8.8.8",
      "icmp_seq": 3,
      "ttl": 118,
      "time_ms": 32.7,
      "duplicate": false
    }
  ]
}
```
### ps
```bash
ps axu | jc --ps -p          # or:  jc -p ps axu
```
```json
[
  {
    "user": "root",
    "pid": 1,
    "cpu_percent": 0.0,
    "mem_percent": 0.1,
    "vsz": 128072,
    "rss": 6784,
    "tty": null,
    "stat": "Ss",
    "start": "Nov09",
    "time": "0:08",
    "command": "/usr/lib/systemd/systemd --switched-root --system --deseria..."
  },
  {
    "user": "root",
    "pid": 2,
    "cpu_percent": 0.0,
    "mem_percent": 0.0,
    "vsz": 0,
    "rss": 0,
    "tty": null,
    "stat": "S",
    "start": "Nov09",
    "time": "0:00",
    "command": "[kthreadd]"
  },
  {
    "user": "root",
    "pid": 4,
    "cpu_percent": 0.0,
    "mem_percent": 0.0,
    "vsz": 0,
    "rss": 0,
    "tty": null,
    "stat": "S<",
    "start": "Nov09",
    "time": "0:00",
    "command": "[kworker/0:0H]"
  }
]
```
### traceroute
```bash
traceroute -m 2 8.8.8.8 | jc --traceroute -p
# or:  jc -p traceroute -m 2 8.8.8.8
```
```json
{
  "destination_ip": "8.8.8.8",
  "destination_name": "8.8.8.8",
  "hops": [
    {
      "hop": 1,
      "probes": [
        {
          "annotation": null,
          "asn": null,
          "ip": "192.168.1.254",
          "name": "dsldevice.local.net",
          "rtt": 6.616
        },
        {
          "annotation": null,
          "asn": null,
          "ip": "192.168.1.254",
          "name": "dsldevice.local.net",
          "rtt": 6.413
        },
        {
          "annotation": null,
          "asn": null,
          "ip": "192.168.1.254",
          "name": "dsldevice.local.net",
          "rtt": 6.308
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "hop": 2,
      "probes": [
        {
          "annotation": null,
          "asn": null,
          "ip": "76.220.24.1",
          "name": "76-220-24-1.lightspeed.sntcca.sbcglobal.net",
          "rtt": 29.367
        },
        {
          "annotation": null,
          "asn": null,
          "ip": "76.220.24.1",
          "name": "76-220-24-1.lightspeed.sntcca.sbcglobal.net",
          "rtt": 40.197
        },
        {
          "annotation": null,
          "asn": null,
          "ip": "76.220.24.1",
          "name": "76-220-24-1.lightspeed.sntcca.sbcglobal.net",
          "rtt": 29.162
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}
```
### uptime
```bash
uptime | jc --uptime -p          # or:  jc -p uptime
```
```json
{
  "time": "11:35",
  "uptime": "3 days, 4:03",
  "users": 5,
  "load_1m": 1.88,
  "load_5m": 2.0,
  "load_15m": 1.94,
  "time_hour": 11,
  "time_minute": 35,
  "time_second": null,
  "uptime_days": 3,
  "uptime_hours": 4,
  "uptime_minutes": 3,
  "uptime_total_seconds": 273780
}
```
### XML files
```bash
cat cd_catalog.xml
```
```xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<CATALOG>
  <CD>
    <TITLE>Empire Burlesque</TITLE>
    <ARTIST>Bob Dylan</ARTIST>
    <COUNTRY>USA</COUNTRY>
    <COMPANY>Columbia</COMPANY>
    <PRICE>10.90</PRICE>
    <YEAR>1985</YEAR>
  </CD>
  <CD>
    <TITLE>Hide your heart</TITLE>
    <ARTIST>Bonnie Tyler</ARTIST>
    <COUNTRY>UK</COUNTRY>
    <COMPANY>CBS Records</COMPANY>
    <PRICE>9.90</PRICE>
    <YEAR>1988</YEAR>
  </CD>
  ...
```
```bash
cat cd_catalog.xml | jc --xml -p
```
```json
{
  "CATALOG": {
    "CD": [
      {
        "TITLE": "Empire Burlesque",
        "ARTIST": "Bob Dylan",
        "COUNTRY": "USA",
        "COMPANY": "Columbia",
        "PRICE": "10.90",
        "YEAR": "1985"
      },
      {
        "TITLE": "Hide your heart",
        "ARTIST": "Bonnie Tyler",
        "COUNTRY": "UK",
        "COMPANY": "CBS Records",
        "PRICE": "9.90",
        "YEAR": "1988"
      }
    ]
  }
}
```
### YAML files
```bash
cat istio.yaml 
```
```yaml
apiVersion: "authentication.istio.io/v1alpha1"
kind: "Policy"
metadata:
  name: "default"
  namespace: "default"
spec:
  peers:
  - mtls: {}
---
apiVersion: "networking.istio.io/v1alpha3"
kind: "DestinationRule"
metadata:
  name: "default"
  namespace: "default"
spec:
  host: "*.default.svc.cluster.local"
  trafficPolicy:
    tls:
      mode: ISTIO_MUTUAL
```
```bash
cat istio.yaml | jc --yaml -p
```
```json
[
  {
    "apiVersion": "authentication.istio.io/v1alpha1",
    "kind": "Policy",
    "metadata": {
      "name": "default",
      "namespace": "default"
    },
    "spec": {
      "peers": [
        {
          "mtls": {}
        }
      ]
    }
  },
  {
    "apiVersion": "networking.istio.io/v1alpha3",
    "kind": "DestinationRule",
    "metadata": {
      "name": "default",
      "namespace": "default"
    },
    "spec": {
      "host": "*.default.svc.cluster.local",
      "trafficPolicy": {
        "tls": {
          "mode": "ISTIO_MUTUAL"
        }
      }
    }
  }
]
```

© 2019-2022 Kelly Brazil