msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: Comprehensive Rust 🦀\n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2024-04-05T16:37:18-04:00\n"
"PO-Revision-Date: 2024-05-24 15:14-0400\n"
"Last-Translator: Olivier Charrez <olivier.charrez@hotmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: French <traduc@traduc.org>\n"
"Language: fr\n"
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n > 1);\n"
"X-Generator: Poedit 3.4.2\n"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/index.md
msgid "Welcome to Comprehensive Rust 🦀"
msgstr "Bienvenue à Comprehensive Rust (le guide complet de Rust) 🦀"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course.md
msgid "Running the Course"
msgstr "Comment présenter le cours"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
msgid "Course Structure"
msgstr "Structure du cours"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md
msgid "Keyboard Shortcuts"
msgstr "Raccourcis clavier"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/translations.md
msgid "Translations"
msgstr "Traductions"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/cargo.md
msgid "Using Cargo"
msgstr "Utiliser Cargo"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Rust Ecosystem"
msgstr "Écosystème de Rust"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Code Samples"
msgstr "Exemples de code"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Running Cargo Locally"
msgstr "Exécuter Cargo localement"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Day 1: Morning"
msgstr "Jour 1 : Matin"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Welcome"
msgstr "Bienvenue"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/hello-world.md src/types-and-values/hello-world.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Hello, World"
msgstr "Bonjour le monde!"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
msgid "What is Rust?"
msgstr "Qu'est-ce que Rust ?"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/hello-world/benefits.md
msgid "Benefits of Rust"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/hello-world/playground.md
msgid "Playground"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values.md
msgid "Types and Values"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values/variables.md
msgid "Variables"
msgstr "Variables"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values/values.md
msgid "Values"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md
msgid "Arithmetic"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values/inference.md
msgid "Type Inference"
msgstr "Inférence de type"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values/exercise.md
msgid "Exercise: Fibonacci"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values/solution.md
#: src/control-flow-basics/solution.md src/tuples-and-arrays/solution.md
#: src/references/solution.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md
#: src/pattern-matching/solution.md src/methods-and-traits/solution.md
#: src/generics/solution.md src/std-types/solution.md
#: src/std-traits/solution.md src/memory-management/solution.md
#: src/smart-pointers/solution.md src/borrowing/solution.md
#: src/lifetimes/solution.md src/iterators/solution.md src/modules/solution.md
#: src/testing/solution.md src/error-handling/solution.md
#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Solution"
msgstr "Solutions"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Control Flow Basics"
msgstr "Flux de contrôle"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`if` Expressions"
msgstr "expressions \"si\""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/loops.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Loops"
msgstr "Boucles `for`"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/loops/for.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`for`"
msgstr "Boucles `for`"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/loops/loop.md
msgid "`loop`"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`break` and `continue`"
msgstr "`pause` et `continue`"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/break-continue/labels.md
msgid "Labels"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md
msgid "Blocks and Scopes"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes/scopes.md
msgid "Scopes and Shadowing"
msgstr "Portée et masquage"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/functions.md
msgid "Functions"
msgstr "Fonctions"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/macros.md
msgid "Macros"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
msgid "Exercise: Collatz Sequence"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Day 1: Afternoon"
msgstr "Jour 1 : Après-midi"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/tuples-and-arrays.md
msgid "Tuples and Arrays"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/tuples-and-arrays/arrays.md
msgid "Arrays"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples.md
msgid "Tuples"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/tuples-and-arrays/iteration.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Array Iteration"
msgstr "Iterator"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Patterns and Destructuring"
msgstr "Déstructuration des énumérations"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md
msgid "Exercise: Nested Arrays"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/references.md
msgid "References"
msgstr "Références"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/references/shared.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Shared References"
msgstr "Références"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/references/exclusive.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Exclusive References"
msgstr "Références invalides"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Slices: `&[T]`"
msgstr "Tranches"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/references/strings.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Strings"
msgstr "Cordes"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/references/exercise.md
msgid "Exercise: Geometry"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types.md
msgid "User-Defined Types"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Named Structs"
msgstr "Structures"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md
msgid "Tuple Structs"
msgstr "Structures tuple"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types/enums.md
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
msgid "Enums"
msgstr "Énumérations"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Static"
msgstr "`statique`"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Const"
msgstr "`const`"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types/aliases.md
msgid "Type Aliases"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types/exercise.md
msgid "Exercise: Elevator Events"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Day 2: Morning"
msgstr "Jour 2 : Matin"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/pattern-matching.md
msgid "Pattern Matching"
msgstr "Filtrage par motif"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/pattern-matching/match.md
msgid "Matching Values"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Destructuring"
msgstr "Déstructuration des énumérations"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Let Control Flow"
msgstr "Flux de contrôle"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/pattern-matching/exercise.md
msgid "Exercise: Expression Evaluation"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/methods-and-traits.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Methods and Traits"
msgstr "Read et Write"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
msgid "Methods"
msgstr "Méthodes"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/methods-and-traits/traits.md
msgid "Traits"
msgstr "Traits"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/methods-and-traits/traits/implementing.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Implementing Traits"
msgstr "Implémentation de traits non sécurisés"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/methods-and-traits/traits/supertraits.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Supertraits"
msgstr "Plus de traits"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/methods-and-traits/traits/associated-types.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Associated Types"
msgstr "Types scalaires"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Deriving"
msgstr "Traits dérivés"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Exercise: Generic Logger"
msgstr "Exercices"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics.md
msgid "Generics"
msgstr "Génériques"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics/generic-functions.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Generic Functions"
msgstr "Fonctions externes"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics/generic-data.md
msgid "Generic Data Types"
msgstr "Types de données génériques"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics/generic-traits.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Generic Traits"
msgstr "Génériques"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics/trait-bounds.md
msgid "Trait Bounds"
msgstr "Traits lié"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics/impl-trait.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`impl Trait`"
msgstr "`Trait d'implémentation`"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics/exercise.md
msgid "Exercise: Generic `min`"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Day 2: Afternoon"
msgstr "Jour 2 : Après-midi"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-types.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Standard Library Types"
msgstr "Bibliothèque standard"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-types/std.md
msgid "Standard Library"
msgstr "Bibliothèque standard"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-types/docs.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Documentation"
msgstr "Tests de documentation"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`Option`"
msgstr "`Durée`"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`Result`"
msgstr "`Option`, `Résultat`"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`String`"
msgstr "String"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-types/vec.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`Vec`"
msgstr "`Vec`"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-types/hashmap.md src/bare-metal/no_std.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`HashMap`"
msgstr "`HashMap`"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-types/exercise.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Exercise: Counter"
msgstr "Exercices"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Standard Library Traits"
msgstr "Bibliothèque standard"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits/comparisons.md src/async.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Comparisons"
msgstr "Comparaison"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits/operators.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Operators"
msgstr "Itérateurs"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits/from-and-into.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`From` and `Into`"
msgstr "`De` et `Dans`"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits/casting.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Casting"
msgstr "Tester"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits/read-and-write.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`Read` and `Write`"
msgstr "`Lire` et `Ecrire`"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "`Default`, struct update syntax"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits/closures.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Closures"
msgstr "Fermetures"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits/exercise.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Exercise: ROT13"
msgstr "Exercices"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Day 3: Morning"
msgstr "Jour 3 : Matin"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management.md
msgid "Memory Management"
msgstr "Gestion de la mémoire"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management/review.md
msgid "Review of Program Memory"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management/approaches.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Approaches to Memory Management"
msgstr "Gestion automatique de la mémoire"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management/ownership.md
msgid "Ownership"
msgstr "Possession"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management/move.md
msgid "Move Semantics"
msgstr "Sémantique de déplacement"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "`Clone`"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management/copy-types.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Copy Types"
msgstr "Types composés"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`Drop`"
msgstr "Drop"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management/exercise.md
msgid "Exercise: Builder Type"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/smart-pointers.md
msgid "Smart Pointers"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/smart-pointers/box.md
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`Box<T>`"
msgstr "`Boîte`"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/smart-pointers/rc.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`Rc`"
msgstr "`Rc`"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md
msgid "Trait Objects"
msgstr "Objets traits"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/smart-pointers/exercise.md
msgid "Exercise: Binary Tree"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Day 3: Afternoon"
msgstr "Jour 3 : Après-midi"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/borrowing.md
msgid "Borrowing"
msgstr "Emprunts"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/borrowing/shared.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Borrowing a Value"
msgstr "Emprunts"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/borrowing/borrowck.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Borrow Checking"
msgstr "Emprunts"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Interior Mutability"
msgstr "Interopérabilité"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/borrowing/exercise.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Exercise: Health Statistics"
msgstr "Statistiques de santé"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/lifetimes.md
msgid "Lifetimes"
msgstr "Durées de vie"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Lifetime Annotations"
msgstr "Durées de vie dans les appels de fonction"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Lifetime Elision"
msgstr "Durées de vie"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Struct Lifetimes"
msgstr "Durées de vie"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/lifetimes/exercise.md
msgid "Exercise: Protobuf Parsing"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Day 4: Morning"
msgstr "Jour 1 : Matin"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/iterators.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Iterators"
msgstr "Itérateurs"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/iterators/iterator.md src/bare-metal/no_std.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`Iterator`"
msgstr "`Itérateur`"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/iterators/intoiterator.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`IntoIterator`"
msgstr "`IntoIterator`"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`FromIterator`"
msgstr "FromIterator"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/iterators/exercise.md
msgid "Exercise: Iterator Method Chaining"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/modules.md src/modules/modules.md
msgid "Modules"
msgstr "Modules"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/modules/filesystem.md
msgid "Filesystem Hierarchy"
msgstr "Hiérarchie du système de fichiers"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/modules/visibility.md
msgid "Visibility"
msgstr "Visibilité"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "`use`, `super`, `self`"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/modules/exercise.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Exercise: Modules for a GUI Library"
msgstr "Une bibliothèque d'interface graphique"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/testing.md src/chromium/testing.md
msgid "Testing"
msgstr "Tester"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Test Modules"
msgstr "Modules de test"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/testing/other.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Other Types of Tests"
msgstr "Autres projets"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/testing/lints.md
msgid "Compiler Lints and Clippy"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/testing/exercise.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Exercise: Luhn Algorithm"
msgstr "Algorithme de Luhn"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Day 4: Afternoon"
msgstr "Jour 1 : Après-midi"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/error-handling.md
msgid "Error Handling"
msgstr "Gestion des erreurs"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/error-handling/panics.md
msgid "Panics"
msgstr "Paniques"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/error-handling/try.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Try Operator"
msgstr "Iterator"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/error-handling/try-conversions.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Try Conversions"
msgstr "Conversions implicites"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`Error` Trait"
msgstr "\"Erreur\""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`thiserror` and `anyhow`"
msgstr "`De` et `Dans`"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Exercise: Rewriting with `Result`"
msgstr "Gestion structurée des erreurs avec `Result`"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/unsafe-rust.md src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md
msgid "Unsafe Rust"
msgstr "Rust non sécurisé (_unsafe_)"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Unsafe"
msgstr "Rust non sécurisé (_unsafe_)"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md
msgid "Dereferencing Raw Pointers"
msgstr "Déréférencement des pointeurs nus"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md
msgid "Mutable Static Variables"
msgstr "Variables statiques mutables"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/unsafe-rust/unions.md
msgid "Unions"
msgstr "Unions"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Unsafe Functions"
msgstr "Appel de fonctions non sécurisées"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Unsafe Traits"
msgstr "Implémentation de traits non sécurisés"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Exercise: FFI Wrapper"
msgstr "Enveloppe FFI sécurisée"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/android.md
msgid "Android"
msgstr "Android"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/setup.md src/chromium/setup.md
msgid "Setup"
msgstr "Installation"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/build-rules.md
msgid "Build Rules"
msgstr "Règles de compilation"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Binary"
msgstr "Binaire"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Library"
msgstr "Bibliothèque"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/aidl.md
msgid "AIDL"
msgstr "AIDL"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/aidl/birthday-service.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Birthday Service Tutorial"
msgstr "_service_anniversaire/src/lib.rs_ :"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Interface"
msgstr "Interface"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Service API"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Service"
msgstr "Serveur"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Server"
msgstr "Serveur"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/aidl/example-service/deploy.md
msgid "Deploy"
msgstr "Déployer"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Client"
msgstr "Client"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/aidl/example-service/changing-definition.md
msgid "Changing API"
msgstr "Modification de l'API"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Updating Implementations"
msgstr "Mise en œuvre"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "AIDL Types"
msgstr "Types"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md
msgid "Primitive Types"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/aidl/types/arrays.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Array Types"
msgstr "Types composés"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/aidl/types/objects.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Sending Objects"
msgstr "Objets traits"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/aidl/types/parcelables.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Parcelables"
msgstr "Variables"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/aidl/types/file-descriptor.md
msgid "Sending Files"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/testing/googletest.md
msgid "GoogleTest"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/testing/mocking.md
msgid "Mocking"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/logging.md src/bare-metal/aps/logging.md
msgid "Logging"
msgstr "Journalisation"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability.md
msgid "Interoperability"
msgstr "Interopérabilité"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "With C"
msgstr "Avec C"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Calling C with Bindgen"
msgstr "Appeler C avec Bindgen"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Calling Rust from C"
msgstr "Appeler Rust depuis C"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp.md
msgid "With C++"
msgstr "Avec C++"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "The Bridge Module"
msgstr "Modules de test"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Rust Bridge"
msgstr "Binaires Rust"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/generated-cpp.md
msgid "Generated C++"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "C++ Bridge"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-types.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Shared Types"
msgstr "Types scalaires"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-enums.md
msgid "Shared Enums"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Rust Error Handling"
msgstr "Gestion des erreurs"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-exception.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "C++ Error Handling"
msgstr "Gestion des erreurs"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
msgid "Additional Types"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Building for Android: C++"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Building for Android: Genrules"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Building for Android: Rust"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "With Java"
msgstr "Avec Java"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/android/morning.md
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/morning.md src/exercises/bare-metal/afternoon.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/morning.md src/exercises/concurrency/afternoon.md
msgid "Exercises"
msgstr "Exercices"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Chromium"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/cargo.md
msgid "Comparing Chromium and Cargo Ecosystems"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Policy"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Unsafe Code"
msgstr "Rust non sécurisé (_unsafe_)"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/build-rules/depending.md
msgid "Depending on Rust Code from Chromium C++"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md
msgid "Visual Studio Code"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Exercise"
msgstr "Exercices"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/testing/rust-gtest-interop.md
msgid "`rust_gtest_interop` Library"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/testing/build-gn.md
msgid "GN Rules for Rust Tests"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/testing/chromium-import-macro.md
msgid "`chromium::import!` Macro"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Interoperability with C++"
msgstr "Interopérabilité avec C"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Example Bindings"
msgstr "Exemples"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md
msgid "Limitations of CXX"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "CXX Error Handling"
msgstr "Gestion des erreurs"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Error Handling: QR Example"
msgstr "Gestion des erreurs"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Error Handling: PNG Example"
msgstr "Gestion des erreurs"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Using CXX in Chromium"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
msgid "Adding Third Party Crates"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Configuring Cargo.toml"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md
msgid "Configuring `gnrt_config.toml`"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md
msgid "Downloading Crates"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md
msgid "Generating `gn` Build Rules"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md
msgid "Resolving Problems"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-generate-code.md
msgid "Build Scripts Which Generate Code"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-take-arbitrary-actions.md
msgid "Build Scripts Which Build C++ or Take Arbitrary Actions"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/depending-on-a-crate.md
msgid "Depending on a Crate"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Reviews and Audits"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Checking into Chromium Source Code"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/keeping-up-to-date.md
msgid "Keeping Crates Up to Date"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Bringing It Together - Exercise"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/chromium/solutions.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Exercise Solutions"
msgstr "Solutions"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Bare Metal: Morning"
msgstr "Bare Metal : Matin"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/no_std.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`no_std`"
msgstr "`no_std`"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "A Minimal Example"
msgstr "Un exemple minimal"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/no_std.md src/bare-metal/alloc.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`alloc`"
msgstr "`allouer`"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/microcontrollers.md
msgid "Microcontrollers"
msgstr "Microcontrôleurs"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md
msgid "Raw MMIO"
msgstr "MMIO brut"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "PACs"
msgstr "PACs"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "HAL Crates"
msgstr "HAL Crates"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Board Support Crates"
msgstr "Board Support Crates"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "The Type State Pattern"
msgstr "Le modèle d'état de type"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`embedded-hal`"
msgstr "`embedded-hal`"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`probe-rs` and `cargo-embed`"
msgstr "`probe-rs`, `cargo-embed`"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md
msgid "Debugging"
msgstr "Débogage"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Other Projects"
msgstr "Autres projets"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md
msgid "Compass"
msgstr "Boussole"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Solutions"
msgstr "Solutions"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Bare Metal: Afternoon"
msgstr "Bare Metal : Après-midi"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Application Processors"
msgstr "Processeurs d'applications"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md
msgid "Getting Ready to Rust"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Inline Assembly"
msgstr "Assembleur en ligne"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "MMIO"
msgstr "MMIO"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Let's Write a UART Driver"
msgstr "Écrivons un pilote UART"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "More Traits"
msgstr "Plus de traits"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "A Better UART Driver"
msgstr "Un meilleur pilote UART"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md
msgid "Bitflags"
msgstr "Bitflags"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Multiple Registers"
msgstr "Registres multiples"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md
msgid "Driver"
msgstr "Pilote"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Using It"
msgstr "Utilisation"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/aps/exceptions.md
msgid "Exceptions"
msgstr "Exceptions"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Useful Crates"
msgstr "Crates utiles"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`zerocopy`"
msgstr "`zérocopie`"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`aarch64-paging`"
msgstr "`aarch64-pagination`"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/useful-crates/buddy_system_allocator.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`buddy_system_allocator`"
msgstr "`buddy_system_allocator`"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/useful-crates/tinyvec.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`tinyvec`"
msgstr "`tinyvec`"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`spin`"
msgstr "`tourner`"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`vmbase`"
msgstr "vmbase"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "RTC Driver"
msgstr "Pilote RTC"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Concurrency: Morning"
msgstr "Concurrence : Matin"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/threads.md
msgid "Threads"
msgstr "Threads"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md
msgid "Scoped Threads"
msgstr "Threads délimités"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/channels.md
msgid "Channels"
msgstr "Canaux"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md
msgid "Unbounded Channels"
msgstr "Canaux illimités"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md
msgid "Bounded Channels"
msgstr "Canaux limités"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/send-sync.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`Send` and `Sync`"
msgstr "`Envoyer` et `Synchroniser`"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/send-sync/send.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`Send`"
msgstr "`Envoyer`"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`Sync`"
msgstr "`Synchroniser`"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
msgid "Examples"
msgstr "Exemples"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/shared_state.md
msgid "Shared State"
msgstr "État partagé"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`Arc`"
msgstr "`Arc`"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`Mutex`"
msgstr "`Mutex`"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management/review.md
#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md
msgid "Example"
msgstr "Exemple"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
msgid "Dining Philosophers"
msgstr "Dîner des philosophes"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
msgid "Multi-threaded Link Checker"
msgstr "Vérificateur de liens à plusieurs threads"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Concurrency: Afternoon"
msgstr "Concurrence : Après-midi"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Async Basics"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/async-await.md
msgid "`async`/`await`"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/futures.md
msgid "Futures"
msgstr "Fermetures"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/runtimes.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Runtimes"
msgstr "Garanties d'exécution"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/runtimes/tokio.md
msgid "Tokio"
msgstr "Tokio"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md src/async/tasks.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
msgid "Tasks"
msgstr "Tâches"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/channels.md
msgid "Async Channels"
msgstr "Canaux asynchrones"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Control Flow"
msgstr "Flux de contrôle"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/control-flow/join.md
msgid "Join"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/control-flow/select.md
msgid "Select"
msgstr "Select"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Pitfalls"
msgstr "Pièges"

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Blocking the Executor"
msgstr "Bloquer l'exécuteur"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
msgid "`Pin`"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md
msgid "Async Traits"
msgstr "Traits asynchrones"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md
msgid "Cancellation"
msgstr "Annulation"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "Broadcast Chat Application"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Final Words"
msgstr "Derniers mots"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/thanks.md
msgid "Thanks!"
msgstr "Merci!"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/glossary.md
msgid "Glossary"
msgstr ""

#: src/SUMMARY.md
msgid "Other Resources"
msgstr "Autres ressources"

#: src/SUMMARY.md src/credits.md
msgid "Credits"
msgstr "Crédits"

#: src/index.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"[![Build workflow](https://img.shields.io/github/actions/workflow/status/"
"google/comprehensive-rust/build.yml?style=flat-square)](https://github.com/"
"google/comprehensive-rust/actions/workflows/build.yml?query=branch%3Amain) [!"
"[GitHub contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/google/"
"comprehensive-rust?style=flat-square)](https://github.com/google/"
"comprehensive-rust/graphs/contributors) [![GitHub stars](https://img.shields."
"io/github/stars/google/comprehensive-rust?style=flat-square)](https://github."
"com/google/comprehensive-rust/stargazers)"
msgstr ""
"[![Flux de construction](https://img.shields.io/github/actions/workflow/"
"status/google/comprehensive-rust/build.yml?style=flat-square)](https://"
"github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/actions/workflows/build.yml?"
"query=branch%3Amain) [![Contributeurs GitHub](https://img.shields.io/github/"
"contributors/google/comprehensive-rust?style=flat-square)](https://github."
"com/google/comprehensive-rust/graphs/contributors)"

#: src/index.md
msgid ""
"This is a free Rust course developed by the Android team at Google. The "
"course covers the full spectrum of Rust, from basic syntax to advanced "
"topics like generics and error handling."
msgstr ""
"Ce cours Rust gratuit a été développé par l'équipe Android de Google. Le "
"cours couvre l'ensemble du langage Rust, de la syntaxe de base aux sujets "
"avancés comme les génériques et la gestion des erreurs."

#: src/index.md
msgid ""
"The latest version of the course can be found at <https://google.github.io/"
"comprehensive-rust/>. If you are reading somewhere else, please check there "
"for updates."
msgstr ""
"La version la plus à jour de ce cours se trouve à l'adresse suivante: "
"<https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/>. Si vous lisez ce cours "
"depuis une autre adresse, n'hésitez pas à suivre ce lien pour accéder à la "
"dernière version."

#: src/index.md
msgid "The course is also available [as a PDF](comprehensive-rust.pdf)."
msgstr ""
"Ce cours est également disponible [au format PDF](comprehensive-rust.pdf)."

#: src/index.md
msgid ""
"The goal of the course is to teach you Rust. We assume you don't know "
"anything about Rust and hope to:"
msgstr ""
"Le but du cours est de vous apprendre Rust. Nous supposons que vous "
"découvrez ce langage et espérons :"

#: src/index.md
msgid "Give you a comprehensive understanding of the Rust syntax and language."
msgstr ""
"Vous donner une compréhension complète de la syntaxe et du langage Rust."

#: src/index.md
msgid "Enable you to modify existing programs and write new programs in Rust."
msgstr ""
"Vous permettre de modifier des programmes existants et d'écrire de nouveaux "
"programmes en Rust."

#: src/index.md
msgid "Show you common Rust idioms."
msgstr "Vous montrer les constructions fréquentes (idiomes) en Rust."

#: src/index.md
msgid "We call the first four course days Rust Fundamentals."
msgstr ""
"Nous appelons les quatre premiers jours de ce cours les «Fondamentaux de "
"Rust»."

#: src/index.md
msgid ""
"Building on this, you're invited to dive into one or more specialized topics:"
msgstr ""
"Au-delà de ces quatre premiers jours de cours, nous vous invitons à "
"approfondir un ou plusieurs des sujets suivant:"

#: src/index.md
msgid ""
"[Android](android.md): a half-day course on using Rust for Android platform "
"development (AOSP). This includes interoperability with C, C++, and Java."
msgstr ""
"[Android](android.md): un cours d'une demi-journée consacré à l'utilisation "
"de Rust dans le cadre du développement pour la plate-forme Android. Ce cours "
"couvre également l'interopérabilité avec les langages C, C++ et Java."

#: src/index.md
msgid ""
"[Chromium](chromium.md): a half-day course on using Rust within Chromium "
"based browsers. This includes interoperability with C++ and how to include "
"third-party crates in Chromium."
msgstr ""
"[Chromium](chromium.md): un cours d'une demi-journée consacré à "
"l'utilisation de Rust dans le cadre du développement pour les navigateurs "
"internet basés sur Chromium. Il inclut l'interopérabilité avec le langage C+"
"+ et explique comment inclure des crates tierces dans Chromium."

#: src/index.md
msgid ""
"[Bare-metal](bare-metal.md): a whole-day class on using Rust for bare-metal "
"(embedded) development. Both microcontrollers and application processors are "
"covered."
msgstr ""
"[Bare-metal](bare-metal.md): un cours d'une journée consacré à l'utilisation "
"de Rust pour le développement embarqué. Le cours touche à la fois aux "
"microcontrôleurs et aux processeurs d'applications."

#: src/index.md
msgid ""
"[Concurrency](concurrency.md): a whole-day class on concurrency in Rust. We "
"cover both classical concurrency (preemptively scheduling using threads and "
"mutexes) and async/await concurrency (cooperative multitasking using "
"futures)."
msgstr ""
"[Programmation concurrente](concurrency.md): un cours d'une journée consacré "
"à la programmation concurrente en Rust. Nous couvrons la concurrence "
"classique (planification à base de threads et mutex) ainsi que la "
"concurrence async/await (multitâche coopératif à base de _futures_)."

#: src/index.md
msgid "Non-Goals"
msgstr "Non-objectifs"

#: src/index.md
msgid ""
"Rust is a large language and we won't be able to cover all of it in a few "
"days. Some non-goals of this course are:"
msgstr ""
"Rust est un vaste langage et nous ne pourrons pas tout couvrir en quelques "
"jours. Certains non-objectifs de ce cours sont :"

#: src/index.md
msgid ""
"Learning how to develop macros: please see [Chapter 19.5 in the Rust Book]"
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch19-06-macros.html) and [Rust by Example]"
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/macros.html) instead."
msgstr ""
"Apprendre comment développer des macros: pour cela, nous vous invitons à "
"consulter le [Chapitre 19.5 dans le Rust Book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/"
"book/ch19-06-macros.html) et [Rust by Example](https://doc.rust-lang.org/"
"rust-by-example/macros.html) (an anglais). Vous pouvez également consulter "
"[le Chapitre 19.5 dans la traduction non-officielle du Rust Book](https://"
"jimskapt.github.io/rust-book-fr/ch19-06-macros.html) en français."

#: src/index.md
msgid "Assumptions"
msgstr "Prérequis"

#: src/index.md
msgid ""
"The course assumes that you already know how to program. Rust is a "
"statically-typed language and we will sometimes make comparisons with C and "
"C++ to better explain or contrast the Rust approach."
msgstr ""
"Le cours suppose que vous savez déjà programmer. Rust est un langage "
"statiquement typé et nous ferons parfois des comparaisons avec C et C++ pour "
"mieux expliquer ou contraster l'approche de Rust."

#: src/index.md
msgid ""
"If you know how to program in a dynamically-typed language such as Python or "
"JavaScript, then you will be able to follow along just fine too."
msgstr ""
"Si vous savez programmer dans un langage à typage dynamique tel que Python "
"ou JavaScript, vous pourrez également suivre ce cours sans problème."

#: src/index.md
msgid ""
"This is an example of a _speaker note_. We will use these to add additional "
"information to the slides. This could be key points which the instructor "
"should cover as well as answers to typical questions which come up in class."
msgstr ""
"Ceci est un exemple de _note du formateur_. Nous les utiliserons pour "
"ajouter d'autres informations sur les diapositives. Cela pourrait être des "
"points clés que l'instructeur devrait couvrir, ainsi que des réponses aux "
"questions typiques posées en classe."

#: src/running-the-course.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
msgid "This page is for the course instructor."
msgstr "Cette page est destinée au formateur."

#: src/running-the-course.md
msgid ""
"Here is a bit of background information about how we've been running the "
"course internally at Google."
msgstr ""
"Voici quelques informations générales sur la façon dont nous avons organisé "
"le cours en interne chez Google."

#: src/running-the-course.md
msgid ""
"We typically run classes from 9:00 am to 4:00 pm, with a 1 hour lunch break "
"in the middle. This leaves 3 hours for the morning class and 3 hours for the "
"afternoon class. Both sessions contain multiple breaks and time for students "
"to work on exercises."
msgstr ""
"En général les classes sont organisées de 9 heures à 16 heures, avec une "
"pause déjeuner d'une heure, soit trois heures de cours le matin et trois "
"heures l'après-midi. La session du matin comme celle de l'après-midi "
"comportent plusieurs pauses ainsi que du temps consacré aux exercices."

#: src/running-the-course.md
msgid "Before you run the course, you will want to:"
msgstr ""
"Avant de présenter le cours, nous vous recommandons les choses suivantes :"

#: src/running-the-course.md
msgid ""
"Make yourself familiar with the course material. We've included speaker "
"notes to help highlight the key points (please help us by contributing more "
"speaker notes!). When presenting, you should make sure to open the speaker "
"notes in a popup (click the link with a little arrow next to \"Speaker "
"Notes\"). This way you have a clean screen to present to the class."
msgstr ""
"Familiarisez-vous avec le cours. Nous avons inclus les _notes du formateur_ "
"afin de mettre les points clés en évidence (n'hésitez pas à nous proposer "
"des notes supplémentaires !). Lors de la présentation, vous devez vous "
"assurer d'ouvrir les notes du formateur dans une popup (cliquez sur le lien "
"avec une petite flèche à côté de _Notes du Formateur_ (_Speaker Notes_)). De "
"cette façon, vous affichez le cours sans les notes à la classe, et pouvez "
"suivre les notes séparément."

#: src/running-the-course.md
msgid ""
"Decide on the dates. Since the course takes four days, we recommend that you "
"schedule the days over two weeks. Course participants have said that they "
"find it helpful to have a gap in the course since it helps them process all "
"the information we give them."
msgstr ""
"Décidez des dates de la classe en avance. Étant donné que le cours dure "
"quatre jours complets, nous vous recommandons de programmer les jours de "
"classe sur un intervalle de deux semaines. Les participants aux classes "
"précédentes ont en effet indiqué qu'il est utile d'espacer les jours de "
"classe afin de mieux absorber le contenu."

#: src/running-the-course.md
msgid ""
"Find a room large enough for your in-person participants. We recommend a "
"class size of 15-25 people. That's small enough that people are comfortable "
"asking questions --- it's also small enough that one instructor will have "
"time to answer the questions. Make sure the room has _desks_ for yourself "
"and for the students: you will all need to be able to sit and work with your "
"laptops. In particular, you will be doing a lot of live-coding as an "
"instructor, so a lectern won't be very helpful for you."
msgstr ""
"Trouvez une salle suffisamment grande pour que tous les participants "
"puissent suivre en personne. Nous recommandons que le nombre de participants "
"soit de 15 à 20 personnes. Cela constitue un groupe suffisamment petit pour "
"que les gens soient à l'aise pour poser des questions --- c'est aussi assez "
"petit pour qu'un instructeur ait le temps de répondre aux questions. Assurez-"
"vous que la salle dispose de _bureaux_ pour vous et pour les étudiants : "
"vous devriez tous pouvoir vous assoir et travailler avec vos ordinateurs "
"portables. En particulier, vous serez amené à faire beaucoup de "
"programmation en direct en tant qu'instructeur, donc un simple pupitre ne "
"serait pas très pratique pour vous."

#: src/running-the-course.md
msgid ""
"On the day of your course, show up to the room a little early to set things "
"up. We recommend presenting directly using `mdbook serve` running on your "
"laptop (see the [installation instructions](https://github.com/google/"
"comprehensive-rust#building)). This ensures optimal performance with no lag "
"as you change pages. Using your laptop will also allow you to fix typos as "
"you or the course participants spot them."
msgstr ""
"Les jours de classe, prévoyez d'arriver en avance afin de préparer la salle. "
"Nous vous recommandons de présenter directement en utilisant `mdbook serve` "
"exécuté sur votre ordinateur portable (voir les [instructions d'installation]"
"(https://github.com/google/comprehensive-rust#building)). Cela garantit des "
"performances optimales sans ralentissement lorsque vous changez de page. "
"L'utilisation de votre ordinateur portable vous permettra également de "
"corriger les éventuelles fautes de frappe."

#: src/running-the-course.md
msgid ""
"Let people solve the exercises by themselves or in small groups. We "
"typically spend 30-45 minutes on exercises in the morning and in the "
"afternoon (including time to review the solutions). Make sure to ask people "
"if they're stuck or if there is anything you can help with. When you see "
"that several people have the same problem, call it out to the class and "
"offer a solution, e.g., by showing people where to find the relevant "
"information in the standard library."
msgstr ""
"Laissez les participants résoudre les exercices seuls ou en petits groupes. "
"En général nous consacrons 30 à 45 minutes aux exercices le matin et l'après-"
"midi (y compris pour discuter les solutions). Assurez-vous de demander aux "
"gens s'ils sont bloqués ou si vous pouvez les aider. Si vous constatez que "
"plusieurs personnes font face au même problème, partagez-le avec la classe "
"et proposez une solution, par exemple en montrant aux participants où "
"trouver les informations pertinentes dans la bibliothèque standard."

#: src/running-the-course.md
msgid ""
"That is all, good luck running the course! We hope it will be as much fun "
"for you as it has been for us!"
msgstr ""
"C'est tout, bonne chance pour la présentation du cours ! Nous espérons que "
"vous y prendrez autant de plaisir que nous !"

#: src/running-the-course.md
msgid ""
"Please [provide feedback](https://github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/"
"discussions/86) afterwards so that we can keep improving the course. We "
"would love to hear what worked well for you and what can be made better. "
"Your students are also very welcome to [send us feedback](https://github.com/"
"google/comprehensive-rust/discussions/100)!"
msgstr ""
"Nous vous demandons de bien vouloir [fournir des commentaires](https://"
"github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/discussions/86) par la suite afin que "
"nous puissions continuer d'améliorer le cours. Nous aimerions savoir ce qui "
"a bien fonctionné pour vous et ce qui pourrait être amélioré. Vos élèves "
"peuvent également [envoyer des commentaires](https://github.com/google/"
"comprehensive-rust/discussions/100). Merci !"

#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
msgid "Rust Fundamentals"
msgstr "Fondamentaux de Rust"

#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
msgid ""
"The first four days make up [Rust Fundamentals](../welcome-day-1.md). The "
"days are fast paced and we cover a lot of ground!"
msgstr ""
"Les quatre premiers jours constituent les [Fondamentaux de Rust](../welcome-"
"day-1.md). Le rythme est soutenu et nous couvrons beaucoup de sujets!"

#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
msgid "{{%course outline Fundamentals}}"
msgstr "{{%course outline Fundamentals}}"

#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
msgid "Deep Dives"
msgstr "Approfondissements"

#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
msgid ""
"In addition to the 4-day class on Rust Fundamentals, we cover some more "
"specialized topics:"
msgstr ""
"Au delà des quatre jours portant sur les Fondamentaux de Rust, nous couvrons "
"également des sujets spécifiques:"

#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
msgid "Rust in Android"
msgstr "Rust pour Android"

#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
msgid ""
"The [Rust in Android](../android.md) deep dive is a half-day course on using "
"Rust for Android platform development. This includes interoperability with "
"C, C++, and Java."
msgstr ""
"[Rust pour Android](../android.md) est un cours d'une demi-journée consacré "
"à l'utilisation de Rust dans le cadre du développement pour la plate-forme "
"Android. Ce cours couvre également l'interopérabilité avec les langages C, C+"
"+ et Java."

#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
msgid ""
"You will need an [AOSP checkout](https://source.android.com/docs/setup/"
"download/downloading). Make a checkout of the [course repository](https://"
"github.com/google/comprehensive-rust) on the same machine and move the `src/"
"android/` directory into the root of your AOSP checkout. This will ensure "
"that the Android build system sees the `Android.bp` files in `src/android/`."
msgstr ""
"Vous aurez besoin d'un [AOSP checkout](https://source.android.com/docs/setup/"
"download/downloading). Effectuez un checkout du [répertoire du cours]"
"(https://github.com/google/comprehensive-rust) sur la même machine et "
"déplacez le dossier `src/android/` à la racine de votre checkout AOSP. Cela "
"assurera que le système de construction d'Android a accès aux fichiers "
"`Android.bp` dans `src/android/`."

#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
msgid ""
"Ensure that `adb sync` works with your emulator or real device and pre-build "
"all Android examples using `src/android/build_all.sh`. Read the script to "
"see the commands it runs and make sure they work when you run them by hand."
msgstr ""
"Assurez-vous que `adb sync` fonctionne avec votre émulateur ou votre "
"appareil réel et pré-construisez tous les exemples Android en utilisant `src/"
"android/build_all.sh`. Lisez le script pour voir les commandes éxécutées et "
"assurez-vous qu'elles fonctionnent lorsque vous les exécutez à la main."

#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
msgid "Rust in Chromium"
msgstr "Rust pour Chromium"

#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
msgid ""
"The [Rust in Chromium](../chromium.md) deep dive is a half-day course on "
"using Rust as part of the Chromium browser. It includes using Rust in "
"Chromium's `gn` build system, bringing in third-party libraries (\"crates\") "
"and C++ interoperability."
msgstr ""
"Le cours [Rust pour Chromium](../chromium.md) dure une demi-journée et "
"explore l'utilisation de Rust pour le navigateur Chromium. Il couvre "
"l'utilisation de Rust au sein du système de compilation `gn` de Chromium, "
"l'intégration de bibliothèques tierces (\"crates\") et l'interopérabilité "
"avec C++."

#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
msgid ""
"You will need to be able to build Chromium --- a debug, component build is "
"[recommended](../chromium/setup.md) for speed but any build will work. "
"Ensure that you can run the Chromium browser that you've built."
msgstr ""
"Vous aurez besoin de pouvoir compiler Chromium --- une compilation debug par "
"composant est [recommandée](../chromium/setup.md) pour pouvoir effectuer des "
"itérations de développement plus rapidement. Assurez-vous que vous pouvez "
"lancer le navigateur Chromium que vous avez compilé."

#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
msgid "Bare-Metal Rust"
msgstr "Bare-Metal Rust"

#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
msgid ""
"The [Bare-Metal Rust](../bare-metal.md) deep dive is a full day class on "
"using Rust for bare-metal (embedded) development. Both microcontrollers and "
"application processors are covered."
msgstr ""
"[Bare-metal Rust](../bare-metal.md) est un cours d'une journée consacré à "
"l'utilisation de Rust pour le développement embarqué. Le cours touche à la "
"fois aux microcontrôleurs et aux processeurs d'applications."

#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
msgid ""
"For the microcontroller part, you will need to buy the [BBC micro:bit]"
"(https://microbit.org/) v2 development board ahead of time. Everybody will "
"need to install a number of packages as described on the [welcome page](../"
"bare-metal.md)."
msgstr ""
"Pour la partie microcontrôleurs, vous devrez acheter la carte de "
"développement [BBC micro:bit](https://microbit.org/) v2 avant de commencer.\n"
"Tous les participants à ce cours devront installer les paquets listés sur "
"[la page de bienvenue](../bare-metal.md) du cours."

#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
msgid "Concurrency in Rust"
msgstr "Programmation concurrente en Rust"

#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
msgid ""
"The [Concurrency in Rust](../concurrency.md) deep dive is a full day class "
"on classical as well as `async`/`await` concurrency."
msgstr ""
"[La programmation concurrente en Rust](../concurrency.md) est un cours d'une "
"journée portant sur la programmation concurrente classique ainsi que `async`/"
"`await`."

#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
msgid ""
"You will need a fresh crate set up and the dependencies downloaded and ready "
"to go. You can then copy/paste the examples into `src/main.rs` to experiment "
"with them:"
msgstr ""
"Il faudra que vous ayez préparé une crate à jour et que vous ayez téléchargé "
"et installé les dépendances. Vous pourrez ensuite copier/coller les exemples "
"dans `src/main.rs` et les modifier:"

#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
msgid "Format"
msgstr "Format du cours"

#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
msgid ""
"The course is meant to be very interactive and we recommend letting the "
"questions drive the exploration of Rust!"
msgstr ""
"Le cours se veut très interactif et nous recommandons de laisser les "
"questions guider l'exploration de Rust !"

#: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md
msgid "There are several useful keyboard shortcuts in mdBook:"
msgstr "Il existe plusieurs raccourcis clavier utiles dans mdBook :"

#: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md
msgid "Arrow-Left"
msgstr "Flèche vers la gauche"

#: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md
msgid ": Navigate to the previous page."
msgstr " : Navigue à la page précédente."

#: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md
msgid "Arrow-Right"
msgstr "Flèche vers la droite"

#: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md
msgid ": Navigate to the next page."
msgstr " : Navigue à la page suivante."

#: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md src/cargo/code-samples.md
msgid "Ctrl + Enter"
msgstr "Ctrl + Entrée"

#: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md
msgid ": Execute the code sample that has focus."
msgstr " : Exécute l'exemple de code qui a le focus."

#: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md
msgid "s"
msgstr "s"

#: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md
msgid ": Activate the search bar."
msgstr " : Active la barre de recherche."

#: src/running-the-course/translations.md
msgid ""
"The course has been translated into other languages by a set of wonderful "
"volunteers:"
msgstr ""
"Le cours a été traduit dans d'autres langues par un ensemble de merveilleux "
"bénévoles:"

#: src/running-the-course/translations.md
msgid ""
"[Brazilian Portuguese](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/pt-BR/) "
"by [@rastringer](https://github.com/rastringer), [@hugojacob](https://github."
"com/hugojacob), [@joaovicmendes](https://github.com/joaovicmendes), and "
"[@henrif75](https://github.com/henrif75)."
msgstr ""
"[portugais brésilien](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/pt-BR/) "
"par [@rastringer](https://github.com/rastringer), [@hugojacob](https://"
"github.com/hugojacob), [@joaovicmendes](https://github.com/joaovicmendes), "
"et [@henrif75](https://github.com/henrif75)."

#: src/running-the-course/translations.md
msgid ""
"[Chinese (Simplified)](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/zh-CN/) "
"by [@suetfei](https://github.com/suetfei), [@wnghl](https://github.com/"
"wnghl), [@anlunx](https://github.com/anlunx), [@kongy](https://github.com/"
"kongy), [@noahdragon](https://github.com/noahdragon), [@superwhd](https://"
"github.com/superwhd), [@SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK), and [@nodmp]"
"(https://github.com/nodmp)."
msgstr ""
"[chinois (simplifié)](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/zh-CN/) "
"par [@suetfei](https://github.com/suetfei), [@wnghl](https://github.com/"
"wnghl), [@anlunx](https://github.com/anlunx), [@kongy](https://github.com/"
"kongy), [@noahdragon](https://github.com/noahdragon), [@superwhd](https://"
"github.com/superwhd), [@SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK), et [@nodmp]"
"(https://github.com/nodmp)."

#: src/running-the-course/translations.md
msgid ""
"[Chinese (Traditional)](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/zh-TW/) "
"by [@hueich](https://github.com/hueich), [@victorhsieh](https://github.com/"
"victorhsieh), [@mingyc](https://github.com/mingyc), [@kuanhungchen](https://"
"github.com/kuanhungchen), and [@johnathan79717](https://github.com/"
"johnathan79717)."
msgstr ""
"[chinois (traditionnel)](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/zh-TW/) "
"par [@hueich](https://github.com/hueich), [@victorhsieh](https://github.com/"
"victorhsieh), [@mingyc](https://github.com/mingyc), [@kuanhungchen](https://"
"github.com/kuanhungchen), et [@johnathan79717](https://github.com/"
"johnathan79717)."

#: src/running-the-course/translations.md
msgid ""
"[Korean](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/ko/) by [@keispace]"
"(https://github.com/keispace), [@jiyongp](https://github.com/jiyongp), "
"[@jooyunghan](https://github.com/jooyunghan), and [@namhyung](https://github."
"com/namhyung)."
msgstr ""
"[coréen](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/ko/) par [@keispace]"
"(https://github.com/keispace), [@jiyongp](https://github.com/jiyongp), "
"[@jooyunghan](https://github.com/jooyunghan), et [@namhyung](https://github."
"com/namhyung)."

#: src/running-the-course/translations.md
msgid ""
"[Spanish](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/es/) by [@deavid]"
"(https://github.com/deavid)."
msgstr ""
"[espagnol](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/es/) by [@deavid]"
"(https://github.com/deavid)."

#: src/running-the-course/translations.md
msgid ""
"Use the language picker in the top-right corner to switch between languages."
msgstr ""
"Utilisez le sélecteur de langue dans le coin supérieur droit pour basculer "
"entre les langues."

#: src/running-the-course/translations.md
msgid "Incomplete Translations"
msgstr "Traductions incomplètes"

#: src/running-the-course/translations.md
msgid ""
"There is a large number of in-progress translations. We link to the most "
"recently updated translations:"
msgstr ""
"Il y a beaucoup de traductions en cours d'élaboration. Nous listons ci-"
"dessous celles ayant été mises à jour le plus récemment:"

#: src/running-the-course/translations.md
msgid ""
"[Bengali](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/bn/) by [@raselmandol]"
"(https://github.com/raselmandol)."
msgstr ""
"[bengali](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/bn/) par [@raselmandol]"
"(https://github.com/raselmandol)."

#: src/running-the-course/translations.md
msgid ""
"[French](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/fr/) by [@KookaS]"
"(https://github.com/KookaS) and [@vcaen](https://github.com/vcaen)."
msgstr ""
"[francais](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/fr/) par [@KookaS]"
"(https://github.com/KookaS), [@vcaen](https://github.com/vcaen) et "
"[@AdrienBaudemont](https://github.com/AdrienBaudemont)."

#: src/running-the-course/translations.md
msgid ""
"[German](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/de/) by [@Throvn]"
"(https://github.com/Throvn) and [@ronaldfw](https://github.com/ronaldfw)."
msgstr ""
"[allemand](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/de/) par [@Throvn]"
"(https://github.com/Throvn) et [@ronaldfw](https://github.com/ronaldfw)."

#: src/running-the-course/translations.md
msgid ""
"[Japanese](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/ja/) by [@CoinEZ-JPN]"
"(https://github.com/CoinEZ) and [@momotaro1105](https://github.com/"
"momotaro1105)."
msgstr ""
"[japonais](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/ja/) par [@CoinEZ-JPN]"
"(https://github.com/CoinEZ) et [@momotaro1105](https://github.com/"
"momotaro1105)."

#: src/running-the-course/translations.md
msgid ""
"[Italian](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/it/) by "
"[@henrythebuilder](https://github.com/henrythebuilder) and [@detro](https://"
"github.com/detro)."
msgstr ""
"[italien](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/it/) par "
"[@henrythebuilder](https://github.com/henrythebuilder) et [@detro](https://"
"github.com/detro)."

#: src/running-the-course/translations.md
msgid ""
"If you want to help with this effort, please see [our instructions](https://"
"github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/blob/main/TRANSLATIONS.md) for how to "
"get going. Translations are coordinated on the [issue tracker](https://"
"github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/issues/282)."
msgstr ""
"Si vous souhaitez contribuer à cet effort, veuillez consulter [nos "
"instructions - en anglais](https://github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/blob/"
"main/TRANSLATIONS.md) pour savoir comment se lancer. Les traductions sont "
"coordonnées sur le [suivi de bogues - en anglais](https://github.com/google/"
"comprehensive-rust/issues/282)."

#: src/cargo.md
msgid ""
"When you start reading about Rust, you will soon meet [Cargo](https://doc."
"rust-lang.org/cargo/), the standard tool used in the Rust ecosystem to build "
"and run Rust applications. Here we want to give a brief overview of what "
"Cargo is and how it fits into the wider ecosystem and how it fits into this "
"training."
msgstr ""
"Lorsque vous commencerez à vous documenter sur Rust, vous rencontrerez "
"rapidement [Cargo](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/), l'outil standard "
"utilisé dans l'écosystème Rust pour créer et exécuter des applications Rust. "
"Dans cette section, nous voulons donner un bref aperçu de ce qu'est Cargo, "
"comment il s'intègre dans le large écosystème de Rust et comment il "
"s'inscrit dans cette formation."

#: src/cargo.md
msgid "Installation"
msgstr "Installation"

#: src/cargo.md
msgid "**Please follow the instructions on <https://rustup.rs/>.**"
msgstr ""
"**Veuillez suivre les instructions sur <https://rustup.rs/>** (en anglais)."

#: src/cargo.md
msgid ""
"This will give you the Cargo build tool (`cargo`) and the Rust compiler "
"(`rustc`). You will also get `rustup`, a command line utility that you can "
"use to install to different compiler versions."
msgstr ""
"Une fois que vous aurez suivi ces instructions, vous disposerez du "
"gestionnaire de dépendances et système de compilation `cargo` et du "
"compilateur `rustc`. `rustup` sera également installé : il s'agit d'un "
"utilitaire en ligne de commande que vous pourrez utiliser pour installer "
"différentes versions du compilateur."

#: src/cargo.md
msgid ""
"After installing Rust, you should configure your editor or IDE to work with "
"Rust. Most editors do this by talking to [rust-analyzer](https://rust-"
"analyzer.github.io/), which provides auto-completion and jump-to-definition "
"functionality for [VS Code](https://code.visualstudio.com/), [Emacs](https://"
"rust-analyzer.github.io/manual.html#emacs), [Vim/Neovim](https://rust-"
"analyzer.github.io/manual.html#vimneovim), and many others. There is also a "
"different IDE available called [RustRover](https://www.jetbrains.com/rust/)."
msgstr ""
"Après avoir installé Rust, il vous faudra configurer votre éditeur de texte "
"ou votre IDE (environnement de développement) pour travailler avec Rust. La "
"plupart des éditeurs reposent, pour ce faire, sur le [rust-analyzer](https://"
"rust-analyzer.github.io/), un outil qui fournit les fonctionnalités de "
"complétion automatique et de lien vers les définitions des symboles, "
"notamment pour [VS Code](https://code.visualstudio.com/), [Emacs](https://"
"rust-analyzer.github.io/manual.html#emacs), [Vim/Neovim](https://rust-"
"analyzer.github.io/manual.html#vimneovim), et bien d'autres. Il existe "
"également un IDE appelé [RustRover](https://www.jetbrains.com/rust/)."

#: src/cargo.md
msgid ""
"On Debian/Ubuntu, you can also install Cargo, the Rust source and the [Rust "
"formatter](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustfmt) via `apt`. However, this "
"gets you an outdated rust version and may lead to unexpected behavior. The "
"command would be:"
msgstr ""
"Sur Debian/Ubuntu, vous pouvez installer Cargo, les sources Rust (`rust-"
"src`: compilateur et bibliothèques standards) et l'outil de [formatage Rust]"
"(https://github.com/rust-lang/rustfmt) via `apt`. Veuillez noter toutefois "
"que l'installation via `apt` ne vous procurera pas la dernière version de "
"Rust, ce qui pourrait conduire à des problèmes de comportement indéterminé "
"(undefined behavior). La ligne de commande à utiliser serait :"

#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
msgid "The Rust Ecosystem"
msgstr "L'écosystème de Rust"

#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
msgid ""
"The Rust ecosystem consists of a number of tools, of which the main ones are:"
msgstr ""
"L'écosystème de Rust est composé d'un certain nombre d'outils, dont les "
"principaux sont :"

#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
msgid ""
"`rustc`: the Rust compiler which turns `.rs` files into binaries and other "
"intermediate formats."
msgstr ""
"`rustc` : le compilateur Rust qui transforme les fichiers `.rs` en binaires "
"et autres formats intermédiaires."

#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
msgid ""
"`cargo`: the Rust dependency manager and build tool. Cargo knows how to "
"download dependencies, usually hosted on <https://crates.io>, and it will "
"pass them to `rustc` when building your project. Cargo also comes with a "
"built-in test runner which is used to execute unit tests."
msgstr ""
"`cargo` : le gestionnaire de dépendances Rust et l'outil de compilation. "
"Cargo peut télécharger les dépendances, en général hébergées sur <https://"
"crates.io>, et les rendre disponibles pour `rustc` lors de la compilation de "
"votre projet. Cargo intègre également un outil pour exécuter des tests "
"unitaires."

#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
msgid ""
"`rustup`: the Rust toolchain installer and updater. This tool is used to "
"install and update `rustc` and `cargo` when new versions of Rust are "
"released. In addition, `rustup` can also download documentation for the "
"standard library. You can have multiple versions of Rust installed at once "
"and `rustup` will let you switch between them as needed."
msgstr ""
"`rustup` : le programme d'installation et de mise à jour de la chaîne "
"d'outils Rust. Cet outil sert à installer et mettre à jour `rustc` et "
"`cargo` lorsque de nouvelles versions de Rust sont publiées. De plus, "
"`rustup` peut également télécharger la documentation de la bibliothèque "
"standard. Vous pouvez avoir plusieurs versions de Rust installées à la fois "
"et `rustup` vous permettra de basculer entre elles au besoin."

#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md src/types-and-values/hello-world.md
#: src/references/exclusive.md src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
#: src/memory-management/move.md src/error-handling/try.md src/android/setup.md
#: src/async/async-await.md
msgid "Key points:"
msgstr "Points clés:"

#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
msgid ""
"Rust has a rapid release schedule with a new release coming out every six "
"weeks. New releases maintain backwards compatibility with old releases --- "
"plus they enable new functionality."
msgstr ""
"Rust a un calendrier de publication rapide : une nouvelle version est "
"disponible toutes les six semaines. Les nouvelles versions maintiennent la "
"rétrocompatibilité avec les anciennes versions --- en plus, elles proposent "
"de nouvelles fonctionnalités."

#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
msgid ""
"There are three release channels: \"stable\", \"beta\", and \"nightly\"."
msgstr ""
"Il existe trois types de publication : \"stable\", \"beta\" et \"nightly\"."

#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
msgid ""
"New features are being tested on \"nightly\", \"beta\" is what becomes "
"\"stable\" every six weeks."
msgstr ""
"Les nouvelles fonctionnalités sont testées sur \"nightly\". \"beta\" est ce "
"qui devient \"stable\" toutes les six semaines."

#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
msgid ""
"Dependencies can also be resolved from alternative [registries](https://doc."
"rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/registries.html), git, folders, and more."
msgstr ""
"Les dépendances peuvent aussi être obtenues sur des [dépôts alternatifs]"
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/registries.html), via `git`, dans "
"des répertoires système, et autres."

#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
msgid ""
"Rust also has [editions](https://doc.rust-lang.org/edition-guide/): the "
"current edition is Rust 2021. Previous editions were Rust 2015 and Rust 2018."
msgstr ""
"Rust a également des [éditions](https://doc.rust-lang.org/edition-guide/) : "
"l'édition actuelle est Rust 2021. Les éditions passées étaient Rust 2015 et "
"Rust 2018."

#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
msgid ""
"The editions are allowed to make backwards incompatible changes to the "
"language."
msgstr ""
"Les éditions sont autorisées à apporter des modifications **non** "
"rétrocompatibles au langage."

#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
msgid ""
"To prevent breaking code, editions are opt-in: you select the edition for "
"your crate via the `Cargo.toml` file."
msgstr ""
"Pour éviter de casser vos dépendances et empêcher la compilation de votre "
"projet, les éditions sont laissées au choix : vous sélectionnez l'édition "
"pour chaque crate via le fichier `Cargo.toml`."

#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
msgid ""
"To avoid splitting the ecosystem, Rust compilers can mix code written for "
"different editions."
msgstr ""
"Pour éviter de diviser l'écosystème, les compilateurs Rust peuvent mélanger "
"du code écrit pour différentes éditions."

#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
msgid ""
"Mention that it is quite rare to ever use the compiler directly not through "
"`cargo` (most users never do)."
msgstr ""
"Veuillez noter qu'il est assez rare d'utiliser le compilateur directement et "
"non via `cargo` (la plupart des utilisateurs ne le font jamais)."

#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
msgid ""
"It might be worth alluding that Cargo itself is an extremely powerful and "
"comprehensive tool. It is capable of many advanced features including but "
"not limited to:"
msgstr ""
"Il peut être utile de mentionner que Cargo est un outil extrêmement puissant "
"et complet. Il est capable de nombreuses fonctionnalités avancées, y "
"compris, mais sans s'y limiter :"

#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
msgid "Project/package structure"
msgstr "Structure du projet/paquets"

#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
msgid "[workspaces](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/workspaces.html)"
msgstr ""
"[Espaces de travail](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/workspaces."
"html)"

#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
msgid "Dev Dependencies and Runtime Dependency management/caching"
msgstr ""
"Gestion/mise en cache des dépendances de développement et des dépendances "
"d'exécution"

#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
msgid ""
"[build scripting](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/build-scripts."
"html)"
msgstr ""
"[Créer des scripts](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/build-scripts."
"html)"

#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
msgid ""
"[global installation](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/commands/cargo-install."
"html)"
msgstr ""
"[Installation globale](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/commands/cargo-"
"install.html)"

#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
msgid ""
"It is also extensible with sub command plugins as well (such as [cargo "
"clippy](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-clippy))."
msgstr ""
"Il est également extensible avec des plugins de sous-commande (tels que "
"[cargo clippy](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-clippy))."

#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
msgid ""
"Read more from the [official Cargo Book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/)"
msgstr ""
"Pour en savoir plus, vous pouvez lire le [livre officiel de Cargo - en "
"anglais](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/)"

#: src/cargo/code-samples.md
msgid "Code Samples in This Training"
msgstr "Échantillons de code dans cette formation"

#: src/cargo/code-samples.md
msgid ""
"For this training, we will mostly explore the Rust language through examples "
"which can be executed through your browser. This makes the setup much easier "
"and ensures a consistent experience for everyone."
msgstr ""
"Pour cette formation, nous allons surtout explorer le langage Rust à travers "
"des exemples qui peuvent être exécuté via votre navigateur. Cela rend la "
"configuration beaucoup plus facile et assure une expérience cohérente pour "
"chacun."

#: src/cargo/code-samples.md
msgid ""
"Installing Cargo is still encouraged: it will make it easier for you to do "
"the exercises. On the last day, we will do a larger exercise which shows you "
"how to work with dependencies and for that you need Cargo."
msgstr ""
"L'installation de Cargo est tout de même encouragée : elle vous facilitera "
"la tâche pour les exercices. Le dernier jour, nous ferons un exercice plus "
"conséquent qui vous montrera comment travailler avec des dépendances et, "
"pour cela, vous avez besoin de Cargo."

#: src/cargo/code-samples.md
msgid "The code blocks in this course are fully interactive:"
msgstr "Les blocs de code de ce cours sont entièrement interactifs :"

#: src/cargo/code-samples.md src/cargo/running-locally.md
msgid "\"Edit me!\""
msgstr ""

#: src/cargo/code-samples.md
msgid "You can use "
msgstr "Vous pouvez utiliser "

#: src/cargo/code-samples.md
msgid " to execute the code when focus is in the text box."
msgstr " pour exécuter le code lorsque le focus est dans la zone de texte."

#: src/cargo/code-samples.md
msgid ""
"Most code samples are editable like shown above. A few code samples are not "
"editable for various reasons:"
msgstr ""
"La plupart des exemples de code sont modifiables comme indiqué ci-dessus. "
"Quelques exemples de code ne sont pas modifiables pour diverses raisons :"

#: src/cargo/code-samples.md
msgid ""
"The embedded playgrounds cannot execute unit tests. Copy-paste the code and "
"open it in the real Playground to demonstrate unit tests."
msgstr ""
"Les environnements d'exécution intégrés ne peuvent pas exécuter de tests "
"unitaires. Copiez-collez le code et ouvrez-le dans l'environnement "
"d'exécution complet pour valider les tests unitaires."

#: src/cargo/code-samples.md
msgid ""
"The embedded playgrounds lose their state the moment you navigate away from "
"the page! This is the reason that the students should solve the exercises "
"using a local Rust installation or via the Playground."
msgstr ""
"Les environnements d'exécution intégrés sont réinitialisés dès que vous "
"quittez la page! C'est la raison pour laquelle les élèves doivent résoudre "
"les exercices en utilisant une installation Rust locale ou via "
"l'environnement d'exécution complet."

#: src/cargo/running-locally.md
msgid "Running Code Locally with Cargo"
msgstr "Exécuter du code localement avec Cargo"

#: src/cargo/running-locally.md
msgid ""
"If you want to experiment with the code on your own system, then you will "
"need to first install Rust. Do this by following the [instructions in the "
"Rust Book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch01-01-installation.html). This "
"should give you a working `rustc` and `cargo`. At the time of writing, the "
"latest stable Rust release has these version numbers:"
msgstr ""
"Si vous souhaitez expérimenter le code sur votre propre système, il vous "
"faudra d'abord installer Rust. Pour ce faire, suivez les [instructions dans "
"le livre Rust - en anglais](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch01-01-"
"installation.html). Vous disposerez alors de `rustc` et `cargo`. Au moment "
"de l'écriture, la dernière version stable de Rust a ces numéros de version :"

#: src/cargo/running-locally.md
msgid ""
"You can use any later version too since Rust maintains backwards "
"compatibility."
msgstr ""
"N'importe quelle version plus récente peut également être utilisée, étant "
"donné que les versions de Rust sont rétrocompatibles."

#: src/cargo/running-locally.md
msgid ""
"With this in place, follow these steps to build a Rust binary from one of "
"the examples in this training:"
msgstr ""
"Suivez ensuite ces étapes pour créer un binaire Rust à partir d'un des "
"exemples dans cette formation :"

#: src/cargo/running-locally.md
msgid "Click the \"Copy to clipboard\" button on the example you want to copy."
msgstr ""
"Cliquez sur le bouton \"Copy to clipboard\" sur l'exemple que vous souhaitez "
"copier."

#: src/cargo/running-locally.md
msgid ""
"Use `cargo new exercise` to create a new `exercise/` directory for your code:"
msgstr ""
"Exécutez `cargo new exercise` pour créer un nouveau répertoire `exercise/` "
"pour héberger votre code :"

#: src/cargo/running-locally.md
msgid ""
"Navigate into `exercise/` and use `cargo run` to build and run your binary:"
msgstr ""
"Rendez vous dans le répertoire `exercise/` et exécutez `cargo run` pour "
"compiler et exécuter votre binaire :"

#: src/cargo/running-locally.md
msgid ""
"Replace the boiler-plate code in `src/main.rs` with your own code. For "
"example, using the example on the previous page, make `src/main.rs` look like"
msgstr ""
"Remplacez le code standard sous `src/main.rs` par votre propre code. Par "
"exemple, en suivant l'exemple de la page précédente, modifiez `src/main.rs` "
"comme ceci :"

#: src/cargo/running-locally.md
msgid "Use `cargo run` to build and run your updated binary:"
msgstr ""
"Exécutez `cargo run` pour compiler et exécuter votre binaire mis à jour :"

#: src/cargo/running-locally.md
msgid ""
"Use `cargo check` to quickly check your project for errors, use `cargo "
"build` to compile it without running it. You will find the output in `target/"
"debug/` for a normal debug build. Use `cargo build --release` to produce an "
"optimized release build in `target/release/`."
msgstr ""
"Exécutez `cargo check` afin de rapidement déterminer si votre projet "
"contient des erreurs. Exécutez `cargo build` pour le compiler sans "
"l'exécuter. Pour une compilation normale en mode debug, le résultat se "
"trouvera dans le répertoire `target/debug/`. Enfin, vous pouvez exécuter "
"`cargo build --release` pour générer un binaire optimisé qui se trouvera "
"dans le répertoire `target/release/`."

#: src/cargo/running-locally.md
msgid ""
"You can add dependencies for your project by editing `Cargo.toml`. When you "
"run `cargo` commands, it will automatically download and compile missing "
"dependencies for you."
msgstr ""
"Vous pouvez déclarer des dépendances pour votre projet dans le fichier "
"`Cargo.toml`. Quand vous lancez des commandes `cargo`, Cargo se charge de "
"télécharger et compiler les dépendances manquantes."

#: src/cargo/running-locally.md
msgid ""
"Try to encourage the class participants to install Cargo and use a local "
"editor. It will make their life easier since they will have a normal "
"development environment."
msgstr ""
"Essayez d'encourager les participants à installer Cargo et à utiliser un "
"éditeur local. Cela leur facilitera la vie puisqu'ils auront un "
"environnement de développement normal."

#: src/welcome-day-1.md
msgid "Welcome to Day 1"
msgstr "Bienvenue au jour 1"

#: src/welcome-day-1.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"This is the first day of Rust Fundamentals. We will cover a lot of ground "
"today:"
msgstr ""
"C'est le premier jour de Comprehensive Rust(le guide complet de Rust). Nous "
"couvrirons beaucoup de terrain aujourd'hui:"

#: src/welcome-day-1.md
msgid ""
"Basic Rust syntax: variables, scalar and compound types, enums, structs, "
"references, functions, and methods."
msgstr ""
"Syntaxe de base de Rust : variables, types scalaires et composés, "
"énumérations, structures, références, fonctions et méthodes."

#: src/welcome-day-1.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Types and type inference."
msgstr "Inférence de type"

#: src/welcome-day-1.md
msgid "Control flow constructs: loops, conditionals, and so on."
msgstr ""

#: src/welcome-day-1.md
msgid "User-defined types: structs and enums."
msgstr ""

#: src/welcome-day-1.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Pattern matching: destructuring enums, structs, and arrays."
msgstr ""
"Filtrage par motif : déstructuration des énumérations, des structures et des "
"tableaux."

#: src/welcome-day-1.md src/welcome-day-2.md src/welcome-day-3.md
#: src/welcome-day-4.md
msgid "Schedule"
msgstr ""

#: src/welcome-day-1.md src/welcome-day-1-afternoon.md src/welcome-day-2.md
#: src/welcome-day-2-afternoon.md src/welcome-day-3.md
#: src/welcome-day-3-afternoon.md src/welcome-day-4.md
#: src/welcome-day-4-afternoon.md
msgid "{{%session outline}}"
msgstr ""

#: src/welcome-day-1.md
msgid "Please remind the students that:"
msgstr "Veuillez rappeler aux élèves que :"

#: src/welcome-day-1.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"They should ask questions when they get them, don't save them to the end."
msgstr ""
"Ils doivent poser des questions lorsqu'ils les reçoivent, ne les enregistrez "
"pas jusqu'à la fin."

#: src/welcome-day-1.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The class is meant to be interactive and discussions are very much "
"encouraged!"
msgstr ""
"Le cours se veut interactif et les discussions sont vivement encouragées !"

#: src/welcome-day-1.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"As an instructor, you should try to keep the discussions relevant, i.e., "
"keep the discussions related to how Rust does things vs some other language. "
"It can be hard to find the right balance, but err on the side of allowing "
"discussions since they engage people much more than one-way communication."
msgstr ""
"En tant qu'instructeur, vous devez essayer de garder les discussions "
"pertinentes, c'est-à-dire, garder le lien avec la façon dont Rust fait les "
"choses par rapport à un autre langage. Ça peut être difficile de trouver le "
"bon équilibre, mais privilégiez les discussions car elles engagent les gens "
"bien plus que la communication à sens unique."

#: src/welcome-day-1.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The questions will likely mean that we talk about things ahead of the slides."
msgstr ""
"Les questions signifieront probablement que nous parlons de choses avant les "
"diapositives."

#: src/welcome-day-1.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"This is perfectly okay! Repetition is an important part of learning. "
"Remember that the slides are just a support and you are free to skip them as "
"you like."
msgstr ""
"C'est tout à fait correct! La répétition est une partie importante de "
"l'apprentissage. N'oubliez pas que les diapositives ne sont qu'un support et "
"que vous êtes libre de les sauter si vous le souhaitez."

#: src/welcome-day-1.md
msgid ""
"The idea for the first day is to show the \"basic\" things in Rust that "
"should have immediate parallels in other languages. The more advanced parts "
"of Rust come on the subsequent days."
msgstr ""

#: src/welcome-day-1.md
msgid ""
"If you're teaching this in a classroom, this is a good place to go over the "
"schedule. Note that there is an exercise at the end of each segment, "
"followed by a break. Plan to cover the exercise solution after the break. "
"The times listed here are a suggestion in order to keep the course on "
"schedule. Feel free to be flexible and adjust as necessary!"
msgstr ""

#: src/hello-world.md src/types-and-values.md src/control-flow-basics.md
#: src/tuples-and-arrays.md src/references.md src/user-defined-types.md
#: src/pattern-matching.md src/methods-and-traits.md src/generics.md
#: src/std-types.md src/std-traits.md src/memory-management.md
#: src/smart-pointers.md src/borrowing.md src/lifetimes.md src/iterators.md
#: src/modules.md src/testing.md src/error-handling.md src/unsafe-rust.md
msgid "{{%segment outline}}"
msgstr ""

#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
msgid ""
"Rust is a new programming language which had its [1.0 release in 2015]"
"(https://blog.rust-lang.org/2015/05/15/Rust-1.0.html):"
msgstr ""
"Rust est un nouveau langage de programmation qui a eu sa [version 1.0 en "
"2015](https://blog.rust-lang.org/2015/05/15/Rust-1.0.html) :"

#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Rust is a statically compiled language in a similar role as C++"
msgstr "Rust est un langage compilé statiquement dans un rôle similaire à C++"

#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`rustc` uses LLVM as its backend."
msgstr "`rustc` utilise LLVM comme backend."

#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Rust supports many [platforms and architectures](https://doc.rust-lang.org/"
"nightly/rustc/platform-support.html):"
msgstr ""
"Rust prend en charge de nombreuses [plates-formes et architectures](https://"
"doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/rustc/platform-support.html):"

#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "x86, ARM, WebAssembly, ..."
msgstr "x86, ARM, WebAssembly, ... \\*Linux, Mac, Windows, ..."

#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Linux, Mac, Windows, ..."
msgstr "Rust est utilisé pour une large gamme d'appareils :"

#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Rust is used for a wide range of devices:"
msgstr "firmware et chargeurs de démarrage,"

#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "firmware and boot loaders,"
msgstr "écrans intelligents,"

#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "smart displays,"
msgstr "téléphones portables,"

#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "mobile phones,"
msgstr "ordinateurs de bureau,"

#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "desktops,"
msgstr "serveurs."

#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
msgid "servers."
msgstr ""

#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
msgid "Rust fits in the same area as C++:"
msgstr "Rust s'inscrit dans le même domaine que C++ :"

#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
msgid "High flexibility."
msgstr "Grande flexibilité."

#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
msgid "High level of control."
msgstr "Haut niveau de contrôle."

#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Can be scaled down to very constrained devices such as microcontrollers."
msgstr ""
"Peut être réduit à des appareils très limités comme les téléphones mobiles."

#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
msgid "Has no runtime or garbage collection."
msgstr "N'a pas de temps d'exécution ou de récupération d'ordures."

#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
msgid "Focuses on reliability and safety without sacrificing performance."
msgstr ""
"Se concentre sur la fiabilité et la sécurité sans sacrifier les performances."

#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
msgid "Some unique selling points of Rust:"
msgstr "Quelques arguments de vente uniques à Rust :"

#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
msgid ""
"_Compile time memory safety_ - whole classes of memory bugs are prevented at "
"compile time"
msgstr ""

#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
msgid "No uninitialized variables."
msgstr "Aucune variable non initialisée."

#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
msgid "No double-frees."
msgstr "Pas de double libération de mémoire."

#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
msgid "No use-after-free."
msgstr "Aucune utilisation après la libération."

#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
msgid "No `NULL` pointers."
msgstr "Pas de pointeurs `NULL`."

#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
msgid "No forgotten locked mutexes."
msgstr "Pas de mutex verrouillés oubliés."

#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
msgid "No data races between threads."
msgstr "Pas de courses de données entre les threads."

#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
msgid "No iterator invalidation."
msgstr "Aucune invalidation d'itérateur."

#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
msgid ""
"_No undefined runtime behavior_ - what a Rust statement does is never left "
"unspecified"
msgstr ""

#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Array access is bounds checked."
msgstr "L'accès au tableau est vérifié dans les limites."

#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Integer overflow is defined (panic or wrap-around)."
msgstr "Le débordement d'entier est défini."

#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
msgid ""
"_Modern language features_ - as expressive and ergonomic as higher-level "
"languages"
msgstr ""

#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Enums and pattern matching."
msgstr "Énumérations et filtrage par motif."

#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Generics."
msgstr "Génériques."

#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "No overhead FFI."
msgstr "Pas de frais généraux FFI."

#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Zero-cost abstractions."
msgstr "Abstractions à coût zéro."

#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Great compiler errors."
msgstr "Grandes erreurs de compilation."

#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Built-in dependency manager."
msgstr "Gestionnaire de dépendances intégré."

#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Built-in support for testing."
msgstr "Support intégré pour les tests."

#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Excellent Language Server Protocol support."
msgstr "Excellente prise en charge du protocole de serveur de langue."

#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
msgid ""
"Do not spend much time here. All of these points will be covered in more "
"depth later."
msgstr ""

#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
msgid ""
"Make sure to ask the class which languages they have experience with. "
"Depending on the answer you can highlight different features of Rust:"
msgstr ""
"Assurez-vous de demander à la classe dans quels langages ils ont de "
"l'expérience. Selon la réponse, vous pouvez mettre en évidence différentes "
"fonctionnalités de Rust :"

#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
msgid ""
"Experience with C or C++: Rust eliminates a whole class of _runtime errors_ "
"via the borrow checker. You get performance like in C and C++, but you don't "
"have the memory unsafety issues. In addition, you get a modern language with "
"constructs like pattern matching and built-in dependency management."
msgstr ""
"Expérience avec C ou C++ : Rust élimine toute une classe d'_erreurs "
"d'exécution_ via le vérificateur d'emprunt. On obtient des performances "
"comme en C et C++, mais sans problèmes d'insécurité de la mémoire. De plus, "
"Rust est un langage moderne avec des constructions telles que le filtrage "
"par motif et la gestion intégrée des dépendances."

#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
msgid ""
"Experience with Java, Go, Python, JavaScript...: You get the same memory "
"safety as in those languages, plus a similar high-level language feeling. In "
"addition you get fast and predictable performance like C and C++ (no garbage "
"collector) as well as access to low-level hardware (should you need it)"
msgstr ""
"Expérience avec Java, Go, Python, JavaScript... : On bénéficie de la même "
"sécurité mémoire que dans ces langages, plus un sentiment de langage de haut "
"niveau similaire. En outre on obtient des performances rapides et "
"prévisibles comme C et C++ (pas de ramassage d'ordures) ainsi que l'accès au "
"matériel de bas niveau (si l'on en a besoin)."

#: src/hello-world/playground.md
msgid ""
"The [Rust Playground](https://play.rust-lang.org/) provides an easy way to "
"run short Rust programs, and is the basis for the examples and exercises in "
"this course. Try running the \"hello-world\" program it starts with. It "
"comes with a few handy features:"
msgstr ""

#: src/hello-world/playground.md
msgid ""
"Under \"Tools\", use the `rustfmt` option to format your code in the "
"\"standard\" way."
msgstr ""

#: src/hello-world/playground.md
msgid ""
"Rust has two main \"profiles\" for generating code: Debug (extra runtime "
"checks, less optimization) and Release (fewer runtime checks, lots of "
"optimization). These are accessible under \"Debug\" at the top."
msgstr ""

#: src/hello-world/playground.md
msgid ""
"If you're interested, use \"ASM\" under \"...\" to see the generated "
"assembly code."
msgstr ""

#: src/hello-world/playground.md
msgid ""
"As students head into the break, encourage them to open up the playground "
"and experiment a little. Encourage them to keep the tab open and try things "
"out during the rest of the course. This is particularly helpful for advanced "
"students who want to know more about Rust's optimizations or generated "
"assembly."
msgstr ""

#: src/types-and-values/hello-world.md
msgid ""
"Let us jump into the simplest possible Rust program, a classic Hello World "
"program:"
msgstr ""
"Passons au programme Rust le plus simple possible, un Bonjour Monde "
"classique programme:"

#: src/types-and-values/hello-world.md
msgid "\"Hello 🌍!\""
msgstr ""

#: src/types-and-values/hello-world.md
msgid "What you see:"
msgstr "Ce que tu vois:"

#: src/types-and-values/hello-world.md
msgid "Functions are introduced with `fn`."
msgstr "Les fonctions sont introduites avec `fn`."

#: src/types-and-values/hello-world.md
msgid "Blocks are delimited by curly braces like in C and C++."
msgstr "Les blocs sont délimités par des accolades comme en C et C++."

#: src/types-and-values/hello-world.md
msgid "The `main` function is the entry point of the program."
msgstr "La fonction `main` est le point d'entrée du programme."

#: src/types-and-values/hello-world.md
msgid "Rust has hygienic macros, `println!` is an example of this."
msgstr "Rust a des macros hygiéniques, `println!` en est un exemple."

#: src/types-and-values/hello-world.md
msgid "Rust strings are UTF-8 encoded and can contain any Unicode character."
msgstr ""
"Les strings Rust sont encodées en UTF-8 et peuvent contenir n'importe quel "
"caractère Unicode."

#: src/types-and-values/hello-world.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"This slide tries to make the students comfortable with Rust code. They will "
"see a ton of it over the next four days so we start small with something "
"familiar."
msgstr ""
"Cette diapositive tente de mettre les étudiants à l'aise avec le code Rust. "
"Ils en verront une tonne durant les quatre prochains jours, alors nous "
"commençons petit avec quelque chose de familier."

#: src/types-and-values/hello-world.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Rust is very much like other languages in the C/C++/Java tradition. It is "
"imperative and it doesn't try to reinvent things unless absolutely necessary."
msgstr ""
"Rust ressemble beaucoup aux autres langages traditionnels C/C++/Java. C'est "
"impératif (non fonctionnel) et il n'essaie pas de réinventer les choses à "
"moins qu'absolument nécessaire."

#: src/types-and-values/hello-world.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Rust is modern with full support for things like Unicode."
msgstr ""
"Rust est moderne avec un support complet pour des choses comme Unicode."

#: src/types-and-values/hello-world.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Rust uses macros for situations where you want to have a variable number of "
"arguments (no function [overloading](../control-flow-basics/functions.md))."
msgstr ""
"Rust utilise des macros pour les situations où vous souhaitez avoir un "
"nombre variable d'arguments (pas de fonction [surchargées](basic-syntax/"
"functions-interlude.md))."

#: src/types-and-values/hello-world.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Macros being 'hygienic' means they don't accidentally capture identifiers "
"from the scope they are used in. Rust macros are actually only [partially "
"hygienic](https://veykril.github.io/tlborm/decl-macros/minutiae/hygiene."
"html)."
msgstr ""
"Les macros étant \"hygiéniques\", elles ne capturent pas accidentellement "
"les identifiants de la portée dans laquelle elles sont utilisées. Les macros "
"Rust ne sont en fait que [partiellement hygiénique](https://veykril.github."
"io/tlborm/decl-macros/minutiae/hygiene.html)."

#: src/types-and-values/hello-world.md
msgid ""
"Rust is multi-paradigm. For example, it has powerful [object-oriented "
"programming features](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch17-00-oop.html), and, "
"while it is not a functional language, it includes a range of [functional "
"concepts](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch13-00-functional-features.html)."
msgstr ""

#: src/types-and-values/variables.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Rust provides type safety via static typing. Variable bindings are made with "
"`let`:"
msgstr ""
"Rust fournit une sécurité de type via le typage statique. Les liaisons "
"variables sont immuables par défaut:"

#: src/types-and-values/variables.md src/control-flow-basics/loops/for.md
#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md
msgid "\"x: {x}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/types-and-values/variables.md
msgid ""
"// x = 20;\n"
"    // println!(\"x: {x}\");\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/types-and-values/variables.md
msgid ""
"Uncomment the `x = 20` to demonstrate that variables are immutable by "
"default. Add the `mut` keyword to allow changes."
msgstr ""

#: src/types-and-values/variables.md
msgid ""
"The `i32` here is the type of the variable. This must be known at compile "
"time, but type inference (covered later) allows the programmer to omit it in "
"many cases."
msgstr ""

#: src/types-and-values/values.md
msgid ""
"Here are some basic built-in types, and the syntax for literal values of "
"each type."
msgstr ""

#: src/types-and-values/values.md src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Types"
msgstr "Types"

#: src/types-and-values/values.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Literals"
msgstr "Littéraux"

#: src/types-and-values/values.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Signed integers"
msgstr "Entiers signés"

#: src/types-and-values/values.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`i8`, `i16`, `i32`, `i64`, `i128`, `isize`"
msgstr "`i8`, `i16`, `i32`, `i64`, `i128`, `isize`"

#: src/types-and-values/values.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`-10`, `0`, `1_000`, `123_i64`"
msgstr "`-10`, `0`, `1_000`, `123i64`"

#: src/types-and-values/values.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Unsigned integers"
msgstr "Entiers non signés"

#: src/types-and-values/values.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`u8`, `u16`, `u32`, `u64`, `u128`, `usize`"
msgstr "`u8`, `u16`, `u32`, `u64`, `u128`, `usize`"

#: src/types-and-values/values.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`0`, `123`, `10_u16`"
msgstr "`0`, `123`, `10u16`"

#: src/types-and-values/values.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Floating point numbers"
msgstr "Nombres à virgule flottante"

#: src/types-and-values/values.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`f32`, `f64`"
msgstr "`f32`, `f64`"

#: src/types-and-values/values.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`3.14`, `-10.0e20`, `2_f32`"
msgstr "`3.14`, `-10.0e20`, `2f32`"

#: src/types-and-values/values.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Unicode scalar values"
msgstr "Valeurs scalaires Unicode"

#: src/types-and-values/values.md src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`char`"
msgstr "`car`"

#: src/types-and-values/values.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`'a'`, `'α'`, `'∞'`"
msgstr "`'a'`, `'α'`, `'∞'`"

#: src/types-and-values/values.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Booleans"
msgstr "Chaînes d'octets"

#: src/types-and-values/values.md src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`bool`"
msgstr "`&[u8]`"

#: src/types-and-values/values.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`true`, `false`"
msgstr ""
"`b\"abc\"`, `br#\" \" \"#`\n"
"\n"
"Booléens\n"
"\n"
"`bool`\n"
"\n"
"'vrai', 'faux'"

#: src/types-and-values/values.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "The types have widths as follows:"
msgstr "Les types ont des largeurs comme suit :"

#: src/types-and-values/values.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`iN`, `uN`, and `fN` are _N_ bits wide,"
msgstr "`iN`, `uN` et `fN` ont une largeur de _N_ bits,"

#: src/types-and-values/values.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`isize` and `usize` are the width of a pointer,"
msgstr "`isize` et `usize` sont la largeur d'un pointeur,"

#: src/types-and-values/values.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`char` is 32 bits wide,"
msgstr "`char` a une largeur de 32 bits,"

#: src/types-and-values/values.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`bool` is 8 bits wide."
msgstr "`bool` a une largeur de 8 bits."

#: src/types-and-values/values.md
msgid "There are a few syntaxes which are not shown above:"
msgstr ""

#: src/types-and-values/values.md
msgid ""
"All underscores in numbers can be left out, they are for legibility only. So "
"`1_000` can be written as `1000` (or `10_00`), and `123_i64` can be written "
"as `123i64`."
msgstr ""

#: src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md
msgid "\"result: {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md
msgid ""
"This is the first time we've seen a function other than `main`, but the "
"meaning should be clear: it takes three integers, and returns an integer. "
"Functions will be covered in more detail later."
msgstr ""

#: src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md
msgid "Arithmetic is very similar to other languages, with similar precedence."
msgstr ""

#: src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md
msgid ""
"What about integer overflow? In C and C++ overflow of _signed_ integers is "
"actually undefined, and might do different things on different platforms or "
"compilers. In Rust, it's defined."
msgstr ""

#: src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md
msgid ""
"Change the `i32`'s to `i16` to see an integer overflow, which panics "
"(checked) in a debug build and wraps in a release build. There are other "
"options, such as overflowing, saturating, and carrying. These are accessed "
"with method syntax, e.g., `(a * b).saturating_add(b * c).saturating_add(c * "
"a)`."
msgstr ""

#: src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md
msgid ""
"In fact, the compiler will detect overflow of constant expressions, which is "
"why the example requires a separate function."
msgstr ""

#: src/types-and-values/inference.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Rust will look at how the variable is _used_ to determine the type:"
msgstr ""
"Rust examinera comment la variable est _utilisée_ pour déterminer le type :"

#: src/types-and-values/inference.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"This slide demonstrates how the Rust compiler infers types based on "
"constraints given by variable declarations and usages."
msgstr ""
"Cette diapositive montre comment le compilateur Rust déduit les types en "
"fonction des contraintes données par les déclarations et les utilisations "
"des variables."

#: src/types-and-values/inference.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"It is very important to emphasize that variables declared like this are not "
"of some sort of dynamic \"any type\" that can hold any data. The machine "
"code generated by such declaration is identical to the explicit declaration "
"of a type. The compiler does the job for us and helps us write more concise "
"code."
msgstr ""
"Il est très important de souligner que les variables déclarées de cette "
"manière ne sont pas d'une sorte de \"tout type\" dynamique qui peut détenir "
"des données. Le code machine généré par une telle déclaration est identique "
"à la déclaration explicite d'un type. Le compilateur fait le travail pour "
"nous et nous aide à écrire un code plus concis."

#: src/types-and-values/inference.md
msgid ""
"When nothing constrains the type of an integer literal, Rust defaults to "
"`i32`. This sometimes appears as `{integer}` in error messages. Similarly, "
"floating-point literals default to `f64`."
msgstr ""

#: src/types-and-values/inference.md
msgid "// ERROR: no implementation for `{float} == {integer}`\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/types-and-values/exercise.md
msgid ""
"The first and second Fibonacci numbers are both `1`. For n>2, the n'th "
"Fibonacci number is calculated recursively as the sum of the n-1'th and "
"n-2'th Fibonacci numbers."
msgstr ""

#: src/types-and-values/exercise.md
msgid ""
"Write a function `fib(n)` that calculates the n'th Fibonacci number. When "
"will this function panic?"
msgstr ""

#: src/types-and-values/exercise.md
msgid "// The base case.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/types-and-values/exercise.md src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "\"Implement this\""
msgstr "Mise en œuvre"

#: src/types-and-values/exercise.md
msgid "// The recursive case.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/types-and-values/exercise.md src/types-and-values/solution.md
msgid "\"fib({n}) = {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/if.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`if` expressions"
msgstr "expressions \"si\""

#: src/control-flow-basics/if.md
msgid ""
"You use [`if` expressions](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/"
"if-expr.html#if-expressions) exactly like `if` statements in other languages:"
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/if.md
msgid "\"zero!\""
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/if.md
msgid "\"biggish\""
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/if.md
msgid "\"huge\""
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/if.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"In addition, you can use `if` as an expression. The last expression of each "
"block becomes the value of the `if` expression:"
msgstr ""
"De plus, vous pouvez l'utiliser comme expression. Cela fait la même chose "
"que ci-dessus:"

#: src/control-flow-basics/if.md
msgid "\"small\""
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/if.md
msgid "\"large\""
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/if.md
msgid "\"number size: {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/if.md
msgid ""
"Because `if` is an expression and must have a particular type, both of its "
"branch blocks must have the same type. Show what happens if you add `;` "
"after `\"small\"` in the second example."
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/if.md
msgid ""
"When `if` is used in an expression, the expression must have a `;` to "
"separate it from the next statement. Remove the `;` before `println!` to see "
"the compiler error."
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md
msgid "There are three looping keywords in Rust: `while`, `loop`, and `for`:"
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`while`"
msgstr "Expressions `while`"

#: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The [`while` keyword](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/loop-"
"expr.html#predicate-loops) works much like in other languages, executing the "
"loop body as long as the condition is true."
msgstr ""
"Comme avec `if`, il existe une variante `while let` qui teste à plusieurs "
"reprises une valeur contre un modèle :"

#: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md
msgid "\"Final x: {x}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/loops/for.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The [`for` loop](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/keyword.for.html) iterates "
"over ranges of values or the items in a collection:"
msgstr ""
"[`Drop`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Drop.html) utilisé pour "
"définir les destructeurs."

#: src/control-flow-basics/loops/for.md
msgid "\"elem: {elem}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/loops/for.md
msgid ""
"Under the hood `for` loops use a concept called \"iterators\" to handle "
"iterating over different kinds of ranges/collections. Iterators will be "
"discussed in more detail later."
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/loops/for.md
msgid ""
"Note that the `for` loop only iterates to `4`. Show the `1..=5` syntax for "
"an inclusive range."
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/loops/loop.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The [`loop` statement](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/keyword.loop.html) just "
"loops forever, until a `break`."
msgstr ""
"[`Drop`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Drop.html) utilisé pour "
"définir les destructeurs."

#: src/control-flow-basics/loops/loop.md
msgid "\"{i}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md
msgid ""
"If you want to immediately start the next iteration use [`continue`](https://"
"doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/loop-expr.html#continue-expressions)."
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md
msgid ""
"If you want to exit any kind of loop early, use [`break`](https://doc.rust-"
"lang.org/reference/expressions/loop-expr.html#break-expressions). For "
"`loop`, this can take an optional expression that becomes the value of the "
"`loop` expression."
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md src/std-traits/exercise.md
#: src/std-traits/solution.md src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md
#: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md
#: src/android/build-rules/library.md
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md
#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md
msgid "\"{}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue/labels.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Both `continue` and `break` can optionally take a label argument which is "
"used to break out of nested loops:"
msgstr ""
"Si vous voulez quitter une boucle plus tôt, utilisez `break`, si vous voulez "
"commencer immédiatement la prochaine itération utilise `continue`. "
"`continue` et `break` peuvent éventuellement prenez un argument d'étiquette "
"qui est utilisé pour sortir des boucles imbriquées :"

#: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue/labels.md
msgid "\"elements searched: {elements_searched}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue/labels.md
msgid ""
"Note that `loop` is the only looping construct which returns a non-trivial "
"value. This is because it's guaranteed to be entered at least once (unlike "
"`while` and `for` loops)."
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md
msgid "Blocks"
msgstr "Blocs"

#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"A block in Rust contains a sequence of expressions, enclosed by braces `{}`. "
"Each block has a value and a type, which are those of the last expression of "
"the block:"
msgstr ""
"Un bloc en Rust a une valeur et un type : la valeur est la dernière "
"expression du bloc:"

#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md
msgid "\"y: {y}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md
msgid ""
"If the last expression ends with `;`, then the resulting value and type is "
"`()`."
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"You can show how the value of the block changes by changing the last line in "
"the block. For instance, adding/removing a semicolon or using a `return`."
msgstr ""
"Vous pouvez montrer comment la valeur du bloc change en modifiant la "
"dernière ligne du bloc. Par exemple, ajouter/supprimer un point-virgule ou "
"utiliser un \"retour\"."

#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes/scopes.md
msgid "A variable's scope is limited to the enclosing block."
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes/scopes.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"You can shadow variables, both those from outer scopes and variables from "
"the same scope:"
msgstr ""
"Vous pouvez masquer des variables, à la fois celles des portées externes et "
"celles des même périmètre :"

#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes/scopes.md
msgid "\"before: {a}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes/scopes.md src/generics/exercise.md
#: src/generics/solution.md src/std-traits/from-and-into.md
#: src/lifetimes/solution.md
msgid "\"hello\""
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes/scopes.md
msgid "\"inner scope: {a}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes/scopes.md
msgid "\"shadowed in inner scope: {a}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes/scopes.md
msgid "\"after: {a}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes/scopes.md
msgid ""
"Show that a variable's scope is limited by adding a `b` in the inner block "
"in the last example, and then trying to access it outside that block."
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes/scopes.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Shadowing is different from mutation, because after shadowing both "
"variable's memory locations exist at the same time. Both are available under "
"the same name, depending where you use it in the code."
msgstr ""
"Définition : l'occultation est différente de la mutation, car après "
"l'occultation, les emplacements de mémoire des deux variables existent en "
"même temps. Les deux sont disponibles sous le même nom, selon l'endroit où "
"vous l'utilisez dans le code."

#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes/scopes.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "A shadowing variable can have a different type."
msgstr "Une variable d'occultation peut avoir un type différent."

#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes/scopes.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Shadowing looks obscure at first, but is convenient for holding on to values "
"after `.unwrap()`."
msgstr ""
"L'ombrage semble obscur au début, mais est pratique pour conserver les "
"valeurs après `.unwrap()`."

#: src/control-flow-basics/functions.md
msgid ""
"Declaration parameters are followed by a type (the reverse of some "
"programming languages), then a return type."
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/functions.md
msgid ""
"The last expression in a function body (or any block) becomes the return "
"value. Simply omit the `;` at the end of the expression. The `return` "
"keyword can be used for early return, but the \"bare value\" form is "
"idiomatic at the end of a function (refactor `gcd` to use a `return`)."
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/functions.md
msgid ""
"Some functions have no return value, and return the 'unit type', `()`. The "
"compiler will infer this if the `-> ()` return type is omitted."
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/functions.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Overloading is not supported -- each function has a single implementation."
msgstr "Chaque fonction a une seule implémentation :"

#: src/control-flow-basics/functions.md
msgid ""
"Always takes a fixed number of parameters. Default arguments are not "
"supported. Macros can be used to support variadic functions."
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/functions.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Always takes a single set of parameter types. These types can be generic, "
"which will be covered later."
msgstr "Prend toujours un seul ensemble de types de paramètres."

#: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md
msgid ""
"Macros are expanded into Rust code during compilation, and can take a "
"variable number of arguments. They are distinguished by a `!` at the end. "
"The Rust standard library includes an assortment of useful macros."
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`println!(format, ..)` prints a line to standard output, applying formatting "
"described in [`std::fmt`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/index.html)."
msgstr ""
"La surcharge d'opérateur est implémentée via des traits dans [`std::ops`]"
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/index.html) :"

#: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md
msgid ""
"`format!(format, ..)` works just like `println!` but returns the result as a "
"string."
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md
msgid "`dbg!(expression)` logs the value of the expression and returns it."
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md
msgid ""
"`todo!()` marks a bit of code as not-yet-implemented. If executed, it will "
"panic."
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md
msgid ""
"`unreachable!()` marks a bit of code as unreachable. If executed, it will "
"panic."
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md
msgid "\"{n}! = {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md
msgid ""
"The takeaway from this section is that these common conveniences exist, and "
"how to use them. Why they are defined as macros, and what they expand to, is "
"not especially critical."
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md
msgid ""
"The course does not cover defining macros, but a later section will describe "
"use of derive macros."
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
msgid ""
"The [Collatz Sequence](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collatz_conjecture) is "
"defined as follows, for an arbitrary n"
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "1"
msgstr "12"

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
msgid " greater than zero:"
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
msgid "If _n"
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
msgid "i"
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
msgid "_ is 1, then the sequence terminates at _n"
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
msgid "_."
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
msgid "_ is even, then _n"
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
msgid "i+1"
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
msgid " = n"
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
msgid " / 2_."
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
msgid "_ is odd, then _n"
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
msgid " = 3 * n"
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
msgid " + 1_."
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
msgid "For example, beginning with _n"
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
msgid "_ = 3:"
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
msgid "3 is odd, so _n"
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "2"
msgstr "12"

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
msgid "_ = 3 * 3 + 1 = 10;"
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
msgid "10 is even, so _n"
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "3"
msgstr "3"

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
msgid "_ = 10 / 2 = 5;"
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
msgid "5 is odd, so _n"
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "4"
msgstr "4"

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
msgid "_ = 3 * 5 + 1 = 16;"
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
msgid "16 is even, so _n"
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
msgid "5"
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
msgid "_ = 16 / 2 = 8;"
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
msgid "8 is even, so _n"
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "6"
msgstr "6"

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
msgid "_ = 8 / 2 = 4;"
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
msgid "4 is even, so _n"
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
msgid "7"
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
msgid "_ = 4 / 2 = 2;"
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
msgid "2 is even, so _n"
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "8"
msgstr "8"

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
msgid "_ = 1; and"
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
msgid "the sequence terminates."
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
msgid ""
"Write a function to calculate the length of the collatz sequence for a given "
"initial `n`."
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md src/control-flow-basics/solution.md
msgid "/// Determine the length of the collatz sequence beginning at `n`.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/control-flow-basics/solution.md src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md
msgid "\"Length: {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/welcome-day-1-afternoon.md src/welcome-day-2-afternoon.md
#: src/welcome-day-3-afternoon.md src/welcome-day-4-afternoon.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Welcome Back"
msgstr "Bienvenue"

#: src/tuples-and-arrays/arrays.md
msgid ""
"A value of the array type `[T; N]` holds `N` (a compile-time constant) "
"elements of the same type `T`. Note that the length of the array is _part of "
"its type_, which means that `[u8; 3]` and `[u8; 4]` are considered two "
"different types. Slices, which have a size determined at runtime, are "
"covered later."
msgstr ""

#: src/tuples-and-arrays/arrays.md
msgid ""
"Try accessing an out-of-bounds array element. Array accesses are checked at "
"runtime. Rust can usually optimize these checks away, and they can be "
"avoided using unsafe Rust."
msgstr ""

#: src/tuples-and-arrays/arrays.md
msgid "We can use literals to assign values to arrays."
msgstr ""

#: src/tuples-and-arrays/arrays.md
msgid ""
"The `println!` macro asks for the debug implementation with the `?` format "
"parameter: `{}` gives the default output, `{:?}` gives the debug output. "
"Types such as integers and strings implement the default output, but arrays "
"only implement the debug output. This means that we must use debug output "
"here."
msgstr ""

#: src/tuples-and-arrays/arrays.md
msgid ""
"Adding `#`, eg `{a:#?}`, invokes a \"pretty printing\" format, which can be "
"easier to read."
msgstr ""

#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Like arrays, tuples have a fixed length."
msgstr "Comme les tableaux, les tuples ont une longueur fixe."

#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Tuples group together values of different types into a compound type."
msgstr ""
"Les tuples regroupent des valeurs de différents types dans un type composé."

#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Fields of a tuple can be accessed by the period and the index of the value, "
"e.g. `t.0`, `t.1`."
msgstr ""
"Les champs d'un tuple sont accessibles par le point et l'index de la valeur, "
"par ex. `t.0`, `t.1`."

#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples.md
msgid ""
"The empty tuple `()` is referred to as the \"unit type\" and signifies "
"absence of a return value, akin to `void` in other languages."
msgstr ""

#: src/tuples-and-arrays/iteration.md
msgid "The `for` statement supports iterating over arrays (but not tuples)."
msgstr ""

#: src/tuples-and-arrays/iteration.md
msgid ""
"This functionality uses the `IntoIterator` trait, but we haven't covered "
"that yet."
msgstr ""

#: src/tuples-and-arrays/iteration.md
msgid ""
"The `assert_ne!` macro is new here. There are also `assert_eq!` and `assert!"
"` macros. These are always checked while, debug-only variants like "
"`debug_assert!` compile to nothing in release builds."
msgstr ""

#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md
msgid ""
"When working with tuples and other structured values it's common to want to "
"extract the inner values into local variables. This can be done manually by "
"directly accessing the inner values:"
msgstr ""

#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md
msgid "\"left: {left}, right: {right}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md
msgid ""
"However, Rust also supports using pattern matching to destructure a larger "
"value into its constituent parts:"
msgstr ""

#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md
msgid ""
"The patterns used here are \"irrefutable\", meaning that the compiler can "
"statically verify that the value on the right of `=` has the same structure "
"as the pattern."
msgstr ""

#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md
msgid ""
"A variable name is an irrefutable pattern that always matches any value, "
"hence why we can also use `let` to declare a single variable."
msgstr ""

#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md
msgid ""
"Rust also supports using patterns in conditionals, allowing for equality "
"comparison and destructuring to happen at the same time. This form of "
"pattern matching will be discussed in more detail later."
msgstr ""

#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md
msgid ""
"Edit the examples above to show the compiler error when the pattern doesn't "
"match the value being matched on."
msgstr ""

#: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md
msgid "Arrays can contain other arrays:"
msgstr ""

#: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "What is the type of this variable?"
msgstr "Quel est le type de \"mot\" dans chaque boucle ?"

#: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Use an array such as the above to write a function `transpose` which will "
"transpose a matrix (turn rows into columns):"
msgstr ""
"Utilisez ce qui précède pour écrire une fonction `pretty_print` qui imprime "
"joliment une matrice et une fonction `transpose` qui va transposer une "
"matrice (transformer les lignes en colonnes):"

#: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Hard-code both functions to operate on 3 × 3 matrices."
msgstr ""
"Codez en dur les deux fonctions pour qu'elles fonctionnent sur des matrices "
"3 × 3."

#: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Copy the code below to <https://play.rust-lang.org/> and implement the "
"functions:"
msgstr ""
"Copiez le code ci-dessous sur <https://play.rust-lang.org/> et implémentez "
"le les fonctions:"

#: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md src/borrowing/exercise.md
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
msgid "// TODO: remove this when you're done with your implementation.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md src/tuples-and-arrays/solution.md
msgid "//\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md src/tuples-and-arrays/solution.md
msgid "// <-- the comment makes rustfmt add a newline\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md src/tuples-and-arrays/solution.md
msgid "\"matrix: {:#?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md src/tuples-and-arrays/solution.md
msgid "\"transposed: {:#?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/references/shared.md
msgid ""
"A reference provides a way to access another value without taking "
"responsibility for the value, and is also called \"borrowing\". Shared "
"references are read-only, and the referenced data cannot change."
msgstr ""

#: src/references/shared.md
msgid ""
"A shared reference to a type `T` has type `&T`. A reference value is made "
"with the `&` operator. The `*` operator \"dereferences\" a reference, "
"yielding its value."
msgstr ""

#: src/references/shared.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Rust will statically forbid dangling references:"
msgstr "Rust interdira statiquement les références pendantes :"

#: src/references/shared.md
msgid ""
"A reference is said to \"borrow\" the value it refers to, and this is a good "
"model for students not familiar with pointers: code can use the reference to "
"access the value, but is still \"owned\" by the original variable. The "
"course will get into more detail on ownership in day 3."
msgstr ""

#: src/references/shared.md
msgid ""
"References are implemented as pointers, and a key advantage is that they can "
"be much smaller than the thing they point to. Students familiar with C or C+"
"+ will recognize references as pointers. Later parts of the course will "
"cover how Rust prevents the memory-safety bugs that come from using raw "
"pointers."
msgstr ""

#: src/references/shared.md
msgid ""
"Rust does not automatically create references for you - the `&` is always "
"required."
msgstr ""

#: src/references/shared.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Rust will auto-dereference in some cases, in particular when invoking "
"methods (try `r.is_ascii()`). There is no need for an `->` operator like in "
"C++."
msgstr ""
"Rust déréférencera automatiquement dans certains cas, en particulier lors de "
"l'appel méthodes (essayez `ref_x.count_ones()`)."

#: src/references/shared.md
msgid ""
"In this example, `r` is mutable so that it can be reassigned (`r = &b`). "
"Note that this re-binds `r`, so that it refers to something else. This is "
"different from C++, where assignment to a reference changes the referenced "
"value."
msgstr ""

#: src/references/shared.md
msgid ""
"A shared reference does not allow modifying the value it refers to, even if "
"that value was mutable. Try `*r = 'X'`."
msgstr ""

#: src/references/shared.md
msgid ""
"Rust is tracking the lifetimes of all references to ensure they live long "
"enough. Dangling references cannot occur in safe Rust. `x_axis` would return "
"a reference to `point`, but `point` will be deallocated when the function "
"returns, so this will not compile."
msgstr ""

#: src/references/shared.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "We will talk more about borrowing when we get to ownership."
msgstr ""
"Nous parlerons davantage de l'emprunt lorsque nous arriverons à la propriété."

#: src/references/exclusive.md
msgid ""
"Exclusive references, also known as mutable references, allow changing the "
"value they refer to. They have type `&mut T`."
msgstr ""

#: src/references/exclusive.md
msgid ""
"\"Exclusive\" means that only this reference can be used to access the "
"value. No other references (shared or exclusive) can exist at the same time, "
"and the referenced value cannot be accessed while the exclusive reference "
"exists. Try making an `&point.0` or changing `point.0` while `x_coord` is "
"alive."
msgstr ""

#: src/references/exclusive.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Be sure to note the difference between `let mut x_coord: &i32` and `let "
"x_coord: &mut i32`. The first one represents a shared reference which can be "
"bound to different values, while the second represents an exclusive "
"reference to a mutable value."
msgstr ""
"Assurez-vous de noter la différence entre `let mut ref_x: &i32` et `let "
"ref_x: &mut i32`. Le premier représente une référence mutable qui peut être "
"liée à différentes valeurs, tandis que la seconde représente une référence à "
"une valeur modifiable."

#: src/references/slices.md
msgid "Slices"
msgstr "Tranches"

#: src/references/slices.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "A slice gives you a view into a larger collection:"
msgstr "Une tranche vous donne une vue dans une plus grande collection :"

#: src/references/slices.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Slices borrow data from the sliced type."
msgstr ""
"Les tranches empruntent des données au type en tranches. \\* Question : Que "
"se passe-t-il si vous modifiez `a[3]` ?"

#: src/references/slices.md
msgid "Question: What happens if you modify `a[3]` right before printing `s`?"
msgstr ""

#: src/references/slices.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"We create a slice by borrowing `a` and specifying the starting and ending "
"indexes in brackets."
msgstr ""
"Nous créons une tranche en empruntant `a` et en spécifiant les index de "
"début et de fin entre parenthèses."

#: src/references/slices.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"If the slice starts at index 0, Rust’s range syntax allows us to drop the "
"starting index, meaning that `&a[0..a.len()]` and `&a[..a.len()]` are "
"identical."
msgstr ""
"Si la tranche commence à l'index 0, la syntaxe de plage de Rust nous permet "
"de supprimer l'index de départ, ce qui signifie que `&a[0..a.len()]` et "
"`&a[..a.len()]` sont identiques ."

#: src/references/slices.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The same is true for the last index, so `&a[2..a.len()]` and `&a[2..]` are "
"identical."
msgstr ""
"Il en va de même pour le dernier index, donc `&a[2..a.len()]` et `&a[2..]` "
"sont identiques."

#: src/references/slices.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"To easily create a slice of the full array, we can therefore use `&a[..]`."
msgstr ""
"Pour créer facilement une tranche du tableau complet, on peut donc utiliser "
"`&a[..]`."

#: src/references/slices.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`s` is a reference to a slice of `i32`s. Notice that the type of `s` "
"(`&[i32]`) no longer mentions the array length. This allows us to perform "
"computation on slices of different sizes."
msgstr ""
"`s` est une référence à une tranche de `i32`s. Notez que le type de `s` "
"(`&[i32]`) ne mentionne plus la longueur du tableau. Cela nous permet "
"d'effectuer des calculs sur des tranches de tailles différentes."

#: src/references/slices.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Slices always borrow from another object. In this example, `a` has to remain "
"'alive' (in scope) for at least as long as our slice."
msgstr ""
"Les tranches empruntent toujours à un autre objet. Dans cet exemple, \"a\" "
"doit rester \"vivant\" (dans la portée) au moins aussi longtemps que notre "
"tranche."

#: src/references/slices.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The question about modifying `a[3]` can spark an interesting discussion, but "
"the answer is that for memory safety reasons you cannot do it through `a` at "
"this point in the execution, but you can read the data from both `a` and `s` "
"safely. It works before you created the slice, and again after the "
"`println`, when the slice is no longer used."
msgstr ""
"La question sur la modification de `a[3]` peut susciter une discussion "
"intéressante, mais la réponse est que pour des raisons de sécurité de la "
"mémoire vous ne pouvez pas le faire via `a` après avoir créé une tranche, "
"mais vous pouvez lire les données de `a` et `s` en toute sécurité. Plus de "
"détails seront expliqués dans la section Vérificateur d'emprunt."

#: src/references/strings.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "We can now understand the two string types in Rust:"
msgstr ""
"Nous pouvons maintenant comprendre les deux types de string avec Rust :"

#: src/references/strings.md
msgid "`&str` is a slice of UTF-8 encoded bytes, similar to `&[u8]`."
msgstr ""

#: src/references/strings.md
msgid "`String` is an owned, heap-allocated buffer of UTF-8 bytes."
msgstr ""

#: src/references/strings.md src/std-traits/read-and-write.md
msgid "\"World\""
msgstr ""

#: src/references/strings.md
msgid "\"s1: {s1}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/references/strings.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "\"Hello \""
msgstr "Bonjour le monde!"

#: src/references/strings.md src/memory-management/move.md
msgid "\"s2: {s2}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/references/strings.md
msgid "\"s3: {s3}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/references/strings.md
msgid ""
"`&str` introduces a string slice, which is an immutable reference to UTF-8 "
"encoded string data stored in a block of memory. String literals "
"(`\"Hello\"`), are stored in the program’s binary."
msgstr ""

#: src/references/strings.md
msgid ""
"Rust's `String` type is a wrapper around a vector of bytes. As with a "
"`Vec<T>`, it is owned."
msgstr ""

#: src/references/strings.md
msgid ""
"As with many other types `String::from()` creates a string from a string "
"literal; `String::new()` creates a new empty string, to which string data "
"can be added using the `push()` and `push_str()` methods."
msgstr ""

#: src/references/strings.md
msgid ""
"The `format!()` macro is a convenient way to generate an owned string from "
"dynamic values. It accepts the same format specification as `println!()`."
msgstr ""

#: src/references/strings.md
msgid ""
"You can borrow `&str` slices from `String` via `&` and optionally range "
"selection. If you select a byte range that is not aligned to character "
"boundaries, the expression will panic. The `chars` iterator iterates over "
"characters and is preferred over trying to get character boundaries right."
msgstr ""

#: src/references/strings.md
msgid ""
"For C++ programmers: think of `&str` as `std::string_view` from C++, but the "
"one that always points to a valid string in memory. Rust `String` is a rough "
"equivalent of `std::string` from C++ (main difference: it can only contain "
"UTF-8 encoded bytes and will never use a small-string optimization)."
msgstr ""

#: src/references/strings.md
msgid "Byte strings literals allow you to create a `&[u8]` value directly:"
msgstr ""

#: src/references/strings.md
msgid ""
"Raw strings allow you to create a `&str` value with escapes disabled: "
"`r\"\\n\" == \"\\\\n\"`. You can embed double-quotes by using an equal "
"amount of `#` on either side of the quotes:"
msgstr ""

#: src/references/exercise.md
msgid ""
"We will create a few utility functions for 3-dimensional geometry, "
"representing a point as `[f64;3]`. It is up to you to determine the function "
"signatures."
msgstr ""

#: src/references/exercise.md
msgid ""
"// Calculate the magnitude of a vector by summing the squares of its "
"coordinates\n"
"// and taking the square root. Use the `sqrt()` method to calculate the "
"square\n"
"// root, like `v.sqrt()`.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/references/exercise.md
msgid ""
"// Normalize a vector by calculating its magnitude and dividing all of its\n"
"// coordinates by that magnitude.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/references/exercise.md
msgid "// Use the following `main` to test your work.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/references/exercise.md src/references/solution.md
msgid "\"Magnitude of a unit vector: {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/references/exercise.md src/references/solution.md
msgid "\"Magnitude of {v:?}: {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/references/exercise.md src/references/solution.md
msgid "\"Magnitude of {v:?} after normalization: {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/references/solution.md
msgid "/// Calculate the magnitude of the given vector.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/references/solution.md
msgid ""
"/// Change the magnitude of the vector to 1.0 without changing its "
"direction.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Like C and C++, Rust has support for custom structs:"
msgstr "Comme C et C++, Rust prend en charge les structures personnalisées :"

#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md
msgid "\"{} is {} years old\""
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
msgid "\"Peter\""
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md
msgid "\"Avery\""
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md
msgid "\"Jackie\""
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md src/user-defined-types/enums.md
#: src/pattern-matching/match.md src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Key Points:"
msgstr "Points clés:"

#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md
msgid "Structs work like in C or C++."
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md
msgid "Like in C++, and unlike in C, no typedef is needed to define a type."
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md
msgid "Unlike in C++, there is no inheritance between structs."
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md
msgid ""
"This may be a good time to let people know there are different types of "
"structs."
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md
msgid ""
"Zero-sized structs (e.g. `struct Foo;`) might be used when implementing a "
"trait on some type but don’t have any data that you want to store in the "
"value itself."
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md
msgid ""
"The next slide will introduce Tuple structs, used when the field names are "
"not important."
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"If you already have variables with the right names, then you can create the "
"struct using a shorthand."
msgstr ""
"Si vous avez déjà des variables avec les bons noms, vous pouvez créer le "
"struct en utilisant un raccourci :"

#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md
msgid ""
"The syntax `..avery` allows us to copy the majority of the fields from the "
"old struct without having to explicitly type it all out. It must always be "
"the last element."
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "If the field names are unimportant, you can use a tuple struct:"
msgstr ""
"Si les noms de champ ne sont pas importants, vous pouvez utiliser une "
"structure tuple :"

#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md
msgid "\"({}, {})\""
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "This is often used for single-field wrappers (called newtypes):"
msgstr ""
"Ceci est souvent utilisé pour les wrappers à champ unique (appelés newtypes):"

#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md
msgid "\"Ask a rocket scientist at NASA\""
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md
#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md
msgid "// ...\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Newtypes are a great way to encode additional information about the value in "
"a primitive type, for example:"
msgstr ""
"Les nouveaux types sont un excellent moyen d'encoder des informations "
"supplémentaires sur la valeur dans un type primitif, par exemple :"

#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "The number is measured in some units: `Newtons` in the example above."
msgstr ""
"Le nombre est mesuré dans certaines unités : `Newtons` dans l'exemple ci-"
"dessus."

#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The value passed some validation when it was created, so you no longer have "
"to validate it again at every use: `PhoneNumber(String)` or `OddNumber(u32)`."
msgstr ""
"La valeur a été validée lors de sa création, vous n'avez donc plus besoin de "
"la valider à chaque utilisation : 'PhoneNumber(String)`ou`OddNumber(u32)\\`."

#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Demonstrate how to add a `f64` value to a `Newtons` type by accessing the "
"single field in the newtype."
msgstr ""
"Montrez comment ajouter une valeur `f64` à un type `Newtons` en accédant au "
"champ unique dans le nouveau type."

#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Rust generally doesn’t like inexplicit things, like automatic unwrapping or "
"for instance using booleans as integers."
msgstr ""
"Rust n'aime généralement pas les choses inexplicites, comme le déballage "
"automatique ou, par exemple, l'utilisation de booléens comme entiers."

#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Operator overloading is discussed on Day 3 (generics)."
msgstr "La surcharge des opérateurs est discutée le jour 3 (génériques)."

#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md
msgid ""
"The example is a subtle reference to the [Mars Climate Orbiter](https://en."
"wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Climate_Orbiter) failure."
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The `enum` keyword allows the creation of a type which has a few different "
"variants:"
msgstr ""
"Le mot clé `enum` permet la création d'un type qui a quelques différentes "
"variantes :"

#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
msgid "// Simple variant\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
msgid "// Tuple variant\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
msgid "// Struct variant\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
msgid "\"On this turn: {:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Enumerations allow you to collect a set of values under one type."
msgstr ""
"Les énumérations vous permettent de collecter un ensemble de valeurs sous un "
"type"

#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
msgid ""
"`Direction` is a type with variants. There are two values of `Direction`: "
"`Direction::Left` and `Direction::Right`."
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
msgid ""
"`PlayerMove` is a type with three variants. In addition to the payloads, "
"Rust will store a discriminant so that it knows at runtime which variant is "
"in a `PlayerMove` value."
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "This might be a good time to compare structs and enums:"
msgstr "C'est peut-être le bon moment pour comparer Structs et Enums :"

#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"In both, you can have a simple version without fields (unit struct) or one "
"with different types of fields (variant payloads)."
msgstr ""
"Dans les deux cas, vous pouvez avoir une version simple sans champs "
"(structure d'unité) ou une version avec différents types de champs (charges "
"utiles variantes)."

#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"You could even implement the different variants of an enum with separate "
"structs but then they wouldn’t be the same type as they would if they were "
"all defined in an enum."
msgstr ""
"Vous pouvez même implémenter les différentes variantes d'une énumération "
"avec des structures distinctes, mais elles ne seraient alors pas du même "
"type que si elles étaient toutes définies dans une énumération."

#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
msgid "Rust uses minimal space to store the discriminant."
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
msgid "If necessary, it stores an integer of the smallest required size"
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
msgid ""
"If the allowed variant values do not cover all bit patterns, it will use "
"invalid bit patterns to encode the discriminant (the \"niche "
"optimization\"). For example, `Option<&u8>` stores either a pointer to an "
"integer or `NULL` for the `None` variant."
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
msgid ""
"You can control the discriminant if needed (e.g., for compatibility with C):"
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
msgid ""
"Without `repr`, the discriminant type takes 2 bytes, because 10001 fits 2 "
"bytes."
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md src/user-defined-types/static.md
#: src/memory-management/review.md src/memory-management/move.md
#: src/smart-pointers/box.md src/borrowing/shared.md
msgid "More to Explore"
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
msgid ""
"Rust has several optimizations it can employ to make enums take up less "
"space."
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
msgid ""
"Null pointer optimization: For [some types](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/"
"option/#representation), Rust guarantees that `size_of::<T>()` equals "
"`size_of::<Option<T>>()`."
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
msgid ""
"Example code if you want to show how the bitwise representation _may_ look "
"like in practice. It's important to note that the compiler provides no "
"guarantees regarding this representation, therefore this is totally unsafe."
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/static.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`static`"
msgstr "`statique`"

#: src/user-defined-types/static.md
msgid ""
"Static variables will live during the whole execution of the program, and "
"therefore will not move:"
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/static.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "\"Welcome to RustOS 3.14\""
msgstr "Bienvenue au jour 1"

#: src/user-defined-types/static.md
msgid "\"{BANNER}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/static.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"As noted in the [Rust RFC Book](https://rust-lang.github.io/rfcs/0246-const-"
"vs-static.html), these are not inlined upon use and have an actual "
"associated memory location. This is useful for unsafe and embedded code, and "
"the variable lives through the entirety of the program execution. When a "
"globally-scoped value does not have a reason to need object identity, "
"`const` is generally preferred."
msgstr ""
"Comme indiqué dans le \\[Rust RFC Book\\] [1](https://rust-lang.github.io/"
"rfcs/0246-const-vs-static.html), ceux-ci ne sont pas alignés lors de "
"l'utilisation et ont un emplacement de mémoire associé réel. Ceci est utile "
"pour le code non sécurisé et intégré, et la variable vit tout au long de "
"l'exécution du programme."

#: src/user-defined-types/static.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`static` is similar to mutable global variables in C++."
msgstr ""
"`static`, d'autre part, ressemble beaucoup plus à une variable globale "
"`const` ou mutable en C++."

#: src/user-defined-types/static.md
msgid ""
"`static` provides object identity: an address in memory and state as "
"required by types with interior mutability such as `Mutex<T>`."
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/static.md
msgid ""
"Because `static` variables are accessible from any thread, they must be "
"`Sync`. Interior mutability is possible through a [`Mutex`](https://doc.rust-"
"lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html), atomic or similar."
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/static.md
msgid "Thread-local data can be created with the macro `std::thread_local`."
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/const.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`const`"
msgstr "`const`"

#: src/user-defined-types/const.md
msgid ""
"Constants are evaluated at compile time and their values are inlined "
"wherever they are used:"
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/const.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"According to the [Rust RFC Book](https://rust-lang.github.io/rfcs/0246-const-"
"vs-static.html) these are inlined upon use."
msgstr ""
"Selon le \\[Rust RFC Book\\] [1](https://rust-lang.github.io/rfcs/0246-const-"
"vs-static.html), ceux-ci sont intégrés lors de l'utilisation."

#: src/user-defined-types/const.md
msgid ""
"Only functions marked `const` can be called at compile time to generate "
"`const` values. `const` functions can however be called at runtime."
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/const.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Mention that `const` behaves semantically similar to C++'s `constexpr`"
msgstr ""
"Mentionnez que `const` se comporte sémantiquement de la même manière que "
"`constexpr` de C++."

#: src/user-defined-types/const.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"It isn't super common that one would need a runtime evaluated constant, but "
"it is helpful and safer than using a static."
msgstr ""
"Il n'est pas très courant d'avoir besoin d'une constante évaluée à "
"l'exécution, mais c'est utile et plus sûr que d'utiliser un statique."

#: src/user-defined-types/aliases.md
msgid ""
"A type alias creates a name for another type. The two types can be used "
"interchangeably."
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/aliases.md
msgid "// Aliases are more useful with long, complex types:\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/aliases.md
msgid "C programmers will recognize this as similar to a `typedef`."
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md
msgid ""
"We will create a data structure to represent an event in an elevator control "
"system. It is up to you to define the types and functions to construct "
"various events. Use `#[derive(Debug)]` to allow the types to be formatted "
"with `{:?}`."
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md
msgid ""
"This exercise only requires creating and populating data structures so that "
"`main` runs without errors. The next part of the course will cover getting "
"data out of these structures."
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md
msgid ""
"/// An event in the elevator system that the controller must react to.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md
msgid "// TODO: add required variants\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md
msgid "/// A direction of travel.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md
msgid "/// The car has arrived on the given floor.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md
msgid "/// The car doors have opened.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md
msgid "/// The car doors have closed.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md
msgid ""
"/// A directional button was pressed in an elevator lobby on the given "
"floor.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md
msgid "/// A floor button was pressed in the elevator car.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md
msgid "\"A ground floor passenger has pressed the up button: {:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md
msgid "\"The car has arrived on the ground floor: {:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md
msgid "\"The car door opened: {:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md
msgid "\"A passenger has pressed the 3rd floor button: {:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md
msgid "\"The car door closed: {:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md
msgid "\"The car has arrived on the 3rd floor: {:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/solution.md
msgid "/// A button was pressed.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/solution.md
msgid "/// The car has arrived at the given floor.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/solution.md
msgid "/// The car's doors have opened.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/solution.md
msgid "/// The car's doors have closed.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/solution.md
msgid "/// A floor is represented as an integer.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/solution.md
msgid "/// A user-accessible button.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/solution.md
msgid "/// A button in the elevator lobby on the given floor.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/user-defined-types/solution.md
msgid "/// A floor button within the car.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/welcome-day-2.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Welcome to Day 2"
msgstr "Bienvenue au jour 2"

#: src/welcome-day-2.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Now that we have seen a fair amount of Rust, today will focus on Rust's type "
"system:"
msgstr ""
"Maintenant que nous avons vu une bonne quantité de Rust, nous allons "
"continuer avec :"

#: src/welcome-day-2.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Pattern matching: extracting data from structures."
msgstr ""
"Filtrage par motif : déstructuration des énumérations, des structures et des "
"tableaux."

#: src/welcome-day-2.md
msgid "Methods: associating functions with types."
msgstr ""

#: src/welcome-day-2.md
msgid "Traits: behaviors shared by multiple types."
msgstr ""

#: src/welcome-day-2.md
msgid "Generics: parameterizing types on other types."
msgstr ""

#: src/welcome-day-2.md
msgid ""
"Standard library types and traits: a tour of Rust's rich standard library."
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/match.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The `match` keyword lets you match a value against one or more _patterns_. "
"The comparisons are done from top to bottom and the first match wins."
msgstr ""
"Le mot clé `match` vous permet de faire correspondre une valeur à un ou "
"plusieurs _patterns_. Le les comparaisons se font de haut en bas et le "
"premier match l'emporte."

#: src/pattern-matching/match.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "The patterns can be simple values, similarly to `switch` in C and C++:"
msgstr ""
"Les modèles peuvent être des valeurs simples, de la même manière que "
"`switch` en C et C++ :"

#: src/pattern-matching/match.md
msgid "'x'"
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/match.md
msgid "'q'"
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/match.md
msgid "\"Quitting\""
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/match.md src/generics/exercise.md
#: src/generics/solution.md src/std-traits/solution.md
#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md
msgid "'a'"
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/match.md
msgid "'s'"
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/match.md
msgid "'w'"
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/match.md
msgid "'d'"
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/match.md
msgid "\"Moving around\""
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/match.md src/error-handling/exercise.md
#: src/error-handling/solution.md
msgid "'0'"
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/match.md src/error-handling/exercise.md
#: src/error-handling/solution.md
msgid "'9'"
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/match.md
msgid "\"Number input\""
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/match.md
msgid "\"Lowercase: {key}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/match.md
msgid "\"Something else\""
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/match.md
msgid ""
"The `_` pattern is a wildcard pattern which matches any value. The "
"expressions _must_ be exhaustive, meaning that it covers every possibility, "
"so `_` is often used as the final catch-all case."
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/match.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Match can be used as an expression. Just like `if`, each match arm must have "
"the same type. The type is the last expression of the block, if any. In the "
"example above, the type is `()`."
msgstr ""
"Comme `if let`, chaque bras de correspondance doit avoir le même type. Le "
"type est le dernier expression du bloc, le cas échéant. Dans l'exemple ci-"
"dessus, le type est `()`."

#: src/pattern-matching/match.md
msgid ""
"A variable in the pattern (`key` in this example) will create a binding that "
"can be used within the match arm."
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/match.md
msgid "A match guard causes the arm to match only if the condition is true."
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/match.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"You might point out how some specific characters are being used when in a "
"pattern"
msgstr ""
"Vous pouvez indiquer comment certains caractères spécifiques sont utilisés "
"dans un modèle"

#: src/pattern-matching/match.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`|` as an `or`"
msgstr "`|` comme un `ou`"

#: src/pattern-matching/match.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`..` can expand as much as it needs to be"
msgstr "`..` peut s'étendre autant que nécessaire"

#: src/pattern-matching/match.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`1..=5` represents an inclusive range"
msgstr "`1..=5` représente une plage inclusive"

#: src/pattern-matching/match.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`_` is a wild card"
msgstr "`_` est un joker"

#: src/pattern-matching/match.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Match guards as a separate syntax feature are important and necessary when "
"we wish to concisely express more complex ideas than patterns alone would "
"allow."
msgstr ""
"Les gardes de correspondance en tant que fonctionnalité de syntaxe distincte "
"sont importants et nécessaires lorsque nous souhaitons exprimer de manière "
"concise des idées plus complexes que ne le permettraient les modèles seuls."

#: src/pattern-matching/match.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"They are not the same as separate `if` expression inside of the match arm. "
"An `if` expression inside of the branch block (after `=>`) happens after the "
"match arm is selected. Failing the `if` condition inside of that block won't "
"result in other arms of the original `match` expression being considered."
msgstr ""
"Ils ne sont pas identiques à une expression \"if\" séparée à l'intérieur du "
"bras de match. Une expression `if` à l'intérieur du bloc de branche (après "
"`=>`) se produit après la sélection du bras de correspondance. L'échec de la "
"condition \"si\" à l'intérieur de ce bloc n'entraînera pas d'autres bras de "
"l'expression \"match\" d'origine considérée."

#: src/pattern-matching/match.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The condition defined in the guard applies to every expression in a pattern "
"with an `|`."
msgstr ""
"La condition définie dans la garde s'applique à chaque expression dans un "
"modèle avec un `|`."

#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
msgid "Like tuples, structs and enums can also be destructured by matching:"
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
msgid "Structs"
msgstr "Structures"

#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
msgid "\"x.0 = 1, b = {b}, y = {y}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
msgid "\"y = 2, x = {i:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
msgid "\"y = {y}, other fields were ignored\""
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Patterns can also be used to bind variables to parts of your values. This is "
"how you inspect the structure of your types. Let us start with a simple "
"`enum` type:"
msgstr ""
"Les modèles peuvent également être utilisés pour lier des variables à des "
"parties de vos valeurs. C'est ainsi vous inspectez la structure de vos "
"types. Commençons par un simple type `enum` :"

#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
msgid "\"cannot divide {n} into two equal parts\""
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
msgid "\"{n} divided in two is {half}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
msgid "\"sorry, an error happened: {msg}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Here we have used the arms to _destructure_ the `Result` value. In the first "
"arm, `half` is bound to the value inside the `Ok` variant. In the second "
"arm, `msg` is bound to the error message."
msgstr ""
"Ici, nous avons utilisé les bras pour _déstructurer_ la valeur `Result`. En "
"premier arm, `half` est lié à la valeur à l'intérieur de la variante `Ok`. "
"Dans le deuxième bras, `msg` est lié au message d'erreur."

#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
msgid "Change the literal values in `foo` to match with the other patterns."
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
msgid "Add a new field to `Foo` and make changes to the pattern as needed."
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
msgid ""
"The distinction between a capture and a constant expression can be hard to "
"spot. Try changing the `2` in the second arm to a variable, and see that it "
"subtly doesn't work. Change it to a `const` and see it working again."
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The `if`/`else` expression is returning an enum that is later unpacked with "
"a `match`."
msgstr ""
"L'expression `if`/`else` renvoie une énumération qui est ensuite "
"décompressée avec une `match`."

#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"You can try adding a third variant to the enum definition and displaying the "
"errors when running the code. Point out the places where your code is now "
"inexhaustive and how the compiler tries to give you hints."
msgstr ""
"Vous pouvez essayer d'ajouter une troisième variante à la définition enum et "
"d'afficher les erreurs lors de l'exécution du code. Indiquez les endroits où "
"votre code est maintenant inexhaustif et comment le compilateur essaie de "
"vous donner des indices."

#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The values in the enum variants can only be accessed after being pattern "
"matched."
msgstr ""
"Les valeurs des variantes enum ne sont accessibles qu'après avoir été mises "
"en correspondance avec le modèle. Le modèle lie les références aux champs "
"dans le \"match arm\" après le `=>`."

#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Demonstrate what happens when the search is inexhaustive. Note the advantage "
"the Rust compiler provides by confirming when all cases are handled."
msgstr ""
"Démontrer ce qui se passe lorsque la recherche est inépuisable. Notez "
"l'avantage que le compilateur Rust fournit en confirmant quand tous les cas "
"sont traités."

#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
msgid ""
"Save the result of `divide_in_two` in the `result` variable and `match` it "
"in a loop. That won't compile because `msg` is consumed when matched. To fix "
"it, match `&result` instead of `result`. That will make `msg` a reference so "
"it won't be consumed. This [\"match ergonomics\"](https://rust-lang.github."
"io/rfcs/2005-match-ergonomics.html) appeared in Rust 2018. If you want to "
"support older Rust, replace `msg` with `ref msg` in the pattern."
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
msgid ""
"Rust has a few control flow constructs which differ from other languages. "
"They are used for pattern matching:"
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`if let` expressions"
msgstr "expressions `si nous allons`"

#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`while let` expressions"
msgstr "expressions `while let`"

#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`match` expressions"
msgstr "expressions \"correspondantes\""

#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
msgid ""
"The [`if let` expression](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/if-"
"expr.html#if-let-expressions) lets you execute different code depending on "
"whether a value matches a pattern:"
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
msgid "\"slept for {:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`let else` expressions"
msgstr "expressions `while let`"

#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
msgid ""
"For the common case of matching a pattern and returning from the function, "
"use [`let else`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/flow_control/"
"let_else.html). The \"else\" case must diverge (`return`, `break`, or panic "
"- anything but falling off the end of the block)."
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
msgid "\"got None\""
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
msgid "\"got empty string\""
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
msgid "\"not a hex digit\""
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md src/pattern-matching/solution.md
msgid "\"result: {:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md src/generics/trait-bounds.md
#: src/smart-pointers/solution.md src/testing/solution.md
#: src/android/testing.md src/android/testing/googletest.md
msgid "\"foo\""
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Like with `if let`, there is a [`while let`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/"
"reference/expressions/loop-expr.html#predicate-pattern-loops) variant which "
"repeatedly tests a value against a pattern:"
msgstr ""
"Comme avec `if`, il existe une variante `while let` qui teste à plusieurs "
"reprises une valeur contre un modèle :"

#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Here [`String::pop`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/string/struct."
"String.html#method.pop) returns `Some(c)` until the string is empty, after "
"which it will return `None`. The `while let` lets us keep iterating through "
"all items."
msgstr ""
"Ici, l'itérateur renvoyé par `v.iter()` renverra une `Option<i32>` à chaque "
"appel à `next()`. Il renvoie `Some(x)` jusqu'à ce qu'il soit terminé, après "
"quoi il renvoie \"Aucun\". Le `while let` nous permet de continuer à "
"parcourir tous les éléments."

#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
msgid "if-let"
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
msgid ""
"Unlike `match`, `if let` does not have to cover all branches. This can make "
"it more concise than `match`."
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
msgid "A common usage is handling `Some` values when working with `Option`."
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
msgid ""
"Unlike `match`, `if let` does not support guard clauses for pattern matching."
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
msgid "let-else"
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
msgid ""
"`if-let`s can pile up, as shown. The `let-else` construct supports "
"flattening this nested code. Rewrite the awkward version for students, so "
"they can see the transformation."
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
msgid "The rewritten version is:"
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "while-let"
msgstr "expressions `while let`"

#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Point out that the `while let` loop will keep going as long as the value "
"matches the pattern."
msgstr ""
"Soulignez que la boucle `while let` continuera tant que la valeur correspond "
"au modèle."

#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"You could rewrite the `while let` loop as an infinite loop with an if "
"statement that breaks when there is no value to unwrap for `name.pop()`. The "
"`while let` provides syntactic sugar for the above scenario."
msgstr ""
"Vous pouvez réécrire la boucle `while let` comme une boucle infinie avec une "
"instruction if qui s'interrompt lorsqu'il n'y a pas de valeur à déballer "
"pour `iter.next()`. Le `while let` fournit du sucre syntaxique pour le "
"scénario ci-dessus."

#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md
msgid "Let's write a simple recursive evaluator for arithmetic expressions."
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md
msgid ""
"The `Box` type here is a smart pointer, and will be covered in detail later "
"in the course. An expression can be \"boxed\" with `Box::new` as seen in the "
"tests. To evaluate a boxed expression, use the deref operator (`*`) to "
"\"unbox\" it: `eval(*boxed_expr)`."
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md
msgid ""
"Some expressions cannot be evaluated and will return an error. The standard "
"[`Result<Value, String>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/result/enum.Result."
"html) type is an enum that represents either a successful value "
"(`Ok(Value)`) or an error (`Err(String)`). We will cover this type in detail "
"later."
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md
msgid ""
"Copy and paste the code into the Rust playground, and begin implementing "
"`eval`. The final product should pass the tests. It may be helpful to use "
"`todo!()` and get the tests to pass one-by-one. You can also skip a test "
"temporarily with `#[ignore]`:"
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md
msgid ""
"If you finish early, try writing a test that results in division by zero or "
"integer overflow. How could you handle this with `Result` instead of a panic?"
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md src/pattern-matching/solution.md
msgid "/// An operation to perform on two subexpressions.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md src/pattern-matching/solution.md
msgid "/// An expression, in tree form.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md src/pattern-matching/solution.md
msgid "/// An operation on two subexpressions.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md src/pattern-matching/solution.md
msgid "/// A literal value\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md src/pattern-matching/solution.md
msgid "\"division by zero\""
msgstr ""

#: src/pattern-matching/solution.md
msgid "\"expr: {:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Rust allows you to associate functions with your new types. You do this with "
"an `impl` block:"
msgstr ""
"Rust vous permet d'associer des fonctions à vos nouveaux types. Vous faites "
"cela avec un Bloc `impl` :"

#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
msgid "// No receiver, a static method\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
msgid "// Exclusive borrowed read-write access to self\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
msgid "// Shared and read-only borrowed access to self\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
msgid "\"Recorded {} laps for {}:\""
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
msgid "\"Lap {idx}: {lap} sec\""
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
msgid "// Exclusive ownership of self\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
msgid "\"Race {} is finished, total lap time: {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
msgid "\"Monaco Grand Prix\""
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
msgid "// race.add_lap(42);\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The `self` arguments specify the \"receiver\" - the object the method acts "
"on. There are several common receivers for a method:"
msgstr ""
"Le `&self` ci-dessus indique que la méthode emprunte l'objet de manière "
"immuable. Là sont d'autres récepteurs possibles pour une méthode :"

#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`&self`: borrows the object from the caller using a shared and immutable "
"reference. The object can be used again afterwards."
msgstr ""
"`&self` : emprunte l'objet à l'appelant en utilisant un partage et immuable "
"référence. L'objet peut être réutilisé par la suite."

#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`&mut self`: borrows the object from the caller using a unique and mutable "
"reference. The object can be used again afterwards."
msgstr ""
"`&mut self` : emprunte l'objet à l'appelant en utilisant un nom unique et "
"mutable référence. L'objet peut être réutilisé par la suite."

#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`self`: takes ownership of the object and moves it away from the caller. The "
"method becomes the owner of the object. The object will be dropped "
"(deallocated) when the method returns, unless its ownership is explicitly "
"transmitted. Complete ownership does not automatically mean mutability."
msgstr ""
"`self` : prend possession de l'objet et l'éloigne de l'appelant. Le méthode "
"devient le propriétaire de l'objet. L'objet sera supprimé (désalloué) "
"lorsque la méthode revient, sauf si sa propriété est explicitement transmis."

#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`mut self`: same as above, but the method can mutate the object."
msgstr ""
"`mut self` : comme ci-dessus, mais tant que la méthode possède l'objet, elle "
"peut le faire muter aussi. La propriété complète ne signifie pas "
"automatiquement la mutabilité."

#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"No receiver: this becomes a static method on the struct. Typically used to "
"create constructors which are called `new` by convention."
msgstr ""
"Pas de récepteur : cela devient une méthode statique sur la structure. "
"Généralement utilisé pour créer des constructeurs appelés \"nouveaux\" par "
"convention."

#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "It can be helpful to introduce methods by comparing them to functions."
msgstr ""
"Il peut être utile d'introduire des méthodes en les comparant à des "
"fonctions."

#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Methods are called on an instance of a type (such as a struct or enum), the "
"first parameter represents the instance as `self`."
msgstr ""
"Les méthodes sont appelées sur une instance d'un type (tel qu'un struct ou "
"un enum), le premier paramètre représente l'instance en tant que \"self\"."

#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Developers may choose to use methods to take advantage of method receiver "
"syntax and to help keep them more organized. By using methods we can keep "
"all the implementation code in one predictable place."
msgstr ""
"Les développeurs peuvent choisir d'utiliser des méthodes pour tirer parti de "
"la syntaxe du récepteur de méthode et pour mieux les organiser. En utilisant "
"des méthodes, nous pouvons conserver tout le code d'implémentation en un "
"seul endroit prévisible."

#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Point out the use of the keyword `self`, a method receiver."
msgstr "Soulignez l'utilisation du mot-clé `self`, un récepteur de méthode."

#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Show that it is an abbreviated term for `self: Self` and perhaps show how "
"the struct name could also be used."
msgstr ""
"Montrez qu'il s'agit d'un terme abrégé pour `self:&Self` et montrez peut-"
"être comment le nom de la structure pourrait également être utilisé."

#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Explain that `Self` is a type alias for the type the `impl` block is in and "
"can be used elsewhere in the block."
msgstr ""
"Expliquez que `Self` est un alias de type pour le type dans lequel se trouve "
"le bloc `impl` et peut être utilisé ailleurs dans le bloc."

#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Note how `self` is used like other structs and dot notation can be used to "
"refer to individual fields."
msgstr ""
"Notez comment `self` est utilisé comme d'autres structures et la notation "
"par points peut être utilisée pour faire référence à des champs individuels."

#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"This might be a good time to demonstrate how the `&self` differs from `self` "
"by trying to run `finish` twice."
msgstr ""
"C'est peut-être le bon moment pour démontrer en quoi `&self` diffère de "
"`self` en modifiant le code et en essayant d'exécuter say_hello deux fois."

#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Beyond variants on `self`, there are also [special wrapper types](https://"
"doc.rust-lang.org/reference/special-types-and-traits.html) allowed to be "
"receiver types, such as `Box<Self>`."
msgstr ""
"Au-delà des variantes sur \"self\", il y a aussi \\[types d'emballage "
"spéciaux\\] (https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/special-types-and-traits."
"html) autorisés à être des types de récepteurs, tels que `Box<Self>`."

#: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Rust lets you abstract over types with traits. They're similar to interfaces:"
msgstr ""
"Rust vous permet d'abstraire les types avec des traits. Ils sont similaires "
"aux interfaces :"

#: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md
msgid "/// Return a sentence from this pet.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md
msgid "/// Print a string to the terminal greeting this pet.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md
msgid ""
"A trait defines a number of methods that types must have in order to "
"implement the trait."
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md
msgid ""
"In the \"Generics\" segment, next, we will see how to build functionality "
"that is generic over all types implementing a trait."
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/traits/implementing.md
msgid "\"Oh you're a cutie! What's your name? {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/traits/implementing.md
#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md
msgid "\"Woof, my name is {}!\""
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/traits/implementing.md
#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md
msgid "\"Fido\""
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/traits/implementing.md
msgid ""
"To implement `Trait` for `Type`, you use an `impl Trait for Type { .. }` "
"block."
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/traits/implementing.md
msgid ""
"Unlike Go interfaces, just having matching methods is not enough: a `Cat` "
"type with a `talk()` method would not automatically satisfy `Pet` unless it "
"is in an `impl Pet` block."
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/traits/implementing.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Traits may provide default implementations of some methods. Default "
"implementations can rely on all the methods of the trait. In this case, "
"`greet` is provided, and relies on `talk`."
msgstr ""
"Les caractéristiques peuvent spécifier des méthodes pré-implémentées (par "
"défaut) et des méthodes que les utilisateurs sont tenus de suivre mettre en "
"œuvre eux-mêmes. Les méthodes avec des implémentations par défaut peuvent "
"s'appuyer sur les méthodes requises."

#: src/methods-and-traits/traits/supertraits.md
msgid ""
"A trait can require that types implementing it also implement other traits, "
"called _supertraits_. Here, any type implementing `Pet` must implement "
"`Animal`."
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/traits/supertraits.md
#: src/async/control-flow/select.md
msgid "\"Rex\""
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/traits/supertraits.md
msgid "\"{} has {} legs\""
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/traits/supertraits.md
msgid ""
"This is sometimes called \"trait inheritance\" but students should not "
"expect this to behave like OO inheritance. It just specifies an additional "
"requirement on implementations of a trait."
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/traits/associated-types.md
msgid ""
"Associated types are placeholder types which are supplied by the trait "
"implementation."
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/traits/associated-types.md
#: src/async/control-flow/join.md
msgid "\"{:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/traits/associated-types.md
msgid ""
"Associated types are sometimes also called \"output types\". The key "
"observation is that the implementer, not the caller, chooses this type."
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/traits/associated-types.md
msgid ""
"Many standard library traits have associated types, including arithmetic "
"operators and `Iterator`."
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md
msgid ""
"Supported traits can be automatically implemented for your custom types, as "
"follows:"
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md
msgid "// Default trait adds `default` constructor.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md
msgid "// Clone trait adds `clone` method.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md
msgid "\"EldurScrollz\""
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md
msgid "// Debug trait adds support for printing with `{:?}`.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md
msgid "\"{:?} vs. {:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md
msgid ""
"Derivation is implemented with macros, and many crates provide useful derive "
"macros to add useful functionality. For example, `serde` can derive "
"serialization support for a struct using `#[derive(Serialize)]`."
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Exercise: Logger Trait"
msgstr "Exercices"

#: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md
msgid ""
"Let's design a simple logging utility, using a trait `Logger` with a `log` "
"method. Code which might log its progress can then take an `&impl Logger`. "
"In testing, this might put messages in the test logfile, while in a "
"production build it would send messages to a log server."
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md
msgid ""
"However, the `StderrLogger` given below logs all messages, regardless of "
"verbosity. Your task is to write a `VerbosityFilter` type that will ignore "
"messages above a maximum verbosity."
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md
msgid ""
"This is a common pattern: a struct wrapping a trait implementation and "
"implementing that same trait, adding behavior in the process. What other "
"kinds of wrappers might be useful in a logging utility?"
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md src/methods-and-traits/solution.md
msgid "/// Log a message at the given verbosity level.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md src/methods-and-traits/solution.md
msgid "\"verbosity={verbosity}: {message}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md src/methods-and-traits/solution.md
msgid "\"FYI\""
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md src/methods-and-traits/solution.md
msgid "\"Uhoh\""
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md
msgid "// TODO: Define and implement `VerbosityFilter`.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/methods-and-traits/solution.md
msgid "/// Only log messages up to the given verbosity level.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/generics/generic-functions.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Rust supports generics, which lets you abstract algorithms or data "
"structures (such as sorting or a binary tree) over the types used or stored."
msgstr ""
"Rust prend en charge les génériques, ce qui vous permet d'abstraire un "
"algorithme (comme le tri) sur les types utilisés dans l'algorithme."

#: src/generics/generic-functions.md
msgid "/// Pick `even` or `odd` depending on the value of `n`.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/generics/generic-functions.md
msgid "\"picked a number: {:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/generics/generic-functions.md
msgid "\"picked a tuple: {:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/generics/generic-functions.md
msgid "\"dog\""
msgstr ""

#: src/generics/generic-functions.md
msgid "\"cat\""
msgstr ""

#: src/generics/generic-functions.md
msgid ""
"Rust infers a type for T based on the types of the arguments and return "
"value."
msgstr ""

#: src/generics/generic-functions.md
msgid ""
"This is similar to C++ templates, but Rust partially compiles the generic "
"function immediately, so that function must be valid for all types matching "
"the constraints. For example, try modifying `pick` to return `even + odd` if "
"`n == 0`. Even if only the `pick` instantiation with integers is used, Rust "
"still considers it invalid. C++ would let you do this."
msgstr ""

#: src/generics/generic-functions.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Generic code is turned into non-generic code based on the call sites. This "
"is a zero-cost abstraction: you get exactly the same result as if you had "
"hand-coded the data structures without the abstraction."
msgstr ""
"Il s'agit d'une abstraction à coût nul : vous obtenez exactement le même "
"résultat que si vous aviez codé à la main les structures de données sans "
"l'abstraction."

#: src/generics/generic-data.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "You can use generics to abstract over the concrete field type:"
msgstr ""
"Vous pouvez utiliser des génériques pour résumer le type de champ concret :"

#: src/generics/generic-data.md
msgid "// fn set_x(&mut self, x: T)\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/generics/generic-data.md
msgid "\"{integer:?} and {float:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/generics/generic-data.md
msgid "\"coords: {:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/generics/generic-data.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"_Q:_ Why `T` is specified twice in `impl<T> Point<T> {}`? Isn't that "
"redundant?"
msgstr ""
"_Q :_ Pourquoi `T` est spécifié deux fois dans `impl<T> Point<T> {}` ? N'est-"
"ce pas redondant ?"

#: src/generics/generic-data.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"This is because it is a generic implementation section for generic type. "
"They are independently generic."
msgstr ""
"C'est parce qu'il s'agit d'une section d'implémentation générique pour le "
"type générique. Ils sont indépendamment génériques."

#: src/generics/generic-data.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "It means these methods are defined for any `T`."
msgstr "Cela signifie que ces méthodes sont définies pour n'importe quel `T`."

#: src/generics/generic-data.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "It is possible to write `impl Point<u32> { .. }`."
msgstr "Il est possible d'écrire `impl Point<u32> { .. }`."

#: src/generics/generic-data.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`Point` is still generic and you can use `Point<f64>`, but methods in this "
"block will only be available for `Point<u32>`."
msgstr ""
"`Point` est toujours générique et vous pouvez utiliser `Point<f64>`, mais "
"les méthodes de ce bloc ne seront disponibles que pour `Point<u32>`."

#: src/generics/generic-data.md
msgid ""
"Try declaring a new variable `let p = Point { x: 5, y: 10.0 };`. Update the "
"code to allow points that have elements of different types, by using two "
"type variables, e.g., `T` and `U`."
msgstr ""

#: src/generics/generic-traits.md
msgid ""
"Traits can also be generic, just like types and functions. A trait's "
"parameters get concrete types when it is used."
msgstr ""

#: src/generics/generic-traits.md
msgid "\"Converted from integer: {from}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/generics/generic-traits.md
msgid "\"Converted from bool: {from}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/generics/generic-traits.md
msgid "\"{from_int:?}, {from_bool:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/generics/generic-traits.md
msgid ""
"The `From` trait will be covered later in the course, but its [definition in "
"the `std` docs](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html) is "
"simple."
msgstr ""

#: src/generics/generic-traits.md
msgid ""
"Implementations of the trait do not need to cover all possible type "
"parameters. Here, `Foo::From(\"hello\")` would not compile because there is "
"no `From<&str>` implementation for `Foo`."
msgstr ""

#: src/generics/generic-traits.md
msgid ""
"Generic traits take types as \"input\", while associated types are a kind of "
"\"output type. A trait can have multiple implementations for different input "
"types."
msgstr ""

#: src/generics/generic-traits.md
msgid ""
"In fact, Rust requires that at most one implementation of a trait match for "
"any type T. Unlike some other languages, Rust has no heuristic for choosing "
"the \"most specific\" match. There is work on adding this support, called "
"[specialization](https://rust-lang.github.io/rfcs/1210-impl-specialization."
"html)."
msgstr ""

#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"When working with generics, you often want to require the types to implement "
"some trait, so that you can call this trait's methods."
msgstr ""
"Lorsque vous travaillez avec des génériques, vous souhaitez souvent exiger "
"que les types implémentent un trait, afin que vous puissiez appeler les "
"méthodes de ce trait."

#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "You can do this with `T: Trait` or `impl Trait`:"
msgstr "Vous pouvez le faire avec `T: Trait` ou `impl Trait` :"

#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md
msgid "// struct NotClonable;\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md
msgid "\"{pair:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md
msgid "Try making a `NonClonable` and passing it to `duplicate`."
msgstr ""

#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md
msgid "When multiple traits are necessary, use `+` to join them."
msgstr ""

#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Show a `where` clause, students will encounter it when reading code."
msgstr ""
"Montrez une clause \"où\", les étudiants la rencontreront lors de la lecture "
"du code."

#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "It declutters the function signature if you have many parameters."
msgstr ""
"Cela désencombre la signature de la fonction si vous avez beaucoup de "
"paramètres."

#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "It has additional features making it more powerful."
msgstr "Il a des fonctionnalités supplémentaires qui le rendent plus puissant."

#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"If someone asks, the extra feature is that the type on the left of \":\" can "
"be arbitrary, like `Option<T>`."
msgstr ""
"Si quelqu'un demande, la fonctionnalité supplémentaire est que le type à "
"gauche de \":\" peut être arbitraire, comme `Option<T>`."

#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md
msgid ""
"Note that Rust does not (yet) support specialization. For example, given the "
"original `duplicate`, it is invalid to add a specialized `duplicate(a: u32)`."
msgstr ""

#: src/generics/impl-trait.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Similar to trait bounds, an `impl Trait` syntax can be used in function "
"arguments and return values:"
msgstr ""
"Semblable aux limites de trait, une syntaxe `impl Trait` peut être utilisée "
"dans la fonction arguments et valeurs de retour :"

#: src/generics/impl-trait.md
msgid ""
"// Syntactic sugar for:\n"
"//   fn add_42_millions<T: Into<i32>>(x: T) -> i32 {\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/generics/impl-trait.md
msgid "\"{many}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/generics/impl-trait.md
msgid "\"{many_more}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/generics/impl-trait.md
msgid "\"debuggable: {debuggable:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/generics/impl-trait.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`impl Trait` allows you to work with types which you cannot name. The "
"meaning of `impl Trait` is a bit different in the different positions."
msgstr ""
"La signification de `impl Trait` est un peu différente dans les différentes "
"positions."

#: src/generics/impl-trait.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"For a parameter, `impl Trait` is like an anonymous generic parameter with a "
"trait bound."
msgstr ""
"Pour un paramètre, `impl Trait` est comme un paramètre générique anonyme "
"avec un trait lié."

#: src/generics/impl-trait.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"For a return type, it means that the return type is some concrete type that "
"implements the trait, without naming the type. This can be useful when you "
"don't want to expose the concrete type in a public API."
msgstr ""
"Pour un type de retour, cela signifie que le type de retour est un type "
"concret qui implémente le trait, sans nommer le type. Cela peut être utile "
"lorsque vous ne souhaitez pas exposer le type concret dans un API publique."

#: src/generics/impl-trait.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Inference is hard in return position. A function returning `impl Foo` picks "
"the concrete type it returns, without writing it out in the source. A "
"function returning a generic type like `collect<B>() -> B` can return any "
"type satisfying `B`, and the caller may need to choose one, such as with "
"`let x: Vec<_> = foo.collect()` or with the turbofish, `foo.collect::"
"<Vec<_>>()`."
msgstr ""
"L'inférence est difficile en position de retour. Une fonction renvoyant "
"`impl Foo` sélectionne le type concret qu'il renvoie, sans l'écrire dans la "
"source. Une fonction retourner un type générique comme `collect<B>() -> B` "
"peut retourner n'importe quel type satisfaisant `B`, et l'appelant peut "
"avoir besoin d'en choisir un, comme avec `let x : Vec<_> = foo.collect()` ou "
"avec le turbofish, `foo.collect ::<Vec<_>>()`."

#: src/generics/impl-trait.md
msgid ""
"What is the type of `debuggable`? Try `let debuggable: () = ..` to see what "
"the error message shows."
msgstr ""

#: src/generics/exercise.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"In this short exercise, you will implement a generic `min` function that "
"determines the minimum of two values, using the [`Ord`](https://doc.rust-"
"lang.org/stable/std/cmp/trait.Ord.html) trait."
msgstr ""
"Vous pouvez implémenter le trait [`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/"
"iter/trait.Iterator.html) sur vos propres types :"

#: src/generics/exercise.md
msgid "// TODO: implement the `min` function used in `main`.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/generics/exercise.md src/generics/solution.md
#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md
msgid "'z'"
msgstr ""

#: src/generics/exercise.md src/generics/solution.md
msgid "'7'"
msgstr ""

#: src/generics/exercise.md src/generics/solution.md
msgid "'1'"
msgstr ""

#: src/generics/exercise.md src/generics/solution.md
msgid "\"goodbye\""
msgstr ""

#: src/generics/exercise.md src/generics/solution.md
msgid "\"bat\""
msgstr ""

#: src/generics/exercise.md src/generics/solution.md
msgid "\"armadillo\""
msgstr ""

#: src/generics/exercise.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Show students the [`Ord`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/cmp/trait.Ord."
"html) trait and [`Ordering`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/cmp/enum."
"Ordering.html) enum."
msgstr ""
"[`Read`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Read.html) et [`Write`]"
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Write.html) utilisés pour IO,"

#: src/std-types.md
msgid ""
"For each of the slides in this section, spend some time reviewing the "
"documentation pages, highlighting some of the more common methods."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/std.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Rust comes with a standard library which helps establish a set of common "
"types used by Rust libraries and programs. This way, two libraries can work "
"together smoothly because they both use the same `String` type."
msgstr ""
"Rust est livré avec une bibliothèque standard qui permet d'établir un "
"ensemble de types communs utilisé par la bibliothèque et les programmes "
"Rust. De cette façon, deux bibliothèques peuvent travailler ensemble en "
"douceur car ils utilisent tous les deux le même type `String`."

#: src/std-types/std.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"In fact, Rust contains several layers of the Standard Library: `core`, "
"`alloc` and `std`."
msgstr ""
"En fait, Rust contient plusieurs couches de la bibliothèque standard : "
"`core`, `alloc` et `std`."

#: src/std-types/std.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`core` includes the most basic types and functions that don't depend on "
"`libc`, allocator or even the presence of an operating system."
msgstr ""
"`core` inclut les types et fonctions les plus basiques qui ne dépendent pas "
"de `libc`, de l'allocateur ou même la présence d'un système d'exploitation."

#: src/std-types/std.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`alloc` includes types which require a global heap allocator, such as `Vec`, "
"`Box` and `Arc`."
msgstr ""
"`alloc` inclut les types qui nécessitent un allocateur de tas global, tels "
"que `Vec`, `Box` et `Arc`."

#: src/std-types/std.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Embedded Rust applications often only use `core`, and sometimes `alloc`."
msgstr ""
"Les applications Embedded Rust n'utilisent souvent que \"core\" et parfois "
"\"alloc\"."

#: src/std-types/docs.md
msgid "Rust comes with extensive documentation. For example:"
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/docs.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"All of the details about [loops](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/reference/"
"expressions/loop-expr.html)."
msgstr ""
"Voir la [Rust Reference](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/type-layout."
"html)."

#: src/std-types/docs.md
msgid ""
"Primitive types like [`u8`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/primitive."
"u8.html)."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/docs.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Standard library types like [`Option`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/"
"option/enum.Option.html) or [`BinaryHeap`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/"
"std/collections/struct.BinaryHeap.html)."
msgstr ""
"[`Read`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Read.html) et [`Write`]"
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Write.html) utilisés pour IO,"

#: src/std-types/docs.md
msgid "In fact, you can document your own code:"
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/docs.md
msgid ""
"/// Determine whether the first argument is divisible by the second "
"argument.\n"
"///\n"
"/// If the second argument is zero, the result is false.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/docs.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The contents are treated as Markdown. All published Rust library crates are "
"automatically documented at [`docs.rs`](https://docs.rs) using the [rustdoc]"
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/rustdoc/what-is-rustdoc.html) tool. It is "
"idiomatic to document all public items in an API using this pattern."
msgstr ""
"Le contenu est traité comme Markdown. Toutes les caisses de bibliothèque "
"Rust publiées sont automatiquement documenté sur [`docs.rs`](https://docs."
"rs) en utilisant le [rustdoc](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rustdoc/what-is-"
"rustdoc.html). C'est idiomatic pour documenter tous les éléments publics "
"dans une API utilisant ce modèle."

#: src/std-types/docs.md
msgid ""
"To document an item from inside the item (such as inside a module), use `//!"
"` or `/*! .. */`, called \"inner doc comments\":"
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/docs.md
msgid ""
"//! This module contains functionality relating to divisibility of "
"integers.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/docs.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Show students the generated docs for the `rand` crate at <https://docs.rs/"
"rand>."
msgstr ""
"Montrez aux élèves les documents générés pour la caisse \"rand\" sur [`docs."
"rs/rand`](https://docs.rs/rand)."

#: src/std-types/option.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Option"
msgstr "Exceptions"

#: src/std-types/option.md
msgid ""
"We have already seen some use of `Option<T>`. It stores either a value of "
"type `T` or nothing. For example, [`String::find`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/"
"stable/std/string/struct.String.html#method.find) returns an `Option<usize>`."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/option.md
msgid "\"Löwe 老虎 Léopard Gepardi\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/option.md
msgid "'é'"
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/option.md
msgid "\"find returned {position:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/option.md
msgid "'Z'"
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/option.md
msgid "\"Character not found\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/option.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`Option` is widely used, not just in the standard library."
msgstr ""
"`Option` et `Result` sont largement utilisés, pas seulement dans la "
"bibliothèque standard."

#: src/std-types/option.md
msgid ""
"`unwrap` will return the value in an `Option`, or panic. `expect` is similar "
"but takes an error message."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/option.md
msgid ""
"You can panic on None, but you can't \"accidentally\" forget to check for "
"None."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/option.md
msgid ""
"It's common to `unwrap`/`expect` all over the place when hacking something "
"together, but production code typically handles `None` in a nicer fashion."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/option.md
msgid ""
"The niche optimization means that `Option<T>` often has the same size in "
"memory as `T`."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/result.md
msgid "Result"
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/result.md
msgid ""
"`Result` is similar to `Option`, but indicates the success or failure of an "
"operation, each with a different type. This is similar to the `Res` defined "
"in the expression exercise, but generic: `Result<T, E>` where `T` is used in "
"the `Ok` variant and `E` appears in the `Err` variant."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/result.md
msgid "\"diary.txt\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/result.md
msgid "\"Dear diary: {contents} ({bytes} bytes)\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/result.md
msgid "\"Could not read file content\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/result.md
msgid "\"The diary could not be opened: {err}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/result.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"As with `Option`, the successful value sits inside of `Result`, forcing the "
"developer to explicitly extract it. This encourages error checking. In the "
"case where an error should never happen, `unwrap()` or `expect()` can be "
"called, and this is a signal of the developer intent too."
msgstr ""
"Comme pour `Option`, la valeur réussie se trouve à l'intérieur de `Result`, "
"obligeant le développeur à l'extraire explicitement. Cela encourage la "
"vérification des erreurs. Dans le cas où une erreur ne devrait jamais se "
"produire, `unwrap()` ou `expect()` peut être appelé, et c'est aussi un "
"signal de l'intention du développeur."

#: src/std-types/result.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`Result` documentation is a recommended read. Not during the course, but it "
"is worth mentioning. It contains a lot of convenience methods and functions "
"that help functional-style programming."
msgstr ""
"La documentation `Result` est une lecture recommandée. Pas pendant le cours, "
"mais cela vaut la peine d'être mentionné. Il contient de nombreuses méthodes "
"et fonctions pratiques qui facilitent la programmation de style fonctionnel."

#: src/std-types/result.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`Result` is the standard type to implement error handling as we will see on "
"Day 4."
msgstr ""
"`Result` est le type standard pour implémenter la gestion des erreurs, comme "
"nous le verrons le jour 3."

#: src/std-types/string.md
msgid "String"
msgstr "String"

#: src/std-types/string.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"[`String`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/struct.String.html) is the "
"standard heap-allocated growable UTF-8 string buffer:"
msgstr ""
"[`String`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/struct.String.html) est le "
"tampon de chaîne UTF-8 évolutif standard alloué par tas :"

#: src/std-types/string.md src/std-traits/read-and-write.md
#: src/memory-management/review.md src/testing/unit-tests.md
#: src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md
msgid "\"Hello\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/string.md
msgid "\"s1: len = {}, capacity = {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/string.md
msgid "'!'"
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/string.md
msgid "\"s2: len = {}, capacity = {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/string.md
msgid "\"🇨🇭\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/string.md
msgid "\"s3: len = {}, number of chars = {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/string.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`String` implements [`Deref<Target = str>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/"
"string/struct.String.html#deref-methods-str), which means that you can call "
"all `str` methods on a `String`."
msgstr ""
"`String` implémente [`Deref<Target = str>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/"
"string/struct.String.html#deref-methods-str), ce qui signifie que vous "
"pouvez appeler tous Méthodes `str` sur une `String`."

#: src/std-types/string.md
msgid ""
"`String::new` returns a new empty string, use `String::with_capacity` when "
"you know how much data you want to push to the string."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/string.md
msgid ""
"`String::len` returns the size of the `String` in bytes (which can be "
"different from its length in characters)."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/string.md
msgid ""
"`String::chars` returns an iterator over the actual characters. Note that a "
"`char` can be different from what a human will consider a \"character\" due "
"to [grapheme clusters](https://docs.rs/unicode-segmentation/latest/"
"unicode_segmentation/struct.Graphemes.html)."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/string.md
msgid ""
"When people refer to strings they could either be talking about `&str` or "
"`String`."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/string.md
msgid ""
"When a type implements `Deref<Target = T>`, the compiler will let you "
"transparently call methods from `T`."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/string.md
msgid ""
"We haven't discussed the `Deref` trait yet, so at this point this mostly "
"explains the structure of the sidebar in the documentation."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/string.md
msgid ""
"`String` implements `Deref<Target = str>` which transparently gives it "
"access to `str`'s methods."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/string.md
msgid "Write and compare `let s3 = s1.deref();` and `let s3 = &*s1;`."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/string.md
msgid ""
"`String` is implemented as a wrapper around a vector of bytes, many of the "
"operations you see supported on vectors are also supported on `String`, but "
"with some extra guarantees."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/string.md
msgid "Compare the different ways to index a `String`:"
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/string.md
msgid ""
"To a character by using `s3.chars().nth(i).unwrap()` where `i` is in-bound, "
"out-of-bounds."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/string.md
msgid ""
"To a substring by using `s3[0..4]`, where that slice is on character "
"boundaries or not."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/string.md
msgid ""
"Many types can be converted to a string with the [`to_string`](https://doc."
"rust-lang.org/std/string/trait.ToString.html#tymethod.to_string) method. "
"This trait is automatically implemented for all types that implement "
"`Display`, so anything that can be formatted can also be converted to a "
"string."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/vec.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"[`Vec`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec.html) is the standard "
"resizable heap-allocated buffer:"
msgstr ""
"[`Vec`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec.html) est le tampon "
"standard redimensionnable alloué au tas :"

#: src/std-types/vec.md
msgid "\"v1: len = {}, capacity = {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/vec.md
msgid "\"v2: len = {}, capacity = {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/vec.md
msgid "// Canonical macro to initialize a vector with elements.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/vec.md
msgid "// Retain only the even elements.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/vec.md
msgid "\"{v3:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/vec.md
msgid "// Remove consecutive duplicates.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/vec.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`Vec` implements [`Deref<Target = [T]>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/"
"struct.Vec.html#deref-methods-%5BT%5D), which means that you can call slice "
"methods on a `Vec`."
msgstr ""
"`Vec` implémente [`Deref<Target = [T]>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/"
"struct.Vec.html#deref-methods-%5BT%5D), ce qui signifie que vous pouvez "
"appeler slice méthodes sur un `Vec`."

#: src/std-types/vec.md
msgid ""
"`Vec` is a type of collection, along with `String` and `HashMap`. The data "
"it contains is stored on the heap. This means the amount of data doesn't "
"need to be known at compile time. It can grow or shrink at runtime."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/vec.md
msgid ""
"Notice how `Vec<T>` is a generic type too, but you don't have to specify `T` "
"explicitly. As always with Rust type inference, the `T` was established "
"during the first `push` call."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/vec.md
msgid ""
"`vec![...]` is a canonical macro to use instead of `Vec::new()` and it "
"supports adding initial elements to the vector."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/vec.md
msgid ""
"To index the vector you use `[` `]`, but they will panic if out of bounds. "
"Alternatively, using `get` will return an `Option`. The `pop` function will "
"remove the last element."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/vec.md
msgid ""
"Slices are covered on day 3. For now, students only need to know that a "
"value of type `Vec` gives access to all of the documented slice methods, too."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Standard hash map with protection against HashDoS attacks:"
msgstr ""
"Carte de hachage standard avec protection contre les attaques HashDoS :"

#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
msgid "\"Adventures of Huckleberry Finn\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
msgid "\"Grimms' Fairy Tales\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
msgid "\"Pride and Prejudice\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
msgid "\"Les Misérables\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
msgid "\"We know about {} books, but not Les Misérables.\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
msgid "\"Alice's Adventure in Wonderland\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
msgid "\"{book}: {count} pages\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
msgid "\"{book} is unknown.\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
msgid "// Use the .entry() method to insert a value if nothing is found.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
msgid "\"{page_counts:#?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
msgid ""
"`HashMap` is not defined in the prelude and needs to be brought into scope."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
msgid ""
"Try the following lines of code. The first line will see if a book is in the "
"hashmap and if not return an alternative value. The second line will insert "
"the alternative value in the hashmap if the book is not found."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
msgid "\"Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
msgid "\"The Hunger Games\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
msgid "Unlike `vec!`, there is unfortunately no standard `hashmap!` macro."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
msgid ""
"Although, since Rust 1.56, HashMap implements [`From<[(K, V); N]>`](https://"
"doc.rust-lang.org/std/collections/hash_map/struct.HashMap.html#impl-"
"From%3C%5B(K,+V);+N%5D%3E-for-HashMap%3CK,+V,+RandomState%3E), which allows "
"us to easily initialize a hash map from a literal array:"
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
msgid ""
"Alternatively HashMap can be built from any `Iterator` which yields key-"
"value tuples."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
msgid ""
"We are showing `HashMap<String, i32>`, and avoid using `&str` as key to make "
"examples easier. Using references in collections can, of course, be done, "
"but it can lead into complications with the borrow checker."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
msgid ""
"Try removing `to_string()` from the example above and see if it still "
"compiles. Where do you think we might run into issues?"
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
msgid ""
"This type has several \"method-specific\" return types, such as `std::"
"collections::hash_map::Keys`. These types often appear in searches of the "
"Rust docs. Show students the docs for this type, and the helpful link back "
"to the `keys` method."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/exercise.md
msgid ""
"In this exercise you will take a very simple data structure and make it "
"generic. It uses a [`std::collections::HashMap`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/"
"stable/std/collections/struct.HashMap.html) to keep track of which values "
"have been seen and how many times each one has appeared."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/exercise.md
msgid ""
"The initial version of `Counter` is hard coded to only work for `u32` "
"values. Make the struct and its methods generic over the type of value being "
"tracked, that way `Counter` can track any type of value."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/exercise.md
msgid ""
"If you finish early, try using the [`entry`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/"
"stable/std/collections/struct.HashMap.html#method.entry) method to halve the "
"number of hash lookups required to implement the `count` method."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/exercise.md src/std-types/solution.md
msgid ""
"/// Counter counts the number of times each value of type T has been seen.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/exercise.md src/std-types/solution.md
msgid "/// Create a new Counter.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/exercise.md src/std-types/solution.md
msgid "/// Count an occurrence of the given value.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/exercise.md src/std-types/solution.md
msgid "/// Return the number of times the given value has been seen.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/exercise.md src/std-types/solution.md
msgid "\"saw {} values equal to {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/exercise.md src/std-types/solution.md
msgid "\"apple\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/exercise.md src/std-types/solution.md
msgid "\"orange\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-types/exercise.md src/std-types/solution.md
msgid "\"got {} apples\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits.md
msgid ""
"As with the standard-library types, spend time reviewing the documentation "
"for each trait."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits.md
msgid "This section is long. Take a break midway through."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/comparisons.md
msgid ""
"These traits support comparisons between values. All traits can be derived "
"for types containing fields that implement these traits."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/comparisons.md
msgid "`PartialEq` and `Eq`"
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/comparisons.md
msgid ""
"`PartialEq` is a partial equivalence relation, with required method `eq` and "
"provided method `ne`. The `==` and `!=` operators will call these methods."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/comparisons.md
msgid ""
"`Eq` is a full equivalence relation (reflexive, symmetric, and transitive) "
"and implies `PartialEq`. Functions that require full equivalence will use "
"`Eq` as a trait bound."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/comparisons.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`PartialOrd` and `Ord`"
msgstr "`Lire` et `Ecrire`"

#: src/std-traits/comparisons.md
msgid ""
"`PartialOrd` defines a partial ordering, with a `partial_cmp` method. It is "
"used to implement the `<`, `<=`, `>=`, and `>` operators."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/comparisons.md
msgid "`Ord` is a total ordering, with `cmp` returning `Ordering`."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/comparisons.md
msgid ""
"`PartialEq` can be implemented between different types, but `Eq` cannot, "
"because it is reflexive:"
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/comparisons.md
msgid ""
"In practice, it's common to derive these traits, but uncommon to implement "
"them."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/operators.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Operator overloading is implemented via traits in [`std::ops`](https://doc."
"rust-lang.org/std/ops/index.html):"
msgstr ""
"La surcharge d'opérateur est implémentée via des traits dans [`std::ops`]"
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/index.html) :"

#: src/std-traits/operators.md
msgid "\"{:?} + {:?} = {:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/operators.md src/memory-management/drop.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Discussion points:"
msgstr "Points de discussion:"

#: src/std-traits/operators.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"You could implement `Add` for `&Point`. In which situations is that useful?"
msgstr ""
"Vous pouvez implémenter `Add` pour `&Point`. Dans quelles situations est-ce "
"utile ?"

#: src/std-traits/operators.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Answer: `Add:add` consumes `self`. If type `T` for which you are overloading "
"the operator is not `Copy`, you should consider overloading the operator for "
"`&T` as well. This avoids unnecessary cloning on the call site."
msgstr ""
"Réponse : `Add:add` consomme `self`. Si tapez `T` pour lequel vous êtes la "
"surcharge de l'opérateur n'est pas `Copy`, vous devriez envisager de "
"surcharger l'opérateur pour `&T` également. Cela évite un clonage inutile "
"sur le site d'appel. \\* Pourquoi `Output` est-il un type associé ? Pourrait-"
"il en faire un paramètre de type?"

#: src/std-traits/operators.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Why is `Output` an associated type? Could it be made a type parameter of the "
"method?"
msgstr ""
"Réponse courte : les paramètres de type sont contrôlés par l'appelant, mais "
"les types associés (comme `Output`) sont contrôlés par l'implémenteur d'un "
"trait."

#: src/std-traits/operators.md
msgid ""
"Short answer: Function type parameters are controlled by the caller, but "
"associated types (like `Output`) are controlled by the implementer of a "
"trait."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/operators.md
msgid ""
"You could implement `Add` for two different types, e.g. `impl Add<(i32, "
"i32)> for Point` would add a tuple to a `Point`."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/from-and-into.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Types implement [`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From."
"html) and [`Into`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) to "
"facilitate type conversions:"
msgstr ""
"Les types implémentent [`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait."
"From.html) et [`Into`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into."
"html) pour faciliter les conversions de type :"

#: src/std-traits/from-and-into.md
msgid "\"{s}, {addr}, {one}, {bigger}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/from-and-into.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"[`Into`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) is "
"automatically implemented when [`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/"
"convert/trait.From.html) is implemented:"
msgstr ""
"[`Into`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) est "
"automatiquement implémenté lorsque [`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/"
"convert/trait.From.html) est implémenté :"

#: src/std-traits/from-and-into.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"That's why it is common to only implement `From`, as your type will get "
"`Into` implementation too."
msgstr ""
"C'est pourquoi il est courant de n'implémenter que `From`, car votre type "
"recevra également l'implémentation `Into`."

#: src/std-traits/from-and-into.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"When declaring a function argument input type like \"anything that can be "
"converted into a `String`\", the rule is opposite, you should use `Into`. "
"Your function will accept types that implement `From` and those that _only_ "
"implement `Into`."
msgstr ""
"Lors de la déclaration d'un type d'entrée d'argument de fonction comme "
"\"tout ce qui peut être converti en `String`\", la règle est opposée, vous "
"devez utiliser `Into`. Votre fonction acceptera les types qui implémentent "
"`From` et ceux qui implémentent _uniquement_ `Into`."

#: src/std-traits/casting.md
msgid ""
"Rust has no _implicit_ type conversions, but does support explicit casts "
"with `as`. These generally follow C semantics where those are defined."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/casting.md
msgid "\"as u16: {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/casting.md
msgid "\"as i16: {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/casting.md
msgid "\"as u8: {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/casting.md
msgid ""
"The results of `as` are _always_ defined in Rust and consistent across "
"platforms. This might not match your intuition for changing sign or casting "
"to a smaller type -- check the docs, and comment for clarity."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/casting.md
msgid ""
"Casting with `as` is a relatively sharp tool that is easy to use "
"incorrectly, and can be a source of subtle bugs as future maintenance work "
"changes the types that are used or the ranges of values in types. Casts are "
"best used only when the intent is to indicate unconditional truncation (e.g. "
"selecting the bottom 32 bits of a `u64` with `as u32`, regardless of what "
"was in the high bits)."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/casting.md
msgid ""
"For infallible casts (e.g. `u32` to `u64`), prefer using `From` or `Into` "
"over `as` to confirm that the cast is in fact infallible. For fallible "
"casts, `TryFrom` and `TryInto` are available when you want to handle casts "
"that fit differently from those that don't."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/casting.md
msgid "Consider taking a break after this slide."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/casting.md
msgid ""
"`as` is similar to a C++ static cast. Use of `as` in cases where data might "
"be lost is generally discouraged, or at least deserves an explanatory "
"comment."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/casting.md
msgid "This is common in casting integers to `usize` for use as an index."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Using [`Read`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Read.html) and "
"[`BufRead`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.BufRead.html), you can "
"abstract over `u8` sources:"
msgstr ""
"En utilisant [`Read`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Read.html) et "
"[`BufRead`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.BufRead.html), vous "
"pouvez résumer les sources `u8` :"

#: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md
msgid "b\"foo\\nbar\\nbaz\\n\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md
msgid "\"lines in slice: {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md
msgid "\"lines in file: {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Similarly, [`Write`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Write.html) lets "
"you abstract over `u8` sinks:"
msgstr ""
"De même, [`Write`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Write.html) vous "
"permet d'abstraire les puits `u8` :"

#: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md
msgid "\"\\n\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md
msgid "\"Logged: {:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/default.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "The `Default` Trait"
msgstr "Le trait \"par défaut\""

#: src/std-traits/default.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"[`Default`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/default/trait.Default.html) trait "
"produces a default value for a type."
msgstr ""
"[`Default`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/default/trait.Default.html) trait "
"fournit une implémentation par défaut d'un trait."

#: src/std-traits/default.md
msgid "\"John Smith\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/default.md
msgid "\"{default_struct:#?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/default.md
msgid "\"Y is set!\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/default.md
msgid "\"{almost_default_struct:#?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/default.md src/lifetimes/exercise.md
#: src/lifetimes/solution.md
msgid "\"{:#?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/default.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"It can be implemented directly or it can be derived via `#[derive(Default)]`."
msgstr ""
"Il peut être implémenté directement ou il peut être dérivé via "
"`#[derive(Default)]`."

#: src/std-traits/default.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"A derived implementation will produce a value where all fields are set to "
"their default values."
msgstr ""
"L'implémentation dérivée produira une instance où tous les champs sont "
"définis sur leurs valeurs par défaut."

#: src/std-traits/default.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "This means all types in the struct must implement `Default` too."
msgstr ""
"Cela signifie que tous les types de la structure doivent également "
"implémenter `Default`."

#: src/std-traits/default.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Standard Rust types often implement `Default` with reasonable values (e.g. "
"`0`, `\"\"`, etc)."
msgstr ""
"Les types Rust standard implémentent souvent `Default` avec des valeurs "
"raisonnables (par exemple `0`, `\"\"`, etc.)."

#: src/std-traits/default.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "The partial struct initialization works nicely with default."
msgstr ""
"La copie de structure partielle fonctionne bien avec la valeur par défaut."

#: src/std-traits/default.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The Rust standard library is aware that types can implement `Default` and "
"provides convenience methods that use it."
msgstr ""
"La bibliothèque standard Rust est consciente que les types peuvent "
"implémenter `Default` et fournit des méthodes pratiques qui l'utilisent."

#: src/std-traits/default.md
msgid ""
"The `..` syntax is called [struct update syntax](https://doc.rust-lang.org/"
"book/ch05-01-defining-structs.html#creating-instances-from-other-instances-"
"with-struct-update-syntax)."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/closures.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Closures or lambda expressions have types which cannot be named. However, "
"they implement special [`Fn`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Fn."
"html), [`FnMut`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.FnMut.html), and "
"[`FnOnce`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.FnOnce.html) traits:"
msgstr ""
"Les fermetures ou les expressions lambda ont des types qui ne peuvent pas "
"être nommés. Cependant, ils implémenter [`Fn`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/"
"ops/trait.Fn.html) spécial, [`FnMut`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/"
"trait.FnMut.html), et [`FnOnce`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait."
"FnOnce.html) :"

#: src/std-traits/closures.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "\"Calling function on {input}\""
msgstr "Appel de fonctions non sécurisées"

#: src/std-traits/closures.md
msgid "\"add_3: {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/closures.md
msgid "\"accumulate: {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/closures.md
msgid "\"multiply_sum: {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/closures.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"An `Fn` (e.g. `add_3`) neither consumes nor mutates captured values, or "
"perhaps captures nothing at all. It can be called multiple times "
"concurrently."
msgstr ""
"Un `Fn` ne consomme ni ne modifie les valeurs capturées, ou peut-être ne "
"capture rien du tout, il peut donc être appelé plusieurs fois simultanément."

#: src/std-traits/closures.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"An `FnMut` (e.g. `accumulate`) might mutate captured values. You can call it "
"multiple times, but not concurrently."
msgstr ""
"Un `FnMut` peut faire muter les valeurs capturées, vous pouvez donc "
"l'appeler plusieurs fois mais pas simultanément."

#: src/std-traits/closures.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"If you have an `FnOnce` (e.g. `multiply_sum`), you may only call it once. It "
"might consume captured values."
msgstr ""
"Si vous avez un \"FnOnce\", vous ne pouvez l'appeler qu'une seule fois. Cela "
"peut consommer des valeurs capturées."

#: src/std-traits/closures.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`FnMut` is a subtype of `FnOnce`. `Fn` is a subtype of `FnMut` and `FnOnce`. "
"I.e. you can use an `FnMut` wherever an `FnOnce` is called for, and you can "
"use an `Fn` wherever an `FnMut` or `FnOnce` is called for."
msgstr ""
"`FnMut` est un sous-type de `FnOnce`. `Fn` est un sous-type de `FnMut` et "
"`FnOnce`. C'est à dire. vous pouvez utiliser un `FnMut` partout où un "
"`FnOnce` est appelé, et vous pouvez utiliser un `Fn` partout où un `FnMut` "
"ou `FnOnce` est réclamé."

#: src/std-traits/closures.md
msgid ""
"When you define a function that takes a closure, you should take `FnOnce` if "
"you can (i.e. you call it once), or `FnMut` else, and last `Fn`. This allows "
"the most flexibility for the caller."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/closures.md
msgid ""
"In contrast, when you have a closure, the most flexible you can have is `Fn` "
"(it can be passed everywhere), then `FnMut`, and lastly `FnOnce`."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/closures.md
msgid ""
"The compiler also infers `Copy` (e.g. for `add_3`) and `Clone` (e.g. "
"`multiply_sum`), depending on what the closure captures."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/closures.md
msgid ""
"By default, closures will capture by reference if they can. The `move` "
"keyword makes them capture by value."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/closures.md src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md
msgid "\"{} {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/closures.md
msgid "\"Hi\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/closures.md
msgid "\"Greg\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/exercise.md
msgid ""
"In this example, you will implement the classic [\"ROT13\" cipher](https://"
"en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROT13). Copy this code to the playground, and "
"implement the missing bits. Only rotate ASCII alphabetic characters, to "
"ensure the result is still valid UTF-8."
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/exercise.md
msgid "// Implement the `Read` trait for `RotDecoder`.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/exercise.md src/std-traits/solution.md
msgid "\"Gb trg gb gur bgure fvqr!\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/exercise.md src/std-traits/solution.md
msgid "\"To get to the other side!\""
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/exercise.md
msgid ""
"What happens if you chain two `RotDecoder` instances together, each rotating "
"by 13 characters?"
msgstr ""

#: src/std-traits/solution.md
msgid "'A'"
msgstr ""

#: src/welcome-day-3.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Welcome to Day 3"
msgstr "Bienvenue au jour 3"

#: src/welcome-day-3.md
msgid "Today, we will cover:"
msgstr ""

#: src/welcome-day-3.md
msgid ""
"Memory management, lifetimes, and the borrow checker: how Rust ensures "
"memory safety."
msgstr ""

#: src/welcome-day-3.md
msgid "Smart pointers: standard library pointer types."
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/review.md
msgid "Programs allocate memory in two ways:"
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/review.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Stack: Continuous area of memory for local variables."
msgstr "Pile : Zone continue de mémoire pour les variables locales."

#: src/memory-management/review.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Values have fixed sizes known at compile time."
msgstr "Les valeurs ont des tailles fixes connues au moment de la compilation."

#: src/memory-management/review.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Extremely fast: just move a stack pointer."
msgstr "Extrêmement rapide : il suffit de déplacer un pointeur de pile."

#: src/memory-management/review.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Easy to manage: follows function calls."
msgstr "Facile à gérer : suit les appels de fonction."

#: src/memory-management/review.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Great memory locality."
msgstr "Grande localité de mémoire."

#: src/memory-management/review.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Heap: Storage of values outside of function calls."
msgstr "Heap : Stockage de valeurs en dehors des appels de fonction."

#: src/memory-management/review.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Values have dynamic sizes determined at runtime."
msgstr ""
"Les valeurs ont des tailles dynamiques déterminées au moment de l'exécution."

#: src/memory-management/review.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Slightly slower than the stack: some book-keeping needed."
msgstr ""
"Légèrement plus lent que la pile : une certaine comptabilité est nécessaire."

#: src/memory-management/review.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "No guarantee of memory locality."
msgstr "Aucune garantie de localisation de la mémoire."

#: src/memory-management/review.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Creating a `String` puts fixed-sized metadata on the stack and dynamically "
"sized data, the actual string, on the heap:"
msgstr ""
"La création d'une \"chaîne\" place des données de taille fixe sur la pile et "
"dimensionnées dynamiquement données sur le tas :"

#: src/memory-management/review.md
msgid ""
"Mention that a `String` is backed by a `Vec`, so it has a capacity and "
"length and can grow if mutable via reallocation on the heap."
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/review.md
msgid ""
"If students ask about it, you can mention that the underlying memory is heap "
"allocated using the [System Allocator](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/alloc/"
"struct.System.html) and custom allocators can be implemented using the "
"[Allocator API](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/alloc/index.html)"
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/review.md
msgid ""
"We can inspect the memory layout with `unsafe` Rust. However, you should "
"point out that this is rightfully unsafe!"
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/review.md src/testing/unit-tests.md
msgid "' '"
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/review.md
msgid "\"world\""
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/review.md
msgid ""
"// DON'T DO THIS AT HOME! For educational purposes only.\n"
"    // String provides no guarantees about its layout, so this could lead "
"to\n"
"    // undefined behavior.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/review.md
msgid "\"capacity = {capacity}, ptr = {ptr:#x}, len = {len}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/approaches.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Traditionally, languages have fallen into two broad categories:"
msgstr ""
"Traditionnellement, les langues se répartissent en deux grandes catégories :"

#: src/memory-management/approaches.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Full control via manual memory management: C, C++, Pascal, ..."
msgstr ""
"Contrôle total via la gestion manuelle de la mémoire : C, C++, Pascal, ..."

#: src/memory-management/approaches.md
msgid "Programmer decides when to allocate or free heap memory."
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/approaches.md
msgid ""
"Programmer must determine whether a pointer still points to valid memory."
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/approaches.md
msgid "Studies show, programmers make mistakes."
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/approaches.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Full safety via automatic memory management at runtime: Java, Python, Go, "
"Haskell, ..."
msgstr ""
"Sécurité totale via la gestion automatique de la mémoire à l'exécution : "
"Java, Python, Go, Haskell, ..."

#: src/memory-management/approaches.md
msgid ""
"A runtime system ensures that memory is not freed until it can no longer be "
"referenced."
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/approaches.md
msgid ""
"Typically implemented with reference counting, garbage collection, or RAII."
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/approaches.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Rust offers a new mix:"
msgstr "Rust propose un nouveau mix :"

#: src/memory-management/approaches.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Full control _and_ safety via compile time enforcement of correct memory "
"management."
msgstr ""
"Contrôle total * et * sécurité via l'application du temps de compilation de "
"la mémoire correcte gestion."

#: src/memory-management/approaches.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "It does this with an explicit ownership concept."
msgstr "Il le fait avec un concept de propriété explicite."

#: src/memory-management/approaches.md
msgid ""
"This slide is intended to help students coming from other languages to put "
"Rust in context."
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/approaches.md
msgid ""
"C must manage heap manually with `malloc` and `free`. Common errors include "
"forgetting to call `free`, calling it multiple times for the same pointer, "
"or dereferencing a pointer after the memory it points to has been freed."
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/approaches.md
msgid ""
"C++ has tools like smart pointers (`unique_ptr`, `shared_ptr`) that take "
"advantage of language guarantees about calling destructors to ensure memory "
"is freed when a function returns. It is still quite easy to mis-use these "
"tools and create similar bugs to C."
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/approaches.md
msgid ""
"Java, Go, and Python rely on the garbage collector to identify memory that "
"is no longer reachable and discard it. This guarantees that any pointer can "
"be dereferenced, eliminating use-after-free and other classes of bugs. But, "
"GC has a runtime cost and is difficult to tune properly."
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/approaches.md
msgid ""
"Rust's ownership and borrowing model can, in many cases, get the performance "
"of C, with alloc and free operations precisely where they are required -- "
"zero cost. It also provides tools similar to C++'s smart pointers. When "
"required, other options such as reference counting are available, and there "
"are even third-party crates available to support runtime garbage collection "
"(not covered in this class)."
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/ownership.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"All variable bindings have a _scope_ where they are valid and it is an error "
"to use a variable outside its scope:"
msgstr ""
"Toutes les liaisons de variables ont un _scope_ où elles sont valides et "
"c'est une erreur de utiliser une variable en dehors de sa portée :"

#: src/memory-management/ownership.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"We say that the variable _owns_ the value. Every Rust value has precisely "
"one owner at all times."
msgstr "On dit que la variable _possède_ la valeur."

#: src/memory-management/ownership.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"At the end of the scope, the variable is _dropped_ and the data is freed. A "
"destructor can run here to free up resources."
msgstr ""
"A la fin du scope, la variable est _dropped_ et les données sont libérées."

#: src/memory-management/ownership.md
msgid ""
"Students familiar with garbage-collection implementations will know that a "
"garbage collector starts with a set of \"roots\" to find all reachable "
"memory. Rust's \"single owner\" principle is a similar idea."
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/move.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "An assignment will transfer _ownership_ between variables:"
msgstr "Une affectation transférera la propriété entre les variables :"

#: src/memory-management/move.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "\"Hello!\""
msgstr "Bonjour le monde!"

#: src/memory-management/move.md
msgid "// println!(\"s1: {s1}\");\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/move.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "The assignment of `s1` to `s2` transfers ownership."
msgstr "L'affectation de `s1` à `s2` transfère la propriété."

#: src/memory-management/move.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "When `s1` goes out of scope, nothing happens: it does not own anything."
msgstr ""
"Lorsque `s1` sort de la portée, rien ne se passe : il n'a pas de propriété."

#: src/memory-management/move.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "When `s2` goes out of scope, the string data is freed."
msgstr ""
"Lorsque `s2` sort de la portée, les données de la chaîne sont libérées."

#: src/memory-management/move.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Before move to `s2`:"
msgstr "Avant de passer à `s2` :"

#: src/memory-management/move.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "After move to `s2`:"
msgstr "Après le passage à `s2` :"

#: src/memory-management/move.md
msgid ""
"```bob\n"
" Stack                             Heap\n"
".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -.     .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -.\n"
":                           :     :                                     :\n"
":    s1 \"(inaccessible)\"    :     :                                     :\n"
":   +-----------+-------+   :     :   +----+----+----+----+----+----+   :\n"
":   | ptr       |   o---+---+--+--+-->| H  | e  | l  | l  | o  | !  |   :\n"
":   | len       |     6 |   :  |  :   +----+----+----+----+----+----+   :\n"
":   | capacity  |     6 |   :  |  :                                     :\n"
":   +-----------+-------+   :  |  :                                     :\n"
":                           :  |  `- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n"
":    s2                     :  |\n"
":   +-----------+-------+   :  |\n"
":   | ptr       |   o---+---+--'\n"
":   | len       |     6 |   :\n"
":   | capacity  |     6 |   :\n"
":   +-----------+-------+   :\n"
":                           :\n"
"`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n"
"```"
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/move.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"When you pass a value to a function, the value is assigned to the function "
"parameter. This transfers ownership:"
msgstr ""
"Lorsque vous transmettez une valeur à une fonction, la valeur est affectée à "
"la fonction paramètre. Cela transfère la propriété :"

#: src/memory-management/move.md
msgid "\"Hello {name}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/move.md src/android/interoperability/java.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "\"Alice\""
msgstr "Tranches"

#: src/memory-management/move.md
msgid "// say_hello(name);\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/move.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Mention that this is the opposite of the defaults in C++, which copies by "
"value unless you use `std::move` (and the move constructor is defined!)."
msgstr ""
"Mentionnez que c'est l'opposé des valeurs par défaut en C++, qui copie par "
"valeur à moins que vous n'utilisiez `std::move` (et que le constructeur de "
"déplacement soit défini !)."

#: src/memory-management/move.md
msgid ""
"It is only the ownership that moves. Whether any machine code is generated "
"to manipulate the data itself is a matter of optimization, and such copies "
"are aggressively optimized away."
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/move.md
msgid ""
"Simple values (such as integers) can be marked `Copy` (see later slides)."
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/move.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "In Rust, clones are explicit (by using `clone`)."
msgstr "Dans Rust, les clones sont explicites (en utilisant `clone`)."

#: src/memory-management/move.md
msgid "In the `say_hello` example:"
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/move.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"With the first call to `say_hello`, `main` gives up ownership of `name`. "
"Afterwards, `name` cannot be used anymore within `main`."
msgstr ""
"Avec le premier appel à `say_hello`, `main` abandonne la propriété de "
"`name`. Ensuite, `name` ne peut plus être utilisé dans `main`."

#: src/memory-management/move.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The heap memory allocated for `name` will be freed at the end of the "
"`say_hello` function."
msgstr ""
"La mémoire de tas allouée pour `name` sera libérée à la fin de la fonction "
"`say_hello`."

#: src/memory-management/move.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`main` can retain ownership if it passes `name` as a reference (`&name`) and "
"if `say_hello` accepts a reference as a parameter."
msgstr ""
"`main` peut conserver la propriété s'il passe `name` comme référence "
"(`&name`) et si `say_hello` accepte une référence comme paramètre."

#: src/memory-management/move.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Alternatively, `main` can pass a clone of `name` in the first call (`name."
"clone()`)."
msgstr ""
"Alternativement, `main` peut passer un clone de `name` dans le premier appel "
"(`name.clone()`)."

#: src/memory-management/move.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Rust makes it harder than C++ to inadvertently create copies by making move "
"semantics the default, and by forcing programmers to make clones explicit."
msgstr ""
"Rust rend plus difficile que C++ la création de copies par inadvertance en "
"faisant de la sémantique de déplacement la valeur par défaut et en forçant "
"les programmeurs à rendre les clones explicites."

#: src/memory-management/move.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Defensive Copies in Modern C++"
msgstr "Double libération de mémoire en C++ moderne"

#: src/memory-management/move.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Modern C++ solves this differently:"
msgstr "Le C++ moderne résout cela différemment :"

#: src/memory-management/move.md
msgid "\"Cpp\""
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/move.md
msgid "// Duplicate the data in s1.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/move.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The heap data from `s1` is duplicated and `s2` gets its own independent copy."
msgstr ""
"Les données de tas de `s1` sont dupliquées et `s2` obtient sa propre copie "
"indépendante."

#: src/memory-management/move.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "When `s1` and `s2` go out of scope, they each free their own memory."
msgstr ""
"Lorsque `s1` et `s2` sortent de la portée, ils libèrent chacun leur propre "
"mémoire."

#: src/memory-management/move.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Before copy-assignment:"
msgstr "Avant l'affectation de copie :"

#: src/memory-management/move.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "After copy-assignment:"
msgstr "Après l'affectation de copie :"

#: src/memory-management/move.md
msgid ""
"C++ has made a slightly different choice than Rust. Because `=` copies data, "
"the string data has to be cloned. Otherwise we would get a double-free when "
"either string goes out of scope."
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/move.md
msgid ""
"C++ also has [`std::move`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/move), "
"which is used to indicate when a value may be moved from. If the example had "
"been `s2 = std::move(s1)`, no heap allocation would take place. After the "
"move, `s1` would be in a valid but unspecified state. Unlike Rust, the "
"programmer is allowed to keep using `s1`."
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/move.md
msgid ""
"Unlike Rust, `=` in C++ can run arbitrary code as determined by the type "
"which is being copied or moved."
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/clone.md
msgid "Clone"
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/clone.md
msgid ""
"Sometimes you _want_ to make a copy of a value. The `Clone` trait "
"accomplishes this."
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/clone.md
msgid ""
"The idea of `Clone` is to make it easy to spot where heap allocations are "
"occurring. Look for `.clone()` and a few others like `Vec::new` or `Box::"
"new`."
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/clone.md
msgid ""
"It's common to \"clone your way out\" of problems with the borrow checker, "
"and return later to try to optimize those clones away."
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"While move semantics are the default, certain types are copied by default:"
msgstr ""
"Bien que la sémantique de déplacement soit la valeur par défaut, certains "
"types sont copiés par défaut :"

#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "These types implement the `Copy` trait."
msgstr "Ces types implémentent le trait \"Copier\"."

#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "You can opt-in your own types to use copy semantics:"
msgstr ""
"Vous pouvez activer vos propres types pour utiliser la sémantique de copie :"

#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "After the assignment, both `p1` and `p2` own their own data."
msgstr "Après l'affectation, `p1` et `p2` possèdent leurs propres données."

#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "We can also use `p1.clone()` to explicitly copy the data."
msgstr ""
"Nous pouvons également utiliser `p1.clone()` pour copier explicitement les "
"données."

#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Copying and cloning are not the same thing:"
msgstr "La copie et le clonage ne sont pas la même chose :"

#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Copying refers to bitwise copies of memory regions and does not work on "
"arbitrary objects."
msgstr ""
"La copie fait référence aux copies au niveau du bit des régions de mémoire "
"et ne fonctionne pas sur des objets arbitraires."

#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Copying does not allow for custom logic (unlike copy constructors in C++)."
msgstr ""
"La copie ne permet pas de logique personnalisée (contrairement aux "
"constructeurs de copie en C++)."

#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Cloning is a more general operation and also allows for custom behavior by "
"implementing the `Clone` trait."
msgstr ""
"Le clonage est une opération plus générale et permet également un "
"comportement personnalisé en implémentant le trait \"Cloner\"."

#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Copying does not work on types that implement the `Drop` trait."
msgstr ""
"La copie ne fonctionne pas sur les types qui implémentent le trait `Drop`."

#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "In the above example, try the following:"
msgstr "Dans l'exemple ci-dessus, essayez ce qui suit :"

#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Add a `String` field to `struct Point`. It will not compile because `String` "
"is not a `Copy` type."
msgstr ""
"Ajoutez un champ `String` à `struct Point`. Il ne sera pas compilé car "
"`String` n'est pas un type `Copy`."

#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Remove `Copy` from the `derive` attribute. The compiler error is now in the "
"`println!` for `p1`."
msgstr ""
"Supprimer `Copy` de l'attribut `derive`. L'erreur du compilateur est "
"maintenant dans `println!` pour `p1`."

#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Show that it works if you clone `p1` instead."
msgstr "Montrez que cela fonctionne si vous clonez `p1` à la place."

#: src/memory-management/drop.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "The `Drop` Trait"
msgstr "Le trait `Lâcher`"

#: src/memory-management/drop.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Values which implement [`Drop`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Drop."
"html) can specify code to run when they go out of scope:"
msgstr ""
"Les valeurs qui implémentent [`Drop`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/"
"trait.Drop.html) peuvent spécifier le code à exécuter lorsqu'elles sortent "
"de la portée :"

#: src/memory-management/drop.md
msgid "\"Dropping {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/drop.md src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
msgid "\"a\""
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/drop.md src/android/testing/googletest.md
msgid "\"b\""
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/drop.md
msgid "\"c\""
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/drop.md
msgid "\"d\""
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/drop.md
msgid "\"Exiting block B\""
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/drop.md
msgid "\"Exiting block A\""
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/drop.md
msgid "\"Exiting main\""
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/drop.md
msgid "Note that `std::mem::drop` is not the same as `std::ops::Drop::drop`."
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/drop.md
msgid "Values are automatically dropped when they go out of scope."
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/drop.md
msgid ""
"When a value is dropped, if it implements `std::ops::Drop` then its `Drop::"
"drop` implementation will be called."
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/drop.md
msgid ""
"All its fields will then be dropped too, whether or not it implements `Drop`."
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/drop.md
msgid ""
"`std::mem::drop` is just an empty function that takes any value. The "
"significance is that it takes ownership of the value, so at the end of its "
"scope it gets dropped. This makes it a convenient way to explicitly drop "
"values earlier than they would otherwise go out of scope."
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/drop.md
msgid ""
"This can be useful for objects that do some work on `drop`: releasing locks, "
"closing files, etc."
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/drop.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Why doesn't `Drop::drop` take `self`?"
msgstr "Pourquoi `Drop::drop` ne prend-il pas `self` ?"

#: src/memory-management/drop.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Short-answer: If it did, `std::mem::drop` would be called at the end of the "
"block, resulting in another call to `Drop::drop`, and a stack overflow!"
msgstr ""
"Réponse courte : si c'était le cas, `std::mem::drop` serait appelé à la fin "
"de le bloc, résultant en un autre appel à `Drop :: drop`, et une pile "
"débordement!"

#: src/memory-management/drop.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Try replacing `drop(a)` with `a.drop()`."
msgstr "Essayez de remplacer `drop(a)` par `a.drop()`."

#: src/memory-management/exercise.md
msgid ""
"In this example, we will implement a complex data type that owns all of its "
"data. We will use the \"builder pattern\" to support building a new value "
"piece-by-piece, using convenience functions."
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/exercise.md
msgid "Fill in the missing pieces."
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md
msgid "/// A representation of a software package.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md
msgid ""
"/// Return a representation of this package as a dependency, for use in\n"
"    /// building other packages.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/exercise.md
msgid "\"1\""
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md
msgid ""
"/// A builder for a Package. Use `build()` to create the `Package` itself.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/exercise.md
msgid "\"2\""
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md
msgid "/// Set the package version.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md
msgid "/// Set the package authors.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/exercise.md
msgid "\"3\""
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md
msgid "/// Add an additional dependency.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/exercise.md
msgid "\"4\""
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md
msgid "/// Set the language. If not set, language defaults to None.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/exercise.md
msgid "\"5\""
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md
msgid "\"base64\""
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md
msgid "\"0.13\""
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md
msgid "\"base64: {base64:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md
msgid "\"log\""
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md
msgid "\"0.4\""
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md
msgid "\"log: {log:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md
msgid "\"serde\""
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md
msgid "\"djmitche\""
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md
msgid "\"4.0\""
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md
msgid "\"serde: {serde:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/memory-management/solution.md
msgid "\"0.1\""
msgstr ""

#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"[`Box`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/boxed/struct.Box.html) is an owned "
"pointer to data on the heap:"
msgstr ""
"[`Box`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/boxed/struct.Box.html) est un pointeur "
"propriétaire vers des données sur le tas :"

#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
msgid "\"five: {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`Box<T>` implements `Deref<Target = T>`, which means that you can [call "
"methods from `T` directly on a `Box<T>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/"
"trait.Deref.html#more-on-deref-coercion)."
msgstr ""
"`Box<T>` implémente `Deref<Target = T>`, ce qui signifie que vous pouvez "
"[appeler des méthodes depuis `T` directement sur une `Box<T>`](https://doc."
"rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Deref.html#more-on-deref-coercion)."

#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Recursive data types or data types with dynamic sizes need to use a `Box`:"
msgstr ""
"Les types de données récursifs ou les types de données avec des tailles "
"dynamiques doivent utiliser une `Box` :"

#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
msgid "/// A non-empty list: first element and the rest of the list.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
msgid "/// An empty list.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
msgid "\"{list:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
msgid ""
"```bob\n"
" Stack                           Heap\n"
".- - - - - - - - - - - - - - .     .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - "
"- - - - -.\n"
":                            :     :                                                 :\n"
":    "
"list                    :     :                                                 :\n"
":   +---------+----+----+    :     :    +---------+----+----+    +------+----"
"+----+  :\n"
":   | Element | 1  | o--+----+-----+--->| Element | 2  | o--+--->| Nil  | // "
"| // |  :\n"
":   +---------+----+----+    :     :    +---------+----+----+    +------+----"
"+----+  :\n"
":                            :     :                                                 :\n"
":                            :     :                                                 :\n"
"'- - - - - - - - - - - - - - '     '- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - "
"- - - - -'\n"
"```"
msgstr ""

#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`Box` is like `std::unique_ptr` in C++, except that it's guaranteed to be "
"not null."
msgstr ""
"`Box` est comme `std::unique_ptr` en C++, sauf qu'il est garanti qu'il n'est "
"pas nul."

#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "A `Box` can be useful when you:"
msgstr "Une `Box` peut être utile lorsque vous :"

#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"have a type whose size that can't be known at compile time, but the Rust "
"compiler wants to know an exact size."
msgstr ""
"avoir un type dont la taille ne peut pas être connue au moment de la "
"compilation, mais le compilateur Rust veut connaître une taille exacte."

#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"want to transfer ownership of a large amount of data. To avoid copying large "
"amounts of data on the stack, instead store the data on the heap in a `Box` "
"so only the pointer is moved."
msgstr ""
"souhaitez transférer la propriété d'une grande quantité de données. Pour "
"éviter de copier de grandes quantités de données sur la pile, stockez plutôt "
"les données sur le tas dans une `Box` afin que seul le pointeur soit déplacé."

#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"If `Box` was not used and we attempted to embed a `List` directly into the "
"`List`, the compiler would not be able to compute a fixed size for the "
"struct in memory (the `List` would be of infinite size)."
msgstr ""
"Si la `Box` n'a pas été utilisée ici et que nous avons essayé d'intégrer une "
"`List` directement dans la `List`, le compilateur ne calculerait pas une "
"taille fixe de la structure en mémoire, elle semblerait infinie."

#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`Box` solves this problem as it has the same size as a regular pointer and "
"just points at the next element of the `List` in the heap."
msgstr ""
"`Box` résout ce problème car il a la même taille qu'un pointeur normal et "
"pointe simplement vers le prochain élément de la `Liste` dans le tas."

#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Remove the `Box` in the List definition and show the compiler error. We get "
"the message \"recursive without indirection\", because for data recursion, "
"we have to use indirection, a `Box` or reference of some kind, instead of "
"storing the value directly."
msgstr ""
"Supprimez la `Box` dans la définition de la liste et affichez l'erreur du "
"compilateur. \"Récursif avec indirection\" est un indice que vous voudrez "
"peut-être utiliser une boîte ou une référence quelconque, au lieu de stocker "
"une valeur directement."

#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
msgid "Niche Optimization"
msgstr "Optimisation niche"

#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
msgid ""
"Though `Box` looks like `std::unique_ptr` in C++, it cannot be empty/null. "
"This makes `Box` one of the types that allow the compiler to optimize "
"storage of some enums."
msgstr ""

#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
msgid ""
"For example, `Option<Box<T>>` has the same size, as just `Box<T>`, because "
"compiler uses NULL-value to discriminate variants instead of using explicit "
"tag ([\"Null Pointer Optimization\"](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/option/"
"#representation)):"
msgstr ""

#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
msgid "\"Just box\""
msgstr ""

#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "\"Optional box\""
msgstr "Exceptions"

#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
msgid "\"Size of just_box: {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
msgid "\"Size of optional_box: {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
msgid "\"Size of none: {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"[`Rc`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/rc/struct.Rc.html) is a reference-"
"counted shared pointer. Use this when you need to refer to the same data "
"from multiple places:"
msgstr ""
"[`Rc`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/rc/struct.Rc.html) est un pointeur "
"partagé compté par référence. Utilisez-le lorsque vous avez besoin de vous "
"référer aux mêmes données depuis plusieurs endroits :"

#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md
msgid "\"a: {a}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md
msgid "\"b: {b}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"See [`Arc`](../concurrency/shared_state/arc.md) and [`Mutex`](https://doc."
"rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html) if you are in a multi-threaded "
"context."
msgstr ""
"Voir [`Arc`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html) si vous "
"êtes dans un contexte multi-thread."

#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"You can _downgrade_ a shared pointer into a [`Weak`](https://doc.rust-lang."
"org/std/rc/struct.Weak.html) pointer to create cycles that will get dropped."
msgstr ""
"Vous pouvez _rétrograder_ un pointeur partagé en un pointeur [`Weak`]"
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/rc/struct.Weak.html) pour créer des cycles "
"qui va tomber."

#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`Rc`'s count ensures that its contained value is valid for as long as there "
"are references."
msgstr ""
"Le comptage de `Rc` garantit que sa valeur contenue est valide tant qu'il y "
"a des références."

#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`Rc` in Rust is like `std::shared_ptr` in C++."
msgstr "Comme `std::shared_ptr` de C++."

#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`Rc::clone` is cheap: it creates a pointer to the same allocation and "
"increases the reference count. Does not make a deep clone and can generally "
"be ignored when looking for performance issues in code."
msgstr ""
"`clone` est bon marché : il crée un pointeur vers la même allocation et "
"augmente le nombre de références. Ne crée pas de clone profond et peut "
"généralement être ignoré lors de la recherche de problèmes de performances "
"dans le code."

#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`make_mut` actually clones the inner value if necessary (\"clone-on-write\") "
"and returns a mutable reference."
msgstr ""
"`make_mut` clone en fait la valeur interne si nécessaire (\"clone-on-"
"write\") et renvoie une référence mutable."

#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Use `Rc::strong_count` to check the reference count."
msgstr "Utilisez `Rc::strong_count` pour vérifier le nombre de références."

#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`Rc::downgrade` gives you a _weakly reference-counted_ object to create "
"cycles that will be dropped properly (likely in combination with `RefCell`)."
msgstr ""
"Vous pouvez `downgrader()` un `Rc` en un objet _faiblement compté en "
"référence_ pour créer des cycles qui seront supprimés correctement "
"(probablement en combinaison avec `RefCell`)."

#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Trait objects allow for values of different types, for instance in a "
"collection:"
msgstr ""
"Les objets de trait autorisent des valeurs de différents types, par exemple "
"dans une collection :"

#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md
msgid "\"Miau!\""
msgstr ""

#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md
msgid "\"Hello, who are you? {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Memory layout after allocating `pets`:"
msgstr "Disposition de la mémoire après l'allocation de `pets` :"

#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md
msgid ""
"```bob\n"
" Stack                             Heap\n"
".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -.     .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - "
"- -.\n"
":                           :     :                                             :\n"
":    \"pets: Vec<dyn Pet>\"   :     :   \"data: Cat\"         +----+----+----"
"+----+ :\n"
":   +-----------+-------+   :     :  +-------+-------+    | F  | i  | d  | "
"o  | :\n"
":   | ptr       |   o---+---+--.  :  | lives |     9 |    +----+----+----"
"+----+ :\n"
":   | len       |     2 |   :  |  :  +-------+-------+      "
"^                   :\n"
":   | capacity  |     2 |   :  |  :       ^                 "
"|                   :\n"
":   +-----------+-------+   :  |  :       |                 "
"'-------.           :\n"
":                           :  |  :       |               data:"
"\"Dog\"|           :\n"
":                           :  |  :       |              +-------+--|-------"
"+   :\n"
"`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'  |  :   +---|-+-----+      | name  |  o, 4, 4 "
"|   :\n"
"                               `--+-->| o o | o o-|----->| age   |        5 "
"|   :\n"
"                                  :   +-|---+-|---+      +-------+----------"
"+   :\n"
"                                  :     |     "
"|                                 :\n"
"                                  `- - -| - - |- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - "
"- -'\n"
"                                        |     |\n"
"                                        |     |                      "
"\"Program text\"\n"
"                                  .- - -| - - |- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - "
"- -.\n"
"                                  :     |     |       "
"vtable                    :\n"
"                                  :     |     |      +----------------------"
"+   :\n"
"                                  :     |     `----->| \"<Dog as Pet>::"
"talk\" |   :\n"
"                                  :     |            +----------------------"
"+   :\n"
"                                  :     |             "
"vtable                    :\n"
"                                  :     |            +----------------------"
"+   :\n"
"                                  :     '----------->| \"<Cat as Pet>::"
"talk\" |   :\n"
"                                  :                  +----------------------"
"+   :\n"
"                                  :                                             :\n"
"                                  '- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - "
"- -'\n"
"```"
msgstr ""

#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md
msgid ""
"Types that implement a given trait may be of different sizes. This makes it "
"impossible to have things like `Vec<dyn Pet>` in the example above."
msgstr ""

#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md
msgid ""
"`dyn Pet` is a way to tell the compiler about a dynamically sized type that "
"implements `Pet`."
msgstr ""

#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md
msgid ""
"In the example, `pets` is allocated on the stack and the vector data is on "
"the heap. The two vector elements are _fat pointers_:"
msgstr ""

#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md
msgid ""
"A fat pointer is a double-width pointer. It has two components: a pointer to "
"the actual object and a pointer to the [virtual method table](https://en."
"wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_method_table) (vtable) for the `Pet` "
"implementation of that particular object."
msgstr ""

#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md
msgid ""
"The data for the `Dog` named Fido is the `name` and `age` fields. The `Cat` "
"has a `lives` field."
msgstr ""

#: src/smart-pointers/trait-objects.md
msgid "Compare these outputs in the above example:"
msgstr ""

#: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md
msgid ""
"A binary tree is a tree-type data structure where every node has two "
"children (left and right). We will create a tree where each node stores a "
"value. For a given node N, all nodes in a N's left subtree contain smaller "
"values, and all nodes in N's right subtree will contain larger values."
msgstr ""

#: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md
msgid "Implement the following types, so that the given tests pass."
msgstr ""

#: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md
msgid ""
"Extra Credit: implement an iterator over a binary tree that returns the "
"values in order."
msgstr ""

#: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md src/smart-pointers/solution.md
msgid "/// A node in the binary tree.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md src/smart-pointers/solution.md
msgid "/// A possibly-empty subtree.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md src/smart-pointers/solution.md
msgid ""
"/// A container storing a set of values, using a binary tree.\n"
"///\n"
"/// If the same value is added multiple times, it is only stored once.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md
msgid "// Implement `new`, `insert`, `len`, and `has`.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md src/smart-pointers/solution.md
msgid "// not a unique item\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/smart-pointers/solution.md src/android/testing/googletest.md
msgid "\"bar\""
msgstr ""

#: src/borrowing/shared.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"As we saw before, instead of transferring ownership when calling a function, "
"you can let a function _borrow_ the value:"
msgstr ""
"Au lieu de transférer la propriété lors de l'appel d'une fonction, vous "
"pouvez laisser une la fonction _emprunte_ la valeur :"

#: src/borrowing/shared.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "The `add` function _borrows_ two points and returns a new point."
msgstr "La fonction `add` _emprunte_ deux points et renvoie un nouveau point."

#: src/borrowing/shared.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "The caller retains ownership of the inputs."
msgstr "L'appelant conserve la propriété des entrées."

#: src/borrowing/shared.md
msgid ""
"This slide is a review of the material on references from day 1, expanding "
"slightly to include function arguments and return values."
msgstr ""

#: src/borrowing/shared.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Notes on stack returns:"
msgstr "Remarques sur les retours de pile :"

#: src/borrowing/shared.md
msgid ""
"Demonstrate that the return from `add` is cheap because the compiler can "
"eliminate the copy operation. Change the above code to print stack addresses "
"and run it on the [Playground](https://play.rust-lang.org/?"
"version=stable&mode=release&edition=2021&gist=0cb13be1c05d7e3446686ad9947c4671) "
"or look at the assembly in [Godbolt](https://rust.godbolt.org/). In the "
"\"DEBUG\" optimization level, the addresses should change, while they stay "
"the same when changing to the \"RELEASE\" setting:"
msgstr ""

#: src/borrowing/shared.md
msgid "The Rust compiler can do return value optimization (RVO)."
msgstr ""

#: src/borrowing/shared.md
msgid ""
"In C++, copy elision has to be defined in the language specification because "
"constructors can have side effects. In Rust, this is not an issue at all. If "
"RVO did not happen, Rust will always perform a simple and efficient `memcpy` "
"copy."
msgstr ""

#: src/borrowing/borrowck.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Rust's _borrow checker_ puts constraints on the ways you can borrow values. "
"For a given value, at any time:"
msgstr ""
"Rust impose des contraintes sur la manière dont vous pouvez emprunter des "
"valeurs :"

#: src/borrowing/borrowck.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "You can have one or more shared references to the value, _or_"
msgstr "Vous pouvez avoir une ou plusieurs valeurs `&T` à tout moment, _ou_"

#: src/borrowing/borrowck.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "You can have exactly one exclusive reference to the value."
msgstr "Vous pouvez avoir exactement une valeur `&mut T`."

#: src/borrowing/borrowck.md
msgid ""
"Note that the requirement is that conflicting references not _exist_ at the "
"same point. It does not matter where the reference is dereferenced."
msgstr ""

#: src/borrowing/borrowck.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The above code does not compile because `a` is borrowed as mutable (through "
"`c`) and as immutable (through `b`) at the same time."
msgstr ""
"Le code ci-dessus ne se compile pas car 'a' est emprunté comme mutable (via "
"'c') et comme immuable (via 'b') en même temps."

#: src/borrowing/borrowck.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Move the `println!` statement for `b` before the scope that introduces `c` "
"to make the code compile."
msgstr ""
"Déplacez l'instruction `println!` pour `b` avant la portée qui introduit `c` "
"pour que le code soit compilé."

#: src/borrowing/borrowck.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"After that change, the compiler realizes that `b` is only ever used before "
"the new mutable borrow of `a` through `c`. This is a feature of the borrow "
"checker called \"non-lexical lifetimes\"."
msgstr ""
"Après ce changement, le compilateur se rend compte que 'b' n'est utilisé "
"qu'avant le nouvel emprunt mutable de 'a' à 'c'. Il s'agit d'une "
"fonctionnalité du vérificateur d'emprunt appelée \"durées de vie non "
"lexicales\"."

#: src/borrowing/borrowck.md
msgid ""
"The exclusive reference constraint is quite strong. Rust uses it to ensure "
"that data races do not occur. Rust also _relies_ on this constraint to "
"optimize code. For example, a value behind a shared reference can be safely "
"cached in a register for the lifetime of that reference."
msgstr ""

#: src/borrowing/borrowck.md
msgid ""
"The borrow checker is designed to accommodate many common patterns, such as "
"taking exclusive references to different fields in a struct at the same "
"time. But, there are some situations where it doesn't quite \"get it\" and "
"this often results in \"fighting with the borrow checker.\""
msgstr ""

#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md
msgid ""
"In some situations, it's necessary to modify data behind a shared (read-"
"only) reference. For example, a shared data structure might have an internal "
"cache, and wish to update that cache from read-only methods."
msgstr ""

#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md
msgid ""
"The \"interior mutability\" pattern allows exclusive (mutable) access behind "
"a shared reference. The standard library provides several ways to do this, "
"all while still ensuring safety, typically by performing a runtime check."
msgstr ""

#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`RefCell`"
msgstr "`RefCell<T>`"

#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md
msgid "\"graph: {root:#?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md
msgid "\"graph sum: {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`Cell`"
msgstr "`Cellule<T>`"

#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md
msgid ""
"`Cell` wraps a value and allows getting or setting the value, even with a "
"shared reference to the `Cell`. However, it does not allow any references to "
"the value. Since there are no references, borrowing rules cannot be broken."
msgstr ""

#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md
msgid ""
"The main thing to take away from this slide is that Rust provides _safe_ "
"ways to modify data behind a shared reference. There are a variety of ways "
"to ensure that safety, and `RefCell` and `Cell` are two of them."
msgstr ""

#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md
msgid ""
"`RefCell` enforces Rust's usual borrowing rules (either multiple shared "
"references or a single exclusive reference) with a runtime check. In this "
"case, all borrows are very short and never overlap, so the checks always "
"succeed."
msgstr ""

#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md
msgid ""
"`Rc` only allows shared (read-only) access to its contents, since its "
"purpose is to allow (and count) many references. But we want to modify the "
"value, so we need interior mutability."
msgstr ""

#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md
msgid ""
"`Cell` is a simpler means to ensure safety: it has a `set` method that takes "
"`&self`. This needs no runtime check, but requires moving values, which can "
"have its own cost."
msgstr ""

#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md
msgid ""
"Demonstrate that reference loops can be created by adding `root` to `subtree."
"children`."
msgstr ""

#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md
msgid ""
"To demonstrate a runtime panic, add a `fn inc(&mut self)` that increments "
"`self.value` and calls the same method on its children. This will panic in "
"the presence of the reference loop, with `thread 'main' panicked at 'already "
"borrowed: BorrowMutError'`."
msgstr ""

#: src/borrowing/exercise.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"You're working on implementing a health-monitoring system. As part of that, "
"you need to keep track of users' health statistics."
msgstr ""
"Vous travaillez à la mise en place d'un système de surveillance de la santé. "
"Dans le cadre de cela, vous besoin de suivre les statistiques de santé des "
"utilisateurs."

#: src/borrowing/exercise.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"You'll start with a stubbed function in an `impl` block as well as a `User` "
"struct definition. Your goal is to implement the stubbed out method on the "
"`User` `struct` defined in the `impl` block."
msgstr ""
"Vous commencerez avec quelques fonctions stub dans un bloc `impl` ainsi "
"qu'un `User` définition de structure. Votre objectif est d'implémenter les "
"méthodes tronquées sur le `User` `struct` défini dans le bloc `impl`."

#: src/borrowing/exercise.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Copy the code below to <https://play.rust-lang.org/> and fill in the missing "
"method:"
msgstr ""
"Copiez le code ci-dessous sur <https://play.rust-lang.org/> et remplissez "
"les champs manquants méthodes :"

#: src/borrowing/exercise.md
msgid ""
"\"Update a user's statistics based on measurements from a visit to the "
"doctor\""
msgstr ""

#: src/borrowing/exercise.md src/borrowing/solution.md
#: src/android/build-rules/library.md
#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md
msgid "\"Bob\""
msgstr ""

#: src/borrowing/exercise.md src/borrowing/solution.md
msgid "\"I'm {} and my age is {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md
msgid ""
"A reference has a _lifetime_, which must not \"outlive\" the value it refers "
"to. This is verified by the borrow checker."
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md
msgid ""
"The lifetime can be implicit - this is what we have seen so far. Lifetimes "
"can also be explicit: `&'a Point`, `&'document str`. Lifetimes start with "
"`'` and `'a` is a typical default name. Read `&'a Point` as \"a borrowed "
"`Point` which is valid for at least the lifetime `a`\"."
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md
msgid ""
"Lifetimes are always inferred by the compiler: you cannot assign a lifetime "
"yourself. Explicit lifetime annotations create constraints where there is "
"ambiguity; the compiler verifies that there is a valid solution."
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md
msgid ""
"Lifetimes become more complicated when considering passing values to and "
"returning values from functions."
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md
msgid "// What is the lifetime of p3?\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md
msgid "\"p3: {p3:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md
msgid ""
"In this example, the compiler does not know what lifetime to infer for `p3`. "
"Looking inside the function body shows that it can only safely assume that "
"`p3`'s lifetime is the shorter of `p1` and `p2`. But just like types, Rust "
"requires explicit annotations of lifetimes on function arguments and return "
"values."
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md
msgid "Add `'a` appropriately to `left_most`:"
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md
msgid ""
"This says, \"given p1 and p2 which both outlive `'a`, the return value lives "
"for at least `'a`."
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md
msgid ""
"In common cases, lifetimes can be elided, as described on the next slide."
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md
msgid "Lifetimes in Function Calls"
msgstr "Durées de vie dans les appels de fonction"

#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md
msgid ""
"Lifetimes for function arguments and return values must be fully specified, "
"but Rust allows lifetimes to be elided in most cases with [a few simple "
"rules](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/lifetime-elision.html). This is not "
"inference -- it is just a syntactic shorthand."
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md
msgid "Each argument which does not have a lifetime annotation is given one."
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md
msgid ""
"If there is only one argument lifetime, it is given to all un-annotated "
"return values."
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md
msgid ""
"If there are multiple argument lifetimes, but the first one is for `self`, "
"that lifetime is given to all un-annotated return values."
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md
msgid "In this example, `cab_distance` is trivially elided."
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md
msgid ""
"The `nearest` function provides another example of a function with multiple "
"references in its arguments that requires explicit annotation."
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md
msgid "Try adjusting the signature to \"lie\" about the lifetimes returned:"
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md
msgid ""
"This won't compile, demonstrating that the annotations are checked for "
"validity by the compiler. Note that this is not the case for raw pointers "
"(unsafe), and this is a common source of errors with unsafe Rust."
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md
msgid ""
"Students may ask when to use lifetimes. Rust borrows _always_ have "
"lifetimes. Most of the time, elision and type inference mean these don't "
"need to be written out. In more complicated cases, lifetime annotations can "
"help resolve ambiguity. Often, especially when prototyping, it's easier to "
"just work with owned data by cloning values where necessary."
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md
msgid "Lifetimes in Data Structures"
msgstr "Durées de vie dans les structures de données"

#: src/lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"If a data type stores borrowed data, it must be annotated with a lifetime:"
msgstr ""
"Si un type de données stocke des données empruntées, il doit être annoté "
"avec une durée de vie :"

#: src/lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md
msgid "\"Bye {text}!\""
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md
msgid "\"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.\""
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md
msgid "// erase(text);\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md
msgid "\"{fox:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md
msgid "\"{dog:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"In the above example, the annotation on `Highlight` enforces that the data "
"underlying the contained `&str` lives at least as long as any instance of "
"`Highlight` that uses that data."
msgstr ""
"Dans l'exemple ci-dessus, l'annotation sur `Highlight` impose que les "
"données sous-jacentes au `&str` contenu vivent au moins aussi longtemps que "
"toute instance de `Highlight` qui utilise ces données."

#: src/lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"If `text` is consumed before the end of the lifetime of `fox` (or `dog`), "
"the borrow checker throws an error."
msgstr ""
"Si `text` est consommé avant la fin de la durée de vie de `fox` (ou `dog`), "
"le vérificateur d'emprunt génère une erreur."

#: src/lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Types with borrowed data force users to hold on to the original data. This "
"can be useful for creating lightweight views, but it generally makes them "
"somewhat harder to use."
msgstr ""
"Les types avec des données empruntées obligent les utilisateurs à conserver "
"les données d'origine. Cela peut être utile pour créer des vues légères, "
"mais cela les rend généralement un peu plus difficiles à utiliser."

#: src/lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "When possible, make data structures own their data directly."
msgstr ""
"Dans la mesure du possible, faites en sorte que les structures de données "
"soient directement propriétaires de leurs données."

#: src/lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Some structs with multiple references inside can have more than one lifetime "
"annotation. This can be necessary if there is a need to describe lifetime "
"relationships between the references themselves, in addition to the lifetime "
"of the struct itself. Those are very advanced use cases."
msgstr ""
"Certaines structures contenant plusieurs références peuvent avoir plusieurs "
"annotations de durée de vie. Cela peut être nécessaire s'il est nécessaire "
"de décrire les relations de durée de vie entre les références elles-mêmes, "
"en plus de la durée de vie de la structure elle-même. Ce sont des cas "
"d'utilisation très avancés."

#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md
msgid ""
"In this exercise, you will build a parser for the [protobuf binary encoding]"
"(https://protobuf.dev/programming-guides/encoding/). Don't worry, it's "
"simpler than it seems! This illustrates a common parsing pattern, passing "
"slices of data. The underlying data itself is never copied."
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md
msgid ""
"Fully parsing a protobuf message requires knowing the types of the fields, "
"indexed by their field numbers. That is typically provided in a `proto` "
"file. In this exercise, we'll encode that information into `match` "
"statements in functions that get called for each field."
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "We'll use the following proto:"
msgstr "Vous pouvez utiliser le fichier `Cargo.toml` suivant :"

#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md
msgid ""
"A proto message is encoded as a series of fields, one after the next. Each "
"is implemented as a \"tag\" followed by the value. The tag contains a field "
"number (e.g., `2` for the `id` field of a `Person` message) and a wire type "
"defining how the payload should be determined from the byte stream."
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md
msgid ""
"Integers, including the tag, are represented with a variable-length encoding "
"called VARINT. Luckily, `parse_varint` is defined for you below. The given "
"code also defines callbacks to handle `Person` and `PhoneNumber` fields, and "
"to parse a message into a series of calls to those callbacks."
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md
msgid ""
"What remains for you is to implement the `parse_field` function and the "
"`ProtoMessage` trait for `Person` and `PhoneNumber`."
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md src/lifetimes/solution.md
msgid "\"Invalid varint\""
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md src/lifetimes/solution.md
msgid "\"Invalid wire-type\""
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md src/lifetimes/solution.md
msgid "\"Unexpected EOF\""
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md src/lifetimes/solution.md
msgid "\"Invalid length\""
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md src/lifetimes/solution.md
msgid "\"Unexpected wire-type)\""
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md src/lifetimes/solution.md
msgid "\"Invalid string (not UTF-8)\""
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md src/lifetimes/solution.md
msgid "/// A wire type as seen on the wire.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md src/lifetimes/solution.md
msgid "/// The Varint WireType indicates the value is a single VARINT.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md src/lifetimes/solution.md
msgid ""
"//I64,  -- not needed for this exercise\n"
"    /// The Len WireType indicates that the value is a length represented as "
"a\n"
"    /// VARINT followed by exactly that number of bytes.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md src/lifetimes/solution.md
msgid ""
"/// The I32 WireType indicates that the value is precisely 4 bytes in\n"
"    /// little-endian order containing a 32-bit signed integer.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md src/lifetimes/solution.md
msgid "/// A field's value, typed based on the wire type.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md src/lifetimes/solution.md
msgid "//I64(i64),  -- not needed for this exercise\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md src/lifetimes/solution.md
msgid "/// A field, containing the field number and its value.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md src/lifetimes/solution.md
msgid "//1 => WireType::I64,  -- not needed for this exercise\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md src/lifetimes/solution.md
msgid ""
"/// Parse a VARINT, returning the parsed value and the remaining bytes.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md src/lifetimes/solution.md
msgid ""
"// This is the last byte of the VARINT, so convert it to\n"
"            // a u64 and return it.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md src/lifetimes/solution.md
msgid "// More than 7 bytes is invalid.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md src/lifetimes/solution.md
msgid "/// Convert a tag into a field number and a WireType.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md src/lifetimes/solution.md
msgid "/// Parse a field, returning the remaining bytes\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md
msgid ""
"\"Based on the wire type, build a Field, consuming as many bytes as "
"necessary.\""
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md
msgid "\"Return the field, and any un-consumed bytes.\""
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md src/lifetimes/solution.md
msgid ""
"/// Parse a message in the given data, calling `T::add_field` for each field "
"in\n"
"/// the message.\n"
"///\n"
"/// The entire input is consumed.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/exercise.md
msgid "// TODO: Implement ProtoMessage for Person and PhoneNumber.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/solution.md
msgid "// Unwrap error because `value` is definitely 4 bytes long.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/solution.md
msgid "// skip everything else\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/lifetimes/solution.md
msgid "b\"hello\""
msgstr ""

#: src/welcome-day-4.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Welcome to Day 4"
msgstr "Bienvenue au jour 1"

#: src/welcome-day-4.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Today we will cover topics relating to building large-scale software in Rust:"
msgstr "Aujourd'hui, nous aborderons quelques sujets plus avancés de Rust :"

#: src/welcome-day-4.md
msgid "Iterators: a deep dive on the `Iterator` trait."
msgstr ""

#: src/welcome-day-4.md
msgid "Modules and visibility."
msgstr ""

#: src/welcome-day-4.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Testing."
msgstr "Tester"

#: src/welcome-day-4.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Error handling: panics, `Result`, and the try operator `?`."
msgstr ""
"Gestion des erreurs : paniques, « Résultat » et l'opérateur d'essai « ? »."

#: src/welcome-day-4.md
msgid ""
"Unsafe Rust: the escape hatch when you can't express yourself in safe Rust."
msgstr ""

#: src/iterators/iterator.md
msgid ""
"The [`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html) "
"trait supports iterating over values in a collection. It requires a `next` "
"method and provides lots of methods. Many standard library types implement "
"`Iterator`, and you can implement it yourself, too:"
msgstr ""

#: src/iterators/iterator.md
msgid "\"fib({i}): {n}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/iterators/iterator.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The `Iterator` trait implements many common functional programming "
"operations over collections (e.g. `map`, `filter`, `reduce`, etc). This is "
"the trait where you can find all the documentation about them. In Rust these "
"functions should produce the code as efficient as equivalent imperative "
"implementations."
msgstr ""
"Le trait `Iterator` implémente de nombreuses opérations de programmation "
"fonctionnelles courantes sur les collections (par exemple, `map`, `filter`, "
"`reduce`, etc.). C'est le trait où vous pouvez trouver toute la "
"documentation à propos d'eux. Dans Rust, ces fonctions devraient produire le "
"code aussi efficace que l'impératif équivalent implémentations."

#: src/iterators/iterator.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`IntoIterator` is the trait that makes for loops work. It is implemented by "
"collection types such as `Vec<T>` and references to them such as `&Vec<T>` "
"and `&[T]`. Ranges also implement it. This is why you can iterate over a "
"vector with `for i in some_vec { .. }` but `some_vec.next()` doesn't exist."
msgstr ""
"`IntoIterator` est le trait qui fait fonctionner les boucles. Il est "
"implémenté par des types de collection tels que `Vec<T>` et leurs références "
"telles que `&Vec<T>` et `&[T]`. Les gammes l'implémentent également. C'est "
"pourquoi vous pouvez itérer sur un vecteur avec `for i in some_vec { .. }` "
"mais `some_vec.next()` n'existe pas."

#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The `Iterator` trait tells you how to _iterate_ once you have created an "
"iterator. The related trait [`IntoIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/"
"iter/trait.IntoIterator.html) defines how to create an iterator for a type. "
"It is used automatically by the `for` loop."
msgstr ""
"Le trait `Iterator` vous indique comment _itérer_ une fois que vous avez "
"créé un itérateur. Le trait connexe \"IntoIterator\" vous indique comment "
"créer l'itérateur :"

#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md
msgid "\"point = {x}, {y}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Click through to the docs for `IntoIterator`. Every implementation of "
"`IntoIterator` must declare two types:"
msgstr ""
"La syntaxe ici signifie que chaque implémentation de `IntoIterator` doit "
"déclarer deux types :"

#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`Item`: the type to iterate over, such as `i8`,"
msgstr "`Item` : le type sur lequel nous itérons, tel que `i8`,"

#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`IntoIter`: the `Iterator` type returned by the `into_iter` method."
msgstr "`IntoIter` : le type `Iterator` renvoyé par la méthode `into_iter`."

#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Note that `IntoIter` and `Item` are linked: the iterator must have the same "
"`Item` type, which means that it returns `Option<Item>`"
msgstr ""
"Notez que `IntoIter` et `Item` sont liés : l'itérateur doit avoir le même "
"Type `Item`, ce qui signifie qu'il renvoie `Option<Item>`"

#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md
msgid "The example iterates over all combinations of x and y coordinates."
msgstr ""

#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md
msgid ""
"Try iterating over the grid twice in `main`. Why does this fail? Note that "
"`IntoIterator::into_iter` takes ownership of `self`."
msgstr ""

#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md
msgid ""
"Fix this issue by implementing `IntoIterator` for `&Grid` and storing a "
"reference to the `Grid` in `GridIter`."
msgstr ""

#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md
msgid ""
"The same problem can occur for standard library types: `for e in "
"some_vector` will take ownership of `some_vector` and iterate over owned "
"elements from that vector. Use `for e in &some_vector` instead, to iterate "
"over references to elements of `some_vector`."
msgstr ""

#: src/iterators/fromiterator.md
msgid "FromIterator"
msgstr "FromIterator"

#: src/iterators/fromiterator.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"[`FromIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.FromIterator.html) "
"lets you build a collection from an [`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/"
"std/iter/trait.Iterator.html)."
msgstr ""
"[`FromIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.FromIterator.html) "
"vous permet de créer une collection à partir d'un [`Iterator`](https://doc."
"rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html)."

#: src/iterators/fromiterator.md
msgid "\"prime_squares: {prime_squares:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/iterators/fromiterator.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`Iterator` implements"
msgstr "`Itérateur`"

#: src/iterators/fromiterator.md
msgid "There are two ways to specify `B` for this method:"
msgstr ""

#: src/iterators/fromiterator.md
msgid ""
"With the \"turbofish\": `some_iterator.collect::<COLLECTION_TYPE>()`, as "
"shown. The `_` shorthand used here lets Rust infer the type of the `Vec` "
"elements."
msgstr ""

#: src/iterators/fromiterator.md
msgid ""
"With type inference: `let prime_squares: Vec<_> = some_iterator.collect()`. "
"Rewrite the example to use this form."
msgstr ""

#: src/iterators/fromiterator.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"There are basic implementations of `FromIterator` for `Vec`, `HashMap`, etc. "
"There are also more specialized implementations which let you do cool things "
"like convert an `Iterator<Item = Result<V, E>>` into a `Result<Vec<V>, E>`."
msgstr ""
"Il existe également des implémentations qui vous permettent de faire des "
"choses sympas comme convertir un `Iterator<Item = Result<V, E>>` en un "
"`Result<Vec<V>, E>`."

#: src/iterators/exercise.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"In this exercise, you will need to find and use some of the provided methods "
"in the [`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html) "
"trait to implement a complex calculation."
msgstr ""
"Vous pouvez implémenter le trait [`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/"
"iter/trait.Iterator.html) sur vos propres types :"

#: src/iterators/exercise.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Copy the following code to <https://play.rust-lang.org/> and make the tests "
"pass. Use an iterator expression and `collect` the result to construct the "
"return value."
msgstr ""
"Copiez le code suivant sur <https://play.rust-lang.org/> et faites les tests "
"passer. Essayez d'éviter d'attribuer un \"Vec\" à vos résultats "
"intermédiaires :"

#: src/iterators/exercise.md src/iterators/solution.md
msgid ""
"/// Calculate the differences between elements of `values` offset by "
"`offset`,\n"
"/// wrapping around from the end of `values` to the beginning.\n"
"///\n"
"/// Element `n` of the result is `values[(n+offset)%len] - values[n]`.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/modules.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "We have seen how `impl` blocks let us namespace functions to a type."
msgstr ""
"Nous avons vu comment les blocs `impl` nous permettent de faire fonctionner "
"l'espace de noms sur un type."

#: src/modules/modules.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Similarly, `mod` lets us namespace types and functions:"
msgstr ""
"De même, `mod` nous permet d'utiliser des types et des fonctions d'espace de "
"noms :"

#: src/modules/modules.md
msgid "\"In the foo module\""
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/modules.md
msgid "\"In the bar module\""
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/modules.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Packages provide functionality and include a `Cargo.toml` file that "
"describes how to build a bundle of 1+ crates."
msgstr ""
"Les packages fournissent des fonctionnalités et incluent un fichier `Cargo."
"toml` qui décrit comment créer un ensemble de 1+ caisses."

#: src/modules/modules.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Crates are a tree of modules, where a binary crate creates an executable and "
"a library crate compiles to a library."
msgstr ""
"Les caisses sont un arbre de modules, où une caisse binaire crée un "
"exécutable et une caisse de bibliothèque se compile en une bibliothèque."

#: src/modules/modules.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Modules define organization, scope, and are the focus of this section."
msgstr ""
"Les modules définissent l'organisation, la portée et sont au centre de cette "
"section."

#: src/modules/filesystem.md
msgid ""
"Omitting the module content will tell Rust to look for it in another file:"
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/filesystem.md
msgid ""
"This tells rust that the `garden` module content is found at `src/garden."
"rs`. Similarly, a `garden::vegetables` module can be found at `src/garden/"
"vegetables.rs`."
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/filesystem.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "The `crate` root is in:"
msgstr "La racine `crate` se trouve dans :"

#: src/modules/filesystem.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`src/lib.rs` (for a library crate)"
msgstr "`src/lib.rs` (pour une caisse de bibliothèque)"

#: src/modules/filesystem.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`src/main.rs` (for a binary crate)"
msgstr "`src/main.rs` (pour un crate binaire)"

#: src/modules/filesystem.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Modules defined in files can be documented, too, using \"inner doc "
"comments\". These document the item that contains them -- in this case, a "
"module."
msgstr ""
"Les modules définis dans les fichiers peuvent également être documentés à "
"l'aide de \"commentaires de documentation internes\". Ceux-ci documentent "
"l'élément qui les contient -- dans ce cas, un module."

#: src/modules/filesystem.md
msgid ""
"//! This module implements the garden, including a highly performant "
"germination\n"
"//! implementation.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/filesystem.md
msgid "// Re-export types from this module.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/filesystem.md
msgid "/// Sow the given seed packets.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/filesystem.md
msgid "/// Harvest the produce in the garden that is ready.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/filesystem.md
msgid ""
"Before Rust 2018, modules needed to be located at `module/mod.rs` instead of "
"`module.rs`, and this is still a working alternative for editions after 2018."
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/filesystem.md
msgid ""
"The main reason to introduce `filename.rs` as alternative to `filename/mod."
"rs` was because many files named `mod.rs` can be hard to distinguish in IDEs."
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/filesystem.md
msgid "Deeper nesting can use folders, even if the main module is a file:"
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/filesystem.md
msgid ""
"The place rust will look for modules can be changed with a compiler "
"directive:"
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/filesystem.md
msgid "\"some/path.rs\""
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/filesystem.md
msgid ""
"This is useful, for example, if you would like to place tests for a module "
"in a file named `some_module_test.rs`, similar to the convention in Go."
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/visibility.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Modules are a privacy boundary:"
msgstr "Les modules sont une limite de confidentialité :"

#: src/modules/visibility.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Module items are private by default (hides implementation details)."
msgstr ""
"Les éléments du module sont privés par défaut (cache les détails "
"d'implémentation)."

#: src/modules/visibility.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Parent and sibling items are always visible."
msgstr "Les éléments parents et frères sont toujours visibles."

#: src/modules/visibility.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"In other words, if an item is visible in module `foo`, it's visible in all "
"the descendants of `foo`."
msgstr ""
"En d'autres termes, si un élément est visible dans le module `foo`, il est "
"visible dans tous les descendants de `foo`."

#: src/modules/visibility.md
msgid "\"outer::private\""
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/visibility.md
msgid "\"outer::public\""
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/visibility.md
msgid "\"outer::inner::private\""
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/visibility.md
msgid "\"outer::inner::public\""
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/visibility.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Use the `pub` keyword to make modules public."
msgstr "Utilisez le mot-clé `pub` pour rendre les modules publics."

#: src/modules/visibility.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Additionally, there are advanced `pub(...)` specifiers to restrict the scope "
"of public visibility."
msgstr ""
"De plus, il existe des spécificateurs avancés `pub(...)` pour restreindre la "
"portée de la visibilité publique."

#: src/modules/visibility.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"See the [Rust Reference](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/visibility-and-"
"privacy.html#pubin-path-pubcrate-pubsuper-and-pubself)."
msgstr ""
"Voir la [Rust Reference](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/visibility-and-"
"privacy.html#pubin-path-pubcrate-pubsuper-and-pubself)."

#: src/modules/visibility.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Configuring `pub(crate)` visibility is a common pattern."
msgstr ""
"La configuration de la visibilité de `pub(crate)` est un modèle courant."

#: src/modules/visibility.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Less commonly, you can give visibility to a specific path."
msgstr ""
"Plus rarement, vous pouvez donner de la visibilité à un chemin spécifique."

#: src/modules/visibility.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"In any case, visibility must be granted to an ancestor module (and all of "
"its descendants)."
msgstr ""
"Dans tous les cas, la visibilité doit être accordée à un module ancêtre (et "
"à tous ses descendants)."

#: src/modules/paths.md
msgid "use, super, self"
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/paths.md
msgid ""
"A module can bring symbols from another module into scope with `use`. You "
"will typically see something like this at the top of each module:"
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/paths.md
msgid "Paths"
msgstr "Chemins"

#: src/modules/paths.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Paths are resolved as follows:"
msgstr "Les chemins sont résolus comme suit :"

#: src/modules/paths.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "As a relative path:"
msgstr "En tant que chemin relatif :"

#: src/modules/paths.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`foo` or `self::foo` refers to `foo` in the current module,"
msgstr "`foo` ou `self::foo` fait référence à `foo` dans le module actuel,"

#: src/modules/paths.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`super::foo` refers to `foo` in the parent module."
msgstr "`super::foo` fait référence à `foo` dans le module parent."

#: src/modules/paths.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "As an absolute path:"
msgstr "En tant que chemin absolu :"

#: src/modules/paths.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`crate::foo` refers to `foo` in the root of the current crate,"
msgstr "`crate::foo` fait référence à `foo` à la racine du crate actuel,"

#: src/modules/paths.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`bar::foo` refers to `foo` in the `bar` crate."
msgstr "`bar::foo` fait référence à `foo` dans le crate `bar`."

#: src/modules/paths.md
msgid ""
"It is common to \"re-export\" symbols at a shorter path. For example, the "
"top-level `lib.rs` in a crate might have"
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/paths.md
msgid ""
"making `DiskStorage` and `NetworkStorage` available to other crates with a "
"convenient, short path."
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/paths.md
msgid ""
"For the most part, only items that appear in a module need to be `use`'d. "
"However, a trait must be in scope to call any methods on that trait, even if "
"a type implementing that trait is already in scope. For example, to use the "
"`read_to_string` method on a type implementing the `Read` trait, you need to "
"`use std::io::Read`."
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/paths.md
msgid ""
"The `use` statement can have a wildcard: `use std::io::*`. This is "
"discouraged because it is not clear which items are imported, and those "
"might change over time."
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/exercise.md
msgid ""
"In this exercise, you will reorganize a small GUI Library implementation. "
"This library defines a `Widget` trait and a few implementations of that "
"trait, as well as a `main` function."
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/exercise.md
msgid ""
"It is typical to put each type or set of closely-related types into its own "
"module, so each widget type should get its own module."
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/exercise.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Cargo Setup"
msgstr "Installation"

#: src/modules/exercise.md
msgid ""
"The Rust playground only supports one file, so you will need to make a Cargo "
"project on your local filesystem:"
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/exercise.md
msgid ""
"Edit the resulting `src/main.rs` to add `mod` statements, and add additional "
"files in the `src` directory."
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/exercise.md
msgid "Source"
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/exercise.md
msgid "Here's the single-module implementation of the GUI library:"
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md
msgid "/// Natural width of `self`.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md
msgid "/// Draw the widget into a buffer.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md
msgid "/// Draw the widget on standard output.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md
msgid "\"{buffer}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/exercise.md
msgid "// Add 4 paddings for borders\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/exercise.md
msgid ""
"// TODO: Change draw_into to return Result<(), std::fmt::Error>. Then use "
"the\n"
"        // ?-operator here instead of .unwrap().\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md
msgid "\"+-{:-<inner_width$}-+\""
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md src/testing/unit-tests.md
#: src/testing/solution.md
msgid "\"\""
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md
msgid "\"| {:^inner_width$} |\""
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md
msgid "\"+={:=<inner_width$}=+\""
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md
msgid "\"| {:inner_width$} |\""
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md
msgid "// add a bit of padding\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md
msgid "\"+{:-<width$}+\""
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md
msgid "\"|{:^width$}|\""
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md
msgid "\"Rust GUI Demo 1.23\""
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md
msgid "\"This is a small text GUI demo.\""
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md
msgid "\"Click me!\""
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/exercise.md
msgid ""
"Encourage students to divide the code in a way that feels natural for them, "
"and get accustomed to the required `mod`, `use`, and `pub` declarations. "
"Afterward, discuss what organizations are most idiomatic."
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/solution.md
msgid "// ---- src/widgets.rs ----\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/solution.md
msgid "// ---- src/widgets/label.rs ----\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/solution.md
msgid "// ANCHOR_END: Label-width\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/solution.md
msgid "// ANCHOR: Label-draw_into\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/solution.md
msgid "// ANCHOR_END: Label-draw_into\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/solution.md
msgid "// ---- src/widgets/button.rs ----\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/solution.md
msgid "// ANCHOR_END: Button-width\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/solution.md
msgid "// ANCHOR: Button-draw_into\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/solution.md
msgid "// ANCHOR_END: Button-draw_into\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/solution.md
msgid "// ---- src/widgets/window.rs ----\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/solution.md
msgid ""
"// ANCHOR_END: Window-width\n"
"        // Add 4 paddings for borders\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/solution.md
msgid "// ANCHOR: Window-draw_into\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/solution.md
msgid "// ANCHOR_END: Window-draw_into\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/solution.md
msgid ""
"// TODO: after learning about error handling, you can change\n"
"        // draw_into to return Result<(), std::fmt::Error>. Then use\n"
"        // the ?-operator here instead of .unwrap().\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/modules/solution.md
msgid "// ---- src/main.rs ----\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/testing/unit-tests.md
msgid "Unit Tests"
msgstr "Tests unitaires"

#: src/testing/unit-tests.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Rust and Cargo come with a simple unit test framework:"
msgstr "Rust et Cargo sont livrés avec un cadre de test unitaire simple :"

#: src/testing/unit-tests.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Unit tests are supported throughout your code."
msgstr "Les tests unitaires sont pris en charge dans tout votre code."

#: src/testing/unit-tests.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Integration tests are supported via the `tests/` directory."
msgstr ""
"Les tests d'intégration sont pris en charge via le répertoire `tests/`."

#: src/testing/unit-tests.md
msgid ""
"Tests are marked with `#[test]`. Unit tests are often put in a nested "
"`tests` module, using `#[cfg(test)]` to conditionally compile them only when "
"building tests."
msgstr ""

#: src/testing/unit-tests.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "\"Hello World\""
msgstr "Bonjour le monde!"

#: src/testing/unit-tests.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "This lets you unit test private helpers."
msgstr "Cela vous permet de tester unitairement les helpers privés."

#: src/testing/unit-tests.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "The `#[cfg(test)]` attribute is only active when you run `cargo test`."
msgstr ""
"L'attribut `#[cfg(test)]` n'est actif que lorsque vous lancez `cargo test`."

#: src/testing/unit-tests.md
msgid "Run the tests in the playground in order to show their results."
msgstr ""

#: src/testing/other.md
msgid "Integration Tests"
msgstr "Tests d'intégration"

#: src/testing/other.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "If you want to test your library as a client, use an integration test."
msgstr ""
"Si vous souhaitez tester votre bibliothèque en tant que client, utilisez un "
"test d'intégration."

#: src/testing/other.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Create a `.rs` file under `tests/`:"
msgstr "Créez un fichier `.rs` sous `tests/` :"

#: src/testing/other.md
msgid "// tests/my_library.rs\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/testing/other.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "These tests only have access to the public API of your crate."
msgstr "Ces tests n'ont accès qu'à l'API publique de votre crate."

#: src/testing/other.md
msgid "Documentation Tests"
msgstr "Tests de documentation"

#: src/testing/other.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Rust has built-in support for documentation tests:"
msgstr "Rust a un support intégré pour les tests de documentation :"

#: src/testing/other.md
msgid ""
"/// Shortens a string to the given length.\n"
"///\n"
"/// ```\n"
"/// # use playground::shorten_string;\n"
"/// assert_eq!(shorten_string(\"Hello World\", 5), \"Hello\");\n"
"/// assert_eq!(shorten_string(\"Hello World\", 20), \"Hello World\");\n"
"/// ```\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/testing/other.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Code blocks in `///` comments are automatically seen as Rust code."
msgstr ""
"Les blocs de code dans les commentaires `///` sont automatiquement "
"considérés comme du code Rust."

#: src/testing/other.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "The code will be compiled and executed as part of `cargo test`."
msgstr "Le code sera compilé et exécuté dans le cadre du `cargo test`."

#: src/testing/other.md
msgid ""
"Adding `#` in the code will hide it from the docs, but will still compile/"
"run it."
msgstr ""

#: src/testing/other.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Test the above code on the [Rust Playground](https://play.rust-lang.org/?"
"version=stable&mode=debug&edition=2021&gist=3ce2ad13ea1302f6572cb15cd96becf0)."
msgstr ""
"Testez le code ci-dessus sur [Rust Playground](https://play.rust-lang.org/?"
"version=stable&mode=debug&edition=2021&gist=3ce2ad13ea1302f6572cb15cd96becf0)."

#: src/testing/lints.md
msgid ""
"The Rust compiler produces fantastic error messages, as well as helpful "
"built-in lints. [Clippy](https://doc.rust-lang.org/clippy/) provides even "
"more lints, organized into groups that can be enabled per-project."
msgstr ""

#: src/testing/lints.md
msgid "\"X probably fits in a u16, right? {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/testing/lints.md
msgid ""
"Run the code sample and examine the error message. There are also lints "
"visible here, but those will not be shown once the code compiles. Switch to "
"the Playground site to show those lints."
msgstr ""

#: src/testing/lints.md
msgid ""
"After resolving the lints, run `clippy` on the playground site to show "
"clippy warnings. Clippy has extensive documentation of its lints, and adds "
"new lints (including default-deny lints) all the time."
msgstr ""

#: src/testing/lints.md
msgid ""
"Note that errors or warnings with `help: ...` can be fixed with `cargo fix` "
"or via your editor."
msgstr ""

#: src/testing/exercise.md
msgid "Luhn Algorithm"
msgstr "Algorithme de Luhn"

#: src/testing/exercise.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The [Luhn algorithm](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luhn_algorithm) is used "
"to validate credit card numbers. The algorithm takes a string as input and "
"does the following to validate the credit card number:"
msgstr ""
"L'[algorithme de Luhn](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luhn_algorithm) est "
"utilisé pour valider les numéros de carte de crédit. L'algorithme prend une "
"chaîne en entrée et fait le suivant pour valider le numéro de carte "
"bancaire :"

#: src/testing/exercise.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Ignore all spaces. Reject number with fewer than two digits."
msgstr ""
"Ignorer tous les espaces. Numéro de rejet comportant moins de deux chiffres."

#: src/testing/exercise.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Moving from **right to left**, double every second digit: for the number "
"`1234`, we double `3` and `1`. For the number `98765`, we double `6` and `8`."
msgstr ""
"En se déplaçant de droite à gauche, doubler tous les deux chiffres : pour le "
"nombre `1234`, on double '3' et '1'."

#: src/testing/exercise.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"After doubling a digit, sum the digits if the result is greater than 9. So "
"doubling `7` becomes `14` which becomes `1 + 4 = 5`."
msgstr ""
"Après avoir doublé un chiffre, additionnez les chiffres. Donc doubler '7' "
"devient '14' ce qui devient '5'."

#: src/testing/exercise.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Sum all the undoubled and doubled digits."
msgstr "Additionnez tous les chiffres non doublés et doublés."

#: src/testing/exercise.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "The credit card number is valid if the sum ends with `0`."
msgstr ""
"Le numéro de carte de crédit est valide si la somme se termine par '0'."

#: src/testing/exercise.md
msgid ""
"The provided code provides a buggy implementation of the luhn algorithm, "
"along with two basic unit tests that confirm that most the algorithm is "
"implemented correctly."
msgstr ""

#: src/testing/exercise.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Copy the code below to <https://play.rust-lang.org/> and write additional "
"tests to uncover bugs in the provided implementation, fixing any bugs you "
"find."
msgstr ""
"Copiez le code ci-dessous sur <https://play.rust-lang.org/> et remplissez "
"les champs manquants fonctions et méthodes :"

#: src/testing/exercise.md src/testing/solution.md
msgid "\"4263 9826 4026 9299\""
msgstr ""

#: src/testing/exercise.md src/testing/solution.md
msgid "\"4539 3195 0343 6467\""
msgstr ""

#: src/testing/exercise.md src/testing/solution.md
msgid "\"7992 7398 713\""
msgstr ""

#: src/testing/exercise.md src/testing/solution.md
msgid "\"4223 9826 4026 9299\""
msgstr ""

#: src/testing/exercise.md src/testing/solution.md
msgid "\"4539 3195 0343 6476\""
msgstr ""

#: src/testing/exercise.md src/testing/solution.md
msgid "\"8273 1232 7352 0569\""
msgstr ""

#: src/testing/solution.md
msgid "// This is the buggy version that appears in the problem.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/testing/solution.md
msgid "// This is the solution and passes all of the tests below.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/testing/solution.md
msgid "\"1234 5678 1234 5670\""
msgstr ""

#: src/testing/solution.md
msgid "\"Is {cc_number} a valid credit card number? {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/testing/solution.md
msgid "\"yes\""
msgstr ""

#: src/testing/solution.md
msgid "\"no\""
msgstr ""

#: src/testing/solution.md
msgid "\"foo 0 0\""
msgstr ""

#: src/testing/solution.md
msgid "\" \""
msgstr ""

#: src/testing/solution.md
msgid "\"  \""
msgstr ""

#: src/testing/solution.md
msgid "\"    \""
msgstr ""

#: src/testing/solution.md
msgid "\"0\""
msgstr ""

#: src/testing/solution.md
msgid "\" 0 0 \""
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/panics.md
msgid "Rust handles fatal errors with a \"panic\"."
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/panics.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Rust will trigger a panic if a fatal error happens at runtime:"
msgstr ""
"Rust déclenchera une panique si une erreur fatale se produit lors de "
"l'exécution :"

#: src/error-handling/panics.md
msgid "\"v[100]: {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/panics.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Panics are for unrecoverable and unexpected errors."
msgstr "Les paniques concernent les erreurs irrécupérables et inattendues."

#: src/error-handling/panics.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Panics are symptoms of bugs in the program."
msgstr "Les paniques sont des symptômes de bogues dans le programme."

#: src/error-handling/panics.md
msgid "Runtime failures like failed bounds checks can panic"
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/panics.md
msgid "Assertions (such as `assert!`) panic on failure"
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/panics.md
msgid "Purpose-specific panics can use the `panic!` macro."
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/panics.md
msgid ""
"A panic will \"unwind\" the stack, dropping values just as if the functions "
"had returned."
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/panics.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Use non-panicking APIs (such as `Vec::get`) if crashing is not acceptable."
msgstr ""
"Utilisez des API qui ne paniquent pas (telles que `Vec::get`) si le plantage "
"n'est pas acceptable."

#: src/error-handling/panics.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"By default, a panic will cause the stack to unwind. The unwinding can be "
"caught:"
msgstr ""
"Par défaut, une panique entraînera le déroulement de la pile. Le déroulement "
"peut être rattrapé :"

#: src/error-handling/panics.md
msgid "\"No problem here!\""
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/panics.md
msgid "\"{result:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/panics.md
msgid "\"oh no!\""
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/panics.md
msgid ""
"Catching is unusual; do not attempt to implement exceptions with "
"`catch_unwind`!"
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/panics.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"This can be useful in servers which should keep running even if a single "
"request crashes."
msgstr ""
"Cela peut être utile dans les serveurs qui doivent continuer à fonctionner "
"même si un seul la demande se bloque."

#: src/error-handling/panics.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "This does not work if `panic = 'abort'` is set in your `Cargo.toml`."
msgstr ""
"Cela ne fonctionne pas si `panic = 'abort'` est défini dans votre `Cargo."
"toml`."

#: src/error-handling/try.md
msgid ""
"Runtime errors like connection-refused or file-not-found are handled with "
"the `Result` type, but matching this type on every call can be cumbersome. "
"The try-operator `?` is used to return errors to the caller. It lets you "
"turn the common"
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/try.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "into the much simpler"
msgstr "dans le plus simple"

#: src/error-handling/try.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "We can use this to simplify our error handling code:"
msgstr ""
"Nous pouvons l'utiliser pour simplifier notre code de gestion des erreurs :"

#: src/error-handling/try.md
msgid "//fs::write(\"config.dat\", \"alice\").unwrap();\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/try.md src/error-handling/try-conversions.md
#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
msgid "\"config.dat\""
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/try.md src/error-handling/try-conversions.md
msgid "\"username or error: {username:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/try.md
msgid "Simplify the `read_username` function to use `?`."
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/try.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "The `username` variable can be either `Ok(string)` or `Err(error)`."
msgstr "La variable `username` peut être soit `Ok(string)` soit `Err(error)`."

#: src/error-handling/try.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Use the `fs::write` call to test out the different scenarios: no file, empty "
"file, file with username."
msgstr ""
"Utilisez l'appel `fs::write` pour tester les différents scénarios : pas de "
"fichier, fichier vide, fichier avec nom d'utilisateur."

#: src/error-handling/try.md
msgid ""
"Note that `main` can return a `Result<(), E>` as long as it implements `std::"
"process::Termination`. In practice, this means that `E` implements `Debug`. "
"The executable will print the `Err` variant and return a nonzero exit status "
"on error."
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The effective expansion of `?` is a little more complicated than previously "
"indicated:"
msgstr ""
"L'expansion effective de `?` est un peu plus compliquée qu'indiqué "
"précédemment :"

#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "works the same as"
msgstr "fonctionne de la même manière que"

#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The `From::from` call here means we attempt to convert the error type to the "
"type returned by the function. This makes it easy to encapsulate errors into "
"higher-level errors."
msgstr ""
"L'appel `From::from` ici signifie que nous essayons de convertir le type "
"d'erreur en type renvoyé par la fonction :"

#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md
msgid "\"IO error: {e}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md
msgid "\"Found no username in {path}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md
#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
msgid "//fs::write(\"config.dat\", \"\").unwrap();\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md
msgid ""
"The `?` operator must return a value compatible with the return type of the "
"function. For `Result`, it means that the error types have to be compatible. "
"A function that returns `Result<T, ErrorOuter>` can only use `?` on a value "
"of type `Result<U, ErrorInner>` if `ErrorOuter` and `ErrorInner` are the "
"same type or if `ErrorOuter` implements `From<ErrorInner>`."
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md
msgid ""
"A common alternative to a `From` implementation is `Result::map_err`, "
"especially when the conversion only happens in one place."
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md
msgid ""
"There is no compatibility requirement for `Option`. A function returning "
"`Option<T>` can use the `?` operator on `Option<U>` for arbitrary `T` and "
"`U` types."
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md
msgid ""
"A function that returns `Result` cannot use `?` on `Option` and vice versa. "
"However, `Option::ok_or` converts `Option` to `Result` whereas `Result::ok` "
"turns `Result` into `Option`."
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/error.md
msgid "Dynamic Error Types"
msgstr "Types d'erreurs dynamiques"

#: src/error-handling/error.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Sometimes we want to allow any type of error to be returned without writing "
"our own enum covering all the different possibilities. The `std::error::"
"Error` trait makes it easy to create a trait object that can contain any "
"error."
msgstr ""
"Parfois, nous voulons permettre à tout type d'erreur d'être renvoyé sans "
"écrire notre propre énumération couvrant toutes les différentes "
"possibilités. `std::error::Error` rend cela facile."

#: src/error-handling/error.md
msgid "\"count.dat\""
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/error.md
msgid "\"1i3\""
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/error.md
msgid "\"Count: {count}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/error.md
msgid "\"Error: {err}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/error.md
msgid ""
"The `read_count` function can return `std::io::Error` (from file operations) "
"or `std::num::ParseIntError` (from `String::parse`)."
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/error.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Boxing errors saves on code, but gives up the ability to cleanly handle "
"different error cases differently in the program. As such it's generally not "
"a good idea to use `Box<dyn Error>` in the public API of a library, but it "
"can be a good option in a program where you just want to display the error "
"message somewhere."
msgstr ""
"Cela permet d'économiser du code, mais abandonne la possibilité de gérer "
"proprement différents cas d'erreur différemment dans le programme. En tant "
"que tel, ce n'est généralement pas une bonne idée d'utiliser `Box<dyn "
"Error>` dans l'API publique d'un bibliothèque, mais cela peut être une bonne "
"option dans un programme où vous voulez juste afficher le message d'erreur "
"quelque part."

#: src/error-handling/error.md
msgid ""
"Make sure to implement the `std::error::Error` trait when defining a custom "
"error type so it can be boxed. But if you need to support the `no_std` "
"attribute, keep in mind that the `std::error::Error` trait is currently "
"compatible with `no_std` in [nightly](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/"
"issues/103765) only."
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The [`thiserror`](https://docs.rs/thiserror/) and [`anyhow`](https://docs.rs/"
"anyhow/) crates are widely used to simplify error handling."
msgstr ""
"La caisse [thiserror](https://docs.rs/thiserror/) est un moyen populaire de "
"créer un error enum comme nous l'avons fait sur la page précédente :"

#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
msgid ""
"`thiserror` is often used in libraries to create custom error types that "
"implement `From<T>`."
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
msgid ""
"`anyhow` is often used by applications to help with error handling in "
"functions, including adding contextual information to your errors."
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
msgid "\"Found no username in {0}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
msgid "\"Failed to open {path}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
msgid "\"Failed to read\""
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
msgid "\"Username: {username}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
msgid "\"Error: {err:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`thiserror`"
msgstr "\"Erreur\""

#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
msgid ""
"The `Error` derive macro is provided by `thiserror`, and has lots of useful "
"attributes to help define error types in a compact way."
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
msgid "The `std::error::Error` trait is derived automatically."
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
msgid "The message from `#[error]` is used to derive the `Display` trait."
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
msgid "`anyhow`"
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`anyhow::Error` is essentially a wrapper around `Box<dyn Error>`. As such "
"it's again generally not a good choice for the public API of a library, but "
"is widely used in applications."
msgstr ""
"`anyhow::Error` est essentiellement un wrapper autour de `Box<dyn Error>`. "
"En tant que tel, ce n'est généralement pas un bon choix pour l'API publique "
"d'une bibliothèque, mais il est largement utilisé dans les applications."

#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`anyhow::Result<V>` is a type alias for `Result<V, anyhow::Error>`."
msgstr ""
"`anyhow::Result<V>` est un alias de type pour `Result<V, anyhow::Error>`."

#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Actual error type inside of it can be extracted for examination if necessary."
msgstr ""
"Le type d'erreur réel à l'intérieur peut être extrait pour examen si "
"nécessaire."

#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Functionality provided by `anyhow::Result<T>` may be familiar to Go "
"developers, as it provides similar usage patterns and ergonomics to `(T, "
"error)` from Go."
msgstr ""
"La fonctionnalité fournie par `anyhow::Result<T>` peut être familière aux "
"développeurs Go, car elle fournit modèles d'utilisation et ergonomie "
"similaires à `(T, erreur)` de Go."

#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
msgid ""
"`anyhow::Context` is a trait implemented for the standard `Result` and "
"`Option` types. `use anyhow::Context` is necessary to enable `.context()` "
"and `.with_context()` on those types."
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/exercise.md
msgid "Exercise: Rewriting with Result"
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/exercise.md
msgid ""
"The following implements a very simple parser for an expression language. "
"However, it handles errors by panicking. Rewrite it to instead use idiomatic "
"error handling and propagate errors to a return from `main`. Feel free to "
"use `thiserror` and `anyhow`."
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/exercise.md
msgid ""
"HINT: start by fixing error handling in the `parse` function. Once that is "
"working correctly, update `Tokenizer` to implement "
"`Iterator<Item=Result<Token, TokenizerError>>` and handle that in the parser."
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md
msgid "/// An arithmetic operator.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md
msgid "/// A token in the expression language.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md
msgid "/// An expression in the expression language.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md
msgid "/// A reference to a variable.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md
msgid "/// A literal number.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md
msgid "/// A binary operation.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md
msgid "'_'"
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md
msgid "'+'"
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md
msgid "'-'"
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/exercise.md
msgid "\"Unexpected character {c}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md
msgid "\"Unexpected end of input\""
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/exercise.md
msgid "\"Invalid 32-bit integer'\""
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/exercise.md
msgid "\"Unexpected token {tok:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md
msgid "// Look ahead to parse a binary operation if present.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md
msgid "\"10+foo+20-30\""
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md
msgid "\"{expr:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/solution.md
msgid "\"Unexpected character '{0}' in input\""
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/solution.md
msgid "\"Tokenizer error: {0}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/solution.md
msgid "\"Unexpected token {0:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/error-handling/solution.md
msgid "\"Invalid number\""
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "The Rust language has two parts:"
msgstr "Le langage Rust comporte deux parties :"

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "**Safe Rust:** memory safe, no undefined behavior possible."
msgstr ""
"**Safe Rust :** mémoire sécurisée, aucun comportement indéfini possible."

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"**Unsafe Rust:** can trigger undefined behavior if preconditions are "
"violated."
msgstr ""
"**Unsafe Rust :** peut déclencher un comportement indéfini si les conditions "
"préalables ne sont pas respectées."

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"We saw mostly safe Rust in this course, but it's important to know what "
"Unsafe Rust is."
msgstr ""
"Nous verrons principalement Rust sûr dans ce cours, mais il est important de "
"savoir ce qu'est Rust non securisé (_unsafe_)."

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Unsafe code is usually small and isolated, and its correctness should be "
"carefully documented. It is usually wrapped in a safe abstraction layer."
msgstr ""
"Le code dangereux est généralement petit et isolé, et son exactitude doit "
"être soigneusement documenté. Il est généralement enveloppé dans une couche "
"d'abstraction sûre."

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Unsafe Rust gives you access to five new capabilities:"
msgstr "Unsafe Rust vous donne accès à cinq nouvelles fonctionnalités :"

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Dereference raw pointers."
msgstr "Déréférencer les pointeurs bruts."

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Access or modify mutable static variables."
msgstr "Accéder ou modifier des variables statiques mutables."

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Access `union` fields."
msgstr "Accéder aux champs \"union\"."

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Call `unsafe` functions, including `extern` functions."
msgstr ""
"Appelez les fonctions `unsafe`, y compris les fonctions `extern`. \\* Mettre "
"en œuvre les traits \" non sécurisés \"."

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md
msgid "Implement `unsafe` traits."
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"We will briefly cover unsafe capabilities next. For full details, please see "
"[Chapter 19.1 in the Rust Book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch19-01-"
"unsafe-rust.html) and the [Rustonomicon](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/)."
msgstr ""
"Nous aborderons ensuite brièvement les capacités dangereuses. Pour plus de "
"détails, veuillez consulter [Chapitre 19.1 du Rust Book](https://doc.rust-"
"lang.org/book/ch19-01-unsafe-rust.html) et le [Rustonomicon](https://doc."
"rust-lang.org/nomicon/)."

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Unsafe Rust does not mean the code is incorrect. It means that developers "
"have turned off some compiler safety features and have to write correct code "
"by themselves. It means the compiler no longer enforces Rust's memory-safety "
"rules."
msgstr ""
"Unsafe Rust ne signifie pas que le code est incorrect. Cela signifie que les "
"développeurs ont désactivé les fonctionnalités de sécurité du compilateur et "
"doit écrire le code correct en eux-mêmes. Cela signifie que le compilateur "
"n'applique plus les règles de sécurité de la mémoire de Rust."

#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Creating pointers is safe, but dereferencing them requires `unsafe`:"
msgstr ""
"La création de pointeurs est sûre, mais leur déréférencement nécessite "
"`unsafe` :"

#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md
msgid "\"careful!\""
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md
msgid ""
"// Safe because r1 and r2 were obtained from references and so are\n"
"    // guaranteed to be non-null and properly aligned, the objects "
"underlying\n"
"    // the references from which they were obtained are live throughout the\n"
"    // whole unsafe block, and they are not accessed either through the\n"
"    // references or concurrently through any other pointers.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md
msgid "\"r1 is: {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md
msgid "\"uhoh\""
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md
msgid "\"r2 is: {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md
msgid ""
"// NOT SAFE. DO NOT DO THIS.\n"
"    /*\n"
"    let r3: &String = unsafe { &*r1 };\n"
"    drop(s);\n"
"    println!(\"r3 is: {}\", *r3);\n"
"    */"
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"It is good practice (and required by the Android Rust style guide) to write "
"a comment for each `unsafe` block explaining how the code inside it "
"satisfies the safety requirements of the unsafe operations it is doing."
msgstr ""
"Il est recommandé (et requis par le guide de style Android Rust) d'écrire un "
"commentaire pour chaque Bloc `unsafe` expliquant comment le code à "
"l'intérieur satisfait aux exigences de sécurité de l'unsafe opérations qu'il "
"effectue."

#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"In the case of pointer dereferences, this means that the pointers must be "
"[_valid_](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ptr/index.html#safety), i.e.:"
msgstr ""
"Dans le cas des déréférencements de pointeurs, cela signifie que les "
"pointeurs doivent être [_valid_](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ptr/index."
"html#safety), c'est-à-dire :"

#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "The pointer must be non-null."
msgstr "Le pointeur doit être non nul."

#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The pointer must be _dereferenceable_ (within the bounds of a single "
"allocated object)."
msgstr ""
"Le pointeur doit être _dereferenceable_ (dans les limites d'un seul objet "
"alloué)."

#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "The object must not have been deallocated."
msgstr "L'objet ne doit pas avoir été désalloué."

#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "There must not be concurrent accesses to the same location."
msgstr "Il ne doit pas y avoir d'accès simultanés au même endroit."

#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"If the pointer was obtained by casting a reference, the underlying object "
"must be live and no reference may be used to access the memory."
msgstr ""
"Si le pointeur a été obtenu en transtypant une référence, l'objet sous-"
"jacent doit être actif et non référence peut être utilisée pour accéder à la "
"mémoire."

#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "In most cases the pointer must also be properly aligned."
msgstr ""
"Dans la plupart des cas, le pointeur doit également être correctement aligné."

#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md
msgid ""
"The \"NOT SAFE\" section gives an example of a common kind of UB bug: `*r1` "
"has the `'static` lifetime, so `r3` has type `&'static String`, and thus "
"outlives `s`. Creating a reference from a pointer requires _great care_."
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "It is safe to read an immutable static variable:"
msgstr "Il est sûr de lire une variable statique immuable :"

#: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "\"Hello, world!\""
msgstr "Bonjour le monde!"

#: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md
msgid "\"HELLO_WORLD: {HELLO_WORLD}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"However, since data races can occur, it is unsafe to read and write mutable "
"static variables:"
msgstr ""
"Cependant, étant donné que des courses de données peuvent se produire, il "
"n'est pas sûr de lire et d'écrire mutable variables statiques :"

#: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md
msgid "\"COUNTER: {COUNTER}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md
msgid ""
"The program here is safe because it is single-threaded. However, the Rust "
"compiler is conservative and will assume the worst. Try removing the "
"`unsafe` and see how the compiler explains that it is undefined behavior to "
"mutate a static from multiple threads."
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Using a mutable static is generally a bad idea, but there are some cases "
"where it might make sense in low-level `no_std` code, such as implementing a "
"heap allocator or working with some C APIs."
msgstr ""
"L'utilisation d'une statique mutable est généralement une mauvaise idée, "
"mais il y a des cas où cela peut avoir du sens dans le code `no_std` de bas "
"niveau, comme l'implémentation d'un allocation de tas ou l'utilisation de "
"certaines API C."

#: src/unsafe-rust/unions.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Unions are like enums, but you need to track the active field yourself:"
msgstr ""
"Les unions sont comme des énumérations, mais vous devez suivre vous-même le "
"champ actif :"

#: src/unsafe-rust/unions.md
msgid "\"int: {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/unions.md
msgid "\"bool: {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/unions.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "// Undefined behavior!\n"
msgstr "Aucun comportement indéfini à l'exécution :"

#: src/unsafe-rust/unions.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Unions are very rarely needed in Rust as you can usually use an enum. They "
"are occasionally needed for interacting with C library APIs."
msgstr ""
"Les unions sont très rarement nécessaires dans Rust car vous pouvez "
"généralement utiliser une énumération. Ils sont parfois nécessaires pour "
"interagir avec les API de la bibliothèque C."

#: src/unsafe-rust/unions.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"If you just want to reinterpret bytes as a different type, you probably want "
"[`std::mem::transmute`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/mem/fn."
"transmute.html) or a safe wrapper such as the [`zerocopy`](https://crates.io/"
"crates/zerocopy) crate."
msgstr ""
"Si vous voulez simplement réinterpréter les octets comme un type différent, "
"vous voudrez probablement [`std::mem::transmute`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/"
"stable/std/mem/fn.transmute.html) ou un coffre-fort wrapper tel que la "
"caisse [`zerocopy`](https://crates.io/crates/zerocopy)."

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
msgid "Calling Unsafe Functions"
msgstr "Appel de fonctions non sécurisées"

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"A function or method can be marked `unsafe` if it has extra preconditions "
"you must uphold to avoid undefined behaviour:"
msgstr ""
"Une fonction ou une méthode peut être marquée \"unsafe\" si elle a des "
"conditions préalables supplémentaires que vous doit respecter pour éviter un "
"comportement indéfini :"

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md src/android/interoperability/with-c.md
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md
#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "\"C\""
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
msgid "\"🗻∈🌏\""
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
msgid ""
"// Safe because the indices are in the correct order, within the bounds of\n"
"    // the string slice, and lie on UTF-8 sequence boundaries.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
msgid "\"emoji: {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
msgid "\"char count: {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "// Undefined behavior if abs misbehaves.\n"
msgstr "Aucun comportement indéfini à l'exécution :"

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
msgid "\"Absolute value of -3 according to C: {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
msgid ""
"// Not upholding the UTF-8 encoding requirement breaks memory safety!\n"
"    // println!(\"emoji: {}\", unsafe { emojis.get_unchecked(0..3) });\n"
"    // println!(\"char count: {}\", count_chars(unsafe {\n"
"    // emojis.get_unchecked(0..3) }));\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
msgid "Writing Unsafe Functions"
msgstr "Ecrire des fonctions non sécurisées"

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"You can mark your own functions as `unsafe` if they require particular "
"conditions to avoid undefined behaviour."
msgstr ""
"Vous pouvez marquer vos propres fonctions comme \"non sécurisées\" si elles "
"nécessitent des conditions particulières pour éviter undefined comportement."

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
msgid ""
"/// Swaps the values pointed to by the given pointers.\n"
"///\n"
"/// # Safety\n"
"///\n"
"/// The pointers must be valid and properly aligned.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
msgid "// Safe because ...\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
msgid "\"a = {}, b = {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`get_unchecked`, like most `_unchecked` functions, is unsafe, because it can "
"create UB if the range is incorrect. `abs` is incorrect for a different "
"reason: it is an external function (FFI). Calling external functions is "
"usually only a problem when those functions do things with pointers which "
"might violate Rust's memory model, but in general any C function might have "
"undefined behaviour under any arbitrary circumstances."
msgstr ""
"Ce n'est généralement un problème que pour les fonctions externes qui font "
"des choses avec des pointeurs qui pourraient violer le modèle de mémoire de "
"Rust, mais en général, toute fonction C peut avoir un comportement indéfini "
"sous n'importe quel circonstances arbitraires."

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
msgid ""
"The `\"C\"` in this example is the ABI; [other ABIs are available too]"
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/items/external-blocks.html)."
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"We wouldn't actually use pointers for a `swap` function - it can be done "
"safely with references."
msgstr ""
"Nous n'utiliserions pas de pointeurs pour cela car cela peut être fait en "
"toute sécurité avec des références."

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Note that unsafe code is allowed within an unsafe function without an "
"`unsafe` block. We can prohibit this with `#[deny(unsafe_op_in_unsafe_fn)]`. "
"Try adding it and see what happens. This will likely change in a future Rust "
"edition."
msgstr ""
"Notez que le code non sécurisé est autorisé dans une fonction non sécurisée "
"sans bloc « non sécurisé ». Nous pouvons interdisez cela avec "
"`#[deny(unsafe_op_in_unsafe_fn)]`. Essayez de l'ajouter et voyez ce qui se "
"passe."

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md
msgid "Implementing Unsafe Traits"
msgstr "Implémentation de traits non sécurisés"

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Like with functions, you can mark a trait as `unsafe` if the implementation "
"must guarantee particular conditions to avoid undefined behaviour."
msgstr ""
"Comme avec les fonctions, vous pouvez marquer un trait comme \"non "
"sécurisé\" si l'implémentation doit garantir conditions particulières pour "
"éviter un comportement indéfini."

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"For example, the `zerocopy` crate has an unsafe trait that looks [something "
"like this](https://docs.rs/zerocopy/latest/zerocopy/trait.AsBytes.html):"
msgstr ""
"Par exemple, la caisse \"zérocopie\" a un trait dangereux qui semble "
"[quelque chose comme ça](https://docs.rs/zerocopy/latest/zerocopy/trait."
"AsBytes.html):"

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md
msgid ""
"/// ...\n"
"/// # Safety\n"
"/// The type must have a defined representation and no padding.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md
msgid "// Safe because u32 has a defined representation and no padding.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"There should be a `# Safety` section on the Rustdoc for the trait explaining "
"the requirements for the trait to be safely implemented."
msgstr ""
"Il devrait y avoir une section `# Sécurité` sur le Rustdoc pour le trait "
"expliquant les exigences pour le trait à mettre en œuvre en toute sécurité."

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The actual safety section for `AsBytes` is rather longer and more "
"complicated."
msgstr ""
"La section de sécurité actuelle pour `AsBytes` est plutôt plus longue et "
"plus compliquée."

#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "The built-in `Send` and `Sync` traits are unsafe."
msgstr "Les traits intégrés \"Envoyer\" et \"Synchroniser\" ne sont pas sûrs."

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
msgid "Safe FFI Wrapper"
msgstr "Enveloppe FFI sécurisée"

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Rust has great support for calling functions through a _foreign function "
"interface_ (FFI). We will use this to build a safe wrapper for the `libc` "
"functions you would use from C to read the names of files in a directory."
msgstr ""
"Rust a un excellent support pour appeler des fonctions via une fonction "
"_foreign interface_ (FFI). Nous allons l'utiliser pour construire un wrapper "
"sûr pour la `libc` fonctions que vous utiliseriez à partir de C pour lire "
"les noms de fichiers d'un répertoire."

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "You will want to consult the manual pages:"
msgstr "Vous voudrez consulter les pages de manuel :"

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "[`opendir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/opendir.3.html)"
msgstr "[`opendir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/opendir.3.html)"

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "[`readdir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/readdir.3.html)"
msgstr "[`readdir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/readdir.3.html)"

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "[`closedir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/closedir.3.html)"
msgstr "[`closedir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/closedir.3.html)"

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
msgid ""
"You will also want to browse the [`std::ffi`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/"
"ffi/) module. There you find a number of string types which you need for the "
"exercise:"
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
msgid "Encoding"
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
msgid "Use"
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
msgid ""
"[`str`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/primitive.str.html) and [`String`]"
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/struct.String.html)"
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
msgid "UTF-8"
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
msgid "Text processing in Rust"
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
msgid ""
"[`CStr`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.CStr.html) and [`CString`]"
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.CString.html)"
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
msgid "NUL-terminated"
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
msgid "Communicating with C functions"
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
msgid ""
"[`OsStr`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.OsStr.html) and "
"[`OsString`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.OsString.html)"
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
msgid "OS-specific"
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
msgid "Communicating with the OS"
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
msgid "You will convert between all these types:"
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
msgid ""
"`&str` to `CString`: you need to allocate space for a trailing `\\0` "
"character,"
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
msgid "`CString` to `*const i8`: you need a pointer to call C functions,"
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
msgid ""
"`*const i8` to `&CStr`: you need something which can find the trailing `\\0` "
"character,"
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
msgid ""
"`&CStr` to `&[u8]`: a slice of bytes is the universal interface for \"some "
"unknown data\","
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
msgid ""
"`&[u8]` to `&OsStr`: `&OsStr` is a step towards `OsString`, use [`OsStrExt`]"
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/os/unix/ffi/trait.OsStrExt.html) to create it,"
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
msgid ""
"`&OsStr` to `OsString`: you need to clone the data in `&OsStr` to be able to "
"return it and call `readdir` again."
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
msgid ""
"The [Nomicon](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/ffi.html) also has a very "
"useful chapter about FFI."
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Copy the code below to <https://play.rust-lang.org/> and fill in the missing "
"functions and methods:"
msgstr ""
"Copiez le code ci-dessous sur <https://play.rust-lang.org/> et remplissez "
"les champs manquants fonctions et méthodes :"

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
msgid "\"macos\""
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
msgid "// Opaque type. See https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/ffi.html.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
msgid ""
"// Layout according to the Linux man page for readdir(3), where ino_t and\n"
"    // off_t are resolved according to the definitions in\n"
"    // /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/{sys/types.h, bits/typesizes.h}.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
msgid "// Layout according to the macOS man page for dir(5).\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
msgid "\"x86_64\""
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
msgid ""
"// See https://github.com/rust-lang/libc/issues/414 and the section on\n"
"        // _DARWIN_FEATURE_64_BIT_INODE in the macOS man page for stat(2).\n"
"        //\n"
"        // \"Platforms that existed before these updates were available\" "
"refers\n"
"        // to macOS (as opposed to iOS / wearOS / etc.) on Intel and "
"PowerPC.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
msgid "\"readdir$INODE64\""
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
msgid ""
"// Call opendir and return a Ok value if that worked,\n"
"        // otherwise return Err with a message.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
msgid "// Keep calling readdir until we get a NULL pointer back.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
msgid "// Call closedir as needed.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
msgid "\".\""
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
msgid "\"files: {:#?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
msgid "\"Invalid path: {err}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
msgid "// SAFETY: path.as_ptr() cannot be NULL.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
msgid "\"Could not open {:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
msgid ""
"// Keep calling readdir until we get a NULL pointer back.\n"
"        // SAFETY: self.dir is never NULL.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
msgid "// We have reached the end of the directory.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
msgid ""
"// SAFETY: dirent is not NULL and dirent.d_name is NUL\n"
"        // terminated.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
msgid "// SAFETY: self.dir is not NULL.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
msgid "\"Could not close {:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
msgid "\"no-such-directory\""
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
msgid "\"Non UTF-8 character in path\""
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
msgid "\"..\""
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
msgid "\"foo.txt\""
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
msgid "\"The Foo Diaries\\n\""
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
msgid "\"bar.png\""
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
msgid "\"<PNG>\\n\""
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
msgid "\"crab.rs\""
msgstr ""

#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
msgid "\"//! Crab\\n\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Welcome to Rust in Android"
msgstr "Bienvenue au jour 1"

#: src/android.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Rust is supported for system software on Android. This means that you can "
"write new services, libraries, drivers or even firmware in Rust (or improve "
"existing code as needed)."
msgstr ""
"Rust est pris en charge pour le développement de plates-formes natives sur "
"Android. Cela signifie que vous pouvez écrire de nouveaux services de "
"système d'exploitation dans Rust, ainsi que l'extension prestations "
"existantes."

#: src/android.md
msgid ""
"We will attempt to call Rust from one of your own projects today. So try to "
"find a little corner of your code base where we can move some lines of code "
"to Rust. The fewer dependencies and \"exotic\" types the better. Something "
"that parses some raw bytes would be ideal."
msgstr ""
"Nous allons essayer d'appeler Rust depuis l'un de vos propres projets "
"aujourd'hui. Alors essayez de trouver un petit coin de votre code où nous "
"pouvons déplacer quelques lignes de code vers Rust. Le moins il y a de "
"dépendances et de types \"exotiques\", le mieux c'est. Quelque chose qui "
"analyse quelques octets de donnée brute serait idéal."

#: src/android.md
msgid ""
"The speaker may mention any of the following given the increased use of Rust "
"in Android:"
msgstr ""

#: src/android.md
msgid ""
"Service example: [DNS over HTTP](https://security.googleblog.com/2022/07/dns-"
"over-http3-in-android.html)"
msgstr ""

#: src/android.md
msgid ""
"Libraries: [Rutabaga Virtual Graphics Interface](https://crosvm.dev/book/"
"appendix/rutabaga_gfx.html)"
msgstr ""

#: src/android.md
msgid ""
"Kernel Drivers: [Binder](https://lore.kernel.org/rust-for-linux/20231101-"
"rust-binder-v1-0-08ba9197f637@google.com/)"
msgstr ""

#: src/android.md
msgid ""
"Firmware: [pKVM firmware](https://security.googleblog.com/2023/10/bare-metal-"
"rust-in-android.html)"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/setup.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"We will be using a Cuttlefish Android Virtual Device to test our code. Make "
"sure you have access to one or create a new one with:"
msgstr ""
"Nous utiliserons un appareil virtuel Android pour tester notre code. Assurez-"
"vous que vous avez accéder à un ou en créer un nouveau avec :"

#: src/android/setup.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Please see the [Android Developer Codelab](https://source.android.com/docs/"
"setup/start) for details."
msgstr ""
"Veuillez consulter le \\[Développeur Android Codelab\\] (https://source."
"android.com/docs/setup/start) pour plus de détails."

#: src/android/setup.md
msgid ""
"Cuttlefish is a reference Android device designed to work on generic Linux "
"desktops. MacOS support is also planned."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/setup.md
msgid ""
"The Cuttlefish system image maintains high fidelity to real devices, and is "
"the ideal emulator to run many Rust use cases."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/build-rules.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "The Android build system (Soong) supports Rust via a number of modules:"
msgstr ""
"Le système de construction Android (Soong) prend en charge Rust via un "
"certain nombre de modules :"

#: src/android/build-rules.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Module Type"
msgstr "Type de module"

#: src/android/build-rules.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Description"
msgstr "Descriptif"

#: src/android/build-rules.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`rust_binary`"
msgstr "`rust_binaire`"

#: src/android/build-rules.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Produces a Rust binary."
msgstr "Produit un binaire Rust."

#: src/android/build-rules.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`rust_library`"
msgstr "`rust_library`"

#: src/android/build-rules.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Produces a Rust library, and provides both `rlib` and `dylib` variants."
msgstr ""
"Produit une bibliothèque Rust et fournit les variantes `rlib` et `dylib`."

#: src/android/build-rules.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`rust_ffi`"
msgstr "`rust_ffi`"

#: src/android/build-rules.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Produces a Rust C library usable by `cc` modules, and provides both static "
"and shared variants."
msgstr ""
"Produit une bibliothèque Rust C utilisable par les modules `cc` et fournit "
"des variantes statiques et partagées."

#: src/android/build-rules.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`rust_proc_macro`"
msgstr "`rust_proc_macro`"

#: src/android/build-rules.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Produces a `proc-macro` Rust library. These are analogous to compiler "
"plugins."
msgstr ""
"Produit une bibliothèque Rust `proc-macro`. Ceux-ci sont analogues aux "
"plugins du compilateur."

#: src/android/build-rules.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`rust_test`"
msgstr "`rust_test`"

#: src/android/build-rules.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Produces a Rust test binary that uses the standard Rust test harness."
msgstr ""
"Produit un binaire de test Rust qui utilise le harnais de test Rust standard."

#: src/android/build-rules.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`rust_fuzz`"
msgstr "`rust_fuzz`"

#: src/android/build-rules.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Produces a Rust fuzz binary leveraging `libfuzzer`."
msgstr "Produit un exécutable Rust fuzz utilisant `libfuzzer`."

#: src/android/build-rules.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`rust_protobuf`"
msgstr "`rust_protobuf`"

#: src/android/build-rules.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Generates source and produces a Rust library that provides an interface for "
"a particular protobuf."
msgstr ""
"Génère la source et produit une bibliothèque Rust qui fournit une interface "
"pour un protobuf particulier."

#: src/android/build-rules.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`rust_bindgen`"
msgstr "`rust_bindgen`"

#: src/android/build-rules.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Generates source and produces a Rust library containing Rust bindings to C "
"libraries."
msgstr ""
"Génère la source et produit une bibliothèque Rust contenant des liaisons "
"Rust aux bibliothèques C."

#: src/android/build-rules.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "We will look at `rust_binary` and `rust_library` next."
msgstr "Nous examinerons ensuite `rust_binary` et `rust_library`."

#: src/android/build-rules.md
msgid "Additional items speaker may mention:"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/build-rules.md
msgid ""
"Cargo is not optimized for multi-language repos, and also downloads packages "
"from the internet."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/build-rules.md
msgid ""
"For compliance and performance, Android must have crates in-tree. It must "
"also interop with C/C++/Java code. Soong fills that gap."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/build-rules.md
msgid ""
"Soong has many similarities to Bazel, which is the open-source variant of "
"Blaze (used in google3)."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/build-rules.md
msgid ""
"There is a plan to transition [Android](https://source.android.com/docs/"
"setup/build/bazel/introduction), [ChromeOS](https://chromium.googlesource."
"com/chromiumos/bazel/), and [Fuchsia](https://source.android.com/docs/setup/"
"build/bazel/introduction) to Bazel."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/build-rules.md
msgid "Learning Bazel-like build rules is useful for all Rust OS developers."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/build-rules.md
msgid "Fun fact: Data from Star Trek is a Soong-type Android."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md
msgid "Rust Binaries"
msgstr "Binaires Rust"

#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Let us start with a simple application. At the root of an AOSP checkout, "
"create the following files:"
msgstr ""
"Commençons par une application simple. A la racine d'une caisse AOSP, créez "
"les fichiers suivants :"

#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md src/android/build-rules/library.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_hello_rust/Android.bp_:"
msgstr "_hello_rust/Android.bp_ :"

#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md
msgid "\"hello_rust\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md src/android/build-rules/library.md
#: src/android/logging.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "\"src/main.rs\""
msgstr "`src/main.rs` :"

#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md src/android/build-rules/library.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_hello_rust/src/main.rs_:"
msgstr "_hello_rust/src/main.rs_ :"

#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md src/android/build-rules/library.md
msgid "//! Rust demo.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md src/android/build-rules/library.md
msgid "/// Prints a greeting to standard output.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md
msgid "\"Hello from Rust!\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "You can now build, push, and run the binary:"
msgstr "Vous pouvez maintenant compiler, envoyer et exécuter le binaire :"

#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md
msgid ""
"```shell\n"
"m hello_rust\n"
"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/hello_rust\" /data/local/tmp\n"
"adb shell /data/local/tmp/hello_rust\n"
"```"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/build-rules/library.md
msgid "Rust Libraries"
msgstr "Bibliothèques Rust"

#: src/android/build-rules/library.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "You use `rust_library` to create a new Rust library for Android."
msgstr ""
"Vous utilisez `rust_library` pour créer une nouvelle bibliothèque Rust pour "
"Android."

#: src/android/build-rules/library.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Here we declare a dependency on two libraries:"
msgstr "Ici, nous déclarons une dépendance sur deux bibliothèques :"

#: src/android/build-rules/library.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`libgreeting`, which we define below,"
msgstr "`libgreeting`, que nous définissons ci-dessous,"

#: src/android/build-rules/library.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`libtextwrap`, which is a crate already vendored in [`external/rust/crates/`]"
"(https://cs.android.com/android/platform/superproject/+/master:external/rust/"
"crates/)."
msgstr ""
"`libtextwrap`, qui est une caisse déjà disponible dans \\[`external/rust/"
"crates/`\\]\\[crates\\]."

#: src/android/build-rules/library.md
msgid "\"hello_rust_with_dep\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/build-rules/library.md
msgid "\"libgreetings\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/build-rules/library.md
msgid "\"libtextwrap\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/build-rules/library.md
msgid "// Need this to avoid dynamic link error.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/build-rules/library.md
msgid "\"greetings\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/build-rules/library.md
#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service.md src/android/testing.md
#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "\"src/lib.rs\""
msgstr "`src/main.rs` :"

#: src/android/build-rules/library.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_hello_rust/src/lib.rs_:"
msgstr "_hello_rust/src/lib.rs_ :"

#: src/android/build-rules/library.md
msgid "//! Greeting library.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/build-rules/library.md
msgid "/// Greet `name`.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/build-rules/library.md
msgid "\"Hello {name}, it is very nice to meet you!\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/build-rules/library.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "You build, push, and run the binary like before:"
msgstr "Vous construisez, poussez et exécutez le binaire comme avant :"

#: src/android/build-rules/library.md
msgid ""
"```shell\n"
"m hello_rust_with_dep\n"
"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/hello_rust_with_dep\" /data/local/"
"tmp\n"
"adb shell /data/local/tmp/hello_rust_with_dep\n"
"```"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The [Android Interface Definition Language (AIDL)](https://developer.android."
"com/guide/components/aidl) is supported in Rust:"
msgstr ""
"Le [langage de définition d'interface Android (AIDL)](https://developer."
"android.com/guide/components/aidl) est pris en charge dans Rust :"

#: src/android/aidl.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Rust code can call existing AIDL servers,"
msgstr "Le code Rust peut appeler des serveurs AIDL existants,"

#: src/android/aidl.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "You can create new AIDL servers in Rust."
msgstr "Vous pouvez créer de nouveaux serveurs AIDL dans Rust."

#: src/android/aidl/birthday-service.md
msgid ""
"To illustrate how to use Rust with Binder, we're going to walk through the "
"process of creating a Binder interface. We're then going to both implement "
"the described service and write client code that talks to that service."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/interface.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "AIDL Interfaces"
msgstr "Interfaces AIDL"

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/interface.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "You declare the API of your service using an AIDL interface:"
msgstr "Vous déclarez l'API de votre service à l'aide d'une interface AIDL :"

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/interface.md
#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service-bindings.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"_birthday_service/aidl/com/example/birthdayservice/IBirthdayService.aidl_:"
msgstr ""
"_service_anniversaire/aidl/com/exemple/serviceanniversaire/IBirthdayService."
"aidl_ :"

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/interface.md
#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service-bindings.md
#: src/android/aidl/example-service/changing-definition.md
msgid "/** Birthday service interface. */"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/interface.md
#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service-bindings.md
#: src/android/aidl/example-service/changing-definition.md
msgid "/** Generate a Happy Birthday message. */"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/interface.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_birthday_service/aidl/Android.bp_:"
msgstr "_service_anniversaire/aidl/Android.bp_ :"

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/interface.md
msgid "\"com.example.birthdayservice\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/interface.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "\"com/example/birthdayservice/*.aidl\""
msgstr ""
"_service_anniversaire/aidl/com/exemple/serviceanniversaire/IBirthdayService."
"aidl_ :"

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/interface.md
msgid "// Rust is not enabled by default\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/interface.md
msgid ""
"Note that the directory structure under the `aidl/` directory needs to match "
"the package name used in the AIDL file, i.e. the package is `com.example."
"birthdayservice` and the file is at `aidl/com/example/IBirthdayService.aidl`."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service-bindings.md
msgid "Generated Service API"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service-bindings.md
msgid ""
"Binder generates a trait corresponding to the interface definition. trait to "
"talk to the service."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service-bindings.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_Generated trait_:"
msgstr "Rust non sécurisé (_unsafe_)"

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service-bindings.md
msgid ""
"Your service will need to implement this trait, and your client will use "
"this trait to talk to the service."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service-bindings.md
msgid ""
"The generated bindings can be found at `out/soong/.intermediates/<path to "
"module>/`."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service-bindings.md
msgid ""
"Point out how the generated function signature, specifically the argument "
"and return types, correspond the interface definition."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service-bindings.md
msgid ""
"`String` for an argument results in a different Rust type than `String` as a "
"return type."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Service Implementation"
msgstr "Mise en œuvre des services"

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "We can now implement the AIDL service:"
msgstr "Nous pouvons maintenant implémenter le service AIDL :"

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service.md
#: src/android/aidl/example-service/changing-implementation.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_birthday_service/src/lib.rs_:"
msgstr "_service_anniversaire/src/lib.rs_ :"

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "/// The `IBirthdayService` implementation.\n"
msgstr "Mise en œuvre des services"

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service.md
#: src/android/aidl/example-service/changing-implementation.md
#: src/android/aidl/types/file-descriptor.md
msgid "\"Happy Birthday {name}, congratulations with the {years} years!\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service.md
#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md
#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_birthday_service/Android.bp_:"
msgstr "_service_anniversaire/Android.bp_ :"

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service.md
#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "\"libbirthdayservice\""
msgstr "_service_anniversaire/src/lib.rs_ :"

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service.md
#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md
#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "\"birthdayservice\""
msgstr "_service_anniversaire/src/lib.rs_ :"

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service.md
#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md
#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md
msgid "\"com.example.birthdayservice-rust\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service.md
#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md
#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md
msgid "\"libbinder_rs\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service.md
msgid ""
"Point out the path to the generated `IBirthdayService` trait, and explain "
"why each of the segments is necessary."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/service.md
msgid ""
"TODO: What does the `binder::Interface` trait do? Are there methods to "
"override? Where source?"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "AIDL Server"
msgstr "Serveur AIDL"

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Finally, we can create a server which exposes the service:"
msgstr "Enfin, nous pouvons créer un serveur qui expose le service :"

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_birthday_service/src/server.rs_:"
msgstr "_service_anniversaire/src/server.rs_ :"

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md
msgid "//! Birthday service.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md
msgid "/// Entry point for birthday service.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md
msgid "\"Failed to register service\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "\"birthday_server\""
msgstr "_service_anniversaire/src/lib.rs_ :"

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "\"src/server.rs\""
msgstr "`src/main.rs` :"

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md
#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md
msgid "// To avoid dynamic link error.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md
msgid ""
"The process for taking a user-defined service implementation (in this case "
"the `BirthdayService` type, which implements the `IBirthdayService`) and "
"starting it as a Binder service has multiple steps, and may appear more "
"complicated than students are used to if they've used Binder from C++ or "
"another language. Explain to students why each step is necessary."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md
msgid "Create an instance of your service type (`BirthdayService`)."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md
msgid ""
"Wrap the service object in corresponding `Bn*` type (`BnBirthdayService` in "
"this case). This type is generated by Binder and provides the common Binder "
"functionality that would be provided by the `BnBinder` base class in C++. We "
"don't have inheritance in Rust, so instead we use composition, putting our "
"`BirthdayService` within the generated `BnBinderService`."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md
msgid ""
"Call `add_service`, giving it a service identifier and your service object "
"(the `BnBirthdayService` object in the example)."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/server.md
msgid ""
"Call `join_thread_pool` to add the current thread to Binder's thread pool "
"and start listening for connections."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/deploy.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "We can now build, push, and start the service:"
msgstr "Nous pouvons maintenant créer, pousser et démarrer le service :"

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/deploy.md
msgid ""
"```shell\n"
"m birthday_server\n"
"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/birthday_server\" /data/local/"
"tmp\n"
"adb root\n"
"adb shell /data/local/tmp/birthday_server\n"
"```"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/deploy.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "In another terminal, check that the service runs:"
msgstr "Dans un autre terminal, vérifiez que le service s'exécute :"

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/deploy.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "You can also call the service with `service call`:"
msgstr "Vous pouvez également appeler le service avec `service call` :"

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "AIDL Client"
msgstr "Client AIDL"

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Finally, we can create a Rust client for our new service."
msgstr "Enfin, nous pouvons créer un client Rust pour notre nouveau service."

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md
#: src/android/aidl/example-service/changing-implementation.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_birthday_service/src/client.rs_:"
msgstr "_service_anniversaire/src/client.rs_ :"

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md
msgid "/// Call the birthday service.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md src/android/aidl/types/objects.md
#: src/android/aidl/types/parcelables.md
#: src/android/aidl/types/file-descriptor.md
msgid "\"Failed to connect to BirthdayService\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md
msgid "// Call the service.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md
msgid "\"{msg}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "\"birthday_client\""
msgstr "_service_anniversaire/src/client.rs_ :"

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "\"src/client.rs\""
msgstr "`src/main.rs` :"

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Notice that the client does not depend on `libbirthdayservice`."
msgstr "Notez que le client ne dépend pas de `libbirthdayservice`."

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Build, push, and run the client on your device:"
msgstr "Créez, transférez et exécutez le client sur votre appareil :"

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md
msgid ""
"```shell\n"
"m birthday_client\n"
"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/birthday_client\" /data/local/"
"tmp\n"
"adb shell /data/local/tmp/birthday_client Charlie 60\n"
"```"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md
msgid ""
"`Strong<dyn IBirthdayService>` is the trait object representing the service "
"that the client has connected to."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md
msgid ""
"`Strong` is a custom smart pointer type for Binder. It handles both an in-"
"process ref count for the service trait object, and the global Binder ref "
"count that tracks how many processes have a reference to the object."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md
msgid ""
"Note that the trait object that the client uses to talk to the service uses "
"the exact same trait that the server implements. For a given Binder "
"interface, there is a single Rust trait generated that both client and "
"server use."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/client.md
msgid ""
"Use the same service identifier used when registering the service. This "
"should ideally be defined in a common crate that both the client and server "
"can depend on."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/changing-definition.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Let us extend the API with more functionality: we want to let clients "
"specify a list of lines for the birthday card:"
msgstr ""
"Étendons l'API avec plus de fonctionnalités : nous voulons laisser les "
"clients spécifier un liste des lignes pour la carte d'anniversaire :"

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/changing-definition.md
msgid "This results in an updated trait definition for `IBirthdayService`:"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/changing-definition.md
msgid ""
"Note how the `String[]` in the AIDL definition is translated as a "
"`&[String]` in Rust, i.e. that idiomatic Rust types are used in the "
"generated bindings wherever possible:"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/changing-definition.md
msgid "`in` array arguments are translated to slices."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/changing-definition.md
msgid "`out` and `inout` args are translated to `&mut Vec<T>`."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/changing-definition.md
msgid "Return values are translated to returning a `Vec<T>`."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/changing-implementation.md
msgid "Updating Client and Service"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/changing-implementation.md
msgid "Update the client and server code to account for the new API."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/changing-implementation.md
msgid "'\\n'"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/changing-implementation.md
msgid "\"Habby birfday to yuuuuu\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/changing-implementation.md
msgid "\"And also: many more\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/example-service/changing-implementation.md
msgid ""
"TODO: Move code snippets into project files where they'll actually be built?"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types.md
msgid "Working With AIDL Types"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types.md
msgid "AIDL types translate into the appropriate idiomatic Rust type:"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types.md
msgid "Primitive types map (mostly) to idiomatic Rust types."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types.md
msgid "Collection types like slices, `Vec`s and string types are supported."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types.md
msgid ""
"References to AIDL objects and file handles can be sent between clients and "
"services."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types.md
msgid "File handles and parcelables are fully supported."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md
msgid "Primitive types map (mostly) idiomatically:"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "AIDL Type"
msgstr "AIDL"

#: src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md src/android/aidl/types/arrays.md
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Rust Type"
msgstr "Rust by Example"

#: src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md
msgid "Note"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`boolean`"
msgstr "`&[u8]`"

#: src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md
msgid "`byte`"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md
msgid "`i8`"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md
msgid "Note that bytes are signed."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md
msgid "`u16`"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md
msgid "Note the usage of `u16`, NOT `u32`."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md
msgid "`int`"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md
msgid "`i32`"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md
msgid "`long`"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md
msgid "`i64`"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md
msgid "`float`"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md
msgid "`f32`"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md
msgid "`double`"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/primitives.md
msgid "`f64`"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/arrays.md
msgid ""
"The array types (`T[]`, `byte[]`, and `List<T>`) get translated to the "
"appropriate Rust array type depending on how they are used in the function "
"signature:"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/arrays.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Position"
msgstr "Descriptif"

#: src/android/aidl/types/arrays.md
msgid "`in` argument"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/arrays.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`&[T]`"
msgstr "Tranches"

#: src/android/aidl/types/arrays.md
msgid "`out`/`inout` argument"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/arrays.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`&mut Vec<T>`"
msgstr "`Vec`"

#: src/android/aidl/types/arrays.md
msgid "Return"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/arrays.md
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`Vec<T>`"
msgstr "`Vec`"

#: src/android/aidl/types/arrays.md
msgid ""
"In Android 13 or higher, fixed-size arrays are supported, i.e. `T[N]` "
"becomes `[T; N]`. Fixed-size arrays can have multiple dimensions (e.g. "
"int\\[3\\]\\[4\\]). In the Java backend, fixed-size arrays are represented "
"as array types."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/arrays.md
msgid "Arrays in parcelable fields always get translated to `Vec<T>`."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/objects.md
msgid ""
"AIDL objects can be sent either as a concrete AIDL type or as the type-"
"erased `IBinder` interface:"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/objects.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"**birthday_service/aidl/com/example/birthdayservice/IBirthdayInfoProvider."
"aidl**:"
msgstr ""
"_service_anniversaire/aidl/com/exemple/serviceanniversaire/IBirthdayService."
"aidl_ :"

#: src/android/aidl/types/objects.md src/android/aidl/types/parcelables.md
#: src/android/aidl/types/file-descriptor.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"**birthday_service/aidl/com/example/birthdayservice/IBirthdayService.aidl**:"
msgstr ""
"_service_anniversaire/aidl/com/exemple/serviceanniversaire/IBirthdayService."
"aidl_ :"

#: src/android/aidl/types/objects.md
msgid "/** The same thing, but using a binder object. */"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/objects.md
msgid "/** The same thing, but using `IBinder`. */"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/objects.md src/android/aidl/types/parcelables.md
#: src/android/aidl/types/file-descriptor.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "**birthday_service/src/client.rs**:"
msgstr "_service_anniversaire/src/client.rs_ :"

#: src/android/aidl/types/objects.md
msgid "/// Rust struct implementing the `IBirthdayInfoProvider` interface.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/objects.md
msgid "// Create a binder object for the `IBirthdayInfoProvider` interface.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/objects.md
msgid "// Send the binder object to the service.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/objects.md
msgid ""
"// Perform the same operation but passing the provider as an `SpIBinder`.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/objects.md
msgid ""
"Note the usage of `BnBirthdayInfoProvider`. This serves the same purpose as "
"`BnBirthdayService` that we saw previously."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/parcelables.md
msgid "Binder for Rust supports sending parcelables directly:"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/parcelables.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"**birthday_service/aidl/com/example/birthdayservice/BirthdayInfo.aidl**:"
msgstr ""
"_service_anniversaire/aidl/com/exemple/serviceanniversaire/IBirthdayService."
"aidl_ :"

#: src/android/aidl/types/parcelables.md
msgid "/** The same thing, but with a parcelable. */"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/file-descriptor.md
msgid ""
"Files can be sent between Binder clients/servers using the "
"`ParcelFileDescriptor` type:"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/file-descriptor.md
msgid "/** The same thing, but loads info from a file. */"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/file-descriptor.md
msgid "// Open a file and put the birthday info in it.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/file-descriptor.md
msgid "\"/data/local/tmp/birthday.info\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/file-descriptor.md
msgid "\"{name}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/file-descriptor.md
msgid "\"{years}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/file-descriptor.md
msgid "// Create a `ParcelFileDescriptor` from the file and send it.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/file-descriptor.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "**birthday_service/src/lib.rs**:"
msgstr "_service_anniversaire/src/lib.rs_ :"

#: src/android/aidl/types/file-descriptor.md
msgid ""
"// Convert the file descriptor to a `File`. `ParcelFileDescriptor` wraps\n"
"        // an `OwnedFd`, which can be cloned and then used to create a "
"`File`\n"
"        // object.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/file-descriptor.md
msgid "\"Invalid file handle\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/file-descriptor.md
msgid ""
"`ParcelFileDescriptor` wraps an `OwnedFd`, and so can be created from a "
"`File` (or any other type that wraps an `OwnedFd`), and can be used to "
"create a new `File` handle on the other side."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/aidl/types/file-descriptor.md
msgid ""
"Other types of file descriptors can be wrapped and sent, e.g. TCP, UDP, and "
"UNIX sockets."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/testing.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Testing in Android"
msgstr "Rust pour Android"

#: src/android/testing.md
msgid ""
"Building on [Testing](../testing.md), we will now look at how unit tests "
"work in AOSP. Use the `rust_test` module for your unit tests:"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/testing.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_testing/Android.bp_:"
msgstr "_hello_rust/Android.bp_ :"

#: src/android/testing.md
msgid "\"libleftpad\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/testing.md
msgid "\"leftpad\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/testing.md
msgid "\"libleftpad_test\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/testing.md
msgid "\"leftpad_test\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/testing.md src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
msgid "\"general-tests\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/testing.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_testing/src/lib.rs_:"
msgstr "_hello_rust/src/lib.rs_ :"

#: src/android/testing.md
msgid "//! Left-padding library.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/testing.md
msgid "/// Left-pad `s` to `width`.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/testing.md
msgid "\"{s:>width$}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/testing.md
msgid "\"  foo\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/testing.md
msgid "\"foobar\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/testing.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "You can now run the test with"
msgstr "Vous pouvez maintenant générer automatiquement les liaisons :"

#: src/android/testing.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "The output looks like this:"
msgstr "L'approche globale ressemble à ceci:"

#: src/android/testing.md
msgid ""
"```text\n"
"INFO: Elapsed time: 2.666s, Critical Path: 2.40s\n"
"INFO: 3 processes: 2 internal, 1 linux-sandbox.\n"
"INFO: Build completed successfully, 3 total actions\n"
"//comprehensive-rust-android/testing:libleftpad_test_host            PASSED "
"in 2.3s\n"
"    PASSED  libleftpad_test.tests::long_string (0.0s)\n"
"    PASSED  libleftpad_test.tests::short_string (0.0s)\n"
"Test cases: finished with 2 passing and 0 failing out of 2 test cases\n"
"```"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/testing.md
msgid ""
"Notice how you only mention the root of the library crate. Tests are found "
"recursively in nested modules."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/testing/googletest.md
msgid ""
"The [GoogleTest](https://docs.rs/googletest/) crate allows for flexible test "
"assertions using _matchers_:"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/testing/googletest.md
msgid "\"baz\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/testing/googletest.md
msgid "\"xyz\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/testing/googletest.md
msgid ""
"If we change the last element to `\"!\"`, the test fails with a structured "
"error message pin-pointing the error:"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/testing/googletest.md
msgid ""
"GoogleTest is not part of the Rust Playground, so you need to run this "
"example in a local environment. Use `cargo add googletest` to quickly add it "
"to an existing Cargo project."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/testing/googletest.md
msgid ""
"The `use googletest::prelude::*;` line imports a number of [commonly used "
"macros and types](https://docs.rs/googletest/latest/googletest/prelude/index."
"html)."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/testing/googletest.md
msgid "This just scratches the surface, there are many builtin matchers."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/testing/googletest.md
msgid ""
"A particularly nice feature is that mismatches in multi-line strings are "
"shown as a diff:"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/testing/googletest.md
msgid ""
"\"Memory safety found,\\n\\\n"
"                 Rust's strong typing guides the way,\\n\\\n"
"                 Secure code you'll write.\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/testing/googletest.md
msgid ""
"\"Memory safety found,\\n\\\n"
"            Rust's silly humor guides the way,\\n\\\n"
"            Secure code you'll write.\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/testing/googletest.md
msgid "shows a color-coded diff (colors not shown here):"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/testing/googletest.md
msgid ""
"The crate is a Rust port of [GoogleTest for C++](https://google.github.io/"
"googletest/)."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/testing/mocking.md
msgid ""
"For mocking, [Mockall](https://docs.rs/mockall/) is a widely used library. "
"You need to refactor your code to use traits, which you can then quickly "
"mock:"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/testing/mocking.md
msgid ""
"Mockall is the recommended mocking library in Android (AOSP). There are "
"other [mocking libraries available on crates.io](https://crates.io/keywords/"
"mock), in particular in the area of mocking HTTP services. The other mocking "
"libraries work in a similar fashion as Mockall, meaning that they make it "
"easy to get a mock implementation of a given trait."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/testing/mocking.md
msgid ""
"Note that mocking is somewhat _controversial_: mocks allow you to completely "
"isolate a test from its dependencies. The immediate result is faster and "
"more stable test execution. On the other hand, the mocks can be configured "
"wrongly and return output different from what the real dependencies would do."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/testing/mocking.md
msgid ""
"If at all possible, it is recommended that you use the real dependencies. As "
"an example, many databases allow you to configure an in-memory backend. This "
"means that you get the correct behavior in your tests, plus they are fast "
"and will automatically clean up after themselves."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/testing/mocking.md
msgid ""
"Similarly, many web frameworks allow you to start an in-process server which "
"binds to a random port on `localhost`. Always prefer this over mocking away "
"the framework since it helps you test your code in the real environment."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/testing/mocking.md
msgid ""
"Mockall is not part of the Rust Playground, so you need to run this example "
"in a local environment. Use `cargo add mockall` to quickly add Mockall to an "
"existing Cargo project."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/testing/mocking.md
msgid ""
"Mockall has a lot more functionality. In particular, you can set up "
"expectations which depend on the arguments passed. Here we use this to mock "
"a cat which becomes hungry 3 hours after the last time it was fed:"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/testing/mocking.md
msgid ""
"You can use `.times(n)` to limit the number of times a mock method can be "
"called to `n` --- the mock will automatically panic when dropped if this "
"isn't satisfied."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/logging.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"You should use the `log` crate to automatically log to `logcat` (on-device) "
"or `stdout` (on-host):"
msgstr ""
"Vous devez utiliser la caisse `log` pour vous connecter automatiquement à "
"`logcat` (sur l'appareil) ou `stdout` (sur l'hôte) :"

#: src/android/logging.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_hello_rust_logs/Android.bp_:"
msgstr "_hello_rust_logs/Android.bp_ :"

#: src/android/logging.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "\"hello_rust_logs\""
msgstr "_hello_rust_logs/Android.bp_ :"

#: src/android/logging.md
msgid "\"liblog_rust\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/logging.md
msgid "\"liblogger\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/logging.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_hello_rust_logs/src/main.rs_:"
msgstr "_hello_rust_logs/src/main.rs_ :"

#: src/android/logging.md
msgid "//! Rust logging demo.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/logging.md
msgid "/// Logs a greeting.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/logging.md
msgid "\"rust\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/logging.md
msgid "\"Starting program.\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/logging.md
msgid "\"Things are going fine.\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/logging.md
msgid "\"Something went wrong!\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/logging.md src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Build, push, and run the binary on your device:"
msgstr "Compilez, transférez et exécutez le binaire sur votre appareil :"

#: src/android/logging.md
msgid ""
"```shell\n"
"m hello_rust_logs\n"
"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/hello_rust_logs\" /data/local/"
"tmp\n"
"adb shell /data/local/tmp/hello_rust_logs\n"
"```"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/logging.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "The logs show up in `adb logcat`:"
msgstr "Les journaux s'affichent dans `adb logcat` :"

#: src/android/interoperability.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Rust has excellent support for interoperability with other languages. This "
"means that you can:"
msgstr ""
"Rust a un excellent support pour l'interopérabilité avec d'autres langages. "
"Ça signifie Que tu peux:"

#: src/android/interoperability.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Call Rust functions from other languages."
msgstr "Appelez les fonctions Rust à partir d'autres langues."

#: src/android/interoperability.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Call functions written in other languages from Rust."
msgstr "Fonctions d'appel écrites dans d'autres langages depuis Rust."

#: src/android/interoperability.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"When you call functions in a foreign language we say that you're using a "
"_foreign function interface_, also known as FFI."
msgstr ""
"Lorsque vous appelez des fonctions dans une langue étrangère, nous disons "
"que vous utilisez un _interface de fonction étrangère_, également connue "
"sous le nom de FFI."

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Interoperability with C"
msgstr "Interopérabilité avec C"

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Rust has full support for linking object files with a C calling convention. "
"Similarly, you can export Rust functions and call them from C."
msgstr ""
"Rust prend entièrement en charge la liaison de fichiers objets avec une "
"convention d'appel C. De même, vous pouvez exporter des fonctions Rust et "
"les appeler depuis C."

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "You can do it by hand if you want:"
msgstr "Vous pouvez le faire à la main si vous le souhaitez :"

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md
msgid "\"{x}, {abs_x}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"We already saw this in the [Safe FFI Wrapper exercise](../../exercises/day-3/"
"safe-ffi-wrapper.md)."
msgstr ""
"Nous avons déjà vu cela dans le [Safe FFI Wrapper exercice](../../exercises/"
"day-3/safe-ffi-wrapper.md)."

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"This assumes full knowledge of the target platform. Not recommended for "
"production."
msgstr ""
"Cela suppose une parfaite connaissance de la plateforme cible. Non "
"recommandé pour fabrication."

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "We will look at better options next."
msgstr "Nous examinerons ensuite de meilleures options."

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Using Bindgen"
msgstr "Utiliser Bindgen"

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The [bindgen](https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-bindgen/introduction.html) "
"tool can auto-generate bindings from a C header file."
msgstr ""
"L'outil [bindgen](https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-bindgen/introduction."
"html) peut générer automatiquement des liaisons à partir d'un fichier d'en-"
"tête C."

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "First create a small C library:"
msgstr "Créez d'abord une petite bibliothèque C :"

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_interoperability/bindgen/libbirthday.h_:"
msgstr "_interoperability/bindgen/libbirthday.h_ :"

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_interoperability/bindgen/libbirthday.c_:"
msgstr "_interoperability/bindgen/libbirthday.c_ :"

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
msgid "<stdio.h>"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
msgid "\"libbirthday.h\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
msgid "\"+--------------\\n\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
msgid "\"| Happy Birthday %s!\\n\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
msgid "\"| Congratulations with the %i years!\\n\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Add this to your `Android.bp` file:"
msgstr "Ajoutez ceci à votre fichier `Android.bp` :"

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_interoperability/bindgen/Android.bp_:"
msgstr "_interopérabilité/bindgen/Android.bp_ :"

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
msgid "\"libbirthday\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
msgid "\"libbirthday.c\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Create a wrapper header file for the library (not strictly needed in this "
"example):"
msgstr ""
"Créez un fichier d'en-tête wrapper pour la bibliothèque (pas strictement "
"nécessaire dans ce exemple):"

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_interoperability/bindgen/libbirthday_wrapper.h_:"
msgstr "_interoperability/bindgen/libbirthday_wrapper.h_ :"

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "You can now auto-generate the bindings:"
msgstr "Vous pouvez maintenant générer automatiquement les liaisons :"

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
msgid "\"libbirthday_bindgen\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "\"birthday_bindgen\""
msgstr "`rust_bindgen`"

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
msgid "\"libbirthday_wrapper.h\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
msgid "\"bindings\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Finally, we can use the bindings in our Rust program:"
msgstr "Enfin, nous pouvons utiliser les liaisons dans notre programme Rust :"

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
msgid "\"print_birthday_card\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "\"main.rs\""
msgstr "`main.rs` :"

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_interoperability/bindgen/main.rs_:"
msgstr "_interopérabilité/bindgen/main.rs_ :"

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
msgid "//! Bindgen demo.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
msgid "// SAFETY: `print_card` is safe to call with a valid `card` pointer.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
msgid ""
"```shell\n"
"m print_birthday_card\n"
"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/print_birthday_card\" /data/local/"
"tmp\n"
"adb shell /data/local/tmp/print_birthday_card\n"
"```"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Finally, we can run auto-generated tests to ensure the bindings work:"
msgstr ""
"Enfin, nous pouvons exécuter des tests générés automatiquement pour nous "
"assurer que les liaisons fonctionnent :"

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
msgid "\"libbirthday_bindgen_test\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
msgid "\":libbirthday_bindgen\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
msgid "\"none\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
msgid "// Generated file, skip linting\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Calling Rust"
msgstr "Appeler Rust"

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Exporting Rust functions and types to C is easy:"
msgstr "Exporter des fonctions et des types Rust vers C est simple :"

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_interoperability/rust/libanalyze/analyze.rs_"
msgstr "_interopérabilité/rust/libanalyze/analyze.rs_"

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
msgid "//! Rust FFI demo.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
msgid "/// Analyze the numbers.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
msgid "\"x ({x}) is smallest!\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
msgid "\"y ({y}) is probably larger than x ({x})\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_interoperability/rust/libanalyze/analyze.h_"
msgstr "_interopérabilité/rust/libanalyze/analyze.h_"

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_interoperability/rust/libanalyze/Android.bp_"
msgstr "_interopérabilité/rust/libanalyze/Android.bp_"

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
msgid "\"libanalyze_ffi\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
msgid "\"analyze_ffi\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
msgid "\"analyze.rs\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "We can now call this from a C binary:"
msgstr "Nous pouvons maintenant appeler cela à partir d'un binaire C :"

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_interoperability/rust/analyze/main.c_"
msgstr "_interoperability/rust/analyze/main.c_"

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
msgid "\"analyze.h\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
msgid "_interoperability/rust/analyze/Android.bp_"
msgstr "_interoperability/rust/analyze/Android.bp_"

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
msgid "\"analyze_numbers\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
msgid "\"main.c\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
msgid ""
"```shell\n"
"m analyze_numbers\n"
"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/analyze_numbers\" /data/local/"
"tmp\n"
"adb shell /data/local/tmp/analyze_numbers\n"
"```"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`#[no_mangle]` disables Rust's usual name mangling, so the exported symbol "
"will just be the name of the function. You can also use `#[export_name = "
"\"some_name\"]` to specify whatever name you want."
msgstr ""
"`#[no_mangle]` désactive la modification du nom habituel de Rust, de sorte "
"que le symbole exporté sera simplement le nom de la fonction. Vous pouvez "
"également utiliser `#[export_name = \"some_name\"]` pour spécifier le nom "
"que vous voulez."

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The [CXX crate](https://cxx.rs/) makes it possible to do safe "
"interoperability between Rust and C++."
msgstr ""
"La [caisse CXX](https://cxx.rs/) permet de faire une interopérabilité sûre "
"entre Rust et C++."

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "The overall approach looks like this:"
msgstr "L'approche globale ressemble à ceci:"

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md
msgid ""
"CXX relies on a description of the function signatures that will be exposed "
"from each language to the other. You provide this description using extern "
"blocks in a Rust module annotated with the `#[cxx::bridge]` attribute macro."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md
msgid "\"org::blobstore\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md
msgid "// Shared structs with fields visible to both languages.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/generated-cpp.md
msgid "// Rust types and signatures exposed to C++.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/generated-cpp.md
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "\"Rust\""
msgstr "Rustdoc"

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md
msgid "// C++ types and signatures exposed to Rust.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-exception.md
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md
msgid "\"C++\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md
msgid "\"include/blobstore.h\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md
msgid "The bridge is generally declared in an `ffi` module within your crate."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md
msgid ""
"From the declarations made in the bridge module, CXX will generate matching "
"Rust and C++ type/function definitions in order to expose those items to "
"both languages."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md
msgid ""
"To view the generated Rust code, use [cargo-expand](https://github.com/"
"dtolnay/cargo-expand) to view the expanded proc macro. For most of the "
"examples you would use `cargo expand ::ffi` to expand just the `ffi` module "
"(though this doesn't apply for Android projects)."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md
msgid "To view the generated C++ code, look in `target/cxxbridge`."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md
msgid "Rust Bridge Declarations"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md
msgid "// Opaque type\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md
msgid "// Method on `MyType`\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "// Free function\n"
msgstr "Fonctions"

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md
msgid ""
"Items declared in the `extern \"Rust\"` reference items that are in scope in "
"the parent module."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md
msgid ""
"The CXX code generator uses your `extern \"Rust\"` section(s) to produce a C+"
"+ header file containing the corresponding C++ declarations. The generated "
"header has the same path as the Rust source file containing the bridge, "
"except with a .rs.h file extension."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/generated-cpp.md
msgid "Results in (roughly) the following C++:"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md
msgid "C++ Bridge Declarations"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md
msgid "Results in (roughly) the following Rust:"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md
msgid "\"org$blobstore$cxxbridge1$new_blobstore_client\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md
msgid "\"org$blobstore$cxxbridge1$BlobstoreClient$put\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md
msgid ""
"The programmer does not need to promise that the signatures they have typed "
"in are accurate. CXX performs static assertions that the signatures exactly "
"correspond with what is declared in C++."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md
msgid ""
"`unsafe extern` blocks allow you to declare C++ functions that are safe to "
"call from Rust."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-types.md
msgid "// A=1, J=11, Q=12, K=13\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-types.md
msgid "Only C-like (unit) enums are supported."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-types.md
msgid ""
"A limited number of traits are supported for `#[derive()]` on shared types. "
"Corresponding functionality is also generated for the C++ code, e.g. if you "
"derive `Hash` also generates an implementation of `std::hash` for the "
"corresponding C++ type."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-enums.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Generated Rust:"
msgstr "Rust non sécurisé (_unsafe_)"

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-enums.md
msgid "Generated C++:"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-enums.md
msgid ""
"On the Rust side, the code generated for shared enums is actually a struct "
"wrapping a numeric value. This is because it is not UB in C++ for an enum "
"class to hold a value different from all of the listed variants, and our "
"Rust representation needs to have the same behavior."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md
msgid "\"fallible1 requires depth > 0\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md
msgid "\"Success!\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md
msgid ""
"Rust functions that return `Result` are translated to exceptions on the C++ "
"side."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md
msgid ""
"The exception thrown will always be of type `rust::Error`, which primarily "
"exposes a way to get the error message string. The error message will come "
"from the error type's `Display` impl."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md
msgid ""
"A panic unwinding from Rust to C++ will always cause the process to "
"immediately terminate."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-exception.md
msgid "\"example/include/example.h\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-exception.md
msgid "\"Error: {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-exception.md
msgid ""
"C++ functions declared to return a `Result` will catch any thrown exception "
"on the C++ side and return it as an `Err` value to the calling Rust function."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-exception.md
msgid ""
"If an exception is thrown from an extern \"C++\" function that is not "
"declared by the CXX bridge to return `Result`, the program calls C++'s `std::"
"terminate`. The behavior is equivalent to the same exception being thrown "
"through a `noexcept` C++ function."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "C++ Type"
msgstr "Exemple C++"

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`rust::String`"
msgstr "`rust_bindgen`"

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`&str`"
msgstr "`&str`"

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`rust::Str`"
msgstr "`rust_test`"

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`CxxString`"
msgstr "String"

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`std::string`"
msgstr "String"

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
msgid "`&[T]`/`&mut [T]`"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`rust::Slice`"
msgstr "`rust_ffi`"

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
msgid "`rust::Box<T>`"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
msgid "`UniquePtr<T>`"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
msgid "`std::unique_ptr<T>`"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`rust::Vec<T>`"
msgstr "`mpsc::Récepteur<T>`"

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`CxxVector<T>`"
msgstr "`Cellule<T>`"

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`std::vector<T>`"
msgstr "`mpsc::Récepteur<T>`"

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
msgid ""
"These types can be used in the fields of shared structs and the arguments "
"and returns of extern functions."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
msgid ""
"Note that Rust's `String` does not map directly to `std::string`. There are "
"a few reasons for this:"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
msgid ""
"`std::string` does not uphold the UTF-8 invariant that `String` requires."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
msgid ""
"The two types have different layouts in memory and so can't be passed "
"directly between languages."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
msgid ""
"`std::string` requires move constructors that don't match Rust's move "
"semantics, so a `std::string` can't be passed by value to Rust."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-rust.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Building in Android"
msgstr "Rust pour Android"

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md
msgid ""
"Create a `cc_library_static` to build the C++ library, including the CXX "
"generated header and source file."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-rust.md
msgid "\"libcxx_test_cpp\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md
msgid "\"cxx_test.cpp\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md
msgid "\"cxx-bridge-header\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md
msgid "\"libcxx_test_bridge_header\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md
msgid "\"libcxx_test_bridge_code\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md
msgid ""
"Point out that `libcxx_test_bridge_header` and `libcxx_test_bridge_code` are "
"the dependencies for the CXX-generated C++ bindings. We'll show how these "
"are setup on the next slide."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md
msgid ""
"Note that you also need to depend on the `cxx-bridge-header` library in "
"order to pull in common CXX definitions."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md
msgid ""
"Full docs for using CXX in Android can be found in [the Android docs]"
"(https://source.android.com/docs/setup/build/rust/building-rust-modules/"
"android-rust-patterns#rust-cpp-interop-using-cxx). You may want to share "
"that link with the class so that students know where they can find these "
"instructions again in the future."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md
msgid ""
"Create two genrules: One to generate the CXX header, and one to generate the "
"CXX source file. These are then used as inputs to the `cc_library_static`."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md
msgid ""
"// Generate a C++ header containing the C++ bindings\n"
"// to the Rust exported functions in lib.rs.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md
msgid "\"cxxbridge\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md
msgid "\"$(location cxxbridge) $(in) --header > $(out)\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-rust.md
msgid "\"lib.rs\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md
msgid "\"lib.rs.h\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md
msgid "// Generate the C++ code that Rust calls into.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md
msgid "\"$(location cxxbridge) $(in) > $(out)\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md
msgid "\"lib.rs.cc\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md
msgid ""
"The `cxxbridge` tool is a standalone tool that generates the C++ side of the "
"bridge module. It is included in Android and available as a Soong tool."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md
msgid ""
"By convention, if your Rust source file is `lib.rs` your header file will be "
"named `lib.rs.h` and your source file will be named `lib.rs.cc`. This naming "
"convention isn't enforced, though."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-rust.md
msgid ""
"Create a `rust_binary` that depends on `libcxx` and your `cc_library_static`."
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-rust.md
msgid "\"cxx_test\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-rust.md
msgid "\"libcxx\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Interoperability with Java"
msgstr "Interopérabilité avec Java"

#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Java can load shared objects via [Java Native Interface (JNI)](https://en."
"wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Native_Interface). The [`jni` crate](https://docs.rs/"
"jni/) allows you to create a compatible library."
msgstr ""
"Java peut charger des objets partagés via [Java Native Interface (JNI)]"
"(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Native_Interface). Le [`jni` crate]"
"(https://docs.rs/jni/) vous permet de créer une bibliothèque compatible."

#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "First, we create a Rust function to export to Java:"
msgstr "Tout d'abord, nous créons une fonction Rust à exporter vers Java :"

#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_interoperability/java/src/lib.rs_:"
msgstr "_interopérabilité/java/src/lib.rs_ :"

#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
msgid "//! Rust <-> Java FFI demo.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
msgid "/// HelloWorld::hello method implementation.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
msgid "\"system\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
msgid "\"Hello, {input}!\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_interoperability/java/Android.bp_:"
msgstr "_interopérabilité/java/Android.bp_ :"

#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
msgid "\"libhello_jni\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
msgid "\"hello_jni\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
msgid "\"libjni\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "We then call this function from Java:"
msgstr "Enfin, nous pouvons appeler cette fonction depuis Java :"

#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_interoperability/java/HelloWorld.java_:"
msgstr "_interopérabilité/java/HelloWorld.java_ :"

#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
msgid "\"helloworld_jni\""
msgstr ""

#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "\"HelloWorld.java\""
msgstr "Bonjour le monde!"

#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "\"HelloWorld\""
msgstr "Bonjour le monde!"

#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Finally, you can build, sync, and run the binary:"
msgstr "Enfin, vous pouvez créer, synchroniser et exécuter le binaire :"

#: src/exercises/android/morning.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"This is a group exercise: We will look at one of the projects you work with "
"and try to integrate some Rust into it. Some suggestions:"
msgstr ""
"Pour le dernier exercice, nous examinerons l'un des projets sur lesquels "
"vous travaillez. Laissez-nous regroupez-vous et faites-le ensemble. Quelques "
"suggestions:"

#: src/exercises/android/morning.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Call your AIDL service with a client written in Rust."
msgstr "Appelez votre service AIDL avec un client écrit en Rust."

#: src/exercises/android/morning.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Move a function from your project to Rust and call it."
msgstr "Déplacez une fonction de votre projet vers Rust et appelez-la."

#: src/exercises/android/morning.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"No solution is provided here since this is open-ended: it relies on someone "
"in the class having a piece of code which you can turn in to Rust on the fly."
msgstr ""
"Aucune solution n'est proposée ici car celle-ci est ouverte : elle repose "
"sur quelqu'un en la classe ayant un morceau de code que vous pouvez remettre "
"à Rust à la volée."

#: src/chromium.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Welcome to Rust in Chromium"
msgstr "Bienvenue au jour 1"

#: src/chromium.md
msgid ""
"Rust is supported for third-party libraries in Chromium, with first-party "
"glue code to connect between Rust and existing Chromium C++ code."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium.md
msgid ""
"Today, we'll call into Rust to do something silly with strings. If you've "
"got a corner of the code where you're displaying a UTF8 string to the user, "
"feel free to follow this recipe in your part of the codebase instead of the "
"exact part we talk about."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/setup.md
msgid ""
"Make sure you can build and run Chromium. Any platform and set of build "
"flags is OK, so long as your code is relatively recent (commit position "
"1223636 onwards, corresponding to November 2023):"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/setup.md
msgid ""
"(A component, debug build is recommended for quickest iteration time. This "
"is the default!)"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/setup.md
msgid ""
"See [How to build Chromium](https://www.chromium.org/developers/how-tos/get-"
"the-code/) if you aren't already at that point. Be warned: setting up to "
"build Chromium takes time."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/setup.md
msgid "It's also recommended that you have Visual Studio code installed."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/setup.md
msgid "About the exercises"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/setup.md
msgid ""
"This part of the course has a series of exercises which build on each other. "
"We'll be doing them spread throughout the course instead of just at the end. "
"If you don't have time to complete a certain part, don't worry: you can "
"catch up in the next slot."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/cargo.md
msgid ""
"The Rust community typically uses `cargo` and libraries from [crates.io]"
"(https://crates.io/). Chromium is built using `gn` and `ninja` and a curated "
"set of dependencies."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/cargo.md
msgid "When writing code in Rust, your choices are:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/cargo.md
msgid ""
"Use `gn` and `ninja` with the help of the templates from `//build/rust/*."
"gni` (e.g. `rust_static_library` that we'll meet later). This uses "
"Chromium's audited toolchain and crates."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/cargo.md
msgid ""
"Use `cargo`, but [restrict yourself to Chromium's audited toolchain and "
"crates](https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/refs/heads/main/"
"docs/rust.md#Using-cargo)"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/cargo.md
msgid ""
"Use `cargo`, trusting a [toolchain](https://rustup.rs/) and/or [crates "
"downloaded from the internet](https://crates.io/)"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/cargo.md
msgid ""
"From here on we'll be focusing on `gn` and `ninja`, because this is how Rust "
"code can be built into the Chromium browser. At the same time, Cargo is an "
"important part of the Rust ecosystem and you should keep it in your toolbox."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/cargo.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Mini exercise"
msgstr "Exercices"

#: src/chromium/cargo.md
msgid "Split into small groups and:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/cargo.md
msgid ""
"Brainstorm scenarios where `cargo` may offer an advantage and assess the "
"risk profile of these scenarios."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/cargo.md
msgid ""
"Discuss which tools, libraries, and groups of people need to be trusted when "
"using `gn` and `ninja`, offline `cargo`, etc."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/cargo.md
msgid ""
"Ask students to avoid peeking at the speaker notes before completing the "
"exercise. Assuming folks taking the course are physically together, ask them "
"to discuss in small groups of 3-4 people."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/cargo.md
msgid ""
"Notes/hints related to the first part of the exercise (\"scenarios where "
"Cargo may offer an advantage\"):"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/cargo.md
msgid ""
"It's fantastic that when writing a tool, or prototyping a part of Chromium, "
"one has access to the rich ecosystem of crates.io libraries. There is a "
"crate for almost anything and they are usually quite pleasant to use. "
"(`clap` for command-line parsing, `serde` for serializing/deserializing to/"
"from various formats, `itertools` for working with iterators, etc.)."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/cargo.md
msgid ""
"`cargo` makes it easy to try a library (just add a single line to `Cargo."
"toml` and start writing code)"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/cargo.md
msgid ""
"It may be worth comparing how CPAN helped make `perl` a popular choice. Or "
"comparing with `python` + `pip`."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/cargo.md
msgid ""
"Development experience is made really nice not only by core Rust tools (e.g. "
"using `rustup` to switch to a different `rustc` version when testing a crate "
"that needs to work on nightly, current stable, and older stable) but also by "
"an ecosystem of third-party tools (e.g. Mozilla provides `cargo vet` for "
"streamlining and sharing security audits; `criterion` crate gives a "
"streamlined way to run benchmarks)."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/cargo.md
msgid ""
"`cargo` makes it easy to add a tool via `cargo install --locked cargo-vet`."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/cargo.md
msgid "It may be worth comparing with Chrome Extensions or VScode extensions."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/cargo.md
msgid ""
"Broad, generic examples of projects where `cargo` may be the right choice:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/cargo.md
msgid ""
"Perhaps surprisingly, Rust is becoming increasingly popular in the industry "
"for writing command line tools. The breadth and ergonomics of libraries is "
"comparable to Python, while being more robust (thanks to the rich "
"typesystem) and running faster (as a compiled, rather than interpreted "
"language)."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/cargo.md
msgid ""
"Participating in the Rust ecosystem requires using standard Rust tools like "
"Cargo. Libraries that want to get external contributions, and want to be "
"used outside of Chromium (e.g. in Bazel or Android/Soong build environments) "
"should probably use Cargo."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/cargo.md
msgid "Examples of Chromium-related projects that are `cargo`\\-based:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/cargo.md
msgid ""
"`serde_json_lenient` (experimented with in other parts of Google which "
"resulted in PRs with performance improvements)"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/cargo.md
msgid "Fontations libraries like `font-types`"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/cargo.md
msgid ""
"`gnrt` tool (we will meet it later in the course) which depends on `clap` "
"for command-line parsing and on `toml` for configuration files."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/cargo.md
msgid ""
"Disclaimer: a unique reason for using `cargo` was unavailability of `gn` "
"when building and bootstrapping Rust standard library when building Rust "
"toolchain."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/cargo.md
msgid ""
"`run_gnrt.py` uses Chromium's copy of `cargo` and `rustc`. `gnrt` depends on "
"third-party libraries downloaded from the internet, but `run_gnrt.py` asks "
"`cargo` that only `--locked` content is allowed via `Cargo.lock`.)"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/cargo.md
msgid ""
"Students may identify the following items as being implicitly or explicitly "
"trusted:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/cargo.md
msgid ""
"`rustc` (the Rust compiler) which in turn depends on the LLVM libraries, the "
"Clang compiler, the `rustc` sources (fetched from GitHub, reviewed by Rust "
"compiler team), binary Rust compiler downloaded for bootstrapping"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/cargo.md
msgid ""
"`rustup` (it may be worth pointing out that `rustup` is developed under the "
"umbrella of the https://github.com/rust-lang/ organization - same as `rustc`)"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/cargo.md
msgid "`cargo`, `rustfmt`, etc."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/cargo.md
msgid ""
"Various internal infrastructure (bots that build `rustc`, system for "
"distributing the prebuilt toolchain to Chromium engineers, etc.)"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/cargo.md
msgid "Cargo tools like `cargo audit`, `cargo vet`, etc."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/cargo.md
msgid ""
"Rust libraries vendored into `//third_party/rust` (audited by "
"security@chromium.org)"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/cargo.md
msgid "Other Rust libraries (some niche, some quite popular and commonly used)"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/policy.md
msgid "Chromium Rust policy"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/policy.md
msgid ""
"Chromium does not yet allow first-party Rust except in rare cases as "
"approved by Chromium's [Area Tech Leads](https://source.chromium.org/"
"chromium/chromium/src/+/main:ATL_OWNERS)."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/policy.md
msgid ""
"Chromium's policy on third party libraries is outlined [here](https://"
"chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/main/docs/adding_to_third_party."
"md#rust) - Rust is allowed for third party libraries under various "
"circumstances, including if they're the best option for performance or for "
"security."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/policy.md
msgid ""
"Very few Rust libraries directly expose a C/C++ API, so that means that "
"nearly all such libraries will require a small amount of first-party glue "
"code."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/policy.md
msgid ""
"```bob\n"
"\"C++\"                           Rust\n"
".- - - - - - - - - -.           .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - "
"-.\n"
":                   :           :                                             :\n"
": Existing Chromium :           :  Chromium Rust              Existing "
"Rust   :\n"
": \"C++\"             :           :  \"wrapper\"                  "
"crate           :\n"
": +---------------+ :           : +----------------+          +-------------"
"+ :\n"
": |               | :           : |                |          |             "
"| :\n"
": |         o-----+-+-----------+-+->            o-+----------+-->          "
"| :\n"
": |               | : Language  : |                | Crate    |             "
"| :\n"
": +---------------+ : boundary  : +----------------+ API      +-------------"
"+ :\n"
":                   :           :                                             :\n"
"`- - - - - - - - - -'           `- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - "
"-'\n"
"```"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/policy.md
msgid ""
"First-party Rust glue code for a particular third-party crate should "
"normally be kept in `third_party/rust/<crate>/<version>/wrapper`."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/policy.md
msgid "Because of this, today's course will be heavily focused on:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/policy.md
msgid "Bringing in third-party Rust libraries (\"crates\")"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/policy.md
msgid "Writing glue code to be able to use those crates from Chromium C++."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/policy.md
msgid "If this policy changes over time, the course will evolve to keep up."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/build-rules.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Build rules"
msgstr "Règles de compilation"

#: src/chromium/build-rules.md
msgid ""
"Rust code is usually built using `cargo`. Chromium builds with `gn` and "
"`ninja` for efficiency --- its static rules allow maximum parallelism. Rust "
"is no exception."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/build-rules.md
msgid "Adding Rust code to Chromium"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/build-rules.md
msgid ""
"In some existing Chromium `BUILD.gn` file, declare a `rust_static_library`:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/build-rules.md
msgid ""
"```gn\n"
"import(\"//build/rust/rust_static_library.gni\")\n"
"\n"
"rust_static_library(\"my_rust_lib\") {\n"
"  crate_root = \"lib.rs\"\n"
"  sources = [ \"lib.rs\" ]\n"
"}\n"
"```"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/build-rules.md
msgid ""
"You can also add `deps` on other Rust targets. Later we'll use this to "
"depend upon third party code."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/build-rules.md
msgid ""
"You must specify _both_ the crate root, _and_ a full list of sources. The "
"`crate_root` is the file given to the Rust compiler representing the root "
"file of the compilation unit --- typically `lib.rs`. `sources` is a complete "
"list of all source files which `ninja` needs in order to determine when "
"rebuilds are necessary."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/build-rules.md
msgid ""
"(There's no such thing as a Rust `source_set`, because in Rust, an entire "
"crate is a compilation unit. A `static_library` is the smallest unit.)"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/build-rules.md
msgid ""
"Students might be wondering why we need a gn template, rather than using "
"[gn's built-in support for Rust static libraries](https://gn.googlesource."
"com/gn/+/main/docs/reference.md#func_static_library). The answer is that "
"this template provides support for CXX interop, Rust features, and unit "
"tests, some of which we'll use later."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/build-rules/unsafe.md
msgid "Including `unsafe` Rust Code"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/build-rules/unsafe.md
msgid ""
"Unsafe Rust code is forbidden in `rust_static_library` by default --- it "
"won't compile. If you need unsafe Rust code, add `allow_unsafe = true` to "
"the gn target. (Later in the course we'll see circumstances where this is "
"necessary.)"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/build-rules/unsafe.md
msgid ""
"```gn\n"
"import(\"//build/rust/rust_static_library.gni\")\n"
"\n"
"rust_static_library(\"my_rust_lib\") {\n"
"  crate_root = \"lib.rs\"\n"
"  sources = [\n"
"    \"lib.rs\",\n"
"    \"hippopotamus.rs\"\n"
"  ]\n"
"  allow_unsafe = true\n"
"}\n"
"```"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/build-rules/depending.md
msgid "Simply add the above target to the `deps` of some Chromium C++ target."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/build-rules/depending.md
msgid ""
"```gn\n"
"import(\"//build/rust/rust_static_library.gni\")\n"
"\n"
"rust_static_library(\"my_rust_lib\") {\n"
"  crate_root = \"lib.rs\"\n"
"  sources = [ \"lib.rs\" ]\n"
"}\n"
"\n"
"# or source_set, static_library etc.\n"
"component(\"preexisting_cpp\") {\n"
"  deps = [ \":my_rust_lib\" ]\n"
"}\n"
"```"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md
msgid ""
"Types are elided in Rust code, which makes a good IDE even more useful than "
"for C++. Visual Studio code works well for Rust in Chromium. To use it,"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md
msgid ""
"Ensure your VSCode has the `rust-analyzer` extension, not earlier forms of "
"Rust support"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md
msgid ""
"`gn gen out/Debug --export-rust-project` (or equivalent for your output "
"directory)"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md
msgid "`ln -s out/Debug/rust-project.json rust-project.json`"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md
msgid ""
"A demo of some of the code annotation and exploration features of rust-"
"analyzer might be beneficial if the audience are naturally skeptical of IDEs."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md
msgid ""
"The following steps may help with the demo (but feel free to instead use a "
"piece of Chromium-related Rust that you are most familiar with):"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md
msgid "Open `components/qr_code_generator/qr_code_generator_ffi_glue.rs`"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md
msgid ""
"Place the cursor over the `QrCode::new` call (around line 26) in "
"\\`qr_code_generator_ffi_glue.rs"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md
msgid ""
"Demo **show documentation** (typical bindings: vscode = ctrl k i; vim/CoC = "
"K)."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md
msgid ""
"Demo **go to definition** (typical bindings: vscode = F12; vim/CoC = g d). "
"(This will take you to `//third_party/rust/.../qr_code-.../src/lib.rs`.)"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md
msgid ""
"Demo **outline** and navigate to the `QrCode::with_bits` method (around line "
"164; the outline is in the file explorer pane in vscode; typical vim/CoC "
"bindings = space o)"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md
msgid ""
"Demo **type annotations** (there are quote a few nice examples in the "
"`QrCode::with_bits` method)"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md
msgid ""
"It may be worth pointing out that `gn gen ... --export-rust-project` will "
"need to be rerun after editing `BUILD.gn` files (which we will do a few "
"times throughout the exercises in this session)."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Build rules exercise"
msgstr "Règles de compilation"

#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md
msgid ""
"In your Chromium build, add a new Rust target to `//ui/base/BUILD.gn` "
"containing:"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md
msgid ""
"**Important**: note that `no_mangle` here is considered a type of unsafety "
"by the Rust compiler, so you'll need to allow unsafe code in your `gn` "
"target."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md
msgid ""
"Add this new Rust target as a dependency of `//ui/base:base`. Declare this "
"function at the top of `ui/base/resource/resource_bundle.cc` (later, we'll "
"see how this can be automated by bindings generation tools):"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md
msgid ""
"Call this function from somewhere in `ui/base/resource/resource_bundle.cc` - "
"we suggest the top of `ResourceBundle::MaybeMangleLocalizedString`. Build "
"and run Chromium, and ensure that \"Hello from Rust!\" is printed lots of "
"times."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md
msgid ""
"If you use VSCode, now set up Rust to work well in VSCode. It will be useful "
"in subsequent exercises. If you've succeeded, you will be able to use right-"
"click \"Go to definition\" on `println!`."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md
#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
msgid "Where to find help"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md
msgid ""
"The options available to the [`rust_static_library` gn template](https://"
"source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:build/rust/"
"rust_static_library.gni;l=16)"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md
msgid ""
"Information about [`#[no_mangle]`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/beta/reference/"
"abi.html#the-no_mangle-attribute)"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md
msgid ""
"Information about [`extern \"C\"`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/keyword."
"extern.html)"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md
msgid ""
"Information about gn's [`--export-rust-project`](https://gn.googlesource.com/"
"gn/+/main/docs/reference.md#compilation-database) switch"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md
msgid ""
"[How to install rust-analyzer in VSCode](https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/"
"languages/rust)"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md
msgid ""
"This example is unusual because it boils down to the lowest-common-"
"denominator interop language, C. Both C++ and Rust can natively declare and "
"call C ABI functions. Later in the course, we'll connect C++ directly to "
"Rust."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md
msgid ""
"`allow_unsafe = true` is required here because `#[no_mangle]` might allow "
"Rust to generate two functions with the same name, and Rust can no longer "
"guarantee that the right one is called."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md
msgid ""
"If you need a pure Rust executable, you can also do that using the "
"`rust_executable` gn template."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/testing.md
msgid ""
"Rust community typically authors unit tests in a module placed in the same "
"source file as the code being tested. This was covered [earlier](../testing."
"md) in the course and looks like this:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/testing.md
msgid ""
"In Chromium we place unit tests in a separate source file and we continue to "
"follow this practice for Rust --- this makes tests consistently discoverable "
"and helps to avoid rebuilding `.rs` files a second time (in the `test` "
"configuration)."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/testing.md
msgid ""
"This results in the following options for testing Rust code in Chromium:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/testing.md
msgid ""
"Native Rust tests (i.e. `#[test]`). Discouraged outside of `//third_party/"
"rust`."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/testing.md
msgid ""
"`gtest` tests authored in C++ and exercising Rust via FFI calls. Sufficient "
"when Rust code is just a thin FFI layer and the existing unit tests provide "
"sufficient coverage for the feature."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/testing.md
msgid ""
"`gtest` tests authored in Rust and using the crate under test through its "
"public API (using `pub mod for_testing { ... }` if needed). This is the "
"subject of the next few slides."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/testing.md
msgid ""
"Mention that native Rust tests of third-party crates should eventually be "
"exercised by Chromium bots. (Such testing is needed rarely --- only after "
"adding or updating third-party crates.)"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/testing.md
msgid ""
"Some examples may help illustrate when C++ `gtest` vs Rust `gtest` should be "
"used:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/testing.md
msgid ""
"QR has very little functionality in the first-party Rust layer (it's just a "
"thin FFI glue) and therefore uses the existing C++ unit tests for testing "
"both the C++ and the Rust implementation (parameterizing the tests so they "
"enable or disable Rust using a `ScopedFeatureList`)."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/testing.md
msgid ""
"Hypothetical/WIP PNG integration may need to implement memory-safe "
"implementation of pixel transformations that are provided by `libpng` but "
"missing in the `png` crate - e.g. RGBA => BGRA, or gamma correction. Such "
"functionality may benefit from separate tests authored in Rust."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/testing/rust-gtest-interop.md
msgid ""
"The [`rust_gtest_interop`](https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/"
"main/testing/rust_gtest_interop/README.md) library provides a way to:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/testing/rust-gtest-interop.md
msgid ""
"Use a Rust function as a `gtest` testcase (using the `#[gtest(...)]` "
"attribute)"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/testing/rust-gtest-interop.md
msgid ""
"Use `expect_eq!` and similar macros (similar to `assert_eq!` but not "
"panicking and not terminating the test when the assertion fails)."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/testing/rust-gtest-interop.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Example:"
msgstr "Exemple"

#: src/chromium/testing/build-gn.md
msgid ""
"The simplest way to build Rust `gtest` tests is to add them to an existing "
"test binary that already contains tests authored in C++. For example:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/testing/build-gn.md
msgid ""
"```gn\n"
"test(\"ui_base_unittests\") {\n"
"  ...\n"
"  sources += [ \"my_rust_lib_unittest.rs\" ]\n"
"  deps += [ \":my_rust_lib\" ]\n"
"}\n"
"```"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/testing/build-gn.md
msgid ""
"Authoring Rust tests in a separate `static_library` also works, but requires "
"manually declaring the dependency on the support libraries:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/testing/build-gn.md
msgid ""
"```gn\n"
"rust_static_library(\"my_rust_lib_unittests\") {\n"
"  testonly = true\n"
"  is_gtest_unittests = true\n"
"  crate_root = \"my_rust_lib_unittest.rs\"\n"
"  sources = [ \"my_rust_lib_unittest.rs\" ]\n"
"  deps = [\n"
"    \":my_rust_lib\",\n"
"    \"//testing/rust_gtest_interop\",\n"
"  ]\n"
"}\n"
"\n"
"test(\"ui_base_unittests\") {\n"
"  ...\n"
"  deps += [ \":my_rust_lib_unittests\" ]\n"
"}\n"
"```"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/testing/chromium-import-macro.md
msgid ""
"After adding `:my_rust_lib` to GN `deps`, we still need to learn how to "
"import and use `my_rust_lib` from `my_rust_lib_unittest.rs`. We haven't "
"provided an explicit `crate_name` for `my_rust_lib` so its crate name is "
"computed based on the full target path and name. Fortunately we can avoid "
"working with such an unwieldy name by using the `chromium::import!` macro "
"from the automatically-imported `chromium` crate:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/testing/chromium-import-macro.md
msgid "\"//ui/base:my_rust_lib\""
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/testing/chromium-import-macro.md
msgid "Under the covers the macro expands to something similar to:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/testing/chromium-import-macro.md
msgid ""
"More information can be found in [the doc comment](https://source.chromium."
"org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:build/rust/chromium_prelude/"
"chromium_prelude.rs?q=f:chromium_prelude.rs%20pub.use.*%5Cbimport%5Cb;%20-f:"
"third_party&ss=chromium%2Fchromium%2Fsrc) of the `chromium::import` macro."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/testing/chromium-import-macro.md
msgid ""
"`rust_static_library` supports specifying an explicit name via `crate_name` "
"property, but doing this is discouraged. And it is discouraged because the "
"crate name has to be globally unique. crates.io guarantees uniqueness of its "
"crate names so `cargo_crate` GN targets (generated by the `gnrt` tool "
"covered in a later section) use short crate names."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Testing exercise"
msgstr "Exercices"

#: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md
msgid "Time for another exercise!"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md
msgid "In your Chromium build:"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md
msgid ""
"Add a testable function next to `hello_from_rust`. Some suggestions: adding "
"two integers received as arguments, computing the nth Fibonacci number, "
"summing integers in a slice, etc."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md
msgid "Add a separate `..._unittest.rs` file with a test for the new function."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md
msgid "Add the new tests to `BUILD.gn`."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md
msgid "Build the tests, run them, and verify that the new test works."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
msgid ""
"The Rust community offers multiple options for C++/Rust interop, with new "
"tools being developed all the time. At the moment, Chromium uses a tool "
"called CXX."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
msgid ""
"You describe your whole language boundary in an interface definition "
"language (which looks a lot like Rust) and then CXX tools generate "
"declarations for functions and types in both Rust and C++."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"See the [CXX tutorial](https://cxx.rs/tutorial.html) for a full example of "
"using this."
msgstr ""
"Voir le \\[tutoriel CXX\\] [2](https://cxx.rs/tutorial.html) pour un exemple "
"complet d'utilisation."

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
msgid ""
"Talk through the diagram. Explain that behind the scenes, this is doing just "
"the same as you previously did. Point out that automating the process has "
"the following benefits:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
msgid ""
"The tool guarantees that the C++ and Rust sides match (e.g. you get compile "
"errors if the `#[cxx::bridge]` doesn't match the actual C++ or Rust "
"definitions, but with out-of-sync manual bindings you'd get Undefined "
"Behavior)"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
msgid ""
"The tool automates generation of FFI thunks (small, C-ABI-compatible, free "
"functions) for non-C features (e.g. enabling FFI calls into Rust or C++ "
"methods; manual bindings would require authoring such top-level, free "
"functions manually)"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
msgid "The tool and the library can handle a set of core types - for example:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
msgid ""
"`&[T]` can be passed across the FFI boundary, even though it doesn't "
"guarantee any particular ABI or memory layout. With manual bindings `std::"
"span<T>` / `&[T]` have to be manually destructured and rebuilt out of a "
"pointer and length - this is error-prone given that each language represents "
"empty slices slightly differently)"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
msgid ""
"Smart pointers like `std::unique_ptr<T>`, `std::shared_ptr<T>`, and/or `Box` "
"are natively supported. With manual bindings, one would have to pass C-ABI-"
"compatible raw pointers, which would increase lifetime and memory-safety "
"risks."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
msgid ""
"`rust::String` and `CxxString` types understand and maintain differences in "
"string representation across the languages (e.g. `rust::String::lossy` can "
"build a Rust string from non-UTF8 input and `rust::String::c_str` can NUL-"
"terminate a string)."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md
msgid ""
"CXX requires that the whole C++/Rust boundary is declared in `cxx::bridge` "
"modules inside `.rs` source code."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md
msgid "\"example/include/blobstore.h\""
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md
msgid "// Definitions of Rust types and functions go here\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md
msgid "Point out:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md
msgid ""
"Although this looks like a regular Rust `mod`, the `#[cxx::bridge]` "
"procedural macro does complex things to it. The generated code is quite a "
"bit more sophisticated - though this does still result in a `mod` called "
"`ffi` in your code."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md
msgid "Native support for C++'s `std::unique_ptr` in Rust"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Native support for Rust slices in C++"
msgstr "Support intégré pour les tests."

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md
msgid "Calls from C++ to Rust, and Rust types (in the top part)"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md
msgid "Calls from Rust to C++, and C++ types (in the bottom part)"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md
msgid ""
"**Common misconception**: It _looks_ like a C++ header is being parsed by "
"Rust, but this is misleading. This header is never interpreted by Rust, but "
"simply `#include`d in the generated C++ code for the benefit of C++ "
"compilers."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md
msgid ""
"By far the most useful page when using CXX is the [type reference](https://"
"cxx.rs/bindings.html)."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md
msgid "CXX fundamentally suits cases where:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md
msgid ""
"Your Rust-C++ interface is sufficiently simple that you can declare all of "
"it."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md
msgid ""
"You're using only the types natively supported by CXX already, for example "
"`std::unique_ptr`, `std::string`, `&[u8]` etc."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md
msgid ""
"It has many limitations --- for example lack of support for Rust's `Option` "
"type."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md
msgid ""
"These limitations constrain us to using Rust in Chromium only for well "
"isolated \"leaf nodes\" rather than for arbitrary Rust-C++ interop. When "
"considering a use-case for Rust in Chromium, a good starting point is to "
"draft the CXX bindings for the language boundary to see if it appears simple "
"enough."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md
msgid ""
"You should also discuss some of the other sticky points with CXX, for "
"example:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md
msgid ""
"Its error handling is based around C++ exceptions (given on the next slide)"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md
msgid "Function pointers are awkward to use."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md
msgid ""
"CXX's [support for `Result<T,E>`](https://cxx.rs/binding/result.html) relies "
"on C++ exceptions, so we can't use that in Chromium. Alternatives:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md
msgid "The `T` part of `Result<T, E>` can be:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md
msgid ""
"Returned via out parameters (e.g. via `&mut T`). This requires that `T` can "
"be passed across the FFI boundary - for example `T` has to be:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md
msgid "A primitive type (like `u32` or `usize`)"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md
msgid ""
"A type natively supported by `cxx` (like `UniquePtr<T>`) that has a suitable "
"default value to use in a failure case (_unlike_ `Box<T>`)."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md
msgid ""
"Retained on the Rust side, and exposed via reference. This may be needed "
"when `T` is a Rust type, which cannot be passed across the FFI boundary, and "
"cannot be stored in `UniquePtr<T>`."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md
msgid "The `E` part of `Result<T, E>` can be:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md
msgid ""
"Returned as a boolean (e.g. `true` representing success, and `false` "
"representing failure)"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md
msgid ""
"Preserving error details is in theory possible, but so far hasn't been "
"needed in practice."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "CXX Error Handling: QR Example"
msgstr "Gestion des erreurs"

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md
msgid ""
"The QR code generator is [an example](https://source.chromium.org/chromium/"
"chromium/src/+/main:components/qr_code_generator/qr_code_generator_ffi_glue."
"rs;l=13-18;drc=7bf1b75b910ca430501b9c6a74c1d18a0223ecca) where a boolean is "
"used to communicate success vs failure, and where the successful result can "
"be passed across the FFI boundary:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md
msgid "\"qr_code_generator\""
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md
msgid ""
"Students may be curious about the semantics of the `out_qr_size` output. "
"This is not the size of the vector, but the size of the QR code (and "
"admittedly it is a bit redundant - this is the square root of the size of "
"the vector)."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md
msgid ""
"It may be worth pointing out the importance of initializing `out_qr_size` "
"before calling into the Rust function. Creation of a Rust reference that "
"points to uninitialized memory results in Undefined Behavior (unlike in C++, "
"when only the act of dereferencing such memory results in UB)."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md
msgid ""
"If students ask about `Pin`, then explain why CXX needs it for mutable "
"references to C++ data: the answer is that C++ data can’t be moved around "
"like Rust data, because it may contain self-referential pointers."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "CXX Error Handling: PNG Example"
msgstr "Gestion des erreurs"

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md
msgid ""
"A prototype of a PNG decoder illustrates what can be done when the "
"successful result cannot be passed across the FFI boundary:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md
msgid "\"gfx::rust_bindings\""
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md
msgid ""
"/// This returns an FFI-friendly equivalent of `Result<PngReader<'a>,\n"
"        /// ()>`.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md
msgid "/// C++ bindings for the `crate::png::ResultOfPngReader` type.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md
msgid "/// C++ bindings for the `crate::png::PngReader` type.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md
msgid ""
"`PngReader` and `ResultOfPngReader` are Rust types --- objects of these "
"types cannot cross the FFI boundary without indirection of a `Box<T>`. We "
"can't have an `out_parameter: &mut PngReader`, because CXX doesn't allow C++ "
"to store Rust objects by value."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md
msgid ""
"This example illustrates that even though CXX doesn't support arbitrary "
"generics nor templates, we can still pass them across the FFI boundary by "
"manually specializing / monomorphizing them into a non-generic type. In the "
"example `ResultOfPngReader` is a non-generic type that forwards into "
"appropriate methods of `Result<T, E>` (e.g. into `is_err`, `unwrap`, and/or "
"`as_mut`)."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md
msgid "Using cxx in Chromium"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md
msgid ""
"In Chromium, we define an independent `#[cxx::bridge] mod` for each leaf-"
"node where we want to use Rust. You'd typically have one for each "
"`rust_static_library`. Just add"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md
msgid ""
"```gn\n"
"cxx_bindings = [ \"my_rust_file.rs\" ]\n"
"   # list of files containing #[cxx::bridge], not all source files\n"
"allow_unsafe = true\n"
"```"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md
msgid ""
"to your existing `rust_static_library` target alongside `crate_root` and "
"`sources`."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md
msgid "C++ headers will be generated at a sensible location, so you can just"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md
msgid "\"ui/base/my_rust_file.rs.h\""
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md
msgid ""
"You will find some utility functions in `//base` to convert to/from Chromium "
"C++ types to CXX Rust types --- for example [`SpanToRustSlice`](https://"
"source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:base/containers/span_rust.h;"
"l=21)."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md
msgid "Students may ask --- why do we still need `allow_unsafe = true`?"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md
msgid ""
"The broad answer is that no C/C++ code is \"safe\" by the normal Rust "
"standards. Calling back and forth to C/C++ from Rust may do arbitrary things "
"to memory, and compromise the safety of Rust's own data layouts. Presence of "
"_too many_ `unsafe` keywords in C/C++ interop can harm the signal-to-noise "
"ratio of such a keyword, and is [controversial](https://steveklabnik.com/"
"writing/the-cxx-debate), but strictly, bringing any foreign code into a Rust "
"binary can cause unexpected behavior from Rust's perspective."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md
msgid ""
"The narrow answer lies in the diagram at the top of [this page](../"
"interoperability-with-cpp.md) --- behind the scenes, CXX generates Rust "
"`unsafe` and `extern \"C\"` functions just like we did manually in the "
"previous section."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Exercise: Interoperability with C++"
msgstr "Interopérabilité avec C"

#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
msgid "Part one"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
msgid ""
"In the Rust file you previously created, add a `#[cxx::bridge]` which "
"specifies a single function, to be called from C++, called "
"`hello_from_rust`, taking no parameters and returning no value."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
msgid ""
"Modify your previous `hello_from_rust` function to remove `extern \"C\"` and "
"`#[no_mangle]`. This is now just a standard Rust function."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
msgid "Modify your `gn` target to build these bindings."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
msgid ""
"In your C++ code, remove the forward-declaration of `hello_from_rust`. "
"Instead, include the generated header file."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
msgid "Build and run!"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
msgid "Part two"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
msgid ""
"It's a good idea to play with CXX a little. It helps you think about how "
"flexible Rust in Chromium actually is."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Some things to try:"
msgstr "Quelques notes:"

#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
msgid "Call back into C++ from Rust. You will need:"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
msgid ""
"An additional header file which you can `include!` from your `cxx::bridge`. "
"You'll need to declare your C++ function in that new header file."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
msgid ""
"An `unsafe` block to call such a function, or alternatively specify the "
"`unsafe` keyword in your `#[cxx::bridge]` [as described here](https://cxx.rs/"
"extern-c++.html#functions-and-member-functions)."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
msgid ""
"You may also need to `#include \"third_party/rust/cxx/v1/crate/include/cxx."
"h\"`"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
msgid "Pass a C++ string from C++ into Rust."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
msgid "Pass a reference to a C++ object into Rust."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
msgid ""
"Intentionally get the Rust function signatures mismatched from the `#[cxx::"
"bridge]`, and get used to the errors you see."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
msgid ""
"Intentionally get the C++ function signatures mismatched from the `#[cxx::"
"bridge]`, and get used to the errors you see."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
msgid ""
"Pass a `std::unique_ptr` of some type from C++ into Rust, so that Rust can "
"own some C++ object."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
msgid ""
"Create a Rust object and pass it into C++, so that C++ owns it. (Hint: you "
"need a `Box`)."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
msgid "Declare some methods on a C++ type. Call them from Rust."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
msgid "Declare some methods on a Rust type. Call them from C++."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
msgid "Part three"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
msgid ""
"Now you understand the strengths and limitations of CXX interop, think of a "
"couple of use-cases for Rust in Chromium where the interface would be "
"sufficiently simple. Sketch how you might define that interface."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
msgid "The [`cxx` binding reference](https://cxx.rs/bindings.html)"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
msgid ""
"The [`rust_static_library` gn template](https://source.chromium.org/chromium/"
"chromium/src/+/main:build/rust/rust_static_library.gni;l=16)"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
msgid "Some of the questions you may encounter:"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
msgid ""
"I'm seeing a problem initializing a variable of type X with type Y, where X "
"and Y are both function types. This is because your C++ function doesn't "
"quite match the declaration in your `cxx::bridge`."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
msgid ""
"I seem to be able to freely convert C++ references into Rust references. "
"Doesn't that risk UB? For CXX's _opaque_ types, no, because they are zero-"
"sized. For CXX trivial types yes, it's _possible_ to cause UB, although "
"CXX's design makes it quite difficult to craft such an example."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
msgid ""
"Rust libraries are called \"crates\" and are found at [crates.io](https://"
"crates.io). It's _very easy_ for Rust crates to depend upon one another. So "
"they do!"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
msgid "Property"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "C++ library"
msgstr "Bibliothèque"

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Rust crate"
msgstr "Écosystème de Rust"

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Build system"
msgstr "Écosystème de Rust"

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
msgid "Lots"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Consistent: `Cargo.toml`"
msgstr "Vous pouvez utiliser le fichier `Cargo.toml` suivant :"

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
msgid "Typical library size"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
msgid "Large-ish"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
msgid "Small"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
msgid "Transitive dependencies"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
msgid "Few"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
msgid "For a Chromium engineer, this has pros and cons:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
msgid ""
"All crates use a common build system so we can automate their inclusion into "
"Chromium..."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
msgid ""
"... but, crates typically have transitive dependencies, so you will likely "
"have to bring in multiple libraries."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
msgid "We'll discuss:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
msgid "How to put a crate in the Chromium source code tree"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
msgid "How to make `gn` build rules for it"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
msgid "How to audit its source code for sufficient safety."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-cargo-toml.md
msgid "Configuring the `Cargo.toml` file to add crates"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-cargo-toml.md
msgid ""
"Chromium has a single set of centrally-managed direct crate dependencies. "
"These are managed through a single [`Cargo.toml`](https://source.chromium."
"org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io/Cargo."
"toml):"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-cargo-toml.md
msgid ""
"```toml\n"
"[dependencies]\n"
"bitflags = \"1\"\n"
"cfg-if = \"1\"\n"
"cxx = \"1\"\n"
"# lots more...\n"
"```"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-cargo-toml.md
msgid ""
"As with any other `Cargo.toml`, you can specify [more details about the "
"dependencies](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/specifying-"
"dependencies.html) --- most commonly, you'll want to specify the `features` "
"that you wish to enable in the crate."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-cargo-toml.md
msgid ""
"When adding a crate to Chromium, you'll often need to provide some extra "
"information in an additional file, `gnrt_config.toml`, which we'll meet next."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md
msgid ""
"Alongside `Cargo.toml` is [`gnrt_config.toml`](https://source.chromium.org/"
"chromium/chromium/src/+/main:third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io/gnrt_config."
"toml). This contains Chromium-specific extensions to crate handling."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md
msgid ""
"If you add a new crate, you should specify at least the `group`. This is one "
"of:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/depending-on-a-crate.md
msgid "For instance,"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md
msgid ""
"Depending on the crate source code layout, you may also need to use this "
"file to specify where its `LICENSE` file(s) can be found."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md
msgid ""
"Later, we'll see some other things you will need to configure in this file "
"to resolve problems."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md
msgid ""
"A tool called `gnrt` knows how to download crates and how to generate `BUILD."
"gn` rules."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md
msgid "To start, download the crate you want like this:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md
msgid ""
"Although the `gnrt` tool is part of the Chromium source code, by running "
"this command you will be downloading and running its dependencies from "
"`crates.io`. See [the earlier section](../cargo.md) discussing this security "
"decision."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md
msgid "This `vendor` command may download:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Your crate"
msgstr "Crates utiles"

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md
msgid "Direct and transitive dependencies"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md
msgid ""
"New versions of other crates, as required by `cargo` to resolve the complete "
"set of crates required by Chromium."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md
msgid ""
"Chromium maintains patches for some crates, kept in `//third_party/rust/"
"chromium_crates_io/patches`. These will be reapplied automatically, but if "
"patching fails you may need to take manual action."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md
msgid ""
"Once you've downloaded the crate, generate the `BUILD.gn` files like this:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md
msgid "Now run `git status`. You should find:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md
msgid ""
"At least one new crate source code in `third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io/"
"vendor`"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md
msgid ""
"At least one new `BUILD.gn` in `third_party/rust/<crate name>/v<major semver "
"version>`"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md
msgid "An appropriate `README.chromium`"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The \"major semver version\" is a [Rust \"semver\" version number](https://"
"doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/semver.html)."
msgstr ""
"Voir la [Rust Reference](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/type-layout."
"html)."

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md
msgid ""
"Take a close look, especially at the things generated in `third_party/rust`."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md
msgid ""
"Talk a little about semver --- and specifically the way that in Chromium "
"it's to allow multiple incompatible versions of a crate, which is "
"discouraged but sometimes necessary in the Cargo ecosystem."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md
msgid ""
"If your build fails, it may be because of a `build.rs`: programs which do "
"arbitrary things at build time. This is fundamentally at odds with the "
"design of `gn` and `ninja` which aim for static, deterministic, build rules "
"to maximize parallelism and repeatability of builds."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md
msgid ""
"Some `build.rs` actions are automatically supported; others require action:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md
msgid "build script effect"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md
msgid "Supported by our gn templates"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md
msgid "Work required by you"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md
msgid "Checking rustc version to configure features on and off"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md
msgid "Yes"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md
msgid "None"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md
msgid "Checking platform or CPU to configure features on and off"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Generating code"
msgstr "Génériques"

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md
msgid "Yes - specify in `gnrt_config.toml`"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md
msgid "Building C/C++"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md
msgid "No"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md
msgid "Patch around it"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md
msgid "Arbitrary other actions"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md
msgid ""
"Fortunately, most crates don't contain a build script, and fortunately, most "
"build scripts only do the top two actions."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-generate-code.md
msgid ""
"If `ninja` complains about missing files, check the `build.rs` to see if it "
"writes source code files."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-generate-code.md
msgid ""
"If so, modify [`gnrt_config.toml`](../configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md) to "
"add `build-script-outputs` to the crate. If this is a transitive dependency, "
"that is, one on which Chromium code should not directly depend, also add "
"`allow-first-party-usage=false`. There are several examples already in that "
"file:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-generate-code.md
msgid ""
"```toml\n"
"[crate.unicode-linebreak]\n"
"allow-first-party-usage = false\n"
"build-script-outputs = [\"tables.rs\"]\n"
"```"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-generate-code.md
msgid ""
"Now rerun [`gnrt.py -- gen`](../generating-gn-build-rules.md) to regenerate "
"`BUILD.gn` files to inform ninja that this particular output file is input "
"to subsequent build steps."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-take-arbitrary-actions.md
msgid ""
"Some crates use the [`cc`](https://crates.io/crates/cc) crate to build and "
"link C/C++ libraries. Other crates parse C/C++ using [`bindgen`](https://"
"crates.io/crates/bindgen) within their build scripts. These actions can't be "
"supported in a Chromium context --- our gn, ninja and LLVM build system is "
"very specific in expressing relationships between build actions."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-take-arbitrary-actions.md
msgid "So, your options are:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-take-arbitrary-actions.md
msgid "Avoid these crates"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-take-arbitrary-actions.md
msgid "Apply a patch to the crate."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-take-arbitrary-actions.md
msgid ""
"Patches should be kept in `third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io/patches/"
"<crate>` - see for example the [patches against the `cxx` crate](https://"
"source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:third_party/rust/"
"chromium_crates_io/patches/cxx/) - and will be applied automatically by "
"`gnrt` each time it upgrades the crate."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/depending-on-a-crate.md
msgid ""
"Once you've added a third-party crate and generated build rules, depending "
"on a crate is simple. Find your `rust_static_library` target, and add a "
"`dep` on the `:lib` target within your crate."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/depending-on-a-crate.md
msgid "Specifically,"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/depending-on-a-crate.md
msgid ""
"```bob\n"
"                     +------------+      +----------------------+\n"
"\"//third_party/rust\" | crate name | \"/v\" | major semver version | \":"
"lib\"\n"
"                     +------------+      +----------------------+\n"
"```"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/depending-on-a-crate.md
msgid ""
"```gn\n"
"rust_static_library(\"my_rust_lib\") {\n"
"  crate_root = \"lib.rs\"\n"
"  sources = [ \"lib.rs\" ]\n"
"  deps = [ \"//third_party/rust/example_rust_crate/v1:lib\" ]\n"
"}\n"
"```"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md
msgid "Auditing Third Party Crates"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md
msgid ""
"Adding new libraries is subject to Chromium's standard [policies](https://"
"chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/refs/heads/main/docs/rust."
"md#Third_party-review), but of course also subject to security review. As "
"you may be bringing in not just a single crate but also transitive "
"dependencies, there may be a lot of code to review. On the other hand, safe "
"Rust code can have limited negative side effects. How should you review it?"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md
msgid ""
"Over time Chromium aims to move to a process based around [cargo vet]"
"(https://mozilla.github.io/cargo-vet/)."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md
msgid ""
"Meanwhile, for each new crate addition, we are checking for the following:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md
msgid ""
"Understand why each crate is used. What's the relationship between crates? "
"If the build system for each crate contains a `build.rs` or procedural "
"macros, work out what they're for. Are they compatible with the way Chromium "
"is normally built?"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md
msgid "Check each crate seems to be reasonably well maintained"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md
msgid ""
"Use `cd third-party/rust/chromium_crates_io; cargo audit` to check for known "
"vulnerabilities (first you'll need to `cargo install cargo-audit`, which "
"ironically involves downloading lots of dependencies from the internet[2](../"
"cargo.md))"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md
msgid ""
"Ensure any `unsafe` code is good enough for the [Rule of Two](https://"
"chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/main/docs/security/rule-of-2."
"md#unsafe-code-in-safe-languages)"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md
msgid "Check for any use of `fs` or `net` APIs"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md
msgid ""
"Read all the code at a sufficient level to look for anything out of place "
"that might have been maliciously inserted. (You can't realistically aim for "
"100% perfection here: there's often just too much code.)"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md
msgid ""
"These are just guidelines --- work with reviewers from `security@chromium."
"org` to work out the right way to become confident of the crate."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md
msgid "Checking Crates into Chromium Source Code"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md
msgid "`git status` should reveal:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md
msgid "Crate code in `//third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io`"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md
msgid ""
"Metadata (`BUILD.gn` and `README.chromium`) in `//third_party/rust/<crate>/"
"<version>`"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md
msgid "Please also add an `OWNERS` file in the latter location."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md
msgid ""
"You should land all this, along with your `Cargo.toml` and `gnrt_config."
"toml` changes, into the Chromium repo."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md
msgid ""
"**Important**: you need to use `git add -f` because otherwise `.gitignore` "
"files may result in some files being skipped."
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md
msgid ""
"As you do so, you might find presubmit checks fail because of non-inclusive "
"language. This is because Rust crate data tends to include names of git "
"branches, and many projects still use non-inclusive terminology there. So "
"you may need to run:"
msgstr ""

#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/keeping-up-to-date.md
msgid ""
"As the OWNER of any third party Chromium dependency, you are [expected to "
"keep it up to date with any security fixes](https://chromium.googlesource."
"com/chromium/src/+/main/docs/adding_to_third_party.md#add-owners). It is "
"hoped that we will soon automate this for Rust crates, but for now, it's "
"still your responsibility just as it is for any other third party dependency."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md
msgid ""
"Add [uwuify](https://crates.io/crates/uwuify) to Chromium, turning off the "
"crate's [default features](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/"
"features.html#the-default-feature). Assume that the crate will be used in "
"shipping Chromium, but won't be used to handle untrustworthy input."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md
msgid ""
"(In the next exercise we'll use uwuify from Chromium, but feel free to skip "
"ahead and do that now if you like. Or, you could create a new "
"[`rust_executable` target](https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/"
"+/main:build/rust/rust_executable.gni) which uses `uwuify`)."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md
msgid "Students will need to download lots of transitive dependencies."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md
msgid "The total crates needed are:"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`instant`,"
msgstr "`const`"

#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md
msgid "`lock_api`,"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md
msgid "`parking_lot`,"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md
msgid "`parking_lot_core`,"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md
msgid "`redox_syscall`,"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md
msgid "`scopeguard`,"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md
msgid "`smallvec`, and"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md
msgid "`uwuify`."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md
msgid ""
"If students are downloading even more than that, they probably forgot to "
"turn off the default features."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md
msgid ""
"Thanks to [Daniel Liu](https://github.com/Daniel-Liu-c0deb0t) for this crate!"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md
msgid "Bringing It Together --- Exercise"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md
msgid ""
"In this exercise, you're going to add a whole new Chromium feature, bringing "
"together everything you already learned."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md
msgid "The Brief from Product Management"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md
msgid ""
"A community of pixies has been discovered living in a remote rainforest. "
"It's important that we get Chromium for Pixies delivered to them as soon as "
"possible."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md
msgid ""
"The requirement is to translate all Chromium's UI strings into Pixie "
"language."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md
msgid ""
"There's not time to wait for proper translations, but fortunately pixie "
"language is very close to English, and it turns out there's a Rust crate "
"which does the translation."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md
msgid ""
"In fact, you already [imported that crate in the previous exercise](https://"
"crates.io/crates/uwuify)."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md
msgid ""
"(Obviously, real translations of Chrome require incredible care and "
"diligence. Don't ship this!)"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md
msgid "Steps"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md
msgid ""
"Modify `ResourceBundle::MaybeMangleLocalizedString` so that it uwuifies all "
"strings before display. In this special build of Chromium, it should always "
"do this irrespective of the setting of `mangle_localized_strings_`."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md
msgid ""
"If you've done everything right across all these exercises, congratulations, "
"you should have created Chrome for pixies!"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md
msgid ""
"UTF16 vs UTF8. Students should be aware that Rust strings are always UTF8, "
"and will probably decide that it's better to do the conversion on the C++ "
"side using `base::UTF16ToUTF8` and back again."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md
msgid ""
"If students decide to do the conversion on the Rust side, they'll need to "
"consider [`String::from_utf16`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/struct."
"String.html#method.from_utf16), consider error handling, and consider which "
"[CXX supported types can transfer a lot of u16s](https://cxx.rs/binding/"
"slice.html)."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md
msgid ""
"Students may design the C++/Rust boundary in several different ways, e.g. "
"taking and returning strings by value, or taking a mutable reference to a "
"string. If a mutable reference is used, CXX will likely tell the student "
"that they need to use [`Pin`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/pin/). You may "
"need to explain what `Pin` does, and then explain why CXX needs it for "
"mutable references to C++ data: the answer is that C++ data can't be moved "
"around like Rust data, because it may contain self-referential pointers."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md
msgid ""
"The C++ target containing `ResourceBundle::MaybeMangleLocalizedString` will "
"need to depend on a `rust_static_library` target. The student probably "
"already did this."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md
msgid ""
"The `rust_static_library` target will need to depend on `//third_party/rust/"
"uwuify/v0_2:lib`."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/chromium/solutions.md
msgid ""
"Solutions to the Chromium exercises can be found in [this series of CLs]"
"(https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/chromium/src/+/5096560)."
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Welcome to Bare Metal Rust"
msgstr "Bienvenue dans Bare Metal Rust"

#: src/bare-metal.md
msgid ""
"This is a standalone one-day course about bare-metal Rust, aimed at people "
"who are familiar with the basics of Rust (perhaps from completing the "
"Comprehensive Rust course), and ideally also have some experience with bare-"
"metal programming in some other language such as C."
msgstr ""
"Il s'agit d'un cours autonome d'une journée sur la bare-metal Rust, destiné "
"aux personnes familiarisées avec le bases de Rust (peut-être après avoir "
"terminé le cours Comprehensive Rust(le guide complet de Rust)), et "
"idéalement aussi avoir quelques expérience de la programmation bare-metal "
"dans un autre langage tel que C."

#: src/bare-metal.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Today we will talk about 'bare-metal' Rust: running Rust code without an OS "
"underneath us. This will be divided into several parts:"
msgstr ""
"Aujourd'hui, nous allons parler de Rust \"bare-metal\": exécuter du code "
"Rust sans système d'exploitation sous nous. Cette volonté être divisé en "
"plusieurs parties :"

#: src/bare-metal.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "What is `no_std` Rust?"
msgstr "Qu'est-ce que `no_std` Rust ?"

#: src/bare-metal.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Writing firmware for microcontrollers."
msgstr "Ecriture de firmware pour microcontrôleurs."

#: src/bare-metal.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Writing bootloader / kernel code for application processors."
msgstr ""
"Ecriture du bootloader / code noyau pour les processeurs d'application."

#: src/bare-metal.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Some useful crates for bare-metal Rust development."
msgstr "Quelques caisses utiles pour le développement de Rust en métal nu."

#: src/bare-metal.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"For the microcontroller part of the course we will use the [BBC micro:bit]"
"(https://microbit.org/) v2 as an example. It's a [development board](https://"
"tech.microbit.org/hardware/) based on the Nordic nRF51822 microcontroller "
"with some LEDs and buttons, an I2C-connected accelerometer and compass, and "
"an on-board SWD debugger."
msgstr ""
"Pour la partie microcontrôleur du cours, nous utiliserons le [BBC micro:bit]"
"(https://microbit.org/) v2 par exemple. C'est une [carte de développement]"
"(https://tech.microbit.org/hardware/) basée sur le Nordic Microcontrôleur "
"nRF51822 avec quelques LED et boutons, un accéléromètre et une boussole "
"connectés I2C, et un débogueur SWD intégré."

#: src/bare-metal.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"To get started, install some tools we'll need later. On gLinux or Debian:"
msgstr ""
"Pour commencer, installez quelques outils dont nous aurons besoin plus tard. "
"Sous gLinux ou Debian :"

#: src/bare-metal.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"And give users in the `plugdev` group access to the micro:bit programmer:"
msgstr ""
"Et donnez aux utilisateurs du groupe `plugdev` l'accès au programmeur micro:"
"bit :"

#: src/bare-metal.md src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "On MacOS:"
msgstr "Sur MacOS :"

#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`core`"
msgstr "`noyau`"

#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`std`"
msgstr "`std`"

#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Slices, `&str`, `CStr`"
msgstr "Tranches, `&str`, `CStr`"

#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`NonZeroU8`..."
msgstr "`NonZeroU8`..."

#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`Option`, `Result`"
msgstr "`Option`, `Résultat`"

#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`Display`, `Debug`, `write!`..."
msgstr "`Afficher`, `Déboguer`, `écrire !`..."

#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`panic!`, `assert_eq!`..."
msgstr "`panique !`, `assert_eq !`..."

#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`NonNull` and all the usual pointer-related functions"
msgstr "`NonNull` et toutes les fonctions habituelles liées au pointeur"

#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`Future` and `async`/`await`"
msgstr "`Future` et `async`/`wait`"

#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`fence`, `AtomicBool`, `AtomicPtr`, `AtomicU32`..."
msgstr "`clôture`, `AtomicBool`, `AtomicPtr`, `AtomicU32`..."

#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`Duration`"
msgstr "`Durée`"

#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`Box`, `Cow`, `Arc`, `Rc`"
msgstr "`Boîte`, `Vache`, `Arc`, `Rc`"

#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`Vec`, `BinaryHeap`, `BtreeMap`, `LinkedList`, `VecDeque`"
msgstr "`Vec`, `BinaryHeap`, `BtreeMap`, `LinkedList`, `VecDeque`"

#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`String`, `CString`, `format!`"
msgstr "`Chaîne`, `CString`, `format !`"

#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`Error`"
msgstr "\"Erreur\""

#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`Mutex`, `Condvar`, `Barrier`, `Once`, `RwLock`, `mpsc`"
msgstr "`Mutex`, `Condvar`, `Barrière`, `Une fois`, `RwLock`, `mpsc`"

#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`File` and the rest of `fs`"
msgstr "`File` et le reste de `fs`"

#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`println!`, `Read`, `Write`, `Stdin`, `Stdout` and the rest of `io`"
msgstr "`println!`, `Read`, `Write`, `Stdin`, `Stdout` et le reste de `io`"

#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`Path`, `OsString`"
msgstr "`Chemin`, `OsString`"

#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`net`"
msgstr "\"net\""

#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`Command`, `Child`, `ExitCode`"
msgstr "`Commande`, `Enfant`, `Code de sortie`"

#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`spawn`, `sleep` and the rest of `thread`"
msgstr "`spawn`, `sleep` et le reste de `thread`"

#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`SystemTime`, `Instant`"
msgstr "`SystemTime`, `Instantané`"

#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`HashMap` depends on RNG."
msgstr "`HashMap` dépend de RNG."

#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`std` re-exports the contents of both `core` and `alloc`."
msgstr "`std` réexporte le contenu de `core` et `alloc`."

#: src/bare-metal/minimal.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "A minimal `no_std` program"
msgstr "Un programme minimal `no_std`"

#: src/bare-metal/minimal.md
msgid "This will compile to an empty binary."
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/minimal.md
msgid "`std` provides a panic handler; without it we must provide our own."
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/minimal.md
msgid "It can also be provided by another crate, such as `panic-halt`."
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/minimal.md
msgid ""
"Depending on the target, you may need to compile with `panic = \"abort\"` to "
"avoid an error about `eh_personality`."
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/minimal.md
msgid ""
"Note that there is no `main` or any other entry point; it's up to you to "
"define your own entry point. This will typically involve a linker script and "
"some assembly code to set things up ready for Rust code to run."
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"To use `alloc` you must implement a [global (heap) allocator](https://doc."
"rust-lang.org/stable/std/alloc/trait.GlobalAlloc.html)."
msgstr ""
"Pour utiliser `alloc` vous devez implémenter un [allocateur global (de tas)]"
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/alloc/trait.GlobalAlloc.html)."

#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md
msgid ""
"// Safe because `HEAP` is only used here and `entry` is only called once.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md
msgid "// Give the allocator some memory to allocate.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md
msgid "// Now we can do things that require heap allocation.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "\"A string\""
msgstr "String"

#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md
msgid ""
"`buddy_system_allocator` is a third-party crate implementing a basic buddy "
"system allocator. Other crates are available, or you can write your own or "
"hook into your existing allocator."
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md
msgid ""
"The const parameter of `LockedHeap` is the max order of the allocator; i.e. "
"in this case it can allocate regions of up to 2\\*\\*32 bytes."
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md
msgid ""
"If any crate in your dependency tree depends on `alloc` then you must have "
"exactly one global allocator defined in your binary. Usually this is done in "
"the top-level binary crate."
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md
msgid ""
"`extern crate panic_halt as _` is necessary to ensure that the `panic_halt` "
"crate is linked in so we get its panic handler."
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md
msgid "This example will build but not run, as it doesn't have an entry point."
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The `cortex_m_rt` crate provides (among other things) a reset handler for "
"Cortex M microcontrollers."
msgstr ""
"La caisse `cortex_m_rt` fournit (entre autres) un gestionnaire de "
"réinitialisation pour les microcontrôleurs Cortex M."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Next we'll look at how to access peripherals, with increasing levels of "
"abstraction."
msgstr ""
"Ensuite, nous verrons comment accéder aux périphériques, avec des niveaux "
"d'abstraction croissants."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The `cortex_m_rt::entry` macro requires that the function have type `fn() -"
"> !`, because returning to the reset handler doesn't make sense."
msgstr ""
"La macro `cortex_m_rt::entry` nécessite que la fonction ait le type `fn() -"
"> !`, car le retour au gestionnaire de réinitialisation n'a pas de sens."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Run the example with `cargo embed --bin minimal`"
msgstr "Exécutez l'exemple avec `cargo embed --bin minimal`"

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Most microcontrollers access peripherals via memory-mapped IO. Let's try "
"turning on an LED on our micro:bit:"
msgstr ""
"La plupart des microcontrôleurs accèdent aux périphériques via des E/S "
"mappées en mémoire. Essayons d'allumer une LED sur notre micro:bit:"

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md
msgid "/// GPIO port 0 peripheral address\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md
msgid "// GPIO peripheral offsets\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md
msgid "// PIN_CNF fields\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md
msgid "// Configure GPIO 0 pins 21 and 28 as push-pull outputs.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md
msgid ""
"// Safe because the pointers are to valid peripheral control registers, and\n"
"    // no aliases exist.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md
msgid "// Set pin 28 low and pin 21 high to turn the LED on.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"GPIO 0 pin 21 is connected to the first column of the LED matrix, and pin 28 "
"to the first row."
msgstr ""
"La broche 21 du GPIO 0 est connectée à la première colonne de la matrice LED "
"et la broche 28 à la première rangée."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/board-support.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Run the example with:"
msgstr "Exécutez l'exemple avec :"

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Peripheral Access Crates"
msgstr "Caisses d'accès périphérique"

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"[`svd2rust`](https://crates.io/crates/svd2rust) generates mostly-safe Rust "
"wrappers for memory-mapped peripherals from [CMSIS-SVD](https://www.keil.com/"
"pack/doc/CMSIS/SVD/html/index.html) files."
msgstr ""
"[`svd2rust`](https://crates.io/crates/svd2rust) génère des wrappers Rust "
"principalement sûrs pour périphériques mappés en mémoire de [CMSIS-SVD]"
"(https://www.keil.com/pack/doc/CMSIS/SVD/html/index.html) des dossiers."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"SVD (System View Description) files are XML files typically provided by "
"silicon vendors which describe the memory map of the device."
msgstr ""
"Les fichiers SVD (System View Description) sont des fichiers XML "
"généralement fournis par les fournisseurs de silicium qui décrire la carte "
"mémoire de l'appareil."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"They are organised by peripheral, register, field and value, with names, "
"descriptions, addresses and so on."
msgstr ""
"Ils sont organisés par périphérique, registre, champ et valeur, avec noms, "
"descriptions, adresses et ainsi de suite."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"SVD files are often buggy and incomplete, so there are various projects "
"which patch the mistakes, add missing details, and publish the generated "
"crates."
msgstr ""
"Les fichiers SVD sont souvent bogués et incomplets, il existe donc divers "
"projets qui corrigent le erreurs, ajoutez les détails manquants et publiez "
"les caisses générées."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`cortex-m-rt` provides the vector table, among other things."
msgstr "`cortex-m-rt` fournit la table des vecteurs, entre autres choses."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"If you `cargo install cargo-binutils` then you can run `cargo objdump --bin "
"pac -- -d --no-show-raw-insn` to see the resulting binary."
msgstr ""
"Si vous \"installez cargo cargo-binutils\", vous pouvez exécuter `cargo "
"objdump --bin pac -- -d --no-show-raw-insn` pour voir le binaire résultant."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "HAL crates"
msgstr "caisses HAL"

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"[HAL crates](https://github.com/rust-embedded/awesome-embedded-rust#hal-"
"implementation-crates) for many microcontrollers provide wrappers around "
"various peripherals. These generally implement traits from [`embedded-hal`]"
"(https://crates.io/crates/embedded-hal)."
msgstr ""
"[Caisses HAL](https://github.com/rust-embedded/awesome-embedded-rust#hal-"
"implementation-crates) pour de nombreux microcontrôleurs fournissent des "
"wrappers autour de divers périphériques. Ceux-ci implémentent généralement "
"des traits de [`embedded-hal`](https://crates.io/crates/embedded-hal)."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md
msgid "// Create HAL wrapper for GPIO port 0.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`set_low` and `set_high` are methods on the `embedded_hal` `OutputPin` trait."
msgstr ""
"`set_low` et `set_high` sont des méthodes sur le trait `embedded_hal` "
"`OutputPin`."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"HAL crates exist for many Cortex-M and RISC-V devices, including various "
"STM32, GD32, nRF, NXP, MSP430, AVR and PIC microcontrollers."
msgstr ""
"Les caisses HAL existent pour de nombreux appareils Cortex-M et RISC-V, y "
"compris divers STM32, GD32, nRF, NXP, Microcontrôleurs MSP430, AVR et PIC."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/board-support.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Board support crates"
msgstr "Caisses support planche"

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/board-support.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Board support crates provide a further level of wrapping for a specific "
"board for convenience."
msgstr ""
"Les caisses de support de planche offrent un niveau supplémentaire "
"d'emballage pour une planche spécifique pour plus de commodité."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/board-support.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"In this case the board support crate is just providing more useful names, "
"and a bit of initialisation."
msgstr ""
"Dans ce cas, la caisse de support de carte fournit simplement des noms plus "
"utiles, et un peu de initialisation."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/board-support.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The crate may also include drivers for some on-board devices outside of the "
"microcontroller itself."
msgstr ""
"La caisse peut également inclure des pilotes pour certains périphériques "
"embarqués en dehors du microcontrôleur lui-même."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/board-support.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`microbit-v2` includes a simple driver for the LED matrix."
msgstr "`microbit-v2` inclut un pilote simple pour la matrice LED."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "The type state pattern"
msgstr "Le modèle d'état de type"

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md
msgid "// let gpio0_01_again = gpio0.p0_01; // Error, moved.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md
msgid "// pin_input.is_high(); // Error, moved.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Pins don't implement `Copy` or `Clone`, so only one instance of each can "
"exist. Once a pin is moved out of the port struct nobody else can take it."
msgstr ""
"Les broches n'implémentent pas `Copy` ou `Clone`, donc une seule instance de "
"chacun peut exister. Une fois qu'une broche est déplacé hors de la structure "
"du port, personne d'autre ne peut le prendre."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Changing the configuration of a pin consumes the old pin instance, so you "
"can’t keep use the old instance afterwards."
msgstr ""
"La modification de la configuration d'une broche consomme l'ancienne "
"instance de broche, vous ne pouvez donc pas continuer à utiliser l'ancienne "
"exemple par la suite."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The type of a value indicates the state that it is in: e.g. in this case, "
"the configuration state of a GPIO pin. This encodes the state machine into "
"the type system, and ensures that you don't try to use a pin in a certain "
"way without properly configuring it first. Illegal state transitions are "
"caught at compile time."
msgstr ""
"Le type d'une valeur indique l'état dans lequel elle se trouve : par ex. "
"dans ce cas, l'état de la configuration d'une broche GPIO. Cela encode la "
"machine d'état dans le système de type et garantit que vous ne essayez "
"d'utiliser une broche d'une certaine manière sans la configurer correctement "
"au préalable. État illégal les transitions sont interceptées au moment de la "
"compilation."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"You can call `is_high` on an input pin and `set_high` on an output pin, but "
"not vice-versa."
msgstr ""
"Vous pouvez appeler `is_high` sur une broche d'entrée et `set_high` sur une "
"broche de sortie, mais pas l'inverse."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Many HAL crates follow this pattern."
msgstr "De nombreuses caisses HAL suivent ce modèle."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The [`embedded-hal`](https://crates.io/crates/embedded-hal) crate provides a "
"number of traits covering common microcontroller peripherals."
msgstr ""
"La caisse [`embedded-hal`](https://crates.io/crates/embedded-hal) fournit un "
"certain nombre de caractéristiques couvrant les périphériques de "
"microcontrôleur courants."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "GPIO"
msgstr "GPIO"

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "ADC"
msgstr "ADC"

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "I2C, SPI, UART, CAN"
msgstr "I2C, SPI, UART, PEUT"

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "RNG"
msgstr "GNA"

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Timers"
msgstr "Minuteries"

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Watchdogs"
msgstr "Chiens de garde"

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Other crates then implement [drivers](https://github.com/rust-embedded/"
"awesome-embedded-rust#driver-crates) in terms of these traits, e.g. an "
"accelerometer driver might need an I2C or SPI bus implementation."
msgstr ""
"D'autres caisses mettent alors en œuvre [pilotes](https://github.com/rust-"
"embedded/awesome-embedded-rust#driver-crates) en ce qui concerne ces traits, "
"par ex. un pilote d'accéléromètre peut nécessiter une implémentation de bus "
"I2C ou SPI."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"There are implementations for many microcontrollers, as well as other "
"platforms such as Linux on Raspberry Pi."
msgstr ""
"Il existe des implémentations pour de nombreux microcontrôleurs, ainsi que "
"pour d'autres plates-formes telles que Linux sur Tarte aux framboises."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"There is work in progress on an `async` version of `embedded-hal`, but it "
"isn't stable yet."
msgstr ""
"Il y a des travaux en cours sur une version `async` de `embedded-hal`, mais "
"ce n'est pas encore stable."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"[probe-rs](https://probe.rs/) is a handy toolset for embedded debugging, "
"like OpenOCD but better integrated."
msgstr ""
"[probe-rs](https://probe.rs/) est un ensemble d'outils pratique pour le "
"débogage intégré, comme OpenOCD mais en mieux intégré."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"SWD (Serial Wire Debug) and JTAG via CMSIS-DAP, ST-Link and J-Link probes"
msgstr " et JTAG via les sondes CMSIS-DAP, ST-Link et J-Link"

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md
msgid "GDB stub and Microsoft DAP (Debug Adapter Protocol) server"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md
msgid "Cargo integration"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`cargo-embed` is a cargo subcommand to build and flash binaries, log RTT "
"(Real Time Transfers) output and connect GDB. It's configured by an `Embed."
"toml` file in your project directory."
msgstr ""
" et connectez GDB. Il est configuré par un Fichier `Embed.toml` dans votre "
"répertoire de projet."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"[CMSIS-DAP](https://arm-software.github.io/CMSIS_5/DAP/html/index.html) is "
"an Arm standard protocol over USB for an in-circuit debugger to access the "
"CoreSight Debug Access Port of various Arm Cortex processors. It's what the "
"on-board debugger on the BBC micro:bit uses."
msgstr ""
"[CMSIS-DAP](https://arm-software.github.io/CMSIS_5/DAP/html/index.html) est "
"une norme Arm protocole sur USB pour un débogueur en circuit pour accéder au "
"port d'accès de débogage CoreSight de divers Processeurs Arm Cortex. C'est "
"ce que le débogueur embarqué sur le BBC micro:bit utilise."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"ST-Link is a range of in-circuit debuggers from ST Microelectronics, J-Link "
"is a range from SEGGER."
msgstr ""
"ST-Link est une gamme de débogueurs en circuit de ST Microelectronics, J-"
"Link est une gamme de SEGER."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The Debug Access Port is usually either a 5-pin JTAG interface or 2-pin "
"Serial Wire Debug."
msgstr ""
"Le port d'accès au débogage est généralement une interface JTAG à 5 broches "
"ou un débogage de fil série à 2 broches."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"probe-rs is a library which you can integrate into your own tools if you "
"want to."
msgstr ""
"probe-rs est une bibliothèque que vous pouvez intégrer dans vos propres "
"outils si vous le souhaitez."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The [Microsoft Debug Adapter Protocol](https://microsoft.github.io/debug-"
"adapter-protocol/) lets VSCode and other IDEs debug code running on any "
"supported microcontroller."
msgstr ""
"Le \\[protocole de l'adaptateur de débogage Microsoft\\] (https://microsoft."
"github.io/debug-adapter-protocol/) permet VSCode et d'autres IDE déboguent "
"le code s'exécutant sur n'importe quel microcontrôleur pris en charge."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "cargo-embed is a binary built using the probe-rs library."
msgstr ""
"cargo-embed est un binaire construit à l'aide de la bibliothèque probe-rs."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"RTT (Real Time Transfers) is a mechanism to transfer data between the debug "
"host and the target through a number of ringbuffers."
msgstr ""
"RTT (Real Time Transfers) est un mécanisme de transfert de données entre "
"l'hôte de débogage et la cible à travers un certain nombre de tampons "
"circulaires."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_Embed.toml_:"
msgstr "Intégrer.toml :"

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "In one terminal under `src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/examples/`:"
msgstr "Dans un terminal sous `src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/examples/` :"

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "In another terminal in the same directory:"
msgstr "Dans un autre terminal du même répertoire :"

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md
msgid "On gLinux or Debian:"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "In GDB, try running:"
msgstr "Dans GDB, essayez d'exécuter :"

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md
#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Other projects"
msgstr "Autres projets"

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "[RTIC](https://rtic.rs/)"
msgstr "\\* [RTIC](https://rtic.rs/)"

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "\"Real-Time Interrupt-driven Concurrency\""
msgstr "\"Concurrence pilotée par interruption en temps réel\""

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Shared resource management, message passing, task scheduling, timer queue"
msgstr ""
"Gestion des ressources partagées, transmission de messages, planification "
"des tâches, file d'attente du minuteur"

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "[Embassy](https://embassy.dev/)"
msgstr "[Ambassade](https://embassy.dev/)"

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`async` executors with priorities, timers, networking, USB"
msgstr ""
"Exécuteurs \"asynchrones\" avec priorités, minuteries, mise en réseau, USB"

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "[TockOS](https://www.tockos.org/documentation/getting-started)"
msgstr "[TockOS](https://www.tockos.org/documentation/getting-started)"

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Security-focused RTOS with preemptive scheduling and Memory Protection Unit "
"support"
msgstr ""
"RTOS axé sur la sécurité avec planification préemptive et prise en charge de "
"l'unité de protection de la mémoire"

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "[Hubris](https://hubris.oxide.computer/)"
msgstr "[Hubris](https://hubris.oxide.computer/)"

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Microkernel RTOS from Oxide Computer Company with memory protection, "
"unprivileged drivers, IPC"
msgstr ""
"Microkernel RTOS d'Oxide Computer Company avec protection de la mémoire, "
"pilotes non privilégiés, IPC"

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "[Bindings for FreeRTOS](https://github.com/lobaro/FreeRTOS-rust)"
msgstr "[Liaisons pour FreeRTOS](https://github.com/lobaro/FreeRTOS-rust)"

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Some platforms have `std` implementations, e.g. [esp-idf](https://esp-rs."
"github.io/book/overview/using-the-standard-library.html)."
msgstr ""
"Certaines plates-formes ont des implémentations \"std\", par ex. [esp-idf]"
"(https://esp-rs.github.io/book/overview/using-the-standard-library.html)."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "RTIC can be considered either an RTOS or a concurrency framework."
msgstr "RTIC peut être considéré comme un RTOS ou un cadre de concurrence."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "It doesn't include any HALs."
msgstr "Il n'inclut aucun HAL."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"It uses the Cortex-M NVIC (Nested Virtual Interrupt Controller) for "
"scheduling rather than a proper kernel."
msgstr ""
"Il utilise le Cortex-M NVIC (Nested Virtual Interrupt Controller) pour la "
"planification plutôt qu'un noyau approprié."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Cortex-M only."
msgstr "Cortex-M uniquement."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Google uses TockOS on the Haven microcontroller for Titan security keys."
msgstr ""
"Google utilise TockOS sur le microcontrôleur Haven pour les clés de sécurité "
"Titan."

#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"FreeRTOS is mostly written in C, but there are Rust bindings for writing "
"applications."
msgstr ""
"FreeRTOS est principalement écrit en C, mais il existe des liaisons Rust "
"pour écrire des applications."

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/morning.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"We will read the direction from an I2C compass, and log the readings to a "
"serial port."
msgstr ""
"Nous lirons la direction à partir d'une boussole I2C et enregistrerons les "
"lectures sur un port série."

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/morning.md src/exercises/concurrency/morning.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"After looking at the exercises, you can look at the [solutions](solutions-"
"morning.md) provided."
msgstr ""
"Après avoir regardé l'exercice, vous pouvez regarder la [solution](solutions-"
"afternoon.md) fournie."

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"We will read the direction from an I2C compass, and log the readings to a "
"serial port. If you have time, try displaying it on the LEDs somehow too, or "
"use the buttons somehow."
msgstr ""
"Nous lirons la direction à partir d'une boussole I2C et enregistrerons les "
"lectures sur un port série. Si tu as temps, essayez de l'afficher sur les "
"LED d'une manière ou d'une autre, ou utilisez les boutons d'une manière ou "
"d'une autre."

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Hints:"
msgstr "Astuces:"

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Check the documentation for the [`lsm303agr`](https://docs.rs/lsm303agr/"
"latest/lsm303agr/) and [`microbit-v2`](https://docs.rs/microbit-v2/latest/"
"microbit/) crates, as well as the [micro:bit hardware](https://tech.microbit."
"org/hardware/)."
msgstr ""
"Consultez la documentation du [`lsm303agr`](https://docs.rs/lsm303agr/latest/"
"lsm303agr/) et [`microbit-v2`](https://docs.rs/microbit-v2/latest/microbit/) "
"caisses, ainsi que les [matériel micro:bit](https://tech.microbit.org/"
"hardware/)."

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The LSM303AGR Inertial Measurement Unit is connected to the internal I2C bus."
msgstr ""
"La centrale de mesure inertielle LSM303AGR est connectée au bus interne I2C."

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"TWI is another name for I2C, so the I2C master peripheral is called TWIM."
msgstr ""
"TWI est un autre nom pour I2C, donc le périphérique maître I2C s'appelle "
"TWIM."

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The LSM303AGR driver needs something implementing the `embedded_hal::"
"blocking::i2c::WriteRead` trait. The [`microbit::hal::Twim`](https://docs.rs/"
"microbit-v2/latest/microbit/hal/struct.Twim.html) struct implements this."
msgstr ""
"Le pilote LSM303AGR a besoin de quelque chose implémentant `embedded_hal::"
"blocking::i2c::WriteRead` trait. Le [`microbit::hal::Twim`](https://docs.rs/"
"microbit-v2/latest/microbit/hal/struct.Twim.html) structure implémente cela."

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"You have a [`microbit::Board`](https://docs.rs/microbit-v2/latest/microbit/"
"struct.Board.html) struct with fields for the various pins and peripherals."
msgstr ""
"Vous avez un [`microbit::Board`](https://docs.rs/microbit-v2/latest/microbit/"
"struct.Board.html) structure avec des champs pour les différentes broches et "
"périphériques."

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"You can also look at the [nRF52833 datasheet](https://infocenter.nordicsemi."
"com/pdf/nRF52833_PS_v1.5.pdf) if you want, but it shouldn't be necessary for "
"this exercise."
msgstr ""
"Vous pouvez également consulter le [fiche technique nRF52833](https://"
"infocenter.nordicsemi.com/pdf/nRF52833_PS_v1.5.pdf) si vous le souhaitez, "
"mais cela ne devrait pas être nécessaire pour cet exercice."

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Download the [exercise template](../../comprehensive-rust-exercises.zip) and "
"look in the `compass` directory for the following files."
msgstr ""
"Téléchargez le \\[modèle d'exercice\\] (../../comprehensive-rust-exercises."
"zip) et regardez dans la `boussole` répertoire pour les fichiers suivants."

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_src/main.rs_:"
msgstr "`src/main.rs` :"

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_Cargo.toml_ (you shouldn't need to change this):"
msgstr "`Cargo.toml` (vous ne devriez pas avoir besoin de le modifier) :"

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_Embed.toml_ (you shouldn't need to change this):"
msgstr "`Embed.toml` (vous ne devriez pas avoir besoin de le modifier) :"

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_.cargo/config.toml_ (you shouldn't need to change this):"
msgstr ""
"`.cargo/config.toml` (vous ne devriez pas avoir besoin de le modifier) :"

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "See the serial output on Linux with:"
msgstr "Voir la sortie série sur Linux avec :"

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Or on Mac OS something like (the device name may be slightly different):"
msgstr ""
"Ou sur Mac OS quelque chose comme (le nom de l'appareil peut être légèrement "
"différent) :"

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Use Ctrl+A Ctrl+Q to quit picocom."
msgstr "Utilisez Ctrl+A Ctrl+Q pour quitter picocom."

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md
msgid "Bare Metal Rust Morning Exercise"
msgstr "Exercice du matin avec Rust sur bare metal"

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "([back to exercise](compass.md))"
msgstr "([retour à l'exercice](compass.md))"

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md
msgid "// Configure serial port.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md
msgid "// Use the system timer as a delay provider.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md
msgid "// Set up the I2C controller and Inertial Measurement Unit.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md
msgid "\"Setting up IMU...\""
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md
msgid "// Set up display and timer.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md
msgid "\"Ready.\""
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md
msgid "// Read compass data and log it to the serial port.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md
msgid "\"{},{},{}\\t{},{},{}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md
msgid ""
"// If button A is pressed, switch to the next mode and briefly blink all "
"LEDs\n"
"        // on.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Application processors"
msgstr "Processeurs d'application"

#: src/bare-metal/aps.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"So far we've talked about microcontrollers, such as the Arm Cortex-M series. "
"Now let's try writing something for Cortex-A. For simplicity we'll just work "
"with QEMU's aarch64 ['virt'](https://qemu-project.gitlab.io/qemu/system/arm/"
"virt.html) board."
msgstr ""
"Jusqu'à présent, nous avons parlé de microcontrôleurs, tels que la série Arm "
"Cortex-M. Essayons maintenant d'écrire quelque chose pour Cortex-A. Pour "
"plus de simplicité, nous allons simplement travailler avec aarch64 de QEMU "
"['virt'](https://qemu-project.gitlab.io/qemu/system/arm/virt.html)."

#: src/bare-metal/aps.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Broadly speaking, microcontrollers don't have an MMU or multiple levels of "
"privilege (exception levels on Arm CPUs, rings on x86), while application "
"processors do."
msgstr ""
"D'une manière générale, les microcontrôleurs n'ont pas de MMU ou plusieurs "
"niveaux de privilège (exception niveaux sur les processeurs Arm, sonne sur "
"x86), contrairement aux processeurs d'application."

#: src/bare-metal/aps.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"QEMU supports emulating various different machines or board models for each "
"architecture. The 'virt' board doesn't correspond to any particular real "
"hardware, but is designed purely for virtual machines."
msgstr ""
"QEMU prend en charge l'émulation de différentes machines ou modèles de "
"cartes pour chaque architecture. Le La carte 'virt' ne correspond à aucun "
"matériel réel particulier, mais est conçue uniquement pour machines "
"virtuelles."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md
msgid ""
"Before we can start running Rust code, we need to do some initialisation."
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md
msgid ""
"```armasm\n"
".section .init.entry, \"ax\"\n"
".global entry\n"
"entry:\n"
"    /*\n"
"     * Load and apply the memory management configuration, ready to enable "
"MMU and\n"
"     * caches.\n"
"     */\n"
"    adrp x30, idmap\n"
"    msr ttbr0_el1, x30\n"
"\n"
"    mov_i x30, .Lmairval\n"
"    msr mair_el1, x30\n"
"\n"
"    mov_i x30, .Ltcrval\n"
"    /* Copy the supported PA range into TCR_EL1.IPS. */\n"
"    mrs x29, id_aa64mmfr0_el1\n"
"    bfi x30, x29, #32, #4\n"
"\n"
"    msr tcr_el1, x30\n"
"\n"
"    mov_i x30, .Lsctlrval\n"
"\n"
"    /*\n"
"     * Ensure everything before this point has completed, then invalidate "
"any\n"
"     * potentially stale local TLB entries before they start being used.\n"
"     */\n"
"    isb\n"
"    tlbi vmalle1\n"
"    ic iallu\n"
"    dsb nsh\n"
"    isb\n"
"\n"
"    /*\n"
"     * Configure sctlr_el1 to enable MMU and cache and don't proceed until "
"this\n"
"     * has completed.\n"
"     */\n"
"    msr sctlr_el1, x30\n"
"    isb\n"
"\n"
"    /* Disable trapping floating point access in EL1. */\n"
"    mrs x30, cpacr_el1\n"
"    orr x30, x30, #(0x3 << 20)\n"
"    msr cpacr_el1, x30\n"
"    isb\n"
"\n"
"    /* Zero out the bss section. */\n"
"    adr_l x29, bss_begin\n"
"    adr_l x30, bss_end\n"
"0:  cmp x29, x30\n"
"    b.hs 1f\n"
"    stp xzr, xzr, [x29], #16\n"
"    b 0b\n"
"\n"
"1:  /* Prepare the stack. */\n"
"    adr_l x30, boot_stack_end\n"
"    mov sp, x30\n"
"\n"
"    /* Set up exception vector. */\n"
"    adr x30, vector_table_el1\n"
"    msr vbar_el1, x30\n"
"\n"
"    /* Call into Rust code. */\n"
"    bl main\n"
"\n"
"    /* Loop forever waiting for interrupts. */\n"
"2:  wfi\n"
"    b 2b\n"
"```"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md
msgid ""
"This is the same as it would be for C: initialising the processor state, "
"zeroing the BSS, and setting up the stack pointer."
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md
msgid ""
"The BSS (block starting symbol, for historical reasons) is the part of the "
"object file which containing statically allocated variables which are "
"initialised to zero. They are omitted from the image, to avoid wasting space "
"on zeroes. The compiler assumes that the loader will take care of zeroing "
"them."
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md
msgid ""
"The BSS may already be zeroed, depending on how memory is initialised and "
"the image is loaded, but we zero it to be sure."
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md
msgid ""
"We need to enable the MMU and cache before reading or writing any memory. If "
"we don't:"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md
msgid ""
"Unaligned accesses will fault. We build the Rust code for the `aarch64-"
"unknown-none` target which sets `+strict-align` to prevent the compiler "
"generating unaligned accesses, so it should be fine in this case, but this "
"is not necessarily the case in general."
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md
msgid ""
"If it were running in a VM, this can lead to cache coherency issues. The "
"problem is that the VM is accessing memory directly with the cache disabled, "
"while the host has cacheable aliases to the same memory. Even if the host "
"doesn't explicitly access the memory, speculative accesses can lead to cache "
"fills, and then changes from one or the other will get lost when the cache "
"is cleaned or the VM enables the cache. (Cache is keyed by physical address, "
"not VA or IPA.)"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md
msgid ""
"For simplicity, we just use a hardcoded pagetable (see `idmap.S`) which "
"identity maps the first 1 GiB of address space for devices, the next 1 GiB "
"for DRAM, and another 1 GiB higher up for more devices. This matches the "
"memory layout that QEMU uses."
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md
msgid ""
"We also set up the exception vector (`vbar_el1`), which we'll see more about "
"later."
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md
msgid ""
"All examples this afternoon assume we will be running at exception level 1 "
"(EL1). If you need to run at a different exception level you'll need to "
"modify `entry.S` accordingly."
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Inline assembly"
msgstr "Assemblage en ligne"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Sometimes we need to use assembly to do things that aren't possible with "
"Rust code. For example, to make an HVC (hypervisor call) to tell the "
"firmware to power off the system:"
msgstr ""
"Parfois, nous devons utiliser l'assemblage pour faire des choses qui ne sont "
"pas possibles avec le code Rust. Par exemple, pour effectuer un "

#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
msgid ""
"// Safe because this only uses the declared registers and doesn't do\n"
"    // anything with memory.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
msgid "\"hvc #0\""
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
msgid "\"w0\""
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
msgid "\"w1\""
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
msgid "\"w2\""
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
msgid "\"w3\""
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
msgid "\"w4\""
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
msgid "\"w5\""
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
msgid "\"w6\""
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
msgid "\"w7\""
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"(If you actually want to do this, use the [`smccc`](https://crates.io/crates/"
"smccc) crate which has wrappers for all these functions.)"
msgstr ""
"(Si vous voulez vraiment faire cela, utilisez le crate [`psci`](https://"
"crates.io/crates/smccc) qui contient des wrappers pour toutes ces fonctions.)"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"PSCI is the Arm Power State Coordination Interface, a standard set of "
"functions to manage system and CPU power states, among other things. It is "
"implemented by EL3 firmware and hypervisors on many systems."
msgstr ""
"PSCI est l'interface de coordination de l'état de l'alimentation du bras, un "
"ensemble standard de fonctions pour gérer le système et les états "
"d'alimentation du processeur, entre autres. Il est implémenté par le "
"firmware EL3 et les hyperviseurs sur de nombreux systèmes."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The `0 => _` syntax means initialise the register to 0 before running the "
"inline assembly code, and ignore its contents afterwards. We need to use "
"`inout` rather than `in` because the call could potentially clobber the "
"contents of the registers."
msgstr ""
"La syntaxe `0 => _` signifie initialiser le registre à 0 avant d'exécuter le "
"code assembleur en ligne, et ignorer son contenu par la suite. Nous devons "
"utiliser `inout` plutôt que `in` car l'appel pourrait potentiellement "
"encombrer le contenu des registres."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"This `main` function needs to be `#[no_mangle]` and `extern \"C\"` because "
"it is called from our entry point in `entry.S`."
msgstr ""
"Cette fonction `main` doit être `#[no_mangle]` et `extern \"C\"` car elle "
"est appelée depuis notre point d'entrée dans `entry.S`."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`_x0`–`_x3` are the values of registers `x0`–`x3`, which are conventionally "
"used by the bootloader to pass things like a pointer to the device tree. "
"According to the standard aarch64 calling convention (which is what `extern "
"\"C\"` specifies to use), registers `x0`–`x7` are used for the first 8 "
"arguments passed to a function, so `entry.S` doesn't need to do anything "
"special except make sure it doesn't change these registers."
msgstr ""
"`_x0`–`_x3` sont les valeurs des registres `x0`–`x3`, qui sont classiquement "
"utilisés par le bootloader pour passer des choses comme un pointeur vers "
"l'arborescence des périphériques. Selon l'appel standard aarch64 convention "
"(qui est ce que `extern \"C\"` spécifie d'utiliser), les registres `x0`–`x7` "
"sont utilisés pour la 8 premiers arguments passés à une fonction, donc "
"`entry.S` n'a rien de spécial à faire sauf assurez-vous qu'il ne modifie pas "
"ces registres."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Run the example in QEMU with `make qemu_psci` under `src/bare-metal/aps/"
"examples`."
msgstr ""
"Exécutez l'exemple dans QEMU avec `make qemu_psci` sous `src/bare-metal/aps/"
"examples`."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Volatile memory access for MMIO"
msgstr "Accès mémoire volatile pour MMIO"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Use `pointer::read_volatile` and `pointer::write_volatile`."
msgstr "Utilisez `pointer::read_volatile` et `pointer::write_volatile`."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Never hold a reference."
msgstr "Ne détenez jamais une référence."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`addr_of!` lets you get fields of structs without creating an intermediate "
"reference."
msgstr ""
"`addr_of!` vous permet d'obtenir des champs de structures sans créer de "
"référence intermédiaire."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Volatile access: read or write operations may have side-effects, so prevent "
"the compiler or hardware from reordering, duplicating or eliding them."
msgstr ""
"Accès volatile : les opérations de lecture ou d'écriture peuvent avoir des "
"effets secondaires, évitez donc que le compilateur ou matériel de les "
"réorganiser, de les dupliquer ou de les supprimer."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Usually if you write and then read, e.g. via a mutable reference, the "
"compiler may assume that the value read is the same as the value just "
"written, and not bother actually reading memory."
msgstr ""
"Habituellement, si vous écrivez puis lisez, par ex. via une référence "
"mutable, le compilateur peut supposer que la valeur lue est la même que la "
"valeur que vous venez d'écrire et ne vous souciez pas de lire la mémoire."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Some existing crates for volatile access to hardware do hold references, but "
"this is unsound. Whenever a reference exist, the compiler may choose to "
"dereference it."
msgstr ""
"Certaines caisses existantes pour l'accès volatile au matériel contiennent "
"des références, mais ce n'est pas valable. Chaque fois qu'une référence "
"existe, le compilateur peut choisir de la déréférencer."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Use the `addr_of!` macro to get struct field pointers from a pointer to the "
"struct."
msgstr ""
"Utilisez la macro `addr_of!` pour obtenir des pointeurs de champ struct à "
"partir d'un pointeur vers la struct."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Let's write a UART driver"
msgstr "Écrivons un pilote UART"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The QEMU 'virt' machine has a [PL011](https://developer.arm.com/"
"documentation/ddi0183/g) UART, so let's write a driver for that."
msgstr ""
"La machine QEMU 'virt' a un [PL011](https://developer.arm.com/documentation/"
"ddi0183/g) UART, écrivons donc un pilote pour cela."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md
msgid "/// Minimal driver for a PL011 UART.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md
msgid ""
"/// Constructs a new instance of the UART driver for a PL011 device at the\n"
"    /// given base address.\n"
"    ///\n"
"    /// # Safety\n"
"    ///\n"
"    /// The given base address must point to the 8 MMIO control registers of "
"a\n"
"    /// PL011 device, which must be mapped into the address space of the "
"process\n"
"    /// as device memory and not have any other aliases.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md
msgid "/// Writes a single byte to the UART.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md
msgid "// Wait until there is room in the TX buffer.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md
msgid ""
"// Safe because we know that the base address points to the control\n"
"        // registers of a PL011 device which is appropriately mapped.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md
msgid "// Write to the TX buffer.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md
msgid "// Wait until the UART is no longer busy.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Note that `Uart::new` is unsafe while the other methods are safe. This is "
"because as long as the caller of `Uart::new` guarantees that its safety "
"requirements are met (i.e. that there is only ever one instance of the "
"driver for a given UART, and nothing else aliasing its address space), then "
"it is always safe to call `write_byte` later because we can assume the "
"necessary preconditions."
msgstr ""
"Notez que `Uart::new` n'est pas sûr alors que les autres méthodes sont "
"sûres. C'est parce que tant que le l'appelant de `Uart::new` garantit que "
"ses exigences de sécurité sont respectées (c'est-à-dire qu'il n'y a jamais "
"une instance du pilote pour un UART donné, et rien d'autre aliasant son "
"espace d'adressage), alors il est toujours sûr d'appeler `write_byte` plus "
"tard car nous pouvons supposer que le nécessaire conditions préalables."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"We could have done it the other way around (making `new` safe but "
"`write_byte` unsafe), but that would be much less convenient to use as every "
"place that calls `write_byte` would need to reason about the safety"
msgstr ""
"Nous aurions pu faire l'inverse (rendre `new` sûr mais `write_byte` non "
"sûr), mais cela serait beaucoup moins pratique à utiliser car chaque endroit "
"qui appelle `write_byte` aurait besoin de raisonner sur la sécurité"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"This is a common pattern for writing safe wrappers of unsafe code: moving "
"the burden of proof for soundness from a large number of places to a smaller "
"number of places."
msgstr ""
"Il s'agit d'un modèle courant pour écrire des wrappers sûrs de code non "
"sécurisé : déplacer la charge de la preuve pour solidité d'un grand nombre "
"d'endroits à un plus petit nombre d'endroits."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart/traits.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "More traits"
msgstr "Plus de traits"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart/traits.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"We derived the `Debug` trait. It would be useful to implement a few more "
"traits too."
msgstr ""
"Nous avons dérivé le trait `Debug`. Il serait également utile de mettre en "
"œuvre quelques traits supplémentaires."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart/traits.md
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid ""
"// Safe because it just contains a pointer to device memory, which can be\n"
"// accessed from any context.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart/traits.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Implementing `Write` lets us use the `write!` and `writeln!` macros with our "
"`Uart` type."
msgstr ""
"L'implémentation de `Write` nous permet d'utiliser les macros `write!` et "
"`writeln!` avec notre type `Uart`."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart/traits.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Run the example in QEMU with `make qemu_minimal` under `src/bare-metal/aps/"
"examples`."
msgstr ""
"Exécutez l'exemple dans QEMU avec `make qemu_minimal` sous `src/bare-metal/"
"aps/examples`."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "A better UART driver"
msgstr "Un meilleur pilote UART"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The PL011 actually has [a bunch more registers](https://developer.arm.com/"
"documentation/ddi0183/g/programmers-model/summary-of-registers), and adding "
"offsets to construct pointers to access them is error-prone and hard to "
"read. Plus, some of them are bit fields which would be nice to access in a "
"structured way."
msgstr ""
"Le PL011 a en fait \\[un tas de registres supplémentaires\\] [1](https://"
"developer.arm.com/documentation/ddi0183/g/programmers-model/summary-of-"
"registers), et ajoute des décalages pour construire des pointeurs pour "
"accéder est sujette aux erreurs et difficile à lire. De plus, certains "
"d'entre eux sont des champs de bits, ce qui serait bien de accéder de "
"manière structurée."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Offset"
msgstr "Décalage"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Register name"
msgstr "Nom du registre"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Width"
msgstr "Largeur"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "0x00"
msgstr "0x00"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "DR"
msgstr "DR"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "12"
msgstr "12"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "0x04"
msgstr "0x04"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "RSR"
msgstr "RSR"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "0x18"
msgstr "0x18"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "FR"
msgstr "EN"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "9"
msgstr "9"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "0x20"
msgstr "0x20"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "ILPR"
msgstr "ILPR"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "0x24"
msgstr "0x24"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "IBRD"
msgstr "BIRD"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "16"
msgstr "16"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "0x28"
msgstr "0x28"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "FBRD"
msgstr "FBRD"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "0x2c"
msgstr "0x2c"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "LCR_H"
msgstr "LCR_H"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "0x30"
msgstr "0x30"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "CR"
msgstr "CR"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "0x34"
msgstr "0x34"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "IFLS"
msgstr "IFLS"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "0x38"
msgstr "0x38"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "IMSC"
msgstr "IMSC"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "11"
msgstr "11"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "0x3c"
msgstr "0x3c"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "RIS"
msgstr "SIR"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "0x40"
msgstr "0x40"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "MIS"
msgstr "SIG"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "0x44"
msgstr "0x44"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "ICR"
msgstr "RIC"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "0x48"
msgstr "0x48"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "DMACR"
msgstr "DMACR"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "There are also some ID registers which have been omitted for brevity."
msgstr ""
"Il existe également des registres d'identification qui ont été omis par "
"souci de brièveté."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The [`bitflags`](https://crates.io/crates/bitflags) crate is useful for "
"working with bitflags."
msgstr ""
"Le crate [`bitflags`](https://crates.io/crates/bitflags) est utile pour "
"travailler avec les bitflags."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md
msgid "/// Flags from the UART flag register.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md
msgid "/// Clear to send.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md
msgid "/// Data set ready.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md
msgid "/// Data carrier detect.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md
msgid "/// UART busy transmitting data.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md
msgid "/// Receive FIFO is empty.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md
msgid "/// Transmit FIFO is full.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md
msgid "/// Receive FIFO is full.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md
msgid "/// Transmit FIFO is empty.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md
msgid "/// Ring indicator.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The `bitflags!` macro creates a newtype something like `Flags(u16)`, along "
"with a bunch of method implementations to get and set flags."
msgstr ""
"La macro `bitflags!` crée un nouveau type quelque chose comme `Flags(u16)`, "
"avec un tas de méthodes implémentations pour obtenir et définir des drapeaux."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/registers.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Multiple registers"
msgstr "Plusieurs registres"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/registers.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"We can use a struct to represent the memory layout of the UART's registers."
msgstr ""
"Nous pouvons utiliser une structure pour représenter la disposition de la "
"mémoire des registres de l'UART."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/registers.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"[`#[repr(C)]`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/type-layout.html#the-c-"
"representation) tells the compiler to lay the struct fields out in order, "
"following the same rules as C. This is necessary for our struct to have a "
"predictable layout, as default Rust representation allows the compiler to "
"(among other things) reorder fields however it sees fit."
msgstr ""
"[`#[repr(C)]`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/type-layout.html#the-c-"
"representation) indique le compilateur pour disposer les champs struct dans "
"l'ordre, en suivant les mêmes règles que C. Ceci est nécessaire pour que "
"notre structure ait une mise en page prévisible, car la représentation Rust "
"par défaut permet compilateur pour (entre autres) réorganiser les champs "
"comme bon lui semble."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Now let's use the new `Registers` struct in our driver."
msgstr ""
"Utilisons maintenant la nouvelle structure `Registers` dans notre pilote."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md
msgid "/// Driver for a PL011 UART.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md
msgid ""
"// Safe because we know that self.registers points to the control\n"
"        // registers of a PL011 device which is appropriately mapped.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md
msgid ""
"/// Reads and returns a pending byte, or `None` if nothing has been\n"
"    /// received.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md
msgid "// TODO: Check for error conditions in bits 8-11.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Note the use of `addr_of!` / `addr_of_mut!` to get pointers to individual "
"fields without creating an intermediate reference, which would be unsound."
msgstr ""
"Notez l'utilisation de `addr_of!` / `addr_of_mut!` pour obtenir des "
"pointeurs vers des champs individuels sans créer une référence "
"intermédiaire, qui serait malsaine."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Using it"
msgstr "En l'utilisant"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Let's write a small program using our driver to write to the serial console, "
"and echo incoming bytes."
msgstr ""
"Écrivons un petit programme en utilisant notre pilote pour écrire sur la "
"console série et écho entrant octets."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "/// Base address of the primary PL011 UART.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid ""
"// Safe because `PL011_BASE_ADDRESS` is the base address of a PL011 device,\n"
"    // and nothing else accesses that address range.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md
msgid "\"main({x0:#x}, {x1:#x}, {x2:#x}, {x3:#x})\""
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md
msgid "b'\\r'"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md
msgid "b'\\n'"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md
msgid "b'q'"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md
msgid "\"Bye!\""
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"As in the [inline assembly](../inline-assembly.md) example, this `main` "
"function is called from our entry point code in `entry.S`. See the speaker "
"notes there for details."
msgstr ""
"Comme dans l'exemple [inline assembly](../inline-assembly.md), cette "
"fonction `main` est appelée depuis notre code du point d'entrée dans `entry."
"S`. Voir les notes du formateur pour plus de détails."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Run the example in QEMU with `make qemu` under `src/bare-metal/aps/examples`."
msgstr ""
"Exécutez l'exemple dans QEMU avec `make qemu` sous `src/bare-metal/aps/"
"examples`."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/logging.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"It would be nice to be able to use the logging macros from the [`log`]"
"(https://crates.io/crates/log) crate. We can do this by implementing the "
"`Log` trait."
msgstr ""
"Ce serait bien de pouvoir utiliser les macros de journalisation du crate "
"[`log`](https://crates.io/crates/log). Nous pouvons le faire en implémentant "
"le trait `Log`."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/logging.md
msgid "\"[{}] {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/logging.md
msgid "/// Initialises UART logger.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/logging.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The unwrap in `log` is safe because we initialise `LOGGER` before calling "
"`set_logger`."
msgstr ""
"Le déballage dans `log` est sûr car nous initialisons `LOGGER` avant "
"d'appeler `set_logger`."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "We need to initialise the logger before we use it."
msgstr "Nous devons initialiser l'enregistreur avant de l'utiliser."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "\"{info}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Note that our panic handler can now log details of panics."
msgstr ""
"Notez que notre gestionnaire de panique peut désormais enregistrer les "
"détails des paniques."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Run the example in QEMU with `make qemu_logger` under `src/bare-metal/aps/"
"examples`."
msgstr ""
"Exécutez l'exemple dans QEMU avec `make qemu_logger` sous `src/bare-metal/"
"aps/examples`."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/exceptions.md
msgid ""
"AArch64 defines an exception vector table with 16 entries, for 4 types of "
"exceptions (synchronous, IRQ, FIQ, SError) from 4 states (current EL with "
"SP0, current EL with SPx, lower EL using AArch64, lower EL using AArch32). "
"We implement this in assembly to save volatile registers to the stack before "
"calling into Rust code:"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/exceptions.md
msgid "EL is exception level; all our examples this afternoon run in EL1."
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/exceptions.md
msgid ""
"For simplicity we aren't distinguishing between SP0 and SPx for the current "
"EL exceptions, or between AArch32 and AArch64 for the lower EL exceptions."
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/exceptions.md
msgid ""
"For this example we just log the exception and power down, as we don't "
"expect any of them to actually happen."
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/exceptions.md
msgid ""
"We can think of exception handlers and our main execution context more or "
"less like different threads. [`Send` and `Sync`](../../concurrency/send-sync."
"md) will control what we can share between them, just like with threads. For "
"example, if we want to share some value between exception handlers and the "
"rest of the program, and it's `Send` but not `Sync`, then we'll need to wrap "
"it in something like a `Mutex` and put it in a static."
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "[oreboot](https://github.com/oreboot/oreboot)"
msgstr "[oreboot](https://github.com/oreboot/oreboot)"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "\"coreboot without the C\""
msgstr "\"coreboot sans le C\""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Supports x86, aarch64 and RISC-V."
msgstr "Prend en charge x86, aarch64 et RISC-V."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Relies on LinuxBoot rather than having many drivers itself."
msgstr ""
"S'appuie sur LinuxBoot plutôt que d'avoir lui-même de nombreux pilotes."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"[Rust RaspberryPi OS tutorial](https://github.com/rust-embedded/rust-"
"raspberrypi-OS-tutorials)"
msgstr ""
"\\[Tutoriel Rust RaspberryPi OS\\] (https://github.com/rust-embedded/rust-"
"raspberrypi-OS-tutorials)"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Initialisation, UART driver, simple bootloader, JTAG, exception levels, "
"exception handling, page tables"
msgstr ""
"Initialisation, pilote UART, chargeur de démarrage simple, JTAG, niveaux "
"d'exception, gestion des exceptions, tables de pages"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Some dodginess around cache maintenance and initialisation in Rust, not "
"necessarily a good example to copy for production code."
msgstr "Pas tous très bien écrits, alors méfiez-vous."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "[`cargo-call-stack`](https://crates.io/crates/cargo-call-stack)"
msgstr "[`pile-appel-cargo`](https://crates.io/crates/pile-appel-cargo)"

#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Static analysis to determine maximum stack usage."
msgstr "Analyse statique pour déterminer l'utilisation maximale de la pile."

#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md
msgid ""
"The RaspberryPi OS tutorial runs Rust code before the MMU and caches are "
"enabled. This will read and write memory (e.g. the stack). However:"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md
msgid ""
"Without the MMU and cache, unaligned accesses will fault. It builds with "
"`aarch64-unknown-none` which sets `+strict-align` to prevent the compiler "
"generating unaligned accesses so it should be alright, but this is not "
"necessarily the case in general."
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md
msgid ""
"If it were running in a VM, this can lead to cache coherency issues. The "
"problem is that the VM is accessing memory directly with the cache disabled, "
"while the host has cacheable aliases to the same memory. Even if the host "
"doesn't explicitly access the memory, speculative accesses can lead to cache "
"fills, and then changes from one or the other will get lost. Again this is "
"alright in this particular case (running directly on the hardware with no "
"hypervisor), but isn't a good pattern in general."
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates.md
msgid "Useful crates"
msgstr "Crates utiles"

#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"We'll go over a few crates which solve some common problems in bare-metal "
"programming."
msgstr ""
"Nous allons passer en revue quelques caisses qui résolvent certains "
"problèmes courants de la programmation bare-metal."

#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The [`zerocopy`](https://docs.rs/zerocopy/) crate (from Fuchsia) provides "
"traits and macros for safely converting between byte sequences and other "
"types."
msgstr ""
"La caisse [`zerocopy`](https://docs.rs/zerocopy/) (de Fuchsia) fournit des "
"traits et des macros pour convertir en toute sécurité entre séquences "
"d'octets et autres types."

#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"This is not suitable for MMIO (as it doesn't use volatile reads and writes), "
"but can be useful for working with structures shared with hardware e.g. by "
"DMA, or sent over some external interface."
msgstr ""
"Ce n'est pas adapté pour MMIO (car il n'utilise pas de lectures et "
"d'écritures volatiles), mais peut être utile pour travailler avec des "
"structures partagées avec du matériel, par ex. par DMA, ou envoyé sur une "
"interface externe."

#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`FromBytes` can be implemented for types for which any byte pattern is "
"valid, and so can safely be converted from an untrusted sequence of bytes."
msgstr ""
"`FromBytes` peut être implémenté pour les types pour lesquels n'importe quel "
"modèle d'octet est valide, et peut donc être en toute sécurité converti à "
"partir d'une séquence d'octets non fiable."

#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Attempting to derive `FromBytes` for these types would fail, because "
"`RequestType` doesn't use all possible u32 values as discriminants, so not "
"all byte patterns are valid."
msgstr ""
"Tenter de dériver `FromBytes` pour ces types échouerait, car `RequestType` "
"n'utilise pas tous les valeurs u32 possibles comme discriminants, donc tous "
"les modèles d'octets ne sont pas valides."

#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`zerocopy::byteorder` has types for byte-order aware numeric primitives."
msgstr ""
"`zerocopy::byteorder` a des types pour les primitives numériques sensibles à "
"l'ordre des octets."

#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Run the example with `cargo run` under `src/bare-metal/useful-crates/"
"zerocopy-example/`. (It won't run in the Playground because of the crate "
"dependency.)"
msgstr ""
"Exécutez l'exemple avec `cargo run` sous `src/bare-metal/useful-crates/"
"zerocopy-example/`. (Ce ne sera pas exécuter dans le Playground en raison de "
"la dépendance de la caisse.)"

#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The [`aarch64-paging`](https://crates.io/crates/aarch64-paging) crate lets "
"you create page tables according to the AArch64 Virtual Memory System "
"Architecture."
msgstr ""
"La caisse [`aarch64-paging`](https://crates.io/crates/aarch64-paging) vous "
"permet de créer des tables de pages en fonction de la mémoire virtuelle "
"AArch64 Architecture du système."

#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md
msgid "// Create a new page table with identity mapping.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md
msgid "// Map a 2 MiB region of memory as read-only.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md
msgid "// Set `TTBR0_EL1` to activate the page table.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"For now it only supports EL1, but support for other exception levels should "
"be straightforward to add."
msgstr ""
"Pour l'instant, il ne prend en charge que EL1, mais la prise en charge "
"d'autres niveaux d'exception devrait être simple à ajouter."

#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"This is used in Android for the [Protected VM Firmware](https://cs.android."
"com/android/platform/superproject/+/master:packages/modules/Virtualization/"
"pvmfw/)."
msgstr ""
"Ceci est utilisé dans Android pour le \\[micrologiciel de la machine "
"virtuelle protégée\\] [2](https://cs.android.com/android/platform/"
"superproject/+/master:packages/modules/Virtualization/pvmfw/)."

#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"There's no easy way to run this example, as it needs to run on real hardware "
"or under QEMU."
msgstr ""
"Il n'y a pas de moyen simple d'exécuter cet exemple, car il doit être "
"exécuté sur du matériel réel ou sous QEMU."

#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/buddy_system_allocator.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"[`buddy_system_allocator`](https://crates.io/crates/buddy_system_allocator) "
"is a third-party crate implementing a basic buddy system allocator. It can "
"be used both for [`LockedHeap`](https://docs.rs/buddy_system_allocator/0.9.0/"
"buddy_system_allocator/struct.LockedHeap.html) implementing [`GlobalAlloc`]"
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/core/alloc/trait.GlobalAlloc.html) so you can use "
"the standard `alloc` crate (as we saw [before](../alloc.md)), or for "
"allocating other address space. For example, we might want to allocate MMIO "
"space for PCI BARs:"
msgstr ""
"[`buddy_system_allocator`](https://crates.io/crates/buddy_system_allocator) "
"est une caisse tierce implémentant un système d'allocation de copains de "
"base. Il peut être utilisé à la fois pour [`LockedHeap`](https://docs.rs/"
"buddy_system_allocator/0.9.0/buddy_system_allocator/struct.LockedHeap.html) "
"implémentant [`GlobalAlloc`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/core/alloc/trait."
"GlobalAlloc.html) afin que vous puissiez utiliser le caisse `alloc` standard "
"(comme nous l'avons vu \\[avant\\] [4](../alloc.md)), ou pour allouer un "
"autre espace d'adressage. Par exemple, nous pourrions vouloir allouer de "
"l'espace MMIO pour les PCI BAR :"

#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/buddy_system_allocator.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "PCI BARs always have alignment equal to their size."
msgstr "Les PCI BAR ont toujours un alignement égal à leur taille."

#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/buddy_system_allocator.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Run the example with `cargo run` under `src/bare-metal/useful-crates/"
"allocator-example/`. (It won't run in the Playground because of the crate "
"dependency.)"
msgstr ""
"Exécutez l'exemple avec `cargo run` sous `src/bare-metal/useful-crates/"
"allocator-example/`. (Ce ne sera pas exécuter dans le Playground en raison "
"de la dépendance de la caisse.)"

#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/tinyvec.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Sometimes you want something which can be resized like a `Vec`, but without "
"heap allocation. [`tinyvec`](https://crates.io/crates/tinyvec) provides "
"this: a vector backed by an array or slice, which could be statically "
"allocated or on the stack, which keeps track of how many elements are used "
"and panics if you try to use more than are allocated."
msgstr ""
"Parfois, vous voulez quelque chose qui peut être redimensionné comme un "
"`Vec`, mais sans allocation de tas. [`tinyvec`](https://crates.io/crates/"
"tinyvec) fournit ceci : un vecteur soutenu par un tableau ou une tranche, "
"qui pourrait être statiquement alloué ou sur la pile, qui garde une trace du "
"nombre d'éléments utilisés et panique si vous essayez de utiliser plus que "
"ce qui est alloué."

#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/tinyvec.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`tinyvec` requires that the element type implement `Default` for "
"initialisation."
msgstr ""
"`tinyvec` nécessite que le type d'élément implémente `Default` pour "
"l'initialisation."

#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/tinyvec.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The Rust Playground includes `tinyvec`, so this example will run fine inline."
msgstr ""
"Le Rust Playground inclut `tinyvec`, donc cet exemple fonctionnera bien en "
"ligne."

#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`std::sync::Mutex` and the other synchronisation primitives from `std::sync` "
"are not available in `core` or `alloc`. How can we manage synchronisation or "
"interior mutability, such as for sharing state between different CPUs?"
msgstr ""
"`std::sync::Mutex` et les autres primitives de synchronisation de `std::"
"sync` ne sont pas disponibles dans `core` ou `alloc`. Comment gérer la "
"synchronisation ou la mutabilité intérieure, comme pour le partage état "
"entre différents processeurs ?"

#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The [`spin`](https://crates.io/crates/spin) crate provides spinlock-based "
"equivalents of many of these primitives."
msgstr ""
"Le crate [`spin`](https://crates.io/crates/spin) fournit des équivalents "
"basés sur des verrous d'attente de plusieurs de ces primitives."

#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md
msgid "Be careful to avoid deadlock if you take locks in interrupt handlers."
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md
msgid ""
"`spin` also has a ticket lock mutex implementation; equivalents of `RwLock`, "
"`Barrier` and `Once` from `std::sync`; and `Lazy` for lazy initialisation."
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md
msgid ""
"The [`once_cell`](https://crates.io/crates/once_cell) crate also has some "
"useful types for late initialisation with a slightly different approach to "
"`spin::once::Once`."
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md
msgid ""
"The Rust Playground includes `spin`, so this example will run fine inline."
msgstr ""

#: src/bare-metal/android.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"To build a bare-metal Rust binary in AOSP, you need to use a "
"`rust_ffi_static` Soong rule to build your Rust code, then a `cc_binary` "
"with a linker script to produce the binary itself, and then a `raw_binary` "
"to convert the ELF to a raw binary ready to be run."
msgstr ""
"Pour construire un binaire Rust bare-metal dans AOSP, vous devez utiliser "
"une règle Soong `rust_ffi_static` pour construire votre code Rust, puis un "
"`cc_binary` avec un script de liaison pour produire le binaire lui-même, "
"puis un `raw_binary` pour convertir l'ELF en un binaire brut prêt à être "
"exécuté."

#: src/bare-metal/android/vmbase.md
msgid "vmbase"
msgstr "vmbase"

#: src/bare-metal/android/vmbase.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"For VMs running under crosvm on aarch64, the [vmbase](https://android."
"googlesource.com/platform/packages/modules/Virtualization/+/refs/heads/"
"master/vmbase/) library provides a linker script and useful defaults for the "
"build rules, along with an entry point, UART console logging and more."
msgstr ""
"Pour les machines virtuelles exécutées sous crosvm sur aarch64, la "
"bibliothèque [vmbase](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/packages/"
"modules/Virtualization/+/refs/heads/master/vmbase/) fournit un script de "
"liaison et des informations utiles. valeurs par défaut pour les règles de "
"construction, ainsi qu'un point d'entrée, la journalisation de la console "
"UART et plus encore."

#: src/bare-metal/android/vmbase.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The `main!` macro marks your main function, to be called from the `vmbase` "
"entry point."
msgstr ""
"La macro `main!` marque votre fonction principale, à appeler depuis le point "
"d'entrée `vmbase`."

#: src/bare-metal/android/vmbase.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The `vmbase` entry point handles console initialisation, and issues a "
"PSCI_SYSTEM_OFF to shutdown the VM if your main function returns."
msgstr ""
"Le point d'entrée `vmbase` gère l'initialisation de la console et émet un "
"PSCI_SYSTEM_OFF pour l'arrêt la VM si votre fonction principale revient."

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/afternoon.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "We will write a driver for the PL031 real-time clock device."
msgstr ""
"Nous allons écrire un pilote pour le dispositif d'horloge en temps réel "
"PL031."

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/afternoon.md src/exercises/concurrency/afternoon.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"After looking at the exercises, you can look at the [solutions](solutions-"
"afternoon.md) provided."
msgstr ""
"Après avoir regardé l'exercice, vous pouvez regarder la [solution](solutions-"
"afternoon.md) fournie."

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "RTC driver"
msgstr "Pilote RTC"

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The QEMU aarch64 virt machine has a [PL031](https://developer.arm.com/"
"documentation/ddi0224/c) real-time clock at 0x9010000. For this exercise, "
"you should write a driver for it."
msgstr ""
"La machine QEMU aarch64 virt a une horloge en temps réel \\[PL031\\] [1]"
"(https://developer.arm.com/documentation/ddi0224/c) à 0x9010000. Pour cet "
"exercice, vous devrait écrire un pilote pour cela et l'utiliser pour "
"imprimer l'heure actuelle sur la console série. Vous pouvez utiliser la "
"caisse [`chrono`](https://crates.io/crates/chrono) pour le formatage de la "
"date/heure."

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
msgid ""
"Use it to print the current time to the serial console. You can use the "
"[`chrono`](https://crates.io/crates/chrono) crate for date/time formatting."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
msgid ""
"Use the match register and raw interrupt status to busy-wait until a given "
"time, e.g. 3 seconds in the future. (Call [`core::hint::spin_loop`](https://"
"doc.rust-lang.org/core/hint/fn.spin_loop.html) inside the loop.)"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
msgid ""
"_Extension if you have time:_ Enable and handle the interrupt generated by "
"the RTC match. You can use the driver provided in the [`arm-gic`](https://"
"docs.rs/arm-gic/) crate to configure the Arm Generic Interrupt Controller."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
msgid "Use the RTC interrupt, which is wired to the GIC as `IntId::spi(2)`."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
msgid ""
"Once the interrupt is enabled, you can put the core to sleep via `arm_gic::"
"wfi()`, which will cause the core to sleep until it receives an interrupt."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Download the [exercise template](../../comprehensive-rust-exercises.zip) and "
"look in the `rtc` directory for the following files."
msgstr ""
"Téléchargez le \\[modèle d'exercice\\] (../../comprehensive-rust-exercises."
"zip) et regardez dans le `rtc` répertoire pour les fichiers suivants."

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"_src/exceptions.rs_ (you should only need to change this for the 3rd part of "
"the exercise):"
msgstr ""
"`src/exceptions.rs` (vous ne devriez pas avoir besoin de le modifier) :"

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_src/logger.rs_ (you shouldn't need to change this):"
msgstr "`src/logger.rs` (vous ne devriez pas avoir besoin de le modifier) :"

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_src/pl011.rs_ (you shouldn't need to change this):"
msgstr "`src/pl011.rs` (vous ne devriez pas avoir besoin de le modifier) :"

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_build.rs_ (you shouldn't need to change this):"
msgstr "`build.rs` (vous ne devriez pas avoir besoin de le modifier) :"

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_entry.S_ (you shouldn't need to change this):"
msgstr "`entry.S` (vous ne devriez pas avoir besoin de le modifier) :"

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_exceptions.S_ (you shouldn't need to change this):"
msgstr "`exceptions.S` (vous ne devriez pas avoir besoin de le modifier) :"

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_idmap.S_ (you shouldn't need to change this):"
msgstr "`idmap.S` (vous ne devriez pas avoir besoin de le modifier) :"

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_image.ld_ (you shouldn't need to change this):"
msgstr "`image.ld` (vous ne devriez pas avoir besoin de le modifier) :"

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_Makefile_ (you shouldn't need to change this):"
msgstr "`Makefile` (vous ne devriez pas avoir besoin de le modifier) :"

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Run the code in QEMU with `make qemu`."
msgstr "Exécutez le code dans QEMU avec `make qemu`."

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "Bare Metal Rust Afternoon"
msgstr "Bare Metal Rust Après-midi"

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "([back to exercise](rtc.md))"
msgstr "([retour à l'exercice](rtc.md))"

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_main.rs_:"
msgstr "`main.rs` :"

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "/// Base addresses of the GICv3.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "/// Base address of the PL031 RTC.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "/// The IRQ used by the PL031 RTC.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "\"main({:#x}, {:#x}, {:#x}, {:#x})\""
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid ""
"// Safe because `GICD_BASE_ADDRESS` and `GICR_BASE_ADDRESS` are the base\n"
"    // addresses of a GICv3 distributor and redistributor respectively, and\n"
"    // nothing else accesses those address ranges.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid ""
"// Safe because `PL031_BASE_ADDRESS` is the base address of a PL031 device,\n"
"    // and nothing else accesses that address range.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "\"RTC: {time}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "// Wait for 3 seconds, without interrupts.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "\"Waiting for {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "\"matched={}, interrupt_pending={}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "\"Finished waiting\""
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "// Wait another 3 seconds for an interrupt.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_pl031.rs_:"
msgstr "`pl031.rs` :"

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "/// Data register\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "/// Match register\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "/// Load register\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "/// Control register\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "/// Interrupt Mask Set or Clear register\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "/// Raw Interrupt Status\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "/// Masked Interrupt Status\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "/// Interrupt Clear Register\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "/// Driver for a PL031 real-time clock.\n"
msgstr ""
"Nous allons écrire un pilote pour le dispositif d'horloge en temps réel "
"PL031."

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid ""
"/// Constructs a new instance of the RTC driver for a PL031 device at the\n"
"    /// given base address.\n"
"    ///\n"
"    /// # Safety\n"
"    ///\n"
"    /// The given base address must point to the MMIO control registers of "
"a\n"
"    /// PL031 device, which must be mapped into the address space of the "
"process\n"
"    /// as device memory and not have any other aliases.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "/// Reads the current RTC value.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid ""
"// Safe because we know that self.registers points to the control\n"
"        // registers of a PL031 device which is appropriately mapped.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid ""
"/// Writes a match value. When the RTC value matches this then an interrupt\n"
"    /// will be generated (if it is enabled).\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid ""
"/// Returns whether the match register matches the RTC value, whether or "
"not\n"
"    /// the interrupt is enabled.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid ""
"/// Returns whether there is currently an interrupt pending.\n"
"    ///\n"
"    /// This should be true if and only if `matched` returns true and the\n"
"    /// interrupt is masked.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid ""
"/// Sets or clears the interrupt mask.\n"
"    ///\n"
"    /// When the mask is true the interrupt is enabled; when it is false "
"the\n"
"    /// interrupt is disabled.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "/// Clears a pending interrupt, if any.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Welcome to Concurrency in Rust"
msgstr "Bienvenue à Comprehensive Rust(le guide complet de Rust) 🦀"

#: src/concurrency.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Rust has full support for concurrency using OS threads with mutexes and "
"channels."
msgstr ""
"Rust prend entièrement en charge la concurrence en utilisant des threads de "
"système d'exploitation avec des mutex et canaux."

#: src/concurrency.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The Rust type system plays an important role in making many concurrency bugs "
"compile time bugs. This is often referred to as _fearless concurrency_ since "
"you can rely on the compiler to ensure correctness at runtime."
msgstr ""
"Le système de type Rust joue un rôle important dans la création de nombreux "
"bugs de concurrence bogues de temps de compilation. Ceci est souvent appelé "
"_concurrence sans peur_ puisque vous peut compter sur le compilateur pour "
"assurer l'exactitude au moment de l'exécution."

#: src/concurrency.md
msgid ""
"Rust lets us access OS concurrency toolkit: threads, sync. primitives, etc."
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency.md
msgid ""
"The type system gives us safety for concurrency without any special features."
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency.md
msgid ""
"The same tools that help with \"concurrent\" access in a single thread (e."
"g., a called function that might mutate an argument or save references to it "
"to read later) save us from multi-threading issues."
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/threads.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Rust threads work similarly to threads in other languages:"
msgstr ""
"Les threads Rust fonctionnent de la même manière que les threads dans "
"d'autres langages :"

#: src/concurrency/threads.md
msgid "\"Count in thread: {i}!\""
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/threads.md
msgid "\"Main thread: {i}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/threads.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Threads are all daemon threads, the main thread does not wait for them."
msgstr ""
"Les threads sont tous des threads démons, le thread principal ne les attend "
"pas."

#: src/concurrency/threads.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Thread panics are independent of each other."
msgstr "Les thread panics sont indépendants les uns des autres."

#: src/concurrency/threads.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Panics can carry a payload, which can be unpacked with `downcast_ref`."
msgstr ""
"Les paniques peuvent transporter une charge utile, qui peut être "
"décompressée avec `downcast_ref`."

#: src/concurrency/threads.md
msgid "Rust thread APIs look not too different from e.g. C++ ones."
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/threads.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Run the example."
msgstr "Exécutez l'exemple avec :"

#: src/concurrency/threads.md
msgid ""
"5ms timing is loose enough that main and spawned threads stay mostly in "
"lockstep."
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/threads.md
msgid "Notice that the program ends before the spawned thread reaches 10!"
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/threads.md
msgid ""
"This is because main ends the program and spawned threads do not make it "
"persist."
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/threads.md
msgid "Compare to pthreads/C++ std::thread/boost::thread if desired."
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/threads.md
msgid "How do we wait around for the spawned thread to complete?"
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/threads.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"[`thread::spawn`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/thread/fn.spawn.html) "
"returns a `JoinHandle`. Look at the docs."
msgstr ""
"[`Default`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/default/trait.Default.html) "
"utilisé pour construire une instance par défaut d'un type."

#: src/concurrency/threads.md
msgid ""
"`JoinHandle` has a [`.join()`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/thread/struct."
"JoinHandle.html#method.join) method that blocks."
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/threads.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Use `let handle = thread::spawn(...)` and later `handle.join()` to wait for "
"the thread to finish and have the program count all the way to 10."
msgstr ""
"Utilisez `let handle = thread::spawn(...)` et plus tard `handle.join()` pour "
"attendre le fil pour finir."

#: src/concurrency/threads.md
msgid "Now what if we want to return a value?"
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/threads.md
msgid "Look at docs again:"
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/threads.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"[`thread::spawn`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/thread/fn.spawn.html)'s "
"closure returns `T`"
msgstr ""
"Cependant, vous pouvez utiliser un [fil de discussion de portée](https://doc."
"rust-lang.org/std/thread/fn.scope.html) pour cela :"

#: src/concurrency/threads.md
msgid ""
"`JoinHandle` [`.join()`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/thread/struct."
"JoinHandle.html#method.join) returns `thread::Result<T>`"
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/threads.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Use the `Result` return value from `handle.join()` to get access to the "
"returned value."
msgstr ""
"Utilisez la valeur de retour `Result` de `handle.join()` pour accéder à la "
"panique charge utile. C'est le bon moment pour parler de \\[`Tous`\\]."

#: src/concurrency/threads.md
msgid "Ok, what about the other case?"
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/threads.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Trigger a panic in the thread. Note that this doesn't panic `main`."
msgstr ""
"Déclenchez une panique dans le fil, notez que cela n'affecte pas `main`."

#: src/concurrency/threads.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Access the panic payload. This is a good time to talk about [`Any`](https://"
"doc.rust-lang.org/std/any/index.html)."
msgstr ""
"Utilisez la valeur de retour `Result` de `handle.join()` pour accéder à la "
"panique charge utile. C'est le bon moment pour parler de \\[`Tous`\\]."

#: src/concurrency/threads.md
msgid "Now we can return values from threads! What about taking inputs?"
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/threads.md
msgid "Capture something by reference in the thread closure."
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/threads.md
msgid "An error message indicates we must move it."
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/threads.md
msgid "Move it in, see we can compute and then return a derived value."
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/threads.md
msgid "If we want to borrow?"
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/threads.md
msgid ""
"Main kills child threads when it returns, but another function would just "
"return and leave them running."
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/threads.md
msgid "That would be stack use-after-return, which violates memory safety!"
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/threads.md
msgid "How do we avoid this? see next slide."
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Normal threads cannot borrow from their environment:"
msgstr "Les threads normaux ne peuvent pas emprunter à leur environnement :"

#: src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"However, you can use a [scoped thread](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/thread/"
"fn.scope.html) for this:"
msgstr ""
"Cependant, vous pouvez utiliser un [fil de discussion de portée](https://doc."
"rust-lang.org/std/thread/fn.scope.html) pour cela :"

#: src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The reason for that is that when the `thread::scope` function completes, all "
"the threads are guaranteed to be joined, so they can return borrowed data."
msgstr ""
"La raison en est que lorsque la fonction `thread::scope` se termine, tous "
"les threads sont garantis d'être joints, afin qu'ils puissent renvoyer des "
"données empruntées."

#: src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Normal Rust borrowing rules apply: you can either borrow mutably by one "
"thread, or immutably by any number of threads."
msgstr ""
"Les règles d'emprunt normales de Rust s'appliquent : vous pouvez soit "
"emprunter de manière mutable par un thread, soit de manière immuable par "
"n'importe quel nombre de threads."

#: src/concurrency/channels.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Rust channels have two parts: a `Sender<T>` and a `Receiver<T>`. The two "
"parts are connected via the channel, but you only see the end-points."
msgstr ""
"Les canaux Rust ont deux parties : un `Sender<T>` et un `Receiver<T>`. Les "
"deux parties sont connectés via le canal, mais vous ne voyez que les "
"extrémités."

#: src/concurrency/channels.md
msgid "\"Received: {:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/channels.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`mpsc` stands for Multi-Producer, Single-Consumer. `Sender` and `SyncSender` "
"implement `Clone` (so you can make multiple producers) but `Receiver` does "
"not."
msgstr ""
"`mpsc` signifie Multi-Producer, Single-Consumer. `Sender` et `SyncSender` "
"implémentent `Clone` (donc vous pouvez créer plusieurs producteurs) mais "
"`Receiver` ne le fait pas."

#: src/concurrency/channels.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`send()` and `recv()` return `Result`. If they return `Err`, it means the "
"counterpart `Sender` or `Receiver` is dropped and the channel is closed."
msgstr ""
"`send()` et `recv()` renvoient `Result`. S'ils renvoient `Err`, cela "
"signifie que la contrepartie `Sender` ou `Receiver` est supprimé et le canal "
"est fermé."

#: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "You get an unbounded and asynchronous channel with `mpsc::channel()`:"
msgstr "Vous obtenez un canal illimité et asynchrone avec `mpsc::channel()` :"

#: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md
msgid "\"Message {i}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md
msgid "\"{thread_id:?}: sent Message {i}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md
msgid "\"{thread_id:?}: done\""
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md
msgid "\"Main: got {msg}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"With bounded (synchronous) channels, `send` can block the current thread:"
msgstr ""
"Les canaux bornés et synchrones font que \"send\" bloque le thread actuel :"

#: src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md
msgid ""
"Calling `send` will block the current thread until there is space in the "
"channel for the new message. The thread can be blocked indefinitely if there "
"is nobody who reads from the channel."
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md
msgid ""
"A call to `send` will abort with an error (that is why it returns `Result`) "
"if the channel is closed. A channel is closed when the receiver is dropped."
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md
msgid ""
"A bounded channel with a size of zero is called a \"rendezvous channel\". "
"Every send will block the current thread until another thread calls `recv`."
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/send-sync.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"How does Rust know to forbid shared access across threads? The answer is in "
"two traits:"
msgstr ""
"Comment Rust sait-il interdire l'accès partagé à travers le thread? La "
"réponse est en deux traits :"

#: src/concurrency/send-sync.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"[`Send`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Send.html): a type `T` "
"is `Send` if it is safe to move a `T` across a thread boundary."
msgstr ""
"[`Send`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Send.html) : un type `T` "
"est `Send` s'il est sûr de déplacer un `T` à travers un thread frontière."

#: src/concurrency/send-sync.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"[`Sync`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Sync.html): a type `T` "
"is `Sync` if it is safe to move a `&T` across a thread boundary."
msgstr ""
"[`Sync`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Sync.html) : un type `T` "
"est `Sync` s'il est sûr de déplacer un `&T` à travers un thread frontière."

#: src/concurrency/send-sync.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`Send` and `Sync` are [unsafe traits](../unsafe/unsafe-traits.md). The "
"compiler will automatically derive them for your types as long as they only "
"contain `Send` and `Sync` types. You can also implement them manually when "
"you know it is valid."
msgstr ""
"`Send` et `Sync` sont des \\[caractéristiques non sécurisées\\] [3](../"
"unsafe/unsafe-traits.md). Le compilateur les dérivera automatiquement pour "
"vos types tant qu'ils ne contiennent que les types `Send` et `Sync`. Vous "
"pouvez également les implémenter manuellement lorsque vous sachez qu'il est "
"valide."

#: src/concurrency/send-sync.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"One can think of these traits as markers that the type has certain thread-"
"safety properties."
msgstr ""
"On peut considérer ces traits comme des marqueurs indiquant que le type "
"possède certaines propriétés de sécurité des threads."

#: src/concurrency/send-sync.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "They can be used in the generic constraints as normal traits."
msgstr ""
"Ils peuvent être utilisés dans les contraintes génériques comme des traits "
"normaux."

#: src/concurrency/send-sync/send.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"A type `T` is [`Send`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Send.html) "
"if it is safe to move a `T` value to another thread."
msgstr ""
"Un type `T` est [`Send`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Send."
"html) s'il est sûr de déplacer une valeur `T` vers un autre thread."

#: src/concurrency/send-sync/send.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The effect of moving ownership to another thread is that _destructors_ will "
"run in that thread. So the question is when you can allocate a value in one "
"thread and deallocate it in another."
msgstr ""
"L'effet du déplacement de la propriété vers un autre thread est que "
"_destructors_ s'exécutera dans ce fil. La question est donc de savoir quand "
"vous pouvez allouer une valeur dans un thread et le désallouer dans un autre."

#: src/concurrency/send-sync/send.md
msgid ""
"As an example, a connection to the SQLite library must only be accessed from "
"a single thread."
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"A type `T` is [`Sync`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Sync.html) "
"if it is safe to access a `T` value from multiple threads at the same time."
msgstr ""
"Un type `T` est [`Sync`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Sync."
"html) s'il est sûr d'accéder à une valeur `T` à partir de plusieurs fils en "
"même temps."

#: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "More precisely, the definition is:"
msgstr "Plus précisément, la définition est :"

#: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`T` is `Sync` if and only if `&T` is `Send`"
msgstr "`T` est `Sync` si et seulement si `&T` est `Envoyer`"

#: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"This statement is essentially a shorthand way of saying that if a type is "
"thread-safe for shared use, it is also thread-safe to pass references of it "
"across threads."
msgstr ""
"Cette déclaration est essentiellement une manière abrégée de dire que si un "
"type est thread-safe pour une utilisation partagée, il est également thread-"
"safe pour en passer des références à travers les threads."

#: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"This is because if a type is Sync it means that it can be shared across "
"multiple threads without the risk of data races or other synchronization "
"issues, so it is safe to move it to another thread. A reference to the type "
"is also safe to move to another thread, because the data it references can "
"be accessed from any thread safely."
msgstr ""
"En effet, si un type est Sync, cela signifie qu'il peut être partagé sur "
"plusieurs threads sans risque de courses de données ou d'autres problèmes de "
"synchronisation, il est donc sûr de le déplacer vers un autre thread. Une "
"référence au type peut également être déplacée en toute sécurité vers un "
"autre thread, car les données auxquelles elle fait référence sont "
"accessibles à partir de n'importe quel thread en toute sécurité."

#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`Send + Sync`"
msgstr "`Envoyer + Synchroniser`"

#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Most types you come across are `Send + Sync`:"
msgstr "La plupart des types que vous rencontrez sont `Send + Sync` :"

#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
msgid "`i8`, `f32`, `bool`, `char`, `&str`, ..."
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
msgid "`(T1, T2)`, `[T; N]`, `&[T]`, `struct { x: T }`, ..."
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
msgid "`String`, `Option<T>`, `Vec<T>`, `Box<T>`, ..."
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
msgid "`Arc<T>`: Explicitly thread-safe via atomic reference count."
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
msgid "`Mutex<T>`: Explicitly thread-safe via internal locking."
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`mpsc::Sender<T>`: As of 1.72.0."
msgstr "`mpsc::Expéditeur<T>`"

#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
msgid "`AtomicBool`, `AtomicU8`, ...: Uses special atomic instructions."
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The generic types are typically `Send + Sync` when the type parameters are "
"`Send + Sync`."
msgstr ""
"Les types génériques sont généralement \"Send + Sync\" lorsque les "
"paramètres de type sont `Envoyer + Synchroniser`."

#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`Send + !Sync`"
msgstr "`Envoyer + !Sync`"

#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"These types can be moved to other threads, but they're not thread-safe. "
"Typically because of interior mutability:"
msgstr ""
"Ces types peuvent être déplacés vers d'autres threads, mais ils ne sont pas "
"thread-safe. Typiquement à cause de la mutabilité intérieure :"

#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`mpsc::Receiver<T>`"
msgstr "`mpsc::Récepteur<T>`"

#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`Cell<T>`"
msgstr "`Cellule<T>`"

#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`RefCell<T>`"
msgstr "`RefCell<T>`"

#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`!Send + Sync`"
msgstr "` !Envoyer + Synchroniser`"

#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"These types are thread-safe, but they cannot be moved to another thread:"
msgstr ""
"Ces types sont thread-safe, mais ils ne peuvent pas être déplacés vers un "
"autre thread :"

#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`MutexGuard<T: Sync>`: Uses OS level primitives which must be deallocated on "
"the thread which created them."
msgstr ""
"`MutexGuard<T>` : utilise des primitives au niveau du système d'exploitation "
"qui doivent être désallouées sur le fil qui les a créés."

#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`!Send + !Sync`"
msgstr "`!Envoyer + !Synchroniser`"

#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "These types are not thread-safe and cannot be moved to other threads:"
msgstr ""
"Ces types ne sont pas thread-safe et ne peuvent pas être déplacés vers "
"d'autres threads :"

#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`Rc<T>`: each `Rc<T>` has a reference to an `RcBox<T>`, which contains a non-"
"atomic reference count."
msgstr ""
"`Rc<T>` : chaque `Rc<T>` a une référence à un `RcBox<T>`, qui contient un "
"comptage de référence non atomique."

#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`*const T`, `*mut T`: Rust assumes raw pointers may have special concurrency "
"considerations."
msgstr ""
"`*const T`, `*mut T` : Rust suppose que les pointeurs bruts peuvent avoir "
"des considérations de concurrence."

#: src/concurrency/shared_state.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Rust uses the type system to enforce synchronization of shared data. This is "
"primarily done via two types:"
msgstr ""
"Rust utilise le système de type pour appliquer la synchronisation des "
"données partagées. C'est se fait principalement via deux types:"

#: src/concurrency/shared_state.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"[`Arc<T>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html), atomic "
"reference counted `T`: handles sharing between threads and takes care to "
"deallocate `T` when the last reference is dropped,"
msgstr ""
"[`Arc<T>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html), référence "
"atomique comptée `T` : gère le partage entre les threads et prend soin de "
"désallouer 'T' lorsque la dernière référence est supprimée,"

#: src/concurrency/shared_state.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"[`Mutex<T>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html): ensures "
"mutually exclusive access to the `T` value."
msgstr ""
"[`Mutex<T>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html) : "
"garantit un accès mutuellement exclusif à la valeur `T`."

#: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"[`Arc<T>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html) allows shared "
"read-only access via `Arc::clone`:"
msgstr ""
"[`Arc<T>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html) permet un "
"accès partagé en lecture seule via sa méthode `clone` :"

#: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md
msgid "\"{thread_id:?}: {v:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md
msgid "\"v: {v:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`Arc` stands for \"Atomic Reference Counted\", a thread safe version of `Rc` "
"that uses atomic operations."
msgstr ""
"`Arc` signifie \"Atomic Reference Counted\", une version thread-safe de `Rc` "
"qui utilise opérations."

#: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`Arc<T>` implements `Clone` whether or not `T` does. It implements `Send` "
"and `Sync` if and only if `T` implements them both."
msgstr ""
"`Arc<T>` implémente `Clone` que `T` le fasse ou non. Il implémente `Send` et "
"`Sync` ssi `T` les met en œuvre tous les deux."

#: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`Arc::clone()` has the cost of atomic operations that get executed, but "
"after that the use of the `T` is free."
msgstr ""
"`Arc::clone()` a le coût des opérations atomiques qui sont exécutées, mais "
"après cela, l'utilisation du 'T' est libre."

#: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Beware of reference cycles, `Arc` does not use a garbage collector to detect "
"them."
msgstr ""
"Méfiez-vous des cycles de référence, `Arc` n'utilise pas de ramasse-miettes "
"pour les détecter."

#: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "`std::sync::Weak` can help."
msgstr "`std::sync::Weak` peut aider."

#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"[`Mutex<T>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html) ensures "
"mutual exclusion _and_ allows mutable access to `T` behind a read-only "
"interface (another form of [interior mutability](../../borrowing/interior-"
"mutability)):"
msgstr ""
"[`Mutex<T>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html) garantit "
"l'exclusion mutuelle _et_ permet un accès mutable à `T` derrière une "
"interface en lecture seule :"

#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md
msgid "\"v: {:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Notice how we have a [`impl<T: Send> Sync for Mutex<T>`](https://doc.rust-"
"lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html#impl-Sync-for-Mutex%3CT%3E) blanket "
"implementation."
msgstr ""
"Remarquez comment nous avons une couverture [`impl<T : Send> Sync for "
"Mutex<T>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html#impl-Sync-"
"for-Mutex%3CT%3E) mise en œuvre."

#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`Mutex` in Rust looks like a collection with just one element --- the "
"protected data."
msgstr ""
"`Mutex` dans Rust ressemble à une collection avec un seul élément - les "
"données protégées."

#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"It is not possible to forget to acquire the mutex before accessing the "
"protected data."
msgstr ""
"Il n'est pas possible d'oublier d'acquérir le mutex avant d'accéder aux "
"données protégées."

#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"You can get an `&mut T` from an `&Mutex<T>` by taking the lock. The "
"`MutexGuard` ensures that the `&mut T` doesn't outlive the lock being held."
msgstr ""
"Vous pouvez obtenir un `&mut T` à partir d'un `&Mutex<T>` en prenant le "
"verrou. Le `MutexGuard` garantit que le `&mut T` ne survit pas au "
"verrouillage en cours."

#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`Mutex<T>` implements both `Send` and `Sync` iff (if and only if) `T` "
"implements `Send`."
msgstr ""
"`Mutex<T>` implémente à la fois `Send` et `Sync` ssi `T` implémente `Send`."

#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "A read-write lock counterpart: `RwLock`."
msgstr "Un homologue de verrouillage en lecture-écriture - `RwLock`."

#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Why does `lock()` return a `Result`?"
msgstr "Pourquoi `lock()` renvoie-t-il un `Result` ?"

#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"If the thread that held the `Mutex` panicked, the `Mutex` becomes "
"\"poisoned\" to signal that the data it protected might be in an "
"inconsistent state. Calling `lock()` on a poisoned mutex fails with a "
"[`PoisonError`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.PoisonError.html). "
"You can call `into_inner()` on the error to recover the data regardless."
msgstr ""
"Si le thread qui contenait le `Mutex` a paniqué, le `Mutex` devient "
"\"empoisonné\" pour signaler que les données qu'il protège peuvent être dans "
"un état incohérent. Appel de `lock()` sur un mutex empoisonné échoue avec "
"une [`PoisonError`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.PoisonError."
"html). Vous pouvez appeler `into_inner()` sur l'erreur pour récupérer les "
"données indépendamment de."

#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Let us see `Arc` and `Mutex` in action:"
msgstr "Voyons `Arc` et `Mutex` en action :"

#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md
msgid "// use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Possible solution:"
msgstr "Solution possible:"

#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Notable parts:"
msgstr "Parties notables :"

#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`v` is wrapped in both `Arc` and `Mutex`, because their concerns are "
"orthogonal."
msgstr ""
"`v` est enveloppé à la fois dans `Arc` et `Mutex`, car leurs préoccupations "
"sont orthogonales."

#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Wrapping a `Mutex` in an `Arc` is a common pattern to share mutable state "
"between threads."
msgstr ""
"Envelopper un `Mutex` dans un `Arc` est un modèle courant pour partager un "
"état mutable entre les threads."

#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"`v: Arc<_>` needs to be cloned as `v2` before it can be moved into another "
"thread. Note `move` was added to the lambda signature."
msgstr ""
"`v: Arc<_>` doit être cloné en tant que `v2` avant de pouvoir être déplacé "
"dans un autre thread. Remarque \"move\" a été ajouté à la signature lambda."

#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Blocks are introduced to narrow the scope of the `LockGuard` as much as "
"possible."
msgstr ""
"Des blocs sont introduits pour réduire autant que possible la portée du "
"\"LockGuard\"."

#: src/exercises/concurrency/morning.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Let us practice our new concurrency skills with"
msgstr ""
"Mettons en pratique nos nouvelles compétences en matière de concurrence avec"

#: src/exercises/concurrency/morning.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Dining philosophers: a classic problem in concurrency."
msgstr "Dîner des philosophes : un problème classique de la concurrence."

#: src/exercises/concurrency/morning.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Multi-threaded link checker: a larger project where you'll use Cargo to "
"download dependencies and then check links in parallel."
msgstr ""
"Vérificateur de liens multithread : un projet plus vaste dans lequel vous "
"utiliserez Cargo pour télécharger les dépendances puis vérifier les liens en "
"parallèle."

#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "The dining philosophers problem is a classic problem in concurrency:"
msgstr ""
"Le problème du dîner des philosophes est un problème classique en "
"concurrence :"

#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Five philosophers dine together at the same table. Each philosopher has "
"their own place at the table. There is a fork between each plate. The dish "
"served is a kind of spaghetti which has to be eaten with two forks. Each "
"philosopher can only alternately think and eat. Moreover, a philosopher can "
"only eat their spaghetti when they have both a left and right fork. Thus two "
"forks will only be available when their two nearest neighbors are thinking, "
"not eating. After an individual philosopher finishes eating, they will put "
"down both forks."
msgstr ""
"Cinq philosophes dînent ensemble à la même table. Chaque philosophe a son "
"propre place à table. Il y a une fourchette entre chaque assiette. Le plat "
"servi est une sorte de spaghetti qui se mange avec deux fourchettes. Chaque "
"philosophe peut seulement penser et manger alternativement. De plus, un "
"philosophe ne peut que manger leur des spaghettis lorsqu'ils ont à la fois "
"une fourchette gauche et droite. Ainsi deux fourches ne feront que être "
"disponible lorsque ses deux voisins les plus proches pensent, ne mangent "
"pas. Après un philosophe individuel finit de manger, ils poseront les deux "
"fourchettes."

#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"You will need a local [Cargo installation](../../cargo/running-locally.md) "
"for this exercise. Copy the code below to a file called `src/main.rs`, fill "
"out the blanks, and test that `cargo run` does not deadlock:"
msgstr ""
"Vous aurez besoin d'une [installation Cargo](../../cargo/running-locally.md) "
"locale pour cet exercice. Copiez le code ci-dessous dans un fichier appelé "
"`src/main.rs`, remplissez le vides, et testez que `cargo run` ne se bloque "
"pas :"

#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
msgid ""
"// left_fork: ...\n"
"    // right_fork: ...\n"
"    // thoughts: ...\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "\"Eureka! {} has a new idea!\""
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "// Pick up forks...\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "\"{} is eating...\""
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "\"Socrates\""
msgstr "caisses HAL"

#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "\"Hypatia\""
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "\"Plato\""
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "\"Aristotle\""
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "\"Pythagoras\""
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "// Create forks\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "// Create philosophers\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
msgid "// Make each of them think and eat 100 times\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "// Output their thoughts\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "You can use the following `Cargo.toml`:"
msgstr "Vous pouvez utiliser le fichier `Cargo.toml` suivant :"

#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
msgid ""
"```toml\n"
"[package]\n"
"name = \"dining-philosophers\"\n"
"version = \"0.1.0\"\n"
"edition = \"2021\"\n"
"```"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Let us use our new knowledge to create a multi-threaded link checker. It "
"should start at a webpage and check that links on the page are valid. It "
"should recursively check other pages on the same domain and keep doing this "
"until all pages have been validated."
msgstr ""
"Utilisons nos nouvelles connaissances pour créer un vérificateur de liens "
"multi-thread. Cela devrait commencez par une page Web et vérifiez que les "
"liens sur la page sont valides. Cela devrait vérifier récursivement d'autres "
"pages sur le même domaine et continuer à le faire jusqu'à ce que tous les "
"pages ont été validées."

#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
msgid ""
"For this, you will need an HTTP client such as [`reqwest`](https://docs.rs/"
"reqwest/). You will also need a way to find links, we can use [`scraper`]"
"(https://docs.rs/scraper/). Finally, we'll need some way of handling errors, "
"we will use [`thiserror`](https://docs.rs/thiserror/)."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Create a new Cargo project and `reqwest` it as a dependency with:"
msgstr ""
"Pour cela, vous aurez besoin d'un client HTTP tel que [`reqwest`](https://"
"docs.rs/reqwest/). Créer un nouveau Projet Cargo et `reqwest` comme "
"dépendance avec :"

#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"If `cargo add` fails with `error: no such subcommand`, then please edit the "
"`Cargo.toml` file by hand. Add the dependencies listed below."
msgstr ""
"Si `cargo add` échoue avec `error: no such subcommand`, veuillez modifier le "
"Fichier `Cargo.toml` à la main. Ajoutez les dépendances répertoriées ci-"
"dessous."

#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The `cargo add` calls will update the `Cargo.toml` file to look like this:"
msgstr ""
"Les appels `cargo add` mettront à jour le fichier `Cargo.toml` pour qu'il "
"ressemble à ceci :"

#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
msgid ""
"```toml\n"
"[package]\n"
"name = \"link-checker\"\n"
"version = \"0.1.0\"\n"
"edition = \"2021\"\n"
"publish = false\n"
"\n"
"[dependencies]\n"
"reqwest = { version = \"0.11.12\", features = [\"blocking\", \"rustls-"
"tls\"] }\n"
"scraper = \"0.13.0\"\n"
"thiserror = \"1.0.37\"\n"
"```"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"You can now download the start page. Try with a small site such as `https://"
"www.google.org/`."
msgstr ""
"Vous pouvez maintenant télécharger la page de démarrage. Essayez avec un "
"petit site comme `https://www.google.org/`."

#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Your `src/main.rs` file should look something like this:"
msgstr "Votre fichier `src/main.rs` devrait ressembler à ceci :"

#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
msgid "\"request error: {0}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
msgid "\"bad http response: {0}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
msgid "\"Checking {:#}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
msgid "\"href\""
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
msgid "\"On {base_url:#}: ignored unparsable {href:?}: {err}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
msgid "\"https://www.google.org\""
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
msgid "\"Links: {links:#?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
msgid "\"Could not extract links: {err:#}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Run the code in `src/main.rs` with"
msgstr "Exécutez le code dans `src/main.rs` avec"

#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Use threads to check the links in parallel: send the URLs to be checked to a "
"channel and let a few threads check the URLs in parallel."
msgstr ""
"Utilisez des threads pour vérifier les liens en parallèle : envoyez les URL "
"à vérifier à un channel et laissez quelques threads vérifier les URL en "
"parallèle."

#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Extend this to recursively extract links from all pages on the `www.google."
"org` domain. Put an upper limit of 100 pages or so so that you don't end up "
"being blocked by the site."
msgstr ""
"Étendez ceci pour extraire de manière récursive les liens de toutes les "
"pages du domaine \"www.google.org\". Fixez une limite supérieure de 100 "
"pages environ afin que vous ne finissez pas par être bloqué par le site."

#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Concurrency Morning Exercise"
msgstr "Jour 3 Exercice du matin"

#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "([back to exercise](dining-philosophers.md))"
msgstr "([retour à l'exercice](dining-philosophers.md))"

#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
msgid "\"{} is trying to eat\""
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
msgid ""
"// To avoid a deadlock, we have to break the symmetry\n"
"        // somewhere. This will swap the forks without deinitializing\n"
"        // either of them.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
msgid "\"{thought}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Link Checker"
msgstr "Vérificateur de liens à plusieurs threads"

#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "([back to exercise](link-checker.md))"
msgstr "([retour à l'exercice](luhn.md))"

#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
msgid ""
"/// Determine whether links within the given page should be extracted.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
msgid ""
"/// Mark the given page as visited, returning false if it had already\n"
"    /// been visited.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
msgid "// The sender got dropped. No more commands coming in.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
msgid "\"Got crawling error: {:#}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
msgid "\"Bad URLs: {:#?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/async.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Async Rust"
msgstr "Pourquoi Rust ?"

#: src/async.md
msgid ""
"\"Async\" is a concurrency model where multiple tasks are executed "
"concurrently by executing each task until it would block, then switching to "
"another task that is ready to make progress. The model allows running a "
"larger number of tasks on a limited number of threads. This is because the "
"per-task overhead is typically very low and operating systems provide "
"primitives for efficiently identifying I/O that is able to proceed."
msgstr ""

#: src/async.md
msgid ""
"Rust's asynchronous operation is based on \"futures\", which represent work "
"that may be completed in the future. Futures are \"polled\" until they "
"signal that they are complete."
msgstr ""

#: src/async.md
msgid ""
"Futures are polled by an async runtime, and several different runtimes are "
"available."
msgstr ""

#: src/async.md
msgid ""
"Python has a similar model in its `asyncio`. However, its `Future` type is "
"callback-based, and not polled. Async Python programs require a \"loop\", "
"similar to a runtime in Rust."
msgstr ""

#: src/async.md
msgid ""
"JavaScript's `Promise` is similar, but again callback-based. The language "
"runtime implements the event loop, so many of the details of Promise "
"resolution are hidden."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/async-await.md
msgid ""
"At a high level, async Rust code looks very much like \"normal\" sequential "
"code:"
msgstr ""

#: src/async/async-await.md
msgid "\"Count is: {i}!\""
msgstr ""

#: src/async/async-await.md
msgid ""
"Note that this is a simplified example to show the syntax. There is no long "
"running operation or any real concurrency in it!"
msgstr ""

#: src/async/async-await.md
msgid "What is the return type of an async call?"
msgstr ""

#: src/async/async-await.md
msgid "Use `let future: () = async_main(10);` in `main` to see the type."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/async-await.md
msgid ""
"The \"async\" keyword is syntactic sugar. The compiler replaces the return "
"type with a future."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/async-await.md
msgid ""
"You cannot make `main` async, without additional instructions to the "
"compiler on how to use the returned future."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/async-await.md
msgid ""
"You need an executor to run async code. `block_on` blocks the current thread "
"until the provided future has run to completion."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/async-await.md
msgid ""
"`.await` asynchronously waits for the completion of another operation. "
"Unlike `block_on`, `.await` doesn't block the current thread."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/async-await.md
msgid ""
"`.await` can only be used inside an `async` function (or block; these are "
"introduced later)."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/futures.md
msgid ""
"[`Future`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/future/trait.Future.html) is a "
"trait, implemented by objects that represent an operation that may not be "
"complete yet. A future can be polled, and `poll` returns a [`Poll`](https://"
"doc.rust-lang.org/std/task/enum.Poll.html)."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/futures.md
msgid ""
"An async function returns an `impl Future`. It's also possible (but "
"uncommon) to implement `Future` for your own types. For example, the "
"`JoinHandle` returned from `tokio::spawn` implements `Future` to allow "
"joining to it."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/futures.md
msgid ""
"The `.await` keyword, applied to a Future, causes the current async function "
"to pause until that Future is ready, and then evaluates to its output."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/futures.md
msgid ""
"The `Future` and `Poll` types are implemented exactly as shown; click the "
"links to show the implementations in the docs."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/futures.md
msgid ""
"We will not get to `Pin` and `Context`, as we will focus on writing async "
"code, rather than building new async primitives. Briefly:"
msgstr ""

#: src/async/futures.md
msgid ""
"`Context` allows a Future to schedule itself to be polled again when an "
"event occurs."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/futures.md
msgid ""
"`Pin` ensures that the Future isn't moved in memory, so that pointers into "
"that future remain valid. This is required to allow references to remain "
"valid after an `.await`."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/runtimes.md
msgid ""
"A _runtime_ provides support for performing operations asynchronously (a "
"_reactor_) and is responsible for executing futures (an _executor_). Rust "
"does not have a \"built-in\" runtime, but several options are available:"
msgstr ""

#: src/async/runtimes.md
msgid ""
"[Tokio](https://tokio.rs/): performant, with a well-developed ecosystem of "
"functionality like [Hyper](https://hyper.rs/) for HTTP or [Tonic](https://"
"github.com/hyperium/tonic) for gRPC."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/runtimes.md
msgid ""
"[async-std](https://async.rs/): aims to be a \"std for async\", and includes "
"a basic runtime in `async::task`."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/runtimes.md
msgid "[smol](https://docs.rs/smol/latest/smol/): simple and lightweight"
msgstr ""

#: src/async/runtimes.md
msgid ""
"Several larger applications have their own runtimes. For example, [Fuchsia]"
"(https://fuchsia.googlesource.com/fuchsia/+/refs/heads/main/src/lib/fuchsia-"
"async/src/lib.rs) already has one."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/runtimes.md
msgid ""
"Note that of the listed runtimes, only Tokio is supported in the Rust "
"playground. The playground also does not permit any I/O, so most interesting "
"async things can't run in the playground."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/runtimes.md
msgid ""
"Futures are \"inert\" in that they do not do anything (not even start an I/O "
"operation) unless there is an executor polling them. This differs from JS "
"Promises, for example, which will run to completion even if they are never "
"used."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md
msgid "Tokio provides:"
msgstr ""

#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md
msgid "A multi-threaded runtime for executing asynchronous code."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md
msgid "An asynchronous version of the standard library."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md
msgid "A large ecosystem of libraries."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md
msgid "\"Count in task: {i}!\""
msgstr ""

#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md
msgid "\"Main task: {i}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md
msgid "With the `tokio::main` macro we can now make `main` async."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md
msgid "The `spawn` function creates a new, concurrent \"task\"."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md
msgid "Note: `spawn` takes a `Future`, you don't call `.await` on `count_to`."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md
msgid "**Further exploration:**"
msgstr ""

#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md
msgid ""
"Why does `count_to` not (usually) get to 10? This is an example of async "
"cancellation. `tokio::spawn` returns a handle which can be awaited to wait "
"until it finishes."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md
msgid "Try `count_to(10).await` instead of spawning."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md
msgid "Try awaiting the task returned from `tokio::spawn`."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/tasks.md
msgid "Rust has a task system, which is a form of lightweight threading."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/tasks.md
msgid ""
"A task has a single top-level future which the executor polls to make "
"progress. That future may have one or more nested futures that its `poll` "
"method polls, corresponding loosely to a call stack. Concurrency within a "
"task is possible by polling multiple child futures, such as racing a timer "
"and an I/O operation."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/tasks.md
msgid "\"127.0.0.1:0\""
msgstr ""

#: src/async/tasks.md
msgid "\"listening on port {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/async/tasks.md
msgid "\"connection from {addr:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/async/tasks.md
msgid "b\"Who are you?\\n\""
msgstr ""

#: src/async/tasks.md
msgid "\"socket error\""
msgstr ""

#: src/async/tasks.md
msgid "\"Thanks for dialing in, {name}!\\n\""
msgstr ""

#: src/async/tasks.md src/async/control-flow/join.md
msgid ""
"Copy this example into your prepared `src/main.rs` and run it from there."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/tasks.md
msgid ""
"Try connecting to it with a TCP connection tool like [nc](https://www.unix."
"com/man-page/linux/1/nc/) or [telnet](https://www.unix.com/man-page/linux/1/"
"telnet/)."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/tasks.md
msgid ""
"Ask students to visualize what the state of the example server would be with "
"a few connected clients. What tasks exist? What are their Futures?"
msgstr ""

#: src/async/tasks.md
msgid ""
"This is the first time we've seen an `async` block. This is similar to a "
"closure, but does not take any arguments. Its return value is a Future, "
"similar to an `async fn`."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/tasks.md
msgid ""
"Refactor the async block into a function, and improve the error handling "
"using `?`."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/channels.md
msgid ""
"Several crates have support for asynchronous channels. For instance `tokio`:"
msgstr ""

#: src/async/channels.md
msgid "\"Received {count} pings so far.\""
msgstr ""

#: src/async/channels.md
msgid "\"ping_handler complete\""
msgstr ""

#: src/async/channels.md
msgid "\"Failed to send ping.\""
msgstr ""

#: src/async/channels.md
msgid "\"Sent {} pings so far.\""
msgstr ""

#: src/async/channels.md
msgid "\"Something went wrong in ping handler task.\""
msgstr ""

#: src/async/channels.md
msgid "Change the channel size to `3` and see how it affects the execution."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/channels.md
msgid ""
"Overall, the interface is similar to the `sync` channels as seen in the "
"[morning class](concurrency/channels.md)."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/channels.md
msgid "Try removing the `std::mem::drop` call. What happens? Why?"
msgstr ""

#: src/async/channels.md
msgid ""
"The [Flume](https://docs.rs/flume/latest/flume/) crate has channels that "
"implement both `sync` and `async` `send` and `recv`. This can be convenient "
"for complex applications with both IO and heavy CPU processing tasks."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/channels.md
msgid ""
"What makes working with `async` channels preferable is the ability to "
"combine them with other `future`s to combine them and create complex control "
"flow."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/control-flow.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Futures Control Flow"
msgstr "Flux de contrôle"

#: src/async/control-flow.md
msgid ""
"Futures can be combined together to produce concurrent compute flow graphs. "
"We have already seen tasks, that function as independent threads of "
"execution."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/control-flow.md
msgid "[Join](control-flow/join.md)"
msgstr ""

#: src/async/control-flow.md
msgid "[Select](control-flow/select.md)"
msgstr ""

#: src/async/control-flow/join.md
msgid ""
"A join operation waits until all of a set of futures are ready, and returns "
"a collection of their results. This is similar to `Promise.all` in "
"JavaScript or `asyncio.gather` in Python."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/control-flow/join.md
msgid "\"https://google.com\""
msgstr ""

#: src/async/control-flow/join.md
msgid "\"https://httpbin.org/ip\""
msgstr ""

#: src/async/control-flow/join.md
msgid "\"https://play.rust-lang.org/\""
msgstr ""

#: src/async/control-flow/join.md
msgid "\"BAD_URL\""
msgstr ""

#: src/async/control-flow/join.md
msgid ""
"For multiple futures of disjoint types, you can use `std::future::join!` but "
"you must know how many futures you will have at compile time. This is "
"currently in the `futures` crate, soon to be stabilised in `std::future`."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/control-flow/join.md
msgid ""
"The risk of `join` is that one of the futures may never resolve, this would "
"cause your program to stall."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/control-flow/join.md
msgid ""
"You can also combine `join_all` with `join!` for instance to join all "
"requests to an http service as well as a database query. Try adding a "
"`tokio::time::sleep` to the future, using `futures::join!`. This is not a "
"timeout (that requires `select!`, explained in the next chapter), but "
"demonstrates `join!`."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/control-flow/select.md
msgid ""
"A select operation waits until any of a set of futures is ready, and "
"responds to that future's result. In JavaScript, this is similar to `Promise."
"race`. In Python, it compares to `asyncio.wait(task_set, return_when=asyncio."
"FIRST_COMPLETED)`."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/control-flow/select.md
msgid ""
"Similar to a match statement, the body of `select!` has a number of arms, "
"each of the form `pattern = future => statement`. When a `future` is ready, "
"its return value is destructured by the `pattern`. The `statement` is then "
"run with the resulting variables. The `statement` result becomes the result "
"of the `select!` macro."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/control-flow/select.md
msgid "\"Felix\""
msgstr ""

#: src/async/control-flow/select.md
msgid "\"Failed to send cat.\""
msgstr ""

#: src/async/control-flow/select.md
msgid "\"Failed to send dog.\""
msgstr ""

#: src/async/control-flow/select.md
msgid "\"Failed to receive winner\""
msgstr ""

#: src/async/control-flow/select.md
msgid "\"Winner is {winner:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/async/control-flow/select.md
msgid ""
"In this example, we have a race between a cat and a dog. "
"`first_animal_to_finish_race` listens to both channels and will pick "
"whichever arrives first. Since the dog takes 50ms, it wins against the cat "
"that take 500ms."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/control-flow/select.md
msgid ""
"You can use `oneshot` channels in this example as the channels are supposed "
"to receive only one `send`."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/control-flow/select.md
msgid ""
"Try adding a deadline to the race, demonstrating selecting different sorts "
"of futures."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/control-flow/select.md
msgid ""
"Note that `select!` drops unmatched branches, which cancels their futures. "
"It is easiest to use when every execution of `select!` creates new futures."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/control-flow/select.md
msgid ""
"An alternative is to pass `&mut future` instead of the future itself, but "
"this can lead to issues, further discussed in the pinning slide."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls.md
msgid "Pitfalls of async/await"
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls.md
msgid ""
"Async / await provides convenient and efficient abstraction for concurrent "
"asynchronous programming. However, the async/await model in Rust also comes "
"with its share of pitfalls and footguns. We illustrate some of them in this "
"chapter:"
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls.md
msgid "[Blocking the Executor](pitfalls/blocking-executor.md)"
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls.md
msgid "[Pin](pitfalls/pin.md)"
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls.md
msgid "[Async Traits](pitfalls/async-traits.md)"
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls.md
msgid "[Cancellation](pitfalls/cancellation.md)"
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md
msgid "Blocking the executor"
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md
msgid ""
"Most async runtimes only allow IO tasks to run concurrently. This means that "
"CPU blocking tasks will block the executor and prevent other tasks from "
"being executed. An easy workaround is to use async equivalent methods where "
"possible."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md
msgid "\"future {id} slept for {duration_ms}ms, finished after {}ms\""
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md
msgid "\"current_thread\""
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md
msgid ""
"Run the code and see that the sleeps happen consecutively rather than "
"concurrently."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md
msgid ""
"The `\"current_thread\"` flavor puts all tasks on a single thread. This "
"makes the effect more obvious, but the bug is still present in the multi-"
"threaded flavor."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md
msgid ""
"Switch the `std::thread::sleep` to `tokio::time::sleep` and await its result."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md
msgid ""
"Another fix would be to `tokio::task::spawn_blocking` which spawns an actual "
"thread and transforms its handle into a future without blocking the executor."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md
msgid ""
"You should not think of tasks as OS threads. They do not map 1 to 1 and most "
"executors will allow many tasks to run on a single OS thread. This is "
"particularly problematic when interacting with other libraries via FFI, "
"where that library might depend on thread-local storage or map to specific "
"OS threads (e.g., CUDA). Prefer `tokio::task::spawn_blocking` in such "
"situations."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md
msgid ""
"Use sync mutexes with care. Holding a mutex over an `.await` may cause "
"another task to block, and that task may be running on the same thread."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
msgid ""
"Async blocks and functions return types implementing the `Future` trait. The "
"type returned is the result of a compiler transformation which turns local "
"variables into data stored inside the future."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
msgid ""
"Some of those variables can hold pointers to other local variables. Because "
"of that, the future should never be moved to a different memory location, as "
"it would invalidate those pointers."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
msgid ""
"To prevent moving the future type in memory, it can only be polled through a "
"pinned pointer. `Pin` is a wrapper around a reference that disallows all "
"operations that would move the instance it points to into a different memory "
"location."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
msgid ""
"// A work item. In this case, just sleep for the given time and respond\n"
"// with a message on the `respond_on` channel.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
msgid "// A worker which listens for work on a queue and performs it.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
msgid "// Pretend to work.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
msgid "\"failed to send response\""
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
msgid "// TODO: report number of iterations every 100ms\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
msgid "// A requester which requests work and waits for it to complete.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
msgid "\"failed to send on work queue\""
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
msgid "\"failed waiting for response\""
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
msgid "\"work result for iteration {i}: {resp}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
msgid ""
"You may recognize this as an example of the actor pattern. Actors typically "
"call `select!` in a loop."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
msgid ""
"This serves as a summation of a few of the previous lessons, so take your "
"time with it."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
msgid ""
"Naively add a `_ = sleep(Duration::from_millis(100)) => { println!(..) }` to "
"the `select!`. This will never execute. Why?"
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
msgid ""
"Instead, add a `timeout_fut` containing that future outside of the `loop`:"
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
msgid ""
"This still doesn't work. Follow the compiler errors, adding `&mut` to the "
"`timeout_fut` in the `select!` to work around the move, then using `Box::"
"pin`:"
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
msgid ""
"This compiles, but once the timeout expires it is `Poll::Ready` on every "
"iteration (a fused future would help with this). Update to reset "
"`timeout_fut` every time it expires."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
msgid ""
"Box allocates on the heap. In some cases, `std::pin::pin!` (only recently "
"stabilized, with older code often using `tokio::pin!`) is also an option, "
"but that is difficult to use for a future that is reassigned."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
msgid ""
"Another alternative is to not use `pin` at all but spawn another task that "
"will send to a `oneshot` channel every 100ms."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
msgid ""
"Data that contains pointers to itself is called self-referential. Normally, "
"the Rust borrow checker would prevent self-referential data from being "
"moved, as the references cannot outlive the data they point to. However, the "
"code transformation for async blocks and functions is not verified by the "
"borrow checker."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
msgid ""
"`Pin` is a wrapper around a reference. An object cannot be moved from its "
"place using a pinned pointer. However, it can still be moved through an "
"unpinned pointer."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
msgid ""
"The `poll` method of the `Future` trait uses `Pin<&mut Self>` instead of "
"`&mut Self` to refer to the instance. That's why it can only be called on a "
"pinned pointer."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md
msgid ""
"Async methods in traits are were stabilized only recently, in the 1.75 "
"release. This required support for using return-position `impl Trait` (RPIT) "
"in traits, as the desugaring for `async fn` includes `-> impl Future<Output "
"= ...>`."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md
msgid ""
"However, even with the native support today there are some pitfalls around "
"`async fn` and RPIT in traits:"
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md
msgid ""
"Return-position impl Trait captures all in-scope lifetimes (so some patterns "
"of borrowing cannot be expressed)"
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md
msgid ""
"Traits whose methods use return-position `impl trait` or `async` are not "
"`dyn` compatible."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md
msgid ""
"If we do need `dyn` support, the crate [async_trait](https://docs.rs/async-"
"trait/latest/async_trait/) provides a workaround through a macro, with some "
"caveats:"
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md
msgid "\"running all sleepers..\""
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md
msgid "\"slept for {}ms\""
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md
msgid ""
"`async_trait` is easy to use, but note that it's using heap allocations to "
"achieve this. This heap allocation has performance overhead."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md
msgid ""
"The challenges in language support for `async trait` are deep Rust and "
"probably not worth describing in-depth. Niko Matsakis did a good job of "
"explaining them in [this post](https://smallcultfollowing.com/babysteps/"
"blog/2019/10/26/async-fn-in-traits-are-hard/) if you are interested in "
"digging deeper."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md
msgid ""
"Try creating a new sleeper struct that will sleep for a random amount of "
"time and adding it to the Vec."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md
msgid ""
"Dropping a future implies it can never be polled again. This is called "
"_cancellation_ and it can occur at any `await` point. Care is needed to "
"ensure the system works correctly even when futures are cancelled. For "
"example, it shouldn't deadlock or lose data."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md
msgid "\"not UTF-8\""
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md
msgid "\"hi\\nthere\\n\""
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md
msgid "\"tick!\""
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md
msgid ""
"The compiler doesn't help with cancellation-safety. You need to read API "
"documentation and consider what state your `async fn` holds."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md
msgid ""
"Unlike `panic` and `?`, cancellation is part of normal control flow (vs "
"error-handling)."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md
msgid "The example loses parts of the string."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md
msgid ""
"Whenever the `tick()` branch finishes first, `next()` and its `buf` are "
"dropped."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md
msgid ""
"`LinesReader` can be made cancellation-safe by making `buf` part of the "
"struct:"
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md
msgid "// prefix buf and bytes with self.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md
msgid ""
"[`Interval::tick`](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/time/struct.Interval."
"html#method.tick) is cancellation-safe because it keeps track of whether a "
"tick has been 'delivered'."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md
msgid ""
"[`AsyncReadExt::read`](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/io/trait."
"AsyncReadExt.html#method.read) is cancellation-safe because it either "
"returns or doesn't read data."
msgstr ""

#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md
msgid ""
"[`AsyncBufReadExt::read_line`](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/io/trait."
"AsyncBufReadExt.html#method.read_line) is similar to the example and _isn't_ "
"cancellation-safe. See its documentation for details and alternatives."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/afternoon.md
msgid ""
"To practice your Async Rust skills, we have again two exercises for you:"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/afternoon.md
msgid ""
"Dining philosophers: we already saw this problem in the morning. This time "
"you are going to implement it with Async Rust."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/afternoon.md
msgid ""
"A Broadcast Chat Application: this is a larger project that allows you "
"experiment with more advanced Async Rust features."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Dining Philosophers --- Async"
msgstr "Dîner des philosophes - Asynchrone"

#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
msgid ""
"See [dining philosophers](dining-philosophers.md) for a description of the "
"problem."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"As before, you will need a local [Cargo installation](../../cargo/running-"
"locally.md) for this exercise. Copy the code below to a file called `src/"
"main.rs`, fill out the blanks, and test that `cargo run` does not deadlock:"
msgstr ""
"Vous aurez besoin d'une [installation Cargo](../../cargo/running-locally.md) "
"locale pour cet exercice. Copiez le code ci-dessous dans un fichier appelé "
"`src/main.rs`, remplissez le vides, et testez que `cargo run` ne se bloque "
"pas :"

#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "// Keep trying until we have both forks\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "// Make them think and eat\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
msgid ""
"Since this time you are using Async Rust, you'll need a `tokio` dependency. "
"You can use the following `Cargo.toml`:"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
msgid ""
"```toml\n"
"[package]\n"
"name = \"dining-philosophers-async-dine\"\n"
"version = \"0.1.0\"\n"
"edition = \"2021\"\n"
"\n"
"[dependencies]\n"
"tokio = { version = \"1.26.0\", features = [\"sync\", \"time\", \"macros\", "
"\"rt-multi-thread\"] }\n"
"```"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
msgid ""
"Also note that this time you have to use the `Mutex` and the `mpsc` module "
"from the `tokio` crate."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
msgid "Can you make your implementation single-threaded?"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
msgid ""
"In this exercise, we want to use our new knowledge to implement a broadcast "
"chat application. We have a chat server that the clients connect to and "
"publish their messages. The client reads user messages from the standard "
"input, and sends them to the server. The chat server broadcasts each message "
"that it receives to all the clients."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
msgid ""
"For this, we use [a broadcast channel](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/"
"sync/broadcast/fn.channel.html) on the server, and [`tokio_websockets`]"
"(https://docs.rs/tokio-websockets/) for the communication between the client "
"and the server."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
msgid "Create a new Cargo project and add the following dependencies:"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
msgid "_Cargo.toml_:"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
msgid ""
"```toml\n"
"[package]\n"
"name = \"chat-async\"\n"
"version = \"0.1.0\"\n"
"edition = \"2021\"\n"
"\n"
"[dependencies]\n"
"futures-util = { version = \"0.3.30\", features = [\"sink\"] }\n"
"http = \"1.1.0\"\n"
"tokio = { version = \"1.36.0\", features = [\"full\"] }\n"
"tokio-websockets = { version = \"0.7.0\", features = [\"client\", "
"\"fastrand\", \"server\", \"sha1_smol\"] }\n"
"```"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
msgid "The required APIs"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
msgid ""
"You are going to need the following functions from `tokio` and "
"[`tokio_websockets`](https://docs.rs/tokio-websockets/). Spend a few minutes "
"to familiarize yourself with the API."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
msgid ""
"[StreamExt::next()](https://docs.rs/futures-util/0.3.28/futures_util/stream/"
"trait.StreamExt.html#method.next) implemented by `WebSocketStream`: for "
"asynchronously reading messages from a Websocket Stream."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
msgid ""
"[SinkExt::send()](https://docs.rs/futures-util/0.3.28/futures_util/sink/"
"trait.SinkExt.html#method.send) implemented by `WebSocketStream`: for "
"asynchronously sending messages on a Websocket Stream."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
msgid ""
"[Lines::next_line()](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/io/struct.Lines."
"html#method.next_line): for asynchronously reading user messages from the "
"standard input."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
msgid ""
"[Sender::subscribe()](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/sync/broadcast/"
"struct.Sender.html#method.subscribe): for subscribing to a broadcast channel."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
msgid "Two binaries"
msgstr "Deux binaires"

#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
msgid ""
"Normally in a Cargo project, you can have only one binary, and one `src/main."
"rs` file. In this project, we need two binaries. One for the client, and one "
"for the server. You could potentially make them two separate Cargo projects, "
"but we are going to put them in a single Cargo project with two binaries. "
"For this to work, the client and the server code should go under `src/bin` "
"(see the [documentation](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/cargo-"
"targets.html#binaries))."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
msgid ""
"Copy the following server and client code into `src/bin/server.rs` and `src/"
"bin/client.rs`, respectively. Your task is to complete these files as "
"described below."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_src/bin/server.rs_:"
msgstr "`src/main.rs` :"

#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
msgid "// TODO: For a hint, see the description of the task below.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "\"127.0.0.1:2000\""
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "\"listening on port 2000\""
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "\"New connection from {addr:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "// Wrap the raw TCP stream into a websocket.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "_src/bin/client.rs_:"
msgstr "`src/main.rs` :"

#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "\"ws://127.0.0.1:2000\""
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Running the binaries"
msgstr "Exécution du parcours"

#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Run the server with:"
msgstr "Exécutez l'exemple avec :"

#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "and the client with:"
msgstr "Exécutez l'exemple avec :"

#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
msgid "Implement the `handle_connection` function in `src/bin/server.rs`."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
msgid ""
"Hint: Use `tokio::select!` for concurrently performing two tasks in a "
"continuous loop. One task receives messages from the client and broadcasts "
"them. The other sends messages received by the server to the client."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
msgid "Complete the main function in `src/bin/client.rs`."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
msgid ""
"Hint: As before, use `tokio::select!` in a continuous loop for concurrently "
"performing two tasks: (1) reading user messages from standard input and "
"sending them to the server, and (2) receiving messages from the server, and "
"displaying them for the user."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
msgid ""
"Optional: Once you are done, change the code to broadcast messages to all "
"clients, but the sender of the message."
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Concurrency Afternoon Exercise"
msgstr "Exercices de l'après-midi du jour 1"

#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "([back to exercise](dining-philosophers-async.md))"
msgstr "([retour à l'exercice](dining-philosophers.md))"

#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid ""
"// If we didn't get the left fork, drop the right fork if we\n"
"                // have it and let other tasks make progress.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid ""
"// If we didn't get the right fork, drop the left fork and let\n"
"                // other tasks make progress.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "// The locks are dropped here\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "// tx is dropped here, so we don't need to explicitly drop it later\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "\"Here is a thought: {thought}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "([back to exercise](chat-app.md))"
msgstr "([retour à l'exercice](rtc.md))"

#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "\"Welcome to chat! Type a message\""
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid ""
"// A continuous loop for concurrently performing two tasks: (1) receiving\n"
"    // messages from `ws_stream` and broadcasting them, and (2) receiving\n"
"    // messages on `bcast_rx` and sending them to the client.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "\"From client {addr:?} {text:?}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "// Continuous loop for concurrently sending and receiving messages.\n"
msgstr ""

#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
msgid "\"From server: {}\""
msgstr ""

#: src/thanks.md
msgid ""
"_Thank you for taking Comprehensive Rust 🦀!_ We hope you enjoyed it and "
"that it was useful."
msgstr ""
"_Merci d'avoir pris Comprehensive Rust(le guide complet de Rust) 🦀!_ Nous "
"espérons que vous l'avez apprécié et qu'il était utile."

#: src/thanks.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"We've had a lot of fun putting the course together. The course is not "
"perfect, so if you spotted any mistakes or have ideas for improvements, "
"please get in [contact with us on GitHub](https://github.com/google/"
"comprehensive-rust/discussions). We would love to hear from you."
msgstr ""
"Nous nous sommes beaucoup amusés à préparer le cours. Le cours n'est pas "
"parfait, donc si vous avez repéré des erreurs ou avez des idées "
"d'améliorations, n'hésitez pas à nous contacter [contactez-nous au GitHub]"
"(https://github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/discussions). Nous aimerions "
"d'avoir de tes nouvelles."

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"The following is a glossary which aims to give a short definition of many "
"Rust terms. For translations, this also serves to connect the term back to "
"the English original."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"allocate:  \n"
"Dynamic memory allocation on [the heap](memory-management/stack-vs-heap.md)."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"argument:  \n"
"Information that is passed into a function or method."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"Bare-metal Rust:  \n"
"Low-level Rust development, often deployed to a system without an operating "
"system. See [Bare-metal Rust](bare-metal.md)."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"block:  \n"
"See [Blocks](control-flow/blocks.md) and _scope_."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"borrow:  \n"
"See [Borrowing](ownership/borrowing.md)."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"borrow checker:  \n"
"The part of the Rust compiler which checks that all borrows are valid."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"brace:  \n"
"`{` and `}`. Also called _curly brace_, they delimit _blocks_."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"build:  \n"
"The process of converting source code into executable code or a usable "
"program."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"call:  \n"
"To invoke or execute a function or method."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"channel:  \n"
"Used to safely pass messages [between threads](concurrency/channels.md)."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"Comprehensive Rust 🦀:  \n"
"The courses here are jointly called Comprehensive Rust 🦀."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"concurrency:  \n"
"The execution of multiple tasks or processes at the same time."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"Concurrency in Rust:  \n"
"See [Concurrency in Rust](concurrency.md)."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"constant:  \n"
"A value that does not change during the execution of a program."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"control flow:  \n"
"The order in which the individual statements or instructions are executed in "
"a program."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"crash:  \n"
"An unexpected and unhandled failure or termination of a program."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"enumeration:  \n"
"A data type that holds one of several named constants, possibly with an "
"associated tuple or struct."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"error:  \n"
"An unexpected condition or result that deviates from the expected behavior."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"error handling:  \n"
"The process of managing and responding to errors that occur during program "
"execution."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"exercise:  \n"
"A task or problem designed to practice and test programming skills."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"function:  \n"
"A reusable block of code that performs a specific task."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"garbage collector:  \n"
"A mechanism that automatically frees up memory occupied by objects that are "
"no longer in use."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"generics:  \n"
"A feature that allows writing code with placeholders for types, enabling "
"code reuse with different data types."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"immutable:  \n"
"Unable to be changed after creation."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"integration test:  \n"
"A type of test that verifies the interactions between different parts or "
"components of a system."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"keyword:  \n"
"A reserved word in a programming language that has a specific meaning and "
"cannot be used as an identifier."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"library:  \n"
"A collection of precompiled routines or code that can be used by programs."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"macro:  \n"
"Rust macros can be recognized by a `!` in the name. Macros are used when "
"normal functions are not enough. A typical example is `format!`, which takes "
"a variable number of arguments, which isn't supported by Rust functions."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"`main` function:  \n"
"Rust programs start executing with the `main` function."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"match:  \n"
"A control flow construct in Rust that allows for pattern matching on the "
"value of an expression."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"memory leak:  \n"
"A situation where a program fails to release memory that is no longer "
"needed, leading to a gradual increase in memory usage."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"method:  \n"
"A function associated with an object or a type in Rust."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"module:  \n"
"A namespace that contains definitions, such as functions, types, or traits, "
"to organize code in Rust."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"move:  \n"
"The transfer of ownership of a value from one variable to another in Rust."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"mutable:  \n"
"A property in Rust that allows variables to be modified after they have been "
"declared."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"ownership:  \n"
"The concept in Rust that defines which part of the code is responsible for "
"managing the memory associated with a value."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"panic:  \n"
"An unrecoverable error condition in Rust that results in the termination of "
"the program."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"parameter:  \n"
"A value that is passed into a function or method when it is called."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"pattern:  \n"
"A combination of values, literals, or structures that can be matched against "
"an expression in Rust."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"payload:  \n"
"The data or information carried by a message, event, or data structure."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"program:  \n"
"A set of instructions that a computer can execute to perform a specific task "
"or solve a particular problem."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"programming language:  \n"
"A formal system used to communicate instructions to a computer, such as Rust."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"receiver:  \n"
"The first parameter in a Rust method that represents the instance on which "
"the method is called."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"reference counting:  \n"
"A memory management technique in which the number of references to an object "
"is tracked, and the object is deallocated when the count reaches zero."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"return:  \n"
"A keyword in Rust used to indicate the value to be returned from a function."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"Rust:  \n"
"A systems programming language that focuses on safety, performance, and "
"concurrency."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"Rust Fundamentals:  \n"
"Days 1 to 4 of this course."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"Rust in Android:  \n"
"See [Rust in Android](android.md)."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"Rust in Chromium:  \n"
"See [Rust in Chromium](chromium.md)."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"safe:  \n"
"Refers to code that adheres to Rust's ownership and borrowing rules, "
"preventing memory-related errors."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"scope:  \n"
"The region of a program where a variable is valid and can be used."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"standard library:  \n"
"A collection of modules providing essential functionality in Rust."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"static:  \n"
"A keyword in Rust used to define static variables or items with a `'static` "
"lifetime."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"string:  \n"
"A data type storing textual data. See [`String` vs `str`](basic-syntax/"
"string-slices.html) for more."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"struct:  \n"
"A composite data type in Rust that groups together variables of different "
"types under a single name."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"test:  \n"
"A Rust module containing functions that test the correctness of other "
"functions."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"thread:  \n"
"A separate sequence of execution in a program, allowing concurrent execution."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"thread safety:  \n"
"The property of a program that ensures correct behavior in a multithreaded "
"environment."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"trait:  \n"
"A collection of methods defined for an unknown type, providing a way to "
"achieve polymorphism in Rust."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"trait bound:  \n"
"An abstraction where you can require types to implement some traits of your "
"interest."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"tuple:  \n"
"A composite data type that contains variables of different types. Tuple "
"fields have no names, and are accessed by their ordinal numbers."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"type:  \n"
"A classification that specifies which operations can be performed on values "
"of a particular kind in Rust."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"type inference:  \n"
"The ability of the Rust compiler to deduce the type of a variable or "
"expression."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"undefined behavior:  \n"
"Actions or conditions in Rust that have no specified result, often leading "
"to unpredictable program behavior."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"union:  \n"
"A data type that can hold values of different types but only one at a time."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"unit test:  \n"
"Rust comes with built-in support for running small unit tests and larger "
"integration tests. See [Unit Tests](testing/unit-tests.html)."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"unit type:  \n"
"Type that holds no data, written as a tuple with no members."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"unsafe:  \n"
"The subset of Rust which allows you to trigger _undefined behavior_. See "
"[Unsafe Rust](unsafe.html)."
msgstr ""

#: src/glossary.md
msgid ""
"variable:  \n"
"A memory location storing data. Variables are valid in a _scope_."
msgstr ""

#: src/other-resources.md
msgid "Other Rust Resources"
msgstr "Autres ressources Rust"

#: src/other-resources.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The Rust community has created a wealth of high-quality and free resources "
"online."
msgstr ""
"La communauté Rust a créé une multitude de ressources gratuites et de haute "
"qualité en ligne."

#: src/other-resources.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Official Documentation"
msgstr "Documents officiels"

#: src/other-resources.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "The Rust project hosts many resources. These cover Rust in general:"
msgstr ""
"Le projet Rust héberge de nombreuses ressources. Celles-ci couvrent Rust en "
"général :"

#: src/other-resources.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"[The Rust Programming Language](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/): the "
"canonical free book about Rust. Covers the language in detail and includes a "
"few projects for people to build."
msgstr ""
"[Le langage de programmation Rust](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/) : le "
"livre canonique gratuit sur Rust. Couvre la langue en détail et comprend un "
"peu de projets à construire."

#: src/other-resources.md
msgid ""
"[Rust By Example](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/): covers the "
"Rust syntax via a series of examples which showcase different constructs. "
"Sometimes includes small exercises where you are asked to expand on the code "
"in the examples."
msgstr ""
"[Rust By Example](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/) : couvre la "
"syntaxe de Rust via une série d'exemples qui présentent différentes "
"constructions. Parfois comprend de petits exercices où l'on vous demande de "
"développer le code de l'exemple."

#: src/other-resources.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"[Rust Standard Library](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/): full documentation "
"of the standard library for Rust."
msgstr ""
"[Bibliothèque standard Rust](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/) : documentation "
"complète de la bibliothèque standard de Rust."

#: src/other-resources.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"[The Rust Reference](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/): an incomplete "
"book which describes the Rust grammar and memory model."
msgstr ""
"[The Rust Reference](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/) : un livre "
"incomplet qui décrit la grammaire et le modèle de mémoire de Rust."

#: src/other-resources.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "More specialized guides hosted on the official Rust site:"
msgstr "Des guides plus spécialisés hébergés sur le site officiel de Rust :"

#: src/other-resources.md
msgid ""
"[The Rustonomicon](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/): covers unsafe Rust, "
"including working with raw pointers and interfacing with other languages "
"(FFI)."
msgstr ""
"[The Rustonomicon](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/) : couvre le Rust non "
"securisé (_unsafe_), y compris les pointeurs nus et l'interfaçage avec "
"d'autres langages (FFI)."

#: src/other-resources.md
msgid ""
"[Asynchronous Programming in Rust](https://rust-lang.github.io/async-book/): "
"covers the new asynchronous programming model which was introduced after the "
"Rust Book was written."
msgstr ""
"[Programmation asynchrone avec Rust](https://rust-lang.github.io/async-"
"book/) : couvre le nouveau modèle de programmation asynchrone qui a été "
"introduit après la publication du livre Rust."

#: src/other-resources.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"[The Embedded Rust Book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/embedded-book/): "
"an introduction to using Rust on embedded devices without an operating "
"system."
msgstr ""
"[The Embedded Rust Book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/embedded-book/) : "
"un introduction à l'utilisation de Rust sur des appareils embarqués sans "
"système d'exploitation."

#: src/other-resources.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "Unofficial Learning Material"
msgstr "Matériel d'apprentissage non officiel"

#: src/other-resources.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "A small selection of other guides and tutorial for Rust:"
msgstr "Une petite sélection d'autres guides et tutoriels pour Rust :"

#: src/other-resources.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"[Learn Rust the Dangerous Way](http://cliffle.com/p/dangerust/): covers Rust "
"from the perspective of low-level C programmers."
msgstr ""
"[Learn Rust the Dangerous Way](http://cliffle.com/p/dangerust/) : couvre "
"Rust du point de vue des programmeurs C de bas niveau."

#: src/other-resources.md
msgid ""
"[Rust for Embedded C Programmers](https://docs.opentitan.org/doc/ug/"
"rust_for_c/): covers Rust from the perspective of developers who write "
"firmware in C."
msgstr ""
"\\[Rust pour Programmeurs C Embarqué\\] (https://docs.opentitan.org/doc/ug/"
"rust_for_c/) : couvre Rust du point de vue des développeurs qui écrivent des "
"firmwares en C."

#: src/other-resources.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"[Rust for professionals](https://overexact.com/rust-for-professionals/): "
"covers the syntax of Rust using side-by-side comparisons with other "
"languages such as C, C++, Java, JavaScript, and Python."
msgstr ""
"[Rust pour les professionnels](https://overexact.com/rust-for-"
"professionals/): couvre la syntaxe de Rust en utilisant des comparaisons "
"côte à côte avec d'autres langages tels que C, C++, Java, JavaScript et "
"Python."

#: src/other-resources.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"[Rust on Exercism](https://exercism.org/tracks/rust): 100+ exercises to help "
"you learn Rust."
msgstr ""
"[Rust on Exercism](https://exercism.org/tracks/rust) : plus de 100 exercices "
"pour vous aider vous apprenez Rust."

#: src/other-resources.md
msgid ""
"[Ferrous Teaching Material](https://ferrous-systems.github.io/teaching-"
"material/index.html): a series of small presentations covering both basic "
"and advanced part of the Rust language. Other topics such as WebAssembly, "
"and async/await are also covered."
msgstr ""
"\\[Matériel de Ferrous Teaching\\] (https://ferrous-systems.github.io/"
"teaching-material/index.html) : un série de petites présentations couvrant à "
"la fois la partie de base et avancée de Rust. D'autres sujets tels que "
"WebAssembly et async/wait sont également couvert."

#: src/other-resources.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"[Beginner's Series to Rust](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/shows/beginners-"
"series-to-rust/) and [Take your first steps with Rust](https://docs."
"microsoft.com/en-us/learn/paths/rust-first-steps/): two Rust guides aimed at "
"new developers. The first is a set of 35 videos and the second is a set of "
"11 modules which covers Rust syntax and basic constructs."
msgstr ""
"[Série débutant à Rust](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/shows/beginners-"
"series-to-rust/) et [Faites vos premiers pas avec Rust](https://docs."
"microsoft.com/en-us/learn/paths/rust-first-steps/) : deux Guides Rust "
"destinés aux nouveaux développeurs. Le premier est un ensemble de 35 vidéos "
"et le le second est un ensemble de 11 modules qui couvre la syntaxe Rust et "
"les constructions de base."

#: src/other-resources.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"[Learn Rust With Entirely Too Many Linked Lists](https://rust-unofficial."
"github.io/too-many-lists/): in-depth exploration of Rust's memory management "
"rules, through implementing a few different types of list structures."
msgstr ""
"\\[Apprenez Rust avec trop de liens Listes\\] (https://rust-unofficial."
"github.io/too-many-lists/) : en profondeur exploration des règles de gestion "
"de la mémoire de Rust, en implémentant quelques différents types de "
"structures de liste."

#: src/other-resources.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Please see the [Little Book of Rust Books](https://lborb.github.io/book/) "
"for even more Rust books."
msgstr ""
"Veuillez consulter le [Little Book of Rust Books](https://lborb.github.io/"
"book/) pour encore plus de livres Rust."

#: src/credits.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The material here builds on top of the many great sources of Rust "
"documentation. See the page on [other resources](other-resources.md) for a "
"full list of useful resources."
msgstr ""
"Le matériel ici s'appuie sur les nombreuses sources de documentation de "
"Rust. Voir la page sur \\[autres ressources\\] (other-resources.md) pour une "
"liste complète des ressources utiles ressources."

#: src/credits.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The material of Comprehensive Rust is licensed under the terms of the Apache "
"2.0 license, please see [`LICENSE`](https://github.com/google/comprehensive-"
"rust/blob/main/LICENSE) for details."
msgstr ""
"Le matériel de Comprehensive Rust(le guide complet de Rust) est sous licence "
"sous les termes de la licence d'Apache 2.0, veuillez consulter [`LICENSE`]"
"(../LICENSE) pour plus de détails."

#: src/credits.md
msgid "Rust by Example"
msgstr "Rust by Example"

#: src/credits.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Some examples and exercises have been copied and adapted from [Rust by "
"Example](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/). Please see the "
"`third_party/rust-by-example/` directory for details, including the license "
"terms."
msgstr ""
"Quelques exemples et exercices ont été copiés et adaptés de [Rust by Exemple]"
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/). Veuillez consulter le "
"Répertoire `third_party/rust-by-example/` pour plus de détails, y compris la "
"licence conditions."

#: src/credits.md
msgid "Rust on Exercism"
msgstr "Rust sur Exercism"

#: src/credits.md
msgid ""
"Some exercises have been copied and adapted from [Rust on Exercism](https://"
"exercism.org/tracks/rust). Please see the `third_party/rust-on-exercism/` "
"directory for details, including the license terms."
msgstr ""
"Certains exercices ont été copiés et adaptés de \\[Rust on Exercism\\] "
"(https://exercism.org/tracks/rust). Veuillez consulter le Répertoire "
"`third_party/rust-on-exercism/` pour plus de détails, y compris les "
"conditions  de la licence."

#: src/credits.md
#, fuzzy
msgid "CXX"
msgstr "\\## CXX"

#: src/credits.md
#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"The [Interoperability with C++](android/interoperability/cpp.md) section "
"uses an image from [CXX](https://cxx.rs/). Please see the `third_party/cxx/` "
"directory for details, including the license terms."
msgstr ""
"La section [Interopérabilité avec C++](android/interoperability/cpp.md) "
"utilise un image de [CXX](https://cxx.rs/). Veuillez consulter le répertoire "
"`third_party/cxx/` pour plus de détails, y compris les termes de la licence."
