msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Comprehensive Rust 🦀\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2024-01-24T13:24:49+01:00\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2023-11-07 15:51+0200\n" "Last-Translator: Razvan Stefanescu \n" "Language-Team: Romanian \n" "Language: ro\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" "Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=n==1 ? 0 : (n==0 || (n%100 > 0 && n%100 < " "20)) ? 1 : 2;\n" "X-Generator: Poedit 3.4.1\n" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/index.md msgid "Welcome to Comprehensive Rust 🦀" msgstr "Bine ați venit la Comprehensive Rust 🦀 (ghidul complet pentu Rust)" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course.md msgid "Running the Course" msgstr "Rularea cursului" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "Course Structure" msgstr "Structura cursului" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md msgid "Keyboard Shortcuts" msgstr "Scurtături de tastatură" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/translations.md msgid "Translations" msgstr "Traduceri" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/cargo.md msgid "Using Cargo" msgstr "Folosirea Cargo" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Rust Ecosystem" msgstr "Ecosistemul Rust" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Code Samples" msgstr "Mostre de cod" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Running Cargo Locally" msgstr "Rularea Cargo local" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Day 1: Morning" msgstr "Ziua 1: Dimineața" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Welcome" msgstr "Bine ați venit" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/hello-world.md src/hello-world/hello-world.md #, fuzzy msgid "Hello, World" msgstr "Bună lume!" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md msgid "What is Rust?" msgstr "Ce este Rust?" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "Benefits of Rust" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/hello-world/playground.md msgid "Playground" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values.md msgid "Types and Values" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values/variables.md msgid "Variables" msgstr "Variabile" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "Values" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md msgid "Arithmetic" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values/strings.md msgid "Strings" msgstr "Șiruri de caractere" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values/inference.md msgid "Type Inference" msgstr "Inferența de tip" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "Exercise: Fibonacci" msgstr "Exercițiu: Evaluarea expresiilor" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values/solution.md #: src/control-flow-basics/solution.md src/tuples-and-arrays/solution.md #: src/references/solution.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md #: src/pattern-matching/solution.md src/methods-and-traits/solution.md #: src/generics/solution.md src/std-types/solution.md #: src/std-traits/solution.md src/memory-management/solution.md #: src/smart-pointers/solution.md src/borrowing/solution.md #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md src/iterators/solution.md #: src/modules/solution.md src/testing/solution.md #: src/error-handling/solution.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md #, fuzzy msgid "Solution" msgstr "Soluții" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics.md #, fuzzy msgid "Control Flow Basics" msgstr "Fluxul de control" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md msgid "Conditionals" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/loops.md #, fuzzy msgid "Loops" msgstr "bucle `for`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md #, fuzzy msgid "`break` and `continue`" msgstr "`break` și `continue`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md msgid "Blocks and Scopes" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/functions.md msgid "Functions" msgstr "Funcții" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/macros.md #, fuzzy msgid "Macros" msgstr "macro:" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "Exercise: Collatz Sequence" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Day 1: Afternoon" msgstr "Ziua 1: După-amiaza" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/tuples-and-arrays.md #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "Tuples and Arrays" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/tuples-and-arrays/iteration.md #, fuzzy msgid "Array Iteration" msgstr "Integrarea încărcăturii" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md src/pattern-matching.md msgid "Pattern Matching" msgstr "Potrivire de șabloane" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md #, fuzzy msgid "Destructuring" msgstr "Destructurarea enumerărilor" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md msgid "Exercise: Nested Arrays" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/references.md msgid "References" msgstr "Referinţe" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/references/shared.md #, fuzzy msgid "Shared References" msgstr "Referinţe" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/references/exclusive.md #, fuzzy msgid "Exclusive References" msgstr "Referințe invalide" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/references/exercise.md msgid "Exercise: Geometry" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types.md #, fuzzy msgid "User-Defined Types" msgstr "Tipuri scalare" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md #, fuzzy msgid "Named Structs" msgstr "Structuri" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md msgid "Tuple Structs" msgstr "Structuri Tupluri" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types/enums.md #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md msgid "Enums" msgstr "Enumerări (enums)" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md #, fuzzy msgid "Static and Const" msgstr "static & const" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types/aliases.md msgid "Type Aliases" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "Exercise: Elevator Events" msgstr "Exercițiu: Evaluarea expresiilor" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Day 2: Morning" msgstr "Ziua 2: Dimineața" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md #, fuzzy msgid "Let Control Flow" msgstr "Fluxul de control" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/pattern-matching/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "Exercise: Expression Evaluation" msgstr "Exercițiu: Evaluarea expresiilor" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/methods-and-traits.md #, fuzzy msgid "Methods and Traits" msgstr "Citire și scriere" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/methods-and-traits/methods.md msgid "Methods" msgstr "Metode" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/methods-and-traits/traits.md msgid "Traits" msgstr "Trăsături" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md #, fuzzy msgid "Deriving" msgstr "Derivarea trăsăturilor" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md #, fuzzy msgid "Trait Objects" msgstr "Obiecte cu trăsături" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md msgid "Exercise: Generic Logger" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics.md msgid "Generics" msgstr "Produse generice" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics/generic-functions.md #, fuzzy msgid "Generic Functions" msgstr "Funcții externe" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics/generic-data.md msgid "Generic Data Types" msgstr "Tipuri de date generice" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics/trait-bounds.md msgid "Trait Bounds" msgstr "Limite de trăsături" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics/impl-trait.md #, fuzzy msgid "`impl Trait`" msgstr "`impl Trait`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics/exercise.md msgid "Exercise: Generic `min`" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Day 2: Afternoon" msgstr "Ziua 2: După-amiaza" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-types.md #, fuzzy msgid "Standard Library Types" msgstr "Biblioteca standard" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-types/std.md msgid "Standard Library" msgstr "Biblioteca standard" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-types/docs.md #, fuzzy msgid "Documentation" msgstr "Teste de documentare" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Option`" msgstr "`Durată`" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Result`" msgstr "`Opțiune`, `Rezultat`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md #, fuzzy msgid "`String`" msgstr "Sir" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-types/vec.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Vec`" msgstr "`Vec`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-types/hashmap.md src/bare-metal/no_std.md #, fuzzy msgid "`HashMap`" msgstr "`HashMap`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-types/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "Exercise: Counter" msgstr "Exerciții" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits.md #, fuzzy msgid "Standard Library Traits" msgstr "Biblioteca standard" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits/comparisons.md src/async.md #, fuzzy msgid "Comparisons" msgstr "Comparații" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits/operators.md #, fuzzy msgid "Operators" msgstr "Iteratori" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits/from-and-into.md #, fuzzy msgid "`From` and `Into`" msgstr "`De` și `Întru`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits/casting.md #, fuzzy msgid "Casting" msgstr "Testare" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits/read-and-write.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Read` and `Write`" msgstr "`Read` și `Write`" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "`Default`, struct update syntax" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits/closures.md #, fuzzy msgid "Closures" msgstr "Închideri" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "Exercise: ROT13" msgstr "Exerciții" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Day 3: Morning" msgstr "Ziua 3: Dimineața" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management.md msgid "Memory Management" msgstr "Gestionarea memoriei" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management/review.md msgid "Review of Program Memory" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management/approaches.md #, fuzzy msgid "Approaches to Memory Management" msgstr "Gestionarea automată a memoriei" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management/ownership.md msgid "Ownership" msgstr "Posesia" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management/move.md msgid "Move Semantics" msgstr "Semantica mutărilor" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "`Clone`" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management/copy-types.md #, fuzzy msgid "Copy Types" msgstr "Tipuri compuse" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Drop`" msgstr "Picătură" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management/exercise.md msgid "Exercise: Builder Type" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/smart-pointers.md msgid "Smart Pointers" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/smart-pointers/box.md #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Box`" msgstr "`Box`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/smart-pointers/rc.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Rc`" msgstr "`Rc`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/smart-pointers/exercise.md msgid "Exercise: Binary Tree" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Day 3: Afternoon" msgstr "Ziua 3: După-amiaza" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/borrowing.md msgid "Borrowing" msgstr "Împrumut" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/borrowing/shared.md #, fuzzy msgid "Borrowing a Value" msgstr "Împrumut" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/borrowing/borrowck.md #, fuzzy msgid "Borrow Checking" msgstr "Împrumut" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md #, fuzzy msgid "Interior Mutability" msgstr "Interoperabilitate" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/borrowing/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "Exercise: Health Statistics" msgstr "Statistici de sănătate" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/slices-and-lifetimes.md #, fuzzy msgid "Slices and Lifetimes" msgstr "Durata de viață" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "Slices: `&[T]`" msgstr "Felii" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md #, fuzzy msgid "String References" msgstr "Referințe invalide" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md #, fuzzy msgid "Lifetime Annotations" msgstr "Duratele de viață în apelurile de funcții" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "Lifetime Elision" msgstr "Durata de viață" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "Struct Lifetimes" msgstr "Durata de viață" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md msgid "Exercise: Protobuf Parsing" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "Day 4: Morning" msgstr "Ziua 1: Dimineața" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/iterators.md #, fuzzy msgid "Iterators" msgstr "Iteratori" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/iterators/iterator.md src/bare-metal/no_std.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Iterator`" msgstr "`Iterator`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/iterators/intoiterator.md #, fuzzy msgid "`IntoIterator`" msgstr "`IntoIterator`" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "`FromIterator`" msgstr "FromIterator" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/iterators/exercise.md msgid "Exercise: Iterator Method Chaining" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/modules.md src/modules/modules.md msgid "Modules" msgstr "Module" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/modules/filesystem.md msgid "Filesystem Hierarchy" msgstr "Ierarhia sistemului de fișiere" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/modules/visibility.md msgid "Visibility" msgstr "Vizibilitate" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "`use`, `super`, `self`" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/modules/exercise.md msgid "Exercise: Modules for a GUI Library" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/testing.md src/chromium/testing.md msgid "Testing" msgstr "Testare" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Test Modules" msgstr "Module de testare" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/testing/other.md #, fuzzy msgid "Other Types of Tests" msgstr "Alte proiecte" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/testing/useful-crates.md msgid "Useful Crates" msgstr "Lăzi utile" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/testing/googletest.md msgid "GoogleTest" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/testing/mocking.md msgid "Mocking" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/testing/lints.md msgid "Compiler Lints and Clippy" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/testing/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "Exercise: Luhn Algorithm" msgstr "Algoritmul Luhn" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "Day 4: Afternoon" msgstr "Ziua 1: După-amiaza" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/error-handling.md msgid "Error Handling" msgstr "Gestionarea erorilor" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/error-handling/panics.md msgid "Panics" msgstr "Panică" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/error-handling/try.md #, fuzzy msgid "Try Operator" msgstr "Iterator" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/error-handling/try-conversions.md #, fuzzy msgid "Try Conversions" msgstr "Conversii implicite" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Error` Trait" msgstr "`Error`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md #, fuzzy msgid "`thiserror` and `anyhow`" msgstr "`De` și `Întru`" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "Exercise: Rewriting with `Result`" msgstr "Gestionarea structurată a erorilor cu `Result`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/unsafe-rust.md src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md msgid "Unsafe Rust" msgstr "Rust nesigur" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "Unsafe" msgstr "nesigură:" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md msgid "Dereferencing Raw Pointers" msgstr "Dereferențierea pointerilor bruți" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md msgid "Mutable Static Variables" msgstr "Variabile statice mutabile" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/unsafe-rust/unions.md msgid "Unions" msgstr "Sindicate (Unions)" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md #, fuzzy msgid "Unsafe Functions" msgstr "Apelarea funcțiilor nesigure" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "Unsafe Traits" msgstr "Implementarea trăsăturilor nesigure" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "Exercise: FFI Wrapper" msgstr "Înfășurătorul FFI sigur" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/android.md msgid "Android" msgstr "Android" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/setup.md src/chromium/setup.md msgid "Setup" msgstr "Setare" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/build-rules.md msgid "Build Rules" msgstr "Reguli de construcție" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "Binary" msgstr "Binare" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Library" msgstr "Bibliotecă" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/aidl.md msgid "AIDL" msgstr "AIDL" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Interface" msgstr "Interfață" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Implementation" msgstr "Implementare" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Server" msgstr "Server" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/aidl/deploy.md msgid "Deploy" msgstr "Lanseaza" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Client" msgstr "Client" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/aidl/changing.md msgid "Changing API" msgstr "Schimbarea API-ului" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/logging.md src/bare-metal/aps/logging.md msgid "Logging" msgstr "Jurnalizare (loguri)" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability.md msgid "Interoperability" msgstr "Interoperabilitate" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "With C" msgstr "Cu C" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Calling C with Bindgen" msgstr "Apelarea C cu Bindgen" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Calling Rust from C" msgstr "Apelarea Rust din C" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp.md msgid "With C++" msgstr "Cu C++" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md #, fuzzy msgid "The Bridge Module" msgstr "Module de testare" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "Rust Bridge" msgstr "Binare Rust" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/generated-cpp.md msgid "Generated C++" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "C++ Bridge" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-types.md #, fuzzy msgid "Shared Types" msgstr "Tipuri scalare" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-enums.md msgid "Shared Enums" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md #, fuzzy msgid "Rust Error Handling" msgstr "Gestionarea erorilor" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-exception.md #, fuzzy msgid "C++ Error Handling" msgstr "Gestionarea erorilor" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md msgid "Additional Types" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Building for Android: C++" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Building for Android: Genrules" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Building for Android: Rust" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "With Java" msgstr "Cu Java" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/android/morning.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/morning.md src/exercises/bare-metal/afternoon.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/morning.md src/exercises/concurrency/afternoon.md msgid "Exercises" msgstr "Exerciții" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Chromium" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "Comparing Chromium and Cargo Ecosystems" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Policy" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "Unsafe Code" msgstr "Rust nesigur" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/build-rules/depending.md msgid "Depending on Rust Code from Chromium C++" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md msgid "Visual Studio Code" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md #, fuzzy msgid "Exercise" msgstr "Exerciții" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/testing/rust-gtest-interop.md msgid "`rust_gtest_interop` Library" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/testing/build-gn.md msgid "GN Rules for Rust Tests" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/testing/chromium-import-macro.md msgid "`chromium::import!` Macro" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md #, fuzzy msgid "Interoperability with C++" msgstr "Interoperabilitate cu C" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md #, fuzzy msgid "Example Bindings" msgstr "Exemple" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md msgid "Limitations of CXX" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md #, fuzzy msgid "CXX Error Handling" msgstr "Gestionarea erorilor" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "Error Handling: QR Example" msgstr "Gestionarea erorilor" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "Error Handling: PNG Example" msgstr "Gestionarea erorilor" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Using CXX in Chromium" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md msgid "Adding Third Party Crates" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Configuring Cargo.toml" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md msgid "Configuring `gnrt_config.toml`" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md msgid "Downloading Crates" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md msgid "Generating `gn` Build Rules" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md msgid "Resolving Problems" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-generate-code.md msgid "Build Scripts Which Generate Code" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-take-arbitrary-actions.md msgid "Build Scripts Which Build C++ or Take Arbitrary Actions" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/depending-on-a-crate.md msgid "Depending on a Crate" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Reviews and Audits" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Checking into Chromium Source Code" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/keeping-up-to-date.md msgid "Keeping Crates Up to Date" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Bringing It Together - Exercise" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/chromium/solutions.md #, fuzzy msgid "Exercise Solutions" msgstr "Soluții" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "Bare Metal: Morning" msgstr "Bare Metal: Dimineața" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/no_std.md #, fuzzy msgid "`no_std`" msgstr "`no_std`" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "A Minimal Example" msgstr "Un exemplu minimalist" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/no_std.md src/bare-metal/alloc.md #, fuzzy msgid "`alloc`" msgstr "`alloc`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/microcontrollers.md msgid "Microcontrollers" msgstr "Microcontrolere" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md msgid "Raw MMIO" msgstr "MMIO brut" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "PACs" msgstr "PAC-uri" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "HAL Crates" msgstr "Lăzi (crates) HAL" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Board Support Crates" msgstr "Lăzi de suport pentru plăci" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "The Type State Pattern" msgstr "Modelul de stare de tip" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md #, fuzzy msgid "`embedded-hal`" msgstr "`embedded-hal`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md #, fuzzy msgid "`probe-rs` and `cargo-embed`" msgstr "`probe-rs`, `cargo-embed`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md msgid "Debugging" msgstr "Depanare" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Other Projects" msgstr "Alte proiecte" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md #, fuzzy msgid "Compass" msgstr "Busolă" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Solutions" msgstr "Soluții" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Bare Metal: Afternoon" msgstr "Bare Metal: După-amiază" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Application Processors" msgstr "Procesatori de aplicații" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md msgid "Getting Ready to Rust" msgstr "Pregătiți pentru Rust" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Inline Assembly" msgstr "Ansamblare în linie" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "MMIO" msgstr "MMIO" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Let's Write a UART Driver" msgstr "Să scriem un driver UART" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "More Traits" msgstr "Mai multe trăsături" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "A Better UART Driver" msgstr "Un driver UART mai bun" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md #, fuzzy msgid "Bitflags" msgstr "Bitflags" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Multiple Registers" msgstr "Registre multiple" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md #, fuzzy msgid "Driver" msgstr "Conductor (driver)" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Using It" msgstr "Utilizarea acestuia" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/aps/exceptions.md msgid "Exceptions" msgstr "Excepții" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md #, fuzzy msgid "`zerocopy`" msgstr "`zerocopie`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md #, fuzzy msgid "`aarch64-paging`" msgstr "`aarch64-paging`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/useful-crates/buddy_system_allocator.md #, fuzzy msgid "`buddy_system_allocator`" msgstr "`buddy_system_allocator`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/useful-crates/tinyvec.md #, fuzzy msgid "`tinyvec`" msgstr "`tinyvec`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md #, fuzzy msgid "`spin`" msgstr "`spin`" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "`vmbase`" msgstr "vmbase" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "RTC Driver" msgstr "Conductor RTC" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Concurrency: Morning" msgstr "Concurență: Dimineața" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/threads.md msgid "Threads" msgstr "Conversatii" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md #, fuzzy msgid "Scoped Threads" msgstr "Filete de acoperire" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/channels.md msgid "Channels" msgstr "Canale" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md msgid "Unbounded Channels" msgstr "Canale nerestricționate" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md #, fuzzy msgid "Bounded Channels" msgstr "Canale delimitate" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/send-sync.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Send` and `Sync`" msgstr "`Send` și `Sync`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/send-sync/send.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Send`" msgstr "`Send`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Sync`" msgstr "`Sync`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md msgid "Examples" msgstr "Exemple" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/shared_state.md msgid "Shared State" msgstr "Statut comun" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Arc`" msgstr "`Arc`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Mutex`" msgstr "`Mutex`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management/review.md #: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md #: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md msgid "Example" msgstr "Exemplu" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "Dining Philosophers" msgstr "Filozofii la masă" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md msgid "Multi-threaded Link Checker" msgstr "Verificator de legături cu mai multe fire de execuție" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Concurrency: Afternoon" msgstr "Concurență: După-amiază" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Async Basics" msgstr "Bazele Async" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/async-await.md #, fuzzy msgid "`async`/`await`" msgstr "`async`/`await`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/futures.md msgid "Futures" msgstr "Futures" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/runtimes.md #, fuzzy msgid "Runtimes" msgstr "Timpi de execuție" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/runtimes/tokio.md msgid "Tokio" msgstr "Tokio" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md src/async/tasks.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "Tasks" msgstr "Task-uri" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/channels.md msgid "Async Channels" msgstr "Canale asincrone" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Control Flow" msgstr "Fluxul de control" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/control-flow/join.md msgid "Join" msgstr "Alăturare (join)" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/control-flow/select.md msgid "Select" msgstr "Selecție (select)" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Pitfalls" msgstr "Capcane" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Blocking the Executor" msgstr "Blocarea executorului" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "`Pin`" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md msgid "Async Traits" msgstr "Trăsături asincrone" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md msgid "Cancellation" msgstr "Anulare" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "Broadcast Chat Application" msgstr "Aplicație de chat cu difuzare" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Final Words" msgstr "Ultimele cuvinte" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/thanks.md msgid "Thanks!" msgstr "Va multumim !" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/glossary.md msgid "Glossary" msgstr "Glosar" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Other Resources" msgstr "Alte resurse" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/credits.md msgid "Credits" msgstr "Credite" #: src/index.md msgid "" "[![Build workflow](https://img.shields.io/github/actions/workflow/status/" "google/comprehensive-rust/build.yml?style=flat-square)](https://github.com/" "google/comprehensive-rust/actions/workflows/build.yml?query=branch%3Amain) [!" "[GitHub contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/google/" "comprehensive-rust?style=flat-square)](https://github.com/google/" "comprehensive-rust/graphs/contributors) [![GitHub stars](https://img.shields." "io/github/stars/google/comprehensive-rust?style=flat-square)](https://github." "com/google/comprehensive-rust/stargazers)" msgstr "" "[![Fluxul de construcție](https://img.shields.io/github/actions/workflow/" "status/google/comprehensive-rust/build.yml?style=flat-square)](https://" "github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/actions/workflows/build.yml?" "query=branch%3Amain) [![Contribuitori GitHub](https://img.shields.io/github/" "contributors/google/comprehensive-rust?style=flat-square)](https://github." "com/google/comprehensive-rust/graphs/contributors) [![Stele GitHub](https://" "img.shields.io/github/stars/google/comprehensive-rust?style=flat-square)]" "(https://github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/stargazers)" #: src/index.md msgid "" "This is a free Rust course developed by the Android team at Google. The " "course covers the full spectrum of Rust, from basic syntax to advanced " "topics like generics and error handling." msgstr "" "Acesta este un curs gratuit de Rust dezvoltat de echipa Android de la " "Google. Cursul acoperă întregul spectru Rust, de la sintaxa de bază până la " "subiecte avansate, cum ar fi genericele și gestionarea erorilor." #: src/index.md msgid "" "The latest version of the course can be found at . If you are reading somewhere else, please check there " "for updates." msgstr "" "Cea mai recentă versiune a cursului poate fi găsită la adresa . Dacă citiți în altă parte, vă rugăm " "să verificați acolo pentru actualizări." #: src/index.md msgid "" "The goal of the course is to teach you Rust. We assume you don't know " "anything about Rust and hope to:" msgstr "" "Scopul cursului este de a vă învăța Rust. Presupunem că nu știți nimic " "despre Rust și, la sfârșit, sperăm să:" #: src/index.md msgid "Give you a comprehensive understanding of the Rust syntax and language." msgstr "Aveți o înțelegere cuprinzătoare a sintaxei și a limbajului Rust." #: src/index.md msgid "Enable you to modify existing programs and write new programs in Rust." msgstr "" "Puteți să modificați programele existente și să scrieți programe noi în Rust." #: src/index.md msgid "Show you common Rust idioms." msgstr "Cunoașteți expresii uzuale din Rust." #: src/index.md #, fuzzy msgid "We call the first four course days Rust Fundamentals." msgstr "Primele trei zile de curs se numesc Rust Fundamentals." #: src/index.md msgid "" "Building on this, you're invited to dive into one or more specialized topics:" msgstr "" "Pornind de la acestea, sunteți invitați să aprofundați unul sau mai multe " "subiecte specializate:" #: src/index.md msgid "" "[Android](android.md): a half-day course on using Rust for Android platform " "development (AOSP). This includes interoperability with C, C++, and Java." msgstr "" "[Android](android.md): un curs de o jumătate de zi despre utilizarea Rust " "pentru dezvoltarea platformei Android (AOSP). Acesta include " "interoperabilitatea cu C, C++ și Java." #: src/index.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[Chromium](chromium.md): a half-day course on using Rust within Chromium " "based browsers. This includes interoperability with C++ and how to include " "third-party crates in Chromium." msgstr "" "[Android](android.md): un curs de o jumătate de zi despre utilizarea Rust " "pentru dezvoltarea platformei Android (AOSP). Acesta include " "interoperabilitatea cu C, C++ și Java." #: src/index.md msgid "" "[Bare-metal](bare-metal.md): a whole-day class on using Rust for bare-metal " "(embedded) development. Both microcontrollers and application processors are " "covered." msgstr "" "[Bare-metal](bare-metal.md): un curs de o zi întreagă despre utilizarea Rust " "pentru dezvoltarea bare-metal (încorporată). Sunt acoperite atât " "microcontrolerele, cât și procesoarele de aplicații." #: src/index.md msgid "" "[Concurrency](concurrency.md): a whole-day class on concurrency in Rust. We " "cover both classical concurrency (preemptively scheduling using threads and " "mutexes) and async/await concurrency (cooperative multitasking using " "futures)." msgstr "" "[Concurrency](concurrency.md): un curs de o zi întreagă despre concurența în " "Rust. Acoperim atât concurența clasică (programarea preemptivă folosind fire " "de execuție și mutexuri), cât și concurența async/await (multitasking " "cooperativ folosind futures)." #: src/index.md msgid "Non-Goals" msgstr "Alte obiective decât cele de bază" #: src/index.md msgid "" "Rust is a large language and we won't be able to cover all of it in a few " "days. Some non-goals of this course are:" msgstr "" "Rust este un limbaj mare și nu vom putea acoperi toate aspectele în câteva " "zile. Câteva dintre non-obiectivele acestui curs sunt:" #: src/index.md msgid "" "Learning how to develop macros: please see [Chapter 19.5 in the Rust Book]" "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch19-06-macros.html) and [Rust by Example]" "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/macros.html) instead." msgstr "" "Învățarea modului de dezvoltare a macrocomenzilor: vă rugăm să consultați în " "schimb [Capitolul 19.5 din Rust Book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch19-06-" "macros.html) și [Rust by Example](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/" "macros.html)." #: src/index.md msgid "Assumptions" msgstr "Ipoteze" #: src/index.md msgid "" "The course assumes that you already know how to program. Rust is a " "statically-typed language and we will sometimes make comparisons with C and " "C++ to better explain or contrast the Rust approach." msgstr "" "Cursul pornește de la premisa că știți deja să programați. Rust este un " "limbaj cu tipare statică și uneori vom face comparații cu C și C++ pentru a " "explica mai bine sau a contrasta abordarea Rust." #: src/index.md msgid "" "If you know how to program in a dynamically-typed language such as Python or " "JavaScript, then you will be able to follow along just fine too." msgstr "" "Dacă știți să programați într-un limbaj cu tipuri dinamice, cum ar fi Python " "sau JavaScript, atunci veți putea să vă descurcați foarte bine." #: src/index.md msgid "" "This is an example of a _speaker note_. We will use these to add additional " "information to the slides. This could be key points which the instructor " "should cover as well as answers to typical questions which come up in class." msgstr "" "Acesta este un exemplu de _notițe pentru prezentator_. Le vom folosi pentru " "a adăuga informații suplimentare la diapozitive. Acestea pot fi puncte cheie " "pe care instructorul ar trebui să le abordeze, precum și răspunsuri la " "întrebări tipice care apar în clasă." #: src/running-the-course.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "This page is for the course instructor." msgstr "Această pagină este destinată instructorului de curs." #: src/running-the-course.md msgid "" "Here is a bit of background information about how we've been running the " "course internally at Google." msgstr "" "Iată câteva informații de fond despre modul în care am desfășurat cursul în " "cadrul Google." #: src/running-the-course.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "We typically run classes from 9:00 am to 4:00 pm, with a 1 hour lunch break " "in the middle. This leaves 3 hours for the morning class and 3 hours for the " "afternoon class. Both sessions contain multiple breaks and time for students " "to work on exercises." msgstr "" "De obicei, cursurile se desfășoară între orele 10:00 și 16:00, cu o pauză de " "masă de o oră la mijloc. Astfel, rămân 2,5 ore pentru cursul de dimineață și " "2,5 ore pentru cursul de după-amiază. Rețineți că aceasta este doar o " "recomandare: puteți, de asemenea, să petreceți 3 ore la sesiunea de " "dimineață pentru a le oferi oamenilor mai mult timp pentru exerciții. " "Dezavantajul unei sesiuni mai lungi este că participanții pot deveni foarte " "obosiți după 6 ore întregi de curs după-amiaza." #: src/running-the-course.md msgid "Before you run the course, you will want to:" msgstr "Înainte de a parcurge cursul, veți dori să:" #: src/running-the-course.md msgid "" "Make yourself familiar with the course material. We've included speaker " "notes to help highlight the key points (please help us by contributing more " "speaker notes!). When presenting, you should make sure to open the speaker " "notes in a popup (click the link with a little arrow next to \"Speaker " "Notes\"). This way you have a clean screen to present to the class." msgstr "" "Vă familiarizați cu materialul de curs. Am inclus note ale vorbitorului " "pentru a evidenția punctele cheie (vă rugăm să ne ajutați contribuind cu mai " "multe note pentru prezentare!). Atunci când prezentați, asigurați-vă că " "deschideți notele prezentatorului într-o fereastră pop-up (faceți clic pe " "link-ul cu o săgeată mică de lângă \"Speaker Notes\"). În acest fel, veți " "avea un ecran curat pentru a prezenta în fața clasei." #: src/running-the-course.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Decide on the dates. Since the course takes four days, we recommend that you " "schedule the days over two weeks. Course participants have said that they " "find it helpful to have a gap in the course since it helps them process all " "the information we give them." msgstr "" "Decideți datele. Deoarece cursul durează cel puțin trei zile întregi, vă " "recomandăm să programați zilele pe parcursul a două săptămâni. Participanții " "la curs au spus că li se pare util să existe un interval în timpul cursului, " "deoarece îi ajută să proceseze toate informațiile pe care le oferim." #: src/running-the-course.md msgid "" "Find a room large enough for your in-person participants. We recommend a " "class size of 15-25 people. That's small enough that people are comfortable " "asking questions --- it's also small enough that one instructor will have " "time to answer the questions. Make sure the room has _desks_ for yourself " "and for the students: you will all need to be able to sit and work with your " "laptops. In particular, you will be doing a lot of live-coding as an " "instructor, so a lectern won't be very helpful for you." msgstr "" "Găsiți o sală suficient de mare pentru participanții prezenți. Vă recomandăm " "o clasă de 15-25 de persoane. Este suficient de mică pentru ca oamenii să se " "simtă confortabil să pună întrebări --- este, de asemenea, suficient de mică " "pentru ca un instructor să aibă timp să răspundă la întrebări. Asigurați-vă " "că sala are _locuri/birouri pentru dumneavoastră și pentru studenți: cu " "toții veți avea nevoie să puteți sta jos și să lucrați cu laptopurile. În " "special, în calitate de instructor, veți face o mulțime de live-coding, așa " "că un pupitru nu vă va fi de mare ajutor." #: src/running-the-course.md msgid "" "On the day of your course, show up to the room a little early to set things " "up. We recommend presenting directly using `mdbook serve` running on your " "laptop (see the [installation instructions](https://github.com/google/" "comprehensive-rust#building)). This ensures optimal performance with no lag " "as you change pages. Using your laptop will also allow you to fix typos as " "you or the course participants spot them." msgstr "" "Ajungeți în sală cu suficient timp înainte pentru a pregăti totul. Vă " "recomandăm să prezentați direct folosind `mdbook serve` care rulează pe " "laptopul dumneavoastră (consultați [instrucțiuni de instalare](https://" "github.com/google/comprehensive-rust#building)). Acest lucru asigură o " "performanță optimă, fără întârzieri în timp ce schimbați paginile. Folosirea " "laptopului vă va permite, de asemenea, să corectați greșelile de tipar pe " "măsură ce dumneavoastră sau participanții la curs le descoperiți." #: src/running-the-course.md msgid "" "Let people solve the exercises by themselves or in small groups. We " "typically spend 30-45 minutes on exercises in the morning and in the " "afternoon (including time to review the solutions). Make sure to ask people " "if they're stuck or if there is anything you can help with. When you see " "that several people have the same problem, call it out to the class and " "offer a solution, e.g., by showing people where to find the relevant " "information in the standard library." msgstr "" "Lăsați participanții să rezolve exercițiile singuri sau în grupuri mici. În " "mod obișnuit, dedicăm 30-45 de minute exercițiilor dimineața și după-amiaza " "(inclusiv timpul necesar pentru revizuirea soluțiilor). Asigurați-vă că îi " "întrebați pe cursanți dacă s-au blocat sau dacă există ceva cu care îi " "puteți ajuta. Când vedeți că mai multe persoane au aceeași problemă, " "anunțați clasa și oferiți o soluție, de exemplu, arătând unde se pot găsi " "informațiile relevante în biblioteca standard." #: src/running-the-course.md msgid "" "That is all, good luck running the course! We hope it will be as much fun " "for you as it has been for us!" msgstr "" "Asta e tot, mult succes în prezentarea cursului! Sperăm că va fi la fel de " "distractiv pentru voi cum a fost pentru noi!" #: src/running-the-course.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Please [provide feedback](https://github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/" "discussions/86) afterwards so that we can keep improving the course. We " "would love to hear what worked well for you and what can be made better. " "Your students are also very welcome to [send us feedback](https://github.com/" "google/comprehensive-rust/discussions/100)!" msgstr "" "Vă rugăm să [oferiți sugestii](https://github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/" "discussions/86) după aceea, astfel încât să putem îmbunătăți cursul. Ne-ar " "plăcea să aflăm ce a funcționat bine pentru dvs. și ce poate fi îmbunătățit. " "Studenții dumneavoastră sunt, de asemenea, foarte bineveniți să [ne trimită " "feedback](https://github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/discussions/100)!" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "Rust Fundamentals" msgstr "Fundamentele Rust" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The first four days make up [Rust Fundamentals](../welcome-day-1.md). The " "days are fast paced and we cover a lot of ground!" msgstr "" "Primele trei zile alcătuiesc [Fundamentele Rust](../welcome-day-1.md). " "Zilele se desfășoară într-un ritm rapid și acoperim o mulțime de subiecte:" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md #, fuzzy msgid "Course schedule:" msgstr "Structura cursului" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "Day 1 Morning (3 hours, including breaks)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Welcome](../welcome-day-1.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Hello, World](../hello-world.md) (20 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Types and Values](../types-and-values.md) (1 hour and 5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Control Flow Basics](../control-flow-basics.md) (1 hour)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "Day 1 Afternoon (2 hours and 55 minutes, including breaks)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Tuples and Arrays](../tuples-and-arrays.md) (1 hour)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[References](../references.md) (50 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[User-Defined Types](../user-defined-types.md) (50 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "Day 2 Morning (3 hours and 5 minutes, including breaks)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Welcome](../welcome-day-2.md) (3 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md #, fuzzy msgid "[Pattern Matching](../pattern-matching.md) (50 minutes)" msgstr "" "Consultați [pattern matching](../pattern-matching.md) pentru mai multe " "detalii despre tipare în Rust." #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Methods and Traits](../methods-and-traits.md) (55 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Generics](../generics.md) (45 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md #, fuzzy msgid "Day 2 Afternoon (3 hours, including breaks)" msgstr "Ziua 2 Exerciții de după-amiază" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Standard Library Types](../std-types.md) (1 hour and 10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Standard Library Traits](../std-traits.md) (1 hour and 40 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "Day 3 Morning (2 hours and 15 minutes, including breaks)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Welcome](../welcome-day-3.md) (3 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Memory Management](../memory-management.md) (1 hour and 10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Smart Pointers](../smart-pointers.md) (45 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "Day 3 Afternoon (2 hours and 20 minutes, including breaks)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Borrowing](../borrowing.md) (1 hour)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "" "[Slices and Lifetimes](../slices-and-lifetimes.md) (1 hour and 10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "Day 4 Morning (3 hours and 5 minutes, including breaks)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Welcome](../welcome-day-4.md) (3 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Iterators](../iterators.md) (45 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Modules](../modules.md) (40 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Testing](../testing.md) (1 hour and 5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "Day 4 Afternoon (2 hours, including breaks)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Error Handling](../error-handling.md) (45 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Unsafe Rust](../unsafe-rust.md) (1 hour and 5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "Deep Dives" msgstr "Subiecte aprofundate" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "In addition to the 4-day class on Rust Fundamentals, we cover some more " "specialized topics:" msgstr "" "În plus față de cursul de 3 zile despre fundamentele Rust, abordăm câteva " "subiecte mai specializate:" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "Rust in Android" msgstr "Rust în Android" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "" "The [Rust in Android](../android.md) deep dive is a half-day course on using " "Rust for Android platform development. This includes interoperability with " "C, C++, and Java." msgstr "" "[Rust în Android](../android.md) este un curs de o jumătate de zi despre " "utilizarea Rust pentru dezvoltarea platformei Android. Acesta include " "interoperabilitatea cu C, C++ și Java." #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "" "You will need an [AOSP checkout](https://source.android.com/docs/setup/" "download/downloading). Make a checkout of the [course repository](https://" "github.com/google/comprehensive-rust) on the same machine and move the `src/" "android/` directory into the root of your AOSP checkout. This will ensure " "that the Android build system sees the `Android.bp` files in `src/android/`." msgstr "" "Veți avea nevoie de un [sursele AOSP](https://source.android.com/docs/setup/" "download/downloading). Efectuați o descărcare a [resurselor cursului]" "(https://github.com/google/comprehensive-rust) pe aceeași mașină și mutați " "directorul `src/android/` în rădăcina surselor AOSP. Acest lucru va asigura " "că sistemul de compilare Android vede fișierele `Android.bp` din `src/" "android/`." #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "" "Ensure that `adb sync` works with your emulator or real device and pre-build " "all Android examples using `src/android/build_all.sh`. Read the script to " "see the commands it runs and make sure they work when you run them by hand." msgstr "" "Asigurați-vă că `adb sync` funcționează cu emulatorul sau cu dispozitivul " "real și precompilați toate exemplele Android folosind `src/android/build_all." "sh`. Citiți scriptul pentru a vedea comenzile pe care le execută și " "asigurați-vă că acestea funcționează atunci când le executați manual." #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md #, fuzzy msgid "Rust in Chromium" msgstr "Rust în Android" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "" "The [Rust in Chromium](../chromium.md) deep dive is a half-day course on " "using Rust as part of the Chromium browser. It includes using Rust in " "Chromium's `gn` build system, bringing in third-party libraries (\"crates\") " "and C++ interoperability." msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "" "You will need to be able to build Chromium --- a debug, component build is " "[recommended](../chromium/setup.md) for speed but any build will work. " "Ensure that you can run the Chromium browser that you've built." msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "Bare-Metal Rust" msgstr "Rust direct pe placă" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "" "The [Bare-Metal Rust](../bare-metal.md) deep dive is a full day class on " "using Rust for bare-metal (embedded) development. Both microcontrollers and " "application processors are covered." msgstr "" "[Rust direct pe placă](../bare-metal.md) este un curs de o zi întreagă " "despre utilizarea Rust pentru dezvoltarea bare-metal (embedded). Sunt " "acoperite atât microcontrolerele, cât și procesoarele de aplicații." #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "" "For the microcontroller part, you will need to buy the [BBC micro:bit]" "(https://microbit.org/) v2 development board ahead of time. Everybody will " "need to install a number of packages as described on the [welcome page](../" "bare-metal.md)." msgstr "" "Pentru partea de microcontroler, va trebui să cumpărați din timp placa de " "dezvoltare [BBC micro:bit](https://microbit.org/) v2. Toată lumea va trebui " "să instaleze o serie de pachete, așa cum este descris pe [pagina de bun " "venit](../bare-metal.md)." #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "Concurrency in Rust" msgstr "Concurență în Rust" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "" "The [Concurrency in Rust](../concurrency.md) deep dive is a full day class " "on classical as well as `async`/`await` concurrency." msgstr "" "[Concurența în Rust] (../concurrency.md) este un curs de o zi întreagă " "despre concurența clasică, precum și despre concurența `async`/`await`." #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "" "You will need a fresh crate set up and the dependencies downloaded and ready " "to go. You can then copy/paste the examples into `src/main.rs` to experiment " "with them:" msgstr "" "Veți avea nevoie de un nou crate configurat și de dependențele descărcate și " "pregătite. Puteți apoi să copiați exemplele în `src/main.rs` pentru a " "experimenta cu ele:" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "Format" msgstr "Format" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "" "The course is meant to be very interactive and we recommend letting the " "questions drive the exploration of Rust!" msgstr "" "Cursul se dorește a fi foarte interactiv și vă recomandăm să lăsați " "întrebările să conducă explorarea Rust!" #: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md msgid "There are several useful keyboard shortcuts in mdBook:" msgstr "În mdBook există mai multe comenzi rapide utile de la tastatură:" #: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md msgid "Arrow-Left" msgstr "Săgeată-stânga" #: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md msgid ": Navigate to the previous page." msgstr ": Navigați la pagina anterioară." #: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md msgid "Arrow-Right" msgstr "Săgeată-dreapta" #: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md msgid ": Navigate to the next page." msgstr ": Navigați la pagina următoare." #: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md src/cargo/code-samples.md msgid "Ctrl + Enter" msgstr "Ctrl + Enter" #: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md msgid ": Execute the code sample that has focus." msgstr ": Executați mostra de cod care are focusul." #: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md msgid "s" msgstr "S" #: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md msgid ": Activate the search bar." msgstr ": Activați bara de căutare." #: src/running-the-course/translations.md msgid "" "The course has been translated into other languages by a set of wonderful " "volunteers:" msgstr "" "Cursul a fost tradus în alte limbi de către o serie de voluntari minunați:" #: src/running-the-course/translations.md msgid "" "[Brazilian Portuguese](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/pt-BR/) " "by [@rastringer](https://github.com/rastringer), [@hugojacob](https://github." "com/hugojacob), [@joaovicmendes](https://github.com/joaovicmendes), and " "[@henrif75](https://github.com/henrif75)." msgstr "" "[Braziliană portugheză](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/pt-BR/) " "de [@rastringer](https://github.com/rastringer), [@hugojacob](https://github." "com/hugojacob), [@joaovicmendes](https://github.com/joaovicmendes) și " "[@henrif75](https://github.com/henrif75)." #: src/running-the-course/translations.md msgid "" "[Chinese (Simplified)](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/zh-CN/) " "by [@suetfei](https://github.com/suetfei), [@wnghl](https://github.com/" "wnghl), [@anlunx](https://github.com/anlunx), [@kongy](https://github.com/" "kongy), [@noahdragon](https://github.com/noahdragon), [@superwhd](https://" "github.com/superwhd), [@SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK), and [@nodmp]" "(https://github.com/nodmp)." msgstr "" "[Chineză (simplificată)](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/zh-CN/) " "de [@suetfei](https://github.com/suetfei), [@wnghl](https://github.com/" "wnghl), [@anlunx](https://github.com/anlunx), [@kongy](https://github.com/" "kongy), [@noahdragon](https://github.com/noahdragon), [@superwhd](https://" "github.com/superwhd), [@SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK), și [@nodmp]" "(https://github.com/nodmp)." #: src/running-the-course/translations.md msgid "" "[Chinese (Traditional)](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/zh-TW/) " "by [@hueich](https://github.com/hueich), [@victorhsieh](https://github.com/" "victorhsieh), [@mingyc](https://github.com/mingyc), [@kuanhungchen](https://" "github.com/kuanhungchen), and [@johnathan79717](https://github.com/" "johnathan79717)." msgstr "" "[Chineză (tradițională)](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/zh-TW/) " "de [@hueich](https://github.com/hueich), [@victorhsieh](https://github.com/" "victorhsieh), [@mingyc](https://github.com/mingyc), [@kuanhungchen](https://" "github.com/kuanhungchen), și [@johnathan79717](https://github.com/" "johnathan79717)." #: src/running-the-course/translations.md msgid "" "[Korean](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/ko/) by [@keispace]" "(https://github.com/keispace), [@jiyongp](https://github.com/jiyongp), and " "[@jooyunghan](https://github.com/jooyunghan)." msgstr "" "[Coreană](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/ko/) de [@keispace]" "(https://github.com/keispace), [@jiyongp](https://github.com/jiyongp) și " "[@jooyunghan](https://github.com/jooyunghan)." #: src/running-the-course/translations.md msgid "" "[Spanish](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/es/) by [@deavid]" "(https://github.com/deavid)." msgstr "" "[Spaniolă](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/es/) de [@deavid]" "(https://github.com/deavid)." #: src/running-the-course/translations.md msgid "" "Use the language picker in the top-right corner to switch between languages." msgstr "" "Utilizați selectorul de limbă din colțul din dreapta sus pentru a comuta " "între limbi." #: src/running-the-course/translations.md msgid "Incomplete Translations" msgstr "Traduceri incomplete" #: src/running-the-course/translations.md msgid "" "There is a large number of in-progress translations. We link to the most " "recently updated translations:" msgstr "" "Există un număr mare de traduceri în curs de realizare. Iată cele mai " "recente traduceri actualizate:" #: src/running-the-course/translations.md msgid "" "[Bengali](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/bn/) by [@raselmandol]" "(https://github.com/raselmandol)." msgstr "" "[Bengaleză](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/bn/) de " "[@raselmandol](https://github.com/raselmandol)." #: src/running-the-course/translations.md msgid "" "[French](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/fr/) by [@KookaS]" "(https://github.com/KookaS) and [@vcaen](https://github.com/vcaen)." msgstr "" "[Franceză](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/fr/) de [@KookaS]" "(https://github.com/KookaS) și [@vcaen](https://github.com/vcaen)." #: src/running-the-course/translations.md msgid "" "[German](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/de/) by [@Throvn]" "(https://github.com/Throvn) and [@ronaldfw](https://github.com/ronaldfw)." msgstr "" "[Germană](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/de/) de [@Throvn]" "(https://github.com/Throvn) și [@ronaldfw](https://github.com/ronaldfw)." #: src/running-the-course/translations.md msgid "" "[Japanese](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/ja/) by [@CoinEZ-JPN]" "(https://github.com/CoinEZ) and [@momotaro1105](https://github.com/" "momotaro1105)." msgstr "" "[Japoneză](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/ja/) de [@CoinEZ-JPN]" "(https://github.com/CoinEZ) și [@momotaro1105](https://github.com/" "momotaro1105)." #: src/running-the-course/translations.md msgid "" "If you want to help with this effort, please see [our instructions](https://" "github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/blob/main/TRANSLATIONS.md) for how to " "get going. Translations are coordinated on the [issue tracker](https://" "github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/issues/282)." msgstr "" "Dacă doriți să contribuiți la acest efort, vă rugăm să consultați " "[instrucțiunile noastre](https://github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/blob/" "main/TRANSLATIONS.md) pentru a afla cum să începeți. Traducerile sunt " "coordonate pe [issue tracker](https://github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/" "issues/282)." #: src/cargo.md msgid "" "When you start reading about Rust, you will soon meet [Cargo](https://doc." "rust-lang.org/cargo/), the standard tool used in the Rust ecosystem to build " "and run Rust applications. Here we want to give a brief overview of what " "Cargo is and how it fits into the wider ecosystem and how it fits into this " "training." msgstr "" "Când începeți să citiți despre Rust, veți face cunoștință cu [Cargo](https://" "doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/), instrumentul standard utilizat în ecosistemul " "Rust pentru a construi și rula aplicații Rust. Aici dorim să oferim o scurtă " "prezentare generală a ceea ce este Cargo și a modului în care se integrează " "în ecosistemul mai larg și cum se încadrează în acest curs de formare." #: src/cargo.md msgid "Installation" msgstr "Instalare" #: src/cargo.md msgid "**Please follow the instructions on .**" msgstr "**Vă rugăm să urmați instrucțiunile de pe .**" #: src/cargo.md msgid "" "This will give you the Cargo build tool (`cargo`) and the Rust compiler " "(`rustc`). You will also get `rustup`, a command line utility that you can " "use to install to different compiler versions." msgstr "" "Astfel veți avea acces la instrumentul de compilare Cargo (`cargo`) și " "compilatorul Rust (`rustc`). De asemenea, veți obține `rustup`, un utilitar " "de linie de comandă pe care îl puteți utiliza pentru a instala la diferite " "versiuni de compilator." #: src/cargo.md msgid "" "After installing Rust, you should configure your editor or IDE to work with " "Rust. Most editors do this by talking to [rust-analyzer](https://rust-" "analyzer.github.io/), which provides auto-completion and jump-to-definition " "functionality for [VS Code](https://code.visualstudio.com/), [Emacs](https://" "rust-analyzer.github.io/manual.html#emacs), [Vim/Neovim](https://rust-" "analyzer.github.io/manual.html#vimneovim), and many others. There is also a " "different IDE available called [RustRover](https://www.jetbrains.com/rust/)." msgstr "" "După instalarea Rust, trebuie să vă configurați editorul sau IDE-ul pentru a " "lucra cu Rust. Majoritatea editorilor fac acest lucru comunicând cu [rust-" "analyzer](https://rust-analyzer.github.io/), care oferă funcționalitate de " "autocompletare și de salt la definiție pentru [VS Code](https://code." "visualstudio.com/), [Emacs](https://rust-analyzer.github.io/manual." "html#emacs), [Vim/Neovim](https://rust-analyzer.github.io/manual." "html#vimneovim) și multe altele. Există, de asemenea, un alt IDE disponibil, " "numit [RustRover](https://www.jetbrains.com/rust/)." #: src/cargo.md msgid "" "On Debian/Ubuntu, you can also install Cargo, the Rust source and the [Rust " "formatter](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustfmt) via `apt`. However, this " "gets you an outdated rust version and may lead to unexpected behavior. The " "command would be:" msgstr "" "Pe Debian/Ubuntu, puteți instala, de asemenea, Cargo, sursele Rust și " "[instrumentul de formatare Rust](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustfmt) prin " "`apt`. Dar veți avea acces la o versiune Rust învechită care poate duce la " "un comportament neașteptat. Comanda ar fi:" #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "The Rust Ecosystem" msgstr "Ecosistemul Rust" #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "" "The Rust ecosystem consists of a number of tools, of which the main ones are:" msgstr "" "Ecosistemul Rust este format dintr-un număr de instrumente, dintre care " "principalele sunt:" #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "" "`rustc`: the Rust compiler which turns `.rs` files into binaries and other " "intermediate formats." msgstr "" "`rustc`: compilatorul Rust care transformă fișierele `.rs` în fișiere binare " "și alte formate intermediare." #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "" "`cargo`: the Rust dependency manager and build tool. Cargo knows how to " "download dependencies, usually hosted on , and it will " "pass them to `rustc` when building your project. Cargo also comes with a " "built-in test runner which is used to execute unit tests." msgstr "" "`cargo`: managerul de dependențe Rust și instrumentul de construcție. Cargo " "știe cum să descarce dependențele, de obicei găzduite pe , și le va transmite la `rustc` atunci când vă construiți proiectul. " "Cargo vine, de asemenea, cu un instrument de rulat testele încorporat care " "este folosit pentru a executa testele unitare." #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`rustup`: the Rust toolchain installer and updater. This tool is used to " "install and update `rustc` and `cargo` when new versions of Rust are " "released. In addition, `rustup` can also download documentation for the " "standard library. You can have multiple versions of Rust installed at once " "and `rustup` will let you switch between them as needed." msgstr "" "`rustup`: programul de instalare și actualizare a lanțului de instrumente " "Rust. Acest instrument este utilizat pentru a instala și actualiza `rustc` " "și `cargo` atunci când sunt lansate noi versiuni de Rust. În plus, `rustup` " "poate descărca și documentația pentru biblioteca standard. Puteți avea mai " "multe versiuni de Rust instalate în același timp, iar `rustup` vă va permite " "să treceți de la una la alta în funcție de necesități." #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md src/hello-world/hello-world.md #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md src/references/exclusive.md #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md src/memory-management/move.md #: src/error-handling/try.md src/android/setup.md src/concurrency/threads.md #: src/async/async-await.md msgid "Key points:" msgstr "Puncte-cheie:" #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "" "Rust has a rapid release schedule with a new release coming out every six " "weeks. New releases maintain backwards compatibility with old releases --- " "plus they enable new functionality." msgstr "" "Rust are un program de actualizare rapidă, cu o nouă versiune la fiecare " "șase săptămâni. Noile versiuni mențin compatibilitatea cu versiunile vechi " "și adaugă noi funcționalități." #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "" "There are three release channels: \"stable\", \"beta\", and \"nightly\"." msgstr "" "Există trei canale de actualizare: \"stable\", \"beta\" și \"nightly\"." #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "" "New features are being tested on \"nightly\", \"beta\" is what becomes " "\"stable\" every six weeks." msgstr "" "Noile caracteristici sunt testate pe \"nightly\", \"beta\" este ceea ce " "devine \"stabil\" la fiecare șase săptămâni." #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "" "Dependencies can also be resolved from alternative [registries](https://doc." "rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/registries.html), git, folders, and more." msgstr "" "De asemenea, dependențele pot fi rezolvate din [registre](https://doc.rust-" "lang.org/cargo/reference/registries.html) alternative, git, dosare și altele." #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "" "Rust also has [editions](https://doc.rust-lang.org/edition-guide/): the " "current edition is Rust 2021. Previous editions were Rust 2015 and Rust 2018." msgstr "" "Rust are, de asemenea, [ediții](https://doc.rust-lang.org/edition-guide/): " "ediția curentă este Rust 2021. Edițiile anterioare au fost Rust 2015 și Rust " "2018." #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "" "The editions are allowed to make backwards incompatible changes to the " "language." msgstr "" "Noile edițiile au dreptul de a face modificări ale limbajului incompatibile " "cu versiuni mai vechi." #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "" "To prevent breaking code, editions are opt-in: you select the edition for " "your crate via the `Cargo.toml` file." msgstr "" "Pentru a preveni stricarea codului, edițiile sunt opționale: selectați " "ediția pentru crate-ul dumneavoastră prin intermediul fișierului `Cargo." "toml`." #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "" "To avoid splitting the ecosystem, Rust compilers can mix code written for " "different editions." msgstr "" "Pentru a evita divizarea ecosistemului, compilatoarele Rust pot amesteca " "coduri scrise pentru ediții diferite." #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "" "Mention that it is quite rare to ever use the compiler directly not through " "`cargo` (most users never do)." msgstr "" "Menționăm că este destul de rar să folosiți compilatorul direct și nu prin " "`cargo` (majoritatea utilizatorilor nu o fac niciodată)." #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "It might be worth alluding that Cargo itself is an extremely powerful and " "comprehensive tool. It is capable of many advanced features including but " "not limited to:" msgstr "" "Este util să menționăm că Cargo în sine este un instrument extrem de " "puternic și cuprinzător. Acesta are multe caracteristici avansate, " "incluzând: " #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "Project/package structure" msgstr "Structura proiectului/pachetului" #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "[workspaces](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/workspaces.html)" msgstr "" "[spații de lucru](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/workspaces.html)" #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "Dev Dependencies and Runtime Dependency management/caching" msgstr "" "Gestionarea/arhivarea dependențelor de dezvoltare și a dependențelor de timp " "de execuție" #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "" "[build scripting](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/build-scripts." "html)" msgstr "" "[scripturile de build](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/build-" "scripts.html)" #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "" "[global installation](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/commands/cargo-install." "html)" msgstr "" "[instalarea globală](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/commands/cargo-install." "html)" #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "" "It is also extensible with sub command plugins as well (such as [cargo " "clippy](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-clippy))." msgstr "" "Este, de asemenea, extensibil cu pluginuri de subcomandă (cum ar fi [cargo " "clippy](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-clippy))." #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "" "Read more from the [official Cargo Book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/)" msgstr "" "Citiți mai multe din [cartea oficială Cargo](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" "cargo/)" #: src/cargo/code-samples.md msgid "Code Samples in This Training" msgstr "Exemple de cod în aceast curs" #: src/cargo/code-samples.md msgid "" "For this training, we will mostly explore the Rust language through examples " "which can be executed through your browser. This makes the setup much easier " "and ensures a consistent experience for everyone." msgstr "" "În cadrul acestui curs, vom explora limbajul Rust în principal prin exemple " "care pot fi executate prin intermediul browserului dumneavoastră. Acest " "lucru face configurarea mult mai ușoară și asigură o experiență coerentă " "pentru toată lumea." #: src/cargo/code-samples.md msgid "" "Installing Cargo is still encouraged: it will make it easier for you to do " "the exercises. On the last day, we will do a larger exercise which shows you " "how to work with dependencies and for that you need Cargo." msgstr "" "Instalarea Cargo este în continuare încurajată: vă va fi mai ușor să faceți " "exercițiile. În ultima zi, vom face un exercițiu mai amplu care vă va arăta " "cum să lucrați cu dependențele și pentru care aveți nevoie de Cargo." #: src/cargo/code-samples.md msgid "The code blocks in this course are fully interactive:" msgstr "Blocurile de cod din acest curs sunt complet interactive:" #: src/cargo/code-samples.md src/cargo/running-locally.md msgid "\"Edit me!\"" msgstr "" #: src/cargo/code-samples.md msgid "You can use " msgstr "Puteți utiliza " #: src/cargo/code-samples.md msgid " to execute the code when focus is in the text box." msgstr " pentru a executa codul atunci când focusul se află în caseta de text." #: src/cargo/code-samples.md msgid "" "Most code samples are editable like shown above. A few code samples are not " "editable for various reasons:" msgstr "" "Majoritatea mostrelor de cod sunt editabile, așa cum se arată mai sus. " "Câteva mostre de cod nu sunt editabile din diverse motive:" #: src/cargo/code-samples.md msgid "" "The embedded playgrounds cannot execute unit tests. Copy-paste the code and " "open it in the real Playground to demonstrate unit tests." msgstr "" "Zonele de încercare încorporate nu pot executa teste unitare. Copiați și " "lipiți codul și deschideți-l în locul de zona de lucru locală pentru a " "demonstra testele unitare." #: src/cargo/code-samples.md msgid "" "The embedded playgrounds lose their state the moment you navigate away from " "the page! This is the reason that the students should solve the exercises " "using a local Rust installation or via the Playground." msgstr "" "Zonele de încercare încorporate își pierd starea în momentul în care " "navigați în afara paginii! Acesta este motivul pentru care elevii trebuie să " "rezolve exercițiile folosind o instalare locală de Rust sau prin intermediul " "zonei de încercare." #: src/cargo/running-locally.md msgid "Running Code Locally with Cargo" msgstr "Rularea codului la nivel local cu Cargo" #: src/cargo/running-locally.md msgid "" "If you want to experiment with the code on your own system, then you will " "need to first install Rust. Do this by following the [instructions in the " "Rust Book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch01-01-installation.html). This " "should give you a working `rustc` and `cargo`. At the time of writing, the " "latest stable Rust release has these version numbers:" msgstr "" "Dacă doriți să experimentați cu codul pe propriul sistem, va trebui să " "instalați mai întâi Rust. Faceți acest lucru urmând [instrucțiunile din " "Cartea Rust](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch01-01-installation.html). Veți " "avea astfel un `rustc` și un `cargo` funcțional. La momentul scrierii " "acestui articol, cea mai recentă versiune stabilă Rust are versiunea:" #: src/cargo/running-locally.md msgid "" "You can use any later version too since Rust maintains backwards " "compatibility." msgstr "" "Puteți utiliza și orice versiune ulterioară, deoarece Rust păstrează " "compatibilitatea cu versiunile anterioare." #: src/cargo/running-locally.md msgid "" "With this in place, follow these steps to build a Rust binary from one of " "the examples in this training:" msgstr "" "Ulterior urmați acești pași pentru a construi un binar Rust din unul dintre " "exemplele din acest curs de instruire:" #: src/cargo/running-locally.md msgid "Click the \"Copy to clipboard\" button on the example you want to copy." msgstr "" "Apăsați pe butonul \"Copy to clipboard\" (Copiere în clipboard) al " "exemplului pe care doriți să îl copiați." #: src/cargo/running-locally.md msgid "" "Use `cargo new exercise` to create a new `exercise/` directory for your code:" msgstr "" "Utilizați `cargo new exercise` pentru a crea un nou director `exercise/` " "pentru codul dumneavoastră:" #: src/cargo/running-locally.md msgid "" "Navigate into `exercise/` and use `cargo run` to build and run your binary:" msgstr "" "Navigați în `exercise/` și folosiți `cargo run` pentru a construi și rula " "binarul dumneavoastră:" #: src/cargo/running-locally.md msgid "" "Replace the boiler-plate code in `src/main.rs` with your own code. For " "example, using the example on the previous page, make `src/main.rs` look like" msgstr "" "Înlocuiți codul generic din `src/main.rs` cu propriul cod. De exemplu, " "folosind exemplul de pe pagina anterioară, faceți`src/main.rs` să arate " "astfel" #: src/cargo/running-locally.md msgid "Use `cargo run` to build and run your updated binary:" msgstr "Utilizați `cargo run` pentru a construi și rula binarul actualizat:" #: src/cargo/running-locally.md msgid "" "Use `cargo check` to quickly check your project for errors, use `cargo " "build` to compile it without running it. You will find the output in `target/" "debug/` for a normal debug build. Use `cargo build --release` to produce an " "optimized release build in `target/release/`." msgstr "" "Folosiți `cargo check` pentru a verifica rapid dacă proiectul dumneavoastră " "are erori, folosiți `cargo build` pentru a-l compila fără a-l rula. Veți " "găsi rezultatul în `target/debug/` pentru o compilare normală de depanare. " "Folosiți `cargo build --release` pentru a produce o compilare optimizată de " "lansare în `target/release/`." #: src/cargo/running-locally.md msgid "" "You can add dependencies for your project by editing `Cargo.toml`. When you " "run `cargo` commands, it will automatically download and compile missing " "dependencies for you." msgstr "" "Puteți adăuga dependențe pentru proiectul dumneavoastră prin editarea `Cargo." "toml`. Când executați comenzile `cargo`, acesta va descărca și compila " "automat dependențele lipsă pentru dumneavoastră." #: src/cargo/running-locally.md msgid "" "Try to encourage the class participants to install Cargo and use a local " "editor. It will make their life easier since they will have a normal " "development environment." msgstr "" "Încercați să încurajați participanții la curs să instaleze Cargo și să " "utilizeze un editor local. Acest lucru le va face viața mai ușoară, deoarece " "vor avea un mediu de dezvoltare normal." #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "Welcome to Day 1" msgstr "Bine ați venit la Ziua 1" #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "" "This is the first day of Rust Fundamentals. We will cover a lot of ground " "today:" msgstr "" "Aceasta este prima zi a cursului Rust Fundamentals. Vom acoperi o mulțime de " "subiecte astăzi:" #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "" "Basic Rust syntax: variables, scalar and compound types, enums, structs, " "references, functions, and methods." msgstr "" "Sintaxa de bază Rust: variabile, tipuri scalare și compuse, enumerații, " "structuri, referințe, funcții și metode." #: src/welcome-day-1.md #, fuzzy msgid "Types and type inference." msgstr "inferența de tip:" #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "Control flow constructs: loops, conditionals, and so on." msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "User-defined types: structs and enums." msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "Pattern matching: destructuring enums, structs, and arrays." msgstr "" "Găsirea de tipare: destructurarea enumerațiilor, structurilor și a " "tablourilor." #: src/welcome-day-1.md src/welcome-day-2.md src/welcome-day-3.md #: src/welcome-day-4.md msgid "Schedule" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-1.md src/welcome-day-1-afternoon.md src/welcome-day-2.md #: src/welcome-day-2-afternoon.md src/welcome-day-3.md #: src/welcome-day-3-afternoon.md src/welcome-day-4.md #: src/welcome-day-4-afternoon.md msgid "In this session:" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "[Welcome](./welcome-day-1.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "[Hello, World](./hello-world.md) (20 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "[Types and Values](./types-and-values.md) (1 hour and 5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "[Control Flow Basics](./control-flow-basics.md) (1 hour)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-1.md src/welcome-day-2-afternoon.md msgid "Including 10 minute breaks, this session should take about 3 hours" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "Please remind the students that:" msgstr "Vă rugăm să le reamintiți cursanților că:" #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "" "They should ask questions when they get them, don't save them to the end." msgstr "" "Ar trebui să pună întrebări atunci când le primesc, nu să le lase pentru " "final." #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "" "The class is meant to be interactive and discussions are very much " "encouraged!" msgstr "" "Clasa se dorește a fi interactivă, iar discuțiile sunt foarte încurajate!" #: src/welcome-day-1.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "As an instructor, you should try to keep the discussions relevant, i.e., " "keep the discussions related to how Rust does things vs some other language. " "It can be hard to find the right balance, but err on the side of allowing " "discussions since they engage people much more than one-way communication." msgstr "" "În calitate de instructor, ar trebui să încercați să păstrați discuțiile " "relevante, adică să păstrați discuțiile legate de modul în care Rust face " "lucrurile în comparație cu un alt limbaj. Poate fi greu să găsiți " "echilibrul potrivit, dar e de preferat să permiteți discuțiile, deoarece " "acestea antrenează oamenii mult mai mult decât comunicarea unidirecțională." #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "" "The questions will likely mean that we talk about things ahead of the slides." msgstr "" "Întrebările vor însemna probabil că vom vorbi despre lucruri înainte de " "prezentarea slide-urilor." #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "" "This is perfectly okay! Repetition is an important part of learning. " "Remember that the slides are just a support and you are free to skip them as " "you like." msgstr "" "Acest lucru este perfect în regulă! Repetiția este o parte importantă a " "învățării. Nu uitați că diapozitivele sunt doar un suport și că sunteți " "liberi să le săriți după cum doriți." #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "" "The idea for the first day is to show the \"basic\" things in Rust that " "should have immediate parallels in other languages. The more advanced parts " "of Rust come on the subsequent days." msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "" "If you're teaching this in a classroom, this is a good place to go over the " "schedule. Note that there is an exercise at the end of each segment, " "followed by a break. Plan to cover the exercise solution after the break. " "The times listed here are a suggestion in order to keep the course on " "schedule. Feel free to be flexible and adjust as necessary!" msgstr "" #: src/hello-world.md src/types-and-values.md src/control-flow-basics.md #: src/tuples-and-arrays.md src/references.md src/user-defined-types.md #: src/pattern-matching.md src/methods-and-traits.md src/generics.md #: src/std-types.md src/std-traits.md src/memory-management.md #: src/smart-pointers.md src/borrowing.md src/slices-and-lifetimes.md #: src/iterators.md src/modules.md src/testing.md src/error-handling.md #: src/unsafe-rust.md msgid "In this segment:" msgstr "" #: src/hello-world.md msgid "[What is Rust?](./hello-world/what-is-rust.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/hello-world.md msgid "[Hello, World](./hello-world/hello-world.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/hello-world.md msgid "[Benefits of Rust](./hello-world/benefits.md) (3 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/hello-world.md msgid "[Playground](./hello-world/playground.md) (2 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/hello-world.md msgid "This segment should take about 20 minutes" msgstr "" #: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md msgid "" "Rust is a new programming language which had its [1.0 release in 2015]" "(https://blog.rust-lang.org/2015/05/15/Rust-1.0.html):" msgstr "" "Rust este un nou limbaj de programare care a avut [versiunea 1.0 în 2015]" "(https://blog.rust-lang.org/2015/05/15/Rust-1.0.html):" #: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md msgid "Rust is a statically compiled language in a similar role as C++" msgstr "Rust este un limbaj compilat static, cu un rol similar cu C++" #: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md msgid "`rustc` uses LLVM as its backend." msgstr "`rustc` folosește LLVM ca backend." #: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md msgid "" "Rust supports many [platforms and architectures](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" "nightly/rustc/platform-support.html):" msgstr "" "Rust suportă multe [platforme și arhitecturi](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" "nightly/rustc/platform-support.html):" #: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md msgid "x86, ARM, WebAssembly, ..." msgstr "x86, ARM, WebAssembly, ..." #: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md msgid "Linux, Mac, Windows, ..." msgstr "Linux, Mac, Windows, ..." #: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md msgid "Rust is used for a wide range of devices:" msgstr "Rust este utilizat pentru o gamă largă de dispozitive:" #: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md msgid "firmware and boot loaders," msgstr "firmware și boot leaders," #: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md msgid "smart displays," msgstr "ecrane inteligente," #: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md msgid "mobile phones," msgstr "telefoane mobile," #: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md msgid "desktops," msgstr "desktop-uri," #: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md msgid "servers." msgstr "servere." #: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md msgid "Rust fits in the same area as C++:" msgstr "Rust se încadrează în aceeași zonă ca și C++:" #: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md msgid "High flexibility." msgstr "Flexibilitate ridicată." #: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md msgid "High level of control." msgstr "Nivel ridicat de control." #: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md msgid "" "Can be scaled down to very constrained devices such as microcontrollers." msgstr "" "Poate fi redus pentru a rula pe dispozitive foarte limitate, cum ar fi " "microcontrolerele." #: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md msgid "Has no runtime or garbage collection." msgstr "Nu are nevoie de mediu de execuție și nici de colectare de gunoi." #: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md msgid "Focuses on reliability and safety without sacrificing performance." msgstr "" "Se concentrează pe fiabilitate și siguranță fără a sacrifica performanța." #: src/hello-world/hello-world.md msgid "" "Let us jump into the simplest possible Rust program, a classic Hello World " "program:" msgstr "" "Să trecem la cel mai simplu program Rust posibil, un program clasic Bună " "Lume:" #: src/hello-world/hello-world.md msgid "\"Hello 🌍!\"" msgstr "" #: src/hello-world/hello-world.md msgid "What you see:" msgstr "Ce vedeți:" #: src/hello-world/hello-world.md msgid "Functions are introduced with `fn`." msgstr "Funcțiile sunt introduse cu `fn`." #: src/hello-world/hello-world.md msgid "Blocks are delimited by curly braces like in C and C++." msgstr "Blocurile sunt delimitate prin paranteze curbe, ca în C și C++." #: src/hello-world/hello-world.md msgid "The `main` function is the entry point of the program." msgstr "Funcția `main` este punctul de intrare al programului." #: src/hello-world/hello-world.md msgid "Rust has hygienic macros, `println!` is an example of this." msgstr "Rust are macro-uri igienice, `println!` este un exemplu în acest sens." #: src/hello-world/hello-world.md msgid "Rust strings are UTF-8 encoded and can contain any Unicode character." msgstr "" "Șirurile de caractere Rust sunt codificate UTF-8 și pot conține orice " "caracter Unicode." #: src/hello-world/hello-world.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "This slide tries to make the students comfortable with Rust code. They will " "see a ton of it over the next four days so we start small with something " "familiar." msgstr "" "Acest diapozitiv încearcă să îi facă pe cursanți să se simtă confortabil cu " "codul Rust. Ei vor vedea o mulțime de astfel de fișiere în următoarele trei " "zile, așa că vom începe cu ceva familiar." #: src/hello-world/hello-world.md msgid "" "Rust is very much like other languages in the C/C++/Java tradition. It is " "imperative and it doesn't try to reinvent things unless absolutely necessary." msgstr "" "Rust se aseamănă foarte mult cu alte limbaje de genul C/C++/Java. Este " "imperativ și nu încearcă să reinventeze lucrurile decât dacă este absolut " "necesar." #: src/hello-world/hello-world.md msgid "Rust is modern with full support for things like Unicode." msgstr "Rust este modern, cu suport complet pentru lucruri precum Unicode." #: src/hello-world/hello-world.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust uses macros for situations where you want to have a variable number of " "arguments (no function [overloading](../control-flow-basics/functions.md))." msgstr "" "Rust folosește macrocomenzi pentru situațiile în care doriți să aveți un " "număr variabil de argumente (fără [supraîncărcare](basic-syntax/functions-" "interlude.md) de funcții )." #: src/hello-world/hello-world.md msgid "" "Macros being 'hygienic' means they don't accidentally capture identifiers " "from the scope they are used in. Rust macros are actually only [partially " "hygienic](https://veykril.github.io/tlborm/decl-macros/minutiae/hygiene." "html)." msgstr "" "Fiind \"igienice\", macrourile înseamnă că nu captează accidental " "identificatori din domeniul de aplicare în care sunt utilizate. Macro-urile " "Rust sunt de fapt doar [parțial igienice](https://veykril.github.io/tlborm/" "decl-macros/minutiae/hygiene.html)." #: src/hello-world/hello-world.md msgid "" "Rust is multi-paradigm. For example, it has powerful [object-oriented " "programming features](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch17-00-oop.html), and, " "while it is not a functional language, it includes a range of [functional " "concepts](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch13-00-functional-features.html)." msgstr "" "Rust este multi-paradigmă. De exemplu, are [caracteristici puternice de " "programare orientată pe obiecte](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch17-00-oop." "html) și, deși nu este un limbaj funcțional, include o serie de [concepte " "funcționale](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch13-00-functional-features." "html)." #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "Some unique selling points of Rust:" msgstr "Câteva caracteristici ale Rust:" #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "" "_Compile time memory safety_ - whole classes of memory bugs are prevented at " "compile time" msgstr "" #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "No uninitialized variables." msgstr "Nu există variabile neinițializate." #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "No double-frees." msgstr "Nu există eliberări duble de memorie." #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "No use-after-free." msgstr "Nu se utilizează după eliberare." #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "No `NULL` pointers." msgstr "Nu există pointeri `NULL`." #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "No forgotten locked mutexes." msgstr "Nu s-au uitat mutexuri blocate." #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "No data races between threads." msgstr "Nu există concurență la date între firele de execuție." #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "No iterator invalidation." msgstr "Nu sunt invalidări ale iteratorilor." #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "" "_No undefined runtime behavior_ - what a Rust statement does is never left " "unspecified" msgstr "" #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "Array access is bounds checked." msgstr "Accesul la matrice este verificat în funcție de limite." #: src/hello-world/benefits.md #, fuzzy msgid "Integer overflow is defined (panic or wrap-around)." msgstr "Este definită depășirea numărului întreg (panică sau wrap-around)." #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "" "_Modern language features_ - as expressive and ergonomic as higher-level " "languages" msgstr "" #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "Enums and pattern matching." msgstr "Enums și găsirea de modele." #: src/hello-world/benefits.md #, fuzzy msgid "Generics." msgstr "Generice." #: src/hello-world/benefits.md #, fuzzy msgid "No overhead FFI." msgstr "Fără costuri suplimentare FFI." #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "Zero-cost abstractions." msgstr "Abstracții fără costuri." #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "Great compiler errors." msgstr "Erorile de compilare importante." #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "Built-in dependency manager." msgstr "Manager de dependențe încorporat." #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "Built-in support for testing." msgstr "Suport pentru testare încorporat." #: src/hello-world/benefits.md #, fuzzy msgid "Excellent Language Server Protocol support." msgstr "Suport excelent pentru protocolul serverului de limbă." #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "" "Do not spend much time here. All of these points will be covered in more " "depth later." msgstr "" #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "" "Make sure to ask the class which languages they have experience with. " "Depending on the answer you can highlight different features of Rust:" msgstr "" "Nu uitați să întrebați elevii din clasă cu ce limbaje au experiență. În " "funcție de răspuns, puteți evidenția diferite caracteristici ale Rust:" #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "" "Experience with C or C++: Rust eliminates a whole class of _runtime errors_ " "via the borrow checker. You get performance like in C and C++, but you don't " "have the memory unsafety issues. In addition, you get a modern language with " "constructs like pattern matching and built-in dependency management." msgstr "" "Experiență cu C sau C++: Rust elimină o întreagă clasă de erori de execuție " "prin intermediul verificatorului de împrumuturi. Obțineți performanțe ca în " "C și C++, dar nu aveți probleme de nesiguranță a memoriei. În plus, obțineți " "un limbaj modern, cu construcții precum șabloane de potrivire și gestionarea " "integrată a dependențelor." #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "" "Experience with Java, Go, Python, JavaScript...: You get the same memory " "safety as in those languages, plus a similar high-level language feeling. In " "addition you get fast and predictable performance like C and C++ (no garbage " "collector) as well as access to low-level hardware (should you need it)" msgstr "" "Experiență cu Java, Go, Python, JavaScript...: Obțineți aceeași siguranță a " "memoriei ca în aceste limbaje, plus o senzație similară de limbaj de nivel " "înalt. În plus, obțineți performanțe rapide și previzibile ca în C și C++ " "(fără colector de memorie), precum și acces la hardware de nivel scăzut " "(dacă aveți nevoie)" #: src/hello-world/playground.md msgid "" "The [Rust Playground](https://play.rust-lang.org/) provides an easy way to " "run short Rust programs, and is the basis for the examples and exercises in " "this course. Try running the \"hello-world\" program it starts with. It " "comes with a few handy features:" msgstr "" #: src/hello-world/playground.md msgid "" "Under \"Tools\", use the `rustfmt` option to format your code in the " "\"standard\" way." msgstr "" #: src/hello-world/playground.md msgid "" "Rust has two main \"profiles\" for generating code: Debug (extra runtime " "checks, less optimization) and Release (fewer runtime checks, lots of " "optimization). These are accessible under \"Debug\" at the top." msgstr "" #: src/hello-world/playground.md msgid "" "If you're interested, use \"ASM\" under \"...\" to see the generated " "assembly code." msgstr "" #: src/hello-world/playground.md msgid "" "As students head into the break, encourage them to open up the playground " "and experiment a little. Encourage them to keep the tab open and try things " "out during the rest of the course. This is particularly helpful for advanced " "students who want to know more about Rust's optimizations or generated " "assembly." msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values.md msgid "[Variables](./types-and-values/variables.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values.md msgid "[Values](./types-and-values/values.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values.md msgid "[Arithmetic](./types-and-values/arithmetic.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values.md msgid "[Strings](./types-and-values/strings.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values.md msgid "[Type Inference](./types-and-values/inference.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values.md msgid "[Exercise: Fibonacci](./types-and-values/exercise.md) (30 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values.md src/testing.md src/unsafe-rust.md msgid "This segment should take about 1 hour and 5 minutes" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/variables.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust provides type safety via static typing. Variable bindings are made with " "`let`:" msgstr "" "Rust oferă siguranță de tip prin intermediul tipizării statice. Legăturile " "variabilelor sunt imuabile în mod implicit:" #: src/types-and-values/variables.md src/control-flow-basics/loops.md #: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md #: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md msgid "\"x: {x}\"" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/variables.md msgid "" "// x = 20;\n" " // println!(\"x: {x}\");\n" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/variables.md msgid "" "Uncomment the `x = 20` to demonstrate that variables are immutable by " "default. Add the `mut` keyword to allow changes." msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/variables.md msgid "" "The `i32` here is the type of the variable. This must be known at compile " "time, but type inference (covered later) allows the programmer to omit it in " "many cases." msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "" "Here are some basic built-in types, and the syntax for literal values of " "each type." msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/values.md src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md msgid "Types" msgstr "Tipuri" #: src/types-and-values/values.md src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md #, fuzzy msgid "Literals" msgstr "Literale" #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "Signed integers" msgstr "Numere întregi cu semn" #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "`i8`, `i16`, `i32`, `i64`, `i128`, `isize`" msgstr "`i8`, `i16`, `i32`, `i64`, `i128`, `isize`" #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "`-10`, `0`, `1_000`, `123_i64`" msgstr "`-10`, `0`, `1_000`, `123_i64`" #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "Unsigned integers" msgstr "Întregi fără semn" #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "`u8`, `u16`, `u32`, `u64`, `u128`, `usize`" msgstr "`u8`, `u16`, `u32`, `u64`, `u128`, `usize`" #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "`0`, `123`, `10_u16`" msgstr "`0`, `123`, `10_u16`" #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "Floating point numbers" msgstr "Numere în virgulă mobilă" #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "`f32`, `f64`" msgstr "`f32`, `f64`" #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "`3.14`, `-10.0e20`, `2_f32`" msgstr "`3.14`, `-10.0e20`, `2_f32`" #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "Unicode scalar values" msgstr "Valori scalare Unicode" #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "`char`" msgstr "`char`" #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "`'a'`, `'α'`, `'∞'`" msgstr "`'a'`, `'α'`, `'∞'`" #: src/types-and-values/values.md #, fuzzy msgid "Booleans" msgstr "Booleeni" #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "`bool`" msgstr "`bool`" #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "`true`, `false`" msgstr "`true`, `false`" #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "The types have widths as follows:" msgstr "Tipurile au lungimi după cum urmează:" #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "`iN`, `uN`, and `fN` are _N_ bits wide," msgstr "`iN`, `uN`, și `fN` au o lungime de _N_ biți," #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "`isize` and `usize` are the width of a pointer," msgstr "`isize` și `usize` reprezintă lungimea unui pointer," #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "`char` is 32 bits wide," msgstr "`char` are o lungime de 32 de biți," #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "`bool` is 8 bits wide." msgstr "`bool` are o lungime de 8 biți." #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "There are a few syntaxes which are not shown above:" msgstr "Există câteva elemente de sintaxă care nu sunt prezentate mai sus:" #: src/types-and-values/values.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "All underscores in numbers can be left out, they are for legibility only. So " "`1_000` can be written as `1000` (or `10_00`), and `123_i64` can be written " "as `123i64`." msgstr "" "Toate sublinierile din numere pot fi omise, ele sunt doar pentru " "lizibilitate. Astfel, `1_000` poate fi scris ca `1000` (sau `10_00`), iar " "`123_i64` poate fi scris ca `123i64`." #: src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md msgid "\"result: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md msgid "" "This is the first time we've seen a function other than `main`, but the " "meaning should be clear: it takes three integers, and returns an integer. " "Functions will be covered in more detail later." msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md msgid "Arithmetic is very similar to other languages, with similar precedence." msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md msgid "" "What about integer overflow? In C and C++ overflow of _signed_ integers is " "actually undefined, and might do different things on different platforms or " "compilers. In Rust, it's defined." msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md msgid "" "Change the `i32`'s to `i16` to see an integer overflow, which panics " "(checked) in a debug build and wraps in a release build. There are other " "options, such as overflowing, saturating, and carrying. These are accessed " "with method syntax, e.g., `(a * b).saturating_add(b * c).saturating_add(c * " "a)`." msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md msgid "" "In fact, the compiler will detect overflow of constant expressions, which is " "why the example requires a separate function." msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/strings.md msgid "" "Rust has two types to represent strings, both of which will be covered in " "more depth later. Both _always_ store UTF-8 encoded strings." msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/strings.md #, fuzzy msgid "`String` - a modifiable, owned string." msgstr "`String` un buffer de șir de caractere mutabil." #: src/types-and-values/strings.md msgid "`&str` - a read-only string. String literals have this type." msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/strings.md msgid "\"Greetings\"" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/strings.md msgid "\"🪐\"" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/strings.md msgid "\", \"" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/strings.md msgid "\"final sentence: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/strings.md src/async/control-flow/join.md msgid "\"{:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/strings.md msgid "//println!(\"{:?}\", &sentence[12..13]);\n" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/strings.md msgid "" "This slide introduces strings. Everything here will be covered in more depth " "later, but this is enough for subsequent slides and exercises to use strings." msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/strings.md msgid "Invalid UTF-8 in a string is UB, and this not allowed in safe Rust." msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/strings.md msgid "" "`String` is a user-defined type with a constructor (`::new()`) and methods " "like `s.push_str(..)`." msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/strings.md msgid "" "The `&` in `&str` indicates that this is a reference. We will cover " "references later, so for now just think of `&str` as a unit meaning \"a read-" "only string\"." msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/strings.md msgid "" "The commented-out line is indexing into the string by byte position. " "`12..13` does not end on a character boundary, so the program panics. Adjust " "it to a range that does, based on the error message." msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/strings.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Raw strings allow you to create a `&str` value with escapes disabled: " "`r\"\\n\" == \"\\\\n\"`. You can embed double-quotes by using an equal " "amount of `#` on either side of the quotes:" msgstr "" "Șirurile brute de caractere vă permit să creați o valoare `&str` cu " "scăpările dezactivate: `r\"\\n\" == \"\\n\"`. Puteți încorpora ghilimele " "duble folosind o cantitate egală de `#` de o parte și de alta a ghilimelelor:" #: src/types-and-values/inference.md #, fuzzy msgid "Rust will look at how the variable is _used_ to determine the type:" msgstr "" "Rust se va uita la modul în care variabila este _utilizată_ pentru a " "determina tipul:" #: src/types-and-values/inference.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "This slide demonstrates how the Rust compiler infers types based on " "constraints given by variable declarations and usages." msgstr "" "Acest diapozitiv demonstrează modul în care compilatorul Rust deduce " "tipurile pe baza constrângerilor date de declarațiile și utilizările " "variabilelor." #: src/types-and-values/inference.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "It is very important to emphasize that variables declared like this are not " "of some sort of dynamic \"any type\" that can hold any data. The machine " "code generated by such declaration is identical to the explicit declaration " "of a type. The compiler does the job for us and helps us write more concise " "code." msgstr "" "Este foarte important să subliniem că variabilele declarate astfel nu sunt " "de un fel de \"orice tip\" dinamic care poate conține orice date. Codul " "mașină generat de o astfel de declarație este identic cu declarația " "explicită a unui tip. Compilatorul își face treaba în locul nostru și ne " "ajută să scriem un cod mai concis." #: src/types-and-values/inference.md msgid "" "When nothing constrains the type of an integer literal, Rust defaults to " "`i32`. This sometimes appears as `{integer}` in error messages. Similarly, " "floating-point literals default to `f64`." msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/inference.md msgid "// ERROR: no implementation for `{float} == {integer}`\n" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/exercise.md msgid "" "The first and second Fibonacci numbers are both `1`. For n>2, the n'th " "Fibonacci number is calculated recursively as the sum of the n-1'th and " "n-2'th Fibonacci numbers." msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/exercise.md msgid "" "Write a function `fib(n)` that calculates the n'th Fibonacci number. When " "will this function panic?" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/exercise.md msgid "// The base case.\n" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/exercise.md src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"Implement this\"" msgstr "Implementare" #: src/types-and-values/exercise.md msgid "// The recursive case.\n" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/exercise.md src/types-and-values/solution.md msgid "\"fib(n) = {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics.md msgid "[Conditionals](./control-flow-basics/conditionals.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics.md msgid "[Loops](./control-flow-basics/loops.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics.md msgid "" "[break and continue](./control-flow-basics/break-continue.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics.md msgid "" "[Blocks and Scopes](./control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics.md msgid "[Functions](./control-flow-basics/functions.md) (3 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics.md msgid "[Macros](./control-flow-basics/macros.md) (2 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics.md msgid "" "[Exercise: Collatz Sequence](./control-flow-basics/exercise.md) (30 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics.md src/tuples-and-arrays.md src/borrowing.md msgid "This segment should take about 1 hour" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md msgid "Much of the Rust syntax will be familiar to you from C, C++ or Java:" msgstr "Mare parte din sintaxa Rust vă va fi familiară din C, C++ sau Java:" #: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md #, fuzzy msgid "Blocks are delimited by curly braces." msgstr "" "Blocurile și domeniile de aplicare sunt delimitate prin paranteze curbe." #: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md msgid "" "Line comments are started with `//`, block comments are delimited by `/* ... " "*/`." msgstr "" "Comentariile de o linie încep cu `//`, iar blocurile de comentarii sunt " "delimitate de `/* ... */`." #: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md msgid "Keywords like `if` and `while` work the same." msgstr "Cuvinte cheie precum `if` și `while` funcționează la fel." #: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md msgid "Variable assignment is done with `=`, comparison is done with `==`." msgstr "" "Atribuirea variabilelor se face cu `=`, iar compararea se face cu `==`." #: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md #, fuzzy msgid "`if` expressions" msgstr "expresii for" #: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You use [`if` expressions](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/" "if-expr.html#if-expressions) exactly like `if` statements in other languages:" msgstr "" "Utilizați [expresii `if`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/if-" "expr.html#if-expressions) exact ca și instrucțiunile `if` din alte limbaje:" #: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md msgid "\"small\"" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md msgid "\"biggish\"" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md msgid "\"huge\"" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "In addition, you can use `if` as an expression. The last expression of each " "block becomes the value of the `if` expression:" msgstr "" "În plus, puteți utiliza `if` ca expresie. Ultima expresie din fiecare bloc " "devine valoarea expresiei `if`:" #: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md msgid "\"large\"" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md msgid "\"number size: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Because `if` is an expression and must have a particular type, both of its " "branch blocks must have the same type. Show what happens if you add `;` " "after `\"small\"` in the second example." msgstr "" "Deoarece `if` este o expresie și trebuie să aibă un anumit tip, ambele " "blocuri de ramificare trebuie să aibă același tip. Să vedem ce se întâmplă " "dacă adăugați `;` după `x / 2` în al doilea exemplu." #: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md msgid "" "When `if` is used in an expression, the expression must have a `;` to " "separate it from the next statement. Remove the `;` before `println!` to see " "the compiler error." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md msgid "There are three looping keywords in Rust: `while`, `loop`, and `for`:" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md #, fuzzy msgid "`while`" msgstr "bucle `while`" #: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The [`while` keyword](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/loop-" "expr.html#predicate-loops) works much like in other languages, executing the " "loop body as long as the condition is true." msgstr "" "Cuvântul cheie [`while`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/" "loop-expr.html#predicate-loops) funcționează foarte asemănător cu alte " "limbaje:" #: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md msgid "\"Final x: {x}\"" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md #, fuzzy msgid "`for`" msgstr "bucle `for`" #: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The [`for` loop](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/keyword.for.html) iterates " "over ranges of values:" msgstr "" "[`Drop`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Drop.html) utilizat pentru " "definirea destructoriilor." #: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md msgid "`loop`" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The [`loop` statement](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/keyword.loop.html) just " "loops forever, until a `break`." msgstr "" "[`Drop`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Drop.html) utilizat pentru " "definirea destructoriilor." #: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md msgid "\"{i}\"" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md msgid "" "We will discuss iteration later; for now, just stick to range expressions." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md msgid "" "Note that the `for` loop only iterates to `4`. Show the `1..=5` syntax for " "an inclusive range." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "If you want to exit any kind of loop early, use [`break`](https://doc.rust-" "lang.org/reference/expressions/loop-expr.html#break-expressions). For " "`loop`, this can take an optional expression that becomes the value of the " "`loop` expression." msgstr "" "Dacă doriți să ieșiți mai devreme dintr-o buclă, utilizați [`break`](https://" "doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/loop-expr.html#break-expressions)," #: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "If you want to immediately start the next iteration use [`continue`](https://" "doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/loop-expr.html#continue-expressions)." msgstr "" "Dacă doriți să începeți imediat următoarea iterație, utilizați [`continue`]" "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/loop-expr.html#continue-" "expressions)." #: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md msgid "\"{result}\"" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Both `continue` and `break` can optionally take a label argument which is " "used to break out of nested loops:" msgstr "" "Atât `continue`, cât și `break` pot primi opțional un argument de tip label, " "care este utilizat pentru a ieși din buclele imbricate:" #: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md msgid "\"x: {x}, i: {i}\"" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "In this case we break the outer loop after 3 iterations of the inner loop." msgstr "" "În acest caz, întrerupem bucla exterioară după 3 iterații ale buclei " "interioare." #: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Note that `loop` is the only looping construct which returns a non-trivial " "value. This is because it's guaranteed to be entered at least once (unlike " "`while` and `for` loops)." msgstr "" "Rețineți că `loop` este singura construcție de buclă care returnează o " "valoare non-trivială. Acest lucru se datorează faptului că este garantat să " "fie introdus cel puțin o dată (spre deosebire de buclele `while` și `for`)." #: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md msgid "Blocks" msgstr "Blocuri" #: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "A block in Rust contains a sequence of expressions, enclosed by braces `{}`. " "Each block has a value and a type, which are those of the last expression of " "the block:" msgstr "" "Un bloc în Rust conține o secvență de expresii. Fiecare bloc are o valoare " "și un tip, care sunt cele ale ultimei expresii din bloc:" #: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md msgid "\"y: {y}\"" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "If the last expression ends with `;`, then the resulting value and type is " "`()`." msgstr "" "Dacă ultima expresie se termină cu `;`, atunci valoarea și tipul rezultat " "este `()`." #: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md msgid "Scopes and Shadowing" msgstr "Scopuri și mascări" #: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md msgid "A variable's scope is limited to the enclosing block." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You can shadow variables, both those from outer scopes and variables from " "the same scope:" msgstr "" "Puteți umbri variabilele, atât cele din domenii de aplicare exterioare, cât " "și variabilele din același domeniu de aplicare:" #: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md msgid "\"before: {a}\"" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md src/std-traits/from-and-into.md #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "\"hello\"" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md msgid "\"inner scope: {a}\"" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md msgid "\"shadowed in inner scope: {a}\"" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md msgid "\"after: {a}\"" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You can show how the value of the block changes by changing the last line in " "the block. For instance, adding/removing a semicolon or using a `return`." msgstr "" "Puteți arăta cum se modifică valoarea blocului modificând ultima linie din " "bloc. De exemplu, adăugând/eliminând un punct și virgulă sau folosind un " "`return`." #: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md msgid "" "Show that a variable's scope is limited by adding a `b` in the inner block " "in the last example, and then trying to access it outside that block." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Shadowing is different from mutation, because after shadowing both " "variable's memory locations exist at the same time. Both are available under " "the same name, depending where you use it in the code." msgstr "" "Definiție: Shadowing este diferit de mutație, deoarece după shadowing ambele " "locații de memorie ale variabilei există în același timp. Ambele sunt " "disponibile sub același nume, în funcție de locul în care se utilizează în " "cod." #: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md #, fuzzy msgid "A shadowing variable can have a different type." msgstr "O variabilă de umbrire poate avea un tip diferit." #: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Shadowing looks obscure at first, but is convenient for holding on to values " "after `.unwrap()`." msgstr "" "Umbrirea pare obscură la început, dar este convenabilă pentru a păstra " "valorile după `.unwrap()`." #: src/control-flow-basics/functions.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Declaration parameters are followed by a type (the reverse of some " "programming languages), then a return type." msgstr "" "Parametrii de declarație sunt urmați de un tip (invers decât în unele " "limbaje de programare), apoi de un tip de returnare." #: src/control-flow-basics/functions.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The last expression in a function body (or any block) becomes the return " "value. Simply omit the `;` at the end of the expression. The `return` " "keyword can be used for early return, but the \"bare value\" form is " "idiomatic at the end of a function (refactor `gcd` to use a `return`)." msgstr "" "Ultima expresie din corpul unei funcții (sau din orice bloc) devine valoarea " "de returnare. Pur și simplu omiteți `;` de la sfârșitul expresiei." #: src/control-flow-basics/functions.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Some functions have no return value, and return the 'unit type', `()`. The " "compiler will infer this if the `-> ()` return type is omitted." msgstr "" "Unele funcții nu au nicio valoare de retur și returnează \"tipul de " "unitate\", `()`. Compilatorul va deduce acest lucru în cazul în care tipul " "de returnare `-> ()` este omis." #: src/control-flow-basics/functions.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Overloading is not supported -- each function has a single implementation." msgstr "Fiecare funcție are o singură implementare:" #: src/control-flow-basics/functions.md msgid "" "Always takes a fixed number of parameters. Default arguments are not " "supported. Macros can be used to support variadic functions." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/functions.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Always takes a single set of parameter types. These types can be generic, " "which will be covered later." msgstr "Acceptă întotdeauna un singur set de tipuri de parametri." #: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md msgid "" "Macros are expanded into Rust code during compilation, and can take a " "variable number of arguments. They are distinguished by a `!` at the end. " "The Rust standard library includes an assortment of useful macros." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`println!(format, ..)` prints a line to standard output, applying formatting " "described in [`std::fmt`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/index.html)." msgstr "" "Supraîncărcarea operatorilor este implementată prin intermediul trăsăturilor " "în [`std::ops`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/index.html):" #: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md msgid "" "`format!(format, ..)` works just like `println!` but returns the result as a " "string." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md msgid "`dbg!(expression)` logs the value of the expression and returns it." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md msgid "" "`todo!()` marks a bit of code as not-yet-implemented. If executed, it will " "panic." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md msgid "" "`unreachable!()` marks a bit of code as unreachable. If executed, it will " "panic." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md msgid "\"{n}! = {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md msgid "" "The takeaway from this section is that these common conveniences exist, and " "how to use them. Why they are defined as macros, and what they expand to, is " "not especially critical." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md msgid "" "The course does not cover defining macros, but a later section will describe " "use of derive macros." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "" "The [Collatz Sequence](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collatz_conjecture) is " "defined as follows, for an arbitrary n" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "1" msgstr "12" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid " greater than zero:" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "If _n" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "i" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "_ is 1, then the sequence terminates at _n" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "_." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "_ is even, then _n" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "i+1" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid " = n" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid " / 2_." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "_ is odd, then _n" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid " = 3 * n" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid " + 1_." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "For example, beginning with _n" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "_ = 3:" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "3 is odd, so _n" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "2" msgstr "12" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "_ = 3 * 3 + 1 = 10;" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "10 is even, so _n" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "3" msgstr "3" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "_ = 10 / 2 = 5;" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "5 is odd, so _n" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "4" msgstr "4" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "_ = 3 * 5 + 1 = 16;" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "16 is even, so _n" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "5" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "_ = 16 / 2 = 8;" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "8 is even, so _n" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "6" msgstr "6" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "_ = 8 / 2 = 4;" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "4 is even, so _n" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "7" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "_ = 4 / 2 = 2;" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "2 is even, so _n" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "8" msgstr "8" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "_ = 1; and" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "the sequence terminates." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "" "Write a function to calculate the length of the collatz sequence for a given " "initial `n`." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md src/control-flow-basics/solution.md msgid "/// Determine the length of the collatz sequence beginning at `n`.\n" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/solution.md src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md msgid "\"Length: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-1-afternoon.md src/welcome-day-2-afternoon.md #: src/welcome-day-3-afternoon.md src/welcome-day-4-afternoon.md #, fuzzy msgid "Welcome Back" msgstr "Bine ați venit" #: src/welcome-day-1-afternoon.md msgid "[Tuples and Arrays](./tuples-and-arrays.md) (1 hour)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-1-afternoon.md msgid "[References](./references.md) (50 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-1-afternoon.md msgid "[User-Defined Types](./user-defined-types.md) (50 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-1-afternoon.md msgid "" "Including 10 minute breaks, this session should take about 2 hours and 55 " "minutes" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "" "[Tuples and Arrays](./tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "[Array Iteration](./tuples-and-arrays/iteration.md) (3 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "[Pattern Matching](./tuples-and-arrays/match.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "[Destructuring](./tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "[Exercise: Nested Arrays](./tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md) (30 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "" "Tuples and arrays are the first \"compound\" types we have seen. All " "elements of an array have the same type, while tuples can accommodate " "different types. Both types have a size fixed at compile time." msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md #: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md msgid "Arrays" msgstr "Array-uri" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "`[T; N]`" msgstr "`[T; N]`" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "`[20, 30, 40]`, `[0; 3]`" msgstr "`[20, 30, 40]`, `[0; 3]`" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md #: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md msgid "Tuples" msgstr "Tupluri" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "`()`, `(T,)`, `(T1, T2)`, ..." msgstr "`()`, `(T,)`, `(T1, T2)`, ..." #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "`()`, `('x',)`, `('x', 1.2)`, ..." msgstr "`()`, `('x',)`, `('x', 1.2)`, ..." #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "Array assignment and access:" msgstr "Atribuirea și accesul pentru vectori:" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "Tuple assignment and access:" msgstr "Atribuirea și accesul pentru tupluri:" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "Arrays:" msgstr "Vectori:" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "A value of the array type `[T; N]` holds `N` (a compile-time constant) " "elements of the same type `T`. Note that the length of the array is _part of " "its type_, which means that `[u8; 3]` and `[u8; 4]` are considered two " "different types. Slices, which have a size determined at runtime, are " "covered later." msgstr "" "O valoare de tip matrice `[T; N]` conține `N` (o constantă de timp de " "compilare) elemente de același tip `T`. Rețineți că lungimea tabloului este " "_parte a tipului său_, ceea ce înseamnă că `[u8; 3]` și `[u8; 4]` sunt " "considerate două tipuri diferite." #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "" "Try accessing an out-of-bounds array element. Array accesses are checked at " "runtime. Rust can usually optimize these checks away, and they can be " "avoided using unsafe Rust." msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md #, fuzzy msgid "We can use literals to assign values to arrays." msgstr "Putem utiliza literali pentru a atribui valori la array-uri." #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The `println!` macro asks for the debug implementation with the `?` format " "parameter: `{}` gives the default output, `{:?}` gives the debug output. " "Types such as integers and strings implement the default output, but arrays " "only implement the debug output. This means that we must use debug output " "here." msgstr "" "Macroul `println!` solicită implementarea de depanare cu parametrul de " "format `?`: `{}` oferă ieșirea implicită, `{:?}` oferă ieșirea de depanare. " "Tipuri precum întregi și șiruri de caractere implementează ieșirea " "implicită, dar array-urile implementează doar ieșirea de depanare. Aceasta " "înseamnă că trebuie să folosim aici ieșirea de depanare." #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Adding `#`, eg `{a:#?}`, invokes a \"pretty printing\" format, which can be " "easier to read." msgstr "" "Adăugând `#`, de exemplu `{a:#?}`, se invocă un format de tipărire " "\"frumos\", care poate fi mai ușor de citit." #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "Tuples:" msgstr "Tupluri:" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "Like arrays, tuples have a fixed length." msgstr "Tuplurile au o lungime fixă, întocmai vectorilor." #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md #, fuzzy msgid "Tuples group together values of different types into a compound type." msgstr "Tuplurile grupează valori de tipuri diferite într-un tip compus." #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "" "Fields of a tuple can be accessed by the period and the index of the value, " "e.g. `t.0`, `t.1`." msgstr "" "Câmpurile unui tuplu pot fi accesate prin punct și indicele valorii, de " "exemplu `t.0`, `t.1`." #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The empty tuple `()` is also known as the \"unit type\". It is both a type, " "and the only valid value of that type --- that is to say both the type and " "its value are expressed as `()`. It is used to indicate, for example, that a " "function or expression has no return value, as we'll see in a future slide." msgstr "" "Tuplul goal `()` este cunoscută și sub numele de \"tip unitate\". Este atât " "un tip, cât și singura valoare validă a acelui tip - adică atât tipul, cât " "și valoarea sa sunt exprimate sub forma `()`. Este utilizat pentru a indica, " "de exemplu, că o funcție sau o expresie nu are valoare de returnare, după " "cum vom vedea într-un slide viitor." #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You can think of it as `void` that can be familiar to you from other " "programming languages." msgstr "" "Vă puteți gândi la el ca la un `void` care vă este familiar din alte limbaje " "de programare." #: src/tuples-and-arrays/iteration.md msgid "The `for` statement supports iterating over arrays (but not tuples)." msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/iteration.md msgid "" "This functionality uses the `IntoIterator` trait, but we haven't covered " "that yet." msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/iteration.md msgid "" "The `assert_ne!` macro is new here. There are also `assert_eq!` and `assert!" "` macros. These are always checked while, debug-only variants like " "`debug_assert!` compile to nothing in release builds." msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The `match` keyword lets you match a value against one or more _patterns_. " "The comparisons are done from top to bottom and the first match wins." msgstr "" "Cuvântul cheie `match` vă permite să comparați o valoare cu unul sau mai " "multe _patterns_. Comparațiile se fac de sus în jos, iar prima potrivire " "câștigă." #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md #, fuzzy msgid "The patterns can be simple values, similarly to `switch` in C and C++:" msgstr "Modelele pot fi valori simple, la fel ca `switch` în C și C++:" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md msgid "'x'" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md msgid "'q'" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md msgid "\"Quitting\"" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md src/std-traits/solution.md #: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "'a'" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md msgid "'s'" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md msgid "'w'" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md msgid "'d'" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md msgid "\"Moving around\"" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md src/error-handling/exercise.md #: src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "'0'" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md src/error-handling/exercise.md #: src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "'9'" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md msgid "\"Number input\"" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md msgid "\"Lowercase: {key}\"" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md msgid "\"Something else\"" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md msgid "" "The `_` pattern is a wildcard pattern which matches any value. The " "expressions _must_ be irrefutable, meaning that it covers every possibility, " "so `_` is often used as the final catch-all case." msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Match can be used as an expression. Just like `if`, each match arm must have " "the same type. The type is the last expression of the block, if any. In the " "example above, the type is `()`." msgstr "" "La fel ca `if let`, fiecare braț de potrivire trebuie să aibă același tip. " "Tipul este ultima expresie a blocului, dacă există. În exemplul de mai sus, " "tipul este `()`." #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md msgid "" "A variable in the pattern (`key` in this example) will create a binding that " "can be used within the match arm." msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md msgid "A match guard causes the arm to match only if the condition is true." msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md src/methods-and-traits/methods.md #, fuzzy msgid "Key Points:" msgstr "Puncte cheie:" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You might point out how some specific characters are being used when in a " "pattern" msgstr "" "Ați putea sublinia modul în care sunt folosite anumite caractere specifice " "atunci când se află într-un model" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md #, fuzzy msgid "`|` as an `or`" msgstr "`|` ca un `or`" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md #, fuzzy msgid "`..` can expand as much as it needs to be" msgstr "`...` se poate extinde atât cât este nevoie" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md #, fuzzy msgid "`1..=5` represents an inclusive range" msgstr "`1..=5` reprezintă un interval inclusiv" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md #, fuzzy msgid "`_` is a wild card" msgstr "`_` este un wild card" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Match guards as a separate syntax feature are important and necessary when " "we wish to concisely express more complex ideas than patterns alone would " "allow." msgstr "" "Gărzile de potrivire, ca o caracteristică sintactică separată, sunt " "importante și necesare atunci când dorim să exprimăm în mod concis idei mai " "complexe decât ne-ar permite doar modelele." #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "They are not the same as separate `if` expression inside of the match arm. " "An `if` expression inside of the branch block (after `=>`) happens after the " "match arm is selected. Failing the `if` condition inside of that block won't " "result in other arms of the original `match` expression being considered." msgstr "" "Acestea nu sunt același lucru cu expresia `if` separată în interiorul " "brațului de potrivire. O expresie `if` în interiorul blocului de ramificare " "(după `=>`) apare după ce este selectat brațul de potrivire. În cazul în " "care nu se îndeplinește condiția `if` din interiorul blocului respectiv, nu " "vor fi luate în considerare alte ramuri ale expresiei `match` originale." #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The condition defined in the guard applies to every expression in a pattern " "with an `|`." msgstr "" "Condiția definită în gardă se aplică fiecărei expresii dintr-un model cu `|`." #: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md msgid "" "Destructuring is a way of extracting data from a data structure by writing a " "pattern that is matched up to the data structure, binding variables to " "subcomponents of the data structure." msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md #, fuzzy msgid "You can destructure tuples and arrays by matching on their elements:" msgstr "" "Puteți destructura array-uri, tuple și felii prin potrivirea elementelor " "acestora:" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md msgid "\"on Y axis\"" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md msgid "\"on X axis\"" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md msgid "\"left of Y axis\"" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md msgid "\"below X axis\"" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md msgid "\"first quadrant\"" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md msgid "\"Tell me about {triple:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md msgid "\"First is 0, y = {y}, and z = {z}\"" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md msgid "\"First is 1 and the rest were ignored\"" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md msgid "\"All elements were ignored\"" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md #, fuzzy msgid "Create a new array pattern using `_` to represent an element." msgstr "Creați un nou model folosind `_` pentru a reprezenta un element." #: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md #, fuzzy msgid "Add more values to the array." msgstr "Adăugați mai multe valori la matrice." #: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Point out that how `..` will expand to account for different number of " "elements." msgstr "" "Arătați cum `...` se va extinde pentru a lua în considerare un număr diferit " "de elemente." #: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md #, fuzzy msgid "Show matching against the tail with patterns `[.., b]` and `[a@..,b]`" msgstr "Afișează potrivirea cu coada cu modelele `[.., b]` și `[a@..,b]`" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md msgid "Arrays can contain other arrays:" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "What is the type of this variable?" msgstr "Care este tipul de `word` în fiecare buclă?" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Use an array such as the above to write a function `transpose` which will " "transpose a matrix (turn rows into columns):" msgstr "" "Folosiți cele de mai sus pentru a scrie o funcție `pretty_print` care " "tipărește o matrice și o funcție `transpose` care va transpune o matrice " "(transformă rândurile în coloane):" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "Hard-code both functions to operate on 3 × 3 matrices." msgstr "Codificați ambele funcții pentru a opera pe matrici 3 × 3." #: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Copy the code below to and implement the " "functions:" msgstr "" "Copiați codul de mai jos în și implementați " "funcțiile:" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md src/borrowing/exercise.md #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md msgid "// TODO: remove this when you're done with your implementation.\n" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md src/tuples-and-arrays/solution.md msgid "// <-- the comment makes rustfmt add a newline\n" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md src/tuples-and-arrays/solution.md msgid "\"matrix: {:#?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md src/tuples-and-arrays/solution.md msgid "\"transposed: {:#?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/solution.md msgid "//\n" msgstr "" #: src/references.md msgid "[Shared References](./references/shared.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/references.md msgid "[Exclusive References](./references/exclusive.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/references.md msgid "[Exercise: Geometry](./references/exercise.md) (30 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/references.md src/user-defined-types.md src/pattern-matching.md msgid "This segment should take about 50 minutes" msgstr "" #: src/references/shared.md msgid "" "A reference provides a way to access another value without taking " "responsibility for the value, and is also called \"borrowing\". Shared " "references are read-only, and the referenced data cannot change." msgstr "" #: src/references/shared.md msgid "" "A shared reference to a type `T` has type `&T`. A reference value is made " "with the `&` operator. The `*` operator \"dereferences\" a reference, " "yielding its value." msgstr "" #: src/references/shared.md #, fuzzy msgid "Rust will statically forbid dangling references:" msgstr "Rust va interzice în mod static referințele care atârnă:" #: src/references/shared.md msgid "" "A reference is said to \"borrow\" the value it refers to, and this is a good " "model for students not familiar with pointers: code can use the reference to " "access the value, but is still \"owned\" by the original variable. The " "course will get into more detail on ownership in day 3." msgstr "" #: src/references/shared.md msgid "" "References are implemented as pointers, and a key advantage is that they can " "be much smaller than the thing they point to. Students familiar with C or C+" "+ will recognize references as pointers. Later parts of the course will " "cover how Rust prevents the memory-safety bugs that come from using raw " "pointers." msgstr "" #: src/references/shared.md msgid "" "Rust does not automatically create references for you - the `&` is always " "required." msgstr "" #: src/references/shared.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust will auto-dereference in some cases, in particular when invoking " "methods (try `r.count_ones()`). There is no need for an `->` operator like " "in C++." msgstr "" "Rust va face auto-dereferențiere în unele cazuri, în special atunci când " "invocă metode (încercați `ref_x.count_ones()`)." #: src/references/shared.md msgid "" "In this example, `r` is mutable so that it can be reassigned (`r = &b`). " "Note that this re-binds `r`, so that it refers to something else. This is " "different from C++, where assignment to a reference changes the referenced " "value." msgstr "" #: src/references/shared.md msgid "" "A shared reference does not allow modifying the value it refers to, even if " "that value was mutable. Try `*r = 'X'`." msgstr "" #: src/references/shared.md msgid "" "Rust is tracking the lifetimes of all references to ensure they live long " "enough. Dangling references cannot occur in safe Rust. `x_axis` would return " "a reference to `point`, but `point` will be deallocated when the function " "returns, so this will not compile." msgstr "" #: src/references/shared.md #, fuzzy msgid "We will talk more about borrowing when we get to ownership." msgstr "" "Vom vorbi mai multe despre împrumuturi atunci când vom ajunge la proprietate." #: src/references/exclusive.md msgid "" "Exclusive references, also known as mutable references, allow changing the " "value they refer to. They have type `&mut T`." msgstr "" #: src/references/exclusive.md msgid "" "\"Exclusive\" means that only this reference can be used to access the " "value. No other references (shared or exclusive) can exist at the same time, " "and the referenced value cannot be accessed while the exclusive reference " "exists. Try making an `&point.0` or changing `point.0` while `x_coord` is " "alive." msgstr "" #: src/references/exclusive.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Be sure to note the difference between `let mut x_coord: &i32` and `let " "x_coord: &mut i32`. The first one represents a shared reference which can be " "bound to different values, while the second represents an exclusive " "reference to a mutable value." msgstr "" "Nu uitați să observați diferența dintre `let mut ref_x: &i32` și `let ref_x: " "&mut i32`. Primul reprezintă o referință mutabilă care poate fi legată la " "diferite valori, în timp ce al doilea reprezintă o referință la o valoare " "mutabilă." #: src/references/exercise.md msgid "" "We will create a few utility functions for 3-dimensional geometry, " "representing a point as `[f64;3]`. It is up to you to determine the function " "signatures." msgstr "" #: src/references/exercise.md msgid "" "// Calculate the magnitude of a vector by summing the squares of its " "coordinates\n" "// and taking the square root. Use the `sqrt()` method to calculate the " "square\n" "// root, like `v.sqrt()`.\n" msgstr "" #: src/references/exercise.md msgid "" "// Normalize a vector by calculating its magnitude and dividing all of its\n" "// coordinates by that magnitude.\n" msgstr "" #: src/references/exercise.md msgid "// Use the following `main` to test your work.\n" msgstr "" #: src/references/exercise.md src/references/solution.md msgid "\"Magnitude of a unit vector: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/references/exercise.md src/references/solution.md msgid "\"Magnitude of {v:?}: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/references/exercise.md src/references/solution.md msgid "\"Magnitude of {v:?} after normalization: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/references/solution.md msgid "/// Calculate the magnitude of the given vector.\n" msgstr "" #: src/references/solution.md msgid "" "/// Change the magnitude of the vector to 1.0 without changing its " "direction.\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types.md msgid "[Named Structs](./user-defined-types/named-structs.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types.md msgid "[Tuple Structs](./user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types.md msgid "[Enums](./user-defined-types/enums.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types.md msgid "" "[Static and Const](./user-defined-types/static-and-const.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types.md msgid "[Type Aliases](./user-defined-types/aliases.md) (2 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types.md msgid "" "[Exercise: Elevator Events](./user-defined-types/exercise.md) (15 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md #, fuzzy msgid "Like C and C++, Rust has support for custom structs:" msgstr "La fel ca în C și C++, Rust are suport pentru structuri personalizate:" #: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md msgid "\"{} is {} years old\"" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md msgid "\"Peter\"" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md msgid "\"Avery\"" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md msgid "\"Jackie\"" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md #, fuzzy msgid "Structs work like in C or C++." msgstr "Structurile funcționează ca în C sau C++." #: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md #, fuzzy msgid "Like in C++, and unlike in C, no typedef is needed to define a type." msgstr "" "La fel ca în C++ și spre deosebire de C, nu este nevoie de un typedef pentru " "a defini un tip." #: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md #, fuzzy msgid "Unlike in C++, there is no inheritance between structs." msgstr "Spre deosebire de C++, nu există moștenire între structuri." #: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "This may be a good time to let people know there are different types of " "structs." msgstr "" "Acesta ar putea fi un moment bun pentru a informa oamenii că există diferite " "tipuri de structuri." #: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Zero-sized structs (e.g. `struct Foo;`) might be used when implementing a " "trait on some type but don’t have any data that you want to store in the " "value itself." msgstr "" "Structurile de dimensiune zero (de exemplu, `struct Foo;`) pot fi utilizate " "atunci când se implementează o trăsătură pe un anumit tip, dar nu aveți date " "pe care doriți să le stocați în valoarea în sine." #: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The next slide will introduce Tuple structs, used when the field names are " "not important." msgstr "" "Următorul diapozitiv va prezenta structurile Tuple, utilizate atunci când " "numele câmpurilor nu sunt importante." #: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "If you already have variables with the right names, then you can create the " "struct using a shorthand." msgstr "" "Dacă aveți deja variabile cu numele corecte, puteți crea structura folosind " "o prescurtare:" #: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The syntax `..avery` allows us to copy the majority of the fields from the " "old struct without having to explicitly type it all out. It must always be " "the last element." msgstr "" "Sintaxa `..peter` ne permite să copiem majoritatea câmpurilor din vechea " "structură fără a fi nevoie să le scriem în mod explicit pe toate. Acesta " "trebuie să fie întotdeauna ultimul element." #: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md #, fuzzy msgid "If the field names are unimportant, you can use a tuple struct:" msgstr "" "În cazul în care numele câmpurilor nu sunt importante, puteți utiliza o " "structură de tip tuple:" #: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md msgid "\"({}, {})\"" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md #, fuzzy msgid "This is often used for single-field wrappers (called newtypes):" msgstr "" "Acest lucru este adesea utilizat pentru învelișurile cu un singur câmp " "(denumite newtypes):" #: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md msgid "\"Ask a rocket scientist at NASA\"" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md msgid "// ...\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Newtypes are a great way to encode additional information about the value in " "a primitive type, for example:" msgstr "" "Newtypes reprezintă o modalitate excelentă de a codifica informații " "suplimentare despre valoarea unui tip primitiv, de exemplu:" #: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md #, fuzzy msgid "The number is measured in some units: `Newtons` in the example above." msgstr "" "Numărul este măsurat în anumite unități: `Newtons` în exemplul de mai sus." #: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The value passed some validation when it was created, so you no longer have " "to validate it again at every use: `PhoneNumber(String)` or `OddNumber(u32)`." msgstr "" "Valoarea a trecut printr-o validare atunci când a fost creată, astfel încât " "nu mai trebuie să o validați din nou la fiecare utilizare: " "`PhoneNumber(String)` sau `OddNumber(u32)`." #: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Demonstrate how to add a `f64` value to a `Newtons` type by accessing the " "single field in the newtype." msgstr "" "Demonstrați cum să adăugați o valoare `f64` la un tip `Newtons` prin " "accesarea unui singur câmp din noul tip." #: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust generally doesn’t like inexplicit things, like automatic unwrapping or " "for instance using booleans as integers." msgstr "" "În general, Rust nu agreează lucrurile inexplicabile, cum ar fi desfacerea " "automată sau, de exemplu, utilizarea booleenilor ca numere întregi." #: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md #, fuzzy msgid "Operator overloading is discussed on Day 3 (generics)." msgstr "Supraîncărcarea operatorilor este discutată în ziua 3 (generice)." #: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The example is a subtle reference to the [Mars Climate Orbiter](https://en." "wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Climate_Orbiter) failure." msgstr "" "Exemplul este o referire subtilă la eșecul [Mars Climate Orbiter] (https://" "en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Climate_Orbiter)." #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The `enum` keyword allows the creation of a type which has a few different " "variants:" msgstr "" "Cuvântul cheie `enum` permite crearea unui tip care are câteva variante " "diferite:" #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md msgid "// Simple variant\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md msgid "// Tuple variant\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md msgid "// Struct variant\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md msgid "\"On this turn: {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md #, fuzzy msgid "Enumerations allow you to collect a set of values under one type." msgstr "Enumerările vă permit să colectați un set de valori sub un singur tip" #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md msgid "" "`Direction` is a type with variants. There are two values of `Direction`: " "`Direction::Left` and `Direction::Right`." msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md msgid "" "`PlayerMove` is a type with three variants. In addition to the payloads, " "Rust will store a discriminant so that it knows at runtime which variant is " "in a `PlayerMove` value." msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md #, fuzzy msgid "This might be a good time to compare structs and enums:" msgstr "" "Acesta ar putea fi un moment bun pentru a compara structurile și " "enumerațiile:" #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "In both, you can have a simple version without fields (unit struct) or one " "with different types of fields (variant payloads)." msgstr "" "În ambele, puteți avea o versiune simplă fără câmpuri (unit struct) sau una " "cu diferite tipuri de câmpuri (varianta payloads)." #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You could even implement the different variants of an enum with separate " "structs but then they wouldn’t be the same type as they would if they were " "all defined in an enum." msgstr "" "Ați putea chiar să implementați diferitele variante ale unui enum cu " "structuri separate, dar atunci acestea nu ar fi de același tip ca în cazul " "în care ar fi definite toate într-un enum." #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md msgid "Rust uses minimal space to store the discriminant." msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md msgid "If necessary, it stores an integer of the smallest required size" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md msgid "" "If the allowed variant values do not cover all bit patterns, it will use " "invalid bit patterns to encode the discriminant (the \"niche " "optimization\"). For example, `Option<&u8>` stores either a pointer to an " "integer or `NULL` for the `None` variant." msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You can control the discriminant if needed (e.g., for compatibility with C):" msgstr "" "Puteți controla discriminantul dacă este necesar (de exemplu, pentru " "compatibilitate cu C):" #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Without `repr`, the discriminant type takes 2 bytes, because 10001 fits 2 " "bytes." msgstr "" "Fără `repr`, tipul de discriminant are nevoie de 2 octeți, deoarece 10001 se " "potrivește cu 2 octeți." #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md #: src/memory-management/review.md src/memory-management/move.md #: src/smart-pointers/box.md src/borrowing/shared.md #, fuzzy msgid "More to Explore" msgstr "Mai multe de explorat" #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust has several optimizations it can employ to make enums take up less " "space." msgstr "" "Rust are mai multe optimizări pe care le poate folosi pentru ca enumerațiile " "să ocupe mai puțin spațiu." #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Null pointer optimization: For [some types](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/" "option/#representation), Rust guarantees that `size_of::()` equals " "`size_of::>()`." msgstr "" "Optimizarea pointerului nul: Pentru [unele tipuri](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" "std/option/#representation), Rust garantează că `size_of::()` este egal " "cu `size_of::<Opțiune>()`." #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Example code if you want to show how the bitwise representation _may_ look " "like in practice. It's important to note that the compiler provides no " "guarantees regarding this representation, therefore this is totally unsafe." msgstr "" "Exemplu de cod dacă doriți să arătați cum ar putea arăta în practică " "reprezentarea pe biți. Este important de reținut că compilatorul nu oferă " "nicio garanție în ceea ce privește această reprezentare, prin urmare este " "total nesigură." #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Static and constant variables are two different ways to create globally-" "scoped values that cannot be moved or reallocated during the execution of " "the program." msgstr "" "Variabilele statice și variabilele constante sunt două modalități diferite " "de a crea valori cu acoperire globală care nu pot fi mutate sau realocate în " "timpul execuției programului." #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md #, fuzzy msgid "`const`" msgstr "`const`" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Constant variables are evaluated at compile time and their values are " "inlined wherever they are used:" msgstr "" "Variabilele constante sunt evaluate la compilare, iar valorile lor sunt " "subliniate ori de câte ori sunt utilizate:" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "According to the [Rust RFC Book](https://rust-lang.github.io/rfcs/0246-const-" "vs-static.html) these are inlined upon use." msgstr "" "În conformitate cu [Rust RFC Book](https://rust-lang.github.io/rfcs/0246-" "const-vs-static.html), acestea sunt subliniate la utilizare." #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Only functions marked `const` can be called at compile time to generate " "`const` values. `const` functions can however be called at runtime." msgstr "" "Numai funcțiile marcate `const` pot fi apelate la compilare pentru a genera " "valori `const`. totuși, funcțiile `const` pot fi apelate în timpul execuției." #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md #, fuzzy msgid "`static`" msgstr "`static`" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Static variables will live during the whole execution of the program, and " "therefore will not move:" msgstr "" "Variabilele statice vor fi valabile pe toată durata execuției programului " "și, prin urmare, nu se vor deplasa:" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"Welcome to RustOS 3.14\"" msgstr "Bine ați venit la Ziua 1" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md msgid "\"{BANNER}\"" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "As noted in the [Rust RFC Book](https://rust-lang.github.io/rfcs/0246-const-" "vs-static.html), these are not inlined upon use and have an actual " "associated memory location. This is useful for unsafe and embedded code, and " "the variable lives through the entirety of the program execution. When a " "globally-scoped value does not have a reason to need object identity, " "`const` is generally preferred." msgstr "" "După cum se menționează în [Rust RFC Book](https://rust-lang.github.io/" "rfcs/0246-const-vs-static.html), acestea nu sunt subliniate la utilizare și " "au o locație de memorie reală asociată. Acest lucru este util pentru codul " "nesigur și încorporat, iar variabila trăiește pe toată durata execuției " "programului. Atunci când o valoare cu acoperire globală nu are un motiv " "pentru a avea nevoie de identitatea obiectului, `const` este în general " "preferată." #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md #, fuzzy msgid "Mention that `const` behaves semantically similar to C++'s `constexpr`." msgstr "" "Menționați că `const` are un comportament semantic similar cu `constexpr` " "din C++." #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`static`, on the other hand, is much more similar to a `const` or mutable " "global variable in C++." msgstr "" "`static`, pe de altă parte, este mult mai asemănătoare cu o variabilă " "globală `const` sau mutabilă în C++." #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`static` provides object identity: an address in memory and state as " "required by types with interior mutability such as `Mutex`." msgstr "" "`static` asigură identitatea obiectului: o adresă în memorie și starea " "necesară pentru tipurile cu mutabilitate interioară, cum ar fi `Mutex`." #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "It isn't super common that one would need a runtime evaluated constant, but " "it is helpful and safer than using a static." msgstr "" "Nu este foarte des întâlnit cazul în care cineva ar avea nevoie de o " "constantă evaluată în timp de execuție, dar este utilă și mai sigură decât " "utilizarea unei constante statice." #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md msgid "Properties table:" msgstr "Tabelul cu proprietăți:" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md msgid "Property" msgstr "Proprietate" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md msgid "Static" msgstr "Static" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md msgid "Constant" msgstr "Constant" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md msgid "Has an address in memory" msgstr "Are o adresă în memorie" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md msgid "Yes" msgstr "Da" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md #, fuzzy msgid "No (inlined)" msgstr "Nu (subliniat)" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md #, fuzzy msgid "Lives for the entire duration of the program" msgstr "Trăiește pe întreaga durată a programului" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md msgid "No" msgstr "Nu" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md msgid "Can be mutable" msgstr "Poate fi mutabil" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md msgid "Yes (unsafe)" msgstr "Da (nesigur)" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md msgid "Evaluated at compile time" msgstr "Evaluat la compilare" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md msgid "Yes (initialised at compile time)" msgstr "Da (inițializat la compilare)" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md #, fuzzy msgid "Inlined wherever it is used" msgstr "Încărcat oriunde este utilizat" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Because `static` variables are accessible from any thread, they must be " "`Sync`. Interior mutability is possible through a [`Mutex`](https://doc.rust-" "lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html), atomic or similar." msgstr "" "Deoarece variabilele `statice` sunt accesibile din orice fir de execuție, " "ele trebuie să fie `Sync`. Mutabilitatea interioară este posibilă prin " "intermediul unui [`Mutex`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex." "html), atomic sau similar. De asemenea, este posibil să aveți variabile " "statice mutabile, dar acestea necesită sincronizare manuală, astfel încât " "orice acces la ele necesită cod `unsafe`. Ne vom uita la [mutable statics]" "(../unsafe/mutable-static-variables.md) în capitolul despre Unsafe Rust." #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md #, fuzzy msgid "Thread-local data can be created with the macro `std::thread_local`." msgstr "" "datele `thread_local` pot fi create cu ajutorul macroului `std::" "thread_local`." #: src/user-defined-types/aliases.md msgid "" "A type alias creates a name for another type. The two types can be used " "interchangeably." msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/aliases.md msgid "// Aliases are more useful with long, complex types:\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/aliases.md msgid "C programmers will recognize this as similar to a `typedef`." msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md msgid "" "We will create a data structure to represent an event in an elevator control " "system. It is up to you to define the types and functions to construct " "various events. Use `#[derive(Debug)]` to allow the types to be formatted " "with `{:?}`." msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md msgid "" "This exercise only requires creating and populating data structures so that " "`main` runs without errors. The next part of the course will cover getting " "data out of these structures." msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "" "/// An event in the elevator system that the controller must react to.\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md msgid "// TODO: add required variants\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "/// A direction of travel.\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "/// The car has arrived on the given floor.\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "/// The car doors have opened.\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "/// The car doors have closed.\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "" "/// A directional button was pressed in an elevator lobby on the given " "floor.\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "/// A floor button was pressed in the elevator car.\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "\"A ground floor passenger has pressed the up button: {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "\"The car has arrived on the ground floor: {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "\"The car door opened: {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "\"A passenger has pressed the 3rd floor button: {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "\"The car door closed: {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "\"The car has arrived on the 3rd floor: {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "/// A button was pressed.\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "/// The car has arrived at the given floor.\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "/// The car's doors have opened.\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "/// The car's doors have closed.\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "/// A floor is represented as an integer.\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "/// A user-accessible button.\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "/// A button in the elevator lobby on the given floor.\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "/// A floor button within the car.\n" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-2.md #, fuzzy msgid "Welcome to Day 2" msgstr "Bine ați venit în ziua 2" #: src/welcome-day-2.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Now that we have seen a fair amount of Rust, today will focus on Rust's type " "system:" msgstr "" "Acum, că am văzut o cantitate destul de mare de rugină, vom continua cu:" #: src/welcome-day-2.md #, fuzzy msgid "Pattern matching: extracting data from structures." msgstr "" "Găsirea de tipare: destructurarea enumerațiilor, structurilor și a " "tablourilor." #: src/welcome-day-2.md msgid "Methods: associating functions with types." msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-2.md msgid "Traits: behaviors shared by multiple types." msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-2.md msgid "Generics: parameterizing types on other types." msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-2.md msgid "" "Standard library types and traits: a tour of Rust's rich standard library." msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-2.md msgid "[Welcome](./welcome-day-2.md) (3 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-2.md #, fuzzy msgid "[Pattern Matching](./pattern-matching.md) (50 minutes)" msgstr "" "Consultați [pattern matching](../pattern-matching.md) pentru mai multe " "detalii despre tipare în Rust." #: src/welcome-day-2.md msgid "[Methods and Traits](./methods-and-traits.md) (55 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-2.md msgid "[Generics](./generics.md) (45 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-2.md src/welcome-day-4.md msgid "" "Including 10 minute breaks, this session should take about 3 hours and 5 " "minutes" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching.md msgid "[Destructuring](./pattern-matching/destructuring.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching.md msgid "[Let Control Flow](./pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching.md msgid "" "[Exercise: Expression Evaluation](./pattern-matching/exercise.md) (30 " "minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md msgid "Like tuples, structs and enums can also be destructured by matching:" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md msgid "Structs" msgstr "Structuri" #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md msgid "\"x.0 = 1, b = {b}, y = {y}\"" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md msgid "\"y = 2, x = {i:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md msgid "\"y = {y}, other fields were ignored\"" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Patterns can also be used to bind variables to parts of your values. This is " "how you inspect the structure of your types. Let us start with a simple " "`enum` type:" msgstr "" "Modelele pot fi, de asemenea, utilizate pentru a lega variabilele de părți " "ale valorilor dumneavoastră. În acest fel puteți inspecta structura " "tipurilor dumneavoastră. Să începem cu un tip simplu `enum`:" #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md msgid "\"cannot divide {n} into two equal parts\"" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md msgid "\"{n} divided in two is {half}\"" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md msgid "\"sorry, an error happened: {msg}\"" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Here we have used the arms to _destructure_ the `Result` value. In the first " "arm, `half` is bound to the value inside the `Ok` variant. In the second " "arm, `msg` is bound to the error message." msgstr "" "Aici am folosit brațele pentru a _destructura_ valoarea `Result`. În primul " "braț, `half` este legat de valoarea din interiorul variantei `Ok`. În al " "doilea braț, `msg` este legat de mesajul de eroare." #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md #, fuzzy msgid "Change the literal values in `foo` to match with the other patterns." msgstr "" "Modificați valorile literale din `foo` pentru a se potrivi cu celelalte " "modele." #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md #, fuzzy msgid "Add a new field to `Foo` and make changes to the pattern as needed." msgstr "" "Adăugați un nou câmp la `Foo` și modificați modelul după cum este necesar." #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The distinction between a capture and a constant expression can be hard to " "spot. Try changing the `2` in the second arm to a variable, and see that it " "subtly doesn't work. Change it to a `const` and see it working again." msgstr "" "Distincția dintre o captură și o expresie constantă poate fi greu de " "observat. Încercați să schimbați `2` din al doilea braț cu o variabilă și " "vedeți că, în mod subtil, nu mai funcționează. Schimbați-o într-o `const` și " "vedeți că funcționează din nou." #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The `if`/`else` expression is returning an enum that is later unpacked with " "a `match`." msgstr "" "Expresia `if`/`else` returnează o enumerație care este ulterior " "descompactată cu un `match`." #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You can try adding a third variant to the enum definition and displaying the " "errors when running the code. Point out the places where your code is now " "inexhaustive and how the compiler tries to give you hints." msgstr "" "Puteți încerca să adăugați o a treia variantă la definiția enumului și să " "afișați erorile atunci când executați codul. Evidențiați locurile în care " "codul dvs. este acum neexhaustiv și modul în care compilatorul încearcă să " "vă ofere indicii." #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The values in the enum variants can only be accessed after being pattern " "matched." msgstr "" "Valorile din variantele enum pot fi accesate numai după ce au fost comparate " "cu un model. Modelul leagă referințele la câmpurile din \"brațul de " "potrivire\" după `=>`." #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Demonstrate what happens when the search is inexhaustive. Note the advantage " "the Rust compiler provides by confirming when all cases are handled." msgstr "" "Demonstrați ce se întâmplă atunci când căutarea este neexhaustivă. Observați " "avantajul pe care îl oferă compilatorul Rust prin confirmarea momentului în " "care sunt tratate toate cazurile." #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md msgid "" "Save the result of `divide_in_two` in the `result` variable and `match` it " "in a loop. That won't compile because `msg` is consumed when matched. To fix " "it, match `&result` instead of `result`. That will make `msg` a reference so " "it won't be consumed. This [\"match ergonomics\"](https://rust-lang.github." "io/rfcs/2005-match-ergonomics.html) appeared in Rust 2018. If you want to " "support older Rust, replace `msg` with `ref msg` in the pattern." msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust has a few control flow constructs which differ from other languages. " "They are used for pattern matching:" msgstr "" "Rust are câteva construcții de flux de control care diferă de alte limbaje. " "Acestea sunt utilizate pentru potrivirea modelelor:" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md #, fuzzy msgid "`if let` expressions" msgstr "Expresii if let" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md #, fuzzy msgid "`while let` expressions" msgstr "Expresii while let" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md #, fuzzy msgid "`match` expressions" msgstr "expresii `match`" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The [`if let` expression](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/if-" "expr.html#if-let-expressions) lets you execute different code depending on " "whether a value matches a pattern:" msgstr "" "Expresia [`if let`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/if-expr." "html#if-let-expressions) vă permite să executați un cod diferit în funcție " "de potrivirea unei valori cu un model:" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md msgid "\"slept for {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md #, fuzzy msgid "`let else` expressions" msgstr "Expresii while let" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md msgid "" "For the common case of matching a pattern and returning from the function, " "use [`let else`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/flow_control/" "let_else.html). The \"else\" case must diverge (`return`, `break`, or panic " "- anything but falling off the end of the block)." msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md msgid "\"got None\"" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md msgid "\"got empty string\"" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md msgid "\"not a hex digit\"" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md src/pattern-matching/solution.md msgid "\"result: {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md src/generics/trait-bounds.md #: src/smart-pointers/solution.md src/testing/googletest.md #: src/testing/solution.md msgid "\"foo\"" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Like with `if let`, there is a [`while let`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" "reference/expressions/loop-expr.html#predicate-pattern-loops) variant which " "repeatedly tests a value against a pattern:" msgstr "" "Ca și în cazul lui `if let`, există o variantă [`while let`](https://doc." "rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/loop-expr.html#predicate-pattern-loops) " "care testează în mod repetat o valoare în raport cu un model:" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Here [`String::pop`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/string/struct." "String.html#method.pop) returns `Some(c)` until the string is empty, after " "which it will return `None`. The `while let` lets us keep iterating through " "all items." msgstr "" "Aici, iteratorul returnat de `v.into_iter()` va returna un `Option` la " "fiecare apel la `next()`. Acesta returnează `Some(x)` până când termină, " "după care va returna `None`. Metoda `while let` ne permite să continuăm " "iterația prin toate elementele." #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md msgid "if-let" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Unlike `match`, `if let` does not have to cover all branches. This can make " "it more concise than `match`." msgstr "" "Spre deosebire de `match`, `if let` nu trebuie să acopere toate ramurile. " "Acest lucru îl poate face mai concis decât `match`." #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md #, fuzzy msgid "A common usage is handling `Some` values when working with `Option`." msgstr "" "O utilizare obișnuită este manipularea valorilor `Some` atunci când se " "lucrează cu `Option`." #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Unlike `match`, `if let` does not support guard clauses for pattern matching." msgstr "" "Spre deosebire de `match`, `if let` nu acceptă clauze de protecție pentru " "potrivirea de tipare." #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md msgid "let-else" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md msgid "" "`if-let`s can pile up, as shown. The `let-else` construct supports " "flattening this nested code. Rewrite the awkward version for students, so " "they can see the transformation." msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md msgid "The rewritten version is:" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md #, fuzzy msgid "while-let" msgstr "bucle `while let`" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Point out that the `while let` loop will keep going as long as the value " "matches the pattern." msgstr "" "Precizați că bucla `while let` va continua atâta timp cât valoarea se " "potrivește cu modelul." #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You could rewrite the `while let` loop as an infinite loop with an if " "statement that breaks when there is no value to unwrap for `name.pop()`. The " "`while let` provides syntactic sugar for the above scenario." msgstr "" "Ați putea rescrie bucla `while let` ca o buclă infinită cu o instrucțiune if " "care se întrerupe atunci când nu mai există nicio valoare de desfăcut pentru " "`iter.next()`. `while let` oferă zahăr sintactic pentru scenariul de mai sus." #: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "Let's write a simple recursive evaluator for arithmetic expressions." msgstr "Să scriem un evaluator recursiv simplu pentru expresii aritmetice." #: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The `Box` type here is a smart pointer, and will be covered in detail later " "in the course. An expression can be \"boxed\" with `Box::new` as seen in the " "tests. To evaluate a boxed expression, use the deref operator (`*`) to " "\"unbox\" it: `eval(*boxed_expr)`." msgstr "" "Tipul `Box` de aici este un pointer inteligent și va fi tratat în detaliu " "mai târziu în curs. O expresie poate fi \"boxată\" cu `Box::new`, așa cum se " "vede în teste. Pentru a evalua o expresie boxată, utilizați operatorul deref " "pentru a o \"desface\": `eval(*boxed_expr)`." #: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Some expressions cannot be evaluated and will return an error. The standard " "[`Result`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/result/enum.Result." "html) type is an enum that represents either a successful value " "(`Ok(Value)`) or an error (`Err(String)`). We will cover this type in detail " "later." msgstr "" "Unele expresii nu pot fi evaluate și vor returna o eroare. Tipul `Res` " "reprezintă fie o valoare de succes, fie o eroare cu un mesaj. Acest tip este " "foarte asemănător cu `Result` din biblioteca standard, pe care îl vom vedea " "mai târziu." #: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Copy and paste the code into the Rust playground, and begin implementing " "`eval`. The final product should pass the tests. It may be helpful to use " "`todo!()` and get the tests to pass one-by-one. You can also skip a test " "temporarily with `#[ignore]`:" msgstr "" "Copiați și lipiți codul în locul de joacă Rust și începeți să implementați " "`eval`. Produsul final ar trebui să treacă testele. Poate fi util să " "folosiți `todo!()` și să obțineți testele să treacă unul câte unul." #: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "If you finish early, try writing a test that results in division by zero or " "integer overflow. How could you handle this with `Result` instead of a panic?" msgstr "" "Dacă terminați mai devreme, încercați să scrieți un test care are ca " "rezultat o depășire de număr întreg. Cum ați putea gestiona acest lucru cu " "`Res::Err` în loc de o panică?" #: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md src/pattern-matching/solution.md msgid "/// An operation to perform on two subexpressions.\n" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md src/pattern-matching/solution.md msgid "/// An expression, in tree form.\n" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md src/pattern-matching/solution.md msgid "/// An operation on two subexpressions.\n" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md src/pattern-matching/solution.md msgid "/// A literal value\n" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md src/pattern-matching/solution.md msgid "\"division by zero\"" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/solution.md msgid "\"expr: {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits.md msgid "[Methods](./methods-and-traits/methods.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits.md msgid "[Traits](./methods-and-traits/traits.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits.md msgid "[Deriving](./methods-and-traits/deriving.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits.md msgid "[Trait Objects](./methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits.md msgid "" "[Exercise: Generic Logger](./methods-and-traits/exercise.md) (20 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits.md msgid "This segment should take about 55 minutes" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust allows you to associate functions with your new types. You do this with " "an `impl` block:" msgstr "" "Rust vă permite să asociați funcții cu noile dvs. tipuri. Acest lucru se " "face cu ajutorul unui bloc `impl`:" #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md msgid "// No receiver, a static method\n" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md msgid "// Exclusive borrowed read-write access to self\n" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md msgid "// Shared and read-only borrowed access to self\n" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md msgid "\"Recorded {} laps for {}:\"" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md msgid "\"Lap {idx}: {lap} sec\"" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md msgid "// Exclusive ownership of self\n" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md msgid "\"Race {} is finished, total lap time: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md msgid "\"Monaco Grand Prix\"" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md msgid "// race.add_lap(42);\n" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The `self` arguments specify the \"receiver\" - the object the method acts " "on. There are several common receivers for a method:" msgstr "" "Simbolul `&self` de mai sus indică faptul că metoda împrumută obiectul în " "mod imuabil. Există și alți receptori posibili pentru o metodă:" #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`&self`: borrows the object from the caller using a shared and immutable " "reference. The object can be used again afterwards." msgstr "" "`&self`: împrumută obiectul de la apelant folosind o referință partajată și " "imuabilă. Obiectul poate fi utilizat din nou ulterior." #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`&mut self`: borrows the object from the caller using a unique and mutable " "reference. The object can be used again afterwards." msgstr "" "`&mut self`: împrumută obiectul de la apelant folosind o referință unică și " "mutabilă. Obiectul poate fi utilizat din nou ulterior." #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`self`: takes ownership of the object and moves it away from the caller. The " "method becomes the owner of the object. The object will be dropped " "(deallocated) when the method returns, unless its ownership is explicitly " "transmitted. Complete ownership does not automatically mean mutability." msgstr "" "`self`: preia proprietatea asupra obiectului și îl îndepărtează de la " "apelant. Metoda devine proprietarul obiectului. Obiectul va fi abandonat " "(dezalocat) la întoarcerea metodei, cu excepția cazului în care proprietatea " "sa este transmisă în mod explicit. Proprietatea completă nu înseamnă automat " "mutabilitate." #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md #, fuzzy msgid "`mut self`: same as above, but the method can mutate the object." msgstr "`mut self`: la fel ca mai sus, dar metoda poate muta obiectul." #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "No receiver: this becomes a static method on the struct. Typically used to " "create constructors which are called `new` by convention." msgstr "" "Fără receptor: aceasta devine o metodă statică pe structura. Se utilizează " "de obicei pentru a crea constructori care sunt numiți `new` prin convenție." #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md #, fuzzy msgid "It can be helpful to introduce methods by comparing them to functions." msgstr "" "Poate fi utilă introducerea metodelor prin compararea lor cu funcțiile." #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Methods are called on an instance of a type (such as a struct or enum), the " "first parameter represents the instance as `self`." msgstr "" "Metodele sunt apelate pe o instanță a unui tip (cum ar fi un struct sau " "enum), primul parametru reprezintă instanța ca `self`." #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Developers may choose to use methods to take advantage of method receiver " "syntax and to help keep them more organized. By using methods we can keep " "all the implementation code in one predictable place." msgstr "" "Dezvoltatorii pot alege să folosească metode pentru a profita de sintaxa " "receptorului de metode și pentru a le menține mai bine organizate. Prin " "utilizarea metodelor putem păstra tot codul de implementare într-un singur " "loc previzibil." #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md #, fuzzy msgid "Point out the use of the keyword `self`, a method receiver." msgstr "Indicați utilizarea cuvântului cheie `self`, un receptor de metodă." #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Show that it is an abbreviated term for `self: Self` and perhaps show how " "the struct name could also be used." msgstr "" "Arătați că este un termen prescurtat pentru \"sine\": Self` și, eventual, " "arătați cum ar putea fi folosit și numele structurii." #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Explain that `Self` is a type alias for the type the `impl` block is in and " "can be used elsewhere in the block." msgstr "" "Explicați că `Self` este un alias de tip pentru tipul în care se află blocul " "`impl` și poate fi utilizat în altă parte a blocului." #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Note how `self` is used like other structs and dot notation can be used to " "refer to individual fields." msgstr "" "Observați cum `self` este utilizat ca și alte structuri și cum notația cu " "puncte poate fi utilizată pentru a se referi la câmpuri individuale." #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "This might be a good time to demonstrate how the `&self` differs from `self` " "by trying to run `finish` twice." msgstr "" "Acesta ar putea fi un moment bun pentru a demonstra cum diferă `&self` de " "`self` prin modificarea codului și încercarea de a rula say_hello de două " "ori." #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Beyond variants on `self`, there are also [special wrapper types](https://" "doc.rust-lang.org/reference/special-types-and-traits.html) allowed to be " "receiver types, such as `Box`." msgstr "" "În afară de variantele lui `self`, există și [tipuri speciale de înveliș]" "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/special-types-and-traits.html) care pot " "fi tipuri de receptor, cum ar fi `Box`." #: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust lets you abstract over types with traits. They're similar to interfaces:" msgstr "" "Rust vă permite să abstractizați tipurile cu ajutorul trăsăturilor. Acestea " "sunt similare cu interfețele:" #: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md msgid "\"Oh you're a cutie! What's your name? {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md msgid "\"Woof, my name is {}!\"" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md msgid "\"Miau!\"" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md msgid "\"Fido\"" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md msgid "" "A trait defines a number of methods that types must have in order to " "implement the trait." msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md msgid "Traits are implemented in an `impl for { .. }` block." msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Traits may specify pre-implemented (provided) methods and methods that users " "are required to implement themselves. Provided methods can rely on required " "methods. In this case, `greet` is provided, and relies on `talk`." msgstr "" "Trăsăturile pot specifica metode preimplementate (implicite) și metode pe " "care utilizatorii trebuie să le implementeze ei înșiși. Metodele cu " "implementări implicite se pot baza pe metodele obligatorii." #: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md msgid "" "Supported traits can be automatically implemented for your custom types, as " "follows:" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md msgid "// Default trait adds `default` constructor.\n" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md msgid "// Clone trait adds `clone` method.\n" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md msgid "\"EldurScrollz\"" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md msgid "// Debug trait adds support for printing with `{:?}`.\n" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md msgid "\"{:?} vs. {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md msgid "" "Derivation is implemented with macros, and many crates provide useful derive " "macros to add useful functionality. For example, `serde` can derive " "serialization support for a struct using `#[derive(Serialize)]`." msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Trait objects allow for values of different types, for instance in a " "collection:" msgstr "" "Obiectele de trăsături permit valori de diferite tipuri, de exemplu într-o " "colecție:" #: src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md msgid "\"Hello, who are you? {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md #, fuzzy msgid "Memory layout after allocating `pets`:" msgstr "Dispunerea memoriei după alocarea `pets`:" #: src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "```bob\n" " Stack Heap\n" ".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " "- -.\n" ": : : :\n" ": pets : : +----+----+----+----" "+ :\n" ": +-----------+-------+ : : +-----+-----+ .->| F | i | d | o " "| :\n" ": | ptr | o---+---+-----+-->| o o | o o | | +----+----+----+----" "+ :\n" ": | len | 2 | : : +-|-|-+-|-|-+ " "`---------. :\n" ": | capacity | 2 | : : | | | | data " "| :\n" ": +-----------+-------+ : : | | | | +-------+--|-------" "+ :\n" ": : : | | | '-->| name | o, 4, 4 " "| :\n" ": : : | | | | age | 5 " "| :\n" "`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -' : | | | +-------+----------" "+ :\n" " : | | " "| :\n" " : | | | " "vtable :\n" " : | | | +----------------------" "+ :\n" " : | | '---->| \"::talk\" " "| :\n" " : | | +----------------------" "+ :\n" " : | " "| :\n" " : | | " "data :\n" " : | | +-------+-------" "+ :\n" " : | '-->| lives | 9 " "| :\n" " : | +-------+-------" "+ :\n" " : " "| :\n" " : | " "vtable :\n" " : | +----------------------" "+ :\n" " : '---->| \"::talk\" " "| :\n" " : +----------------------" "+ :\n" " : :\n" " '- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " "- -'\n" "```" msgstr "" "```bob\n" " Stiva Heap\n" ".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " "-.\n" ": : : :\n" ": animale de companie : : : +----+----+----+----+----+ :\n" ": +-----------+-------+ : : : +-----+-----+ .->| F | i | d | o | :\n" ": | ptr | o---++-+-+-----+-->| o o | o o | o o | | | +----+----+----" "+----+----+ :\n" ": | len | 2 | : : : +-|-|-|-+-|-|-|-+ `---------. :\n" ": | capacitate | 2 | : : | | | | | | date | :\n" ": +-----------+-------+ : : | | | | +-------+--|-------+ :\n" ": : : | | | | '-->|| nume | o, 4, 4 | :\n" ": : : | | | | | vârstă | 5 | :\n" "`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -' : | | | +-------+----------+ :\n" " : | | | :\n" " : | | | | vtable :\n" " : | | | +----------------------+ :\n" " : | | '---->| \"::" "talk\" | :\n" " : | | +----------------------+ :\n" " : | | :\n" " : | | date :\n" " : | | +-------+-------+ :\n" " : | '-->| vieți | 9 | :\n" " : | +-------+-------+ :\n" " : | :\n" " : | vtable :\n" " : | +----------------------+ :\n" " : '---->|| \"::talk\" | :\n" " : +----------------------+ :\n" " : :\n" " '- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " "- -'\n" "```" #: src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Types that implement a given trait may be of different sizes. This makes it " "impossible to have things like `Vec` in the example above." msgstr "" "Tipurile care implementează o anumită trăsătură pot avea dimensiuni " "diferite. Acest lucru face imposibilă existența unor lucruri precum `Vec` în exemplul de mai sus." #: src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`dyn Pet` is a way to tell the compiler about a dynamically sized type that " "implements `Pet`." msgstr "" "`dyn Pet` este o modalitate de a indica compilatorului un tip dimensionat " "dinamic care implementează `Pet`." #: src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "In the example, `pets` is allocated on the stack and the vector data is on " "the heap. The two vector elements are _fat pointers_:" msgstr "" "În acest exemplu, `pets` este alocat pe stivă, iar datele vectorului se află " "pe heap. Cele două elemente ale vectorului sunt _fat pointeri_:" #: src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "A fat pointer is a double-width pointer. It has two components: a pointer to " "the actual object and a pointer to the [virtual method table](https://en." "wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_method_table) (vtable) for the `Pet` " "implementation of that particular object." msgstr "" "Un pointer gras este un pointer cu lățime dublă. Acesta are două componente: " "un pointer la obiectul real și un pointer la [virtual method table](https://" "en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_method_table) (vtable) pentru implementarea " "`Pet` a obiectului respectiv." #: src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The data for the `Dog` named Fido is the `name` and `age` fields. The `Cat` " "has a `lives` field." msgstr "" "Datele pentru `Dog` numit Fido sunt câmpurile `name` și `age`. Pentru `Cat` " "există un câmp `lives`." #: src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md #, fuzzy msgid "Compare these outputs in the above example:" msgstr "Comparați aceste ieșiri în exemplul de mai sus:" #: src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md src/std-traits/closures.md msgid "\"{} {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md src/std-traits/exercise.md #: src/std-traits/solution.md src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md #: src/android/build-rules/library.md #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md msgid "\"{}\"" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md msgid "" "Let's design a simple logging utility, using a trait `Logger` with a `log` " "method. Code which might log its progress can then take an `&impl Logger`. " "In testing, this might put messages in the test logfile, while in a " "production build it would send messages to a log server." msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md msgid "" "However, the `StderrLogger` given below logs all messages, regardless of " "verbosity. Your task is to write a `VerbosityFilter` type that will ignore " "messages above a maximum verbosity." msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md msgid "" "This is a common pattern: a struct wrapping a trait implementation and " "implementing that same trait, adding behavior in the process. What other " "kinds of wrappers might be useful in a logging utility?" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md src/methods-and-traits/solution.md msgid "/// Log a message at the given verbosity level.\n" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md src/methods-and-traits/solution.md msgid "\"verbosity={verbosity}: {message}\"" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md src/methods-and-traits/solution.md msgid "\"FYI\"" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md src/methods-and-traits/solution.md msgid "\"Uhoh\"" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md msgid "// TODO: Define and implement `VerbosityFilter`.\n" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/solution.md msgid "/// Only log messages up to the given verbosity level.\n" msgstr "" #: src/generics.md msgid "[Generic Functions](./generics/generic-functions.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/generics.md msgid "[Generic Data Types](./generics/generic-data.md) (15 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/generics.md msgid "[Trait Bounds](./generics/trait-bounds.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/generics.md msgid "[impl Trait](./generics/impl-trait.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/generics.md msgid "[Exercise: Generic min](./generics/exercise.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/generics.md src/smart-pointers.md src/iterators.md src/error-handling.md msgid "This segment should take about 45 minutes" msgstr "" #: src/generics/generic-functions.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust supports generics, which lets you abstract algorithms or data " "structures (such as sorting or a binary tree) over the types used or stored." msgstr "" "Rust suportă generice, ceea ce vă permite să abstractizați algoritmi sau " "structuri de date (cum ar fi sortarea sau un arbore binar) peste tipurile " "utilizate sau stocate." #: src/generics/generic-functions.md msgid "/// Pick `even` or `odd` depending on the value of `n`.\n" msgstr "" #: src/generics/generic-functions.md msgid "\"picked a number: {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/generics/generic-functions.md msgid "\"picked a tuple: {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/generics/generic-functions.md msgid "\"dog\"" msgstr "" #: src/generics/generic-functions.md msgid "\"cat\"" msgstr "" #: src/generics/generic-functions.md msgid "" "Rust infers a type for T based on the types of the arguments and return " "value." msgstr "" #: src/generics/generic-functions.md msgid "" "This is similar to C++ templates, but Rust partially compiles the generic " "function immediately, so that function must be valid for all types matching " "the constraints. For example, try modifying `pick` to return `even + odd` if " "`n == 0`. Even if only the `pick` instantiation with integers is used, Rust " "still considers it invalid. C++ would let you do this." msgstr "" #: src/generics/generic-functions.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Generic code is turned into non-generic code based on the call sites. This " "is a zero-cost abstraction: you get exactly the same result as if you had " "hand-coded the data structures without the abstraction." msgstr "" "Aceasta este o abstractizare cu costuri zero: obțineți exact același " "rezultat ca și cum ați fi codat manual structurile de date fără " "abstractizare." #: src/generics/generic-data.md #, fuzzy msgid "You can use generics to abstract over the concrete field type:" msgstr "" "Puteți utiliza elementele generice pentru a face abstracție de tipul de câmp " "concret:" #: src/generics/generic-data.md msgid "// fn set_x(&mut self, x: T)\n" msgstr "" #: src/generics/generic-data.md msgid "\"{integer:?} and {float:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/generics/generic-data.md msgid "\"coords: {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/generics/generic-data.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "_Q:_ Why `T` is specified twice in `impl Point {}`? Isn't that " "redundant?" msgstr "" "întrebare: De ce `T` este specificat de două ori în `impl Point {}`? " "Nu este redundant?" #: src/generics/generic-data.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "This is because it is a generic implementation section for generic type. " "They are independently generic." msgstr "" "Acest lucru se datorează faptului că este o secțiune de implementare " "generică pentru un tip generic. Acestea sunt generice în mod independent." #: src/generics/generic-data.md #, fuzzy msgid "It means these methods are defined for any `T`." msgstr "Aceasta înseamnă că aceste metode sunt definite pentru orice `T`." #: src/generics/generic-data.md #, fuzzy msgid "It is possible to write `impl Point { .. }`." msgstr "Este posibil să se scrie `impl Point { .. }`. " #: src/generics/generic-data.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Point` is still generic and you can use `Point`, but methods in this " "block will only be available for `Point`." msgstr "" "`Point` este în continuare generic și puteți utiliza `Point`, dar " "metodele din acest bloc vor fi disponibile numai pentru `Point`." #: src/generics/generic-data.md msgid "" "Try declaring a new variable `let p = Point { x: 5, y: 10.0 };`. Update the " "code to allow points that have elements of different types, by using two " "type variables, e.g., `T` and `U`." msgstr "" #: src/generics/trait-bounds.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "When working with generics, you often want to require the types to implement " "some trait, so that you can call this trait's methods." msgstr "" "Atunci când lucrați cu generice, deseori doriți să solicitați ca tipurile să " "implementeze o anumită trăsătură, astfel încât să puteți apela metodele " "acestei trăsături." #: src/generics/trait-bounds.md #, fuzzy msgid "You can do this with `T: Trait` or `impl Trait`:" msgstr "Puteți face acest lucru cu `T: Trait` sau `impl Trait`:" #: src/generics/trait-bounds.md msgid "// struct NotClonable;\n" msgstr "" #: src/generics/trait-bounds.md msgid "\"{pair:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/generics/trait-bounds.md msgid "Try making a `NonClonable` and passing it to `duplicate`." msgstr "" #: src/generics/trait-bounds.md msgid "When multiple traits are necessary, use `+` to join them." msgstr "" #: src/generics/trait-bounds.md #, fuzzy msgid "Show a `where` clause, students will encounter it when reading code." msgstr "" "Arătați o clauză `where`, elevii o vor întâlni atunci când vor citi codul." #: src/generics/trait-bounds.md #, fuzzy msgid "It declutters the function signature if you have many parameters." msgstr "Declutinează semnătura funcției dacă aveți mulți parametri." #: src/generics/trait-bounds.md #, fuzzy msgid "It has additional features making it more powerful." msgstr "Are caracteristici suplimentare care îl fac mai puternic." #: src/generics/trait-bounds.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "If someone asks, the extra feature is that the type on the left of \":\" can " "be arbitrary, like `Option`." msgstr "" "Dacă cineva întreabă, caracteristica suplimentară este că tipul din stânga " "lui \":\" poate fi arbitrar, cum ar fi `Option`." #: src/generics/trait-bounds.md msgid "" "Note that Rust does not (yet) support specialization. For example, given the " "original `duplicate`, it is invalid to add a specialized `duplicate(a: u32)`." msgstr "" #: src/generics/impl-trait.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Similar to trait bounds, an `impl Trait` syntax can be used in function " "arguments and return values:" msgstr "" "La fel ca în cazul limitelor trăsăturilor, o sintaxă `impl Trait` poate fi " "utilizată în argumentele funcțiilor și în valorile de returnare:" #: src/generics/impl-trait.md msgid "" "// Syntactic sugar for:\n" "// fn add_42_millions>(x: T) -> i32 {\n" msgstr "" #: src/generics/impl-trait.md msgid "\"{many}\"" msgstr "" #: src/generics/impl-trait.md msgid "\"{many_more}\"" msgstr "" #: src/generics/impl-trait.md msgid "\"debuggable: {debuggable:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/generics/impl-trait.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`impl Trait` allows you to work with types which you cannot name. The " "meaning of `impl Trait` is a bit different in the different positions." msgstr "" "Semnificația lui `impl Trait` este puțin diferită în diferitele poziții." #: src/generics/impl-trait.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "For a parameter, `impl Trait` is like an anonymous generic parameter with a " "trait bound." msgstr "" "Pentru un parametru, `impl Trait` este ca un parametru generic anonim cu o " "trăsătură legată." #: src/generics/impl-trait.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "For a return type, it means that the return type is some concrete type that " "implements the trait, without naming the type. This can be useful when you " "don't want to expose the concrete type in a public API." msgstr "" "Pentru un tip de returnare, înseamnă că tipul de returnare este un tip " "concret care implementează trăsătura, fără a numi tipul. Acest lucru poate " "fi util atunci când nu doriți să expuneți tipul concret într-o API publică." #: src/generics/impl-trait.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Inference is hard in return position. A function returning `impl Foo` picks " "the concrete type it returns, without writing it out in the source. A " "function returning a generic type like `collect() -> B` can return any " "type satisfying `B`, and the caller may need to choose one, such as with " "`let x: Vec<_> = foo.collect()` or with the turbofish, `foo.collect::" ">()`." msgstr "" "Inferența este dificilă în poziția de retur. O funcție care returnează `impl " "Foo` alege tipul concret pe care îl returnează, fără a scrie acest lucru în " "sursă. O funcție care returnează un tip generic, cum ar fi `collect() -" "> B`, poate returna orice tip care satisface `B`, iar apelantul poate fi " "nevoit să aleagă unul, ca în cazul lui `let x: Vec<_> = foo.collect()` sau " "cu turbofishul, `foo.collect::<Vec<_>>()`." #: src/generics/impl-trait.md msgid "" "What is the type of `debuggable`? Try `let debuggable: () = ..` to see what " "the error message shows." msgstr "" #: src/generics/exercise.md msgid "" "In this short exercise, you will implement a generic `min` function that " "determines the minimum of two values, using a `LessThan` trait." msgstr "" #: src/generics/exercise.md src/generics/solution.md msgid "/// Return true if self is less than other.\n" msgstr "" #: src/generics/exercise.md msgid "// TODO: implement the `min` function used in `main`.\n" msgstr "" #: src/generics/exercise.md src/generics/solution.md msgid "\"Shapiro\"" msgstr "" #: src/generics/exercise.md src/generics/solution.md msgid "\"Baumann\"" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-2-afternoon.md msgid "[Standard Library Types](./std-types.md) (1 hour and 10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-2-afternoon.md msgid "[Standard Library Traits](./std-traits.md) (1 hour and 40 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/std-types.md msgid "[Standard Library](./std-types/std.md) (3 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/std-types.md msgid "[Documentation](./std-types/docs.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/std-types.md msgid "[Option](./std-types/option.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/std-types.md msgid "[Result](./std-types/result.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/std-types.md msgid "[String](./std-types/string.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/std-types.md msgid "[Vec](./std-types/vec.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/std-types.md msgid "[HashMap](./std-types/hashmap.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/std-types.md msgid "[Exercise: Counter](./std-types/exercise.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/std-types.md src/memory-management.md src/slices-and-lifetimes.md msgid "This segment should take about 1 hour and 10 minutes" msgstr "" #: src/std-types.md msgid "" "For each of the slides in this section, spend some time reviewing the " "documentation pages, highlighting some of the more common methods." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/std.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust comes with a standard library which helps establish a set of common " "types used by Rust libraries and programs. This way, two libraries can work " "together smoothly because they both use the same `String` type." msgstr "" "Rust vine cu o bibliotecă standard care ajută la stabilirea unui set de " "tipuri comune utilizate de bibliotecile și programele Rust. În acest fel, " "două biblioteci pot lucra împreună fără probleme, deoarece ambele utilizează " "același tip `String`." #: src/std-types/std.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "In fact, Rust contains several layers of the Standard Library: `core`, " "`alloc` and `std`." msgstr "" "De fapt, Rust conține mai multe straturi ale bibliotecii standard: `core`, " "`alloc` și `std`." #: src/std-types/std.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`core` includes the most basic types and functions that don't depend on " "`libc`, allocator or even the presence of an operating system." msgstr "" "`core` include cele mai de bază tipuri și funcții care nu depind de `libc`, " "de alocator sau chiar de prezența unui sistem de operare." #: src/std-types/std.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`alloc` includes types which require a global heap allocator, such as `Vec`, " "`Box` and `Arc`." msgstr "" "`alloc` include tipuri care necesită un alocator global de heap, cum ar fi " "`Vec`, `Box` și `Arc`." #: src/std-types/std.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Embedded Rust applications often only use `core`, and sometimes `alloc`." msgstr "" "Aplicațiile Rust încorporate folosesc adesea doar `core` și uneori `alloc`." #: src/std-types/docs.md msgid "Rust comes with extensive documentation. For example:" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/docs.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "All of the details about [loops](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/reference/" "expressions/loop-expr.html)." msgstr "" "Dacă doriți să ieșiți mai devreme dintr-o buclă, utilizați [`break`](https://" "doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/loop-expr.html#break-expressions)," #: src/std-types/docs.md msgid "" "Primitive types like [`u8`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/primitive." "u8.html)." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/docs.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Standard library types like [`Option`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/" "option/enum.Option.html) or [`BinaryHeap`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/" "std/collections/struct.BinaryHeap.html)." msgstr "" "[`str`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/primitive.str.html) și [`String`]" "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/struct.String.html)" #: src/std-types/docs.md msgid "In fact, you can document your own code:" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/docs.md msgid "" "/// Determine whether the first argument is divisible by the second " "argument.\n" "///\n" "/// If the second argument is zero, the result is false.\n" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/docs.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The contents are treated as Markdown. All published Rust library crates are " "automatically documented at [`docs.rs`](https://docs.rs) using the [rustdoc]" "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/rustdoc/what-is-rustdoc.html) tool. It is " "idiomatic to document all public items in an API using this pattern." msgstr "" "Conținutul este tratat ca Markdown. Toate crăițele de bibliotecă Rust " "publicate sunt documentate automat la [`docs.rs`](https://docs.rs) folosind " "instrumentul [rustdoc](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rustdoc/what-is-rustdoc." "html). Este idiomatic să se documenteze toate elementele publice dintr-o API " "folosind acest model. Fragmentele de cod pot documenta utilizarea și vor fi " "utilizate ca teste unitare." #: src/std-types/docs.md msgid "" "To document an item from inside the item (such as inside a module), use `//!" "` or `/*! .. */`, called \"inner doc comments\":" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/docs.md msgid "" "//! This module contains functionality relating to divisibility of " "integers.\n" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/docs.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Show students the generated docs for the `rand` crate at ." msgstr "" "Arătați studenților documentația generată pentru crăiasa `rand` la [`docs.rs/" "rand`](https://docs.rs/rand)." #: src/std-types/option.md #, fuzzy msgid "Option" msgstr "Excepții" #: src/std-types/option.md msgid "" "We have already seen some use of `Option`. It stores either a value of " "type `T` or nothing. For example, [`String::find`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" "stable/std/string/struct.String.html#method.find) returns an `Option`." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/option.md msgid "\"Löwe 老虎 Léopard Gepardi\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/option.md msgid "'é'" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/option.md msgid "\"find returned {position:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/option.md msgid "'Z'" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/option.md msgid "\"Character not found\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/option.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Option` is widely used, not just in the standard library." msgstr "" "`Option` și `Result` sunt utilizate pe scară largă, nu doar în biblioteca " "standard." #: src/std-types/option.md msgid "" "`unwrap` will return the value in an `Option`, or panic. `expect` is similar " "but takes an error message." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/option.md msgid "" "You can panic on None, but you can't \"accidentally\" forget to check for " "None." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/option.md msgid "" "It's common to `unwrap`/`expect` all over the place when hacking something " "together, but production code typically handles `None` in a nicer fashion." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/option.md msgid "" "The niche optimization means that `Option` often has the same size in " "memory as `T`." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/result.md msgid "Result" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/result.md msgid "" "`Result` is similar to `Option`, but indicates the success or failure of an " "operation, each with a different type. This is similar to the `Res` defined " "in the expression exercise, but generic: `Result` where `T` is used in " "the `Ok` variant and `E` appears in the `Err` variant." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/result.md msgid "\"diary.txt\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/result.md msgid "\"Dear diary: {contents} ({bytes} bytes)\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/result.md msgid "\"Could not read file content\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/result.md msgid "\"The diary could not be opened: {err}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/result.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "As with `Option`, the successful value sits inside of `Result`, forcing the " "developer to explicitly extract it. This encourages error checking. In the " "case where an error should never happen, `unwrap()` or `expect()` can be " "called, and this is a signal of the developer intent too." msgstr "" "Ca și în cazul lui `Option`, valoarea de succes se află în interiorul lui " "`Result`, obligând dezvoltatorul să o extragă în mod explicit. Acest lucru " "încurajează verificarea erorilor. În cazul în care o eroare nu ar trebui să " "apară niciodată, se poate apela la `unwrap()` sau `expect()`, iar acesta " "este și el un semnal al intenției dezvoltatorului." #: src/std-types/result.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Result` documentation is a recommended read. Not during the course, but it " "is worth mentioning. It contains a lot of convenience methods and functions " "that help functional-style programming." msgstr "" "documentația `Result` este o lectură recomandată. Nu în timpul cursului, dar " "merită să fie menționată. Conține o mulțime de metode și funcții " "convenabile care ajută la programarea în stil funcțional." #: src/std-types/result.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Result` is the standard type to implement error handling as we will see on " "Day 3." msgstr "" "`Result` este tipul standard pentru a implementa gestionarea erorilor, după " "cum vom vedea în ziua 3." #: src/std-types/string.md msgid "String" msgstr "Sir" #: src/std-types/string.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`String`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/struct.String.html) is the " "standard heap-allocated growable UTF-8 string buffer:" msgstr "" "[`String`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/struct.String.html) este " "bufferul standard de șiruri UTF-8, cu alocare în heap, care poate crește:" #: src/std-types/string.md src/std-traits/read-and-write.md #: src/memory-management/review.md src/testing/unit-tests.md #: src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md msgid "\"Hello\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/string.md msgid "\"s1: len = {}, capacity = {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/string.md msgid "'!'" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/string.md msgid "\"s2: len = {}, capacity = {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/string.md msgid "\"🇨🇭\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/string.md msgid "\"s3: len = {}, number of chars = {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/string.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`String` implements [`Deref`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/" "string/struct.String.html#deref-methods-str), which means that you can call " "all `str` methods on a `String`." msgstr "" "`String` implementează [`Deref`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/" "string/struct.String.html#deref-methods-str), ceea ce înseamnă că puteți " "apela toate metodele `str` pe un `String`." #: src/std-types/string.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`String::new` returns a new empty string, use `String::with_capacity` when " "you know how much data you want to push to the string." msgstr "" "`String::new` returnează un nou șir de caractere gol, utilizați `String::" "with_capacity` atunci când știți câte date doriți să introduceți în șir." #: src/std-types/string.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`String::len` returns the size of the `String` in bytes (which can be " "different from its length in characters)." msgstr "" "`String::len` returnează dimensiunea șirului `String` în octeți (care poate " "fi diferită de lungimea sa în caractere)." #: src/std-types/string.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`String::chars` returns an iterator over the actual characters. Note that a " "`char` can be different from what a human will consider a \"character\" due " "to [grapheme clusters](https://docs.rs/unicode-segmentation/latest/" "unicode_segmentation/struct.Graphemes.html)." msgstr "" "`String::chars` returnează un iterator peste caracterele actuale. Rețineți " "că un `char` poate fi diferit de ceea ce un om va considera un \"caracter\" " "din cauza [grapheme clusters](https://docs.rs/unicode-segmentation/latest/" "unicode_segmentation/struct.Graphemes.html)." #: src/std-types/string.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "When people refer to strings they could either be talking about `&str` or " "`String`." msgstr "" "Atunci când oamenii se referă la șiruri de caractere, ei pot vorbi fie " "despre `&str`, fie despre `String`." #: src/std-types/string.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "When a type implements `Deref`, the compiler will let you " "transparently call methods from `T`." msgstr "" "Atunci când un tip implementează `Deref`, compilatorul vă va " "permite să apelați în mod transparent metodele din `T`." #: src/std-types/string.md msgid "" "We haven't discussed the `Deref` trait yet, so at this point this mostly " "explains the structure of the sidebar in the documentation." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/string.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`String` implements `Deref` which transparently gives it " "access to `str`'s methods." msgstr "" "`String` implementează `Deref`, ceea ce îi oferă în mod " "transparent acces la metodele lui `str`." #: src/std-types/string.md #, fuzzy msgid "Write and compare `let s3 = s1.deref();` and `let s3 = &*s1;`." msgstr "Scrieți și comparați `let s3 = s1.deref();` și `let s3 = &*s1;`." #: src/std-types/string.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`String` is implemented as a wrapper around a vector of bytes, many of the " "operations you see supported on vectors are also supported on `String`, but " "with some extra guarantees." msgstr "" "`String` este implementat ca un înveliș în jurul unui vector de octeți, " "multe dintre operațiile pe care le vedeți acceptate pentru vectori sunt " "acceptate și pentru `String`, dar cu unele garanții suplimentare." #: src/std-types/string.md #, fuzzy msgid "Compare the different ways to index a `String`:" msgstr "Comparați diferitele moduri de a indexa un `String`:" #: src/std-types/string.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "To a character by using `s3.chars().nth(i).unwrap()` where `i` is in-bound, " "out-of-bounds." msgstr "" "La un caracter prin utilizarea `s3.chars().nth(i).unwrap()` unde `i` este în " "interiorul limitelor, în afara limitelor." #: src/std-types/string.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "To a substring by using `s3[0..4]`, where that slice is on character " "boundaries or not." msgstr "" "La o subșiră folosind `s3[0..4]`, unde acea felie se află sau nu la limitele " "caracterelor." #: src/std-types/vec.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`Vec`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec.html) is the standard " "resizable heap-allocated buffer:" msgstr "" "[`Vec`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec.html) este un buffer " "standard redimensionabil alocat pe heap:" #: src/std-types/vec.md msgid "\"v1: len = {}, capacity = {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/vec.md msgid "\"v2: len = {}, capacity = {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/vec.md msgid "// Canonical macro to initialize a vector with elements.\n" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/vec.md msgid "// Retain only the even elements.\n" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/vec.md msgid "\"{v3:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/vec.md msgid "// Remove consecutive duplicates.\n" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/vec.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Vec` implements [`Deref`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/" "struct.Vec.html#deref-methods-%5BT%5D), which means that you can call slice " "methods on a `Vec`." msgstr "" "`Vec` implementează [`Deref`]](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/" "vec/struct.Vec.html#deref-methods-%5BT%5D), ceea ce înseamnă că puteți apela " "metode de feliere pe un `Vec`." #: src/std-types/vec.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Vec` is a type of collection, along with `String` and `HashMap`. The data " "it contains is stored on the heap. This means the amount of data doesn't " "need to be known at compile time. It can grow or shrink at runtime." msgstr "" "`Vec` este un tip de colecție, alături de `String` și `HashMap`. Datele pe " "care le conține sunt stocate în heap. Acest lucru înseamnă că nu este " "necesar să se cunoască cantitatea de date în momentul compilării. Aceasta " "poate crește sau se poate micșora în timpul execuției." #: src/std-types/vec.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Notice how `Vec` is a generic type too, but you don't have to specify `T` " "explicitly. As always with Rust type inference, the `T` was established " "during the first `push` call." msgstr "" "Observați cum `Vec` este și el un tip generic, dar nu trebuie să " "specificați `T` în mod explicit. Ca întotdeauna în cazul inferenței de tip " "Rust, `T` a fost stabilit în timpul primului apel `push`." #: src/std-types/vec.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`vec![...]` is a canonical macro to use instead of `Vec::new()` and it " "supports adding initial elements to the vector." msgstr "" "`vec![...]` este o macro canonică care poate fi utilizată în locul lui `Vec::" "new()` și permite adăugarea de elemente inițiale în vector." #: src/std-types/vec.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "To index the vector you use `[` `]`, but they will panic if out of bounds. " "Alternatively, using `get` will return an `Option`. The `pop` function will " "remove the last element." msgstr "" "Pentru a indexa vectorul se folosește `[` ` `]` `, dar se va crea panică " "dacă este în afara limitelor. Alternativ, folosind `get` se va returna un " "`Option`. Funcția `pop` va elimina ultimul element." #: src/std-types/vec.md msgid "" "Slices are covered on day 3. For now, students only need to know that a " "value of type `Vec` gives access to all of the documented slice methods, too." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/hashmap.md #, fuzzy msgid "Standard hash map with protection against HashDoS attacks:" msgstr "Hartă hash standard cu protecție împotriva atacurilor HashDoS:" #: src/std-types/hashmap.md msgid "\"Adventures of Huckleberry Finn\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/hashmap.md msgid "\"Grimms' Fairy Tales\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/hashmap.md msgid "\"Pride and Prejudice\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/hashmap.md msgid "\"Les Misérables\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/hashmap.md msgid "\"We know about {} books, but not Les Misérables.\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/hashmap.md msgid "\"Alice's Adventure in Wonderland\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/hashmap.md msgid "\"{book}: {count} pages\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/hashmap.md msgid "\"{book} is unknown.\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/hashmap.md msgid "// Use the .entry() method to insert a value if nothing is found.\n" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/hashmap.md msgid "\"{page_counts:#?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/hashmap.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`HashMap` is not defined in the prelude and needs to be brought into scope." msgstr "" "`HashMap` nu este definit în preludiu și trebuie să fie adus în domeniul de " "aplicare." #: src/std-types/hashmap.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Try the following lines of code. The first line will see if a book is in the " "hashmap and if not return an alternative value. The second line will insert " "the alternative value in the hashmap if the book is not found." msgstr "" "Încercați următoarele linii de cod. Prima linie va verifica dacă o carte se " "află în hashmap și, în caz contrar, va returna o valoare alternativă. A doua " "linie va introduce valoarea alternativă în hashmap dacă nu se găsește cartea." #: src/std-types/hashmap.md msgid "\"Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/hashmap.md msgid "\"The Hunger Games\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/hashmap.md #, fuzzy msgid "Unlike `vec!`, there is unfortunately no standard `hashmap!` macro." msgstr "" "Spre deosebire de `vec!`, din păcate nu există o macro standard `hashmap!`." #: src/std-types/hashmap.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Although, since Rust 1.56, HashMap implements [`From<[(K, V); N]>`](https://" "doc.rust-lang.org/std/collections/hash_map/struct.HashMap.html#impl-" "From%3C%5B(K,+V);+N%5D%3E-for-HashMap%3CK,+V,+RandomState%3E), which allows " "us to easily initialize a hash map from a literal array:" msgstr "" "Cu toate că, începând cu Rust 1.56, HashMap implementează [`From<[(K, V); " "N]>`]](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/collections/hash_map/struct.HashMap." "html#impl-From%3C%5B(K,+V);+N%5D%3E-for-HashMap%3CK,+V,+RandomState%3E), " "ceea ce ne permite să inițializăm cu ușurință o hartă hash dintr-o matrice " "literală:" #: src/std-types/hashmap.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Alternatively HashMap can be built from any `Iterator` which yields key-" "value tuples." msgstr "" "Alternativ, HashMap poate fi construit din orice `Iterator` care produce " "tupluri cheie-valoare." #: src/std-types/hashmap.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "We are showing `HashMap`, and avoid using `&str` as key to make " "examples easier. Using references in collections can, of course, be done, " "but it can lead into complications with the borrow checker." msgstr "" "Prezentăm `HashMap` și evităm să folosim `&str` ca cheie pentru " "a face exemplele mai ușoare. Folosirea referințelor în colecții se poate " "face, desigur, dar poate duce la complicații cu verificatorul de împrumuturi." #: src/std-types/hashmap.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Try removing `to_string()` from the example above and see if it still " "compiles. Where do you think we might run into issues?" msgstr "" "Încercați să eliminați `to_string()` din exemplul de mai sus și vedeți dacă " "se compilează în continuare. Unde credeți că am putea întâmpina probleme?" #: src/std-types/hashmap.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "This type has several \"method-specific\" return types, such as `std::" "collections::hash_map::Keys`. These types often appear in searches of the " "Rust docs. Show students the docs for this type, and the helpful link back " "to the `keys` method." msgstr "" "Acest tip are mai multe tipuri de returnare \"specifice metodei\", cum ar fi " "`std::collections::hash_map::Keys`. Aceste tipuri apar adesea în căutările " "din documentele Rust. Arătați studenților documentația pentru acest tip și " "legătura utilă către metoda `keys`." #: src/std-types/exercise.md msgid "" "In this exercise you will take a very simple data structure and make it " "generic. It uses a [`std::collections::HashMap`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" "stable/std/collections/struct.HashMap.html) to keep track of which values " "have been seen and how many times each one has appeared." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/exercise.md msgid "" "The initial version of `Counter` is hard coded to only work for `u32` " "values. Make the struct and its methods generic over the type of value being " "tracked, that way `Counter` can track any type of value." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/exercise.md msgid "" "If you finish early, try using the [`entry`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" "stable/std/collections/struct.HashMap.html#method.entry) method to halve the " "number of hash lookups required to implement the `count` method." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/exercise.md src/std-types/solution.md msgid "" "/// Counter counts the number of times each value of type T has been seen.\n" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/exercise.md src/std-types/solution.md msgid "/// Create a new Counter.\n" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/exercise.md src/std-types/solution.md msgid "/// Count an occurrence of the given value.\n" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/exercise.md src/std-types/solution.md msgid "/// Return the number of times the given value has been seen.\n" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/exercise.md src/std-types/solution.md msgid "\"saw {} values equal to {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/exercise.md src/std-types/solution.md msgid "\"apple\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/exercise.md src/std-types/solution.md msgid "\"orange\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/exercise.md src/std-types/solution.md msgid "\"got {} apples\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits.md msgid "[Comparisons](./std-traits/comparisons.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits.md msgid "[Operators](./std-traits/operators.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits.md msgid "[From and Into](./std-traits/from-and-into.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits.md msgid "[Casting](./std-traits/casting.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits.md msgid "[Read and Write](./std-traits/read-and-write.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits.md msgid "[Default, struct update syntax](./std-traits/default.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits.md msgid "[Closures](./std-traits/closures.md) (20 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits.md msgid "[Exercise: ROT13](./std-traits/exercise.md) (30 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits.md msgid "This segment should take about 1 hour and 40 minutes" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits.md msgid "" "As with the standard-library types, spend time reviewing the documentation " "for each trait." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits.md msgid "This section is long. Take a break midway through." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/comparisons.md msgid "" "These traits support comparisons between values. All traits can be derived " "for types containing fields that implement these traits." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/comparisons.md msgid "`PartialEq` and `Eq`" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/comparisons.md msgid "" "`PartialEq` is a partial equivalence relation, with required method `eq` and " "provided method `ne`. The `==` and `!=` operators will call these methods." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/comparisons.md msgid "" "`Eq` is a full equivalence relation (reflexive, symmetric, and transitive) " "and implies `PartialEq`. Functions that require full equivalence will use " "`Eq` as a trait bound." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/comparisons.md #, fuzzy msgid "`PartialOrd` and `Ord`" msgstr "`Read` și `Write`" #: src/std-traits/comparisons.md msgid "" "`PartialOrd` defines a partial ordering, with a `partial_cmp` method. It is " "used to implement the `<`, `<=`, `>=`, and `>` operators." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/comparisons.md msgid "`Ord` is a total ordering, with `cmp` returning `Ordering`." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/comparisons.md msgid "" "`PartialEq` can be implemented between different types, but `Eq` cannot, " "because it is reflexive:" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/comparisons.md msgid "" "In practice, it's common to derive these traits, but uncommon to implement " "them." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/operators.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Operator overloading is implemented via traits in [`std::ops`](https://doc." "rust-lang.org/std/ops/index.html):" msgstr "" "Supraîncărcarea operatorilor este implementată prin intermediul trăsăturilor " "în [`std::ops`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/index.html):" #: src/std-traits/operators.md msgid "\"{:?} + {:?} = {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/operators.md src/memory-management/drop.md #, fuzzy msgid "Discussion points:" msgstr "Puncte de discuție:" #: src/std-traits/operators.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You could implement `Add` for `&Point`. In which situations is that useful?" msgstr "Ați putea implementa `Add` pentru `&Point`. În ce situații este utilă?" #: src/std-traits/operators.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Answer: `Add:add` consumes `self`. If type `T` for which you are overloading " "the operator is not `Copy`, you should consider overloading the operator for " "`&T` as well. This avoids unnecessary cloning on the call site." msgstr "" "Răspuns: `Add:add` consumă `self`. Dacă tipul `T` pentru care supraîncărcați " "operatorul nu este `Copy`, ar trebui să luați în considerare supraîncărcarea " "operatorului și pentru `&T`. Astfel se evită clonarea inutilă pe locul de " "apel." #: src/std-traits/operators.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Why is `Output` an associated type? Could it be made a type parameter of the " "method?" msgstr "" "De ce este `Output` un tip asociat? Ar putea fi transformat într-un " "parametru de tip al metodei?" #: src/std-traits/operators.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Short answer: Function type parameters are controlled by the caller, but " "associated types (like `Output`) are controlled by the implementer of a " "trait." msgstr "" "Răspuns scurt: Parametrii de tip funcție sunt controlați de către apelant, " "dar tipurile asociate (cum ar fi `Output`) sunt controlate de către " "implementatorul unei trăsături." #: src/std-traits/operators.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You could implement `Add` for two different types, e.g. `impl Add<(i32, " "i32)> for Point` would add a tuple to a `Point`." msgstr "" "Ați putea implementa `Add` pentru două tipuri diferite, de exemplu, `impl " "Add<(i32, i32)> pentru Point` ar adăuga un tuple la un `Point`." #: src/std-traits/from-and-into.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Types implement [`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From." "html) and [`Into`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) to " "facilitate type conversions:" msgstr "" "Tipurile implementează [`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait." "From.html) și [`Into`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into." "html) pentru a facilita conversiile de tip:" #: src/std-traits/from-and-into.md msgid "\"{s}, {addr}, {one}, {bigger}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/from-and-into.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`Into`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) is " "automatically implemented when [`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/" "convert/trait.From.html) is implemented:" msgstr "" "[`Into`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) este " "implementat automat atunci când este implementat [`From`](https://doc.rust-" "lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html):" #: src/std-traits/from-and-into.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "That's why it is common to only implement `From`, as your type will get " "`Into` implementation too." msgstr "" "De aceea, este obișnuit să se implementeze doar `From`, deoarece tipul tău " "va primi și implementarea `Into`." #: src/std-traits/from-and-into.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "When declaring a function argument input type like \"anything that can be " "converted into a `String`\", the rule is opposite, you should use `Into`. " "Your function will accept types that implement `From` and those that _only_ " "implement `Into`." msgstr "" "Atunci când declarați un tip de intrare de argument de funcție de tipul " "\"orice poate fi convertit într-un `String`\", regula este opusă, trebuie să " "utilizați `Into`. Funcția dvs. va accepta tipurile care implementează `From` " "și cele care implementează _doar_ `Into`." #: src/std-traits/casting.md msgid "" "Rust has no _implicit_ type conversions, but does support explicit casts " "with `as`. These generally follow C semantics where those are defined." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/casting.md msgid "\"as u16: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/casting.md msgid "\"as i16: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/casting.md msgid "\"as u8: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/casting.md msgid "" "The results of `as` are _always_ defined in Rust and consistent across " "platforms. This might not match your intuition for changing sign or casting " "to a smaller type -- check the docs, and comment for clarity." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/casting.md msgid "" "Casting with `as` is a relatively sharp tool that is easy to use " "incorrectly, and can be a source of subtle bugs as future maintenance work " "changes the types that are used or the ranges of values in types. Casts are " "best used only when the intent is to indicate unconditional truncation (e.g. " "selecting the bottom 32 bits of a `u64` with `as u32`, regardless of what " "was in the high bits)." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/casting.md msgid "" "For infallible casts (e.g. `u32` to `u64`), prefer using `From` or `Into` " "over `as` to confirm that the cast is in fact infallible. For fallible " "casts, `TryFrom` and `TryInto` are available when you want to handle casts " "that fit differently from those that don't." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/casting.md msgid "Consider taking a break after this slide." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/casting.md msgid "" "`as` is similar to a C++ static cast. Use of `as` in cases where data might " "be lost is generally discouraged, or at least deserves an explanatory " "comment." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/casting.md msgid "This is common in casting integers to `usize` for use as an index." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Using [`Read`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Read.html) and " "[`BufRead`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.BufRead.html), you can " "abstract over `u8` sources:" msgstr "" "Folosind [`Read`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Read.html) și " "[`BufRead`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.BufRead.html), puteți " "face abstracție de sursele `u8`:" #: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md msgid "b\"foo\\nbar\\nbaz\\n\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md msgid "\"lines in slice: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md msgid "\"lines in file: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Similarly, [`Write`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Write.html) lets " "you abstract over `u8` sinks:" msgstr "" "În mod similar, [`Write`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Write.html) " "vă permite să faceți abstracție de `u8` sink-uri:" #: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md msgid "\"\\n\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md msgid "\"World\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md msgid "\"Logged: {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/default.md #, fuzzy msgid "The `Default` Trait" msgstr "Trăsătura `Default` (implicit)" #: src/std-traits/default.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`Default`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/default/trait.Default.html) trait " "produces a default value for a type." msgstr "" "[`Default`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/default/trait.Default.html) " "caracteristica produce o valoare implicită pentru un tip." #: src/std-traits/default.md msgid "\"John Smith\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/default.md msgid "\"{default_struct:#?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/default.md msgid "\"Y is set!\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/default.md msgid "\"{almost_default_struct:#?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/default.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "\"{:#?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/default.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "It can be implemented directly or it can be derived via `#[derive(Default)]`." msgstr "" "Poate fi implementat direct sau poate fi derivat prin `#[derive(Default)]`." #: src/std-traits/default.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "A derived implementation will produce a value where all fields are set to " "their default values." msgstr "" "O implementare derivată va produce o valoare în care toate câmpurile sunt " "setate la valorile lor implicite." #: src/std-traits/default.md #, fuzzy msgid "This means all types in the struct must implement `Default` too." msgstr "" "Aceasta înseamnă că toate tipurile din structura trebuie să implementeze și " "`Default`." #: src/std-traits/default.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Standard Rust types often implement `Default` with reasonable values (e.g. " "`0`, `\"\"`, etc)." msgstr "" "Tipurile standard Rust implementează adesea `Default` cu valori rezonabile " "(de exemplu, `0`, `\"\"`, etc.)." #: src/std-traits/default.md #, fuzzy msgid "The partial struct initialization works nicely with default." msgstr "Copierea parțială a structurii funcționează bine în mod implicit." #: src/std-traits/default.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The Rust standard library is aware that types can implement `Default` and " "provides convenience methods that use it." msgstr "" "Biblioteca standard Rust este conștientă de faptul că tipurile pot " "implementa `Default` și oferă metode de conveniență care îl utilizează." #: src/std-traits/default.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The `..` syntax is called [struct update syntax](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" "book/ch05-01-defining-structs.html#creating-instances-from-other-instances-" "with-struct-update-syntax)." msgstr "" "sintaxa `..` se numește [struct update syntax](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" "book/ch05-01-defining-structs.html#creating-instances-from-other-instances-" "with-struct-update-syntax)" #: src/std-traits/closures.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Closures or lambda expressions have types which cannot be named. However, " "they implement special [`Fn`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Fn." "html), [`FnMut`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.FnMut.html), and " "[`FnOnce`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.FnOnce.html) traits:" msgstr "" "Închiderile sau expresiile lambda au tipuri care nu pot fi numite. Cu toate " "acestea, ele implementează trăsăturile speciale [`Fn`](https://doc.rust-lang." "org/std/ops/trait.Fn.html), [`FnMut`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/" "trait.FnMut.html) și [`FnOnce`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait." "FnOnce.html):" #: src/std-traits/closures.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"Calling function on {input}\"" msgstr "Apelarea funcțiilor nesigure" #: src/std-traits/closures.md msgid "\"add_3: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/closures.md msgid "\"accumulate: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/closures.md msgid "\"multiply_sum: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/closures.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "An `Fn` (e.g. `add_3`) neither consumes nor mutates captured values, or " "perhaps captures nothing at all. It can be called multiple times " "concurrently." msgstr "" "Un `Fn` (de exemplu, `add_3`) nu consumă și nici nu modifică valorile " "capturate, sau poate nu captează nimic. Acesta poate fi apelat de mai multe " "ori simultan." #: src/std-traits/closures.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "An `FnMut` (e.g. `accumulate`) might mutate captured values. You can call it " "multiple times, but not concurrently." msgstr "" "Un `FnMut` (de exemplu, `accumulate`) poate modifica valorile capturate. Se " "poate apela de mai multe ori, dar nu concomitent." #: src/std-traits/closures.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "If you have an `FnOnce` (e.g. `multiply_sum`), you may only call it once. It " "might consume captured values." msgstr "" "Dacă aveți un `FnOnce` (de exemplu, `multiply_sum`), îl puteți apela doar o " "singură dată. Acesta ar putea consuma valori capturate." #: src/std-traits/closures.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`FnMut` is a subtype of `FnOnce`. `Fn` is a subtype of `FnMut` and `FnOnce`. " "I.e. you can use an `FnMut` wherever an `FnOnce` is called for, and you can " "use an `Fn` wherever an `FnMut` or `FnOnce` is called for." msgstr "" "`FnMut` este un subtip al `FnOnce`. `Fn` este un subtip al lui `FnMut` și " "`FnOnce`. Adică, puteți utiliza un `FnMut` oriunde se solicită un `FnOnce` " "și puteți utiliza un `Fn` oriunde se solicită un `FnMut` sau un `FnOnce`." #: src/std-traits/closures.md msgid "" "When you define a function that takes a closure, you should take `FnOnce` if " "you can (i.e. you call it once), or `FnMut` else, and last `Fn`. This allows " "the most flexibility for the caller." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/closures.md msgid "" "In contrast, when you have a closure, the most flexible you can have is `Fn` " "(it can be passed everywhere), then `FnMut`, and lastly `FnOnce`." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/closures.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The compiler also infers `Copy` (e.g. for `add_3`) and `Clone` (e.g. " "`multiply_sum`), depending on what the closure captures." msgstr "" "Compilatorul deduce, de asemenea, `Copy` (de exemplu, pentru `add_3`) și " "`Clone` (de exemplu, `multiply_sum`), în funcție de ceea ce captează " "închiderea." #: src/std-traits/closures.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "By default, closures will capture by reference if they can. The `move` " "keyword makes them capture by value." msgstr "" "În mod implicit, închiderile vor captura prin referință dacă pot. Cuvântul " "cheie `move` le face să captureze prin valoare." #: src/std-traits/closures.md msgid "\"Hi\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/closures.md msgid "\"there\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/exercise.md msgid "" "In this example, you will implement the classic [\"ROT13\" cipher](https://" "en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROT13). Copy this code to the playground, and " "implement the missing bits. Only rotate ASCII alphabetic characters, to " "ensure the result is still valid UTF-8." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/exercise.md msgid "// Implement the `Read` trait for `RotDecoder`.\n" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/exercise.md src/std-traits/solution.md msgid "\"Gb trg gb gur bgure fvqr!\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/exercise.md src/std-traits/solution.md msgid "\"To get to the other side!\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/exercise.md msgid "" "What happens if you chain two `RotDecoder` instances together, each rotating " "by 13 characters?" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/solution.md msgid "'A'" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-3.md #, fuzzy msgid "Welcome to Day 3" msgstr "Bine ați venit în ziua 3" #: src/welcome-day-3.md msgid "Today, we will cover:" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-3.md msgid "" "Memory management, lifetimes, and the borrow checker: how Rust ensures " "memory safety." msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-3.md msgid "Smart pointers: standard library pointer types." msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-3.md msgid "[Welcome](./welcome-day-3.md) (3 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-3.md msgid "[Memory Management](./memory-management.md) (1 hour and 10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-3.md msgid "[Smart Pointers](./smart-pointers.md) (45 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-3.md msgid "" "Including 10 minute breaks, this session should take about 2 hours and 15 " "minutes" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management.md msgid "[Review of Program Memory](./memory-management/review.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management.md msgid "" "[Approaches to Memory Management](./memory-management/approaches.md) (10 " "minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management.md msgid "[Ownership](./memory-management/ownership.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management.md msgid "[Move Semantics](./memory-management/move.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management.md msgid "[Clone](./memory-management/clone.md) (2 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management.md msgid "[Copy Types](./memory-management/copy-types.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management.md msgid "[Drop](./memory-management/drop.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management.md msgid "[Exercise: Builder Type](./memory-management/exercise.md) (20 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/review.md msgid "Programs allocate memory in two ways:" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/review.md #, fuzzy msgid "Stack: Continuous area of memory for local variables." msgstr "Stack: Zona continuă de memorie pentru variabilele locale." #: src/memory-management/review.md #, fuzzy msgid "Values have fixed sizes known at compile time." msgstr "Valorile au dimensiuni fixe cunoscute în momentul compilării." #: src/memory-management/review.md #, fuzzy msgid "Extremely fast: just move a stack pointer." msgstr "Extrem de rapid: este suficient să mutați un pointer de stivă." #: src/memory-management/review.md #, fuzzy msgid "Easy to manage: follows function calls." msgstr "Ușor de gestionat: urmărește apelurile de funcții." #: src/memory-management/review.md #, fuzzy msgid "Great memory locality." msgstr "Localitate de mare memorie." #: src/memory-management/review.md #, fuzzy msgid "Heap: Storage of values outside of function calls." msgstr "Grămadă: Stocarea valorilor în afara apelurilor de funcții." #: src/memory-management/review.md #, fuzzy msgid "Values have dynamic sizes determined at runtime." msgstr "Valorile au dimensiuni dinamice determinate la momentul execuției." #: src/memory-management/review.md #, fuzzy msgid "Slightly slower than the stack: some book-keeping needed." msgstr "Puțin mai lent decât stiva: este nevoie de o anumită contabilitate." #: src/memory-management/review.md #, fuzzy msgid "No guarantee of memory locality." msgstr "Nu există nicio garanție a localității de memorie." #: src/memory-management/review.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Creating a `String` puts fixed-sized metadata on the stack and dynamically " "sized data, the actual string, on the heap:" msgstr "" "Crearea unui `String` plasează metadatele de dimensiuni fixe pe stivă și " "datele de dimensiuni dinamice, șirul propriu-zis, pe heap:" #: src/memory-management/review.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Mention that a `String` is backed by a `Vec`, so it has a capacity and " "length and can grow if mutable via reallocation on the heap." msgstr "" "Menționați că un `String` este susținut de un `Vec`, deci are o capacitate " "și o lungime și poate crește dacă este mutabil prin realocare pe heap." #: src/memory-management/review.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "If students ask about it, you can mention that the underlying memory is heap " "allocated using the [System Allocator](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/alloc/" "struct.System.html) and custom allocators can be implemented using the " "[Allocator API](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/alloc/index.html)" msgstr "" "Dacă elevii vă întreabă despre acest lucru, puteți menționa că memoria de " "bază este alocată în heap cu ajutorul [System Allocator](https://doc.rust-" "lang.org/std/alloc/struct.System.html) și că alocatorii personalizați pot fi " "implementați cu ajutorul [Allocator API](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/alloc/" "index.html)" #: src/memory-management/review.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "We can inspect the memory layout with `unsafe` Rust. However, you should " "point out that this is rightfully unsafe!" msgstr "" "Putem inspecta dispunerea memoriei cu `unsafe` Rust. Cu toate acestea, ar " "trebui să precizați că acest lucru este, pe bună dreptate, nesigur!" #: src/memory-management/review.md src/testing/unit-tests.md msgid "' '" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/review.md msgid "\"world\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/review.md msgid "" "// DON'T DO THIS AT HOME! For educational purposes only.\n" " // String provides no guarantees about its layout, so this could lead " "to\n" " // undefined behavior.\n" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/review.md msgid "\"ptr = {ptr:#x}, len = {len}, capacity = {capacity}\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/approaches.md #, fuzzy msgid "Traditionally, languages have fallen into two broad categories:" msgstr "În mod tradițional, limbile se împart în două mari categorii:" #: src/memory-management/approaches.md #, fuzzy msgid "Full control via manual memory management: C, C++, Pascal, ..." msgstr "Control total prin gestionarea manuală a memoriei: C, C++, Pascal, ..." #: src/memory-management/approaches.md msgid "Programmer decides when to allocate or free heap memory." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/approaches.md msgid "" "Programmer must determine whether a pointer still points to valid memory." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/approaches.md msgid "Studies show, programmers make mistakes." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/approaches.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Full safety via automatic memory management at runtime: Java, Python, Go, " "Haskell, ..." msgstr "" "Siguranță totală prin gestionarea automată a memoriei în timpul execuției: " "Java, Python, Go, Haskell, ..." #: src/memory-management/approaches.md msgid "" "A runtime system ensures that memory is not freed until it can no longer be " "referenced." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/approaches.md msgid "" "Typically implemented with reference counting, garbage collection, or RAII." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/approaches.md #, fuzzy msgid "Rust offers a new mix:" msgstr "Rust oferă un nou amestec:" #: src/memory-management/approaches.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Full control _and_ safety via compile time enforcement of correct memory " "management." msgstr "" "Control total _și_ siguranță prin aplicarea în timp de compilare a " "gestionării corecte a memoriei." #: src/memory-management/approaches.md #, fuzzy msgid "It does this with an explicit ownership concept." msgstr "" "Acest lucru se realizează cu ajutorul unui concept explicit de proprietate." #: src/memory-management/approaches.md msgid "" "This slide is intended to help students coming from other languages to put " "Rust in context." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/approaches.md msgid "" "C must manage heap manually with `malloc` and `free`. Common errors include " "forgetting to call `free`, calling it multiple times for the same pointer, " "or dereferencing a pointer after the memory it points to has been freed." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/approaches.md msgid "" "C++ has tools like smart pointers (`unique_ptr`, `shared_ptr`) that take " "advantage of language guarantees about calling destructors to ensure memory " "is freed when a function returns. It is still quite easy to mis-use these " "tools and create similar bugs to C." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/approaches.md msgid "" "Java, Go, and Python rely on the garbage collector to identify memory that " "is no longer reachable and discard it. This guarantees that any pointer can " "be dereferenced, eliminating use-after-free and other classes of bugs. But, " "GC has a runtime cost and is difficult to tune properly." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/approaches.md msgid "" "Rust's ownership and borrowing model can, in many cases, get the performance " "of C, with alloc and free operations precisely where they are required -- " "zero cost. It also provides tools similar to C++'s smart pointers. When " "required, other options such as reference counting are available, and there " "are even third-party crates available to support runtime garbage collection " "(not covered in this class)." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/ownership.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "All variable bindings have a _scope_ where they are valid and it is an error " "to use a variable outside its scope:" msgstr "" "Toate legăturile de variabile au un _scop_ în care sunt valabile și este o " "eroare să folosești o variabilă în afara domeniului său de aplicare:" #: src/memory-management/ownership.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "We say that the variable _owns_ the value. Every Rust value has precisely " "one owner at all times." msgstr "Spunem că variabila _deține_ valoarea." #: src/memory-management/ownership.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "At the end of the scope, the variable is _dropped_ and the data is freed. A " "destructor can run here to free up resources." msgstr "" "La sfârșitul domeniului de aplicare, variabila este \"eliminată\", iar " "datele sunt eliberate." #: src/memory-management/ownership.md msgid "" "Students familiar with garbage-collection implementations will know that a " "garbage collector starts with a set of \"roots\" to find all reachable " "memory. Rust's \"single owner\" principle is a similar idea." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/move.md #, fuzzy msgid "An assignment will transfer _ownership_ between variables:" msgstr "O atribuire va transfera _proprietatea_ între variabile:" #: src/memory-management/move.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"Hello!\"" msgstr "Bună lume!" #: src/memory-management/move.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md msgid "\"s2: {s2}\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/move.md msgid "// println!(\"s1: {s1}\");\n" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/move.md #, fuzzy msgid "The assignment of `s1` to `s2` transfers ownership." msgstr "Atribuirea lui `s1` la `s2` transferă proprietatea." #: src/memory-management/move.md #, fuzzy msgid "When `s1` goes out of scope, nothing happens: it does not own anything." msgstr "" "Când `s1` iese din domeniul de aplicare, nu se întâmplă nimic: nu deține " "nimic." #: src/memory-management/move.md #, fuzzy msgid "When `s2` goes out of scope, the string data is freed." msgstr "" "Atunci când `s2` iese din domeniul de aplicare, datele șirului de caractere " "sunt eliberate." #: src/memory-management/move.md #, fuzzy msgid "Before move to `s2`:" msgstr "Înainte de mutarea în `s2`:" #: src/memory-management/move.md #, fuzzy msgid "After move to `s2`:" msgstr "După mutarea în `s2`:" #: src/memory-management/move.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "```bob\n" " Stack Heap\n" ".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - -.\n" ": : : :\n" ": s1 \"(inaccessible)\" : : :\n" ": +-----------+-------+ : : +----+----+----+----+ :\n" ": | ptr | o---+---+--+--+-->| R | u | s | t | :\n" ": | len | 4 | : | : +----+----+----+----+ :\n" ": | capacity | 4 | : | : :\n" ": +-----------+-------+ : | : :\n" ": : | `- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" ": s2 : |\n" ": +-----------+-------+ : |\n" ": | ptr | o---+---+--'\n" ": | len | 4 | :\n" ": | capacity | 4 | :\n" ": +-----------+-------+ :\n" ": :\n" "`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" "```" msgstr "" "```bob\n" " Stiva Heap\n" ".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - -.\n" ": : : :\n" ": s1 \"(inaccesibil)\" : : :\n" ": +-----------+-------+ : : +----+----+----+----+ :\n" ": | ptr | o---+-+---+--+--+-->| R | u | s | t | :\n" ": | len | 4 | : | : +----+----+----+----+ :\n" ": | capacitate | 4 | : | : :\n" ": +-----------+-------+ : | : :\n" ": : | `- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" ": s2 : |\n" ": +-----------+-------+ : |\n" ": | ptr | o---+-+-+-+---''\n" ": | len | 4 | :\n" ": | capacitate | 4 | :\n" ": +-----------+-------+ :\n" ": :\n" "`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" "```" #: src/memory-management/move.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "When you pass a value to a function, the value is assigned to the function " "parameter. This transfers ownership:" msgstr "" "Atunci când transmiteți o valoare unei funcții, valoarea este atribuită " "parametrului funcției. Acest lucru transferă proprietatea:" #: src/memory-management/move.md msgid "\"Hello {name}\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/move.md src/android/interoperability/java.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"Alice\"" msgstr "Felii" #: src/memory-management/move.md msgid "// say_hello(name);\n" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/move.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Mention that this is the opposite of the defaults in C++, which copies by " "value unless you use `std::move` (and the move constructor is defined!)." msgstr "" "Menționați că acest lucru este opusul valorilor implicite din C++, care " "copiază prin valoare, cu excepția cazului în care folosiți `std::move` (și " "constructorul move este definit!)." #: src/memory-management/move.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "It is only the ownership that moves. Whether any machine code is generated " "to manipulate the data itself is a matter of optimization, and such copies " "are aggressively optimized away." msgstr "" "Doar proprietatea este cea care se mișcă. Dacă este generat vreun cod mașină " "pentru a manipula datele în sine este o chestiune de optimizare, iar astfel " "de copii sunt optimizate în mod agresiv." #: src/memory-management/move.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Simple values (such as integers) can be marked `Copy` (see later slides)." msgstr "" "Valorile simple (cum ar fi numerele întregi) pot fi marcate cu `Copy` (a se " "vedea slide-urile ulterioare)." #: src/memory-management/move.md #, fuzzy msgid "In Rust, clones are explicit (by using `clone`)." msgstr "În Rust, clonele sunt explicite (prin utilizarea lui `clone`)." #: src/memory-management/move.md msgid "In the `say_hello` example:" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/move.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "With the first call to `say_hello`, `main` gives up ownership of `name`. " "Afterwards, `name` cannot be used anymore within `main`." msgstr "" "Odată cu primul apel la `say_hello`, `main` renunță la proprietatea asupra " "lui `name`. Ulterior, `name` nu mai poate fi utilizat în `main`." #: src/memory-management/move.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The heap memory allocated for `name` will be freed at the end of the " "`say_hello` function." msgstr "" "Memoria heap alocată pentru `name` va fi eliberată la sfârșitul funcției " "`say_hello`." #: src/memory-management/move.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`main` can retain ownership if it passes `name` as a reference (`&name`) and " "if `say_hello` accepts a reference as a parameter." msgstr "" "`main` poate păstra proprietatea dacă transmite `name` ca referință " "(`&name`) și dacă `say_hello` acceptă o referință ca parametru." #: src/memory-management/move.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Alternatively, `main` can pass a clone of `name` in the first call (`name." "clone()`)." msgstr "" "Alternativ, `main` poate transmite o clonă a lui `name` la primul apel " "(`name.clone()`)." #: src/memory-management/move.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust makes it harder than C++ to inadvertently create copies by making move " "semantics the default, and by forcing programmers to make clones explicit." msgstr "" "Rust face mai dificilă decât C++ crearea de copii din greșeală, făcând ca " "semantica de mutare să fie cea implicită și obligând programatorii să facă " "clonele explicite." #: src/memory-management/move.md #, fuzzy msgid "Defensive Copies in Modern C++" msgstr "Copii defensive în C++ modern" #: src/memory-management/move.md #, fuzzy msgid "Modern C++ solves this differently:" msgstr "C++ modern rezolvă acest lucru în mod diferit:" #: src/memory-management/move.md msgid "\"Cpp\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/move.md msgid "// Duplicate the data in s1.\n" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/move.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The heap data from `s1` is duplicated and `s2` gets its own independent copy." msgstr "" "Datele din heap de la `s1` sunt duplicate, iar `s2` primește propria copie " "independentă." #: src/memory-management/move.md #, fuzzy msgid "When `s1` and `s2` go out of scope, they each free their own memory." msgstr "" "Atunci când `s1` și `s2` ies din domeniul de aplicare, fiecare își " "eliberează propria memorie." #: src/memory-management/move.md #, fuzzy msgid "Before copy-assignment:" msgstr "Înainte de atribuirea de copii:" #: src/memory-management/move.md #, fuzzy msgid "After copy-assignment:" msgstr "După atribuirea de copii:" #: src/memory-management/move.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "C++ has made a slightly different choice than Rust. Because `=` copies data, " "the string data has to be cloned. Otherwise we would get a double-free when " "either string goes out of scope." msgstr "" "C++ a făcut o alegere ușor diferită față de Rust. Deoarece `=` copiază date, " "datele șirului de caractere trebuie clonate. În caz contrar, am obține un " "dublu liber atunci când oricare dintre șiruri iese din domeniu." #: src/memory-management/move.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "C++ also has [`std::move`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/move), " "which is used to indicate when a value may be moved from. If the example had " "been `s2 = std::move(s1)`, no heap allocation would take place. After the " "move, `s1` would be in a valid but unspecified state. Unlike Rust, the " "programmer is allowed to keep using `s1`." msgstr "" "C++ are, de asemenea, [`std::move`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/" "utility/move), care este utilizat pentru a indica când o valoare poate fi " "mutată. Dacă exemplul ar fi fost `s2 = std::move(s1)`, nu ar fi avut loc " "nicio alocare de heap. După mutare, `s1` ar fi într-o stare validă, dar " "nespecificată. Spre deosebire de Rust, programatorului i se permite să " "continue să folosească `s1`." #: src/memory-management/move.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Unlike Rust, `=` in C++ can run arbitrary code as determined by the type " "which is being copied or moved." msgstr "" "Spre deosebire de Rust, `=` în C++ poate rula cod arbitrar în funcție de " "tipul care este copiat sau mutat." #: src/memory-management/clone.md msgid "Clone" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/clone.md msgid "" "Sometimes you _want_ to make a copy of a value. The `Clone` trait " "accomplishes this." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/clone.md msgid "" "The idea of `Clone` is to make it easy to spot where heap allocations are " "occurring. Look for `.clone()` and a few others like `Vec::new` or `Box::" "new`." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/clone.md msgid "" "It's common to \"clone your way out\" of problems with the borrow checker, " "and return later to try to optimize those clones away." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/copy-types.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "While move semantics are the default, certain types are copied by default:" msgstr "" "În timp ce semantica de mutare este cea implicită, anumite tipuri sunt " "copiate în mod implicit:" #: src/memory-management/copy-types.md #, fuzzy msgid "These types implement the `Copy` trait." msgstr "Aceste tipuri implementează trăsătura `Copy`." #: src/memory-management/copy-types.md #, fuzzy msgid "You can opt-in your own types to use copy semantics:" msgstr "" "Puteți opta pentru ca propriile tipuri să utilizeze semantica de copiere:" #: src/memory-management/copy-types.md #, fuzzy msgid "After the assignment, both `p1` and `p2` own their own data." msgstr "După atribuire, atât `p1` cât și `p2` dețin propriile date." #: src/memory-management/copy-types.md #, fuzzy msgid "We can also use `p1.clone()` to explicitly copy the data." msgstr "De asemenea, putem folosi `p1.clone()` pentru a copia explicit datele." #: src/memory-management/copy-types.md #, fuzzy msgid "Copying and cloning are not the same thing:" msgstr "Copierea și clonarea nu sunt același lucru:" #: src/memory-management/copy-types.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Copying refers to bitwise copies of memory regions and does not work on " "arbitrary objects." msgstr "" "Copierea se referă la copiile pe biți ale regiunilor de memorie și nu " "funcționează pe obiecte arbitrare." #: src/memory-management/copy-types.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Copying does not allow for custom logic (unlike copy constructors in C++)." msgstr "" "Copierea nu permite o logică personalizată (spre deosebire de constructorii " "de copiere din C++)." #: src/memory-management/copy-types.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Cloning is a more general operation and also allows for custom behavior by " "implementing the `Clone` trait." msgstr "" "Clonarea este o operațiune mai generală și permite, de asemenea, un " "comportament personalizat prin implementarea trăsăturii `Clone`." #: src/memory-management/copy-types.md #, fuzzy msgid "Copying does not work on types that implement the `Drop` trait." msgstr "" "Copierea nu funcționează pe tipurile care implementează trăsătura `Drop`." #: src/memory-management/copy-types.md #, fuzzy msgid "In the above example, try the following:" msgstr "În exemplul de mai sus, încercați următoarele:" #: src/memory-management/copy-types.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Add a `String` field to `struct Point`. It will not compile because `String` " "is not a `Copy` type." msgstr "" "Adăugați un câmp `String` la `struct Point`. Nu se va compila deoarece " "`String` nu este un tip `Copy`." #: src/memory-management/copy-types.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Remove `Copy` from the `derive` attribute. The compiler error is now in the " "`println!` for `p1`." msgstr "" "Elimină `Copy` din atributul `derive`. Eroarea de compilare se află acum în " "`println!` pentru `p1`." #: src/memory-management/copy-types.md #, fuzzy msgid "Show that it works if you clone `p1` instead." msgstr "Arătați că funcționează dacă clonați `p1` în locul lui." #: src/memory-management/drop.md #, fuzzy msgid "The `Drop` Trait" msgstr "Trăsătura `Drop` (cădere)" #: src/memory-management/drop.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Values which implement [`Drop`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Drop." "html) can specify code to run when they go out of scope:" msgstr "" "Valorile care implementează [`Drop`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait." "Drop.html) pot specifica codul care trebuie executat atunci când ies din " "domeniul de aplicare:" #: src/memory-management/drop.md msgid "\"Dropping {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/drop.md src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"a\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/drop.md src/testing/googletest.md msgid "\"b\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/drop.md msgid "\"c\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/drop.md msgid "\"d\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/drop.md msgid "\"Exiting block B\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/drop.md msgid "\"Exiting block A\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/drop.md msgid "\"Exiting main\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/drop.md #, fuzzy msgid "Note that `std::mem::drop` is not the same as `std::ops::Drop::drop`." msgstr "" "Rețineți că `std::mem::drop` nu este același lucru cu `std::ops::Drop::drop`." #: src/memory-management/drop.md #, fuzzy msgid "Values are automatically dropped when they go out of scope." msgstr "" "Valorile sunt eliminate automat atunci când ies din domeniul de aplicare." #: src/memory-management/drop.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "When a value is dropped, if it implements `std::ops::Drop` then its `Drop::" "drop` implementation will be called." msgstr "" "Atunci când o valoare este eliminată, dacă implementează `std::ops::Drop`, " "atunci va fi apelată implementarea `Drop::drop` a acesteia." #: src/memory-management/drop.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "All its fields will then be dropped too, whether or not it implements `Drop`." msgstr "" "Toate câmpurile sale vor fi apoi eliminate, indiferent dacă implementează " "sau nu `Drop`." #: src/memory-management/drop.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`std::mem::drop` is just an empty function that takes any value. The " "significance is that it takes ownership of the value, so at the end of its " "scope it gets dropped. This makes it a convenient way to explicitly drop " "values earlier than they would otherwise go out of scope." msgstr "" "`std::mem::drop` este doar o funcție goală care acceptă orice valoare. " "Semnificația este că preia proprietatea asupra valorii, astfel încât la " "sfârșitul domeniului său de aplicare aceasta este eliminată. Acest lucru o " "face o modalitate convenabilă de a renunța în mod explicit la valori mai " "devreme decât ar fi ieșit altfel din domeniul de aplicare." #: src/memory-management/drop.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "This can be useful for objects that do some work on `drop`: releasing locks, " "closing files, etc." msgstr "" "Acest lucru poate fi util pentru obiectele care efectuează anumite " "activități la `drop`: eliberarea de blocaje, închiderea fișierelor etc." #: src/memory-management/drop.md #, fuzzy msgid "Why doesn't `Drop::drop` take `self`?" msgstr "De ce `Drop::drop` nu ia `self`?" #: src/memory-management/drop.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Short-answer: If it did, `std::mem::drop` would be called at the end of the " "block, resulting in another call to `Drop::drop`, and a stack overflow!" msgstr "" "Răspuns scurt: Dacă ar fi făcut-o, `std::mem::drop` ar fi fost apelat la " "sfârșitul blocului, rezultând un alt apel la `Drop::drop` și o depășire a " "stivei!" #: src/memory-management/drop.md #, fuzzy msgid "Try replacing `drop(a)` with `a.drop()`." msgstr "Încercați să înlocuiți `drop(a)` cu `a.drop()`." #: src/memory-management/exercise.md msgid "" "In this example, we will implement a complex data type that owns all of its " "data. We will use the \"builder pattern\" to support building a new value " "piece-by-piece, using convenience functions." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md msgid "Fill in the missing pieces." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md msgid "/// A representation of a software package.\n" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md msgid "" "/// Return a representation of this package as a dependency, for use in\n" " /// building other packages.\n" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md msgid "\"1\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md msgid "" "/// A builder for a Package. Use `build()` to create the `Package` itself.\n" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md msgid "\"2\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md msgid "/// Set the package version.\n" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md msgid "/// Set the package authors.\n" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md msgid "\"3\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md msgid "/// Add an additional dependency.\n" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md msgid "\"4\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md msgid "/// Set the language. If not set, language defaults to None.\n" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md msgid "\"5\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md msgid "\"base64\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md msgid "\"0.13\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md msgid "\"base64: {base64:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md msgid "\"log\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md msgid "\"0.4\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md msgid "\"log: {log:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md msgid "\"serde\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md msgid "\"djmitche\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md msgid "\"4.0\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md msgid "\"serde: {serde:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/solution.md msgid "\"0.1\"" msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers.md msgid "[Box" msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers.md msgid "](./smart-pointers/box.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers.md msgid "[Rc](./smart-pointers/rc.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers.md msgid "[Exercise: Binary Tree](./smart-pointers/exercise.md) (30 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers/box.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`Box`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/boxed/struct.Box.html) is an owned " "pointer to data on the heap:" msgstr "" "[`Box`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/boxed/struct.Box.html) este un pointer " "deținut către datele de pe heap:" #: src/smart-pointers/box.md msgid "\"five: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers/box.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Box` implements `Deref`, which means that you can [call " "methods from `T` directly on a `Box`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/" "trait.Deref.html#more-on-deref-coercion)." msgstr "" "`Box` implementează `Deref`, ceea ce înseamnă că puteți " "[apela metode din `T` direct pe un `Box`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/" "ops/trait.Deref.html#more-on-deref-coercion)." #: src/smart-pointers/box.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Recursive data types or data types with dynamic sizes need to use a `Box`:" msgstr "" "Tipurile de date recursive sau tipurile de date cu dimensiuni dinamice " "trebuie să utilizeze un `Box`:" #: src/smart-pointers/box.md msgid "/// A non-empty list: first element and the rest of the list.\n" msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers/box.md msgid "/// An empty list.\n" msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers/box.md msgid "\"{list:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers/box.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "```bob\n" " Stack Heap\n" ".- - - - - - - - - - - - - - . .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " "- - - - -.\n" ": : : :\n" ": " "list : : :\n" ": +---------+----+----+ : : +---------+----+----+ +------+----" "+----+ :\n" ": | Element | 1 | o--+----+-----+--->| Element | 2 | o--+--->| Nil | // " "| // | :\n" ": +---------+----+----+ : : +---------+----+----+ +------+----" "+----+ :\n" ": : : :\n" ": : : :\n" "'- - - - - - - - - - - - - - ' '- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " "- - - - -'\n" "```" msgstr "" "```bob\n" " Stiva Heap\n" ".- - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " "-.\n" ": : : :\n" ": listă : : : :\n" ": +------+----+----+ : : +------+----+----+ +------+----+----+ :\n" ": | Cons | 1 | o--+----+-----+--->| Cons | 2 | o--++--->| Nil | // | // // " "| :\n" ": +------+----+----+ : : +------+----+----+ +------+----+----+ :\n" ": : : :\n" ": : : :\n" "'- - - - - - - - - - - - -' '- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " "-'\n" "```" #: src/smart-pointers/box.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Box` is like `std::unique_ptr` in C++, except that it's guaranteed to be " "not null." msgstr "" "`Box` este ca și `std::unique_ptr` în C++, cu excepția faptului că este " "garantat a nu fi nul." #: src/smart-pointers/box.md #, fuzzy msgid "A `Box` can be useful when you:" msgstr "Un `Box` poate fi util atunci când:" #: src/smart-pointers/box.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "have a type whose size that can't be known at compile time, but the Rust " "compiler wants to know an exact size." msgstr "" "au un tip a cărui dimensiune nu poate fi cunoscută la compilare, dar " "compilatorul Rust dorește să știe o dimensiune exactă." #: src/smart-pointers/box.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "want to transfer ownership of a large amount of data. To avoid copying large " "amounts of data on the stack, instead store the data on the heap in a `Box` " "so only the pointer is moved." msgstr "" "doriți să transferați proprietatea asupra unei cantități mari de date. " "Pentru a evita copierea unor cantități mari de date pe stivă, stocați în " "schimb datele pe heap într-un `Box`, astfel încât să fie mutat doar " "pointerul." #: src/smart-pointers/box.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "If `Box` was not used and we attempted to embed a `List` directly into the " "`List`, the compiler would not compute a fixed size of the struct in memory " "(`List` would be of infinite size)." msgstr "" "Dacă nu se folosea `Box` și încercam să încorporăm o `List` direct în " "`List`, compilatorul nu ar fi calculat o dimensiune fixă a structurii în " "memorie (`List` ar fi avut o dimensiune infinită)." #: src/smart-pointers/box.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Box` solves this problem as it has the same size as a regular pointer and " "just points at the next element of the `List` in the heap." msgstr "" "`Box` rezolvă această problemă, deoarece are aceeași dimensiune ca un " "pointer obișnuit și indică doar următorul element din `List` în heap." #: src/smart-pointers/box.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Remove the `Box` in the List definition and show the compiler error. " "\"Recursive with indirection\" is a hint you might want to use a Box or " "reference of some kind, instead of storing a value directly." msgstr "" "Eliminați `Box` din definiția Listei și afișați eroarea de compilare. " "\"Recursiv cu indirecție\" este un indiciu că poate doriți să folosiți un " "Box sau o referință de un anumit tip, în loc să stocați direct o valoare." #: src/smart-pointers/box.md msgid "Niche Optimization" msgstr "Optimizari de nișă" #: src/smart-pointers/box.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "A `Box` cannot be empty, so the pointer is always valid and non-`null`. This " "allows the compiler to optimize the memory layout:" msgstr "" "Un `Box` nu poate fi gol, astfel încât pointerul este întotdeauna valid și " "non-`null`. Acest lucru permite compilatorului să optimizeze dispunerea " "memoriei:" #: src/smart-pointers/box.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "```bob\n" " Stack Heap\n" ".- - - - - - - - - - - - - - . .- - - - - - - - - - - - - -.\n" ": : : :\n" ": list : : :\n" ": +---------+----+----+ : : +---------+----+----+ :\n" ": | Element | 1 | o--+----+-----+--->| Element | 2 | // | :\n" ": +---------+----+----+ : : +---------+----+----+ :\n" ": : : :\n" ": : : :\n" "'- - - - - - - - - - - - - - ' '- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" "```" msgstr "" "```bob\n" " Stiva Heap\n" ".- - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " "-.\n" ": : : :\n" ": listă : : : :\n" ": +------+----+----+ : : +------+----+----+ +------+----+----+ :\n" ": | Cons | 1 | o--+----+-----+--->| Cons | 2 | o--++--->| Nil | // | // // " "| :\n" ": +------+----+----+ : : +------+----+----+ +------+----+----+ :\n" ": : : :\n" ": : : :\n" "'- - - - - - - - - - - - -' '- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " "-'\n" "```" #: src/smart-pointers/rc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`Rc`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/rc/struct.Rc.html) is a reference-" "counted shared pointer. Use this when you need to refer to the same data " "from multiple places:" msgstr "" "[`Rc`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/rc/struct.Rc.html) este un pointer " "partajat cu numărătoare de referințe. Folosiți-l atunci când trebuie să " "faceți referire la aceleași date din mai multe locuri:" #: src/smart-pointers/rc.md msgid "\"a: {a}\"" msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers/rc.md msgid "\"b: {b}\"" msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers/rc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "See [`Arc`](../concurrency/shared_state/arc.md) and [`Mutex`](https://doc." "rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html) if you are in a multi-threaded " "context." msgstr "" "Consultați [`Arc`](../concurrency/shared_state/arc.md) și [`Mutex`](https://" "doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html) dacă vă aflați într-un context " "cu mai multe fire." #: src/smart-pointers/rc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You can _downgrade_ a shared pointer into a [`Weak`](https://doc.rust-lang." "org/std/rc/struct.Weak.html) pointer to create cycles that will get dropped." msgstr "" "Puteți transforma un pointer partajat într-un pointer [`Weak`](https://doc." "rust-lang.org/std/rc/struct.Weak.html) pentru a crea cicluri care vor fi " "abandonate." #: src/smart-pointers/rc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Rc`'s count ensures that its contained value is valid for as long as there " "are references." msgstr "" "numărătoarea lui `Rc` asigură că valoarea sa conținută este valabilă atâta " "timp cât există referințe." #: src/smart-pointers/rc.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Rc` in Rust is like `std::shared_ptr` in C++." msgstr "`Rc` în Rust este ca `std::shared_ptr` în C++." #: src/smart-pointers/rc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Rc::clone` is cheap: it creates a pointer to the same allocation and " "increases the reference count. Does not make a deep clone and can generally " "be ignored when looking for performance issues in code." msgstr "" "`Rc::clone` este ieftin: creează un pointer la aceeași alocare și crește " "numărul de referințe. Nu realizează o clonă profundă și poate fi în general " "ignorată atunci când se caută probleme de performanță în cod." #: src/smart-pointers/rc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`make_mut` actually clones the inner value if necessary (\"clone-on-write\") " "and returns a mutable reference." msgstr "" "`make_mut` clonează de fapt valoarea interioară dacă este necesar (\"clone-" "on-write\") și returnează o referință mutabilă." #: src/smart-pointers/rc.md #, fuzzy msgid "Use `Rc::strong_count` to check the reference count." msgstr "Utilizați `Rc::strong_count` pentru a verifica numărul de referințe." #: src/smart-pointers/rc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Rc::downgrade` gives you a _weakly reference-counted_ object to create " "cycles that will be dropped properly (likely in combination with `RefCell`)." msgstr "" "`Rc::downgrade` vă oferă un obiect cu un număr slab de referințe pentru a " "crea cicluri care vor fi abandonate în mod corespunzător (probabil în " "combinație cu `RefCell`, pe slide-ul următor)." #: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md msgid "" "A binary tree is a tree-type data structure where every node has two " "children (left and right). We will create a tree where each node stores a " "value. For a given node N, all nodes in a N's left subtree contain smaller " "values, and all nodes in N's right subtree will contain larger values." msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md msgid "Implement the following types, so that the given tests pass." msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md msgid "" "Extra Credit: implement an iterator over a binary tree that returns the " "values in order." msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md src/smart-pointers/solution.md msgid "/// A node in the binary tree.\n" msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md src/smart-pointers/solution.md msgid "/// A possibly-empty subtree.\n" msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md src/smart-pointers/solution.md msgid "" "/// A container storing a set of values, using a binary tree.\n" "///\n" "/// If the same value is added multiple times, it is only stored once.\n" msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md msgid "// Implement `new`, `insert`, `len`, and `has`.\n" msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md src/smart-pointers/solution.md msgid "// not a unique item\n" msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers/solution.md src/testing/googletest.md msgid "\"bar\"" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-3-afternoon.md #, fuzzy msgid "[Borrowing](./borrowing.md) (1 hour)" msgstr "" "împrumut:\n" "A se vedea [Împrumut](ownership/borrowing.md)." #: src/welcome-day-3-afternoon.md msgid "" "[Slices and Lifetimes](./slices-and-lifetimes.md) (1 hour and 10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-3-afternoon.md msgid "" "Including 10 minute breaks, this session should take about 2 hours and 20 " "minutes" msgstr "" #: src/borrowing.md msgid "[Borrowing a Value](./borrowing/shared.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/borrowing.md msgid "[Borrow Checking](./borrowing/borrowck.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/borrowing.md msgid "[Interior Mutability](./borrowing/interior-mutability.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/borrowing.md msgid "[Exercise: Health Statistics](./borrowing/exercise.md) (30 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/borrowing/shared.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "As we saw before, instead of transferring ownership when calling a function, " "you can let a function _borrow_ the value:" msgstr "" "În loc să transferați proprietatea atunci când apelați o funcție, puteți " "lăsa o funcție să _împrumute_ valoarea:" #: src/borrowing/shared.md #, fuzzy msgid "The `add` function _borrows_ two points and returns a new point." msgstr "Funcția `add` adună două puncte și returnează un nou punct." #: src/borrowing/shared.md #, fuzzy msgid "The caller retains ownership of the inputs." msgstr "Apelantul păstrează dreptul de proprietate asupra intrărilor." #: src/borrowing/shared.md msgid "" "This slide is a review of the material on references from day 1, expanding " "slightly to include function arguments and return values." msgstr "" #: src/borrowing/shared.md #, fuzzy msgid "Notes on stack returns:" msgstr "Note privind returnările de stivă:" #: src/borrowing/shared.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Demonstrate that the return from `add` is cheap because the compiler can " "eliminate the copy operation. Change the above code to print stack addresses " "and run it on the [Playground](https://play.rust-lang.org/?" "version=stable&mode=release&edition=2021&gist=0cb13be1c05d7e3446686ad9947c4671) " "or look at the assembly in [Godbolt](https://rust.godbolt.org/). In the " "\"DEBUG\" optimization level, the addresses should change, while they stay " "the same when changing to the \"RELEASE\" setting:" msgstr "" "Demonstrați că întoarcerea din `add` este ieftină deoarece compilatorul " "poate elimina operația de copiere. Modificați codul de mai sus pentru a " "imprima adresele stivei și rulați-l pe [Playground](https://play.rust-lang." "org/) sau examinați ansamblul în [Godbolt](https://rust.godbolt.org/). În " "nivelul de optimizare \"DEBUG\", adresele ar trebui să se schimbe, în timp " "ce ele rămân aceleași atunci când treceți la setarea \"RELEASE\":" #: src/borrowing/shared.md #, fuzzy msgid "The Rust compiler can do return value optimization (RVO)." msgstr "Compilatorul Rust poate face optimizarea valorii de returnare (RVO)." #: src/borrowing/shared.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "In C++, copy elision has to be defined in the language specification because " "constructors can have side effects. In Rust, this is not an issue at all. If " "RVO did not happen, Rust will always perform a simple and efficient `memcpy` " "copy." msgstr "" "În C++, eliziunea de copiere trebuie definită în specificațiile limbajului, " "deoarece constructorii pot avea efecte secundare. În Rust, acest lucru nu " "reprezintă deloc o problemă. Dacă RVO nu a avut loc, Rust va efectua " "întotdeauna o copie `memcpy` simplă și eficientă." #: src/borrowing/borrowck.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust's _borrow checker_ puts constraints on the ways you can borrow values. " "For a given value, at any time:" msgstr "" "Rust impune constrângeri asupra modalităților în care puteți împrumuta " "valori:" #: src/borrowing/borrowck.md #, fuzzy msgid "You can have one or more shared references to the value, _or_" msgstr "Puteți avea una sau mai multe valori `&T` la un moment dat, _sau_" #: src/borrowing/borrowck.md #, fuzzy msgid "You can have exactly one exclusive reference to the value." msgstr "Puteți avea exact o singură valoare `&mut T`." #: src/borrowing/borrowck.md msgid "" "Note that the requirement is that conflicting references not _exist_ at the " "same point. It does not matter where the reference is dereferenced." msgstr "" #: src/borrowing/borrowck.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The above code does not compile because `a` is borrowed as mutable (through " "`c`) and as immutable (through `b`) at the same time." msgstr "" "Codul de mai sus nu se compilează pentru că `a` este împrumutat ca mutabil " "(prin `c`) și ca imuabil (prin `b`) în același timp." #: src/borrowing/borrowck.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Move the `println!` statement for `b` before the scope that introduces `c` " "to make the code compile." msgstr "" "Mutați instrucțiunea `println!` pentru `b` înainte de domeniul de aplicare " "care introduce `c` pentru a face codul să fie compilat." #: src/borrowing/borrowck.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "After that change, the compiler realizes that `b` is only ever used before " "the new mutable borrow of `a` through `c`. This is a feature of the borrow " "checker called \"non-lexical lifetimes\"." msgstr "" "După această modificare, compilatorul își dă seama că `b` este folosit doar " "înainte de noul împrumut mutabil de la `a` la `c`. Aceasta este o " "caracteristică a verificatorului de împrumuturi numită \"durate de viață non-" "lexicale\"." #: src/borrowing/borrowck.md msgid "" "The exclusive reference constraint is quite strong. Rust uses it to ensure " "that data races do not occur. Rust also _relies_ on this constraint to " "optimize code. For example, a value behind a shared reference can be safely " "cached in a register for the lifetime of that reference." msgstr "" #: src/borrowing/borrowck.md msgid "" "The borrow checker is designed to accommodate many common patterns, such as " "taking exclusive references to different fields in a struct at the same " "time. But, there are some situations where it doesn't quite \"get it\" and " "this often results in \"fighting with the borrow checker.\"" msgstr "" #: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md msgid "" "In some situations, it's necessary to modify data behind a shared (read-" "only) reference. For example, a shared data structure might have an internal " "cache, and wish to update that cache from read-only methods." msgstr "" #: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md msgid "" "The \"interior mutability\" pattern allows exclusive (mutable) access behind " "a shared reference. The standard library provides several ways to do this, " "all while still ensuring safety, typically by performing a runtime check." msgstr "" #: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md #, fuzzy msgid "`RefCell`" msgstr "`RefCell`" #: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md msgid "\"graph: {root:#?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md msgid "\"graph sum: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Cell`" msgstr "`Celula`" #: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md msgid "" "`Cell` wraps a value and allows getting or setting the value, even with a " "shared reference to the `Cell`. However, it does not allow any references to " "the value. Since there are no references, borrowing rules cannot be broken." msgstr "" #: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md msgid "" "The main thing to take away from this slide is that Rust provides _safe_ " "ways to modify data behind a shared reference. There are a variety of ways " "to ensure that safety, and `RefCell` and `Cell` are two of them." msgstr "" #: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md msgid "" "`RefCell` enforces Rust's usual borrowing rules (either multiple shared " "references or a single exclusive reference) with a runtime check. In this " "case, all borrows are very short and never overlap, so the checks always " "succeed." msgstr "" #: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md msgid "" "`Rc` only allows shared (read-only) access to its contents, since its " "purpose is to allow (and count) many references. But we want to modify the " "value, so we need interior mutability." msgstr "" #: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md msgid "" "`Cell` is a simpler means to ensure safety: it has a `set` method that takes " "`&self`. This needs no runtime check, but requires moving values, which can " "have its own cost." msgstr "" #: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Demonstrate that reference loops can be created by adding `root` to `subtree." "children`." msgstr "" "Demonstrați că buclele de referință pot fi create prin adăugarea lui `root` " "la `subtree.children` (nu încercați să le imprimați!)." #: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "To demonstrate a runtime panic, add a `fn inc(&mut self)` that increments " "`self.value` and calls the same method on its children. This will panic in " "the presence of the reference loop, with `thread 'main' panicked at 'already " "borrowed: BorrowMutError'`." msgstr "" "Pentru a demonstra o panică în timpul execuției, adăugați un `fn inc(&mut " "self)` care mărește `self.value` și apelează aceeași metodă asupra copiilor " "săi. Aceasta va intra în panică în prezența buclei de referință, cu `thread-" "ul `main` panicat la `ready loaned: BorrowMutError'`." #: src/borrowing/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You're working on implementing a health-monitoring system. As part of that, " "you need to keep track of users' health statistics." msgstr "" "Lucrați la implementarea unui sistem de monitorizare a sănătății. În cadrul " "acestuia, trebuie să țineți evidența statisticilor de sănătate ale " "utilizatorilor." #: src/borrowing/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You'll start with a stubbed function in an `impl` block as well as a `User` " "struct definition. Your goal is to implement the stubbed out method on the " "`User` `struct` defined in the `impl` block." msgstr "" "Veți începe cu niște funcții stubbed într-un bloc `impl`, precum și cu o " "definiție a structurii `User`. Scopul dumneavoastră este de a implementa " "metodele stubbed out pe `struct` `User` definită în blocul `impl`." #: src/borrowing/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Copy the code below to and fill in the missing " "method:" msgstr "" "Copiați codul de mai jos în și completați " "metodele lipsă:" #: src/borrowing/exercise.md msgid "" "\"Update a user's statistics based on measurements from a visit to the " "doctor\"" msgstr "" #: src/borrowing/exercise.md src/borrowing/solution.md #: src/android/build-rules/library.md src/android/aidl/client.md msgid "\"Bob\"" msgstr "" #: src/borrowing/exercise.md src/borrowing/solution.md msgid "\"I'm {} and my age is {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes.md msgid "[Slices: &\\[T\\]](./slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes.md msgid "[String References](./slices-and-lifetimes/str.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes.md msgid "" "[Lifetime Annotations](./slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md) (10 " "minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes.md msgid "" "[Lifetime Elision](./slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes.md msgid "" "[Struct Lifetimes](./slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes.md msgid "" "[Exercise: Protobuf Parsing](./slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md) (30 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md msgid "Slices" msgstr "Felii" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md #, fuzzy msgid "A slice gives you a view into a larger collection:" msgstr "O felie vă oferă o imagine a unei colecții mai mari:" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md #, fuzzy msgid "Slices borrow data from the sliced type." msgstr "Felii împrumută date din tipul feliat." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md #, fuzzy msgid "Question: What happens if you modify `a[3]` right before printing `s`?" msgstr "" "Întrebare: Ce se întâmplă dacă modificați `a[3]` chiar înainte de a imprima " "`s`?" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "We create a slice by borrowing `a` and specifying the starting and ending " "indexes in brackets." msgstr "" "Creăm o felie prin împrumutarea lui `a` și specificarea indicilor de început " "și de sfârșit între paranteze." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "If the slice starts at index 0, Rust’s range syntax allows us to drop the " "starting index, meaning that `&a[0..a.len()]` and `&a[..a.len()]` are " "identical." msgstr "" "Dacă felia începe la indexul 0, sintaxa intervalului din Rust ne permite să " "renunțăm la indexul de pornire, ceea ce înseamnă că `&a[0..a.len()]` și " "`&a[..a.len()]` sunt identice." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The same is true for the last index, so `&a[2..a.len()]` and `&a[2..]` are " "identical." msgstr "" "Același lucru este valabil și pentru ultimul indice, astfel încât `&a[2..a." "len()]` și `&a[2..]` sunt identice." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "To easily create a slice of the full array, we can therefore use `&a[..]`." msgstr "" "Pentru a crea cu ușurință o porțiune din întregul tablou, putem folosi " "`&a[...]`." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`s` is a reference to a slice of `i32`s. Notice that the type of `s` " "(`&[i32]`) no longer mentions the array length. This allows us to perform " "computation on slices of different sizes." msgstr "" "`s` este o referință la o felie de `i32`s. Observați că tipul lui `s` " "(`&[i32]`) nu mai menționează lungimea matricei. Acest lucru ne permite să " "efectuăm calcule pe felii de dimensiuni diferite." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Slices always borrow from another object. In this example, `a` has to remain " "'alive' (in scope) for at least as long as our slice." msgstr "" "Feliile împrumută întotdeauna de la un alt obiect. În acest exemplu, `a` " "trebuie să rămână \"în viață\" (în domeniul de aplicare) cel puțin atâta " "timp cât slice-ul nostru." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The question about modifying `a[3]` can spark an interesting discussion, but " "the answer is that for memory safety reasons you cannot do it through `a` at " "this point in the execution, but you can read the data from both `a` and `s` " "safely. It works before you created the slice, and again after the " "`println`, when the slice is no longer used." msgstr "" "Întrebarea despre modificarea lui `a[3]` poate stârni o discuție " "interesantă, dar răspunsul este că, din motive de siguranță a memoriei, nu " "se poate face acest lucru prin `a` în acest moment al execuției, dar se pot " "citi datele atât din `a`, cât și din `s` în siguranță. Funcționează înainte " "de a crea slice-ul și din nou după `println`, când slice-ul nu mai este " "utilizat. Mai multe detalii vor fi explicate în secțiunea de verificare a " "împrumuturilor." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md msgid "" "We can now understand the two string types in Rust: `&str` is almost like " "`&[char]`, but with its data stored in a variable-length encoding (UTF-8)." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md msgid "\"s1: {s1}\"" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"Hello \"" msgstr "Bună lume!" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md msgid "\"s3: {s3}\"" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md #, fuzzy msgid "Rust terminology:" msgstr "Terminologia ruginii:" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md #, fuzzy msgid "`&str` an immutable reference to a string slice." msgstr "`&str` o referință imuabilă la o felie de șir de caractere." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md #, fuzzy msgid "`String` a mutable string buffer." msgstr "`String` un buffer de șir de caractere mutabil." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`&str` introduces a string slice, which is an immutable reference to UTF-8 " "encoded string data stored in a block of memory. String literals " "(`”Hello”`), are stored in the program’s binary." msgstr "" "`&str` introduce o felie de șir de caractere, care este o referință imuabilă " "la date de șir de caractere codificate UTF-8 stocate într-un bloc de " "memorie. Șirurile literale (`\"Hello\"`), sunt stocate în binarul " "programului." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust’s `String` type is a wrapper around a vector of bytes. As with a " "`Vec`, it is owned." msgstr "" "Tipul `String` din Rust este un înveliș în jurul unui vector de octeți. La " "fel ca și în cazul unui `Vec`, acesta este deținut." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "As with many other types `String::from()` creates a string from a string " "literal; `String::new()` creates a new empty string, to which string data " "can be added using the `push()` and `push_str()` methods." msgstr "" "Ca și în cazul multor alte tipuri, `String::from()` creează un șir de " "caractere dintr-un literal de șir; `String::new()` creează un nou șir de " "caractere gol, la care se pot adăuga date de șiruri de caractere folosind " "metodele `push()` și `push_str()`." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The `format!()` macro is a convenient way to generate an owned string from " "dynamic values. It accepts the same format specification as `println!()`." msgstr "" "Macroul `format!()` este o modalitate convenabilă de a genera un șir de " "caractere proprii din valori dinamice. Acceptă aceeași specificație de " "format ca și `println!()`." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md msgid "" "You can borrow `&str` slices from `String` via `&` and optionally range " "selection. If you select a byte range that is not aligned to character " "boundaries, the expression will panic. The `chars` iterator iterates over " "characters and is preferred over trying to get character boundaries right." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "For C++ programmers: think of `&str` as `std::string_view` from C++, but the " "one that always points to a valid string in memory. Rust `String` is a rough " "equivalent of `std::string` from C++ (main difference: it can only contain " "UTF-8 encoded bytes and will never use a small-string optimization)." msgstr "" "Pentru programatorii din C++: gândiți-vă la `&str` ca la `const char*` din C+" "+, dar cel care indică întotdeauna un șir de caractere valid în memorie. " "Rust `String` este un echivalent aproximativ al lui `std::string` din C++ " "(principala diferență: poate conține numai octeți codificați UTF-8 și nu va " "folosi niciodată o optimizare pentru șiruri mici)." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md #, fuzzy msgid "Byte strings literals allow you to create a `&[u8]` value directly:" msgstr "Șirurile de octeți vă permit să creați direct o valoare `&[u8]`:" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md msgid "" "A reference has a _lifetime_, which must not \"outlive\" the value it refers " "to. This is verified by the borrow checker." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md msgid "" "The lifetime can be implicit - this is what we have seen so far. Lifetimes " "can also be explicit: `&'a Point`, `&'document str`. Lifetimes start with " "`'` and `'a` is a typical default name. Read `&'a Point` as \"a borrowed " "`Point` which is valid for at least the lifetime `a`\"." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Lifetimes are always inferred by the compiler: you cannot assign a lifetime " "yourself. Explicit lifetime annotations create constraints where there is " "ambiguity; the compiler verifies that there is a valid solution." msgstr "" "Adnotările privind durata de viață creează constrângeri; compilatorul " "verifică dacă există o soluție validă." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md msgid "" "Lifetimes become more complicated when considering passing values to and " "returning values from functions." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md msgid "// What is the lifetime of p3?\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md msgid "\"p3: {p3:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md msgid "" "In this example, the the compiler does not know what lifetime to infer for " "`p3`. Looking inside the function body shows that it can only safely assume " "that `p3`'s lifetime is the shorter of `p1` and `p2`. But just like types, " "Rust requires explicit annotations of lifetimes on function arguments and " "return values." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md msgid "Add `'a` appropriately to `left_most`:" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md msgid "" "This says, \"given p1 and p2 which both outlive `'a`, the return value lives " "for at least `'a`." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md msgid "" "In common cases, lifetimes can be elided, as described on the next slide." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md msgid "Lifetimes in Function Calls" msgstr "Duratele de viață în apelurile de funcții" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Lifetimes for function arguments and return values must be fully specified, " "but Rust allows lifetimes to be elided in most cases with [a few simple " "rules](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/lifetime-elision.html). This is not " "inference -- it is just a syntactic shorthand." msgstr "" "Duratele de viață pentru argumentele funcțiilor și valorile de retur trebuie " "să fie specificate în întregime, dar Rust permite ca duratele de viață să " "fie eludate în majoritatea cazurilor cu [câteva reguli simple](https://doc." "rust-lang.org/nomicon/lifetime-elision.html)." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md msgid "Each argument which does not have a lifetime annotation is given one." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md msgid "" "If there is only one argument lifetime, it is given to all un-annotated " "return values." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md msgid "" "If there are multiple argument lifetimes, but the first one is for `self`, " "that lifetime is given to all un-annotated return values." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md msgid "In this example, `cab_distance` is trivially elided." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md msgid "" "The `nearest` function provides another example of a function with multiple " "references in its arguments that requires explicit annotation." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md msgid "Try adjusting the signature to \"lie\" about the lifetimes returned:" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md msgid "" "This won't compile, demonstrating that the annotations are checked for " "validity by the compiler. Note that this is not the case for raw pointers " "(unsafe), and this is a common source of errors with unsafe Rust." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md msgid "" "Students may ask when to use lifetimes. Rust borrows _always_ have " "lifetimes. Most of the time, elision and type inference mean these don't " "need to be written out. In more complicated cases, lifetime annotations can " "help resolve ambiguity. Often, especially when prototyping, it's easier to " "just work with owned data by cloning values where necessary." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md msgid "Lifetimes in Data Structures" msgstr "Duratele de viață în structurile de date" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "If a data type stores borrowed data, it must be annotated with a lifetime:" msgstr "" "În cazul în care un tip de date stochează date împrumutate, acesta trebuie " "să fie adnotat cu o durată de viață:" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md msgid "\"Bye {text}!\"" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md msgid "\"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.\"" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md msgid "// erase(text);\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md msgid "\"{fox:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md msgid "\"{dog:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "In the above example, the annotation on `Highlight` enforces that the data " "underlying the contained `&str` lives at least as long as any instance of " "`Highlight` that uses that data." msgstr "" "În exemplul de mai sus, adnotarea pentru `Highlight` impune ca datele care " "stau la baza `&str` conținute să aibă o durată de viață cel puțin egală cu " "cea a oricărei instanțe de `Highlight` care utilizează aceste date." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "If `text` is consumed before the end of the lifetime of `fox` (or `dog`), " "the borrow checker throws an error." msgstr "" "Dacă `text` este consumat înainte de sfârșitul duratei de viață a lui `fox` " "(sau `dog`), verificatorul de împrumuturi aruncă o eroare." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Types with borrowed data force users to hold on to the original data. This " "can be useful for creating lightweight views, but it generally makes them " "somewhat harder to use." msgstr "" "Tipurile cu date împrumutate îi obligă pe utilizatori să păstreze datele " "originale. Acest lucru poate fi util pentru a crea vizualizări ușoare, dar, " "în general, le face ceva mai greu de utilizat." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md #, fuzzy msgid "When possible, make data structures own their data directly." msgstr "" "Atunci când este posibil, faceți ca structurile de date să dețină direct " "datele lor." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Some structs with multiple references inside can have more than one lifetime " "annotation. This can be necessary if there is a need to describe lifetime " "relationships between the references themselves, in addition to the lifetime " "of the struct itself. Those are very advanced use cases." msgstr "" "Unele structuri cu referințe multiple în interior pot avea mai multe " "adnotări de durată de viață. Acest lucru poate fi necesar în cazul în care " "este necesar să se descrie relațiile de durată de viață între referințe, pe " "lângă durata de viață a structurii în sine. Acestea sunt cazuri de utilizare " "foarte avansate." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md msgid "" "In this exercise, you will build a parser for the [protobuf binary encoding]" "(https://protobuf.dev/programming-guides/encoding/). Don't worry, it's " "simpler than it seems! This illustrates a common parsing pattern, passing " "slices of data. The underlying data itself is never copied." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md msgid "" "Fully parsing a protobuf message requires knowing the types of the fields, " "indexed by their field numbers. That is typically provided in a `proto` " "file. In this exercise, we'll encode that information into `match` " "statements in functions that get called for each field." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "We'll use the following proto:" msgstr "Puteți utiliza următorul `Cargo.toml`:" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md msgid "" "A proto message is encoded as a series of fields, one after the next. Each " "is implemented as a \"tag\" followed by the value. The tag contains a field " "number (e.g., `2` for the `id` field of a `Person` message) and a wire type " "defining how the payload should be determined from the byte stream." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md msgid "" "Integers, including the tag, are represented with a variable-length encoding " "called VARINT. Luckily, `parse_varint` is defined for you below. The given " "code also defines callbacks to handle `Person` and `PhoneNumber` fields, and " "to parse a message into a series of calls to those callbacks." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md msgid "" "What remains for you is to implement the `parse_field` function and the " "`ProtoMessage` trait for `Person` and `PhoneNumber`." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "\"Invalid varint\"" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "\"Invalid wire-type\"" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "\"Unexpected EOF\"" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "\"Invalid length\"" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "\"Unexpected wire-type)\"" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "\"Invalid string (not UTF-8)\"" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "/// A wire type as seen on the wire.\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "/// The Varint WireType indicates the value is a single VARINT.\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "" "//I64, -- not needed for this exercise\n" " /// The Len WireType indicates that the value is a length represented as " "a\n" " /// VARINT followed by exactly that number of bytes.\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "" "/// The I32 WireType indicates that the value is precisely 4 bytes in\n" " /// little-endian order containing a 32-bit signed integer.\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "/// A field's value, typed based on the wire type.\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "//I64(i64), -- not needed for this exercise\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "/// A field, containing the field number and its value.\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "//1 => WireType::I64, -- not needed for this exercise\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "" "/// Parse a VARINT, returning the parsed value and the remaining bytes.\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "" "// This is the last byte of the VARINT, so convert it to\n" " // a u64 and return it.\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "// More than 7 bytes is invalid.\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "/// Convert a tag into a field number and a WireType.\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "/// Parse a field, returning the remaining bytes\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md msgid "" "\"Based on the wire type, build a Field, consuming as many bytes as " "necessary.\"" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md msgid "\"Return the field, and any un-consumed bytes.\"" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "" "/// Parse a message in the given data, calling `T::add_field` for each field " "in\n" "/// the message.\n" "///\n" "/// The entire input is consumed.\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md msgid "// TODO: Implement ProtoMessage for Person and PhoneNumber.\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "// Unwrap error because `value` is definitely 4 bytes long.\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "// skip everything else\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "b\"hello\"" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-4.md #, fuzzy msgid "Welcome to Day 4" msgstr "Bine ați venit la Ziua 1" #: src/welcome-day-4.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Today we will cover topics relating to building large-scale software in Rust:" msgstr "Astăzi, vom aborda câteva subiecte mai avansate din Rust:" #: src/welcome-day-4.md msgid "Iterators: a deep dive on the `Iterator` trait." msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-4.md msgid "Modules and visibility." msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-4.md #, fuzzy msgid "Testing." msgstr "Testare" #: src/welcome-day-4.md #, fuzzy msgid "Error handling: panics, `Result`, and the try operator `?`." msgstr "Gestionarea erorilor: panici, `Result` și operatorul try `?`." #: src/welcome-day-4.md msgid "" "Unsafe Rust: the escape hatch when you can't express yourself in safe Rust." msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-4.md msgid "[Welcome](./welcome-day-4.md) (3 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-4.md msgid "[Iterators](./iterators.md) (45 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-4.md msgid "[Modules](./modules.md) (40 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-4.md msgid "[Testing](./testing.md) (1 hour and 5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/iterators.md msgid "[Iterator](./iterators/iterator.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/iterators.md msgid "[IntoIterator](./iterators/intoiterator.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/iterators.md msgid "[FromIterator](./iterators/fromiterator.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/iterators.md msgid "" "[Exercise: Iterator Method Chaining](./iterators/exercise.md) (30 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/iterators/iterator.md msgid "" "The [`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html) " "trait supports iterating over values in a collection. It requires a `next` " "method and provides lots of methods. Many standard library types implement " "`Iterator`, and you can implement it yourself, too:" msgstr "" #: src/iterators/iterator.md msgid "\"fib({i}): {n}\"" msgstr "" #: src/iterators/iterator.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The `Iterator` trait implements many common functional programming " "operations over collections (e.g. `map`, `filter`, `reduce`, etc). This is " "the trait where you can find all the documentation about them. In Rust these " "functions should produce the code as efficient as equivalent imperative " "implementations." msgstr "" "Caracteristica `Iterator` implementează multe operații comune de programare " "funcțională asupra colecțiilor (de exemplu, `map`, `filter`, `reduce` etc.). " "Aceasta este trăsătura în care puteți găsi toată documentația referitoare la " "acestea. În Rust, aceste funcții ar trebui să producă cod la fel de eficient " "ca și implementările imperative echivalente." #: src/iterators/iterator.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`IntoIterator` is the trait that makes for loops work. It is implemented by " "collection types such as `Vec` and references to them such as `&Vec` " "and `&[T]`. Ranges also implement it. This is why you can iterate over a " "vector with `for i in some_vec { .. }` but `some_vec.next()` doesn't exist." msgstr "" "`IntoIterator` este trăsătura care face ca buclele for să funcționeze. Este " "implementată prin tipuri de colecții, cum ar fi `Vec` și referințe la " "acestea, cum ar fi `&Vec` și `&[T]`. De asemenea, este " "implementată și în cazul intervalelor. Acesta este motivul pentru care " "puteți itera un vector cu `for i in some_vec { ... }`, dar `some_vec.next()` " "nu există." #: src/iterators/intoiterator.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The `Iterator` trait tells you how to _iterate_ once you have created an " "iterator. The related trait [`IntoIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/" "iter/trait.IntoIterator.html) defines how to create an iterator for a type. " "It is used automatically by the `for` loop." msgstr "" "Trăsătura `Iterator` vă spune cum să _iterați_ după ce ați creat un " "iterator. Trăsătura conexă `IntoIterator` vă spune cum să creați iteratorul:" #: src/iterators/intoiterator.md msgid "\"point = {x}, {y}\"" msgstr "" #: src/iterators/intoiterator.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Click through to the docs for `IntoIterator`. Every implementation of " "`IntoIterator` must declare two types:" msgstr "" "Sintaxa de aici înseamnă că fiecare implementare a lui `IntoIterator` " "trebuie să declare două tipuri:" #: src/iterators/intoiterator.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Item`: the type to iterate over, such as `i8`," msgstr "`Item`: tipul peste care iterăm, cum ar fi `i8`," #: src/iterators/intoiterator.md #, fuzzy msgid "`IntoIter`: the `Iterator` type returned by the `into_iter` method." msgstr "`IntoIter`: tipul `Iterator` returnat de metoda `into_iter`." #: src/iterators/intoiterator.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Note that `IntoIter` and `Item` are linked: the iterator must have the same " "`Item` type, which means that it returns `Option`" msgstr "" "Rețineți că `IntoIter` și `Item` sunt legate: iteratorul trebuie să aibă " "același tip `Item`, ceea ce înseamnă că returnează `Opțiune``" #: src/iterators/intoiterator.md msgid "The example iterates over all combinations of x and y coordinates." msgstr "" #: src/iterators/intoiterator.md msgid "" "Try iterating over the grid twice in `main`. Why does this fail? Note that " "`IntoIterator::into_iter` takes ownership of `self`." msgstr "" #: src/iterators/intoiterator.md msgid "" "Fix this issue by implementing `IntoIterator` for `&Grid` and storing a " "reference to the `Grid` in `GridIter`." msgstr "" #: src/iterators/intoiterator.md msgid "" "The same problem can occur for standard library types: `for e in " "some_vector` will take ownership of `some_vector` and iterate over owned " "elements from that vector. Use `for e in &some_vector` instead, to iterate " "over references to elements of `some_vector`." msgstr "" #: src/iterators/fromiterator.md msgid "FromIterator" msgstr "FromIterator" #: src/iterators/fromiterator.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`FromIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.FromIterator.html) " "lets you build a collection from an [`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" "std/iter/trait.Iterator.html)." msgstr "" "[`FromIterator`]](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.FromIterator." "html) vă permite să construiți o colecție dintr-un [`Iterator`](https://doc." "rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html)." #: src/iterators/fromiterator.md msgid "\"prime_squares: {prime_squares:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/iterators/fromiterator.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Iterator` implements" msgstr "`Iterator`" #: src/iterators/fromiterator.md msgid "There are two ways to specify `B` for this method:" msgstr "" #: src/iterators/fromiterator.md msgid "" "With the \"turbofish\": `some_iterator.collect::()`, as " "shown. The `_` shorthand used here lets Rust infer the type of the `Vec` " "elements." msgstr "" #: src/iterators/fromiterator.md msgid "" "With type inference: `let prime_squares: Vec<_> = some_iterator.collect()`. " "Rewrite the example to use this form." msgstr "" #: src/iterators/fromiterator.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "There are basic implementations of `FromIterator` for `Vec`, `HashMap`, etc. " "There are also more specialized implementations which let you do cool things " "like convert an `Iterator>` into a `Result, E>`." msgstr "" "Există, de asemenea, implementări care vă permit să faceți lucruri " "interesante, cum ar fi convertirea unui `Iterator<Item = Rezultat>` într-un `Resultat<Vec, E>`." #: src/iterators/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "In this exercise, you will need to find and use some of the provided methods " "in the [`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html) " "trait to implement a complex calculation." msgstr "" "Puteți implementa trăsătura [`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/" "trait.Iterator.html) pe propriile tipuri:" #: src/iterators/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Copy the following code to and make the tests " "pass. Use an iterator expression and `collect` the result to construct the " "return value." msgstr "" "Copiați următorul cod în și faceți ca testele " "să treacă. Încercați să evitați să alocați un `Vec` pentru rezultatele " "intermediare:" #: src/iterators/exercise.md src/iterators/solution.md msgid "" "/// Calculate the differences between elements of `values` offset by " "`offset`,\n" "/// wrapping around from the end of `values` to the beginning.\n" "///\n" "/// Element `n` of the result is `values[(n+offset)%len] - values[n]`.\n" msgstr "" #: src/modules.md msgid "[Modules](./modules/modules.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/modules.md msgid "[Filesystem Hierarchy](./modules/filesystem.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/modules.md msgid "[Visibility](./modules/visibility.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/modules.md msgid "[use, super, self](./modules/paths.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/modules.md msgid "" "[Exercise: Modules for a GUI Library](./modules/exercise.md) (15 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/modules.md msgid "This segment should take about 40 minutes" msgstr "" #: src/modules/modules.md #, fuzzy msgid "We have seen how `impl` blocks let us namespace functions to a type." msgstr "" "Am văzut cum blocurile `impl` ne permit să atribuim funcții de namespace la " "un tip." #: src/modules/modules.md #, fuzzy msgid "Similarly, `mod` lets us namespace types and functions:" msgstr "" "În mod similar, `mod` ne permite să folosim tipuri și funcții de spațiu de " "nume:" #: src/modules/modules.md msgid "\"In the foo module\"" msgstr "" #: src/modules/modules.md msgid "\"In the bar module\"" msgstr "" #: src/modules/modules.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Packages provide functionality and include a `Cargo.toml` file that " "describes how to build a bundle of 1+ crates." msgstr "" "Pachetele oferă funcționalitate și includ un fișier `Cargo.toml` care " "descrie cum se construiește un pachet de 1+ crates." #: src/modules/modules.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Crates are a tree of modules, where a binary crate creates an executable and " "a library crate compiles to a library." msgstr "" "Crates reprezintă un arbore de module, în care un crate binar creează un " "executabil, iar un crate de bibliotecă compilează o bibliotecă." #: src/modules/modules.md #, fuzzy msgid "Modules define organization, scope, and are the focus of this section." msgstr "" "Modulele definesc organizarea, domeniul de aplicare și reprezintă punctul " "central al acestei secțiuni." #: src/modules/filesystem.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Omitting the module content will tell Rust to look for it in another file:" msgstr "" "Omiterea conținutului modulului îi va spune lui Rust să îl caute într-un alt " "fișier:" #: src/modules/filesystem.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "This tells rust that the `garden` module content is found at `src/garden." "rs`. Similarly, a `garden::vegetables` module can be found at `src/garden/" "vegetables.rs`." msgstr "" "Acest lucru îi spune lui Rust că conținutul modulului `garden` se găsește la " "`src/garden.rs`. În mod similar, un modul `garden::vegetables` se găsește la " "`src/garden/vegetables.rs`." #: src/modules/filesystem.md #, fuzzy msgid "The `crate` root is in:" msgstr "Rădăcina `crate` este în:" #: src/modules/filesystem.md #, fuzzy msgid "`src/lib.rs` (for a library crate)" msgstr "`src/lib.rs` (pentru o bibliotecă)" #: src/modules/filesystem.md #, fuzzy msgid "`src/main.rs` (for a binary crate)" msgstr "`src/main.rs` (pentru un crate binar)" #: src/modules/filesystem.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Modules defined in files can be documented, too, using \"inner doc " "comments\". These document the item that contains them -- in this case, a " "module." msgstr "" "Modulele definite în fișiere pot fi, de asemenea, documentate, folosind " "\"inner doc comments\". Acestea documentează elementul care le conține - în " "acest caz, un modul." #: src/modules/filesystem.md msgid "" "//! This module implements the garden, including a highly performant " "germination\n" "//! implementation.\n" msgstr "" #: src/modules/filesystem.md msgid "// Re-export types from this module.\n" msgstr "" #: src/modules/filesystem.md msgid "/// Sow the given seed packets.\n" msgstr "" #: src/modules/filesystem.md msgid "/// Harvest the produce in the garden that is ready.\n" msgstr "" #: src/modules/filesystem.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Before Rust 2018, modules needed to be located at `module/mod.rs` instead of " "`module.rs`, and this is still a working alternative for editions after 2018." msgstr "" "Înainte de Rust 2018, modulele trebuiau să fie localizate la `module/mod.rs` " "în loc de `module.rs`, iar aceasta este încă o alternativă funcțională " "pentru edițiile după 2018." #: src/modules/filesystem.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The main reason to introduce `filename.rs` as alternative to `filename/mod." "rs` was because many files named `mod.rs` can be hard to distinguish in IDEs." msgstr "" "Motivul principal pentru care s-a introdus `filename.rs` ca alternativă la " "`filename/mod.rs` a fost acela că multe fișiere numite `mod.rs` pot fi greu " "de distins în IDE-uri." #: src/modules/filesystem.md #, fuzzy msgid "Deeper nesting can use folders, even if the main module is a file:" msgstr "" "În cazul în care este vorba de o înglobare mai profundă, se pot utiliza " "dosare, chiar dacă modulul principal este un fișier:" #: src/modules/filesystem.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The place rust will look for modules can be changed with a compiler " "directive:" msgstr "" "Locul în care rust va căuta modulele poate fi schimbat cu o directivă de " "compilare:" #: src/modules/filesystem.md msgid "\"some/path.rs\"" msgstr "" #: src/modules/filesystem.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "This is useful, for example, if you would like to place tests for a module " "in a file named `some_module_test.rs`, similar to the convention in Go." msgstr "" "Acest lucru este util, de exemplu, dacă doriți să plasați testele pentru un " "modul într-un fișier numit `some_module_test.rs`, similar convenției din Go." #: src/modules/visibility.md #, fuzzy msgid "Modules are a privacy boundary:" msgstr "Modulele reprezintă o limită de confidențialitate:" #: src/modules/visibility.md #, fuzzy msgid "Module items are private by default (hides implementation details)." msgstr "" "Elementele modulului sunt private în mod implicit (ascunde detaliile de " "implementare)." #: src/modules/visibility.md #, fuzzy msgid "Parent and sibling items are always visible." msgstr "Elementele părinților și ale fraților sunt întotdeauna vizibile." #: src/modules/visibility.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "In other words, if an item is visible in module `foo`, it's visible in all " "the descendants of `foo`." msgstr "" "Cu alte cuvinte, dacă un element este vizibil în modulul `foo`, el este " "vizibil în toți descendenții lui `foo`." #: src/modules/visibility.md msgid "\"outer::private\"" msgstr "" #: src/modules/visibility.md msgid "\"outer::public\"" msgstr "" #: src/modules/visibility.md msgid "\"outer::inner::private\"" msgstr "" #: src/modules/visibility.md msgid "\"outer::inner::public\"" msgstr "" #: src/modules/visibility.md #, fuzzy msgid "Use the `pub` keyword to make modules public." msgstr "Utilizați cuvântul cheie `pub` pentru a face modulele publice." #: src/modules/visibility.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Additionally, there are advanced `pub(...)` specifiers to restrict the scope " "of public visibility." msgstr "" "În plus, există specificatori avansați `pub(...)` pentru a restricționa " "domeniul de aplicare al vizibilității publice." #: src/modules/visibility.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "See the [Rust Reference](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/visibility-and-" "privacy.html#pubin-path-pubcrate-pubsuper-and-pubself)." msgstr "" "A se vedea [Rust Reference](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/visibility-" "and-privacy.html#pubin-path-pubcrate-pubsuper-and-pubself)." #: src/modules/visibility.md #, fuzzy msgid "Configuring `pub(crate)` visibility is a common pattern." msgstr "Configurarea vizibilității `pub(crate)` este un model comun." #: src/modules/visibility.md #, fuzzy msgid "Less commonly, you can give visibility to a specific path." msgstr "Mai rar, puteți oferi vizibilitate unei anumite căi de acces." #: src/modules/visibility.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "In any case, visibility must be granted to an ancestor module (and all of " "its descendants)." msgstr "" "În orice caz, vizibilitatea trebuie să fie acordată unui modul strămoș (și " "tuturor descendenților săi)." #: src/modules/paths.md msgid "use, super, self" msgstr "" #: src/modules/paths.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "A module can bring symbols from another module into scope with `use`. You " "will typically see something like this at the top of each module:" msgstr "" "Un modul poate aduce simboluri dintr-un alt modul în domeniul de aplicare cu " "`use`. De obicei, veți vedea ceva de genul acesta în partea de sus a " "fiecărui modul:" #: src/modules/paths.md msgid "Paths" msgstr "Trasee" #: src/modules/paths.md #, fuzzy msgid "Paths are resolved as follows:" msgstr "Căile de acces se rezolvă după cum urmează:" #: src/modules/paths.md #, fuzzy msgid "As a relative path:" msgstr "Ca o cale relativă:" #: src/modules/paths.md #, fuzzy msgid "`foo` or `self::foo` refers to `foo` in the current module," msgstr "`foo` sau `self::foo` se referă la `foo` din modulul curent," #: src/modules/paths.md #, fuzzy msgid "`super::foo` refers to `foo` in the parent module." msgstr "`super::foo` se referă la `foo` din modulul părinte." #: src/modules/paths.md #, fuzzy msgid "As an absolute path:" msgstr "Ca o cale absolută:" #: src/modules/paths.md #, fuzzy msgid "`crate::foo` refers to `foo` in the root of the current crate," msgstr "`crate::foo` se referă la `foo` din rădăcina cratei curente," #: src/modules/paths.md #, fuzzy msgid "`bar::foo` refers to `foo` in the `bar` crate." msgstr "`bar::foo` se referă la `foo` din cadrul `bar` crate." #: src/modules/paths.md msgid "" "It is common to \"re-export\" symbols at a shorter path. For example, the " "top-level `lib.rs` in a crate might have" msgstr "" #: src/modules/paths.md msgid "" "making `DiskStorage` and `NetworkStorage` available to other crates with a " "convenient, short path." msgstr "" #: src/modules/paths.md msgid "" "For the most part, only items that appear in a module need to be `use`'d. " "However, a trait must be in scope to call any methods on that trait, even if " "a type implementing that trait is already in scope. For example, to use the " "`read_to_string` method on a type implementing the `Read` trait, you need to " "`use std::io::Read`." msgstr "" #: src/modules/paths.md msgid "" "The `use` statement can have a wildcard: `use std::io::*`. This is " "discouraged because it is not clear which items are imported, and those " "might change over time." msgstr "" #: src/modules/exercise.md msgid "" "In this exercise, you will reorganize a small GUI Library implementation. " "This library defines a `Widget` trait and a few implementations of that " "trait, as well as a `main` function." msgstr "" #: src/modules/exercise.md msgid "" "It is typical to put each type or set of closely-related types into its own " "module, so each widget type should get its own module." msgstr "" #: src/modules/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "Cargo Setup" msgstr "Setare" #: src/modules/exercise.md msgid "" "The Rust playground only supports one file, so you will need to make a Cargo " "project on your local filesystem:" msgstr "" #: src/modules/exercise.md msgid "" "Edit the resulting `src/main.rs` to add `mod` statements, and add additional " "files in the `src` directory." msgstr "" #: src/modules/exercise.md msgid "Source" msgstr "" #: src/modules/exercise.md msgid "Here's the single-module implementation of the GUI library:" msgstr "" #: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md msgid "/// Natural width of `self`.\n" msgstr "" #: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md msgid "/// Draw the widget into a buffer.\n" msgstr "" #: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md msgid "/// Draw the widget on standard output.\n" msgstr "" #: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md msgid "\"{buffer}\"" msgstr "" #: src/modules/exercise.md msgid "// Add 4 paddings for borders\n" msgstr "" #: src/modules/exercise.md msgid "" "// TODO: Change draw_into to return Result<(), std::fmt::Error>. Then use " "the\n" " // ?-operator here instead of .unwrap().\n" msgstr "" #: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md msgid "\"+-{:-. Then use\n" " // the ?-operator here instead of .unwrap().\n" msgstr "" #: src/modules/solution.md msgid "// ---- src/main.rs ----\n" msgstr "" #: src/testing.md msgid "[Test Modules](./testing/unit-tests.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/testing.md msgid "[Other Types of Tests](./testing/other.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/testing.md msgid "[Useful Crates](./testing/useful-crates.md) (3 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/testing.md msgid "[GoogleTest](./testing/googletest.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/testing.md msgid "[Mocking](./testing/mocking.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/testing.md msgid "[Compiler Lints and Clippy](./testing/lints.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/testing.md msgid "[Exercise: Luhn Algorithm](./testing/exercise.md) (30 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/testing/unit-tests.md msgid "Unit Tests" msgstr "Teste unitare" #: src/testing/unit-tests.md #, fuzzy msgid "Rust and Cargo come with a simple unit test framework:" msgstr "Rust și Cargo vin cu un cadru simplu de testare a unităților:" #: src/testing/unit-tests.md #, fuzzy msgid "Unit tests are supported throughout your code." msgstr "Testele unitare sunt acceptate în tot codul dumneavoastră." #: src/testing/unit-tests.md #, fuzzy msgid "Integration tests are supported via the `tests/` directory." msgstr "" "Testele de integrare sunt suportate prin intermediul directorului `tests/`." #: src/testing/unit-tests.md msgid "" "Tests are marked with `#[test]`. Unit tests are often put in a nested " "`tests` module, using `#[cfg(test)]` to conditionally compile them only when " "building tests." msgstr "" #: src/testing/unit-tests.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"Hello World\"" msgstr "Bună lume!" #: src/testing/unit-tests.md #, fuzzy msgid "This lets you unit test private helpers." msgstr "Acest lucru vă permite să testați unitar ajutoarele private." #: src/testing/unit-tests.md #, fuzzy msgid "The `#[cfg(test)]` attribute is only active when you run `cargo test`." msgstr "" "Atributul `#[cfg(test)]` este activ numai atunci când executați `cargo test`." #: src/testing/unit-tests.md msgid "Run the tests in the playground in order to show their results." msgstr "" #: src/testing/other.md msgid "Integration Tests" msgstr "Teste de integrare" #: src/testing/other.md #, fuzzy msgid "If you want to test your library as a client, use an integration test." msgstr "" "Dacă doriți să vă testați biblioteca ca și client, utilizați un test de " "integrare." #: src/testing/other.md #, fuzzy msgid "Create a `.rs` file under `tests/`:" msgstr "Creați un fișier `.rs` în `tests/`:" #: src/testing/other.md msgid "// tests/my_library.rs\n" msgstr "" #: src/testing/other.md #, fuzzy msgid "These tests only have access to the public API of your crate." msgstr "Aceste teste au acces numai la API-ul public al seriei dumneavoastră." #: src/testing/other.md msgid "Documentation Tests" msgstr "Teste de documentare" #: src/testing/other.md #, fuzzy msgid "Rust has built-in support for documentation tests:" msgstr "Rust are un suport încorporat pentru testele de documentare:" #: src/testing/other.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "/// Shortens a string to the given length.\n" "///\n" "/// ```\n" "/// # use playground::shorten_string;\n" "/// assert_eq!(shorten_string(\"Hello World\", 5), \"Hello\");\n" "/// assert_eq!(shorten_string(\"Hello World\", 20), \"Hello World\");\n" "/// ```\n" msgstr "" "```rust\n" "/// Scurtează un șir de caractere la lungimea dată.\n" "///\n" "/// ```\n" "/// # folosește playground::shorten_string;\n" "/// assert_eq!(shorten_string(\"Hello World\", 5), \"Hello\");\n" "/// assert_eq!(shorten_string(\"Hello World\", 20), \"Hello World\");\n" "/// ```\n" "pub fn shorten_string(s: &str, length: usize) -> &str {\n" " &s[..std::cmp::min(length, s.len())]]\n" "}\n" "```" #: src/testing/other.md #, fuzzy msgid "Code blocks in `///` comments are automatically seen as Rust code." msgstr "" "Blocurile de cod din comentariile `///` sunt considerate automat ca fiind " "cod Rust." #: src/testing/other.md #, fuzzy msgid "The code will be compiled and executed as part of `cargo test`." msgstr "Codul va fi compilat și executat ca parte din `cargo test`." #: src/testing/other.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Adding `#` in the code will hide it from the docs, but will still compile/" "run it." msgstr "" "Adăugarea lui `# ` în cod îl va ascunde din documentație, dar îl va compila/" "executa în continuare." #: src/testing/other.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Test the above code on the [Rust Playground](https://play.rust-lang.org/?" "version=stable&mode=debug&edition=2021&gist=3ce2ad13ea1302f6572cb15cd96becf0)." msgstr "" "Testați codul de mai sus pe [Rust Playground](https://play.rust-lang.org/?" "version=stable&mode=debug&edition=2021&gist=3ce2ad13ea1302f6572cb15cd96becf0)." #: src/testing/useful-crates.md #, fuzzy msgid "Rust comes with only basic support for writing tests." msgstr "Rust vine doar cu un suport de bază pentru scrierea de teste." #: src/testing/useful-crates.md #, fuzzy msgid "Here are some additional crates which we recommend for writing tests:" msgstr "" "Iată câteva crates suplimentare pe care le recomandăm pentru scrierea de " "teste:" #: src/testing/useful-crates.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[googletest](https://docs.rs/googletest): Comprehensive test assertion " "library in the tradition of GoogleTest for C++." msgstr "" "[googletest](https://docs.rs/googletest): Bibliotecă cuprinzătoare de " "testare a afirmațiilor de testare în tradiția GoogleTest pentru C++." #: src/testing/useful-crates.md #, fuzzy msgid "[proptest](https://docs.rs/proptest): Property-based testing for Rust." msgstr "" "[proptest](https://docs.rs/proptest): Testarea bazată pe proprietăți pentru " "Rust." #: src/testing/useful-crates.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[rstest](https://docs.rs/rstest): Support for fixtures and parameterised " "tests." msgstr "" "[rstest](https://docs.rs/rstest): Suport pentru testele de tip fixtures și " "teste parametrizate." #: src/testing/googletest.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The [GoogleTest](https://docs.rs/googletest/) crate allows for flexible test " "assertions using _matchers_:" msgstr "" "[googletest](https://docs.rs/googletest): Bibliotecă cuprinzătoare de " "testare a afirmațiilor de testare în tradiția GoogleTest pentru C++." #: src/testing/googletest.md msgid "\"baz\"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/googletest.md msgid "\"xyz\"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/googletest.md msgid "" "If we change the last element to `\"!\"`, the test fails with a structured " "error message pin-pointing the error:" msgstr "" #: src/testing/googletest.md msgid "" "GoogleTest is not part of the Rust Playground, so you need to run this " "example in a local environment. Use `cargo add googletest` to quickly add it " "to an existing Cargo project." msgstr "" #: src/testing/googletest.md msgid "" "The `use googletest::prelude::*;` line imports a number of [commonly used " "macros and types](https://docs.rs/googletest/latest/googletest/prelude/index." "html)." msgstr "" #: src/testing/googletest.md msgid "This just scratches the surface, there are many builtin matchers." msgstr "" #: src/testing/googletest.md msgid "" "A particularly nice feature is that mismatches in multi-line strings strings " "are shown as a diff:" msgstr "" #: src/testing/googletest.md msgid "" "\"Memory safety found,\\n\\\n" " Rust's strong typing guides the way,\\n\\\n" " Secure code you'll write.\"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/googletest.md msgid "" "\"Memory safety found,\\n\\\n" " Rust's silly humor guides the way,\\n\\\n" " Secure code you'll write.\"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/googletest.md msgid "shows a color-coded diff (colors not shown here):" msgstr "" #: src/testing/googletest.md msgid "" "The crate is a Rust port of [GoogleTest for C++](https://google.github.io/" "googletest/)." msgstr "" #: src/testing/googletest.md msgid "GoogleTest is available for use in AOSP." msgstr "" #: src/testing/mocking.md msgid "" "For mocking, [Mockall](https://docs.rs/mockall/) is a widely used library. " "You need to refactor your code to use traits, which you can then quickly " "mock:" msgstr "" #: src/testing/mocking.md msgid "" "The advice here is for Android (AOSP) where Mockall is the recommended " "mocking library. There are other [mocking libraries available on crates.io]" "(https://crates.io/keywords/mock), in particular in the area of mocking HTTP " "services. The other mocking libraries work in a similar fashion as Mockall, " "meaning that they make it easy to get a mock implementation of a given trait." msgstr "" #: src/testing/mocking.md msgid "" "Note that mocking is somewhat _controversial_: mocks allow you to completely " "isolate a test from its dependencies. The immediate result is faster and " "more stable test execution. On the other hand, the mocks can be configured " "wrongly and return output different from what the real dependencies would do." msgstr "" #: src/testing/mocking.md msgid "" "If at all possible, it is recommended that you use the real dependencies. As " "an example, many databases allow you to configure an in-memory backend. This " "means that you get the correct behavior in your tests, plus they are fast " "and will automatically clean up after themselves." msgstr "" #: src/testing/mocking.md msgid "" "Similarly, many web frameworks allow you to start an in-process server which " "binds to a random port on `localhost`. Always prefer this over mocking away " "the framework since it helps you test your code in the real environment." msgstr "" #: src/testing/mocking.md msgid "" "Mockall is not part of the Rust Playground, so you need to run this example " "in a local environment. Use `cargo add mockall` to quickly add Mockall to an " "existing Cargo project." msgstr "" #: src/testing/mocking.md msgid "" "Mockall has a lot more functionality. In particular, you can set up " "expectations which depend on the arguments passed. Here we use this to mock " "a cat which becomes hungry 3 hours after the last time it was fed:" msgstr "" #: src/testing/mocking.md msgid "" "You can use `.times(n)` to limit the number of times a mock method can be " "called to `n` --- the mock will automatically panic when dropped if this " "isn't satisfied." msgstr "" #: src/testing/lints.md msgid "" "The Rust compiler produces fantastic error messages, as well as helpful " "built-in lints. [Clippy](https://doc.rust-lang.org/clippy/) provides even " "more lints, organized into groups that can be enabled per-project." msgstr "" #: src/testing/lints.md msgid "\"X probably fits in a u16, right? {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/lints.md msgid "" "Run the code sample and examine the error message. There are also lints " "visible here, but those will not be shown once the code compiles. Switch to " "the Playground site to show those lints." msgstr "" #: src/testing/lints.md msgid "" "After resolving the lints, run `clippy` on the playground site to show " "clippy warnings. Clippy has extensive documentation of its lints, and adds " "new lints (including default-deny lints) all the time." msgstr "" #: src/testing/lints.md msgid "" "Note that errors or warnings with `help: ...` can be fixed with `cargo fix` " "or via your editor." msgstr "" #: src/testing/exercise.md msgid "Luhn Algorithm" msgstr "Algoritmul Luhn" #: src/testing/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The [Luhn algorithm](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luhn_algorithm) is used " "to validate credit card numbers. The algorithm takes a string as input and " "does the following to validate the credit card number:" msgstr "" "[Algoritmul Luhn](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luhn_algorithm) este " "utilizat pentru a valida numerele de carduri de credit. Algoritmul primește " "un șir de caractere ca intrare și face următoarele pentru a valida numărul " "cardului de credit:" #: src/testing/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "Ignore all spaces. Reject number with less than two digits." msgstr "Ignorați toate spațiile. Respinge numărul cu mai puțin de două cifre." #: src/testing/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Moving from **right to left**, double every second digit: for the number " "`1234`, we double `3` and `1`. For the number `98765`, we double `6` and `8`." msgstr "" "Mergând de la **dreapta la stânga**, dublăm fiecare a doua cifră: pentru " "numărul `1234`, dublăm `3` și `1`. Pentru numărul `98765`, dublăm `6` și `8`." #: src/testing/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "After doubling a digit, sum the digits if the result is greater than 9. So " "doubling `7` becomes `14` which becomes `1 + 4 = 5`." msgstr "" "După ce ați dublat o cifră, adunați cifrele dacă rezultatul este mai mare de " "9. Astfel, dublând `7` devine `14` care devine `1 + 4 = 5`." #: src/testing/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "Sum all the undoubled and doubled digits." msgstr "Adunați toate cifrele nedublate și dublate." #: src/testing/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "The credit card number is valid if the sum ends with `0`." msgstr "Numărul cardului de credit este valabil dacă suma se termină cu `0`." #: src/testing/exercise.md msgid "" "The provided code provides a buggy implementation of the luhn algorithm, " "along with two basic unit tests that confirm that most the algorithm is " "implemented correctly." msgstr "" #: src/testing/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Copy the code below to and write additional " "tests to uncover bugs in the provided implementation, fixing any bugs you " "find." msgstr "" "Copiați codul de mai jos în și completați " "funcțiile și metodele care lipsesc:" #: src/testing/exercise.md src/testing/solution.md msgid "\"4263 9826 4026 9299\"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/exercise.md src/testing/solution.md msgid "\"4539 3195 0343 6467\"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/exercise.md src/testing/solution.md msgid "\"7992 7398 713\"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/exercise.md src/testing/solution.md msgid "\"4223 9826 4026 9299\"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/exercise.md src/testing/solution.md msgid "\"4539 3195 0343 6476\"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/exercise.md src/testing/solution.md msgid "\"8273 1232 7352 0569\"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/solution.md msgid "// This is the buggy version that appears in the problem.\n" msgstr "" #: src/testing/solution.md msgid "// This is the solution and passes all of the tests below.\n" msgstr "" #: src/testing/solution.md msgid "\"1234 5678 1234 5670\"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/solution.md msgid "\"Is {cc_number} a valid credit card number? {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/solution.md msgid "\"yes\"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/solution.md msgid "\"no\"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/solution.md msgid "\"foo 0 0\"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/solution.md msgid "\" \"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/solution.md msgid "\" \"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/solution.md msgid "\" \"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/solution.md msgid "\"0\"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/solution.md msgid "\" 0 0 \"" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-4-afternoon.md msgid "[Error Handling](./error-handling.md) (45 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-4-afternoon.md msgid "[Unsafe Rust](./unsafe-rust.md) (1 hour and 5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-4-afternoon.md msgid "Including 10 minute breaks, this session should take about 2 hours" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling.md msgid "[Panics](./error-handling/panics.md) (3 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling.md msgid "[Try Operator](./error-handling/try.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling.md msgid "[Try Conversions](./error-handling/try-conversions.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling.md msgid "[Error Trait](./error-handling/error.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling.md msgid "" "[thiserror and anyhow](./error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling.md msgid "" "[Exercise: Rewriting with Result](./error-handling/exercise.md) (20 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/panics.md msgid "Rust handles fatal errors with a \"panic\"." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/panics.md #, fuzzy msgid "Rust will trigger a panic if a fatal error happens at runtime:" msgstr "" "Rust va declanșa o panică în cazul în care se produce o eroare fatală în " "timpul execuției:" #: src/error-handling/panics.md msgid "\"v[100]: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/panics.md #, fuzzy msgid "Panics are for unrecoverable and unexpected errors." msgstr "Panica este pentru erori irecuperabile și neașteptate." #: src/error-handling/panics.md #, fuzzy msgid "Panics are symptoms of bugs in the program." msgstr "Panicile sunt simptome ale unor erori în program." #: src/error-handling/panics.md msgid "Runtime failures like failed bounds checks can panic" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/panics.md msgid "Assertions (such as `assert!`) panic on failure" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/panics.md msgid "Purpose-specific panics can use the `panic!` macro." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/panics.md msgid "" "A panic will \"unwind\" the stack, dropping values just as if the functions " "had returned." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/panics.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Use non-panicking APIs (such as `Vec::get`) if crashing is not acceptable." msgstr "" "Folosiți API-uri care nu se blochează (cum ar fi `Vec::get`) dacă nu este " "acceptabilă blocarea." #: src/error-handling/panics.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "By default, a panic will cause the stack to unwind. The unwinding can be " "caught:" msgstr "" "În mod implicit, o panică va determina derularea stivei. Desfășurarea poate " "fi prinsă:" #: src/error-handling/panics.md msgid "\"No problem here!\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/panics.md msgid "\"{result:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/panics.md msgid "\"oh no!\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/panics.md msgid "" "Catching is unusual; do not attempt to implement exceptions with " "`catch_unwind`!" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/panics.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "This can be useful in servers which should keep running even if a single " "request crashes." msgstr "" "Acest lucru poate fi util în cazul serverelor care trebuie să continue să " "funcționeze chiar dacă o singură cerere se blochează." #: src/error-handling/panics.md #, fuzzy msgid "This does not work if `panic = 'abort'` is set in your `Cargo.toml`." msgstr "" "Acest lucru nu funcționează dacă `panic = 'abort'` este setat în `Cargo." "toml`." #: src/error-handling/try.md msgid "" "Runtime errors like connection-refused or file-not-found are handled with " "the `Result` type, but matching this type on every call can be cumbersome. " "The try-operator `?` is used to return errors to the caller. It lets you " "turn the common" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/try.md #, fuzzy msgid "into the much simpler" msgstr "în mult mai simplu" #: src/error-handling/try.md #, fuzzy msgid "We can use this to simplify our error handling code:" msgstr "" "Putem folosi acest lucru pentru a simplifica codul de tratare a erorilor:" #: src/error-handling/try.md msgid "//fs::write(\"config.dat\", \"alice\").unwrap();\n" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/try.md src/error-handling/try-conversions.md #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md msgid "\"config.dat\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/try.md src/error-handling/try-conversions.md msgid "\"username or error: {username:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/try.md msgid "Simplify the `read_username` function to use `?`." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/try.md #, fuzzy msgid "The `username` variable can be either `Ok(string)` or `Err(error)`." msgstr "Variabila `username` poate fi fie `Ok(string)`, fie `Err(error)`." #: src/error-handling/try.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Use the `fs::write` call to test out the different scenarios: no file, empty " "file, file with username." msgstr "" "Utilizați apelul `fs::write` pentru a testa diferite scenarii: niciun " "fișier, fișier gol, fișier cu nume de utilizator." #: src/error-handling/try.md msgid "" "Note that `main` can return a `Result<(), E>` as long as it implements `std::" "process:Termination`. In practice, this means that `E` implements `Debug`. " "The executable will print the `Err` variant and return a nonzero exit status " "on error." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The effective expansion of `?` is a little more complicated than previously " "indicated:" msgstr "" "Extinderea efectivă a lui `?` este puțin mai complicată decât s-a arătat " "anterior:" #: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md #, fuzzy msgid "works the same as" msgstr "funcționează la fel ca" #: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The `From::from` call here means we attempt to convert the error type to the " "type returned by the function. This makes it easy to encapsulate errors into " "higher-level errors." msgstr "" "Apelul `From::from` de aici înseamnă că încercăm să convertim tipul de " "eroare în tipul returnat de funcție." #: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md msgid "\"IO error: {e}\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md msgid "\"Found no username in {path}\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md msgid "//fs::write(\"config.dat\", \"\").unwrap();\n" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md msgid "" "The `?` operator must return a value compatible with the return type of the " "function. For `Result`, it means that the error types have to be compatible. " "A function that returns `Result` can only use `?` on a value " "of type `Result` if `ErrorOuter` and `ErrorInner` are the " "same type or if `ErrorOuter` implements `From`." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md msgid "" "A common alternative to a `From` implementation is `Result::map_err`, " "especially when the conversion only happens in one place." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md msgid "" "There is no compatibility requirement for `Option`. A function returning " "`Option` can use the `?` operator on `Option` for arbitrary `T` and " "`U` types." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md msgid "" "A function that returns `Result` cannot use `?` on `Option` and vice versa. " "However, `Option::ok_or` converts `Option` to `Result` whereas `Result::ok` " "turns `Result` into `Option`." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/error.md msgid "Dynamic Error Types" msgstr "Tipuri de erori dinamice" #: src/error-handling/error.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Sometimes we want to allow any type of error to be returned without writing " "our own enum covering all the different possibilities. The `std::error::" "Error` trait makes it easy to create a trait object that can contain any " "error." msgstr "" "Uneori dorim să permitem returnarea oricărui tip de eroare fără a scrie " "propriul nostru enum care să acopere toate posibilitățile diferite. `std::" "error::Error` facilitează acest lucru." #: src/error-handling/error.md msgid "\"count.dat\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/error.md msgid "\"1i3\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/error.md msgid "\"Count: {count}\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/error.md msgid "\"Error: {err}\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/error.md msgid "" "The `read_count` function can return `std::io::Error` (from file operations) " "or `std::num::ParseIntError` (from `String::parse`)." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/error.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Boxing errors saves on code, but gives up the ability to cleanly handle " "different error cases differently in the program. As such it's generally not " "a good idea to use `Box` in the public API of a library, but it " "can be a good option in a program where you just want to display the error " "message somewhere." msgstr "" "Acest lucru economisește cod, dar renunță la capacitatea de a trata în mod " "curat diferite cazuri de eroare în mod diferit în program. Ca atare, în " "general nu este o idee bună să folosiți `Box` în API-ul public al " "unei biblioteci, dar poate fi o opțiune bună într-un program în care doriți " "doar să afișați mesajul de eroare undeva." #: src/error-handling/error.md msgid "" "Make sure to implement the `std::error::Error` trait when defining a custom " "error type so it can be boxed. But if you need to support the `no_std` " "attribute, keep in mind that the `std::error::Error` trait is currently " "compatible with `no_std` in [nightly](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/" "issues/103765) only." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The [`thiserror`](https://docs.rs/thiserror/) and [`anyhow`](https://docs.rs/" "anyhow/) crates are widely used to simplify error handling." msgstr "" "Crăiasa [thiserror](https://docs.rs/thiserror/) este o modalitate populară " "de a crea o enumerație a erorilor, așa cum am făcut pe pagina anterioară:" #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md msgid "" "`thiserror` is often used in libraries to create custom error types that " "implement `From`." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md msgid "" "`anyhow` is often used by applications to help with error handling in " "functions, including adding contextual information to your errors." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md msgid "\"Found no username in {0}\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md msgid "\"Failed to open {path}\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md msgid "\"Failed to read\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md msgid "\"Username: {username}\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md msgid "\"Error: {err:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md #, fuzzy msgid "`thiserror`" msgstr "`Error`" #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md msgid "" "The `Error` derive macro is provided by `thiserror`, and has lots of useful " "attributes to help define error types in a compact way." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md msgid "The `std::error::Error` trait is derived automatically." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md msgid "The message from `#[error]` is used to derive the `Display` trait." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md msgid "`anyhow`" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`anyhow::Error` is essentially a wrapper around `Box`. As such " "it's again generally not a good choice for the public API of a library, but " "is widely used in applications." msgstr "" "`anyhow::Error` este în esență un înveliș în jurul lui `Box`. Ca " "atare, în general, nu este o alegere bună pentru API-ul public al unei " "biblioteci, dar este utilizat pe scară largă în aplicații." #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md #, fuzzy msgid "`anyhow::Result` is a type alias for `Result`." msgstr "" "`anyhow::Result` este un alias de tip pentru `Result`." #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Actual error type inside of it can be extracted for examination if necessary." msgstr "" "Tipul real de eroare din interiorul acestuia poate fi extras pentru " "examinare, dacă este necesar." #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Functionality provided by `anyhow::Result` may be familiar to Go " "developers, as it provides similar usage patterns and ergonomics to `(T, " "error)` from Go." msgstr "" "Funcționalitatea oferită de `anyhow::Result` poate fi cunoscută " "dezvoltatorilor Go, deoarece oferă modele de utilizare și ergonomie similare " "cu `(T, error)` din Go." #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md msgid "" "`anyhow::Context` is a trait implemented for the standard `Result` and " "`Option` types. `use anyhow::Context` is necessary to enable `.context()` " "and `.with_context()` on those types." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md msgid "Exercise: Rewriting with Result" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md msgid "" "The following implements a very simple parser for an expression language. " "However, it handles errors by panicking. Rewrite it to instead use idiomatic " "error handling and propagate errors to a return from `main`. Feel free to " "use `thiserror` and `anyhow`." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md msgid "" "HINT: start by fixing error handling in the `parse` function. Once that is " "working correctly, update `Tokenizer` to implement " "`Iterator>` and handle that in the parser." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "/// An arithmetic operator.\n" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "/// A token in the expression language.\n" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "/// An expression in the expression language.\n" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "/// A reference to a variable.\n" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "/// A literal number.\n" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "/// A binary operation.\n" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "'z'" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "'_'" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "'+'" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "'-'" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md msgid "\"Unexpected character {c}\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "\"Unexpected end of input\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md msgid "\"Invalid 32-bit integer'\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md msgid "\"Unexpected token {tok:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "// Look ahead to parse a binary operation if present.\n" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "\"10+foo+20-30\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "\"{expr:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "\"Unexpected character '{0}' in input\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "\"Tokenizer error: {0}\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "\"Unexpected token {0:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "\"Invalid number\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust.md msgid "[Unsafe](./unsafe-rust/unsafe.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust.md msgid "" "[Dereferencing Raw Pointers](./unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust.md msgid "[Mutable Static Variables](./unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust.md msgid "[Unions](./unsafe-rust/unions.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust.md msgid "[Unsafe Functions](./unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust.md msgid "[Unsafe Traits](./unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust.md msgid "[Exercise: FFI Wrapper](./unsafe-rust/exercise.md) (30 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md #, fuzzy msgid "The Rust language has two parts:" msgstr "Limbajul Rust are două părți:" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md #, fuzzy msgid "**Safe Rust:** memory safe, no undefined behavior possible." msgstr "**Safe Rust:** sigur în memorie, fără comportament nedefinit posibil." #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "**Unsafe Rust:** can trigger undefined behavior if preconditions are " "violated." msgstr "" "**Unsafe Rust:** poate declanșa un comportament nedefinit dacă sunt " "încălcate condițiile prealabile." #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "We saw mostly safe Rust in this course, but it's important to know what " "Unsafe Rust is." msgstr "" "În acest curs vom vedea mai ales Rust sigur, dar este important să știm ce " "este Rust nesigur." #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Unsafe code is usually small and isolated, and its correctness should be " "carefully documented. It is usually wrapped in a safe abstraction layer." msgstr "" "Codul nesigur este, de obicei, mic și izolat, iar corectitudinea sa trebuie " "documentată cu atenție. Acesta este de obicei acoperit de un strat de " "abstractizare sigur." #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md #, fuzzy msgid "Unsafe Rust gives you access to five new capabilities:" msgstr "Unsafe Rust vă oferă acces la cinci noi capacități:" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md #, fuzzy msgid "Dereference raw pointers." msgstr "Dereferențierea indicatoarelor brute." #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md #, fuzzy msgid "Access or modify mutable static variables." msgstr "Accesarea sau modificarea variabilelor statice mutabile." #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md #, fuzzy msgid "Access `union` fields." msgstr "Accesați câmpurile `union`." #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md #, fuzzy msgid "Call `unsafe` functions, including `extern` functions." msgstr "Apelarea funcțiilor `unsafe`, inclusiv a funcțiilor `extern`." #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md #, fuzzy msgid "Implement `unsafe` traits." msgstr "Implementarea trăsăturilor `unsafe`." #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "We will briefly cover unsafe capabilities next. For full details, please see " "[Chapter 19.1 in the Rust Book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch19-01-" "unsafe-rust.html) and the [Rustonomicon](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/)." msgstr "" "În continuare vom aborda pe scurt capacitățile nesigure. Pentru detalii " "complete, vă rugăm să consultați [Capitolul 19.1 din Rust Book](https://doc." "rust-lang.org/book/ch19-01-unsafe-rust.html) și [Rustonomicon](https://doc." "rust-lang.org/nomicon/)." #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Unsafe Rust does not mean the code is incorrect. It means that developers " "have turned off some compiler safety features and have to write correct code " "by themselves. It means the compiler no longer enforces Rust's memory-safety " "rules." msgstr "" "Unsafe Rust nu înseamnă că codul este incorect. Înseamnă că dezvoltatorii au " "dezactivat caracteristicile de siguranță ale compilatorului și trebuie să " "scrie singuri codul corect. Înseamnă că compilatorul nu mai aplică regulile " "de siguranță a memoriei din Rust." #: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md #, fuzzy msgid "Creating pointers is safe, but dereferencing them requires `unsafe`:" msgstr "" "Crearea de pointeri este sigură, dar dereferențierea lor necesită `unsafe`:" #: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md msgid "\"careful!\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "// Safe because r1 and r2 were obtained from references and so are\n" " // guaranteed to be non-null and properly aligned, the objects " "underlying\n" " // the references from which they were obtained are live throughout the\n" " // whole unsafe block, and they are not accessed either through the\n" " // references or concurrently through any other pointers.\n" msgstr "" "```rust,editabil\n" "fn main() {\n" " let mut num = 5;\n" "\n" " let r1 = &mut num as *mut i32;\n" " let r2 = r1 as *const i32;\n" "\n" " // Sigur, deoarece r1 și r2 au fost obținute din referințe și deci sunt\n" " // garantate ca fiind non-null și aliniate corespunzător, obiectele care " "stau la baza lor\n" " // referințele din care au fost obținute sunt vii pe tot parcursul\n" " // întregul bloc nesigur, și nu sunt accesate nici prin intermediul " "blocului\n" " // referințe, nici în același timp prin intermediul altor pointeri.\n" " unsafe {\n" " println!(\"r1 este: {}\", *r1);\n" " *r1 = 10;\n" " println!(\"r2 este: {}\", *r2);\n" " }\n" "}\n" "```" #: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md msgid "\"r1 is: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md msgid "\"uhoh\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md msgid "\"r2 is: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md msgid "" "// NOT SAFE. DO NOT DO THIS.\n" " /*\n" " let r3: &String = unsafe { &*r1 };\n" " drop(s);\n" " println!(\"r3 is: {}\", *r3);\n" " */" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "It is good practice (and required by the Android Rust style guide) to write " "a comment for each `unsafe` block explaining how the code inside it " "satisfies the safety requirements of the unsafe operations it is doing." msgstr "" "Este o bună practică (și este cerută de ghidul de stil Android Rust) să " "scrieți un comentariu pentru fiecare bloc `unsafe`, explicând modul în care " "codul din interiorul acestuia îndeplinește cerințele de siguranță ale " "operațiilor nesigure pe care le efectuează." #: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "In the case of pointer dereferences, this means that the pointers must be " "[_valid_](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ptr/index.html#safety), i.e.:" msgstr "" "În cazul dereferențierii pointerilor, aceasta înseamnă că pointerii trebuie " "să fie [_valabili_](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ptr/index.html#safety), " "adică:" #: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md #, fuzzy msgid "The pointer must be non-null." msgstr "Pointerul trebuie să nu fie nul." #: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The pointer must be _dereferenceable_ (within the bounds of a single " "allocated object)." msgstr "" "Pointerul trebuie să fie _dereferențiabil_ (în limitele unui singur obiect " "alocat)." #: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md #, fuzzy msgid "The object must not have been deallocated." msgstr "Obiectul nu trebuie să fi fost dezalocat." #: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md #, fuzzy msgid "There must not be concurrent accesses to the same location." msgstr "Nu trebuie să existe accese simultane la aceeași locație." #: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "If the pointer was obtained by casting a reference, the underlying object " "must be live and no reference may be used to access the memory." msgstr "" "În cazul în care pointerul a fost obținut prin turnarea unei referințe, " "obiectul subiacent trebuie să fie viu și nu se poate utiliza nicio referință " "pentru a accesa memoria." #: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md #, fuzzy msgid "In most cases the pointer must also be properly aligned." msgstr "" "În cele mai multe cazuri, indicatorul trebuie, de asemenea, să fie bine " "aliniat." #: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md msgid "" "The \"NOT SAFE\" section gives an example of a common kind of UB bug: `*r1` " "has the `'static` lifetime, so `r3` has type `&'static String`, and thus " "outlives `s`. Creating a reference from a pointer requires _great care_." msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md #, fuzzy msgid "It is safe to read an immutable static variable:" msgstr "Este sigur să citiți o variabilă statică imuabilă:" #: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"Hello, world!\"" msgstr "Bună lume!" #: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md msgid "\"HELLO_WORLD: {HELLO_WORLD}\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "However, since data races can occur, it is unsafe to read and write mutable " "static variables:" msgstr "" "Cu toate acestea, deoarece pot apărea curse de date, nu este sigur să se " "citească și să se scrie variabilele statice mutabile:" #: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md msgid "\"COUNTER: {COUNTER}\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The program here is safe because it is single-threaded. However, the Rust " "compiler is conservative and will assume the worst. Try removing the " "`unsafe` and see how the compiler explains that it is undefined behavior to " "mutate a static from multiple threads." msgstr "" "Programul de aici este sigur, deoarece are un singur fir de execuție. Cu " "toate acestea, compilatorul Rust este conservator și va presupune ce este " "mai rău. Încercați să eliminați `unsafe` și să vedeți cum compilatorul " "explică faptul că este un comportament nedefinit să mutați o statică din mai " "multe fire de execuție." #: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Using a mutable static is generally a bad idea, but there are some cases " "where it might make sense in low-level `no_std` code, such as implementing a " "heap allocator or working with some C APIs." msgstr "" "Utilizarea unui static mutabil este, în general, o idee proastă, dar există " "unele cazuri în care ar putea avea sens în codul `no_std` de nivel scăzut, " "cum ar fi implementarea unui alocator de heap sau lucrul cu unele API-uri C." #: src/unsafe-rust/unions.md #, fuzzy msgid "Unions are like enums, but you need to track the active field yourself:" msgstr "" "Uniunile sunt ca și enumerațiile, dar trebuie să urmăriți singur câmpul " "activ:" #: src/unsafe-rust/unions.md msgid "\"int: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/unions.md msgid "\"bool: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/unions.md #, fuzzy msgid "// Undefined behavior!\n" msgstr "comportament nedefinit:" #: src/unsafe-rust/unions.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Unions are very rarely needed in Rust as you can usually use an enum. They " "are occasionally needed for interacting with C library APIs." msgstr "" "Uniunile sunt foarte rar necesare în Rust, deoarece puteți utiliza de obicei " "un enum. Ele sunt ocazional necesare pentru a interacționa cu API-urile " "bibliotecilor C." #: src/unsafe-rust/unions.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "If you just want to reinterpret bytes as a different type, you probably want " "[`std::mem::transmute`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/mem/fn." "transmute.html) or a safe wrapper such as the [`zerocopy`](https://crates.io/" "crates/zerocopy) crate." msgstr "" "Dacă doriți doar să reinterpretați octeții ca fiind de un tip diferit, " "probabil că doriți [`std::mem::transmute`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/" "std/mem/fn.transmute.html) sau un înveliș sigur, cum ar fi [`zerocopy`]" "(https://crates.io/crates/zerocopy)." #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md msgid "Calling Unsafe Functions" msgstr "Apelarea funcțiilor nesigure" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "A function or method can be marked `unsafe` if it has extra preconditions " "you must uphold to avoid undefined behaviour:" msgstr "" "O funcție sau o metodă poate fi marcată `unsafe` dacă are condiții " "prealabile suplimentare pe care trebuie să le respectați pentru a evita un " "comportament nedefinit:" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md #: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md src/android/interoperability/with-c.md #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md #: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"C\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md msgid "\"🗻∈🌏\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md msgid "" "// Safe because the indices are in the correct order, within the bounds of\n" " // the string slice, and lie on UTF-8 sequence boundaries.\n" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md msgid "\"emoji: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md msgid "\"char count: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md #, fuzzy msgid "// Undefined behavior if abs misbehaves.\n" msgstr "Nici un comportament nedefinit în timpul execuției:" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md msgid "\"Absolute value of -3 according to C: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md msgid "" "// Not upholding the UTF-8 encoding requirement breaks memory safety!\n" " // println!(\"emoji: {}\", unsafe { emojis.get_unchecked(0..3) });\n" " // println!(\"char count: {}\", count_chars(unsafe {\n" " // emojis.get_unchecked(0..3) }));\n" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md msgid "Writing Unsafe Functions" msgstr "Scrierea funcțiilor nesigure" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You can mark your own functions as `unsafe` if they require particular " "conditions to avoid undefined behaviour." msgstr "" "Puteți marca propriile funcții ca fiind \"nesigure\" dacă acestea necesită " "anumite condiții pentru a evita un comportament nedefinit." #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md msgid "" "/// Swaps the values pointed to by the given pointers.\n" "///\n" "/// # Safety\n" "///\n" "/// The pointers must be valid and properly aligned.\n" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md msgid "// Safe because ...\n" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md msgid "\"a = {}, b = {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`get_unchecked`, like most `_unchecked` functions, is unsafe, because it can " "create UB if the range is incorrect. `abs` is incorrect for a different " "reason: it is an external function (FFI). Calling external functions is " "usually only a problem when those functions do things with pointers which " "might violate Rust's memory model, but in general any C function might have " "undefined behaviour under any arbitrary circumstances." msgstr "" "Aceasta este de obicei o problemă doar pentru funcțiile externe care fac " "lucruri cu pointeri care ar putea încălca modelul de memorie Rust, dar în " "general orice funcție C poate avea un comportament nedefinit în orice " "circumstanțe arbitrare." #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The `\"C\"` in this example is the ABI; [other ABIs are available too]" "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/items/external-blocks.html)." msgstr "" "În acest exemplu, `\"C\"` este ABI; [sunt disponibile și alte ABI-uri]" "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/items/external-blocks.html)." #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "We wouldn't actually use pointers for a `swap` function - it can be done " "safely with references." msgstr "" "De fapt, nu vom folosi pointeri pentru acest lucru, deoarece acest lucru " "poate fi realizat în siguranță cu referințe." #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Note that unsafe code is allowed within an unsafe function without an " "`unsafe` block. We can prohibit this with `#[deny(unsafe_op_in_unsafe_fn)]`. " "Try adding it and see what happens. This will likely change in a future Rust " "edition." msgstr "" "Rețineți că codul nesigur este permis în cadrul unei funcții nesigure fără " "un bloc `unsafe`. Putem interzice acest lucru cu " "`#[deny(unsafe_op_in_unsafe_fn)]`. Încercați să-l adăugați și vedeți ce se " "întâmplă." #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md msgid "Implementing Unsafe Traits" msgstr "Implementarea trăsăturilor nesigure" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Like with functions, you can mark a trait as `unsafe` if the implementation " "must guarantee particular conditions to avoid undefined behaviour." msgstr "" "Ca și în cazul funcțiilor, puteți marca o trăsătură ca fiind \"nesigură\" " "dacă implementarea trebuie să garanteze anumite condiții pentru a evita un " "comportament nedefinit." #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "For example, the `zerocopy` crate has an unsafe trait that looks [something " "like this](https://docs.rs/zerocopy/latest/zerocopy/trait.AsBytes.html):" msgstr "" "De exemplu, categoria `zerocopy` are o trăsătură nesigură care arată [ceva " "de genul acesta](https://docs.rs/zerocopy/latest/zerocopy/trait.AsBytes." "html):" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md msgid "" "/// ...\n" "/// # Safety\n" "/// The type must have a defined representation and no padding.\n" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md msgid "// Safe because u32 has a defined representation and no padding.\n" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "There should be a `# Safety` section on the Rustdoc for the trait explaining " "the requirements for the trait to be safely implemented." msgstr "" "Ar trebui să existe o secțiune `# Siguranță` în Rustdoc pentru trăsătura " "care să explice cerințele pentru ca trăsătura să fie implementată în " "siguranță." #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The actual safety section for `AsBytes` is rather longer and more " "complicated." msgstr "" "Secțiunea de siguranță efectivă pentru `AsBytes` este mai lungă și mai " "complicată." #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md #, fuzzy msgid "The built-in `Send` and `Sync` traits are unsafe." msgstr "Trăsăturile încorporate `Send` și `Sync` sunt nesigure." #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md msgid "Safe FFI Wrapper" msgstr "Înfășurătorul FFI sigur" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust has great support for calling functions through a _foreign function " "interface_ (FFI). We will use this to build a safe wrapper for the `libc` " "functions you would use from C to read the names of files in a directory." msgstr "" "Rust are un suport excelent pentru apelarea funcțiilor prin intermediul unei " "interfețe de funcții străine (FFI). Vom folosi acest lucru pentru a construi " "un înveliș sigur pentru funcțiile `libc` pe care le-ați folosi din C pentru " "a citi numele fișierelor dintr-un director." #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "You will want to consult the manual pages:" msgstr "Va trebui să consultați paginile din manual:" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "[`opendir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/opendir.3.html)" msgstr "[`opendir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/opendir.3.html)" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "[`readdir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/readdir.3.html)" msgstr "[`readdir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/readdir.3.html)" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "[`closedir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/closedir.3.html)" msgstr "[`closedir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/closedir.3.html)" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You will also want to browse the [`std::ffi`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/" "ffi/) module. There you find a number of string types which you need for the " "exercise:" msgstr "" "De asemenea, veți dori să navigați în modulul [`std::ffi`](https://doc.rust-" "lang.org/std/ffi/). Acolo veți găsi o serie de tipuri de șiruri de caractere " "de care aveți nevoie pentru exercițiu:" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "Encoding" msgstr "Codificare" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md msgid "Use" msgstr "Folosește" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`str`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/primitive.str.html) and [`String`]" "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/struct.String.html)" msgstr "" "[`str`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/primitive.str.html) și [`String`]" "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/struct.String.html)" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "UTF-8" msgstr "UTF-8" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "Text processing in Rust" msgstr "Prelucrarea textului în Rust" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`CStr`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.CStr.html) and [`CString`]" "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.CString.html)" msgstr "" "[`CStr`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.CStr.html) și [`CString`]" "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.CString.html)" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "NUL-terminated" msgstr "Terminat cu NUL" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "Communicating with C functions" msgstr "Comunicarea cu funcțiile C" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`OsStr`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.OsStr.html) and " "[`OsString`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.OsString.html)" msgstr "" "[`OsStr`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.OsStr.html) și " "[`OsString`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.OsString.html)" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "OS-specific" msgstr "Specific sistemului de operare" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "Communicating with the OS" msgstr "Comunicarea cu sistemul de operare" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "You will convert between all these types:" msgstr "Veți face conversia între toate aceste tipuri:" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`&str` to `CString`: you need to allocate space for a trailing `\\0` " "character," msgstr "" "`&str` în `CString`: trebuie să alocați spațiu pentru un caracter `\\0` la " "sfârșit," #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "`CString` to `*const i8`: you need a pointer to call C functions," msgstr "" "`CString` la `*const i8`: aveți nevoie de un pointer pentru a apela " "funcțiile C," #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`*const i8` to `&CStr`: you need something which can find the trailing `\\0` " "character," msgstr "" "`*const i8` la `&CStr`: aveți nevoie de ceva care să poată găsi caracterul " "`\\0` din urmă," #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`&CStr` to `&[u8]`: a slice of bytes is the universal interface for \"some " "unknown data\"," msgstr "" "`&CStr` la `&[u8]`: o porțiune de octeți este interfața universală pentru " "\"unele date necunoscute\"," #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`&[u8]` to `&OsStr`: `&OsStr` is a step towards `OsString`, use [`OsStrExt`]" "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/os/unix/ffi/trait.OsStrExt.html) to create it," msgstr "" "`&&[u8]` la `&OsStr`: `&OsStr` este un pas spre `OsString`, utilizați " "[`OsStrExt`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/os/unix/ffi/trait.OsStrExt.html) " "pentru a-l crea," #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`&OsStr` to `OsString`: you need to clone the data in `&OsStr` to be able to " "return it and call `readdir` again." msgstr "" "`&OsStr` în `OsString`: trebuie să clonați datele din `&OsStr` pentru a le " "putea returna și a apela din nou `readdir`." #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The [Nomicon](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/ffi.html) also has a very " "useful chapter about FFI." msgstr "" "[Nomicon](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/ffi.html) are, de asemenea, un " "capitol foarte util despre FFI." #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Copy the code below to and fill in the missing " "functions and methods:" msgstr "" "Copiați codul de mai jos în și completați " "funcțiile și metodele care lipsesc:" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "\"macos\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "// Opaque type. See https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/ffi.html.\n" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "" "// Layout according to the Linux man page for readdir(3), where ino_t and\n" " // off_t are resolved according to the definitions in\n" " // /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/{sys/types.h, bits/typesizes.h}.\n" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "// Layout according to the macOS man page for dir(5).\n" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "\"x86_64\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "" "// See https://github.com/rust-lang/libc/issues/414 and the section on\n" " // _DARWIN_FEATURE_64_BIT_INODE in the macOS man page for stat(2).\n" " //\n" " // \"Platforms that existed before these updates were available\" " "refers\n" " // to macOS (as opposed to iOS / wearOS / etc.) on Intel and " "PowerPC.\n" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "\"readdir$INODE64\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "" "// Call opendir and return a Ok value if that worked,\n" " // otherwise return Err with a message.\n" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md msgid "// Keep calling readdir until we get a NULL pointer back.\n" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "// Call closedir as needed.\n" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md msgid "\".\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "\"files: {:#?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "\"Invalid path: {err}\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "// SAFETY: path.as_ptr() cannot be NULL.\n" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "\"Could not open {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "" "// Keep calling readdir until we get a NULL pointer back.\n" " // SAFETY: self.dir is never NULL.\n" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "// We have reached the end of the directory.\n" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "" "// SAFETY: dirent is not NULL and dirent.d_name is NUL\n" " // terminated.\n" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "// SAFETY: self.dir is not NULL.\n" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "\"Could not close {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "\"no-such-directory\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "\"Non UTF-8 character in path\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "\"..\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "\"foo.txt\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "\"The Foo Diaries\\n\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "\"bar.png\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "\"\\n\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "\"crab.rs\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "\"//! Crab\\n\"" msgstr "" #: src/android.md #, fuzzy msgid "Welcome to Rust in Android" msgstr "Bine ați venit la Rust în Android" #: src/android.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust is supported for system software on Android. This means that you can " "write new services, libraries, drivers or even firmware in Rust (or improve " "existing code as needed)." msgstr "" "Rust este acceptat pentru dezvoltarea platformei native pe Android. Acest " "lucru înseamnă că puteți scrie noi servicii de sistem de operare în Rust, " "precum și extinde serviciile existente." #: src/android.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "We will attempt to call Rust from one of your own projects today. So try to " "find a little corner of your code base where we can move some lines of code " "to Rust. The fewer dependencies and \"exotic\" types the better. Something " "that parses some raw bytes would be ideal." msgstr "" "Vom încerca să îl sunăm pe Rust de la unul dintre proiectele dumneavoastră " "astăzi. Așadar, încercați să găsiți un colțișor din baza dumneavoastră de " "cod în care să putem muta câteva linii de cod în Rust. Cu cât mai puține " "dependențe și tipuri \"exotice\", cu atât mai bine. Ceva care analizează " "niște octeți brute ar fi ideal." #: src/android.md msgid "" "The speaker may mention any of the following given the increased use of Rust " "in Android:" msgstr "" #: src/android.md msgid "" "Service example: [DNS over HTTP](https://security.googleblog.com/2022/07/dns-" "over-http3-in-android.html)" msgstr "" #: src/android.md msgid "" "Libraries: [Rutabaga Virtual Graphics Interface](https://crosvm.dev/book/" "appendix/rutabaga_gfx.html)" msgstr "" #: src/android.md msgid "" "Kernel Drivers: [Binder](https://lore.kernel.org/rust-for-linux/20231101-" "rust-binder-v1-0-08ba9197f637@google.com/)" msgstr "" #: src/android.md msgid "" "Firmware: [pKVM firmware](https://security.googleblog.com/2023/10/bare-metal-" "rust-in-android.html)" msgstr "" #: src/android/setup.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "We will be using a Cuttlefish Android Virtual Device to test our code. Make " "sure you have access to one or create a new one with:" msgstr "" "Vom folosi un dispozitiv virtual Android pentru a testa codul nostru. " "Asigurați-vă că aveți acces la unul sau creați unul nou cu:" #: src/android/setup.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Please see the [Android Developer Codelab](https://source.android.com/docs/" "setup/start) for details." msgstr "" "Vă rugăm să consultați [Android Developer Codelab](https://source.android." "com/docs/setup/start) pentru detalii." #: src/android/setup.md msgid "" "Cuttlefish is a reference Android device designed to work on generic Linux " "desktops. MacOS support is also planned." msgstr "" #: src/android/setup.md msgid "" "The Cuttlefish system image maintains high fidelity to real devices, and is " "the ideal emulator to run many Rust use cases." msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "The Android build system (Soong) supports Rust via a number of modules:" msgstr "" "Sistemul de compilare Android (Soong) acceptă Rust prin intermediul unui " "număr de module:" #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "Module Type" msgstr "Tipul de modul" #: src/android/build-rules.md msgid "Description" msgstr "Descriere" #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "`rust_binary`" msgstr "`rust_binary`" #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "Produces a Rust binary." msgstr "Produce un binar Rust." #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "`rust_library`" msgstr "`rust_library`" #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "Produces a Rust library, and provides both `rlib` and `dylib` variants." msgstr "" "Produce o bibliotecă Rust și oferă atât variantele `rlib`, cât și `dylib`." #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "`rust_ffi`" msgstr "`rust_ffi`" #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Produces a Rust C library usable by `cc` modules, and provides both static " "and shared variants." msgstr "" "Produce o bibliotecă Rust C utilizabilă de modulele `cc` și oferă atât " "variante statice cât și partajate." #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "`rust_proc_macro`" msgstr "`rust_proc_macro`" #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Produces a `proc-macro` Rust library. These are analogous to compiler " "plugins." msgstr "" "Produce o bibliotecă Rust `proc-macro`. Acestea sunt analoge cu plugin-urile " "de compilator." #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "`rust_test`" msgstr "`rust_test`" #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "Produces a Rust test binary that uses the standard Rust test harness." msgstr "" "Produce un binar de testare Rust care utilizează harnașamentul standard de " "testare Rust." #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "`rust_fuzz`" msgstr "`rust_fuzz`" #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "Produces a Rust fuzz binary leveraging `libfuzzer`." msgstr "Produce un binar Rust fuzz folosind `libfuzzer`." #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "`rust_protobuf`" msgstr "`rust_protobuf`" #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Generates source and produces a Rust library that provides an interface for " "a particular protobuf." msgstr "" "Generează sursa și produce o bibliotecă Rust care oferă o interfață pentru " "un anumit protobuf." #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "`rust_bindgen`" msgstr "`rust_bindgen`" #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Generates source and produces a Rust library containing Rust bindings to C " "libraries." msgstr "" "Generează sursa și produce o bibliotecă Rust care conține legături Rust " "pentru bibliotecile C." #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "We will look at `rust_binary` and `rust_library` next." msgstr "În continuare vom analiza `rust_binary` și `rust_library`." #: src/android/build-rules.md msgid "Additional items speaker may mention:" msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules.md msgid "" "Cargo is not optimized for multi-language repos, and also downloads packages " "from the internet." msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules.md msgid "" "For compliance and performance, Android must have crates in-tree. It must " "also interop with C/C++/Java code. Soong fills that gap." msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules.md msgid "" "Soong has many similarities to Bazel, which is the open-source variant of " "Blaze (used in google3)." msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules.md msgid "" "There is a plan to transition [Android](https://source.android.com/docs/" "setup/build/bazel/introduction), [ChromeOS](https://chromium.googlesource." "com/chromiumos/bazel/), and [Fuchsia](https://source.android.com/docs/setup/" "build/bazel/introduction) to Bazel." msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules.md msgid "Learning Bazel-like build rules is useful for all Rust OS developers." msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules.md msgid "Fun fact: Data from Star Trek is a Soong-type Android." msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules/binary.md #, fuzzy msgid "Rust Binaries" msgstr "Binare Rust" #: src/android/build-rules/binary.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Let us start with a simple application. At the root of an AOSP checkout, " "create the following files:" msgstr "" "Să începem cu o aplicație simplă. La rădăcina unei verificări AOSP, creați " "următoarele fișiere:" #: src/android/build-rules/binary.md src/android/build-rules/library.md #, fuzzy msgid "_hello_rust/Android.bp_:" msgstr "hello_rust/Android.bp_:" #: src/android/build-rules/binary.md msgid "\"hello_rust\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules/binary.md src/android/build-rules/library.md #: src/android/logging.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"src/main.rs\"" msgstr "src/main.rs_:" #: src/android/build-rules/binary.md src/android/build-rules/library.md #, fuzzy msgid "_hello_rust/src/main.rs_:" msgstr "hello_rust/src/main.rs_:" #: src/android/build-rules/binary.md src/android/build-rules/library.md msgid "//! Rust demo.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules/binary.md src/android/build-rules/library.md msgid "/// Prints a greeting to standard output.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules/binary.md src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "\"Hello from Rust!\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules/binary.md #, fuzzy msgid "You can now build, push, and run the binary:" msgstr "Acum puteți să construiți, să distribuiți și să rulați fișierul binar:" #: src/android/build-rules/binary.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "```shell\n" "m hello_rust\n" "adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/hello_rust\" /data/local/tmp\n" "adb shell /data/local/tmp/hello_rust\n" "```" msgstr "" "```shell\n" "m hello_rust\n" "adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/hello_rust /data/local/tmp\"\n" "adb shell /data/local/tmp/hello_rust\n" "```" #: src/android/build-rules/library.md #, fuzzy msgid "Rust Libraries" msgstr "Biblioteci Rust" #: src/android/build-rules/library.md #, fuzzy msgid "You use `rust_library` to create a new Rust library for Android." msgstr "" "Utilizați `rust_library` pentru a crea o nouă bibliotecă Rust pentru Android." #: src/android/build-rules/library.md #, fuzzy msgid "Here we declare a dependency on two libraries:" msgstr "Aici declarăm o dependență față de două biblioteci:" #: src/android/build-rules/library.md #, fuzzy msgid "`libgreeting`, which we define below," msgstr "`libgreeting`, pe care îl definim mai jos," #: src/android/build-rules/library.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`libtextwrap`, which is a crate already vendored in [`external/rust/crates/`]" "(https://cs.android.com/android/platform/superproject/+/master:external/rust/" "crates/)." msgstr "" "`libtextwrap`, care este un crate deja vândut în [`external/rust/crates/`]" "(https://cs.android.com/android/platform/superproject/+/master:external/rust/" "crates/)." #: src/android/build-rules/library.md msgid "\"hello_rust_with_dep\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules/library.md msgid "\"libgreetings\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules/library.md msgid "\"libtextwrap\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules/library.md msgid "// Need this to avoid dynamic link error.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules/library.md msgid "\"greetings\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules/library.md src/android/aidl/implementation.md #: src/android/interoperability/java.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"src/lib.rs\"" msgstr "src/main.rs_:" #: src/android/build-rules/library.md #, fuzzy msgid "_hello_rust/src/lib.rs_:" msgstr "hello_rust/src/lib.rs_:" #: src/android/build-rules/library.md msgid "//! Greeting library.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules/library.md msgid "/// Greet `name`.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules/library.md msgid "\"Hello {name}, it is very nice to meet you!\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules/library.md #, fuzzy msgid "You build, push, and run the binary like before:" msgstr "Construiți, distribuiți și rulați programul binar la fel ca înainte:" #: src/android/build-rules/library.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "```shell\n" "m hello_rust_with_dep\n" "adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/hello_rust_with_dep\" /data/local/" "tmp\n" "adb shell /data/local/tmp/hello_rust_with_dep\n" "```" msgstr "" "```shell\n" "m hello_rust_with_dep\n" "adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/hello_rust_with_dep /data/local/" "tmp\"\n" "adb shell /data/local/tmp/hello_rust_with_dep\n" "```" #: src/android/aidl.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The [Android Interface Definition Language (AIDL)](https://developer.android." "com/guide/components/aidl) is supported in Rust:" msgstr "" "Limbajul [Android Interface Definition Language (AIDL)](https://developer." "android.com/guide/components/aidl) este acceptat în Rust:" #: src/android/aidl.md #, fuzzy msgid "Rust code can call existing AIDL servers," msgstr "Codul Rust poate apela serverele AIDL existente," #: src/android/aidl.md #, fuzzy msgid "You can create new AIDL servers in Rust." msgstr "Puteți crea noi servere AIDL în Rust." #: src/android/aidl/interface.md #, fuzzy msgid "AIDL Interfaces" msgstr "Interfețe AIDL" #: src/android/aidl/interface.md #, fuzzy msgid "You declare the API of your service using an AIDL interface:" msgstr "Declarați API-ul serviciului dumneavoastră utilizând o interfață AIDL:" #: src/android/aidl/interface.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "_birthday_service/aidl/com/example/birthdayservice/IBirthdayService.aidl_:" msgstr "" "_birthday_service/aidl/com/exemple/birthdayservice/IBirthdayService.aidl_:" #: src/android/aidl/interface.md src/android/aidl/changing.md msgid "/** Birthday service interface. */" msgstr "" #: src/android/aidl/interface.md src/android/aidl/changing.md msgid "/** Generate a Happy Birthday message. */" msgstr "" #: src/android/aidl/interface.md #, fuzzy msgid "_birthday_service/aidl/Android.bp_:" msgstr "_birthday_service/aidl/Android.bp_:" #: src/android/aidl/interface.md msgid "\"com.example.birthdayservice\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/aidl/interface.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"com/example/birthdayservice/*.aidl\"" msgstr "" "_birthday_service/aidl/com/exemple/birthdayservice/IBirthdayService.aidl_:" #: src/android/aidl/interface.md msgid "// Rust is not enabled by default\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/aidl/interface.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Add `vendor_available: true` if your AIDL file is used by a binary in the " "vendor partition." msgstr "" "Adăugați `vendor_available: true` dacă fișierul dvs. AIDL este utilizat de " "un fișier binar din partiția furnizorului." #: src/android/aidl/implementation.md #, fuzzy msgid "Service Implementation" msgstr "Implementarea serviciilor" #: src/android/aidl/implementation.md #, fuzzy msgid "We can now implement the AIDL service:" msgstr "Acum putem implementa serviciul AIDL:" #: src/android/aidl/implementation.md #, fuzzy msgid "_birthday_service/src/lib.rs_:" msgstr "_birthday_service/src/lib.rs_:" #: src/android/aidl/implementation.md msgid "//! Implementation of the `IBirthdayService` AIDL interface.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/aidl/implementation.md #, fuzzy msgid "/// The `IBirthdayService` implementation.\n" msgstr "Implementarea serviciilor" #: src/android/aidl/implementation.md msgid "\"Happy Birthday {name}, congratulations with the {years} years!\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/aidl/implementation.md src/android/aidl/server.md #: src/android/aidl/client.md #, fuzzy msgid "_birthday_service/Android.bp_:" msgstr "_birthday_service/Android.bp_:" #: src/android/aidl/implementation.md src/android/aidl/server.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"libbirthdayservice\"" msgstr "_birthday_service/src/lib.rs_:" #: src/android/aidl/implementation.md src/android/aidl/server.md #: src/android/aidl/client.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"birthdayservice\"" msgstr "_birthday_service/src/lib.rs_:" #: src/android/aidl/implementation.md src/android/aidl/server.md #: src/android/aidl/client.md msgid "\"com.example.birthdayservice-rust\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/aidl/implementation.md src/android/aidl/server.md #: src/android/aidl/client.md msgid "\"libbinder_rs\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/aidl/server.md #, fuzzy msgid "AIDL Server" msgstr "Server AIDL" #: src/android/aidl/server.md #, fuzzy msgid "Finally, we can create a server which exposes the service:" msgstr "În cele din urmă, putem crea un server care să expună serviciul:" #: src/android/aidl/server.md #, fuzzy msgid "_birthday_service/src/server.rs_:" msgstr "_birthday_service/src/server.rs_:" #: src/android/aidl/server.md src/android/aidl/client.md msgid "//! Birthday service.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/aidl/server.md msgid "/// Entry point for birthday service.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/aidl/server.md msgid "\"Failed to register service\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/aidl/server.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"birthday_server\"" msgstr "_birthday_service/src/lib.rs_:" #: src/android/aidl/server.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"src/server.rs\"" msgstr "src/bin/server.rs_:" #: src/android/aidl/server.md src/android/aidl/client.md msgid "// To avoid dynamic link error.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/aidl/deploy.md #, fuzzy msgid "We can now build, push, and start the service:" msgstr "Acum putem construi, împinge și porni serviciul:" #: src/android/aidl/deploy.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "```shell\n" "m birthday_server\n" "adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/birthday_server\" /data/local/" "tmp\n" "adb root\n" "adb shell /data/local/tmp/birthday_server\n" "```" msgstr "" "```shell\n" "m birthday_server\n" "adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/birthday_server /data/local/" "tmp\"\n" "adb shell /data/local/tmp/birthday_server\n" "```" #: src/android/aidl/deploy.md #, fuzzy msgid "In another terminal, check that the service runs:" msgstr "Într-un alt terminal, verificați dacă serviciul rulează:" #: src/android/aidl/deploy.md #, fuzzy msgid "You can also call the service with `service call`:" msgstr "De asemenea, puteți apela serviciul cu `service call`:" #: src/android/aidl/client.md #, fuzzy msgid "AIDL Client" msgstr "Client AIDL" #: src/android/aidl/client.md #, fuzzy msgid "Finally, we can create a Rust client for our new service." msgstr "" "În cele din urmă, putem crea un client Rust pentru noul nostru serviciu." #: src/android/aidl/client.md #, fuzzy msgid "_birthday_service/src/client.rs_:" msgstr "_birthday_service/src/client.rs_:" #: src/android/aidl/client.md msgid "/// Connect to the BirthdayService.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/aidl/client.md msgid "/// Call the birthday service.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/aidl/client.md msgid "\"Failed to connect to BirthdayService\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/aidl/client.md msgid "\"{msg}\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/aidl/client.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"birthday_client\"" msgstr "_birthday_service/src/client.rs_:" #: src/android/aidl/client.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"src/client.rs\"" msgstr "src/bin/client.rs_:" #: src/android/aidl/client.md #, fuzzy msgid "Notice that the client does not depend on `libbirthdayservice`." msgstr "Observați că clientul nu depinde de `libbirthdayservice`." #: src/android/aidl/client.md #, fuzzy msgid "Build, push, and run the client on your device:" msgstr "Creați, distribuiți și rulați clientul pe dispozitivul dvs:" #: src/android/aidl/client.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "```shell\n" "m birthday_client\n" "adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/birthday_client\" /data/local/" "tmp\n" "adb shell /data/local/tmp/birthday_client Charlie 60\n" "```" msgstr "" "```shell\n" "m birthday_client\n" "adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/birthday_client /data/local/" "tmp\"\n" "adb shell /data/local/tmp/birthday_client Charlie 60\n" "```" #: src/android/aidl/changing.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Let us extend the API with more functionality: we want to let clients " "specify a list of lines for the birthday card:" msgstr "" "Să extindem API-ul cu mai multe funcționalități: dorim să permitem " "clienților să specifice o listă de linii pentru felicitarea de ziua de " "naștere:" #: src/android/logging.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You should use the `log` crate to automatically log to `logcat` (on-device) " "or `stdout` (on-host):" msgstr "" "Ar trebui să folosiți caseta `log` pentru a înregistra automat în `logcat` " "(pe dispozitiv) sau `stdout` (pe gazdă):" #: src/android/logging.md #, fuzzy msgid "_hello_rust_logs/Android.bp_:" msgstr "salut_rust_logs/Android.bp_:" #: src/android/logging.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"hello_rust_logs\"" msgstr "salut_rust_logs/Android.bp_:" #: src/android/logging.md msgid "\"liblog_rust\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/logging.md msgid "\"liblogger\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/logging.md #, fuzzy msgid "_hello_rust_logs/src/main.rs_:" msgstr "hello_rust_logs/src/main.rs_:" #: src/android/logging.md msgid "//! Rust logging demo.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/logging.md msgid "/// Logs a greeting.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/logging.md msgid "\"rust\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/logging.md msgid "\"Starting program.\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/logging.md msgid "\"Things are going fine.\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/logging.md msgid "\"Something went wrong!\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/logging.md src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md #, fuzzy msgid "Build, push, and run the binary on your device:" msgstr "" "Creați, distribuiți și rulați programul binar pe dispozitivul dumneavoastră:" #: src/android/logging.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "```shell\n" "m hello_rust_logs\n" "adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/hello_rust_logs\" /data/local/" "tmp\n" "adb shell /data/local/tmp/hello_rust_logs\n" "```" msgstr "" "```shell\n" "m hello_rust_logs\n" "adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/hello_rust_logs /data/local/" "tmp\"\n" "adb shell /data/local/tmp/hello_rust_logs\n" "```" #: src/android/logging.md #, fuzzy msgid "The logs show up in `adb logcat`:" msgstr "Jurnalele apar în `adb logcat`:" #: src/android/interoperability.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust has excellent support for interoperability with other languages. This " "means that you can:" msgstr "" "Rust are un suport excelent pentru interoperabilitatea cu alte limbaje. " "Acest lucru înseamnă că puteți:" #: src/android/interoperability.md #, fuzzy msgid "Call Rust functions from other languages." msgstr "Apelarea funcțiilor Rust din alte limbaje." #: src/android/interoperability.md #, fuzzy msgid "Call functions written in other languages from Rust." msgstr "Apelarea funcțiilor scrise în alte limbaje din Rust." #: src/android/interoperability.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "When you call functions in a foreign language we say that you're using a " "_foreign function interface_, also known as FFI." msgstr "" "Atunci când apelați funcții într-o limbă străină, spunem că utilizați o " "_interfață de funcții străine_, cunoscută și sub numele de FFI." #: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md #, fuzzy msgid "Interoperability with C" msgstr "Interoperabilitate cu C" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust has full support for linking object files with a C calling convention. " "Similarly, you can export Rust functions and call them from C." msgstr "" "Rust are un suport complet pentru legarea fișierelor de obiecte cu o " "convenție de apelare C. În mod similar, puteți exporta funcții Rust și le " "puteți apela din C." #: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md #, fuzzy msgid "You can do it by hand if you want:" msgstr "Puteți să o faceți manual, dacă doriți:" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md msgid "\"{x}, {abs_x}\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "We already saw this in the [Safe FFI Wrapper exercise](../../exercises/day-3/" "safe-ffi-wrapper.md)." msgstr "" "Am văzut deja acest lucru în [Exercițiul [Safe FFI Wrapper] (../../exerciții/" "zi-3/safe-ffi-wrapper.md)." #: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "This assumes full knowledge of the target platform. Not recommended for " "production." msgstr "" "Acest lucru presupune cunoașterea completă a platformei țintă. Nu se " "recomandă pentru producție." #: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md #, fuzzy msgid "We will look at better options next." msgstr "În continuare, vom examina opțiuni mai bune." #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md #, fuzzy msgid "Using Bindgen" msgstr "Utilizarea Bindgen" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The [bindgen](https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-bindgen/introduction.html) " "tool can auto-generate bindings from a C header file." msgstr "" "Instrumentul [bindgen](https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-bindgen/introduction." "html) poate genera automat legăturile dintr-un fișier de antet C." #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md #, fuzzy msgid "First create a small C library:" msgstr "Mai întâi creați o mică bibliotecă C:" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md #, fuzzy msgid "_interoperability/bindgen/libbirthday.h_:" msgstr "interoperabilitate/bindgen/libbirthday.h_:" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md #, fuzzy msgid "_interoperability/bindgen/libbirthday.c_:" msgstr "interoperabilitate/bindgen/libbirthday.c_:" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md msgid "" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"libbirthday.h\"" msgstr "" "```c\n" "#include \"libbirthday.h\"\n" "```" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md msgid "\"+--------------\\n\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md msgid "\"| Happy Birthday %s!\\n\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md msgid "\"| Congratulations with the %i years!\\n\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md #, fuzzy msgid "Add this to your `Android.bp` file:" msgstr "Adăugați acest lucru la fișierul `Android.bp`:" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md #, fuzzy msgid "_interoperability/bindgen/Android.bp_:" msgstr "interoperabilitate/bindgen/Android.bp_:" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md msgid "\"libbirthday\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md msgid "\"libbirthday.c\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Create a wrapper header file for the library (not strictly needed in this " "example):" msgstr "" "Creați un fișier de antet de înfășurare pentru bibliotecă (nu este strict " "necesar în acest exemplu):" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md #, fuzzy msgid "_interoperability/bindgen/libbirthday_wrapper.h_:" msgstr "interoperabilitate/bindgen/libbirthday_wrapper.h_:" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md #, fuzzy msgid "You can now auto-generate the bindings:" msgstr "Acum puteți să generați automat legăturile:" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md msgid "\"libbirthday_bindgen\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"birthday_bindgen\"" msgstr "`rust_bindgen`" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md msgid "\"libbirthday_wrapper.h\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md msgid "\"bindings\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md #, fuzzy msgid "Finally, we can use the bindings in our Rust program:" msgstr "În cele din urmă, putem utiliza legăturile în programul nostru Rust:" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md msgid "\"print_birthday_card\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"main.rs\"" msgstr "_main.rs_:" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md #, fuzzy msgid "_interoperability/bindgen/main.rs_:" msgstr "interoperabilitate/bindgen/main.rs_:" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md msgid "//! Bindgen demo.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md msgid "// SAFETY: `print_card` is safe to call with a valid `card` pointer.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "```shell\n" "m print_birthday_card\n" "adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/print_birthday_card\" /data/local/" "tmp\n" "adb shell /data/local/tmp/print_birthday_card\n" "```" msgstr "" "```shell\n" "m print_birthday_card\n" "adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/print_birthday_card /data/local/" "tmp\"\n" "adb shell /data/local/tmp/print_birthday_card\n" "```" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md #, fuzzy msgid "Finally, we can run auto-generated tests to ensure the bindings work:" msgstr "" "În cele din urmă, putem rula teste generate automat pentru a ne asigura că " "legăturile funcționează:" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md msgid "\"libbirthday_bindgen_test\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md msgid "\":libbirthday_bindgen\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"general-tests\"" msgstr "Rust nesigur" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md msgid "\"none\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md msgid "// Generated file, skip linting\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md #, fuzzy msgid "Calling Rust" msgstr "Apelarea Rust" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md #, fuzzy msgid "Exporting Rust functions and types to C is easy:" msgstr "Exportul funcțiilor și tipurilor Rust în C este ușor:" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md #, fuzzy msgid "_interoperability/rust/libanalyze/analyze.rs_" msgstr "interoperabilitate/interoperabilitate/rust/libanalyze/analyze.rs_" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md msgid "//! Rust FFI demo.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md msgid "/// Analyze the numbers.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md msgid "\"x ({x}) is smallest!\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md msgid "\"y ({y}) is probably larger than x ({x})\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md #, fuzzy msgid "_interoperability/rust/libanalyze/analyze.h_" msgstr "interoperabilitate/interoperabilitate/rust/libanalyze/analyze.h_" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md #, fuzzy msgid "_interoperability/rust/libanalyze/Android.bp_" msgstr "interoperabilitate/interoperabilitate/rusine/libanaliza/Android.bp_" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md msgid "\"libanalyze_ffi\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md msgid "\"analyze_ffi\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md msgid "\"analyze.rs\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md #, fuzzy msgid "We can now call this from a C binary:" msgstr "Acum putem apela acest lucru dintr-un binar C:" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md #, fuzzy msgid "_interoperability/rust/analyze/main.c_" msgstr "interoperabilitate/rust/analiza/main.c_" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md msgid "\"analyze.h\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md #, fuzzy msgid "_interoperability/rust/analyze/Android.bp_" msgstr "interoperabilitate/încălzire/antreprenoriat/analiza/Android.bp_" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md msgid "\"analyze_numbers\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md msgid "\"main.c\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "```shell\n" "m analyze_numbers\n" "adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/analyze_numbers\" /data/local/" "tmp\n" "adb shell /data/local/tmp/analyze_numbers\n" "```" msgstr "" "```shell\n" "m analyze_numbers\n" "adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/analyze_numbers /data/local/" "tmp\"\n" "adb shell /data/local/tmp/analyze_numbers\n" "```" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`#[no_mangle]` disables Rust's usual name mangling, so the exported symbol " "will just be the name of the function. You can also use `#[export_name = " "\"some_name\"]` to specify whatever name you want." msgstr "" "`#[no_mangle]` dezactivează manipularea obișnuită a numelor din Rust, astfel " "încât simbolul exportat va fi doar numele funcției. De asemenea, puteți " "utiliza `#[export_name = \"some_name\"]` pentru a specifica orice nume " "doriți." #: src/android/interoperability/cpp.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The [CXX crate](https://cxx.rs/) makes it possible to do safe " "interoperability between Rust and C++." msgstr "" "[CXX crate](https://cxx.rs/) face posibilă realizarea unei " "interoperabilități sigure între Rust și C++." #: src/android/interoperability/cpp.md #, fuzzy msgid "The overall approach looks like this:" msgstr "Abordarea generală arată în felul următor:" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md msgid "" "CXX relies on a description of the function signatures that will be exposed " "from each language to the other. You provide this description using extern " "blocks in a Rust module annotated with the `#[cxx::bridge]` attribute macro." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md msgid "\"org::blobstore\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md msgid "// Shared structs with fields visible to both languages.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/generated-cpp.md msgid "// Rust types and signatures exposed to C++.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/generated-cpp.md #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"Rust\"" msgstr "Bine ați venit la Comprehensive Rust 🦀 (ghidul complet pentu Rust)" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md msgid "// C++ types and signatures exposed to Rust.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-exception.md #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md msgid "\"C++\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md msgid "\"include/blobstore.h\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md msgid "The bridge is generally declared in an `ffi` module within your crate." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md msgid "" "From the declarations made in the bridge module, CXX will generate matching " "Rust and C++ type/function definitions in order to expose those items to " "both languages." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md msgid "" "To view the generated Rust code, use [cargo-expand](https://github.com/" "dtolnay/cargo-expand) to view the expanded proc macro. For most of the " "examples you would use `cargo expand ::ffi` to expand just the `ffi` module " "(though this doesn't apply for Android projects)." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md msgid "To view the generated C++ code, look in `target/cxxbridge`." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md msgid "Rust Bridge Declarations" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md msgid "// Opaque type\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md msgid "// Method on `MyType`\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md #, fuzzy msgid "// Free function\n" msgstr "funcție:" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md msgid "" "Items declared in the `extern \"Rust\"` reference items that are in scope in " "the parent module." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md msgid "" "The CXX code generator uses your `extern \"Rust\"` section(s) to produce a C+" "+ header file containing the corresponding C++ declarations. The generated " "header has the same path as the Rust source file containing the bridge, " "except with a .rs.h file extension." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/generated-cpp.md msgid "Results in (roughly) the following C++:" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md msgid "C++ Bridge Declarations" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md msgid "Results in (roughly) the following Rust:" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md msgid "\"org$blobstore$cxxbridge1$new_blobstore_client\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md msgid "\"org$blobstore$cxxbridge1$BlobstoreClient$put\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md msgid "" "The programmer does not need to promise that the signatures they have typed " "in are accurate. CXX performs static assertions that the signatures exactly " "correspond with what is declared in C++." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md msgid "" "`unsafe extern` blocks allow you to declare C++ functions that are safe to " "call from Rust." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-types.md msgid "// A=1, J=11, Q=12, K=13\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-types.md msgid "Only C-like (unit) enums are supported." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-types.md msgid "" "A limited number of traits are supported for `#[derive()]` on shared types. " "Corresponding functionality is also generated for the C++ code, e.g. if you " "derive `Hash` also generates an implementation of `std::hash` for the " "corresponding C++ type." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-enums.md #, fuzzy msgid "Generated Rust:" msgstr "Rust nesigur" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-enums.md msgid "Generated C++:" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-enums.md msgid "" "On the Rust side, the code generated for shared enums is actually a struct " "wrapping a numeric value. This is because it is not UB in C++ for an enum " "class to hold a value different from all of the listed variants, and our " "Rust representation needs to have the same behavior." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md msgid "\"fallible1 requires depth > 0\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md msgid "\"Success!\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md msgid "" "Rust functions that return `Result` are translated to exceptions on the C++ " "side." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md msgid "" "The exception thrown will always be of type `rust::Error`, which primarily " "exposes a way to get the error message string. The error message will come " "from the error type's `Display` impl." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md msgid "" "A panic unwinding from Rust to C++ will always cause the process to " "immediately terminate." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-exception.md msgid "\"example/include/example.h\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-exception.md msgid "\"Error: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-exception.md msgid "" "C++ functions declared to return a `Result` will catch any thrown exception " "on the C++ side and return it as an `Err` value to the calling Rust function." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-exception.md msgid "" "If an exception is thrown from an extern \"C++\" function that is not " "declared by the CXX bridge to return `Result`, the program calls C++'s `std::" "terminate`. The behavior is equivalent to the same exception being thrown " "through a `noexcept` C++ function." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md #, fuzzy msgid "Rust Type" msgstr "Rugină prin exemplu" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md #, fuzzy msgid "C++ Type" msgstr "Exemplu C++" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md #, fuzzy msgid "`rust::String`" msgstr "`rust_bindgen`" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md msgid "`&str`" msgstr "`&str`" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md #, fuzzy msgid "`rust::Str`" msgstr "`rust_test`" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md #, fuzzy msgid "`CxxString`" msgstr "Sir" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md #, fuzzy msgid "`std::string`" msgstr "șir:" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md msgid "`&[T]`/`&mut [T]`" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md #, fuzzy msgid "`rust::Slice`" msgstr "`rust_ffi`" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md msgid "`rust::Box`" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md msgid "`UniquePtr`" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md msgid "`std::unique_ptr`" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Vec`" msgstr "`Vec`" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md #, fuzzy msgid "`rust::Vec`" msgstr "`mpsc::Receiver`" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md #, fuzzy msgid "`CxxVector`" msgstr "`Celula`" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md #, fuzzy msgid "`std::vector`" msgstr "`mpsc::Receiver`" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md msgid "" "These types can be used in the fields of shared structs and the arguments " "and returns of extern functions." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md msgid "" "Note that Rust's `String` does not map directly to `std::string`. There are " "a few reasons for this:" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md msgid "" "`std::string` does not uphold the UTF-8 invariant that `String` requires." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md msgid "" "The two types have different layouts in memory and so can't be passed " "directly between languages." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md msgid "" "`std::string` requires move constructors that don't match Rust's move " "semantics, so a `std::string` can't be passed by value to Rust." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-rust.md #, fuzzy msgid "Building in Android" msgstr "Rust în Android" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md msgid "" "Create a `cc_library_static` to build the C++ library, including the CXX " "generated header and source file." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-rust.md msgid "\"libcxx_test_cpp\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md msgid "\"cxx_test.cpp\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md msgid "\"cxx-bridge-header\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md msgid "\"libcxx_test_bridge_header\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md msgid "\"libcxx_test_bridge_code\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md msgid "" "Point out that `libcxx_test_bridge_header` and `libcxx_test_bridge_code` are " "the dependencies for the CXX-generated C++ bindings. We'll show how these " "are setup on the next slide." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md msgid "" "Note that you also need to depend on the `cxx-bridge-header` library in " "order to pull in common CXX definitions." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md msgid "" "Full docs for using CXX in Android can be found in [the Android docs]" "(https://source.android.com/docs/setup/build/rust/building-rust-modules/" "android-rust-patterns#rust-cpp-interop-using-cxx). You may want to share " "that link with the class so that students know where they can find these " "instructions again in the future." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md msgid "" "Create two genrules: One to generate the CXX header, and one to generate the " "CXX source file. These are then used as inputs to the `cc_library_static`." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md msgid "" "// Generate a C++ header containing the C++ bindings\n" "// to the Rust exported functions in lib.rs.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md msgid "\"cxxbridge\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md msgid "\"$(location cxxbridge) $(in) --header > $(out)\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-rust.md msgid "\"lib.rs\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md msgid "\"lib.rs.h\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md msgid "// Generate the C++ code that Rust calls into.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md msgid "\"$(location cxxbridge) $(in) > $(out)\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md msgid "\"lib.rs.cc\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md msgid "" "The `cxxbridge` tool is a standalone tool that generates the C++ side of the " "bridge module. It is included in Android and available as a Soong tool." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md msgid "" "By convention, if your Rust source file is `lib.rs` your header file will be " "named `lib.rs.h` and your source file will be named `lib.rs.cc`. This naming " "convention isn't enforced, though." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-rust.md msgid "" "Create a `rust_binary` that depends on `libcxx` and your `cc_library_static`." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-rust.md msgid "\"cxx_test\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-rust.md msgid "\"libcxx\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/java.md #, fuzzy msgid "Interoperability with Java" msgstr "Interoperabilitate cu Java" #: src/android/interoperability/java.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Java can load shared objects via [Java Native Interface (JNI)](https://en." "wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Native_Interface). The [`jni` crate](https://docs.rs/" "jni/) allows you to create a compatible library." msgstr "" "Java poate încărca obiecte partajate prin intermediul [Java Native Interface " "(JNI)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Native_Interface). Crăiasa [`jni` " "crate](https://docs.rs/jni/) vă permite să creați o bibliotecă compatibilă." #: src/android/interoperability/java.md #, fuzzy msgid "First, we create a Rust function to export to Java:" msgstr "Mai întâi, creăm o funcție Rust pentru a exporta în Java:" #: src/android/interoperability/java.md #, fuzzy msgid "_interoperability/java/src/lib.rs_:" msgstr "interoperabilitate/java/src/lib.rs_:" #: src/android/interoperability/java.md msgid "//! Rust <-> Java FFI demo.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/java.md msgid "/// HelloWorld::hello method implementation.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/java.md msgid "\"system\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/java.md msgid "\"Hello, {input}!\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/java.md #, fuzzy msgid "_interoperability/java/Android.bp_:" msgstr "interoperabilitate/java/Android.bp_:" #: src/android/interoperability/java.md msgid "\"libhello_jni\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/java.md msgid "\"hello_jni\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/java.md msgid "\"libjni\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/java.md #, fuzzy msgid "We then call this function from Java:" msgstr "În cele din urmă, putem apela această funcție din Java:" #: src/android/interoperability/java.md #, fuzzy msgid "_interoperability/java/HelloWorld.java_:" msgstr "interoperabilitate/java/HelloWorld.java_:" #: src/android/interoperability/java.md msgid "\"helloworld_jni\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/java.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"HelloWorld.java\"" msgstr "Bună lume!" #: src/android/interoperability/java.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"HelloWorld\"" msgstr "Bună lume!" #: src/android/interoperability/java.md #, fuzzy msgid "Finally, you can build, sync, and run the binary:" msgstr "" "În cele din urmă, puteți să construiți, să sincronizați și să executați " "programul binar:" #: src/exercises/android/morning.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "This is a group exercise: We will look at one of the projects you work with " "and try to integrate some Rust into it. Some suggestions:" msgstr "" "Acesta este un exercițiu de grup: Ne vom uita la unul dintre proiectele la " "care lucrați și vom încerca să integrăm în el Rust. Câteva sugestii:" #: src/exercises/android/morning.md #, fuzzy msgid "Call your AIDL service with a client written in Rust." msgstr "Apelați serviciul AIDL cu un client scris în Rust." #: src/exercises/android/morning.md #, fuzzy msgid "Move a function from your project to Rust and call it." msgstr "Mutați o funcție din proiectul dvs. în Rust și apelați-o." #: src/exercises/android/morning.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "No solution is provided here since this is open-ended: it relies on someone " "in the class having a piece of code which you can turn in to Rust on the fly." msgstr "" "Nu se oferă nicio soluție aici, deoarece este o întrebare deschisă: se " "bazează pe faptul că cineva din clasă are o bucată de cod pe care o puteți " "transforma în Rust din mers." #: src/chromium.md #, fuzzy msgid "Welcome to Rust in Chromium" msgstr "Bine ați venit la Rust în Android" #: src/chromium.md msgid "" "Rust is supported for third-party libraries in Chromium, with first-party " "glue code to connect between Rust and existing Chromium C++ code." msgstr "" #: src/chromium.md msgid "" "Today, we'll call into Rust to do something silly with strings. If you've " "got a corner of the code where you're displaying a UTF8 string to the user, " "feel free to follow this recipe in your part of the codebase instead of the " "exact part we talk about." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/setup.md msgid "" "Make sure you can build and run Chromium. Any platform and set of build " "flags is OK, so long as your code is relatively recent (commit position " "1223636 onwards, corresponding to November 2023):" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/setup.md msgid "" "(A component, debug build is recommended for quickest iteration time. This " "is the default!)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/setup.md msgid "" "See [How to build Chromium](https://www.chromium.org/developers/how-tos/get-" "the-code/) if you aren't already at that point. Be warned: setting up to " "build Chromium takes time." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/setup.md msgid "It's also recommended that you have Visual Studio code installed." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/setup.md msgid "About the exercises" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/setup.md msgid "" "This part of the course has a series of exercises which build on each other. " "We'll be doing them spread throughout the course instead of just at the end. " "If you don't have time to complete a certain part, don't worry: you can " "catch up in the next slot." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "Rust community typically uses `cargo` and libraries from [crates.io](https://" "crates.io/). Chromium is built using `gn` and `ninja` and a curated set of " "dependencies." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "When writing code in Rust, your choices are:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "Use `gn` and `ninja` with the help of the templates from `//build/rust/*." "gni` (e.g. `rust_static_library` that we'll meet later). This uses " "Chromium's audited toolchain and crates." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "Use `cargo`, but [restrict yourself to Chromium's audited toolchain and " "crates](https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/refs/heads/main/" "docs/rust.md#Using-cargo)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "Use `cargo`, trusting a [toolchain](https://rustup.rs/) and/or [crates " "downloaded from the internet](https://crates.io/)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "From here on we'll be focusing on `gn` and `ninja`, because this is how Rust " "code can be built into the Chromium browser. At the same time, Cargo is an " "important part of the Rust ecosystem and you should keep it in your toolbox." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md #, fuzzy msgid "Mini exercise" msgstr "exercițiu:" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "Split into small groups and:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "Brainstorm scenarios where `cargo` may offer an advantage and assess the " "risk profile of these scenarios." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "Discuss which tools, libraries, and groups of people need to be trusted when " "using `gn` and `ninja`, offline `cargo`, etc." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "Ask students to avoid peeking at the speaker notes before completing the " "exercise. Assuming folks taking the course are physically together, ask them " "to discuss in small groups of 3-4 people." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "Notes/hints related to the first part of the exercise (\"scenarios where " "Cargo may offer an advantage\"):" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "It's fantastic that when writing a tool, or prototyping a part of Chromium, " "one has access to the rich ecosystem of crates.io libraries. There is a " "crate for almost anything and they are usually quite pleasant to use. " "(`clap` for command-line parsing, `serde` for serializing/deserializing to/" "from various formats, `itertools` for working with iterators, etc.)." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "`cargo` makes it easy to try a library (just add a single line to `Cargo." "toml` and start writing code)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "It may be worth comparing how CPAN helped make `perl` a popular choice. Or " "comparing with `python` + `pip`." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "Development experience is made really nice not only by core Rust tools (e.g. " "using `rustup` to switch to a different `rustc` version when testing a crate " "that needs to work on nightly, current stable, and older stable) but also by " "an ecosystem of third-party tools (e.g. Mozilla provides `cargo vet` for " "streamlining and sharing security audits; `criterion` crate gives a " "streamlined way to run benchmarks)." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "`cargo` makes it easy to add a tool via `cargo install --locked cargo-vet`." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "It may be worth comparing with Chrome Extensions or VScode extensions." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "Broad, generic examples of projects where `cargo` may be the right choice:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "Perhaps surprisingly, Rust is becoming increasingly popular in the industry " "for writing command line tools. The breadth and ergonomics of libraries is " "comparable to Python, while being more robust (thanks to the rich " "typesystem) and running faster (as a compiled, rather than interpreted " "language)." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "Participating in the Rust ecosystem requires using standard Rust tools like " "Cargo. Libraries that want to get external contributions, and want to be " "used outside of Chromium (e.g. in Bazel or Android/Soong build environments) " "should probably use Cargo." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "Examples of Chromium-related projects that are `cargo`\\-based:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "`serde_json_lenient` (experimented with in other parts of Google which " "resulted in PRs with performance improvements)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "Fontations libraries like `font-types`" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "`gnrt` tool (we will meet it later in the course) which depends on `clap` " "for command-line parsing and on `toml` for configuration files." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "Disclaimer: a unique reason for using `cargo` was unavailability of `gn` " "when building and bootstrapping Rust standard library when building Rust " "toolchain.)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "`run_gnrt.py` uses Chromium's copy of `cargo` and `rustc`. `gnrt` depends on " "third-party libraries downloaded from the internet, by `run_gnrt.py` asks " "`cargo` that only `--locked` content is allowed via `Cargo.lock`.)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "Students may identify the following items as being implicitly or explicitly " "trusted:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "`rustc` (the Rust compiler) which in turn depends on the LLVM libraries, the " "Clang compiler, the `rustc` sources (fetched from GitHub, reviewed by Rust " "compiler team), binary Rust compiler downloaded for bootstrapping" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "`rustup` (it may be worth pointing out that `rustup` is developed under the " "umbrella of the https://github.com/rust-lang/ organization - same as `rustc`)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "`cargo`, `rustfmt`, etc." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "Various internal infrastructure (bots that build `rustc`, system for " "distributing the prebuilt toolchain to Chromium engineers, etc.)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "Cargo tools like `cargo audit`, `cargo vet`, etc." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "Rust libraries vendored into `//third_party/rust` (audited by " "security@chromium.org)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "Other Rust libraries (some niche, some quite popular and commonly used)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/policy.md msgid "Chromium Rust policy" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/policy.md msgid "" "Chromium does not yet allow first-party Rust except in rare cases as " "approved by Chromium's [Area Tech Leads](https://source.chromium.org/" "chromium/chromium/src/+/main:ATL_OWNERS)." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/policy.md msgid "" "Chromium's policy on third party libraries is outlined [here](https://" "chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/main/docs/adding_to_third_party." "md#rust) - Rust is allowed for third party libraries under various " "circumstances, including if they're the best option for performance or for " "security." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/policy.md msgid "" "Very few Rust libraries directly expose a C/C++ API, so that means that " "nearly all such libraries will require a small amount of first-party glue " "code." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/policy.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "```bob\n" "\"C++\" Rust\n" ".- - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " "-.\n" ": : : :\n" ": Existing Chromium : : Chromium Rust Existing " "Rust :\n" ": \"C++\" : : \"wrapper\" " "crate :\n" ": +---------------+ : : +----------------+ +-------------" "+ :\n" ": | | : : | | | " "| :\n" ": | o-----+-+-----------+-+-> o-+----------+--> " "| :\n" ": | | : Language : | | Crate | " "| :\n" ": +---------------+ : boundary : +----------------+ API +-------------" "+ :\n" ": : : :\n" "`- - - - - - - - - -' `- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " "-'\n" "```" msgstr "" "```bob\n" " Stiva Heap\n" ".- - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -.\n" ": : : :\n" ": listă : : : :\n" ": +----+----+ : : +----+----+ +----+------+ :\n" ": | 1 | o--+-----------+-----+--->| 2 | o--++--->| // | null | :\n" ": +----+----+ : : +----+----+ +----+------+ :\n" ": : : :\n" ": : : :\n" "`- - - - - - - - - - - - -' '- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" "```" #: src/chromium/policy.md msgid "" "First-party Rust glue code for a particular third-party crate should " "normally be kept in `third_party/rust///wrapper`." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/policy.md msgid "Because of this, today's course will be heavily focused on:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/policy.md msgid "Bringing in third-party Rust libraries (\"crates\")" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/policy.md msgid "Writing glue code to be able to use those crates from Chromium C++." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/policy.md msgid "If this policy changes over time, the course will evolve to keep up." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "Build rules" msgstr "Reguli de construcție" #: src/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "Rust code is usually built using `cargo`. Chromium builds with `gn` and " "`ninja` for efficiency --- its static rules allow maximum parallelism. Rust " "is no exception." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "Adding Rust code to Chromium" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "In some existing Chromium `BUILD.gn` file, declare a `rust_static_library`:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "```gn\n" "import(\"//build/rust/rust_static_library.gni\")\n" "\n" "rust_static_library(\"my_rust_lib\") {\n" " crate_root = \"lib.rs\"\n" " sources = [ \"lib.rs\" ]\n" "}\n" "```" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "You can also add `deps` on other Rust targets. Later we'll use this to " "depend upon third party code." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "You must specify _both_ the crate root, _and_ a full list of sources. The " "`crate_root` is the file given to the Rust compiler representing the root " "file of the compilation unit --- typically `lib.rs`. `sources` is a complete " "list of all source files which `ninja` needs in order to determine when " "rebuilds are necessary." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "(There's no such thing as a Rust `source_set`, because in Rust, an entire " "crate is a compilation unit. A `static_library` is the smallest unit.)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "Students might be wondering why we need a gn template, rather than using " "[gn's built-in support for Rust static libraries](https://gn.googlesource." "com/gn/+/main/docs/reference.md#func_static_library). The answer is that " "this template provides support for CXX interop, Rust features, and unit " "tests, some of which we'll use later." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules/unsafe.md msgid "Including `unsafe` Rust Code" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules/unsafe.md msgid "" "Unsafe Rust code is forbidden in `rust_static_library` by default --- it " "won't compile. If you need unsafe Rust code, add `allow_unsafe = true` to " "the gn target. (Later in the course we'll see circumstances where this is " "necessary.)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules/unsafe.md msgid "" "```gn\n" "import(\"//build/rust/rust_static_library.gni\")\n" "\n" "rust_static_library(\"my_rust_lib\") {\n" " crate_root = \"lib.rs\"\n" " sources = [\n" " \"lib.rs\",\n" " \"hippopotamus.rs\"\n" " ]\n" " allow_unsafe = true\n" "}\n" "```" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules/depending.md msgid "Simply add the above target to the `deps` of some Chromium C++ target." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules/depending.md msgid "" "```gn\n" "import(\"//build/rust/rust_static_library.gni\")\n" "\n" "rust_static_library(\"my_rust_lib\") {\n" " crate_root = \"lib.rs\"\n" " sources = [ \"lib.rs\" ]\n" "}\n" "\n" "# or source_set, static_library etc.\n" "component(\"preexisting_cpp\") {\n" " deps = [ \":my_rust_lib\" ]\n" "}\n" "```" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md msgid "" "Types are elided in Rust code, which makes a good IDE even more useful than " "for C++. Visual Studio code works well for Rust in Chromium. To use it," msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md msgid "" "Ensure your VSCode has the `rust-analyzer` extension, not earlier forms of " "Rust support" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md msgid "" "`gn gen out/Debug --export-rust-project` (or equivalent for your output " "directory)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md msgid "`ln -s out/Debug/rust-project.json rust-project.json`" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md msgid "" "A demo of some of the code annotation and exploration features of rust-" "analyzer might be beneficial if the audience are naturally skeptical of IDEs." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md msgid "" "The following steps may help with the demo (but feel free to instead use a " "piece of Chromium-related Rust that you are most familiar with):" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md msgid "Open `components/qr_code_generator/qr_code_generator_ffi_glue.rs`" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md msgid "" "Place the cursor over the `QrCode::new` call (around line 26) in " "\\`qr_code_generator_ffi_glue.rs" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md msgid "" "Demo **show documentation** (typical bindings: vscode = ctrl k i; vim/CoC = " "K)." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md msgid "" "Demo **go to definition** (typical bindings: vscode = F12; vim/CoC = g d). " "(This will take you to `//third_party/rust/.../qr_code-.../src/lib.rs`.)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md msgid "" "Demo **outline** and navigate to the `QrCode::with_bits` method (around line " "164; the outline is in the file explorer pane in vscode; typical vim/CoC " "bindings = space o)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md msgid "" "Demo **type annotations** (there are quote a few nice examples in the " "`QrCode::with_bits` method)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md msgid "" "It may be worth pointing out that `gn gen ... --export-rust-project` will " "need to be rerun after editing `BUILD.gn` files (which we will do a few " "times throughout the exercises in this session)." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "Build rules exercise" msgstr "Reguli de construcție" #: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "In your Chromium build, add a new Rust target to `//ui/base/BUILD.gn` " "containing:" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "**Important**: note that `no_mangle` here is considered a type of unsafety " "by the Rust compiler, so you'll need to to allow unsafe code in your `gn` " "target." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "Add this new Rust target as a dependency of `//ui/base:base`. Declare this " "function at the top of `ui/base/resource/resource_bundle.cc` (later, we'll " "see how this can be automated by bindings generation tools):" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "Call this function from somewhere in `ui/base/resource/resource_bundle.cc` - " "we suggest the top of `ResourceBundle::MaybeMangleLocalizedString`. Build " "and run Chromium, and ensure that \"Hello from Rust!\" is printed lots of " "times." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "If you use VSCode, now set up Rust to work well in VSCode. It will be useful " "in subsequent exercises. If you've succeeded, you will be able to use right-" "click \"Go to definition\" on `println!`." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "Where to find help" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "The options available to the [`rust_static_library` gn template](https://" "source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:build/rust/" "rust_static_library.gni;l=16)" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "Information about [`#[no_mangle]`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/beta/reference/" "abi.html#the-no_mangle-attribute)" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "Information about [`extern \"C\"`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/keyword." "extern.html)" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "Information about gn's [`--export-rust-project`](https://gn.googlesource.com/" "gn/+/main/docs/reference.md#compilation-database) switch" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "[How to install rust-analyzer in VSCode](https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/" "languages/rust)" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "This example is unusual because it boils down to the lowest-common-" "denominator interop language, C. Both C++ and Rust can natively declare and " "call C ABI functions. Later in the course, we'll connect C++ directly to " "Rust." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "`allow_unsafe = true` is required here because `#[no_mangle]` might allow " "Rust to generate two functions with the same name, and Rust can no longer " "guarantee that the right one is called." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "If you need a pure Rust executable, you can also do that using the " "`rust_executable` gn template." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing.md msgid "" "Rust community typically authors unit tests in a module placed in the same " "source file as the code being tested. This was covered [earlier](../testing." "md) in the course and looks like this:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing.md msgid "" "In Chromium we place unit tests in a separate source file and we continue to " "follow this practice for Rust --- this makes tests consistently discoverable " "and helps to avoid rebuilding `.rs` files a second time (in the `test` " "configuration)." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing.md msgid "" "This results in the following options for testing Rust code in Chromium:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing.md msgid "" "Native Rust tests (i.e. `#[test]`). Discouraged outside of `//third_party/" "rust`." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing.md msgid "" "`gtest` tests authored in C++ and exercising Rust via FFI calls. Sufficient " "when Rust code is just a thin FFI layer and the existing unit tests provide " "sufficient coverage for the feature." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing.md msgid "" "`gtest` tests authored in Rust and using the crate under test through its " "public API (using `pub mod for_testing { ... }` if needed). This is the " "subject of the next few slides." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing.md msgid "" "Mention that native Rust tests of third-party crates should eventually be " "exercised by Chromium bots. (Such testing is needed rarely --- only after " "adding or updating third-party crates.)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing.md msgid "" "Some examples may help illustrate when C++ `gtest` vs Rust `gtest` should be " "used:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing.md msgid "" "QR has very little functionality in the first-party Rust layer (it's just a " "thin FFI glue) and therefore uses the existing C++ unit tests for testing " "both the C++ and the Rust implementation (parameterizing the tests so they " "enable or disable Rust using a `ScopedFeatureList`)." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing.md msgid "" "Hypothetical/WIP PNG integration may need to implement memory-safe " "implementation of pixel transformations that are provided by `libpng` but " "missing in the `png` crate - e.g. RGBA => BGRA, or gamma correction. Such " "functionality may benefit from separate tests authored in Rust." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing/rust-gtest-interop.md msgid "" "The [`rust_gtest_interop`](https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/" "main/testing/rust_gtest_interop/README.md) library provides a way to:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing/rust-gtest-interop.md msgid "" "Use a Rust function as a `gtest` testcase (using the `#[gtest(...)]` " "attribute)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing/rust-gtest-interop.md msgid "" "Use `expect_eq!` and similar macros (similar to `assert_eq!` but not " "panicking and not terminating the test when the assertion fails)." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing/rust-gtest-interop.md #, fuzzy msgid "Example:" msgstr "Exemplu" #: src/chromium/testing/build-gn.md msgid "" "The simplest way to build Rust `gtest` tests is to add them to an existing " "test binary that already contains tests authored in C++. For example:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing/build-gn.md msgid "" "```gn\n" "test(\"ui_base_unittests\") {\n" " ...\n" " sources += [ \"my_rust_lib_unittest.rs\" ]\n" " deps += [ \":my_rust_lib\" ]\n" "}\n" "```" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing/build-gn.md msgid "" "Authoring Rust tests in a separate `static_library` also works, but requires " "manually declaring the dependency on the support libraries:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing/build-gn.md msgid "" "```gn\n" "rust_static_library(\"my_rust_lib_unittests\") {\n" " testonly = true\n" " is_gtest_unittests = true\n" " crate_root = \"my_rust_lib_unittest.rs\"\n" " sources = [ \"my_rust_lib_unittest.rs\" ]\n" " deps = [\n" " \":my_rust_lib\",\n" " \"//testing/rust_gtest_interop\",\n" " ]\n" "}\n" "\n" "test(\"ui_base_unittests\") {\n" " ...\n" " deps += [ \":my_rust_lib_unittests\" ]\n" "}\n" "```" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing/chromium-import-macro.md msgid "" "After adding `:my_rust_lib` to GN `deps`, we still need to learn how to " "import and use `my_rust_lib` from `my_rust_lib_unittest.rs`. We haven't " "provided an explicit `crate_name` for `my_rust_lib` so its crate name is " "computed based on the full target path and name. Fortunately we can avoid " "working with such an unwieldy name by using the `chromium::import!` macro " "from the automatically-imported `chromium` crate:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing/chromium-import-macro.md msgid "\"//ui/base:my_rust_lib\"" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing/chromium-import-macro.md msgid "Under the covers the macro expands to something similar to:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing/chromium-import-macro.md msgid "" "More information can be found in [the doc comment](https://source.chromium." "org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:build/rust/chromium_prelude/" "chromium_prelude.rs?q=f:chromium_prelude.rs%20pub.use.*%5Cbimport%5Cb;%20-f:" "third_party&ss=chromium%2Fchromium%2Fsrc) of the `chromium::import` macro." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing/chromium-import-macro.md msgid "" "`rust_static_library` supports specifying an explicit name via `crate_name` " "property, but doing this is discouraged. And it is discouraged because the " "crate name has to be globally unique. crates.io guarantees uniqueness of its " "crate names so `cargo_crate` GN targets (generated by the `gnrt` tool " "covered in a later section) use short crate names." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md #, fuzzy msgid "Testing exercise" msgstr "exercițiu:" #: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md msgid "Time for another exercise!" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md msgid "In your Chromium build:" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md msgid "" "Add a testable function next to `hello_from_rust`. Some suggestions: adding " "two integers received as arguments, computing the nth Fibonacci number, " "summing integers in a slice, etc." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md msgid "Add a separate `..._unittest.rs` file with a test for the new function." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md msgid "Add the new tests to `BUILD.gn`." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md msgid "Build the tests, run them, and verify that the new test works." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "The Rust community offers multiple options for C++/Rust interop, with new " "tools being developed all the time. At the moment, Chromium uses a tool " "called CXX." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "You describe your whole language boundary in an interface definition " "language (which looks a lot like Rust) and then CXX tools generate " "declarations for functions and types in both Rust and C++." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "See the [CXX tutorial](https://cxx.rs/tutorial.html) for a full example of " "using this." msgstr "" "Consultați [CXX tutorial](https://cxx.rs/tutorial.html) pentru un exemplu " "complet de utilizare." #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "Talk through the diagram. Explain that behind the scenes, this is doing just " "the same as you previously did. Point out that automating the process has " "the following benefits:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "The tool guarantees that the C++ and Rust sides match (e.g. you get compile " "errors if the `#[cxx::bridge]` doesn't match the actual C++ or Rust " "definitions, but with out-of-sync manual bindings you'd get Undefined " "Behavior)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "The tool automates generation of FFI thunks (small, C-ABI-compatible, free " "functions) for non-C features (e.g. enabling FFI calls into Rust or C++ " "methods; manual bindings would require authoring such top-level, free " "functions manually)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "The tool and the library can handle a set of core types - for example:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "`&[T]` can be passed across the FFI boundary, even though it doesn't " "guarantee any particular ABI or memory layout. With manual bindings `std::" "span` / `&[T]` have to be manually destructured and rebuilt out of a " "pointer and length - this is error-prone given that each language represents " "empty slices slightly differently)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "Smart pointers like `std::unique_ptr`, `std::shared_ptr`, and/or `Box` " "are natively supported. With manual bindings, one would have to pass C-ABI-" "compatible raw pointers, which would increase lifetime and memory-safety " "risks." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "`rust::String` and `CxxString` types understand and maintain differences in " "string representation across the languages (e.g. `rust::String::lossy` can " "build a Rust string from non-UTF8 input and `rust::String::c_str` can NUL-" "terminate a string)." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md msgid "" "CXX requires that the whole C++/Rust boundary is declared in `cxx::bridge` " "modules inside `.rs` source code." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md msgid "\"example/include/blobstore.h\"" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md msgid "// Definitions of Rust types and functions go here\n" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md msgid "Point out:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md msgid "" "Although this looks like a regular Rust `mod`, the `#[cxx::bridge]` " "procedural macro does complex things to it. The generated code is quite a " "bit more sophisticated - though this does still result in a `mod` called " "`ffi` in your code." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md msgid "Native support for C++'s `std::unique_ptr` in Rust" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md #, fuzzy msgid "Native support for Rust slices in C++" msgstr "Suport pentru testare încorporat." #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md msgid "Calls from C++ to Rust, and Rust types (in the top part)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md msgid "Calls from Rust to C++, and C++ types (in the bottom part)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md msgid "" "**Common misconception**: It _looks_ like a C++ header is being parsed by " "Rust, but this is misleading. This header is never interpreted by Rust, but " "simply `#include`d in the generated C++ code for the benefit of C++ " "compilers." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "By far the most useful page when using CXX is the [type reference](https://" "cxx.rs/bindings.html)." msgstr "" "Arătați corespondența dintre [tipurile Rust și C++](https://cxx.rs/bindings." "html):" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md msgid "CXX fundamentally suits cases where:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md msgid "" "Your Rust-C++ interface is sufficiently simple that you can declare all of " "it." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md msgid "" "You're using only the types natively supported by CXX already, for example " "`std::unique_ptr`, `std::string`, `&[u8]` etc." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md msgid "" "It has many limitations --- for example lack of support for Rust's `Option` " "type." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md msgid "" "These limitations constrain us to using Rust in Chromium only for well " "isolated \"leaf nodes\" rather than for arbitrary Rust-C++ interop. When " "considering a use-case for Rust in Chromium, a good starting point is to " "draft the CXX bindings for the language boundary to see if it appears simple " "enough." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md msgid "" "You should also discuss some of the other sticky points with CXX, for " "example:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md msgid "" "Its error handling is based around C++ exceptions (given on the next slide)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md msgid "Function pointers are awkward to use." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md msgid "" "CXX's [support for `Result`](https://cxx.rs/binding/result.html) relies " "on C++ exceptions, so we can't use that in Chromium. Alternatives:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md msgid "The `T` part of `Result` can be:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md msgid "" "Returned via out parameters (e.g. via `&mut T`). This requires that `T` can " "be passed across the FFI boundary - for example `T` has to be:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md msgid "A primitive type (like `u32` or `usize`)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md msgid "" "A type natively supported by `cxx` (like `UniquePtr`) that has a suitable " "default value to use in a failure case (_unlike_ `Box`)." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md msgid "" "Retained on the Rust side, and exposed via reference. This may be needed " "when `T` is a Rust type, which cannot be passed across the FFI boundary, and " "cannot be stored in `UniquePtr`." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md msgid "The `E` part of `Result` can be:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md msgid "" "Returned as a boolean (e.g. `true` representing success, and `false` " "representing failure)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md msgid "" "Preserving error details is in theory possible, but so far hasn't been " "needed in practice." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md #, fuzzy msgid "CXX Error Handling: QR Example" msgstr "Gestionarea erorilor" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md msgid "" "The QR code generator is [an example](https://source.chromium.org/chromium/" "chromium/src/+/main:components/qr_code_generator/qr_code_generator_ffi_glue." "rs;l=13-18;drc=7bf1b75b910ca430501b9c6a74c1d18a0223ecca) where a boolean is " "used to communicate success vs failure, and where the successful result can " "be passed across the FFI boundary:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md msgid "\"qr_code_generator\"" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md msgid "" "Students may be curious about the semantics of the `out_qr_size` output. " "This is not the size of the vector, but the size of the QR code (and " "admittedly it is a bit redundant - this is the square root of the size of " "the vector)." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md msgid "" "It may be worth pointing out the importance of initializing `out_qr_size` " "before calling into the Rust function. Creation of a Rust reference that " "points to uninitialized memory results in Undefined Behavior (unlike in C++, " "when only the act of dereferencing such memory results in UB)." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md msgid "" "If students ask about `Pin`, then explain why CXX needs it for mutable " "references to C++ data: the answer is that C++ data can’t be moved around " "like Rust data, because it may contain self-referential pointers." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md #, fuzzy msgid "CXX Error Handling: PNG Example" msgstr "Gestionarea erorilor" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md msgid "" "A prototype of a PNG decoder illustrates what can be done when the " "successful result cannot be passed across the FFI boundary:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md msgid "\"gfx::rust_bindings\"" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md msgid "" "/// This returns an FFI-friendly equivalent of `Result,\n" " /// ()>`.\n" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md msgid "/// C++ bindings for the `crate::png::ResultOfPngReader` type.\n" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md msgid "/// C++ bindings for the `crate::png::PngReader` type.\n" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md msgid "" "`PngReader` and `ResultOfPngReader` are Rust types --- objects of these " "types cannot cross the FFI boundary without indirection of a `Box`. We " "can't have an `out_parameter: &mut PngReader`, because CXX doesn't allow C++ " "to store Rust objects by value." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md msgid "" "This example illustrates that even though CXX doesn't support arbitrary " "generics nor templates, we can still pass them across the FFI boundary by " "manually specializing / monomorphizing them into a non-generic type. In the " "example `ResultOfPngReader` is a non-generic type that forwards into " "appropriate methods of `Result` (e.g. into `is_err`, `unwrap`, and/or " "`as_mut`)." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md msgid "Using cxx in Chromium" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md msgid "" "In Chromium, we define an independent `#[cxx::bridge] mod` for each leaf-" "node where we want to use Rust. You'd typically have one for each " "`rust_static_library`. Just add" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md msgid "" "```gn\n" "cxx_bindings = [ \"my_rust_file.rs\" ]\n" " # list of files containing #[cxx::bridge], not all source files\n" "allow_unsafe = true\n" "```" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md msgid "" "to your existing `rust_static_library` target alongside `crate_root` and " "`sources`." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md msgid "C++ headers will be generated at a sensible location, so you can just" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md msgid "\"ui/base/my_rust_file.rs.h\"" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md msgid "" "You will find some utility functions in `//base` to convert to/from Chromium " "C++ types to CXX Rust types --- for example [`SpanToRustSlice`](https://" "source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:base/containers/span_rust.h;" "l=21)." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md msgid "Students may ask --- why do we still need `allow_unsafe = true`?" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md msgid "" "The broad answer is that no C/C++ code is \"safe\" by the normal Rust " "standards. Calling back and forth to C/C++ from Rust may do arbitrary things " "to memory, and compromise the safety of Rust's own data layouts. Presence of " "_too many_ `unsafe` keywords in C/C++ interop can harm the signal-to-noise " "ratio of such a keyword, and is [controversial](https://steveklabnik.com/" "writing/the-cxx-debate), but strictly, bringing any foreign code into a Rust " "binary can cause unexpected behavior from Rust's perspective." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md msgid "" "The narrow answer lies in the diagram at the top of [this page](../" "interoperability-with-cpp.md) --- behind the scenes, CXX generates Rust " "`unsafe` and `extern \"C\"` functions just like we did manually in the " "previous section." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md #, fuzzy msgid "Exercise: Interoperability with C++" msgstr "Interoperabilitate cu C" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "Part one" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "In the Rust file you previously created, add a `#[cxx::bridge]` which " "specifies a single function, to be called from C++, called " "`hello_from_rust`, taking no parameters and returning no value." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "Modify your previous `hello_from_rust` function to remove `extern \"C\"` and " "`#[no_mangle]`. This is now just a standard Rust function." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "Modify your `gn` target to build these bindings." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "In your C++ code, remove the forward-declaration of `hello_from_rust`. " "Instead, include the generated header file." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "Build and run!" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "Part two" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "It's a good idea to play with CXX a little. It helps you think about how " "flexible Rust in Chromium actually is." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md #, fuzzy msgid "Some things to try:" msgstr "Câteva note:" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "Call back into C++ from Rust. You will need:" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "An additional header file which you can `include!` from your `cxx::bridge`. " "You'll need to declare your C++ function in that new header file." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "An `unsafe` block to call such a function, or alternatively specify the " "`unsafe` keyword in your `#[cxx::bridge]` [as described here](https://cxx.rs/" "extern-c++.html#functions-and-member-functions)." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "You may also need to `#include \"third_party/rust/cxx/v1/crate/include/cxx." "h\"`" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "Pass a C++ string from C++ into Rust." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "Pass a reference to a C++ object into Rust." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "Intentionally get the Rust function signatures mismatched from the `#[cxx::" "bridge]`, and get used to the errors you see." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "Intentionally get the C++ function signatures mismatched from the `#[cxx::" "bridge]`, and get used to the errors you see." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "Pass a `std::unique_ptr` of some type from C++ into Rust, so that Rust can " "own some C++ object." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "Create a Rust object and pass it into C++, so that C++ owns it. (Hint: you " "need a `Box`)." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "Declare some methods on a C++ type. Call them from Rust." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "Declare some methods on a Rust type. Call them from C++." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "Part three" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "Now you understand the strengths and limitations of CXX interop, think of a " "couple of use-cases for Rust in Chromium where the interface would be " "sufficiently simple. Sketch how you might define that interface." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md #, fuzzy msgid "The [`cxx` binding reference](https://cxx.rs/bindings.html)" msgstr "" "Arătați corespondența dintre [tipurile Rust și C++](https://cxx.rs/bindings." "html):" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "The [`rust_static_library` gn template](https://source.chromium.org/chromium/" "chromium/src/+/main:build/rust/rust_static_library.gni;l=16)" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "Some of the questions you may encounter:" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "I'm seeing a problem initializing a variable of type X with type Y, where X " "and Y are both function types. This is because your C++ function doesn't " "quite match the declaration in your `cxx::bridge`." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "I seem to be able to freely convert C++ references into Rust references. " "Doesn't that risk UB? For CXX's _opaque_ types, no, because they are zero-" "sized. For CXX trivial types yes, it's _possible_ to cause UB, although " "CXX's design makes it quite difficult to craft such an example." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md msgid "" "Rust libraries are called \"crates\" and are found at [crates.io](https://" "crates.io). It's _very easy_ for Rust crates to depend upon one another. So " "they do!" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md #, fuzzy msgid "C++ library" msgstr "bibliotecă:" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md #, fuzzy msgid "Rust crate" msgstr "Ecosistemul Rust" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md #, fuzzy msgid "Build system" msgstr "Ecosistemul Rust" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md msgid "Lots" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md #, fuzzy msgid "Consistent: `Cargo.toml`" msgstr "Puteți utiliza următorul `Cargo.toml`:" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md msgid "Typical library size" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md msgid "Large-ish" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md msgid "Small" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md msgid "Transitive dependencies" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md msgid "Few" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md msgid "For a Chromium engineer, this has pros and cons:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md msgid "" "All crates use a common build system so we can automate their inclusion into " "Chromium..." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md msgid "" "... but, crates typically have transitive dependencies, so you will likely " "have to bring in multiple libraries." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md msgid "We'll discuss:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md msgid "How to put a crate in the Chromium source code tree" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md msgid "How to make `gn` build rules for it" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md msgid "How to audit its source code for sufficient safety." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-cargo-toml.md msgid "Configuring the `Cargo.toml` file to add crates" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-cargo-toml.md msgid "" "Chromium has a single set of centrally-managed direct crate dependencies. " "These are managed through a single [`Cargo.toml`](https://source.chromium." "org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io/Cargo." "toml):" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-cargo-toml.md msgid "" "```toml\n" "[dependencies]\n" "bitflags = \"1\"\n" "cfg-if = \"1\"\n" "cxx = \"1\"\n" "# lots more...\n" "```" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-cargo-toml.md msgid "" "As with any other `Cargo.toml`, you can specify [more details about the " "dependencies](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/specifying-" "dependencies.html) --- most commonly, you'll want to specify the `features` " "that you wish to enable in the crate." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-cargo-toml.md msgid "" "When adding a crate to Chromium, you'll often need to provide some extra " "information in an additional file, `gnrt_config.toml`, which we'll meet next." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md msgid "" "Alongside `Cargo.toml` is [`gnrt_config.toml`](https://source.chromium.org/" "chromium/chromium/src/+/main:third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io/gnrt_config." "toml). This contains Chromium-specific extensions to crate handling." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md msgid "" "If you add a new crate, you should specify at least the `group`. This is one " "of:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/depending-on-a-crate.md msgid "For instance," msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md msgid "" "Depending on the crate source code layout, you may also need to use this " "file to specify where its `LICENSE` file(s) can be found." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md msgid "" "Later, we'll see some other things you will need to configure in this file " "to resolve problems." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md msgid "" "A tool called `gnrt` knows how to download crates and how to generate `BUILD." "gn` rules." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md msgid "To start, download the crate you want like this:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md msgid "" "Although the `gnrt` tool is part of the Chromium source code, by running " "this command you will be downloading and running its dependencies from " "`crates.io`. See [the earlier section](../cargo.md) discussing this security " "decision." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md msgid "This `vendor` command may download:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md #, fuzzy msgid "Your crate" msgstr "Lăzi (crates) utile" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md msgid "Direct and transitive dependencies" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md msgid "" "New versions of other crates, as required by `cargo` to resolve the complete " "set of crates required by Chromium." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md msgid "" "Chromium maintains patches for some crates, kept in `//third_party/rust/" "chromium_crates_io/patches`. These will be reapplied automatically, but if " "patching fails you may need to take manual action." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md msgid "" "Once you've downloaded the crate, generate the `BUILD.gn` files like this:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md msgid "Now run `git status`. You should find:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md msgid "" "At least one new crate source code in `third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io/" "vendor`" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md msgid "" "At least one new `BUILD.gn` in `third_party/rust//v`" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md msgid "An appropriate `README.chromium`" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The \"major semver version\" is a [Rust \"semver\" version number](https://" "doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/semver.html)." msgstr "" "A se vedea [Rust Reference](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/type-layout." "html)." #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md msgid "" "Take a close look, especially at the things generated in `third_party/rust`." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md msgid "" "Talk a little about semver --- and specifically the way that in Chromium " "it's to allow multiple incompatible versions of a crate, which is " "discouraged but sometimes necessary in the Cargo ecosystem." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md msgid "" "If your build fails, it may be because of a `build.rs`: programs which do " "arbitrary things at build time. This is fundamentally at odds with the " "design of `gn` and `ninja` which aim for static, deterministic, build rules " "to maximize parallelism and repeatability of builds." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md msgid "" "Some `build.rs` actions are automatically supported; others require action:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md msgid "build script effect" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md msgid "Supported by our gn templates" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md msgid "Work required by you" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md msgid "Checking rustc version to configure features on and off" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md msgid "None" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md msgid "Checking platform or CPU to configure features on and off" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md #, fuzzy msgid "Generating code" msgstr "Produse generice" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md msgid "Yes - specify in `gnrt_config.toml`" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md msgid "Building C/C++" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md msgid "Patch around it" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md msgid "Arbitrary other actions" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md msgid "" "Fortunately, most crates don't contain a build script, and fortunately, most " "build scripts only do the top two actions." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-generate-code.md msgid "" "If `ninja` complains about missing files, check the `build.rs` to see if it " "writes source code files." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-generate-code.md msgid "" "If so, modify [`gnrt_config.toml`](../configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md) to " "add `build-script-outputs` to the crate. If this is a transitive dependency, " "that is, one on which Chromium code should not directly depend, also add " "`allow-first-party-usage=false`. There are several examples already in that " "file:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-generate-code.md msgid "" "```toml\n" "[crate.unicode-linebreak]\n" "allow-first-party-usage = false\n" "build-script-outputs = [\"tables.rs\"]\n" "```" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-generate-code.md msgid "" "Now rerun [`gnrt.py -- gen`](../generating-gn-build-rules.md) to regenerate " "`BUILD.gn` files to inform ninja that this particular output file is input " "to subsequent build steps." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-take-arbitrary-actions.md msgid "" "Some crates use the [`cc`](https://crates.io/crates/cc) crate to build and " "link C/C++ libraries. Other crates parse C/C++ using [`bindgen`](https://" "crates.io/crates/bindgen) within their build scripts. These actions can't be " "supported in a Chromium context --- our gn, ninja and LLVM build system is " "very specific in expressing relationships between build actions." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-take-arbitrary-actions.md msgid "So, your options are:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-take-arbitrary-actions.md msgid "Avoid these crates" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-take-arbitrary-actions.md msgid "Apply a patch to the crate." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-take-arbitrary-actions.md msgid "" "Patches should be kept in `third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io/patches/" "` - see for example the [patches against the `cxx` crate](https://" "source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:third_party/rust/" "chromium_crates_io/patches/cxx/) - and will be applied automatically by " "`gnrt` each time it upgrades the crate." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/depending-on-a-crate.md msgid "" "Once you've added a third-party crate and generated build rules, depending " "on a crate is simple. Find your `rust_static_library` target, and add a " "`dep` on the `:lib` target within your crate." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/depending-on-a-crate.md #, fuzzy msgid "Specifically," msgstr "Specific sistemului de operare" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/depending-on-a-crate.md msgid "" "```bob\n" " +------------+ +----------------------+\n" "\"//third_party/rust\" | crate name | \"/v\" | major semver version | \":" "lib\"\n" " +------------+ +----------------------+\n" "```" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/depending-on-a-crate.md msgid "" "```gn\n" "rust_static_library(\"my_rust_lib\") {\n" " crate_root = \"lib.rs\"\n" " sources = [ \"lib.rs\" ]\n" " deps = [ \"//third_party/rust/example_rust_crate/v1:lib\" ]\n" "}\n" "```" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md msgid "Auditing Third Party Crates" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md msgid "" "Adding new libraries is subject to Chromium's standard [policies](https://" "chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/refs/heads/main/docs/rust." "md#Third_party-review), but of course also subject to security review. As " "you may be bringing in not just a single crate but also transitive " "dependencies, there may be a lot of code to review. On the other hand, safe " "Rust code can have limited negative side effects. How should you review it?" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md msgid "" "Over time Chromium aims to move to a process based around [cargo vet]" "(https://mozilla.github.io/cargo-vet/)." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md msgid "" "Meanwhile, for each new crate addition, we are checking for the following:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md msgid "" "Understand why each crate is used. What's the relationship between crates? " "If the build system for each crate contains a `build.rs` or procedural " "macros, work out what they're for. Are they compatible with the way Chromium " "is normally built?" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md msgid "Check each crate seems to be reasonably well maintained" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md msgid "" "Use `cd third-party/rust/chromium_crates_io; cargo audit` to check for known " "vulnerabilities (first you'll need to `cargo install cargo-audit`, which " "ironically involves downloading lots of dependencies from the internet[2](../" "cargo.md))" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md msgid "" "Ensure any `unsafe` code is good enough for the [Rule of Two](https://" "chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/main/docs/security/rule-of-2." "md#unsafe-code-in-safe-languages)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md msgid "Check for any use of `fs` or `net` APIs" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md msgid "" "Read all the code at a sufficient level to look for anything out of place " "that might have been maliciously inserted. (You can't realistically aim for " "100% perfection here: there's often just too much code.)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md msgid "" "These are just guidelines --- work with reviewers from `security@chromium." "org` to work out the right way to become confident of the crate." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md msgid "Checking Crates into Chromium Source Code" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md msgid "`git status` should reveal:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md msgid "Crate code in `//third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io`" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md msgid "" "Metadata (`BUILD.gn` and `README.chromium`) in `//third_party/rust//" "`" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md msgid "Please also add an `OWNERS` file in the latter location." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md msgid "" "You should land all this, along with your `Cargo.toml` and `gnrt_config." "toml` changes, into the Chromium repo." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md msgid "" "**Important**: you need to use `git add -f` because otherwise `.gitignore` " "files may result in some files being skipped." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md msgid "" "As you do so, you might find presubmit checks fail because of non-inclusive " "language. This is because Rust crate data tends to include names of git " "branches, and many projects still use non-inclusive terminology there. So " "you may need to run:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/keeping-up-to-date.md msgid "" "As the OWNER of any third party Chromium dependency, you are [expected to " "keep it up to date with any security fixes](https://chromium.googlesource." "com/chromium/src/+/main/docs/adding_to_third_party.md#add-owners). It is " "hoped that we will soon automate this for Rust crates, but for now, it's " "still your responsibility just as it is for any other third party dependency." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md msgid "" "Add [uwuify](https://crates.io/crates/uwuify) to Chromium, turning off the " "crate's [default features](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/" "features.html#the-default-feature). Assume that the crate will be used in " "shipping Chromium, but won't be used to handle untrustworthy input." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md msgid "" "(In the next exercise we'll use uwuify from Chromium, but feel free to skip " "ahead and do that now if you like. Or, you could create a new " "[`rust_executable` target](https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/" "+/main:build/rust/rust_executable.gni) which uses `uwuify`)." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md msgid "Students will need to download lots of transitive dependencies." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md msgid "The total crates needed are:" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md #, fuzzy msgid "`instant`," msgstr "Constant" #: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md msgid "`lock_api`," msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md msgid "`parking_lot`," msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md msgid "`parking_lot_core`," msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md msgid "`redox_syscall`," msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md msgid "`scopeguard`," msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md msgid "`smallvec`, and" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md msgid "`uwuify`." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md msgid "" "If students are downloading even more than that, they probably forgot to " "turn off the default features." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md msgid "" "Thanks to [Daniel Liu](https://github.com/Daniel-Liu-c0deb0t) for this crate!" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "Bringing It Together --- Exercise" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "" "In this exercise, you're going to add a whole new Chromium feature, bringing " "together everything you already learned." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "The Brief from Product Management" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "" "A community of pixies has been discovered living in a remote rainforest. " "It's important that we get Chromium for Pixies delivered to them as soon as " "possible." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "" "The requirement is to translate all Chromium's UI strings into Pixie " "language." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "" "There's not time to wait for proper translations, but fortunately pixie " "language is very close to English, and it turns out there's a Rust crate " "which does the translation." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "" "In fact, you already [imported that crate in the previous exercise](https://" "crates.io/crates/uwuify)." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "" "(Obviously, real translations of Chrome require incredible care and " "diligence. Don't ship this!)" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "Steps" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "" "Modify `ResourceBundle::MaybeMangleLocalizedString` so that it uwuifies all " "strings before display. In this special build of Chromium, it should always " "do this irrespective of the setting of `mangle_localized_strings_`." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "" "If you've done everything right across all these exercises, congratulations, " "you should have created Chrome for pixies!" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "" "UTF16 vs UTF8. Students should be aware that Rust strings are always UTF8, " "and will probably decide that it's better to do the conversion on the C++ " "side using `base::UTF16ToUTF8` and back again." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "" "If students decide to do the conversion on the Rust side, they'll need to " "consider [`String::from_utf16`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/struct." "String.html#method.from_utf16), consider error handling, and consider which " "[CXX supported types can transfer a lot of u16s](https://cxx.rs/binding/" "slice.html)." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "" "Students may design the C++/Rust boundary in several different ways, e.g. " "taking and returning strings by value, or taking a mutable reference to a " "string. If a mutable reference is used, CXX will likely tell the student " "that they need to use [`Pin`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/pin/). You may " "need to explain what `Pin` does, and then explain why CXX needs it for " "mutable references to C++ data: the answer is that C++ data can't be moved " "around like Rust data, because it may contain self-referential pointers." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "" "The C++ target containing `ResourceBundle::MaybeMangleLocalizedString` will " "need to depend on a `rust_static_library` target. The student probably " "already did this." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "" "The `rust_static_library` target will need to depend on `//third_party/rust/" "uwuify/v0_2:lib`." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/solutions.md msgid "" "Solutions to the Chromium exercises can be found in [this series of CLs]" "(https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/chromium/src/+/5096560)." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal.md #, fuzzy msgid "Welcome to Bare Metal Rust" msgstr "Bine ați venit la Bare Metal Rust" #: src/bare-metal.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "This is a standalone one-day course about bare-metal Rust, aimed at people " "who are familiar with the basics of Rust (perhaps from completing the " "Comprehensive Rust course), and ideally also have some experience with bare-" "metal programming in some other language such as C." msgstr "" "Acesta este un curs independent de o zi despre Rust, care se adresează " "persoanelor care sunt familiarizate cu elementele de bază ale Rust (poate în " "urma absolvirii cursului Comprehensive Rust) și care, în mod ideal, au și o " "anumită experiență în programarea bare-metal într-un alt limbaj, cum ar fi C." #: src/bare-metal.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Today we will talk about 'bare-metal' Rust: running Rust code without an OS " "underneath us. This will be divided into several parts:" msgstr "" "Astăzi vom vorbi despre Rust \"bare-metal\": rularea codului Rust fără un " "sistem de operare sub noi. Acest subiect va fi împărțit în mai multe părți:" #: src/bare-metal.md #, fuzzy msgid "What is `no_std` Rust?" msgstr "Ce este `no_std` Rust?" #: src/bare-metal.md #, fuzzy msgid "Writing firmware for microcontrollers." msgstr "Scrierea de firmware pentru microcontrolere." #: src/bare-metal.md #, fuzzy msgid "Writing bootloader / kernel code for application processors." msgstr "Scrierea codului bootloader / kernel pentru procesoarele de aplicații." #: src/bare-metal.md #, fuzzy msgid "Some useful crates for bare-metal Rust development." msgstr "Câteva lădițe utile pentru dezvoltarea Rust pe suport metalic gol." #: src/bare-metal.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "For the microcontroller part of the course we will use the [BBC micro:bit]" "(https://microbit.org/) v2 as an example. It's a [development board](https://" "tech.microbit.org/hardware/) based on the Nordic nRF51822 microcontroller " "with some LEDs and buttons, an I2C-connected accelerometer and compass, and " "an on-board SWD debugger." msgstr "" "Pentru partea de microcontroler a cursului vom folosi [BBC micro:bit]" "(https://microbit.org/) v2 ca exemplu. Este o [placă de dezvoltare](https://" "tech.microbit.org/hardware/) bazată pe microcontrolerul Nordic nRF51822 cu " "câteva LED-uri și butoane, un accelerometru și o busolă conectate I2C și un " "depanator SWD la bord." #: src/bare-metal.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "To get started, install some tools we'll need later. On gLinux or Debian:" msgstr "" "Pentru a începe, instalați câteva instrumente de care vom avea nevoie mai " "târziu. Pe gLinux sau Debian:" #: src/bare-metal.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "And give users in the `plugdev` group access to the micro:bit programmer:" msgstr "" "Și oferiți utilizatorilor din grupul `plugdev` acces la programatorul micro:" "bit:" #: src/bare-metal.md src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md #, fuzzy msgid "On MacOS:" msgstr "Pe MacOS:" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md #, fuzzy msgid "`core`" msgstr "`core`" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md #, fuzzy msgid "`std`" msgstr "`std`" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md #, fuzzy msgid "Slices, `&str`, `CStr`" msgstr "Slices, `&str`, `CStr`" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md #, fuzzy msgid "`NonZeroU8`..." msgstr "`NonZeroU8`..." #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Option`, `Result`" msgstr "`Opțiune`, `Rezultat`" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Display`, `Debug`, `write!`..." msgstr "`Display`, `Debug`, `write!`..." #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md #, fuzzy msgid "`panic!`, `assert_eq!`..." msgstr "`panic!`, `assert_eq!`..." #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md #, fuzzy msgid "`NonNull` and all the usual pointer-related functions" msgstr "`NonNull` și toate funcțiile obișnuite legate de pointer" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Future` and `async`/`await`" msgstr "`Future` și `async`/`await`" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md #, fuzzy msgid "`fence`, `AtomicBool`, `AtomicPtr`, `AtomicU32`..." msgstr "`fence`, `AtomicBool`, `AtomicPtr`, `AtomicU32`..." #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Duration`" msgstr "`Durată`" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Box`, `Cow`, `Arc`, `Rc`" msgstr "`Box`, `Cow`, `Arc`, `Rc`" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Vec`, `BinaryHeap`, `BtreeMap`, `LinkedList`, `VecDeque`" msgstr "`Vec`, `BinaryHeap`, `BtreeMap`, `LinkedList`, `VecDeque`" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md #, fuzzy msgid "`String`, `CString`, `format!`" msgstr "`String`, `CString`, `format!`" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Error`" msgstr "`Error`" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Mutex`, `Condvar`, `Barrier`, `Once`, `RwLock`, `mpsc`" msgstr "`Mutex`, `Condvar`, `Barrier`, `Once`, `RwLock`, `mpsc`" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md #, fuzzy msgid "`File` and the rest of `fs`" msgstr "`File` și restul de `fs`" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md #, fuzzy msgid "`println!`, `Read`, `Write`, `Stdin`, `Stdout` and the rest of `io`" msgstr "`println!`, `Read`, `Write`, `Stdin`, `Stdout` și restul de `io`" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Path`, `OsString`" msgstr "`Path`, `OsString`" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md #, fuzzy msgid "`net`" msgstr "`net`" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Command`, `Child`, `ExitCode`" msgstr "`Command`, `Child`, `ExitCode`" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md #, fuzzy msgid "`spawn`, `sleep` and the rest of `thread`" msgstr "`spawn`, `sleep` și restul de `thread`" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md #, fuzzy msgid "`SystemTime`, `Instant`" msgstr "`SystemTime`, `Instant`" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md #, fuzzy msgid "`HashMap` depends on RNG." msgstr "`HashMap` depinde de RNG." #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md #, fuzzy msgid "`std` re-exports the contents of both `core` and `alloc`." msgstr "`std` reexportă conținutul atât al lui `core` cât și al lui `alloc`." #: src/bare-metal/minimal.md #, fuzzy msgid "A minimal `no_std` program" msgstr "Un program minimal `no_std`" #: src/bare-metal/minimal.md #, fuzzy msgid "This will compile to an empty binary." msgstr "Aceasta va compila un binar gol." #: src/bare-metal/minimal.md #, fuzzy msgid "`std` provides a panic handler; without it we must provide our own." msgstr "" "`std` oferă un gestionar de panică; în lipsa acestuia, trebuie să ne " "furnizăm propriul gestionar." #: src/bare-metal/minimal.md #, fuzzy msgid "It can also be provided by another crate, such as `panic-halt`." msgstr "Acesta poate fi furnizat și de o altă ladă, cum ar fi `panic-halt`." #: src/bare-metal/minimal.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Depending on the target, you may need to compile with `panic = \"abort\"` to " "avoid an error about `eh_personality`." msgstr "" "În funcție de țintă, este posibil să fie nevoie să compilați cu `panic = " "\"abort\"` pentru a evita o eroare cu privire la `eh_personality`." #: src/bare-metal/minimal.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Note that there is no `main` or any other entry point; it's up to you to " "define your own entry point. This will typically involve a linker script and " "some assembly code to set things up ready for Rust code to run." msgstr "" "Rețineți că nu există niciun `main` sau alt punct de intrare; depinde de " "dumneavoastră să vă definiți propriul punct de intrare. Acest lucru va " "implica, de obicei, un script de linker și ceva cod de asamblare pentru a " "pregăti lucrurile pentru a permite rularea codului Rust." #: src/bare-metal/alloc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "To use `alloc` you must implement a [global (heap) allocator](https://doc." "rust-lang.org/stable/std/alloc/trait.GlobalAlloc.html)." msgstr "" "Pentru a utiliza `alloc` trebuie să implementați un [alocator global (heap)]" "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/alloc/trait.GlobalAlloc.html)." #: src/bare-metal/alloc.md msgid "" "// Safe because `HEAP` is only used here and `entry` is only called once.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/alloc.md msgid "// Give the allocator some memory to allocate.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/alloc.md msgid "// Now we can do things that require heap allocation.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/alloc.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"A string\"" msgstr "șir:" #: src/bare-metal/alloc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`buddy_system_allocator` is a third-party crate implementing a basic buddy " "system allocator. Other crates are available, or you can write your own or " "hook into your existing allocator." msgstr "" "`buddy_system_allocator` este un crate terț care implementează un alocator " "de bază pentru sistemul de prieteni. Sunt disponibile și alte crates, sau " "puteți să vă scrieți propriul alocator sau să vă conectați la alocatorul " "existent." #: src/bare-metal/alloc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The const parameter of `LockedHeap` is the max order of the allocator; i.e. " "in this case it can allocate regions of up to 2\\*\\*32 bytes." msgstr "" "Parametrul const al `LockedHeap` este ordinea maximă a alocatorului; adică, " "în acest caz, acesta poate aloca regiuni de până la 2\\*\\*32 octeți." #: src/bare-metal/alloc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "If any crate in your dependency tree depends on `alloc` then you must have " "exactly one global allocator defined in your binary. Usually this is done in " "the top-level binary crate." msgstr "" "Dacă orice crate din arborele de dependență depinde de `alloc`, atunci " "trebuie să aveți exact un alocator global definit în binarul dumneavoastră. " "De obicei, acest lucru se face în crate-ul binar de nivel superior." #: src/bare-metal/alloc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`extern crate panic_halt as _` is necessary to ensure that the `panic_halt` " "crate is linked in so we get its panic handler." msgstr "" "`extern crate panic_halt as _` este necesar pentru a ne asigura că crate-ul " "`panic_halt` este legat, astfel încât să obținem gestionarul de panică al " "acestuia." #: src/bare-metal/alloc.md #, fuzzy msgid "This example will build but not run, as it doesn't have an entry point." msgstr "" "Acest exemplu va fi construit, dar nu va fi executat, deoarece nu are un " "punct de intrare." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The `cortex_m_rt` crate provides (among other things) a reset handler for " "Cortex M microcontrollers." msgstr "" "Crate `cortex_m_rt` oferă (printre altele) un gestionar de resetare pentru " "microcontrolerele Cortex M." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Next we'll look at how to access peripherals, with increasing levels of " "abstraction." msgstr "" "În continuare, vom examina modul de accesare a perifericelor, cu niveluri de " "abstractizare din ce în ce mai mari." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The `cortex_m_rt::entry` macro requires that the function have type `fn() -" "> !`, because returning to the reset handler doesn't make sense." msgstr "" "Macroul `cortex_m_rt::entry` necesită ca funcția să aibă tipul `fn() -> !`, " "deoarece întoarcerea la gestionarul de resetare nu are sens." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers.md #, fuzzy msgid "Run the example with `cargo embed --bin minimal`" msgstr "Rulați exemplul cu `cargo embed --bin minimal`" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Most microcontrollers access peripherals via memory-mapped IO. Let's try " "turning on an LED on our micro:bit:" msgstr "" "Majoritatea microcontrolerelor accesează perifericele prin intermediul IO " "mapate în memorie. Să încercăm să aprindem un LED pe micro:bit-ul nostru:" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md msgid "/// GPIO port 0 peripheral address\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md msgid "// GPIO peripheral offsets\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md msgid "// PIN_CNF fields\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md msgid "// Configure GPIO 0 pins 21 and 28 as push-pull outputs.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md msgid "" "// Safe because the pointers are to valid peripheral control registers, and\n" " // no aliases exist.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md msgid "// Set pin 28 low and pin 21 high to turn the LED on.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "GPIO 0 pin 21 is connected to the first column of the LED matrix, and pin 28 " "to the first row." msgstr "" "Pinul 21 al GPIO 0 este conectat la prima coloană a matricei de LED-uri, iar " "pinul 28 la primul rând." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/board-support.md #, fuzzy msgid "Run the example with:" msgstr "Rulați exemplul cu:" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md #, fuzzy msgid "Peripheral Access Crates" msgstr "Lăzi de acces periferic" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`svd2rust`](https://crates.io/crates/svd2rust) generates mostly-safe Rust " "wrappers for memory-mapped peripherals from [CMSIS-SVD](https://www.keil.com/" "pack/doc/CMSIS/SVD/html/index.html) files." msgstr "" "[`svd2rust`](https://crates.io/crates/svd2rust) generează învelișuri Rust în " "mare parte sigure pentru perifericele cu memorie mapă din fișierele [CMSIS-" "SVD](https://www.keil.com/pack/doc/CMSIS/SVD/html/index.html)." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "SVD (System View Description) files are XML files typically provided by " "silicon vendors which describe the memory map of the device." msgstr "" "Fișierele SVD (System View Description) sunt fișiere XML furnizate de obicei " "de furnizorii de siliciu care descriu harta de memorie a dispozitivului." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "They are organised by peripheral, register, field and value, with names, " "descriptions, addresses and so on." msgstr "" "Acestea sunt organizate în funcție de periferic, registru, câmp și valoare, " "cu nume, descrieri, adrese etc." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "SVD files are often buggy and incomplete, so there are various projects " "which patch the mistakes, add missing details, and publish the generated " "crates." msgstr "" "Fișierele SVD sunt deseori eronate și incomplete, așa că există diverse " "proiecte care corectează greșelile, adaugă detaliile lipsă și publică " "lădițele generate." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md #, fuzzy msgid "`cortex-m-rt` provides the vector table, among other things." msgstr "`cortex-m-rt` furnizează, printre altele, tabelul vectorial." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "If you `cargo install cargo-binutils` then you can run `cargo objdump --bin " "pac -- -d --no-show-raw-insn` to see the resulting binary." msgstr "" "Dacă instalați `cargo install cargo-binutils` atunci puteți rula `cargo " "objdump --bin pac -- -d --no-show-raw-insn` pentru a vedea binarul rezultat." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md #, fuzzy msgid "HAL crates" msgstr "Lăzi HAL" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[HAL crates](https://github.com/rust-embedded/awesome-embedded-rust#hal-" "implementation-crates) for many microcontrollers provide wrappers around " "various peripherals. These generally implement traits from [`embedded-hal`]" "(https://crates.io/crates/embedded-hal)." msgstr "" "[HAL crates](https://github.com/rust-embedded/awesome-embedded-rust#hal-" "implementation-crates) pentru multe microcontrolere oferă învelișuri în " "jurul diferitelor periferice. Acestea implementează în general trăsături din " "[`embedded-hal`](https://crates.io/crates/embedded-hal)." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md msgid "// Create HAL wrapper for GPIO port 0.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`set_low` and `set_high` are methods on the `embedded_hal` `OutputPin` trait." msgstr "" "`set_low` și `set_high` sunt metode ale trăsăturii `OutputPin` " "`embedded_hal`." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "HAL crates exist for many Cortex-M and RISC-V devices, including various " "STM32, GD32, nRF, NXP, MSP430, AVR and PIC microcontrollers." msgstr "" "HAL crates există pentru multe dispozitive Cortex-M și RISC-V, inclusiv " "pentru diverse microcontrolere STM32, GD32, nRF, NXP, MSP430, AVR și PIC." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/board-support.md #, fuzzy msgid "Board support crates" msgstr "Suport de bord lăzi" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/board-support.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Board support crates provide a further level of wrapping for a specific " "board for convenience." msgstr "" "Lăzile de susținere a plăcilor oferă un nivel suplimentar de împachetare " "pentru o anumită placă, pentru mai multă comoditate." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/board-support.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "In this case the board support crate is just providing more useful names, " "and a bit of initialisation." msgstr "" "În acest caz, suportul pentru plăci oferă doar nume mai utile și o mică " "inițializare." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/board-support.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The crate may also include drivers for some on-board devices outside of the " "microcontroller itself." msgstr "" "De asemenea, pachetul poate include drivere pentru unele dispozitive de la " "bord în afara microcontrolerului propriu-zis." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/board-support.md #, fuzzy msgid "`microbit-v2` includes a simple driver for the LED matrix." msgstr "`microbit-v2` include un driver simplu pentru matricea de LED-uri." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md #, fuzzy msgid "The type state pattern" msgstr "Modelul de stare de tip" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md msgid "// let gpio0_01_again = gpio0.p0_01; // Error, moved.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md msgid "// pin_input.is_high(); // Error, moved.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Pins don't implement `Copy` or `Clone`, so only one instance of each can " "exist. Once a pin is moved out of the port struct nobody else can take it." msgstr "" "Pinii nu implementează `Copy` sau `Clone`, astfel încât poate exista doar o " "singură instanță a fiecăruia. Odată ce un pin este mutat din structura " "portului, nimeni altcineva nu îl poate lua." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Changing the configuration of a pin consumes the old pin instance, so you " "can’t keep use the old instance afterwards." msgstr "" "Schimbarea configurației unui pin consumă vechea instanță de pin, astfel " "încât nu mai puteți continua să folosiți vechea instanță după aceea." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The type of a value indicates the state that it is in: e.g. in this case, " "the configuration state of a GPIO pin. This encodes the state machine into " "the type system, and ensures that you don't try to use a pin in a certain " "way without properly configuring it first. Illegal state transitions are " "caught at compile time." msgstr "" "Tipul unei valori indică starea în care se află aceasta: de exemplu, în " "acest caz, starea de configurare a unui pin GPIO. Acest lucru codifică " "mașina de stare în sistemul de tipuri și garantează că nu încercați să " "utilizați un pin într-un anumit mod fără să-l configurați mai întâi în mod " "corespunzător. Tranzițiile de stare ilegale sunt detectate în momentul " "compilării." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You can call `is_high` on an input pin and `set_high` on an output pin, but " "not vice-versa." msgstr "" "Puteți apela `is_high` pe un pin de intrare și `set_high` pe un pin de " "ieșire, dar nu și invers." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md #, fuzzy msgid "Many HAL crates follow this pattern." msgstr "Multe lăzi HAL urmează acest model." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The [`embedded-hal`](https://crates.io/crates/embedded-hal) crate provides a " "number of traits covering common microcontroller peripherals." msgstr "" "Crăiasa [`embedded-hal`](https://crates.io/crates/embedded-hal) oferă o " "serie de caracteristici care acoperă perifericele comune ale " "microcontrolerului." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md #, fuzzy msgid "GPIO" msgstr "GPIO" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md #, fuzzy msgid "ADC" msgstr "ADC" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md #, fuzzy msgid "I2C, SPI, UART, CAN" msgstr "I2C, SPI, UART, CAN" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md #, fuzzy msgid "RNG" msgstr "RNG" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md #, fuzzy msgid "Timers" msgstr "Cronometre" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md #, fuzzy msgid "Watchdogs" msgstr "Câini de pază" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Other crates then implement [drivers](https://github.com/rust-embedded/" "awesome-embedded-rust#driver-crates) in terms of these traits, e.g. an " "accelerometer driver might need an I2C or SPI bus implementation." msgstr "" "Alte crates implementează apoi [drivere](https://github.com/rust-embedded/" "awesome-embedded-rust#driver-crates) în funcție de aceste caracteristici, de " "exemplu, un driver pentru accelerometru poate avea nevoie de o implementare " "a bus-ului I2C sau SPI." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "There are implementations for many microcontrollers, as well as other " "platforms such as Linux on Raspberry Pi." msgstr "" "Există implementări pentru multe microcontrolere, precum și pentru alte " "platforme, cum ar fi Linux pe Raspberry Pi." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "There is work in progress on an `async` version of `embedded-hal`, but it " "isn't stable yet." msgstr "" "Se lucrează în prezent la o versiune `async` a `embedded-hal`, dar nu este " "încă stabilă." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[probe-rs](https://probe.rs/) is a handy toolset for embedded debugging, " "like OpenOCD but better integrated." msgstr "" "[probe-rs](https://probe.rs/) este un set de instrumente utile pentru " "depanarea embedded, precum OpenOCD, dar mai bine integrat." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "SWD (Serial Wire Debug) and JTAG via CMSIS-DAP, ST-Link and J-Link probes" msgstr "" "SWD (Serial Wire Debug) și JTAG prin sonde CMSIS-DAP, ST-Link și J-Link" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md #, fuzzy msgid "GDB stub and Microsoft DAP (Debug Adapter Protocol) server" msgstr "GDB stub și serverul Microsoft DAP (Debug Adapter Protocol)" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md #, fuzzy msgid "Cargo integration" msgstr "Integrarea încărcăturii" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`cargo-embed` is a cargo subcommand to build and flash binaries, log RTT " "(Real Time Transfers) output and connect GDB. It's configured by an `Embed." "toml` file in your project directory." msgstr "" "`cargo-embed` este o subcomandă cargo pentru a construi și afișa binare, a " "înregistra ieșirea RTT (Real Time Transfers) și a conecta GDB. Este " "configurată de un fișier `Embed.toml` din directorul proiectului " "dumneavoastră." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[CMSIS-DAP](https://arm-software.github.io/CMSIS_5/DAP/html/index.html) is " "an Arm standard protocol over USB for an in-circuit debugger to access the " "CoreSight Debug Access Port of various Arm Cortex processors. It's what the " "on-board debugger on the BBC micro:bit uses." msgstr "" "[CMSIS-DAP](https://arm-software.github.io/CMSIS_5/DAP/html/index.html) este " "un protocol standard Arm prin USB pentru ca un depanator in-circuit să " "acceseze portul de acces la depanare CoreSight al diferitelor procesoare Arm " "Cortex. Este ceea ce folosește depanatorul de bord de pe BBC micro:bit." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "ST-Link is a range of in-circuit debuggers from ST Microelectronics, J-Link " "is a range from SEGGER." msgstr "" "ST-Link este o gamă de depanatoare în circuit de la ST Microelectronics, iar " "J-Link este o gamă de la SEGGER." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The Debug Access Port is usually either a 5-pin JTAG interface or 2-pin " "Serial Wire Debug." msgstr "" "Portul de acces pentru depanare este, de obicei, fie o interfață JTAG cu 5 " "pini, fie o interfață de depanare prin cablu serial cu 2 pini." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "probe-rs is a library which you can integrate into your own tools if you " "want to." msgstr "" "probe-rs este o bibliotecă pe care o puteți integra în propriile " "instrumente, dacă doriți." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The [Microsoft Debug Adapter Protocol](https://microsoft.github.io/debug-" "adapter-protocol/) lets VSCode and other IDEs debug code running on any " "supported microcontroller." msgstr "" "[Microsoft Debug Adapter Protocol](https://microsoft.github.io/debug-adapter-" "protocol/) permite VSCode și altor IDE-uri să depaneze codul care rulează pe " "orice microcontroler acceptat." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md #, fuzzy msgid "cargo-embed is a binary built using the probe-rs library." msgstr "cargo-embed este un binar construit folosind biblioteca probe-rs." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "RTT (Real Time Transfers) is a mechanism to transfer data between the debug " "host and the target through a number of ringbuffers." msgstr "" "RTT (Real Time Transfers) este un mecanism de transfer de date între gazda " "de depanare și țintă prin intermediul unui număr de ringbufferi." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md #, fuzzy msgid "_Embed.toml_:" msgstr "_Embed.toml_:" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md #, fuzzy msgid "In one terminal under `src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/examples/`:" msgstr "Într-un terminal, sub `src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/examples/`:" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md #, fuzzy msgid "In another terminal in the same directory:" msgstr "Într-un alt terminal din același director:" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md #, fuzzy msgid "On gLinux or Debian:" msgstr "Pe gLinux sau Debian:" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md #, fuzzy msgid "In GDB, try running:" msgstr "În GDB, încercați să rulați:" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md #: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md #, fuzzy msgid "Other projects" msgstr "Alte proiecte" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md #, fuzzy msgid "[RTIC](https://rtic.rs/)" msgstr "[RTIC](https://rtic.rs/)" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"Real-Time Interrupt-driven Concurrency\"" msgstr "\"Concurrența în timp real bazată pe întreruperi\"" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Shared resource management, message passing, task scheduling, timer queue" msgstr "" "Gestionarea resurselor partajate, trecerea mesajelor, programarea " "sarcinilor, coada de timp" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md #, fuzzy msgid "[Embassy](https://embassy.dev/)" msgstr "[Ambasada](https://embassy.dev/)" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md #, fuzzy msgid "`async` executors with priorities, timers, networking, USB" msgstr "executori `async` cu priorități, cronometre, rețea, USB" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md #, fuzzy msgid "[TockOS](https://www.tockos.org/documentation/getting-started)" msgstr "[TockOS](https://www.tockos.org/documentation/getting-started)" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Security-focused RTOS with preemptive scheduling and Memory Protection Unit " "support" msgstr "" "RTOS axat pe securitate, cu programare preemptivă și suport pentru unitatea " "de protecție a memoriei" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md #, fuzzy msgid "[Hubris](https://hubris.oxide.computer/)" msgstr "[Hubris](https://hubris.oxide.computer/)" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Microkernel RTOS from Oxide Computer Company with memory protection, " "unprivileged drivers, IPC" msgstr "" "Microkernel RTOS de la Oxide Computer Company cu protecție de memorie, " "drivere neprivilegiate, IPC" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md #, fuzzy msgid "[Bindings for FreeRTOS](https://github.com/lobaro/FreeRTOS-rust)" msgstr "[Legături pentru FreeRTOS](https://github.com/lobaro/FreeRTOS-rust)" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Some platforms have `std` implementations, e.g. [esp-idf](https://esp-rs." "github.io/book/overview/using-the-standard-library.html)." msgstr "" "Unele platforme au implementări `std`, de exemplu [esp-idf](https://esp-rs." "github.io/book/overview/using-the-standard-library.html)." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md #, fuzzy msgid "RTIC can be considered either an RTOS or a concurrency framework." msgstr "RTIC poate fi considerat fie un RTOS, fie un cadru de concurență." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md #, fuzzy msgid "It doesn't include any HALs." msgstr "Nu include niciun HAL." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "It uses the Cortex-M NVIC (Nested Virtual Interrupt Controller) for " "scheduling rather than a proper kernel." msgstr "" "Acesta utilizează Cortex-M NVIC (Nested Virtual Interrupt Controller) pentru " "programare, în loc de un kernel propriu-zis." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md #, fuzzy msgid "Cortex-M only." msgstr "Numai Cortex-M." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Google uses TockOS on the Haven microcontroller for Titan security keys." msgstr "" "Google folosește TockOS pe microcontrolerul Haven pentru cheile de " "securitate Titan." #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "FreeRTOS is mostly written in C, but there are Rust bindings for writing " "applications." msgstr "" "FreeRTOS este scris în mare parte în C, dar există legături Rust pentru " "scrierea de aplicații." #: src/exercises/bare-metal/morning.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "We will read the direction from an I2C compass, and log the readings to a " "serial port." msgstr "" "Vom citi direcția de la o busolă I2C și vom înregistra citirile pe un port " "serial." #: src/exercises/bare-metal/morning.md src/exercises/concurrency/morning.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "After looking at the exercises, you can look at the [solutions](solutions-" "morning.md) provided." msgstr "" "După ce ați studiat exercițiile, puteți consulta [soluții](solutions-morning." "md) furnizate." #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "We will read the direction from an I2C compass, and log the readings to a " "serial port. If you have time, try displaying it on the LEDs somehow too, or " "use the buttons somehow." msgstr "" "Vom citi direcția de la o busolă I2C și vom înregistra citirile pe un port " "serial. Dacă aveți timp, încercați să o afișați cumva și pe LED-uri sau să " "folosiți cumva butoanele." #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md #, fuzzy msgid "Hints:" msgstr "Sugestii:" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Check the documentation for the [`lsm303agr`](https://docs.rs/lsm303agr/" "latest/lsm303agr/) and [`microbit-v2`](https://docs.rs/microbit-v2/latest/" "microbit/) crates, as well as the [micro:bit hardware](https://tech.microbit." "org/hardware/)." msgstr "" "Consultați documentația pentru pachetele [`lsm303agr`](https://docs.rs/" "lsm303agr/latest/lsm303agr/) și [`microbit-v2`](https://docs.rs/microbit-v2/" "latest/microbit/), precum și pentru [micro:bit hardware](https://tech." "microbit.org/hardware/)." #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The LSM303AGR Inertial Measurement Unit is connected to the internal I2C bus." msgstr "" "Unitatea de măsurare inerțială LSM303AGR este conectată la magistrala " "internă I2C." #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "TWI is another name for I2C, so the I2C master peripheral is called TWIM." msgstr "" "TWI este un alt nume pentru I2C, astfel încât perifericul master I2C se " "numește TWIM." #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The LSM303AGR driver needs something implementing the `embedded_hal::" "blocking::i2c::WriteRead` trait. The [`microbit::hal::Twim`](https://docs.rs/" "microbit-v2/latest/microbit/hal/struct.Twim.html) struct implements this." msgstr "" "Driverul LSM303AGR are nevoie de ceva care să implementeze trăsătura " "`embedded_hal::blocking::i2c::WriteRead`. Structura [`microbit::hal::Twim`]" "(https://docs.rs/microbit-v2/latest/microbit/hal/struct.Twim.html) " "implementează acest lucru." #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You have a [`microbit::Board`](https://docs.rs/microbit-v2/latest/microbit/" "struct.Board.html) struct with fields for the various pins and peripherals." msgstr "" "Aveți o structură [`microbit::Board`](https://docs.rs/microbit-v2/latest/" "microbit/struct.Board.html) cu câmpuri pentru diverși pini și periferice." #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You can also look at the [nRF52833 datasheet](https://infocenter.nordicsemi." "com/pdf/nRF52833_PS_v1.5.pdf) if you want, but it shouldn't be necessary for " "this exercise." msgstr "" "Dacă doriți, puteți consulta și [nRF52833 datasheet](https://infocenter." "nordicsemi.com/pdf/nRF52833_PS_v1.5.pdf), dar nu ar trebui să fie necesar " "pentru acest exercițiu." #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Download the [exercise template](../../comprehensive-rust-exercises.zip) and " "look in the `compass` directory for the following files." msgstr "" "Descărcați [șablonul de exerciții] (../../comprehensive-rust-exercises.zip) " "și căutați în directorul `compass` următoarele fișiere." #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #, fuzzy msgid "_src/main.rs_:" msgstr "src/main.rs_:" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md msgid "// Configure serial port.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md msgid "// Use the system timer as a delay provider.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md msgid "" "// Set up the I2C controller and Inertial Measurement Unit.\n" " // TODO\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"Ready.\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md msgid "" "// Read compass data and log it to the serial port.\n" " // TODO\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #, fuzzy msgid "_Cargo.toml_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" msgstr "_Cargo.toml_ (nu ar trebui să fie nevoie să modificați acest lucru):" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md #, fuzzy msgid "_Embed.toml_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" msgstr "_Embed.toml_ (nu ar trebui să fie nevoie să modificați acest lucru):" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #, fuzzy msgid "_.cargo/config.toml_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" msgstr "" "_.cargo/config.toml_ (nu ar trebui să fie nevoie să modificați acest lucru):" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md #, fuzzy msgid "See the serial output on Linux with:" msgstr "Vedeți ieșirea serială pe Linux cu:" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Or on Mac OS something like (the device name may be slightly different):" msgstr "" "Sau, pe Mac OS, ceva de genul (numele dispozitivului poate fi ușor diferit):" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md #, fuzzy msgid "Use Ctrl+A Ctrl+Q to quit picocom." msgstr "Folosiți Ctrl+A Ctrl+Q pentru a ieși din picocom." #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md #, fuzzy msgid "Bare Metal Rust Morning Exercise" msgstr "Exercițiu de dimineață Bare Metal Rust" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md #, fuzzy msgid "([back to exercise](compass.md))" msgstr "([back to exercise](compass.md))" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md msgid "// Set up the I2C controller and Inertial Measurement Unit.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"Setting up IMU...\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md msgid "// Set up display and timer.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md msgid "// Read compass data and log it to the serial port.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"{},{},{}\\t{},{},{}\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md msgid "" "// If button A is pressed, switch to the next mode and briefly blink all " "LEDs\n" " // on.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps.md #, fuzzy msgid "Application processors" msgstr "Procesoare de aplicații" #: src/bare-metal/aps.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "So far we've talked about microcontrollers, such as the Arm Cortex-M series. " "Now let's try writing something for Cortex-A. For simplicity we'll just work " "with QEMU's aarch64 ['virt'](https://qemu-project.gitlab.io/qemu/system/arm/" "virt.html) board." msgstr "" "Până acum am vorbit despre microcontrolere, cum ar fi seria Arm Cortex-M. " "Acum să încercăm să scriem ceva pentru Cortex-A. Pentru simplitate, vom " "lucra doar cu placa aarch64 ['virt'](https://qemu-project.gitlab.io/qemu/" "system/arm/virt.html) a lui QEMU." #: src/bare-metal/aps.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Broadly speaking, microcontrollers don't have an MMU or multiple levels of " "privilege (exception levels on Arm CPUs, rings on x86), while application " "processors do." msgstr "" "În linii mari, microcontrolerele nu au un MMU sau mai multe niveluri de " "privilegii (niveluri de excepție la procesoarele Arm, inele la x86), în timp " "ce procesoarele de aplicații au." #: src/bare-metal/aps.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "QEMU supports emulating various different machines or board models for each " "architecture. The 'virt' board doesn't correspond to any particular real " "hardware, but is designed purely for virtual machines." msgstr "" "QEMU suportă emularea mai multor mașini sau modele de plăci diferite pentru " "fiecare arhitectură. Placa \"virt\" nu corespunde unui anumit hardware real, " "ci este concepută exclusiv pentru mașini virtuale." #: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Before we can start running Rust code, we need to do some initialisation." msgstr "" "Înainte de a începe să rulăm codul Rust, trebuie să facem o anumită " "inițializare." #: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "```armasm\n" ".section .init.entry, \"ax\"\n" ".global entry\n" "entry:\n" " /*\n" " * Load and apply the memory management configuration, ready to enable " "MMU and\n" " * caches.\n" " */\n" " adrp x30, idmap\n" " msr ttbr0_el1, x30\n" "\n" " mov_i x30, .Lmairval\n" " msr mair_el1, x30\n" "\n" " mov_i x30, .Ltcrval\n" " /* Copy the supported PA range into TCR_EL1.IPS. */\n" " mrs x29, id_aa64mmfr0_el1\n" " bfi x30, x29, #32, #4\n" "\n" " msr tcr_el1, x30\n" "\n" " mov_i x30, .Lsctlrval\n" "\n" " /*\n" " * Ensure everything before this point has completed, then invalidate " "any\n" " * potentially stale local TLB entries before they start being used.\n" " */\n" " isb\n" " tlbi vmalle1\n" " ic iallu\n" " dsb nsh\n" " isb\n" "\n" " /*\n" " * Configure sctlr_el1 to enable MMU and cache and don't proceed until " "this\n" " * has completed.\n" " */\n" " msr sctlr_el1, x30\n" " isb\n" "\n" " /* Disable trapping floating point access in EL1. */\n" " mrs x30, cpacr_el1\n" " orr x30, x30, #(0x3 << 20)\n" " msr cpacr_el1, x30\n" " isb\n" "\n" " /* Zero out the bss section. */\n" " adr_l x29, bss_begin\n" " adr_l x30, bss_end\n" "0: cmp x29, x30\n" " b.hs 1f\n" " stp xzr, xzr, [x29], #16\n" " b 0b\n" "\n" "1: /* Prepare the stack. */\n" " adr_l x30, boot_stack_end\n" " mov sp, x30\n" "\n" " /* Set up exception vector. */\n" " adr x30, vector_table_el1\n" " msr vbar_el1, x30\n" "\n" " /* Call into Rust code. */\n" " bl main\n" "\n" " /* Loop forever waiting for interrupts. */\n" "2: wfi\n" " b 2b\n" "```" msgstr "" "```armasm\n" ".section .init.entry, \"ax\"\n" ".global entry\n" "intrare:\n" " /*\n" " * Încărcați și aplicați configurația de gestionare a memoriei, " "pregătită pentru a activa MMU și\n" " * memoria cache.\n" " */\n" " adrp x30, idmap\n" " msr ttbr0_el1, x30\n" "\n" " mov_i x30, .Lmairval\n" " msr mair_el1, x30\n" "\n" " mov_i x30, .Ltcrval\n" " /* Copiază intervalul PA acceptat în TCR_EL1.IPS. */\n" " mrs x29, id_aa64mmfr0_el1\n" " bfi x30, x29, #32, #4\n" "\n" " msr tcr_el1, x30\n" "\n" " mov_i x30, .Lsctlrval\n" "\n" " /*\n" " * Asigură-te că tot ceea ce a precedat acest punct s-a finalizat, apoi " "invalidează orice\n" " * toate intrările TLB locale potențial vechi înainte de a începe să fie " "utilizate.\n" " */\n" " isb\n" " tlbi vmalle1\n" " ic iallu\n" " dsb nsh\n" " isb\n" "\n" " /*\n" " * Configurați sctlr_el1 pentru a activa MMU și memoria cache și nu " "continuați până când acest lucru\n" " * nu este finalizată.\n" " */\n" " msr sctlr_el1, x30\n" " isb\n" "\n" " /* Dezactivează captarea accesului în virgulă mobilă în EL1. */\n" " mrs x30, cpacr_el1\n" " orr x30, x30, #(0x3 << 20)\n" " msr cpacr_el1, x30\n" " isb\n" "\n" " /* Elimină secțiunea bss. */\n" " adr_l x29, bss_begin\n" " adr_l x30, bss_end\n" "0: cmp x29, x30\n" " b.hs 1f\n" " stp xzr, xzr, [x29], #16\n" " b 0b\n" "\n" "1: /* Pregătește stiva. */\n" " adr_l x30, boot_stack_end\n" " mov sp, x30\n" "\n" " /* Setează vectorul de excepție. */\n" " adr x30, vector_table_el1\n" " msr vbar_el1, x30\n" "\n" " /* Apel în codul Rust. */\n" " bl main\n" "\n" " /* Buclă veșnică în așteptarea întreruperilor. */\n" "2: wfi\n" " b 2b\n" "```" #: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "This is the same as it would be for C: initialising the processor state, " "zeroing the BSS, and setting up the stack pointer." msgstr "" "Aceasta este aceeași ca și în C: inițializarea stării procesorului, anularea " "BSS și stabilirea pointerului de stivă." #: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The BSS (block starting symbol, for historical reasons) is the part of the " "object file which containing statically allocated variables which are " "initialised to zero. They are omitted from the image, to avoid wasting space " "on zeroes. The compiler assumes that the loader will take care of zeroing " "them." msgstr "" "BSS (simbolul de pornire al blocului, din motive istorice) este partea din " "fișierul obiect care conține variabilele alocate static care sunt " "inițializate la zero. Acestea sunt omise din imagine, pentru a se evita " "risipa de spațiu cu zerouri. Compilatorul pornește de la premisa că " "încărcătorul se va ocupa de punerea lor la zero." #: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The BSS may already be zeroed, depending on how memory is initialised and " "the image is loaded, but we zero it to be sure." msgstr "" "Este posibil ca BSS să fie deja zero, în funcție de modul în care memoria " "este inițializată și imaginea este încărcată, dar trebuie să îl punem la " "zero pentru a fi siguri." #: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "We need to enable the MMU and cache before reading or writing any memory. If " "we don't:" msgstr "" "Trebuie să activăm MMU și memoria cache înainte de a citi sau scrie în " "memorie. Dacă nu o facem:" #: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Unaligned accesses will fault. We build the Rust code for the `aarch64-" "unknown-none` target which sets `+strict-align` to prevent the compiler " "generating unaligned accesses, so it should be fine in this case, but this " "is not necessarily the case in general." msgstr "" "Accesările nealiniate vor fi defectuoase. Noi construim codul Rust pentru " "ținta `aarch64-unknown-none` care setează `+strict-align` pentru a preveni " "compilatorul să genereze accese nealiniate, deci ar trebui să fie în regulă " "în acest caz, dar nu este neapărat cazul în general." #: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "If it were running in a VM, this can lead to cache coherency issues. The " "problem is that the VM is accessing memory directly with the cache disabled, " "while the host has cacheable aliases to the same memory. Even if the host " "doesn't explicitly access the memory, speculative accesses can lead to cache " "fills, and then changes from one or the other will get lost when the cache " "is cleaned or the VM enables the cache. (Cache is keyed by physical address, " "not VA or IPA.)" msgstr "" "Dacă ar fi rulat într-o mașină virtuală, acest lucru poate duce la probleme " "de coerență a memoriei cache. Problema constă în faptul că mașina virtuală " "accesează memoria direct, cu memoria cache dezactivată, în timp ce gazda are " "alias-uri care pot fi stocate în memoria cache pentru aceeași memorie. Chiar " "dacă gazda nu accesează în mod explicit memoria, accesările speculative pot " "duce la umplerea memoriei cache, iar apoi modificările de la unul sau de la " "celălalt se vor pierde atunci când memoria cache este curățată sau când VM " "activează memoria cache. (Memoria cache este codificată în funcție de adresa " "fizică, nu de VA sau IPA)" #: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "For simplicity, we just use a hardcoded pagetable (see `idmap.S`) which " "identity maps the first 1 GiB of address space for devices, the next 1 GiB " "for DRAM, and another 1 GiB higher up for more devices. This matches the " "memory layout that QEMU uses." msgstr "" "Pentru simplitate, folosim doar o tabelă de pagini codificată (a se vedea " "`idmap.S`) care mapează identitar primul 1 GiB de spațiu de adrese pentru " "dispozitive, următorul 1 GiB pentru DRAM și încă 1 GiB mai sus pentru mai " "multe dispozitive. Acest lucru se potrivește cu dispunerea memoriei pe care " "o folosește QEMU." #: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "We also set up the exception vector (`vbar_el1`), which we'll see more about " "later." msgstr "" "De asemenea, am configurat vectorul de excepții (`vbar_el1`), despre care " "vom vedea mai multe mai târziu." #: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "All examples this afternoon assume we will be running at exception level 1 " "(EL1). If you need to run at a different exception level you'll need to " "modify `entry.S` accordingly." msgstr "" "Toate exemplele din această după-amiază presupun că vom funcționa la nivelul " "de excepție 1 (EL1). Dacă aveți nevoie să rulați la un alt nivel de " "excepție, va trebui să modificați `entry.S` în consecință." #: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md #, fuzzy msgid "Inline assembly" msgstr "Ansamblu în linie" #: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Sometimes we need to use assembly to do things that aren't possible with " "Rust code. For example, to make an HVC (hypervisor call) to tell the " "firmware to power off the system:" msgstr "" "Uneori trebuie să folosim asamblarea pentru a face lucruri care nu sunt " "posibile cu codul Rust. De exemplu, pentru a face un apel HVC (hypervisor " "call) pentru a spune firmware-ului să oprească sistemul:" #: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md msgid "" "// Safe because this only uses the declared registers and doesn't do\n" " // anything with memory.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md msgid "\"hvc #0\"" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md msgid "\"w0\"" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md msgid "\"w1\"" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md msgid "\"w2\"" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md msgid "\"w3\"" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md msgid "\"w4\"" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md msgid "\"w5\"" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md msgid "\"w6\"" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md msgid "\"w7\"" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "(If you actually want to do this, use the [`smccc`](https://crates.io/crates/" "smccc) crate which has wrappers for all these functions.)" msgstr "" "(Dacă doriți să faceți acest lucru, folosiți crăiasa [`smccc`](https://" "crates.io/crates/smccc) care are învelișuri pentru toate aceste funcții.)" #: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "PSCI is the Arm Power State Coordination Interface, a standard set of " "functions to manage system and CPU power states, among other things. It is " "implemented by EL3 firmware and hypervisors on many systems." msgstr "" "PSCI este Interfața de coordonare a stării de alimentare a brațului, un set " "standard de funcții pentru gestionarea stării de alimentare a sistemului și " "a procesorului, printre altele. Este implementată de firmware-ul EL3 și de " "hipervizoarele de pe multe sisteme." #: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The `0 => _` syntax means initialise the register to 0 before running the " "inline assembly code, and ignore its contents afterwards. We need to use " "`inout` rather than `in` because the call could potentially clobber the " "contents of the registers." msgstr "" "Sintaxa `0 => _` înseamnă inițializarea registrului la 0 înainte de a rula " "codul de asamblare în linie și ignorarea conținutului acestuia după aceea. " "Trebuie să folosim mai degrabă `inout` decât `in` deoarece apelul ar putea " "să distrugă conținutul registrelor." #: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "This `main` function needs to be `#[no_mangle]` and `extern \"C\"` because " "it is called from our entry point in `entry.S`." msgstr "" "Această funcție `main` trebuie să fie `#[no_mangle]` și `extern \"C\"` " "deoarece este apelată din punctul nostru de intrare în `entry.S`." #: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`_x0`–`_x3` are the values of registers `x0`–`x3`, which are conventionally " "used by the bootloader to pass things like a pointer to the device tree. " "According to the standard aarch64 calling convention (which is what `extern " "\"C\"` specifies to use), registers `x0`–`x7` are used for the first 8 " "arguments passed to a function, so `entry.S` doesn't need to do anything " "special except make sure it doesn't change these registers." msgstr "" "`_x0`-`_x3` sunt valorile registrelor `x0`-`x3`, care sunt utilizate în mod " "convențional de către bootloader pentru a transmite lucruri precum un " "pointer la arborele de dispozitive. În conformitate cu convenția standard de " "apelare aarch64 (care este cea pe care `extern \"C\"` specifică să o " "folosească), registrele `x0`-`x7` sunt folosite pentru primele 8 argumente " "transmise unei funcții, astfel încât `entry.S` nu trebuie să facă nimic " "special, cu excepția faptului că trebuie să se asigure că nu modifică aceste " "registre." #: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Run the example in QEMU with `make qemu_psci` under `src/bare-metal/aps/" "examples`." msgstr "" "Rulați exemplul în QEMU cu `make qemu_psci` în `src/bare-metal/aps/examples`." #: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md #, fuzzy msgid "Volatile memory access for MMIO" msgstr "Acces la memoria volatilă pentru MMIO" #: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md #, fuzzy msgid "Use `pointer::read_volatile` and `pointer::write_volatile`." msgstr "Utilizați `pointer::read_volatile` și `pointer::write_volatile`." #: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md #, fuzzy msgid "Never hold a reference." msgstr "Nu țineți niciodată o referință." #: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`addr_of!` lets you get fields of structs without creating an intermediate " "reference." msgstr "" "`addr_of!` vă permite să obțineți câmpurile structurilor fără a crea o " "referință intermediară." #: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Volatile access: read or write operations may have side-effects, so prevent " "the compiler or hardware from reordering, duplicating or eliding them." msgstr "" "Acces volatil: Operațiunile de citire sau scriere pot avea efecte secundare, " "deci împiedicați compilatorul sau hardware-ul să le reordoneze, să le " "dubleze sau să le eludeze." #: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Usually if you write and then read, e.g. via a mutable reference, the " "compiler may assume that the value read is the same as the value just " "written, and not bother actually reading memory." msgstr "" "De obicei, dacă scrieți și apoi citiți, de exemplu, prin intermediul unei " "referințe mutabile, compilatorul poate presupune că valoarea citită este " "aceeași cu cea care tocmai a fost scrisă și nu se mai obosește să citească " "efectiv memoria." #: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Some existing crates for volatile access to hardware do hold references, but " "this is unsound. Whenever a reference exist, the compiler may choose to " "dereference it." msgstr "" "Unele cutii existente pentru accesul volatil la hardware conțin referințe, " "dar acest lucru nu este corect. Ori de câte ori există o referință, " "compilatorul poate alege să o deregleze." #: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Use the `addr_of!` macro to get struct field pointers from a pointer to the " "struct." msgstr "" "Utilizați macroul `addr_of!` pentru a obține pointeri de câmpuri de " "structură dintr-un pointer la structură." #: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md #, fuzzy msgid "Let's write a UART driver" msgstr "Să scriem un driver UART" #: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The QEMU 'virt' machine has a [PL011](https://developer.arm.com/" "documentation/ddi0183/g) UART, so let's write a driver for that." msgstr "" "Mașina QEMU 'virt' are o UART [PL011](https://developer.arm.com/" "documentation/ddi0183/g), așa că haideți să scriem un driver pentru aceasta." #: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md msgid "/// Minimal driver for a PL011 UART.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md msgid "" "/// Constructs a new instance of the UART driver for a PL011 device at the\n" " /// given base address.\n" " ///\n" " /// # Safety\n" " ///\n" " /// The given base address must point to the 8 MMIO control registers of " "a\n" " /// PL011 device, which must be mapped into the address space of the " "process\n" " /// as device memory and not have any other aliases.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "/// Writes a single byte to the UART.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "// Wait until there is room in the TX buffer.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md msgid "" "// Safe because we know that the base address points to the control\n" " // registers of a PL011 device which is appropriately mapped.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "// Write to the TX buffer.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "// Wait until the UART is no longer busy.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Note that `Uart::new` is unsafe while the other methods are safe. This is " "because as long as the caller of `Uart::new` guarantees that its safety " "requirements are met (i.e. that there is only ever one instance of the " "driver for a given UART, and nothing else aliasing its address space), then " "it is always safe to call `write_byte` later because we can assume the " "necessary preconditions." msgstr "" "Rețineți că `Uart::new` este nesigură, în timp ce celelalte metode sunt " "sigure. Acest lucru se datorează faptului că, atâta timp cât apelantul lui " "`Uart::new` garantează că cerințele sale de siguranță sunt îndeplinite (de " "exemplu, că există doar o singură instanță a driverului pentru o anumită " "UART și nimic altceva care să se alăture spațiului său de adrese), atunci " "este întotdeauna sigur să apelăm mai târziu `write_byte`, deoarece putem " "presupune condițiile prealabile necesare." #: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "We could have done it the other way around (making `new` safe but " "`write_byte` unsafe), but that would be much less convenient to use as every " "place that calls `write_byte` would need to reason about the safety" msgstr "" "Am fi putut face invers (făcând `new` sigur, dar `write_byte` nesigur), dar " "ar fi fost mult mai puțin convenabil de utilizat, deoarece fiecare loc care " "apelează `write_byte` ar trebui să se gândească la siguranța lui `write_byte`" #: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "This is a common pattern for writing safe wrappers of unsafe code: moving " "the burden of proof for soundness from a large number of places to a smaller " "number of places." msgstr "" "Acesta este un model comun pentru scrierea de învelișuri sigure pentru cod " "nesigur: mutarea sarcinii de a dovedi soliditatea de la un număr mare de " "locuri la un număr mai mic de locuri." #: src/bare-metal/aps/uart/traits.md #, fuzzy msgid "More traits" msgstr "Mai multe trăsături" #: src/bare-metal/aps/uart/traits.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "We derived the `Debug` trait. It would be useful to implement a few more " "traits too." msgstr "" "Am derivat trăsătura `Debug`. Ar fi util să implementăm și alte câteva " "trăsături." #: src/bare-metal/aps/uart/traits.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "" "// Safe because it just contains a pointer to device memory, which can be\n" "// accessed from any context.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/uart/traits.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Implementing `Write` lets us use the `write!` and `writeln!` macros with our " "`Uart` type." msgstr "" "Implementarea `Write` ne permite să folosim macrogramele `write!` și " "`writeln!` cu tipul nostru `Uart`." #: src/bare-metal/aps/uart/traits.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Run the example in QEMU with `make qemu_minimal` under `src/bare-metal/aps/" "examples`." msgstr "" "Rulați exemplul în QEMU cu `make qemu_minimal` în `src/bare-metal/aps/" "examples`." #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md #, fuzzy msgid "A better UART driver" msgstr "Un driver UART mai bun" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The PL011 actually has [a bunch more registers](https://developer.arm.com/" "documentation/ddi0183/g/programmers-model/summary-of-registers), and adding " "offsets to construct pointers to access them is error-prone and hard to " "read. Plus, some of them are bit fields which would be nice to access in a " "structured way." msgstr "" "PL011 are de fapt [o grămadă de registre](https://developer.arm.com/" "documentation/ddi0183/g/programmers-model/summary-of-registers), iar " "adăugarea de offset-uri pentru a construi pointeri pentru a le accesa este " "predispusă la erori și greu de citit. În plus, unele dintre ele sunt câmpuri " "de biți care ar fi frumos să fie accesate într-un mod structurat." #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "Offset" msgstr "Decalaj" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md #, fuzzy msgid "Register name" msgstr "Nume registru" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "Width" msgstr "Lăţime" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md #, fuzzy msgid "0x00" msgstr "0x00" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md #, fuzzy msgid "DR" msgstr "DR" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "12" msgstr "12" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md #, fuzzy msgid "0x04" msgstr "0x04" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md #, fuzzy msgid "RSR" msgstr "RSR" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md #, fuzzy msgid "0x18" msgstr "0x18" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "FR" msgstr "V" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "9" msgstr "9" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md #, fuzzy msgid "0x20" msgstr "0x20" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md #, fuzzy msgid "ILPR" msgstr "ILPR" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md #, fuzzy msgid "0x24" msgstr "0x24" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md #, fuzzy msgid "IBRD" msgstr "IBRD" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md #, fuzzy msgid "16" msgstr "16" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md #, fuzzy msgid "0x28" msgstr "0x28" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md #, fuzzy msgid "FBRD" msgstr "FBRD" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md #, fuzzy msgid "0x2c" msgstr "0x2c" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md #, fuzzy msgid "LCR_H" msgstr "LCR_H" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md #, fuzzy msgid "0x30" msgstr "0x30" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "CR" msgstr "GD" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md #, fuzzy msgid "0x34" msgstr "0x34" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md #, fuzzy msgid "IFLS" msgstr "IFLS" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md #, fuzzy msgid "0x38" msgstr "0x38" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md #, fuzzy msgid "IMSC" msgstr "IMSC" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "11" msgstr "11" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md #, fuzzy msgid "0x3c" msgstr "0x3c" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md #, fuzzy msgid "RIS" msgstr "RIS" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md #, fuzzy msgid "0x40" msgstr "0x40" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md #, fuzzy msgid "MIS" msgstr "MIS" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md #, fuzzy msgid "0x44" msgstr "0x44" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md #, fuzzy msgid "ICR" msgstr "ICR" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md #, fuzzy msgid "0x48" msgstr "0x48" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md #, fuzzy msgid "DMACR" msgstr "DMACR" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md #, fuzzy msgid "There are also some ID registers which have been omitted for brevity." msgstr "" "Există, de asemenea, unele registre de identificare care au fost omise " "pentru a fi mai scurte." #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The [`bitflags`](https://crates.io/crates/bitflags) crate is useful for " "working with bitflags." msgstr "" "Crăiasa [`bitflags`](https://crates.io/crates/bitflags) este utilă pentru a " "lucra cu bitflags." #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "/// Flags from the UART flag register.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "/// Clear to send.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "/// Data set ready.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "/// Data carrier detect.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "/// UART busy transmitting data.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "/// Receive FIFO is empty.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "/// Transmit FIFO is full.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "/// Receive FIFO is full.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "/// Transmit FIFO is empty.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "/// Ring indicator.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The `bitflags!` macro creates a newtype something like `Flags(u16)`, along " "with a bunch of method implementations to get and set flags." msgstr "" "Macroul `bitflags!` creează un nou tip, ceva de genul `Flags(u16)`, împreună " "cu o serie de implementări de metode pentru a obține și seta steaguri." #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/registers.md #, fuzzy msgid "Multiple registers" msgstr "Registre multiple" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/registers.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "We can use a struct to represent the memory layout of the UART's registers." msgstr "" "Putem folosi o structură pentru a reprezenta structura de memorie a " "registrelor UART." #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/registers.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`#[repr(C)]`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/type-layout.html#the-c-" "representation) tells the compiler to lay the struct fields out in order, " "following the same rules as C. This is necessary for our struct to have a " "predictable layout, as default Rust representation allows the compiler to " "(among other things) reorder fields however it sees fit." msgstr "" "[`#[repr(C)]`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/type-layout.html#the-c-" "representation) îi spune compilatorului să așeze câmpurile structurii în " "ordine, urmând aceleași reguli ca și în C. Acest lucru este necesar pentru " "ca structura noastră să aibă o dispunere previzibilă, deoarece reprezentarea " "implicită Rust permite compilatorului (printre altele) să reordoneze " "câmpurile după cum crede de cuviință." #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md #, fuzzy msgid "Now let's use the new `Registers` struct in our driver." msgstr "Acum să folosim noua structură `Registers` în driverul nostru." #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md msgid "/// Driver for a PL011 UART.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "" "// Safe because we know that self.registers points to the control\n" " // registers of a PL011 device which is appropriately mapped.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "" "/// Reads and returns a pending byte, or `None` if nothing has been\n" " /// received.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "// TODO: Check for error conditions in bits 8-11.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Note the use of `addr_of!` / `addr_of_mut!` to get pointers to individual " "fields without creating an intermediate reference, which would be unsound." msgstr "" "Rețineți utilizarea lui `addr_of!` / `addr_of_mut!` pentru a obține pointeri " "la câmpuri individuale fără a crea o referință intermediară, ceea ce ar fi " "nesigur." #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md #, fuzzy msgid "Using it" msgstr "Folosirea Cargo" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Let's write a small program using our driver to write to the serial console, " "and echo incoming bytes." msgstr "" "Să scriem un mic program care utilizează driverul nostru pentru a scrie pe " "consola serială și pentru a reda ecourile octeților care intră." #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "/// Base address of the primary PL011 UART.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "" "// Safe because `PL011_BASE_ADDRESS` is the base address of a PL011 device,\n" " // and nothing else accesses that address range.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md msgid "\"main({x0:#x}, {x1:#x}, {x2:#x}, {x3:#x})\"" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md msgid "b'\\r'" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md msgid "b'\\n'" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md msgid "b'q'" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md msgid "\"Bye!\"" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "As in the [inline assembly](../inline-assembly.md) example, this `main` " "function is called from our entry point code in `entry.S`. See the speaker " "notes there for details." msgstr "" "Ca și în exemplul [inline assembly](../inline-assembly.md), această funcție " "`main` este apelată din codul punctului de intrare în `entry.S`. Pentru " "detalii, consultați notele vorbitorului de acolo." #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Run the example in QEMU with `make qemu` under `src/bare-metal/aps/examples`." msgstr "" "Rulați exemplul în QEMU cu `make qemu` în `src/bare-metal/aps/examples`." #: src/bare-metal/aps/logging.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "It would be nice to be able to use the logging macros from the [`log`]" "(https://crates.io/crates/log) crate. We can do this by implementing the " "`Log` trait." msgstr "" "Ar fi frumos să putem folosi macrogramele de logare de la [`log`](https://" "crates.io/crates/log) crate. Putem face acest lucru prin implementarea " "trăsăturii `Log`." #: src/bare-metal/aps/logging.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "\"[{}] {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/logging.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "/// Initialises UART logger.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/logging.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The unwrap in `log` is safe because we initialise `LOGGER` before calling " "`set_logger`." msgstr "" "Desfășurarea în `log` este sigură deoarece inițializăm `LOGGER` înainte de a " "apela `set_logger`." #: src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md #, fuzzy msgid "We need to initialise the logger before we use it." msgstr "Trebuie să inițializăm loggerul înainte de a-l utiliza." #: src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"{info}\"" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md #, fuzzy msgid "Note that our panic handler can now log details of panics." msgstr "" "Rețineți că gestionarul nostru de panică poate acum să înregistreze " "detaliile panicii." #: src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Run the example in QEMU with `make qemu_logger` under `src/bare-metal/aps/" "examples`." msgstr "" "Rulați exemplul în QEMU cu `make qemu_logger` în `src/bare-metal/aps/" "examples`." #: src/bare-metal/aps/exceptions.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "AArch64 defines an exception vector table with 16 entries, for 4 types of " "exceptions (synchronous, IRQ, FIQ, SError) from 4 states (current EL with " "SP0, current EL with SPx, lower EL using AArch64, lower EL using AArch32). " "We implement this in assembly to save volatile registers to the stack before " "calling into Rust code:" msgstr "" "AArch64 definește un tabel de vectori de excepții cu 16 intrări, pentru 4 " "tipuri de excepții (sincronă, IRQ, FIQ, SError) din 4 stări (EL curent cu " "SP0, EL curent cu SPx, EL inferior utilizând AArch64, EL inferior utilizând " "AArch32). Implementăm acest lucru în asamblare pentru a salva registrele " "volatile pe stivă înainte de a apela în codul Rust:" #: src/bare-metal/aps/exceptions.md #, fuzzy msgid "EL is exception level; all our examples this afternoon run in EL1." msgstr "" "EL reprezintă nivelul de excepție; toate exemplele noastre din această după-" "amiază rulează în EL1." #: src/bare-metal/aps/exceptions.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "For simplicity we aren't distinguishing between SP0 and SPx for the current " "EL exceptions, or between AArch32 and AArch64 for the lower EL exceptions." msgstr "" "Pentru simplificare, nu facem distincție între SP0 și SPx pentru excepțiile " "EL curente, sau între AArch32 și AArch64 pentru excepțiile EL inferioare." #: src/bare-metal/aps/exceptions.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "For this example we just log the exception and power down, as we don't " "expect any of them to actually happen." msgstr "" "Pentru acest exemplu, ne limităm la înregistrarea excepției și la oprirea " "alimentării, deoarece nu ne așteptăm ca vreuna dintre acestea să se întâmple." #: src/bare-metal/aps/exceptions.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "We can think of exception handlers and our main execution context more or " "less like different threads. [`Send` and `Sync`](../../concurrency/send-sync." "md) will control what we can share between them, just like with threads. For " "example, if we want to share some value between exception handlers and the " "rest of the program, and it's `Send` but not `Sync`, then we'll need to wrap " "it in something like a `Mutex` and put it in a static." msgstr "" "Ne putem gândi la gestionarii de excepții și la contextul nostru principal " "de execuție mai mult sau mai puțin ca la fire diferite. [`Send` și `Sync`]" "(../../concurrency/send-sync.md) vor controla ceea ce putem partaja între " "ele, la fel ca în cazul firelor de execuție. De exemplu, dacă dorim să " "partajăm o anumită valoare între gestionarii de excepții și restul " "programului, iar aceasta este `Send`, dar nu `Sync`, atunci va trebui să o " "înfășurăm în ceva de genul `Mutex` și să o punem într-o statică." #: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md #, fuzzy msgid "[oreboot](https://github.com/oreboot/oreboot)" msgstr "[oreboot](https://github.com/oreboot/oreboot)" #: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"coreboot without the C\"" msgstr "\"coreboot fără C\"" #: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md #, fuzzy msgid "Supports x86, aarch64 and RISC-V." msgstr "Suportă x86, aarch64 și RISC-V." #: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md #, fuzzy msgid "Relies on LinuxBoot rather than having many drivers itself." msgstr "Se bazează pe LinuxBoot în loc să aibă multe drivere." #: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[Rust RaspberryPi OS tutorial](https://github.com/rust-embedded/rust-" "raspberrypi-OS-tutorials)" msgstr "" "[Tutorial Rust RaspberryPi OS](https://github.com/rust-embedded/rust-" "raspberrypi-OS-tutorials)" #: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Initialisation, UART driver, simple bootloader, JTAG, exception levels, " "exception handling, page tables" msgstr "" "Inițializare, driver UART, bootloader simplu, JTAG, niveluri de excepție, " "tratarea excepțiilor, tabele de pagini" #: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Some dodginess around cache maintenance and initialisation in Rust, not " "necessarily a good example to copy for production code." msgstr "" "Unele dificultăți în ceea ce privește întreținerea și inițializarea cache-" "ului în Rust, nu neapărat un exemplu bun de copiat pentru codul de producție." #: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md #, fuzzy msgid "[`cargo-call-stack`](https://crates.io/crates/cargo-call-stack)" msgstr "[`cargo-call-stack`](https://crates.io/crates/cargo-call-stack)" #: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md #, fuzzy msgid "Static analysis to determine maximum stack usage." msgstr "Analiza statică pentru a determina utilizarea maximă a stivei." #: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The RaspberryPi OS tutorial runs Rust code before the MMU and caches are " "enabled. This will read and write memory (e.g. the stack). However:" msgstr "" "Tutorialul RaspberryPi OS rulează codul Rust înainte ca MMU și memoria cache " "să fie activate. Aceasta va citi și va scrie în memorie (de exemplu, stiva). " "Cu toate acestea:" #: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Without the MMU and cache, unaligned accesses will fault. It builds with " "`aarch64-unknown-none` which sets `+strict-align` to prevent the compiler " "generating unaligned accesses so it should be alright, but this is not " "necessarily the case in general." msgstr "" "Fără MMU și memoria cache, accesările nealiniate vor eșua. Se construiește " "cu `aarch64-unknown-none`, care setează `+strict-align` pentru a împiedica " "compilatorul să genereze accese nealiniate, deci ar trebui să fie în regulă, " "dar acest lucru nu este neapărat valabil în general." #: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "If it were running in a VM, this can lead to cache coherency issues. The " "problem is that the VM is accessing memory directly with the cache disabled, " "while the host has cacheable aliases to the same memory. Even if the host " "doesn't explicitly access the memory, speculative accesses can lead to cache " "fills, and then changes from one or the other will get lost. Again this is " "alright in this particular case (running directly on the hardware with no " "hypervisor), but isn't a good pattern in general." msgstr "" "Dacă ar fi rulat într-o mașină virtuală, acest lucru poate duce la probleme " "de coerență a memoriei cache. Problema constă în faptul că mașina virtuală " "accesează memoria direct, cu memoria cache dezactivată, în timp ce gazda are " "alias-uri care pot fi stocate în memoria cache pentru aceeași memorie. Chiar " "dacă gazda nu accesează în mod explicit memoria, accesările speculative pot " "duce la umplerea cache-ului, iar apoi modificările de la unul sau de la " "celălalt se vor pierde. Din nou, acest lucru este în regulă în acest caz " "particular (care rulează direct pe hardware fără hipervizor), dar nu este un " "model bun în general." #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates.md msgid "Useful crates" msgstr "Lăzi (crates) utile" #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "We'll go over a few crates which solve some common problems in bare-metal " "programming." msgstr "" "Vom trece în revistă câteva crates care rezolvă unele probleme comune în " "programarea bare-metal." #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The [`zerocopy`](https://docs.rs/zerocopy/) crate (from Fuchsia) provides " "traits and macros for safely converting between byte sequences and other " "types." msgstr "" "Crăiasa [`zerocopy`](https://docs.rs/zerocopy/) (din Fuchsia) oferă " "trăsături și macro-uri pentru conversia în siguranță între secvențe de " "octeți și alte tipuri." #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "This is not suitable for MMIO (as it doesn't use volatile reads and writes), " "but can be useful for working with structures shared with hardware e.g. by " "DMA, or sent over some external interface." msgstr "" "Acest lucru nu este potrivit pentru MMIO (deoarece nu utilizează citiri și " "scrieri volatile), dar poate fi util pentru lucrul cu structuri partajate cu " "hardware, de exemplu prin DMA, sau trimise prin intermediul unei interfețe " "externe." #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`FromBytes` can be implemented for types for which any byte pattern is " "valid, and so can safely be converted from an untrusted sequence of bytes." msgstr "" "`FromBytes` poate fi implementat pentru tipurile pentru care orice model de " "octeți este valabil și, prin urmare, poate fi convertit în siguranță dintr-o " "secvență de octeți nesigură." #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Attempting to derive `FromBytes` for these types would fail, because " "`RequestType` doesn't use all possible u32 values as discriminants, so not " "all byte patterns are valid." msgstr "" "Încercarea de a deriva `FromBytes` pentru aceste tipuri ar eșua, deoarece " "`RequestType` nu utilizează toate valorile u32 posibile ca discriminanți, " "astfel încât nu toate modelele de octeți sunt valide." #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`zerocopy::byteorder` has types for byte-order aware numeric primitives." msgstr "" "`zerocopy::byteorder` are tipuri pentru primitive numerice care cunosc " "ordinea octeților." #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Run the example with `cargo run` under `src/bare-metal/useful-crates/" "zerocopy-example/`. (It won't run in the Playground because of the crate " "dependency.)" msgstr "" "Rulați exemplul cu `cargo run` în `src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy-" "example/`. (Nu va rula în Playground din cauza dependenței de crate)" #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The [`aarch64-paging`](https://crates.io/crates/aarch64-paging) crate lets " "you create page tables according to the AArch64 Virtual Memory System " "Architecture." msgstr "" "Crăiasa [`aarch64-paging`](https://crates.io/crates/aarch64-paging) vă " "permite să creați tabele de pagini în conformitate cu arhitectura sistemului " "de memorie virtuală AArch64." #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md msgid "// Create a new page table with identity mapping.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md msgid "// Map a 2 MiB region of memory as read-only.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md msgid "// Set `TTBR0_EL1` to activate the page table.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "For now it only supports EL1, but support for other exception levels should " "be straightforward to add." msgstr "" "Deocamdată, acceptă doar EL1, dar ar trebui să fie ușor de adăugat suportul " "pentru alte niveluri de excepție." #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "This is used in Android for the [Protected VM Firmware](https://cs.android." "com/android/platform/superproject/+/master:packages/modules/Virtualization/" "pvmfw/)." msgstr "" "Aceasta este utilizată în Android pentru [Protected VM Firmware] (https://cs." "android.com/android/platform/superproject/+/master:packages/modules/" "Virtualization/pvmfw/)." #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "There's no easy way to run this example, as it needs to run on real hardware " "or under QEMU." msgstr "" "Nu există o modalitate ușoară de a rula acest exemplu, deoarece trebuie să " "ruleze pe hardware real sau în QEMU." #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/buddy_system_allocator.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`buddy_system_allocator`](https://crates.io/crates/buddy_system_allocator) " "is a third-party crate implementing a basic buddy system allocator. It can " "be used both for [`LockedHeap`](https://docs.rs/buddy_system_allocator/0.9.0/" "buddy_system_allocator/struct.LockedHeap.html) implementing [`GlobalAlloc`]" "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/core/alloc/trait.GlobalAlloc.html) so you can use " "the standard `alloc` crate (as we saw [before](../alloc.md)), or for " "allocating other address space. For example, we might want to allocate MMIO " "space for PCI BARs:" msgstr "" "[`buddy_system_allocator`](https://crates.io/crates/buddy_system_allocator) " "este o crăiasă terță parte care implementează un alocator de bază pentru " "sistemul de prieteni. Acesta poate fi utilizat atât pentru [`LockedHeap`]" "(https://docs.rs/buddy_system_allocator/0.9.0/buddy_system_allocator/struct." "LockedHeap.html) care implementează [`GlobalAlloc`](https://doc.rust-lang." "org/core/alloc/trait.GlobalAlloc.html), astfel încât să puteți utiliza crate-" "ul standard `alloc` (așa cum am văzut [înainte](../alloc.md)), cât și pentru " "alocarea altor spații de adrese. De exemplu, am putea dori să alocăm spațiu " "MMIO pentru BAR-uri PCI:" #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/buddy_system_allocator.md #, fuzzy msgid "PCI BARs always have alignment equal to their size." msgstr "BAR-urile PCI au întotdeauna o aliniere egală cu dimensiunea lor." #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/buddy_system_allocator.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Run the example with `cargo run` under `src/bare-metal/useful-crates/" "allocator-example/`. (It won't run in the Playground because of the crate " "dependency.)" msgstr "" "Rulați exemplul cu `cargo run` în `src/bare-metal/useful-crates/allocator-" "example/`. (Nu va rula în Playground din cauza dependenței de crate)" #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/tinyvec.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Sometimes you want something which can be resized like a `Vec`, but without " "heap allocation. [`tinyvec`](https://crates.io/crates/tinyvec) provides " "this: a vector backed by an array or slice, which could be statically " "allocated or on the stack, which keeps track of how many elements are used " "and panics if you try to use more than are allocated." msgstr "" "Uneori doriți ceva care poate fi redimensionat ca un `Vec`, dar fără alocare " "de heap. [`tinyvec`](https://crates.io/crates/tinyvec) oferă acest lucru: un " "vector susținut de o matrice sau de o felie, care poate fi alocat static sau " "pe stivă, care ține evidența numărului de elemente utilizate și intră în " "panică dacă încercați să utilizați mai multe decât sunt alocate." #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/tinyvec.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`tinyvec` requires that the element type implement `Default` for " "initialisation." msgstr "" "`tinyvec` necesită ca tipul de element să implementeze `Default` pentru " "inițializare." #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/tinyvec.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The Rust Playground includes `tinyvec`, so this example will run fine inline." msgstr "" "Rust Playground include `tinyvec`, deci acest exemplu va rula bine în linie." #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`std::sync::Mutex` and the other synchronisation primitives from `std::sync` " "are not available in `core` or `alloc`. How can we manage synchronisation or " "interior mutability, such as for sharing state between different CPUs?" msgstr "" "`std::sync::Mutex` și celelalte primitive de sincronizare din `std::sync` nu " "sunt disponibile în `core` sau `alloc`. Cum putem gestiona sincronizarea sau " "mutabilitatea interioară, cum ar fi pentru partajarea stării între diferite " "unități centrale de procesare?" #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The [`spin`](https://crates.io/crates/spin) crate provides spinlock-based " "equivalents of many of these primitives." msgstr "" "Crăiasa [`spin`](https://crates.io/crates/spin) oferă echivalente bazate pe " "spinlock pentru multe dintre aceste primitive." #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md #, fuzzy msgid "Be careful to avoid deadlock if you take locks in interrupt handlers." msgstr "" "Aveți grijă să evitați blocajul dacă luați blocaje în gestionarii de " "întreruperi." #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`spin` also has a ticket lock mutex implementation; equivalents of `RwLock`, " "`Barrier` and `Once` from `std::sync`; and `Lazy` for lazy initialisation." msgstr "" "`spin` are, de asemenea, o implementare a unui mutex de blocare a biletului; " "echivalenți ai lui `RwLock`, `Barrier` și `Once` din `std::sync`; și `Lazy` " "pentru inițializare leneșă." #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The [`once_cell`](https://crates.io/crates/once_cell) crate also has some " "useful types for late initialisation with a slightly different approach to " "`spin::once::Once`." msgstr "" "Crăiasa [`once_cell`](https://crates.io/crates/once_cell) are, de asemenea, " "câteva tipuri utile pentru inițializarea târzie cu o abordare ușor diferită " "de `spin::once::Once`." #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The Rust Playground includes `spin`, so this example will run fine inline." msgstr "" "Rust Playground include `spin`, astfel că acest exemplu va rula fără " "probleme în linie." #: src/bare-metal/android.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "To build a bare-metal Rust binary in AOSP, you need to use a " "`rust_ffi_static` Soong rule to build your Rust code, then a `cc_binary` " "with a linker script to produce the binary itself, and then a `raw_binary` " "to convert the ELF to a raw binary ready to be run." msgstr "" "Pentru a construi un binar Rust de tip bare-metal în AOSP, trebuie să " "utilizați o regulă Soong `rust_ffi_static` pentru a construi codul Rust, " "apoi un `cc_binary` cu un script linker pentru a produce binarul propriu-zis " "și apoi un `raw_binary` pentru a converti ELF-ul într-un binar brut gata de " "a fi rulat." #: src/bare-metal/android/vmbase.md msgid "vmbase" msgstr "vmbase" #: src/bare-metal/android/vmbase.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "For VMs running under crosvm on aarch64, the [vmbase](https://android." "googlesource.com/platform/packages/modules/Virtualization/+/refs/heads/" "master/vmbase/) library provides a linker script and useful defaults for the " "build rules, along with an entry point, UART console logging and more." msgstr "" "Pentru mașinile virtuale care rulează sub crosvm pe aarch64, biblioteca " "[vmbase](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/packages/modules/" "Virtualization/+/refs/heads/master/vmbase/) oferă un script de linker și " "valori implicite utile pentru regulile de compilare, împreună cu un punct de " "intrare, logare a consolei UART și multe altele." #: src/bare-metal/android/vmbase.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The `main!` macro marks your main function, to be called from the `vmbase` " "entry point." msgstr "" "Macroul `main!` marchează funcția principală, care va fi apelată din punctul " "de intrare `vmbase`." #: src/bare-metal/android/vmbase.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The `vmbase` entry point handles console initialisation, and issues a " "PSCI_SYSTEM_OFF to shutdown the VM if your main function returns." msgstr "" "Punctul de intrare `vmbase` se ocupă de inițializarea consolei și emite un " "PSCI_SYSTEM_OFF pentru a închide VM dacă funcția principală se întoarce." #: src/exercises/bare-metal/afternoon.md #, fuzzy msgid "We will write a driver for the PL031 real-time clock device." msgstr "Vom scrie un driver pentru dispozitivul de ceas în timp real PL031." #: src/exercises/bare-metal/afternoon.md src/exercises/concurrency/afternoon.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "After looking at the exercises, you can look at the [solutions](solutions-" "afternoon.md) provided." msgstr "" "După ce ați studiat exercițiile, puteți consulta [soluții](solutions-" "afternoon.md) furnizate." #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md #, fuzzy msgid "RTC driver" msgstr "Driver RTC" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The QEMU aarch64 virt machine has a [PL031](https://developer.arm.com/" "documentation/ddi0224/c) real-time clock at 0x9010000. For this exercise, " "you should write a driver for it." msgstr "" "Mașina virtuală QEMU aarch64 are un ceas în timp real [PL031](https://" "developer.arm.com/documentation/ddi0224/c) la 0x9010000. Pentru acest " "exercițiu, trebuie să scrieți un driver pentru acesta." #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Use it to print the current time to the serial console. You can use the " "[`chrono`](https://crates.io/crates/chrono) crate for date/time formatting." msgstr "" "Utilizați-o pentru a imprima ora curentă pe consola serială. Puteți utiliza " "crate-ul [`chrono`](https://crates.io/crates/chrono) pentru formatarea datei/" "orei." #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Use the match register and raw interrupt status to busy-wait until a given " "time, e.g. 3 seconds in the future. (Call [`core::hint::spin_loop`](https://" "doc.rust-lang.org/core/hint/fn.spin_loop.html) inside the loop.)" msgstr "" "Utilizați registrul de potrivire și starea brută a întreruperii pentru a " "aștepta ocupat până la un anumit moment, de exemplu, 3 secunde în viitor. " "(Chemați [`core::hint::spin_loop`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/core/hint/fn." "spin_loop.html) în interiorul buclei)" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "_Extension if you have time:_ Enable and handle the interrupt generated by " "the RTC match. You can use the driver provided in the [`arm-gic`](https://" "docs.rs/arm-gic/) crate to configure the Arm Generic Interrupt Controller." msgstr "" "extindere dacă aveți timp:_ Activați și gestionați întreruperea generată de " "meciul RTC. Puteți utiliza driverul furnizat în crăiasa [`arm-gic`](https://" "docs.rs/arm-gic/) pentru a configura controlerul generic de întreruperi Arm " "Generic Interrupt Controller." #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #, fuzzy msgid "Use the RTC interrupt, which is wired to the GIC as `IntId::spi(2)`." msgstr "" "Utilizați întreruperea RTC, care este conectată la GIC ca `IntId::spi(2)`." #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Once the interrupt is enabled, you can put the core to sleep via `arm_gic::" "wfi()`, which will cause the core to sleep until it receives an interrupt." msgstr "" "Odată ce întreruperea este activată, puteți pune nucleul în stare de veghe " "prin intermediul `arm_gic::wfi()`, ceea ce va face ca nucleul să doarmă până " "când va primi o întrerupere." #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Download the [exercise template](../../comprehensive-rust-exercises.zip) and " "look in the `rtc` directory for the following files." msgstr "" "Descărcați [șablonul de exerciții] (../../comprehensive-rust-exercises.zip) " "și căutați în directorul `rtc` următoarele fișiere." #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "/// Base addresses of the GICv3.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"main({:#x}, {:#x}, {:#x}, {:#x})\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "" "// Safe because `GICD_BASE_ADDRESS` and `GICR_BASE_ADDRESS` are the base\n" " // addresses of a GICv3 distributor and redistributor respectively, and\n" " // nothing else accesses those address ranges.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "// TODO: Create instance of RTC driver and print current time.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "// TODO: Wait for 3 seconds.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "_src/exceptions.rs_ (you should only need to change this for the 3rd part of " "the exercise):" msgstr "" "_src/exceptions.rs_ (ar trebui să fie nevoie să modificați acest lucru doar " "pentru a treia parte a exercițiului):" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "// Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" "//\n" "// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n" "// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n" "// You may obtain a copy of the License at\n" "//\n" "// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" "//\n" "// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n" "// distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n" "// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n" "// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n" "// limitations under the License.\n" msgstr "" "```rust,compile_fail\n" "// Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" "//\n" "// Licențiat sub Licența Apache, versiunea 2.0 (denumită în continuare " "\"Licența\");\n" "// nu aveți voie să utilizați acest fișier decât în conformitate cu " "Licența.\n" "// Puteți obține o copie a Licenței la adresa\n" "//\n" "// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" "//\n" "// Cu excepția cazului în care legea aplicabilă o impune sau se convine în " "scris, software-ul\n" "// distribuit în temeiul licenței este distribuit pe o BAZĂ \"AS IS\",\n" "// FĂRĂ GARANȚII SAU CONDIȚII DE NICI UN FEL, fie ele exprese sau " "implicite.\n" "// Consultați Licența pentru limbajul specific care reglementează " "permisiunile și\n" "// limitări în cadrul Licenței.\n" "\n" "utilizați cc::Build;\n" "use std::env;\n" "\n" "fn main() {\n" " #[cfg(target_os = \"linux\")]]\n" " env::set_var(\"CROSS_COMPILE\", \"aarch64-linux-gnu\");\n" " #[cfg(not(target_os = \"linux\"))]]\n" " env::set_var(\"CROSS_COMPILE\", \"aarch64-none-elf\");\n" "\n" " Build::new()\n" " .file(\"entry.S\")\n" " .file(\"exceptions.S\")\n" " .file(\"idmap.S\")\n" " .compile(\"empty\")\n" "}\n" "```" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "\"sync_exception_current\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "\"irq_current\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "\"No pending interrupt\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "\"IRQ {intid:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "\"fiq_current\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "\"serr_current\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "\"sync_lower\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "\"irq_lower\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "\"fiq_lower\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "\"serr_lower\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #, fuzzy msgid "_src/logger.rs_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" msgstr "" "_src/logger.rs_ (nu ar trebui să fie nevoie să modificați acest lucru):" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "// ANCHOR: main\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #, fuzzy msgid "_src/pl011.rs_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" msgstr "_src/pl011.rs_ (nu ar trebui să fie nevoie să modificați acest lucru):" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "// ANCHOR: Flags\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "// ANCHOR_END: Flags\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "" "/// Flags from the UART Receive Status Register / Error Clear Register.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "/// Framing error.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "/// Parity error.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "/// Break error.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "/// Overrun error.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "// ANCHOR: Registers\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "// ANCHOR_END: Registers\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "" "// ANCHOR: Uart\n" "/// Driver for a PL011 UART.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "" "/// Constructs a new instance of the UART driver for a PL011 device at the\n" " /// given base address.\n" " ///\n" " /// # Safety\n" " ///\n" " /// The given base address must point to the MMIO control registers of " "a\n" " /// PL011 device, which must be mapped into the address space of the " "process\n" " /// as device memory and not have any other aliases.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "// ANCHOR_END: Uart\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #, fuzzy msgid "_build.rs_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" msgstr "_build.rs_ (nu ar trebui să fie nevoie să modificați acest lucru):" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "\"linux\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "\"CROSS_COMPILE\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"aarch64-linux-gnu\"" msgstr "aarch64-paging" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "\"aarch64-none-elf\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "\"entry.S\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"exceptions.S\"" msgstr "Excepții" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "\"idmap.S\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "\"empty\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #, fuzzy msgid "_entry.S_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" msgstr "_entry.S_ (nu ar trebui să fie nevoie să modificați acest lucru):" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "```armasm\n" "/*\n" " * Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" " *\n" " * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n" " * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n" " * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n" " *\n" " * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" " *\n" " * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n" " * distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n" " * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n" " * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n" " * limitations under the License.\n" " */\n" "\n" ".macro adr_l, reg:req, sym:req\n" "\tadrp \\reg, \\sym\n" "\tadd \\reg, \\reg, :lo12:\\sym\n" ".endm\n" "\n" ".macro mov_i, reg:req, imm:req\n" "\tmovz \\reg, :abs_g3:\\imm\n" "\tmovk \\reg, :abs_g2_nc:\\imm\n" "\tmovk \\reg, :abs_g1_nc:\\imm\n" "\tmovk \\reg, :abs_g0_nc:\\imm\n" ".endm\n" "\n" ".set .L_MAIR_DEV_nGnRE,\t0x04\n" ".set .L_MAIR_MEM_WBWA,\t0xff\n" ".set .Lmairval, .L_MAIR_DEV_nGnRE | (.L_MAIR_MEM_WBWA << 8)\n" "\n" "/* 4 KiB granule size for TTBR0_EL1. */\n" ".set .L_TCR_TG0_4KB, 0x0 << 14\n" "/* 4 KiB granule size for TTBR1_EL1. */\n" ".set .L_TCR_TG1_4KB, 0x2 << 30\n" "/* Disable translation table walk for TTBR1_EL1, generating a translation " "fault instead. */\n" ".set .L_TCR_EPD1, 0x1 << 23\n" "/* Translation table walks for TTBR0_EL1 are inner sharable. */\n" ".set .L_TCR_SH_INNER, 0x3 << 12\n" "/*\n" " * Translation table walks for TTBR0_EL1 are outer write-back read-allocate " "write-allocate\n" " * cacheable.\n" " */\n" ".set .L_TCR_RGN_OWB, 0x1 << 10\n" "/*\n" " * Translation table walks for TTBR0_EL1 are inner write-back read-allocate " "write-allocate\n" " * cacheable.\n" " */\n" ".set .L_TCR_RGN_IWB, 0x1 << 8\n" "/* Size offset for TTBR0_EL1 is 2**39 bytes (512 GiB). */\n" ".set .L_TCR_T0SZ_512, 64 - 39\n" ".set .Ltcrval, .L_TCR_TG0_4KB | .L_TCR_TG1_4KB | .L_TCR_EPD1 | ." "L_TCR_RGN_OWB\n" ".set .Ltcrval, .Ltcrval | .L_TCR_RGN_IWB | .L_TCR_SH_INNER | ." "L_TCR_T0SZ_512\n" "\n" "/* Stage 1 instruction access cacheability is unaffected. */\n" ".set .L_SCTLR_ELx_I, 0x1 << 12\n" "/* SP alignment fault if SP is not aligned to a 16 byte boundary. */\n" ".set .L_SCTLR_ELx_SA, 0x1 << 3\n" "/* Stage 1 data access cacheability is unaffected. */\n" ".set .L_SCTLR_ELx_C, 0x1 << 2\n" "/* EL0 and EL1 stage 1 MMU enabled. */\n" ".set .L_SCTLR_ELx_M, 0x1 << 0\n" "/* Privileged Access Never is unchanged on taking an exception to EL1. */\n" ".set .L_SCTLR_EL1_SPAN, 0x1 << 23\n" "/* SETEND instruction disabled at EL0 in aarch32 mode. */\n" ".set .L_SCTLR_EL1_SED, 0x1 << 8\n" "/* Various IT instructions are disabled at EL0 in aarch32 mode. */\n" ".set .L_SCTLR_EL1_ITD, 0x1 << 7\n" ".set .L_SCTLR_EL1_RES1, (0x1 << 11) | (0x1 << 20) | (0x1 << 22) | (0x1 << " "28) | (0x1 << 29)\n" ".set .Lsctlrval, .L_SCTLR_ELx_M | .L_SCTLR_ELx_C | .L_SCTLR_ELx_SA | ." "L_SCTLR_EL1_ITD | .L_SCTLR_EL1_SED\n" ".set .Lsctlrval, .Lsctlrval | .L_SCTLR_ELx_I | .L_SCTLR_EL1_SPAN | ." "L_SCTLR_EL1_RES1\n" "\n" "/**\n" " * This is a generic entry point for an image. It carries out the operations " "required to prepare the\n" " * loaded image to be run. Specifically, it zeroes the bss section using " "registers x25 and above,\n" " * prepares the stack, enables floating point, and sets up the exception " "vector. It preserves x0-x3\n" " * for the Rust entry point, as these may contain boot parameters.\n" " */\n" ".section .init.entry, \"ax\"\n" ".global entry\n" "entry:\n" "\t/* Load and apply the memory management configuration, ready to enable MMU " "and caches. */\n" "\tadrp x30, idmap\n" "\tmsr ttbr0_el1, x30\n" "\n" "\tmov_i x30, .Lmairval\n" "\tmsr mair_el1, x30\n" "\n" "\tmov_i x30, .Ltcrval\n" "\t/* Copy the supported PA range into TCR_EL1.IPS. */\n" "\tmrs x29, id_aa64mmfr0_el1\n" "\tbfi x30, x29, #32, #4\n" "\n" "\tmsr tcr_el1, x30\n" "\n" "\tmov_i x30, .Lsctlrval\n" "\n" "\t/*\n" "\t * Ensure everything before this point has completed, then invalidate any " "potentially stale\n" "\t * local TLB entries before they start being used.\n" "\t */\n" "\tisb\n" "\ttlbi vmalle1\n" "\tic iallu\n" "\tdsb nsh\n" "\tisb\n" "\n" "\t/*\n" "\t * Configure sctlr_el1 to enable MMU and cache and don't proceed until " "this has completed.\n" "\t */\n" "\tmsr sctlr_el1, x30\n" "\tisb\n" "\n" "\t/* Disable trapping floating point access in EL1. */\n" "\tmrs x30, cpacr_el1\n" "\torr x30, x30, #(0x3 << 20)\n" "\tmsr cpacr_el1, x30\n" "\tisb\n" "\n" "\t/* Zero out the bss section. */\n" "\tadr_l x29, bss_begin\n" "\tadr_l x30, bss_end\n" "0:\tcmp x29, x30\n" "\tb.hs 1f\n" "\tstp xzr, xzr, [x29], #16\n" "\tb 0b\n" "\n" "1:\t/* Prepare the stack. */\n" "\tadr_l x30, boot_stack_end\n" "\tmov sp, x30\n" "\n" "\t/* Set up exception vector. */\n" "\tadr x30, vector_table_el1\n" "\tmsr vbar_el1, x30\n" "\n" "\t/* Call into Rust code. */\n" "\tbl main\n" "\n" "\t/* Loop forever waiting for interrupts. */\n" "2:\twfi\n" "\tb 2b\n" "```" msgstr "" "```armasm\n" "/*\n" " * Drepturi de autor 2023 Google LLC\n" " *\n" " * Licențiat sub licența Apache License, versiunea 2.0 (\"Licența\");\n" " * nu aveți voie să utilizați acest fișier decât în conformitate cu " "Licența.\n" " * Puteți obține o copie a Licenței la adresa\n" " *\n" " * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" " *\n" " * Cu excepția cazului în care legislația aplicabilă o impune sau se convine " "în scris, software-ul\n" " * distribuit în temeiul licenței este distribuit pe o BAZĂ \"AS IS\",\n" " * FĂRĂ GARANȚII SAU CONDIȚII DE NICI UN FEL, fie ele exprese sau " "implicite.\n" " * Consultați Licența pentru limbajul specific care reglementează " "permisiunile și\n" " * limitări în cadrul Licenței.\n" " */\n" "\n" ".macro adr_l, reg:req, sym:req\n" "\tadrp \\reg, \\sym\n" "\tadd \\reg, \\reg, :lo12:\\sym\n" ".endm\n" "\n" ".macro mov_i, reg:req, imm:req\n" "\tmovz \\reg, :abs_g3:\\imm\n" "\tmovk \\reg, :abs_g2_nc:\\imm\n" "\tmovk \\reg, :abs_g1_nc:\\imm\n" "\tmovk \\reg, :abs_g0_nc:\\imm\n" ".endm\n" "\n" ".set .L_MAIR_DEV_nGnRE, 0x04\n" ".set .L_MAIR_MEM_WBWA, 0xff\n" ".set .Lmairval, .L_MAIR_DEV_nGnRE | (.L_MAIR_MEM_WBWA << 8)\n" "\n" "/* dimensiunea granulelor de 4 KiB pentru TTBR0_EL1. */\n" ".set .L_TCR_TG0_4KB, 0x0 << 14\n" "/* dimensiunea granulelor de 4 KiB pentru TTBR1_EL1. */\n" ".set .L_TCR_TG1_4KB, 0x2 << 30\n" "/* Dezactivează mersul pe tabela de traducere pentru TTBR1_EL1, generând în " "schimb o eroare de traducere. */\n" ".set .L_TCR_EPD1, 0x1 << 23\n" "/* Plimbările tabelelor de traducere pentru TTBR0_EL1 sunt partajabile la " "nivel intern. */\n" ".set .L_TCR_SH_INNER, 0x3 << 12\n" "/*\n" " * Mersul tabelelor de conversie pentru TTBR0_EL1 este de tip write-back " "extern read-allocate write-allocate\n" " * cu memorie cache.\n" " */\n" ".set .L_TCR_RGN_OWB, 0x1 << 10\n" "/*\n" " * Traducerea tabelelor de conversie pentru TTBR0_EL1 sunt de tip write-back " "read-allocate write-allocate interior\n" " * care pot fi stocate în memoria cache.\n" " */\n" ".set .L_TCR_RGN_IWB, 0x1 << 8\n" "/* Decalajul de dimensiune pentru TTBR0_EL1 este de 2**39 octeți (512 GiB). " "*/\n" ".set .L_TCR_T0SZ_512, 64 - 39\n" ".set .Ltcrval, .L_TCR_TG0_4KB | .L_TCR_TG1_4KB | .L_TCR_EPD1 | ." "L_TCR_RGN_OWB\n" ".set .Ltcrval, .Ltcrval | .L_TCR_RGN_IWB | .L_TCR_SH_INNER | ." "L_TCR_T0SZ_512\n" "\n" "/* Nu este afectată capacitatea de stocare în memoria cache a accesului la " "instrucțiunile din etapa 1. */\n" ".set .L_SCTLR_ELx_I, 0x1 << 12\n" "/* Defecțiune de aliniere SP dacă SP nu este aliniat la o limită de 16 " "octeți. */\n" ".set .L_SCTLR_ELx_SA, 0x1 << 3\n" "/* Cacheabilitatea accesului la datele din etapa 1 nu este afectată. */\n" ".set .L_SCTLR_ELx_C, 0x1 << 2\n" "/* Etapa 1 a MMU EL0 și EL1 a fost activată. */\n" ".set .L_SCTLR_ELx_M, 0x1 << 0\n" "/* Privileged Access Never este neschimbat la luarea unei excepții la EL1. " "*/\n" ".set .L_SCTLR_EL1_SPAN, 0x1 << 23\n" "/* Instrucțiunea SETEND dezactivată la EL0 în modul aarch32. */\n" ".set .L_SCTLR_EL1_SED, 0x1 << 8\n" "/* Diverse instrucțiuni IT sunt dezactivate la EL0 în modul aarch32. */\n" ".set .L_SCTLR_EL1_ITD, 0x1 << 7\n" ".set .L_SCTLR_EL1_RES1, (0x1 << 11) | (0x1 << 20) | (0x1 << 22) | (0x1 << " "28) | (0x1 << 29)\n" ".set .Lsctlrval, .L_SCTLR_ELx_M | .L_SCTLR_ELx_C | .L_SCTLR_ELx_SA | ." "L_SCTLR_EL1_ITD | .L_SCTLR_EL1_SED\n" ".set .Lsctlrval, .Lsctlrval | .L_SCTLR_ELx_I | .L_SCTLR_EL1_SPAN | ." "L_SCTLR_EL1_RES1\n" "\n" "/**\n" " * Acesta este un punct de intrare generic pentru o imagine. Acesta " "efectuează operațiile necesare pentru a pregăti imaginea\n" " * imaginea încărcată pentru a fi rulată. În mod specific, se resetează la " "zero secțiunea bss folosind registrele x25 și mai sus,\n" " * pregătește stiva, activează virgulă mobilă și stabilește vectorul de " "excepții. Păstrează x0-x3\n" " * pentru punctul de intrare Rust, deoarece acestea pot conține parametrii " "de pornire.\n" " */\n" ".section .init.entry, \"ax\"\n" ".global entry\n" "entry:\n" "\t/* Încarcă și aplică configurația de gestionare a memoriei, gata să " "activeze MMU și cache-urile. */\n" "\tadrp x30, idmap\n" "\tmsr ttbr0_el1, x30\n" "\n" "\tmov_i x30, .Lmairval\n" "\tmsr mair_el1, x30\n" "\n" "\tmov_i x30, .Ltcrval\n" "\t/* Copiază intervalul PA acceptat în TCR_EL1.IPS. */\n" "\tmrs x29, id_aa64mmfr0_el1\n" "\tbfi x30, x29, #32, #4\n" "\n" "\tmsr tcr_el1, x30\n" "\n" "\tmov_i x30, .Lsctlrval\n" "\n" "\t/*\n" "\t * Asigură-te că tot ceea ce s-a întâmplat înainte de acest punct s-a " "finalizat, apoi invalidează orice date potențial vechi\n" "\t * locale TLB înainte ca acestea să înceapă să fie utilizate.\n" "\t */\n" "\tisb\n" "\ttlbi vmalle1\n" "\tic iallu\n" "\tdsb nsh\n" "\tisb\n" "\n" "\t/*\n" "\t * Configurați sctlr_el1 pentru a activa MMU și memoria cache și nu " "continuați până când acest lucru nu este finalizat.\n" "\t */\n" "\tmsr sctlr_el1, x30\n" "\tisb\n" "\n" "\t/* Dezactivează captarea accesului în virgulă mobilă în EL1. */\n" "\tmrs x30, cpacr_el1\n" "\torr x30, x30, #(0x3 << 20)\n" "\tmsr cpacr_el1, x30\n" "\tisb\n" "\n" "\t/* Elimină secțiunea bss. */\n" "\tadr_l x29, bss_begin\n" "\tadr_l x30, bss_end\n" "0: cmp x29, x30\n" "\tb.hs 1f\n" "\tstp xzr, xzr, [x29], #16\n" "\tb 0b\n" "\n" "1: /* Pregătește stiva. */\n" "\tadr_l x30, boot_stack_end\n" "\tmov sp, x30\n" "\n" "\t/* Setează vectorul de excepție. */\n" "\tadr x30, vector_table_el1\n" "\tmsr vbar_el1, x30\n" "\n" "\t/* Apel în codul Rust. */\n" "\tbl main\n" "\n" "\t/* Bucla veșnică în așteptarea întreruperilor. */\n" "2: wfi\n" "\tb 2b\n" "```" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #, fuzzy msgid "_exceptions.S_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" msgstr "_exceptions.S_ (nu ar trebui să fie nevoie să modificați acest lucru):" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "```armasm\n" "/*\n" " * Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" " *\n" " * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n" " * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n" " * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n" " *\n" " * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" " *\n" " * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n" " * distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n" " * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n" " * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n" " * limitations under the License.\n" " */\n" "\n" "/**\n" " * Saves the volatile registers onto the stack. This currently takes 14\n" " * instructions, so it can be used in exception handlers with 18 " "instructions\n" " * left.\n" " *\n" " * On return, x0 and x1 are initialised to elr_el2 and spsr_el2 " "respectively,\n" " * which can be used as the first and second arguments of a subsequent " "call.\n" " */\n" ".macro save_volatile_to_stack\n" "\t/* Reserve stack space and save registers x0-x18, x29 & x30. */\n" "\tstp x0, x1, [sp, #-(8 * 24)]!\n" "\tstp x2, x3, [sp, #8 * 2]\n" "\tstp x4, x5, [sp, #8 * 4]\n" "\tstp x6, x7, [sp, #8 * 6]\n" "\tstp x8, x9, [sp, #8 * 8]\n" "\tstp x10, x11, [sp, #8 * 10]\n" "\tstp x12, x13, [sp, #8 * 12]\n" "\tstp x14, x15, [sp, #8 * 14]\n" "\tstp x16, x17, [sp, #8 * 16]\n" "\tstr x18, [sp, #8 * 18]\n" "\tstp x29, x30, [sp, #8 * 20]\n" "\n" "\t/*\n" "\t * Save elr_el1 & spsr_el1. This such that we can take nested exception\n" "\t * and still be able to unwind.\n" "\t */\n" "\tmrs x0, elr_el1\n" "\tmrs x1, spsr_el1\n" "\tstp x0, x1, [sp, #8 * 22]\n" ".endm\n" "\n" "/**\n" " * Restores the volatile registers from the stack. This currently takes 14\n" " * instructions, so it can be used in exception handlers while still leaving " "18\n" " * instructions left; if paired with save_volatile_to_stack, there are 4\n" " * instructions to spare.\n" " */\n" ".macro restore_volatile_from_stack\n" "\t/* Restore registers x2-x18, x29 & x30. */\n" "\tldp x2, x3, [sp, #8 * 2]\n" "\tldp x4, x5, [sp, #8 * 4]\n" "\tldp x6, x7, [sp, #8 * 6]\n" "\tldp x8, x9, [sp, #8 * 8]\n" "\tldp x10, x11, [sp, #8 * 10]\n" "\tldp x12, x13, [sp, #8 * 12]\n" "\tldp x14, x15, [sp, #8 * 14]\n" "\tldp x16, x17, [sp, #8 * 16]\n" "\tldr x18, [sp, #8 * 18]\n" "\tldp x29, x30, [sp, #8 * 20]\n" "\n" "\t/* Restore registers elr_el1 & spsr_el1, using x0 & x1 as scratch. */\n" "\tldp x0, x1, [sp, #8 * 22]\n" "\tmsr elr_el1, x0\n" "\tmsr spsr_el1, x1\n" "\n" "\t/* Restore x0 & x1, and release stack space. */\n" "\tldp x0, x1, [sp], #8 * 24\n" ".endm\n" "\n" "/**\n" " * This is a generic handler for exceptions taken at the current EL while " "using\n" " * SP0. It behaves similarly to the SPx case by first switching to SPx, " "doing\n" " * the work, then switching back to SP0 before returning.\n" " *\n" " * Switching to SPx and calling the Rust handler takes 16 instructions. To\n" " * restore and return we need an additional 16 instructions, so we can " "implement\n" " * the whole handler within the allotted 32 instructions.\n" " */\n" ".macro current_exception_sp0 handler:req\n" "\tmsr spsel, #1\n" "\tsave_volatile_to_stack\n" "\tbl \\handler\n" "\trestore_volatile_from_stack\n" "\tmsr spsel, #0\n" "\teret\n" ".endm\n" "\n" "/**\n" " * This is a generic handler for exceptions taken at the current EL while " "using\n" " * SPx. It saves volatile registers, calls the Rust handler, restores " "volatile\n" " * registers, then returns.\n" " *\n" " * This also works for exceptions taken from EL0, if we don't care about\n" " * non-volatile registers.\n" " *\n" " * Saving state and jumping to the Rust handler takes 15 instructions, and\n" " * restoring and returning also takes 15 instructions, so we can fit the " "whole\n" " * handler in 30 instructions, under the limit of 32.\n" " */\n" ".macro current_exception_spx handler:req\n" "\tsave_volatile_to_stack\n" "\tbl \\handler\n" "\trestore_volatile_from_stack\n" "\teret\n" ".endm\n" "\n" ".section .text.vector_table_el1, \"ax\"\n" ".global vector_table_el1\n" ".balign 0x800\n" "vector_table_el1:\n" "sync_cur_sp0:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_sp0 sync_exception_current\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "irq_cur_sp0:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_sp0 irq_current\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "fiq_cur_sp0:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_sp0 fiq_current\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "serr_cur_sp0:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_sp0 serr_current\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "sync_cur_spx:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_spx sync_exception_current\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "irq_cur_spx:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_spx irq_current\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "fiq_cur_spx:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_spx fiq_current\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "serr_cur_spx:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_spx serr_current\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "sync_lower_64:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_spx sync_lower\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "irq_lower_64:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_spx irq_lower\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "fiq_lower_64:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_spx fiq_lower\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "serr_lower_64:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_spx serr_lower\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "sync_lower_32:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_spx sync_lower\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "irq_lower_32:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_spx irq_lower\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "fiq_lower_32:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_spx fiq_lower\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "serr_lower_32:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_spx serr_lower\n" "```" msgstr "" "```armasm\n" "/*\n" " * Drepturi de autor 2023 Google LLC\n" " *\n" " * Licențiat sub licența Apache License, versiunea 2.0 (\"Licența\");\n" " * nu aveți voie să utilizați acest fișier decât în conformitate cu " "Licența.\n" " * Puteți obține o copie a Licenței la adresa\n" " *\n" " * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" " *\n" " * Cu excepția cazului în care legislația aplicabilă o impune sau se convine " "în scris, software-ul\n" " * distribuit în temeiul licenței este distribuit pe o BAZĂ \"AS IS\",\n" " * FĂRĂ GARANȚII SAU CONDIȚII DE NICI UN FEL, fie ele exprese sau " "implicite.\n" " * Consultați Licența pentru limbajul specific care reglementează " "permisiunile și\n" " * limitări în cadrul Licenței.\n" " */\n" "\n" "/**\n" " * Salvează registrele volatile pe stivă. Acest lucru durează în prezent 14\n" " * instrucțiuni, astfel încât poate fi utilizat în gestionarii de excepții " "cu 18 instrucțiuni\n" " * stânga.\n" " *\n" " * La întoarcere, x0 și x1 sunt inițializate la elr_el2 și, respectiv, " "spsr_el2,\n" " * care pot fi utilizate ca primul și al doilea argument al unui apel " "ulterior.\n" " */\n" ".macro save_volatile_to_stack\n" "\t/* Rezervă spațiul stivei și salvează registrele x0-x18, x29 & x30. */\n" "\tstp x0, x1, [sp, #-(8 * 24)]!\n" "\tstp x2, x3, [sp, #8 * 2]\n" "\tstp x4, x5, [sp, #8 * 4]\n" "\tstp x6, x7, [sp, #8 * 6]\n" "\tstp x8, x9, [sp, #8 * 8]\n" "\tstp x10, x11, [sp, #8 * 10]\n" "\tstp x12, x13, [sp, #8 * 12]\n" "\tstp x14, x15, [sp, #8 * 14]\n" "\tstp x16, x17, [sp, #8 * 16]\n" "\tstr x18, [sp, #8 * 18]\n" "\tstp x29, x30, [sp, #8 * 20]\n" "\n" "\t/*\n" "\t * Salvați elr_el1 & spsr_el1. Acest lucru astfel încât să putem lua " "excepții imbricate\n" "\t * și totuși să putem derula.\n" "\t */\n" "\tmrs x0, elr_el1\n" "\tmrs x1, spsr_el1\n" "\tstp x0, x1, [sp, #8 * 22]\n" ".endm\n" "\n" "/**\n" " * Restabilește registrele volatile din stivă. În prezent, acest lucru " "durează 14\n" " * instrucțiuni, astfel încât poate fi utilizată în gestionarii de excepții, " "lăsând în continuare 18\n" " * instrucțiuni rămase; dacă este asociat cu save_volatile_to_stack, mai " "rămân 4 instrucțiuni\n" " * instrucțiuni de rezervă.\n" " */\n" ".macro restore_volatile_from_stack\n" "\t/* Restaurează registrele x2-x18, x29 și x30. */\n" "\tldp x2, x3, [sp, #8 * 2]\n" "\tldp x4, x5, [sp, #8 * 4]\n" "\tldp x6, x7, [sp, #8 * 6]\n" "\tldp x8, x9, [sp, #8 * 8]\n" "\tldp x10, x11, [sp, #8 * 10]\n" "\tldp x12, x13, [sp, #8 * 12]\n" "\tldp x14, x15, [sp, #8 * 14]\n" "\tldp x16, x17, [sp, #8 * 16]\n" "\tldr x18, [sp, #8 * 18]\n" "\tldp x29, x30, [sp, #8 * 20]\n" "\n" "\t/* Restaurați registrele elr_el1 & spsr_el1, folosind x0 & x1 ca zero. */\n" "\tldp x0, x1, [sp, #8 * 22]\n" "\tmsr elr_el1, x0\n" "\tmsr spsr_el1, x1\n" "\n" "\t/* Restaurați x0 & x1 și eliberați spațiul din stivă. */\n" "\tldp x0, x1, [sp], #8 * 24\n" ".endm\n" "\n" "/**\n" " * Acesta este un gestionar generic pentru excepțiile luate la EL curent în " "timp ce se utilizează\n" " * SP0. Se comportă în mod similar cu cazul SPx, trecând mai întâi la SPx, " "făcând\n" " * treaba, apoi revine la SP0 înainte de a se întoarce.\n" " *\n" " * Comutarea în SPx și apelarea gestionarului Rust necesită 16 instrucțiuni. " "La\n" " * restabilirea și întoarcerea avem nevoie de încă 16 instrucțiuni, astfel " "încât să putem implementa\n" " * întregul manipulator în cele 32 de instrucțiuni alocate.\n" " */\n" ".macro current_exception_sp0 handler:req\n" "\tmsr spsel, #1\n" "\tsave_volatile_to_stack\n" "\tbl \\handler\n" "\trestore_volatile_from_stack\n" "\tmsr spsel, #0\n" "\teret\n" ".endm\n" "\n" "/**\n" " * Acesta este un gestionar generic pentru excepțiile luate la EL curent în " "timp ce se utilizează\n" " * SPx. Acesta salvează registrele volatile, apelează gestionarul Rust, " "restabilește registrele volatile\n" " * și apoi se întoarce.\n" " *\n" " * Acest lucru funcționează și pentru excepțiile luate din EL0, dacă nu ne " "pasă de\n" " * registrele nevolatile.\n" " *\n" " * Salvarea stării și saltul la gestionarul Rust durează 15 instrucțiuni, " "iar\n" " * restabilirea și întoarcerea durează, de asemenea, 15 instrucțiuni, astfel " "încât putem încadra întreaga\n" " * în 30 de instrucțiuni, sub limita de 32.\n" " */\n" ".macro current_exception_spx handler:req\n" "\tsave_volatile_to_stack\n" "\tbl \\handler\n" "\trestore_volatile_from_stack\n" "\teret\n" ".endm\n" "\n" ".section .text.vector_table_el1, \"ax\"\n" ".global vector_table_el1\n" ".balign 0x800\n" "vector_table_el1:\n" "sync_cur_sp0:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_sp0 sync_exception_current\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "irq_cur_sp0:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_sp0 irq_current\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "fiq_cur_sp0:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_sp0 fiq_current\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "serr_cur_sp0:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_sp0 serr_current\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "sync_cur_spx:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_spx sync_exception_current\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "irq_cur_spx:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_spx irq_current\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "fiq_cur_spx:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_spx fiq_current\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "serr_cur_spx:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_spx serr_current\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "sync_lower_64:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_spx sync_lower\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "irq_lower_64:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_spx irq_lower\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "fiq_lower_64:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_spx fiq_lower\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "serr_lower_64:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_spx serr_lower\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "sync_lower_32:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_spx sync_lower\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "irq_lower_32:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_spx irq_lower\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "fiq_lower_32:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_spx fiq_lower\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "serr_lower_32:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_spx serr_lower\n" "```" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #, fuzzy msgid "_idmap.S_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" msgstr "_idmap.S_ (nu ar trebui să fie nevoie să modificați acest lucru):" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "```armasm\n" "/*\n" " * Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" " *\n" " * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n" " * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n" " * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n" " *\n" " * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" " *\n" " * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n" " * distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n" " * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n" " * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n" " * limitations under the License.\n" " */\n" "\n" ".set .L_TT_TYPE_BLOCK, 0x1\n" ".set .L_TT_TYPE_PAGE, 0x3\n" ".set .L_TT_TYPE_TABLE, 0x3\n" "\n" "/* Access flag. */\n" ".set .L_TT_AF, 0x1 << 10\n" "/* Not global. */\n" ".set .L_TT_NG, 0x1 << 11\n" ".set .L_TT_XN, 0x3 << 53\n" "\n" ".set .L_TT_MT_DEV, 0x0 << 2\t\t\t// MAIR #0 (DEV_nGnRE)\n" ".set .L_TT_MT_MEM, (0x1 << 2) | (0x3 << 8)\t// MAIR #1 (MEM_WBWA), inner " "shareable\n" "\n" ".set .L_BLOCK_DEV, .L_TT_TYPE_BLOCK | .L_TT_MT_DEV | .L_TT_AF | .L_TT_XN\n" ".set .L_BLOCK_MEM, .L_TT_TYPE_BLOCK | .L_TT_MT_MEM | .L_TT_AF | .L_TT_NG\n" "\n" ".section \".rodata.idmap\", \"a\", %progbits\n" ".global idmap\n" ".align 12\n" "idmap:\n" "\t/* level 1 */\n" "\t.quad\t\t.L_BLOCK_DEV | 0x0\t\t // 1 GiB of device mappings\n" "\t.quad\t\t.L_BLOCK_MEM | 0x40000000\t// 1 GiB of DRAM\n" "\t.fill\t\t254, 8, 0x0\t\t\t// 254 GiB of unmapped VA space\n" "\t.quad\t\t.L_BLOCK_DEV | 0x4000000000 // 1 GiB of device mappings\n" "\t.fill\t\t255, 8, 0x0\t\t\t// 255 GiB of remaining VA space\n" "```" msgstr "" "```armasm\n" "/*\n" " * Drepturi de autor 2023 Google LLC\n" " *\n" " * Licențiat sub licența Apache License, versiunea 2.0 (\"Licența\");\n" " * nu aveți voie să utilizați acest fișier decât în conformitate cu " "Licența.\n" " * Puteți obține o copie a Licenței la adresa\n" " *\n" " * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" " *\n" " * Cu excepția cazului în care legislația aplicabilă o impune sau se convine " "în scris, software-ul\n" " * distribuit în temeiul licenței este distribuit pe o BAZĂ \"AS IS\",\n" " * FĂRĂ GARANȚII SAU CONDIȚII DE NICI UN FEL, fie ele exprese sau " "implicite.\n" " * Consultați Licența pentru limbajul specific care reglementează " "permisiunile și\n" " * limitări în cadrul Licenței.\n" " */\n" "\n" ".set .L_TT_TYPE_BLOCK, 0x1\n" ".set .L_TT_TYPE_PAGE, 0x3\n" ".set .L_TT_TYPE_TABLE, 0x3\n" "\n" "/* Indicator de acces. */\n" ".set .L_TT_AF, 0x1 << 10\n" "/* Nu este global. */\n" ".set .L_TT_NG, 0x1 << 11\n" ".set .L_TT_XN, 0x3 << 53\n" "\n" ".set .L_TT_MT_DEV, 0x0 << 2 // MAIR #0 (DEV_nGnRE)\n" ".set .L_TT_MT_MEM, (0x1 << 2) | (0x3 << 8) // MAIR #1 (MEM_WBWA), partajabil " "în interior\n" "\n" ".set .L_BLOCK_DEV, .L_TT_TYPE_BLOCK | .L_TT_MT_DEV | .L_TT_AF | .L_TT_XN\n" ".set .L_BLOCK_MEM, .L_TT_TYPE_BLOCK | .L_TT_MT_MEM | .L_TT_AF | .L_TT_NG\n" "\n" ".section \".rodata.idmap\", \"a\", %progbits\n" ".global idmap\n" ".align 12\n" "idmap:\n" "\t/* nivel 1 */\n" "\t.quad .L_BLOCK_DEV | 0x0 // 1 GiB de mapare a dispozitivelor\n" "\t.quad .L_BLOCK_MEM | 0x40000000 // 1 GiB de DRAM\n" "\t.fill 254, 8, 0x0 // 254 GiB de spațiu VA nemarcat\n" "\t.quad .L_BLOCK_DEV | 0x4000000000 // 1 GiB de mapare a dispozitivelor\n" "\t.fill 255, 8, 0x0 // 255 GiB de spațiu VA rămas\n" "```" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #, fuzzy msgid "_image.ld_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" msgstr "_image.ld_ (nu ar trebui să fie nevoie să modificați acest lucru):" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "```ld\n" "/*\n" " * Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" " *\n" " * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n" " * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n" " * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n" " *\n" " * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" " *\n" " * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n" " * distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n" " * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n" " * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n" " * limitations under the License.\n" " */\n" "\n" "/*\n" " * Code will start running at this symbol which is placed at the start of " "the\n" " * image.\n" " */\n" "ENTRY(entry)\n" "\n" "MEMORY\n" "{\n" "\timage : ORIGIN = 0x40080000, LENGTH = 2M\n" "}\n" "\n" "SECTIONS\n" "{\n" "\t/*\n" "\t * Collect together the code.\n" "\t */\n" "\t.init : ALIGN(4096) {\n" "\t\ttext_begin = .;\n" "\t\t*(.init.entry)\n" "\t\t*(.init.*)\n" "\t} >image\n" "\t.text : {\n" "\t\t*(.text.*)\n" "\t} >image\n" "\ttext_end = .;\n" "\n" "\t/*\n" "\t * Collect together read-only data.\n" "\t */\n" "\t.rodata : ALIGN(4096) {\n" "\t\trodata_begin = .;\n" "\t\t*(.rodata.*)\n" "\t} >image\n" "\t.got : {\n" "\t\t*(.got)\n" "\t} >image\n" "\trodata_end = .;\n" "\n" "\t/*\n" "\t * Collect together the read-write data including .bss at the end which\n" "\t * will be zero'd by the entry code.\n" "\t */\n" "\t.data : ALIGN(4096) {\n" "\t\tdata_begin = .;\n" "\t\t*(.data.*)\n" "\t\t/*\n" "\t\t * The entry point code assumes that .data is a multiple of 32\n" "\t\t * bytes long.\n" "\t\t */\n" "\t\t. = ALIGN(32);\n" "\t\tdata_end = .;\n" "\t} >image\n" "\n" "\t/* Everything beyond this point will not be included in the binary. */\n" "\tbin_end = .;\n" "\n" "\t/* The entry point code assumes that .bss is 16-byte aligned. */\n" "\t.bss : ALIGN(16) {\n" "\t\tbss_begin = .;\n" "\t\t*(.bss.*)\n" "\t\t*(COMMON)\n" "\t\t. = ALIGN(16);\n" "\t\tbss_end = .;\n" "\t} >image\n" "\n" "\t.stack (NOLOAD) : ALIGN(4096) {\n" "\t\tboot_stack_begin = .;\n" "\t\t. += 40 * 4096;\n" "\t\t. = ALIGN(4096);\n" "\t\tboot_stack_end = .;\n" "\t} >image\n" "\n" "\t. = ALIGN(4K);\n" "\tPROVIDE(dma_region = .);\n" "\n" "\t/*\n" "\t * Remove unused sections from the image.\n" "\t */\n" "\t/DISCARD/ : {\n" "\t\t/* The image loads itself so doesn't need these sections. */\n" "\t\t*(.gnu.hash)\n" "\t\t*(.hash)\n" "\t\t*(.interp)\n" "\t\t*(.eh_frame_hdr)\n" "\t\t*(.eh_frame)\n" "\t\t*(.note.gnu.build-id)\n" "\t}\n" "}\n" "```" msgstr "" "```ld\n" "/*\n" " * Drepturi de autor 2023 Google LLC\n" " *\n" " * Licențiat sub Licența Apache, versiunea 2.0 (denumită în continuare " "\"Licența\");\n" " * nu aveți voie să utilizați acest fișier decât în conformitate cu " "Licența.\n" " * Puteți obține o copie a Licenței la adresa\n" " *\n" " * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" " *\n" " * Cu excepția cazului în care legislația aplicabilă o impune sau se convine " "în scris, software-ul\n" " * distribuit în temeiul licenței este distribuit pe o BAZĂ \"AS IS\",\n" " * FĂRĂ GARANȚII SAU CONDIȚII DE NICI UN FEL, fie ele exprese sau " "implicite.\n" " * Consultați Licența pentru limbajul specific care reglementează " "permisiunile și\n" " * limitări în cadrul Licenței.\n" " */\n" "\n" "/*\n" " * Codul va începe să ruleze la acest simbol care este plasat la începutul\n" " * imagine.\n" " */\n" "ENTRY(intrare)\n" "\n" "MEMORIE\n" "{\n" "\timage : ORIGIN = 0x40080000, LENGTH = 2M\n" "}\n" "\n" "SECȚIUNI\n" "{\n" "\t/*\n" "\t * Adunați împreună codul.\n" "\t */\n" "\t.init : ALIGN(4096) {\n" "\t\ttext_begin = ..;\n" "\t\t*(.init.entry)\n" "\t\t*(.init.*)\n" "\t} >imagine\n" "\t.text : {\n" "\t\t*(.text.*)\n" "\t} >imagine\n" "\ttext_end = ..;\n" "\n" "\t/*\n" "\t * Adună împreună datele numai pentru citire.\n" "\t */\n" "\t.rodata : ALIGN(4096) {\n" "\t\trodata_begin = ..;\n" "\t\t*(.rodata.*)\n" "\t} >imagine\n" "\t.got : {\n" "\t\t*(.got)\n" "\t} >imagine\n" "\trodata_end = .;\n" "\n" "\t/*\n" "\t * Colectează împreună datele de citire-scriere, inclusiv .bss de la " "sfârșit, care\n" "\t * va fi anulat de codul de intrare.\n" "\t */\n" "\t.data : ALIGN(4096) {\n" "\t\tdata_begin = ..;\n" "\t\t*(.data.*)\n" "\t\t/*\n" "\t\t * Codul punctului de intrare presupune că .data este un multiplu de 32\n" "\t\t * octeți.\n" "\t\t */\n" "\t\t. = ALIGN(32);\n" "\t\tdata_end = .;\n" "\t} >imagine\n" "\n" "\t/* Tot ceea ce depășește acest punct nu va fi inclus în binar. */\n" "\tbin_end = ..;\n" "\n" "\t/* Codul punctului de intrare presupune că .bss este aliniat pe 16 octeți. " "*/\n" "\t.bss : ALIGN(16) {\n" "\t\tbss_begin = ..;\n" "\t\t*(.bss.*)\n" "\t\t*(COMUN)\n" "\t\t. = ALIGN(16);\n" "\t\tbss_end = .;\n" "\t} >imagine\n" "\n" "\t.stack (NOLOAD) : ALIGN(4096) {\n" "\t\tboot_stack_begin = ..;\n" "\t\t. += 40 * 4096;\n" "\t\t. = ALIGN(4096);\n" "\t\tboot_stack_end = .;\n" "\t} >imagine\n" "\n" "\t. = ALIGN(4K);\n" "\tPROVIDE(dma_region = .);\n" "\n" "\t/*\n" "\t * Elimină secțiunile neutilizate din imagine.\n" "\t */\n" "\t/DISCARD/ : {\n" "\t\t/* Imaginea se încarcă singură, deci nu are nevoie de aceste secțiuni. " "*/\n" "\t\t*(.gnu.hash)\n" "\t\t*(.hash)\n" "\t\t*(.interp)\n" "\t\t*(.eh_frame_hdr)\n" "\t\t*(.eh_frame)\n" "\t\t*(.note.gnu.build-id)\n" "\t}\n" "}\n" "```" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #, fuzzy msgid "_Makefile_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" msgstr "_Makefile_ (nu ar trebui să fie nevoie să modificați acest lucru):" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "# Copyright 2023 Google LLC" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "$(shell uname -s)" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #, fuzzy msgid "aarch64-linux-gnu" msgstr "aarch64-paging" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "stdio -display none -kernel $< -s" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "cargo clean" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #, fuzzy msgid "Run the code in QEMU with `make qemu`." msgstr "Rulați codul în QEMU cu `make qemu`." #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "Bare Metal Rust Afternoon" msgstr "Rust bare metal După-amiază" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md #, fuzzy msgid "([back to exercise](rtc.md))" msgstr "([back to exercise](rtc.md))" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md #, fuzzy msgid "_main.rs_:" msgstr "_main.rs_:" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "/// Base address of the PL031 RTC.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "/// The IRQ used by the PL031 RTC.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "" "// Safe because `PL031_BASE_ADDRESS` is the base address of a PL031 device,\n" " // and nothing else accesses that address range.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"RTC: {time}\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "// Wait for 3 seconds, without interrupts.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"Waiting for {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"matched={}, interrupt_pending={}\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"Finished waiting\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "// Wait another 3 seconds for an interrupt.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md #, fuzzy msgid "_pl031.rs_:" msgstr "_pl031.rs_:" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "/// Data register\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "/// Match register\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "/// Load register\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "/// Control register\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "/// Interrupt Mask Set or Clear register\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "/// Raw Interrupt Status\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "/// Masked Interrupt Status\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "/// Interrupt Clear Register\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md #, fuzzy msgid "/// Driver for a PL031 real-time clock.\n" msgstr "Vom scrie un driver pentru dispozitivul de ceas în timp real PL031." #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "" "/// Constructs a new instance of the RTC driver for a PL031 device at the\n" " /// given base address.\n" " ///\n" " /// # Safety\n" " ///\n" " /// The given base address must point to the MMIO control registers of " "a\n" " /// PL031 device, which must be mapped into the address space of the " "process\n" " /// as device memory and not have any other aliases.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "/// Reads the current RTC value.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "" "// Safe because we know that self.registers points to the control\n" " // registers of a PL031 device which is appropriately mapped.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "" "/// Writes a match value. When the RTC value matches this then an interrupt\n" " /// will be generated (if it is enabled).\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "" "/// Returns whether the match register matches the RTC value, whether or " "not\n" " /// the interrupt is enabled.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "" "/// Returns whether there is currently an interrupt pending.\n" " ///\n" " /// This should be true if and only if `matched` returns true and the\n" " /// interrupt is masked.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "" "/// Sets or clears the interrupt mask.\n" " ///\n" " /// When the mask is true the interrupt is enabled; when it is false " "the\n" " /// interrupt is disabled.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "/// Clears a pending interrupt, if any.\n" msgstr "" #: src/concurrency.md #, fuzzy msgid "Welcome to Concurrency in Rust" msgstr "Bine ați venit la Concurrency în Rust" #: src/concurrency.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust has full support for concurrency using OS threads with mutexes and " "channels." msgstr "" "Rust are un suport complet pentru concurență folosind fire de execuție OS cu " "mutexuri și canale." #: src/concurrency.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The Rust type system plays an important role in making many concurrency bugs " "compile time bugs. This is often referred to as _fearless concurrency_ since " "you can rely on the compiler to ensure correctness at runtime." msgstr "" "Sistemul de tipuri Rust joacă un rol important în transformarea multor erori " "de concurență în erori de timp de compilare. Acest lucru este deseori " "denumit _concurență fără frică_, deoarece vă puteți baza pe compilator " "pentru a asigura corectitudinea la momentul execuției." #: src/concurrency/threads.md #, fuzzy msgid "Rust threads work similarly to threads in other languages:" msgstr "" "Firele de execuție din Rust funcționează în mod similar cu cele din alte " "limbaje:" #: src/concurrency/threads.md msgid "\"Count in thread: {i}!\"" msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/threads.md msgid "\"Main thread: {i}\"" msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/threads.md #, fuzzy msgid "Threads are all daemon threads, the main thread does not wait for them." msgstr "Firele sunt toate fire de tip daemon, firul principal nu le așteaptă." #: src/concurrency/threads.md #, fuzzy msgid "Thread panics are independent of each other." msgstr "Panica firelor este independentă una de cealaltă." #: src/concurrency/threads.md #, fuzzy msgid "Panics can carry a payload, which can be unpacked with `downcast_ref`." msgstr "" "Panicile pot transporta o sarcină utilă, care poate fi despachetată cu " "`downcast_ref`." #: src/concurrency/threads.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Notice that the thread is stopped before it reaches 10 --- the main thread " "is not waiting." msgstr "" "Observați că firul este oprit înainte de a ajunge la 10 - firul principal nu " "așteaptă." #: src/concurrency/threads.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Use `let handle = thread::spawn(...)` and later `handle.join()` to wait for " "the thread to finish." msgstr "" "Utilizați `let handle = thread::spawn(...)` și mai târziu `handle.join()` " "pentru a aștepta ca firul să se termine." #: src/concurrency/threads.md #, fuzzy msgid "Trigger a panic in the thread, notice how this doesn't affect `main`." msgstr "" "Declanșează o panică în firul de discuție, observați cum acest lucru nu " "afectează `main`." #: src/concurrency/threads.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Use the `Result` return value from `handle.join()` to get access to the " "panic payload. This is a good time to talk about [`Any`](https://doc.rust-" "lang.org/std/any/index.html)." msgstr "" "Utilizați valoarea de returnare `Result` din `handle.join()` pentru a obține " "acces la sarcina utilă de panică. Acesta este un moment bun pentru a vorbi " "despre [`Any`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/any/index.html)." #: src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md #, fuzzy msgid "Normal threads cannot borrow from their environment:" msgstr "Firele normale nu pot împrumuta din mediul lor:" #: src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "However, you can use a [scoped thread](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/thread/" "fn.scope.html) for this:" msgstr "" "Cu toate acestea, puteți utiliza un [scoped thread](https://doc.rust-lang." "org/std/thread/fn.scope.html) pentru acest lucru:" #: src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The reason for that is that when the `thread::scope` function completes, all " "the threads are guaranteed to be joined, so they can return borrowed data." msgstr "" "Motivul este că, atunci când funcția `thread::scope` se finalizează, toate " "firele sunt garantate a fi unite, astfel încât pot returna date împrumutate." #: src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Normal Rust borrowing rules apply: you can either borrow mutably by one " "thread, or immutably by any number of threads." msgstr "" "Se aplică regulile normale de împrumut Rust: puteți împrumuta fie în mod " "mutabil de către un singur fir, fie în mod imuabil de către orice număr de " "fire." #: src/concurrency/channels.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust channels have two parts: a `Sender` and a `Receiver`. The two " "parts are connected via the channel, but you only see the end-points." msgstr "" "Canalele Rust au două părți: un `Sender` și un `Receiver`. Cele două " "părți sunt conectate prin intermediul canalului, dar nu se văd decât " "punctele finale." #: src/concurrency/channels.md msgid "\"Received: {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/channels.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`mpsc` stands for Multi-Producer, Single-Consumer. `Sender` and `SyncSender` " "implement `Clone` (so you can make multiple producers) but `Receiver` does " "not." msgstr "" "`mpsc` înseamnă Multi-Producer, Single-Consumer. `Sender` și `SyncSender` " "implementează `Clone` (astfel încât să puteți face mai mulți producători), " "dar `Receiver` nu o face." #: src/concurrency/channels.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`send()` and `recv()` return `Result`. If they return `Err`, it means the " "counterpart `Sender` or `Receiver` is dropped and the channel is closed." msgstr "" "`send()` și `recv()` returnează `Result`. Dacă acestea returnează `Err`, " "înseamnă că omologul `Sender` sau `Receiver` este abandonat și canalul este " "închis." #: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md #, fuzzy msgid "You get an unbounded and asynchronous channel with `mpsc::channel()`:" msgstr "Obțineți un canal nemărginit și asincron cu `mpsc::channel()`:" #: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md msgid "\"Message {i}\"" msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md msgid "\"{thread_id:?}: sent Message {i}\"" msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md msgid "\"{thread_id:?}: done\"" msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md msgid "\"Main: got {msg}\"" msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "With bounded (synchronous) channels, `send` can block the current thread:" msgstr "Cu canale limitate (sincrone), `send` poate bloca firul curent:" #: src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Calling `send` will block the current thread until there is space in the " "channel for the new message. The thread can be blocked indefinitely if there " "is nobody who reads from the channel." msgstr "" "Apelul la `send` va bloca firul curent până când va exista spațiu în canal " "pentru noul mesaj. Firul poate fi blocat la nesfârșit dacă nimeni nu citește " "de pe canal." #: src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "A call to `send` will abort with an error (that is why it returns `Result`) " "if the channel is closed. A channel is closed when the receiver is dropped." msgstr "" "Un apel la `send` va eșua cu o eroare (de aceea returnează `Result`) dacă " "canalul este închis. Un canal este închis atunci când receptorul este " "abandonat." #: src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "A bounded channel with a size of zero is called a \"rendezvous channel\". " "Every send will block the current thread until another thread calls `read`." msgstr "" "Un canal delimitat cu dimensiunea zero se numește \"canal de întâlnire\". " "Fiecare trimitere va bloca firul curent până când un alt fir va apela `read`." #: src/concurrency/send-sync.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "How does Rust know to forbid shared access across threads? The answer is in " "two traits:" msgstr "" "Cum știe Rust să interzică accesul partajat între fire de execuție? " "Răspunsul se află în două trăsături:" #: src/concurrency/send-sync.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`Send`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Send.html): a type `T` " "is `Send` if it is safe to move a `T` across a thread boundary." msgstr "" "[`Send`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Send.html): un tip `T` " "este `Send` dacă este sigur să muți un `T` peste o limită de fir." #: src/concurrency/send-sync.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`Sync`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Sync.html): a type `T` " "is `Sync` if it is safe to move a `&T` across a thread boundary." msgstr "" "[`Sync`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Sync.html): un tip `T` " "este `Sync` dacă este sigur să muți un `&T` peste o limită de fir." #: src/concurrency/send-sync.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Send` and `Sync` are [unsafe traits](../unsafe/unsafe-traits.md). The " "compiler will automatically derive them for your types as long as they only " "contain `Send` and `Sync` types. You can also implement them manually when " "you know it is valid." msgstr "" "`Send` și `Sync` sunt [trăsături nesigure](../unsafe/unsafe-traits.md). " "Compilatorul le va deriva în mod automat pentru tipurile dvs. atâta timp cât " "acestea conțin doar tipurile `Send` și `Sync`. De asemenea, le puteți " "implementa manual atunci când știți că este valabil." #: src/concurrency/send-sync.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "One can think of these traits as markers that the type has certain thread-" "safety properties." msgstr "" "Aceste trăsături pot fi considerate ca fiind indicatoare ale faptului că " "tipul are anumite proprietăți de siguranță a firelor." #: src/concurrency/send-sync.md #, fuzzy msgid "They can be used in the generic constraints as normal traits." msgstr "" "Acestea pot fi utilizate în cadrul constrângerilor generice ca și trăsături " "normale." #: src/concurrency/send-sync/send.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "A type `T` is [`Send`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Send.html) " "if it is safe to move a `T` value to another thread." msgstr "" "Un tip `T` este [`Send`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Send." "html) dacă este sigur să muți o valoare `T` către un alt fir." #: src/concurrency/send-sync/send.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The effect of moving ownership to another thread is that _destructors_ will " "run in that thread. So the question is when you can allocate a value in one " "thread and deallocate it in another." msgstr "" "Efectul mutării proprietății către un alt fir este că _destructori_ vor rula " "în acel fir. Așadar, întrebarea este când puteți aloca o valoare într-un fir " "și o puteți dezaloca în alt fir." #: src/concurrency/send-sync/send.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "As an example, a connection to the SQLite library must only be accessed from " "a single thread." msgstr "" "De exemplu, o conexiune la biblioteca SQLite trebuie să fie accesată numai " "de pe un singur fir de execuție." #: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "A type `T` is [`Sync`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Sync.html) " "if it is safe to access a `T` value from multiple threads at the same time." msgstr "" "Un tip `T` este [`Sync`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Sync." "html) dacă este sigur să accesezi o valoare `T` din mai multe fire de " "execuție în același timp." #: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md #, fuzzy msgid "More precisely, the definition is:" msgstr "Mai exact, definiția este:" #: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md #, fuzzy msgid "`T` is `Sync` if and only if `&T` is `Send`" msgstr "`T` este `Sync` dacă și numai dacă `&T` este `Send`" #: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "This statement is essentially a shorthand way of saying that if a type is " "thread-safe for shared use, it is also thread-safe to pass references of it " "across threads." msgstr "" "Această afirmație este, în esență, un mod prescurtat de a spune că, dacă un " "tip este sigur pentru utilizarea partajată, este, de asemenea, sigur pentru " "a trece referințe ale acestuia între fire." #: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "This is because if a type is Sync it means that it can be shared across " "multiple threads without the risk of data races or other synchronization " "issues, so it is safe to move it to another thread. A reference to the type " "is also safe to move to another thread, because the data it references can " "be accessed from any thread safely." msgstr "" "Acest lucru se datorează faptului că, dacă un tip este Sync, înseamnă că " "poate fi partajat între mai multe fire de execuție fără riscul de curse de " "date sau alte probleme de sincronizare, astfel încât este sigur să îl mutați " "pe un alt fir de execuție. O referință la tip este, de asemenea, sigură " "pentru a fi mutată în alt fir, deoarece datele la care face referire pot fi " "accesate în siguranță din orice fir." #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Send + Sync`" msgstr "`Send + Sync`" #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "Most types you come across are `Send + Sync`:" msgstr "Majoritatea tipurilor pe care le întâlniți sunt de tip `Send + Sync`:" #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "`i8`, `f32`, `bool`, `char`, `&str`, ..." msgstr "`i8`, `f32`, `bool`, `char`, `&str`, ..." #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "`(T1, T2)`, `[T; N]`, `&[T]`, `struct { x: T }`, ..." msgstr "`(T1, T2)`, `[T; N]`, `&[T]`, `struct { x: T }`, ..." #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "`String`, `Option`, `Vec`, `Box`, ..." msgstr "`String`, `Option`, `Vec`, `Box`, ..." #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Arc`: Explicitly thread-safe via atomic reference count." msgstr "" "`Arc`: În mod explicit, thread-safe prin numărul de referințe atomice." #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Mutex`: Explicitly thread-safe via internal locking." msgstr "`Mutex`: În mod explicit, thread-safe prin blocare internă." #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "`AtomicBool`, `AtomicU8`, ...: Uses special atomic instructions." msgstr "" "`AtomicBool`, `AtomicU8`, ....: Utilizează instrucțiuni atomice speciale." #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The generic types are typically `Send + Sync` when the type parameters are " "`Send + Sync`." msgstr "" "Tipurile generice sunt de obicei `Send + Sync` atunci când parametrii de tip " "sunt `Send + Sync`." #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Send + !Sync`" msgstr "`Send + !Sync`" #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "These types can be moved to other threads, but they're not thread-safe. " "Typically because of interior mutability:" msgstr "" "Aceste tipuri pot fi mutate în alte fire de execuție, dar nu sunt sigure " "pentru fire de execuție. De obicei, din cauza mutabilității interioare:" #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "`mpsc::Sender`" msgstr "`mpsc::Sender`" #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "`mpsc::Receiver`" msgstr "`mpsc::Receiver`" #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Cell`" msgstr "`Celula`" #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "`RefCell`" msgstr "`RefCell`" #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "`!Send + Sync`" msgstr "`!Send + Sync`" #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "These types are thread-safe, but they cannot be moved to another thread:" msgstr "" "Aceste tipuri sunt sigure pentru firul de execuție, dar nu pot fi mutate în " "alt fir de execuție:" #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`MutexGuard`: Uses OS level primitives which must be deallocated on " "the thread which created them." msgstr "" "`MutexGuard`: Utilizează primitive la nivelul sistemului de operare " "care trebuie să fie dezalocate pe firul care le-a creat." #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "`!Send + !Sync`" msgstr "`!Send +Sync`" #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "These types are not thread-safe and cannot be moved to other threads:" msgstr "" "Aceste tipuri nu sunt sigure pentru fire de execuție și nu pot fi mutate în " "alte fire de execuție:" #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Rc`: each `Rc` has a reference to an `RcBox`, which contains a non-" "atomic reference count." msgstr "" "`Rc`: fiecare `Rc` are o referință la un `RcBox`, care conține un " "număr de referințe neatomice." #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`*const T`, `*mut T`: Rust assumes raw pointers may have special concurrency " "considerations." msgstr "" "`*const T`, `*mut T`: Rust presupune că indicatoarele brute pot avea " "considerații speciale privind concurența." #: src/concurrency/shared_state.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust uses the type system to enforce synchronization of shared data. This is " "primarily done via two types:" msgstr "" "Rust utilizează sistemul de tipuri pentru a impune sincronizarea datelor " "partajate. Acest lucru se face în principal prin intermediul a două tipuri:" #: src/concurrency/shared_state.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`Arc`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html), atomic " "reference counted `T`: handles sharing between threads and takes care to " "deallocate `T` when the last reference is dropped," msgstr "" "[`Arc`]](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html), referință " "atomică numărată `T`: se ocupă de partajarea între fire și are grijă să " "dezalocalizeze `T` atunci când se renunță la ultima referință," #: src/concurrency/shared_state.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`Mutex`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html): ensures " "mutually exclusive access to the `T` value." msgstr "" "[`Mutex`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html): asigură " "accesul reciproc exclusiv la valoarea `T`." #: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`Arc`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html) allows shared " "read-only access via `Arc::clone`:" msgstr "" "[`Arc`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html) permite " "accesul partajat numai pentru citire prin intermediul `Arc::clone`:" #: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md msgid "\"{thread_id:?}: {v:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md msgid "\"v: {v:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Arc` stands for \"Atomic Reference Counted\", a thread safe version of `Rc` " "that uses atomic operations." msgstr "" "`Arc` este acronimul de la \"Atomic Reference Counted\", o versiune thread " "safe a `Rc` care utilizează operații atomice." #: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Arc` implements `Clone` whether or not `T` does. It implements `Send` " "and `Sync` if and only if `T` implements them both." msgstr "" "`Arc` implementează `Clone` indiferent dacă `T` o face sau nu. " "Implementează `Send` și `Sync` dacă și numai dacă `T` le implementează pe " "amândouă." #: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Arc::clone()` has the cost of atomic operations that get executed, but " "after that the use of the `T` is free." msgstr "" "`Arc::clone()` are costul operațiunilor atomice care se execută, dar după " "aceea utilizarea lui `T` este gratuită." #: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Beware of reference cycles, `Arc` does not use a garbage collector to detect " "them." msgstr "" "Atenție la ciclurile de referință, `Arc` nu folosește un garbage collector " "pentru a le detecta." #: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md #, fuzzy msgid "`std::sync::Weak` can help." msgstr "`std::sync::Weak` poate fi de ajutor." #: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`Mutex`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html) ensures " "mutual exclusion _and_ allows mutable access to `T` behind a read-only " "interface (another form of [interior mutability](../../borrowing/interior-" "mutability)):" msgstr "" "[`Mutex`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html) asigură " "excluderea reciprocă _și_ permite accesul mutabil la `T` în spatele unei " "interfețe de numai citire:" #: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md msgid "\"v: {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Notice how we have a [`impl Sync for Mutex`](https://doc.rust-" "lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html#impl-Sync-for-Mutex%3CT%3E) blanket " "implementation." msgstr "" "Observați cum avem o implementare de pătură [`impl Sync for " "Mutex`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html#impl-Sync-" "for-Mutex%3CT%3E)." #: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Mutex` in Rust looks like a collection with just one element --- the " "protected data." msgstr "" "`Mutex` în Rust arată ca o colecție cu un singur element - datele protejate." #: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "It is not possible to forget to acquire the mutex before accessing the " "protected data." msgstr "" "Nu este posibil să se uite să se achiziționeze mutexul înainte de a accesa " "datele protejate." #: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You can get an `&mut T` from an `&Mutex` by taking the lock. The " "`MutexGuard` ensures that the `&mut T` doesn't outlive the lock being held." msgstr "" "Puteți obține un `&mut T` dintr-un `&Mutex` prin luarea unui " "blocaj. `MutexGuard` se asigură că `&mut T` nu supraviețuiește mai mult " "decât blocajul deținut." #: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Mutex` implements both `Send` and `Sync` iff (if and only if) `T` " "implements `Send`." msgstr "" "`Mutex` implementează atât `Send` cât și `Sync` dacă (dacă și numai dacă) " "`T` implementează `Send`." #: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md #, fuzzy msgid "A read-write lock counterpart: `RwLock`." msgstr "O contraparte de blocare la citire-scriere - `RwLock`." #: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md #, fuzzy msgid "Why does `lock()` return a `Result`?" msgstr "De ce `lock()` returnează un `Result`?" #: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "If the thread that held the `Mutex` panicked, the `Mutex` becomes " "\"poisoned\" to signal that the data it protected might be in an " "inconsistent state. Calling `lock()` on a poisoned mutex fails with a " "[`PoisonError`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.PoisonError.html). " "You can call `into_inner()` on the error to recover the data regardless." msgstr "" "În cazul în care firul care deținea `Mutex` intră în panică, `Mutex` devine " "\"otrăvit\" pentru a semnala că datele pe care le protejează ar putea fi " "într-o stare inconsistentă. Apelul la `lock()` pe un mutex otrăvit eșuează " "cu un [`PoisonError`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.PoisonError." "html). Puteți apela `into_inner()` la eroare pentru a recupera datele " "indiferent de situație." #: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md #, fuzzy msgid "Let us see `Arc` and `Mutex` in action:" msgstr "Să vedem `Arc` și `Mutex` în acțiune:" #: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md msgid "// use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};\n" msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md #, fuzzy msgid "Possible solution:" msgstr "O posibilă soluție:" #: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md #, fuzzy msgid "Notable parts:" msgstr "Părți notabile:" #: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`v` is wrapped in both `Arc` and `Mutex`, because their concerns are " "orthogonal." msgstr "" "`v` este înfășurat atât în `Arc` cât și în `Mutex`, deoarece preocupările " "lor sunt ortogonale." #: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Wrapping a `Mutex` in an `Arc` is a common pattern to share mutable state " "between threads." msgstr "" "Înfășurarea unui `Mutex` într-un `Arc` este un model comun de partajare a " "stării mutabile între fire." #: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`v: Arc<_>` needs to be cloned as `v2` before it can be moved into another " "thread. Note `move` was added to the lambda signature." msgstr "" "`v: Arc<_>` trebuie să fie clonat ca `v2` înainte de a putea fi mutat într-" "un alt fir de execuție. Rețineți că `move` a fost adăugat la semnătura " "lambda." #: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Blocks are introduced to narrow the scope of the `LockGuard` as much as " "possible." msgstr "" "Blocurile sunt introduse pentru a restrânge cât mai mult posibil domeniul de " "aplicare al `LockGuard`." #: src/exercises/concurrency/morning.md #, fuzzy msgid "Let us practice our new concurrency skills with" msgstr "Să ne exersăm noile noastre abilități de concurență cu" #: src/exercises/concurrency/morning.md #, fuzzy msgid "Dining philosophers: a classic problem in concurrency." msgstr "Filozofii care mănâncă: o problemă clasică în concurență." #: src/exercises/concurrency/morning.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Multi-threaded link checker: a larger project where you'll use Cargo to " "download dependencies and then check links in parallel." msgstr "" "Verificator de legături cu mai multe fire: un proiect mai mare în care veți " "folosi Cargo pentru a descărca dependențele și apoi pentru a verifica " "legăturile în paralel." #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #, fuzzy msgid "The dining philosophers problem is a classic problem in concurrency:" msgstr "" "Problema filozofilor care servesc masa este o problemă clasică în domeniul " "concurenței:" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Five philosophers dine together at the same table. Each philosopher has " "their own place at the table. There is a fork between each plate. The dish " "served is a kind of spaghetti which has to be eaten with two forks. Each " "philosopher can only alternately think and eat. Moreover, a philosopher can " "only eat their spaghetti when they have both a left and right fork. Thus two " "forks will only be available when their two nearest neighbors are thinking, " "not eating. After an individual philosopher finishes eating, they will put " "down both forks." msgstr "" "Cinci filozofi iau masa împreună la aceeași masă. Fiecare filozof are " "propriul loc la masă. Între fiecare farfurie se află câte o furculiță. Felul " "de mâncare servit este un fel de spaghete care trebuie mâncate cu două " "furculițe. Fiecare filozof nu poate decât să gândească și să mănânce " "alternativ. În plus, un filozof poate mânca spaghetele doar dacă are atât " "furculița din stânga, cât și cea din dreapta. Astfel, cele două furculițe " "vor fi disponibile doar atunci când cei doi vecini cei mai apropiați " "gândesc, nu mănâncă. După ce un filozof individual termină de mâncat, el va " "pune jos ambele furculițe." #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You will need a local [Cargo installation](../../cargo/running-locally.md) " "for this exercise. Copy the code below to a file called `src/main.rs`, fill " "out the blanks, and test that `cargo run` does not deadlock:" msgstr "" "Veți avea nevoie de o [instalare Cargo] locală (../../cargo/running-locally." "md) pentru acest exercițiu. Copiați codul de mai jos într-un fișier numit " "`src/main.rs`, completați spațiile goale și testați dacă `cargo run` nu se " "blochează:" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md msgid "" "// left_fork: ...\n" " // right_fork: ...\n" " // thoughts: ...\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"Eureka! {} has a new idea!\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "// Pick up forks...\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"{} is eating...\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"Socrates\"" msgstr "Lăzi HAL" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"Hypatia\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"Plato\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"Aristotle\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"Pythagoras\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "// Create forks\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "// Create philosophers\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md msgid "// Make each of them think and eat 100 times\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "// Output their thoughts\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #, fuzzy msgid "You can use the following `Cargo.toml`:" msgstr "Puteți utiliza următorul `Cargo.toml`:" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "```toml\n" "[package]\n" "name = \"dining-philosophers\"\n" "version = \"0.1.0\"\n" "edition = \"2021\"\n" "```" msgstr "" "```toml\n" "[pachet]\n" "name = \"dining-philosophers\"\n" "versiune = \"0.1.0\"\n" "edition = \"2021\"\n" "```" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Let us use our new knowledge to create a multi-threaded link checker. It " "should start at a webpage and check that links on the page are valid. It " "should recursively check other pages on the same domain and keep doing this " "until all pages have been validated." msgstr "" "Să folosim noile noastre cunoștințe pentru a crea un verificator de legături " "cu mai multe fire. Acesta ar trebui să pornească de la o pagină web și să " "verifice dacă legăturile de pe pagină sunt valide. Ar trebui să verifice în " "mod recursiv alte pagini din același domeniu și să continue să facă acest " "lucru până când toate paginile sunt validate." #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "For this, you will need an HTTP client such as [`reqwest`](https://docs.rs/" "reqwest/). Create a new Cargo project and `reqwest` it as a dependency with:" msgstr "" "Pentru aceasta, veți avea nevoie de un client HTTP, cum ar fi [`reqwest`]" "(https://docs.rs/reqwest/). Creați un nou proiect Cargo și `reqwest` ca " "dependență cu:" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "If `cargo add` fails with `error: no such subcommand`, then please edit the " "`Cargo.toml` file by hand. Add the dependencies listed below." msgstr "" "Dacă `cargo add` eșuează cu `error: no such subcommand`, atunci vă rugăm să " "editați manual fișierul `Cargo.toml`. Adăugați dependențele enumerate mai " "jos." #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You will also need a way to find links. We can use [`scraper`](https://docs." "rs/scraper/) for that:" msgstr "" "Veți avea nevoie, de asemenea, de o modalitate de a găsi legături. Putem " "folosi [`scraper`](https://docs.rs/scraper/) pentru asta:" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Finally, we'll need some way of handling errors. We use [`thiserror`]" "(https://docs.rs/thiserror/) for that:" msgstr "" "În cele din urmă, vom avea nevoie de o modalitate de gestionare a erorilor. " "Pentru aceasta, vom folosi [`thiserror`](https://docs.rs/thiserror/):" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The `cargo add` calls will update the `Cargo.toml` file to look like this:" msgstr "" "Apelurile `cargo add` vor actualiza fișierul `Cargo.toml` astfel încât să " "arate astfel:" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "```toml\n" "[package]\n" "name = \"link-checker\"\n" "version = \"0.1.0\"\n" "edition = \"2021\"\n" "publish = false\n" "\n" "[dependencies]\n" "reqwest = { version = \"0.11.12\", features = [\"blocking\", \"rustls-" "tls\"] }\n" "scraper = \"0.13.0\"\n" "thiserror = \"1.0.37\"\n" "```" msgstr "" "```toml\n" "[pachet]\n" "name = \"link-checker\"\n" "versiune = \"0.1.0\"\n" "edition = \"2021\"\n" "publish = false\n" "\n" "[dependențe]\n" "reqwest = { version = \"0.11.12\", features = [\"blocking\", \"rustls-" "tls\"]] } }\n" "scraper = \"0.13.0\"\n" "thiserror = \"1.0.37\"\n" "```" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You can now download the start page. Try with a small site such as `https://" "www.google.org/`." msgstr "" "Acum puteți descărca pagina de start. Încercați cu un site mic, cum ar fi " "`https://www.google.org/`." #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #, fuzzy msgid "Your `src/main.rs` file should look something like this:" msgstr "Fișierul dvs. `src/main.rs` ar trebui să arate cam așa:" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"request error: {0}\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"bad http response: {0}\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"Checking {:#}\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"href\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"On {base_url:#}: ignored unparsable {href:?}: {err}\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"https://www.google.org\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md msgid "\"Links: {links:#?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md msgid "\"Could not extract links: {err:#}\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #, fuzzy msgid "Run the code in `src/main.rs` with" msgstr "Rulați codul din `src/main.rs` cu" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Use threads to check the links in parallel: send the URLs to be checked to a " "channel and let a few threads check the URLs in parallel." msgstr "" "Folosiți fire de execuție pentru a verifica legăturile în paralel: trimiteți " "URL-urile care trebuie verificate pe un canal și lăsați câteva fire de " "execuție să verifice URL-urile în paralel." #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Extend this to recursively extract links from all pages on the `www.google." "org` domain. Put an upper limit of 100 pages or so so that you don't end up " "being blocked by the site." msgstr "" "Extindeți acest lucru pentru a extrage în mod recursiv legăturile din toate " "paginile de pe domeniul `www.google.org`. Puneți o limită superioară de " "aproximativ 100 de pagini, astfel încât să nu ajungeți să fiți blocat de " "site." #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md #, fuzzy msgid "Concurrency Morning Exercise" msgstr "Concurrency Exercițiu de dimineață" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md #, fuzzy msgid "([back to exercise](dining-philosophers.md))" msgstr "([back to exercise](dining-philosophers.md))" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"{} is trying to eat\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "" "// To avoid a deadlock, we have to break the symmetry\n" " // somewhere. This will swap the forks without deinitializing\n" " // either of them.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"{thought}\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md #, fuzzy msgid "Link Checker" msgstr "Verificator de legături" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md #, fuzzy msgid "([back to exercise](link-checker.md))" msgstr "([back to exercise](link-checker.md))" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "" "/// Determine whether links within the given page should be extracted.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "" "/// Mark the given page as visited, returning false if it had already\n" " /// been visited.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "// The sender got dropped. No more commands coming in.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"Got crawling error: {:#}\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"Bad URLs: {:#?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/async.md #, fuzzy msgid "Async Rust" msgstr "Async Rust" #: src/async.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "\"Async\" is a concurrency model where multiple tasks are executed " "concurrently by executing each task until it would block, then switching to " "another task that is ready to make progress. The model allows running a " "larger number of tasks on a limited number of threads. This is because the " "per-task overhead is typically very low and operating systems provide " "primitives for efficiently identifying I/O that is able to proceed." msgstr "" "\"Async\" este un model de simultaneitate în care mai multe sarcini sunt " "executate simultan prin executarea fiecărei sarcini până când se blochează, " "apoi se trece la o altă sarcină care este gata să progreseze. Acest model " "permite rularea unui număr mai mare de sarcini pe un număr limitat de fire " "de execuție. Acest lucru se datorează faptului că, de obicei, costurile de " "operare per sarcină sunt foarte scăzute, iar sistemele de operare oferă " "primitive pentru identificarea eficientă a I/O care pot continua." #: src/async.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust's asynchronous operation is based on \"futures\", which represent work " "that may be completed in the future. Futures are \"polled\" until they " "signal that they are complete." msgstr "" "Funcționarea asincronă a Rust se bazează pe \"futures\", care reprezintă " "munca ce poate fi finalizată în viitor. Futures sunt \"interogate\" până " "când semnalează că sunt finalizate." #: src/async.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Futures are polled by an async runtime, and several different runtimes are " "available." msgstr "" "Futures sunt interogate de un timp de execuție asincron și sunt disponibile " "mai multe timpuri de execuție diferite." #: src/async.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Python has a similar model in its `asyncio`. However, its `Future` type is " "callback-based, and not polled. Async Python programs require a \"loop\", " "similar to a runtime in Rust." msgstr "" "Python are un model similar în `asyncio`. Cu toate acestea, tipul său " "`Future` se bazează pe callback și nu pe polled. Programele asincrone din " "Python necesită o \"buclă\", similară cu un timp de execuție în Rust." #: src/async.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "JavaScript's `Promise` is similar, but again callback-based. The language " "runtime implements the event loop, so many of the details of Promise " "resolution are hidden." msgstr "" "`Promise` din JavaScript este similar, dar se bazează din nou pe callback. " "Timpul de execuție al limbajului implementează bucla de evenimente, astfel " "încât multe dintre detaliile rezolvării promisiunilor sunt ascunse." #: src/async/async-await.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "At a high level, async Rust code looks very much like \"normal\" sequential " "code:" msgstr "" "La un nivel înalt, codul Rust asincron seamănă foarte mult cu codul " "secvențial \"normal\":" #: src/async/async-await.md msgid "\"Count is: {i}!\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/async-await.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Note that this is a simplified example to show the syntax. There is no long " "running operation or any real concurrency in it!" msgstr "" "Rețineți că acesta este un exemplu simplificat pentru a arăta sintaxa. Nu " "există nicio operațiune de lungă durată sau vreo concurență reală!" #: src/async/async-await.md #, fuzzy msgid "What is the return type of an async call?" msgstr "Care este tipul de returnare al unui apel asincron?" #: src/async/async-await.md #, fuzzy msgid "Use `let future: () = async_main(10);` in `main` to see the type." msgstr "" "Utilizați `let future: () = async_main(10);` în `main` pentru a vedea tipul." #: src/async/async-await.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The \"async\" keyword is syntactic sugar. The compiler replaces the return " "type with a future." msgstr "" "Cuvântul cheie \"async\" este un zahăr sintactic. Compilatorul înlocuiește " "tipul return cu un future." #: src/async/async-await.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You cannot make `main` async, without additional instructions to the " "compiler on how to use the returned future." msgstr "" "Nu puteți face ca `main` să fie asincron, fără instrucțiuni suplimentare " "pentru compilator cu privire la modul de utilizare a viitorului returnat." #: src/async/async-await.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You need an executor to run async code. `block_on` blocks the current thread " "until the provided future has run to completion." msgstr "" "Aveți nevoie de un executor pentru a rula cod asincron. `block_on` blochează " "firul curent până când viitorul furnizat a fost executat până la finalizare." #: src/async/async-await.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`.await` asynchronously waits for the completion of another operation. " "Unlike `block_on`, `.await` doesn't block the current thread." msgstr "" "`.await` așteaptă în mod asincron finalizarea unei alte operațiuni. Spre " "deosebire de `block_on`, `.await` nu blochează firul curent." #: src/async/async-await.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`.await` can only be used inside an `async` function (or block; these are " "introduced later)." msgstr "" "`.await` poate fi folosit numai în interiorul unei funcții `async` (sau " "bloc; acestea sunt prezentate mai târziu)." #: src/async/futures.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`Future`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/future/trait.Future.html) is a " "trait, implemented by objects that represent an operation that may not be " "complete yet. A future can be polled, and `poll` returns a [`Poll`](https://" "doc.rust-lang.org/std/task/enum.Poll.html)." msgstr "" "[`Future`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/future/trait.Future.html) este o " "trăsătură, implementată de obiecte care reprezintă o operațiune care poate " "să nu fie încă finalizată. Un viitor poate fi interogat, iar `poll` " "returnează un [`Poll`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/task/enum.Poll.html)." #: src/async/futures.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "An async function returns an `impl Future`. It's also possible (but " "uncommon) to implement `Future` for your own types. For example, the " "`JoinHandle` returned from `tokio::spawn` implements `Future` to allow " "joining to it." msgstr "" "O funcție asincronă returnează un `impl Future`. De asemenea, este posibil " "(dar mai puțin obișnuit) să implementați `Future` pentru propriile tipuri. " "De exemplu, `JoinHandle` returnat de `tokio::spawn` implementează `Future` " "pentru a permite îmbinarea cu acesta." #: src/async/futures.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The `.await` keyword, applied to a Future, causes the current async function " "to pause until that Future is ready, and then evaluates to its output." msgstr "" "Cuvântul cheie `.await`, aplicat la un Future, determină funcția asincronă " "curentă să se oprească până când Future-ul este gata și apoi evaluează la " "ieșire." #: src/async/futures.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The `Future` and `Poll` types are implemented exactly as shown; click the " "links to show the implementations in the docs." msgstr "" "Tipurile `Future` și `Poll` sunt implementate exact așa cum se arată; faceți " "clic pe linkuri pentru a vedea implementările din documentație." #: src/async/futures.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "We will not get to `Pin` and `Context`, as we will focus on writing async " "code, rather than building new async primitives. Briefly:" msgstr "" "Nu vom ajunge la `Pin` și `Context`, deoarece ne vom concentra pe scrierea " "de cod asincron, mai degrabă decât pe construirea de noi primitive " "asincrone. Pe scurt:" #: src/async/futures.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Context` allows a Future to schedule itself to be polled again when an " "event occurs." msgstr "" "`Context` permite unui Future să se programeze pentru a fi interogat din nou " "atunci când are loc un eveniment." #: src/async/futures.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Pin` ensures that the Future isn't moved in memory, so that pointers into " "that future remain valid. This is required to allow references to remain " "valid after an `.await`." msgstr "" "`Pin` se asigură că viitorul nu este mutat în memorie, astfel încât " "indicatorii către acel viitor rămân valabili. Acest lucru este necesar " "pentru a permite ca referințele să rămână valabile după un `.await`." #: src/async/runtimes.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "A _runtime_ provides support for performing operations asynchronously (a " "_reactor_) and is responsible for executing futures (an _executor_). Rust " "does not have a \"built-in\" runtime, but several options are available:" msgstr "" "Un _runtime_ oferă suport pentru efectuarea de operații asincrone (un " "_reactor_) și este responsabil pentru executarea futures (un _executor_). " "Rust nu are un timp de execuție \"încorporat\", dar sunt disponibile mai " "multe opțiuni:" #: src/async/runtimes.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[Tokio](https://tokio.rs/): performant, with a well-developed ecosystem of " "functionality like [Hyper](https://hyper.rs/) for HTTP or [Tonic](https://" "github.com/hyperium/tonic) for gRPC." msgstr "" "[Tokio](https://tokio.rs/): performant, cu un ecosistem bine dezvoltat de " "funcționalități precum [Hyper](https://hyper.rs/) pentru HTTP sau [Tonic]" "(https://github.com/hyperium/tonic) pentru gRPC." #: src/async/runtimes.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[async-std](https://async.rs/): aims to be a \"std for async\", and includes " "a basic runtime in `async::task`." msgstr "" "[async-std](https://async.rs/): își propune să fie un \"std pentru async\" " "și include un timp de execuție de bază în `async::task`." #: src/async/runtimes.md #, fuzzy msgid "[smol](https://docs.rs/smol/latest/smol/): simple and lightweight" msgstr "[smol](https://docs.rs/smol/latest/smol/): simplu și ușor" #: src/async/runtimes.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Several larger applications have their own runtimes. For example, [Fuchsia]" "(https://fuchsia.googlesource.com/fuchsia/+/refs/heads/main/src/lib/fuchsia-" "async/src/lib.rs) already has one." msgstr "" "Mai multe aplicații mai mari au propriile lor timpuri de execuție. De " "exemplu, [Fuchsia](https://fuchsia.googlesource.com/fuchsia/+/refs/heads/" "main/src/lib/fuchsia-async/src/lib.rs) are deja unul." #: src/async/runtimes.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Note that of the listed runtimes, only Tokio is supported in the Rust " "playground. The playground also does not permit any I/O, so most interesting " "async things can't run in the playground." msgstr "" "Rețineți că, dintre timpii de execuție enumerați, numai Tokio este acceptat " "în zona de joacă Rust. De asemenea, terenul de joacă nu permite niciun fel " "de I/O, astfel încât cele mai multe lucruri asincrone interesante nu pot fi " "rulate în terenul de joacă." #: src/async/runtimes.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Futures are \"inert\" in that they do not do anything (not even start an I/O " "operation) unless there is an executor polling them. This differs from JS " "Promises, for example, which will run to completion even if they are never " "used." msgstr "" "Futures sunt \"inerți\", în sensul că nu fac nimic (nici măcar nu încep o " "operațiune de I/O) decât dacă există un executor care să le interogheze. " "Acest lucru este diferit de JS Promises, de exemplu, care vor fi executate " "până la finalizare chiar dacă nu sunt folosite niciodată." #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md #, fuzzy msgid "Tokio provides:" msgstr "Tokio oferă:" #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md #, fuzzy msgid "A multi-threaded runtime for executing asynchronous code." msgstr "" "Un timp de execuție cu mai multe fire de execuție pentru executarea de cod " "asincron." #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md #, fuzzy msgid "An asynchronous version of the standard library." msgstr "O versiune asincronă a bibliotecii standard." #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md #, fuzzy msgid "A large ecosystem of libraries." msgstr "Un ecosistem mare de biblioteci." #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md msgid "\"Count in task: {i}!\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md msgid "\"Main task: {i}\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md #, fuzzy msgid "With the `tokio::main` macro we can now make `main` async." msgstr "" "Cu ajutorul macroului `tokio::main` putem face acum ca `main` să fie " "asincronizat." #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md #, fuzzy msgid "The `spawn` function creates a new, concurrent \"task\"." msgstr "Funcția `spawn` creează o nouă \"sarcină\" concurentă." #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md #, fuzzy msgid "Note: `spawn` takes a `Future`, you don't call `.await` on `count_to`." msgstr "Notă: `spawn` ia un `Future`, nu se apelează `.await` pe `count_to`." #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md #, fuzzy msgid "**Further exploration:**" msgstr "**Explorare suplimentară:**" #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Why does `count_to` not (usually) get to 10? This is an example of async " "cancellation. `tokio::spawn` returns a handle which can be awaited to wait " "until it finishes." msgstr "" "De ce `count_to` nu ajunge (de obicei) la 10? Acesta este un exemplu de " "anulare asincronă. `tokio::spawn` returnează un handle care poate fi " "așteptat pentru a aștepta până când se termină." #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md #, fuzzy msgid "Try `count_to(10).await` instead of spawning." msgstr "Încearcă `count_to(10).await` în loc de spawning." #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md #, fuzzy msgid "Try awaiting the task returned from `tokio::spawn`." msgstr "Încercați să așteptați sarcina returnată de `tokio::spawn`." #: src/async/tasks.md #, fuzzy msgid "Rust has a task system, which is a form of lightweight threading." msgstr "Rust are un sistem de sarcini, care este o formă de threading ușor." #: src/async/tasks.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "A task has a single top-level future which the executor polls to make " "progress. That future may have one or more nested futures that its `poll` " "method polls, corresponding loosely to a call stack. Concurrency within a " "task is possible by polling multiple child futures, such as racing a timer " "and an I/O operation." msgstr "" "O sarcină are un singur viitor de nivel superior pe care executorul îl " "sondează pentru a progresa. Acel viitor poate avea unul sau mai multe " "viitoare imbricate pe care metoda sa `poll` le interoghează, ceea ce " "corespunde, în linii mari, unei stive de apeluri. Concurența în cadrul unei " "sarcini este posibilă prin interogarea mai multor futures mai mici, cum ar " "fi cursele dintre un cronometru și o operațiune I/O." #: src/async/tasks.md msgid "\"127.0.0.1:0\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/tasks.md msgid "\"listening on port {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/tasks.md msgid "\"connection from {addr:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/tasks.md msgid "b\"Who are you?\\n\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/tasks.md msgid "\"socket error\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/tasks.md msgid "\"Thanks for dialing in, {name}!\\n\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/tasks.md src/async/control-flow/join.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Copy this example into your prepared `src/main.rs` and run it from there." msgstr "" "Copiați acest exemplu în fișierul pregătit `src/main.rs` și rulați-l de " "acolo." #: src/async/tasks.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Try connecting to it with a TCP connection tool like [nc](https://www.unix." "com/man-page/linux/1/nc/) or [telnet](https://www.unix.com/man-page/linux/1/" "telnet/)." msgstr "" "Încercați să vă conectați la acesta cu un instrument de conexiune TCP, cum " "ar fi [nc](https://www.unix.com/man-page/linux/1/nc/) sau [telnet](https://" "www.unix.com/man-page/linux/1/telnet/)." #: src/async/tasks.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Ask students to visualize what the state of the example server would be with " "a few connected clients. What tasks exist? What are their Futures?" msgstr "" "Cereți elevilor să vizualizeze care ar fi starea serverului de exemplu cu " "câțiva clienți conectați. Ce sarcini există? Care este viitorul lor?" #: src/async/tasks.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "This is the first time we've seen an `async` block. This is similar to a " "closure, but does not take any arguments. Its return value is a Future, " "similar to an `async fn`." msgstr "" "Aceasta este prima dată când vedem un bloc `async`. Acesta este asemănător " "cu o închidere, dar nu primește niciun argument. Valoarea sa de întoarcere " "este un Future, similar cu un `async fn`." #: src/async/tasks.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Refactor the async block into a function, and improve the error handling " "using `?`." msgstr "" "Refaceți blocul asincron într-o funcție și îmbunătățiți gestionarea erorilor " "folosind `?`." #: src/async/channels.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Several crates have support for asynchronous channels. For instance `tokio`:" msgstr "" "Mai multe crates au suport pentru canale asincrone. De exemplu, `tokio`:" #: src/async/channels.md msgid "\"Received {count} pings so far.\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/channels.md msgid "\"ping_handler complete\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/channels.md msgid "\"Failed to send ping.\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/channels.md msgid "\"Sent {} pings so far.\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/channels.md msgid "\"Something went wrong in ping handler task.\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/channels.md #, fuzzy msgid "Change the channel size to `3` and see how it affects the execution." msgstr "" "Schimbați dimensiunea canalului la `3` și vedeți cum afectează execuția." #: src/async/channels.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Overall, the interface is similar to the `sync` channels as seen in the " "[morning class](concurrency/channels.md)." msgstr "" "În general, interfața este similară cu cea a canalelor `sync`, așa cum se " "vede în [morning class](concurrency/channels.md)." #: src/async/channels.md #, fuzzy msgid "Try removing the `std::mem::drop` call. What happens? Why?" msgstr "Încercați să eliminați apelul `std::mem::drop`. Ce se întâmplă? De ce?" #: src/async/channels.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The [Flume](https://docs.rs/flume/latest/flume/) crate has channels that " "implement both `sync` and `async` `send` and `recv`. This can be convenient " "for complex applications with both IO and heavy CPU processing tasks." msgstr "" "Crate [Flume](https://docs.rs/flume/latest/flume/) are canale care " "implementează atât `sync` cât și `async` `send` și `recv`. Acest lucru poate " "fi convenabil pentru aplicațiile complexe cu sarcini de procesare atât IO, " "cât și grele pentru CPU." #: src/async/channels.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "What makes working with `async` channels preferable is the ability to " "combine them with other `future`s to combine them and create complex control " "flow." msgstr "" "Ceea ce face ca lucrul cu canalele `async` să fie preferabil este " "capacitatea de a le combina cu alte `future` pentru a le combina și a crea " "un flux de control complex." #: src/async/control-flow.md #, fuzzy msgid "Futures Control Flow" msgstr "Fluxul de control al contractelor futures" #: src/async/control-flow.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Futures can be combined together to produce concurrent compute flow graphs. " "We have already seen tasks, that function as independent threads of " "execution." msgstr "" "Futures pot fi combinate împreună pentru a produce grafice de flux de calcul " "concurent. Am văzut deja sarcini, care funcționează ca fire de execuție " "independente." #: src/async/control-flow.md #, fuzzy msgid "[Join](control-flow/join.md)" msgstr "[Join](control-flow/join.md)" #: src/async/control-flow.md #, fuzzy msgid "[Select](control-flow/select.md)" msgstr "[Selectare](control-flow/select.md)" #: src/async/control-flow/join.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "A join operation waits until all of a set of futures are ready, and returns " "a collection of their results. This is similar to `Promise.all` in " "JavaScript or `asyncio.gather` in Python." msgstr "" "O operațiune de îmbinare așteaptă până când toți viitorii dintr-un set de " "viitoare sunt gata și returnează o colecție de rezultate ale acestora. Acest " "lucru este similar cu `Promise.all` în JavaScript sau `asyncio.gather` în " "Python." #: src/async/control-flow/join.md msgid "\"https://google.com\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/control-flow/join.md msgid "\"https://httpbin.org/ip\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/control-flow/join.md msgid "\"https://play.rust-lang.org/\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/control-flow/join.md msgid "\"BAD_URL\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/control-flow/join.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "For multiple futures of disjoint types, you can use `std::future::join!` but " "you must know how many futures you will have at compile time. This is " "currently in the `futures` crate, soon to be stabilised in `std::future`." msgstr "" "Pentru mai multe futures de tipuri disjuncte, puteți utiliza `std::future::" "join!`, dar trebuie să știți câte futures veți avea în momentul compilării. " "Acest lucru se află în prezent în crăiasa `futures`, urmând a fi stabilizat " "în curând în `std::future`." #: src/async/control-flow/join.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The risk of `join` is that one of the futures may never resolve, this would " "cause your program to stall." msgstr "" "Riscul `join` este ca unul dintre futures să nu se rezolve niciodată, ceea " "ce ar face ca programul dumneavoastră să se blocheze." #: src/async/control-flow/join.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You can also combine `join_all` with `join!` for instance to join all " "requests to an http service as well as a database query. Try adding a " "`tokio::time::sleep` to the future, using `futures::join!`. This is not a " "timeout (that requires `select!`, explained in the next chapter), but " "demonstrates `join!`." msgstr "" "De asemenea, puteți combina `join_all` cu `join!`, de exemplu, pentru a uni " "toate cererile către un serviciu http, precum și o interogare a unei baze de " "date. Încercați să adăugați un `tokio::time::sleep` la viitor, folosind " "`futures::join!`. Acesta nu este un timeout (care necesită `select!`, " "explicat în capitolul următor), ci demonstrează `join!`." #: src/async/control-flow/select.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "A select operation waits until any of a set of futures is ready, and " "responds to that future's result. In JavaScript, this is similar to `Promise." "race`. In Python, it compares to `asyncio.wait(task_set, return_when=asyncio." "FIRST_COMPLETED)`." msgstr "" "O operațiune de selectare așteaptă până când oricare dintre un set de " "viitoare este gata și răspunde la rezultatul viitorului respectiv. În " "JavaScript, această operațiune este similară cu `Promise.race`. În Python, " "se compară cu `asyncio.wait(task_set, return_when=asyncio.FIRST_COMPLETED)`." #: src/async/control-flow/select.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Similar to a match statement, the body of `select!` has a number of arms, " "each of the form `pattern = future => statement`. When a `future` is ready, " "its return value is destructured by the `pattern`. The `statement` is then " "run with the resulting variables. The `statement` result becomes the result " "of the `select!` macro." msgstr "" "La fel ca o instrucțiune match, corpul instrucțiunii `select!` are mai multe " "brațe, fiecare de forma `pattern = future => statement`. Când `future` este " "gata, `statement` este executat cu variabilele din `pattern` legate de " "rezultatul `future`." #: src/async/control-flow/select.md msgid "\"Felix\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/control-flow/select.md msgid "\"Failed to send cat.\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/control-flow/select.md msgid "\"Rex\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/control-flow/select.md msgid "\"Failed to send dog.\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/control-flow/select.md msgid "\"Failed to receive winner\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/control-flow/select.md msgid "\"Winner is {winner:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/control-flow/select.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "In this example, we have a race between a cat and a dog. " "`first_animal_to_finish_race` listens to both channels and will pick " "whichever arrives first. Since the dog takes 50ms, it wins against the cat " "that take 500ms." msgstr "" "În acest exemplu, avem o cursă între o pisică și un câine. " "`first_animal_to_finish_race` ascultă ambele canale și îl va alege pe cel " "care ajunge primul. Deoarece câinele are nevoie de 50ms, câștigă împotriva " "pisicii care are nevoie de 500ms." #: src/async/control-flow/select.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You can use `oneshot` channels in this example as the channels are supposed " "to receive only one `send`." msgstr "" "În acest exemplu, puteți utiliza canale `oneshot`, deoarece canalele trebuie " "să primească doar un singur `send`." #: src/async/control-flow/select.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Try adding a deadline to the race, demonstrating selecting different sorts " "of futures." msgstr "" "Încercați să adăugați un termen limită la cursă, demonstrând că ați selectat " "diferite tipuri de viitoruri." #: src/async/control-flow/select.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Note that `select!` drops unmatched branches, which cancels their futures. " "It is easiest to use when every execution of `select!` creates new futures." msgstr "" "Rețineți că `select!` renunță la ramurile nepotrivite, ceea ce anulează " "viitorul acestora. Este cel mai ușor de utilizat atunci când fiecare " "execuție a `select!` creează noi futures." #: src/async/control-flow/select.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "An alternative is to pass `&mut future` instead of the future itself, but " "this can lead to issues, further discussed in the pinning slide." msgstr "" "O alternativă este de a trece `&mut future` în locul viitorului însuși, dar " "acest lucru poate duce la probleme, discutate în continuare în slide-ul cu " "privire la fixarea." #: src/async/pitfalls.md #, fuzzy msgid "Pitfalls of async/await" msgstr "Capcanele lui async/await" #: src/async/pitfalls.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Async / await provides convenient and efficient abstraction for concurrent " "asynchronous programming. However, the async/await model in Rust also comes " "with its share of pitfalls and footguns. We illustrate some of them in this " "chapter:" msgstr "" "Async / await oferă o abstractizare convenabilă și eficientă pentru " "programarea asincronă concurentă. Cu toate acestea, modelul async/await din " "Rust vine și el cu partea sa de capcane și piedici. În acest capitol " "ilustrăm câteva dintre ele:" #: src/async/pitfalls.md #, fuzzy msgid "[Blocking the Executor](pitfalls/blocking-executor.md)" msgstr "[Blocarea executorului](pitfalls/blocking-executor.md)" #: src/async/pitfalls.md #, fuzzy msgid "[Pin](pitfalls/pin.md)" msgstr "[Pin](pitfalls/pin.md)" #: src/async/pitfalls.md #, fuzzy msgid "[Async Traits](pitfalls/async-traits.md)" msgstr "[Trăsături asincrone](pitfalls/async-traits.md)" #: src/async/pitfalls.md #, fuzzy msgid "[Cancellation](pitfalls/cancellation.md)" msgstr "[Anulare](pitfalls/cancellation.md)" #: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md #, fuzzy msgid "Blocking the executor" msgstr "Blocarea executorului" #: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Most async runtimes only allow IO tasks to run concurrently. This means that " "CPU blocking tasks will block the executor and prevent other tasks from " "being executed. An easy workaround is to use async equivalent methods where " "possible." msgstr "" "Majoritatea timpilor de execuție asincronă permit doar executarea simultană " "a sarcinilor IO. Aceasta înseamnă că sarcinile care blochează CPU vor bloca " "executorul și vor împiedica executarea altor sarcini. O soluție ușoară este " "utilizarea unor metode echivalente asincrone acolo unde este posibil." #: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md msgid "\"future {id} slept for {duration_ms}ms, finished after {}ms\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md msgid "\"current_thread\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Run the code and see that the sleeps happen consecutively rather than " "concurrently." msgstr "" "Rulați codul și vedeți că somnul se produce consecutiv și nu concomitent." #: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The `\"current_thread\"` flavor puts all tasks on a single thread. This " "makes the effect more obvious, but the bug is still present in the multi-" "threaded flavor." msgstr "" "Aroma `\"current_thread\"` pune toate sarcinile pe un singur fir. Acest " "lucru face ca efectul să fie mai evident, dar eroarea este încă prezentă în " "varianta cu mai multe fire." #: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Switch the `std::thread::sleep` to `tokio::time::sleep` and await its result." msgstr "" "Schimbă `std::thread::sleep` cu `tokio::time::sleep` și așteaptă rezultatul." #: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Another fix would be to `tokio::task::spawn_blocking` which spawns an actual " "thread and transforms its handle into a future without blocking the executor." msgstr "" "O altă soluție ar fi `tokio::task::spawn_blocking` care generează un fir " "real și transformă mânerul său într-un viitor fără a bloca executorul." #: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You should not think of tasks as OS threads. They do not map 1 to 1 and most " "executors will allow many tasks to run on a single OS thread. This is " "particularly problematic when interacting with other libraries via FFI, " "where that library might depend on thread-local storage or map to specific " "OS threads (e.g., CUDA). Prefer `tokio::task::spawn_blocking` in such " "situations." msgstr "" "Nu ar trebui să vă gândiți la sarcini ca la fire de sistem de operare. " "Acestea nu se corelează 1 la 1 și majoritatea executorilor vor permite " "rularea mai multor sarcini pe un singur fir OS. Acest lucru este deosebit de " "problematic atunci când interacționați cu alte biblioteci prin intermediul " "FFI, în cazul în care biblioteca respectivă ar putea depinde de stocarea " "locală a firelor de execuție sau ar putea fi mapată pe anumite fire de " "execuție ale sistemului de operare (de exemplu, CUDA). Preferați `tokio::" "task::spawn_blocking` în astfel de situații." #: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Use sync mutexes with care. Holding a mutex over an `.await` may cause " "another task to block, and that task may be running on the same thread." msgstr "" "Utilizați mutexurile de sincronizare cu grijă. Menținerea unui mutex peste " "un `.await` poate provoca blocarea unei alte sarcini, iar acea sarcină poate " "fi executată pe același fir." #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "" "Async blocks and functions return types implementing the `Future` trait. The " "type returned is the result of a compiler transformation which turns local " "variables into data stored inside the future." msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "" "Some of those variables can hold pointers to other local variables. Because " "of that, the future should never be moved to a different memory location, as " "it would invalidate those pointers." msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "" "To prevent moving the future type in memory, it can only be polled through a " "pinned pointer. `Pin` is a wrapper around a reference that disallows all " "operations that would move the instance it points to into a different memory " "location." msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "" "// A work item. In this case, just sleep for the given time and respond\n" "// with a message on the `respond_on` channel.\n" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "// A worker which listens for work on a queue and performs it.\n" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "// Pretend to work.\n" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "\"failed to send response\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "// TODO: report number of iterations every 100ms\n" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "// A requester which requests work and waits for it to complete.\n" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "\"failed to send on work queue\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "\"failed waiting for response\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "\"work result for iteration {i}: {resp}\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You may recognize this as an example of the actor pattern. Actors typically " "call `select!` in a loop." msgstr "" "Este posibil să recunoașteți acest lucru ca fiind un exemplu de model actor. " "De obicei, actorii apelează `select!` într-o buclă." #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "This serves as a summation of a few of the previous lessons, so take your " "time with it." msgstr "" "Aceasta este o rezumare a câtorva dintre lecțiile anterioare, așa că nu vă " "grăbiți cu ea." #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Naively add a `_ = sleep(Duration::from_millis(100)) => { println!(..) }` to " "the `select!`. This will never execute. Why?" msgstr "" "Adăugați în mod naiv un `_ = sleep(Duration::from_millis(100)) => { println!" "(..) }` la `select!`. Aceasta nu se va executa niciodată. De ce?" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Instead, add a `timeout_fut` containing that future outside of the `loop`:" msgstr "" "În schimb, adăugați un `timeout_fut` care să conțină acel viitor în afara " "`loop`:" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "This still doesn't work. Follow the compiler errors, adding `&mut` to the " "`timeout_fut` in the `select!` to work around the move, then using `Box::" "pin`:" msgstr "" "Acest lucru tot nu funcționează. Urmați erorile compilatorului, adăugând " "`&mut` la `timeout_fut` în `select!` pentru a evita deplasarea, apoi " "utilizați `Box::pin`:" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "This compiles, but once the timeout expires it is `Poll::Ready` on every " "iteration (a fused future would help with this). Update to reset " "`timeout_fut` every time it expires." msgstr "" "Acest lucru se compilează, dar odată ce expiră timpul de așteptare este " "`Poll::Ready` la fiecare iterație (un viitor fuzionat ar ajuta cu acest " "lucru). Actualizați pentru a reseta `timeout_fut` de fiecare dată când " "expiră." #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Box allocates on the heap. In some cases, `std::pin::pin!` (only recently " "stabilized, with older code often using `tokio::pin!`) is also an option, " "but that is difficult to use for a future that is reassigned." msgstr "" "Box alocă pe heap. În unele cazuri, `std::pin::pin!` (stabilizat doar " "recent, codul mai vechi folosind adesea `tokio::pin!`) este, de asemenea, o " "opțiune, dar este dificil de utilizat pentru un viitor care este realocat." #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Another alternative is to not use `pin` at all but spawn another task that " "will send to a `oneshot` channel every 100ms." msgstr "" "O altă alternativă este să nu folosiți `pin` deloc, ci să generați o altă " "sarcină care va trimite la un canal `oneshot` la fiecare 100ms." #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "" "Data that contains pointers to itself is called self-referential. Normally, " "the Rust borrow checker would prevent self-referential data from being " "moved, as the references cannot outlive the data they point to. However, the " "code transformation for async blocks and functions is not verified by the " "borrow checker." msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "" "`Pin` is a wrapper around a reference. An object cannot be moved from its " "place using a pinned pointer. However, it can still be moved through an " "unpinned pointer." msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "" "The `poll` method of the `Future` trait uses `Pin<&mut Self>` instead of " "`&mut Self` to refer to the instance. That's why it can only be called on a " "pinned pointer." msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Async methods in traits are not yet supported in the stable channel ([An " "experimental feature exists in nightly and should be stabilized in the mid " "term.](https://blog.rust-lang.org/inside-rust/2022/11/17/async-fn-in-trait-" "nightly.html))" msgstr "" "Metodele asincrone din trăsături nu sunt încă acceptate în canalul stabil " "([O caracteristică experimentală există în nightly și ar trebui să fie " "stabilizată pe termen mediu.](https://blog.rust-lang.org/inside-" "rust/2022/11/17/async-fn-in-trait-nightly.html))" #: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The crate [async_trait](https://docs.rs/async-trait/latest/async_trait/) " "provides a workaround through a macro:" msgstr "" "Crate [async_trait](https://docs.rs/async-trait/latest/async_trait/) oferă o " "soluție de rezolvare prin intermediul unei macro:" #: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md msgid "\"running all sleepers..\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md msgid "\"slept for {}ms\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`async_trait` is easy to use, but note that it's using heap allocations to " "achieve this. This heap allocation has performance overhead." msgstr "" "`async_trait` este ușor de utilizat, dar rețineți că utilizează alocări heap " "pentru a realiza acest lucru. Această alocare în heap are costuri " "suplimentare de performanță." #: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The challenges in language support for `async trait` are deep Rust and " "probably not worth describing in-depth. Niko Matsakis did a good job of " "explaining them in [this post](https://smallcultfollowing.com/babysteps/" "blog/2019/10/26/async-fn-in-traits-are-hard/) if you are interested in " "digging deeper." msgstr "" "Provocările în ceea ce privește suportul lingvistic pentru `async trait` " "sunt adânci Rust și probabil nu merită să fie descrise în profunzime. Niko " "Matsakis a făcut o treabă bună explicându-le în [această postare](https://" "smallcultfollowing.com/babysteps/blog/2019/10/26/async-fn-in-traits-are-" "hard/) dacă sunteți interesat să aprofundați." #: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Try creating a new sleeper struct that will sleep for a random amount of " "time and adding it to the Vec." msgstr "" "Încercați să creați o nouă structură de somn care va dormi pentru o perioadă " "de timp aleatorie și adăugați-o la Vec." #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Dropping a future implies it can never be polled again. This is called " "_cancellation_ and it can occur at any `await` point. Care is needed to " "ensure the system works correctly even when futures are cancelled. For " "example, it shouldn't deadlock or lose data." msgstr "" "Renunțarea la un viitor implică faptul că acesta nu mai poate fi interogat " "niciodată. Acest lucru se numește _cancellation_ și poate avea loc în orice " "punct de așteptare (`await`). Este necesară o atenție deosebită pentru a se " "asigura că sistemul funcționează corect chiar și atunci când futures sunt " "anulate. De exemplu, nu trebuie să se blocheze sau să piardă date." #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"not UTF-8\"" msgstr "UTF-8" #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md msgid "\"hi\\nthere\\n\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md msgid "\"tick!\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The compiler doesn't help with cancellation-safety. You need to read API " "documentation and consider what state your `async fn` holds." msgstr "" "Compilatorul nu vă ajută în ceea ce privește siguranța la anulare. Trebuie " "să citiți documentația API și să vă gândiți la starea pe care o deține " "`async fn`." #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Unlike `panic` and `?`, cancellation is part of normal control flow (vs " "error-handling)." msgstr "" "Spre deosebire de `panic` și `?`, anularea face parte din fluxul normal de " "control (față de gestionarea erorilor)." #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md #, fuzzy msgid "The example loses parts of the string." msgstr "Exemplul pierde părți din șir." #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Whenever the `tick()` branch finishes first, `next()` and its `buf` are " "dropped." msgstr "" "Ori de câte ori ramura `tick()` se termină prima, se renunță la `next()` și " "la `buf` al acestuia." #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`LinesReader` can be made cancellation-safe by making `buf` part of the " "struct:" msgstr "" "`LinesReader` poate fi securizat împotriva anulării prin includerea lui " "`buf` în structură:" #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md msgid "// prefix buf and bytes with self.\n" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`Interval::tick`](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/time/struct.Interval." "html#method.tick) is cancellation-safe because it keeps track of whether a " "tick has been 'delivered'." msgstr "" "[`Interval::tick`](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/time/struct.Interval." "html#method.tick) este sigur în ceea ce privește anularea, deoarece ține " "evidența dacă un tick a fost \"livrat\"." #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`AsyncReadExt::read`](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/io/trait." "AsyncReadExt.html#method.read) is cancellation-safe because it either " "returns or doesn't read data." msgstr "" "[`AsyncReadExt::read`](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/io/trait." "AsyncReadExt.html#method.read) este sigur în ceea ce privește anularea, " "deoarece fie returnează, fie nu citește datele." #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`AsyncBufReadExt::read_line`](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/io/trait." "AsyncBufReadExt.html#method.read_line) is similar to the example and _isn't_ " "cancellation-safe. See its documentation for details and alternatives." msgstr "" "[`AsyncBufReadExt::read_line`](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/io/trait." "AsyncBufReadExt.html#method.read_line) este similar cu exemplul și _nu este_ " "sigur la anulare. Consultați documentația sa pentru detalii și alternative." #: src/exercises/concurrency/afternoon.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "To practice your Async Rust skills, we have again two exercises for you:" msgstr "" "Pentru a vă exersa abilitățile Async Rust, avem din nou două exerciții " "pentru dumneavoastră:" #: src/exercises/concurrency/afternoon.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Dining philosophers: we already saw this problem in the morning. This time " "you are going to implement it with Async Rust." msgstr "" "Filozofii din sala de mese: am văzut deja această problemă de dimineață. De " "data aceasta o veți implementa cu Async Rust." #: src/exercises/concurrency/afternoon.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "A Broadcast Chat Application: this is a larger project that allows you " "experiment with more advanced Async Rust features." msgstr "" "O aplicație de chat cu difuzare: acesta este un proiect mai mare care vă " "permite să experimentați cu caracteristici Async Rust mai avansate." #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md #, fuzzy msgid "Dining Philosophers --- Async" msgstr "Filozofii care mănâncă - Async" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "See [dining philosophers](dining-philosophers.md) for a description of the " "problem." msgstr "" "Vezi [dining philosophers](dining-philosophers.md) pentru o descriere a " "problemei." #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "As before, you will need a local [Cargo installation](../../cargo/running-" "locally.md) for this exercise. Copy the code below to a file called `src/" "main.rs`, fill out the blanks, and test that `cargo run` does not deadlock:" msgstr "" "Ca și înainte, veți avea nevoie de o [instalare Cargo] locală (../../cargo/" "running-locally.md) pentru acest exercițiu. Copiați codul de mai jos într-un " "fișier numit `src/main.rs`, completați spațiile goale și testați dacă `cargo " "run` nu se blochează:" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "// Make them think and eat\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Since this time you are using Async Rust, you'll need a `tokio` dependency. " "You can use the following `Cargo.toml`:" msgstr "" "Deoarece de data aceasta folosiți Async Rust, veți avea nevoie de o " "dependență `tokio`. Puteți utiliza următorul `Cargo.toml`:" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "```toml\n" "[package]\n" "name = \"dining-philosophers-async-dine\"\n" "version = \"0.1.0\"\n" "edition = \"2021\"\n" "\n" "[dependencies]\n" "tokio = { version = \"1.26.0\", features = [\"sync\", \"time\", \"macros\", " "\"rt-multi-thread\"] }\n" "```" msgstr "" "```toml\n" "[pachet]\n" "name = \"dining-philosophers-async-dine\"\n" "versiune = \"0.1.0\"\n" "edition = \"2021\"\n" "\n" "[dependențe]\n" "tokio = {version = \"1.26.0\", features = [\"sync\", \"time\", \"macros\", " "\"rt-multi-thread\"]}\n" "```" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Also note that this time you have to use the `Mutex` and the `mpsc` module " "from the `tokio` crate." msgstr "" "De asemenea, rețineți că de data aceasta trebuie să folosiți modulele " "`Mutex` și `mpsc` de la `tokio` crate." #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #, fuzzy msgid "Can you make your implementation single-threaded?" msgstr "Poți face ca implementarea ta să fie cu un singur fir de execuție?" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "In this exercise, we want to use our new knowledge to implement a broadcast " "chat application. We have a chat server that the clients connect to and " "publish their messages. The client reads user messages from the standard " "input, and sends them to the server. The chat server broadcasts each message " "that it receives to all the clients." msgstr "" "În acest exercițiu, dorim să folosim noile noastre cunoștințe pentru a " "implementa o aplicație de chat cu difuzare. Avem un server de chat la care " "clienții se conectează și își publică mesajele. Clientul citește mesajele " "utilizatorilor de la intrarea standard și le trimite la server. Serverul de " "chat difuzează fiecare mesaj pe care îl primește către toți clienții." #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "For this, we use [a broadcast channel](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/" "sync/broadcast/fn.channel.html) on the server, and [`tokio_websockets`]" "(https://docs.rs/tokio-websockets/) for the communication between the client " "and the server." msgstr "" "Pentru aceasta, folosim [un canal de difuzare](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/" "tokio/sync/broadcast/fn.channel.html) pe server și [`tokio_websockets`]" "(https://docs.rs/tokio-websockets/0.4.0/tokio_websockets/) pentru " "comunicarea dintre client și server." #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #, fuzzy msgid "Create a new Cargo project and add the following dependencies:" msgstr "Creați un nou proiect Cargo și adăugați următoarele dependențe:" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #, fuzzy msgid "_Cargo.toml_:" msgstr "_Cargo.toml_:" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "```toml\n" "[package]\n" "name = \"chat-async\"\n" "version = \"0.1.0\"\n" "edition = \"2021\"\n" "\n" "[dependencies]\n" "futures-util = { version = \"0.3.30\", features = [\"sink\"] }\n" "http = \"1.0.0\"\n" "tokio = { version = \"1.28.1\", features = [\"full\"] }\n" "tokio-websockets = { version = \"0.5.1\", features = [\"client\", " "\"fastrand\", \"server\", \"sha1_smol\"] }\n" "```" msgstr "" "```toml\n" "[pachet]\n" "name = \"chat-async\"\n" "versiune = \"0.1.0\"\n" "edition = \"2021\"\n" "\n" "[dependențe]\n" "futures-util = { version = \"0.3.28\", features = [\"sink\"]] }\n" "http = \"0.2.9\"\n" "tokio = { version = \"1.28.1\", features = [\"full\"]] }\n" "tokio-websockets = { version = \"0.4.0\", features = [\"client\", " "\"fastrand\", \"server\", \"sha1_smol\"] } }\n" "```" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #, fuzzy msgid "The required APIs" msgstr "API-urile necesare" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You are going to need the following functions from `tokio` and " "[`tokio_websockets`](https://docs.rs/tokio-websockets/). Spend a few minutes " "to familiarize yourself with the API." msgstr "" "Veți avea nevoie de următoarele funcții din `tokio` și [`tokio_websockets`]" "(https://docs.rs/tokio-websockets/0.4.0/tokio_websockets/). Petreceți câteva " "minute pentru a vă familiariza cu API-ul." #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[StreamExt::next()](https://docs.rs/futures-util/0.3.28/futures_util/stream/" "trait.StreamExt.html#method.next) implemented by `WebSocketStream`: for " "asynchronously reading messages from a Websocket Stream." msgstr "" "[StreamExt::next()](https://docs.rs/futures-util/0.3.28/futures_util/stream/" "trait.StreamExt.html#method.next) implementat de `WebsocketStream`: pentru " "citirea asincronă a mesajelor dintr-un flux Websocket." #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[SinkExt::send()](https://docs.rs/futures-util/0.3.28/futures_util/sink/" "trait.SinkExt.html#method.send) implemented by `WebSocketStream`: for " "asynchronously sending messages on a Websocket Stream." msgstr "" "[SinkExt::send()](https://docs.rs/futures-util/0.3.28/futures_util/sink/" "trait.SinkExt.html#method.send) implementat de `WebsocketStream`: pentru " "trimiterea asincronă de mesaje pe un flux Websocket." #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[Lines::next_line()](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/io/struct.Lines." "html#method.next_line): for asynchronously reading user messages from the " "standard input." msgstr "" "[Lines::next_line()](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/io/struct.Lines." "html#method.next_line): pentru citirea asincronă a mesajelor utilizatorului " "de la intrarea standard." #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[Sender::subscribe()](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/sync/broadcast/" "struct.Sender.html#method.subscribe): for subscribing to a broadcast channel." msgstr "" "[Sender::subscribe()](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/sync/broadcast/" "struct.Sender.html#method.subscribe): pentru abonarea la un canal de " "difuzare." #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #, fuzzy msgid "Two binaries" msgstr "Două binare" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Normally in a Cargo project, you can have only one binary, and one `src/main." "rs` file. In this project, we need two binaries. One for the client, and one " "for the server. You could potentially make them two separate Cargo projects, " "but we are going to put them in a single Cargo project with two binaries. " "For this to work, the client and the server code should go under `src/bin` " "(see the [documentation](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/cargo-" "targets.html#binaries))." msgstr "" "În mod normal, într-un proiect Cargo, puteți avea un singur fișier binar și " "un singur fișier `src/main.rs`. În acest proiect, avem nevoie de două " "fișiere binare. Unul pentru client și unul pentru server. Ați putea eventual " "să le faceți două proiecte Cargo separate, dar noi le vom pune într-un " "singur proiect Cargo cu două binare. Pentru ca acest lucru să funcționeze, " "codul clientului și cel al serverului trebuie să se regăsească în `src/bin` " "(a se vedea [documentation](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/cargo-" "targets.html#binaries))." #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Copy the following server and client code into `src/bin/server.rs` and `src/" "bin/client.rs`, respectively. Your task is to complete these files as " "described below." msgstr "" "Copiați următorul cod server și client în `src/bin/server.rs` și, respectiv, " "`src/bin/client.rs`. Sarcina dumneavoastră este de a completa aceste fișiere " "așa cum este descris mai jos." #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md #, fuzzy msgid "_src/bin/server.rs_:" msgstr "src/bin/server.rs_:" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "// TODO: For a hint, see the description of the task below.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"127.0.0.1:2000\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"listening on port 2000\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"New connection from {addr:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "// Wrap the raw TCP stream into a websocket.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md #, fuzzy msgid "_src/bin/client.rs_:" msgstr "src/bin/client.rs_:" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"ws://127.0.0.1:2000\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #, fuzzy msgid "Running the binaries" msgstr "Rularea fișierelor binare" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #, fuzzy msgid "Run the server with:" msgstr "Rulați serverul cu:" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #, fuzzy msgid "and the client with:" msgstr "și clientul cu:" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #, fuzzy msgid "Implement the `handle_connection` function in `src/bin/server.rs`." msgstr "Implementați funcția `handle_connection` în `src/bin/server.rs`." #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Hint: Use `tokio::select!` for concurrently performing two tasks in a " "continuous loop. One task receives messages from the client and broadcasts " "them. The other sends messages received by the server to the client." msgstr "" "Indicație: Folosiți `tokio::select!` pentru a efectua concomitent două " "sarcini într-o buclă continuă. O sarcină primește mesaje de la client și le " "difuzează. Cealaltă trimite mesajele primite de server către client." #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #, fuzzy msgid "Complete the main function in `src/bin/client.rs`." msgstr "Completați funcția principală din `src/bin/client.rs`." #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Hint: As before, use `tokio::select!` in a continuous loop for concurrently " "performing two tasks: (1) reading user messages from standard input and " "sending them to the server, and (2) receiving messages from the server, and " "displaying them for the user." msgstr "" "Sugestie: Ca și înainte, utilizați `tokio::select!` într-o buclă continuă " "pentru a efectua concomitent două sarcini: (1) citirea mesajelor " "utilizatorului de la intrarea standard și trimiterea lor la server și (2) " "primirea mesajelor de la server și afișarea lor pentru utilizator." #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Optional: Once you are done, change the code to broadcast messages to all " "clients, but the sender of the message." msgstr "" "Opțional: După ce ați terminat, modificați codul pentru a difuza mesajele " "către toți clienții, cu excepția expeditorului mesajului." #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md #, fuzzy msgid "Concurrency Afternoon Exercise" msgstr "Exercițiul de după-amiază Concurrency" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md #, fuzzy msgid "([back to exercise](dining-philosophers-async.md))" msgstr "([back to exercise](dining-philosophers-async.md))" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "" "// Add a delay before picking the second fork to allow the execution\n" " // to transfer to another task\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "// The locks are dropped here\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "" "// To avoid a deadlock, we have to break the symmetry\n" " // somewhere. This will swap the forks without deinitializing\n" " // either of them.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "// tx is dropped here, so we don't need to explicitly drop it later\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"Here is a thought: {thought}\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md #, fuzzy msgid "([back to exercise](chat-app.md))" msgstr "([back to exercise](chat-app.md))" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"Welcome to chat! Type a message\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "// A continuous loop for concurrently performing two tasks: (1) receiving\n" " // messages from `ws_stream` and broadcasting them, and (2) receiving\n" " // messages on `bcast_rx` and sending them to the client.\n" msgstr "" "Sugestie: Ca și înainte, utilizați `tokio::select!` într-o buclă continuă " "pentru a efectua concomitent două sarcini: (1) citirea mesajelor " "utilizatorului de la intrarea standard și trimiterea lor la server și (2) " "primirea mesajelor de la server și afișarea lor pentru utilizator." #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"From client {addr:?} {text:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "// Continuous loop for concurrently sending and receiving messages.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"From server: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/thanks.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "_Thank you for taking Comprehensive Rust 🦀!_ We hope you enjoyed it and " "that it was useful." msgstr "" "vă mulțumim că ați luat Comprehensive Rust 🦀!_ Sperăm că v-a plăcut și că a " "fost util." #: src/thanks.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "We've had a lot of fun putting the course together. The course is not " "perfect, so if you spotted any mistakes or have ideas for improvements, " "please get in [contact with us on GitHub](https://github.com/google/" "comprehensive-rust/discussions). We would love to hear from you." msgstr "" "Ne-am distrat foarte mult la amenajarea traseului. Cursul nu este perfect, " "așa că, dacă ați observat greșeli sau aveți idei de îmbunătățire, vă rugăm " "să intrați în [contactați-ne pe GitHub](https://github.com/google/" "comprehensive-rust/discussions). Ne-ar face plăcere să avem vești de la voi." #: src/glossary.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The following is a glossary which aims to give a short definition of many " "Rust terms. For translations, this also serves to connect the term back to " "the English original." msgstr "" "Următorul glosar este un glosar care își propune să ofere o scurtă definiție " "a numeroși termeni Rust. În cazul traducerilor, acesta servește, de " "asemenea, pentru a face legătura între termenul respectiv și originalul în " "limba engleză." #: src/glossary.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "allocate: \n" "Dynamic memory allocation on [the heap](memory-management/stack-vs-heap.md)." msgstr "" "să aloce: \n" "Alocarea dinamică a memoriei pe [heap](memory-management/stack-vs-heap.md)." #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "argument: \n" "Information that is passed into a function or method." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Bare-metal Rust: \n" "Low-level Rust development, often deployed to a system without an operating " "system. See [Bare-metal Rust](bare-metal.md)." msgstr "" "Rust de metal gol:\n" "Dezvoltare Rust de nivel scăzut, adesea implementată pe un sistem fără " "sistem de operare. A se vedea [Bare-metal Rust](bare-metal.md)." #: src/glossary.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "block: \n" "See [Blocks](control-flow/blocks.md) and _scope_." msgstr "" "bloc:\n" "A se vedea [Blocuri](control-flow/blocks.md) și _scope_." #: src/glossary.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "borrow: \n" "See [Borrowing](ownership/borrowing.md)." msgstr "" "împrumut:\n" "A se vedea [Împrumut](ownership/borrowing.md)." #: src/glossary.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "borrow checker: \n" "The part of the Rust compiler which checks that all borrows are valid." msgstr "" "verificator de împrumuturi:\n" "Partea din compilatorul Rust care verifică dacă toate împrumuturile sunt " "valide." #: src/glossary.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "brace: \n" "`{` and `}`. Also called _curly brace_, they delimit _blocks_." msgstr "" "bretele:\n" "`{` și `}`. Numite și _curly brace_, ele delimitează _blocuri_." #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "build: \n" "The process of converting source code into executable code or a usable " "program." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "call: \n" "To invoke or execute a function or method." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "channel: \n" "Used to safely pass messages [between threads](concurrency/channels.md)." msgstr "" "canal: \n" "Folosit pentru a transmite în siguranță mesaje [între fire] (concurrency/" "channels.md)." #: src/glossary.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Comprehensive Rust 🦀: \n" "The courses here are jointly called Comprehensive Rust 🦀." msgstr "" "Rugină cuprinzătoare 🦀:\n" "Cursurile de aici se numesc în comun Comprehensive Rust 🦀." #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "concurrency: \n" "The execution of multiple tasks or processes at the same time." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Concurrency in Rust: \n" "See [Concurrency in Rust](concurrency.md)." msgstr "" "Concurrency în Rust:\n" "A se vedea [Concurrency in Rust](concurrency.md)." #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "constant: \n" "A value that does not change during the execution of a program." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "control flow: \n" "The order in which the individual statements or instructions are executed in " "a program." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "crash: \n" "An unexpected and unhandled failure or termination of a program." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "enumeration: \n" "A data type that holds one of several named constants, possibly with an " "associated tuple or struct." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "error: \n" "An unexpected condition or result that deviates from the expected behavior." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "error handling: \n" "The process of managing and responding to errors that occur during program " "execution." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "exercise: \n" "A task or problem designed to practice and test programming skills." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "function: \n" "A reusable block of code that performs a specific task." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "garbage collector: \n" "A mechanism that automatically frees up memory occupied by objects that are " "no longer in use." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "generics: \n" "A feature that allows writing code with placeholders for types, enabling " "code reuse with different data types." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "immutable: \n" "Unable to be changed after creation." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "integration test: \n" "A type of test that verifies the interactions between different parts or " "components of a system." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "keyword: \n" "A reserved word in a programming language that has a specific meaning and " "cannot be used as an identifier." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "library: \n" "A collection of precompiled routines or code that can be used by programs." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "macro: \n" "Rust macros can be recognized by a `!` in the name. Macros are used when " "normal functions are not enough. A typical example is `format!`, which takes " "a variable number of arguments, which isn't supported by Rust functions." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "`main` function: \n" "Rust programs start executing with the `main` function." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "match: \n" "A control flow construct in Rust that allows for pattern matching on the " "value of an expression." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "memory leak: \n" "A situation where a program fails to release memory that is no longer " "needed, leading to a gradual increase in memory usage." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "method: \n" "A function associated with an object or a type in Rust." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "module: \n" "A namespace that contains definitions, such as functions, types, or traits, " "to organize code in Rust." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "move: \n" "The transfer of ownership of a value from one variable to another in Rust." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "mutable: \n" "A property in Rust that allows variables to be modified after they have been " "declared." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "ownership: \n" "The concept in Rust that defines which part of the code is responsible for " "managing the memory associated with a value." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "panic: \n" "An unrecoverable error condition in Rust that results in the termination of " "the program." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "parameter: \n" "A value that is passed into a function or method when it is called." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "pattern: \n" "A combination of values, literals, or structures that can be matched against " "an expression in Rust." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "payload: \n" "The data or information carried by a message, event, or data structure." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "program: \n" "A set of instructions that a computer can execute to perform a specific task " "or solve a particular problem." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "programming language: \n" "A formal system used to communicate instructions to a computer, such as Rust." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "receiver: \n" "The first parameter in a Rust method that represents the instance on which " "the method is called." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "reference counting: \n" "A memory management technique in which the number of references to an object " "is tracked, and the object is deallocated when the count reaches zero." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "return: \n" "A keyword in Rust used to indicate the value to be returned from a function." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "Rust: \n" "A systems programming language that focuses on safety, performance, and " "concurrency." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust Fundamentals: \n" "Days 1 to 3 of this course." msgstr "" "Noțiuni fundamentale de rugină:\n" "Zilele 1 - 3 ale acestui curs." #: src/glossary.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust in Android: \n" "See [Rust in Android](android.md)." msgstr "" "Rust în Android:\n" "A se vedea [Rust in Android](android.md)." #: src/glossary.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust in Chromium: \n" "See [Rust in Chromium](chromium.md)." msgstr "" "Rust în Android:\n" "A se vedea [Rust in Android](android.md)." #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "safe: \n" "Refers to code that adheres to Rust's ownership and borrowing rules, " "preventing memory-related errors." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "scope: \n" "The region of a program where a variable is valid and can be used." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "standard library: \n" "A collection of modules providing essential functionality in Rust." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "static: \n" "A keyword in Rust used to define static variables or items with a `'static` " "lifetime." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "string: \n" "A data type storing textual data. See [`String` vs `str`](basic-syntax/" "string-slices.html) for more." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "struct: \n" "A composite data type in Rust that groups together variables of different " "types under a single name." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "test: \n" "A Rust module containing functions that test the correctness of other " "functions." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "thread: \n" "A separate sequence of execution in a program, allowing concurrent execution." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "thread safety: \n" "The property of a program that ensures correct behavior in a multithreaded " "environment." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "trait: \n" "A collection of methods defined for an unknown type, providing a way to " "achieve polymorphism in Rust." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "trait bound: \n" "An abstraction where you can require types to implement some traits of your " "interest." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "tuple: \n" "A composite data type that contains variables of different types. Tuple " "fields have no names, and are accessed by their ordinal numbers." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "type: \n" "A classification that specifies which operations can be performed on values " "of a particular kind in Rust." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "type inference: \n" "The ability of the Rust compiler to deduce the type of a variable or " "expression." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "undefined behavior: \n" "Actions or conditions in Rust that have no specified result, often leading " "to unpredictable program behavior." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "union: \n" "A data type that can hold values of different types but only one at a time." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "unit test: \n" "Rust comes with built-in support for running small unit tests and larger " "integration tests. See [Unit Tests](testing/unit-tests.html)." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "unit type: \n" "Type that holds no data, written as a tuple with no members." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "unsafe: \n" "The subset of Rust which allows you to trigger _undefined behavior_. See " "[Unsafe Rust](unsafe.html)." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "variable: \n" "A memory location storing data. Variables are valid in a _scope_." msgstr "" #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "Other Rust Resources" msgstr "Alte resurse privind rugina" #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The Rust community has created a wealth of high-quality and free resources " "online." msgstr "" "Comunitatea Rust a creat o multitudine de resurse online gratuite și de " "înaltă calitate." #: src/other-resources.md msgid "Official Documentation" msgstr "Documentație oficială" #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "The Rust project hosts many resources. These cover Rust in general:" msgstr "" "Proiectul Rust găzduiește multe resurse. Acestea se referă la Rust în " "general:" #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[The Rust Programming Language](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/): the " "canonical free book about Rust. Covers the language in detail and includes a " "few projects for people to build." msgstr "" "[Limbajul de programare Rust](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/): cartea " "canonică gratuită despre Rust. Acoperă limbajul în detaliu și include câteva " "proiecte pe care oamenii le pot construi." #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[Rust By Example](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/): covers the " "Rust syntax via a series of examples which showcase different constructs. " "Sometimes includes small exercises where you are asked to expand on the code " "in the examples." msgstr "" "[Rust By Example](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/): acoperă " "sintaxa Rust prin intermediul unei serii de exemple care prezintă diferite " "construcții. Uneori include mici exerciții în care vi se cere să dezvoltați " "codul din exemple." #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[Rust Standard Library](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/): full documentation " "of the standard library for Rust." msgstr "" "[Rust Standard Library](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/): documentația " "completă a bibliotecii standard pentru Rust." #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[The Rust Reference](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/): an incomplete " "book which describes the Rust grammar and memory model." msgstr "" "[The Rust Reference](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/): o carte " "incompletă care descrie gramatica și modelul de memorie Rust." #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "More specialized guides hosted on the official Rust site:" msgstr "Ghiduri mai specializate găzduite pe site-ul oficial Rust:" #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[The Rustonomicon](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/): covers unsafe Rust, " "including working with raw pointers and interfacing with other languages " "(FFI)." msgstr "" "[The Rustonomicon](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/): acoperă Rustul " "nesigur, inclusiv lucrul cu pointeri brute și interfața cu alte limbaje " "(FFI)." #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[Asynchronous Programming in Rust](https://rust-lang.github.io/async-book/): " "covers the new asynchronous programming model which was introduced after the " "Rust Book was written." msgstr "" "[Programare asincronă în Rust](https://rust-lang.github.io/async-book/): " "acoperă noul model de programare asincronă care a fost introdus după ce a " "fost scrisă cartea Rust." #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[The Embedded Rust Book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/embedded-book/): " "an introduction to using Rust on embedded devices without an operating " "system." msgstr "" "[The Embedded Rust Book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/embedded-book/): o " "introducere în utilizarea Rust pe dispozitive încorporate fără sistem de " "operare." #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "Unofficial Learning Material" msgstr "Material didactic neoficial" #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "A small selection of other guides and tutorial for Rust:" msgstr "O mică selecție de alte ghiduri și tutoriale pentru Rust:" #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[Learn Rust the Dangerous Way](http://cliffle.com/p/dangerust/): covers Rust " "from the perspective of low-level C programmers." msgstr "" "[Learn Rust the Dangerous Way](http://cliffle.com/p/dangerust/): acoperă " "Rust din perspectiva programatorilor C de nivel inferior." #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[Rust for Embedded C Programmers](https://docs.opentitan.org/doc/ug/" "rust_for_c/): covers Rust from the perspective of developers who write " "firmware in C." msgstr "" "[Rust for Embedded C Programmers](https://docs.opentitan.org/doc/ug/" "rust_for_c/): acoperă Rust din perspectiva dezvoltatorilor care scriu " "firmware în C." #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[Rust for professionals](https://overexact.com/rust-for-professionals/): " "covers the syntax of Rust using side-by-side comparisons with other " "languages such as C, C++, Java, JavaScript, and Python." msgstr "" "[Rust pentru profesioniști](https://overexact.com/rust-for-professionals/): " "acoperă sintaxa Rust folosind comparații cu alte limbaje precum C, C++, " "Java, JavaScript și Python." #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[Rust on Exercism](https://exercism.org/tracks/rust): 100+ exercises to help " "you learn Rust." msgstr "" "[Rust on Exercism](https://exercism.org/tracks/rust): 100+ exerciții pentru " "a vă ajuta să învățați Rust." #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[Ferrous Teaching Material](https://ferrous-systems.github.io/teaching-" "material/index.html): a series of small presentations covering both basic " "and advanced part of the Rust language. Other topics such as WebAssembly, " "and async/await are also covered." msgstr "" "[Ferrous Teaching Material](https://ferrous-systems.github.io/teaching-" "material/index.html): o serie de mici prezentări care acoperă atât partea de " "bază, cât și cea avansată a limbajului Rust. Sunt abordate și alte subiecte, " "cum ar fi WebAssembly și async/await." #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[Beginner's Series to Rust](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/shows/beginners-" "series-to-rust/) and [Take your first steps with Rust](https://docs." "microsoft.com/en-us/learn/paths/rust-first-steps/): two Rust guides aimed at " "new developers. The first is a set of 35 videos and the second is a set of " "11 modules which covers Rust syntax and basic constructs." msgstr "" "[Beginner's Series to Rust] (https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/shows/" "beginners-series-to-rust/) și [Take your first steps with Rust] (https://" "docs.microsoft.com/en-us/learn/paths/rust-first-steps/): două ghiduri Rust " "destinate noilor dezvoltatori. Primul este un set de 35 de videoclipuri, iar " "al doilea este un set de 11 module care acoperă sintaxa Rust și " "construcțiile de bază." #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[Learn Rust With Entirely Too Many Linked Lists](https://rust-unofficial." "github.io/too-many-lists/): in-depth exploration of Rust's memory management " "rules, through implementing a few different types of list structures." msgstr "" "[Learn Rust With Entirely Too Many Linked Lists](https://rust-unofficial." "github.io/too-many-lists/): explorarea în profunzime a regulilor de " "gestionare a memoriei din Rust, prin implementarea câtorva tipuri diferite " "de structuri de liste." #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Please see the [Little Book of Rust Books](https://lborb.github.io/book/) " "for even more Rust books." msgstr "" "Vă rugăm să consultați [Little Book of Rust Books](https://lborb.github.io/" "book/) pentru și mai multe cărți Rust." #: src/credits.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The material here builds on top of the many great sources of Rust " "documentation. See the page on [other resources](other-resources.md) for a " "full list of useful resources." msgstr "" "Materialul de aici se bazează pe numeroasele surse excelente de documentație " "Rust. Consultați pagina privind [alte resurse](other-resources.md) pentru o " "listă completă de resurse utile." #: src/credits.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The material of Comprehensive Rust is licensed under the terms of the Apache " "2.0 license, please see [`LICENSE`](https://github.com/google/comprehensive-" "rust/blob/main/LICENSE) for details." msgstr "" "Materialul din Comprehensive Rust este licențiat în conformitate cu termenii " "licenței Apache 2.0, vă rugăm să consultați [`LICENSE`](https://github.com/" "google/comprehensive-rust/blob/main/LICENSE) pentru detalii." #: src/credits.md #, fuzzy msgid "Rust by Example" msgstr "Rugină prin exemplu" #: src/credits.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Some examples and exercises have been copied and adapted from [Rust by " "Example](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/). Please see the " "`third_party/rust-by-example/` directory for details, including the license " "terms." msgstr "" "Unele exemple și exerciții au fost copiate și adaptate din [Rust by Example]" "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/). Vă rugăm să consultați " "directorul `third_party/rust-by-example/` pentru detalii, inclusiv termenii " "licenței." #: src/credits.md #, fuzzy msgid "Rust on Exercism" msgstr "Rugină pe Exercițiu" #: src/credits.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Some exercises have been copied and adapted from [Rust on Exercism](https://" "exercism.org/tracks/rust). Please see the `third_party/rust-on-exercism/` " "directory for details, including the license terms." msgstr "" "Unele exerciții au fost copiate și adaptate din [Rust on Exercism](https://" "exercism.org/tracks/rust). Vă rugăm să consultați directorul `third_party/" "rust-on-exercism/` pentru detalii, inclusiv termenii licenței." #: src/credits.md #, fuzzy msgid "CXX" msgstr "CXX" #: src/credits.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The [Interoperability with C++](android/interoperability/cpp.md) section " "uses an image from [CXX](https://cxx.rs/). Please see the `third_party/cxx/` " "directory for details, including the license terms." msgstr "" "Secțiunea [Interoperabilitate cu C++](android/interoperabilitate/cpp.md) " "utilizează o imagine din [CXX](https://cxx.rs/). Vă rugăm să consultați " "directorul `third_party/cxx/` pentru detalii, inclusiv termenii licenței." #~ msgid "Small Example" #~ msgstr "Un mic exemplu" #~ msgid "Why Rust?" #~ msgstr "De ce Rust?" #~ msgid "An Example in C" #~ msgstr "Un exemplu în C" #~ msgid "Compile Time Guarantees" #~ msgstr "Garanții în timpul compilării" #~ msgid "Runtime Guarantees" #~ msgstr "Garanții în timpul rulării" #~ msgid "Modern Features" #~ msgstr "Caracteristici moderne" #~ msgid "Basic Syntax" #~ msgstr "Sintaxa de bază" #~ msgid "Scalar Types" #~ msgstr "Tipuri scalare" #~ msgid "String vs str" #~ msgstr "String versus str" #~ msgid "Rustdoc" #~ msgstr "Rustdoc" #~ msgid "Overloading" #~ msgstr "Supraîncărcare" #~ msgid "Arrays and for Loops" #~ msgstr "Array-uri și bucle for" #~ msgid "if expressions" #~ msgstr "expresii if" #~ msgid "for expressions" #~ msgstr "expresii for" #~ msgid "while expressions" #~ msgstr "expresii while" #~ msgid "break & continue" #~ msgstr "break și continue" #~ msgid "loop expressions" #~ msgstr "expresii cu bucle" #~ msgid "Variant Payloads" #~ msgstr "Conținut variabil" #~ msgid "Enum Sizes" #~ msgstr "Dimensiunea enumerărilor" #~ msgid "Novel Control Flow" #~ msgstr "Flux de control nou" #~ msgid "if let expressions" #~ msgstr "Expresii if let" #~ msgid "while let expressions" #~ msgstr "Expresii while let" #~ msgid "match expressions" #~ msgstr "expresii de potrivire" #~ msgid "Destructuring Structs" #~ msgstr "Destructurarea structurilor" #~ msgid "Destructuring Arrays" #~ msgstr "Destructurarea array-urilor" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Match Guards" #~ msgstr "Gărzi de potrivire" #~ msgid "Stack vs Heap" #~ msgstr "Stivă vs Heap" #~ msgid "Stack Memory" #~ msgstr "Memoria pentru stivă" #~ msgid "Manual Memory Management" #~ msgstr "Gestionarea manuală a memoriei" #~ msgid "Scope-Based Memory Management" #~ msgstr "Managementul memoriei bazat pe domeniu" #~ msgid "Garbage Collection" #~ msgstr "Colectarea gunoiului" #~ msgid "Rust Memory Management" #~ msgstr "Managementul memoriei în Rust" #~ msgid "Moved Strings in Rust" #~ msgstr "Mutarea șirurlori de caractere în Rust" #~ msgid "Double Frees in Modern C++" #~ msgstr "Eliberări dublate în C++ modern" #~ msgid "Moves in Function Calls" #~ msgstr "Mutări în apelurile de funcții" #~ msgid "Copying and Cloning" #~ msgstr "Copierea și clonarea" #~ msgid "Shared and Unique Borrows" #~ msgstr "Împrumuturi comune și unice" #~ msgid "Field Shorthand Syntax" #~ msgstr "Sintaxa prescurtată a câmpurilor" #~ msgid "Method Receiver" #~ msgstr "Metoda Receptor" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Storing Books" #~ msgstr "Depozitarea cărților" #~ msgid "Option and Result" #~ msgstr "Opțiune și rezultat" #~ msgid "Vec" #~ msgstr "Vec" #~ msgid "HashMap" #~ msgstr "HashMap" #~ msgid "Box" #~ msgstr "Cutie (box)" #~ msgid "Recursive Data Types" #~ msgstr "Tipuri de date recursive" #~ msgid "Rc" #~ msgstr "Numărarea referințelor (rc)" #~ msgid "Cell/RefCell" #~ msgstr "Celula/RefCell" #~ msgid "Iterators and Ownership" #~ msgstr "Iteratori și posesia" #~ msgid "Strings and Iterators" #~ msgstr "Șiruri și iteratori" #~ msgid "Generic Methods" #~ msgstr "Metode generice" #~ msgid "Monomorphization" #~ msgstr "Monomorfizare" #~ msgid "Default Methods" #~ msgstr "Metode implicite" #~ msgid "impl Trait" #~ msgstr "impl Trait" #~ msgid "Important Traits" #~ msgstr "Trăsături importante" #~ msgid "From and Into" #~ msgstr "From și Into" #~ msgid "Default" #~ msgstr "Implicit" #~ msgid "Operators: Add, Mul, ..." #~ msgstr "Operatori: Add (adăugare), Mul, ..." #~ msgid "Closures: Fn, FnMut, FnOnce" #~ msgstr "Închideri: Fn, FnMut, FnOnce" #~ msgid "A Simple GUI Library" #~ msgstr "O bibliotecă GUI simplă" #~ msgid "Points and Polygons" #~ msgstr "Puncte și poligoane" #~ msgid "Catching Stack Unwinding" #~ msgstr "Prinderea derulării stivei" #~ msgid "Structured Error Handling" #~ msgstr "Gestionarea structurată a erorilor" #~ msgid "Propagating Errors with ?" #~ msgstr "Propagarea erorilor cu ?" #~ msgid "Converting Error Types" #~ msgstr "Conversia tipurilor de erori" #~ msgid "Deriving Error Enums" #~ msgstr "Derivarea enumerațiilor de eroare" #~ msgid "Adding Context to Errors" #~ msgstr "Adăugarea contextului la erori" #~ msgid "no_std" #~ msgstr "no_std" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "alloc" #~ msgstr "alocare" #~ msgid "embedded-hal" #~ msgstr "embedded-hal" #~ msgid "probe-rs, cargo-embed" #~ msgstr "probe-rs, cargo-embed" #~ msgid "zerocopy" #~ msgstr "zerocopy" #~ msgid "buddy_system_allocator" #~ msgstr "buddy_system_allocator" #~ msgid "tinyvec" #~ msgstr "tinyvec" #~ msgid "spin" #~ msgstr "rotire" #~ msgid "Send and Sync" #~ msgstr "Trimitere și sincronizare" #~ msgid "Send" #~ msgstr "Trimitere (send)" #~ msgid "Sync" #~ msgstr "Sincronizare (sync)" #~ msgid "Arc" #~ msgstr "Arc" #~ msgid "Mutex" #~ msgstr "Mutex" #~ msgid "async/await" #~ msgstr "async/await" #~ msgid "Pin" #~ msgstr "Fixați" #~ msgid "Day 1 Morning" #~ msgstr "Ziua 1: Dimineața" #~ msgid "Day 1 Afternoon" #~ msgstr "Ziua 1 După-amiaza" #~ msgid "Day 2 Morning" #~ msgstr "Ziua 2 Dimineața" #~ msgid "Day 2 Afternoon" #~ msgstr "Ziua 2 După-amiaza" #~ msgid "Day 3 Morning" #~ msgstr "Ziua 3 Dimineața" #~ msgid "Day 3 Afternoon" #~ msgstr "Ziua 3 După-amiaza" #~ msgid "Bare Metal Rust Morning" #~ msgstr "Rust bare metall Dimineața" #~ msgid "Concurrency Morning" #~ msgstr "Concurența Dimineața" #~ msgid "Concurrency Afternoon" #~ msgstr "Concurența După-amiaza" #~ msgid "" #~ "Day 1: Basic Rust, syntax, control flow, creating and consuming values." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Ziua 1: Baza Rust, sintaxa, fluxul de control, crearea și consumarea " #~ "valorilor." #~ msgid "" #~ "Day 2: Memory management, ownership, compound data types, and the " #~ "standard library." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Ziua 2: Gestionarea memoriei, posesia, tipurile de date compuse și " #~ "biblioteca standard." #~ msgid "Day 3: Generics, traits, error handling, testing, and unsafe Rust." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Ziua 3: Generice, trăsături, gestionarea erorilor, testare și Rust " #~ "nesigur." #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " println!(\"Edit me!\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " println!(\"Editează-mă!\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " println!(\"Edit me!\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " println!(\"Editează-mă!\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "Control flow constructs: `if`, `if let`, `while`, `while let`, `break`, " #~ "and `continue`." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Construcții ale fluxului de control: `if`, `if let`, `while`, `while " #~ "let`, `break` și `continue`." #~ msgid "" #~ "The idea for the first day is to show _just enough_ of Rust to be able to " #~ "speak about the famous borrow checker. The way Rust handles memory is a " #~ "major feature and we should show students this right away." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Ideea pentru prima zi este de a arăta _suficient_ din Rust pentru a putea " #~ "vorbi despre celebrul verificator de împrumuturi (borrow checker). Modul " #~ "în care Rust gestionează memoria este o caracteristică majoră și ar " #~ "trebui să le arătăm studenților acest lucru imediat." #~ msgid "" #~ "If you're teaching this in a classroom, this is a good place to go over " #~ "the schedule. We suggest splitting the day into two parts (following the " #~ "slides):" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Dacă predați acest curs în clasă, acum este un moment bun pentru a trece " #~ "în revistă programul. Vă sugerăm să împărțiți ziua astfel (urmând slide-" #~ "urile):" #~ msgid "Morning: 9:00 to 12:00," #~ msgstr "Dimineața: de la 9:00 la 12:00," #~ msgid "Afternoon: 13:00 to 16:00." #~ msgstr "După-amiază: de la 13:00 la 16:00." #~ msgid "" #~ "You can of course adjust this as necessary. Please make sure to include " #~ "breaks, we recommend a break every hour!" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Desigur, puteți ajusta acest lucru după cum este necesar. Vă rugăm să vă " #~ "asigurați că includeți pauze, recomandăm o pauză la fiecare oră!" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " println!(\"Hello 🌍!\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " println!(\"Bună 🌍!\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "Here is a small example program in Rust:" #~ msgstr "Iată un mic exemplu de program în Rust:" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() { // Program entry point\n" #~ " let mut x: i32 = 6; // Mutable variable binding\n" #~ " print!(\"{x}\"); // Macro for printing, like printf\n" #~ " while x != 1 { // No parenthesis around expression\n" #~ " if x % 2 == 0 { // Math like in other languages\n" #~ " x = x / 2;\n" #~ " } else {\n" #~ " x = 3 * x + 1;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " print!(\" -> {x}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " println!();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "fn main() { // Punct de intrare în program\n" #~ " let mut x: i32 = 6; // Declararea variabilelor mutabile\n" #~ " print!(\"{x}\"); // Macro pentru imprimare, ca printf\n" #~ " while x != 1 { // Fără paranteze în jurul expresiei\n" #~ " if x % 2 == 0 { // Matematică ca în alte limbaje\n" #~ " x = x / 2;\n" #~ " } else {\n" #~ " x = 3 * x + 1;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " print!(\" -> {x}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " println!();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "The code implements the Collatz conjecture: it is believed that the loop " #~ "will always end, but this is not yet proved. Edit the code and play with " #~ "different inputs." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Codul implementează conjectura lui Collatz: se crede că bucla se va " #~ "termina întotdeauna, dar acest lucru nu este încă dovedit. Modificați " #~ "codul și jucați-vă cu diferite intrări." #~ msgid "" #~ "Explain that all variables are statically typed. Try removing `i32` to " #~ "trigger type inference. Try with `i8` instead and trigger a runtime " #~ "integer overflow." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Explicați că toate variabilele sunt tipizate static. Încercați să " #~ "eliminați `i32` pentru a declanșa inferența de tip. Încercați cu `i8` și " #~ "declanșați o depășire de număr întreg în timpul execuției." #~ msgid "Change `let mut x` to `let x`, discuss the compiler error." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Schimbați `let mut x` în `let x`, discutați despre eroarea de compilare." #~ msgid "" #~ "Show how `print!` gives a compilation error if the arguments don't match " #~ "the format string." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Arătați cum `print!` dă o eroare de compilare dacă argumentele nu se " #~ "potrivesc cu șirul de format." #~ msgid "" #~ "Show how you need to use `{}` as a placeholder if you want to print an " #~ "expression which is more complex than just a single variable." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Arătați cum trebuie să folosiți `{}` ca un spațiu liber dacă doriți să " #~ "imprimați o expresie care este mai complexă decât o singură variabilă." #~ msgid "" #~ "Show the students the standard library, show them how to search for `std::" #~ "fmt` which has the rules of the formatting mini-language. It's important " #~ "that the students become familiar with searching in the standard library." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Arătați-le studenților biblioteca standard, arătați-le cum să caute `std::" #~ "fmt`, care conține regulile mini-limbaje de formatare. Este important ca " #~ "elevii să se familiarizeze cu căutarea în biblioteca standard." #~ msgid "" #~ "In a shell `rustup doc std::fmt` will open a browser on the local std::" #~ "fmt documentation" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Într-un terminal `rustup doc std::fmt` va deschide un browser pentru " #~ "documentația locală std::fmt" #~ msgid "Compile time memory safety." #~ msgstr "Oferă siguranța memoriei în timpul de compilare." #~ msgid "Lack of undefined runtime behavior." #~ msgstr "Nu există comportament nedefinit în timpul execuției." #~ msgid "Modern language features." #~ msgstr "Are caracteristici de limbaj moderne." #~ msgid "Let's consider the following \"minimum wrong example\" program in C:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Să luăm în considerare următorul exemplu de “program minimal greșit” în C:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```c,editable\n" #~ "#include \n" #~ "#include \n" #~ "#include \n" #~ "\n" #~ "int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {\n" #~ "\tchar *buf, *filename;\n" #~ "\tFILE *fp;\n" #~ "\tsize_t bytes, len;\n" #~ "\tstruct stat st;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\tswitch (argc) {\n" #~ "\t\tcase 1:\n" #~ "\t\t\tprintf(\"Too few arguments!\\n\");\n" #~ "\t\t\treturn 1;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\t\tcase 2:\n" #~ "\t\t\tfilename = argv[argc];\n" #~ "\t\t\tstat(filename, &st);\n" #~ "\t\t\tlen = st.st_size;\n" #~ "\t\t\t\n" #~ "\t\t\tbuf = (char*)malloc(len);\n" #~ "\t\t\tif (!buf)\n" #~ "\t\t\t\tprintf(\"malloc failed!\\n\", len);\n" #~ "\t\t\t\treturn 1;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\t\t\tfp = fopen(filename, \"rb\");\n" #~ "\t\t\tbytes = fread(buf, 1, len, fp);\n" #~ "\t\t\tif (bytes = st.st_size)\n" #~ "\t\t\t\tprintf(\"%s\", buf);\n" #~ "\t\t\telse\n" #~ "\t\t\t\tprintf(\"fread failed!\\n\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\t\tcase 3:\n" #~ "\t\t\tprintf(\"Too many arguments!\\n\");\n" #~ "\t\t\treturn 1;\n" #~ "\t}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\treturn 0;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```c,editabil\n" #~ "#include \n" #~ "#include \n" #~ "#include \n" #~ "\n" #~ "int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {\n" #~ "\tchar *buf, *filename;\n" #~ "\tFILE *fp;\n" #~ "\tsize_t bytes, len;\n" #~ "\tstruct stat st;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\tswitch (argc) {\n" #~ "\t\tcase 1:\n" #~ "\t\t\tprintf(\"Prea puține argumente!\\n\");\n" #~ "\t\t\treturn 1;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\t\tcase 2:\n" #~ "\t\t\tfilename = argv[argc];\n" #~ "\t\t\tstat(filename, &st);\n" #~ "\t\t\tlen = st.st_size;\n" #~ "\t\t\t\n" #~ "\t\t\tbuf = (char*)malloc(len);\n" #~ "\t\t\tif (!buf)\n" #~ "\t\t\t\tprintf(“malloc a eșuat!\\n” len);\n" #~ "\t\t\t\treturn 1;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\t\t\tfp = fopen(filename, \"rb\");\n" #~ "\t\t\tbytes = fread(buf, 1, len, fp);\n" #~ "\t\t\tif (bytes = st.st_size)\n" #~ "\t\t\t\tprintf(\"%s\", buf);\n" #~ "\t\t\telse\n" #~ "\t\t\t\tprintf(“fread a eșuat!\\n”);\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\t\tcase 3:\n" #~ "\t\t\tprintf(\"Prea multe argumente!\\n\");\n" #~ "\t\t\treturn 1;\n" #~ "\t}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\treturn 0;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "How many bugs do you spot?" #~ msgstr "Câte defecte găsești?" #~ msgid "" #~ "Despite just 29 lines of code, this C example contains serious bugs in at " #~ "least 11:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "În ciuda celor doar 29 de linii de cod, acest exemplu C conține erori " #~ "grave în cel puțin 11 dintre ele:" #~ msgid "Assignment `=` instead of equality comparison `==` (line 28)" #~ msgstr "Atribuirea `=` în locul comparației de egalitate `==` (linia 28)" #~ msgid "Excess argument to `printf` (line 23)" #~ msgstr "Argument în exces pentru `printf` (linia 23)" #~ msgid "File descriptor leak (after line 26)" #~ msgstr "Scurgere de descriptor de fișier (după linia 26)" #~ msgid "Forgotten braces in multi-line `if` (line 22)" #~ msgstr "Paranteze uitate în `if` pe mai multe linii (linia 22)" #~ msgid "Forgotten `break` in a `switch` statement (line 32)" #~ msgstr "`break` uitat într-o instrucțiune `switch` (linia 32)" #~ msgid "" #~ "Forgotten NUL-termination of the `buf` string, leading to a buffer " #~ "overflow (line 29)" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Terminatorul de NUL uitat a șirului `buf`, ceea ce duce la o depășire de " #~ "buffer (linia 29)" #~ msgid "Memory leak by not freeing the `malloc`\\-allocated buffer (line 21)" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Scurgere de memorie prin neeliberarea bufferului `malloc` alocat (linia " #~ "21)" #~ msgid "Out-of-bounds access (line 17)" #~ msgstr "Acces în afara limitelor (linia 17)" #~ msgid "Unchecked cases in the `switch` statement (line 11)" #~ msgstr "Cazuri necontrolate în instrucțiunea `switch` (linia 11)" #~ msgid "Unchecked return values of `stat` and `fopen` (lines 18 and 26)" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Valori de returnare necontrolate ale `stat` și `fopen` (liniile 18 și 26)" #~ msgid "" #~ "_Shouldn't these bugs be obvious even for a C compiler?_ \n" #~ "No, surprisingly this code compiles warning-free at the default warning " #~ "level, even in the latest GCC version (13.2 as of writing)." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Ar trebui ca aceste erori să fie evidente chiar și pentru un compilator " #~ "C, nu?\n" #~ "În mod surprinzător, acest cod se compilează fără avertismente la nivelul " #~ "de avertizare implicit, chiar și în cea mai recentă versiune GCC (13.2 în " #~ "momentul scrierii acestui articol)." #~ msgid "" #~ "_Isn't this a highly unrealistic example?_ \n" #~ "Absolutely not, these kind of bugs have lead to serious security " #~ "vulnerabilities in the past. Some examples:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Este acesta un exemplu deosebit de nerealist?\n" #~ "Categoric nu, acest tip de erori au condus în trecut la vulnerabilități " #~ "grave de securitate. Iată câteva exemple:" #~ msgid "" #~ "Assignment `=` instead of equality comparison `==`: [The Linux Backdoor " #~ "Attempt of 2003](https://freedom-to-tinker.com/2013/10/09/the-linux-" #~ "backdoor-attempt-of-2003)" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Atribuirea `=` în locul comparației de egalitate `==`: [Tentativa Linux " #~ "Backdoor din 2003](https://freedom-to-tinker.com/2013/10/09/the-linux-" #~ "backdoor-attempt-of-2003)" #~ msgid "" #~ "Forgotten braces in multi-line `if`: [The Apple goto fail vulnerability]" #~ "(https://dwheeler.com/essays/apple-goto-fail.html)" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Paranteze uitate în `if` pe mai multe linii: [Vulnerabilitatea Apple goto " #~ "fail](https://dwheeler.com/essays/apple-goto-fail.html)" #~ msgid "" #~ "Forgotten `break` in a `switch` statement: [The break that broke sudo]" #~ "(https://nakedsecurity.sophos.com/2012/05/21/anatomy-of-a-security-hole-" #~ "the-break-that-broke-sudo)" #~ msgstr "" #~ "`break` uitat într-o declarație `switch`: [Break care a stricat sudo]" #~ "(https://nakedsecurity.sophos.com/2012/05/21/anatomy-of-a-security-hole-" #~ "the-break-that-broke-sudo)" #~ msgid "" #~ "_How is Rust any better here?_ \n" #~ "Safe Rust makes all of these bugs impossible:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "De ce este mai bun Rust în acest caz?\n" #~ "Siguranța Rust face ca toate aceste erori să fie imposibile:" #~ msgid "Assignments inside an `if` clause are not supported." #~ msgstr "Atribuirile din interiorul unei clauze `if` nu sunt acceptate." #~ msgid "Format strings are checked at compile-time." #~ msgstr "Șirurile de caractere de format sunt verificate la compilare." #~ msgid "Resources are freed at the end of scope via the `Drop` trait." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Resursele sunt eliberate la sfârșitul domeniului de aplicare prin " #~ "intermediul trăsăturii `Drop`." #~ msgid "All `if` clauses require braces." #~ msgstr "Toate clauzele `if` necesită paranteze." #~ msgid "" #~ "`match` (as the Rust equivalent to `switch`) does not fall-through, hence " #~ "you can't accidentally forget a `break`." #~ msgstr "" #~ "`match` (echivalentul în Rust al lui `switch`) nu cascadează, prin urmare " #~ "nu puteți uita accidental un `break`." #~ msgid "Buffer slices carry their size and don't rely on a NUL terminator." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Bucățile de memorii tampon își păstrează dimensiunea și nu se bazează pe " #~ "un terminator NUL." #~ msgid "" #~ "Heap-allocated memory is freed via the `Drop` trait when the " #~ "corresponding `Box` leaves the scope." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Memoria alocată în heap este eliberată prin intermediul trăsăturii `Drop` " #~ "atunci când `Box` corespunzător părăsește domeniul de aplicare." #~ msgid "" #~ "Out-of-bounds accesses cause a panic or can be checked via the `get` " #~ "method of a slice." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Accesările în afara limitelor provoacă o panică sau pot fi verificate " #~ "prin metoda `get` a unei felii." #~ msgid "`match` mandates that all cases are handled." #~ msgstr "`match` impune ca toate cazurile să fie tratate." #~ msgid "" #~ "Fallible Rust functions return `Result` values that need to be unwrapped " #~ "and thereby checked for success. Additionally, the compiler emits a " #~ "warning if you miss to check the return value of a function marked with " #~ "`#[must_use]`." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Funcțiile Rust fragile returnează valori `Result` care trebuie desfăcute " #~ "și, prin urmare, verificate pentru succes. În plus, compilatorul emite un " #~ "avertisment dacă nu verificați valoarea de returnare a unei funcții " #~ "marcate cu `#[must_use]`." #~ msgid "Static memory management at compile time:" #~ msgstr "Gestionarea statică a memoriei în momentul compilării:" #~ msgid "No memory leaks (_mostly_, see notes)." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Nu există scurgeri de memorie (_în cea mai mare parte_, a se vedea notele " #~ "de subsol)." #~ msgid "" #~ "It is possible to produce memory leaks in (safe) Rust. Some examples are:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Sunt posibile scurgeri de memorie în Rust (sigur). Câteva exemple sunt:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "You can use [`Box::leak`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/boxed/struct.Box." #~ "html#method.leak) to leak a pointer. A use of this could be to get " #~ "runtime-initialized and runtime-sized static variables" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Puteți utiliza [`Box::leak`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/boxed/struct." #~ "Box.html#method.leak) pentru a scurge un pointer. O utilizare a acestui " #~ "lucru ar putea fi obținerea variabilelor statice inițializate și " #~ "dimensionate în timp de execuție" #~ msgid "" #~ "You can use [`std::mem::forget`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/mem/fn." #~ "forget.html) to make the compiler \"forget\" about a value (meaning the " #~ "destructor is never run)." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Puteți utiliza [`std::mem::forget`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/mem/fn." #~ "forget.html) pentru a face compilatorul să \"uite\" de o valoare (ceea ce " #~ "înseamnă că destructorul nu este executat niciodată)." #~ msgid "" #~ "You can also accidentally create a [reference cycle](https://doc.rust-" #~ "lang.org/book/ch15-06-reference-cycles.html) with `Rc` or `Arc`." #~ msgstr "" #~ "De asemenea, puteți crea din greșeală un [ciclu de referință](https://doc." #~ "rust-lang.org/book/ch15-06-reference-cycles.html) cu `Rc` sau `Arc`." #~ msgid "" #~ "In fact, some will consider infinitely populating a collection a memory " #~ "leak and Rust does not protect from those." #~ msgstr "" #~ "De fapt, unii vor considera că popularea la infinit a unei colecții " #~ "reprezintă o scurgere de memorie, iar Rust nu oferă protecție în acest " #~ "sens." #~ msgid "" #~ "For the purpose of this course, \"No memory leaks\" should be understood " #~ "as \"Pretty much no _accidental_ memory leaks\"." #~ msgstr "" #~ "În scopul acestui curs, \"Fără scurgeri de memorie\" ar trebui să fie " #~ "înțeles ca fiind \"Aproape fără scurgeri de memorie _accidentale_\"." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Integer overflow is defined via the [`overflow-checks`](https://doc.rust-" #~ "lang.org/rustc/codegen-options/index.html#overflow-checks) compile-time " #~ "flag. If enabled, the program will panic (a controlled crash of the " #~ "program), otherwise you get wrap-around semantics. By default, you get " #~ "panics in debug mode (`cargo build`) and wrap-around in release mode " #~ "(`cargo build --release`)." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Depășirea de numere întregi este definită prin intermediul indicatorului " #~ "[`overflow-checks`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rustc/codegen-options/index." #~ "html#overflow-checks) din timpul compilării. Dacă este activat, programul " #~ "va intra în panică (o prăbușire controlată a programului), în caz contrar " #~ "veți obține o semantică de tip wrap-around. În mod implicit, veți obține " #~ "panică în modul de depanare (`cargo build`) și wrap-around în modul de " #~ "lansare (`cargo build --release`)." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Bounds checking cannot be disabled with a compiler flag. It can also not " #~ "be disabled directly with the `unsafe` keyword. However, `unsafe` allows " #~ "you to call functions such as `slice::get_unchecked` which does not do " #~ "bounds checking." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Verificarea limitelor nu poate fi dezactivată cu un indicator de " #~ "compilare. De asemenea, nu poate fi dezactivată direct cu ajutorul " #~ "cuvântului cheie `unsafe`. Cu toate acestea, `unsafe` vă permite să " #~ "apelați funcții cum ar fi `slice::get_unchecked`, care nu efectuează " #~ "verificarea limitelor." #~ msgid "Rust is built with all the experience gained in the last decades." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Rust este construit cu toată experiența acumulată în ultimele decenii." #~ msgid "Language Features" #~ msgstr "Caracteristici ale limbajului" #~ msgid "Tooling" #~ msgstr "Unelte" #~ msgid "" #~ "Zero-cost abstractions, similar to C++, means that you don't have to " #~ "'pay' for higher-level programming constructs with memory or CPU. For " #~ "example, writing a loop using `for` should result in roughly the same low " #~ "level instructions as using the `.iter().fold()` construct." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Abstracțiile cu costuri zero, similare cu C++, înseamnă că nu trebuie să " #~ "\"plătiți\" pentru construcțiile de programare de nivel superior cu " #~ "memorie sau putere de procesare. De exemplu, scrierea unei bucle folosind " #~ "`for` ar trebui să rezulte în aproximativ aceleași instrucțiuni de nivel " #~ "scăzut ca și cum ai folosi construcția `.iter().fold()`." #~ msgid "" #~ "It may be worth mentioning that Rust enums are 'Algebraic Data Types', " #~ "also known as 'sum types', which allow the type system to express things " #~ "like `Option` and `Result`." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Poate că merită menționat faptul că enumerațiile Rust sunt \"Tipuri de " #~ "date algebrice\", cunoscute și sub numele de \"tipuri sumabile\", care " #~ "permit sistemului de tipuri să exprime lucruri cum ar fi `Opțiune` și " #~ "`Rezultat`." #~ msgid "" #~ "Remind people to read the errors --- many developers have gotten used to " #~ "ignore lengthy compiler output. The Rust compiler is significantly more " #~ "talkative than other compilers. It will often provide you with " #~ "_actionable_ feedback, ready to copy-paste into your code." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Reamintiți-le cursanților să citească erorile --- mulți dezvoltatori s-au " #~ "obișnuit să ignore ieșirile lungi ale compilatorului. Compilatorul Rust " #~ "este semnificativ mai vorbăreț decât alte compilatoare. Acesta vă va " #~ "oferi adesea un feedback _acționabil_, gata de a fi folosit în codul " #~ "dumneavoastră." #~ msgid "" #~ "The Rust standard library is small compared to languages like Java, " #~ "Python, and Go. Rust does not come with several things you might consider " #~ "standard and essential:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Biblioteca standard Rust este mică în comparație cu limbaje precum Java, " #~ "Python și Go. Rust nu include mai multe lucruri pe care le-ați putea " #~ "considera standard și esențiale:" #~ msgid "a random number generator, but see [rand](https://docs.rs/rand/)." #~ msgstr "" #~ "un generator de numere aleatoare, dar a se vedea [rand](https://docs.rs/" #~ "rand/)." #~ msgid "support for SSL or TLS, but see [rusttls](https://docs.rs/rustls/)." #~ msgstr "" #~ "suport pentru SSL sau TLS, dar consultați [rusttls](https://docs.rs/" #~ "rustls/)." #~ msgid "support for JSON, but see [serde_json](https://docs.rs/serde_json/)." #~ msgstr "" #~ "suport pentru JSON, dar a se vedea [serde_json](https://docs.rs/" #~ "serde_json/)." #~ msgid "" #~ "The reasoning behind this is that functionality in the standard library " #~ "cannot go away, so it has to be very stable. For the examples above, the " #~ "Rust community is still working on finding the best solution --- and " #~ "perhaps there isn't a single \"best solution\" for some of these things." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Raționamentul din spatele acestui lucru este că funcționalitatea din " #~ "biblioteca standard nu poate dispărea, așa că trebuie să fie foarte " #~ "stabilă. Pentru exemplele de mai sus, comunitatea Rust încă lucrează " #~ "pentru a găsi cea mai bună soluție --- și poate că nu există o singură " #~ "\"soluție optimă\" pentru unele dintre aceste lucruri." #~ msgid "" #~ "Rust comes with a built-in package manager in the form of Cargo and this " #~ "makes it trivial to download and compile third-party crates. A " #~ "consequence of this is that the standard library can be smaller." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Rust vine cu un manager de pachete încorporat sub forma Cargo, ceea ce " #~ "face ca descărcarea și compilarea de crates de la terți să fie banală. O " #~ "consecință a acestui fapt este că biblioteca standard poate fi mai mică." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Discovering good third-party crates can be a problem. Sites like help with this by letting you compare health metrics for crates " #~ "to find a good and trusted one." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Descoperirea unor crates bune de la terți poate fi o problemă. Site-uri " #~ "precum vă ajută în acest sens, permițându-vă să " #~ "comparați parametrii pentru crater pentru a găsi una bună și de încredere." #~ msgid "" #~ "[rust-analyzer](https://rust-analyzer.github.io/) is a well supported LSP " #~ "implementation used in major IDEs and text editors." #~ msgstr "" #~ "[rust-analyzer](https://rust-analyzer.github.io/) este o implementare LSP " #~ "cu suport bun, folosită în principalele IDE-uri și editoare de text." #~ msgid "`\"foo\"`, `\"two\\nlines\"`" #~ msgstr "`\"foo\"`, `”două\\nlinii”`" #~ msgid "Like C++, Rust has references:" #~ msgstr "La fel ca în C++, Rust are referințe:" #~ msgid "" #~ "We must dereference `ref_x` when assigning to it, similar to C and C++ " #~ "pointers." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Trebuie să dereferențiem `ref_x` atunci când îl atribuim, similar " #~ "pointerilor din C și C++." #~ msgid "" #~ "References that are declared as `mut` can be bound to different values " #~ "over their lifetime." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Referințele care sunt declarate ca `mut` pot face referire la valori " #~ "diferite pe parcursul duratei lor de viață." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "A reference is said to \"borrow\" the value it refers to." #~ msgstr "Se spune că o referință \"împrumută\" valoarea la care se referă." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Rust is tracking the lifetimes of all references to ensure they live long " #~ "enough." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Rust urmărește durata de viață a tuturor referințelor pentru a se asigura " #~ "că acestea trăiesc suficient de mult." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "`String` vs `str`" #~ msgstr "String versus str" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "We can now understand the two string types in Rust:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Acum putem înțelege cele două tipuri de șiruri de caractere în Rust:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let s1: &str = \"World\";\n" #~ " println!(\"s1: {s1}\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut s2: String = String::from(\"Hello \");\n" #~ " println!(\"s2: {s2}\");\n" #~ " s2.push_str(s1);\n" #~ " println!(\"s2: {s2}\");\n" #~ " \n" #~ " let s3: &str = &s2[6..];\n" #~ " println!(\"s3: {s3}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let s1: &str = \"World\";\n" #~ " println!(\"s1: {s1}\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut s2: String = String::from(\"Hello \");\n" #~ " println!(\"s2: {s2}\");\n" #~ " s2.push_str(s1);\n" #~ " println!(\"s2: {s2}\");\n" #~ " \n" #~ " let s3: &str = &s2[6..];\n" #~ " println!(\"s3: {s3}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "You can borrow `&str` slices from `String` via `&` and optionally range " #~ "selection." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Puteți împrumuta felii `&str` de la `String` prin `&` și, opțional, prin " #~ "selectarea intervalului." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "A Rust version of the famous [FizzBuzz](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" #~ "Fizz_buzz) interview question:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "O versiune Rust a faimoasei întrebări de interviu [FizzBuzz](https://en." #~ "wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizz_buzz):" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "We refer in `main` to a function written below. Neither forward " #~ "declarations nor headers are necessary. " #~ msgstr "" #~ "Ne referim în `main` la o funcție scrisă mai jos. Nu sunt necesare nici " #~ "declarațiile forward și nici anteturile." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The range expression in the `for` loop in `print_fizzbuzz_to()` contains " #~ "`=n`, which causes it to include the upper bound." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Expresia intervalului din bucla `for` din `print_fizzbuzz_to()` conține " #~ "`=n`, ceea ce face ca aceasta să includă limita superioară." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "All language items in Rust can be documented using special `///` syntax." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Toate elementele de limbaj din Rust pot fi documentate folosind sintaxa " #~ "specială `////`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "/// Determine whether the first argument is divisible by the second " #~ "argument.\n" #~ "///\n" #~ "/// If the second argument is zero, the result is false.\n" #~ "///\n" #~ "/// # Example\n" #~ "/// ```\n" #~ "/// assert!(is_divisible_by(42, 2));\n" #~ "/// ```\n" #~ "fn is_divisible_by(lhs: u32, rhs: u32) -> bool {\n" #~ " if rhs == 0 {\n" #~ " return false; // Corner case, early return\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " lhs % rhs == 0 // The last expression in a block is the return " #~ "value\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "/// Determină dacă primul argument este divizibil cu al doilea argument.\n" #~ "///\n" #~ "/// Dacă al doilea argument este zero, rezultatul este fals.\n" #~ "///\n" #~ "/// # Exemplu\n" #~ "/// ```\n" #~ "/// assert!(is_divisible_by(42, 2));\n" #~ "/// ```\n" #~ "fn is_divisible_by(lhs: u32, rhs: u32) -> bool {\n" #~ " if rhs == 0 {\n" #~ " return false; // Cazul de colț, întoarcere timpurie\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " lhs % rhs == 0 // Ultima expresie dintr-un bloc este valoarea de " #~ "returnare\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "This course does not include rustdoc on slides, just to save space, but " #~ "in real code they should be present." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Acest curs nu include rustdoc pe slide-uri, doar pentru a economisi " #~ "spațiu, dar în codul real ar trebui să fie prezente." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Inner doc comments are discussed later (in the page on modules) and need " #~ "not be addressed here." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Comentariile din interiorul documentului sunt discutate mai târziu (în " #~ "pagina privind modulele) și nu este necesar să fie abordate aici." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Rustdoc comments can contain code snippets that we can run and test using " #~ "`cargo test`. We will discuss these tests in the [Testing section](../" #~ "testing/doc-tests.html)." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Comentariile Rustdoc pot conține fragmente de cod pe care le putem rula " #~ "și testa folosind `cargo test`. Vom discuta despre aceste teste în " #~ "secțiunea [Testing](../testing/doc-tests.html)." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Methods are functions associated with a type. The `self` argument of a " #~ "method is an instance of the type it is associated with:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Metodele sunt funcții asociate cu un tip. Argumentul `self` al unei " #~ "metode este o instanță a tipului cu care este asociată:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "struct Rectangle {\n" #~ " width: u32,\n" #~ " height: u32,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Rectangle {\n" #~ " fn area(&self) -> u32 {\n" #~ " self.width * self.height\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn inc_width(&mut self, delta: u32) {\n" #~ " self.width += delta;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut rect = Rectangle { width: 10, height: 5 };\n" #~ " println!(\"old area: {}\", rect.area());\n" #~ " rect.inc_width(5);\n" #~ " println!(\"new area: {}\", rect.area());\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "struct Rectangle {\n" #~ " width: u32,\n" #~ " height: u32,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Rectangle {\n" #~ " fn area(&self) -> u32 {\n" #~ " self.width * self.height\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn inc_width(&mut self, delta: u32) {\n" #~ " self.width += delta;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut rect = Rectangle { width: 10, height: 5 };\n" #~ " println!(\"old area: {}\", rect.area()));\n" #~ " rect.inc_width(5);\n" #~ " println!(\"new area: {}\", rect.area());\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "We will look much more at methods in today's exercise and in tomorrow's " #~ "class." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Vom analiza mult mai multe metode în exercițiul de astăzi și în cursul de " #~ "mâine." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Add a static method called `Rectangle::new` and call this from `main`:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Adăugați o metodă statică numită `Rectangle::new` și apelați-o din `main`:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "While _technically_, Rust does not have custom constructors, static " #~ "methods are commonly used to initialize structs (but don't have to). The " #~ "actual constructor, `Rectangle { width, height }`, could be called " #~ "directly. See the [Rustnomicon](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/" #~ "constructors.html)." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Deși, din punct de vedere tehnic, Rust nu are constructori personalizați, " #~ "metodele statice sunt utilizate în mod obișnuit pentru a inițializa " #~ "structurile (dar nu trebuie să o facă). Constructorul propriu-zis, " #~ "`Rectangle { width, height }`, ar putea fi apelat direct. A se vedea " #~ "[Rustnomicon](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/constructors.html)." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Add a `Rectangle::square(width: u32)` constructor to illustrate that such " #~ "static methods can take arbitrary parameters." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Adăugați un constructor `Rectangle::square(width: u32)` pentru a ilustra " #~ "faptul că astfel de metode statice pot lua parametri arbitrari." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Function Overloading" #~ msgstr "Supraîncărcarea funcțiilor" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Overloading is not supported:" #~ msgstr "Supraîncărcarea nu este acceptată:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Always takes a fixed number of parameters." #~ msgstr "Acceptă întotdeauna un număr fix de parametri." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Default values are not supported:" #~ msgstr "Valorile implicite nu sunt acceptate:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "All call sites have the same number of arguments." #~ msgstr "Toate site-urile de apelare au același număr de argumente." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Macros are sometimes used as an alternative." #~ msgstr "Macros sunt uneori folosite ca alternativă." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "However, function parameters can be generic:" #~ msgstr "Cu toate acestea, parametrii funcțiilor pot fi generici:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn pick_one(a: T, b: T) -> T {\n" #~ " if std::process::id() % 2 == 0 { a } else { b }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " println!(\"coin toss: {}\", pick_one(\"heads\", \"tails\"));\n" #~ " println!(\"cash prize: {}\", pick_one(500, 1000));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "fn pick_one(a: T, b: T) -> T {\n" #~ " if std::process::id() % 2 == 0 { a } else { b }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " println!(\"aruncarea monedei: {}\", pick_one(\"heads\", \"tails\"));\n" #~ " println!(\"premiu în bani: {}\", pick_one(500, 1000));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "When using generics, the standard library's `Into` can provide a kind " #~ "of limited polymorphism on argument types. We will see more details in a " #~ "later section." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Atunci când se utilizează generice, `Into` din biblioteca standard " #~ "poate oferi un fel de polimorfism limitat pentru tipurile de argumente. " #~ "Vom vedea mai multe detalii într-o secțiune ulterioară." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Day 1: Morning Exercises" #~ msgstr "Ziua 1: Exerciții de dimineață" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "In these exercises, we will explore two parts of Rust:" #~ msgstr "În aceste exerciții, vom explora două părți din Rust:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Implicit conversions between types." #~ msgstr "Conversii implicite între tipuri." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Arrays and `for` loops." #~ msgstr "Array-uri și bucle `for`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "A few things to consider while solving the exercises:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Câteva lucruri de care trebuie să țineți cont în timpul rezolvării " #~ "exercițiilor:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Use a local Rust installation, if possible. This way you can get auto-" #~ "completion in your editor. See the page about [Using Cargo](../../cargo." #~ "md) for details on installing Rust." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Utilizați o instalație Rust locală, dacă este posibil. În acest fel, " #~ "puteți obține autocompletare în editorul dumneavoastră. Consultați pagina " #~ "despre [Using Cargo](../../cargo.md) pentru detalii despre instalarea " #~ "Rust." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Alternatively, use the Rust Playground." #~ msgstr "Alternativ, puteți utiliza Rust Playground." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The code snippets are not editable on purpose: the inline code snippets " #~ "lose their state if you navigate away from the page." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Fragmentele de cod nu sunt editabile în mod intenționat: fragmentele de " #~ "cod în linie își pierd starea dacă navigați în afara paginii." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Rust will not automatically apply _implicit conversions_ between types " #~ "([unlike C++](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/" #~ "implicit_conversion)). You can see this in a program like this:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Rust nu va aplica în mod automat conversii _implicite_ între tipuri " #~ "([spre deosebire de C++](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/" #~ "implicit_conversion)). Puteți vedea acest lucru într-un program ca acesta:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The Rust integer types all implement the [`From`](https://doc.rust-" #~ "lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html) and [`Into`](https://doc.rust-" #~ "lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) traits to let us convert between " #~ "them. The `From` trait has a single `from()` method and similarly, the " #~ "`Into` trait has a single `into()` method. Implementing these traits " #~ "is how a type expresses that it can be converted into another type." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Toate tipurile de numere întregi Rust implementează trăsăturile " #~ "[`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html) și " #~ "[`Into`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) pentru " #~ "a ne permite să facem conversia între ele. Caracteristica `From` are o " #~ "singură metodă `from()` și, în mod similar, caracteristica `Into` are " #~ "o singură metodă `into()`. Implementarea acestor trăsături reprezintă " #~ "modul în care un tip exprimă faptul că poate fi convertit într-un alt tip." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The standard library has an implementation of `From for i16`, which " #~ "means that we can convert a variable `x` of type `i8` to an `i16` by " #~ "calling `i16::from(x)`. Or, simpler, with `x.into()`, because `From " #~ "for i16` implementation automatically create an implementation of " #~ "`Into for i8`." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Biblioteca standard are o implementare a `From pentru i16`, ceea ce " #~ "înseamnă că putem converti o variabilă `x` de tip `i8` în `i16` prin " #~ "apelarea `i16::from(x)`. Sau, mai simplu, cu `x.into()`, deoarece " #~ "implementarea `From for i16` creează automat o implementare a " #~ "`Into for i8`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The same applies for your own `From` implementations for your own types, " #~ "so it is sufficient to only implement `From` to get a respective `Into` " #~ "implementation automatically." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Același lucru este valabil și pentru propriile implementări `From` pentru " #~ "propriile tipuri, astfel încât este suficient să implementați doar `From` " #~ "pentru a obține automat o implementare `Into` corespunzătoare." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Execute the above program and look at the compiler error." #~ msgstr "Executați programul de mai sus și observați eroarea de compilare." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Update the code above to use `into()` to do the conversion." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Actualizați codul de mai sus pentru a utiliza `into()` pentru a face " #~ "conversia." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Change the types of `x` and `y` to other things (such as `f32`, `bool`, " #~ "`i128`) to see which types you can convert to which other types. Try " #~ "converting small types to big types and the other way around. Check the " #~ "[standard library documentation](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/" #~ "trait.From.html) to see if `From` is implemented for the pairs you " #~ "check." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Schimbați tipurile de `x` și `y` în alte tipuri (cum ar fi `f32`, `bool`, " #~ "`i128`) pentru a vedea ce tipuri puteți converti în ce alte tipuri. " #~ "Încercați să convertiți tipurile mici în tipuri mari și invers. " #~ "Verificați în [documentația bibliotecii standard](https://doc.rust-lang." #~ "org/std/convert/trait.From.html) pentru a vedea dacă `From` este " #~ "implementat pentru perechile pe care le verificați." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Arrays and `for` Loops" #~ msgstr "Array-uri și bucle `for`" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "We saw that an array can be declared like this:" #~ msgstr "Am văzut că un array poate fi declarat astfel:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "You can print such an array by asking for its debug representation with " #~ "`{:?}`:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Puteți imprima un astfel de tablou cerând reprezentarea sa de depanare cu " #~ "`{:?}`:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Rust lets you iterate over things like arrays and ranges using the `for` " #~ "keyword:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Rust vă permite să iterați peste lucruri precum array-uri și intervale " #~ "folosind cuvântul cheie `for`:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let array = [10, 20, 30];\n" #~ " print!(\"Iterating over array:\");\n" #~ " for n in &array {\n" #~ " print!(\" {n}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " println!();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " print!(\"Iterating over range:\");\n" #~ " for i in 0..3 {\n" #~ " print!(\" {}\", array[i]);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " println!();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let array = [10, 20, 30];\n" #~ " print!(\"Iterând peste array:\");\n" #~ " for n in &array {\n" #~ " print!(\" {n}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " println!();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " print!(\"Iterare pe interval:\");\n" #~ " for i in 0..3 {\n" #~ " print!(\" {}\", array[i]);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " println!();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,should_panic\n" #~ "// TODO: remove this when you're done with your implementation.\n" #~ "#![allow(unused_variables, dead_code)]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn transpose(matrix: [[i32; 3]; 3]) -> [[i32; 3]; 3] {\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn pretty_print(matrix: &[[i32; 3]; 3]) {\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let matrix = [\n" #~ " [101, 102, 103], // <-- the comment makes rustfmt add a newline\n" #~ " [201, 202, 203],\n" #~ " [301, 302, 303],\n" #~ " ];\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"matrix:\");\n" #~ " pretty_print(&matrix);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let transposed = transpose(matrix);\n" #~ " println!(\"transposed:\");\n" #~ " pretty_print(&transposed);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,should_panic\n" #~ "// TODO: eliminați acest lucru atunci când ați terminat cu " #~ "implementarea.\n" #~ "#![allow(unused_variables, dead_code)]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn transpose(matrix: [[i32; 3]; 3]) -> [[i32; 3]; 3]; 3] {\n" #~ " neimplementat!()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn pretty_print(matrix: &[[i32; 3]; 3]) {\n" #~ " neimplementat!()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let matrix = [\n" #~ " [101, 102, 103], // <-- comentariul face ca rustfmt să adauge o " #~ "linie nouă\n" #~ " [201, 202, 203],\n" #~ " [301, 302, 303],\n" #~ " ];\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"matrice:\");\n" #~ " pretty_print(&matrix);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let transposed = transpose(matrix);\n" #~ " println!(\"transposed:\");\n" #~ " pretty_print(&transposed);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Bonus Question" #~ msgstr "Întrebare bonus" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Could you use `&[i32]` slices instead of hard-coded 3 × 3 matrices for " #~ "your argument and return types? Something like `&[&[i32]]` for a two-" #~ "dimensional slice-of-slices. Why or why not?" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Ați putea folosi felii `&[i32]` în loc de matrici 3 × 3 codificate pentru " #~ "tipurile de argument și de returnare? Ceva de genul `&[&[i32]]` pentru o " #~ "felie de felii bidimensională. De ce sau de ce nu?" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "See the [`ndarray` crate](https://docs.rs/ndarray/) for a production " #~ "quality implementation." #~ msgstr "" #~ "A se vedea [`ndarray` crate](https://docs.rs/ndarray/) pentru o " #~ "implementare de calitate de producție." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The solution and the answer to the bonus section are available in the " #~ "[Solution](solutions-morning.md#arrays-and-for-loops) section." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Soluția și răspunsul la secțiunea bonus sunt disponibile în secțiunea " #~ "[Solution](solutions-morning.md#arrays-and-for-loops)." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The use of the reference `&array` within `for n in &array` is a subtle " #~ "preview of issues of ownership that will come later in the afternoon." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Folosirea referinței `&array` în `for n in &array` este o previzualizare " #~ "subtilă a problemelor de proprietate care vor apărea mai târziu în cursul " #~ "după-amiezii." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Without the `&`..." #~ msgstr "Fără `&`..." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The loop would have been one that consumes the array. This is a change " #~ "[introduced in the 2021 Edition](https://doc.rust-lang.org/edition-guide/" #~ "rust-2021/IntoIterator-for-arrays.html)." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Bucla ar fi trebuit să fie una care consumă matricea. Aceasta este o " #~ "modificare [introdusă în ediția din 2021](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" #~ "edition-guide/rust-2021/IntoIterator-for-arrays.html)." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "An implicit array copy would have occurred. Since `i32` is a copy type, " #~ "then `[i32; 3]` is also a copy type." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Ar fi avut loc o copiere implicită a matricei. Din moment ce `i32` este " #~ "un tip de copiere, atunci `[i32; 3]` este, de asemenea, un tip de copiere." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "As we have seen, `if` is an expression in Rust. It is used to " #~ "conditionally evaluate one of two blocks, but the blocks can have a value " #~ "which then becomes the value of the `if` expression. Other control flow " #~ "expressions work similarly in Rust." #~ msgstr "" #~ "După cum am văzut, `if` este o expresie în Rust. Este utilizată pentru a " #~ "evalua condiționat unul dintre două blocuri, dar blocurile pot avea o " #~ "valoare care devine apoi valoarea expresiei `if`. Alte expresii de flux " #~ "de control funcționează în mod similar în Rust." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The same rule is used for functions: the value of the function body is " #~ "the return value:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Aceeași regulă este utilizată pentru funcții: valoarea corpului funcției " #~ "este valoarea de returnare:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The point of this slide is to show that blocks have a type and value in " #~ "Rust. " #~ msgstr "" #~ "Scopul acestui diapozitiv este de a arăta că blocurile au un tip și o " #~ "valoare în Rust." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The [`for` loop](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/keyword.for.html) is " #~ "closely related to the [`while let` loop](while-let-expressions.md). It " #~ "will automatically call `into_iter()` on the expression and then iterate " #~ "over it:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Bucla [`for`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/keyword.for.html) este strâns " #~ "legată de bucla [`while let`](while-let-expressions.md). Aceasta va apela " #~ "automat `into_iter()` pe expresie și apoi va itera peste ea:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "You can use `break` and `continue` here as usual." #~ msgstr "Puteți folosi `break` și `continue` aici ca de obicei." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Index iteration is not a special syntax in Rust for just that case." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Iterația indexului nu este o sintaxă specială în Rust doar pentru acest " #~ "caz." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "`(0..10)` is a range that implements an `Iterator` trait. " #~ msgstr "" #~ "`(0..10)` este un interval care implementează o trăsătură `Iterator`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "`step_by` is a method that returns another `Iterator` that skips every " #~ "other element. " #~ msgstr "" #~ "`step_by` este o metodă care returnează un alt `Iterator` care sare peste " #~ "fiecare alt element." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Modify the elements in the vector and explain the compiler errors. Change " #~ "vector `v` to be mutable and the for loop to `for x in v.iter_mut()`." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Modificați elementele din vector și explicați erorile compilatorului. " #~ "Modificați vectorul `v` pentru a fi mutabil, iar bucla for în `for x in v." #~ "iter_mut()`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "`loop` expressions" #~ msgstr "expresii cu bucle" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Finally, there is a [`loop` keyword](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/" #~ "expressions/loop-expr.html#infinite-loops) which creates an endless loop." #~ msgstr "" #~ "În cele din urmă, există un cuvânt cheie [`loop`](https://doc.rust-lang." #~ "org/reference/expressions/loop-expr.html#infinite-loops) care creează o " #~ "buclă nesfârșită." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Here you must either `break` or `return` to stop the loop:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Aici trebuie să folosiți fie `break`, fie `return` pentru a opri bucla:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Break the `loop` with a value (e.g. `break 8`) and print it out." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Întrerupeți `loop` cu o valoare (de exemplu, `break 8`) și tipăriți-o." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Due to type inference the `i32` is optional. We will gradually show the " #~ "types less and less as the course progresses." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Datorită inferenței de tip, `i32` este opțional. Vom arăta treptat " #~ "tipurile din ce în ce mai puțin pe măsură ce cursul avansează." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The following code tells the compiler to copy into a certain generic " #~ "container without the code ever explicitly specifying the contained type, " #~ "using `_` as a placeholder:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Următorul cod îi spune compilatorului să copieze într-un anumit container " #~ "generic fără ca codul să specifice vreodată în mod explicit tipul " #~ "conținut, folosind `_` ca un spațiu rezervat:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "[`collect`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/iter/trait.Iterator." #~ "html#method.collect) relies on [`FromIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" #~ "std/iter/trait.FromIterator.html), which [`HashSet`](https://doc.rust-" #~ "lang.org/std/collections/struct.HashSet.html#impl-FromIterator%3CT%3E-for-" #~ "HashSet%3CT,+S%3E) implements." #~ msgstr "" #~ "[`collect`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/iter/trait.Iterator." #~ "html#method.collect) se bazează pe [`FromIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang." #~ "org/std/iter/trait.FromIterator.html), pe care îl implementează " #~ "[`HashSet`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/collections/struct.HashSet." #~ "html#impl-FromIterator%3CT%3E-for-HashSet%3CT,+S%3E)." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Static and Constant Variables" #~ msgstr "Variabile statice și constante" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "static BANNER: &str = \"Welcome to RustOS 3.14\";\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " println!(\"{BANNER}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "static BANNER: &str = \"Bine ați venit la RustOS 3.14\";\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " println!(\"{BANNER}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let a = 10;\n" #~ " println!(\"before: {a}\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " {\n" #~ " let a = \"hello\";\n" #~ " println!(\"inner scope: {a}\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let a = true;\n" #~ " println!(\"shadowed in inner scope: {a}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"after: {a}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let a = 10;\n" #~ " println!(\"înainte: {a}\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " {\n" #~ " let a = \"bună ziua\";\n" #~ " printlnn!(\"domeniul interior: {a}\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let a = true;\n" #~ " println!(\"umbrită în domeniul interior: {a}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"după: {a}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The following code demonstrates why the compiler can't simply reuse " #~ "memory locations when shadowing an immutable variable in a scope, even if " #~ "the type does not change." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Următorul cod demonstrează de ce compilatorul nu poate reutiliza pur și " #~ "simplu locațiile de memorie atunci când umbrește o variabilă imuabilă " #~ "într-un domeniu de aplicare, chiar dacă tipul nu se schimbă." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn generate_random_number() -> i32 {\n" #~ " // Implementation based on https://xkcd.com/221/\n" #~ " 4 // Chosen by fair dice roll. Guaranteed to be random.\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "enum CoinFlip {\n" #~ " Heads,\n" #~ " Tails,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn flip_coin() -> CoinFlip {\n" #~ " let random_number = generate_random_number();\n" #~ " if random_number % 2 == 0 {\n" #~ " return CoinFlip::Heads;\n" #~ " } else {\n" #~ " return CoinFlip::Tails;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " println!(\"You got: {:?}\", flip_coin());\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "fn generate_random_number() -> i32 {\n" #~ " // Implementare bazată pe https://xkcd.com/221/\n" #~ " 4 // Ales prin aruncarea corectă a zarurilor. Garantat a fi " #~ "aleatoriu.\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "enum CoinFlip {\n" #~ " Cap,\n" #~ " Pajură,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn flip_coin() -> CoinFlip {\n" #~ " let random_number = generate_random_number();\n" #~ " if random_number % 2 == 0 {\n" #~ " return CoinFlip::Heads;\n" #~ " } else {\n" #~ " return CoinFlip::Tails;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " println!(\"Ai obținut: {:?}\", flip_coin());\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "This page offers an enum type `CoinFlip` with two variants `Heads` and " #~ "`Tails`. You might note the namespace when using variants." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Această pagină oferă un tip enum `CoinFlip` cu două variante `Heads` și " #~ "`Tails`. Trebuie să țineți cont de spațiul de nume atunci când folosiți " #~ "variante." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "In both, associated functions are defined within an `impl` block." #~ msgstr "" #~ "În ambele, funcțiile asociate sunt definite în cadrul unui bloc `impl`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "You can define richer enums where the variants carry data. You can then " #~ "use the `match` statement to extract the data from each variant:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Puteți defini enume mai bogate în care variantele conțin date. Apoi " #~ "puteți utiliza instrucțiunea `match` pentru a extrage datele din fiecare " #~ "variantă:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "enum WebEvent {\n" #~ " PageLoad, // Variant without payload\n" #~ " KeyPress(char), // Tuple struct variant\n" #~ " Click { x: i64, y: i64 }, // Full struct variant\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[rustfmt::skip]\n" #~ "fn inspect(event: WebEvent) {\n" #~ " match event {\n" #~ " WebEvent::PageLoad => println!(\"page loaded\"),\n" #~ " WebEvent::KeyPress(c) => println!(\"pressed '{c}'\"),\n" #~ " WebEvent::Click { x, y } => println!(\"clicked at x={x}, " #~ "y={y}\"),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let load = WebEvent::PageLoad;\n" #~ " let press = WebEvent::KeyPress('x');\n" #~ " let click = WebEvent::Click { x: 20, y: 80 };\n" #~ "\n" #~ " inspect(load);\n" #~ " inspect(press);\n" #~ " inspect(click);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "enum WebEvent {\n" #~ " PageLoad, // Variantă fără sarcină utilă\n" #~ " KeyPress(char), // Variantă cu structură de tuple\n" #~ " Click { x: i64, y: i64 }, // Variantă structurală completă\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[rustfmt::skip]\n" #~ "fn inspect(event: WebEvent) {\n" #~ " se potrivește cu evenimentul {\n" #~ " WebEvent::PageLoad => println!(\"pagina încărcată\"),\n" #~ " WebEvent::KeyPress(c) => println!(\"apăsat '{c}]'\"),\n" #~ " WebEvent::Click { x, y } => println!(\"apăsat la x={x}, " #~ "y={y}\"),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let load = WebEvent::PageLoad;\n" #~ " let press = WebEvent::KeyPress('x');\n" #~ " let click = WebEvent::Click { x: 20, y: 80 };\n" #~ "\n" #~ " inspect(load);\n" #~ " inspect(press);\n" #~ " inspect(click);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The expression is matched against the patterns from top to bottom. There " #~ "is no fall-through like in C or C++." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Expresia este comparată cu modelele de sus în jos. Nu există nicio cădere " #~ "ca în C sau C++." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The match expression has a value. The value is the last expression in the " #~ "match arm which was executed." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Expresia de potrivire are o valoare. Valoarea este ultima expresie din " #~ "brațul de potrivire care a fost executată." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Starting from the top we look for what pattern matches the value then run " #~ "the code following the arrow. Once we find a match, we stop. " #~ msgstr "" #~ "Începând de sus, căutăm ce model se potrivește cu valoarea, apoi executăm " #~ "codul care urmează săgeata. Odată ce găsim o potrivire, ne oprim." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "`match` inspects a hidden discriminant field in the `enum`." #~ msgstr "`match` inspectează un câmp discriminant ascuns în `enum`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "It is possible to retrieve the discriminant by calling `std::mem::" #~ "discriminant()`" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Este posibil să se recupereze discriminantul prin apelarea `std::mem::" #~ "discriminant()`" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "This is useful, for example, if implementing `PartialEq` for structs " #~ "where comparing field values doesn't affect equality." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Acest lucru este util, de exemplu, dacă se implementează `PartialEq` " #~ "pentru structurile în care compararea valorilor câmpurilor nu afectează " #~ "egalitatea." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "`WebEvent::Click { ... }` is not exactly the same as `WebEvent::" #~ "Click(Click)` with a top level `struct Click { ... }`. The inlined " #~ "version cannot implement traits, for example." #~ msgstr "" #~ "`WebEvent::Click { ... }` nu este exact același lucru cu `WebEvent::" #~ "Click(Click)` cu un nivel superior `struct Click { ... }`. De exemplu, " #~ "versiunea simplificată nu poate implementa trăsături." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Rust enums are packed tightly, taking constraints due to alignment into " #~ "account:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Enumerațiile Rust sunt împachetate strâns, luând în considerare " #~ "constrângerile datorate alinierii:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "use std::any::type_name;\n" #~ "use std::mem::{align_of, size_of};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn dbg_size() {\n" #~ " println!(\"{}: size {} bytes, align: {} bytes\",\n" #~ " type_name::(), size_of::(), align_of::());\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "enum Foo {\n" #~ " A,\n" #~ " B,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " dbg_size::();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "use std::any::nume_tip;\n" #~ "use std::mem::{align_of, size_of};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn dbg_size() {\n" #~ " println!(\"{}: size {} bytes, align: {} bytes\",\n" #~ " type_name:::(), size_of::(), align_of::()));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "enum Foo {\n" #~ " A,\n" #~ " B,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " dbg_size:::();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Internally Rust is using a field (discriminant) to keep track of the enum " #~ "variant." #~ msgstr "" #~ "La nivel intern, Rust utilizează un câmp (discriminant) pentru a ține " #~ "evidența variantei enum." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Try out other types such as" #~ msgstr "Încercați și alte tipuri, cum ar fi" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "`dbg_size!(bool)`: size 1 bytes, align: 1 bytes," #~ msgstr "`dbg_size!(bool)`: dimensiune 1 octet, aliniere: 1 octet," #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "`dbg_size!(Option)`: size 1 bytes, align: 1 bytes (niche " #~ "optimization, see below)," #~ msgstr "" #~ "`dbg_size!(Option)`: size 1 bytes, align: 1 bytes (optimizare de " #~ "nișă, a se vedea mai jos)," #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "`dbg_size!(&i32)`: size 8 bytes, align: 8 bytes (on a 64-bit machine)," #~ msgstr "" #~ "`dbg_size!(&i32)`: dimensiune 8 octeți, aliniere: 8 octeți (pe o mașină " #~ "pe 64 de biți)," #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "`dbg_size!(Option<&i32>)`: size 8 bytes, align: 8 bytes (null pointer " #~ "optimization, see below)." #~ msgstr "" #~ "`dbg_size!(Option<&i32>)`: dimensiune 8 octeți, aliniere: 8 octeți " #~ "(optimizare pointer nul, a se vedea mai jos)." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Niche optimization: Rust will merge unused bit patterns for the enum " #~ "discriminant." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Optimizarea nișei: Rust va unifica modelele de biți neutilizate pentru " #~ "discriminantul enum." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "More complex example if you want to discuss what happens when we chain " #~ "more than 256 `Option`s together." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Exemplu mai complex dacă doriți să discutați ce se întâmplă atunci când " #~ "înlănțuim mai mult de 256 de `Opțiuni`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let arg = std::env::args().next();\n" #~ " if let Some(value) = arg {\n" #~ " println!(\"Program name: {value}\");\n" #~ " } else {\n" #~ " println!(\"Missing name?\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let arg = std::env::args().next();\n" #~ " if let Some(value) = arg {\n" #~ " println!(\"Numele programului: {value}\");\n" #~ " } else {\n" #~ " println!(\"Nume lipsă?\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Since 1.65, a similar [let-else](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-" #~ "example/flow_control/let_else.html) construct allows to do a " #~ "destructuring assignment, or if it fails, execute a block which is " #~ "required to abort normal control flow (with `panic`/`return`/`break`/" #~ "`continue`):" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Începând cu versiunea 1.65, o construcție similară [let-else](https://doc." #~ "rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/flow_control/let_else.html) permite " #~ "efectuarea unei atribuiri destructurante sau, dacă aceasta eșuează, " #~ "executarea unui bloc care este necesar pentru a întrerupe fluxul normal " #~ "de control (cu `panic`/`return`/`break`/`continue`):" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The [`match` keyword](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/" #~ "match-expr.html) is used to match a value against one or more patterns. " #~ "In that sense, it works like a series of `if let` expressions:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Cuvântul cheie [`match`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/" #~ "match-expr.html) este utilizat pentru a compara o valoare cu unul sau mai " #~ "multe modele. În acest sens, funcționează ca o serie de expresii `if let`:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " match std::env::args().next().as_deref() {\n" #~ " Some(\"cat\") => println!(\"Will do cat things\"),\n" #~ " Some(\"ls\") => println!(\"Will ls some files\"),\n" #~ " Some(\"mv\") => println!(\"Let's move some files\"),\n" #~ " Some(\"rm\") => println!(\"Uh, dangerous!\"),\n" #~ " None => println!(\"Hmm, no program name?\"),\n" #~ " _ => println!(\"Unknown program name!\"),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " match std::env::args().next().as_deref() {\n" #~ " Some(\"cat\") => println!(\"Va face lucruri de pisică\"),\n" #~ " Some(\"ls\") => println!(\"Va face ls unor fișiere\"),\n" #~ " Some(\"mv\") => println!(\"Va muta niște fișiere\"),\n" #~ " Some(\"rm\") => println!(\"Uh, periculos!\"),\n" #~ " None => println!(\"Hmm, niciun nume de program?\"),\n" #~ " _ => println!(\"Nume de program necunoscut!\"),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Save the match expression to a variable and print it out." #~ msgstr "Salvați expresia de potrivire într-o variabilă și imprimați-o." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Remove `.as_deref()` and explain the error." #~ msgstr "Eliminați `.as_deref()` și explicați eroarea." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "`std::env::args().next()` returns an `Option`, but we cannot " #~ "match against `String`." #~ msgstr "" #~ "`std::env::args().next()` returnează o `Opțiune`, dar nu putem " #~ "compara cu `String`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "`as_deref()` transforms an `Option` to `Option<&T::Target>`. In our " #~ "case, this turns `Option` into `Option<&str>`." #~ msgstr "" #~ "`as_deref()` transformă o `Opțiune` în `Opțiune<&T::Target>`. În cazul " #~ "nostru, aceasta transformă `Opțiunea` în `Opțiunea<&str>`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "We can now use pattern matching to match against the `&str` inside " #~ "`Option`." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Acum putem folosi potrivirea de tipare pentru a ne potrivi cu `&str` din " #~ "`Option`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let input = 'x';\n" #~ "\n" #~ " match input {\n" #~ " 'q' => println!(\"Quitting\"),\n" #~ " 'a' | 's' | 'w' | 'd' => println!(\"Moving around\"),\n" #~ " '0'..='9' => println!(\"Number input\"),\n" #~ " _ => println!(\"Something else\"),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let input = 'x';\n" #~ "\n" #~ " match input {\n" #~ " 'q' => println!(\"Renunțare\"),\n" #~ " 'a' | 's' | 's' | 'w' | 'd' => println!(\"Moving around\"),\n" #~ " '0'..='9' => println!(\"Number input\"),\n" #~ " _ => println!(\"Altceva\"),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "The `_` pattern is a wildcard pattern which matches any value." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Modelul `_` este un model wildcard care se potrivește cu orice valoare." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "It can be useful to show how binding works, by for instance replacing a " #~ "wildcard character with a variable, or removing the quotes around `q`." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Poate fi util să se arate cum funcționează legarea, de exemplu, prin " #~ "înlocuirea unui caracter wildcard cu o variabilă sau prin eliminarea " #~ "ghilimelelor din jurul lui `q`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "You can demonstrate matching on a reference." #~ msgstr "Puteți demonstra potrivirea pe o referință." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "This might be a good time to bring up the concept of irrefutable " #~ "patterns, as the term can show up in error messages." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Acesta ar putea fi un moment bun pentru a aduce în discuție conceptul de " #~ "modele irefutabile, deoarece acest termen poate apărea în mesajele de " #~ "eroare." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "enum Result {\n" #~ " Ok(i32),\n" #~ " Err(String),\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn divide_in_two(n: i32) -> Result {\n" #~ " if n % 2 == 0 {\n" #~ " Result::Ok(n / 2)\n" #~ " } else {\n" #~ " Result::Err(format!(\"cannot divide {n} into two equal parts\"))\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let n = 100;\n" #~ " match divide_in_two(n) {\n" #~ " Result::Ok(half) => println!(\"{n} divided in two is {half}\"),\n" #~ " Result::Err(msg) => println!(\"sorry, an error happened: " #~ "{msg}\"),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "enum Result {\n" #~ " Ok(i32),\n" #~ " Err(String),\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn divide_in_two(n: i32) -> Result {\n" #~ " if n % 2 == 0 {\n" #~ " Result::Ok(n / 2)\n" #~ " } else {\n" #~ " Result::Err(format!(\"nu se poate împărți {n} în două părți " #~ "egale\"))\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let n = 100;\n" #~ " match divide_in_two(n) {\n" #~ " Result::Ok(half) => println!(\"{n} împărțit la doi este " #~ "{half}\"),\n" #~ " Result::Err(msg) => println!(\"scuze, s-a produs o eroare: " #~ "{msg}\"),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "You can also destructure `structs`:" #~ msgstr "Puteți, de asemenea, să destructurați `structuri`:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "struct Foo {\n" #~ " x: (u32, u32),\n" #~ " y: u32,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[rustfmt::skip]\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let foo = Foo { x: (1, 2), y: 3 };\n" #~ " match foo {\n" #~ " Foo { x: (1, b), y } => println!(\"x.0 = 1, b = {b}, y = {y}\"),\n" #~ " Foo { y: 2, x: i } => println!(\"y = 2, x = {i:?}\"),\n" #~ " Foo { y, .. } => println!(\"y = {y}, other fields were " #~ "ignored\"),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "struct Foo {\n" #~ " x: (u32, u32),\n" #~ " y: u32,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[rustfmt::skip]\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let foo = Foo { x: (1, 2), y: 3 };\n" #~ " match foo {\n" #~ " Foo { x: (1, b), y } => println!(\"x.0 = 1, b = {b}, y = {y}\"),\n" #~ " Foo { y: 2, x: i } => println!(\"y = 2, x = {i:?}\"),\n" #~ " Foo { y, ... } => println!(\"y = {y}, celelalte câmpuri au " #~ "fost ignorate\"),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "#[rustfmt::skip]\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let triple = [0, -2, 3];\n" #~ " println!(\"Tell me about {triple:?}\");\n" #~ " match triple {\n" #~ " [0, y, z] => println!(\"First is 0, y = {y}, and z = {z}\"),\n" #~ " [1, ..] => println!(\"First is 1 and the rest were ignored\"),\n" #~ " _ => println!(\"All elements were ignored\"),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "#[rustfmt::skip]\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let triple = [0, -2, 3];\n" #~ " println!(\"Spune-mi despre {triple:?}\");\n" #~ " match triple {\n" #~ " [0, y, z] => println!(\"Primul este 0, y = {y}, iar z = {z}\"),\n" #~ " [1, ...] => println!(\"Primul este 1, iar restul au fost " #~ "ignorate\"),\n" #~ " _ => println!(\"Toate elementele au fost ignorate\"),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Destructuring of slices of unknown length also works with patterns of " #~ "fixed length." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Destructurarea feliilor de lungime necunoscută funcționează, de asemenea, " #~ "cu modele de lungime fixă." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " inspect(&[0, -2, 3]);\n" #~ " inspect(&[0, -2, 3, 4]);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[rustfmt::skip]\n" #~ "fn inspect(slice: &[i32]) {\n" #~ " println!(\"Tell me about {slice:?}\");\n" #~ " match slice {\n" #~ " &[0, y, z] => println!(\"First is 0, y = {y}, and z = {z}\"),\n" #~ " &[1, ..] => println!(\"First is 1 and the rest were " #~ "ignored\"),\n" #~ " _ => println!(\"All elements were ignored\"),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " inspect(&[0, -2, 3]);\n" #~ " inspect(&[0, -2, 3, 4]);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[rustfmt::skip]\n" #~ "fn inspect(slice: &[i32]) {\n" #~ " println!(\"Spune-mi despre {slice:?}\");\n" #~ " se potrivește cu slice {\n" #~ " &[0, y, z] => println!(\"Primul este 0, y = {y}, și z = {z}\"),\n" #~ " &[1, ..] => println!(\"Primul este 1, iar restul au fost " #~ "ignorate\"),\n" #~ " _ => println!(\"Toate elementele au fost ignorate\"),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "When matching, you can add a _guard_ to a pattern. This is an arbitrary " #~ "Boolean expression which will be executed if the pattern matches:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "La potrivire, puteți adăuga un _guard_ la un model. Aceasta este o " #~ "expresie booleană arbitrară care va fi executată în cazul în care modelul " #~ "se potrivește:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "#[rustfmt::skip]\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let pair = (2, -2);\n" #~ " println!(\"Tell me about {pair:?}\");\n" #~ " match pair {\n" #~ " (x, y) if x == y => println!(\"These are twins\"),\n" #~ " (x, y) if x + y == 0 => println!(\"Antimatter, kaboom!\"),\n" #~ " (x, _) if x % 2 == 1 => println!(\"The first one is odd\"),\n" #~ " _ => println!(\"No correlation...\"),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "#[rustfmt::skip]\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let pair = (2, -2);\n" #~ " println!(\"Spune-mi despre {pair:?}\");\n" #~ " match pair {\n" #~ " (x, y) if x == y => println!(\"Aceștia sunt gemeni\"),\n" #~ " (x, y) if x + y == 0 => println!(\"Antimaterie, kaboom!\"),\n" #~ " (x, _) dacă x % 2 == 1 => println!(\"Primul este impar\"),\n" #~ " _ => println!(\"Nici o corelație...\"),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "You can use the variables defined in the pattern in your if expression." #~ msgstr "Puteți utiliza variabilele definite în model în expresia if." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Day 1: Afternoon Exercises" #~ msgstr "Ziua 1: Exerciții după-amiaza" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "We will look at two things:" #~ msgstr "Ne vom uita la două lucruri:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "The Luhn algorithm," #~ msgstr "Algoritmul Luhn," #, fuzzy #~ msgid "An exercise on pattern matching." #~ msgstr "Un exercițiu de potrivire a modelelor." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Copy the code below to and implement the " #~ "function." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Copiați codul de mai jos în și implementați " #~ "funcția." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Try to solve the problem the \"simple\" way first, using `for` loops and " #~ "integers. Then, revisit the solution and try to implement it with " #~ "iterators." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Încercați să rezolvați mai întâi problema în mod \"simplu\", folosind " #~ "buclele `for` și numere întregi. Apoi, revedeți soluția și încercați să o " #~ "implementați cu iteratori." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "// TODO: remove this when you're done with your implementation.\n" #~ "#![allow(unused_variables, dead_code)]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub fn luhn(cc_number: &str) -> bool {\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_non_digit_cc_number() {\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\"foo\"));\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\"foo 0 0\"));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_empty_cc_number() {\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\"\"));\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\" \"));\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\" \"));\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\" \"));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_single_digit_cc_number() {\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\"0\"));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_two_digit_cc_number() {\n" #~ " assert!(luhn(\" 0 0 \"));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_valid_cc_number() {\n" #~ " assert!(luhn(\"4263 9826 4026 9299\"));\n" #~ " assert!(luhn(\"4539 3195 0343 6467\"));\n" #~ " assert!(luhn(\"7992 7398 713\"));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_invalid_cc_number() {\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\"4223 9826 4026 9299\"));\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\"4539 3195 0343 6476\"));\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\"8273 1232 7352 0569\"));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[allow(dead_code)]\n" #~ "fn main() {}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "// TODO: eliminați acest lucru atunci când ați terminat cu " #~ "implementarea.\n" #~ "#![allow(unused_variables, dead_code)]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub fn luhn(cc_number: &str) -> bool {\n" #~ " neimplementat!()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_non_digit_cc_number() {\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\"foo\")));\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\"foo 0 0\"));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_vid_număr_cc_vid() {\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\"\")));\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\" \")));\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\" \")));\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\" \")));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_single_digit_cc_number() {\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\"0\"));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_two_digit_cc_number() {\n" #~ " assert!(luhn(\" 0 0 0 \"));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_valid_cc_number() {\n" #~ " assert!(luhn(\"4263 9826 4026 9299\")));\n" #~ " assert!(luhn(\"4539 3195 0343 6467\")));\n" #~ " assert!(luhn(\"7992 7398 713\")));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_invalid_cc_number() {\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\"4223 9826 4026 9299\")));\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\"4539 3195 0343 6476\")));\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\"8273 1232 7352 0569\")));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[allow(dead_code)]\n" #~ "fn main() {}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "/// An operation to perform on two subexpressions.\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "enum Operation {\n" #~ " Add,\n" #~ " Sub,\n" #~ " Mul,\n" #~ " Div,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// An expression, in tree form.\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "enum Expression {\n" #~ " /// An operation on two subexpressions.\n" #~ " Op {\n" #~ " op: Operation,\n" #~ " left: Box,\n" #~ " right: Box,\n" #~ " },\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// A literal value\n" #~ " Value(i64),\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// The result of evaluating an expression.\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]\n" #~ "enum Res {\n" #~ " /// Evaluation was successful, with the given result.\n" #~ " Ok(i64),\n" #~ " /// Evaluation failed, with the given error message.\n" #~ " Err(String),\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "// Allow `Ok` and `Err` as shorthands for `Res::Ok` and `Res::Err`.\n" #~ "use Res::{Err, Ok};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn eval(e: Expression) -> Res {\n" #~ " todo!()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_value() {\n" #~ " assert_eq!(eval(Expression::Value(19)), Ok(19));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_sum() {\n" #~ " assert_eq!(\n" #~ " eval(Expression::Op {\n" #~ " op: Operation::Add,\n" #~ " left: Box::new(Expression::Value(10)),\n" #~ " right: Box::new(Expression::Value(20)),\n" #~ " }),\n" #~ " Ok(30)\n" #~ " );\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_recursion() {\n" #~ " let term1 = Expression::Op {\n" #~ " op: Operation::Mul,\n" #~ " left: Box::new(Expression::Value(10)),\n" #~ " right: Box::new(Expression::Value(9)),\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " let term2 = Expression::Op {\n" #~ " op: Operation::Mul,\n" #~ " left: Box::new(Expression::Op {\n" #~ " op: Operation::Sub,\n" #~ " left: Box::new(Expression::Value(3)),\n" #~ " right: Box::new(Expression::Value(4)),\n" #~ " }),\n" #~ " right: Box::new(Expression::Value(5)),\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " assert_eq!(\n" #~ " eval(Expression::Op {\n" #~ " op: Operation::Add,\n" #~ " left: Box::new(term1),\n" #~ " right: Box::new(term2),\n" #~ " }),\n" #~ " Ok(85)\n" #~ " );\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_error() {\n" #~ " assert_eq!(\n" #~ " eval(Expression::Op {\n" #~ " op: Operation::Div,\n" #~ " left: Box::new(Expression::Value(99)),\n" #~ " right: Box::new(Expression::Value(0)),\n" #~ " }),\n" #~ " Err(String::from(\"division by zero\"))\n" #~ " );\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "/// O operație care trebuie efectuată asupra a două subexpresii.\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "enum Operation {\n" #~ " Add,\n" #~ " Sub,\n" #~ " Mul,\n" #~ " Div,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// O expresie, în formă de arbore.\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "enum Expression {\n" #~ " /// O operație asupra a două subexpresii.\n" #~ " Op {\n" #~ " op: Operație,\n" #~ " left: Box,\n" #~ " dreapta: Caseta,\n" #~ " },\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// O valoare literală\n" #~ " Valoare(i64),\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Rezultatul evaluării unei expresii.\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]\n" #~ "enum Res {\n" #~ " /// Evaluarea a avut succes, cu rezultatul dat.\n" #~ " Ok(i64),\n" #~ " /// Evaluarea a eșuat, cu mesajul de eroare dat.\n" #~ " Err(String),\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "// Permiteți `Ok` și `Err` ca prescurtări pentru `Res::Ok` și `Res::" #~ "Err`.\n" #~ "use Res::{Err, Ok};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn eval(e: Expression) -> Res {\n" #~ " todo!()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_value() {\n" #~ " assert_eq!(eval(Expression::Value(19)), Ok(19));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_sum() {\n" #~ " assert_eq!(\n" #~ " eval(Expression::Op {\n" #~ " op: Operation::Add,\n" #~ " left: Box::new(Expression::Value(10)),\n" #~ " right: Box::new(Expression::Value(20)),\n" #~ " }),\n" #~ " Ok(30)\n" #~ " );\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_recursiune_test() {\n" #~ " let term1 = Expression::Op {\n" #~ " op: Operation::Mul,\n" #~ " left: Box::new(Expression::Value(10)),\n" #~ " right: Box::new(Expression::Value(9)),\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " let term2 = Expression::Op {\n" #~ " op: Operation::Mul,\n" #~ " left: Box::new(Expression::Op {\n" #~ " op: Operation::Sub,\n" #~ " left: Box::new(Expression::Value(3)),\n" #~ " right: Box::new(Expresie::Valoare(4)),\n" #~ " }),\n" #~ " dreapta: Box::new(Expression::Value(5)),\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " assert_eq!(\n" #~ " eval(Expression::Op {\n" #~ " op: Operation::Add,\n" #~ " left: Box::new(term1),\n" #~ " right: Box::new(term2),\n" #~ " }),\n" #~ " Ok(85)\n" #~ " );\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_error() {\n" #~ " assert_eq!(\n" #~ " eval(Expression::Op {\n" #~ " op: Operation::Div,\n" #~ " left: Box::new(Expression::Value(99)),\n" #~ " right: Box::new(Expresie::Valoare(0)),\n" #~ " }),\n" #~ " Err(String::from(\"împărțire la zero\"))\n" #~ " );\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Memory management: stack vs heap, manual memory management, scope-based " #~ "memory management, and garbage collection." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Gestionarea memoriei: stivă vs. heap, gestionarea manuală a memoriei, " #~ "gestionarea memoriei pe baza domeniului de aplicare și colectarea " #~ "gunoiului." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Ownership: move semantics, copying and cloning, borrowing, and lifetimes." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Proprietatea: semantica mutării, copierea și clonarea, împrumutul și " #~ "durata de viață." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Structs and methods." #~ msgstr "Structuri și metode." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The Standard Library: `String`, `Option` and `Result`, `Vec`, `HashMap`, " #~ "`Rc` and `Arc`." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Biblioteca standard: `String`, `Option` și `Result`, `Vec`, `HashMap`, " #~ "`Rc` și `Arc`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Modules: visibility, paths, and filesystem hierarchy." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Module: vizibilitate, căi de acces și ierarhia sistemului de fișiere." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "First, let's refresh how memory management works." #~ msgstr "" #~ "În primul rând, să reîmprospătăm modul în care funcționează gestionarea " #~ "memoriei." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "The Stack vs The Heap" #~ msgstr "Stiva vs grămada" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Stack and Heap Example" #~ msgstr "Exemplu de stivă și heap" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let s1 = String::from(\"Hello\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let s1 = String::from(\"Hello\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut s1 = String::from(\"Hello\");\n" #~ " s1.push(' ');\n" #~ " s1.push_str(\"world\");\n" #~ " // DON'T DO THIS AT HOME! For educational purposes only.\n" #~ " // String provides no guarantees about its layout, so this could lead " #~ "to\n" #~ " // undefined behavior.\n" #~ " unsafe {\n" #~ " let (ptr, capacity, len): (usize, usize, usize) = std::mem::" #~ "transmute(s1);\n" #~ " println!(\"ptr = {ptr:#x}, len = {len}, capacity = " #~ "{capacity}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut s1 = String::from(\"Hello\");\n" #~ " s1.push(' ');\n" #~ " s1.push_str(\"lume\");\n" #~ " // NU FACEȚI ASTA ACASĂ! Doar în scopuri educaționale.\n" #~ " // String nu oferă nicio garanție cu privire la aspectul său, astfel " #~ "încât acest lucru ar putea duce la\n" #~ " // un comportament nedefinit.\n" #~ " unsafe {\n" #~ " let (ptr, capacity, len): (usize, usize, usize, usize) = std::" #~ "mem::transmute(s1);\n" #~ " println!(\"ptr = {ptr:#x}, len = {len}, capacity = " #~ "{capacity}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "You allocate and deallocate heap memory yourself." #~ msgstr "Alocați și dezalocați singur memoria heap." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "If not done with care, this can lead to crashes, bugs, security " #~ "vulnerabilities, and memory leaks." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Dacă nu se face cu atenție, acest lucru poate duce la blocări, erori, " #~ "vulnerabilități de securitate și pierderi de memorie." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "C Example" #~ msgstr "C Exemplu" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "You must call `free` on every pointer you allocate with `malloc`:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Trebuie să apelați `free` pentru fiecare pointer pe care îl alocați cu " #~ "`malloc`:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```c\n" #~ "void foo(size_t n) {\n" #~ " int* int_array = malloc(n * sizeof(int));\n" #~ " //\n" #~ " // ... lots of code\n" #~ " //\n" #~ " free(int_array);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```c\n" #~ "void foo(size_t n) {\n" #~ " int* int_array = malloc(n * sizeof(int));\n" #~ " //\n" #~ " // ... o mulțime de cod\n" #~ " //\n" #~ " free(int_array);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Memory is leaked if the function returns early between `malloc` and " #~ "`free`: the pointer is lost and we cannot deallocate the memory. Worse, " #~ "freeing the pointer twice, or accessing a freed pointer can lead to " #~ "exploitable security vulnerabilities." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Memoria este pierdută dacă funcția se întoarce mai devreme între `malloc` " #~ "și `free`: pointerul este pierdut și nu putem dezaloca memoria. Mai rău, " #~ "eliberarea de două ori a pointerului sau accesarea unui pointer eliberat " #~ "poate duce la vulnerabilități de securitate exploatabile." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Constructors and destructors let you hook into the lifetime of an object." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Constructori și destructori vă permit să vă conectați la durata de viață " #~ "a unui obiect." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "By wrapping a pointer in an object, you can free memory when the object " #~ "is destroyed. The compiler guarantees that this happens, even if an " #~ "exception is raised." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Prin includerea unui pointer într-un obiect, puteți elibera memoria " #~ "atunci când obiectul este distrus. Compilatorul garantează că acest lucru " #~ "se va întâmpla, chiar dacă este ridicată o excepție." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "This is often called _resource acquisition is initialization_ (RAII) and " #~ "gives you smart pointers." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Acest lucru se numește adesea _achiziționarea resurselor este " #~ "inițializare_ (RAII) și vă oferă pointeri inteligenți." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "C++ Example" #~ msgstr "Exemplu C++" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```c++\n" #~ "void say_hello(std::unique_ptr person) {\n" #~ " std::cout << \"Hello \" << person->name << std::endl;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```c++\n" #~ "void say_hello(std::unique_ptr person) {\n" #~ " std::cout << \"Bună ziua \" << person->nume << std::" #~ "endl;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The `std::unique_ptr` object is allocated on the stack, and points to " #~ "memory allocated on the heap." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Obiectul `std::unique_ptr` este alocat pe stivă și indică memoria alocată " #~ "pe heap." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "At the end of `say_hello`, the `std::unique_ptr` destructor will run." #~ msgstr "" #~ "La sfârșitul lui `say_hello`, se va executa destructorul `std::" #~ "unique_ptr`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "The destructor frees the `Person` object it points to." #~ msgstr "Distrugătorul eliberează obiectul `Person` pe care îl indică." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Special move constructors are used when passing ownership to a function:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Constructorii de mișcare specială sunt utilizați atunci când se transmite " #~ "proprietatea unei funcții:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "An alternative to manual and scope-based memory management is automatic " #~ "memory management:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "O alternativă la gestionarea manuală a memoriei și la cea bazată pe " #~ "domeniul de aplicare este gestionarea automată a memoriei:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "The programmer never allocates or deallocates memory explicitly." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Programatorul nu alocă și nu dezalocă niciodată memoria în mod explicit." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "A garbage collector finds unused memory and deallocates it for the " #~ "programmer." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Un colector de gunoi găsește memoria neutilizată și o dezalocă pentru " #~ "programator." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Java Example" #~ msgstr "Exemplu Java" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "The `person` object is not deallocated after `sayHello` returns:" #~ msgstr "Obiectul `person` nu este dezalocat după ce `sayHello` se întoarce:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```java\n" #~ "void sayHello(Person person) {\n" #~ " System.out.println(\"Hello \" + person.getName());\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```java\n" #~ "void sayHello(Person person person) {\n" #~ " System.out.println(\"Hello \" + person.getName());\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Memory Management in Rust" #~ msgstr "Gestionarea memoriei în Rust" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Memory management in Rust is a mix:" #~ msgstr "Gestionarea memoriei în Rust este un amestec:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Safe and correct like Java, but without a garbage collector." #~ msgstr "Sigur și corect ca Java, dar fără un colector de gunoi." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Scope-based like C++, but the compiler enforces full adherence." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Bazat pe domeniul de aplicare, ca și în cazul C++, dar compilatorul " #~ "impune o aderență totală." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "A Rust user can choose the right abstraction for the situation, some even " #~ "have no cost at runtime like C." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Un utilizator Rust poate alege abstractizarea potrivită pentru situația " #~ "respectivă, unele chiar nu au niciun cost la execuție, precum C." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Rust achieves this by modeling _ownership_ explicitly." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Rust realizează acest lucru prin modelarea explicită a _proprietății_." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "If asked how at this point, you can mention that in Rust this is usually " #~ "handled by RAII wrapper types such as [Box](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/" #~ "boxed/struct.Box.html), [Vec](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct." #~ "Vec.html), [Rc](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/rc/struct.Rc.html), or [Arc]" #~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html). These encapsulate " #~ "ownership and memory allocation via various means, and prevent the " #~ "potential errors in C." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Dacă sunteți întrebat cum în acest moment, puteți menționa că în Rust " #~ "acest lucru este de obicei gestionat de tipurile de înveliș RAII, cum ar " #~ "fi [Box](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/boxed/struct.Box.html), [Vec]" #~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec.html), [Rc](https://doc." #~ "rust-lang.org/std/rc/struct.Rc.html) sau [Arc](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" #~ "std/sync/struct.Arc.html). Acestea încapsulează proprietatea și alocarea " #~ "memoriei prin diverse mijloace și previn potențialele erori din C." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "You may be asked about destructors here, the [Drop](https://doc.rust-lang." #~ "org/std/ops/trait.Drop.html) trait is the Rust equivalent." #~ msgstr "" #~ "S-ar putea să fiți întrebat despre destructori aici, trăsătura [Drop]" #~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Drop.html) este echivalentul " #~ "Rust." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "A destructor can run here to free up resources." #~ msgstr "Un destructor poate fi executat aici pentru a elibera resurse." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let s1: String = String::from(\"Hello!\");\n" #~ " let s2: String = s1;\n" #~ " println!(\"s2: {s2}\");\n" #~ " // println!(\"s1: {s1}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let s1: String = String::from(\"Hello!\");\n" #~ " let s2: String = s1;\n" #~ " println!(\"s2: {s2}\");\n" #~ " // println!(\"s1: {s1}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "There is always _exactly_ one variable binding which owns a value." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Există întotdeauna _exact_ o singură legătură de variabilă care deține o " #~ "valoare." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "The heap data from `s1` is reused for `s2`." #~ msgstr "Datele heap din `s1` sunt reutilizate pentru `s2`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "When `s1` goes out of scope, nothing happens (it has been moved from)." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Când `s1` iese din domeniul de aplicare, nu se întâmplă nimic (a fost " #~ "mutat din)." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```c++\n" #~ "std::string s1 = \"Cpp\";\n" #~ "std::string s2 = s1; // Duplicate the data in s1.\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```c++\n" #~ "std::string s1 = \"Cpp\";\n" #~ "std::string s2 = s1; // Duplică datele din s1.\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn say_hello(name: String) {\n" #~ " println!(\"Hello {name}\")\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let name = String::from(\"Alice\");\n" #~ " say_hello(name);\n" #~ " // say_hello(name);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "fn say_hello(name: String) {\n" #~ " println!(\"Bună ziua {name}\")\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let name = String::from(\"Alice\");\n" #~ " say_hello(name);\n" #~ " // say_hello(name);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "If students ask about `derive`, it is sufficient to say that this is a " #~ "way to generate code in Rust at compile time. In this case the default " #~ "implementations of `Copy` and `Clone` traits are generated." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Dacă elevii întreabă despre `derive`, este suficient să spunem că este o " #~ "modalitate de a genera cod în Rust la compilare. În acest caz sunt " #~ "generate implementările implicite ale trăsăturilor `Copy` și `Clone`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "A borrowed value has a _lifetime_:" #~ msgstr "O valoare împrumutată are o _durată de viață_:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The lifetime can be implicit: `add(p1: &Point, p2: &Point) -> Point`." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Durata de viață poate fi implicită: `add(p1: &Point, p2: &Point) -> " #~ "Point`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Lifetimes can also be explicit: `&'a Point`, `&'document str`." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Duratele de viață pot fi, de asemenea, explicite: `&'a Point`, " #~ "`&'document str`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Read `&'a Point` as \"a borrowed `Point` which is valid for at least the " #~ "lifetime `a`\"." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Citiți `&'a Point` ca fiind \"un `Point` împrumutat care este valabil cel " #~ "puțin pentru durata de viață `a`\"." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Lifetimes are always inferred by the compiler: you cannot assign a " #~ "lifetime yourself." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Duratele de viață sunt întotdeauna deduse de compilator: nu puteți " #~ "atribui o durată de viață dumneavoastră." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "In addition to borrowing its arguments, a function can return a borrowed " #~ "value:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Pe lângă împrumutul argumentelor sale, o funcție poate returna o valoare " #~ "împrumutată:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "`'a` is a generic parameter, it is inferred by the compiler." #~ msgstr "`'a` este un parametru generic, acesta este dedus de compilator." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Lifetimes start with `'` and `'a` is a typical default name." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Durata de viață începe cu `'`, iar `'a` este un nume implicit tipic." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The _at least_ part is important when parameters are in different scopes." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Partea \"cel puțin\" este importantă atunci când parametrii se află în " #~ "domenii de aplicare diferite." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Move the declaration of `p2` and `p3` into a new scope (`{ ... }`), " #~ "resulting in the following code:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Mutați declarațiile lui `p2` și `p3` într-un nou domeniu (`{ ... }`), " #~ "rezultând următorul cod:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Note how this does not compile since `p3` outlives `p2`." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Observați cum acest lucru nu se compilează deoarece `p3` este mai mare " #~ "decât `p2`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Reset the workspace and change the function signature to `fn " #~ "left_most<'a, 'b>(p1: &'a Point, p2: &'a Point) -> &'b Point`. This will " #~ "not compile because the relationship between the lifetimes `'a` and `'b` " #~ "is unclear." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Resetați spațiul de lucru și modificați semnătura funcției în `fn " #~ "left_most<'a, 'b>(p1: &'a Point, p2: &'a Point) -> &'b Point`. Acest " #~ "lucru nu se va compila deoarece relația dintre duratele de viață `'a` și " #~ "`'b` nu este clară." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Another way to explain it:" #~ msgstr "Un alt mod de a explica acest lucru:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Two references to two values are borrowed by a function and the function " #~ "returns another reference." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Două referințe la două valori sunt împrumutate de o funcție, iar funcția " #~ "returnează o altă referință." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "It must have come from one of those two inputs (or from a global " #~ "variable)." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Trebuie să fi provenit de la una dintre aceste două intrări (sau de la o " #~ "variabilă globală)." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Which one is it? The compiler needs to know, so at the call site the " #~ "returned reference is not used for longer than a variable from where the " #~ "reference came from." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Care dintre ele este? Compilatorul trebuie să știe, astfel încât, la " #~ "locul de apel, referința returnată să nu fie utilizată mai mult timp " #~ "decât o variabilă din care provine referința." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Highlight<'doc>(&'doc str);\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn erase(text: String) {\n" #~ " println!(\"Bye {text}!\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let text = String::from(\"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog." #~ "\");\n" #~ " let fox = Highlight(&text[4..19]);\n" #~ " let dog = Highlight(&text[35..43]);\n" #~ " // erase(text);\n" #~ " println!(\"{fox:?}\");\n" #~ " println!(\"{dog:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Highlight<'doc>(&'doc str);\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn erase(text: String) {\n" #~ " println!(\"La revedere {text}!\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let text = String::from(\"Vulpea cea iute și brună sare peste câinele " #~ "leneș.\");\n" #~ " let fox = Highlight(&text[4..19]);\n" #~ " let dog = Highlight(&text[35..43]);\n" #~ " // erase(text);\n" #~ " println!(\"{fox:?}\");\n" #~ " println!(\"{dog:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "struct Person {\n" #~ " name: String,\n" #~ " age: u8,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut peter = Person {\n" #~ " name: String::from(\"Peter\"),\n" #~ " age: 27,\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " println!(\"{} is {} years old\", peter.name, peter.age);\n" #~ " \n" #~ " peter.age = 28;\n" #~ " println!(\"{} is {} years old\", peter.name, peter.age);\n" #~ " \n" #~ " let jackie = Person {\n" #~ " name: String::from(\"Jackie\"),\n" #~ " ..peter\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " println!(\"{} is {} years old\", jackie.name, jackie.age);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "struct Person {\n" #~ " name: String,\n" #~ " age: u8,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut peter = Person {\n" #~ " name: String::from(\"Peter\"),\n" #~ " vârstă: 27,\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " println!(\"{} are {} ani\", peter.name, peter.age);\n" #~ " \n" #~ " peter.age = 28;\n" #~ " println!(\"{} are {} ani\", peter.name, peter.age);\n" #~ " \n" #~ " let jackie = Person {\n" #~ " name: String::from(\"Jackie\"),\n" #~ " ..peter\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " println!(\"{} are {} ani\", jackie.name, jackie.age);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Methods are defined in an `impl` block, which we will see in following " #~ "slides." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Metodele sunt definite într-un bloc `impl`, pe care îl vom vedea în slide-" #~ "urile următoare." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "struct Point(i32, i32);\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let p = Point(17, 23);\n" #~ " println!(\"({}, {})\", p.0, p.1);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "struct Point(i32, i32);\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let p = Point(17, 23);\n" #~ " println!\"(\"({}, {})\", p.0, p.1);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "struct PoundsOfForce(f64);\n" #~ "struct Newtons(f64);\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn compute_thruster_force() -> PoundsOfForce {\n" #~ " todo!(\"Ask a rocket scientist at NASA\")\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn set_thruster_force(force: Newtons) {\n" #~ " // ...\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let force = compute_thruster_force();\n" #~ " set_thruster_force(force);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "struct PoundsOfForce(f64);\n" #~ "struct Newtons(f64);\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn compute_thruster_force() -> PoundsOfForce {\n" #~ " todo!(\"Întrebați un specialist în rachete de la NASA\")\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn set_thruster_force(force: Newtons) {\n" #~ " // ...\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let force = compute_thruster_force();\n" #~ " set_thruster_force(force);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Person {\n" #~ " name: String,\n" #~ " age: u8,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Person {\n" #~ " fn new(name: String, age: u8) -> Person {\n" #~ " Person { name, age }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let peter = Person::new(String::from(\"Peter\"), 27);\n" #~ " println!(\"{peter:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Person {\n" #~ " name: String,\n" #~ " age: u8,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Person {\n" #~ " fn new(name: String, age: u8) -> Person {\n" #~ " Persoană { nume, vârstă }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let peter = Person::new(String::from(\"Peter\"), 27);\n" #~ " println!(\"{peter:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The `new` function could be written using `Self` as a type, as it is " #~ "interchangeable with the struct type name" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Funcția `new` ar putea fi scrisă folosind `Self` ca tip, deoarece este " #~ "interschimbabilă cu numele de tip struct" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Implement the `Default` trait for the struct. Define some fields and use " #~ "the default values for the other fields." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Implementează trăsătura `Default` pentru structura. Definiți unele " #~ "câmpuri și utilizați valorile implicite pentru celelalte câmpuri." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Person {\n" #~ " name: String,\n" #~ " age: u8,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "impl Default for Person {\n" #~ " fn default() -> Person {\n" #~ " Person {\n" #~ " name: \"Bot\".to_string(),\n" #~ " age: 0,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "fn create_default() {\n" #~ " let tmp = Person {\n" #~ " ..Person::default()\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " let tmp = Person {\n" #~ " name: \"Sam\".to_string(),\n" #~ " ..Person::default()\n" #~ " };\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Person {\n" #~ " name: String,\n" #~ " age: u8,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "impl Default for Person {\n" #~ " fn default() -> Person {\n" #~ " Persoană {\n" #~ " name: \"Bot\".to_string(),\n" #~ " age: 0,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "fn create_default() {\n" #~ " let tmp = Person {\n" #~ " ..Person::default()\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " let tmp = Person {\n" #~ " name: \"Sam\".to_string(),\n" #~ " ..Person::default()\n" #~ " };\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Methods are defined in the `impl` block." #~ msgstr "Metodele sunt definite în blocul `impl`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Use struct update syntax to define a new structure using `peter`. Note " #~ "that the variable `peter` will no longer be accessible afterwards." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Utilizați sintaxa de actualizare a structurii pentru a defini o nouă " #~ "structură folosind `peter`. Rețineți că variabila `peter` nu va mai fi " #~ "accesibilă ulterior." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Use `{:#?}` when printing structs to request the `Debug` representation." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Utilizați `{:#?}` la imprimarea structurilor pentru a solicita " #~ "reprezentarea `Debug`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Person {\n" #~ " name: String,\n" #~ " age: u8,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Person {\n" #~ " fn say_hello(&self) {\n" #~ " println!(\"Hello, my name is {}\", self.name);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let peter = Person {\n" #~ " name: String::from(\"Peter\"),\n" #~ " age: 27,\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " peter.say_hello();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Person {\n" #~ " name: String,\n" #~ " age: u8,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Person {\n" #~ " fn say_hello(&self) {\n" #~ " println!(\"Bună ziua, numele meu este {}\", self.name);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let peter = Person {\n" #~ " name: String::from(\"Peter\"),\n" #~ " vârstă: 27,\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " peter.say_hello();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "We describe the distinction between method receivers next." #~ msgstr "În continuare, vom descrie distincția dintre receptorii de metode." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Consider emphasizing \"shared and immutable\" and \"unique and mutable\". " #~ "These constraints always come together in Rust due to borrow checker " #~ "rules, and `self` is no exception. It isn't possible to reference a " #~ "struct from multiple locations and call a mutating (`&mut self`) method " #~ "on it." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Luați în considerare posibilitatea de a pune accentul pe \"partajat și " #~ "imuabil\" și \"unic și mutabil\". Aceste constrângeri se întâlnesc " #~ "întotdeauna în Rust datorită regulilor de verificare a împrumuturilor, " #~ "iar `self` nu face excepție. Nu este posibil să se facă referire la o " #~ "structură din mai multe locații și să se apeleze o metodă mutantă (`&mut " #~ "self`) asupra acesteia." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Race {\n" #~ " name: String,\n" #~ " laps: Vec,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Race {\n" #~ " fn new(name: &str) -> Race { // No receiver, a static method\n" #~ " Race { name: String::from(name), laps: Vec::new() }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn add_lap(&mut self, lap: i32) { // Exclusive borrowed read-write " #~ "access to self\n" #~ " self.laps.push(lap);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn print_laps(&self) { // Shared and read-only borrowed access to " #~ "self\n" #~ " println!(\"Recorded {} laps for {}:\", self.laps.len(), self." #~ "name);\n" #~ " for (idx, lap) in self.laps.iter().enumerate() {\n" #~ " println!(\"Lap {idx}: {lap} sec\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn finish(self) { // Exclusive ownership of self\n" #~ " let total = self.laps.iter().sum::();\n" #~ " println!(\"Race {} is finished, total lap time: {}\", self.name, " #~ "total);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut race = Race::new(\"Monaco Grand Prix\");\n" #~ " race.add_lap(70);\n" #~ " race.add_lap(68);\n" #~ " race.print_laps();\n" #~ " race.add_lap(71);\n" #~ " race.print_laps();\n" #~ " race.finish();\n" #~ " // race.add_lap(42);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Race {\n" #~ " name: String,\n" #~ " laps: Vec,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Race {\n" #~ " fn new(name: &str) -> Race { // Fără receptor, o metodă " #~ "statică\n" #~ " Race { name: String::from(name), laps: Vec::new() }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn add_lap(&mut self, lap: i32) { // Acces exclusiv împrumutat de " #~ "citire-scriere la self\n" #~ " self.laps.push(lap);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn print_laps(&self) { // Acces împrumutat partajat și numai " #~ "pentru citire la self\n" #~ " println!(\"Înregistrat {} laps pentru {}:\", self.laps.len(), " #~ "self.name);\n" #~ " for (idx, lap) in self.laps.iter().enumerate() {\n" #~ " println!(\"Tur {idx}: {lap} sec\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn finish(self) { // Proprietatea exclusivă a lui self\n" #~ " let total = self.laps.iter().sum::();\n" #~ " println!(\"Cursa {} s-a terminat, timpul total pe tur: {}\", self." #~ "name, total);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut race = Race::new(\"Monaco Grand Prix\");\n" #~ " race.add_lap(70);\n" #~ " race.add_lap(68);\n" #~ " race.print_laps();\n" #~ " race.add_lap(71);\n" #~ " race.print_laps();\n" #~ " race.finish();\n" #~ " // race.add_lap(42);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "All four methods here use a different method receiver." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Toate cele patru metode de aici utilizează un receptor de metodă diferit." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "You can point out how that changes what the function can do with the " #~ "variable values and if/how it can be used again in `main`." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Puteți sublinia modul în care acest lucru schimbă ceea ce poate face " #~ "funcția cu valorile variabilelor și dacă/cum poate fi utilizată din nou " #~ "în `main`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "You can showcase the error that appears when trying to call `finish` " #~ "twice." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Puteți prezenta eroarea care apare atunci când încercați să apelați " #~ "`finish` de două ori." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Note that although the method receivers are different, the non-static " #~ "functions are called the same way in the main body. Rust enables " #~ "automatic referencing and dereferencing when calling methods. Rust " #~ "automatically adds in the `&`, `*`, `muts` so that that object matches " #~ "the method signature." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Rețineți că, deși destinatarii metodelor sunt diferiți, funcțiile non-" #~ "statice sunt apelate în același mod în corpul principal. Rust permite " #~ "referențierea și de-referențierea automată la apelarea metodelor. Rust " #~ "adaugă automat în `&`, `*`, `muts` astfel încât obiectul respectiv să " #~ "corespundă semnăturii metodei." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "You might point out that `print_laps` is using a vector that is iterated " #~ "over. We describe vectors in more detail in the afternoon. " #~ msgstr "" #~ "Ați putea sublinia că `print_laps` folosește un vector care este iterat. " #~ "Vom descrie vectorii mai în detaliu în cursul după-amiezii." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Day 2: Morning Exercises" #~ msgstr "Ziua 2: Exerciții de dimineață" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "We will look at implementing methods in two contexts:" #~ msgstr "Vom analiza implementarea metodelor în două contexte:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Storing books and querying the collection" #~ msgstr "Stocarea cărților și interogarea colecției" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Keeping track of health statistics for patients" #~ msgstr "Urmărirea statisticilor de sănătate pentru pacienți" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "We will learn much more about structs and the `Vec` type tomorrow. For " #~ "now, you just need to know part of its API:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Mâine vom învăța mult mai multe despre structuri și tipul `Vec`. " #~ "Deocamdată, trebuie doar să cunoașteți o parte din API-ul său:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut vec = vec![10, 20];\n" #~ " vec.push(30);\n" #~ " let midpoint = vec.len() / 2;\n" #~ " println!(\"middle value: {}\", vec[midpoint]);\n" #~ " for item in &vec {\n" #~ " println!(\"item: {item}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut vec = vec![10, 20];\n" #~ " vec.push(30);\n" #~ " let midpoint = vec.len() / 2;\n" #~ " println!(\"valoarea de mijloc: {}\", vec[midpoint]);\n" #~ " for item in &vec {\n" #~ " println!(\"item: {item}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Use this to model a library's book collection. Copy the code below to " #~ " and update the types to make it compile:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Folosiți acest lucru pentru a modela colecția de cărți a unei biblioteci. " #~ "Copiați codul de mai jos în și actualizați " #~ "tipurile pentru a-l compila:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,should_panic\n" #~ "struct Library {\n" #~ " books: Vec,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "struct Book {\n" #~ " title: String,\n" #~ " year: u16,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Book {\n" #~ " // This is a constructor, used below.\n" #~ " fn new(title: &str, year: u16) -> Book {\n" #~ " Book {\n" #~ " title: String::from(title),\n" #~ " year,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// Implement the methods below. Notice how the `self` parameter\n" #~ "// changes type to indicate the method's required level of ownership\n" #~ "// over the object:\n" #~ "//\n" #~ "// - `&self` for shared read-only access,\n" #~ "// - `&mut self` for unique and mutable access,\n" #~ "// - `self` for unique access by value.\n" #~ "impl Library {\n" #~ " fn new() -> Library {\n" #~ " todo!(\"Initialize and return a `Library` value\")\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn len(&self) -> usize {\n" #~ " todo!(\"Return the length of `self.books`\")\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {\n" #~ " todo!(\"Return `true` if `self.books` is empty\")\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn add_book(&mut self, book: Book) {\n" #~ " todo!(\"Add a new book to `self.books`\")\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn print_books(&self) {\n" #~ " todo!(\"Iterate over `self.books` and print each book's title and " #~ "year\")\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn oldest_book(&self) -> Option<&Book> {\n" #~ " todo!(\"Return a reference to the oldest book (if any)\")\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut library = Library::new();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\n" #~ " \"The library is empty: library.is_empty() -> {}\",\n" #~ " library.is_empty()\n" #~ " );\n" #~ "\n" #~ " library.add_book(Book::new(\"Lord of the Rings\", 1954));\n" #~ " library.add_book(Book::new(\"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland\", " #~ "1865));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\n" #~ " \"The library is no longer empty: library.is_empty() -> {}\",\n" #~ " library.is_empty()\n" #~ " );\n" #~ "\n" #~ " library.print_books();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " match library.oldest_book() {\n" #~ " Some(book) => println!(\"The oldest book is {}\", book.title),\n" #~ " None => println!(\"The library is empty!\"),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"The library has {} books\", library.len());\n" #~ " library.print_books();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,should_panic\n" #~ "struct Biblioteca {\n" #~ " books: Vec,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "struct Book {\n" #~ " titlu: String,\n" #~ " year: u16,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Book {\n" #~ " // Acesta este un constructor, utilizat mai jos.\n" #~ " fn new(title: &str, year: u16) -> Book {\n" #~ " Carte {\n" #~ " title: String::from(title),\n" #~ " year,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// Implementați metodele de mai jos. Observați modul în care parametrul " #~ "`self`\n" #~ "// își schimbă tipul pentru a indica nivelul necesar de proprietate al " #~ "metodei\n" #~ "// asupra obiectului:\n" #~ "//\n" #~ "// - `&self` pentru acces partajat numai pentru citire,\n" #~ "// - `&mut self` pentru acces unic și mutabil,\n" #~ "// - `self` pentru acces unic prin valoare.\n" #~ "impl Library {\n" #~ " fn new() -> Library {\n" #~ " todo!(\"Inițializează și returnează o valoare `Library`\")\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn len(&self) -> usize {\n" #~ " todo!(\"Returnează lungimea lui `self.books`\")\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {\n" #~ " todo!(\"Returnează `true` dacă `self.books` este gol\")\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn add_book(&mut self, book: Book) {\n" #~ " todo!(\"Adaugă o nouă carte în `self.books`\")\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn print_books(&self) {\n" #~ " todo!(\"Iterați peste `self.books` și imprimați titlul și anul " #~ "fiecărei cărți\")\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn oldest_book(&self) -> Option<&Book> {\n" #~ " todo!(\"Returnează o referință la cea mai veche carte (dacă " #~ "există)\")\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut library = Library::new();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\n" #~ " \"Biblioteca este goală: library.is_empty() -> {}\",\n" #~ " library.is_empty()\n" #~ " );\n" #~ "\n" #~ " library.add_book(Book::new(\"Lord of the Rings\", 1954));\n" #~ " library.add_book(Book::new(\"Aventurile lui Alice în Țara " #~ "Minunilor\", 1865));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\n" #~ " \"Biblioteca nu mai este goală: library.is_empty() -> {}\",\n" #~ " library.is_empty()\n" #~ " );\n" #~ "\n" #~ " library.print_books();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " se potrivește library.oldest_book() {\n" #~ " Some(book) => println!(\"Cea mai veche carte este {}\", book." #~ "title),\n" #~ " None => println!(\"Biblioteca este goală!\"),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " printlnn!(\"Biblioteca are {} cărți\", library.len());\n" #~ " library.print_books();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,should_panic\n" #~ "// TODO: remove this when you're done with your implementation.\n" #~ "#![allow(unused_variables, dead_code)]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub struct User {\n" #~ " name: String,\n" #~ " age: u32,\n" #~ " height: f32,\n" #~ " visit_count: usize,\n" #~ " last_blood_pressure: Option<(u32, u32)>,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub struct Measurements {\n" #~ " height: f32,\n" #~ " blood_pressure: (u32, u32),\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub struct HealthReport<'a> {\n" #~ " patient_name: &'a str,\n" #~ " visit_count: u32,\n" #~ " height_change: f32,\n" #~ " blood_pressure_change: Option<(i32, i32)>,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl User {\n" #~ " pub fn new(name: String, age: u32, height: f32) -> Self {\n" #~ " todo!(\"Create a new User instance\")\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn name(&self) -> &str {\n" #~ " todo!(\"Return the user's name\")\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn age(&self) -> u32 {\n" #~ " todo!(\"Return the user's age\")\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn height(&self) -> f32 {\n" #~ " todo!(\"Return the user's height\")\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn doctor_visits(&self) -> u32 {\n" #~ " todo!(\"Return the number of time the user has visited the " #~ "doctor\")\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn set_age(&mut self, new_age: u32) {\n" #~ " todo!(\"Set the user's age\")\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn set_height(&mut self, new_height: f32) {\n" #~ " todo!(\"Set the user's height\")\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn visit_doctor(&mut self, measurements: Measurements) -> " #~ "HealthReport {\n" #~ " todo!(\"Update a user's statistics based on measurements from a " #~ "visit to the doctor\")\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let bob = User::new(String::from(\"Bob\"), 32, 155.2);\n" #~ " println!(\"I'm {} and my age is {}\", bob.name(), bob.age());\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_height() {\n" #~ " let bob = User::new(String::from(\"Bob\"), 32, 155.2);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(bob.height(), 155.2);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_set_age() {\n" #~ " let mut bob = User::new(String::from(\"Bob\"), 32, 155.2);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(bob.age(), 32);\n" #~ " bob.set_age(33);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(bob.age(), 33);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_visit() {\n" #~ " let mut bob = User::new(String::from(\"Bob\"), 32, 155.2);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(bob.doctor_visits(), 0);\n" #~ " let report = bob.visit_doctor(Measurements {\n" #~ " height: 156.1,\n" #~ " blood_pressure: (120, 80),\n" #~ " });\n" #~ " assert_eq!(report.patient_name, \"Bob\");\n" #~ " assert_eq!(report.visit_count, 1);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(report.blood_pressure_change, None);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let report = bob.visit_doctor(Measurements {\n" #~ " height: 156.1,\n" #~ " blood_pressure: (115, 76),\n" #~ " });\n" #~ "\n" #~ " assert_eq!(report.visit_count, 2);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(report.blood_pressure_change, Some((-5, -4)));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,should_panic\n" #~ "// TODO: eliminați acest lucru atunci când ați terminat cu " #~ "implementarea.\n" #~ "#![allow(unused_variables, dead_code)]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub struct User {\n" #~ " name: String,\n" #~ " age: u32,\n" #~ " înălțime: f32,\n" #~ " visit_count: usize,\n" #~ " last_blood_pressure: Option<(u32, u32)>,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub struct struct Measurements {\n" #~ " height: f32,\n" #~ " blood_pressure: (u32, u32),\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub struct struct HealthReport<'a> {\n" #~ " patient_name: &'a str,\n" #~ " visit_count: u32,\n" #~ " height_change: f32,\n" #~ " blood_pressure_change: Option<(i32, i32)>,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl User {\n" #~ " pub fn new(name: String, age: u32, height: f32) -> Self {\n" #~ " todo!(\"Creează o nouă instanță de utilizator\")\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn name(&self) -> &str {\n" #~ " todo!(\"Returnează numele utilizatorului\")\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn age(&self) -> u32 {\n" #~ " todo!(\"Returnează vârsta utilizatorului\")\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn height(&self) -> f32 {\n" #~ " todo!(\"Întoarce înălțimea utilizatorului\")\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn fn doctor_visite(&self) -> u32 {\n" #~ " todo!(\"Întoarce numărul de vizite ale utilizatorului la " #~ "doctor\")\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn set_age(&mut self, new_age: u32) {\n" #~ " todo!(\"Setează vârsta utilizatorului\")\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn set_height(&mut self, new_height: f32) {\n" #~ " todo!(\"Stabilește înălțimea utilizatorului\")\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn visit_doctor(&mut self, measurements: Measurements) -> " #~ "HealthReport {\n" #~ " todo!(\"Actualizează statisticile unui utilizator pe baza " #~ "măsurătorilor de la o vizită la medic\")\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let bob = User::new(String::from(\"Bob\"), 32, 155.2);\n" #~ " println!(\"Sunt {} și vârsta mea este {}\", bob.name(), bob.age()), " #~ "bob.age());\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_înălțime() {\n" #~ " let bob = User::new(String::from(\"Bob\"), 32, 155.2);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(bob.height(), 155.2);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_set_age() {\n" #~ " let mut bob = User::new(String::from(\"Bob\"), 32, 155.2);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(bob.age(), 32);\n" #~ " bob.set_age(33);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(bob.age(), 33);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_vizita_test() {\n" #~ " let mut bob = User::new(String::from(\"Bob\"), 32, 155.2);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(bob.doctor_visitează(), 0);\n" #~ " let report = bob.visit_doctor(Measurements {\n" #~ " înălțime: 156,1,\n" #~ " blood_pressure: (120, 80),\n" #~ " });\n" #~ " assert_eq!(report.patient_name, \"Bob\");\n" #~ " assert_eq!(report.visit_count, 1);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(report.blood_pressure_change, None);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let report = bob.visit_doctor(Measurements {\n" #~ " înălțime: 156,1,\n" #~ " blood_pressure: (115, 76),\n" #~ " });\n" #~ "\n" #~ " assert_eq!(report.visit_count, 2);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(report.blood_pressure_change, Some((-5, -4)));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "The common vocabulary types include:" #~ msgstr "Tipurile comune de vocabular includ:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "[`Option` and `Result`](std/option-result.md) types: used for optional " #~ "values and [error handling](error-handling.md)." #~ msgstr "" #~ "tipurile [`Option` și `Result`](std/option-result.md): utilizate pentru " #~ "valorile opționale și [error handling](error-handling.md)." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "[`String`](std/string.md): the default string type used for owned data." #~ msgstr "" #~ "[`String`](std/string.md): tipul de șir de caractere implicit utilizat " #~ "pentru datele deținute." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "[`Vec`](std/vec.md): a standard extensible vector." #~ msgstr "[`Vec`](std/vec.md): un vector extensibil standard." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "[`HashMap`](std/hashmap.md): a hash map type with a configurable hashing " #~ "algorithm." #~ msgstr "" #~ "[`HashMap`](std/hashmap.md): un tip de hartă hash cu un algoritm de " #~ "hashing configurabil." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "[`Box`](std/box.md): an owned pointer for heap-allocated data." #~ msgstr "" #~ "[`Box`](std/box.md): un pointer deținut pentru datele alocate în heap." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "[`Rc`](std/rc.md): a shared reference-counted pointer for heap-allocated " #~ "data." #~ msgstr "" #~ "[`Rc`](std/rc.md): un pointer partajat cu referințe pentru date alocate " #~ "în heap." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "`Option` and `Result`" #~ msgstr "`Opțiune` și `Rezultat`" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "The types represent optional data:" #~ msgstr "Tipurile reprezintă date opționale:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let numbers = vec![10, 20, 30];\n" #~ " let first: Option<&i8> = numbers.first();\n" #~ " println!(\"first: {first:?}\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let arr: Result<[i8; 3], Vec> = numbers.try_into();\n" #~ " println!(\"arr: {arr:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let numbers = vec![10, 20, 30];\n" #~ " let first: Option<&i8> = numbers.first();\n" #~ " println!(\"first: {first:?}\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let arr: Result<[i8; 3], Vec> = numbers.try_into();\n" #~ " println!(\"arr: {arr:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "`Option<&T>` has zero space overhead compared to `&T`." #~ msgstr "`Option<&T>`` are un spațiu de lucru zero în comparație cu `&T`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "`try_into` attempts to convert the vector into a fixed-sized array. This " #~ "can fail:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "`try_into` încearcă să convertească vectorul într-o matrice de dimensiune " #~ "fixă. Acest lucru poate eșua:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "If the vector has the right size, `Result::Ok` is returned with the array." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Dacă vectorul are dimensiunea corectă, se returnează `Result::Ok` " #~ "împreună cu matricea." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Otherwise, `Result::Err` is returned with the original vector." #~ msgstr "" #~ "În caz contrar, se returnează `Result::Err` împreună cu vectorul original." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut s1 = String::new();\n" #~ " s1.push_str(\"Hello\");\n" #~ " println!(\"s1: len = {}, capacity = {}\", s1.len(), s1.capacity());\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut s2 = String::with_capacity(s1.len() + 1);\n" #~ " s2.push_str(&s1);\n" #~ " s2.push('!');\n" #~ " println!(\"s2: len = {}, capacity = {}\", s2.len(), s2.capacity());\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let s3 = String::from(\"🇨🇭\");\n" #~ " println!(\"s3: len = {}, number of chars = {}\", s3.len(),\n" #~ " s3.chars().count());\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut s1 = String::new();\n" #~ " s1.push_str(\"Hello\");\n" #~ " println!(\"s1: len = {}, capacity = {}\", s1.len(), s1.capacity()));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut s2 = String::with_capacity(s1.len() + 1);\n" #~ " s2.push_str(&s1);\n" #~ " s2.push('!');\n" #~ " println!(\"s2: len = {}, capacity = {}\", s2.len(), s2.capacity());\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let s3 = String::from(\"🇨🇭\");\n" #~ " printlnn!(\"s3: len = {}, number of chars = {}\", s3.len(),\n" #~ " s3.chars().count()));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut v1 = Vec::new();\n" #~ " v1.push(42);\n" #~ " println!(\"v1: len = {}, capacity = {}\", v1.len(), v1.capacity());\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut v2 = Vec::with_capacity(v1.len() + 1);\n" #~ " v2.extend(v1.iter());\n" #~ " v2.push(9999);\n" #~ " println!(\"v2: len = {}, capacity = {}\", v2.len(), v2.capacity());\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Canonical macro to initialize a vector with elements.\n" #~ " let mut v3 = vec![0, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4];\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Retain only the even elements.\n" #~ " v3.retain(|x| x % 2 == 0);\n" #~ " println!(\"{v3:?}\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Remove consecutive duplicates.\n" #~ " v3.dedup();\n" #~ " println!(\"{v3:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut v1 = Vec::new();\n" #~ " v1.push(42);\n" #~ " println!(\"v1: len = {}, capacity = {}\", v1.len(), v1.capacity()));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut v2 = Vec::with_capacity(v1.len() + 1);\n" #~ " v2.extend(v1.iter());\n" #~ " v2.push(9999);\n" #~ " println!(\"v2: len = {}, capacity = {}\", v2.len(), v2.len(), v2." #~ "capacity());\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Macro canonică pentru inițializarea unui vector cu elemente.\n" #~ " let mut v3 = vec![0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 4];\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Reține doar elementele pare.\n" #~ " v3.retain(|x| x| x % 2 == 0);\n" #~ " println!(\"{v3:?}\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Elimină duplicatele consecutive.\n" #~ " v3.dedup();\n" #~ " println!(\"{v3:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Show iterating over a vector and mutating the value: `for e in &mut v " #~ "{ *e += 50; }`" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Se arată iterarea peste un vector și mutarea valorii: `for e in &mut v " #~ "{ *e += 50; }`" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "use std::collections::HashMap;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut page_counts = HashMap::new();\n" #~ " page_counts.insert(\"Adventures of Huckleberry Finn\".to_string(), " #~ "207);\n" #~ " page_counts.insert(\"Grimms' Fairy Tales\".to_string(), 751);\n" #~ " page_counts.insert(\"Pride and Prejudice\".to_string(), 303);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " if !page_counts.contains_key(\"Les Misérables\") {\n" #~ " println!(\"We know about {} books, but not Les Misérables.\",\n" #~ " page_counts.len());\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " for book in [\"Pride and Prejudice\", \"Alice's Adventure in " #~ "Wonderland\"] {\n" #~ " match page_counts.get(book) {\n" #~ " Some(count) => println!(\"{book}: {count} pages\"),\n" #~ " None => println!(\"{book} is unknown.\")\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Use the .entry() method to insert a value if nothing is found.\n" #~ " for book in [\"Pride and Prejudice\", \"Alice's Adventure in " #~ "Wonderland\"] {\n" #~ " let page_count: &mut i32 = page_counts.entry(book.to_string())." #~ "or_insert(0);\n" #~ " *page_count += 1;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"{page_counts:#?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "folosiți std::collections::HashMap;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut page_counts = HashMap::new();\n" #~ " page_counts.insert(\"Aventurile lui Huckleberry Finn\".to_string(), " #~ "207);\n" #~ " page_counts.insert(\"Grimms' Fairy Tales\".to_string(), 751);\n" #~ " page_counts.insert(\"Pride and Prejudice\".to_string(), 303);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " if !page_counts.contains_key(\"Les Misérables\") {\n" #~ " println!(\"Știm despre {} cărți, dar nu și despre Les Misérables." #~ "\",\n" #~ " page_counts.len());\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " for book in [\"Mândrie și prejudecată\", \"Aventura lui Alice în Țara " #~ "Minunilor\"] {\n" #~ " match page_counts.get(book) {\n" #~ " Some(count) => println!(\"{book}: {count} pagini\"),\n" #~ " None => println!(\"{book} este necunoscut.\")\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Utilizați metoda .entry() pentru a introduce o valoare dacă nu se " #~ "găsește nimic.\n" #~ " for book in [\"Pride and Prejudice\", \"Alice's Adventure in " #~ "Wonderland\"] {\n" #~ " let page_count: &mut i32 = page_counts.entry(book.to_string())." #~ "or_insert(0);\n" #~ " *page_count += 1;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"{page_counts:#?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,ignore\n" #~ " let pc1 = page_counts\n" #~ " .get(\"Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone\")\n" #~ " .unwrap_or(&336);\n" #~ " let pc2 = page_counts\n" #~ " .entry(\"The Hunger Games\".to_string())\n" #~ " .or_insert(374);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,ignore\n" #~ " let pc1 = page_counts\n" #~ " .get(\"Harry Potter și piatra vrăjitoarelor\")\n" #~ " .unwrap_or(&336);\n" #~ " let pc2 = page_counts\n" #~ " .entry(\"The Hunger Games\".to_string())\n" #~ " .or_insert(374);\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,ignore\n" #~ " let page_counts = HashMap::from([\n" #~ " (\"Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone\".to_string(), 336),\n" #~ " (\"The Hunger Games\".to_string(), 374),\n" #~ " ]);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```încredere,ignora\n" #~ " let page_counts = HashMap::from([\n" #~ " (\"Harry Potter și Piatra Vrăjitoarelor\".to_string(), 336),\n" #~ " (\"Jocurile foamei\".to_string(), 374),\n" #~ " ]);\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "`Box`" #~ msgstr "`Box`" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let five = Box::new(5);\n" #~ " println!(\"five: {}\", *five);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let five = Box::new(5);\n" #~ " println!(\"cinci: {}\", *cinci);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "In the above example, you can even leave out the `*` in the `println!` " #~ "statement thanks to `Deref`. " #~ msgstr "" #~ "În exemplul de mai sus, puteți chiar să omiteți `*` în instrucțiunea " #~ "`println!` datorită lui `Deref`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Box with Recursive Data Structures" #~ msgstr "Caseta cu structuri de date recursive" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "enum List {\n" #~ " Cons(T, Box>),\n" #~ " Nil,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let list: List = List::Cons(1, Box::new(List::Cons(2, Box::" #~ "new(List::Nil))));\n" #~ " println!(\"{list:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "enum List {\n" #~ " Cons(T, Box<List>),\n" #~ " Nil,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let list: List = List::Cons(1, Box::new(List::Cons(2, Box::" #~ "new(List::Nil))));\n" #~ " println!(\"{list:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "use std::rc::Rc;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut a = Rc::new(10);\n" #~ " let mut b = Rc::clone(&a);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"a: {a}\");\n" #~ " println!(\"b: {b}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "use std::rc::Rc;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut a = Rc::new(10);\n" #~ " let mut b = Rc::clone(&a);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"a: {a}\");\n" #~ " println!(\"b: {b}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "`Cell` and `RefCell`" #~ msgstr "`Cell` și `RefCell`" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "[`Cell`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/cell/struct.Cell.html) and " #~ "[`RefCell`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/cell/struct.RefCell.html) " #~ "implement what Rust calls _interior mutability:_ mutation of values in an " #~ "immutable context." #~ msgstr "" #~ "[`Cell`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/cell/struct.Cell.html) și " #~ "[`RefCell`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/cell/struct.RefCell.html) " #~ "implementează ceea ce Rust numește _mutabilitatea interioară:_ mutația " #~ "valorilor într-un context imuabil." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "`Cell` is typically used for simple types, as it requires copying or " #~ "moving values. More complex interior types typically use `RefCell`, which " #~ "tracks shared and exclusive references at runtime and panics if they are " #~ "misused." #~ msgstr "" #~ "`Cell` este utilizat de obicei pentru tipuri simple, deoarece necesită " #~ "copierea sau mutarea valorilor. Tipurile interioare mai complexe folosesc " #~ "de obicei `RefCell`, care urmărește referințele partajate și exclusive în " #~ "timpul execuției și intră în panică dacă acestea sunt folosite în mod " #~ "abuziv." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "use std::cell::RefCell;\n" #~ "use std::rc::Rc;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug, Default)]\n" #~ "struct Node {\n" #~ " value: i64,\n" #~ " children: Vec>>,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Node {\n" #~ " fn new(value: i64) -> Rc> {\n" #~ " Rc::new(RefCell::new(Node { value, ..Node::default() }))\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn sum(&self) -> i64 {\n" #~ " self.value + self.children.iter().map(|c| c.borrow().sum()).sum::" #~ "()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let root = Node::new(1);\n" #~ " root.borrow_mut().children.push(Node::new(5));\n" #~ " let subtree = Node::new(10);\n" #~ " subtree.borrow_mut().children.push(Node::new(11));\n" #~ " subtree.borrow_mut().children.push(Node::new(12));\n" #~ " root.borrow_mut().children.push(subtree);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"graph: {root:#?}\");\n" #~ " println!(\"graph sum: {}\", root.borrow().sum());\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "folosiți std::cell::RefCell;\n" #~ "use std::rc::Rc;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug, Default)]\n" #~ "struct Node {\n" #~ " value: i64,\n" #~ " children: Vec<Rc<RefCell>>,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Node {\n" #~ " fn new(value: i64) -> Rc<RefCell> {\n" #~ " Rc::new(RefCell::new(Node { value, ..Node::default() })))\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn sum(&self) -> i64 {\n" #~ " self.value + self.children.iter().map(|c| c.borrow().sum()).sum::" #~ "()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let root = Node::new(1);\n" #~ " root.borrow_mut().children.push(Node::new(5));\n" #~ " let subtree = Node::new(10);\n" #~ " subtree.borrow_mut().children.push(Node::new(11));\n" #~ " subtree.borrow_mut().children.push(Node::new(12));\n" #~ " root.borrow_mut().children.push(subtree);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"graph: {root:#?}\");\n" #~ " printlnn!(\"graph sum: {}\", root.borrow().sum()));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "If we were using `Cell` instead of `RefCell` in this example, we would " #~ "have to move the `Node` out of the `Rc` to push children, then move it " #~ "back in. This is safe because there's always one, un-referenced value in " #~ "the cell, but it's not ergonomic." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Dacă am fi folosit `Cell` în loc de `RefCell` în acest exemplu, ar fi " #~ "trebuit să mutăm `Node` în afara `Rc` pentru a împinge copiii, apoi să îl " #~ "mutăm înapoi. Acest lucru este sigur, deoarece în celulă există " #~ "întotdeauna o singură valoare nereferențiată, dar nu este ergonomic." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "To do anything with a Node, you must call a `RefCell` method, usually " #~ "`borrow` or `borrow_mut`." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Pentru a face ceva cu un nod, trebuie să apelați o metodă `RefCell`, de " #~ "obicei `borrow` sau `borrow_mut`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "mod foo {\n" #~ " pub fn do_something() {\n" #~ " println!(\"In the foo module\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "mod bar {\n" #~ " pub fn do_something() {\n" #~ " println!(\"In the bar module\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " foo::do_something();\n" #~ " bar::do_something();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "mod foo {\n" #~ " pub fn do_something() {\n" #~ " println!(\"În modulul foo\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "mod bar {\n" #~ " pub fn do_something() {\n" #~ " println!(\"În modulul bar\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " foo::do_something();\n" #~ " bar::do_something();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "mod outer {\n" #~ " fn private() {\n" #~ " println!(\"outer::private\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn public() {\n" #~ " println!(\"outer::public\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " mod inner {\n" #~ " fn private() {\n" #~ " println!(\"outer::inner::private\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn public() {\n" #~ " println!(\"outer::inner::public\");\n" #~ " super::private();\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " outer::public();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "mod outer {\n" #~ " fn private() {\n" #~ " println!(\"outer::private\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn public() {\n" #~ " println!(\"outer::public\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " mod inner {\n" #~ " fn private() {\n" #~ " println!(\"outer::inner::private\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn public() {\n" #~ " println!(\"outer::inner::public\");\n" #~ " super::private();\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " outer::public();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "//! This module implements the garden, including a highly performant " #~ "germination\n" #~ "//! implementation.\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// Re-export types from this module.\n" #~ "pub use seeds::SeedPacket;\n" #~ "pub use garden::Garden;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Sow the given seed packets.\n" #~ "pub fn sow(seeds: Vec) { todo!() }\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Harvest the produce in the garden that is ready.\n" #~ "pub fn harvest(garden: &mut Garden) { todo!() }\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "//! Acest modul implementează grădina, inclusiv o germinație foarte " #~ "performantă\n" #~ "//! performantă.\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// Reexportați tipurile din acest modul.\n" #~ "pub use seeds::SeedPacket;\n" #~ "pub use garden::Garden;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Semănați pachetele de semințe date.\n" #~ "pub fn sow(seeds: Vec) { todo!() } }\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Recoltează produsele din grădină care sunt gata.\n" #~ "pub fn harvest(garden: &mut Garden) { todo!() } }\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,ignore\n" #~ "#[path = \"some/path.rs\"]\n" #~ "mod some_module;\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,ignore\n" #~ "#[path = \"some/path.rs\"]\n" #~ "mod some_module;\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Day 2: Afternoon Exercises" #~ msgstr "Ziua 2: Exerciții după-amiaza" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The exercises for this afternoon will focus on strings and iterators." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Exercițiile din această după-amiază se vor axa pe șiruri de caractere și " #~ "iteratori." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The ownership model of Rust affects many APIs. An example of this is the " #~ "[`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html) and " #~ "[`IntoIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.IntoIterator." #~ "html) traits." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Modelul de proprietate din Rust afectează multe API-uri. Un exemplu în " #~ "acest sens este reprezentat de trăsăturile [`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-" #~ "lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html) și [`IntoIterator`](https://doc." #~ "rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.IntoIterator.html)." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Traits are like interfaces: they describe behavior (methods) for a type. " #~ "The `Iterator` trait simply says that you can call `next` until you get " #~ "`None` back:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Trăsăturile sunt ca interfețele: ele descriu comportamentul (metodele) " #~ "unui tip. Trăsătura `Iterator` spune pur și simplu că puteți apela `next` " #~ "până când primiți înapoi `None`:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "You use this trait like this:" #~ msgstr "Folosiți această trăsătură astfel:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let v: Vec = vec![10, 20, 30];\n" #~ " let mut iter = v.iter();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"v[0]: {:?}\", iter.next());\n" #~ " println!(\"v[1]: {:?}\", iter.next());\n" #~ " println!(\"v[2]: {:?}\", iter.next());\n" #~ " println!(\"No more items: {:?}\", iter.next());\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let v: Vec = vec![10, 20, 30];\n" #~ " let mut iter = v.iter();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"v[0]: {:?}\", iter.next());\n" #~ " println!(\"v[1]: {:?}\", iter.next());\n" #~ " println!(\"v[2]: {:?}\", iter.next());\n" #~ " println!(\"Nu mai există elemente: {:?}\", iter.next());\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "What is the type returned by the iterator? Test your answer here:" #~ msgstr "Care este tipul returnat de iterator? Testați-vă răspunsul aici:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let v: Vec = vec![10, 20, 30];\n" #~ " let mut iter = v.iter();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let v0: Option<..> = iter.next();\n" #~ " println!(\"v0: {v0:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let v: Vec = vec![10, 20, 30];\n" #~ " let mut iter = v.iter();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let v0: Option<..> = iter.next();\n" #~ " println!(\"v0: {v0:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Why is this type used?" #~ msgstr "De ce se folosește acest tip?" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Like before, what is the type returned by the iterator?" #~ msgstr "La fel ca înainte, care este tipul returnat de iterator?" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let v: Vec = vec![String::from(\"foo\"), String::" #~ "from(\"bar\")];\n" #~ " let mut iter = v.into_iter();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let v0: Option<..> = iter.next();\n" #~ " println!(\"v0: {v0:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let v: Vec = vec![String::from(\"foo\"), String::" #~ "from(\"bar\")];\n" #~ " let mut iter = v.into_iter();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let v0: Option<..> = iter.next();\n" #~ " println!(\"v0: {v0:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Now that we know both `Iterator` and `IntoIterator`, we can build `for` " #~ "loops. They call `into_iter()` on an expression and iterates over the " #~ "resulting iterator:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Acum că știm atât `Iterator` cât și `IntoIterator`, putem construi " #~ "buclele `for`. Acestea apelează `into_iter()` pe o expresie și iteră " #~ "peste iteratorul rezultat:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let v: Vec = vec![String::from(\"foo\"), String::" #~ "from(\"bar\")];\n" #~ "\n" #~ " for word in &v {\n" #~ " println!(\"word: {word}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " for word in v {\n" #~ " println!(\"word: {word}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let v: Vec = vec![String::from(\"foo\"), String::" #~ "from(\"bar\")];\n" #~ "\n" #~ " for word in &v {\n" #~ " println!(\"word: {word}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " for word in v {\n" #~ " println!(\"cuvânt: {word}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Experiment with the code above and then consult the documentation for " #~ "[`impl IntoIterator for &Vec`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/" #~ "struct.Vec.html#impl-IntoIterator-for-%26'a+Vec%3CT,+A%3E) and [`impl " #~ "IntoIterator for Vec`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec." #~ "html#impl-IntoIterator-for-Vec%3CT,+A%3E) to check your answers." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Experimentați cu codul de mai sus și apoi consultați documentația pentru " #~ "[`impl IntoIterator for &Vec`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/" #~ "struct.Vec.html#impl-IntoIterator-for-%26'a+Vec%3CT,+A%3E) și [`impl " #~ "IntoIterator for Vec`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec." #~ "html#impl-IntoIterator-for-Vec%3CT,+A%3E) pentru a vă verifica " #~ "răspunsurile." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "In this exercise, you are implementing a routing component of a web " #~ "server. The server is configured with a number of _path prefixes_ which " #~ "are matched against _request paths_. The path prefixes can contain a " #~ "wildcard character which matches a full segment. See the unit tests below." #~ msgstr "" #~ "În acest exercițiu, implementați o componentă de rutare a unui server " #~ "web. Serverul este configurat cu un număr de _prefixe de drumuri_ care " #~ "sunt comparate cu _căile de căutare_. Prefixele căilor pot conține un " #~ "caracter wildcard care se potrivește cu un segment complet. A se vedea " #~ "testele unitare de mai jos." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "// TODO: remove this when you're done with your implementation.\n" #~ "#![allow(unused_variables, dead_code)]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub fn prefix_matches(prefix: &str, request_path: &str) -> bool {\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_matches_without_wildcard() {\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers\"));\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers/" #~ "abc-123\"));\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers/abc/" #~ "books\"));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1\"));\n" #~ " assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/" #~ "publishersBooks\"));\n" #~ " assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/parent/" #~ "publishers\"));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_matches_with_wildcard() {\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/*/books\",\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/foo/books\"\n" #~ " ));\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/*/books\",\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/bar/books\"\n" #~ " ));\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/*/books\",\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/foo/books/book1\"\n" #~ " ));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers/*/books\", \"/v1/" #~ "publishers\"));\n" #~ " assert!(!prefix_matches(\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/*/books\",\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/foo/booksByAuthor\"\n" #~ " ));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "// TODO: eliminați acest lucru atunci când ați terminat cu " #~ "implementarea.\n" #~ "#![allow(unused_variables, dead_code)]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub fn prefix_matches(prefix: &str, request_path: &str) -> bool {\n" #~ " neimplementat!()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_matches_without_wildcard() {\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers\"));\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers/" #~ "abc-123\"));\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers/abc/" #~ "books\")));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1\"));\n" #~ " assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/" #~ "publishersBooks\")));\n" #~ " assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/părinți/" #~ "editori\")));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_matches_with_wildcard() {\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/*/books\",\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/foo/books\"\n" #~ " ));\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/*/books\",\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/bar/books\"\n" #~ " ));\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/*/books\",\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/foo/books/book1\"\n" #~ " ));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers/*/books\", \"/v1/" #~ "publishers\"));\n" #~ " assert!(!prefix_matches(\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/*/books\",\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/foo/booksByAuthor\"\n" #~ " ));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Traits: deriving traits, default methods, and important standard library " #~ "traits." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Trăsături: derivarea trăsăturilor, metode implicite și trăsături " #~ "importante ale bibliotecii standard." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Generics: generic data types, generic methods, monomorphization, and " #~ "trait objects." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Generice: tipuri de date generice, metode generice, monomorfizare și " #~ "obiecte cu trăsături." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Testing: unit tests, documentation tests, and integration tests." #~ msgstr "Testare: teste unitare, teste de documentare și teste de integrare." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Unsafe Rust: raw pointers, static variables, unsafe functions, and extern " #~ "functions." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Unsafe Rust: pointeri brute, variabile statice, funcții nesigure și " #~ "funcții externe." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Point {\n" #~ " x: T,\n" #~ " y: T,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let integer = Point { x: 5, y: 10 };\n" #~ " let float = Point { x: 1.0, y: 4.0 };\n" #~ " println!(\"{integer:?} and {float:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Point {\n" #~ " x: T,\n" #~ " y: T,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let integer = Point { x: 5, y: 10 };\n" #~ " let float = Point { x: 1.0, y: 4.0 };\n" #~ " println!(\"{integer:?} și {float:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Try declaring a new variable `let p = Point { x: 5, y: 10.0 };`." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Încercați să declarați o nouă variabilă `let p = Point { x: 5, y: 10.0 };" #~ "`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Fix the code to allow points that have elements of different types." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Corectarea codului pentru a permite puncte care au elemente de tipuri " #~ "diferite." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "You can declare a generic type on your `impl` block:" #~ msgstr "Puteți declara un tip generic în blocul `impl`:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Point(T, T);\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Point {\n" #~ " fn x(&self) -> &T {\n" #~ " &self.0 // + 10\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // fn set_x(&mut self, x: T)\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let p = Point(5, 10);\n" #~ " println!(\"p.x = {}\", p.x());\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Point(T, T);\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Point {\n" #~ " fn x(&self) -> &T {\n" #~ " &self.0 // + 10\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // fn set_x(&mut self, x: T)\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let p = Point(5, 10);\n" #~ " println!(\"p.x = {}\", p.x());\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Generic code is turned into non-generic code based on the call sites:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Codul generic este transformat în cod ne-generic în funcție de locurile " #~ "de apelare:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "behaves as if you wrote" #~ msgstr "se comportă ca și cum ați fi scris" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "struct Dog { name: String, age: i8 }\n" #~ "struct Cat { lives: i8 } // No name needed, cats won't respond anyway.\n" #~ "\n" #~ "trait Pet {\n" #~ " fn talk(&self) -> String;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Pet for Dog {\n" #~ " fn talk(&self) -> String { format!(\"Woof, my name is {}!\", self." #~ "name) }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Pet for Cat {\n" #~ " fn talk(&self) -> String { String::from(\"Miau!\") }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn greet(pet: &P) {\n" #~ " println!(\"Oh you're a cutie! What's your name? {}\", pet.talk());\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let captain_floof = Cat { lives: 9 };\n" #~ " let fido = Dog { name: String::from(\"Fido\"), age: 5 };\n" #~ "\n" #~ " greet(&captain_floof);\n" #~ " greet(&fido);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "struct Dog { name: String, age: i8 }\n" #~ "struct Cat { lives: i8 } // Nu este nevoie de nume, pisicile oricum nu " #~ "vor răspunde.\n" #~ "\n" #~ "trait Pet {\n" #~ " fn talk(&self) -> String;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Pet pentru Dog {\n" #~ " fn talk(&self) -> String { format!(\"Woof, numele meu este {}!" #~ "\", self.name) } }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Pet for Cat {\n" #~ " fn talk(&self) -> String { String::from(\"Miau!\") }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn greet(pet: &P) {\n" #~ " println!(\"Oh, ești un drăguț! Cum te cheamă? {}\", pet.talk());\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let captain_floof = Cat { lives: 9 };\n" #~ " let fido = Dog { name: String::from(\"Fido\"), age: 5 };\n" #~ "\n" #~ " greet(&captain_floof);\n" #~ " greet(&fido);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "struct Dog { name: String, age: i8 }\n" #~ "struct Cat { lives: i8 } // No name needed, cats won't respond anyway.\n" #~ "\n" #~ "trait Pet {\n" #~ " fn talk(&self) -> String;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Pet for Dog {\n" #~ " fn talk(&self) -> String { format!(\"Woof, my name is {}!\", self." #~ "name) }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Pet for Cat {\n" #~ " fn talk(&self) -> String { String::from(\"Miau!\") }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let pets: Vec> = vec![\n" #~ " Box::new(Cat { lives: 9 }),\n" #~ " Box::new(Dog { name: String::from(\"Fido\"), age: 5 }),\n" #~ " ];\n" #~ " for pet in pets {\n" #~ " println!(\"Hello, who are you? {}\", pet.talk());\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "struct Dog { name: String, age: i8 }\n" #~ "struct Cat { lives: i8 } // Nu este nevoie de nume, pisicile oricum nu " #~ "vor răspunde.\n" #~ "\n" #~ "trait Pet {\n" #~ " fn talk(&self) -> String;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Pet pentru Dog {\n" #~ " fn talk(&self) -> String { format!(\"Woof, numele meu este {}!" #~ "\", self.name) } }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Pet for Cat {\n" #~ " fn talk(&self) -> String { String::from(\"Miau!\") }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let pets: Vec<Box> = vec!\n" #~ " Box::new(Cat { lives: 9 }),\n" #~ " Box::new(Dog { name: String::from(\"Fido\"), age: 5 }),\n" #~ " ];\n" #~ " for pet in pets {\n" #~ " println!(\"Salut, cine ești? {}\", pet.talk());\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,ignore\n" #~ " println!(\"{} {}\", std::mem::size_of::(), std::mem::size_of::" #~ "());\n" #~ " println!(\"{} {}\", std::mem::size_of::<&Dog>(), std::mem::size_of::" #~ "<&Cat>());\n" #~ " println!(\"{}\", std::mem::size_of::<&dyn Pet>());\n" #~ " println!(\"{}\", std::mem::size_of::>());\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```încredere,ignora\n" #~ " println!(\"{} {}\", std::mem::size_of:::(), std::mem::size_of::" #~ "());\n" #~ " println!(\"{} {}\", std::mem::size_of::<&Dog>(), std::mem::size_of::" #~ "<&Cat>());\n" #~ " println!(\"{}\", std::mem::size_of::<&dyn Pet>());\n" #~ " printlnn!(\"{}\", std::mem::size_of::<Box>());\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Rust derive macros work by automatically generating code that implements " #~ "the specified traits for a data structure." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Macrogramele de derivare Rust funcționează prin generarea automată a " #~ "codului care implementează trăsăturile specificate pentru o structură de " #~ "date." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "You can let the compiler derive a number of traits as follows:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Puteți lăsa compilatorul să deducă o serie de trăsături după cum urmează:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Default)]\n" #~ "struct Player {\n" #~ " name: String,\n" #~ " strength: u8,\n" #~ " hit_points: u8,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let p1 = Player::default();\n" #~ " let p2 = p1.clone();\n" #~ " println!(\"Is {:?}\\nequal to {:?}?\\nThe answer is {}!\", &p1, &p2,\n" #~ " if p1 == p2 { \"yes\" } else { \"no\" });\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Default)]]\n" #~ "struct Player {\n" #~ " name: String,\n" #~ " strength: u8,\n" #~ " hit_points: u8,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let p1 = Player::default();\n" #~ " let p2 = p1.clone();\n" #~ " println!(\"Este {:?}\\negal cu {:?}?\\nRăspunsul este {}!\", &p1, " #~ "&p2,\n" #~ " if p1 == p2 { \"yes\" } else { \"no\" });\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Traits can implement behavior in terms of other trait methods:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Trăsăturile pot pune în aplicare comportamentul în termeni de metode ale " #~ "altor trăsături:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "trait Equals {\n" #~ " fn equals(&self, other: &Self) -> bool;\n" #~ " fn not_equals(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {\n" #~ " !self.equals(other)\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Centimeter(i16);\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Equals for Centimeter {\n" #~ " fn equals(&self, other: &Centimeter) -> bool {\n" #~ " self.0 == other.0\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let a = Centimeter(10);\n" #~ " let b = Centimeter(20);\n" #~ " println!(\"{a:?} equals {b:?}: {}\", a.equals(&b));\n" #~ " println!(\"{a:?} not_equals {b:?}: {}\", a.not_equals(&b));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "trăsătură Equals {\n" #~ " fn equals(&self, other: &Self) -> bool;\n" #~ " fn not_equals(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {\n" #~ " !self.equals(other)\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Centimetru(i16);\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Equals pentru Centimetru {\n" #~ " fn equals(&self, other: &Centimeter) -> bool {\n" #~ " self.0 == other.0\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let a = Centimetru(10);\n" #~ " let b = Centimetru(20);\n" #~ " println!(\"{a:?} este egal cu {b:?}: {}\", a.equals(&b));\n" #~ " printlnn!(\"{a:?} not_equals {b:?}: {}\", a.not_equals(&b));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Move method `not_equals` to a new trait `NotEquals`." #~ msgstr "Mutarea metodei `not_equals` la o nouă trăsătură `NotEquals`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Make `Equals` a super trait for `NotEquals`." #~ msgstr "Faceți din `Equals` o super trăsătură pentru `NotEquals`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Provide a blanket implementation of `NotEquals` for `Equals`." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Furnizarea unei implementări generale a funcției `NotEquals` pentru " #~ "`Equals`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "With the blanket implementation, you no longer need `Equals` as a super " #~ "trait for `NotEqual`." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Odată cu implementarea păturii, nu mai aveți nevoie de `Equals` ca o " #~ "super trăsătură pentru `NotEqual`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn duplicate(a: T) -> (T, T) {\n" #~ " (a.clone(), a.clone())\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// Syntactic sugar for:\n" #~ "// fn add_42_millions>(x: T) -> i32 {\n" #~ "fn add_42_millions(x: impl Into) -> i32 {\n" #~ " x.into() + 42_000_000\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// struct NotClonable;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let foo = String::from(\"foo\");\n" #~ " let pair = duplicate(foo);\n" #~ " println!(\"{pair:?}\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let many = add_42_millions(42_i8);\n" #~ " println!(\"{many}\");\n" #~ " let many_more = add_42_millions(10_000_000);\n" #~ " println!(\"{many_more}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "fn duplicate(a: T) -> (T, T) {\n" #~ " (a.clone(), a.clone())\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// Zahăr sintactic pentru:\n" #~ "// fn add_42_millions<T: Into>(x: T) -> i32 {\n" #~ "fn add_42_millions(x: impl Into) -> i32 {\n" #~ " x.into() + 42_000_000\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// struct NotClonable;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let foo = String::from(\"foo\");\n" #~ " let pair = duplicate(foo);\n" #~ " println!(\"{pair:?}\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let many = add_42_millions(42_i8);\n" #~ " println!(\"{many}\");\n" #~ " let many_more = add_42_millions(10_000_000);\n" #~ " println!(\"{many_more}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "use std::fmt::Display;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn get_x(name: impl Display) -> impl Display {\n" #~ " format!(\"Hello {name}\")\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let x = get_x(\"foo\");\n" #~ " println!(\"{x}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "folosește std::fmt::Display;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn get_x(name: impl Display) -> impl Display {\n" #~ " format!(\"Hello {name}\")\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let x = get_x(\"foo\");\n" #~ " println!(\"{x}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "`impl Trait` allows you to work with types which you cannot name." #~ msgstr "" #~ "`impl Trait` vă permite să lucrați cu tipuri pe care nu le puteți numi." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "This example is great, because it uses `impl Display` twice. It helps to " #~ "explain that nothing here enforces that it is _the same_ `impl Display` " #~ "type. If we used a single `T: Display`, it would enforce the constraint " #~ "that input `T` and return `T` type are the same type. It would not work " #~ "for this particular function, as the type we expect as input is likely " #~ "not what `format!` returns. If we wanted to do the same via `: Display` " #~ "syntax, we'd need two independent generic parameters." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Acest exemplu este grozav, pentru că folosește `impl Display` de două " #~ "ori. Ajută la explicarea faptului că nimic aici nu impune că este vorba " #~ "de același tip `impl Display`. Dacă am folosi un singur `T: Display`, am " #~ "impune constrângerea că tipul `T` de intrare și tipul `T` de retur sunt " #~ "de același tip. Acest lucru nu ar funcționa pentru această funcție " #~ "particulară, deoarece tipul pe care îl așteptăm ca intrare nu este " #~ "probabil cel pe care `format!` îl returnează. Dacă am dori să facem " #~ "același lucru prin `: Display`, am avea nevoie de doi parametri generici " #~ "independenți." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "We will now look at some of the most common traits of the Rust standard " #~ "library:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Vom examina acum unele dintre cele mai comune trăsături ale bibliotecii " #~ "standard Rust:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "[`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html) and " #~ "[`IntoIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.IntoIterator." #~ "html) used in `for` loops," #~ msgstr "" #~ "[`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html) și " #~ "[`IntoIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.IntoIterator." #~ "html) utilizate în buclele `for`," #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "[`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html) and " #~ "[`Into`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) used to " #~ "convert values," #~ msgstr "" #~ "[`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html) și " #~ "[`Into`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) utilizate " #~ "pentru a converti valorile," #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "[`Read`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Read.html) and [`Write`]" #~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Write.html) used for IO," #~ msgstr "" #~ "[`Read`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Read.html) și [`Write`]" #~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Write.html) utilizate pentru IO," #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "[`Add`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Add.html), [`Mul`]" #~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Mul.html), ... used for operator " #~ "overloading, and" #~ msgstr "" #~ "[`Add`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Add.html), [`Mul`]" #~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Mul.html), ... utilizate pentru " #~ "supraîncărcarea operatorilor, și" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "[`Default`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/default/trait.Default.html) " #~ "used to construct a default instance of a type." #~ msgstr "" #~ "[`Default`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/default/trait.Default.html) " #~ "utilizat pentru a construi o instanță implicită a unui tip." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "struct Fibonacci {\n" #~ " curr: u32,\n" #~ " next: u32,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Iterator for Fibonacci {\n" #~ " type Item = u32;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn next(&mut self) -> Option {\n" #~ " let new_next = self.curr + self.next;\n" #~ " self.curr = self.next;\n" #~ " self.next = new_next;\n" #~ " Some(self.curr)\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let fib = Fibonacci { curr: 0, next: 1 };\n" #~ " for (i, n) in fib.enumerate().take(5) {\n" #~ " println!(\"fib({i}): {n}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "struct Fibonacci {\n" #~ " curr: u32,\n" #~ " next: u32,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Iterator pentru Fibonacci {\n" #~ " type Item = u32;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn next(&mut self) -> Option {\n" #~ " let new_next = self.curr + self.next;\n" #~ " self.curr = self.next;\n" #~ " self.next = new_next;\n" #~ " Some(self.curr)\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let fib = Fibonacci { curr: 0, next: 1 };\n" #~ " for (i, n) in fib.enumerate().take(5) {\n" #~ " println!(\"fib({i}): {n}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let primes = vec![2, 3, 5, 7];\n" #~ " let prime_squares = primes\n" #~ " .into_iter()\n" #~ " .map(|prime| prime * prime)\n" #~ " .collect::>();\n" #~ " println!(\"prime_squares: {prime_squares:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let prime = vec![2, 3, 5, 7];\n" #~ " let prime_squares = prime\n" #~ " .into_iter()\n" #~ " .map(|prime| prime| prime * prime)\n" #~ " .collect::>>();\n" #~ " println!(\"prime_squares: {prime_squares:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "`Iterator` implements `fn collect(self) -> B where B: " #~ "FromIterator, Self: Sized`" #~ msgstr "" #~ "`Iterator` implementează `fn collect(self) -> B unde B: " #~ "FromIterator, Self: Sized`" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let s = String::from(\"hello\");\n" #~ " let addr = std::net::Ipv4Addr::from([127, 0, 0, 1]);\n" #~ " let one = i16::from(true);\n" #~ " let bigger = i32::from(123i16);\n" #~ " println!(\"{s}, {addr}, {one}, {bigger}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let s = String::from(\"hello\");\n" #~ " let addr = std::net::Ipv4Addr::from([127, 0, 0, 0, 1]);\n" #~ " let one = i16::from(true);\n" #~ " let bigger = i32::from(123i16);\n" #~ " println!(\"{s}, {s}, {addr}, {one}, {bigger}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let s: String = \"hello\".into();\n" #~ " let addr: std::net::Ipv4Addr = [127, 0, 0, 1].into();\n" #~ " let one: i16 = true.into();\n" #~ " let bigger: i32 = 123i16.into();\n" #~ " println!(\"{s}, {addr}, {one}, {bigger}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let s: String = \"hello\".into();\n" #~ " let addr: std::net::Ipv4Addr = [127, 0, 0, 0, 1].into();\n" #~ " let one: i16 = true.into();\n" #~ " let bigger: i32 = 123i16.into();\n" #~ " println!(\"{s}, {s}, {addr}, {one}, {bigger}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "use std::io::{BufRead, BufReader, Read, Result};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn count_lines(reader: R) -> usize {\n" #~ " let buf_reader = BufReader::new(reader);\n" #~ " buf_reader.lines().count()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() -> Result<()> {\n" #~ " let slice: &[u8] = b\"foo\\nbar\\nbaz\\n\";\n" #~ " println!(\"lines in slice: {}\", count_lines(slice));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let file = std::fs::File::open(std::env::current_exe()?)?;\n" #~ " println!(\"lines in file: {}\", count_lines(file));\n" #~ " Ok(())\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "use std::io::{BufRead, BufReader, Read, Result};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn count_lines(reader: R) -> usize {\n" #~ " let buf_reader = BufReader::new(reader);\n" #~ " buf_reader.lines().count()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() -> Result<()> {\n" #~ " let slice: &[u8] = b \"foo\\nbarn\\nbaz\\n\";\n" #~ " println!(\"lines in slice: {}\", count_lines(slice));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let file = std::fs::File::open(std::env::current_exe()?)?)?;\n" #~ " println!(\"lines in file: {}\", count_lines(file));\n" #~ " Ok((())\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "use std::io::{Result, Write};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn log(writer: &mut W, msg: &str) -> Result<()> {\n" #~ " writer.write_all(msg.as_bytes())?;\n" #~ " writer.write_all(\"\\n\".as_bytes())\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() -> Result<()> {\n" #~ " let mut buffer = Vec::new();\n" #~ " log(&mut buffer, \"Hello\")?;\n" #~ " log(&mut buffer, \"World\")?;\n" #~ " println!(\"Logged: {:?}\", buffer);\n" #~ " Ok(())\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "use std::io::{Result, Write};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn log(writer: &mut W, msg: &str) -> Result<()> {\n" #~ " writer.write_all(msg.as_bytes())?;\n" #~ " writer.write_all(\"\\n\".as_bytes())\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() -> Rezultat<()> {\n" #~ " let mut buffer = Vec::new();\n" #~ " log(&mut buffer, \"Hello\")?;\n" #~ " log(&mut buffer, \"World\")?;\n" #~ " println!(\"Logged: {:?}\", buffer);\n" #~ " Ok((())\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "struct Droppable {\n" #~ " name: &'static str,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Drop for Droppable {\n" #~ " fn drop(&mut self) {\n" #~ " println!(\"Dropping {}\", self.name);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let a = Droppable { name: \"a\" };\n" #~ " {\n" #~ " let b = Droppable { name: \"b\" };\n" #~ " {\n" #~ " let c = Droppable { name: \"c\" };\n" #~ " let d = Droppable { name: \"d\" };\n" #~ " println!(\"Exiting block B\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " println!(\"Exiting block A\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " drop(a);\n" #~ " println!(\"Exiting main\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "struct Droppable {\n" #~ " name: &'static str,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Drop pentru Droppable {\n" #~ " fn drop(&mut self) {\n" #~ " println!(\"Dropping {}\", self.name);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let a = Droppable { name: \"a\" };\n" #~ " {\n" #~ " let b = Droppable { name: \"b\" };\n" #~ " {\n" #~ " let c = Droppable { name: \"c\" };\n" #~ " let d = Droppable { name: \"d\" };\n" #~ " println!(\"Ieșire din blocul B\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " println!(\"Ieșire din blocul A\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " drop(a);\n" #~ " println!(\"Ieșire din main\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug, Default)]\n" #~ "struct Derived {\n" #~ " x: u32,\n" #~ " y: String,\n" #~ " z: Implemented,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Implemented(String);\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Default for Implemented {\n" #~ " fn default() -> Self {\n" #~ " Self(\"John Smith\".into())\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let default_struct = Derived::default();\n" #~ " println!(\"{default_struct:#?}\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let almost_default_struct = Derived {\n" #~ " y: \"Y is set!\".into(),\n" #~ " ..Derived::default()\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " println!(\"{almost_default_struct:#?}\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let nothing: Option = None;\n" #~ " println!(\"{:#?}\", nothing.unwrap_or_default());\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug, Default)]\n" #~ "struct Derived {\n" #~ " x: u32,\n" #~ " y: String,\n" #~ " z: implementat,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Implemented(String);\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Default pentru Implemented {\n" #~ " fn default() -> Self {\n" #~ " Self(\"John Smith\".into())\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let default_struct = Derived::default();\n" #~ " println!(\"{default_struct:#?}\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let almost_default_struct = Derived {\n" #~ " y: \"Y este setat!\".into(),\n" #~ " ..Derived::default()\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " println!(\"{almost_default_struct:#?}\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let nothing: Option = None;\n" #~ " println!(\"{:#?}\", nothing.unwrap_or_default());\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "`Add`, `Mul`, ..." #~ msgstr "`Add`, `Mul`, ..." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone)]\n" #~ "struct Point { x: i32, y: i32 }\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl std::ops::Add for Point {\n" #~ " type Output = Self;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn add(self, other: Self) -> Self {\n" #~ " Self {x: self.x + other.x, y: self.y + other.y}\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let p1 = Point { x: 10, y: 20 };\n" #~ " let p2 = Point { x: 100, y: 200 };\n" #~ " println!(\"{:?} + {:?} = {:?}\", p1, p2, p1 + p2);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone)]]\n" #~ "struct Point { x: i32, y: i32 }\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl std::ops::Add for Point {\n" #~ " type Output = Self;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn add(self, other: Self) -> Self {\n" #~ " Self {x: self.x + other.x, y: self.y + other.y}\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let p1 = Point { x: 10, y: 20 };\n" #~ " let p2 = Point { x: 100, y: 200 };\n" #~ " println!(\"{:?} + {:?} = {:?}\", p1, p2, p1 + p2);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn apply_with_log(func: impl FnOnce(i32) -> i32, input: i32) -> i32 {\n" #~ " println!(\"Calling function on {input}\");\n" #~ " func(input)\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let add_3 = |x| x + 3;\n" #~ " println!(\"add_3: {}\", apply_with_log(add_3, 10));\n" #~ " println!(\"add_3: {}\", apply_with_log(add_3, 20));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut v = Vec::new();\n" #~ " let mut accumulate = |x: i32| {\n" #~ " v.push(x);\n" #~ " v.iter().sum::()\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " println!(\"accumulate: {}\", apply_with_log(&mut accumulate, 4));\n" #~ " println!(\"accumulate: {}\", apply_with_log(&mut accumulate, 5));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let multiply_sum = |x| x * v.into_iter().sum::();\n" #~ " println!(\"multiply_sum: {}\", apply_with_log(multiply_sum, 3));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "fn apply_with_log(func: impl FnOnce(i32) -> i32, input: i32) -> i32 " #~ "{\n" #~ " println!(\"Apelarea funcției pe {input}\");\n" #~ " func(input)\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let add_3 = |x| x + 3;\n" #~ " println!(\"add_3: {}\", apply_with_log(add_3, 10));\n" #~ " println!(\"add_3: {}\", apply_with_log(add_3, 20));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut v = Vec::new();\n" #~ " let mut accumulate = |x: i32| {\n" #~ " v.push(x);\n" #~ " v.iter().sum::()\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " println!(\"accumulate: {}\", apply_with_log(&mut accumulate, " #~ "4));\n" #~ " println!(\"accumulate: {}\", apply_with_log(&mut accumulate, " #~ "5));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let multiply_sum = |x| x * v.into_iter().sum:::();\n" #~ " println!(\"multiply_sum: {}\", apply_with_log(multiply_sum, 3));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn make_greeter(prefix: String) -> impl Fn(&str) {\n" #~ " return move |name| println!(\"{} {}\", prefix, name)\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let hi = make_greeter(\"Hi\".to_string());\n" #~ " hi(\"there\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "fn make_greeter(prefix: String) -> impl Fn(&str) {\n" #~ " return move |name| println!(\"{} {}\", prefix, name)\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let hi = make_greeter(\"Hi\".to_string());\n" #~ " hi(\"acolo\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Day 3: Morning Exercises" #~ msgstr "Ziua 3: Exerciții de dimineață" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "We will design a classical GUI library using traits and trait objects." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Vom proiecta o bibliotecă GUI clasică folosind trăsături și obiecte de " #~ "trăsături." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "We will also look at enum dispatch with an exercise involving points and " #~ "polygons." #~ msgstr "" #~ "De asemenea, vom examina dispecerizarea enum cu un exercițiu care implică " #~ "puncte și poligoane." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Drawing A Simple GUI" #~ msgstr "Desenarea unei interfețe grafice simple" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Let us design a classical GUI library using our new knowledge of traits " #~ "and trait objects. We'll only implement the drawing of it (as text) for " #~ "simplicity." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Să proiectăm o bibliotecă GUI clasică folosind noile noastre cunoștințe " #~ "despre trăsături și obiecte de trăsături. Pentru simplificare, vom " #~ "implementa doar desenul (sub formă de text)." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "We will have a number of widgets in our library:" #~ msgstr "Vom avea un număr de widget-uri în biblioteca noastră:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "`Window`: has a `title` and contains other widgets." #~ msgstr "`Window`: are un `titlu` și conține alte widget-uri." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "`Button`: has a `label`. In reality, it would also take a callback " #~ "function to allow the program to do something when the button is clicked " #~ "but we won't include that since we're only drawing the GUI." #~ msgstr "" #~ "`Button`: are o `label`. În realitate, ar trebui să aibă și o funcție de " #~ "apelare pentru a permite programului să facă ceva atunci când butonul " #~ "este apăsat, dar nu o vom include, deoarece desenăm doar interfața " #~ "grafică." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "`Label`: has a `label`." #~ msgstr "`Label`: are un `label`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "The widgets will implement a `Widget` trait, see below." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Widget-urile vor implementa o trăsătură `Widget`, a se vedea mai jos." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Copy the code below to , fill in the missing " #~ "`draw_into` methods so that you implement the `Widget` trait:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Copiați codul de mai jos în , completați " #~ "metodele `draw_into` care lipsesc, astfel încât să implementați trăsătura " #~ "`Widget`:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,should_panic\n" #~ "// TODO: remove this when you're done with your implementation.\n" #~ "#![allow(unused_imports, unused_variables, dead_code)]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub trait Widget {\n" #~ " /// Natural width of `self`.\n" #~ " fn width(&self) -> usize;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// Draw the widget into a buffer.\n" #~ " fn draw_into(&self, buffer: &mut dyn std::fmt::Write);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// Draw the widget on standard output.\n" #~ " fn draw(&self) {\n" #~ " let mut buffer = String::new();\n" #~ " self.draw_into(&mut buffer);\n" #~ " println!(\"{buffer}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub struct Label {\n" #~ " label: String,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Label {\n" #~ " fn new(label: &str) -> Label {\n" #~ " Label {\n" #~ " label: label.to_owned(),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub struct Button {\n" #~ " label: Label,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Button {\n" #~ " fn new(label: &str) -> Button {\n" #~ " Button {\n" #~ " label: Label::new(label),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub struct Window {\n" #~ " title: String,\n" #~ " widgets: Vec>,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Window {\n" #~ " fn new(title: &str) -> Window {\n" #~ " Window {\n" #~ " title: title.to_owned(),\n" #~ " widgets: Vec::new(),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn add_widget(&mut self, widget: Box) {\n" #~ " self.widgets.push(widget);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn inner_width(&self) -> usize {\n" #~ " std::cmp::max(\n" #~ " self.title.chars().count(),\n" #~ " self.widgets.iter().map(|w| w.width()).max().unwrap_or(0),\n" #~ " )\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Widget for Label {\n" #~ " fn width(&self) -> usize {\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn draw_into(&self, buffer: &mut dyn std::fmt::Write) {\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Widget for Button {\n" #~ " fn width(&self) -> usize {\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn draw_into(&self, buffer: &mut dyn std::fmt::Write) {\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Widget for Window {\n" #~ " fn width(&self) -> usize {\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn draw_into(&self, buffer: &mut dyn std::fmt::Write) {\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut window = Window::new(\"Rust GUI Demo 1.23\");\n" #~ " window.add_widget(Box::new(Label::new(\"This is a small text GUI demo." #~ "\")));\n" #~ " window.add_widget(Box::new(Button::new(\n" #~ " \"Click me!\"\n" #~ " )));\n" #~ " window.draw();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,should_panic\n" #~ "// TODO: eliminați acest lucru atunci când ați terminat cu " #~ "implementarea.\n" #~ "#![allow(unused_imports, unused_variables, dead_code)]]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub trait Widget {\n" #~ " /// Lățimea naturală a lui `self`.\n" #~ " fn width(&self) -> usize;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// Desenează widget-ul într-un buffer.\n" #~ " fn draw_into(&self, buffer: &mut dyn std::fmt::Write);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// Desenează widget-ul pe ieșirea standard.\n" #~ " fn draw(&self) {\n" #~ " let mut buffer = String::new();\n" #~ " self.draw_into(&mut buffer);\n" #~ " println!(\"{buffer}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub struct Label {\n" #~ " label: String,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Label {\n" #~ " fn new(label: &str) -> Label {\n" #~ " Etichetă {\n" #~ " label: label.to_owned(),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub struct Button {\n" #~ " label: Label,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Button {\n" #~ " fn new(label: &str) -> Button {\n" #~ " Button {\n" #~ " label: Label::new(label),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub struct Window {\n" #~ " title: String,\n" #~ " widgets: Vec<Box>,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Window {\n" #~ " fn new(title: &str) -> Window {\n" #~ " Window {\n" #~ " title: title.to_owned(),\n" #~ " widgets: Vec::new(),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn add_widget(&mut self, widget: Box) {\n" #~ " self.widgets.push(widget);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn inner_width(&self) -> usize {\n" #~ " std::cmp::max(\n" #~ " self.title.chars().count(),\n" #~ " self.widgets.iter().map(|w| w.width()).max().unwrap_or(0),\n" #~ " )\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Widget pentru etichetă {\n" #~ " fn width(&self) -> usize {\n" #~ " neimplementat!()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn draw_into(&self, buffer: &mut dyn std::fmt::Write) {\n" #~ " neimplementat!()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Widget pentru Button {\n" #~ " fn width(&self) -> usize {\n" #~ " neimplementat!()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn draw_into(&self, buffer: &mut dyn std::fmt::Write) {\n" #~ " neimplementat!()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Widget pentru Window {\n" #~ " fn width(&self) -> usize {\n" #~ " neimplementat!()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn draw_into(&self, buffer: &mut dyn std::fmt::Write) {\n" #~ " neimplementat!()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut window = Window::new(\"Rust GUI Demo 1.23\");\n" #~ " window.add_widget(Box::new(Label::new(\"Aceasta este o mică " #~ "demonstrație GUI de text.\")));\n" #~ " window.add_widget(Box::new(Button::new(:new(\n" #~ " \"Faceți clic pe mine!\"\n" #~ " )));\n" #~ " window.draw();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "The output of the above program can be something simple like this:" #~ msgstr "Rezultatul programului de mai sus poate fi ceva simplu, cum ar fi:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "If you want to draw aligned text, you can use the [fill/alignment]" #~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/index.html#fillalignment) formatting " #~ "operators. In particular, notice how you can pad with different " #~ "characters (here a `'/'`) and how you can control alignment:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Dacă doriți să desenați text aliniat, puteți utiliza operatorii de " #~ "formatare [fill/alignment](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/index." #~ "html#fillalignment). În special, observați cum puteți umple cu diferite " #~ "caractere (aici un `'/'`) și cum puteți controla alinierea:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let width = 10;\n" #~ " println!(\"left aligned: |{:/width$}|\", \"foo\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let width = 10;\n" #~ " println!(\"aliniat la stânga: |{:/width$}|\", \"foo\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Using such alignment tricks, you can for example produce output like this:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Folosind astfel de trucuri de aliniere, puteți, de exemplu, să produceți " #~ "rezultate de genul acesta:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Polygon Struct" #~ msgstr "Structură poligonală" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "We will create a `Polygon` struct which contain some points. Copy the " #~ "code below to and fill in the missing " #~ "methods to make the tests pass:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Vom crea o structură `Polygon` care conține câteva puncte. Copiați codul " #~ "de mai jos în și completați metodele care " #~ "lipsesc pentru a face testele să treacă:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "// TODO: remove this when you're done with your implementation.\n" #~ "#![allow(unused_variables, dead_code)]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub struct Point {\n" #~ " // add fields\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Point {\n" #~ " // add methods\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub struct Polygon {\n" #~ " // add fields\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Polygon {\n" #~ " // add methods\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub struct Circle {\n" #~ " // add fields\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Circle {\n" #~ " // add methods\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub enum Shape {\n" #~ " Polygon(Polygon),\n" #~ " Circle(Circle),\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[cfg(test)]\n" #~ "mod tests {\n" #~ " use super::*;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn round_two_digits(x: f64) -> f64 {\n" #~ " (x * 100.0).round() / 100.0\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " #[test]\n" #~ " fn test_point_magnitude() {\n" #~ " let p1 = Point::new(12, 13);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(round_two_digits(p1.magnitude()), 17.69);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " #[test]\n" #~ " fn test_point_dist() {\n" #~ " let p1 = Point::new(10, 10);\n" #~ " let p2 = Point::new(14, 13);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(round_two_digits(p1.dist(p2)), 5.00);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " #[test]\n" #~ " fn test_point_add() {\n" #~ " let p1 = Point::new(16, 16);\n" #~ " let p2 = p1 + Point::new(-4, 3);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(p2, Point::new(12, 19));\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " #[test]\n" #~ " fn test_polygon_left_most_point() {\n" #~ " let p1 = Point::new(12, 13);\n" #~ " let p2 = Point::new(16, 16);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut poly = Polygon::new();\n" #~ " poly.add_point(p1);\n" #~ " poly.add_point(p2);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(poly.left_most_point(), Some(p1));\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " #[test]\n" #~ " fn test_polygon_iter() {\n" #~ " let p1 = Point::new(12, 13);\n" #~ " let p2 = Point::new(16, 16);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut poly = Polygon::new();\n" #~ " poly.add_point(p1);\n" #~ " poly.add_point(p2);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let points = poly.iter().cloned().collect::>();\n" #~ " assert_eq!(points, vec![Point::new(12, 13), Point::new(16, " #~ "16)]);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " #[test]\n" #~ " fn test_shape_perimeters() {\n" #~ " let mut poly = Polygon::new();\n" #~ " poly.add_point(Point::new(12, 13));\n" #~ " poly.add_point(Point::new(17, 11));\n" #~ " poly.add_point(Point::new(16, 16));\n" #~ " let shapes = vec![\n" #~ " Shape::from(poly),\n" #~ " Shape::from(Circle::new(Point::new(10, 20), 5)),\n" #~ " ];\n" #~ " let perimeters = shapes\n" #~ " .iter()\n" #~ " .map(Shape::perimeter)\n" #~ " .map(round_two_digits)\n" #~ " .collect::>();\n" #~ " assert_eq!(perimeters, vec![15.48, 31.42]);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[allow(dead_code)]\n" #~ "fn main() {}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "// TODO: eliminați acest lucru atunci când ați terminat cu " #~ "implementarea.\n" #~ "#![allow(unused_variables, dead_code)]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub struct Struct Point {\n" #~ " // adaugă câmpuri\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Point {\n" #~ " // adaugă metode\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub struct struct Polygon {\n" #~ " // adaugă câmpuri\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Polygon {\n" #~ " // adaugă metode\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub struct Circle {\n" #~ " // adaugă câmpuri\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Circle {\n" #~ " // adaugă metode\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub enum Shape {\n" #~ " Polygon(Polygon),\n" #~ " Circle(Circle),\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[cfg(test)]\n" #~ "mod tests {\n" #~ " use super::*;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn round_two_digits(x: f64) -> f64 {\n" #~ " (x * 100.0).round() / 100.0\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " #[test]\n" #~ " fn test_punct_magnitude() {\n" #~ " let p1 = Point::new(12, 13);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(round_two_digits(p1.magnitude())), 17.69);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " #[test]\n" #~ " fn test_punct_dist() {\n" #~ " let p1 = Point::new(10, 10);\n" #~ " let p2 = Point::new(14, 13);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(round_two_digits(p1.dist(p2))), 5.00);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " #[test]\n" #~ " fn test_punct_add() {\n" #~ " let p1 = Point::new(16, 16);\n" #~ " let p2 = p1 + Point::new(-4, 3);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(p2, Point::new(12, 19));\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " #[test]\n" #~ " fn test_poligon_poligon_punctul_cel_mai_stânga() {\n" #~ " let p1 = Point::new(12, 13);\n" #~ " let p2 = Point::new(16, 16);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut poly = Polygon::new();\n" #~ " poly.add_point(p1);\n" #~ " poly.add_point(p2);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(poly.left_most_point(), Some(p1));\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " #[test]\n" #~ " fn test_polygon_iter() {\n" #~ " let p1 = Point::new(12, 13);\n" #~ " let p2 = Point::new(16, 16);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut poly = Polygon::new();\n" #~ " poly.add_point(p1);\n" #~ " poly.add_point(p2);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let points = poly.iter().cloned().collect::>>();\n" #~ " assert_eq!(points, vec![Point::new(12, 13), Point::new(16, " #~ "16)]);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " #[test]\n" #~ " fn test_shape_perimeters() {\n" #~ " let mut poly = Polygon::new();\n" #~ " poly.add_point(Point::new(12, 13));\n" #~ " poly.add_point(Point::new(17, 11));\n" #~ " poly.add_point(Point::new(16, 16));\n" #~ " let shapes = vec![\n" #~ " Shape::from(poly),\n" #~ " Shape::from(Circle::new(Point::new(10, 20), 5)),\n" #~ " ];\n" #~ " let perimeters = shapes\n" #~ " .iter()\n" #~ " .map(Shape::perimetru)\n" #~ " .map(round_two_digits)\n" #~ " .collect::>>();\n" #~ " assert_eq!(perimeters, vec![15.48, 31.42]);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[allow(dead_code)]\n" #~ "fn main() {}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Since the method signatures are missing from the problem statements, the " #~ "key part of the exercise is to specify those correctly. You don't have to " #~ "modify the tests." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Deoarece semnăturile metodelor lipsesc din enunțurile problemei, partea " #~ "esențială a exercițiului este de a le specifica corect. Nu trebuie să " #~ "modificați testele." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Other interesting parts of the exercise:" #~ msgstr "Alte părți interesante ale exercițiului:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Derive a `Copy` trait for some structs, as in tests the methods sometimes " #~ "don't borrow their arguments." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Derivați o trăsătură `Copy` pentru unele structuri, deoarece în teste " #~ "metodele uneori nu-și împrumută argumentele." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Discover that `Add` trait must be implemented for two objects to be " #~ "addable via \"+\". Note that we do not discuss generics until Day 3." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Descoperiți că trăsătura `Add` trebuie să fie implementată pentru ca două " #~ "obiecte să poată fi adăugate prin \"+\". Rețineți că nu vom discuta " #~ "despre generice până în ziua 3." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Error handling in Rust is done using explicit control flow:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Gestionarea erorilor în Rust se face folosind un flux de control explicit:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Functions that can have errors list this in their return type," #~ msgstr "" #~ "Funcțiile care pot avea erori indică acest lucru în tipul lor de " #~ "returnare," #, fuzzy #~ msgid "There are no exceptions." #~ msgstr "Nu există excepții." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,should_panic\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let v = vec![10, 20, 30];\n" #~ " println!(\"v[100]: {}\", v[100]);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil,should_panic\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let v = vec![10, 20, 30];\n" #~ " println!(\"v[100]: {}\", v[100]);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Catching the Stack Unwinding" #~ msgstr "Prinderea derulării stivei" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "use std::panic;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let result = panic::catch_unwind(|| {\n" #~ " \"No problem here!\"\n" #~ " });\n" #~ " println!(\"{result:?}\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let result = panic::catch_unwind(|| {\n" #~ " panic!(\"oh no!\");\n" #~ " });\n" #~ " println!(\"{result:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "folosiți std::panic;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let result = panic::catch_unwind(|| {| {\n" #~ " \"Nicio problemă aici!\"\n" #~ " });\n" #~ " println!(\"{result:?}\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let result = panic::catch_unwind(|| {| {\n" #~ " panic!(\"oh nu!\");\n" #~ " });\n" #~ " println!(\"{result:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "We have already seen the `Result` enum. This is used pervasively when " #~ "errors are expected as part of normal operation:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Am văzut deja enum-ul `Result`. Acesta este utilizat în mod omniprezent " #~ "atunci când se așteaptă erori ca parte a funcționării normale:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "use std::fs;\n" #~ "use std::io::Read;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let file = fs::File::open(\"diary.txt\");\n" #~ " match file {\n" #~ " Ok(mut file) => {\n" #~ " let mut contents = String::new();\n" #~ " file.read_to_string(&mut contents);\n" #~ " println!(\"Dear diary: {contents}\");\n" #~ " },\n" #~ " Err(err) => {\n" #~ " println!(\"The diary could not be opened: {err}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "folosiți std::fs;\n" #~ "use std::io::Read;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let file = fs::File::open(\"jurnal.txt\");\n" #~ " match file {\n" #~ " Ok(mut file) => {\n" #~ " let mut contents = String::new();\n" #~ " file.read_to_string(&mut contents);\n" #~ " println!(\"Dragă jurnal: {contents}\");\n" #~ " },\n" #~ " Err(err) => {\n" #~ " printlnn!(\"Jurnalul nu a putut fi deschis: {err}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Propagating Errors with `?`" #~ msgstr "Propagarea erorilor cu `?`" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The try-operator `?` is used to return errors to the caller. It lets you " #~ "turn the common" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Operatorul \"try\" `?` este utilizat pentru a returna erorile către " #~ "apelant. Acesta vă permite să transformați opțiunea comună" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "use std::{fs, io};\n" #~ "use std::io::Read;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn read_username(path: &str) -> Result {\n" #~ " let username_file_result = fs::File::open(path);\n" #~ " let mut username_file = match username_file_result {\n" #~ " Ok(file) => file,\n" #~ " Err(err) => return Err(err),\n" #~ " };\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut username = String::new();\n" #~ " match username_file.read_to_string(&mut username) {\n" #~ " Ok(_) => Ok(username),\n" #~ " Err(err) => Err(err),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " //fs::write(\"config.dat\", \"alice\").unwrap();\n" #~ " let username = read_username(\"config.dat\");\n" #~ " println!(\"username or error: {username:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "folosește std::{fs, io};\n" #~ "use std::io::Read;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn read_username(path: &str) -> Result {\n" #~ " let nume_utilizator_fișier_rezultat = fs::File::open(path);\n" #~ " let mut username_file = match username_file_result {\n" #~ " Ok(file) => file,\n" #~ " Err(err) => return Err(err),\n" #~ " };\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut mut username = String::new();\n" #~ " match nume_utilizator_fișier.read_to_string(&mut nume_utilizator) {\n" #~ " Ok(_) => Ok(nume utilizator),\n" #~ " Err(err) => Err(err),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " //fs::write(\"config.dat\", \"alice\").unwrap();\n" #~ " let username = read_username(\"config.dat\");\n" #~ " println!(\"username sau eroare: {username:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The return type of the function has to be compatible with the nested " #~ "functions it calls. For instance, a function returning a `Result` " #~ "can only apply the `?` operator on a function returning a `Result`. It cannot apply the `?` operator on a function returning an " #~ "`Option` or `Result` unless `OtherErr` implements " #~ "`From`. Reciprocally, a function returning an `Option` can only " #~ "apply the `?` operator on a function returning an `Option`." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Tipul de retur al funcției trebuie să fie compatibil cu funcțiile " #~ "imbricate pe care le apelează. De exemplu, o funcție care returnează un " #~ "`Result` poate aplica operatorul `?` numai unei funcții care " #~ "returnează un `Result`. Nu poate aplica operatorul `?` unei " #~ "funcții care returnează o `Opțiune` sau un `Rezultat`, " #~ "cu excepția cazului în care `OtherErr` implementează `From`. În mod " #~ "reciproc, o funcție care returnează o `Option` poate aplica operatorul " #~ "`?` doar unei funcții care returnează o `Option`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "You can convert incompatible types into one another with the different " #~ "`Option` and `Result` methods such as `Option::ok_or`, `Result::ok`, " #~ "`Result::err`." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Puteți converti tipuri incompatibile între ele cu ajutorul diferitelor " #~ "metode `Option` și `Result`, cum ar fi `Option::ok_or`, `Result::ok`, " #~ "`Result::err`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "use std::error::Error;\n" #~ "use std::fmt::{self, Display, Formatter};\n" #~ "use std::fs::{self, File};\n" #~ "use std::io::{self, Read};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "enum ReadUsernameError {\n" #~ " IoError(io::Error),\n" #~ " EmptyUsername(String),\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Error for ReadUsernameError {}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Display for ReadUsernameError {\n" #~ " fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter) -> fmt::Result {\n" #~ " match self {\n" #~ " Self::IoError(e) => write!(f, \"IO error: {e}\"),\n" #~ " Self::EmptyUsername(filename) => write!(f, \"Found no " #~ "username in {filename}\"),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl From for ReadUsernameError {\n" #~ " fn from(err: io::Error) -> ReadUsernameError {\n" #~ " ReadUsernameError::IoError(err)\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn read_username(path: &str) -> Result {\n" #~ " let mut username = String::with_capacity(100);\n" #~ " File::open(path)?.read_to_string(&mut username)?;\n" #~ " if username.is_empty() {\n" #~ " return Err(ReadUsernameError::EmptyUsername(String::" #~ "from(path)));\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " Ok(username)\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " //fs::write(\"config.dat\", \"\").unwrap();\n" #~ " let username = read_username(\"config.dat\");\n" #~ " println!(\"username or error: {username:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "use std::error::Error;\n" #~ "use std::fmt::{self, Display, Formatter};\n" #~ "use std::fs::{self, File};\n" #~ "use std::io::{self, Read};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "enum ReadUsernameError {\n" #~ " IoError(io::Error),\n" #~ " EmptyUsername(String),\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Error pentru ReadUsernameError {}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Display pentru ReadUsernameError {\n" #~ " fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter) -> fmt::Result {\n" #~ " match self {\n" #~ " Self::IoError(e) => write!(f, \"IO error: {e}\"),\n" #~ " Self::EmptyUsername(filename) => write!(f, \"Nu am găsit " #~ "niciun nume de utilizator în {filename}\"),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl De la pentru ReadUsernameError {\n" #~ " fn from(err: io::Error) -> ReadUsernameError {\n" #~ " ReadUsernameError::IoError(err)\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn read_username(path: &str) -> Result " #~ "{\n" #~ " let mut username = String::with_capacity(100);\n" #~ " File::open(path)?.read_to_string(&mut username)?;\n" #~ " if username.is_empty() {\n" #~ " return Err(ReadUsernameError::EmptyUsername(String::" #~ "from(path))));\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " Ok(nume utilizator)\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " //fs::write(\"config.dat\", \"\").unwrap();\n" #~ " let username = read_username(\"config.dat\");\n" #~ " println!(\"username sau eroare: {username:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "It is good practice for all error types that don't need to be `no_std` to " #~ "implement `std::error::Error`, which requires `Debug` and `Display`. The " #~ "`Error` crate for `core` is only available in [nightly](https://github." #~ "com/rust-lang/rust/issues/103765), so not fully `no_std` compatible yet." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Este o bună practică pentru toate tipurile de erori care nu trebuie să " #~ "fie `no_std` să implementeze `std::error::Error`, care necesită `Debug` " #~ "și `Display`. Crăiasa `Error` pentru `core` este disponibilă doar în " #~ "[nightly](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/103765), deci nu este " #~ "încă pe deplin compatibilă cu `no_std`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "It's generally helpful for them to implement `Clone` and `Eq` too where " #~ "possible, to make life easier for tests and consumers of your library. In " #~ "this case we can't easily do so, because `io::Error` doesn't implement " #~ "them." #~ msgstr "" #~ "În general, este util ca acestea să implementeze și `Clone` și `Eq`, " #~ "acolo unde este posibil, pentru a face viața mai ușoară pentru testele și " #~ "consumatorii bibliotecii dumneavoastră. În acest caz, nu putem face acest " #~ "lucru cu ușurință, deoarece `io::Error` nu le implementează." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "use std::{fs, io};\n" #~ "use std::io::Read;\n" #~ "use thiserror::Error;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug, Error)]\n" #~ "enum ReadUsernameError {\n" #~ " #[error(\"Could not read: {0}\")]\n" #~ " IoError(#[from] io::Error),\n" #~ " #[error(\"Found no username in {0}\")]\n" #~ " EmptyUsername(String),\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn read_username(path: &str) -> Result {\n" #~ " let mut username = String::new();\n" #~ " fs::File::open(path)?.read_to_string(&mut username)?;\n" #~ " if username.is_empty() {\n" #~ " return Err(ReadUsernameError::EmptyUsername(String::" #~ "from(path)));\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " Ok(username)\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " //fs::write(\"config.dat\", \"\").unwrap();\n" #~ " match read_username(\"config.dat\") {\n" #~ " Ok(username) => println!(\"Username: {username}\"),\n" #~ " Err(err) => println!(\"Error: {err}\"),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "use std::{fs, io};\n" #~ "use std::io::Read;\n" #~ "use thiserror::Error;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug, Error)]\n" #~ "enum ReadUsernameError {\n" #~ " #[error(\"Nu s-a putut citi: {0}\")]\n" #~ " IoError(#[din] io::Error),\n" #~ " #[error(\"Nu s-a găsit niciun nume de utilizator în {0}\")]]\n" #~ " EmptyUsername(String),\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn read_username(path: &str) -> Result {\n" #~ " let mut username = String::new();\n" #~ " fs::File::open(path)?.read_to_string(&mut username)?;\n" #~ " if username.is_empty() {\n" #~ " return Err(ReadUsernameError::EmptyUsername(String::" #~ "from(path))));\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " Ok(nume utilizator)\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " //fs::write(\"config.dat\", \"\").unwrap();\n" #~ " match read_username(\"config.dat\") {\n" #~ " Ok(nume utilizator) => println!(\"Nume utilizator: " #~ "{username}\"),\n" #~ " Err(err) => println!(\"Eroare: {err}\"),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "`thiserror`'s derive macro automatically implements `std::error::Error`, " #~ "and optionally `Display` (if the `#[error(...)]` attributes are provided) " #~ "and `From` (if the `#[from]` attribute is added). It also works for " #~ "structs." #~ msgstr "" #~ "macroul derive al lui `thiserror` implementează automat `std::error::" #~ "Error` și, opțional, `Display` (dacă sunt furnizate atributele " #~ "`#[error(...)]`) și `From` (dacă este adăugat atributul `#[from]`). " #~ "Funcționează, de asemenea, pentru structuri." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "It doesn't affect your public API, which makes it good for libraries." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Nu vă afectează API-ul public, ceea ce îl face bun pentru biblioteci." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "use std::fs;\n" #~ "use std::io::Read;\n" #~ "use thiserror::Error;\n" #~ "use std::error::Error;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, Error, PartialEq)]\n" #~ "#[error(\"Found no username in {0}\")]\n" #~ "struct EmptyUsernameError(String);\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn read_username(path: &str) -> Result> {\n" #~ " let mut username = String::new();\n" #~ " fs::File::open(path)?.read_to_string(&mut username)?;\n" #~ " if username.is_empty() {\n" #~ " return Err(EmptyUsernameError(String::from(path)).into());\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " Ok(username)\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " //fs::write(\"config.dat\", \"\").unwrap();\n" #~ " match read_username(\"config.dat\") {\n" #~ " Ok(username) => println!(\"Username: {username}\"),\n" #~ " Err(err) => println!(\"Error: {err}\"),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "folosiți std::fs;\n" #~ "use std::io::Read;\n" #~ "use thiserror::Error;\n" #~ "use std::error::Error;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, Error, PartialEq)]]\n" #~ "#[error(\"Nu am găsit niciun nume de utilizator în {0}\")]\n" #~ "struct EmptyUsernameError(String);\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn read_username(path: &str) -> Result<String, Box> {\n" #~ " let mut username = String::new();\n" #~ " fs::File::open(path)?.read_to_string(&mut username)?;\n" #~ " if username.is_empty() {\n" #~ " return Err(EmptyUsernameError(String::from(path)).into()));\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " Ok(nume utilizator)\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " //fs::write(\"config.dat\", \"\").unwrap();\n" #~ " match read_username(\"config.dat\") {\n" #~ " Ok(nume utilizator) => println!(\"Nume utilizator: " #~ "{username}\"),\n" #~ " Err(err) => println!(\"Eroare: {err}\"),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The widely used [anyhow](https://docs.rs/anyhow/) crate can help you add " #~ "contextual information to your errors and allows you to have fewer custom " #~ "error types:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Crăiasa [anyhow](https://docs.rs/anyhow/), utilizată pe scară largă, vă " #~ "poate ajuta să adăugați informații contextuale la erori și vă permite să " #~ "aveți mai puține tipuri de erori personalizate:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "use std::{fs, io};\n" #~ "use std::io::Read;\n" #~ "use anyhow::{Context, Result, bail};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn read_username(path: &str) -> Result {\n" #~ " let mut username = String::with_capacity(100);\n" #~ " fs::File::open(path)\n" #~ " .with_context(|| format!(\"Failed to open {path}\"))?\n" #~ " .read_to_string(&mut username)\n" #~ " .context(\"Failed to read\")?;\n" #~ " if username.is_empty() {\n" #~ " bail!(\"Found no username in {path}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " Ok(username)\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " //fs::write(\"config.dat\", \"\").unwrap();\n" #~ " match read_username(\"config.dat\") {\n" #~ " Ok(username) => println!(\"Username: {username}\"),\n" #~ " Err(err) => println!(\"Error: {err:?}\"),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "use std::{fs, io};\n" #~ "use std::io::Read;\n" #~ "use anyhow::{Context, Result, bail};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn read_username(path: &str) -> Result {\n" #~ " let mut username = String::with_capacity(100);\n" #~ " fs::File::open(path)\n" #~ " .with_context(|| format!(\"Failed to open {path}\")))??\n" #~ " .read_to_string(&mut username)\n" #~ " .context(\"Nu s-a reușit citirea\")?;\n" #~ " if username.is_empty() {\n" #~ " bail!(\"Nu s-a găsit niciun nume de utilizator în {path}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " Ok(username)\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " //fs::write(\"config.dat\", \"\").unwrap();\n" #~ " match read_username(\"config.dat\") {\n" #~ " Ok(nume utilizator) => println!(\"Nume utilizator: " #~ "{username}\"),\n" #~ " Err(err) => println!(\"Eroare: {err:?}\"),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Mark unit tests with `#[test]`:" #~ msgstr "Marcați testele unitare cu `#[test]`:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,ignore\n" #~ "fn first_word(text: &str) -> &str {\n" #~ " match text.find(' ') {\n" #~ " Some(idx) => &text[..idx],\n" #~ " None => &text,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_empty() {\n" #~ " assert_eq!(first_word(\"\"), \"\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_single_word() {\n" #~ " assert_eq!(first_word(\"Hello\"), \"Hello\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_multiple_words() {\n" #~ " assert_eq!(first_word(\"Hello World\"), \"Hello\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,ignore\n" #~ "fn first_word(text: &str) -> &str {\n" #~ " match text.find(' ' ') {\n" #~ " Some(idx) => &text[..idx],\n" #~ " None => &text,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_empty() {\n" #~ " assert_eq!(first_word(\"\"), \"\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_single_word() {\n" #~ " assert_eq!(first_word(\"Hello\"), \"Hello\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_multiple_words() {\n" #~ " assert_eq!(first_word(\"Hello World\"), \"Hello\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Use `cargo test` to find and run the unit tests." #~ msgstr "Utilizați `cargo test` pentru a găsi și a rula testele unitare." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Unit tests are often put in a nested module (run tests on the [Playground]" #~ "(https://play.rust-lang.org/)):" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Testele unitare sunt adesea plasate într-un modul imbricate (executați " #~ "testele pe [Playground](https://play.rust-lang.org/)):" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn helper(a: &str, b: &str) -> String {\n" #~ " format!(\"{a} {b}\")\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub fn main() {\n" #~ " println!(\"{}\", helper(\"Hello\", \"World\"));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[cfg(test)]\n" #~ "mod tests {\n" #~ " use super::*;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " #[test]\n" #~ " fn test_helper() {\n" #~ " assert_eq!(helper(\"foo\", \"bar\"), \"foo bar\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "fn helper(a: &str, b: &str) -> String {\n" #~ " format!(\"{a} {b}\")\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub fn main() {\n" #~ " println!(\"{}\", helper(\"Hello\", \"World\"));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[cfg(test)]\n" #~ "mod tests {\n" #~ " use super::*;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " #[test]\n" #~ " fn test_helper() {\n" #~ " assert_eq!(helper(\"foo\", \"bar\"), \"foo bar\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Useful crates for writing tests" #~ msgstr "Crates utile pentru scrierea de teste" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "static HELLO_WORLD: &str = \"Hello, world!\";\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " println!(\"HELLO_WORLD: {HELLO_WORLD}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "static HELLO_WORLD: &str = \"Hello, world!\";\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " println!(\"HELLO_WORLD: {HELLO_WORLD}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "static mut COUNTER: u32 = 0;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn add_to_counter(inc: u32) {\n" #~ " unsafe { COUNTER += inc; } // Potential data race!\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " add_to_counter(42);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " unsafe { println!(\"COUNTER: {COUNTER}\"); } // Potential data " #~ "race!\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "static mut COUNTER: u32 = 0;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn add_to_counter(inc: u32) {\n" #~ " unsafe { COUNTER += inc; } // Potențială cursă de date!\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " add_to_counter(42);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " unsafe { println!(\"COUNTER: {COUNTER}\"); } // Potențială cursă de " #~ "date!\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "#[repr(C)]\n" #~ "union MyUnion {\n" #~ " i: u8,\n" #~ " b: bool,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let u = MyUnion { i: 42 };\n" #~ " println!(\"int: {}\", unsafe { u.i });\n" #~ " println!(\"bool: {}\", unsafe { u.b }); // Undefined behavior!\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "#[repr(C)]\n" #~ "union MyUnion {\n" #~ " i: u8,\n" #~ " b: bool,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let u = MyUnion { i: 42 };\n" #~ " println!(\"int: {}\", unsafe { u.i });\n" #~ " printlnn!(\"bool: {}\", unsafe { u.b }); // Comportament nedefinit!\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let emojis = \"🗻∈🌏\";\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Safe because the indices are in the correct order, within the " #~ "bounds of\n" #~ " // the string slice, and lie on UTF-8 sequence boundaries.\n" #~ " unsafe {\n" #~ " println!(\"emoji: {}\", emojis.get_unchecked(0..4));\n" #~ " println!(\"emoji: {}\", emojis.get_unchecked(4..7));\n" #~ " println!(\"emoji: {}\", emojis.get_unchecked(7..11));\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"char count: {}\", count_chars(unsafe { emojis." #~ "get_unchecked(0..7) }));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Not upholding the UTF-8 encoding requirement breaks memory " #~ "safety!\n" #~ " // println!(\"emoji: {}\", unsafe { emojis.get_unchecked(0..3) });\n" #~ " // println!(\"char count: {}\", count_chars(unsafe { emojis." #~ "get_unchecked(0..3) }));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn count_chars(s: &str) -> usize {\n" #~ " s.chars().count()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let emojis = \"🗻∈🌏\";\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Sigur, deoarece indicii sunt în ordinea corectă, în limitele lui\n" #~ " // feliei de șir și se află pe limitele secvenței UTF-8.\n" #~ " unsafe {\n" #~ " println!(\"emoji: {}\", emojis.get_unchecked(0..4));\n" #~ " println!(\"emoji: {}\", emojis.get_unchecked(4..7));\n" #~ " println!(\"emoji: {}\", emojis.get_unchecked(7..11));\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " printlnn!(\"char count: {}\", count_chars(unsafe { emojis." #~ "get_unchecked(0..7) }));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Nerespectarea cerinței de codificare UTF-8 încalcă siguranța " #~ "memoriei!\n" #~ " // println!(\"emoji: {}\", unsafe { emojis.get_unchecked(0..3) });\n" #~ " // println!(\"char count: {}\", count_chars(unsafe { emojis." #~ "get_unchecked(0..3) }));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn count_chars(s: &str) -> usize {\n" #~ " s.chars().count()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "/// Swaps the values pointed to by the given pointers.\n" #~ "///\n" #~ "/// # Safety\n" #~ "///\n" #~ "/// The pointers must be valid and properly aligned.\n" #~ "unsafe fn swap(a: *mut u8, b: *mut u8) {\n" #~ " let temp = *a;\n" #~ " *a = *b;\n" #~ " *b = temp;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut a = 42;\n" #~ " let mut b = 66;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Safe because ...\n" #~ " unsafe {\n" #~ " swap(&mut a, &mut b);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"a = {}, b = {}\", a, b);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "/// Schimbă valorile indicate de indicatoarele date.\n" #~ "///\n" #~ "/// # Siguranță\n" #~ "///\n" #~ "/// Punctele trebuie să fie valide și aliniate corespunzător.\n" #~ "unsafe fn swap(a: *mut u8, b: *mut u8) {\n" #~ " let temp = *a;\n" #~ " *a = *b;\n" #~ " *b = temp;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut a = 42;\n" #~ " let mut b = 66;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Sigur, deoarece ...\n" #~ " unsafe {\n" #~ " swap(&mut a, &mut b);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"a = {}, b = {}\", a, b);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Calling External Code" #~ msgstr "Apelarea codului extern" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Functions from other languages might violate the guarantees of Rust. " #~ "Calling them is thus unsafe:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Funcțiile din alte limbaje ar putea încălca garanțiile Rust. Prin urmare, " #~ "apelarea acestora nu este sigură:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "extern \"C\" {\n" #~ " fn abs(input: i32) -> i32;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " unsafe {\n" #~ " // Undefined behavior if abs misbehaves.\n" #~ " println!(\"Absolute value of -3 according to C: {}\", abs(-3));\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "extern \"C\" {\n" #~ " fn abs(input: i32) -> i32;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " unsafe {\n" #~ " // Comportament nedefinit dacă abs se comportă greșit.\n" #~ " println!(\"Valoarea absolută a lui -3 conform C: {}\", abs(-3));\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "use std::mem::size_of_val;\n" #~ "use std::slice;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// ...\n" #~ "/// # Safety\n" #~ "/// The type must have a defined representation and no padding.\n" #~ "pub unsafe trait AsBytes {\n" #~ " fn as_bytes(&self) -> &[u8] {\n" #~ " unsafe {\n" #~ " slice::from_raw_parts(self as *const Self as *const u8, " #~ "size_of_val(self))\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// Safe because u32 has a defined representation and no padding.\n" #~ "unsafe impl AsBytes for u32 {}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "use std::mem::size_of_val;\n" #~ "use std::slice;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// ...\n" #~ "/// # Siguranță\n" #~ "/// Tipul trebuie să aibă o reprezentare definită și să nu aibă " #~ "umplutură.\n" #~ "pub unsafe trait AsBytes {\n" #~ " fn as_bytes(&self) -> &[u8] {\n" #~ " unsafe {\n" #~ " slice::from_raw_parts(self as *const Self as *const u8, " #~ "size_of_val(self))\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// Sigur, deoarece u32 are o reprezentare definită și nu are umplutură.\n" #~ "unsafe impl AsBytes pentru u32 {}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Day 3: Afternoon Exercises" #~ msgstr "Ziua 3: Exerciții după-amiaza" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Let us build a safe wrapper for reading directory content!" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Haideți să construim un înveliș sigur pentru citirea conținutului " #~ "directoarelor!" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "For this exercise, we suggest using a local dev environment instead of " #~ "the Playground. This will allow you to run your binary on your own " #~ "machine." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Pentru acest exercițiu, vă sugerăm să folosiți un mediu de dezvoltare " #~ "local în loc de Playground. Acest lucru vă va permite să rulați binarul " #~ "pe propria mașină." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "To get started, follow the [running locally](../../cargo/running-locally." #~ "md) instructions." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Pentru a începe, urmați instrucțiunile [running locally](../../cargo/" #~ "running-locally.md)." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "After looking at the exercise, you can look at the [solution](solutions-" #~ "afternoon.md) provided." #~ msgstr "" #~ "După ce ați studiat exercițiul, vă puteți uita la [soluție](solutions-" #~ "afternoon.md) oferită." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,should_panic\n" #~ "// TODO: remove this when you're done with your implementation.\n" #~ "#![allow(unused_imports, unused_variables, dead_code)]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "mod ffi {\n" #~ " use std::os::raw::{c_char, c_int};\n" #~ " #[cfg(not(target_os = \"macos\"))]\n" #~ " use std::os::raw::{c_long, c_ulong, c_ushort, c_uchar};\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Opaque type. See https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/ffi.html.\n" #~ " #[repr(C)]\n" #~ " pub struct DIR {\n" #~ " _data: [u8; 0],\n" #~ " _marker: core::marker::PhantomData<(*mut u8, core::marker::" #~ "PhantomPinned)>,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Layout according to the Linux man page for readdir(3), where ino_t " #~ "and\n" #~ " // off_t are resolved according to the definitions in\n" #~ " // /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/{sys/types.h, bits/typesizes.h}.\n" #~ " #[cfg(not(target_os = \"macos\"))]\n" #~ " #[repr(C)]\n" #~ " pub struct dirent {\n" #~ " pub d_ino: c_ulong,\n" #~ " pub d_off: c_long,\n" #~ " pub d_reclen: c_ushort,\n" #~ " pub d_type: c_uchar,\n" #~ " pub d_name: [c_char; 256],\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Layout according to the macOS man page for dir(5).\n" #~ " #[cfg(all(target_os = \"macos\"))]\n" #~ " #[repr(C)]\n" #~ " pub struct dirent {\n" #~ " pub d_fileno: u64,\n" #~ " pub d_seekoff: u64,\n" #~ " pub d_reclen: u16,\n" #~ " pub d_namlen: u16,\n" #~ " pub d_type: u8,\n" #~ " pub d_name: [c_char; 1024],\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " extern \"C\" {\n" #~ " pub fn opendir(s: *const c_char) -> *mut DIR;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " #[cfg(not(all(target_os = \"macos\", target_arch = " #~ "\"x86_64\")))]\n" #~ " pub fn readdir(s: *mut DIR) -> *const dirent;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // See https://github.com/rust-lang/libc/issues/414 and the " #~ "section on\n" #~ " // _DARWIN_FEATURE_64_BIT_INODE in the macOS man page for " #~ "stat(2).\n" #~ " //\n" #~ " // \"Platforms that existed before these updates were available\" " #~ "refers\n" #~ " // to macOS (as opposed to iOS / wearOS / etc.) on Intel and " #~ "PowerPC.\n" #~ " #[cfg(all(target_os = \"macos\", target_arch = \"x86_64\"))]\n" #~ " #[link_name = \"readdir$INODE64\"]\n" #~ " pub fn readdir(s: *mut DIR) -> *const dirent;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn closedir(s: *mut DIR) -> c_int;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use std::ffi::{CStr, CString, OsStr, OsString};\n" #~ "use std::os::unix::ffi::OsStrExt;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct DirectoryIterator {\n" #~ " path: CString,\n" #~ " dir: *mut ffi::DIR,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl DirectoryIterator {\n" #~ " fn new(path: &str) -> Result {\n" #~ " // Call opendir and return a Ok value if that worked,\n" #~ " // otherwise return Err with a message.\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Iterator for DirectoryIterator {\n" #~ " type Item = OsString;\n" #~ " fn next(&mut self) -> Option {\n" #~ " // Keep calling readdir until we get a NULL pointer back.\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Drop for DirectoryIterator {\n" #~ " fn drop(&mut self) {\n" #~ " // Call closedir as needed.\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() -> Result<(), String> {\n" #~ " let iter = DirectoryIterator::new(\".\")?;\n" #~ " println!(\"files: {:#?}\", iter.collect::>());\n" #~ " Ok(())\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,should_panic\n" #~ "// TODO: eliminați acest lucru atunci când ați terminat cu " #~ "implementarea.\n" #~ "#![allow(unused_imports, unused_variables, dead_code)]]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "mod ffi {\n" #~ " use std::os::raw::{c_char, c_int};\n" #~ " #[cfg(not(target_os = \"macos\"))]]\n" #~ " use std::os::raw::{c_long, c_ulong, c_ushort, c_uchar};\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Tip opac. A se vedea https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/ffi.html.\n" #~ " #[repr(C)]\n" #~ " pub struct struct DIR {\n" #~ " _data: [u8; 0],\n" #~ " _marker: core::marker::PhantomData<(*mut u8, core::marker::" #~ "PhantomPinned)>,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Dispunere în conformitate cu pagina de manual Linux pentru " #~ "readdir(3), unde ino_t și\n" #~ " // off_t sunt rezolvate în conformitate cu definițiile din\n" #~ " // /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/{sys/types.h, bits/typesizes.h}.\n" #~ " #[cfg(not(target_os = \"macos\"))]]\n" #~ " #[repr(C)]\n" #~ " pub struct struct dirent {\n" #~ " pub d_ino: c_ulong,\n" #~ " pub d_off: c_long,\n" #~ " pub d_reclen: c_ushort,\n" #~ " pub d_type: c_uchar,\n" #~ " pub d_name: [c_char; 256],\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Dispunere în conformitate cu pagina de manual macOS pentru " #~ "dir(5).\n" #~ " #[cfg(all(target_os = \"macos\"))]]\n" #~ " #[repr(C)]\n" #~ " pub struct struct dirent {\n" #~ " pub d_fileno: u64,\n" #~ " pub d_seekoff: u64,\n" #~ " pub d_reclen: u16,\n" #~ " pub d_namlen: u16,\n" #~ " pub d_type: u8,\n" #~ " pub d_name: [c_char; 1024],\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " extern \"C\" {\n" #~ " pub fn opendir(s: *const c_char) -> *mut DIR;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " #[cfg(not(all(target_os = \"macos\", target_arch = " #~ "\"x86_64\")))])]]\n" #~ " pub fn readdir(s: *mut DIR) -> *const dirent;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // A se vedea https://github.com/rust-lang/libc/issues/414 și " #~ "secțiunea privind\n" #~ " // _DARWIN_FEATURE_64_BIT_INODE în pagina de manual macOS pentru " #~ "stat(2).\n" #~ " //\n" #~ " // \"Platformele care existau înainte ca aceste actualizări să " #~ "fie disponibile\" se referă la\n" #~ " // la macOS (spre deosebire de iOS / wearOS / etc.) pe Intel și " #~ "PowerPC.\n" #~ " #[cfg(all(target_os = \"macos\", target_arch = \"x86_64\"))]]\n" #~ " #[link_name = \"readdir$INODE64\"]\n" #~ " pub fn readdir(s: *mut DIR) -> *const dirent;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn closedir(s: *mut DIR) -> c_int;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use std::ffi::{CStr, CString, OsStr, OsString};\n" #~ "use std::os::unix::ffi::OsStrExt;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct DirectoryIterator {\n" #~ " path: CString,\n" #~ " dir: *mut ffi::DIR,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl DirectoryIterator {\n" #~ " fn new(path: &str) -> Result {\n" #~ " // Apelați opendir și returnați o valoare Ok dacă a funcționat,\n" #~ " // în caz contrar, returnează Err cu un mesaj.\n" #~ " neimplementat!()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Iterator for DirectoryIterator {\n" #~ " type Item = OsString;\n" #~ " fn next(&mut self) -> Option {\n" #~ " // Continuați să apelați readdir până când primim înapoi un " #~ "pointer NULL.\n" #~ " neimplementat!()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Drop for DirectoryIterator {\n" #~ " fn drop(&mut self) {\n" #~ " // Cheamă closedir după cum este necesar.\n" #~ " neimplementat!()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() -> Rezultat<(), String> {\n" #~ " let iter = DirectoryIterator::new(\".\")?;\n" #~ " println!(\"files: {:#?}\", iter.collect::<Vec<_>>());\n" #~ " Ok((())\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```javascript\n" #~ "rust_binary {\n" #~ " name: \"hello_rust\",\n" #~ " crate_name: \"hello_rust\",\n" #~ " srcs: [\"src/main.rs\"],\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```javascript\n" #~ "rust_binary {\n" #~ " name: \"hello_rust\",\n" #~ " crate_name: \"hello_rust\",\n" #~ " srcs: [\"src/main.rs\"],\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "//! Rust demo.\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Prints a greeting to standard output.\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " println!(\"Hello from Rust!\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "//! Demo Rust.\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Tipărește un salut pe ieșirea standard.\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " println!(\"Hello from Rust!\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```javascript\n" #~ "rust_binary {\n" #~ " name: \"hello_rust_with_dep\",\n" #~ " crate_name: \"hello_rust_with_dep\",\n" #~ " srcs: [\"src/main.rs\"],\n" #~ " rustlibs: [\n" #~ " \"libgreetings\",\n" #~ " \"libtextwrap\",\n" #~ " ],\n" #~ " prefer_rlib: true,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "rust_library {\n" #~ " name: \"libgreetings\",\n" #~ " crate_name: \"greetings\",\n" #~ " srcs: [\"src/lib.rs\"],\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```javascript\n" #~ "rust_binary {\n" #~ " name: \"hello_rust_with_dep\",\n" #~ " crate_name: \"hello_rust_with_dep\",\n" #~ " srcs: [\"src/main.rs\"],\n" #~ " rustlibs: [\n" #~ " \"libgreetings\",\n" #~ " \"libtextwrap\",\n" #~ " ],\n" #~ " prefer_rlib: true,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "rust_library {\n" #~ " name: \"libgreetings\",\n" #~ " crate_name: \"greetings\",\n" #~ " srcs: [\"src/lib.rs\"],\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,ignore\n" #~ "//! Rust demo.\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use greetings::greeting;\n" #~ "use textwrap::fill;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Prints a greeting to standard output.\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " println!(\"{}\", fill(&greeting(\"Bob\"), 24));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```încredere,ignora\n" #~ "//! Demo Rust.\n" #~ "\n" #~ "folosiți greetings::greeting;\n" #~ "use textwrap::fill;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Tipărește un mesaj de salut pe ieșirea standard.\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " println!(\"{}\", fill(&greeting(\"Bob\"), 24));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,ignore\n" #~ "//! Greeting library.\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Greet `name`.\n" #~ "pub fn greeting(name: &str) -> String {\n" #~ " format!(\"Hello {name}, it is very nice to meet you!\")\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,ignore\n" #~ "//! Biblioteca de salut.\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Salutați `name`.\n" #~ "pub fn greeting(name: &str) -> String {\n" #~ " format!(\"Bună ziua {name}, mă bucur să vă cunosc!\")\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```javascript\n" #~ "aidl_interface {\n" #~ " name: \"com.example.birthdayservice\",\n" #~ " srcs: [\"com/example/birthdayservice/*.aidl\"],\n" #~ " unstable: true,\n" #~ " backend: {\n" #~ " rust: { // Rust is not enabled by default\n" #~ " enabled: true,\n" #~ " },\n" #~ " },\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```javascript\n" #~ "aidl_interface {\n" #~ " name: \"com.example.birthdayservice\",\n" #~ " srcs: [\"com/example/birthdayservice/*.aidl\"],\n" #~ " unstable: true,\n" #~ " backend: {\n" #~ " rust: { // Rust nu este activat în mod implicit\n" #~ " enabled: true,\n" #~ " },\n" #~ " },\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,ignore\n" #~ "//! Implementation of the `IBirthdayService` AIDL interface.\n" #~ "use com_example_birthdayservice::aidl::com::example::birthdayservice::" #~ "IBirthdayService::IBirthdayService;\n" #~ "use com_example_birthdayservice::binder;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// The `IBirthdayService` implementation.\n" #~ "pub struct BirthdayService;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl binder::Interface for BirthdayService {}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl IBirthdayService for BirthdayService {\n" #~ " fn wishHappyBirthday(&self, name: &str, years: i32) -> binder::" #~ "Result {\n" #~ " Ok(format!(\n" #~ " \"Happy Birthday {name}, congratulations with the {years} " #~ "years!\"\n" #~ " ))\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,ignore\n" #~ "//! Implementarea interfeței AIDL `IBirthdayService`.\n" #~ "use com_example_birthdayservice::aidl::com::example::birthdayservice::" #~ "IBirthdayService::IBirthdayService;\n" #~ "use com_example_birthdayservice::binder;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Implementarea `IBirthdayService`.\n" #~ "pub struct struct BirthdayService;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl binder::Interfață pentru BirthdayService {}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl IBirthdayService pentru BirthdayService {\n" #~ " fn wishHappyBirthday(&self, name: &str, years: i32) -> " #~ "binder::Result {\n" #~ " Ok(format!(\n" #~ " \"La mulți ani {name}, felicitări pentru {years} ani!\"\n" #~ " ))\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```javascript\n" #~ "rust_library {\n" #~ " name: \"libbirthdayservice\",\n" #~ " srcs: [\"src/lib.rs\"],\n" #~ " crate_name: \"birthdayservice\",\n" #~ " rustlibs: [\n" #~ " \"com.example.birthdayservice-rust\",\n" #~ " \"libbinder_rs\",\n" #~ " ],\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```javascript\n" #~ "rust_library {\n" #~ " name: \"libbirthdayservice\",\n" #~ " srcs: [\"src/lib.rs\"],\n" #~ " crate_name: \"birthdayservice\",\n" #~ " rustlibs: [\n" #~ " \"com.example.birthdayservice-rust\",\n" #~ " \"libbinder_rs\",\n" #~ " ],\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,ignore\n" #~ "//! Birthday service.\n" #~ "use birthdayservice::BirthdayService;\n" #~ "use com_example_birthdayservice::aidl::com::example::birthdayservice::" #~ "IBirthdayService::BnBirthdayService;\n" #~ "use com_example_birthdayservice::binder;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "const SERVICE_IDENTIFIER: &str = \"birthdayservice\";\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Entry point for birthday service.\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let birthday_service = BirthdayService;\n" #~ " let birthday_service_binder = BnBirthdayService::new_binder(\n" #~ " birthday_service,\n" #~ " binder::BinderFeatures::default(),\n" #~ " );\n" #~ " binder::add_service(SERVICE_IDENTIFIER, birthday_service_binder." #~ "as_binder())\n" #~ " .expect(\"Failed to register service\");\n" #~ " binder::ProcessState::join_thread_pool()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,ignore\n" #~ "//! Serviciul de aniversare.\n" #~ "folosiți birthdayservice::BirthdayService;\n" #~ "use com_example_birthdayservice::aidl::com::example::birthdayservice::" #~ "IBirthdayService::BnBirthdayService;\n" #~ "use com_example_birthdayservice::binder;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "const SERVICE_IDENTIFIER: &str = \"birthdayservice\";\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Punct de intrare pentru serviciul de aniversare.\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let birthday_service = BirthdayService;\n" #~ " let birthday_service_binder = BnBirthdayService::new_binder(\n" #~ " birthday_service,\n" #~ " binder::BinderFeatures::default(),\n" #~ " );\n" #~ " binder::add_service(SERVICE_IDENTIFIER, birthday_service_binder." #~ "as_binder())\n" #~ " .expect(\"Failed to register service\");\n" #~ " binder::ProcessState::join_thread_pool()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```javascript\n" #~ "rust_binary {\n" #~ " name: \"birthday_server\",\n" #~ " crate_name: \"birthday_server\",\n" #~ " srcs: [\"src/server.rs\"],\n" #~ " rustlibs: [\n" #~ " \"com.example.birthdayservice-rust\",\n" #~ " \"libbinder_rs\",\n" #~ " \"libbirthdayservice\",\n" #~ " ],\n" #~ " prefer_rlib: true,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```javascript\n" #~ "rust_binary {\n" #~ " name: \"birthday_server\",\n" #~ " crate_name: \"birthday_server\",\n" #~ " srcs: [\"src/server.rs\"],\n" #~ " rustlibs: [\n" #~ " \"com.example.birthdayservice-rust\",\n" #~ " \"libbinder_rs\",\n" #~ " \"libbirthdayservice\",\n" #~ " ],\n" #~ " prefer_rlib: true,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,ignore\n" #~ "//! Birthday service.\n" #~ "use com_example_birthdayservice::aidl::com::example::birthdayservice::" #~ "IBirthdayService::IBirthdayService;\n" #~ "use com_example_birthdayservice::binder;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "const SERVICE_IDENTIFIER: &str = \"birthdayservice\";\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Connect to the BirthdayService.\n" #~ "pub fn connect() -> Result, binder::" #~ "StatusCode> {\n" #~ " binder::get_interface(SERVICE_IDENTIFIER)\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Call the birthday service.\n" #~ "fn main() -> Result<(), binder::Status> {\n" #~ " let name = std::env::args()\n" #~ " .nth(1)\n" #~ " .unwrap_or_else(|| String::from(\"Bob\"));\n" #~ " let years = std::env::args()\n" #~ " .nth(2)\n" #~ " .and_then(|arg| arg.parse::().ok())\n" #~ " .unwrap_or(42);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " binder::ProcessState::start_thread_pool();\n" #~ " let service = connect().expect(\"Failed to connect to " #~ "BirthdayService\");\n" #~ " let msg = service.wishHappyBirthday(&name, years)?;\n" #~ " println!(\"{msg}\");\n" #~ " Ok(())\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```încredere,ignora\n" #~ "//! Serviciul de aniversare.\n" #~ "use com_example_birthdayservice::aidl::com::example::birthdayservice::" #~ "IBirthdayService::IBirthdayService;\n" #~ "use com_example_birthdayservice::binder;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "const SERVICE_IDENTIFIER: &str = \"birthdayservice\";\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Conectează-te la BirthdayService.\n" #~ "pub fn connect() -> Result<binder::Strong, " #~ "binder::StatusCode> {\n" #~ " binder::get_interface(SERVICE_IDENTIFIER)\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Cheamă serviciul de aniversare.\n" #~ "fn main() -> Rezultat<(), binder::Status> {\n" #~ " let name = std::env::args()\n" #~ " .nth(1)\n" #~ " .unwrap_or_else(|| String::from(\"Bob\"));\n" #~ " let years = std::env::args()\n" #~ " .nth(2)\n" #~ " .and_then(|arg| arg.parse::().ok()))\n" #~ " .unwrap_or(42);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " binder::ProcessState::start_thread_pool();\n" #~ " let service = connect().expect(\"Failed to connect to " #~ "BirthdayService\");\n" #~ " let msg = service.wishHappyBirthday(&name, years)?;\n" #~ " println!(\"{msg}\");\n" #~ " Ok((())\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```javascript\n" #~ "rust_binary {\n" #~ " name: \"birthday_client\",\n" #~ " crate_name: \"birthday_client\",\n" #~ " srcs: [\"src/client.rs\"],\n" #~ " rustlibs: [\n" #~ " \"com.example.birthdayservice-rust\",\n" #~ " \"libbinder_rs\",\n" #~ " ],\n" #~ " prefer_rlib: true,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```javascript\n" #~ "rust_binary {\n" #~ " name: \"birthday_client\",\n" #~ " crate_name: \"birthday_client\",\n" #~ " srcs: [\"src/client.rs\"],\n" #~ " rustlibs: [\n" #~ " \"com.example.birthdayservice-rust\",\n" #~ " \"libbinder_rs\",\n" #~ " ],\n" #~ " prefer_rlib: true,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```javascript\n" #~ "rust_binary {\n" #~ " name: \"hello_rust_logs\",\n" #~ " crate_name: \"hello_rust_logs\",\n" #~ " srcs: [\"src/main.rs\"],\n" #~ " rustlibs: [\n" #~ " \"liblog_rust\",\n" #~ " \"liblogger\",\n" #~ " ],\n" #~ " prefer_rlib: true,\n" #~ " host_supported: true,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```javascript\n" #~ "rust_binary {\n" #~ " name: \"hello_rust_logs\",\n" #~ " crate_name: \"hello_rust_logs\",\n" #~ " srcs: [\"src/main.rs\"],\n" #~ " rustlibs: [\n" #~ " \"liblog_rust\",\n" #~ " \"liblogger\",\n" #~ " ],\n" #~ " prefer_rlib: true,\n" #~ " host_supported: true,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,ignore\n" #~ "//! Rust logging demo.\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use log::{debug, error, info};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Logs a greeting.\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " logger::init(\n" #~ " logger::Config::default()\n" #~ " .with_tag_on_device(\"rust\")\n" #~ " .with_min_level(log::Level::Trace),\n" #~ " );\n" #~ " debug!(\"Starting program.\");\n" #~ " info!(\"Things are going fine.\");\n" #~ " error!(\"Something went wrong!\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```încredere,ignora\n" #~ "//! Demonstrație de logare Rust.\n" #~ "\n" #~ "folosiți log::{debug, error, info};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Înregistrează un mesaj de salut.\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " logger::init(\n" #~ " logger::Config::default()\n" #~ " .with_tag_on_device(\"rust\")\n" #~ " .with_min_level(log::Level::Trace),\n" #~ " );\n" #~ " debug!(\"Starting program.\");\n" #~ " info!(\"Lucrurile merg bine.\");\n" #~ " error!(\"Ceva a mers prost!\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "extern \"C\" {\n" #~ " fn abs(x: i32) -> i32;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let x = -42;\n" #~ " let abs_x = unsafe { abs(x) };\n" #~ " println!(\"{x}, {abs_x}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "extern \"C\" {\n" #~ " fn abs(x: i32) -> i32;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let x = -42;\n" #~ " let abs_x = unsafe { abs(x) };\n" #~ " println!(\"{x}, {abs_x}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```c\n" #~ "#include \n" #~ "#include \"libbirthday.h\"\n" #~ "\n" #~ "void print_card(const card* card) {\n" #~ " printf(\"+--------------\\n\");\n" #~ " printf(\"| Happy Birthday %s!\\n\", card->name);\n" #~ " printf(\"| Congratulations with the %i years!\\n\", card->years);\n" #~ " printf(\"+--------------\\n\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```c\n" #~ "#include \n" #~ "#include \"libbirthday.h\"\n" #~ "\n" #~ "void print_card(const card* card) {\n" #~ " printf(\"+--------------\\n\");\n" #~ " printf(\"| La mulți ani %s!\\n\", card->name);\n" #~ " printf(\"| Felicitări pentru %i ani!\\n\", card->years);\n" #~ " printf(\"+--------------\\n\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```javascript\n" #~ "cc_library {\n" #~ " name: \"libbirthday\",\n" #~ " srcs: [\"libbirthday.c\"],\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```javascript\n" #~ "cc_library {\n" #~ " name: \"libbirthday\",\n" #~ " srcs: [\"libbirthday.c\"],\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```javascript\n" #~ "rust_bindgen {\n" #~ " name: \"libbirthday_bindgen\",\n" #~ " crate_name: \"birthday_bindgen\",\n" #~ " wrapper_src: \"libbirthday_wrapper.h\",\n" #~ " source_stem: \"bindings\",\n" #~ " static_libs: [\"libbirthday\"],\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```javascript\n" #~ "rust_bindgen {\n" #~ " name: \"libbirthday_bindgen\",\n" #~ " crate_name: \"birthday_bindgen\",\n" #~ " wrapper_src: \"libbirthday_wrapper.h\",\n" #~ " source_stem: \"bindings\",\n" #~ " static_libs: [\"libbirthday\"],\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```javascript\n" #~ "rust_binary {\n" #~ " name: \"print_birthday_card\",\n" #~ " srcs: [\"main.rs\"],\n" #~ " rustlibs: [\"libbirthday_bindgen\"],\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```javascript\n" #~ "rust_binary {\n" #~ " name: \"print_birthday_card\",\n" #~ " srcs: [\"main.rs\"],\n" #~ " rustlibs: [\"libbirthday_bindgen\"],\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "//! Bindgen demo.\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use birthday_bindgen::{card, print_card};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let name = std::ffi::CString::new(\"Peter\").unwrap();\n" #~ " let card = card {\n" #~ " name: name.as_ptr(),\n" #~ " years: 42,\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " unsafe {\n" #~ " print_card(&card as *const card);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "//! Bindgen demo.\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use birthday_bindgen::{card, print_card};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let name = std::ffi::CString::new(\"Peter\").unwrap();\n" #~ " let card = card {\n" #~ " name: name.as_ptr(),\n" #~ " ani: 42,\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " unsafe {\n" #~ " print_card(&card as *const card);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```javascript\n" #~ "rust_test {\n" #~ " name: \"libbirthday_bindgen_test\",\n" #~ " srcs: [\":libbirthday_bindgen\"],\n" #~ " crate_name: \"libbirthday_bindgen_test\",\n" #~ " test_suites: [\"general-tests\"],\n" #~ " auto_gen_config: true,\n" #~ " clippy_lints: \"none\", // Generated file, skip linting\n" #~ " lints: \"none\",\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```javascript\n" #~ "rust_test {\n" #~ " name: \"libbirthday_bindgen_test\",\n" #~ " srcs: [\":libbirthday_bindgen\"],\n" #~ " crate_name: \"libbirthday_bindgen_test\",\n" #~ " test_suites: [\"general-tests\"],\n" #~ " auto_gen_config: true,\n" #~ " clippy_lints: \"none\", // Fișier generat, săriți peste linting\n" #~ " lints: \"none\",\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "//! Rust FFI demo.\n" #~ "#![deny(improper_ctypes_definitions)]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use std::os::raw::c_int;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Analyze the numbers.\n" #~ "#[no_mangle]\n" #~ "pub extern \"C\" fn analyze_numbers(x: c_int, y: c_int) {\n" #~ " if x < y {\n" #~ " println!(\"x ({x}) is smallest!\");\n" #~ " } else {\n" #~ " println!(\"y ({y}) is probably larger than x ({x})\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "//! Demonstrație Rust FFI.\n" #~ "#![deny(improper_ctypes_definitions)]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use std::os::raw::c_int;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Analizați numerele.\n" #~ "#[no_mangle]\n" #~ "pub extern \"C\" fn analyze_numbers(x: c_int, y: c_int) {\n" #~ " if x < y {\n" #~ " println!(\"x ({x}) este cel mai mic!\");\n" #~ " } else {\n" #~ " println!(\"y ({y}) este probabil mai mare decât x ({x})\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```c\n" #~ "#ifndef ANALYSE_H\n" #~ "#define ANALYSE_H\n" #~ "\n" #~ "extern \"C\" {\n" #~ "void analyze_numbers(int x, int y);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#endif\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```c\n" #~ "#ifndef ANALYSE_H\n" #~ "#define ANALYSE_H\n" #~ "\n" #~ "extern \"C\" {\n" #~ "void analyze_numbers(int x, int y);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#endif\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```javascript\n" #~ "rust_ffi {\n" #~ " name: \"libanalyze_ffi\",\n" #~ " crate_name: \"analyze_ffi\",\n" #~ " srcs: [\"analyze.rs\"],\n" #~ " include_dirs: [\".\"],\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```javascript\n" #~ "rust_ffi {\n" #~ " name: \"libanalyze_ffi\",\n" #~ " crate_name: \"analyze_ffi\",\n" #~ " srcs: [\"analyze.rs\"],\n" #~ " include_dirs: [\".\"],\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```c\n" #~ "#include \"analyze.h\"\n" #~ "\n" #~ "int main() {\n" #~ " analyze_numbers(10, 20);\n" #~ " analyze_numbers(123, 123);\n" #~ " return 0;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```c\n" #~ "#include \"analyze.h\"\n" #~ "\n" #~ "int main() {\n" #~ " analyze_numbers(10, 20);\n" #~ " analyze_numbers(123, 123);\n" #~ " return 0;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```javascript\n" #~ "cc_binary {\n" #~ " name: \"analyze_numbers\",\n" #~ " srcs: [\"main.c\"],\n" #~ " static_libs: [\"libanalyze_ffi\"],\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```javascript\n" #~ "cc_binary {\n" #~ " name: \"analyze_numbers\",\n" #~ " srcs: [\"main.c\"],\n" #~ " static_libs: [\"libanalyze_ffi\"],\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```javascript\n" #~ "rust_binary {\n" #~ " name: \"cxx_test\",\n" #~ " srcs: [\"lib.rs\"],\n" #~ " rustlibs: [\"libcxx\"],\n" #~ " static_libs: [\"libcxx_test_cpp\"],\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```javascript\n" #~ "rust_binary {\n" #~ " name: \"print_birthday_card\",\n" #~ " srcs: [\"main.rs\"],\n" #~ " rustlibs: [\"libbirthday_bindgen\"],\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "//! Rust <-> Java FFI demo.\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use jni::objects::{JClass, JString};\n" #~ "use jni::sys::jstring;\n" #~ "use jni::JNIEnv;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// HelloWorld::hello method implementation.\n" #~ "#[no_mangle]\n" #~ "pub extern \"system\" fn Java_HelloWorld_hello(\n" #~ " env: JNIEnv,\n" #~ " _class: JClass,\n" #~ " name: JString,\n" #~ ") -> jstring {\n" #~ " let input: String = env.get_string(name).unwrap().into();\n" #~ " let greeting = format!(\"Hello, {input}!\");\n" #~ " let output = env.new_string(greeting).unwrap();\n" #~ " output.into_inner()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "//! Rust <-> Java FFI demo.\n" #~ "\n" #~ "folosiți jni::objects::{JClass, JString};\n" #~ "use jni::sys::jstring;\n" #~ "use jni::JNIEnv;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Implementarea metodei HelloWorld::hello.\n" #~ "#[no_mangle]\n" #~ "pub extern \"system\" fn Java_HelloWorld_hello(\n" #~ " env: JNIEnv,\n" #~ " _class: JClass,\n" #~ " name: JString,\n" #~ ") -> jstring {\n" #~ " let input: String = env.get_string(name).unwrap().into();\n" #~ " let greeting = format!(\"Hello, {input}!\");\n" #~ " let output = env.new_string(greeting).unwrap();\n" #~ " output.into_inner()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```javascript\n" #~ "rust_ffi_shared {\n" #~ " name: \"libhello_jni\",\n" #~ " crate_name: \"hello_jni\",\n" #~ " srcs: [\"src/lib.rs\"],\n" #~ " rustlibs: [\"libjni\"],\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```javascript\n" #~ "rust_ffi_shared {\n" #~ " nume: \"libhello_jni\",\n" #~ " crate_name: \"hello_jni\",\n" #~ " srcs: [\"src/lib.rs\"],\n" #~ " rustlibs: [\"libjni\"],\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```java\n" #~ "class HelloWorld {\n" #~ " private static native String hello(String name);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " static {\n" #~ " System.loadLibrary(\"hello_jni\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " public static void main(String[] args) {\n" #~ " String output = HelloWorld.hello(\"Alice\");\n" #~ " System.out.println(output);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```java\n" #~ "clasa HelloWorld {\n" #~ " private static nativ privat String hello(String name);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " static {\n" #~ " System.loadLibrary(\"hello_jni\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " public static void main(String[] args) {\n" #~ " String output = HelloWorld.hello(\"Alice\");\n" #~ " System.out.println(output);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```javascript\n" #~ "java_binary {\n" #~ " name: \"helloworld_jni\",\n" #~ " srcs: [\"HelloWorld.java\"],\n" #~ " main_class: \"HelloWorld\",\n" #~ " required: [\"libhello_jni\"],\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```javascript\n" #~ "java_binary {\n" #~ " name: \"helloworld_jni\",\n" #~ " srcs: [\"HelloWorld.java\"],\n" #~ " main_class: \"HelloWorld\",\n" #~ " required: [\"libhello_jni\"],\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "#![no_main]\n" #~ "#![no_std]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "extern crate alloc;\n" #~ "extern crate panic_halt as _;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use alloc::string::ToString;\n" #~ "use alloc::vec::Vec;\n" #~ "use buddy_system_allocator::LockedHeap;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[global_allocator]\n" #~ "static HEAP_ALLOCATOR: LockedHeap<32> = LockedHeap::<32>::new();\n" #~ "\n" #~ "static mut HEAP: [u8; 65536] = [0; 65536];\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub fn entry() {\n" #~ " // Safe because `HEAP` is only used here and `entry` is only called " #~ "once.\n" #~ " unsafe {\n" #~ " // Give the allocator some memory to allocate.\n" #~ " HEAP_ALLOCATOR\n" #~ " .lock()\n" #~ " .init(HEAP.as_mut_ptr() as usize, HEAP.len());\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Now we can do things that require heap allocation.\n" #~ " let mut v = Vec::new();\n" #~ " v.push(\"A string\".to_string());\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "#![no_main]\n" #~ "#![no_std]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "extern crate alloc;\n" #~ "extern crate panic_halt as _;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "folosiți alloc::string::ToString;\n" #~ "use alloc::vec::Vec;\n" #~ "use buddy_system_allocator::LockedHeap;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[global_allocator]\n" #~ "static HEAP_ALLOCATOR: LockedHeap<32> = LockedHeap:::<32>::new();\n" #~ "\n" #~ "static mut HEAP: [u8; 65536] = [0; 65536];\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub fn entry() {\n" #~ " // Sigur, deoarece `HEAP` este folosit doar aici și `entry` este " #~ "apelat o singură dată.\n" #~ " unsafe {\n" #~ " // Dați alocatorului o anumită memorie de alocat.\n" #~ " HEAP_ALLOCATOR\n" #~ " .lock()\n" #~ " .init(HEAP.as_mut_ptr() as usize, HEAP.len());\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Acum putem face lucruri care necesită alocarea heap.\n" #~ " let mut v = Vec::new();\n" #~ " v.push(\"Un șir de caractere\".to_string());\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "#![no_main]\n" #~ "#![no_std]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "extern crate panic_halt as _;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "mod interrupts;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use core::mem::size_of;\n" #~ "use cortex_m_rt::entry;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// GPIO port 0 peripheral address\n" #~ "const GPIO_P0: usize = 0x5000_0000;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// GPIO peripheral offsets\n" #~ "const PIN_CNF: usize = 0x700;\n" #~ "const OUTSET: usize = 0x508;\n" #~ "const OUTCLR: usize = 0x50c;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// PIN_CNF fields\n" #~ "const DIR_OUTPUT: u32 = 0x1;\n" #~ "const INPUT_DISCONNECT: u32 = 0x1 << 1;\n" #~ "const PULL_DISABLED: u32 = 0x0 << 2;\n" #~ "const DRIVE_S0S1: u32 = 0x0 << 8;\n" #~ "const SENSE_DISABLED: u32 = 0x0 << 16;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[entry]\n" #~ "fn main() -> ! {\n" #~ " // Configure GPIO 0 pins 21 and 28 as push-pull outputs.\n" #~ " let pin_cnf_21 = (GPIO_P0 + PIN_CNF + 21 * size_of::()) as *mut " #~ "u32;\n" #~ " let pin_cnf_28 = (GPIO_P0 + PIN_CNF + 28 * size_of::()) as *mut " #~ "u32;\n" #~ " // Safe because the pointers are to valid peripheral control " #~ "registers, and\n" #~ " // no aliases exist.\n" #~ " unsafe {\n" #~ " pin_cnf_21.write_volatile(\n" #~ " DIR_OUTPUT | INPUT_DISCONNECT | PULL_DISABLED | DRIVE_S0S1 | " #~ "SENSE_DISABLED,\n" #~ " );\n" #~ " pin_cnf_28.write_volatile(\n" #~ " DIR_OUTPUT | INPUT_DISCONNECT | PULL_DISABLED | DRIVE_S0S1 | " #~ "SENSE_DISABLED,\n" #~ " );\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Set pin 28 low and pin 21 high to turn the LED on.\n" #~ " let gpio0_outset = (GPIO_P0 + OUTSET) as *mut u32;\n" #~ " let gpio0_outclr = (GPIO_P0 + OUTCLR) as *mut u32;\n" #~ " // Safe because the pointers are to valid peripheral control " #~ "registers, and\n" #~ " // no aliases exist.\n" #~ " unsafe {\n" #~ " gpio0_outclr.write_volatile(1 << 28);\n" #~ " gpio0_outset.write_volatile(1 << 21);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " loop {}\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "#![no_main]\n" #~ "#![no_std]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "extern crate panic_halt as _;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "mod întreruperi;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use core::mem::size_of;\n" #~ "use cortex_m_rt::entry;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Adresa periferică a portului GPIO 0\n" #~ "const GPIO_P0: usize = 0x5000_0000;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// Decalajele perifericelor GPIO\n" #~ "const PIN_CNF: usize = 0x700;\n" #~ "const OUTSET: usize = 0x508;\n" #~ "const OUTCLR: usize = 0x50c;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// câmpuri PIN_CNF\n" #~ "const DIR_OUTPUT: u32 = 0x1;\n" #~ "const INPUT_DISCONNECT: u32 = 0x1 << 1;\n" #~ "const PULL_DISABLED: u32 = 0x0 << 2;\n" #~ "const DRIVE_S0S1: u32 = 0x0 << 8;\n" #~ "const SENSE_DISABLED: u32 = 0x0 << 16;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[entry]\n" #~ "fn main() ->! {\n" #~ " // Configurați pinii GPIO 0 21 și 28 ca ieșiri push-pull.\n" #~ " let pin_cnf_21 = (GPIO_P0 + PIN_CNF + 21 * size_of:::())) as " #~ "*mut u32;\n" #~ " let pin_cnf_28 = (GPIO_P0 + PIN_CNF + 28 * size_of:::())) as " #~ "*mut u32;\n" #~ " // Sigur, deoarece indicatorii sunt către registre de control " #~ "periferice valide și\n" #~ " // nu există alias-uri.\n" #~ " unsafe {\n" #~ " pin_cnf_21.write_volatile(\n" #~ " DIR_OUTPUT | INPUT_DISCONNECT | PULL_DISABLED | DRIVE_S0S1 | " #~ "SENSE_DISABLED,\n" #~ " );\n" #~ " pin_cnf_28.write_volatile(\n" #~ " DIR_OUTPUT | INPUT_DISCONNECT | PULL_DISABLED | DRIVE_S0S1 | " #~ "SENSE_DISABLED,\n" #~ " );\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Setați pinul 28 la nivel scăzut și pinul 21 la nivel ridicat " #~ "pentru a aprinde LED-ul.\n" #~ " let gpio0_outset = (GPIO_P0 + OUTSET) as *mut u32;\n" #~ " let gpio0_outclr = (GPIO_P0 + OUTCLR) as *mut u32;\n" #~ " // Sigur, deoarece indicatorii sunt la registre de control periferice " #~ "valide și\n" #~ " // nu există alias-uri.\n" #~ " unsafe {\n" #~ " gpio0_outclr.write_volatile(1 << 28);\n" #~ " gpio0_outset.write_volatile(1 << 21);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " loop {}\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "#![no_main]\n" #~ "#![no_std]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "extern crate panic_halt as _;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use cortex_m_rt::entry;\n" #~ "use nrf52833_pac::Peripherals;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[entry]\n" #~ "fn main() -> ! {\n" #~ " let p = Peripherals::take().unwrap();\n" #~ " let gpio0 = p.P0;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Configure GPIO 0 pins 21 and 28 as push-pull outputs.\n" #~ " gpio0.pin_cnf[21].write(|w| {\n" #~ " w.dir().output();\n" #~ " w.input().disconnect();\n" #~ " w.pull().disabled();\n" #~ " w.drive().s0s1();\n" #~ " w.sense().disabled();\n" #~ " w\n" #~ " });\n" #~ " gpio0.pin_cnf[28].write(|w| {\n" #~ " w.dir().output();\n" #~ " w.input().disconnect();\n" #~ " w.pull().disabled();\n" #~ " w.drive().s0s1();\n" #~ " w.sense().disabled();\n" #~ " w\n" #~ " });\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Set pin 28 low and pin 21 high to turn the LED on.\n" #~ " gpio0.outclr.write(|w| w.pin28().clear());\n" #~ " gpio0.outset.write(|w| w.pin21().set());\n" #~ "\n" #~ " loop {}\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "#![no_main]\n" #~ "#![no_std]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "extern crate panic_halt as _;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use cortex_m_rt::entry;\n" #~ "use nrf52833_pac::Peripherals;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[intrare]\n" #~ "fn main() -> ! {\n" #~ " let p = Peripherals::take().unwrap();\n" #~ " let gpio0 = p.P0;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Configurați pinii GPIO 0 21 și 28 ca ieșiri push-pull.\n" #~ " gpio0.pin_cnf[21].write(|w| {\n" #~ " w.dir().output();\n" #~ " w.input().disconnect();\n" #~ " w.pull().dezactivat();\n" #~ " w.drive().s0s1();\n" #~ " w.sense().disabled();\n" #~ " w\n" #~ " });\n" #~ " gpio0.pin_cnf[28].write(|w| {\n" #~ " w.dir().output();\n" #~ " w.intrare().deconectare();\n" #~ " w.pull().dezactivat();\n" #~ " w.drive().s0s1();\n" #~ " w.sense().disabled();\n" #~ " w\n" #~ " });\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Setați pinul 28 la nivel scăzut și pinul 21 la nivel ridicat " #~ "pentru a aprinde LED-ul.\n" #~ " gpio0.outclr.write(|w| w.pin28().clear());\n" #~ " gpio0.outset.write(|w| w.pin21().set());\n" #~ "\n" #~ " bucla {}\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "#![no_main]\n" #~ "#![no_std]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "extern crate panic_halt as _;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use cortex_m_rt::entry;\n" #~ "use nrf52833_hal::gpio::{p0, Level};\n" #~ "use nrf52833_hal::pac::Peripherals;\n" #~ "use nrf52833_hal::prelude::*;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[entry]\n" #~ "fn main() -> ! {\n" #~ " let p = Peripherals::take().unwrap();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Create HAL wrapper for GPIO port 0.\n" #~ " let gpio0 = p0::Parts::new(p.P0);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Configure GPIO 0 pins 21 and 28 as push-pull outputs.\n" #~ " let mut col1 = gpio0.p0_28.into_push_pull_output(Level::High);\n" #~ " let mut row1 = gpio0.p0_21.into_push_pull_output(Level::Low);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Set pin 28 low and pin 21 high to turn the LED on.\n" #~ " col1.set_low().unwrap();\n" #~ " row1.set_high().unwrap();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " loop {}\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "#![no_main]\n" #~ "#![no_std]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "extern crate panic_halt as _;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use cortex_m_rt::entry;\n" #~ "use nrf52833_hal::gpio::{p0, Level};\n" #~ "use nrf52833_hal::pac::Peripherals;\n" #~ "use nrf52833_hal::prelude::*;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[intrare]\n" #~ "fn main() -> ! {\n" #~ " let p = Peripherals::take().unwrap();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Creează un HAL wrapper pentru portul GPIO 0.\n" #~ " let gpio0 = p0::Parts::new(p.P0);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Configurați pinii GPIO 0 21 și 28 ca ieșiri push-pull.\n" #~ " let mut col1 = gpio0.p0_28.into_push_pull_output(Level::High);\n" #~ " let mut row1 = gpio0.p0_21.into_push_pull_output(Level::Low);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Setați pinul 28 la nivel scăzut și pinul 21 la nivel ridicat " #~ "pentru a aprinde LED-ul.\n" #~ " col1.set_low().unwrap();\n" #~ " row1.set_high().unwrap();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " bucla {}\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "#[entry]\n" #~ "fn main() -> ! {\n" #~ " let p = Peripherals::take().unwrap();\n" #~ " let gpio0 = p0::Parts::new(p.P0);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let pin: P0_01 = gpio0.p0_01;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // let gpio0_01_again = gpio0.p0_01; // Error, moved.\n" #~ " let pin_input: P0_01> = pin.into_floating_input();\n" #~ " if pin_input.is_high().unwrap() {\n" #~ " // ...\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " let mut pin_output: P0_01> = pin_input\n" #~ " .into_open_drain_output(OpenDrainConfig::Disconnect0Standard1, " #~ "Level::Low);\n" #~ " pin_output.set_high().unwrap();\n" #~ " // pin_input.is_high(); // Error, moved.\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let _pin2: P0_02> = gpio0\n" #~ " .p0_02\n" #~ " .into_open_drain_output(OpenDrainConfig::Disconnect0Standard1, " #~ "Level::Low);\n" #~ " let _pin3: P0_03> = gpio0.p0_03." #~ "into_push_pull_output(Level::Low);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " loop {}\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "#[intrare]\n" #~ "fn main() -> ! {\n" #~ " let p = Peripherals::take().unwrap();\n" #~ " let gpio0 = p0::Parts::new(p.P0);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let pin: P0_01 = gpio0.p0_01;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // let gpio0_01_01_again = gpio0.p0_01; // Error, moved.\n" #~ " let pin_input: P0_01<Input> = pin." #~ "into_floating_input();\n" #~ " if pin_input.is_high().unwrap() {\n" #~ " // ...\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " let mut pin_output: P0_01<Output> = pin_input\n" #~ " .into_open_drain_output(OpenDrainConfig::Disconnect0Standard1, " #~ "Level::Low);\n" #~ " pin_output.set_high().unwrap();\n" #~ " // pin_input.is_high(); // Eroare, mutat.\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let _pin2: P0_02<Output> = gpio0\n" #~ " .p0_02\n" #~ " .into_open_drain_output(OpenDrainConfig::Disconnect0Standard1, " #~ "Level::Low);\n" #~ " let _pin3: P0_03<Output> = gpio0.p0_03." #~ "into_push_pull_output(Level::Low);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " bucla {}\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "#![no_main]\n" #~ "#![no_std]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "extern crate panic_halt as _;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use core::fmt::Write;\n" #~ "use cortex_m_rt::entry;\n" #~ "use microbit::{hal::uarte::{Baudrate, Parity, Uarte}, Board};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[entry]\n" #~ "fn main() -> ! {\n" #~ " let board = Board::take().unwrap();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Configure serial port.\n" #~ " let mut serial = Uarte::new(\n" #~ " board.UARTE0,\n" #~ " board.uart.into(),\n" #~ " Parity::EXCLUDED,\n" #~ " Baudrate::BAUD115200,\n" #~ " );\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Set up the I2C controller and Inertial Measurement Unit.\n" #~ " // TODO\n" #~ "\n" #~ " writeln!(serial, \"Ready.\").unwrap();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " loop {\n" #~ " // Read compass data and log it to the serial port.\n" #~ " // TODO\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "#![no_main]\n" #~ "#![no_std]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "extern crate panic_halt as _;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use core::fmt::Write;\n" #~ "use cortex_m_rt::entry;\n" #~ "use microbit::{hal::uarte::{Baudrate, Parity, Uarte}, Board};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[intrare]\n" #~ "fn main() -> ! {\n" #~ " let board = Board::take().unwrap();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Configurați portul serial.\n" #~ " let mut serial = Uarte::new(\n" #~ " board.UARTE0,\n" #~ " board.uart.into(),\n" #~ " Parity::EXCLUDED,\n" #~ " Baudrate::BAUD115200,\n" #~ " );\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Configurați controlerul I2C și unitatea de măsurare inerțială.\n" #~ " // TODO\n" #~ "\n" #~ " writeln!(serial, \"Ready.\").unwrap();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " buclă {\n" #~ " // Citiți datele busolei și înregistrați-le pe portul serial.\n" #~ " // TODO\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "#![no_main]\n" #~ "#![no_std]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use core::arch::asm;\n" #~ "use core::panic::PanicInfo;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "mod exceptions;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "const PSCI_SYSTEM_OFF: u32 = 0x84000008;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[no_mangle]\n" #~ "extern \"C\" fn main(_x0: u64, _x1: u64, _x2: u64, _x3: u64) {\n" #~ " // Safe because this only uses the declared registers and doesn't do\n" #~ " // anything with memory.\n" #~ " unsafe {\n" #~ " asm!(\"hvc #0\",\n" #~ " inout(\"w0\") PSCI_SYSTEM_OFF => _,\n" #~ " inout(\"w1\") 0 => _,\n" #~ " inout(\"w2\") 0 => _,\n" #~ " inout(\"w3\") 0 => _,\n" #~ " inout(\"w4\") 0 => _,\n" #~ " inout(\"w5\") 0 => _,\n" #~ " inout(\"w6\") 0 => _,\n" #~ " inout(\"w7\") 0 => _,\n" #~ " options(nomem, nostack)\n" #~ " );\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " loop {}\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "#![no_main]\n" #~ "#![no_std]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use core::arch::asm;\n" #~ "use core::panic::PanicInfo;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "mod exceptions;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "const PSCI_SYSTEM_OFF: u32 = 0x84000008;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[no_mangle]\n" #~ "extern \"C\" fn main(_x0: u64, _x1: u64, _x2: u64, _x3: u64) {\n" #~ " // Sigur pentru că acest lucru folosește doar registrele declarate și " #~ "nu face\n" #~ " // nimic cu memoria.\n" #~ " nesigur {\n" #~ " asm!(\"hvc #0\",\n" #~ " inout(\"w0\") PSCI_SYSTEM_OFF => _,\n" #~ " inout(\"w1\") 0 => _,\n" #~ " inout(\"w2\") 0 => _,\n" #~ " inout(\"w3\") 0 => _,\n" #~ " inout(\"w4\") 0 => _,\n" #~ " inout(\"w5\") 0 => _,\n" #~ " inout(\"w6\") 0 => _,\n" #~ " inout(\"w7\") 0 => _,\n" #~ " opțiuni(nomem, nostack)\n" #~ " );\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " loop {}\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "const FLAG_REGISTER_OFFSET: usize = 0x18;\n" #~ "const FR_BUSY: u8 = 1 << 3;\n" #~ "const FR_TXFF: u8 = 1 << 5;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Minimal driver for a PL011 UART.\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "pub struct Uart {\n" #~ " base_address: *mut u8,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Uart {\n" #~ " /// Constructs a new instance of the UART driver for a PL011 device " #~ "at the\n" #~ " /// given base address.\n" #~ " ///\n" #~ " /// # Safety\n" #~ " ///\n" #~ " /// The given base address must point to the 8 MMIO control registers " #~ "of a\n" #~ " /// PL011 device, which must be mapped into the address space of the " #~ "process\n" #~ " /// as device memory and not have any other aliases.\n" #~ " pub unsafe fn new(base_address: *mut u8) -> Self {\n" #~ " Self { base_address }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// Writes a single byte to the UART.\n" #~ " pub fn write_byte(&self, byte: u8) {\n" #~ " // Wait until there is room in the TX buffer.\n" #~ " while self.read_flag_register() & FR_TXFF != 0 {}\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Safe because we know that the base address points to the " #~ "control\n" #~ " // registers of a PL011 device which is appropriately mapped.\n" #~ " unsafe {\n" #~ " // Write to the TX buffer.\n" #~ " self.base_address.write_volatile(byte);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Wait until the UART is no longer busy.\n" #~ " while self.read_flag_register() & FR_BUSY != 0 {}\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn read_flag_register(&self) -> u8 {\n" #~ " // Safe because we know that the base address points to the " #~ "control\n" #~ " // registers of a PL011 device which is appropriately mapped.\n" #~ " unsafe { self.base_address.add(FLAG_REGISTER_OFFSET)." #~ "read_volatile() }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "const FLAG_REGISTER_OFFSET: usize = 0x18;\n" #~ "const FR_BUSY: u8 = 1 << 3;\n" #~ "const FR_TXFF: u8 = 1 << 5;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Driver minim pentru o UART PL011.\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "pub struct Uart {\n" #~ " base_address: *mut u8,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Uart {\n" #~ " /// Construiește o nouă instanță a driverului UART pentru un " #~ "dispozitiv PL011 la nivelul\n" #~ " /// adresa de bază dată.\n" #~ " ///\n" #~ " /// # Siguranță\n" #~ " ///\n" #~ " /// Adresa de bază dată trebuie să indice cele 8 registre de control " #~ "MMIO ale unui dispozitiv de tip\n" #~ " /// PL011, care trebuie să fie mapate în spațiul de adrese al " #~ "procesului\n" #~ " /// ca memorie a dispozitivului și să nu aibă alte pseudonime.\n" #~ " pub unsafe fn new(base_address: *mut u8) -> Self {\n" #~ " Self { base_address }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// Scrie un singur octet pe UART.\n" #~ " pub fn write_byte(&self, byte: u8) {\n" #~ " // Așteaptă până când există loc în memoria tampon TX.\n" #~ " while self.read_flag_register() & FR_TXFF != 0 {}\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Sigur, deoarece știm că adresa de bază indică adresa de " #~ "control\n" #~ " // registre ale unui dispozitiv PL011 care este mapat " #~ "corespunzător.\n" #~ " nesigur {\n" #~ " // Scrieți în memoria tampon TX.\n" #~ " self.base_address.write_volatile(byte);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Așteptați până când UART nu mai este ocupată.\n" #~ " while self.read_flag_register() & FR_BUSY != 0 {}\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn read_flag_register(&self) -> u8 {\n" #~ " // În siguranță, deoarece știm că adresa de bază indică adresa de " #~ "control\n" #~ " // registre ale unui dispozitiv PL011 care este mapat " #~ "corespunzător.\n" #~ " unsafe { self.base_address.add(FLAG_REGISTER_OFFSET)." #~ "read_volatile() } }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "use core::fmt::{self, Write};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Write for Uart {\n" #~ " fn write_str(&mut self, s: &str) -> fmt::Result {\n" #~ " for c in s.as_bytes() {\n" #~ " self.write_byte(*c);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " Ok(())\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// Safe because it just contains a pointer to device memory, which can " #~ "be\n" #~ "// accessed from any context.\n" #~ "unsafe impl Send for Uart {}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "use core::fmt::{self, Write};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Write pentru Uart {\n" #~ " fn write_str(&mut self, s: &str) -> fmt::Result {\n" #~ " for c in s.as_bytes() {\n" #~ " self.write_byte(*c);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " Ok((())\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// Sigur, deoarece conține doar un pointer către memoria dispozitivului, " #~ "care poate fi\n" #~ "// accesată din orice context.\n" #~ "unsafe impl Send pentru Uart {}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "use bitflags::bitflags;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "bitflags! {\n" #~ " /// Flags from the UART flag register.\n" #~ " #[repr(transparent)]\n" #~ " #[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]\n" #~ " struct Flags: u16 {\n" #~ " /// Clear to send.\n" #~ " const CTS = 1 << 0;\n" #~ " /// Data set ready.\n" #~ " const DSR = 1 << 1;\n" #~ " /// Data carrier detect.\n" #~ " const DCD = 1 << 2;\n" #~ " /// UART busy transmitting data.\n" #~ " const BUSY = 1 << 3;\n" #~ " /// Receive FIFO is empty.\n" #~ " const RXFE = 1 << 4;\n" #~ " /// Transmit FIFO is full.\n" #~ " const TXFF = 1 << 5;\n" #~ " /// Receive FIFO is full.\n" #~ " const RXFF = 1 << 6;\n" #~ " /// Transmit FIFO is empty.\n" #~ " const TXFE = 1 << 7;\n" #~ " /// Ring indicator.\n" #~ " const RI = 1 << 8;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "folosiți bitflags::bitflags;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "bitflags! {\n" #~ " /// Semnalizatoare din registrul de semnalizare UART.\n" #~ " #[repr(transparent)]\n" #~ " #[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]]\n" #~ " struct Flags: u16 {\n" #~ " /// Clear to send.\n" #~ " const CTS = 1 << 0;\n" #~ " /// Set de date pregătit.\n" #~ " const DSR = 1 << 1;\n" #~ " /// Data carrier detect.\n" #~ " const DCD = 1 << 2;\n" #~ " /// UART ocupată să transmită date.\n" #~ " const BUSY = 1 << 3;\n" #~ " /// Receive FIFO este gol.\n" #~ " const RXFE = 1 << 4;\n" #~ " /// Transmit FIFO este plin.\n" #~ " const TXFF = 1 << 5;\n" #~ " /// Receive FIFO este plin.\n" #~ " const RXFF = 1 << 6;\n" #~ " /// Transmit FIFO este gol.\n" #~ " const TXFE = 1 << 7;\n" #~ " /// Indicator de inel.\n" #~ " const RI = 1 << 8;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "/// Driver for a PL011 UART.\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "pub struct Uart {\n" #~ " registers: *mut Registers,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Uart {\n" #~ " /// Constructs a new instance of the UART driver for a PL011 device " #~ "at the\n" #~ " /// given base address.\n" #~ " ///\n" #~ " /// # Safety\n" #~ " ///\n" #~ " /// The given base address must point to the 8 MMIO control registers " #~ "of a\n" #~ " /// PL011 device, which must be mapped into the address space of the " #~ "process\n" #~ " /// as device memory and not have any other aliases.\n" #~ " pub unsafe fn new(base_address: *mut u32) -> Self {\n" #~ " Self {\n" #~ " registers: base_address as *mut Registers,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// Writes a single byte to the UART.\n" #~ " pub fn write_byte(&self, byte: u8) {\n" #~ " // Wait until there is room in the TX buffer.\n" #~ " while self.read_flag_register().contains(Flags::TXFF) {}\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Safe because we know that self.registers points to the " #~ "control\n" #~ " // registers of a PL011 device which is appropriately mapped.\n" #~ " unsafe {\n" #~ " // Write to the TX buffer.\n" #~ " addr_of_mut!((*self.registers).dr).write_volatile(byte." #~ "into());\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Wait until the UART is no longer busy.\n" #~ " while self.read_flag_register().contains(Flags::BUSY) {}\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// Reads and returns a pending byte, or `None` if nothing has been " #~ "received.\n" #~ " pub fn read_byte(&self) -> Option {\n" #~ " if self.read_flag_register().contains(Flags::RXFE) {\n" #~ " None\n" #~ " } else {\n" #~ " let data = unsafe { addr_of!((*self.registers).dr)." #~ "read_volatile() };\n" #~ " // TODO: Check for error conditions in bits 8-11.\n" #~ " Some(data as u8)\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn read_flag_register(&self) -> Flags {\n" #~ " // Safe because we know that self.registers points to the " #~ "control\n" #~ " // registers of a PL011 device which is appropriately mapped.\n" #~ " unsafe { addr_of!((*self.registers).fr).read_volatile() }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "/// Driver pentru o UART PL011.\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "pub struct Uart {\n" #~ " registers: *mut Registers,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Uart {\n" #~ " /// Construiește o nouă instanță a driverului UART pentru un " #~ "dispozitiv PL011 la nivelul\n" #~ " /// adresa de bază dată.\n" #~ " ///\n" #~ " /// # Siguranță\n" #~ " ///\n" #~ " /// Adresa de bază dată trebuie să indice cele 8 registre de control " #~ "MMIO ale unui dispozitiv de tip\n" #~ " /// PL011, care trebuie să fie mapate în spațiul de adrese al " #~ "procesului\n" #~ " /// ca memorie a dispozitivului și să nu aibă alte pseudonime.\n" #~ " pub unsafe fn new(base_address: *mut u32) -> Self {\n" #~ " Self {\n" #~ " registers: base_address as *mut Registers,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// Scrie un singur octet pe UART.\n" #~ " pub fn write_byte(&self, byte: u8) {\n" #~ " // Așteaptă până când există spațiu în bufferul TX.\n" #~ " while self.read_flag_register().contains(Flags::TXFF) {}\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Sigur, deoarece știm că self.registers indică controlul\n" #~ " // registre ale unui dispozitiv PL011 care este mapat " #~ "corespunzător.\n" #~ " nesigur {\n" #~ " // Scrieți în memoria tampon TX.\n" #~ " addr_of_mut!((*self.registers).dr).write_volatile(byte." #~ "into());\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Așteptați până când UART-ul nu mai este ocupat.\n" #~ " while self.read_flag_register().contains(Flags::BUSY) {}\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// Citește și returnează un octet în așteptare sau `None` dacă nu a " #~ "fost primit nimic.\n" #~ " pub fn read_byte(&self) -> Option {\n" #~ " if self.read_flag_register().contains(Flags::RXFE) {\n" #~ " None\n" #~ " } else {\n" #~ " let data = unsafe { addr_of!((*self.registers).dr)." #~ "read_volatile() };\n" #~ " // TODO: Verificați dacă există condiții de eroare în biții " #~ "8-11.\n" #~ " Some(data as u8)\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn read_flag_register(&self) -> Flags {\n" #~ " // Sigur, deoarece știm că self.registers indică controlul\n" #~ " // registre ale unui dispozitiv PL011 care este mapat în mod " #~ "corespunzător.\n" #~ " unsafe { addr_of!((*self.registers).fr).read_volatile() } }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "#![no_main]\n" #~ "#![no_std]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "mod exceptions;\n" #~ "mod pl011;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use crate::pl011::Uart;\n" #~ "use core::fmt::Write;\n" #~ "use core::panic::PanicInfo;\n" #~ "use log::error;\n" #~ "use smccc::psci::system_off;\n" #~ "use smccc::Hvc;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Base address of the primary PL011 UART.\n" #~ "const PL011_BASE_ADDRESS: *mut u32 = 0x900_0000 as _;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[no_mangle]\n" #~ "extern \"C\" fn main(x0: u64, x1: u64, x2: u64, x3: u64) {\n" #~ " // Safe because `PL011_BASE_ADDRESS` is the base address of a PL011 " #~ "device,\n" #~ " // and nothing else accesses that address range.\n" #~ " let mut uart = unsafe { Uart::new(PL011_BASE_ADDRESS) };\n" #~ "\n" #~ " writeln!(uart, \"main({x0:#x}, {x1:#x}, {x2:#x}, {x3:#x})\")." #~ "unwrap();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " loop {\n" #~ " if let Some(byte) = uart.read_byte() {\n" #~ " uart.write_byte(byte);\n" #~ " match byte {\n" #~ " b'\\r' => {\n" #~ " uart.write_byte(b'\\n');\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " b'q' => break,\n" #~ " _ => {}\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " writeln!(uart, \"Bye!\").unwrap();\n" #~ " system_off::().unwrap();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "#![no_main]\n" #~ "#![no_std]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "excepții mod;\n" #~ "mod pl011;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use crate::pl011::Uart;\n" #~ "use core::fmt::Write;\n" #~ "use core::panic::PanicInfo;\n" #~ "use log::error;\n" #~ "use smccc::psci::system_off;\n" #~ "use smccc::Hvc;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Adresa de bază a UART PL011 primară.\n" #~ "const PL011_BASE_ADDRESS: *mut u32 = 0x900_0000 as _;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[no_mangle]\n" #~ "extern \"C\" fn main(x0: u64, x1: u64, x2: u64, x3: u64) {\n" #~ " // Sigur, deoarece `PL011_BASE_ADDRESS` este adresa de bază a unui " #~ "dispozitiv PL011,\n" #~ " // și nimic altceva nu accesează acest interval de adrese.\n" #~ " let mut uart = unsafe { Uart::new(PL011_BASE_ADDRESS) };\n" #~ "\n" #~ " writeln!(uart, \"main({x0:#x}, {x1:#x}, {x2:#x}, {x3:#x})\")." #~ "unwrap();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " loop {\n" #~ " if let Some(byte) = uart.read_byte() {\n" #~ " uart.write_byte(byte);\n" #~ " match byte {\n" #~ " b'\\r' => {\n" #~ " uart.write_byte(b'\\n');\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " b'q' => break,\n" #~ " _ => {}\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " writeln!(uart, \"Bye!\").unwrap();\n" #~ " system_off:::().unwrap();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "use crate::pl011::Uart;\n" #~ "use core::fmt::Write;\n" #~ "use log::{LevelFilter, Log, Metadata, Record, SetLoggerError};\n" #~ "use spin::mutex::SpinMutex;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "static LOGGER: Logger = Logger {\n" #~ " uart: SpinMutex::new(None),\n" #~ "};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "struct Logger {\n" #~ " uart: SpinMutex>,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Log for Logger {\n" #~ " fn enabled(&self, _metadata: &Metadata) -> bool {\n" #~ " true\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn log(&self, record: &Record) {\n" #~ " writeln!(\n" #~ " self.uart.lock().as_mut().unwrap(),\n" #~ " \"[{}] {}\",\n" #~ " record.level(),\n" #~ " record.args()\n" #~ " )\n" #~ " .unwrap();\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn flush(&self) {}\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Initialises UART logger.\n" #~ "pub fn init(uart: Uart, max_level: LevelFilter) -> Result<(), " #~ "SetLoggerError> {\n" #~ " LOGGER.uart.lock().replace(uart);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " log::set_logger(&LOGGER)?;\n" #~ " log::set_max_level(max_level);\n" #~ " Ok(())\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "use crate::pl011::Uart;\n" #~ "use core::fmt::Write;\n" #~ "use log::{LevelFilter, Log, Metadata, Record, SetLoggerError};\n" #~ "use spin::mutex::SpinMutex;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "static LOGGER: Logger = Logger {\n" #~ " uart: SpinMutex::new(None),\n" #~ "};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "struct Logger {\n" #~ " uart: SpinMutex<Option>,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Log for Logger {\n" #~ " fn enabled(&self, _metadata: &Metadata) -> bool {\n" #~ " true\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn log(&self, record: &Record) {\n" #~ " writeln!(\n" #~ " self.uart.lock().as_mut().unwrap(),\n" #~ " \"[{}] {}\",\n" #~ " record.level(),\n" #~ " record.args()\n" #~ " )\n" #~ " .unwrap();\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn flush(&self) {}\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Inițializează loggerul UART.\n" #~ "pub fn init(uart: Uart, max_level: LevelFilter) -> Result<(), " #~ "SetLoggerError> {\n" #~ " LOGGER.uart.lock().replace(uart);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " log::set_logger(&LOGGER)?;\n" #~ " log::set_max_level(max_level);\n" #~ " Ok((())\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "#![no_main]\n" #~ "#![no_std]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "mod exceptions;\n" #~ "mod logger;\n" #~ "mod pl011;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use crate::pl011::Uart;\n" #~ "use core::panic::PanicInfo;\n" #~ "use log::{error, info, LevelFilter};\n" #~ "use smccc::psci::system_off;\n" #~ "use smccc::Hvc;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Base address of the primary PL011 UART.\n" #~ "const PL011_BASE_ADDRESS: *mut u32 = 0x900_0000 as _;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[no_mangle]\n" #~ "extern \"C\" fn main(x0: u64, x1: u64, x2: u64, x3: u64) {\n" #~ " // Safe because `PL011_BASE_ADDRESS` is the base address of a PL011 " #~ "device,\n" #~ " // and nothing else accesses that address range.\n" #~ " let uart = unsafe { Uart::new(PL011_BASE_ADDRESS) };\n" #~ " logger::init(uart, LevelFilter::Trace).unwrap();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " info!(\"main({x0:#x}, {x1:#x}, {x2:#x}, {x3:#x})\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " assert_eq!(x1, 42);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " system_off::().unwrap();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[panic_handler]\n" #~ "fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {\n" #~ " error!(\"{info}\");\n" #~ " system_off::().unwrap();\n" #~ " loop {}\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "#![no_main]\n" #~ "#![no_std]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "excepții mod;\n" #~ "mod logger;\n" #~ "mod pl011;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use crate::pl011::Uart;\n" #~ "use core::panic::PanicInfo;\n" #~ "use log::{error, info, LevelFilter};\n" #~ "use smccc::psci::system_off;\n" #~ "use smccc::Hvc;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Adresa de bază a UART PL011 primară.\n" #~ "const PL011_BASE_ADDRESS: *mut u32 = 0x900_0000 as _;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[no_mangle]\n" #~ "extern \"C\" fn main(x0: u64, x1: u64, x2: u64, x3: u64) {\n" #~ " // Sigur, deoarece `PL011_BASE_ADDRESS` este adresa de bază a unui " #~ "dispozitiv PL011,\n" #~ " // și nimic altceva nu accesează acest interval de adrese.\n" #~ " let uart = unsafe { Uart::new(PL011_BASE_ADDRESS) };\n" #~ " logger::init(uart, LevelFilter::Trace).unwrap();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " info!(\"main({x0:#x}, {x1:#x}, {x2:#x}, {x3:#x})\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " assert_eq!(x1, 42);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " system_off::().unwrap();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[panic_handler]\n" #~ "fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {\n" #~ " error!(\"{info}\");\n" #~ " system_off:::().unwrap();\n" #~ " bucla {}\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "use aarch64_paging::{\n" #~ " idmap::IdMap,\n" #~ " paging::{Attributes, MemoryRegion},\n" #~ "};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "const ASID: usize = 1;\n" #~ "const ROOT_LEVEL: usize = 1;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// Create a new page table with identity mapping.\n" #~ "let mut idmap = IdMap::new(ASID, ROOT_LEVEL);\n" #~ "// Map a 2 MiB region of memory as read-only.\n" #~ "idmap.map_range(\n" #~ " &MemoryRegion::new(0x80200000, 0x80400000),\n" #~ " Attributes::NORMAL | Attributes::NON_GLOBAL | Attributes::READ_ONLY,\n" #~ ").unwrap();\n" #~ "// Set `TTBR0_EL1` to activate the page table.\n" #~ "idmap.activate();\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "use aarch64_paging::{\n" #~ " idmap::IdMap,\n" #~ " paginare::{Attributes, MemoryRegion},\n" #~ "};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "const ASID: usize = 1;\n" #~ "const ROOT_LEVEL: usize = 1;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// Creați o nouă tabelă de pagini cu corespondență de identitate.\n" #~ "let mut idmap = IdMap::new(ASID, ROOT_LEVEL);\n" #~ "// Mapă o regiune de 2 MiB de memorie ca fiind de numai citire.\n" #~ "idmap.map_range(\n" #~ " &MemoryRegion::new(0x80200000, 0x80400000),\n" #~ " Attributes::NORMAL | Attributes::NON_GLOBAL | Attributes::READ_ONLY,\n" #~ ").unwrap();\n" #~ "// Setați `TTBR0_EL1` pentru a activa tabelul de pagini.\n" #~ "idmap.activate();\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "#![no_main]\n" #~ "#![no_std]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "mod exceptions;\n" #~ "mod logger;\n" #~ "mod pl011;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use crate::pl011::Uart;\n" #~ "use arm_gic::gicv3::GicV3;\n" #~ "use core::panic::PanicInfo;\n" #~ "use log::{error, info, trace, LevelFilter};\n" #~ "use smccc::psci::system_off;\n" #~ "use smccc::Hvc;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Base addresses of the GICv3.\n" #~ "const GICD_BASE_ADDRESS: *mut u64 = 0x800_0000 as _;\n" #~ "const GICR_BASE_ADDRESS: *mut u64 = 0x80A_0000 as _;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Base address of the primary PL011 UART.\n" #~ "const PL011_BASE_ADDRESS: *mut u32 = 0x900_0000 as _;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[no_mangle]\n" #~ "extern \"C\" fn main(x0: u64, x1: u64, x2: u64, x3: u64) {\n" #~ " // Safe because `PL011_BASE_ADDRESS` is the base address of a PL011 " #~ "device,\n" #~ " // and nothing else accesses that address range.\n" #~ " let uart = unsafe { Uart::new(PL011_BASE_ADDRESS) };\n" #~ " logger::init(uart, LevelFilter::Trace).unwrap();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " info!(\"main({:#x}, {:#x}, {:#x}, {:#x})\", x0, x1, x2, x3);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Safe because `GICD_BASE_ADDRESS` and `GICR_BASE_ADDRESS` are the " #~ "base\n" #~ " // addresses of a GICv3 distributor and redistributor respectively, " #~ "and\n" #~ " // nothing else accesses those address ranges.\n" #~ " let mut gic = unsafe { GicV3::new(GICD_BASE_ADDRESS, " #~ "GICR_BASE_ADDRESS) };\n" #~ " gic.setup();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // TODO: Create instance of RTC driver and print current time.\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // TODO: Wait for 3 seconds.\n" #~ "\n" #~ " system_off::().unwrap();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[panic_handler]\n" #~ "fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {\n" #~ " error!(\"{info}\");\n" #~ " system_off::().unwrap();\n" #~ " loop {}\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "#![no_main]\n" #~ "#![no_std]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "excepții mod;\n" #~ "mod logger;\n" #~ "mod pl011;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use crate::pl011::Uart;\n" #~ "use arm_gic::gicv3::GicV3;\n" #~ "use core::panic::PanicInfo;\n" #~ "use log::{error, info, trace, LevelFilter};\n" #~ "use smccc::psci::system_off;\n" #~ "use smccc::Hvc;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Adresele de bază ale GICv3.\n" #~ "const GICD_BASE_ADDRESS: *mut u64 = 0x800_0000 as _;\n" #~ "const GICR_BASE_ADDRESS: *mut u64 = 0x80A_0000 ca _;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Adresa de bază a UART primară PL011.\n" #~ "const PL011_BASE_ADDRESS: *mut u32 = 0x900_0000 as _;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[no_mangle]\n" #~ "extern \"C\" fn main(x0: u64, x1: u64, x2: u64, x3: u64) {\n" #~ " // Sigur, deoarece `PL011_BASE_ADDRESS` este adresa de bază a unui " #~ "dispozitiv PL011,\n" #~ " // și nimic altceva nu accesează acest interval de adrese.\n" #~ " let uart = unsafe { Uart::new(PL011_BASE_ADDRESS) };\n" #~ " logger::init(uart, LevelFilter::Trace).unwrap();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " info!(\"main({:#x}, {:#x}, {:#x}, {:#x})\", x0, x1, x2, x3);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Sigur, deoarece `GICD_BASE_ADDRESS` și `GICR_BASE_ADDRESS` " #~ "reprezintă baza\n" #~ " // adrese ale unui distribuitor și, respectiv, redistribuitor GICv3, " #~ "iar\n" #~ " // nimic altceva nu accesează aceste intervale de adrese.\n" #~ " let mut gic = unsafe { GicV3::new(GICD_BASE_ADDRESS, " #~ "GICR_BASE_ADDRESS) };\n" #~ " gic.setup();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // TODO: Creați o instanță a driverului RTC și imprimați ora " #~ "curentă.\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // TODO: Așteptați 3 secunde.\n" #~ "\n" #~ " system_off:::().unwrap();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[panic_handler]\n" #~ "fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {\n" #~ " error!(\"{info}\");\n" #~ " system_off:::().unwrap();\n" #~ " bucla {}\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "// Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" #~ "//\n" #~ "// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n" #~ "// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n" #~ "// You may obtain a copy of the License at\n" #~ "//\n" #~ "// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" #~ "//\n" #~ "// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n" #~ "// distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n" #~ "// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or " #~ "implied.\n" #~ "// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n" #~ "// limitations under the License.\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use arm_gic::gicv3::GicV3;\n" #~ "use log::{error, info, trace};\n" #~ "use smccc::psci::system_off;\n" #~ "use smccc::Hvc;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[no_mangle]\n" #~ "extern \"C\" fn sync_exception_current(_elr: u64, _spsr: u64) {\n" #~ " error!(\"sync_exception_current\");\n" #~ " system_off::().unwrap();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[no_mangle]\n" #~ "extern \"C\" fn irq_current(_elr: u64, _spsr: u64) {\n" #~ " trace!(\"irq_current\");\n" #~ " let intid = GicV3::get_and_acknowledge_interrupt().expect(\"No " #~ "pending interrupt\");\n" #~ " info!(\"IRQ {intid:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[no_mangle]\n" #~ "extern \"C\" fn fiq_current(_elr: u64, _spsr: u64) {\n" #~ " error!(\"fiq_current\");\n" #~ " system_off::().unwrap();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[no_mangle]\n" #~ "extern \"C\" fn serr_current(_elr: u64, _spsr: u64) {\n" #~ " error!(\"serr_current\");\n" #~ " system_off::().unwrap();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[no_mangle]\n" #~ "extern \"C\" fn sync_lower(_elr: u64, _spsr: u64) {\n" #~ " error!(\"sync_lower\");\n" #~ " system_off::().unwrap();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[no_mangle]\n" #~ "extern \"C\" fn irq_lower(_elr: u64, _spsr: u64) {\n" #~ " error!(\"irq_lower\");\n" #~ " system_off::().unwrap();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[no_mangle]\n" #~ "extern \"C\" fn fiq_lower(_elr: u64, _spsr: u64) {\n" #~ " error!(\"fiq_lower\");\n" #~ " system_off::().unwrap();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[no_mangle]\n" #~ "extern \"C\" fn serr_lower(_elr: u64, _spsr: u64) {\n" #~ " error!(\"serr_lower\");\n" #~ " system_off::().unwrap();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "// Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" #~ "//\n" #~ "// Licențiat sub Licența Apache, versiunea 2.0 (denumită în continuare " #~ "\"Licența\");\n" #~ "// nu aveți voie să utilizați acest fișier decât în conformitate cu " #~ "Licența.\n" #~ "// Puteți obține o copie a Licenței la adresa\n" #~ "//\n" #~ "// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" #~ "//\n" #~ "// Cu excepția cazului în care legea aplicabilă o impune sau se convine " #~ "în scris, software-ul\n" #~ "// distribuit în temeiul licenței este distribuit pe o BAZĂ \"AS IS\",\n" #~ "// FĂRĂ GARANȚII SAU CONDIȚII DE NICI UN FEL, fie ele exprese sau " #~ "implicite.\n" #~ "// Consultați Licența pentru limbajul specific care reglementează " #~ "permisiunile și\n" #~ "// limitări în cadrul Licenței.\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use arm_gic::gicv3::GicV3;\n" #~ "use log::{error, info, trace};\n" #~ "use smccc::psci::system_off;\n" #~ "use smccc::Hvc;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[no_mangle]\n" #~ "extern \"C\" fn sync_exception_current(_elr: u64, _spsr: u64) {\n" #~ " error!(\"sync_exception_current\");\n" #~ " system_off:::().unwrap();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[no_mangle]\n" #~ "extern \"C\" fn irq_current(_elr: u64, _spsr: u64) {\n" #~ " trace!(\"irq_current\");\n" #~ " let intid = GicV3::get_and_acknowledge_interrupt().expect(\"No " #~ "pending interrupt\");\n" #~ " info!(\"IRQ {intid:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[no_mangle]\n" #~ "extern \"C\" fn fiq_current(_elr: u64, _spsr: u64) {\n" #~ " error!(\"fiq_current\");\n" #~ " system_off:::().unwrap();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[no_mangle]\n" #~ "extern \"C\" fn serr_current(_elr: u64, _spsr: u64) {\n" #~ " error!(\"serr_current\");\n" #~ " system_off:::().unwrap();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[no_mangle]\n" #~ "extern \"C\" fn sync_lower(_elr: u64, _spsr: u64) {\n" #~ " error!(\"sync_lower\");\n" #~ " system_off:::().unwrap();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[no_mangle]\n" #~ "extern \"C\" fn irq_lower(_elr: u64, _spsr: u64) {\n" #~ " error!(\"irq_lower\");\n" #~ " system_off:::().unwrap();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[no_mangle]\n" #~ "extern \"C\" fn fiq_lower(_elr: u64, _spsr: u64) {\n" #~ " error!(\"fiq_lower\");\n" #~ " system_off:::().unwrap();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[no_mangle]\n" #~ "extern \"C\" fn serr_lower(_elr: u64, _spsr: u64) {\n" #~ " error!(\"serr_lower\");\n" #~ " system_off:::().unwrap();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "// Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" #~ "//\n" #~ "// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n" #~ "// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n" #~ "// You may obtain a copy of the License at\n" #~ "//\n" #~ "// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" #~ "//\n" #~ "// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n" #~ "// distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n" #~ "// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or " #~ "implied.\n" #~ "// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n" #~ "// limitations under the License.\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// ANCHOR: main\n" #~ "use crate::pl011::Uart;\n" #~ "use core::fmt::Write;\n" #~ "use log::{LevelFilter, Log, Metadata, Record, SetLoggerError};\n" #~ "use spin::mutex::SpinMutex;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "static LOGGER: Logger = Logger {\n" #~ " uart: SpinMutex::new(None),\n" #~ "};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "struct Logger {\n" #~ " uart: SpinMutex>,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Log for Logger {\n" #~ " fn enabled(&self, _metadata: &Metadata) -> bool {\n" #~ " true\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn log(&self, record: &Record) {\n" #~ " writeln!(\n" #~ " self.uart.lock().as_mut().unwrap(),\n" #~ " \"[{}] {}\",\n" #~ " record.level(),\n" #~ " record.args()\n" #~ " )\n" #~ " .unwrap();\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn flush(&self) {}\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Initialises UART logger.\n" #~ "pub fn init(uart: Uart, max_level: LevelFilter) -> Result<(), " #~ "SetLoggerError> {\n" #~ " LOGGER.uart.lock().replace(uart);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " log::set_logger(&LOGGER)?;\n" #~ " log::set_max_level(max_level);\n" #~ " Ok(())\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "// Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" #~ "//\n" #~ "// Licențiat sub Licența Apache, versiunea 2.0 (denumită în continuare " #~ "\"Licența\");\n" #~ "// nu aveți voie să utilizați acest fișier decât în conformitate cu " #~ "Licența.\n" #~ "// Puteți obține o copie a Licenței la adresa\n" #~ "//\n" #~ "// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" #~ "//\n" #~ "// Cu excepția cazului în care legea aplicabilă o impune sau se convine " #~ "în scris, software-ul\n" #~ "// distribuit în temeiul licenței este distribuit pe o BAZĂ \"AS IS\",\n" #~ "// FĂRĂ GARANȚII SAU CONDIȚII DE NICI UN FEL, fie ele exprese sau " #~ "implicite.\n" #~ "// Consultați Licența pentru limbajul specific care reglementează " #~ "permisiunile și\n" #~ "// limitări în cadrul Licenței.\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// ANCHETĂ: principal\n" #~ "use crate::pl011::Uart;\n" #~ "use core::fmt::Write;\n" #~ "use log::{LevelFilter, Log, Metadata, Record, SetLoggerError};\n" #~ "use spin::mutex::SpinMutex;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "static LOGGER: Logger = Logger {\n" #~ " uart: SpinMutex::new(None),\n" #~ "};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "struct Logger {\n" #~ " uart: SpinMutex<Option>,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Log for Logger {\n" #~ " fn enabled(&self, _metadata: &Metadata) -> bool {\n" #~ " true\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn log(&self, record: &Record) {\n" #~ " writeln!(\n" #~ " self.uart.lock().as_mut().unwrap(),\n" #~ " \"[{}] {}\",\n" #~ " record.level(),\n" #~ " record.args()\n" #~ " )\n" #~ " .unwrap();\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn flush(&self) {}\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Inițializează loggerul UART.\n" #~ "pub fn init(uart: Uart, max_level: LevelFilter) -> Result<(), " #~ "SetLoggerError> {\n" #~ " LOGGER.uart.lock().replace(uart);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " log::set_logger(&LOGGER)?;\n" #~ " log::set_max_level(max_level);\n" #~ " Ok((())\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "// Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" #~ "//\n" #~ "// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n" #~ "// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n" #~ "// You may obtain a copy of the License at\n" #~ "//\n" #~ "// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" #~ "//\n" #~ "// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n" #~ "// distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n" #~ "// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or " #~ "implied.\n" #~ "// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n" #~ "// limitations under the License.\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#![allow(unused)]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use core::fmt::{self, Write};\n" #~ "use core::ptr::{addr_of, addr_of_mut};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// ANCHOR: Flags\n" #~ "use bitflags::bitflags;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "bitflags! {\n" #~ " /// Flags from the UART flag register.\n" #~ " #[repr(transparent)]\n" #~ " #[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]\n" #~ " struct Flags: u16 {\n" #~ " /// Clear to send.\n" #~ " const CTS = 1 << 0;\n" #~ " /// Data set ready.\n" #~ " const DSR = 1 << 1;\n" #~ " /// Data carrier detect.\n" #~ " const DCD = 1 << 2;\n" #~ " /// UART busy transmitting data.\n" #~ " const BUSY = 1 << 3;\n" #~ " /// Receive FIFO is empty.\n" #~ " const RXFE = 1 << 4;\n" #~ " /// Transmit FIFO is full.\n" #~ " const TXFF = 1 << 5;\n" #~ " /// Receive FIFO is full.\n" #~ " const RXFF = 1 << 6;\n" #~ " /// Transmit FIFO is empty.\n" #~ " const TXFE = 1 << 7;\n" #~ " /// Ring indicator.\n" #~ " const RI = 1 << 8;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "// ANCHOR_END: Flags\n" #~ "\n" #~ "bitflags! {\n" #~ " /// Flags from the UART Receive Status Register / Error Clear " #~ "Register.\n" #~ " #[repr(transparent)]\n" #~ " #[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]\n" #~ " struct ReceiveStatus: u16 {\n" #~ " /// Framing error.\n" #~ " const FE = 1 << 0;\n" #~ " /// Parity error.\n" #~ " const PE = 1 << 1;\n" #~ " /// Break error.\n" #~ " const BE = 1 << 2;\n" #~ " /// Overrun error.\n" #~ " const OE = 1 << 3;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// ANCHOR: Registers\n" #~ "#[repr(C, align(4))]\n" #~ "struct Registers {\n" #~ " dr: u16,\n" #~ " _reserved0: [u8; 2],\n" #~ " rsr: ReceiveStatus,\n" #~ " _reserved1: [u8; 19],\n" #~ " fr: Flags,\n" #~ " _reserved2: [u8; 6],\n" #~ " ilpr: u8,\n" #~ " _reserved3: [u8; 3],\n" #~ " ibrd: u16,\n" #~ " _reserved4: [u8; 2],\n" #~ " fbrd: u8,\n" #~ " _reserved5: [u8; 3],\n" #~ " lcr_h: u8,\n" #~ " _reserved6: [u8; 3],\n" #~ " cr: u16,\n" #~ " _reserved7: [u8; 3],\n" #~ " ifls: u8,\n" #~ " _reserved8: [u8; 3],\n" #~ " imsc: u16,\n" #~ " _reserved9: [u8; 2],\n" #~ " ris: u16,\n" #~ " _reserved10: [u8; 2],\n" #~ " mis: u16,\n" #~ " _reserved11: [u8; 2],\n" #~ " icr: u16,\n" #~ " _reserved12: [u8; 2],\n" #~ " dmacr: u8,\n" #~ " _reserved13: [u8; 3],\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "// ANCHOR_END: Registers\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// ANCHOR: Uart\n" #~ "/// Driver for a PL011 UART.\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "pub struct Uart {\n" #~ " registers: *mut Registers,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Uart {\n" #~ " /// Constructs a new instance of the UART driver for a PL011 device " #~ "at the\n" #~ " /// given base address.\n" #~ " ///\n" #~ " /// # Safety\n" #~ " ///\n" #~ " /// The given base address must point to the MMIO control registers " #~ "of a\n" #~ " /// PL011 device, which must be mapped into the address space of the " #~ "process\n" #~ " /// as device memory and not have any other aliases.\n" #~ " pub unsafe fn new(base_address: *mut u32) -> Self {\n" #~ " Self {\n" #~ " registers: base_address as *mut Registers,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// Writes a single byte to the UART.\n" #~ " pub fn write_byte(&self, byte: u8) {\n" #~ " // Wait until there is room in the TX buffer.\n" #~ " while self.read_flag_register().contains(Flags::TXFF) {}\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Safe because we know that self.registers points to the " #~ "control\n" #~ " // registers of a PL011 device which is appropriately mapped.\n" #~ " unsafe {\n" #~ " // Write to the TX buffer.\n" #~ " addr_of_mut!((*self.registers).dr).write_volatile(byte." #~ "into());\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Wait until the UART is no longer busy.\n" #~ " while self.read_flag_register().contains(Flags::BUSY) {}\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// Reads and returns a pending byte, or `None` if nothing has been " #~ "received.\n" #~ " pub fn read_byte(&self) -> Option {\n" #~ " if self.read_flag_register().contains(Flags::RXFE) {\n" #~ " None\n" #~ " } else {\n" #~ " let data = unsafe { addr_of!((*self.registers).dr)." #~ "read_volatile() };\n" #~ " // TODO: Check for error conditions in bits 8-11.\n" #~ " Some(data as u8)\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn read_flag_register(&self) -> Flags {\n" #~ " // Safe because we know that self.registers points to the " #~ "control\n" #~ " // registers of a PL011 device which is appropriately mapped.\n" #~ " unsafe { addr_of!((*self.registers).fr).read_volatile() }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "// ANCHOR_END: Uart\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Write for Uart {\n" #~ " fn write_str(&mut self, s: &str) -> fmt::Result {\n" #~ " for c in s.as_bytes() {\n" #~ " self.write_byte(*c);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " Ok(())\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// Safe because it just contains a pointer to device memory, which can " #~ "be\n" #~ "// accessed from any context.\n" #~ "unsafe impl Send for Uart {}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "// Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" #~ "//\n" #~ "// Licențiat sub Licența Apache, versiunea 2.0 (denumită în continuare " #~ "\"Licența\");\n" #~ "// nu aveți voie să utilizați acest fișier decât în conformitate cu " #~ "Licența.\n" #~ "// Puteți obține o copie a Licenței la adresa\n" #~ "//\n" #~ "// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" #~ "//\n" #~ "// Cu excepția cazului în care legea aplicabilă o impune sau se convine " #~ "în scris, software-ul\n" #~ "// distribuit în temeiul licenței este distribuit pe o BAZĂ \"AS IS\",\n" #~ "// FĂRĂ GARANȚII SAU CONDIȚII DE NICI UN FEL, fie ele exprese sau " #~ "implicite.\n" #~ "// Consultați Licența pentru limbajul specific care reglementează " #~ "permisiunile și\n" #~ "// limitări în cadrul Licenței.\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#![allow(unused)]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use core::fmt::{self, Write};\n" #~ "use core::ptr::{addr_of, addr_of_mut};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// ANCHOR: Flags\n" #~ "use bitflags::bitflags;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "bitflags! {\n" #~ " /// Semnalizatoare din registrul de semnalizare UART.\n" #~ " #[repr(transparent)]\n" #~ " #[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]]\n" #~ " struct Flags: u16 {\n" #~ " /// Clear to send.\n" #~ " const CTS = 1 << 0;\n" #~ " /// Set de date pregătit.\n" #~ " const DSR = 1 << 1;\n" #~ " /// Data carrier detect.\n" #~ " const DCD = 1 << 2;\n" #~ " /// UART ocupată să transmită date.\n" #~ " const BUSY = 1 << 3;\n" #~ " /// Receive FIFO este gol.\n" #~ " const RXFE = 1 << 4;\n" #~ " /// Transmit FIFO este plin.\n" #~ " const TXFF = 1 << 5;\n" #~ " /// Receive FIFO este plin.\n" #~ " const RXFF = 1 << 6;\n" #~ " /// Transmit FIFO este gol.\n" #~ " const TXFE = 1 << 7;\n" #~ " /// Indicator de inel.\n" #~ " const RI = 1 << 8;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "// ANCHOR_END: Steaguri\n" #~ "\n" #~ "bitflags! {\n" #~ " /// Flags din registrul de stare de recepție UART / registrul de " #~ "ștergere a erorilor.\n" #~ " #[repr(transparent)]\n" #~ " #[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]]\n" #~ " struct ReceiveStatus: u16 {\n" #~ " /// Framing error.\n" #~ " const FE = 1 << 0;\n" #~ " /// Eroare de paritate.\n" #~ " const PE = 1 << 1;\n" #~ " /// Eroare de întrerupere.\n" #~ " const BE = 1 << 2;\n" #~ " /// Eroare de depășire.\n" #~ " const OE = 1 << 3;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// ANCHETĂ: Registre\n" #~ "#[repr(C, align(4))]\n" #~ "struct Registers {\n" #~ " dr: u16,\n" #~ " _reserved0: [u8; 2],\n" #~ " rsr: ReceiveStatus,\n" #~ " _reserved1: [u8; 19],\n" #~ " fr: Flags,\n" #~ " _reserved2: [u8; 6],\n" #~ " ilpr: u8,\n" #~ " _reserved3: [u8; 3],\n" #~ " ibrd: u16,\n" #~ " _reserved4: [u8; 2],\n" #~ " fbrd: u8,\n" #~ " _reserved5: [u8; 3],\n" #~ " lcr_h: u8,\n" #~ " _reserved6: [u8; 3],\n" #~ " cr: u16,\n" #~ " _rezervat7: [u8; 3],\n" #~ " ifls: u8,\n" #~ " _reserved8: [u8; 3],\n" #~ " imsc: u16,\n" #~ " _rezervat9: [u8; 2],\n" #~ " ris: u16,\n" #~ " _reserved10: [u8; 2],\n" #~ " mis: u16,\n" #~ " _rezervat11: [u8; 2],\n" #~ " icr: u16,\n" #~ " _rezervat12: [u8; 2],\n" #~ " dmacr: u8,\n" #~ " _reserved13: [u8; 3],\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "// ANCHOR_END: Registre\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// ANCHOR: Uart\n" #~ "/// Driver pentru un UART PL011.\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "pub struct Uart {\n" #~ " registers: *mut Registers,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Uart {\n" #~ " /// Construiește o nouă instanță a driverului UART pentru un " #~ "dispozitiv PL011 la nivelul\n" #~ " /// adresa de bază dată.\n" #~ " ///\n" #~ " /// # Siguranță\n" #~ " ///\n" #~ " /// Adresa de bază dată trebuie să indice registrele de control MMIO " #~ "ale unui dispozitiv de tip\n" #~ " /// PL011, care trebuie să fie mapate în spațiul de adrese al " #~ "procesului\n" #~ " /// ca memorie a dispozitivului și să nu aibă alte pseudonime.\n" #~ " pub unsafe fn new(base_address: *mut u32) -> Self {\n" #~ " Self {\n" #~ " registers: base_address as *mut Registers,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// Scrie un singur octet pe UART.\n" #~ " pub fn write_byte(&self, byte: u8) {\n" #~ " // Așteaptă până când există loc în memoria tampon TX.\n" #~ " while self.read_flag_register().contains(Flags::TXFF) {}\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Sigur, deoarece știm că self.registers indică controlul\n" #~ " // registre ale unui dispozitiv PL011 care este mapat " #~ "corespunzător.\n" #~ " nesigur {\n" #~ " // Scrieți în memoria tampon TX.\n" #~ " addr_of_mut!((*self.registers).dr).write_volatile(byte." #~ "into());\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Așteptați până când UART-ul nu mai este ocupat.\n" #~ " while self.read_flag_register().contains(Flags::BUSY) {}\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// Citește și returnează un octet în așteptare sau `None` dacă nu a " #~ "fost primit nimic.\n" #~ " pub fn read_byte(&self) -> Option {\n" #~ " if self.read_flag_register().contains(Flags::RXFE) {\n" #~ " None\n" #~ " } else {\n" #~ " let data = unsafe { addr_of!((*self.registers).dr)." #~ "read_volatile() };\n" #~ " // TODO: Verificați dacă există condiții de eroare în biții " #~ "8-11.\n" #~ " Some(data as u8)\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn read_flag_register(&self) -> Flags {\n" #~ " // Sigur, deoarece știm că self.registers indică controlul\n" #~ " // registre ale unui dispozitiv PL011 care este mapat " #~ "corespunzător.\n" #~ " unsafe { addr_of!((*self.registers).fr).read_volatile() } }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "// ANCHOR_END: Uart\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Write pentru Uart {\n" #~ " fn write_str(&mut self, s: &str) -> fmt::Result {\n" #~ " for c in s.as_bytes() {\n" #~ " self.write_byte(*c);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " Ok((())\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// Sigur, deoarece conține doar un pointer către memoria dispozitivului, " #~ "care poate fi\n" #~ "// accesată din orice context.\n" #~ "unsafe impl Send pentru Uart {}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```makefile\n" #~ "# Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" #~ "#\n" #~ "# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n" #~ "# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n" #~ "# You may obtain a copy of the License at\n" #~ "#\n" #~ "# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" #~ "#\n" #~ "# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n" #~ "# distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n" #~ "# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or " #~ "implied.\n" #~ "# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n" #~ "# limitations under the License.\n" #~ "\n" #~ "UNAME := $(shell uname -s)\n" #~ "ifeq ($(UNAME),Linux)\n" #~ "\tTARGET = aarch64-linux-gnu\n" #~ "else\n" #~ "\tTARGET = aarch64-none-elf\n" #~ "endif\n" #~ "OBJCOPY = $(TARGET)-objcopy\n" #~ "\n" #~ ".PHONY: build qemu_minimal qemu qemu_logger\n" #~ "\n" #~ "all: rtc.bin\n" #~ "\n" #~ "build:\n" #~ "\tcargo build\n" #~ "\n" #~ "rtc.bin: build\n" #~ "\t$(OBJCOPY) -O binary target/aarch64-unknown-none/debug/rtc $@\n" #~ "\n" #~ "qemu: rtc.bin\n" #~ "\tqemu-system-aarch64 -machine virt,gic-version=3 -cpu max -serial mon:" #~ "stdio -display none -kernel $< -s\n" #~ "\n" #~ "clean:\n" #~ "\tcargo clean\n" #~ "\trm -f *.bin\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```makefile\n" #~ "# Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" #~ "#\n" #~ "# Licențiat sub licența Apache License, versiunea 2.0 (\"Licența\");\n" #~ "# nu aveți voie să utilizați acest fișier decât în conformitate cu " #~ "Licența.\n" #~ "# Puteți obține o copie a Licenței la adresa\n" #~ "#\n" #~ "# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" #~ "#\n" #~ "# Cu excepția cazului în care legea aplicabilă o impune sau se convine în " #~ "scris, software-ul\n" #~ "# distribuit în temeiul licenței este distribuit pe o BAZĂ \"AS IS\",\n" #~ "# FĂRĂ GARANȚII SAU CONDIȚII DE NICI UN FEL, fie ele exprese sau " #~ "implicite.\n" #~ "# Consultați Licența pentru limbajul specific care reglementează " #~ "permisiunile și\n" #~ "# limitări în cadrul licenței.\n" #~ "\n" #~ "UNAME := $(shell uname -s)\n" #~ "ifeq ($(UNAME),Linux)\n" #~ "\tTARGET = aarch64-linux-gnu\n" #~ "else\n" #~ "\tTARGET = aarch64-none-elf\n" #~ "endif\n" #~ "OBJCOPY = $(TARGET)-objcopy\n" #~ "\n" #~ ".PHONY: build qemu_minimal qemu qemu_logger\n" #~ "\n" #~ "all: rtc.bin\n" #~ "\n" #~ "build:\n" #~ "\tcargo build\n" #~ "\n" #~ "rtc.bin: build\n" #~ "\t$(OBJCOPY) -O binary target/aarch64-unknown-none/debug/rtc $@\n" #~ "\n" #~ "qemu: rtc.bin\n" #~ "\tqemu-system-aarch64 -machine virt,gic-version=3 -cpu max -serial mon:" #~ "stdio -display none -kernel $< -s -s\n" #~ "\n" #~ "clean:\n" #~ "\tcargo clean\n" #~ "\trm -f *.bin\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "use std::thread;\n" #~ "use std::time::Duration;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " thread::spawn(|| {\n" #~ " for i in 1..10 {\n" #~ " println!(\"Count in thread: {i}!\");\n" #~ " thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(5));\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " });\n" #~ "\n" #~ " for i in 1..5 {\n" #~ " println!(\"Main thread: {i}\");\n" #~ " thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(5));\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "folosește std::thread;\n" #~ "use std::time::Duration;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " thread::spawn(|| {|\n" #~ " for i in 1..10 {\n" #~ " println!(\"Număr în fir: {i}!\");\n" #~ " thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(5));\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " });\n" #~ "\n" #~ " for i in 1..5 {\n" #~ " println!(\"Fire principală: {i}\");\n" #~ " thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(5));\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "use std::thread;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn foo() {\n" #~ " let s = String::from(\"Hello\");\n" #~ " thread::spawn(|| {\n" #~ " println!(\"Length: {}\", s.len());\n" #~ " });\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " foo();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "folosește std::thread;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn foo() {\n" #~ " let s = String::from(\"Hello\");\n" #~ " thread::spawn(|| {|\n" #~ " println!(\"Lungime: {}\", s.len());\n" #~ " });\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " foo();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "use std::thread;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let s = String::from(\"Hello\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " thread::scope(|scope| {\n" #~ " scope.spawn(|| {\n" #~ " println!(\"Length: {}\", s.len());\n" #~ " });\n" #~ " });\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "folosește std::thread;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let s = String::from(\"Hello\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " thread::scope(|scope| {\n" #~ " scope.spawn(|| {|\n" #~ " println!(\"Lungime: {}\", s.len());\n" #~ " });\n" #~ " });\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "use std::sync::mpsc;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let (tx, rx) = mpsc::channel();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " tx.send(10).unwrap();\n" #~ " tx.send(20).unwrap();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"Received: {:?}\", rx.recv());\n" #~ " println!(\"Received: {:?}\", rx.recv());\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let tx2 = tx.clone();\n" #~ " tx2.send(30).unwrap();\n" #~ " println!(\"Received: {:?}\", rx.recv());\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "folosiți std::sync::mpsc;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let (tx, rx) = mpsc::channel();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " tx.send(10).unwrap();\n" #~ " tx.send(20).unwrap();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"Received: {:?}\", rx.recv());\n" #~ " println!(\"Received: {:?}\", rx.recv());\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let tx2 = tx.clone();\n" #~ " tx2.send(30).unwrap();\n" #~ " println!(\"Received: {:?}\", rx.recv());\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "use std::sync::mpsc;\n" #~ "use std::thread;\n" #~ "use std::time::Duration;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let (tx, rx) = mpsc::channel();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " thread::spawn(move || {\n" #~ " let thread_id = thread::current().id();\n" #~ " for i in 1..10 {\n" #~ " tx.send(format!(\"Message {i}\")).unwrap();\n" #~ " println!(\"{thread_id:?}: sent Message {i}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " println!(\"{thread_id:?}: done\");\n" #~ " });\n" #~ " thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(100));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " for msg in rx.iter() {\n" #~ " println!(\"Main: got {msg}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "folosiți std::sync::mpsc;\n" #~ "use std::thread;\n" #~ "use std::time::Duration;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let (tx, rx) = mpsc::channel();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " thread::spawn(move || {| {\n" #~ " let thread_id = thread::current().id();\n" #~ " for i in 1..10 {\n" #~ " tx.send(format!(\"Message {i}\")).unwrap();\n" #~ " println!(\"{thread_id:?}: a trimis mesajul {i}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " println!(\"{thread_id:?}: terminat\");\n" #~ " });\n" #~ " thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(100));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " for msg in rx.iter() {\n" #~ " println!(\"Main: got {msg}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "use std::sync::mpsc;\n" #~ "use std::thread;\n" #~ "use std::time::Duration;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let (tx, rx) = mpsc::sync_channel(3);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " thread::spawn(move || {\n" #~ " let thread_id = thread::current().id();\n" #~ " for i in 1..10 {\n" #~ " tx.send(format!(\"Message {i}\")).unwrap();\n" #~ " println!(\"{thread_id:?}: sent Message {i}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " println!(\"{thread_id:?}: done\");\n" #~ " });\n" #~ " thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(100));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " for msg in rx.iter() {\n" #~ " println!(\"Main: got {msg}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "folosiți std::sync::mpsc;\n" #~ "use std::thread;\n" #~ "use std::time::Duration;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let (tx, rx) = mpsc::sync_channel(3);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " thread::spawn(move || {| {\n" #~ " let thread_id = thread::current().id();\n" #~ " for i in 1..10 {\n" #~ " tx.send(format!(\"Message {i}\")).unwrap();\n" #~ " println!(\"{thread_id:?}: a trimis mesajul {i}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " println!(\"{thread_id:?}: terminat\");\n" #~ " });\n" #~ " thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(100));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " for msg in rx.iter() {\n" #~ " println!(\"Main: got {msg}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "use std::thread;\n" #~ "use std::sync::Arc;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let v = Arc::new(vec![10, 20, 30]);\n" #~ " let mut handles = Vec::new();\n" #~ " for _ in 1..5 {\n" #~ " let v = Arc::clone(&v);\n" #~ " handles.push(thread::spawn(move || {\n" #~ " let thread_id = thread::current().id();\n" #~ " println!(\"{thread_id:?}: {v:?}\");\n" #~ " }));\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " handles.into_iter().for_each(|h| h.join().unwrap());\n" #~ " println!(\"v: {v:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "folosește std::thread;\n" #~ "use std::sync::Arc;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let v = Arc::new(vec![10, 20, 30]);\n" #~ " let mut handles = Vec::new();\n" #~ " for _ in 1..5 {\n" #~ " let v = Arc::clone(&v);\n" #~ " handles.push(thread::spawn(move || {| {\n" #~ " let thread_id = thread::current().id();\n" #~ " println!(\"{thread_id:?}: {v:?}\");\n" #~ " }));\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " handles.into_iter().for_each(|h| h.join().unwrap()));\n" #~ " println!(\"v: {v:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "use std::sync::Mutex;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let v = Mutex::new(vec![10, 20, 30]);\n" #~ " println!(\"v: {:?}\", v.lock().unwrap());\n" #~ "\n" #~ " {\n" #~ " let mut guard = v.lock().unwrap();\n" #~ " guard.push(40);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"v: {:?}\", v.lock().unwrap());\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "folosiți std::sync::Mutex;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let v = Mutex::new(vec![10, 20, 30]);\n" #~ " println!(\"v: {:?}\", v.lock().unwrap());\n" #~ "\n" #~ " {\n" #~ " let mut guard = v.lock().unwrap();\n" #~ " guard.push(40);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"v: {:?}\", v.lock().unwrap());\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "use std::thread;\n" #~ "// use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let v = vec![10, 20, 30];\n" #~ " let handle = thread::spawn(|| {\n" #~ " v.push(10);\n" #~ " });\n" #~ " v.push(1000);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " handle.join().unwrap();\n" #~ " println!(\"v: {v:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "folosește std::thread;\n" #~ "// use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let v = vec![10, 20, 30];\n" #~ " let handle = thread::spawn(|| {| {\n" #~ " v.push(10);\n" #~ " });\n" #~ " v.push(1000);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " handle.join().unwrap();\n" #~ " println!(\"v: {v:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};\n" #~ "use std::thread;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let v = Arc::new(Mutex::new(vec![10, 20, 30]));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let v2 = Arc::clone(&v);\n" #~ " let handle = thread::spawn(move || {\n" #~ " let mut v2 = v2.lock().unwrap();\n" #~ " v2.push(10);\n" #~ " });\n" #~ "\n" #~ " {\n" #~ " let mut v = v.lock().unwrap();\n" #~ " v.push(1000);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " handle.join().unwrap();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"v: {v:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editabil\n" #~ "folosește std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};\n" #~ "use std::thread;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let v = Arc::new(Mutex::new(vec![10, 20, 30]));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let v2 = Arc::clone(&v);\n" #~ " let handle = thread::spawn(move || {| {\n" #~ " let mut v2 = v2.lock().unwrap();\n" #~ " v2.push(10);\n" #~ " });\n" #~ "\n" #~ " {\n" #~ " let mut v = v.lock().unwrap();\n" #~ " v.push(1000);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " handle.join().unwrap();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"v: {v:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "use std::sync::{mpsc, Arc, Mutex};\n" #~ "use std::thread;\n" #~ "use std::time::Duration;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "struct Fork;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "struct Philosopher {\n" #~ " name: String,\n" #~ " // left_fork: ...\n" #~ " // right_fork: ...\n" #~ " // thoughts: ...\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Philosopher {\n" #~ " fn think(&self) {\n" #~ " self.thoughts\n" #~ " .send(format!(\"Eureka! {} has a new idea!\", &self.name))\n" #~ " .unwrap();\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn eat(&self) {\n" #~ " // Pick up forks...\n" #~ " println!(\"{} is eating...\", &self.name);\n" #~ " thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(10));\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "static PHILOSOPHERS: &[&str] =\n" #~ " &[\"Socrates\", \"Hypatia\", \"Plato\", \"Aristotle\", " #~ "\"Pythagoras\"];\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " // Create forks\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Create philosophers\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Make each of them think and eat 100 times\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Output their thoughts\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "use std::sync::{mpsc, Arc, Mutex};\n" #~ "use std::thread;\n" #~ "use std::time::Duration;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "struct Fork;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "struct Philosopher {\n" #~ " name: String,\n" #~ " // left_fork: ...\n" #~ " // right_fork: ...\n" #~ " // thoughts: ...\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Philosopher {\n" #~ " fn think(&self) {\n" #~ " self.thoughts\n" #~ " .send(format!(\"Eureka! {} are o idee nouă!\", &self.name))\n" #~ " .unwrap();\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn eat(&self) {\n" #~ " // Ridică furculițele...\n" #~ " println!(\"{} mănâncă...\", &self.name);\n" #~ " thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(10));\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "static PHILOSOPHERS: &[&str] =\n" #~ " &[\"Socrate\", \"Hypatia\", \"Platon\", \"Aristotel\", " #~ "\"Pitagora\"];\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " // Creați furci\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Creează filosofi\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Fă-i pe fiecare dintre ei să gândească și să mănânce de 100 de " #~ "ori\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Scoateți gândurile lor\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "use reqwest::{blocking::Client, Url};\n" #~ "use scraper::{Html, Selector};\n" #~ "use thiserror::Error;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[derive(Error, Debug)]\n" #~ "enum Error {\n" #~ " #[error(\"request error: {0}\")]\n" #~ " ReqwestError(#[from] reqwest::Error),\n" #~ " #[error(\"bad http response: {0}\")]\n" #~ " BadResponse(String),\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct CrawlCommand {\n" #~ " url: Url,\n" #~ " extract_links: bool,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn visit_page(client: &Client, command: &CrawlCommand) -> " #~ "Result, Error> {\n" #~ " println!(\"Checking {:#}\", command.url);\n" #~ " let response = client.get(command.url.clone()).send()?;\n" #~ " if !response.status().is_success() {\n" #~ " return Err(Error::BadResponse(response.status().to_string()));\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut link_urls = Vec::new();\n" #~ " if !command.extract_links {\n" #~ " return Ok(link_urls);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let base_url = response.url().to_owned();\n" #~ " let body_text = response.text()?;\n" #~ " let document = Html::parse_document(&body_text);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let selector = Selector::parse(\"a\").unwrap();\n" #~ " let href_values = document\n" #~ " .select(&selector)\n" #~ " .filter_map(|element| element.value().attr(\"href\"));\n" #~ " for href in href_values {\n" #~ " match base_url.join(href) {\n" #~ " Ok(link_url) => {\n" #~ " link_urls.push(link_url);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " Err(err) => {\n" #~ " println!(\"On {base_url:#}: ignored unparsable {href:?}: " #~ "{err}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " Ok(link_urls)\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let client = Client::new();\n" #~ " let start_url = Url::parse(\"https://www.google.org\").unwrap();\n" #~ " let crawl_command = CrawlCommand{ url: start_url, extract_links: " #~ "true };\n" #~ " match visit_page(&client, &crawl_command) {\n" #~ " Ok(links) => println!(\"Links: {links:#?}\"),\n" #~ " Err(err) => println!(\"Could not extract links: {err:#}\"),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "use reqwest::{blocking::Client, Url};\n" #~ "use scraper::{Html, Selector};\n" #~ "use thiserror::Error;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[derive(Error, Debug)]\n" #~ "enum Error {\n" #~ " #[error(\"request error: {0}\")]\n" #~ " ReqwestError(#[din] reqwest::Error),\n" #~ " #[error(\"bad http response: {0}\")]]\n" #~ " BadResponse(String),\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct CrawlCommand {\n" #~ " url: Url,\n" #~ " extract_links: bool,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn visit_page(client: &Client, command: &CrawlCommand) -> " #~ "Result<Vec, Error> {\n" #~ " println!(\"Checking {:#}\", command.url);\n" #~ " let response = client.get(command.url.clone()).send()?;\n" #~ " if !response.status().is_succes() {\n" #~ " return Err(Error::BadResponse(response.status().to_string())));\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut link_urls = Vec::new();\n" #~ " if !command.extract_links {\n" #~ " return Ok(link_urls);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let base_url = response.url().to_owned();\n" #~ " let body_text = response.text()?;\n" #~ " let document = Html::parse_document(&body_text);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let selector = Selector::parse(\"a\").unwrap();\n" #~ " let href_values = document\n" #~ " .select(&selector)\n" #~ " .filter_map(|element| element.value().attr(\"href\")));\n" #~ " for href in href_values {\n" #~ " match base_url.join(href) {\n" #~ " Ok(link_url) => {\n" #~ " link_urls.push(link_url);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " Err(err) => {\n" #~ " println!(\"Pe {base_url:#}: ignorat unparsable {href:?}: " #~ "{err}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " Ok(link_urls)\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let client = Client::new();\n" #~ " let start_url = Url::parse(\"https://www.google.org\").unwrap();\n" #~ " let crawl_command = CrawlCommand{ url: start_url, extract_links: " #~ "true };\n" #~ " match visit_page(&client, &crawl_command) {\n" #~ " Ok(links) => println!(\"Links: {links:#?}\"),\n" #~ " Err(err) => println!(\"Could not extract links: {err:#}\"),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "use futures::executor::block_on;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "async fn count_to(count: i32) {\n" #~ " for i in 1..=count {\n" #~ " println!(\"Count is: {i}!\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "async fn async_main(count: i32) {\n" #~ " count_to(count).await;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " block_on(async_main(10));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "folosiți futures::executor::block_on;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "async fn count_to(count: i32) {\n" #~ " for i in 1..=count {\n" #~ " println!(\"Count is: {i}!\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "async fn async_main(count: i32) {\n" #~ " count_to(count).await;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " block_on(async_main(10));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "use tokio::time;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "async fn count_to(count: i32) {\n" #~ " for i in 1..=count {\n" #~ " println!(\"Count in task: {i}!\");\n" #~ " time::sleep(time::Duration::from_millis(5)).await;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[tokio::main]\n" #~ "async fn main() {\n" #~ " tokio::spawn(count_to(10));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " for i in 1..5 {\n" #~ " println!(\"Main task: {i}\");\n" #~ " time::sleep(time::Duration::from_millis(5)).await;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "folosiți tokio::time;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "async fn count_to(count: i32) {\n" #~ " for i in 1..=count {\n" #~ " println!(\"Count in task: {i}!\");\n" #~ " time::sleep(time::Duration::from_millis(5)).await;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[tokio::main]\n" #~ "async fn main() {\n" #~ " tokio::spawn(count_to(10));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " for i in 1..5 {\n" #~ " println!(\"Sarcina principală: {i}\");\n" #~ " time::sleep(time::Duration::from_millis(5)).await;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "use tokio::io::{self, AsyncReadExt, AsyncWriteExt};\n" #~ "use tokio::net::TcpListener;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[tokio::main]\n" #~ "async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {\n" #~ " let listener = TcpListener::bind(\"127.0.0.1:6142\").await?;\n" #~ "\tprintln!(\"listening on port 6142\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " loop {\n" #~ " let (mut socket, addr) = listener.accept().await?;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"connection from {addr:?}\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " tokio::spawn(async move {\n" #~ " if let Err(e) = socket.write_all(b\"Who are you?\\n\").await " #~ "{\n" #~ " println!(\"socket error: {e:?}\");\n" #~ " return;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut buf = vec![0; 1024];\n" #~ " let reply = match socket.read(&mut buf).await {\n" #~ " Ok(n) => {\n" #~ " let name = std::str::from_utf8(&buf[..n]).unwrap()." #~ "trim();\n" #~ " format!(\"Thanks for dialing in, {name}!\\n\")\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " Err(e) => {\n" #~ " println!(\"socket error: {e:?}\");\n" #~ " return;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " };\n" #~ "\n" #~ " if let Err(e) = socket.write_all(reply.as_bytes()).await {\n" #~ " println!(\"socket error: {e:?}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " });\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "use tokio::io::{self, AsyncReadExt, AsyncWriteExt};\n" #~ "use tokio::net::TcpListener;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[tokio::main]\n" #~ "async fn main() -> io::Result<()> {\n" #~ " let listener = TcpListener::bind(\"127.0.0.1:6142\").await?;\n" #~ "\tprintln!(\"listening on port 6142\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " loop {\n" #~ " let (mut socket, addr) = listener.accept().await?;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"conexiune de la {addr:?}\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " tokio::spawn(async move {\n" #~ " if let Err(e) = socket.write_all(b \"Who are you?\\n\").await " #~ "{\n" #~ " println!(\"eroare de socket: {e:?}\");\n" #~ " return;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut buf = vec![0; 1024];\n" #~ " let reply = match socket.read(&mut buf).await {\n" #~ " Ok(n) => {\n" #~ " let name = std::str::from_utf8(&buf[..n]).unwrap()." #~ "trim();\n" #~ " format!(\"Mulțumesc pentru apelare, {name}!\\n\")\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " Err(e) => {\n" #~ " println!(\"eroare de socket: {e:?}\");\n" #~ " return;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " };\n" #~ "\n" #~ " if let Err(e) = socket.write_all(reply.as_bytes()).await {\n" #~ " println!(\"eroare socket: {e:?}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " });\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "use tokio::sync::mpsc::{self, Receiver};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "async fn ping_handler(mut input: Receiver<()>) {\n" #~ " let mut count: usize = 0;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " while let Some(_) = input.recv().await {\n" #~ " count += 1;\n" #~ " println!(\"Received {count} pings so far.\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"ping_handler complete\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[tokio::main]\n" #~ "async fn main() {\n" #~ " let (sender, receiver) = mpsc::channel(32);\n" #~ " let ping_handler_task = tokio::spawn(ping_handler(receiver));\n" #~ " for i in 0..10 {\n" #~ " sender.send(()).await.expect(\"Failed to send ping.\");\n" #~ " println!(\"Sent {} pings so far.\", i + 1);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " drop(sender);\n" #~ " ping_handler_task.await.expect(\"Something went wrong in ping handler " #~ "task.\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "use tokio::sync::mpsc::{self, Receiver};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "async fn ping_handler(mut input: Receiver<()>) {\n" #~ " let mut count: usize = 0;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " while let Some(_) = input.recv().await {\n" #~ " count += 1;\n" #~ " println!(\"Received {count} pings so far.\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"ping_handler complete\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[tokio::main]\n" #~ "async fn main() {\n" #~ " let (sender, receiver) = mpsc::channel(32);\n" #~ " let ping_handler_task = tokio::spawn(ping_handler(receiver));\n" #~ " for i in 0..10 {\n" #~ " sender.send(()).await.expect(\"Failed to send ping.\");\n" #~ " println!(\"Sent {} pings so far.\", i + 1);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " drop(sender);\n" #~ " ping_handler_task.await.expect(\"Ceva nu a mers bine în sarcina de " #~ "gestionare a ping-ului.\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "use anyhow::Result;\n" #~ "use futures::future;\n" #~ "use reqwest;\n" #~ "use std::collections::HashMap;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "async fn size_of_page(url: &str) -> Result {\n" #~ " let resp = reqwest::get(url).await?;\n" #~ " Ok(resp.text().await?.len())\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[tokio::main]\n" #~ "async fn main() {\n" #~ " let urls: [&str; 4] = [\n" #~ " \"https://google.com\",\n" #~ " \"https://httpbin.org/ip\",\n" #~ " \"https://play.rust-lang.org/\",\n" #~ " \"BAD_URL\",\n" #~ " ];\n" #~ " let futures_iter = urls.into_iter().map(size_of_page);\n" #~ " let results = future::join_all(futures_iter).await;\n" #~ " let page_sizes_dict: HashMap<&str, Result> =\n" #~ " urls.into_iter().zip(results.into_iter()).collect();\n" #~ " println!(\"{:?}\", page_sizes_dict);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "utilizați anyhow::Result;\n" #~ "use futures::future;\n" #~ "use reqwest;\n" #~ "use std::collections::HashMap;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "async fn size_of_page(url: &str) -> Result { {\n" #~ " let resp = reqwest::get(url).await?;\n" #~ " Ok(resp.text().await?.len())\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[tokio::main]\n" #~ "async fn main() {\n" #~ " let urls: [&str; 4] = [\n" #~ " \"https://google.com\",\n" #~ " \"https://httpbin.org/ip\",\n" #~ " \"https://play.rust-lang.org/\",\n" #~ " \"BAD_URL\",\n" #~ " ];\n" #~ " let futures_iter = urls.into_iter().map(size_of_page);\n" #~ " let results = future::join_all(futures_iter).await;\n" #~ " let page_sizes_dict: HashMap<&str, Result> = =\n" #~ " urls.into_iter().zip(results.into_iter()).collect();\n" #~ " println!(\"{:?}\", page_sizes_dict);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "use tokio::sync::mpsc::{self, Receiver};\n" #~ "use tokio::time::{sleep, Duration};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]\n" #~ "enum Animal {\n" #~ " Cat { name: String },\n" #~ " Dog { name: String },\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "async fn first_animal_to_finish_race(\n" #~ " mut cat_rcv: Receiver,\n" #~ " mut dog_rcv: Receiver,\n" #~ ") -> Option {\n" #~ " tokio::select! {\n" #~ " cat_name = cat_rcv.recv() => Some(Animal::Cat { name: " #~ "cat_name? }),\n" #~ " dog_name = dog_rcv.recv() => Some(Animal::Dog { name: " #~ "dog_name? })\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[tokio::main]\n" #~ "async fn main() {\n" #~ " let (cat_sender, cat_receiver) = mpsc::channel(32);\n" #~ " let (dog_sender, dog_receiver) = mpsc::channel(32);\n" #~ " tokio::spawn(async move {\n" #~ " sleep(Duration::from_millis(500)).await;\n" #~ " cat_sender\n" #~ " .send(String::from(\"Felix\"))\n" #~ " .await\n" #~ " .expect(\"Failed to send cat.\");\n" #~ " });\n" #~ " tokio::spawn(async move {\n" #~ " sleep(Duration::from_millis(50)).await;\n" #~ " dog_sender\n" #~ " .send(String::from(\"Rex\"))\n" #~ " .await\n" #~ " .expect(\"Failed to send dog.\");\n" #~ " });\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let winner = first_animal_to_finish_race(cat_receiver, dog_receiver)\n" #~ " .await\n" #~ " .expect(\"Failed to receive winner\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"Winner is {winner:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "use tokio::sync::mpsc::{self, Receiver};\n" #~ "use tokio::time::{sleep, Duration};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]\n" #~ "enum Animal {\n" #~ " Cat { name: String },\n" #~ " Dog { name: String },\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "async fn first_animal_to_finish_race(\n" #~ " mut cat_rcv: Receptor,\n" #~ " mut dog_rcv: Receptor,\n" #~ ") -> Option {\n" #~ " tokio::select! {\n" #~ " cat_name = cat_rcv.recv() => Some(Animal::Cat { name: " #~ "cat_name? }),\n" #~ " dog_name = dog_rcv.recv() => Some(Animal::Dog { name: " #~ "dog_name? })\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[tokio::main]\n" #~ "async fn main() {\n" #~ " let (cat_sender, cat_receiver) = mpsc::channel(32);\n" #~ " let (dog_sender, dog_receiver) = mpsc::channel(32);\n" #~ " tokio::spawn(async move {\n" #~ " sleep(Duration::from_millis(500)).await;\n" #~ " cat_sender\n" #~ " .send(String::from(\"Felix\"))\n" #~ " .await\n" #~ " .expect(\"Nu s-a reușit trimiterea pisicii.\");\n" #~ " });\n" #~ " tokio::spawn(async move {\n" #~ " sleep(Duration::from_millis(50)).await;\n" #~ " dog_sender\n" #~ " .send(String::from(\"Rex\"))\n" #~ " .await\n" #~ " .expect(\"Nu s-a reușit trimiterea câinelui.\");\n" #~ " });\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let winner = first_animal_to_finish_race(cat_receiver, dog_receiver)\n" #~ " .await\n" #~ " .expect(\"Failed to receive winner\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"Câștigătorul este {winner:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "use futures::future::join_all;\n" #~ "use std::time::Instant;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "async fn sleep_ms(start: &Instant, id: u64, duration_ms: u64) {\n" #~ " std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(duration_ms));\n" #~ " println!(\n" #~ " \"future {id} slept for {duration_ms}ms, finished after {}ms\",\n" #~ " start.elapsed().as_millis()\n" #~ " );\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[tokio::main(flavor = \"current_thread\")]\n" #~ "async fn main() {\n" #~ " let start = Instant::now();\n" #~ " let sleep_futures = (1..=10).map(|t| sleep_ms(&start, t, t * 10));\n" #~ " join_all(sleep_futures).await;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "folosiți futures::future::join_all;\n" #~ "use std::time::Instant;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "async fn sleep_ms(start: &Instant, id: u64, duration_ms: u64) {\n" #~ " std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(duration_ms));\n" #~ " println!(\n" #~ " \"viitorul {id} a dormit timp de {duration_ms}ms, terminat după {}" #~ "ms\",\n" #~ " start.elapsed().as_millis()\n" #~ " );\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[tokio::main(flavor = \"current_thread\")]\n" #~ "async fn main() {\n" #~ " let start = Instant::now();\n" #~ " let sleep_futures = (1..=10).map(|t| sleep_ms(&start, t, t * 10));\n" #~ " join_all(sleep_futures).await;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "When you await a future, all local variables (that would ordinarily be " #~ "stored on a stack frame) are instead stored in the Future for the current " #~ "async block. If your future has pointers to data on the stack, those " #~ "pointers might get invalidated. This is unsafe." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Atunci când așteptați un viitor, toate variabilele locale (care în mod " #~ "normal ar fi stocate pe un cadru de stivă) sunt stocate în schimb în " #~ "viitorul pentru blocul asincron curent. În cazul în care viitorul " #~ "dumneavoastră are pointeri la date de pe stivă, acești pointeri pot fi " #~ "invalidați. Acest lucru nu este sigur." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Therefore, you must guarantee that the addresses your future points to " #~ "don't change. That is why we need to `pin` futures. Using the same future " #~ "repeatedly in a `select!` often leads to issues with pinned values." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Prin urmare, trebuie să vă asigurați că adresele către care indică " #~ "viitorul dumneavoastră nu se schimbă. Acesta este motivul pentru care " #~ "trebuie să \"fixăm\" viitoarele. Folosirea aceluiași viitor în mod " #~ "repetat într-un `select!` duce adesea la probleme cu valorile fixate." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "use tokio::sync::{mpsc, oneshot};\n" #~ "use tokio::task::spawn;\n" #~ "use tokio::time::{sleep, Duration};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// A work item. In this case, just sleep for the given time and respond\n" #~ "// with a message on the `respond_on` channel.\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Work {\n" #~ " input: u32,\n" #~ " respond_on: oneshot::Sender,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// A worker which listens for work on a queue and performs it.\n" #~ "async fn worker(mut work_queue: mpsc::Receiver) {\n" #~ " let mut iterations = 0;\n" #~ " loop {\n" #~ " tokio::select! {\n" #~ " Some(work) = work_queue.recv() => {\n" #~ " sleep(Duration::from_millis(10)).await; // Pretend to " #~ "work.\n" #~ " work.respond_on\n" #~ " .send(work.input * 1000)\n" #~ " .expect(\"failed to send response\");\n" #~ " iterations += 1;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " // TODO: report number of iterations every 100ms\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// A requester which requests work and waits for it to complete.\n" #~ "async fn do_work(work_queue: &mpsc::Sender, input: u32) -> u32 {\n" #~ " let (tx, rx) = oneshot::channel();\n" #~ " work_queue\n" #~ " .send(Work {\n" #~ " input,\n" #~ " respond_on: tx,\n" #~ " })\n" #~ " .await\n" #~ " .expect(\"failed to send on work queue\");\n" #~ " rx.await.expect(\"failed waiting for response\")\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[tokio::main]\n" #~ "async fn main() {\n" #~ " let (tx, rx) = mpsc::channel(10);\n" #~ " spawn(worker(rx));\n" #~ " for i in 0..100 {\n" #~ " let resp = do_work(&tx, i).await;\n" #~ " println!(\"work result for iteration {i}: {resp}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "use tokio::sync::{mpsc, oneshot};\n" #~ "use tokio::task::spawn;\n" #~ "use tokio::time::{sleep, Duration};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// Un element de lucru. În acest caz, doar doarme pentru timpul dat și " #~ "răspunde\n" #~ "// cu un mesaj pe canalul `respond_on`.\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Work {\n" #~ " input: u32,\n" #~ " respond_on: oneshot::Sender,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// Un lucrător care ascultă munca pe o coadă și o execută.\n" #~ "async fn worker(mut work_queue: mpsc::Receiver) {\n" #~ " let mut iterations = 0;\n" #~ " loop {\n" #~ " tokio::select! {\n" #~ " Some(work) = work_queue.recv() => {\n" #~ " sleep(Duration::from_millis(10)).await; // Pretindeți că " #~ "lucrați.\n" #~ " work.respond_on\n" #~ " .send(work.input * 1000)\n" #~ " .expect(\"nu a reușit să trimită răspunsul\");\n" #~ " iterații += 1;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " // TODO: raportați numărul de iterații la fiecare 100ms\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// Un solicitant care solicită muncă și așteaptă ca aceasta să fie " #~ "finalizată.\n" #~ "async fn do_work(work_queue: &mpsc::Sender, input: u32) -> " #~ "u32 {\n" #~ " let (tx, rx) = oneshot::channel();\n" #~ " work_queue\n" #~ " .send(Work {\n" #~ " input,\n" #~ " respond_on: tx,\n" #~ " })\n" #~ " .await\n" #~ " .expect(\"nu a reușit să trimită în coada de lucru\");\n" #~ " rx.await.expect(\"a eșuat în așteptarea răspunsului\")\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[tokio::main]\n" #~ "async fn main() {\n" #~ " let (tx, rx) = mpsc::channel(10);\n" #~ " spawn(worker(rx));\n" #~ " for i in 0..100 {\n" #~ " let resp = do_work(&tx, i).await;\n" #~ " println!(\"work result for iteration {i}: {resp}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "use async_trait::async_trait;\n" #~ "use std::time::Instant;\n" #~ "use tokio::time::{sleep, Duration};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[async_trait]\n" #~ "trait Sleeper {\n" #~ " async fn sleep(&self);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "struct FixedSleeper {\n" #~ " sleep_ms: u64,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[async_trait]\n" #~ "impl Sleeper for FixedSleeper {\n" #~ " async fn sleep(&self) {\n" #~ " sleep(Duration::from_millis(self.sleep_ms)).await;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "async fn run_all_sleepers_multiple_times(sleepers: Vec>, " #~ "n_times: usize) {\n" #~ " for _ in 0..n_times {\n" #~ " println!(\"running all sleepers..\");\n" #~ " for sleeper in &sleepers {\n" #~ " let start = Instant::now();\n" #~ " sleeper.sleep().await;\n" #~ " println!(\"slept for {}ms\", start.elapsed().as_millis());\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[tokio::main]\n" #~ "async fn main() {\n" #~ " let sleepers: Vec> = vec![\n" #~ " Box::new(FixedSleeper { sleep_ms: 50 }),\n" #~ " Box::new(FixedSleeper { sleep_ms: 100 }),\n" #~ " ];\n" #~ " run_all_sleepers_multiple_times(sleepers, 5).await;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "use async_trait::async_trait;\n" #~ "use std::time::Instant;\n" #~ "use tokio::time::{sleep, Duration};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[async_trait]\n" #~ "trait Sleeper {\n" #~ " async fn sleep(&self);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "struct FixedSleeper {\n" #~ " sleep_ms: u64,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[async_trait]\n" #~ "impl Sleeper pentru FixedSleeper {\n" #~ " async fn sleep(&self) {\n" #~ " sleep(Duration::from_millis(self.sleep_ms)).await;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "async fn run_all_sleepers_multiple_times(sleepers: Vec<Box>, n_times: usize) {\n" #~ " for _ in 0..n_times {\n" #~ " println!(\"rulează toate sleepers..\");\n" #~ " for sleeper in &sleepers {\n" #~ " let start = Instant::now();\n" #~ " sleeper.sleep().await;\n" #~ " printlnn!(\"a dormit timp de {}ms\", start.elapsed()." #~ "as_millis()));\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[tokio::main]\n" #~ "async fn main() {\n" #~ " let sleepers: Vec<Box> = vec![\n" #~ " Box::new(FixedSleeper { sleep_ms: 50 }),\n" #~ " Box::new(FixedSleeper { sleep_ms: 100 }),\n" #~ " ];\n" #~ " run_all_sleepers_multiple_times(sleepers, 5).await;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "use std::io::{self, ErrorKind};\n" #~ "use std::time::Duration;\n" #~ "use tokio::io::{AsyncReadExt, AsyncWriteExt, DuplexStream};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "struct LinesReader {\n" #~ " stream: DuplexStream,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl LinesReader {\n" #~ " fn new(stream: DuplexStream) -> Self {\n" #~ " Self { stream }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " async fn next(&mut self) -> io::Result> {\n" #~ " let mut bytes = Vec::new();\n" #~ " let mut buf = [0];\n" #~ " while self.stream.read(&mut buf[..]).await? != 0 {\n" #~ " bytes.push(buf[0]);\n" #~ " if buf[0] == b'\\n' {\n" #~ " break;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " if bytes.is_empty() {\n" #~ " return Ok(None)\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " let s = String::from_utf8(bytes)\n" #~ " .map_err(|_| io::Error::new(ErrorKind::InvalidData, \"not " #~ "UTF-8\"))?;\n" #~ " Ok(Some(s))\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "async fn slow_copy(source: String, mut dest: DuplexStream) -> std::io::" #~ "Result<()> {\n" #~ " for b in source.bytes() {\n" #~ " dest.write_u8(b).await?;\n" #~ " tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(10)).await\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " Ok(())\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[tokio::main]\n" #~ "async fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {\n" #~ " let (client, server) = tokio::io::duplex(5);\n" #~ " let handle = tokio::spawn(slow_copy(\"hi\\nthere\\n\".to_owned(), " #~ "client));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut lines = LinesReader::new(server);\n" #~ " let mut interval = tokio::time::interval(Duration::from_millis(60));\n" #~ " loop {\n" #~ " tokio::select! {\n" #~ " _ = interval.tick() => println!(\"tick!\"),\n" #~ " line = lines.next() => if let Some(l) = line? {\n" #~ " print!(\"{}\", l)\n" #~ " } else {\n" #~ " break\n" #~ " },\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " handle.await.unwrap()?;\n" #~ " Ok(())\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "use std::io::{self, ErrorKind};\n" #~ "use std::time::Duration;\n" #~ "use tokio::io::{AsyncReadExt, AsyncWriteExt, DuplexStream};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "struct LinesReader {\n" #~ " stream: DuplexStream,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl LinesReader {\n" #~ " fn new(stream: DuplexStream) -> Self {\n" #~ " Self { stream }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " async fn next(&mut self) -> io::Result<Option> " #~ "{\n" #~ " let mut bytes = Vec::new();\n" #~ " let mut buf = [0];\n" #~ " while self.stream.read(&mut buf[..]).await? != 0 {\n" #~ " bytes.push(buf[0]);\n" #~ " if buf[0] == b'\\n' {\n" #~ " break;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " if bytes.is_empty() {\n" #~ " return Ok(None)\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " let s = String::from_utf8(bytes)\n" #~ " .map_err(|_| io::Error::new(ErrorKind::InvalidData, \"not " #~ "UTF-8\")))?;\n" #~ " Ok(Some(s))\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "async fn slow_copy(source: String, mut dest: DuplexStream) -> std::io::" #~ "Result<()> {\n" #~ " for b in source.bytes() {\n" #~ " dest.write_u8(b).await?;\n" #~ " tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(10)).await\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " Ok((())\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[tokio::main]\n" #~ "async fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> {\n" #~ " let (client, server) = tokio::io::duplex(5);\n" #~ " let handle = tokio::spawn(slow_copy(\"hi\\nthere\\n\".to_owned(), " #~ "client));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut lines = LinesReader::new(server);\n" #~ " let mut interval = tokio::time::interval(Duration::from_millis(60));\n" #~ " loop {\n" #~ " tokio::select! {\n" #~ " _ = interval.tick() => println!(\"tick!\"),\n" #~ " line = lines.next() => if let Some(l) = line? {\n" #~ " print!(\"{}\", l)\n" #~ " } else {\n" #~ " break\n" #~ " },\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " handle.await.unwrap()?;\n" #~ " Ok((())\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "struct LinesReader {\n" #~ " stream: DuplexStream,\n" #~ " bytes: Vec,\n" #~ " buf: [u8; 1],\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl LinesReader {\n" #~ " fn new(stream: DuplexStream) -> Self {\n" #~ " Self { stream, bytes: Vec::new(), buf: [0] }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " async fn next(&mut self) -> io::Result> {\n" #~ " // prefix buf and bytes with self.\n" #~ " // ...\n" #~ " let raw = std::mem::take(&mut self.bytes);\n" #~ " let s = String::from_utf8(raw)\n" #~ " // ...\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "struct LinesReader {\n" #~ " stream: DuplexStream,\n" #~ " bytes: Vec,\n" #~ " buf: [u8; 1],\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl LinesReader {\n" #~ " fn new(stream: DuplexStream) -> Self {\n" #~ " Self { stream, bytes: Vec::new(), buf: [0] }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " async fn next(&mut self) -> io::Result<Option> " #~ "{\n" #~ " // prefixează buf și bytes cu self.\n" #~ " // ...\n" #~ " let raw = std::mem::take(&mut self.bytes);\n" #~ " let s = String::from_utf8(raw)\n" #~ " // ...\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "use std::sync::Arc;\n" #~ "use tokio::time;\n" #~ "use tokio::sync::mpsc::{self, Sender};\n" #~ "use tokio::sync::Mutex;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "struct Fork;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "struct Philosopher {\n" #~ " name: String,\n" #~ " // left_fork: ...\n" #~ " // right_fork: ...\n" #~ " // thoughts: ...\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Philosopher {\n" #~ " async fn think(&self) {\n" #~ " self.thoughts\n" #~ " .send(format!(\"Eureka! {} has a new idea!\", &self.name))." #~ "await\n" #~ " .unwrap();\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " async fn eat(&self) {\n" #~ " // Pick up forks...\n" #~ " println!(\"{} is eating...\", &self.name);\n" #~ " time::sleep(time::Duration::from_millis(5)).await;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "static PHILOSOPHERS: &[&str] =\n" #~ " &[\"Socrates\", \"Hypatia\", \"Plato\", \"Aristotle\", " #~ "\"Pythagoras\"];\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[tokio::main]\n" #~ "async fn main() {\n" #~ " // Create forks\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Create philosophers\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Make them think and eat\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Output their thoughts\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "folosiți std::sync::Arc;\n" #~ "use tokio::time;\n" #~ "use tokio::sync::mpsc::{self, Sender};\n" #~ "use tokio::sync::Mutex;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "struct Fork;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "struct Philosopher {\n" #~ " name: String,\n" #~ " // left_fork: ...\n" #~ " // right_fork: ...\n" #~ " // thoughts: ...\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Philosopher {\n" #~ " async fn think(&self) {\n" #~ " self.thoughts\n" #~ " .send(format!(\"Eureka! {} are o idee nouă!\", &self.name))." #~ "await\n" #~ " .unwrap();\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " async fn eat(&self) {\n" #~ " // Preia furculițele...\n" #~ " println!(\"{} mănâncă...\", &self.name);\n" #~ " time::sleep(time::Duration::from_millis(5)).await;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "static PHILOSOPHERS: &[&str] =\n" #~ " &[\"Socrate\", \"Hypatia\", \"Platon\", \"Aristotel\", " #~ "\"Pitagora\"];\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[tokio::main]\n" #~ "async fn main() {\n" #~ " // Creează furci\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Creează filozofii\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Fă-i să gândească și să mănânce\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Scoate-le gândurile\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "use futures_util::sink::SinkExt;\n" #~ "use futures_util::stream::StreamExt;\n" #~ "use std::error::Error;\n" #~ "use std::net::SocketAddr;\n" #~ "use tokio::net::{TcpListener, TcpStream};\n" #~ "use tokio::sync::broadcast::{channel, Sender};\n" #~ "use tokio_websockets::{Message, ServerBuilder, WebsocketStream};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "async fn handle_connection(\n" #~ " addr: SocketAddr,\n" #~ " mut ws_stream: WebsocketStream,\n" #~ " bcast_tx: Sender,\n" #~ ") -> Result<(), Box> {\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // TODO: For a hint, see the description of the task below.\n" #~ "\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[tokio::main]\n" #~ "async fn main() -> Result<(), Box> {\n" #~ " let (bcast_tx, _) = channel(16);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let listener = TcpListener::bind(\"127.0.0.1:2000\").await?;\n" #~ " println!(\"listening on port 2000\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " loop {\n" #~ " let (socket, addr) = listener.accept().await?;\n" #~ " println!(\"New connection from {addr:?}\");\n" #~ " let bcast_tx = bcast_tx.clone();\n" #~ " tokio::spawn(async move {\n" #~ " // Wrap the raw TCP stream into a websocket.\n" #~ " let ws_stream = ServerBuilder::new().accept(socket).await?;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " handle_connection(addr, ws_stream, bcast_tx).await\n" #~ " });\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "use futures_util::sink::SinkExt;\n" #~ "use futures_util::stream::StreamExt;\n" #~ "use std::error::Error;\n" #~ "use std::net::SocketAddr;\n" #~ "use tokio::net::{TcpListener, TcpStream};\n" #~ "use tokio::sync::broadcast::{channel, Sender};\n" #~ "use tokio_websockets::{Message, ServerBuilder, WebsocketStream};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "async fn handle_connection(\n" #~ " addr: SocketAddr,\n" #~ " mut ws_stream: WebsocketStream,\n" #~ " bcast_tx: Sender,\n" #~ ") -> Result<(), Box> {\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // TODO: Pentru un indiciu, consultați descrierea sarcinii de mai " #~ "jos.\n" #~ "\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[tokio::main]\n" #~ "async fn main() -> Result<(), Box> {\n" #~ " let (bcast_tx, _) = channel(16);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let listener = TcpListener::bind(\"127.0.0.1:2000\").await?;\n" #~ " println!(\"ascultând pe portul 2000\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " loop {\n" #~ " let (socket, addr) = listener.accept().await?;\n" #~ " println!(\"Conexiune nouă de la {addr:?}\");\n" #~ " let bcast_tx = bcast_tx.clone();\n" #~ " tokio::spawn(async move {\n" #~ " // Înfășurați fluxul TCP brut într-un websocket.\n" #~ " let ws_stream = ServerBuilder::new().accept(socket).await?;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " handle_connection(addr, ws_stream, bcast_tx).await\n" #~ " });\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "use futures_util::stream::StreamExt;\n" #~ "use futures_util::SinkExt;\n" #~ "use http::Uri;\n" #~ "use tokio::io::{AsyncBufReadExt, BufReader};\n" #~ "use tokio_websockets::{ClientBuilder, Message};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[tokio::main]\n" #~ "async fn main() -> Result<(), tokio_websockets::Error> {\n" #~ " let (mut ws_stream, _) =\n" #~ " ClientBuilder::from_uri(Uri::" #~ "from_static(\"ws://127.0.0.1:2000\"))\n" #~ " .connect()\n" #~ " .await?;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let stdin = tokio::io::stdin();\n" #~ " let mut stdin = BufReader::new(stdin).lines();\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // TODO: For a hint, see the description of the task below.\n" #~ "\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "use futures_util::stream::StreamExt;\n" #~ "use futures_util::SinkExt;\n" #~ "use http::Uri;\n" #~ "use tokio::io::{AsyncBufReadExt, BufReader};\n" #~ "use tokio_websockets::{ClientBuilder, Message};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[tokio::main]\n" #~ "async fn main() -> Result<(), tokio_websockets::Error> {\n" #~ " let (mut ws_stream, _) =\n" #~ " ClientBuilder::from_uri(Uri::" #~ "from_static(\"ws://127.0.0.1:2000\")))\n" #~ " .connect()\n" #~ " .await?;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let stdin = tokio::io::stdin();\n" #~ " let mut stdin = BufReader::new(stdin).lines();\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // TODO: Pentru un indiciu, consultați descrierea sarcinii de mai " #~ "jos.\n" #~ "\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "argument:" #~ msgstr "argument:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "build:" #~ msgstr "construi:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "call:" #~ msgstr "apel:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "concurrency:" #~ msgstr "concurența:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "constant:" #~ msgstr "constantă:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "control flow:" #~ msgstr "fluxul de control:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "crash:" #~ msgstr "accident:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "enumeration:" #~ msgstr "enumerare:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "error:" #~ msgstr "eroare:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "error handling:" #~ msgstr "gestionarea erorilor:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "garbage collector:" #~ msgstr "colector de gunoi:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "generics:" #~ msgstr "generice:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "immutable:" #~ msgstr "imuabile:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "integration test:" #~ msgstr "testul de integrare:" #~ msgid "keyword:" #~ msgstr "cuvinte cheie:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "main function:" #~ msgstr "funcția principală:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "match:" #~ msgstr "meci:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "memory leak:" #~ msgstr "scurgere de memorie:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "method:" #~ msgstr "metoda:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "module:" #~ msgstr "modul:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "move:" #~ msgstr "mișcă:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "mutable:" #~ msgstr "mutabil:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "ownership:" #~ msgstr "proprietate:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "panic:" #~ msgstr "panică:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "parameter:" #~ msgstr "parametru:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "pattern:" #~ msgstr "model:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "payload:" #~ msgstr "sarcina utilă:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "program:" #~ msgstr "program:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "programming language:" #~ msgstr "limbaj de programare:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "receiver:" #~ msgstr "receptor:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "reference counting:" #~ msgstr "numărarea de referință:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "return:" #~ msgstr "retur:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "safe:" #~ msgstr "sigur:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "scope:" #~ msgstr "domeniul de aplicare:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "standard library:" #~ msgstr "biblioteca standard:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "static:" #~ msgstr "static:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "struct:" #~ msgstr "struct:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "test:" #~ msgstr "test:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "thread:" #~ msgstr "firul:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "thread safety:" #~ msgstr "siguranța filetului:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "trait:" #~ msgstr "trăsătură:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "type:" #~ msgstr "tip:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "union:" #~ msgstr "uniunii:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "unit test:" #~ msgstr "test unitar:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "variable:\\" #~ msgstr "variabilă:\\" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The [Why Rust? - An Example in C](why-rust/an-example-in-c.md) section " #~ "has been taken from the presentation slides of [Colin Finck's Master " #~ "Thesis](https://colinfinck.de/Master_Thesis_Colin_Finck.pdf). It has been " #~ "relicensed under the terms of the Apache 2.0 license for this course by " #~ "the author." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Secțiunea [De ce Rust? - Un exemplu în C](why-rust/an-example-in-c.md) a " #~ "fost preluată din slide-urile de prezentare ale [Tezei de masterat a lui " #~ "Colin Finck](https://colinfinck.de/Master_Thesis_Colin_Finck.pdf). Ea a " #~ "fost relicențiata de către autor în conformitate cu termenii licenței " #~ "Apache 2.0 pentru acest curs." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "You will find solutions to the exercises on the following pages." #~ msgstr "Veți găsi soluțiile la exercițiile de pe paginile următoare." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Feel free to ask questions about the solutions [on GitHub](https://github." #~ "com/google/comprehensive-rust/discussions). Let us know if you have a " #~ "different or better solution than what is presented here." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Nu ezitați să puneți întrebări despre soluții [pe GitHub](https://github." #~ "com/google/comprehensive-rust/discussions). Anunțați-ne dacă aveți o " #~ "soluție diferită sau mai bună decât cea prezentată aici." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Day 1 Morning Exercises" #~ msgstr "Ziua 1 Exerciții de dimineață" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "([back to exercise](for-loops.md))" #~ msgstr "([înapoi la exercițiu](for-loops.md))" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "fn transpose(matrix: [[i32; 3]; 3]) -> [[i32; 3]; 3] {\n" #~ " let mut result = [[0; 3]; 3];\n" #~ " for i in 0..3 {\n" #~ " for j in 0..3 {\n" #~ " result[j][i] = matrix[i][j];\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " return result;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn pretty_print(matrix: &[[i32; 3]; 3]) {\n" #~ " for row in matrix {\n" #~ " println!(\"{row:?}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_transpose() {\n" #~ " let matrix = [\n" #~ " [101, 102, 103], //\n" #~ " [201, 202, 203],\n" #~ " [301, 302, 303],\n" #~ " ];\n" #~ " let transposed = transpose(matrix);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(\n" #~ " transposed,\n" #~ " [\n" #~ " [101, 201, 301], //\n" #~ " [102, 202, 302],\n" #~ " [103, 203, 303],\n" #~ " ]\n" #~ " );\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let matrix = [\n" #~ " [101, 102, 103], // <-- the comment makes rustfmt add a newline\n" #~ " [201, 202, 203],\n" #~ " [301, 302, 303],\n" #~ " ];\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"matrix:\");\n" #~ " pretty_print(&matrix);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let transposed = transpose(matrix);\n" #~ " println!(\"transposed:\");\n" #~ " pretty_print(&transposed);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "fn transpose(matrix: [[i32; 3]; 3]) -> [[i32; 3]; 3] {\n" #~ " let mut result = [[0; 3]; 3];\n" #~ " for i in 0..3 {\n" #~ " for j in 0..3 {\n" #~ " result[j][i] = matrix[i][j];\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " return result;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn pretty_print(matrix: &[[i32; 3]; 3]) {\n" #~ " for row in matrix {\n" #~ " println!(\"{row:?}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_transpose() {\n" #~ " let matrix = [\n" #~ " [101, 102, 103], //\n" #~ " [201, 202, 203],\n" #~ " [301, 302, 303],\n" #~ " ];\n" #~ " let transposed = transpose(matrix);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(\n" #~ " transposed,\n" #~ " [\n" #~ " [101, 201, 301], //\n" #~ " [102, 202, 302],\n" #~ " [103, 203, 303],\n" #~ " ]\n" #~ " );\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let matrix = [\n" #~ " [101, 102, 103], // <-- comentariul face ca rustfmt să adauge o " #~ "linie nouă\n" #~ " [201, 202, 203],\n" #~ " [301, 302, 303],\n" #~ " ];\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"matrice:\");\n" #~ " pretty_print(&matrix);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let transposed = transpose(matrix);\n" #~ " println!(\"transposed:\");\n" #~ " pretty_print(&transposed);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Bonus question" #~ msgstr "Întrebare bonus" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "It requires more advanced concepts. It might seem that we could use a " #~ "slice-of-slices (`&[&[i32]]`) as the input type to transpose and thus " #~ "make our function handle any size of matrix. However, this quickly breaks " #~ "down: the return type cannot be `&[&[i32]]` since it needs to own the " #~ "data you return." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Aceasta necesită concepte mai avansate. S-ar putea părea că am putea " #~ "folosi o felie de felii (`&[&[&[i32]]`) ca tip de intrare pentru " #~ "transpunere și astfel funcția noastră ar putea gestiona matrice de orice " #~ "dimensiune. Cu toate acestea, acest lucru se strică rapid: tipul de retur " #~ "nu poate fi `&[&[i32]]`, deoarece trebuie să dețină datele pe care le " #~ "returnezi." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "You can attempt to use something like `Vec>`, but this doesn't " #~ "work out-of-the-box either: it's hard to convert from `Vec>` to " #~ "`&[&[i32]]` so now you cannot easily use `pretty_print` either." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Puteți încerca să folosiți ceva de genul `Vec<Vec>`, dar nici " #~ "acest lucru nu funcționează imediat: este greu de convertit din `Vec<" #~ "Vec>` în `&[&[&[i32]]`, astfel încât acum nu puteți " #~ "folosi cu ușurință nici `pretty_print`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Once we get to traits and generics, we'll be able to use the [`std::" #~ "convert::AsRef`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.AsRef.html) " #~ "trait to abstract over anything that can be referenced as a slice." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Odată ce ajungem la trăsături și la generice, vom putea folosi trăsătura " #~ "[`std::convert::AsRef`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.AsRef." #~ "html) pentru a abstractiza orice poate fi referit ca o felie." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "use std::convert::AsRef;\n" #~ "use std::fmt::Debug;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn pretty_print(matrix: Matrix)\n" #~ "where\n" #~ " T: Debug,\n" #~ " // A line references a slice of items\n" #~ " Line: AsRef<[T]>,\n" #~ " // A matrix references a slice of lines\n" #~ " Matrix: AsRef<[Line]>\n" #~ "{\n" #~ " for row in matrix.as_ref() {\n" #~ " println!(\"{:?}\", row.as_ref());\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " // &[&[i32]]\n" #~ " pretty_print(&[&[1, 2, 3], &[4, 5, 6], &[7, 8, 9]]);\n" #~ " // [[&str; 2]; 2]\n" #~ " pretty_print([[\"a\", \"b\"], [\"c\", \"d\"]]);\n" #~ " // Vec>\n" #~ " pretty_print(vec![vec![1, 2], vec![3, 4]]);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "use std::convert::AsRef;\n" #~ "use std::fmt::Debug;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn pretty_print(matrix: Matrix)\n" #~ "unde\n" #~ " T: Debug,\n" #~ " // O linie se referă la o felie de elemente\n" #~ " Linie: AsRef<[T]>,\n" #~ " // O matrice se referă la o felie de linii\n" #~ " Matrix: AsRef<[Line]>\n" #~ "{\n" #~ " for row in matrix.as_ref() {\n" #~ " println!(\"{:?}\", row.as_ref());\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " // &[&[i32]]\n" #~ " pretty_print(&[&[&[1, 2, 3], &[4, 5, 6], &[7, 8, " #~ "9]]);\n" #~ " // [[&[&str; 2]; 2]\n" #~ " pretty_print([[[\"a\", \"b\"], [\"c\", \"d\"]]]);\n" #~ " // Vec<Vec>\n" #~ " pretty_print(vec![vec![1, 2], vec![3, 4]]);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "In addition, the type itself would not enforce that the child slices are " #~ "of the same length, so such variable could contain an invalid matrix." #~ msgstr "" #~ "În plus, tipul în sine nu ar impune ca feliile copil să aibă aceeași " #~ "lungime, astfel încât o astfel de variabilă ar putea conține o matrice " #~ "invalidă." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Day 1 Afternoon Exercises" #~ msgstr "Ziua 1 Exerciții de după-amiază" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "([back to exercise](luhn.md))" #~ msgstr "([back to exercise](luhn.md))" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "pub fn luhn(cc_number: &str) -> bool {\n" #~ " let mut sum = 0;\n" #~ " let mut double = false;\n" #~ " let mut digit_seen = 0;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " for c in cc_number.chars().filter(|&f| f != ' ').rev() {\n" #~ " if let Some(digit) = c.to_digit(10) {\n" #~ " if double {\n" #~ " let double_digit = digit * 2;\n" #~ " sum += if double_digit > 9 {\n" #~ " double_digit - 9\n" #~ " } else {\n" #~ " double_digit\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " } else {\n" #~ " sum += digit;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " double = !double;\n" #~ " digit_seen += 1;\n" #~ " } else {\n" #~ " return false;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " if digit_seen < 2 {\n" #~ " return false;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " sum % 10 == 0\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let cc_number = \"1234 5678 1234 5670\";\n" #~ " println!(\n" #~ " \"Is {cc_number} a valid credit card number? {}\",\n" #~ " if luhn(cc_number) { \"yes\" } else { \"no\" }\n" #~ " );\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_non_digit_cc_number() {\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\"foo\"));\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\"foo 0 0\"));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_empty_cc_number() {\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\"\"));\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\" \"));\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\" \"));\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\" \"));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_single_digit_cc_number() {\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\"0\"));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_two_digit_cc_number() {\n" #~ " assert!(luhn(\" 0 0 \"));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_valid_cc_number() {\n" #~ " assert!(luhn(\"4263 9826 4026 9299\"));\n" #~ " assert!(luhn(\"4539 3195 0343 6467\"));\n" #~ " assert!(luhn(\"7992 7398 713\"));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_invalid_cc_number() {\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\"4223 9826 4026 9299\"));\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\"4539 3195 0343 6476\"));\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\"8273 1232 7352 0569\"));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "pub fn luhn(cc_number: &str) -> bool {\n" #~ " let mut sum = 0;\n" #~ " let mut double = false;\n" #~ " let mut digit_seen = 0;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " for c in cc_number.chars().filter(|&f| f != ' ').rev() {\n" #~ " if let Some(digit) = c.to_digit(10) {\n" #~ " if double {\n" #~ " let double_digit = digit * 2;\n" #~ " sum += if double_digit > 9 {\n" #~ " double_digit - 9\n" #~ " } else {\n" #~ " double_digit\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " } else {\n" #~ " sum += digit;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " double = !double;\n" #~ " digit_seen += 1;\n" #~ " } else {\n" #~ " return false;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " if digit_seen < 2 {\n" #~ " returnează false;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " sum % 10 == 0\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let cc_number = \"1234 5678 1234 5670\";\n" #~ " println!(\n" #~ " \"Este {cc_number} un număr de card de credit valid? {}\",\n" #~ " if luhn(cc_number) { \"yes\" } else { \"no\" }\n" #~ " );\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_non_digit_cc_number() {\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\"foo\")));\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\"foo 0 0\"));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_vid_număr_cc_vid() {\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\"\")));\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\" \")));\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\" \")));\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\" \")));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_single_digit_cc_number() {\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\"0\"));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_two_digit_cc_number() {\n" #~ " assert!(luhn(\" 0 0 0 \"));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_valid_cc_number() {\n" #~ " assert!(luhn(\"4263 9826 4026 9299\")));\n" #~ " assert!(luhn(\"4539 3195 0343 6467\")));\n" #~ " assert!(luhn(\"7992 7398 713\")));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_invalid_cc_number() {\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\"4223 9826 4026 9299\")));\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\"4539 3195 0343 6476\")));\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\"8273 1232 7352 0569\")));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Pattern matching" #~ msgstr "Potrivire de șabloane" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "/// An operation to perform on two subexpressions.\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "enum Operation {\n" #~ " Add,\n" #~ " Sub,\n" #~ " Mul,\n" #~ " Div,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// An expression, in tree form.\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "enum Expression {\n" #~ " /// An operation on two subexpressions.\n" #~ " Op {\n" #~ " op: Operation,\n" #~ " left: Box,\n" #~ " right: Box,\n" #~ " },\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// A literal value\n" #~ " Value(i64),\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// The result of evaluating an expression.\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]\n" #~ "enum Res {\n" #~ " /// Evaluation was successful, with the given result.\n" #~ " Ok(i64),\n" #~ " /// Evaluation failed, with the given error message.\n" #~ " Err(String),\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "// Allow `Ok` and `Err` as shorthands for `Res::Ok` and `Res::Err`.\n" #~ "use Res::{Err, Ok};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn eval(e: Expression) -> Res {\n" #~ " match e {\n" #~ " Expression::Op { op, left, right } => {\n" #~ " let left = match eval(*left) {\n" #~ " Ok(v) => v,\n" #~ " Err(msg) => return Err(msg),\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " let right = match eval(*right) {\n" #~ " Ok(v) => v,\n" #~ " Err(msg) => return Err(msg),\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " Ok(match op {\n" #~ " Operation::Add => left + right,\n" #~ " Operation::Sub => left - right,\n" #~ " Operation::Mul => left * right,\n" #~ " Operation::Div => {\n" #~ " if right == 0 {\n" #~ " return Err(String::from(\"division by zero\"));\n" #~ " } else {\n" #~ " left / right\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " })\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " Expression::Value(v) => Ok(v),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_value() {\n" #~ " assert_eq!(eval(Expression::Value(19)), Ok(19));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_sum() {\n" #~ " assert_eq!(\n" #~ " eval(Expression::Op {\n" #~ " op: Operation::Add,\n" #~ " left: Box::new(Expression::Value(10)),\n" #~ " right: Box::new(Expression::Value(20)),\n" #~ " }),\n" #~ " Ok(30)\n" #~ " );\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_recursion() {\n" #~ " let term1 = Expression::Op {\n" #~ " op: Operation::Mul,\n" #~ " left: Box::new(Expression::Value(10)),\n" #~ " right: Box::new(Expression::Value(9)),\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " let term2 = Expression::Op {\n" #~ " op: Operation::Mul,\n" #~ " left: Box::new(Expression::Op {\n" #~ " op: Operation::Sub,\n" #~ " left: Box::new(Expression::Value(3)),\n" #~ " right: Box::new(Expression::Value(4)),\n" #~ " }),\n" #~ " right: Box::new(Expression::Value(5)),\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " assert_eq!(\n" #~ " eval(Expression::Op {\n" #~ " op: Operation::Add,\n" #~ " left: Box::new(term1),\n" #~ " right: Box::new(term2),\n" #~ " }),\n" #~ " Ok(85)\n" #~ " );\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_error() {\n" #~ " assert_eq!(\n" #~ " eval(Expression::Op {\n" #~ " op: Operation::Div,\n" #~ " left: Box::new(Expression::Value(99)),\n" #~ " right: Box::new(Expression::Value(0)),\n" #~ " }),\n" #~ " Err(String::from(\"division by zero\"))\n" #~ " );\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let expr = Expression::Op {\n" #~ " op: Operation::Sub,\n" #~ " left: Box::new(Expression::Value(20)),\n" #~ " right: Box::new(Expression::Value(10)),\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " println!(\"expr: {:?}\", expr);\n" #~ " println!(\"result: {:?}\", eval(expr));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "/// O operație care trebuie efectuată asupra a două subexpresii.\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "enum Operation {\n" #~ " Add,\n" #~ " Sub,\n" #~ " Mul,\n" #~ " Div,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// O expresie, în formă de arbore.\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "enum Expression {\n" #~ " /// O operație asupra a două subexpresii.\n" #~ " Op {\n" #~ " op: Operație,\n" #~ " left: Box,\n" #~ " dreapta: Caseta,\n" #~ " },\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// O valoare literală\n" #~ " Valoare(i64),\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Rezultatul evaluării unei expresii.\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]\n" #~ "enum Res {\n" #~ " /// Evaluarea a avut succes, cu rezultatul dat.\n" #~ " Ok(i64),\n" #~ " /// Evaluarea a eșuat, cu mesajul de eroare dat.\n" #~ " Err(String),\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "// Permiteți `Ok` și `Err` ca prescurtări pentru `Res::Ok` și `Res::" #~ "Err`.\n" #~ "use Res::{Err, Ok};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn eval(e: Expression) -> Res {\n" #~ " match e {\n" #~ " Expression::Op { op, left, right } => {\n" #~ " let left = match eval(*left) {\n" #~ " Ok(v) => v,\n" #~ " Err(msg) => return Err(msg),\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " let right = match eval(*right) {\n" #~ " Ok(v) => v,\n" #~ " Err(msg) => return Err(msg),\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " Ok(match op {\n" #~ " Operation::Add => left + right,\n" #~ " Operation::Sub => stânga - dreapta,\n" #~ " Operation::Mul => stânga * dreapta,\n" #~ " Operation::Div => {\n" #~ " if right == 0 {\n" #~ " return Err(String::from(\"diviziune cu zero\"));\n" #~ " } else {\n" #~ " stânga / dreapta\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " })\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " Expresie::Valoare(v) => Ok(v),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_valoare_test() {\n" #~ " assert_eq!(eval(Expression::Value(19)), Ok(19));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_sum() {\n" #~ " assert_eq!(\n" #~ " eval(Expression::Op {\n" #~ " op: Operation::Add,\n" #~ " left: Box::new(Expression::Value(10)),\n" #~ " right: Box::new(Expression::Value(20)),\n" #~ " }),\n" #~ " Ok(30)\n" #~ " );\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_recursiune_test() {\n" #~ " let term1 = Expression::Op {\n" #~ " op: Operation::Mul,\n" #~ " left: Box::new(Expression::Value(10)),\n" #~ " right: Box::new(Expression::Value(9)),\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " let term2 = Expression::Op {\n" #~ " op: Operation::Mul,\n" #~ " left: Box::new(Expression::Op {\n" #~ " op: Operation::Sub,\n" #~ " left: Box::new(Expression::Value(3)),\n" #~ " right: Box::new(Expresie::Valoare(4)),\n" #~ " }),\n" #~ " dreapta: Box::new(Expression::Value(5)),\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " assert_eq!(\n" #~ " eval(Expression::Op {\n" #~ " op: Operation::Add,\n" #~ " left: Box::new(term1),\n" #~ " right: Box::new(term2),\n" #~ " }),\n" #~ " Ok(85)\n" #~ " );\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_error() {\n" #~ " assert_eq!(\n" #~ " eval(Expression::Op {\n" #~ " op: Operation::Div,\n" #~ " left: Box::new(Expression::Value(99)),\n" #~ " right: Box::new(Expresie::Valoare(0)),\n" #~ " }),\n" #~ " Err(String::from(\"împărțire la zero\"))\n" #~ " );\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let expr = Expression::Op {\n" #~ " op: Operation::Sub,\n" #~ " left: Box::new(Expression::Value(20)),\n" #~ " right: Box::new(Expresie::Valoare(10)),\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " println!(\"expr: {:?}\", expr);\n" #~ " println!(\"rezultat: {:?}\", eval(expr));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Day 2 Morning Exercises" #~ msgstr "Ziua 2 Exerciții de dimineață" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Designing a Library" #~ msgstr "Proiectarea unei biblioteci" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "([back to exercise](book-library.md))" #~ msgstr "([back to exercise](book-library.md))" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "struct Library {\n" #~ " books: Vec,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "struct Book {\n" #~ " title: String,\n" #~ " year: u16,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Book {\n" #~ " // This is a constructor, used below.\n" #~ " fn new(title: &str, year: u16) -> Book {\n" #~ " Book {\n" #~ " title: String::from(title),\n" #~ " year,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// Implement the methods below. Notice how the `self` parameter\n" #~ "// changes type to indicate the method's required level of ownership\n" #~ "// over the object:\n" #~ "//\n" #~ "// - `&self` for shared read-only access,\n" #~ "// - `&mut self` for unique and mutable access,\n" #~ "// - `self` for unique access by value.\n" #~ "impl Library {\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn new() -> Library {\n" #~ " Library { books: Vec::new() }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn len(&self) -> usize {\n" #~ " self.books.len()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {\n" #~ " self.books.is_empty()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn add_book(&mut self, book: Book) {\n" #~ " self.books.push(book)\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn print_books(&self) {\n" #~ " for book in &self.books {\n" #~ " println!(\"{}, published in {}\", book.title, book.year);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn oldest_book(&self) -> Option<&Book> {\n" #~ " // Using a closure and a built-in method:\n" #~ " // self.books.iter().min_by_key(|book| book.year)\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Longer hand-written solution:\n" #~ " let mut oldest: Option<&Book> = None;\n" #~ " for book in self.books.iter() {\n" #~ " if oldest.is_none() || book.year < oldest.unwrap().year {\n" #~ " oldest = Some(book);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " oldest\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut library = Library::new();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\n" #~ " \"The library is empty: library.is_empty() -> {}\",\n" #~ " library.is_empty()\n" #~ " );\n" #~ "\n" #~ " library.add_book(Book::new(\"Lord of the Rings\", 1954));\n" #~ " library.add_book(Book::new(\"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland\", " #~ "1865));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\n" #~ " \"The library is no longer empty: library.is_empty() -> {}\",\n" #~ " library.is_empty()\n" #~ " );\n" #~ "\n" #~ " library.print_books();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " match library.oldest_book() {\n" #~ " Some(book) => println!(\"The oldest book is {}\", book.title),\n" #~ " None => println!(\"The library is empty!\"),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"The library has {} books\", library.len());\n" #~ " library.print_books();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_library_len() {\n" #~ " let mut library = Library::new();\n" #~ " assert_eq!(library.len(), 0);\n" #~ " assert!(library.is_empty());\n" #~ "\n" #~ " library.add_book(Book::new(\"Lord of the Rings\", 1954));\n" #~ " library.add_book(Book::new(\"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland\", " #~ "1865));\n" #~ " assert_eq!(library.len(), 2);\n" #~ " assert!(!library.is_empty());\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_library_is_empty() {\n" #~ " let mut library = Library::new();\n" #~ " assert!(library.is_empty());\n" #~ "\n" #~ " library.add_book(Book::new(\"Lord of the Rings\", 1954));\n" #~ " assert!(!library.is_empty());\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_library_print_books() {\n" #~ " let mut library = Library::new();\n" #~ " library.add_book(Book::new(\"Lord of the Rings\", 1954));\n" #~ " library.add_book(Book::new(\"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland\", " #~ "1865));\n" #~ " // We could try and capture stdout, but let us just call the\n" #~ " // method to start with.\n" #~ " library.print_books();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_library_oldest_book() {\n" #~ " let mut library = Library::new();\n" #~ " assert!(library.oldest_book().is_none());\n" #~ "\n" #~ " library.add_book(Book::new(\"Lord of the Rings\", 1954));\n" #~ " assert_eq!(\n" #~ " library.oldest_book().map(|b| b.title.as_str()),\n" #~ " Some(\"Lord of the Rings\")\n" #~ " );\n" #~ "\n" #~ " library.add_book(Book::new(\"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland\", " #~ "1865));\n" #~ " assert_eq!(\n" #~ " library.oldest_book().map(|b| b.title.as_str()),\n" #~ " Some(\"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland\")\n" #~ " );\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "struct Biblioteca {\n" #~ " cărți: Vec,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "struct Book {\n" #~ " titlu: String,\n" #~ " year: u16,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Book {\n" #~ " // Acesta este un constructor, utilizat mai jos.\n" #~ " fn new(title: &str, year: u16) -> Book {\n" #~ " Carte {\n" #~ " title: String::from(title),\n" #~ " year,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// Implementați metodele de mai jos. Observați modul în care parametrul " #~ "`self`\n" #~ "// își schimbă tipul pentru a indica nivelul necesar de proprietate al " #~ "metodei\n" #~ "// asupra obiectului:\n" #~ "//\n" #~ "// - `&self` pentru acces partajat numai pentru citire,\n" #~ "// - `&mut self` pentru acces unic și mutabil,\n" #~ "// - `self` pentru acces unic prin valoare.\n" #~ "impl Library {\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn new() -> Library {\n" #~ " Bibliotecă { books: Vec::new() }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn len(&self) -> usize {\n" #~ " self.books.len()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {\n" #~ " self.books.is_empty()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn add_book(&mut self, book: Book) {\n" #~ " self.books.push(book)\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn print_books(&self) {\n" #~ " for book in &self.books {\n" #~ " println!(\"{}, publicat în {}\", book.title, book.year);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn oldest_book(&self) -> Option<&Book> {\n" #~ " // Utilizarea unei închideri și a unei metode încorporate:\n" #~ " // self.books.iter().min_by_key(|book| book.year)\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Soluție mai lungă scrisă de mână:\n" #~ " let mut oldest: Option<&Book> = None;\n" #~ " for book in self.books.iter() {\n" #~ " if oldest.is_none() || book.year < oldest.unwrap().year {\n" #~ " oldest = Some(book);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " oldest\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut library = Library::new();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\n" #~ " \"The library is empty: library.is_empty() -> {}\",\n" #~ " library.is_empty()\n" #~ " );\n" #~ "\n" #~ " library.add_book(Book::new(\"Lord of the Rings\", 1954));\n" #~ " library.add_book(Book::new(\"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland\", " #~ "1865));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\n" #~ " \"The library is no longer empty: library.is_empty() -> {}\",\n" #~ " library.is_empty()\n" #~ " );\n" #~ "\n" #~ " library.print_books();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " match library.oldest_book() {\n" #~ " Some(book) => println!(\"Cea mai veche carte este {}\", book." #~ "title),\n" #~ " None => printlnn!(\"Biblioteca este goală!\"),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " printlnn!(\"Biblioteca are {} cărți\", library.len());\n" #~ " library.print_books();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_test_library_len() {\n" #~ " let mut library = Library::new();\n" #~ " assert_eq!(library.len(), 0);\n" #~ " assert!(library.is_empty());\n" #~ "\n" #~ " library.add_book(Book::new(\"Lord of the Rings\", 1954));\n" #~ " library.add_book(Book::new(\"Aventurile lui Alice în Țara " #~ "Minunilor\", 1865));\n" #~ " assert_eq!(library.len(), 2);\n" #~ " assert!(!library.is_empty());\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_biblioteca_este_vidă() {\n" #~ " let mut library = Library::new();\n" #~ " assert!(library.is_empty());\n" #~ "\n" #~ " library.add_book(Book::new(\"Lord of the Rings\", 1954));\n" #~ " assert!(!library.is_empty());\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_biblioteca_imprimă_cărți() {\n" #~ " let mut library = Library::new();\n" #~ " library.add_book(Book::new(\"Lord of the Rings\", 1954));\n" #~ " library.add_book(Book::new(\"Aventurile lui Alice în Țara " #~ "Minunilor\", 1865));\n" #~ " // Am putea încerca să capturăm stdout, dar haideți să apelăm pur și " #~ "simplu la funcția\n" #~ " // metoda pentru început.\n" #~ " library.print_books();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_biblioteca_cea_mai_veche_carte() {\n" #~ " let mut library = Library::new();\n" #~ " assert!(library.oldest_book().is_none()));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " library.add_book(Book::new(\"Stăpânul Inelelor\", 1954));\n" #~ " assert_eq!(\n" #~ " library.oldest_book().map(|b| b.title.as_str()),\n" #~ " Some(\"Stăpânul inelelor\")\n" #~ " );\n" #~ "\n" #~ " library.add_book(Book::new(\"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland\", " #~ "1865));\n" #~ " assert_eq!(\n" #~ " library.oldest_book().map(|b| b.title.as_str()),\n" #~ " Some(\"Aventurile lui Alice în Țara Minunilor\")\n" #~ " );\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "([back to exercise](health-statistics.md))" #~ msgstr "([back to exercise](health-statistics.md))" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "pub struct User {\n" #~ " name: String,\n" #~ " age: u32,\n" #~ " height: f32,\n" #~ " visit_count: usize,\n" #~ " last_blood_pressure: Option<(u32, u32)>,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub struct Measurements {\n" #~ " height: f32,\n" #~ " blood_pressure: (u32, u32),\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub struct HealthReport<'a> {\n" #~ " patient_name: &'a str,\n" #~ " visit_count: u32,\n" #~ " height_change: f32,\n" #~ " blood_pressure_change: Option<(i32, i32)>,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl User {\n" #~ " pub fn new(name: String, age: u32, height: f32) -> Self {\n" #~ " Self {\n" #~ " name,\n" #~ " age,\n" #~ " height,\n" #~ " visit_count: 0,\n" #~ " last_blood_pressure: None,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn name(&self) -> &str {\n" #~ " &self.name\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn age(&self) -> u32 {\n" #~ " self.age\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn height(&self) -> f32 {\n" #~ " self.height\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn doctor_visits(&self) -> u32 {\n" #~ " self.visit_count as u32\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn set_age(&mut self, new_age: u32) {\n" #~ " self.age = new_age\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn set_height(&mut self, new_height: f32) {\n" #~ " self.height = new_height\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn visit_doctor(&mut self, measurements: Measurements) -> " #~ "HealthReport {\n" #~ " self.visit_count += 1;\n" #~ " let bp = measurements.blood_pressure;\n" #~ " let report = HealthReport {\n" #~ " patient_name: &self.name,\n" #~ " visit_count: self.visit_count as u32,\n" #~ " height_change: measurements.height - self.height,\n" #~ " blood_pressure_change: match self.last_blood_pressure {\n" #~ " Some(lbp) => Some((\n" #~ " bp.0 as i32 - lbp.0 as i32,\n" #~ " bp.1 as i32 - lbp.1 as i32\n" #~ " )),\n" #~ " None => None,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " self.height = measurements.height;\n" #~ " self.last_blood_pressure = Some(bp);\n" #~ " report\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let bob = User::new(String::from(\"Bob\"), 32, 155.2);\n" #~ " println!(\"I'm {} and my age is {}\", bob.name(), bob.age());\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_height() {\n" #~ " let bob = User::new(String::from(\"Bob\"), 32, 155.2);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(bob.height(), 155.2);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_set_age() {\n" #~ " let mut bob = User::new(String::from(\"Bob\"), 32, 155.2);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(bob.age(), 32);\n" #~ " bob.set_age(33);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(bob.age(), 33);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_visit() {\n" #~ " let mut bob = User::new(String::from(\"Bob\"), 32, 155.2);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(bob.doctor_visits(), 0);\n" #~ " let report = bob.visit_doctor(Measurements {\n" #~ " height: 156.1,\n" #~ " blood_pressure: (120, 80),\n" #~ " });\n" #~ " assert_eq!(report.patient_name, \"Bob\");\n" #~ " assert_eq!(report.visit_count, 1);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(report.blood_pressure_change, None);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let report = bob.visit_doctor(Measurements {\n" #~ " height: 156.1,\n" #~ " blood_pressure: (115, 76),\n" #~ " });\n" #~ "\n" #~ " assert_eq!(report.visit_count, 2);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(report.blood_pressure_change, Some((-5, -4)));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "pub struct Utilizator {\n" #~ " name: String,\n" #~ " age: u32,\n" #~ " înălțime: f32,\n" #~ " visit_count: usize,\n" #~ " last_blood_pressure: Option<(u32, u32)>,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub struct struct Measurements {\n" #~ " height: f32,\n" #~ " blood_pressure: (u32, u32),\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub struct struct HealthReport<'a> {\n" #~ " patient_name: &'a str,\n" #~ " visit_count: u32,\n" #~ " height_change: f32,\n" #~ " blood_pressure_change: Option<(i32, i32)>,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl User {\n" #~ " pub fn new(name: String, age: u32, height: f32) -> Self {\n" #~ " Self {\n" #~ " name,\n" #~ " vârstă,\n" #~ " înălțime,\n" #~ " visit_count: 0,\n" #~ " last_blood_pressure: niciunul,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn name(&self) -> &str {\n" #~ " &self.name\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn age(&self) -> u32 {\n" #~ " self.age\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn height(&self) -> f32 {\n" #~ " self.height\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn fn doctor_visite(&self) -> u32 {\n" #~ " self.visit_count as u32\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn set_age(&mut self, new_age: u32) {\n" #~ " self.age = new_age\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn set_height(&mut self, new_height: f32) {\n" #~ " self.height = new_height\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn visit_doctor(&mut self, measurements: Measurements) -> " #~ "HealthReport {\n" #~ " self.visit_count += 1;\n" #~ " let bp = measurements.blood_pressure;\n" #~ " let report = HealthReport {\n" #~ " patient_name: &self.name,\n" #~ " visit_count: self.visit_count as u32,\n" #~ " height_change: measurements.height - self.height,\n" #~ " blood_pressure_change: match self.last_blood_pressure {\n" #~ " Some(lbp) => Some((\n" #~ " bp.0 as i32 - lbp.0 as i32,\n" #~ " bp.1 as i32 - lbp.1 as i32\n" #~ " )),\n" #~ " None => None,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " self.height = measurements.height;\n" #~ " self.last_blood_pressure = Some(bp);\n" #~ " raportează\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let bob = User::new(String::from(\"Bob\"), 32, 155.2);\n" #~ " println!(\"Sunt {} și vârsta mea este {}\", bob.name(), bob.age()), " #~ "bob.age());\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_înălțime() {\n" #~ " let bob = User::new(String::from(\"Bob\"), 32, 155.2);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(bob.height(), 155.2);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_set_age() {\n" #~ " let mut bob = User::new(String::from(\"Bob\"), 32, 155.2);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(bob.age(), 32);\n" #~ " bob.set_age(33);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(bob.age(), 33);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_vizita_test() {\n" #~ " let mut bob = User::new(String::from(\"Bob\"), 32, 155.2);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(bob.doctor_visitează(), 0);\n" #~ " let report = bob.visit_doctor(Measurements {\n" #~ " înălțime: 156,1,\n" #~ " blood_pressure: (120, 80),\n" #~ " });\n" #~ " assert_eq!(report.patient_name, \"Bob\");\n" #~ " assert_eq!(report.visit_count, 1);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(report.blood_pressure_change, None);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let report = bob.visit_doctor(Measurements {\n" #~ " înălțime: 156,1,\n" #~ " blood_pressure: (115, 76),\n" #~ " });\n" #~ "\n" #~ " assert_eq!(report.visit_count, 2);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(report.blood_pressure_change, Some((-5, -4)));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "([back to exercise](strings-iterators.md))" #~ msgstr "([înapoi la exercițiu](strings-iterators.md))" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "pub fn prefix_matches(prefix: &str, request_path: &str) -> bool {\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut request_segments = request_path.split('/');\n" #~ "\n" #~ " for prefix_segment in prefix.split('/') {\n" #~ " let Some(request_segment) = request_segments.next() else {\n" #~ " return false;\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " if request_segment != prefix_segment && prefix_segment != " #~ "\"*\" {\n" #~ " return false;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " true\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Alternatively, Iterator::zip() lets us iterate simultaneously over " #~ "prefix\n" #~ " // and request segments. The zip() iterator is finished as soon as " #~ "one of\n" #~ " // the source iterators is finished, but we need to iterate over all " #~ "request\n" #~ " // segments. A neat trick that makes zip() work is to use map() and " #~ "chain()\n" #~ " // to produce an iterator that returns Some(str) for each pattern " #~ "segments,\n" #~ " // and then returns None indefinitely.\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_matches_without_wildcard() {\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers\"));\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers/" #~ "abc-123\"));\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers/abc/" #~ "books\"));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1\"));\n" #~ " assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/" #~ "publishersBooks\"));\n" #~ " assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/parent/" #~ "publishers\"));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_matches_with_wildcard() {\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/*/books\",\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/foo/books\"\n" #~ " ));\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/*/books\",\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/bar/books\"\n" #~ " ));\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/*/books\",\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/foo/books/book1\"\n" #~ " ));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers/*/books\", \"/v1/" #~ "publishers\"));\n" #~ " assert!(!prefix_matches(\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/*/books\",\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/foo/booksByAuthor\"\n" #~ " ));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "pub fn prefix_matches(prefix: &str, request_path: &str) -> bool {\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut request_segments = request_path.split('/');\n" #~ "\n" #~ " for prefix_segment in prefix.split('/') {\n" #~ " let Some(request_segment) = request_segments.next() else {\n" #~ " return false;\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " if request_segment != prefix_segment && prefix_segment ! = " #~ "\"*\" {\n" #~ " return false;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " true\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Alternativ, Iterator::zip() ne permite să iterăm simultan peste " #~ "prefixul\n" #~ " // și segmentele de cerere. Iteratorul zip() se termină de îndată ce " #~ "unul din\n" #~ " // iteratorii sursă se termină, dar noi trebuie să iterăm peste toate " #~ "cererile\n" #~ " // segmente. Un truc ingenios care face ca zip() să funcționeze este " #~ "utilizarea map() și chain()\n" #~ " // pentru a produce un iterator care returnează Some(str) pentru " #~ "fiecare segment de model,\n" #~ " // și apoi returnează None la nesfârșit.\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_matches_without_wildcard() {\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers\"));\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers/" #~ "abc-123\"));\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers/abc/" #~ "books\")));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1\"));\n" #~ " assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/" #~ "publishersBooks\")));\n" #~ " assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/părinți/" #~ "editori\")));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_matches_with_wildcard() {\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/*/books\",\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/foo/books\"\n" #~ " ));\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/*/books\",\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/bar/books\"\n" #~ " ));\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/*/books\",\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/foo/books/books/book1\"\n" #~ " ));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers/*/books\", \"/v1/" #~ "publishers\"));\n" #~ " assert!(!prefix_matches(\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/*/books\",\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/foo/booksByAuthor\"\n" #~ " ));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Day 3 Morning Exercise" #~ msgstr "Ziua 3 Exercițiul de dimineață" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "([back to exercise](simple-gui.md))" #~ msgstr "([înapoi la exercițiu](simple-gui.md))" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "pub trait Widget {\n" #~ " /// Natural width of `self`.\n" #~ " fn width(&self) -> usize;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// Draw the widget into a buffer.\n" #~ " fn draw_into(&self, buffer: &mut dyn std::fmt::Write);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// Draw the widget on standard output.\n" #~ " fn draw(&self) {\n" #~ " let mut buffer = String::new();\n" #~ " self.draw_into(&mut buffer);\n" #~ " println!(\"{buffer}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub struct Label {\n" #~ " label: String,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Label {\n" #~ " fn new(label: &str) -> Label {\n" #~ " Label {\n" #~ " label: label.to_owned(),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub struct Button {\n" #~ " label: Label,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Button {\n" #~ " fn new(label: &str) -> Button {\n" #~ " Button {\n" #~ " label: Label::new(label),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub struct Window {\n" #~ " title: String,\n" #~ " widgets: Vec>,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Window {\n" #~ " fn new(title: &str) -> Window {\n" #~ " Window {\n" #~ " title: title.to_owned(),\n" #~ " widgets: Vec::new(),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn add_widget(&mut self, widget: Box) {\n" #~ " self.widgets.push(widget);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn inner_width(&self) -> usize {\n" #~ " std::cmp::max(\n" #~ " self.title.chars().count(),\n" #~ " self.widgets.iter().map(|w| w.width()).max().unwrap_or(0),\n" #~ " )\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Widget for Window {\n" #~ " fn width(&self) -> usize {\n" #~ " // Add 4 paddings for borders\n" #~ " self.inner_width() + 4\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn draw_into(&self, buffer: &mut dyn std::fmt::Write) {\n" #~ " let mut inner = String::new();\n" #~ " for widget in &self.widgets {\n" #~ " widget.draw_into(&mut inner);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let inner_width = self.inner_width();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // TODO: after learning about error handling, you can change\n" #~ " // draw_into to return Result<(), std::fmt::Error>. Then use\n" #~ " // the ?-operator here instead of .unwrap().\n" #~ " writeln!(buffer, \"+-{:- usize {\n" #~ " self.label.width() + 8 // add a bit of padding\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn draw_into(&self, buffer: &mut dyn std::fmt::Write) {\n" #~ " let width = self.width();\n" #~ " let mut label = String::new();\n" #~ " self.label.draw_into(&mut label);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " writeln!(buffer, \"+{:- usize {\n" #~ " self.label\n" #~ " .lines()\n" #~ " .map(|line| line.chars().count())\n" #~ " .max()\n" #~ " .unwrap_or(0)\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn draw_into(&self, buffer: &mut dyn std::fmt::Write) {\n" #~ " writeln!(buffer, \"{}\", &self.label).unwrap();\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut window = Window::new(\"Rust GUI Demo 1.23\");\n" #~ " window.add_widget(Box::new(Label::new(\"This is a small text GUI demo." #~ "\")));\n" #~ " window.add_widget(Box::new(Button::new(\n" #~ " \"Click me!\"\n" #~ " )));\n" #~ " window.draw();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "pub trait Widget {\n" #~ " /// Lățimea naturală a lui `self`.\n" #~ " fn width(&self) -> usize;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// Desenează widget-ul într-un buffer.\n" #~ " fn draw_into(&self, buffer: &mut dyn std::fmt::Write);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// Desenează widget-ul pe ieșirea standard.\n" #~ " fn draw(&self) {\n" #~ " let mut buffer = String::new();\n" #~ " self.draw_into(&mut buffer);\n" #~ " println!(\"{buffer}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub struct Label {\n" #~ " label: String,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Label {\n" #~ " fn new(label: &str) -> Label {\n" #~ " Etichetă {\n" #~ " label: label.to_owned(),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub struct Button {\n" #~ " label: Label,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Button {\n" #~ " fn new(label: &str) -> Button {\n" #~ " Button {\n" #~ " label: Label::new(label),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub struct Window {\n" #~ " title: String,\n" #~ " widgets: Vec<Box>,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Window {\n" #~ " fn new(title: &str) -> Window {\n" #~ " Window {\n" #~ " title: title.to_owned(),\n" #~ " widgets: Vec::new(),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn add_widget(&mut self, widget: Box) {\n" #~ " self.widgets.push(widget);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn inner_width(&self) -> usize {\n" #~ " std::cmp::max(\n" #~ " self.title.chars().count(),\n" #~ " self.widgets.iter().map(|w| w.width()).max().unwrap_or(0),\n" #~ " )\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Widget pentru fereastră {\n" #~ " fn width(&self) -> usize {\n" #~ " // Adăugați 4 căptușeli pentru margini\n" #~ " self.inner_width() + 4\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn draw_into(&self, buffer: &mut dyn std::fmt::Write) {\n" #~ " let mut inner = String::new();\n" #~ " for widget in &self.widgets {\n" #~ " widget.draw_into(&mut inner);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let inner_width = self.inner_width();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // TODO: după ce ați învățat despre gestionarea erorilor, puteți " #~ "schimba\n" #~ " // draw_into pentru a returna rezultatul<(), std::fmt::Error>. " #~ "Apoi utilizați\n" #~ " // operatorul ?- aici în loc de .unwrap().\n" #~ " writeln!(buffer, \"+-{:- Point {\n" #~ " Point { x, y }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn magnitude(self) -> f64 {\n" #~ " f64::from(self.x.pow(2) + self.y.pow(2)).sqrt()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn dist(self, other: Point) -> f64 {\n" #~ " (self - other).magnitude()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl std::ops::Add for Point {\n" #~ " type Output = Self;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn add(self, other: Self) -> Self::Output {\n" #~ " Self {\n" #~ " x: self.x + other.x,\n" #~ " y: self.y + other.y,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl std::ops::Sub for Point {\n" #~ " type Output = Self;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn sub(self, other: Self) -> Self::Output {\n" #~ " Self {\n" #~ " x: self.x - other.x,\n" #~ " y: self.y - other.y,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub struct Polygon {\n" #~ " points: Vec,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Polygon {\n" #~ " pub fn new() -> Polygon {\n" #~ " Polygon { points: Vec::new() }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn add_point(&mut self, point: Point) {\n" #~ " self.points.push(point);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn left_most_point(&self) -> Option {\n" #~ " self.points.iter().min_by_key(|p| p.x).copied()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn iter(&self) -> impl Iterator {\n" #~ " self.points.iter()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn length(&self) -> f64 {\n" #~ " if self.points.is_empty() {\n" #~ " return 0.0;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut result = 0.0;\n" #~ " let mut last_point = self.points[0];\n" #~ " for point in &self.points[1..] {\n" #~ " result += last_point.dist(*point);\n" #~ " last_point = *point;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " result += last_point.dist(self.points[0]);\n" #~ " result\n" #~ " // Alternatively, Iterator::zip() lets us iterate over the points " #~ "as pairs\n" #~ " // but we need to pair each point with the next one, and the last " #~ "point\n" #~ " // with the first point. The zip() iterator is finished as soon " #~ "as one of \n" #~ " // the source iterators is finished, a neat trick is to combine " #~ "Iterator::cycle\n" #~ " // with Iterator::skip to create the second iterator for the zip " #~ "and using map \n" #~ " // and sum to calculate the total length.\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub struct Circle {\n" #~ " center: Point,\n" #~ " radius: i32,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Circle {\n" #~ " pub fn new(center: Point, radius: i32) -> Circle {\n" #~ " Circle { center, radius }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn circumference(&self) -> f64 {\n" #~ " 2.0 * std::f64::consts::PI * f64::from(self.radius)\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn dist(&self, other: &Self) -> f64 {\n" #~ " self.center.dist(other.center)\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub enum Shape {\n" #~ " Polygon(Polygon),\n" #~ " Circle(Circle),\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl From for Shape {\n" #~ " fn from(poly: Polygon) -> Self {\n" #~ " Shape::Polygon(poly)\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl From for Shape {\n" #~ " fn from(circle: Circle) -> Self {\n" #~ " Shape::Circle(circle)\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Shape {\n" #~ " pub fn perimeter(&self) -> f64 {\n" #~ " match self {\n" #~ " Shape::Polygon(poly) => poly.length(),\n" #~ " Shape::Circle(circle) => circle.circumference(),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[cfg(test)]\n" #~ "mod tests {\n" #~ " use super::*;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn round_two_digits(x: f64) -> f64 {\n" #~ " (x * 100.0).round() / 100.0\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " #[test]\n" #~ " fn test_point_magnitude() {\n" #~ " let p1 = Point::new(12, 13);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(round_two_digits(p1.magnitude()), 17.69);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " #[test]\n" #~ " fn test_point_dist() {\n" #~ " let p1 = Point::new(10, 10);\n" #~ " let p2 = Point::new(14, 13);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(round_two_digits(p1.dist(p2)), 5.00);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " #[test]\n" #~ " fn test_point_add() {\n" #~ " let p1 = Point::new(16, 16);\n" #~ " let p2 = p1 + Point::new(-4, 3);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(p2, Point::new(12, 19));\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " #[test]\n" #~ " fn test_polygon_left_most_point() {\n" #~ " let p1 = Point::new(12, 13);\n" #~ " let p2 = Point::new(16, 16);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut poly = Polygon::new();\n" #~ " poly.add_point(p1);\n" #~ " poly.add_point(p2);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(poly.left_most_point(), Some(p1));\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " #[test]\n" #~ " fn test_polygon_iter() {\n" #~ " let p1 = Point::new(12, 13);\n" #~ " let p2 = Point::new(16, 16);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut poly = Polygon::new();\n" #~ " poly.add_point(p1);\n" #~ " poly.add_point(p2);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let points = poly.iter().cloned().collect::>();\n" #~ " assert_eq!(points, vec![Point::new(12, 13), Point::new(16, " #~ "16)]);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " #[test]\n" #~ " fn test_shape_perimeters() {\n" #~ " let mut poly = Polygon::new();\n" #~ " poly.add_point(Point::new(12, 13));\n" #~ " poly.add_point(Point::new(17, 11));\n" #~ " poly.add_point(Point::new(16, 16));\n" #~ " let shapes = vec![\n" #~ " Shape::from(poly),\n" #~ " Shape::from(Circle::new(Point::new(10, 20), 5)),\n" #~ " ];\n" #~ " let perimeters = shapes\n" #~ " .iter()\n" #~ " .map(Shape::perimeter)\n" #~ " .map(round_two_digits)\n" #~ " .collect::>();\n" #~ " assert_eq!(perimeters, vec![15.48, 31.42]);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]]\n" #~ "pub struct struct Point {\n" #~ " x: i32,\n" #~ " y: i32,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Point {\n" #~ " pub fn new(x: i32, y: i32) -> Point {\n" #~ " Punct { x, y }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn magnitude(self) -> f64 {\n" #~ " f64::from(self.x.pow(2) + self.y.pow(2)).sqrt()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn dist(self, other: Point) -> f64 {\n" #~ " (self - other).magnitude()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl std::ops::Add for Point {\n" #~ " type Output = Self;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn add(self, other: Self) -> Self::Output {\n" #~ " Self {\n" #~ " x: self.x + other.x,\n" #~ " y: self.y + other.y,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl std::ops::Sub for Point {\n" #~ " type Output = Self;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn sub(self, other: Self) -> Self::Output {\n" #~ " Self {\n" #~ " x: self.x - other.x,\n" #~ " y: self.y - other.y,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub struct struct Polygon {\n" #~ " puncte: Vec,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Polygon {\n" #~ " pub fn new() -> Polygon {\n" #~ " Polygon { points: Vec::new() }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn add_point(&mut self, point: Point) {\n" #~ " self.points.push(point);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn left_most_point(&self) -> Option {\n" #~ " self.points.iter().min_by_key(|p| p.x).copied()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn iter(&self) -> impl Iterator {\n" #~ " self.points.iter()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn length(&self) -> f64 {\n" #~ " if self.points.is_empty() {\n" #~ " return 0.0;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut result = 0.0;\n" #~ " let mut mut last_point = self.points[0];\n" #~ " for point in &self.points[1..] {\n" #~ " result += last_point.dist(*punct);\n" #~ " last_point = *punct;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " result += last_point.dist(self.points[0]);\n" #~ " rezultat\n" #~ " // Alternativ, Iterator::zip() ne permite să iterăm peste puncte " #~ "ca perechi\n" #~ " // dar trebuie să împerechem fiecare punct cu următorul, iar " #~ "ultimul punct\n" #~ " // cu primul punct. Iteratorul zip() se termină de îndată ce unul " #~ "dintre punctele \n" #~ " // iteratorii sursă este terminat, un truc ingenios este să " #~ "combinăm Iterator::cycle\n" #~ " // cu Iterator::skip pentru a crea cel de-al doilea iterator " #~ "pentru zip și folosind map \n" #~ " // și suma pentru a calcula lungimea totală.\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub struct Circle {\n" #~ " centru: Punct,\n" #~ " radius: i32,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Circle {\n" #~ " pub fn new(center: Point, radius: i32) -> Circle {\n" #~ " Cerc { center, radius }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn circumference(&self) -> f64 {\n" #~ " 2.0 * std::f64::consts::PI * f64::from(self.radius)\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn dist(&self, other: &Self) -> f64 {\n" #~ " self.center.dist(other.center)\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub enum Shape {\n" #~ " Polygon(Polygon),\n" #~ " Circle(Circle),\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl From for Shape {\n" #~ " fn from(poly: Polygon) -> Self {\n" #~ " Shape::Polygon(poly)\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl From pentru Shape {\n" #~ " fn from(circle: Circle) -> Self {\n" #~ " Shape::Circle(circle)\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Shape {\n" #~ " pub fn perimeter(&self) -> f64 {\n" #~ " match self {\n" #~ " Shape::Polygon(poly) => poly.length(),\n" #~ " Shape::Circle(circle) => circle.circumference(),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[cfg(test)]\n" #~ "mod tests {\n" #~ " use super::*;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn round_two_digits(x: f64) -> f64 {\n" #~ " (x * 100.0).round() / 100.0\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " #[test]\n" #~ " fn test_punct_magnitude() {\n" #~ " let p1 = Point::new(12, 13);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(round_two_digits(p1.magnitude())), 17.69);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " #[test]\n" #~ " fn test_punct_dist() {\n" #~ " let p1 = Point::new(10, 10);\n" #~ " let p2 = Point::new(14, 13);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(round_two_digits(p1.dist(p2))), 5.00);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " #[test]\n" #~ " fn test_punct_add() {\n" #~ " let p1 = Point::new(16, 16);\n" #~ " let p2 = p1 + Point::new(-4, 3);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(p2, Point::new(12, 19));\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " #[test]\n" #~ " fn test_poligon_poligon_punctul_cel_mai_stânga() {\n" #~ " let p1 = Point::new(12, 13);\n" #~ " let p2 = Point::new(16, 16);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut poly = Polygon::new();\n" #~ " poly.add_point(p1);\n" #~ " poly.add_point(p2);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(poly.left_most_point(), Some(p1));\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " #[test]\n" #~ " fn test_polygon_iter() {\n" #~ " let p1 = Point::new(12, 13);\n" #~ " let p2 = Point::new(16, 16);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut poly = Polygon::new();\n" #~ " poly.add_point(p1);\n" #~ " poly.add_point(p2);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let points = poly.iter().cloned().collect::<Vec<_>>();\n" #~ " assert_eq!(points, vec![Point::new(12, 13), Point::new(16, " #~ "16)]);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " #[test]\n" #~ " fn test_shape_perimeters() {\n" #~ " let mut poly = Polygon::new();\n" #~ " poly.add_point(Point::new(12, 13));\n" #~ " poly.add_point(Point::new(17, 11));\n" #~ " poly.add_point(Point::new(16, 16));\n" #~ " let shapes = vec![\n" #~ " Shape::from(poly),\n" #~ " Shape::from(Circle::new(Point::new(10, 20), 5)),\n" #~ " ];\n" #~ " let perimeters = shapes\n" #~ " .iter()\n" #~ " .map(Shape::perimetru)\n" #~ " .map(round_two_digits)\n" #~ " .collect::<Vec<_>>();\n" #~ " assert_eq!(perimeters, vec![15.48, 31.42]);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Day 3 Afternoon Exercises" #~ msgstr "Ziua 3 Exerciții de după-amiază" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "([back to exercise](safe-ffi-wrapper.md))" #~ msgstr "([back to exercise](safe-ffi-wrapper.md))" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "mod ffi {\n" #~ " use std::os::raw::{c_char, c_int};\n" #~ " #[cfg(not(target_os = \"macos\"))]\n" #~ " use std::os::raw::{c_long, c_ulong, c_ushort, c_uchar};\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Opaque type. See https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/ffi.html.\n" #~ " #[repr(C)]\n" #~ " pub struct DIR {\n" #~ " _data: [u8; 0],\n" #~ " _marker: core::marker::PhantomData<(*mut u8, core::marker::" #~ "PhantomPinned)>,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Layout according to the Linux man page for readdir(3), where ino_t " #~ "and\n" #~ " // off_t are resolved according to the definitions in\n" #~ " // /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/{sys/types.h, bits/typesizes.h}.\n" #~ " #[cfg(not(target_os = \"macos\"))]\n" #~ " #[repr(C)]\n" #~ " pub struct dirent {\n" #~ " pub d_ino: c_ulong,\n" #~ " pub d_off: c_long,\n" #~ " pub d_reclen: c_ushort,\n" #~ " pub d_type: c_uchar,\n" #~ " pub d_name: [c_char; 256],\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Layout according to the macOS man page for dir(5).\n" #~ " #[cfg(all(target_os = \"macos\"))]\n" #~ " #[repr(C)]\n" #~ " pub struct dirent {\n" #~ " pub d_fileno: u64,\n" #~ " pub d_seekoff: u64,\n" #~ " pub d_reclen: u16,\n" #~ " pub d_namlen: u16,\n" #~ " pub d_type: u8,\n" #~ " pub d_name: [c_char; 1024],\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " extern \"C\" {\n" #~ " pub fn opendir(s: *const c_char) -> *mut DIR;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " #[cfg(not(all(target_os = \"macos\", target_arch = " #~ "\"x86_64\")))]\n" #~ " pub fn readdir(s: *mut DIR) -> *const dirent;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // See https://github.com/rust-lang/libc/issues/414 and the " #~ "section on\n" #~ " // _DARWIN_FEATURE_64_BIT_INODE in the macOS man page for " #~ "stat(2).\n" #~ " //\n" #~ " // \"Platforms that existed before these updates were available\" " #~ "refers\n" #~ " // to macOS (as opposed to iOS / wearOS / etc.) on Intel and " #~ "PowerPC.\n" #~ " #[cfg(all(target_os = \"macos\", target_arch = \"x86_64\"))]\n" #~ " #[link_name = \"readdir$INODE64\"]\n" #~ " pub fn readdir(s: *mut DIR) -> *const dirent;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn closedir(s: *mut DIR) -> c_int;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use std::ffi::{CStr, CString, OsStr, OsString};\n" #~ "use std::os::unix::ffi::OsStrExt;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct DirectoryIterator {\n" #~ " path: CString,\n" #~ " dir: *mut ffi::DIR,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl DirectoryIterator {\n" #~ " fn new(path: &str) -> Result {\n" #~ " // Call opendir and return a Ok value if that worked,\n" #~ " // otherwise return Err with a message.\n" #~ " let path = CString::new(path).map_err(|err| format!(\"Invalid " #~ "path: {err}\"))?;\n" #~ " // SAFETY: path.as_ptr() cannot be NULL.\n" #~ " let dir = unsafe { ffi::opendir(path.as_ptr()) };\n" #~ " if dir.is_null() {\n" #~ " Err(format!(\"Could not open {:?}\", path))\n" #~ " } else {\n" #~ " Ok(DirectoryIterator { path, dir })\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Iterator for DirectoryIterator {\n" #~ " type Item = OsString;\n" #~ " fn next(&mut self) -> Option {\n" #~ " // Keep calling readdir until we get a NULL pointer back.\n" #~ " // SAFETY: self.dir is never NULL.\n" #~ " let dirent = unsafe { ffi::readdir(self.dir) };\n" #~ " if dirent.is_null() {\n" #~ " // We have reached the end of the directory.\n" #~ " return None;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " // SAFETY: dirent is not NULL and dirent.d_name is NUL\n" #~ " // terminated.\n" #~ " let d_name = unsafe { CStr::from_ptr((*dirent).d_name." #~ "as_ptr()) };\n" #~ " let os_str = OsStr::from_bytes(d_name.to_bytes());\n" #~ " Some(os_str.to_owned())\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Drop for DirectoryIterator {\n" #~ " fn drop(&mut self) {\n" #~ " // Call closedir as needed.\n" #~ " if !self.dir.is_null() {\n" #~ " // SAFETY: self.dir is not NULL.\n" #~ " if unsafe { ffi::closedir(self.dir) } != 0 {\n" #~ " panic!(\"Could not close {:?}\", self.path);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() -> Result<(), String> {\n" #~ " let iter = DirectoryIterator::new(\".\")?;\n" #~ " println!(\"files: {:#?}\", iter.collect::>());\n" #~ " Ok(())\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[cfg(test)]\n" #~ "mod tests {\n" #~ " use super::*;\n" #~ " use std::error::Error;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " #[test]\n" #~ " fn test_nonexisting_directory() {\n" #~ " let iter = DirectoryIterator::new(\"no-such-directory\");\n" #~ " assert!(iter.is_err());\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " #[test]\n" #~ " fn test_empty_directory() -> Result<(), Box> {\n" #~ " let tmp = tempfile::TempDir::new()?;\n" #~ " let iter = DirectoryIterator::new(\n" #~ " tmp.path().to_str().ok_or(\"Non UTF-8 character in path\")?,\n" #~ " )?;\n" #~ " let mut entries = iter.collect::>();\n" #~ " entries.sort();\n" #~ " assert_eq!(entries, &[\".\", \"..\"]);\n" #~ " Ok(())\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " #[test]\n" #~ " fn test_nonempty_directory() -> Result<(), Box> {\n" #~ " let tmp = tempfile::TempDir::new()?;\n" #~ " std::fs::write(tmp.path().join(\"foo.txt\"), \"The Foo " #~ "Diaries\\n\")?;\n" #~ " std::fs::write(tmp.path().join(\"bar.png\"), \"\\n\")?;\n" #~ " std::fs::write(tmp.path().join(\"crab.rs\"), \"//! Crab\\n\")?;\n" #~ " let iter = DirectoryIterator::new(\n" #~ " tmp.path().to_str().ok_or(\"Non UTF-8 character in path\")?,\n" #~ " )?;\n" #~ " let mut entries = iter.collect::>();\n" #~ " entries.sort();\n" #~ " assert_eq!(entries, &[\".\", \"..\", \"bar.png\", \"crab.rs\", " #~ "\"foo.txt\"]);\n" #~ " Ok(())\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "mod ffi {\n" #~ " use std::os::raw::{c_char, c_int};\n" #~ " #[cfg(not(target_os = \"macos\"))]]\n" #~ " use std::os::raw::{c_long, c_ulong, c_ushort, c_uchar};\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Tip opac. A se vedea https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/ffi.html.\n" #~ " #[repr(C)]\n" #~ " pub struct struct DIR {\n" #~ " _data: [u8; 0],\n" #~ " _marker: core::marker::PhantomData<(*mut u8, core::marker::" #~ "PhantomPinned)>,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Dispunere în conformitate cu pagina de manual Linux pentru " #~ "readdir(3), unde ino_t și\n" #~ " // off_t sunt rezolvate în conformitate cu definițiile din\n" #~ " // /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/{sys/types.h, bits/typesizes.h}.\n" #~ " #[cfg(not(target_os = \"macos\"))]]\n" #~ " #[repr(C)]\n" #~ " pub struct struct dirent {\n" #~ " pub d_ino: c_ulong,\n" #~ " pub d_off: c_long,\n" #~ " pub d_reclen: c_ushort,\n" #~ " pub d_type: c_uchar,\n" #~ " pub d_name: [c_char; 256],\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Dispunere în conformitate cu pagina de manual macOS pentru " #~ "dir(5).\n" #~ " #[cfg(all(target_os = \"macos\"))]]\n" #~ " #[repr(C)]\n" #~ " pub struct struct dirent {\n" #~ " pub d_fileno: u64,\n" #~ " pub d_seekoff: u64,\n" #~ " pub d_reclen: u16,\n" #~ " pub d_namlen: u16,\n" #~ " pub d_type: u8,\n" #~ " pub d_name: [c_char; 1024],\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " extern \"C\" {\n" #~ " pub fn opendir(s: *const c_char) -> *mut DIR;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " #[cfg(not(all(target_os = \"macos\", target_arch = " #~ "\"x86_64\")))])]]\n" #~ " pub fn readdir(s: *mut DIR) -> *const dirent;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // A se vedea https://github.com/rust-lang/libc/issues/414 și " #~ "secțiunea privind\n" #~ " // _DARWIN_FEATURE_64_BIT_INODE în pagina de manual macOS pentru " #~ "stat(2).\n" #~ " //\n" #~ " // \"Platformele care existau înainte ca aceste actualizări să " #~ "fie disponibile\" se referă la\n" #~ " // la macOS (spre deosebire de iOS / wearOS / etc.) pe Intel și " #~ "PowerPC.\n" #~ " #[cfg(all(target_os = \"macos\", target_arch = \"x86_64\"))]]\n" #~ " #[link_name = \"readdir$INODE64\"]\n" #~ " pub fn readdir(s: *mut DIR) -> *const dirent;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn closedir(s: *mut DIR) -> c_int;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use std::ffi::{CStr, CString, OsStr, OsString};\n" #~ "use std::os::unix::ffi::OsStrExt;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct DirectoryIterator {\n" #~ " path: CString,\n" #~ " dir: *mut ffi::DIR,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl DirectoryIterator {\n" #~ " fn new(path: &str) -> Result {\n" #~ " // Apelați opendir și returnați o valoare Ok dacă a funcționat,\n" #~ " // în caz contrar, returnează Err cu un mesaj.\n" #~ " let path = CString::new(path).map_err(|err| format!(\"Invalid " #~ "path: {err}\")))?;\n" #~ " // SAFETY: path.as_ptr() nu poate fi NULL.\n" #~ " let dir = unsafe { ffi::opendir(path.as_ptr())) };\n" #~ " if dir.is_null() {\n" #~ " Err(format!(\"Could not open {:?}\", path))\n" #~ " } else {\n" #~ " Ok(DirectoryIterator { path, dir })\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Iterator pentru DirectoryIterator {\n" #~ " type Item = OsString;\n" #~ " fn next(&mut self) -> Option {\n" #~ " // Continuați să apelați readdir până când primim înapoi un " #~ "pointer NULL.\n" #~ " // SAFETY: self.dir nu este niciodată NULL.\n" #~ " let dirent = unsafe { ffi::readdir(self.dir) };\n" #~ " if dirent.is_null() {\n" #~ " // Am ajuns la sfârșitul directorului.\n" #~ " return None;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " // SAFETY: dirent nu este NULL și dirent.d_name este NUL\n" #~ " // terminat.\n" #~ " let d_name = unsafe { CStr::from_ptr((*dirent).d_name." #~ "as_ptr())) };\n" #~ " let os_str = OsStr::from_bytes(d_name.to_bytes());\n" #~ " Some(os_str.to_owned())\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Drop for DirectoryIterator {\n" #~ " fn drop(&mut self) {\n" #~ " // Cheamă closedir după cum este necesar.\n" #~ " if !self.dir.is_null() {\n" #~ " // SAFETY: self.dir nu este NULL.\n" #~ " if unsafe { ffi::closedir(self.dir) } != 0 {\n" #~ " panic!(\"Could not close {:?}\", self.path);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() -> Rezultat<(), String> {\n" #~ " let iter = DirectoryIterator::new(\".\")?;\n" #~ " println!(\"files: {:#?}\", iter.collect::<Vec<_>>());\n" #~ " Ok((())\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[cfg(test)]\n" #~ "mod tests {\n" #~ " use super::*;\n" #~ " use std::error::Error;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " #[test]\n" #~ " fn test_nonexisting_directory() {\n" #~ " let iter = DirectoryIterator::new(\"nu-nu-este-un-directoriu\");\n" #~ " assert!(iter.is_err());\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " #[test]\n" #~ " fn test_teste_directoriu_vid() -> Result<(), Box> " #~ "{\n" #~ " let tmp = tempfile::TempDir::new()?;\n" #~ " let iter = DirectoryIterator::new(\n" #~ " tmp.path().to_str().ok_or(\"Non UTF-8 character in path\")?,\n" #~ " )?;\n" #~ " let mut entries = iter.collect::<Vec<_>>();\n" #~ " entries.sort();\n" #~ " assert_eq!(entries, &[\".\", \"...\"]);\n" #~ " Ok((())\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " #[test]\n" #~ " fn test_test_nonempty_directory() -> Result<(), Box> {\n" #~ " let tmp = tempfile::TempDir::new()?;\n" #~ " std::fs::write(tmp.path().join(\"foo.txt\"), \"The Foo " #~ "Diaries\\n\")?\n" #~ " std::fs::write(tmp.path().join(\"bar.png\"), \"\\n\")?;\n" #~ " std::fs::write(tmp.path().join(\"crab.rs\"), \"//! Crab\\n\")?;\n" #~ " let iter = DirectoryIterator::new(\n" #~ " tmp.path().to_str().ok_or(\"Non UTF-8 character in path\")?,\n" #~ " )?;\n" #~ " let mut entries = iter.collect::<Vec<_>>();\n" #~ " entries.sort();\n" #~ " assert_eq!(entries, &[\".\", \"...\", \"bar.png\", \"crab." #~ "rs\", \"foo.txt\"]);\n" #~ " Ok((())\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "#![no_main]\n" #~ "#![no_std]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "extern crate panic_halt as _;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use core::fmt::Write;\n" #~ "use cortex_m_rt::entry;\n" #~ "use core::cmp::{max, min};\n" #~ "use lsm303agr::{AccelOutputDataRate, Lsm303agr, MagOutputDataRate};\n" #~ "use microbit::display::blocking::Display;\n" #~ "use microbit::hal::prelude::*;\n" #~ "use microbit::hal::twim::Twim;\n" #~ "use microbit::hal::uarte::{Baudrate, Parity, Uarte};\n" #~ "use microbit::hal::Timer;\n" #~ "use microbit::pac::twim0::frequency::FREQUENCY_A;\n" #~ "use microbit::Board;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "const COMPASS_SCALE: i32 = 30000;\n" #~ "const ACCELEROMETER_SCALE: i32 = 700;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[entry]\n" #~ "fn main() -> ! {\n" #~ " let board = Board::take().unwrap();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Configure serial port.\n" #~ " let mut serial = Uarte::new(\n" #~ " board.UARTE0,\n" #~ " board.uart.into(),\n" #~ " Parity::EXCLUDED,\n" #~ " Baudrate::BAUD115200,\n" #~ " );\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Set up the I2C controller and Inertial Measurement Unit.\n" #~ " writeln!(serial, \"Setting up IMU...\").unwrap();\n" #~ " let i2c = Twim::new(board.TWIM0, board.i2c_internal.into(), " #~ "FREQUENCY_A::K100);\n" #~ " let mut imu = Lsm303agr::new_with_i2c(i2c);\n" #~ " imu.init().unwrap();\n" #~ " imu.set_mag_odr(MagOutputDataRate::Hz50).unwrap();\n" #~ " imu.set_accel_odr(AccelOutputDataRate::Hz50).unwrap();\n" #~ " let mut imu = imu.into_mag_continuous().ok().unwrap();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Set up display and timer.\n" #~ " let mut timer = Timer::new(board.TIMER0);\n" #~ " let mut display = Display::new(board.display_pins);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut mode = Mode::Compass;\n" #~ " let mut button_pressed = false;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " writeln!(serial, \"Ready.\").unwrap();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " loop {\n" #~ " // Read compass data and log it to the serial port.\n" #~ " while !(imu.mag_status().unwrap().xyz_new_data\n" #~ " && imu.accel_status().unwrap().xyz_new_data)\n" #~ " {}\n" #~ " let compass_reading = imu.mag_data().unwrap();\n" #~ " let accelerometer_reading = imu.accel_data().unwrap();\n" #~ " writeln!(\n" #~ " serial,\n" #~ " \"{},{},{}\\t{},{},{}\",\n" #~ " compass_reading.x,\n" #~ " compass_reading.y,\n" #~ " compass_reading.z,\n" #~ " accelerometer_reading.x,\n" #~ " accelerometer_reading.y,\n" #~ " accelerometer_reading.z,\n" #~ " )\n" #~ " .unwrap();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut image = [[0; 5]; 5];\n" #~ " let (x, y) = match mode {\n" #~ " Mode::Compass => (\n" #~ " scale(-compass_reading.x, -COMPASS_SCALE, COMPASS_SCALE, " #~ "0, 4) as usize,\n" #~ " scale(compass_reading.y, -COMPASS_SCALE, COMPASS_SCALE, " #~ "0, 4) as usize,\n" #~ " ),\n" #~ " Mode::Accelerometer => (\n" #~ " scale(\n" #~ " accelerometer_reading.x,\n" #~ " -ACCELEROMETER_SCALE,\n" #~ " ACCELEROMETER_SCALE,\n" #~ " 0,\n" #~ " 4,\n" #~ " ) as usize,\n" #~ " scale(\n" #~ " -accelerometer_reading.y,\n" #~ " -ACCELEROMETER_SCALE,\n" #~ " ACCELEROMETER_SCALE,\n" #~ " 0,\n" #~ " 4,\n" #~ " ) as usize,\n" #~ " ),\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " image[y][x] = 255;\n" #~ " display.show(&mut timer, image, 100);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // If button A is pressed, switch to the next mode and briefly " #~ "blink all LEDs on.\n" #~ " if board.buttons.button_a.is_low().unwrap() {\n" #~ " if !button_pressed {\n" #~ " mode = mode.next();\n" #~ " display.show(&mut timer, [[255; 5]; 5], 200);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " button_pressed = true;\n" #~ " } else {\n" #~ " button_pressed = false;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]\n" #~ "enum Mode {\n" #~ " Compass,\n" #~ " Accelerometer,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Mode {\n" #~ " fn next(self) -> Self {\n" #~ " match self {\n" #~ " Self::Compass => Self::Accelerometer,\n" #~ " Self::Accelerometer => Self::Compass,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn scale(value: i32, min_in: i32, max_in: i32, min_out: i32, max_out: " #~ "i32) -> i32 {\n" #~ " let range_in = max_in - min_in;\n" #~ " let range_out = max_out - min_out;\n" #~ " cap(\n" #~ " min_out + range_out * (value - min_in) / range_in,\n" #~ " min_out,\n" #~ " max_out,\n" #~ " )\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn cap(value: i32, min_value: i32, max_value: i32) -> i32 {\n" #~ " max(min_value, min(value, max_value))\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "#![no_main]\n" #~ "#![no_std]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "extern crate panic_halt as _;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use core::fmt::Write;\n" #~ "use cortex_m_rt::entry;\n" #~ "use core::cmp::{max, min};\n" #~ "use lsm303agr::{AccelOutputDataRate, Lsm303agr, MagOutputDataRate};\n" #~ "use microbit::display::blocking::Display;\n" #~ "use microbit::hal::prelude::*;\n" #~ "use microbit::hal::twim::Twim;\n" #~ "use microbit::hal::uarte::{Baudrate, Parity, Uarte};\n" #~ "use microbit::hal::Timer;\n" #~ "use microbit::pac::twim0::frequency::FREQUENCY_A;\n" #~ "use microbit::Board;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "const COMPASS_SCALE: i32 = 30000;\n" #~ "const ACCELEROMETER_SCALE: i32 = 700;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[intrare]\n" #~ "fn main() -> ! {\n" #~ " let board = Board::take().unwrap();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Configurați portul serial.\n" #~ " let mut serial = Uarte::new(\n" #~ " board.UARTE0,\n" #~ " board.uart.into(),\n" #~ " Parity::EXCLUDED,\n" #~ " Baudrate::BAUD115200,\n" #~ " );\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Configurați controlerul I2C și unitatea de măsurare inerțială.\n" #~ " writeln!(serial, \"Setting up IMU...\").unwrap();\n" #~ " let i2c = Twim::new(board.TWIM0, board.i2c_internal.into(), " #~ "FREQUENCY_A::K100);\n" #~ " let mut imu = Lsm303agr::new_with_i2c(i2c);\n" #~ " imu.init().unwrap();\n" #~ " imu.set_mag_odr(MagOutputDataRate::Hz50).unwrap();\n" #~ " imu.set_accel_odr(AccelOutputDataRate::Hz50).unwrap();\n" #~ " let mut imu = imu.into_mag_continuous().ok().unwrap();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Configurați afișajul și cronometrul.\n" #~ " let mut timer = Timer::new(board.TIMER0);\n" #~ " let mut display = Display::new(board.display_pins);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut mode = Mode::Compass;\n" #~ " let mut button_pressed = false;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " writeln!(serial, \"Ready.\").unwrap();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " loop {\n" #~ " // Citiți datele busolei și înregistrați-le pe portul serial.\n" #~ " while !(imu.mag_status().unwrap().xyz_new_data\n" #~ " && imu.accel_status().unwrap().xyz_new_data)\n" #~ " {}\n" #~ " let compass_reading = imu.mag_data().unwrap();\n" #~ " let accelerometer_reading = imu.accel_data().unwrap();\n" #~ " writeln!(\n" #~ " serial,\n" #~ " \"{},{},{}\\t{},{},{}\",\n" #~ " compass_reading.x,\n" #~ " compass_reading.y,\n" #~ " compass_reading.z,\n" #~ " accelerometer_reading.x,\n" #~ " accelerometer_reading.y,\n" #~ " accelerometer_reading.z,\n" #~ " )\n" #~ " .unwrap();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut image = [[0; 5]; 5];\n" #~ " let (x, y) = match mode {\n" #~ " Mode::Compass => (\n" #~ " scale(-compass_reading.x, -COMPASS_SCALE, COMPASS_SCALE, " #~ "0, 4) as usize,\n" #~ " scale(compass_reading.y, -COMPASS_SCALE, COMPASS_SCALE, " #~ "0, 4) as usize,\n" #~ " ),\n" #~ " Mode::Accelerometer => (\n" #~ " scale(\n" #~ " accelerometer_reading.x,\n" #~ " -ACCELEROMETER_SCALE,\n" #~ " ACCELEROMETER_SCALE,\n" #~ " 0,\n" #~ " 4,\n" #~ " ) ca usize,\n" #~ " scale(\n" #~ " -accelerometer_reading.y,\n" #~ " -ACCELEROMETER_SCALE,\n" #~ " ACCELEROMETER_SCALE,\n" #~ " 0,\n" #~ " 4,\n" #~ " ) ca usize,\n" #~ " ),\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " image[y][x] = 255;\n" #~ " display.show(&mut timer, imagine, 100);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Dacă este apăsat butonul A, se trece la modul următor și se " #~ "aprind pentru scurt timp toate LED-urile.\n" #~ " if board.buttons.button_a.is_low().unwrap() {\n" #~ " if !button_pressed {\n" #~ " mode = mode.next();\n" #~ " display.show(&mut timer, [[255; 5]; 5]; 5], 200);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " button_pressed = true;\n" #~ " } else {\n" #~ " button_pressed = false;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]]\n" #~ "enum Mode {\n" #~ " Compass,\n" #~ " Accelerometru,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Mode {\n" #~ " fn next(self) -> Self {\n" #~ " se potrivește cu self {\n" #~ " Self::Compass => Self::Accelerometer,\n" #~ " Self::Accelerometer => Self::Compass,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn scale(value: i32, min_in: i32, max_in: i32, min_out: i32, max_out: " #~ "i32) -> i32 {\n" #~ " let range_in = max_in - min_in;\n" #~ " let range_out = max_out - min_out;\n" #~ " cap(\n" #~ " min_out + range_out * (valoare - min_in) / range_in,\n" #~ " min_out,\n" #~ " max_out,\n" #~ " )\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn cap(value: i32, min_value: i32, max_value: i32) -> i32 {\n" #~ " max(min_valoare, min(valoare, max_valoare))\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "#![no_main]\n" #~ "#![no_std]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "mod exceptions;\n" #~ "mod logger;\n" #~ "mod pl011;\n" #~ "mod pl031;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use crate::pl031::Rtc;\n" #~ "use arm_gic::gicv3::{IntId, Trigger};\n" #~ "use arm_gic::{irq_enable, wfi};\n" #~ "use chrono::{TimeZone, Utc};\n" #~ "use core::hint::spin_loop;\n" #~ "use crate::pl011::Uart;\n" #~ "use arm_gic::gicv3::GicV3;\n" #~ "use core::panic::PanicInfo;\n" #~ "use log::{error, info, trace, LevelFilter};\n" #~ "use smccc::psci::system_off;\n" #~ "use smccc::Hvc;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Base addresses of the GICv3.\n" #~ "const GICD_BASE_ADDRESS: *mut u64 = 0x800_0000 as _;\n" #~ "const GICR_BASE_ADDRESS: *mut u64 = 0x80A_0000 as _;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Base address of the primary PL011 UART.\n" #~ "const PL011_BASE_ADDRESS: *mut u32 = 0x900_0000 as _;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Base address of the PL031 RTC.\n" #~ "const PL031_BASE_ADDRESS: *mut u32 = 0x901_0000 as _;\n" #~ "/// The IRQ used by the PL031 RTC.\n" #~ "const PL031_IRQ: IntId = IntId::spi(2);\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[no_mangle]\n" #~ "extern \"C\" fn main(x0: u64, x1: u64, x2: u64, x3: u64) {\n" #~ " // Safe because `PL011_BASE_ADDRESS` is the base address of a PL011 " #~ "device,\n" #~ " // and nothing else accesses that address range.\n" #~ " let uart = unsafe { Uart::new(PL011_BASE_ADDRESS) };\n" #~ " logger::init(uart, LevelFilter::Trace).unwrap();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " info!(\"main({:#x}, {:#x}, {:#x}, {:#x})\", x0, x1, x2, x3);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Safe because `GICD_BASE_ADDRESS` and `GICR_BASE_ADDRESS` are the " #~ "base\n" #~ " // addresses of a GICv3 distributor and redistributor respectively, " #~ "and\n" #~ " // nothing else accesses those address ranges.\n" #~ " let mut gic = unsafe { GicV3::new(GICD_BASE_ADDRESS, " #~ "GICR_BASE_ADDRESS) };\n" #~ " gic.setup();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Safe because `PL031_BASE_ADDRESS` is the base address of a PL031 " #~ "device,\n" #~ " // and nothing else accesses that address range.\n" #~ " let mut rtc = unsafe { Rtc::new(PL031_BASE_ADDRESS) };\n" #~ " let timestamp = rtc.read();\n" #~ " let time = Utc.timestamp_opt(timestamp.into(), 0).unwrap();\n" #~ " info!(\"RTC: {time}\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " GicV3::set_priority_mask(0xff);\n" #~ " gic.set_interrupt_priority(PL031_IRQ, 0x80);\n" #~ " gic.set_trigger(PL031_IRQ, Trigger::Level);\n" #~ " irq_enable();\n" #~ " gic.enable_interrupt(PL031_IRQ, true);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Wait for 3 seconds, without interrupts.\n" #~ " let target = timestamp + 3;\n" #~ " rtc.set_match(target);\n" #~ " info!(\n" #~ " \"Waiting for {}\",\n" #~ " Utc.timestamp_opt(target.into(), 0).unwrap()\n" #~ " );\n" #~ " trace!(\n" #~ " \"matched={}, interrupt_pending={}\",\n" #~ " rtc.matched(),\n" #~ " rtc.interrupt_pending()\n" #~ " );\n" #~ " while !rtc.matched() {\n" #~ " spin_loop();\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " trace!(\n" #~ " \"matched={}, interrupt_pending={}\",\n" #~ " rtc.matched(),\n" #~ " rtc.interrupt_pending()\n" #~ " );\n" #~ " info!(\"Finished waiting\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Wait another 3 seconds for an interrupt.\n" #~ " let target = timestamp + 6;\n" #~ " info!(\n" #~ " \"Waiting for {}\",\n" #~ " Utc.timestamp_opt(target.into(), 0).unwrap()\n" #~ " );\n" #~ " rtc.set_match(target);\n" #~ " rtc.clear_interrupt();\n" #~ " rtc.enable_interrupt(true);\n" #~ " trace!(\n" #~ " \"matched={}, interrupt_pending={}\",\n" #~ " rtc.matched(),\n" #~ " rtc.interrupt_pending()\n" #~ " );\n" #~ " while !rtc.interrupt_pending() {\n" #~ " wfi();\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " trace!(\n" #~ " \"matched={}, interrupt_pending={}\",\n" #~ " rtc.matched(),\n" #~ " rtc.interrupt_pending()\n" #~ " );\n" #~ " info!(\"Finished waiting\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " system_off::().unwrap();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[panic_handler]\n" #~ "fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {\n" #~ " error!(\"{info}\");\n" #~ " system_off::().unwrap();\n" #~ " loop {}\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "#![no_main]\n" #~ "#![no_std]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "excepții mod;\n" #~ "mod logger;\n" #~ "mod pl011;\n" #~ "mod pl031;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use crate::pl031::Rtc;\n" #~ "use arm_gic::gicv3::{IntId, Trigger};\n" #~ "use arm_gic::{irq_enable, wfi};\n" #~ "use chrono::{TimeZone, Utc};\n" #~ "use core::hint::spin_loop;\n" #~ "use crate::pl011::Uart;\n" #~ "use arm_gic::gicv3::GicV3;\n" #~ "use core::panic::PanicInfo;\n" #~ "use log::{error, info, trace, LevelFilter};\n" #~ "use smccc::psci::system_off;\n" #~ "use smccc::Hvc;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Adresele de bază ale GICv3.\n" #~ "const GICD_BASE_ADDRESS: *mut u64 = 0x800_0000 as _;\n" #~ "const GICR_BASE_ADDRESS: *mut u64 = 0x80A_0000 ca _;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Adresa de bază a UART primară PL011.\n" #~ "const PL011_BASE_ADDRESS: *mut u32 = 0x900_0000 as _;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Adresa de bază a RTC PL031.\n" #~ "const PL031_BASE_ADDRESS: *mut u32 = 0x901_0000 as _;\n" #~ "/// IRQ-ul utilizat de PL031 RTC.\n" #~ "const PL031_IRQ: IntId = IntId::spi(2);\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[no_mangle]\n" #~ "extern \"C\" fn main(x0: u64, x1: u64, x2: u64, x3: u64) {\n" #~ " // Sigur, deoarece `PL011_BASE_ADDRESS` este adresa de bază a unui " #~ "dispozitiv PL011,\n" #~ " // și nimic altceva nu accesează acest interval de adrese.\n" #~ " let uart = unsafe { Uart::new(PL011_BASE_ADDRESS) };\n" #~ " logger::init(uart, LevelFilter::Trace).unwrap();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " info!(\"main({:#x}, {:#x}, {:#x}, {:#x})\", x0, x1, x2, x3);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Sigur, deoarece `GICD_BASE_ADDRESS` și `GICR_BASE_ADDRESS` " #~ "reprezintă baza\n" #~ " // adrese ale unui distribuitor și, respectiv, redistribuitor GICv3, " #~ "iar\n" #~ " // nimic altceva nu accesează aceste intervale de adrese.\n" #~ " let mut gic = unsafe { GicV3::new(GICD_BASE_ADDRESS, " #~ "GICR_BASE_ADDRESS) };\n" #~ " gic.setup();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Sigur, deoarece `PL031_BASE_ADDRESS` este adresa de bază a unui " #~ "dispozitiv PL031,\n" #~ " // și nimic altceva nu accesează acest interval de adrese.\n" #~ " let mut rtc = unsafe { Rtc::new(PL031_BASE_ADDRESS) };\n" #~ " let timestamp = rtc.read();\n" #~ " let time = Utc.timestamp_opt(timestamp.into(), 0).unwrap();\n" #~ " info!(\"RTC: {time}\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " GicV3::set_priority_mask(0xff);\n" #~ " gic.set_interrupt_priority(PL031_IRQ, 0x80);\n" #~ " gic.set_trigger(PL031_IRQ, Trigger::Level);\n" #~ " irq_enable();\n" #~ " gic.enable_interrupt(PL031_IRQ, true);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Așteptați timp de 3 secunde, fără întreruperi.\n" #~ " let target = timestamp + 3;\n" #~ " rtc.set_match(target);\n" #~ " info!(\n" #~ " \"Waiting for {}\",\n" #~ " Utc.timestamp_opt(target.into(), 0).unwrap()\n" #~ " );\n" #~ " trace!(\n" #~ " \"matched={}, interrupt_pending={}\",\n" #~ " rtc.matched(),\n" #~ " rtc.interrupt_pending()\n" #~ " );\n" #~ " while !rtc.matched() {\n" #~ " spin_loop();\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " trace!(\n" #~ " \"matched={}, interrupt_pending={}\",\n" #~ " rtc.matched(),\n" #~ " rtc.interrupt_pending()\n" #~ " );\n" #~ " info!(\"Finished waiting\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Așteptați încă 3 secunde pentru o întrerupere.\n" #~ " let target = timestamp + 6;\n" #~ " info!(\n" #~ " \"Waiting for {}\",\n" #~ " Utc.timestamp_opt(target.into(), 0).unwrap()\n" #~ " );\n" #~ " rtc.set_match(target);\n" #~ " rtc.clear_interrupt();\n" #~ " rtc.enable_interrupt(true);\n" #~ " trace!(\n" #~ " \"matched={}, interrupt_pending={}\",\n" #~ " rtc.matched(),\n" #~ " rtc.interrupt_pending()\n" #~ " );\n" #~ " while !rtc.interrupt_pending() {\n" #~ " wfi();\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " trace!(\n" #~ " \"matched={}, interrupt_pending={}\",\n" #~ " rtc.matched(),\n" #~ " rtc.interrupt_pending()\n" #~ " );\n" #~ " info!(\"Finished waiting\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " system_off:::().unwrap();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[panic_handler]\n" #~ "fn panic(info: &PanicInfo) -> ! {\n" #~ " error!(\"{info}\");\n" #~ " system_off:::().unwrap();\n" #~ " bucla {}\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "use core::ptr::{addr_of, addr_of_mut};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[repr(C, align(4))]\n" #~ "struct Registers {\n" #~ " /// Data register\n" #~ " dr: u32,\n" #~ " /// Match register\n" #~ " mr: u32,\n" #~ " /// Load register\n" #~ " lr: u32,\n" #~ " /// Control register\n" #~ " cr: u8,\n" #~ " _reserved0: [u8; 3],\n" #~ " /// Interrupt Mask Set or Clear register\n" #~ " imsc: u8,\n" #~ " _reserved1: [u8; 3],\n" #~ " /// Raw Interrupt Status\n" #~ " ris: u8,\n" #~ " _reserved2: [u8; 3],\n" #~ " /// Masked Interrupt Status\n" #~ " mis: u8,\n" #~ " _reserved3: [u8; 3],\n" #~ " /// Interrupt Clear Register\n" #~ " icr: u8,\n" #~ " _reserved4: [u8; 3],\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Driver for a PL031 real-time clock.\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "pub struct Rtc {\n" #~ " registers: *mut Registers,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Rtc {\n" #~ " /// Constructs a new instance of the RTC driver for a PL031 device at " #~ "the\n" #~ " /// given base address.\n" #~ " ///\n" #~ " /// # Safety\n" #~ " ///\n" #~ " /// The given base address must point to the MMIO control registers " #~ "of a\n" #~ " /// PL031 device, which must be mapped into the address space of the " #~ "process\n" #~ " /// as device memory and not have any other aliases.\n" #~ " pub unsafe fn new(base_address: *mut u32) -> Self {\n" #~ " Self {\n" #~ " registers: base_address as *mut Registers,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// Reads the current RTC value.\n" #~ " pub fn read(&self) -> u32 {\n" #~ " // Safe because we know that self.registers points to the " #~ "control\n" #~ " // registers of a PL031 device which is appropriately mapped.\n" #~ " unsafe { addr_of!((*self.registers).dr).read_volatile() }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// Writes a match value. When the RTC value matches this then an " #~ "interrupt\n" #~ " /// will be generated (if it is enabled).\n" #~ " pub fn set_match(&mut self, value: u32) {\n" #~ " // Safe because we know that self.registers points to the " #~ "control\n" #~ " // registers of a PL031 device which is appropriately mapped.\n" #~ " unsafe { addr_of_mut!((*self.registers).mr)." #~ "write_volatile(value) }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// Returns whether the match register matches the RTC value, whether " #~ "or not\n" #~ " /// the interrupt is enabled.\n" #~ " pub fn matched(&self) -> bool {\n" #~ " // Safe because we know that self.registers points to the " #~ "control\n" #~ " // registers of a PL031 device which is appropriately mapped.\n" #~ " let ris = unsafe { addr_of!((*self.registers).ris)." #~ "read_volatile() };\n" #~ " (ris & 0x01) != 0\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// Returns whether there is currently an interrupt pending.\n" #~ " ///\n" #~ " /// This should be true if and only if `matched` returns true and " #~ "the\n" #~ " /// interrupt is masked.\n" #~ " pub fn interrupt_pending(&self) -> bool {\n" #~ " // Safe because we know that self.registers points to the " #~ "control\n" #~ " // registers of a PL031 device which is appropriately mapped.\n" #~ " let ris = unsafe { addr_of!((*self.registers).mis)." #~ "read_volatile() };\n" #~ " (ris & 0x01) != 0\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// Sets or clears the interrupt mask.\n" #~ " ///\n" #~ " /// When the mask is true the interrupt is enabled; when it is false " #~ "the\n" #~ " /// interrupt is disabled.\n" #~ " pub fn enable_interrupt(&mut self, mask: bool) {\n" #~ " let imsc = if mask { 0x01 } else { 0x00 };\n" #~ " // Safe because we know that self.registers points to the " #~ "control\n" #~ " // registers of a PL031 device which is appropriately mapped.\n" #~ " unsafe { addr_of_mut!((*self.registers).imsc)." #~ "write_volatile(imsc) }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// Clears a pending interrupt, if any.\n" #~ " pub fn clear_interrupt(&mut self) {\n" #~ " // Safe because we know that self.registers points to the " #~ "control\n" #~ " // registers of a PL031 device which is appropriately mapped.\n" #~ " unsafe { addr_of_mut!((*self.registers).icr)." #~ "write_volatile(0x01) }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// Safe because it just contains a pointer to device memory, which can " #~ "be\n" #~ "// accessed from any context.\n" #~ "unsafe impl Send for Rtc {}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "use core::ptr::{addr_of, addr_of_mut};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[repr(C, align(4))]\n" #~ "struct Registers {\n" #~ " /// Registru de date\n" #~ " dr: u32,\n" #~ " /// Registru de corespondență\n" #~ " mr: u32,\n" #~ " /// Registru de încărcare\n" #~ " lr: u32,\n" #~ " /// Registrul de control\n" #~ " cr: u8,\n" #~ " _reserved0: [u8; 3],\n" #~ " /// Registru de setare sau ștergere a măștii de întrerupere\n" #~ " imsc: u8,\n" #~ " _reserved1: [u8; 3],\n" #~ " /// Starea brută a întreruperii\n" #~ " ris: u8,\n" #~ " _reserved2: [u8; 3],\n" #~ " /// Starea de întrerupere mascată\n" #~ " mis: u8,\n" #~ " _reserved3: [u8; 3],\n" #~ " /// Registrul de ștergere a întreruperii\n" #~ " icr: u8,\n" #~ " _reserved4: [u8; 3],\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// Driver pentru un ceas de timp real PL031.\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "pub struct Rtc {\n" #~ " registers: *mut Registers,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Rtc {\n" #~ " /// Construiește o nouă instanță a driverului RTC pentru un " #~ "dispozitiv PL031 la nivelul\n" #~ " /// adresa de bază dată.\n" #~ " ///\n" #~ " /// # Siguranță\n" #~ " ///\n" #~ " /// Adresa de bază dată trebuie să indice registrele de control MMIO " #~ "ale unui dispozitiv de tip\n" #~ " /// dispozitiv PL031, care trebuie să fie mapate în spațiul de adrese " #~ "al procesului\n" #~ " /// ca memorie a dispozitivului și să nu aibă alte alias-uri.\n" #~ " pub unsafe fn new(base_address: *mut u32) -> Self {\n" #~ " Self {\n" #~ " registers: base_address as *mut Registers,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// Citește valoarea RTC curentă.\n" #~ " pub fn read(&self) -> u32 {\n" #~ " // Sigur, deoarece știm că self.registers indică controlul\n" #~ " // registre ale unui dispozitiv PL031 care este mapat " #~ "corespunzător.\n" #~ " unsafe { addr_of!((*self.registers).dr).read_volatile() } }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// Scrie o valoare de potrivire. Atunci când valoarea RTC se " #~ "potrivește cu aceasta, atunci o întrerupere\n" #~ " /// va fi generată (dacă este activată).\n" #~ " pub fn set_match(&mut self, value: u32) {\n" #~ " // Sigur, deoarece știm că self.registers indică controlul\n" #~ " // registre ale unui dispozitiv PL031 care este mapat " #~ "corespunzător.\n" #~ " unsafe { addr_of_mut!((*self.registers).mr)." #~ "write_volatile(value) } }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// Returnează dacă registrul de potrivire se potrivește cu valoarea " #~ "RTC, indiferent dacă este sau nu\n" #~ " /// întreruperea este activată.\n" #~ " pub fn matched(&self) -> bool {\n" #~ " // Sigur, deoarece știm că self.registers indică controlul\n" #~ " // registre ale unui dispozitiv PL031 care este mapat " #~ "corespunzător.\n" #~ " let ris = unsafe { addr_of!((*self.registers).ris)." #~ "read_volatile() };\n" #~ " (ris & 0x01) != 0\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// Returnează dacă există în prezent o întrerupere în așteptare.\n" #~ " ///\n" #~ " /// Acest lucru ar trebui să fie adevărat dacă și numai dacă " #~ "`matched` returnează true și dacă\n" #~ " /// întreruperea este mascată.\n" #~ " pub fn interrupt_pending(&self) -> bool {\n" #~ " // Sigur, deoarece știm că self.registers indică controlul\n" #~ " // registre ale unui dispozitiv PL031 care este mapat " #~ "corespunzător.\n" #~ " let ris = unsafe { addr_of!((*self.registers).mis)." #~ "read_volatile() };\n" #~ " (ris & 0x01) != 0\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// Setează sau șterge masca de întrerupere.\n" #~ " ///\n" #~ " /// Când masca este adevărată, întreruperea este activată; când este " #~ "falsă, întreruperea este activată\n" #~ " /// întreruperea este dezactivată.\n" #~ " pub fn enable_interrupt(&mut self, mask: bool) {\n" #~ " let imsc = if mask { 0x01 } else { 0x00 };\n" #~ " // Sigur, deoarece știm că self.registers indică controlul\n" #~ " // registre ale unui dispozitiv PL031 care este mapat " #~ "corespunzător.\n" #~ " unsafe { addr_of_mut!((*self.registers).imsc)." #~ "write_volatile(imsc) } }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// Șterge o întrerupere în așteptare, dacă există.\n" #~ " pub fn clear_interrupt(&mut self) {\n" #~ " // Sigur, deoarece știm că self.registers indică controlul\n" #~ " // registre ale unui dispozitiv PL031 care este mapat " #~ "corespunzător.\n" #~ " unsafe { addr_of_mut!((*self.registers).icr)." #~ "write_volatile(0x01) } }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// Sigur, deoarece conține doar un pointer către memoria dispozitivului, " #~ "care poate fi\n" #~ "// accesată din orice context.\n" #~ "unsafe impl Send pentru Rtc {}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "use std::sync::{mpsc, Arc, Mutex};\n" #~ "use std::thread;\n" #~ "use std::time::Duration;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "struct Fork;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "struct Philosopher {\n" #~ " name: String,\n" #~ " left_fork: Arc>,\n" #~ " right_fork: Arc>,\n" #~ " thoughts: mpsc::SyncSender,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Philosopher {\n" #~ " fn think(&self) {\n" #~ " self.thoughts\n" #~ " .send(format!(\"Eureka! {} has a new idea!\", &self.name))\n" #~ " .unwrap();\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn eat(&self) {\n" #~ " println!(\"{} is trying to eat\", &self.name);\n" #~ " let left = self.left_fork.lock().unwrap();\n" #~ " let right = self.right_fork.lock().unwrap();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"{} is eating...\", &self.name);\n" #~ " thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(10));\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "static PHILOSOPHERS: &[&str] =\n" #~ " &[\"Socrates\", \"Hypatia\", \"Plato\", \"Aristotle\", " #~ "\"Pythagoras\"];\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let (tx, rx) = mpsc::sync_channel(10);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let forks = (0..PHILOSOPHERS.len())\n" #~ " .map(|_| Arc::new(Mutex::new(Fork)))\n" #~ " .collect::>();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " for i in 0..forks.len() {\n" #~ " let tx = tx.clone();\n" #~ " let mut left_fork = Arc::clone(&forks[i]);\n" #~ " let mut right_fork = Arc::clone(&forks[(i + 1) % forks.len()]);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // To avoid a deadlock, we have to break the symmetry\n" #~ " // somewhere. This will swap the forks without deinitializing\n" #~ " // either of them.\n" #~ " if i == forks.len() - 1 {\n" #~ " std::mem::swap(&mut left_fork, &mut right_fork);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let philosopher = Philosopher {\n" #~ " name: PHILOSOPHERS[i].to_string(),\n" #~ " thoughts: tx,\n" #~ " left_fork,\n" #~ " right_fork,\n" #~ " };\n" #~ "\n" #~ " thread::spawn(move || {\n" #~ " for _ in 0..100 {\n" #~ " philosopher.eat();\n" #~ " philosopher.think();\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " });\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " drop(tx);\n" #~ " for thought in rx {\n" #~ " println!(\"{thought}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "use std::sync::{mpsc, Arc, Mutex};\n" #~ "use std::thread;\n" #~ "use std::time::Duration;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "struct Fork;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "struct Philosopher {\n" #~ " name: String,\n" #~ " left_fork: Arc<Mutex>,\n" #~ " right_fork: Arc<Mutex>,\n" #~ " thoughts: mpsc::SyncSender,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Philosopher {\n" #~ " fn think(&self) {\n" #~ " self.thoughts\n" #~ " .send(format!(\"Eureka! {} are o idee nouă!\", &self." #~ "name))\n" #~ " .unwrap();\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn eat(&self) {\n" #~ " println!(\"{} is trying to eat\", &self.name);\n" #~ " let left = self.left_fork.lock().unwrap();\n" #~ " let right = self.right_fork.lock().unwrap();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"{} is eating...\", &self.name);\n" #~ " thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(10));\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "static PHILOSOPHERS: &[&str] =\n" #~ " &[\"Socrate\", \"Hypatia\", \"Platon\", \"Aristotel\", " #~ "\"Pitagora\"];\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let (tx, rx) = mpsc::sync_channel(10);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let forks = (0..PHILOSOPHERS.len())\n" #~ " .map(|_| Arc::new(Mutex::new(Fork)))\n" #~ " .collect::<Vec<_>>();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " for i in 0..forks.len() {\n" #~ " let tx = tx.clone();\n" #~ " let mut left_fork = Arc::clone(&forks[i]);\n" #~ " let mut right_fork = Arc::clone(&forks[(i + 1) % forks." #~ "len()])]);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Pentru a evita un blocaj, trebuie să rupem simetria\n" #~ " // undeva. Acest lucru va schimba furcile fără a dezinitializa\n" #~ " // niciuna dintre ele.\n" #~ " if i == forks.len() - 1 {\n" #~ " std::mem::swap(&mut left_fork, &mut right_fork);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let philosopher = Philosopher {\n" #~ " name: PHILOSOPHERS[i].to_string(),\n" #~ " thoughts: tx,\n" #~ " left_fork,\n" #~ " right_fork,\n" #~ " };\n" #~ "\n" #~ " thread::spawn(move || {|\n" #~ " for _ in 0..100 {\n" #~ " philosopher.eat();\n" #~ " filosof.think();\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " });\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " drop(tx);\n" #~ " for thought in rx {\n" #~ " println!(\"{thought}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "use std::{sync::Arc, sync::Mutex, sync::mpsc, thread};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use reqwest::{blocking::Client, Url};\n" #~ "use scraper::{Html, Selector};\n" #~ "use thiserror::Error;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[derive(Error, Debug)]\n" #~ "enum Error {\n" #~ " #[error(\"request error: {0}\")]\n" #~ " ReqwestError(#[from] reqwest::Error),\n" #~ " #[error(\"bad http response: {0}\")]\n" #~ " BadResponse(String),\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct CrawlCommand {\n" #~ " url: Url,\n" #~ " extract_links: bool,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn visit_page(client: &Client, command: &CrawlCommand) -> " #~ "Result, Error> {\n" #~ " println!(\"Checking {:#}\", command.url);\n" #~ " let response = client.get(command.url.clone()).send()?;\n" #~ " if !response.status().is_success() {\n" #~ " return Err(Error::BadResponse(response.status().to_string()));\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut link_urls = Vec::new();\n" #~ " if !command.extract_links {\n" #~ " return Ok(link_urls);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let base_url = response.url().to_owned();\n" #~ " let body_text = response.text()?;\n" #~ " let document = Html::parse_document(&body_text);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let selector = Selector::parse(\"a\").unwrap();\n" #~ " let href_values = document\n" #~ " .select(&selector)\n" #~ " .filter_map(|element| element.value().attr(\"href\"));\n" #~ " for href in href_values {\n" #~ " match base_url.join(href) {\n" #~ " Ok(link_url) => {\n" #~ " link_urls.push(link_url);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " Err(err) => {\n" #~ " println!(\"On {base_url:#}: ignored unparsable {href:?}: " #~ "{err}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " Ok(link_urls)\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "struct CrawlState {\n" #~ " domain: String,\n" #~ " visited_pages: std::collections::HashSet,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl CrawlState {\n" #~ " fn new(start_url: &Url) -> CrawlState {\n" #~ " let mut visited_pages = std::collections::HashSet::new();\n" #~ " visited_pages.insert(start_url.as_str().to_string());\n" #~ " CrawlState {\n" #~ " domain: start_url.domain().unwrap().to_string(),\n" #~ " visited_pages,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// Determine whether links within the given page should be " #~ "extracted.\n" #~ " fn should_extract_links(&self, url: &Url) -> bool {\n" #~ " let Some(url_domain) = url.domain() else {\n" #~ " return false;\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " url_domain == self.domain\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// Mark the given page as visited, returning false if it had " #~ "already\n" #~ " /// been visited.\n" #~ " fn mark_visited(&mut self, url: &Url) -> bool {\n" #~ " self.visited_pages.insert(url.as_str().to_string())\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "type CrawlResult = Result, (Url, Error)>;\n" #~ "fn spawn_crawler_threads(\n" #~ " command_receiver: mpsc::Receiver,\n" #~ " result_sender: mpsc::Sender,\n" #~ " thread_count: u32,\n" #~ ") {\n" #~ " let command_receiver = Arc::new(Mutex::new(command_receiver));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " for _ in 0..thread_count {\n" #~ " let result_sender = result_sender.clone();\n" #~ " let command_receiver = command_receiver.clone();\n" #~ " thread::spawn(move || {\n" #~ " let client = Client::new();\n" #~ " loop {\n" #~ " let command_result = {\n" #~ " let receiver_guard = command_receiver.lock()." #~ "unwrap();\n" #~ " receiver_guard.recv()\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " let Ok(crawl_command) = command_result else {\n" #~ " // The sender got dropped. No more commands coming " #~ "in.\n" #~ " break;\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " let crawl_result = match visit_page(&client, " #~ "&crawl_command) {\n" #~ " Ok(link_urls) => Ok(link_urls),\n" #~ " Err(error) => Err((crawl_command.url, error)),\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " result_sender.send(crawl_result).unwrap();\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " });\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn control_crawl(\n" #~ " start_url: Url,\n" #~ " command_sender: mpsc::Sender,\n" #~ " result_receiver: mpsc::Receiver,\n" #~ ") -> Vec {\n" #~ " let mut crawl_state = CrawlState::new(&start_url);\n" #~ " let start_command = CrawlCommand { url: start_url, extract_links: " #~ "true };\n" #~ " command_sender.send(start_command).unwrap();\n" #~ " let mut pending_urls = 1;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut bad_urls = Vec::new();\n" #~ " while pending_urls > 0 {\n" #~ " let crawl_result = result_receiver.recv().unwrap();\n" #~ " pending_urls -= 1;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " match crawl_result {\n" #~ " Ok(link_urls) => {\n" #~ " for url in link_urls {\n" #~ " if crawl_state.mark_visited(&url) {\n" #~ " let extract_links = crawl_state." #~ "should_extract_links(&url);\n" #~ " let crawl_command = CrawlCommand { url, " #~ "extract_links };\n" #~ " command_sender.send(crawl_command).unwrap();\n" #~ " pending_urls += 1;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " Err((url, error)) => {\n" #~ " bad_urls.push(url);\n" #~ " println!(\"Got crawling error: {:#}\", error);\n" #~ " continue;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " bad_urls\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn check_links(start_url: Url) -> Vec {\n" #~ " let (result_sender, result_receiver) = mpsc::channel::" #~ "();\n" #~ " let (command_sender, command_receiver) = mpsc::channel::" #~ "();\n" #~ " spawn_crawler_threads(command_receiver, result_sender, 16);\n" #~ " control_crawl(start_url, command_sender, result_receiver)\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let start_url = reqwest::Url::parse(\"https://www.google.org\")." #~ "unwrap();\n" #~ " let bad_urls = check_links(start_url);\n" #~ " println!(\"Bad URLs: {:#?}\", bad_urls);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "use std::{sync::Arc, sync::Mutex, sync::mpsc, thread};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "use reqwest::{blocking::Client, Url};\n" #~ "use scraper::{Html, Selector};\n" #~ "use thiserror::Error;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[derive(Error, Debug)]\n" #~ "enum Error {\n" #~ " #[error(\"request error: {0}\")]\n" #~ " ReqwestError(#[din] reqwest::Error),\n" #~ " #[error(\"bad http response: {0}\")]]\n" #~ " BadResponse(String),\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct CrawlCommand {\n" #~ " url: Url,\n" #~ " extract_links: bool,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn visit_page(client: &Client, command: &CrawlCommand) -> " #~ "Result<Vec, Error> {\n" #~ " println!(\"Checking {:#}\", command.url);\n" #~ " let response = client.get(command.url.clone()).send()?;\n" #~ " if !response.status().is_succes() {\n" #~ " return Err(Error::BadResponse(response.status().to_string())));\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut link_urls = Vec::new();\n" #~ " if !command.extract_links {\n" #~ " return Ok(link_urls);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let base_url = response.url().to_owned();\n" #~ " let body_text = response.text()?;\n" #~ " let document = Html::parse_document(&body_text);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let selector = Selector::parse(\"a\").unwrap();\n" #~ " let href_values = document\n" #~ " .select(&selector)\n" #~ " .filter_map(|element| element.value().attr(\"href\")));\n" #~ " for href in href_values {\n" #~ " match base_url.join(href) {\n" #~ " Ok(link_url) => {\n" #~ " link_urls.push(link_url);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " Err(err) => {\n" #~ " println!(\"Pe {base_url:#}: ignorat unparsable {href:?}: " #~ "{err}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " Ok(link_urls)\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "struct CrawlState {\n" #~ " domain: String,\n" #~ " visited_pages: std::collections::HashSet,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl CrawlState {\n" #~ " fn new(start_url: &Url) -> CrawlState {\n" #~ " let mut visited_pages = std::collections::HashSet::new();\n" #~ " visited_pages.insert(start_url.as_str().to_string());\n" #~ " CrawlState {\n" #~ " domain: start_url.domain().unwrap().to_string(),\n" #~ " visited_pages,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// Determină dacă legăturile din pagina dată trebuie extrase.\n" #~ " fn should_extract_links(&self, url: &Url) -> bool {\n" #~ " let Some(url_domain) = url.domain() else {\n" #~ " return false;\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " url_domain == self.domain\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " /// Marchează pagina dată ca fiind vizitată, returnând false dacă " #~ "aceasta a fost deja vizitată\n" #~ " /// fost vizitată.\n" #~ " fn mark_visited(&mut self, url: &Url) -> bool {\n" #~ " self.visited_pages.insert(url.as_str().to_string()))\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "type CrawlResult = Result<Vec, (Url, Error)>;\n" #~ "fn spawn_crawler_threads(\n" #~ " command_receiver: mpsc::Receiver,\n" #~ " result_sender: mpsc::Sender,\n" #~ " thread_count: u32,\n" #~ ") {\n" #~ " let command_receiver = Arc::new(Mutex::new(command_receiver));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " for _ in 0..thread_count {\n" #~ " let result_sender = result_sender.clone();\n" #~ " let command_receiver = command_receiver.clone();\n" #~ " thread::spawn(move || {| {\n" #~ " let client = Client::new();\n" #~ " loop {\n" #~ " let command_result = {\n" #~ " let receiver_guard = command_receiver.lock()." #~ "unwrap();\n" #~ " receiver_guard.recv()\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " let Ok(crawl_command) = command_result else {\n" #~ " // Expeditorul a fost abandonat. Nu mai vin comenzi.\n" #~ " break;\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " let crawl_result = match visit_page(&client, &" #~ "crawl_comandă) {\n" #~ " Ok(link_urls) => Ok(link_urls),\n" #~ " Err(error) => Err((crawl_comand.url, error)),\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " result_sender.send(crawl_result).unwrap();\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " });\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn control_crawl(\n" #~ " start_url: Url,\n" #~ " command_sender: mpsc::Sender,\n" #~ " result_receiver: mpsc::Receiver,\n" #~ ") -> Vec {\n" #~ " let mut crawl_state = CrawlState::new(&start_url);\n" #~ " let start_command = CrawlCommand { url: start_url, extract_links: " #~ "true };\n" #~ " command_sender.send(start_command).unwrap();\n" #~ " let mut pending_urls = 1;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut bad_urls = Vec::new();\n" #~ " while pending_urls > 0 {\n" #~ " let crawl_result = result_receiver.recv().unwrap();\n" #~ " pending_urls -= 1;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " match crawl_result {\n" #~ " Ok(link_urls) => {\n" #~ " for url in link_urls {\n" #~ " if crawl_state.mark_visited(&url) {\n" #~ " let extract_links = crawl_state." #~ "should_extract_links(&url);\n" #~ " let crawl_command = CrawlCommand { url, " #~ "extract_links };\n" #~ " command_sender.send(crawl_command).unwrap();\n" #~ " pending_urls += 1;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " Err((url, error))) => {\n" #~ " bad_urls.push(url);\n" #~ " println!(\"Am primit o eroare de crawling: {:#}\", " #~ "error);\n" #~ " continuă;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " bad_urls\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn check_links(start_url: Url) -> Vec {\n" #~ " let (result_sender, result_receiver) = mpsc::channel:::" #~ "();\n" #~ " let (command_sender, command_receiver) = mpsc::channel:::" #~ "();\n" #~ " spawn_crawler_threads(command_receiver, result_sender, 16);\n" #~ " control_crawl(start_url, command_sender, result_receiver)\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let start_url = reqwest::Url::parse(\"https://www.google.org\")." #~ "unwrap();\n" #~ " let bad_urls = check_links(start_url);\n" #~ " println!(\"URL-uri proaste: {:#?}\", bad_urls);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "use std::sync::Arc;\n" #~ "use tokio::time;\n" #~ "use tokio::sync::mpsc::{self, Sender};\n" #~ "use tokio::sync::Mutex;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "struct Fork;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "struct Philosopher {\n" #~ " name: String,\n" #~ " left_fork: Arc>,\n" #~ " right_fork: Arc>,\n" #~ " thoughts: Sender,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Philosopher {\n" #~ " async fn think(&self) {\n" #~ " self.thoughts\n" #~ " .send(format!(\"Eureka! {} has a new idea!\", &self.name))." #~ "await\n" #~ " .unwrap();\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " async fn eat(&self) {\n" #~ " // Pick up forks...\n" #~ " let _first_lock = self.left_fork.lock().await;\n" #~ " // Add a delay before picking the second fork to allow the " #~ "execution\n" #~ " // to transfer to another task\n" #~ " time::sleep(time::Duration::from_millis(1)).await;\n" #~ " let _second_lock = self.right_fork.lock().await;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"{} is eating...\", &self.name);\n" #~ " time::sleep(time::Duration::from_millis(5)).await;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // The locks are dropped here\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "static PHILOSOPHERS: &[&str] =\n" #~ " &[\"Socrates\", \"Hypatia\", \"Plato\", \"Aristotle\", " #~ "\"Pythagoras\"];\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[tokio::main]\n" #~ "async fn main() {\n" #~ " // Create forks\n" #~ " let mut forks = vec![];\n" #~ " (0..PHILOSOPHERS.len()).for_each(|_| forks.push(Arc::new(Mutex::" #~ "new(Fork))));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Create philosophers\n" #~ " let (philosophers, mut rx) = {\n" #~ " let mut philosophers = vec![];\n" #~ " let (tx, rx) = mpsc::channel(10);\n" #~ " for (i, name) in PHILOSOPHERS.iter().enumerate() {\n" #~ " let left_fork = Arc::clone(&forks[i]);\n" #~ " let right_fork = Arc::clone(&forks[(i + 1) % PHILOSOPHERS." #~ "len()]);\n" #~ " // To avoid a deadlock, we have to break the symmetry\n" #~ " // somewhere. This will swap the forks without " #~ "deinitializing\n" #~ " // either of them.\n" #~ " if i == 0 {\n" #~ " std::mem::swap(&mut left_fork, &mut right_fork);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " philosophers.push(Philosopher {\n" #~ " name: name.to_string(),\n" #~ " left_fork,\n" #~ " right_fork,\n" #~ " thoughts: tx.clone(),\n" #~ " });\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " (philosophers, rx)\n" #~ " // tx is dropped here, so we don't need to explicitly drop it " #~ "later\n" #~ " };\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Make them think and eat\n" #~ " for phil in philosophers {\n" #~ " tokio::spawn(async move {\n" #~ " for _ in 0..100 {\n" #~ " phil.think().await;\n" #~ " phil.eat().await;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " });\n" #~ "\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Output their thoughts\n" #~ " while let Some(thought) = rx.recv().await {\n" #~ " println!(\"Here is a thought: {thought}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "folosiți std::sync::Arc;\n" #~ "use tokio::time;\n" #~ "use tokio::sync::mpsc::{self, Sender};\n" #~ "use tokio::sync::Mutex;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "struct Fork;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "struct Philosopher {\n" #~ " name: String,\n" #~ " left_fork: Arc<Mutex>,\n" #~ " right_fork: Arc<Mutex>,\n" #~ " thoughts: Expeditor,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl Filozof {\n" #~ " async fn think(&self) {\n" #~ " self.thoughts\n" #~ " .send(format!(\"Eureka! {} are o idee nouă!\", &self." #~ "name)).await\n" #~ " .unwrap();\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " async fn eat(&self) {\n" #~ " // Ridică furculițele...\n" #~ " let _first_lock = self.left_fork.lock().await;\n" #~ " // Adăugați o întârziere înainte de a alege a doua furculiță " #~ "pentru a permite execuția\n" #~ " // să fie transferată către o altă sarcină\n" #~ " time::sleep(time::Duration::from_millis(1)).await;\n" #~ " let _second_lock = self.right_fork.lock().await;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"{} is eating...\", &self.name);\n" #~ " time::sleep(time::Duration::from_millis(5)).await;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Încuietorile sunt abandonate aici\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "static PHILOSOPHERS: &[&str] =\n" #~ " &[\"Socrate\", \"Hypatia\", \"Platon\", \"Aristotel\", " #~ "\"Pitagora\"];\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[tokio::main]\n" #~ "async fn main() {\n" #~ " // Creează furci\n" #~ " let mut forks = vec![];\n" #~ " (0..PHILOSOPHERS.len()).for_each(|_| forks.push(Arc::new(Mutex::" #~ "new(Fork))));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Creați filozofii\n" #~ " let (philosophers, mut rx) = {\n" #~ " let mut philosophers = vec![];\n" #~ " let (tx, rx) = mpsc::channel(10);\n" #~ " for (i, name) in PHILOSOPHERS.iter().enumerate() {\n" #~ " let left_fork = Arc::clone(&forks[i]);\n" #~ " let right_fork = Arc::clone(&forks[(i + 1) % PHILOSOPHERS." #~ "len()])]);\n" #~ " // Pentru a evita un blocaj, trebuie să rupem simetria\n" #~ " // undeva. Acest lucru va schimba furcile fără a " #~ "dezinitializa\n" #~ " // niciuna dintre ele.\n" #~ " if i == 0 {\n" #~ " std::mem::swap(&mut left_fork, &mut right_fork);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " philosophers.push(Philosopher {\n" #~ " name: name.to_string(),\n" #~ " left_fork,\n" #~ " right_fork,\n" #~ " gânduri: tx.clone(),\n" #~ " });\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " (filosofi, rx)\n" #~ " // tx este eliminat aici, astfel încât nu trebuie să îl eliminăm " #~ "în mod explicit mai târziu\n" #~ " };\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Fă-i să gândească și să mănânce\n" #~ " for phil in philosophers {\n" #~ " tokio::spawn(async move {\n" #~ " for _ in 0..100 {\n" #~ " phil.think().await;\n" #~ " phil.eat().await;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " });\n" #~ "\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Afișează gândurile lor\n" #~ " while let Some(thought) = rx.recv().await {\n" #~ " println!(\"Iată un gând: {thought}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "use futures_util::sink::SinkExt;\n" #~ "use futures_util::stream::StreamExt;\n" #~ "use std::error::Error;\n" #~ "use std::net::SocketAddr;\n" #~ "use tokio::net::{TcpListener, TcpStream};\n" #~ "use tokio::sync::broadcast::{channel, Sender};\n" #~ "use tokio_websockets::{Message, ServerBuilder, WebsocketStream};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "async fn handle_connection(\n" #~ " addr: SocketAddr,\n" #~ " mut ws_stream: WebsocketStream,\n" #~ " bcast_tx: Sender,\n" #~ ") -> Result<(), Box> {\n" #~ "\n" #~ " ws_stream\n" #~ " .send(Message::text(\"Welcome to chat! Type a message\".into()))\n" #~ " .await?;\n" #~ " let mut bcast_rx = bcast_tx.subscribe();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // A continuous loop for concurrently performing two tasks: (1) " #~ "receiving\n" #~ " // messages from `ws_stream` and broadcasting them, and (2) " #~ "receiving\n" #~ " // messages on `bcast_rx` and sending them to the client.\n" #~ " loop {\n" #~ " tokio::select! {\n" #~ " incoming = ws_stream.next() => {\n" #~ " match incoming {\n" #~ " Some(Ok(msg)) => {\n" #~ " if let Some(text) = msg.as_text() {\n" #~ " println!(\"From client {addr:?} {text:?}\");\n" #~ " bcast_tx.send(text.into())?;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " Some(Err(err)) => return Err(err.into()),\n" #~ " None => return Ok(()),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " msg = bcast_rx.recv() => {\n" #~ " ws_stream.send(Message::text(msg?)).await?;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[tokio::main]\n" #~ "async fn main() -> Result<(), Box> {\n" #~ " let (bcast_tx, _) = channel(16);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let listener = TcpListener::bind(\"127.0.0.1:2000\").await?;\n" #~ " println!(\"listening on port 2000\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " loop {\n" #~ " let (socket, addr) = listener.accept().await?;\n" #~ " println!(\"New connection from {addr:?}\");\n" #~ " let bcast_tx = bcast_tx.clone();\n" #~ " tokio::spawn(async move {\n" #~ " // Wrap the raw TCP stream into a websocket.\n" #~ " let ws_stream = ServerBuilder::new().accept(socket).await?;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " handle_connection(addr, ws_stream, bcast_tx).await\n" #~ " });\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "use futures_util::sink::SinkExt;\n" #~ "use futures_util::stream::StreamExt;\n" #~ "use std::error::Error;\n" #~ "use std::net::SocketAddr;\n" #~ "use tokio::net::{TcpListener, TcpStream};\n" #~ "use tokio::sync::broadcast::{channel, Sender};\n" #~ "use tokio_websockets::{Message, ServerBuilder, WebsocketStream};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "async fn handle_connection(\n" #~ " addr: SocketAddr,\n" #~ " mut ws_stream: WebsocketStream,\n" #~ " bcast_tx: Sender,\n" #~ ") -> Result<(), Box> {\n" #~ "\n" #~ " ws_stream\n" #~ " .send(Message::text(\"Bine ați venit pe chat! Introduceți un " #~ "mesaj\".into())))\n" #~ " .await?;\n" #~ " let mut bcast_rx = bcast_tx.subscribe();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // O buclă continuă pentru efectuarea concomitentă a două sarcini: " #~ "(1) primirea\n" #~ " // mesaje de la `ws_stream` și difuzarea acestora și (2) primirea\n" #~ " // mesaje pe `bcast_rx` și trimiterea lor către client.\n" #~ " buclă {\n" #~ " tokio::select! {\n" #~ " incoming = ws_stream.next() => {\n" #~ " match incoming {\n" #~ " Some(Ok(msg)) => {\n" #~ " if let Some(text) = msg.as_text() {\n" #~ " println!(\"De la client {addr:?} " #~ "{text:?}\");\n" #~ " bcast_tx.send(text.into())?;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " Some(Err(err(err)) => return Err(err.into())),\n" #~ " None => return Ok((()),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " msg = bcast_rx.recv() => {\n" #~ " ws_stream.send(Message::text(msg?)).await?;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[tokio::main]\n" #~ "async fn main() -> Result<(), Box> {\n" #~ " let (bcast_tx, _) = channel(16);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let listener = TcpListener::bind(\"127.0.0.1:2000\").await?;\n" #~ " println!(\"ascultând pe portul 2000\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " loop {\n" #~ " let (socket, addr) = listener.accept().await?;\n" #~ " println!(\"Conexiune nouă de la {addr:?}\");\n" #~ " let bcast_tx = bcast_tx.clone();\n" #~ " tokio::spawn(async move {\n" #~ " // Înfășurați fluxul TCP brut într-un websocket.\n" #~ " let ws_stream = ServerBuilder::new().accept(socket).await?;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " handle_connection(addr, ws_stream, bcast_tx).await\n" #~ " });\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "use futures_util::stream::StreamExt;\n" #~ "use futures_util::SinkExt;\n" #~ "use http::Uri;\n" #~ "use tokio::io::{AsyncBufReadExt, BufReader};\n" #~ "use tokio_websockets::{ClientBuilder, Message};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[tokio::main]\n" #~ "async fn main() -> Result<(), tokio_websockets::Error> {\n" #~ " let (mut ws_stream, _) =\n" #~ " ClientBuilder::from_uri(Uri::" #~ "from_static(\"ws://127.0.0.1:2000\"))\n" #~ " .connect()\n" #~ " .await?;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let stdin = tokio::io::stdin();\n" #~ " let mut stdin = BufReader::new(stdin).lines();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Continuous loop for concurrently sending and receiving messages.\n" #~ " loop {\n" #~ " tokio::select! {\n" #~ " incoming = ws_stream.next() => {\n" #~ " match incoming {\n" #~ " Some(Ok(msg)) => {\n" #~ " if let Some(text) = msg.as_text() {\n" #~ " println!(\"From server: {}\", text);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " },\n" #~ " Some(Err(err)) => return Err(err.into()),\n" #~ " None => return Ok(()),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " res = stdin.next_line() => {\n" #~ " match res {\n" #~ " Ok(None) => return Ok(()),\n" #~ " Ok(Some(line)) => ws_stream.send(Message::text(line." #~ "to_string())).await?,\n" #~ " Err(err) => return Err(err.into()),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,compile_fail\n" #~ "use futures_util::stream::StreamExt;\n" #~ "use futures_util::SinkExt;\n" #~ "use http::Uri;\n" #~ "use tokio::io::{AsyncBufReadExt, BufReader};\n" #~ "use tokio_websockets::{ClientBuilder, Message};\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[tokio::main]\n" #~ "async fn main() -> Result<(), tokio_websockets::Error> {\n" #~ " let (mut ws_stream, _) =\n" #~ " ClientBuilder::from_uri(Uri::" #~ "from_static(\"ws://127.0.0.1:2000\")))\n" #~ " .connect()\n" #~ " .await?;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let stdin = tokio::io::stdin();\n" #~ " let mut stdin = BufReader::new(stdin).lines();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Bucla continuă pentru trimiterea și primirea simultană de mesaje.\n" #~ " loop {\n" #~ " tokio::select! {\n" #~ " incoming = ws_stream.next() => {\n" #~ " match incoming {\n" #~ " Some(Ok(msg)) => {\n" #~ " if let Some(text) = msg.as_text() {\n" #~ " println!(\"De la server: {}\", text);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " },\n" #~ " Some(Err(err(err))) => return Err(err.into()),\n" #~ " None => return Ok((()),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " res = stdin.next_line() => {\n" #~ " match res {\n" #~ " Ok(None) => return Ok((()),\n" #~ " Ok(Some(line)) => ws_stream.send(Message::text(line." #~ "to_string())).await?,\n" #~ " Err(err) => return Err(err.into()),\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "At this point, the instructor should switch to the [CXX tutorial](https://" #~ "cxx.rs/tutorial.html)." #~ msgstr "" #~ "În acest moment, instructorul ar trebui să treacă la [tutorialul CXX]" #~ "(https://cxx.rs/tutorial.html)." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Walk the students through the tutorial step by step." #~ msgstr "Îndrumați-i pe elevi prin tutorial pas cu pas." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Highlight how CXX presents a clean interface without unsafe code in _both " #~ "languages_." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Evidențiați modul în care CXX prezintă o interfață curată fără cod " #~ "nesigur în _ambele limbaje_." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Explain how a Rust `String` cannot map to a C++ `std::string` (the latter " #~ "does not uphold the UTF-8 invariant). Show that despite being different " #~ "types, `rust::String` in C++ can be easily constructed from a C++ `std::" #~ "string`, making it very ergonomic to use." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Explicați de ce un `String` din Rust nu poate fi mapat cu un `std::" #~ "string` din C++ (acesta din urmă nu respectă invarianta UTF-8). Arătați " #~ "că, în ciuda faptului că sunt tipuri diferite, `rust::String` în C++ " #~ "poate fi construit cu ușurință dintr-un `std::string` din C++, ceea ce îl " #~ "face foarte ergonomic de utilizat." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Explain that a Rust function returning `Result` becomes a function " #~ "which throws a `E` exception in C++ (and vice versa)." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Explicați că o funcție Rust care returnează `Result` devine o " #~ "funcție care aruncă o excepție `E` în C++ (și viceversa)."