msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Comprehensive Rust 🦀\n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2024-01-24T13:24:49+01:00\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2023-08-25 14:19-0700\n" "Last-Translator: Kuba Jaroszewski \n" "Language-Team: Polish \n" "Language: pl\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" "Plural-Forms: nplurals=3; plural=(n==1 ? 0 : n%10>=2 && n%10<=4 && (n%100<10 " "|| n%100>=20) ? 1 : 2);\n" "X-Generator: Poedit 3.3.2\n" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/index.md msgid "Welcome to Comprehensive Rust 🦀" msgstr "Witamy w Comprehensive Rust 🦀" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course.md msgid "Running the Course" msgstr "Prowadzenie kursu" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "Course Structure" msgstr "Struktura kursu" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md msgid "Keyboard Shortcuts" msgstr "Skróty klawiszowe" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/translations.md msgid "Translations" msgstr "Tłumaczenia" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/cargo.md msgid "Using Cargo" msgstr "Korzystanie z Cargo" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Rust Ecosystem" msgstr "Ekosystem Rust" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Code Samples" msgstr "Próbki kodu" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Running Cargo Locally" msgstr "Lokalne uruchamianie Cargo" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Day 1: Morning" msgstr "Dzień 1: Rano" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Welcome" msgstr "Witamy" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/hello-world.md src/hello-world/hello-world.md #, fuzzy msgid "Hello, World" msgstr "Witaj świecie!" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md msgid "What is Rust?" msgstr "Co to jest Rust?" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "Benefits of Rust" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/hello-world/playground.md msgid "Playground" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values.md msgid "Types and Values" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values/variables.md msgid "Variables" msgstr "Zmienne" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "Values" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md msgid "Arithmetic" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values/strings.md msgid "Strings" msgstr "Łańcuchy znaków" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values/inference.md msgid "Type Inference" msgstr "Wnioskowanie typów" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values/exercise.md msgid "Exercise: Fibonacci" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values/solution.md #: src/control-flow-basics/solution.md src/tuples-and-arrays/solution.md #: src/references/solution.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md #: src/pattern-matching/solution.md src/methods-and-traits/solution.md #: src/generics/solution.md src/std-types/solution.md #: src/std-traits/solution.md src/memory-management/solution.md #: src/smart-pointers/solution.md src/borrowing/solution.md #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md src/iterators/solution.md #: src/modules/solution.md src/testing/solution.md #: src/error-handling/solution.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md #, fuzzy msgid "Solution" msgstr "Rozwiązania" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics.md #, fuzzy msgid "Control Flow Basics" msgstr "Kontrola przepływu" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md msgid "Conditionals" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/loops.md #, fuzzy msgid "Loops" msgstr "Pętle `for`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md #, fuzzy msgid "`break` and `continue`" msgstr "`przerwij` i `kontynuuj`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md msgid "Blocks and Scopes" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/functions.md msgid "Functions" msgstr "Funkcje" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/macros.md msgid "Macros" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "Exercise: Collatz Sequence" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Day 1: Afternoon" msgstr "Dzień 1: Popołudnie" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/tuples-and-arrays.md #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "Tuples and Arrays" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/tuples-and-arrays/iteration.md #, fuzzy msgid "Array Iteration" msgstr "Iterator" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md src/pattern-matching.md msgid "Pattern Matching" msgstr "Dopasowywanie wzorców" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md #, fuzzy msgid "Destructuring" msgstr "Destrukturyzacja wyliczeń" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md msgid "Exercise: Nested Arrays" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/references.md msgid "References" msgstr "Referencje" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/references/shared.md #, fuzzy msgid "Shared References" msgstr "Referencje" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/references/exclusive.md #, fuzzy msgid "Exclusive References" msgstr "Wiszące referencje" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/references/exercise.md msgid "Exercise: Geometry" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types.md msgid "User-Defined Types" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md #, fuzzy msgid "Named Structs" msgstr "Struktury" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md msgid "Tuple Structs" msgstr "Struktury krotkowe" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types/enums.md #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md msgid "Enums" msgstr "Wyliczenia" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md #, fuzzy msgid "Static and Const" msgstr "static i const" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types/aliases.md msgid "Type Aliases" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types/exercise.md msgid "Exercise: Elevator Events" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Day 2: Morning" msgstr "Dzień 2: Rano" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md #, fuzzy msgid "Let Control Flow" msgstr "Kontrola przepływu" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/pattern-matching/exercise.md msgid "Exercise: Expression Evaluation" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/methods-and-traits.md #, fuzzy msgid "Methods and Traits" msgstr "Read i Write" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/methods-and-traits/methods.md msgid "Methods" msgstr "Metody" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/methods-and-traits/traits.md msgid "Traits" msgstr "Cechy" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md #, fuzzy msgid "Deriving" msgstr "Wyprowadzanie cech" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md #, fuzzy msgid "Trait Objects" msgstr "Obiekty cech" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md msgid "Exercise: Generic Logger" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics.md msgid "Generics" msgstr "Generyki" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics/generic-functions.md #, fuzzy msgid "Generic Functions" msgstr "Funkcje zewnętrzne" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics/generic-data.md msgid "Generic Data Types" msgstr "Generyczne typy danych" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics/trait-bounds.md #, fuzzy msgid "Trait Bounds" msgstr "Granice cech" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics/impl-trait.md #, fuzzy msgid "`impl Trait`" msgstr "`impl Cecha`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics/exercise.md msgid "Exercise: Generic `min`" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Day 2: Afternoon" msgstr "Dzień 2: Popołudnie" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-types.md #, fuzzy msgid "Standard Library Types" msgstr "Biblioteka standardowa" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-types/std.md msgid "Standard Library" msgstr "Biblioteka standardowa" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-types/docs.md #, fuzzy msgid "Documentation" msgstr "Testy dokumentacyjne" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Option`" msgstr "`Option` i `Result`" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Result`" msgstr "`Option` i `Result`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md #, fuzzy msgid "`String`" msgstr "String" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-types/vec.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Vec`" msgstr "`Vec`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-types/hashmap.md src/bare-metal/no_std.md #, fuzzy msgid "`HashMap`" msgstr "`HashMap`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-types/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "Exercise: Counter" msgstr "Ćwiczenia" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits.md #, fuzzy msgid "Standard Library Traits" msgstr "Biblioteka standardowa" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits/comparisons.md src/async.md #, fuzzy msgid "Comparisons" msgstr "Porównanie" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits/operators.md #, fuzzy msgid "Operators" msgstr "Iteratory" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits/from-and-into.md #, fuzzy msgid "`From` and `Into`" msgstr "`Od` i `do`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits/casting.md #, fuzzy msgid "Casting" msgstr "Testowanie" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits/read-and-write.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Read` and `Write`" msgstr "`Odczyt` i `Zapis`" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "`Default`, struct update syntax" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits/closures.md msgid "Closures" msgstr "Domknięcia" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "Exercise: ROT13" msgstr "Ćwiczenia" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Day 3: Morning" msgstr "Dzień 3: Rano" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management.md msgid "Memory Management" msgstr "Zarządzanie pamięcią" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management/review.md msgid "Review of Program Memory" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management/approaches.md #, fuzzy msgid "Approaches to Memory Management" msgstr "Automatyczne zarządzanie pamięcią" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management/ownership.md msgid "Ownership" msgstr "Własność" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management/move.md msgid "Move Semantics" msgstr "Semantyka przenoszenia" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "`Clone`" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management/copy-types.md #, fuzzy msgid "Copy Types" msgstr "Typy złożone" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Drop`" msgstr "Drop" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management/exercise.md msgid "Exercise: Builder Type" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/smart-pointers.md msgid "Smart Pointers" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/smart-pointers/box.md #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Box`" msgstr "`Pudełko`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/smart-pointers/rc.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Rc`" msgstr "`Rc`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/smart-pointers/exercise.md msgid "Exercise: Binary Tree" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Day 3: Afternoon" msgstr "Dzień 3: Popołudnie" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/borrowing.md msgid "Borrowing" msgstr "Pożyczanie" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/borrowing/shared.md #, fuzzy msgid "Borrowing a Value" msgstr "Pożyczanie" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/borrowing/borrowck.md #, fuzzy msgid "Borrow Checking" msgstr "Pożyczanie" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md #, fuzzy msgid "Interior Mutability" msgstr "Interoperacyjność" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/borrowing/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "Exercise: Health Statistics" msgstr "Statystyki zdrowia" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/slices-and-lifetimes.md #, fuzzy msgid "Slices and Lifetimes" msgstr "Czas życia" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "Slices: `&[T]`" msgstr "Wycinki" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md #, fuzzy msgid "String References" msgstr "Wiszące referencje" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md #, fuzzy msgid "Lifetime Annotations" msgstr "Czas życia w wywołaniach funkcji" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "Lifetime Elision" msgstr "Czas życia" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "Struct Lifetimes" msgstr "Czas życia" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md msgid "Exercise: Protobuf Parsing" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Day 4: Morning" msgstr "Dzień 4: Rano" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/iterators.md #, fuzzy msgid "Iterators" msgstr "Iteratory" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/iterators/iterator.md src/bare-metal/no_std.md msgid "`Iterator`" msgstr "`Iterator`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/iterators/intoiterator.md msgid "`IntoIterator`" msgstr "`IntoIterator`" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "`FromIterator`" msgstr "FromIterator" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/iterators/exercise.md msgid "Exercise: Iterator Method Chaining" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/modules.md src/modules/modules.md msgid "Modules" msgstr "Moduły" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/modules/filesystem.md msgid "Filesystem Hierarchy" msgstr "Hierarchia systemu plików" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/modules/visibility.md msgid "Visibility" msgstr "Widoczność" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "`use`, `super`, `self`" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/modules/exercise.md msgid "Exercise: Modules for a GUI Library" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/testing.md src/chromium/testing.md msgid "Testing" msgstr "Testowanie" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Test Modules" msgstr "Moduły testowe" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/testing/other.md #, fuzzy msgid "Other Types of Tests" msgstr "Inne zasoby" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/testing/useful-crates.md msgid "Useful Crates" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/testing/googletest.md msgid "GoogleTest" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/testing/mocking.md msgid "Mocking" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/testing/lints.md msgid "Compiler Lints and Clippy" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/testing/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "Exercise: Luhn Algorithm" msgstr "Algorytm Luhna" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Day 4: Afternoon" msgstr "Dzień 4: Popołudnie" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/error-handling.md msgid "Error Handling" msgstr "Obsługa błędów" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/error-handling/panics.md msgid "Panics" msgstr "Panikowanie" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/error-handling/try.md #, fuzzy msgid "Try Operator" msgstr "Iterator" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/error-handling/try-conversions.md #, fuzzy msgid "Try Conversions" msgstr "Niejawne konwersje" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Error` Trait" msgstr "Cecha „Upuść”." #: src/SUMMARY.md src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md #, fuzzy msgid "`thiserror` and `anyhow`" msgstr "`Od` i `do`" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "Exercise: Rewriting with `Result`" msgstr "Strukturalna obsługa błędów za pomocą `Result`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/unsafe-rust.md src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md msgid "Unsafe Rust" msgstr "Niebezpieczny Rust" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "Unsafe" msgstr "Niebezpieczny Rust" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md #, fuzzy msgid "Dereferencing Raw Pointers" msgstr "Dereferencja surowych wskaźników" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md msgid "Mutable Static Variables" msgstr "Mutowalne zmienne statyczne" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/unsafe-rust/unions.md msgid "Unions" msgstr "Unie" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md #, fuzzy msgid "Unsafe Functions" msgstr "Wywoływanie niebezpiecznych funkcji" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "Unsafe Traits" msgstr "Wdrażanie niebezpiecznych cech" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "Exercise: FFI Wrapper" msgstr "Bezpieczne opakowanie FFI" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/android.md msgid "Android" msgstr "Android" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/setup.md src/chromium/setup.md msgid "Setup" msgstr "Przygotowanie" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/build-rules.md msgid "Build Rules" msgstr "Reguły budowania" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Binary" msgstr "Pliki binarne" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Library" msgstr "Biblioteka" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/aidl.md msgid "AIDL" msgstr "AIDL" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Interface" msgstr "Interfejs" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Implementation" msgstr "Implementacja" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Server" msgstr "Serwer" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/aidl/deploy.md msgid "Deploy" msgstr "Wdrażanie" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Client" msgstr "Klient" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/aidl/changing.md msgid "Changing API" msgstr "Zmiana API" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/logging.md src/bare-metal/aps/logging.md msgid "Logging" msgstr "Logowanie" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability.md msgid "Interoperability" msgstr "Interoperacyjność" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "With C" msgstr "Z językiem C" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Calling C with Bindgen" msgstr "Wywołanie C z Bindgenem" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Calling Rust from C" msgstr "Wywołanie Rusta z C" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp.md msgid "With C++" msgstr "Z językiem C++" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md #, fuzzy msgid "The Bridge Module" msgstr "Moduły testowe" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "Rust Bridge" msgstr "Binaria Rusta" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/generated-cpp.md msgid "Generated C++" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "C++ Bridge" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-types.md #, fuzzy msgid "Shared Types" msgstr "Typy skalarne" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-enums.md msgid "Shared Enums" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md #, fuzzy msgid "Rust Error Handling" msgstr "Obsługa błędów" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-exception.md #, fuzzy msgid "C++ Error Handling" msgstr "Obsługa błędów" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md msgid "Additional Types" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Building for Android: C++" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "Building for Android: Genrules" msgstr "Budowanie komponentów Androida w Ruście." #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "Building for Android: Rust" msgstr "Budowanie komponentów Androida w Ruście." #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "With Java" msgstr "Z Javą" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/android/morning.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/morning.md src/exercises/bare-metal/afternoon.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/morning.md src/exercises/concurrency/afternoon.md msgid "Exercises" msgstr "Ćwiczenia" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Chromium" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "Comparing Chromium and Cargo Ecosystems" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Policy" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "Unsafe Code" msgstr "Niebezpieczny Rust" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/build-rules/depending.md msgid "Depending on Rust Code from Chromium C++" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md msgid "Visual Studio Code" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md #, fuzzy msgid "Exercise" msgstr "Ćwiczenia" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/testing/rust-gtest-interop.md msgid "`rust_gtest_interop` Library" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/testing/build-gn.md msgid "GN Rules for Rust Tests" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/testing/chromium-import-macro.md msgid "`chromium::import!` Macro" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md #, fuzzy msgid "Interoperability with C++" msgstr "Interoperacyjność z C" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md #, fuzzy msgid "Example Bindings" msgstr "Przykłady" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md msgid "Limitations of CXX" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md #, fuzzy msgid "CXX Error Handling" msgstr "Obsługa błędów" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "Error Handling: QR Example" msgstr "Obsługa błędów" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "Error Handling: PNG Example" msgstr "Obsługa błędów" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Using CXX in Chromium" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md msgid "Adding Third Party Crates" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Configuring Cargo.toml" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md msgid "Configuring `gnrt_config.toml`" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md msgid "Downloading Crates" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md msgid "Generating `gn` Build Rules" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md msgid "Resolving Problems" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-generate-code.md msgid "Build Scripts Which Generate Code" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-take-arbitrary-actions.md msgid "Build Scripts Which Build C++ or Take Arbitrary Actions" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/depending-on-a-crate.md msgid "Depending on a Crate" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Reviews and Audits" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Checking into Chromium Source Code" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/keeping-up-to-date.md msgid "Keeping Crates Up to Date" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Bringing It Together - Exercise" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/chromium/solutions.md #, fuzzy msgid "Exercise Solutions" msgstr "Rozwiązania" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "Bare Metal: Morning" msgstr "Dzień 1: Rano" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/no_std.md msgid "`no_std`" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "A Minimal Example" msgstr "Mały przykład" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/no_std.md src/bare-metal/alloc.md msgid "`alloc`" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/microcontrollers.md msgid "Microcontrollers" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md msgid "Raw MMIO" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "PACs" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "HAL Crates" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Board Support Crates" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "The Type State Pattern" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md msgid "`embedded-hal`" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md msgid "`probe-rs` and `cargo-embed`" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md #, fuzzy msgid "Debugging" msgstr "Logowanie" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "Other Projects" msgstr "Inne zasoby" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md #, fuzzy msgid "Compass" msgstr "Porównanie" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Solutions" msgstr "Rozwiązania" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "Bare Metal: Afternoon" msgstr "Dzień 1: Popołudnie" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Application Processors" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md msgid "Getting Ready to Rust" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Inline Assembly" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "MMIO" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Let's Write a UART Driver" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "More Traits" msgstr "Cechy" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "A Better UART Driver" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md msgid "Bitflags" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Multiple Registers" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md msgid "Driver" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "Using It" msgstr "Korzystanie z Cargo" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/aps/exceptions.md #, fuzzy msgid "Exceptions" msgstr "Funkcje" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md msgid "`zerocopy`" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md msgid "`aarch64-paging`" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/useful-crates/buddy_system_allocator.md msgid "`buddy_system_allocator`" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/useful-crates/tinyvec.md msgid "`tinyvec`" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md msgid "`spin`" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "`vmbase`" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "RTC Driver" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "Concurrency: Morning" msgstr "Współbieżność" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/threads.md msgid "Threads" msgstr "Wątki" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md msgid "Scoped Threads" msgstr "Wątki z zakresem" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/channels.md msgid "Channels" msgstr "Kanały" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md msgid "Unbounded Channels" msgstr "Nieograniczone kanały" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md msgid "Bounded Channels" msgstr "Ograniczone kanały" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/send-sync.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Send` and `Sync`" msgstr "`Wyślij` i `Synchronizacja`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/send-sync/send.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Send`" msgstr "`Wyślij`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Sync`" msgstr "`Synchronizacja`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md msgid "Examples" msgstr "Przykłady" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/shared_state.md msgid "Shared State" msgstr "Współdzielony stan" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Arc`" msgstr "`Łuk`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Mutex`" msgstr "`Mutex`" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management/review.md #: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md #: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md msgid "Example" msgstr "Przykład" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "Dining Philosophers" msgstr "Ucztujący filozofowie" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md msgid "Multi-threaded Link Checker" msgstr "Wielowątkowe narzędzie do sprawdzania linków" #: src/SUMMARY.md #, fuzzy msgid "Concurrency: Afternoon" msgstr "Współbieżność" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Async Basics" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/async-await.md msgid "`async`/`await`" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/futures.md msgid "Futures" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/runtimes.md #, fuzzy msgid "Runtimes" msgstr "Gwarancje podczas działania" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/runtimes/tokio.md msgid "Tokio" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md src/async/tasks.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #, fuzzy msgid "Tasks" msgstr "Zadania" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/channels.md #, fuzzy msgid "Async Channels" msgstr "Kanały" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Control Flow" msgstr "Kontrola przepływu" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/control-flow/join.md msgid "Join" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/control-flow/select.md msgid "Select" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Pitfalls" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Blocking the Executor" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "`Pin`" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md #, fuzzy msgid "Async Traits" msgstr "Cechy" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md #, fuzzy msgid "Cancellation" msgstr "Instalacja" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "Broadcast Chat Application" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Final Words" msgstr "Ostatnie słowa" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/thanks.md msgid "Thanks!" msgstr "Dzięki!" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/glossary.md msgid "Glossary" msgstr "" #: src/SUMMARY.md msgid "Other Resources" msgstr "Inne zasoby" #: src/SUMMARY.md src/credits.md msgid "Credits" msgstr "Uznania" #: src/index.md msgid "" "[![Build workflow](https://img.shields.io/github/actions/workflow/status/" "google/comprehensive-rust/build.yml?style=flat-square)](https://github.com/" "google/comprehensive-rust/actions/workflows/build.yml?query=branch%3Amain) [!" "[GitHub contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/google/" "comprehensive-rust?style=flat-square)](https://github.com/google/" "comprehensive-rust/graphs/contributors) [![GitHub stars](https://img.shields." "io/github/stars/google/comprehensive-rust?style=flat-square)](https://github." "com/google/comprehensive-rust/stargazers)" msgstr "" #: src/index.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "This is a free Rust course developed by the Android team at Google. The " "course covers the full spectrum of Rust, from basic syntax to advanced " "topics like generics and error handling." msgstr "" "To jest czterodniowy kurs Rust opracowany przez zespół Androida. Kurs " "obejmuje pełne spektrum Rusta, od podstawowej składni po zaawansowane " "tematy, takie jak programowanie uogólnione i obsługę błędów. Ostatni dzień " "obejmuje również treści specyficzne dla Androida." #: src/index.md msgid "" "The latest version of the course can be found at . If you are reading somewhere else, please check there " "for updates." msgstr "" #: src/index.md msgid "" "The goal of the course is to teach you Rust. We assume you don't know " "anything about Rust and hope to:" msgstr "" "Celem kursu jest nauczenie Cię języka Rust. Zakładamy, że nic nie wiesz o " "Ruście i mamy nadzieję, że:" #: src/index.md msgid "Give you a comprehensive understanding of the Rust syntax and language." msgstr "Damy Ci kompleksowe zrozumienie składni i języka Rust." #: src/index.md msgid "Enable you to modify existing programs and write new programs in Rust." msgstr "" "Umożliwimy modyfikowanie istniejących programów i pisanie nowych programów w " "Ruście." #: src/index.md msgid "Show you common Rust idioms." msgstr "Pokażemy powszechne idiomy Rusta." #: src/index.md msgid "We call the first four course days Rust Fundamentals." msgstr "" #: src/index.md msgid "" "Building on this, you're invited to dive into one or more specialized topics:" msgstr "" #: src/index.md msgid "" "[Android](android.md): a half-day course on using Rust for Android platform " "development (AOSP). This includes interoperability with C, C++, and Java." msgstr "" #: src/index.md msgid "" "[Chromium](chromium.md): a half-day course on using Rust within Chromium " "based browsers. This includes interoperability with C++ and how to include " "third-party crates in Chromium." msgstr "" #: src/index.md msgid "" "[Bare-metal](bare-metal.md): a whole-day class on using Rust for bare-metal " "(embedded) development. Both microcontrollers and application processors are " "covered." msgstr "" #: src/index.md msgid "" "[Concurrency](concurrency.md): a whole-day class on concurrency in Rust. We " "cover both classical concurrency (preemptively scheduling using threads and " "mutexes) and async/await concurrency (cooperative multitasking using " "futures)." msgstr "" #: src/index.md msgid "Non-Goals" msgstr "Poza zakresem" #: src/index.md msgid "" "Rust is a large language and we won't be able to cover all of it in a few " "days. Some non-goals of this course are:" msgstr "" "Rust to duży język i nie będziemy w stanie omówić go w całości w ciągu kilku " "dni. Niektóre cele będące poza zakresem tego kursu to:" #: src/index.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Learning how to develop macros: please see [Chapter 19.5 in the Rust Book]" "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch19-06-macros.html) and [Rust by Example]" "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/macros.html) instead." msgstr "" "Tworzenie makr, zamiast tego zobacz [Rozdział 19.5 w Język Programowanie " "Rust](http://rust.w8.pl/book/ch19-06-macros.html) i [Rust by Example]" "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/macros.html)." #: src/index.md msgid "Assumptions" msgstr "Założenia" #: src/index.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The course assumes that you already know how to program. Rust is a " "statically-typed language and we will sometimes make comparisons with C and " "C++ to better explain or contrast the Rust approach." msgstr "" "Kurs zakłada, że wiesz już, jak programować. Rust to statycznie typowany " "język i aby było lepiej wyjaśnić lub przeciwstawić podejście Rusta czasami " "będziemy dokonywać porównań z C i C++." #: src/index.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "If you know how to program in a dynamically-typed language such as Python or " "JavaScript, then you will be able to follow along just fine too." msgstr "" "Jeśli wiesz, jak programować w języku o dynamicznym typowaniu, takim jak " "Python lub JavaScript, to też dasz sobie radę." #: src/index.md msgid "" "This is an example of a _speaker note_. We will use these to add additional " "information to the slides. This could be key points which the instructor " "should cover as well as answers to typical questions which come up in class." msgstr "" "To jest przykład _notatki dla prowadzącego_. Użyjemy ich, aby dodać " "dodatkowe informacje do slajdów. Mogą to być kluczowe punkty, które " "prowadzący powinien omówić, a także odpowiedzi na typowe pytania, które " "pojawiają się na zajęciach." #: src/running-the-course.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "This page is for the course instructor." msgstr "Ta strona jest dla prowadzącego kurs." #: src/running-the-course.md msgid "" "Here is a bit of background information about how we've been running the " "course internally at Google." msgstr "" "Oto trochę podstawowych informacji o tym, jak prowadziliśmy ten kurs " "wewnętrznie w Google." #: src/running-the-course.md msgid "" "We typically run classes from 9:00 am to 4:00 pm, with a 1 hour lunch break " "in the middle. This leaves 3 hours for the morning class and 3 hours for the " "afternoon class. Both sessions contain multiple breaks and time for students " "to work on exercises." msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course.md #, fuzzy msgid "Before you run the course, you will want to:" msgstr "Aby prowadzić kurs należy:" #: src/running-the-course.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Make yourself familiar with the course material. We've included speaker " "notes to help highlight the key points (please help us by contributing more " "speaker notes!). When presenting, you should make sure to open the speaker " "notes in a popup (click the link with a little arrow next to \"Speaker " "Notes\"). This way you have a clean screen to present to the class." msgstr "" "Zapoznaj się z materiałem kursu. Dołączyliśmy notatki prowadzącego na " "niektórych stronach, aby podkreślić kluczowe punkty (pomóż nam dodając " "więcej notatek dla prowadzącego!). Powinieneś upewnić się, że notatki są " "otwarte w wyskakującym okienku (kliknij łącze z małą strzałką obok „Notatki " "Prowadzącego\"). W ten sposób masz czysty ekran do zaprezentowania klasie." #: src/running-the-course.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Decide on the dates. Since the course takes four days, we recommend that you " "schedule the days over two weeks. Course participants have said that they " "find it helpful to have a gap in the course since it helps them process all " "the information we give them." msgstr "" "Zdecyduj o datach. Ponieważ kurs jest duży, zalecamy zaplanowanie czterech " "dni w przeciągu dwóch tygodni. Uczestnicy kursu uważają, że luka w kursie " "jest pomocna, ponieważ pomaga im przetworzyć wszystkie informacje, które im " "przekazujemy." #: src/running-the-course.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Find a room large enough for your in-person participants. We recommend a " "class size of 15-25 people. That's small enough that people are comfortable " "asking questions --- it's also small enough that one instructor will have " "time to answer the questions. Make sure the room has _desks_ for yourself " "and for the students: you will all need to be able to sit and work with your " "laptops. In particular, you will be doing a lot of live-coding as an " "instructor, so a lectern won't be very helpful for you." msgstr "" "Znajdź pokój wystarczająco duży dla uczestników. Polecamy grupy w wielkości " "15-20 osób. To na tyle mało, że ludzie czują się komfortowo w zadawaniu " "pytań --- jest również na tyle mało, że jeden prowadzący będzie miał czas na " "odpowiedzenie na pytania." #: src/running-the-course.md msgid "" "On the day of your course, show up to the room a little early to set things " "up. We recommend presenting directly using `mdbook serve` running on your " "laptop (see the [installation instructions](https://github.com/google/" "comprehensive-rust#building)). This ensures optimal performance with no lag " "as you change pages. Using your laptop will also allow you to fix typos as " "you or the course participants spot them." msgstr "" "W dniu kursu przyjdź na salę nieco wcześniej, aby wszystko ustawić. Zalecamy " "prezentację bezpośrednio przy użyciu `mdbook serve` uruchomionego na twoim " "laptopie (zobacz [instrukcja instalacji](https://github.com/google/" "comprehensive-rust#building)). Zapewnia to optymalną wydajność bez opóźnień " "podczas zmiany stron. Korzystanie z laptopa pozwoli Ci również poprawiać " "literówki jak ty lub uczestnicy kursu je dostrzegą." #: src/running-the-course.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Let people solve the exercises by themselves or in small groups. We " "typically spend 30-45 minutes on exercises in the morning and in the " "afternoon (including time to review the solutions). Make sure to ask people " "if they're stuck or if there is anything you can help with. When you see " "that several people have the same problem, call it out to the class and " "offer a solution, e.g., by showing people where to find the relevant " "information in the standard library." msgstr "" "Pozwól uczestnikom rozwiązywać ćwiczenia samodzielnie lub w małych grupach. " "Upewnij się, że pytasz uczestników, czy utknęli lub czy jest coś, w czym " "możesz pomóc. Gdy widzisz, że kilka osób ma ten sam problem, powiedz o tym " "klasie i zaoferuj rozwiązanie, np. pokazując gdzie znaleźć odpowiednie " "informacje w bibliotece standardowej." #: src/running-the-course.md msgid "" "That is all, good luck running the course! We hope it will be as much fun " "for you as it has been for us!" msgstr "" "To wszystko, powodzenia w prowadzeniu kursu! Mamy nadzieję, że będzie to dla " "Ciebie równie zabawne jak dla nas!" #: src/running-the-course.md msgid "" "Please [provide feedback](https://github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/" "discussions/86) afterwards so that we can keep improving the course. We " "would love to hear what worked well for you and what can be made better. " "Your students are also very welcome to [send us feedback](https://github.com/" "google/comprehensive-rust/discussions/100)!" msgstr "" "Prosimy o późniejsze [przekazanie opinii](https://github.com/google/" "comprehensive-rust/discussions/86), abyśmy mogli dalej ulepszać kurs. " "Chętnie dowiemy się, co sprawdziło się u Ciebie, a co można ulepszyć. " "Uczestników również zachęcamy do [przesłania nam swoich opinii](https://" "github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/discussions/100)!" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md #, fuzzy msgid "Rust Fundamentals" msgstr "Binaria Rusta" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "" "The first four days make up [Rust Fundamentals](../welcome-day-1.md). The " "days are fast paced and we cover a lot of ground!" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md #, fuzzy msgid "Course schedule:" msgstr "Struktura kursu" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "Day 1 Morning (3 hours, including breaks)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Welcome](../welcome-day-1.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Hello, World](../hello-world.md) (20 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Types and Values](../types-and-values.md) (1 hour and 5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Control Flow Basics](../control-flow-basics.md) (1 hour)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "Day 1 Afternoon (2 hours and 55 minutes, including breaks)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Tuples and Arrays](../tuples-and-arrays.md) (1 hour)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[References](../references.md) (50 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[User-Defined Types](../user-defined-types.md) (50 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "Day 2 Morning (3 hours and 5 minutes, including breaks)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Welcome](../welcome-day-2.md) (3 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md #, fuzzy msgid "[Pattern Matching](../pattern-matching.md) (50 minutes)" msgstr "" "Zobacz [dopasowywanie wzorców](../pattern-matching.md), aby uzyskać więcej " "informacji na temat wzorców w Rdza." #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Methods and Traits](../methods-and-traits.md) (55 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Generics](../generics.md) (45 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md #, fuzzy msgid "Day 2 Afternoon (3 hours, including breaks)" msgstr "Dzień 2 Ćwiczenia popołudniowe" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Standard Library Types](../std-types.md) (1 hour and 10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Standard Library Traits](../std-traits.md) (1 hour and 40 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "Day 3 Morning (2 hours and 15 minutes, including breaks)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Welcome](../welcome-day-3.md) (3 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Memory Management](../memory-management.md) (1 hour and 10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Smart Pointers](../smart-pointers.md) (45 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "Day 3 Afternoon (2 hours and 20 minutes, including breaks)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Borrowing](../borrowing.md) (1 hour)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "" "[Slices and Lifetimes](../slices-and-lifetimes.md) (1 hour and 10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "Day 4 Morning (3 hours and 5 minutes, including breaks)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Welcome](../welcome-day-4.md) (3 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Iterators](../iterators.md) (45 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Modules](../modules.md) (40 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Testing](../testing.md) (1 hour and 5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "Day 4 Afternoon (2 hours, including breaks)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Error Handling](../error-handling.md) (45 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "[Unsafe Rust](../unsafe-rust.md) (1 hour and 5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "Deep Dives" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "" "In addition to the 4-day class on Rust Fundamentals, we cover some more " "specialized topics:" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md #, fuzzy msgid "Rust in Android" msgstr "Binaria Rusta" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "" "The [Rust in Android](../android.md) deep dive is a half-day course on using " "Rust for Android platform development. This includes interoperability with " "C, C++, and Java." msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You will need an [AOSP checkout](https://source.android.com/docs/setup/" "download/downloading). Make a checkout of the [course repository](https://" "github.com/google/comprehensive-rust) on the same machine and move the `src/" "android/` directory into the root of your AOSP checkout. This will ensure " "that the Android build system sees the `Android.bp` files in `src/android/`." msgstr "" "Jeśli nie pomijasz części związanych z Androidem w dniu 4, będziesz " "potrzebować [AOSP](https://source.android.com/docs/setup/download/" "downloading). Ściągnij [repozytorium kursu](https://github.com/google/" "comprehensive-rust) na tym samym komputerze i przenieś katalog `src/android/" "` do katalogu głównego AOSP. Zapewni to, że system kompilacji Androida " "zobaczy pliki `Android.bp` w `src/android/`." #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "" "Ensure that `adb sync` works with your emulator or real device and pre-build " "all Android examples using `src/android/build_all.sh`. Read the script to " "see the commands it runs and make sure they work when you run them by hand." msgstr "" "Upewnij się, że `adb sync` działa z twoim emulatorem lub prawdziwym " "urządzeniem i prekompiluj wszystkie przykłady Androida używając `src/android/" "build_all.sh`. Przeczytaj skrypt, żeby zobaczyć polecenia, które uruchamia, " "i upewnij się, że działają, gdy uruchamiasz je ręcznie." #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md #, fuzzy msgid "Rust in Chromium" msgstr "Binaria Rusta" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "" "The [Rust in Chromium](../chromium.md) deep dive is a half-day course on " "using Rust as part of the Chromium browser. It includes using Rust in " "Chromium's `gn` build system, bringing in third-party libraries (\"crates\") " "and C++ interoperability." msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "" "You will need to be able to build Chromium --- a debug, component build is " "[recommended](../chromium/setup.md) for speed but any build will work. " "Ensure that you can run the Chromium browser that you've built." msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "Bare-Metal Rust" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "" "The [Bare-Metal Rust](../bare-metal.md) deep dive is a full day class on " "using Rust for bare-metal (embedded) development. Both microcontrollers and " "application processors are covered." msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "" "For the microcontroller part, you will need to buy the [BBC micro:bit]" "(https://microbit.org/) v2 development board ahead of time. Everybody will " "need to install a number of packages as described on the [welcome page](../" "bare-metal.md)." msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md #, fuzzy msgid "Concurrency in Rust" msgstr "Współbieżność" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "" "The [Concurrency in Rust](../concurrency.md) deep dive is a full day class " "on classical as well as `async`/`await` concurrency." msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "" "You will need a fresh crate set up and the dependencies downloaded and ready " "to go. You can then copy/paste the examples into `src/main.rs` to experiment " "with them:" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "Format" msgstr "Format" #: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md msgid "" "The course is meant to be very interactive and we recommend letting the " "questions drive the exploration of Rust!" msgstr "" "Kurs ma być bardzo interaktywny i zalecamy pozwalanie żeby pytania napędzały " "eksplorację Rusta!" #: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md msgid "There are several useful keyboard shortcuts in mdBook:" msgstr "Istnieje kilka przydatnych skrótów klawiaturowych w mdBook:" #: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md msgid "Arrow-Left" msgstr "Strzałka w lewo" #: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md msgid ": Navigate to the previous page." msgstr ": Przejdź do poprzedniej strony." #: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md msgid "Arrow-Right" msgstr "Strzałka w prawo" #: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md msgid ": Navigate to the next page." msgstr ": Przejdź do następnej strony." #: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md src/cargo/code-samples.md msgid "Ctrl + Enter" msgstr "Ctrl + Enter" #: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md msgid ": Execute the code sample that has focus." msgstr ": Wykonaj przykładowy kod, który ma fokus." #: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md msgid "s" msgstr "s" #: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md msgid ": Activate the search bar." msgstr ": Aktywuj pasek wyszukiwania." #: src/running-the-course/translations.md msgid "" "The course has been translated into other languages by a set of wonderful " "volunteers:" msgstr "" "Kurs został przetłumaczony na inne języki przez zespół cudownych " "wolontariuszy:" #: src/running-the-course/translations.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[Brazilian Portuguese](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/pt-BR/) " "by [@rastringer](https://github.com/rastringer), [@hugojacob](https://github." "com/hugojacob), [@joaovicmendes](https://github.com/joaovicmendes), and " "[@henrif75](https://github.com/henrif75)." msgstr "" "[brazylijski portugalski](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/pt-" "BR/) autorstwa [@rastringer](https://github.com/rastringer) i [@hugojacob]" "(https://github.com/hugojacob)." #: src/running-the-course/translations.md msgid "" "[Chinese (Simplified)](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/zh-CN/) " "by [@suetfei](https://github.com/suetfei), [@wnghl](https://github.com/" "wnghl), [@anlunx](https://github.com/anlunx), [@kongy](https://github.com/" "kongy), [@noahdragon](https://github.com/noahdragon), [@superwhd](https://" "github.com/superwhd), [@SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK), and [@nodmp]" "(https://github.com/nodmp)." msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/translations.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[Chinese (Traditional)](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/zh-TW/) " "by [@hueich](https://github.com/hueich), [@victorhsieh](https://github.com/" "victorhsieh), [@mingyc](https://github.com/mingyc), [@kuanhungchen](https://" "github.com/kuanhungchen), and [@johnathan79717](https://github.com/" "johnathan79717)." msgstr "" "[brazylijski portugalski](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/pt-" "BR/) autorstwa [@rastringer](https://github.com/rastringer) i [@hugojacob]" "(https://github.com/hugojacob)." #: src/running-the-course/translations.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[Korean](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/ko/) by [@keispace]" "(https://github.com/keispace), [@jiyongp](https://github.com/jiyongp), and " "[@jooyunghan](https://github.com/jooyunghan)." msgstr "" "[koreański](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/ko/) autorstwa " "[@keispace](https://github.com/keispace), [@jiyongp](https://github.com/" "jiyongp) i [@jooyunghan](https://github.com/jooyunghan)." #: src/running-the-course/translations.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[Spanish](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/es/) by [@deavid]" "(https://github.com/deavid)." msgstr "" "[brazylijski portugalski](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/pt-" "BR/) autorstwa [@rastringer](https://github.com/rastringer) i [@hugojacob]" "(https://github.com/hugojacob)." #: src/running-the-course/translations.md msgid "" "Use the language picker in the top-right corner to switch between languages." msgstr "" "Użyj selektora języka w prawym górnym rogu, aby przełączać się między " "językami." #: src/running-the-course/translations.md #, fuzzy msgid "Incomplete Translations" msgstr "Tłumaczenia" #: src/running-the-course/translations.md msgid "" "There is a large number of in-progress translations. We link to the most " "recently updated translations:" msgstr "" #: src/running-the-course/translations.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[Bengali](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/bn/) by [@raselmandol]" "(https://github.com/raselmandol)." msgstr "" "[brazylijski portugalski](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/pt-" "BR/) autorstwa [@rastringer](https://github.com/rastringer) i [@hugojacob]" "(https://github.com/hugojacob)." #: src/running-the-course/translations.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[French](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/fr/) by [@KookaS]" "(https://github.com/KookaS) and [@vcaen](https://github.com/vcaen)." msgstr "" "[brazylijski portugalski](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/pt-" "BR/) autorstwa [@rastringer](https://github.com/rastringer) i [@hugojacob]" "(https://github.com/hugojacob)." #: src/running-the-course/translations.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[German](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/de/) by [@Throvn]" "(https://github.com/Throvn) and [@ronaldfw](https://github.com/ronaldfw)." msgstr "" "[brazylijski portugalski](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/pt-" "BR/) autorstwa [@rastringer](https://github.com/rastringer) i [@hugojacob]" "(https://github.com/hugojacob)." #: src/running-the-course/translations.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[Japanese](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/ja/) by [@CoinEZ-JPN]" "(https://github.com/CoinEZ) and [@momotaro1105](https://github.com/" "momotaro1105)." msgstr "" "[brazylijski portugalski](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/pt-" "BR/) autorstwa [@rastringer](https://github.com/rastringer) i [@hugojacob]" "(https://github.com/hugojacob)." #: src/running-the-course/translations.md msgid "" "If you want to help with this effort, please see [our instructions](https://" "github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/blob/main/TRANSLATIONS.md) for how to " "get going. Translations are coordinated on the [issue tracker](https://" "github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/issues/282)." msgstr "" "Jeśli chcesz w tym pomóc, zapoznaj się z [naszymi instrukcjami](https://" "github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/blob/main/TRANSLATIONS.md) aby " "dowiedzieć się, jak to zacząć. Tłumaczenia są koordynowane w [narzędziu do " "śledzenia problemów](https://github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/" "issues/282)." #: src/cargo.md msgid "" "When you start reading about Rust, you will soon meet [Cargo](https://doc." "rust-lang.org/cargo/), the standard tool used in the Rust ecosystem to build " "and run Rust applications. Here we want to give a brief overview of what " "Cargo is and how it fits into the wider ecosystem and how it fits into this " "training." msgstr "" "Kiedy zaczniesz czytać o Ruście, wkrótce poznasz [Cargo](https://doc.rust-" "lang.org/cargo/), jest to standardowe narzędzie używany w ekosystemie Rusta " "do tworzenia i uruchamiania aplikacji Rusta. Tutaj chcemy krótko opisać, " "czym jest Cargo i jak pasuje do szerszego ekosystemu i do tego szkolenia." #: src/cargo.md msgid "Installation" msgstr "Instalacja" #: src/cargo.md msgid "**Please follow the instructions on .**" msgstr "" #: src/cargo.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "This will give you the Cargo build tool (`cargo`) and the Rust compiler " "(`rustc`). You will also get `rustup`, a command line utility that you can " "use to install to different compiler versions." msgstr "" "Wraz z cargo i rustc, Rustup zainstaluje się jako narzędzie wiersza poleceń, " "którego można użyć do instalacji/przełączenia łańcuchów narzędzi, " "konfiguracji skrośnej kompilacji itp." #: src/cargo.md msgid "" "After installing Rust, you should configure your editor or IDE to work with " "Rust. Most editors do this by talking to [rust-analyzer](https://rust-" "analyzer.github.io/), which provides auto-completion and jump-to-definition " "functionality for [VS Code](https://code.visualstudio.com/), [Emacs](https://" "rust-analyzer.github.io/manual.html#emacs), [Vim/Neovim](https://rust-" "analyzer.github.io/manual.html#vimneovim), and many others. There is also a " "different IDE available called [RustRover](https://www.jetbrains.com/rust/)." msgstr "" #: src/cargo.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "On Debian/Ubuntu, you can also install Cargo, the Rust source and the [Rust " "formatter](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustfmt) via `apt`. However, this " "gets you an outdated rust version and may lead to unexpected behavior. The " "command would be:" msgstr "" "Na Debianie/Ubuntu możesz zainstalować Cargo, źródło Rusta i [narzędzie do " "formatowania Rusta](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustfmt) za pomocą" #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "The Rust Ecosystem" msgstr "Ekosystem Rusta" #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "" "The Rust ecosystem consists of a number of tools, of which the main ones are:" msgstr "Ekosystem Rusta składa się z wielu narzędzi, z których główne to:" #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "" "`rustc`: the Rust compiler which turns `.rs` files into binaries and other " "intermediate formats." msgstr "" "`rustc`: kompilator Rusta, który zmienia pliki `.rs` na pliki binarne i inne " "formaty pośrednie." #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`cargo`: the Rust dependency manager and build tool. Cargo knows how to " "download dependencies, usually hosted on , and it will " "pass them to `rustc` when building your project. Cargo also comes with a " "built-in test runner which is used to execute unit tests." msgstr "" "`cargo`: menedżer zależności Rusta i narzędzie do budowania. Cargo wie, jak " "pobrać zależności hostowane na i przekazać je do `rustc` " "podczas budowania projektu. Cargo ma również wbudowane narzędzie do " "uruchamiania testów, które jest używane do wykonywania testów jednostkowych." #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`rustup`: the Rust toolchain installer and updater. This tool is used to " "install and update `rustc` and `cargo` when new versions of Rust are " "released. In addition, `rustup` can also download documentation for the " "standard library. You can have multiple versions of Rust installed at once " "and `rustup` will let you switch between them as needed." msgstr "" "`rustup`: instalator i aktualizator pakietu narzędzi Rusta. To narzędzie " "służy do instalowania i aktualizacji `rustc` i `cargo`, gdy zostaną wydane " "nowe wersje Rusta. Ponadto `rustup` może również pobrać dokumentację " "biblioteki standardowej. Możesz mieć jednocześnie zainstalowanych wiele " "wersji Rusta i `rustup` pozwoli ci przełączać się między nimi w razie " "potrzeby." #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md src/hello-world/hello-world.md #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md src/references/exclusive.md #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md src/memory-management/move.md #: src/error-handling/try.md src/android/setup.md src/concurrency/threads.md #: src/async/async-await.md msgid "Key points:" msgstr "Kluczowe punkty:" #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "" "Rust has a rapid release schedule with a new release coming out every six " "weeks. New releases maintain backwards compatibility with old releases --- " "plus they enable new functionality." msgstr "" "Rust ma szybki harmonogram wydań z nową wersją co sześć tygodni. Nowe wersje " "zachowują kompatybilność wsteczną z starymi wersjami --- plus umożliwiają " "nowe funkcjonalności." #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "" "There are three release channels: \"stable\", \"beta\", and \"nightly\"." msgstr "" "Istnieją trzy kanały wydania: \"stable\" (\"stabilny\"), \"beta\" i " "\"nightly\" (\"nocny\")." #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "" "New features are being tested on \"nightly\", \"beta\" is what becomes " "\"stable\" every six weeks." msgstr "" "Nowe funkcje są testowane na \"nightly\", \"beta\" jest tym, co staje się " "\"stable\" co sześć tygodni." #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "" "Dependencies can also be resolved from alternative [registries](https://doc." "rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/registries.html), git, folders, and more." msgstr "" #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "" "Rust also has [editions](https://doc.rust-lang.org/edition-guide/): the " "current edition is Rust 2021. Previous editions were Rust 2015 and Rust 2018." msgstr "" "Rust ma również [edycje](https://doc.rust-lang.org/edition-guide/): obecna " "edycja to Rust 2021. Poprzednie edycje to Rust 2015 i Rust 2018." #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "" "The editions are allowed to make backwards incompatible changes to the " "language." msgstr "Edycje mogą wprowadzać do języka zmiany niekompatybilne wstecznie." #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "" "To prevent breaking code, editions are opt-in: you select the edition for " "your crate via the `Cargo.toml` file." msgstr "" "Aby zapobiec niekompatybilności kodu, edycje są opcjonalne: wybierasz edycję " "swojej skrzyni za pomocą pliku `Cargo.toml`." #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "" "To avoid splitting the ecosystem, Rust compilers can mix code written for " "different editions." msgstr "" "Aby uniknąć podziału ekosystemu, kompilatory Rusta mogą mieszać kod napisany " "dla różnych edycji." #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "" "Mention that it is quite rare to ever use the compiler directly not through " "`cargo` (most users never do)." msgstr "" "Wspomnij, że dość rzadko używa się kompilatora bezpośrednio, a nie przez " "`cargo` (większość użytkowników nigdy tego nie robi)." #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "It might be worth alluding that Cargo itself is an extremely powerful and " "comprehensive tool. It is capable of many advanced features including but " "not limited to:" msgstr "" "Warto wspomnieć, że samo Cargo jest niezwykle potężnym i wszechstronnym " "narzędziem. Jest zdolne do wielu zaawansowanych funkcji, w tym między innymi:" #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "Project/package structure" msgstr "Struktura projektu/pakietu" #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "[workspaces](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/workspaces.html)" msgstr "" "[obszary robocze](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/workspaces.html)" #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "Dev Dependencies and Runtime Dependency management/caching" msgstr "Zarządzanie/buforowanie zależności" #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "" "[build scripting](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/build-scripts." "html)" msgstr "" "[tworzenie skryptów](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/build-scripts." "html)" #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "" "[global installation](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/commands/cargo-install." "html)" msgstr "" "[instalacja globalna](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/commands/cargo-install." "html)" #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "" "It is also extensible with sub command plugins as well (such as [cargo " "clippy](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-clippy))." msgstr "" "Jest również rozszerzalne za pomocą wtyczek poleceń podrzędnych (takich jak " "[cargo clippy](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-clippy))." #: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md msgid "" "Read more from the [official Cargo Book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/)" msgstr "" "Przeczytaj więcej w [oficjalnej księdze Cargo](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" "cargo/)" #: src/cargo/code-samples.md msgid "Code Samples in This Training" msgstr "Próbki kodu" #: src/cargo/code-samples.md msgid "" "For this training, we will mostly explore the Rust language through examples " "which can be executed through your browser. This makes the setup much easier " "and ensures a consistent experience for everyone." msgstr "" "Na tym szkoleniu będziemy głównie poznawać język Rust poprzez przykłady " "które można wykonać za pośrednictwem przeglądarki. To znacznie ułatwia " "konfigurację i zapewnia spójne wrażenia dla wszystkich." #: src/cargo/code-samples.md msgid "" "Installing Cargo is still encouraged: it will make it easier for you to do " "the exercises. On the last day, we will do a larger exercise which shows you " "how to work with dependencies and for that you need Cargo." msgstr "" "Nadal zachęcamy do instalowania Cargo: ułatwi ci to wykonanie ćwiczeń. " "Ostatniego dnia wykonamy większe ćwiczenie, które pokaże ci, jak pracować z " "zależnościami i do tego potrzebujesz Cargo." #: src/cargo/code-samples.md msgid "The code blocks in this course are fully interactive:" msgstr "Bloki kodu w tym kursie są w pełni interaktywne:" #: src/cargo/code-samples.md src/cargo/running-locally.md msgid "\"Edit me!\"" msgstr "" #: src/cargo/code-samples.md msgid "You can use " msgstr "Możesz użyć " #: src/cargo/code-samples.md msgid " to execute the code when focus is in the text box." msgstr ", aby wykonać kod, gdy fokus znajduje się w polu tekstowym." #: src/cargo/code-samples.md msgid "" "Most code samples are editable like shown above. A few code samples are not " "editable for various reasons:" msgstr "" "Większość przykładów kodu można edytować, jak pokazano powyżej. Kilku próbek " "kodu nie można edytować z różnych powodów:" #: src/cargo/code-samples.md msgid "" "The embedded playgrounds cannot execute unit tests. Copy-paste the code and " "open it in the real Playground to demonstrate unit tests." msgstr "" "Wbudowane playground nie mogą wykonywać testów jednostkowych. Kopiuj-wklej " "kod i otwórz go na prawdziwym Playground, aby zademonstrować testy " "jednostkowe." #: src/cargo/code-samples.md msgid "" "The embedded playgrounds lose their state the moment you navigate away from " "the page! This is the reason that the students should solve the exercises " "using a local Rust installation or via the Playground." msgstr "" "Wbudowane playground tracą swój stan w momencie nawigacji z dala od strony! " "To jest powód, dla którego uczniowie powinni rozwiązywać ćwiczenia " "korzystając z lokalnej instalacji Rusta lub za pośrednictwem prawdziwego " "Playground." #: src/cargo/running-locally.md msgid "Running Code Locally with Cargo" msgstr "Uruchamianie kodu lokalnie z Cargo" #: src/cargo/running-locally.md msgid "" "If you want to experiment with the code on your own system, then you will " "need to first install Rust. Do this by following the [instructions in the " "Rust Book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch01-01-installation.html). This " "should give you a working `rustc` and `cargo`. At the time of writing, the " "latest stable Rust release has these version numbers:" msgstr "" "Jeśli chcesz eksperymentować z kodem we własnym systemie, będziesz musieć " "najpierw zainstalować Rusta. Zrób to, postępując zgodnie z [instrukcjami w " "książce Język Programowania Rust](http://rust.w8.pl/book/ch01-01-" "installation.html). To powinno dać działające `rustc` i `cargo`. Aktualnie " "najnowsza stabilna wersja Rusta ma następujące numery wersji:" #: src/cargo/running-locally.md msgid "" "You can use any later version too since Rust maintains backwards " "compatibility." msgstr "" #: src/cargo/running-locally.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "With this in place, follow these steps to build a Rust binary from one of " "the examples in this training:" msgstr "" "Następnie wykonaj następujące kroki, aby zbudować plik binarny Rusta z " "jednego z przykładów w tym szkoleniu:" #: src/cargo/running-locally.md msgid "Click the \"Copy to clipboard\" button on the example you want to copy." msgstr "" "Kliknij przycisk „Kopiuj do schowka” na przykładzie, który chcesz skopiować." #: src/cargo/running-locally.md msgid "" "Use `cargo new exercise` to create a new `exercise/` directory for your code:" msgstr "" "Użyj polecenia `cargo new exercise`, aby utworzyć nowy katalog `exercise/` " "dla swojego kodu:" #: src/cargo/running-locally.md msgid "" "Navigate into `exercise/` and use `cargo run` to build and run your binary:" msgstr "" "Przejdź do `exercise/` i użyj `cargo run`, aby zbudować i uruchomić plik " "binarny:" #: src/cargo/running-locally.md msgid "" "Replace the boiler-plate code in `src/main.rs` with your own code. For " "example, using the example on the previous page, make `src/main.rs` look like" msgstr "" "Zastąp kod w `src/main.rs` własnym kodem. Na przykład, korzystając z " "przykładu na poprzedniej stronie, spraw, aby `src/main.rs` wyglądał tak" #: src/cargo/running-locally.md msgid "Use `cargo run` to build and run your updated binary:" msgstr "" "Użyj polecenia `cargo run`, aby zbudować i uruchomić zaktualizowany plik " "binarny:" #: src/cargo/running-locally.md msgid "" "Use `cargo check` to quickly check your project for errors, use `cargo " "build` to compile it without running it. You will find the output in `target/" "debug/` for a normal debug build. Use `cargo build --release` to produce an " "optimized release build in `target/release/`." msgstr "" "Użyj `cargo check`, aby szybko sprawdzić swój projekt pod kątem błędów, użyj " "`cargo build` aby skompilować go bez uruchamiania. Dane wyjściowe znajdziesz " "w `target/debug/` dla normalnej kompilacji do debugowania. Użyj polecenia " "`cargo build --release`, aby utworzyć zoptymalizowany plik do wydania w " "`target/release/`." #: src/cargo/running-locally.md msgid "" "You can add dependencies for your project by editing `Cargo.toml`. When you " "run `cargo` commands, it will automatically download and compile missing " "dependencies for you." msgstr "" "Możesz dodać zależności dla swojego projektu, edytując `Cargo.toml`. Kiedy " "uruchamiasz polecenia `cargo`, Cargo automatycznie pobierze i skompiluje " "brakujące zależności dla Ciebie." #: src/cargo/running-locally.md msgid "" "Try to encourage the class participants to install Cargo and use a local " "editor. It will make their life easier since they will have a normal " "development environment." msgstr "" "Spróbuj zachęcić uczestników zajęć do zainstalowania Cargo i korzystania z " "edytora tekstu. Ułatwi im to życie, ponieważ będą mieli normalne środowisko " "programistyczne." #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "Welcome to Day 1" msgstr "Witamy w dniu 1" #: src/welcome-day-1.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "This is the first day of Rust Fundamentals. We will cover a lot of ground " "today:" msgstr "To pierwszy dzień Comprehensive Rust. Przerobimy dziś dużo materiału:" #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "" "Basic Rust syntax: variables, scalar and compound types, enums, structs, " "references, functions, and methods." msgstr "" "Podstawowa składnia Rusta: zmienne, typy skalarne i złożone, wyliczenia, " "struktury, referencje, funkcje i metody." #: src/welcome-day-1.md #, fuzzy msgid "Types and type inference." msgstr "Wnioskowanie typów" #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "Control flow constructs: loops, conditionals, and so on." msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "User-defined types: structs and enums." msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-1.md #, fuzzy msgid "Pattern matching: destructuring enums, structs, and arrays." msgstr "Dopasowywanie wzorców: destrukturyzacja wyliczeń, struktur i tablic." #: src/welcome-day-1.md src/welcome-day-2.md src/welcome-day-3.md #: src/welcome-day-4.md msgid "Schedule" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-1.md src/welcome-day-1-afternoon.md src/welcome-day-2.md #: src/welcome-day-2-afternoon.md src/welcome-day-3.md #: src/welcome-day-3-afternoon.md src/welcome-day-4.md #: src/welcome-day-4-afternoon.md msgid "In this session:" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "[Welcome](./welcome-day-1.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "[Hello, World](./hello-world.md) (20 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "[Types and Values](./types-and-values.md) (1 hour and 5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "[Control Flow Basics](./control-flow-basics.md) (1 hour)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-1.md src/welcome-day-2-afternoon.md msgid "Including 10 minute breaks, this session should take about 3 hours" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "Please remind the students that:" msgstr "Proszę przypomnieć uczniom, że:" #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "" "They should ask questions when they get them, don't save them to the end." msgstr "" "Powinni zadawać pytania, kiedy je dostaną, nich ich nie zachowują do końca." #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "" "The class is meant to be interactive and discussions are very much " "encouraged!" msgstr "Klasa ma być interaktywna, a dyskusje są bardzo mile widziane!" #: src/welcome-day-1.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "As an instructor, you should try to keep the discussions relevant, i.e., " "keep the discussions related to how Rust does things vs some other language. " "It can be hard to find the right balance, but err on the side of allowing " "discussions since they engage people much more than one-way communication." msgstr "" "Jako prowadzący powinieneś starać się, aby dyskusje były istotne, tj. " "zachowaj związek z tym, jak Rust robi rzeczy w porównaniu z innym językiem. " "Może być ciężko znaleźć właściwą równowagę, ale skłaniaj się do zezwalania " "na dyskusje ponieważ angażują ludzi znacznie bardziej niż jednokierunkowa " "komunikacja." #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "" "The questions will likely mean that we talk about things ahead of the slides." msgstr "" "Pytania prawdopodobnie oznaczają, że rozmawiamy o rzeczach przed slajdami." #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "" "This is perfectly okay! Repetition is an important part of learning. " "Remember that the slides are just a support and you are free to skip them as " "you like." msgstr "" "To jest całkowicie w porządku! Powtarzanie jest ważną częścią uczenia się. " "Pamiętaj, że slajdy są tylko wsparciem i jeżeli chcesz to możesz je pominąć." #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "" "The idea for the first day is to show the \"basic\" things in Rust that " "should have immediate parallels in other languages. The more advanced parts " "of Rust come on the subsequent days." msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-1.md msgid "" "If you're teaching this in a classroom, this is a good place to go over the " "schedule. Note that there is an exercise at the end of each segment, " "followed by a break. Plan to cover the exercise solution after the break. " "The times listed here are a suggestion in order to keep the course on " "schedule. Feel free to be flexible and adjust as necessary!" msgstr "" #: src/hello-world.md src/types-and-values.md src/control-flow-basics.md #: src/tuples-and-arrays.md src/references.md src/user-defined-types.md #: src/pattern-matching.md src/methods-and-traits.md src/generics.md #: src/std-types.md src/std-traits.md src/memory-management.md #: src/smart-pointers.md src/borrowing.md src/slices-and-lifetimes.md #: src/iterators.md src/modules.md src/testing.md src/error-handling.md #: src/unsafe-rust.md msgid "In this segment:" msgstr "" #: src/hello-world.md msgid "[What is Rust?](./hello-world/what-is-rust.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/hello-world.md msgid "[Hello, World](./hello-world/hello-world.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/hello-world.md msgid "[Benefits of Rust](./hello-world/benefits.md) (3 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/hello-world.md msgid "[Playground](./hello-world/playground.md) (2 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/hello-world.md msgid "This segment should take about 20 minutes" msgstr "" #: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md msgid "" "Rust is a new programming language which had its [1.0 release in 2015]" "(https://blog.rust-lang.org/2015/05/15/Rust-1.0.html):" msgstr "" "Rust to nowy język programowania, który miał swoje [wydanie 1.0 w 2015 roku]" "(https://blog.rust-lang.org/2015/05/15/Rust-1.0.html):" #: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md msgid "Rust is a statically compiled language in a similar role as C++" msgstr "Rust to język kompilowany statycznie, pełniący podobną rolę jak C++" #: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md msgid "`rustc` uses LLVM as its backend." msgstr "`rustc` używa LLVM jako backendu." #: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md msgid "" "Rust supports many [platforms and architectures](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" "nightly/rustc/platform-support.html):" msgstr "" "Rust obsługuje wiele [platform i architektur](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" "nightly/rustc/platform-support.html):" #: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md msgid "x86, ARM, WebAssembly, ..." msgstr "x86, ARM, WebAssembly, ..." #: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md msgid "Linux, Mac, Windows, ..." msgstr "Linux, Mac, Windows,..." #: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md msgid "Rust is used for a wide range of devices:" msgstr "Rust jest używany w szerokiej gamie urządzeń:" #: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md msgid "firmware and boot loaders," msgstr "firmware i bootloadery," #: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md msgid "smart displays," msgstr "inteligentne wyświetlacze," #: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md msgid "mobile phones," msgstr "telefony komórkowe," #: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md msgid "desktops," msgstr "komputery stacjonarne," #: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md msgid "servers." msgstr "serwery." #: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md msgid "Rust fits in the same area as C++:" msgstr "Rust pasuje do tego samego obszaru co C++:" #: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md msgid "High flexibility." msgstr "Wysoka elastyczność." #: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md msgid "High level of control." msgstr "Wysoki poziom kontroli." #: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Can be scaled down to very constrained devices such as microcontrollers." msgstr "" "Można skalować do bardzo ograniczonych urządzeń, takich jak telefony " "komórkowe." #: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md msgid "Has no runtime or garbage collection." msgstr "Nie ma biblioteki uruchomieniowej ani odśmiecania pamięci." #: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md msgid "Focuses on reliability and safety without sacrificing performance." msgstr "" "Koncentruje się na niezawodności i bezpieczeństwie bez poświęcania " "wydajności." #: src/hello-world/hello-world.md msgid "" "Let us jump into the simplest possible Rust program, a classic Hello World " "program:" msgstr "" "Przejdźmy do najprostszego możliwego programu Rust, klasycznego Hello World " "program:" #: src/hello-world/hello-world.md msgid "\"Hello 🌍!\"" msgstr "" #: src/hello-world/hello-world.md msgid "What you see:" msgstr "Co widać:" #: src/hello-world/hello-world.md msgid "Functions are introduced with `fn`." msgstr "Funkcje są wprowadzane za pomocą `fn`." #: src/hello-world/hello-world.md msgid "Blocks are delimited by curly braces like in C and C++." msgstr "Bloki są oddzielone nawiasami klamrowymi, jak w C i C++." #: src/hello-world/hello-world.md msgid "The `main` function is the entry point of the program." msgstr "Funkcja `main` jest punktem wejścia programu." #: src/hello-world/hello-world.md msgid "Rust has hygienic macros, `println!` is an example of this." msgstr "Rust ma higieniczne makra, `println!` jest tego przykładem." #: src/hello-world/hello-world.md msgid "Rust strings are UTF-8 encoded and can contain any Unicode character." msgstr "" "Łańcuchy znaków w Ruście są zakodowane w UTF-8 i mogą zawierać dowolne znaki " "Unicode." #: src/hello-world/hello-world.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "This slide tries to make the students comfortable with Rust code. They will " "see a ton of it over the next four days so we start small with something " "familiar." msgstr "" "Ten slajd ma na celu zapoznanie uczniów z kodem Rusta. Zobaczą tego dużo w " "ciągu następnych czterech dni, więc zaczniemy od czegoś znajomego." #: src/hello-world/hello-world.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust is very much like other languages in the C/C++/Java tradition. It is " "imperative and it doesn't try to reinvent things unless absolutely necessary." msgstr "" "Rust jest bardzo podobny do innych języków w tradycji C/C++/Java. Jest " "imperatywny (nie funkcjonalny) i nie próbuje wymyślać rzeczy na nowo jeśli " "nie ma takiej potrzeby." #: src/hello-world/hello-world.md msgid "Rust is modern with full support for things like Unicode." msgstr "Rust jest nowoczesny, ma pełne wsparcie dla rzeczy takich jak Unicode." #: src/hello-world/hello-world.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust uses macros for situations where you want to have a variable number of " "arguments (no function [overloading](../control-flow-basics/functions.md))." msgstr "" "Rust używa makr w sytuacjach, w których chcesz mieć zmienną liczbę argumenty " "(brak [przeciążania funkcji](basic-syntax/functions-interlude.md))." #: src/hello-world/hello-world.md msgid "" "Macros being 'hygienic' means they don't accidentally capture identifiers " "from the scope they are used in. Rust macros are actually only [partially " "hygienic](https://veykril.github.io/tlborm/decl-macros/minutiae/hygiene." "html)." msgstr "" #: src/hello-world/hello-world.md msgid "" "Rust is multi-paradigm. For example, it has powerful [object-oriented " "programming features](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch17-00-oop.html), and, " "while it is not a functional language, it includes a range of [functional " "concepts](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch13-00-functional-features.html)." msgstr "" #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "Some unique selling points of Rust:" msgstr "Niektóre unikalne zalety Rusta:" #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "" "_Compile time memory safety_ - whole classes of memory bugs are prevented at " "compile time" msgstr "" #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "No uninitialized variables." msgstr "Brak niezainicjowanych zmiennych." #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "No double-frees." msgstr "Brak podwójnych zwolnień pamięci." #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "No use-after-free." msgstr "Brak użycia po zwolnieniu." #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "No `NULL` pointers." msgstr "Brak wskaźników `NULL`." #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "No forgotten locked mutexes." msgstr "Żadnych zapomnianych zablokowanych muteksów." #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "No data races between threads." msgstr "Brak wyścigów danych między wątkami." #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "No iterator invalidation." msgstr "Brak unieważniania iteratora." #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "" "_No undefined runtime behavior_ - what a Rust statement does is never left " "unspecified" msgstr "" #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "Array access is bounds checked." msgstr "Zakres dostępu do tablicy jest sprawdzany." #: src/hello-world/benefits.md #, fuzzy msgid "Integer overflow is defined (panic or wrap-around)." msgstr "Zdefiniowano przepełnienie całkowitoliczbowe." #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "" "_Modern language features_ - as expressive and ergonomic as higher-level " "languages" msgstr "" #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "Enums and pattern matching." msgstr "Wyliczenia i dopasowywanie wzorców." #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "Generics." msgstr "Generyczne typy i funkcje." #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "No overhead FFI." msgstr "Brak narzutu przy FFI." #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "Zero-cost abstractions." msgstr "Abstrakcje o zerowych kosztach." #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "Great compiler errors." msgstr "Świetne błędy kompilatora." #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "Built-in dependency manager." msgstr "Wbudowany menedżer zależności." #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "Built-in support for testing." msgstr "Wbudowana obsługa testów." #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "Excellent Language Server Protocol support." msgstr "Doskonała obsługa protokołu serwera językowego." #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "" "Do not spend much time here. All of these points will be covered in more " "depth later." msgstr "" #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "" "Make sure to ask the class which languages they have experience with. " "Depending on the answer you can highlight different features of Rust:" msgstr "" "Pamiętaj, aby zapytać klasę, z jakimi językami mają doświadczenie. W " "zależności od odpowiedzi możesz wyróżnić różne funkcje Rusta:" #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "" "Experience with C or C++: Rust eliminates a whole class of _runtime errors_ " "via the borrow checker. You get performance like in C and C++, but you don't " "have the memory unsafety issues. In addition, you get a modern language with " "constructs like pattern matching and built-in dependency management." msgstr "" "Doświadczenie z C lub C++: Rust eliminuje całą klasę błędów _w czasie " "działania_ za pośrednictwem nadzorcy pożyczania. Otrzymujesz wydajność jak w " "C i C++, ale bez problemów z bezpieczeństwem pamięci. Ponadto otrzymujesz " "nowoczesny język z konstrukcjami, jak dopasowywanie wzorców i wbudowane " "zarządzanie zależnościami." #: src/hello-world/benefits.md msgid "" "Experience with Java, Go, Python, JavaScript...: You get the same memory " "safety as in those languages, plus a similar high-level language feeling. In " "addition you get fast and predictable performance like C and C++ (no garbage " "collector) as well as access to low-level hardware (should you need it)" msgstr "" "Doświadczenie z Javą, Go, Pythonem, JavaScript...: Otrzymujesz takie samo " "bezpieczeństwo pamięci jak w tych językach, plus podobne uczucie języka " "wysokiego poziomu. Ponadto otrzymujesz szybką i przewidywalną wydajność jak " "w C i C++ (bez Garbage Collectora) a także dostęp do sprzętu na niskim " "poziomie (jeśli go potrzebujesz)" #: src/hello-world/playground.md msgid "" "The [Rust Playground](https://play.rust-lang.org/) provides an easy way to " "run short Rust programs, and is the basis for the examples and exercises in " "this course. Try running the \"hello-world\" program it starts with. It " "comes with a few handy features:" msgstr "" #: src/hello-world/playground.md msgid "" "Under \"Tools\", use the `rustfmt` option to format your code in the " "\"standard\" way." msgstr "" #: src/hello-world/playground.md msgid "" "Rust has two main \"profiles\" for generating code: Debug (extra runtime " "checks, less optimization) and Release (fewer runtime checks, lots of " "optimization). These are accessible under \"Debug\" at the top." msgstr "" #: src/hello-world/playground.md msgid "" "If you're interested, use \"ASM\" under \"...\" to see the generated " "assembly code." msgstr "" #: src/hello-world/playground.md msgid "" "As students head into the break, encourage them to open up the playground " "and experiment a little. Encourage them to keep the tab open and try things " "out during the rest of the course. This is particularly helpful for advanced " "students who want to know more about Rust's optimizations or generated " "assembly." msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values.md msgid "[Variables](./types-and-values/variables.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values.md msgid "[Values](./types-and-values/values.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values.md msgid "[Arithmetic](./types-and-values/arithmetic.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values.md msgid "[Strings](./types-and-values/strings.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values.md msgid "[Type Inference](./types-and-values/inference.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values.md msgid "[Exercise: Fibonacci](./types-and-values/exercise.md) (30 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values.md src/testing.md src/unsafe-rust.md msgid "This segment should take about 1 hour and 5 minutes" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/variables.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust provides type safety via static typing. Variable bindings are made with " "`let`:" msgstr "" "Rust zapewnia bezpieczeństwo typów dzięki statycznemu typowaniu. Wiązania " "zmiennych są domyślnie niezmienne:" #: src/types-and-values/variables.md src/control-flow-basics/loops.md #: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md #: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md msgid "\"x: {x}\"" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/variables.md msgid "" "// x = 20;\n" " // println!(\"x: {x}\");\n" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/variables.md msgid "" "Uncomment the `x = 20` to demonstrate that variables are immutable by " "default. Add the `mut` keyword to allow changes." msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/variables.md msgid "" "The `i32` here is the type of the variable. This must be known at compile " "time, but type inference (covered later) allows the programmer to omit it in " "many cases." msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "" "Here are some basic built-in types, and the syntax for literal values of " "each type." msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/values.md src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md msgid "Types" msgstr "Typy" #: src/types-and-values/values.md src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "Literals" msgstr "Literały" #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "Signed integers" msgstr "Liczby całkowite ze znakiem" #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "`i8`, `i16`, `i32`, `i64`, `i128`, `isize`" msgstr "`i8`, `i16`, `i32`, `i64`, `i128`, `isize`" #: src/types-and-values/values.md #, fuzzy msgid "`-10`, `0`, `1_000`, `123_i64`" msgstr "`-10`, `0`, `1_000`, `123i64`" #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "Unsigned integers" msgstr "Liczby całkowite bez znaku" #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "`u8`, `u16`, `u32`, `u64`, `u128`, `usize`" msgstr "`u8`, `u16`, `u32`, `u64`, `u128`, `usize`" #: src/types-and-values/values.md #, fuzzy msgid "`0`, `123`, `10_u16`" msgstr "`0`, `123`, `10u16`" #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "Floating point numbers" msgstr "Liczby zmiennoprzecinkowe" #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "`f32`, `f64`" msgstr "`f32`, `f64`" #: src/types-and-values/values.md #, fuzzy msgid "`3.14`, `-10.0e20`, `2_f32`" msgstr "`3.14`, `-10.0e20`, `2f32`" #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "Unicode scalar values" msgstr "Wartości skalarne Unicode" #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "`char`" msgstr "`char`" #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "`'a'`, `'α'`, `'∞'`" msgstr "`'a'`, `'α'`, `'∞'`" #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "Booleans" msgstr "Logiczne" #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "`bool`" msgstr "`bool`" #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "`true`, `false`" msgstr "`true`, `false`" #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "The types have widths as follows:" msgstr "Typy mają następujące rozmiary:" #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "`iN`, `uN`, and `fN` are _N_ bits wide," msgstr "`iN`, `uN` i `fN` mają wielkość _N_ bitów," #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "`isize` and `usize` are the width of a pointer," msgstr "`isize` i `usize` mają wielkość wskaźnika," #: src/types-and-values/values.md #, fuzzy msgid "`char` is 32 bits wide," msgstr "`char` ma 32 bitów," #: src/types-and-values/values.md #, fuzzy msgid "`bool` is 8 bits wide." msgstr "`bool` ma 8 bitów." #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "There are a few syntaxes which are not shown above:" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/values.md msgid "" "All underscores in numbers can be left out, they are for legibility only. So " "`1_000` can be written as `1000` (or `10_00`), and `123_i64` can be written " "as `123i64`." msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md msgid "\"result: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md msgid "" "This is the first time we've seen a function other than `main`, but the " "meaning should be clear: it takes three integers, and returns an integer. " "Functions will be covered in more detail later." msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md msgid "Arithmetic is very similar to other languages, with similar precedence." msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md msgid "" "What about integer overflow? In C and C++ overflow of _signed_ integers is " "actually undefined, and might do different things on different platforms or " "compilers. In Rust, it's defined." msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md msgid "" "Change the `i32`'s to `i16` to see an integer overflow, which panics " "(checked) in a debug build and wraps in a release build. There are other " "options, such as overflowing, saturating, and carrying. These are accessed " "with method syntax, e.g., `(a * b).saturating_add(b * c).saturating_add(c * " "a)`." msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md msgid "" "In fact, the compiler will detect overflow of constant expressions, which is " "why the example requires a separate function." msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/strings.md msgid "" "Rust has two types to represent strings, both of which will be covered in " "more depth later. Both _always_ store UTF-8 encoded strings." msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/strings.md #, fuzzy msgid "`String` - a modifiable, owned string." msgstr "`String` to zmienny bufor łańcucha znaków." #: src/types-and-values/strings.md msgid "`&str` - a read-only string. String literals have this type." msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/strings.md msgid "\"Greetings\"" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/strings.md msgid "\"🪐\"" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/strings.md msgid "\", \"" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/strings.md msgid "\"final sentence: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/strings.md src/async/control-flow/join.md msgid "\"{:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/strings.md msgid "//println!(\"{:?}\", &sentence[12..13]);\n" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/strings.md msgid "" "This slide introduces strings. Everything here will be covered in more depth " "later, but this is enough for subsequent slides and exercises to use strings." msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/strings.md msgid "Invalid UTF-8 in a string is UB, and this not allowed in safe Rust." msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/strings.md msgid "" "`String` is a user-defined type with a constructor (`::new()`) and methods " "like `s.push_str(..)`." msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/strings.md msgid "" "The `&` in `&str` indicates that this is a reference. We will cover " "references later, so for now just think of `&str` as a unit meaning \"a read-" "only string\"." msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/strings.md msgid "" "The commented-out line is indexing into the string by byte position. " "`12..13` does not end on a character boundary, so the program panics. Adjust " "it to a range that does, based on the error message." msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/strings.md msgid "" "Raw strings allow you to create a `&str` value with escapes disabled: " "`r\"\\n\" == \"\\\\n\"`. You can embed double-quotes by using an equal " "amount of `#` on either side of the quotes:" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/inference.md msgid "Rust will look at how the variable is _used_ to determine the type:" msgstr "" "Rust sprawdzi, w jaki sposób zmienna jest _używana_ do określenia typu:" #: src/types-and-values/inference.md msgid "" "This slide demonstrates how the Rust compiler infers types based on " "constraints given by variable declarations and usages." msgstr "" "Ten slajd pokazuje, w jaki sposób kompilator Rusta wnioskuje o typach na " "podstawie ograniczeń nałożonych przez deklaracje i zastosowania zmiennych." #: src/types-and-values/inference.md msgid "" "It is very important to emphasize that variables declared like this are not " "of some sort of dynamic \"any type\" that can hold any data. The machine " "code generated by such declaration is identical to the explicit declaration " "of a type. The compiler does the job for us and helps us write more concise " "code." msgstr "" "Bardzo ważne jest podkreślenie, że zmienne zadeklarowane w ten sposób nie są " "jakimś dynamicznym „dowolnym typem”, który może przechowywać dowolne dane. " "Kod maszynowy generowany przez taką deklarację jest identyczny z jawną " "deklaracją typu. Kompilator wykonuje to za nas i pomaga nam pisać bardziej " "zwięzły kod." #: src/types-and-values/inference.md msgid "" "When nothing constrains the type of an integer literal, Rust defaults to " "`i32`. This sometimes appears as `{integer}` in error messages. Similarly, " "floating-point literals default to `f64`." msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/inference.md msgid "// ERROR: no implementation for `{float} == {integer}`\n" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/exercise.md msgid "" "The first and second Fibonacci numbers are both `1`. For n>2, the n'th " "Fibonacci number is calculated recursively as the sum of the n-1'th and " "n-2'th Fibonacci numbers." msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/exercise.md msgid "" "Write a function `fib(n)` that calculates the n'th Fibonacci number. When " "will this function panic?" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/exercise.md msgid "// The base case.\n" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/exercise.md src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"Implement this\"" msgstr "Implementacja" #: src/types-and-values/exercise.md msgid "// The recursive case.\n" msgstr "" #: src/types-and-values/exercise.md src/types-and-values/solution.md msgid "\"fib(n) = {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics.md msgid "[Conditionals](./control-flow-basics/conditionals.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics.md msgid "[Loops](./control-flow-basics/loops.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics.md msgid "" "[break and continue](./control-flow-basics/break-continue.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics.md msgid "" "[Blocks and Scopes](./control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics.md msgid "[Functions](./control-flow-basics/functions.md) (3 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics.md msgid "[Macros](./control-flow-basics/macros.md) (2 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics.md msgid "" "[Exercise: Collatz Sequence](./control-flow-basics/exercise.md) (30 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics.md src/tuples-and-arrays.md src/borrowing.md msgid "This segment should take about 1 hour" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md msgid "Much of the Rust syntax will be familiar to you from C, C++ or Java:" msgstr "Większość składni Rusta będzie Ci znana z C, C++ lub Javy:" #: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md #, fuzzy msgid "Blocks are delimited by curly braces." msgstr "Bloki i zakresy są oddzielone nawiasami klamrowymi." #: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md msgid "" "Line comments are started with `//`, block comments are delimited by `/* ... " "*/`." msgstr "" "Komentarze wierszowe rozpoczynają się od `//`, komentarze blokowe są " "rozdzielane przez `/*... */`." #: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md msgid "Keywords like `if` and `while` work the same." msgstr "Słowa kluczowe, takie jak `if` i `while`, działają tak samo." #: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md msgid "Variable assignment is done with `=`, comparison is done with `==`." msgstr "" "Przypisanie zmiennej odbywa się za pomocą `=`, porównanie za pomocą `==`." #: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md #, fuzzy msgid "`if` expressions" msgstr "wyrażenia `jeśli`" #: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md msgid "" "You use [`if` expressions](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/" "if-expr.html#if-expressions) exactly like `if` statements in other languages:" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md msgid "\"small\"" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md msgid "\"biggish\"" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md msgid "\"huge\"" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "In addition, you can use `if` as an expression. The last expression of each " "block becomes the value of the `if` expression:" msgstr "Ponadto możesz użyć go jako wyrażenia. Robi to samo, co powyżej:" #: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md msgid "\"large\"" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md msgid "\"number size: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md msgid "" "Because `if` is an expression and must have a particular type, both of its " "branch blocks must have the same type. Show what happens if you add `;` " "after `\"small\"` in the second example." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md msgid "" "When `if` is used in an expression, the expression must have a `;` to " "separate it from the next statement. Remove the `;` before `println!` to see " "the compiler error." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md msgid "There are three looping keywords in Rust: `while`, `loop`, and `for`:" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md #, fuzzy msgid "`while`" msgstr "Wyrażenia `while`" #: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The [`while` keyword](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/loop-" "expr.html#predicate-loops) works much like in other languages, executing the " "loop body as long as the condition is true." msgstr "" "Podobnie jak w przypadku `if`, istnieje wariant `while let`, który " "wielokrotnie sprawdza wartość wbrew wzorowi:" #: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md msgid "\"Final x: {x}\"" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md #, fuzzy msgid "`for`" msgstr "Pętle `for`" #: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The [`for` loop](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/keyword.for.html) iterates " "over ranges of values:" msgstr "" "[`Drop`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Drop.html) używane do " "definiowania destruktorów." #: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md msgid "`loop`" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The [`loop` statement](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/keyword.loop.html) just " "loops forever, until a `break`." msgstr "" "[`Drop`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Drop.html) używane do " "definiowania destruktorów." #: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md msgid "\"{i}\"" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md msgid "" "We will discuss iteration later; for now, just stick to range expressions." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md msgid "" "Note that the `for` loop only iterates to `4`. Show the `1..=5` syntax for " "an inclusive range." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md msgid "" "If you want to exit any kind of loop early, use [`break`](https://doc.rust-" "lang.org/reference/expressions/loop-expr.html#break-expressions). For " "`loop`, this can take an optional expression that becomes the value of the " "`loop` expression." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md msgid "" "If you want to immediately start the next iteration use [`continue`](https://" "doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/loop-expr.html#continue-expressions)." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md msgid "\"{result}\"" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Both `continue` and `break` can optionally take a label argument which is " "used to break out of nested loops:" msgstr "" "Jeśli chcesz wyjść z pętli wcześniej, użyj `break`, jeśli chcesz natychmiast " "rozpocząć w następnej iteracji użyj polecenia „kontynuuj”. Zarówno " "`continue`, jak i `break` mogą opcjonalnie weź argument etykiety, który " "służy do wyrwania się z zagnieżdżonych pętli:" #: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md msgid "\"x: {x}, i: {i}\"" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "In this case we break the outer loop after 3 iterations of the inner loop." msgstr "" "W tym przypadku przerywamy zewnętrzną pętlę po 3 iteracjach wewnętrznej " "pętli." #: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md msgid "" "Note that `loop` is the only looping construct which returns a non-trivial " "value. This is because it's guaranteed to be entered at least once (unlike " "`while` and `for` loops)." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md msgid "Blocks" msgstr "Bloki" #: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "A block in Rust contains a sequence of expressions, enclosed by braces `{}`. " "Each block has a value and a type, which are those of the last expression of " "the block:" msgstr "Blok w Rust ma wartość i typ: wartość jest ostatnim wyrażeniem blok:" #: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md msgid "\"y: {y}\"" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md msgid "" "If the last expression ends with `;`, then the resulting value and type is " "`()`." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md msgid "Scopes and Shadowing" msgstr "Zakresy i przesłanianie" #: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md msgid "A variable's scope is limited to the enclosing block." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md msgid "" "You can shadow variables, both those from outer scopes and variables from " "the same scope:" msgstr "" "Możesz przesłaniać zmienne, zarówno te z zakresów zewnętrznych, jak i " "zmienne z tego samego zakresu:" #: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md msgid "\"before: {a}\"" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md src/std-traits/from-and-into.md #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "\"hello\"" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md msgid "\"inner scope: {a}\"" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md msgid "\"shadowed in inner scope: {a}\"" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md msgid "\"after: {a}\"" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You can show how the value of the block changes by changing the last line in " "the block. For instance, adding/removing a semicolon or using a `return`." msgstr "" "Możesz pokazać, jak zmienia się wartość bloku, zmieniając ostatnią linię w " "bloku. Na przykład dodanie/usunięcie średnika lub użycie zwrotu." #: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md msgid "" "Show that a variable's scope is limited by adding a `b` in the inner block " "in the last example, and then trying to access it outside that block." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Shadowing is different from mutation, because after shadowing both " "variable's memory locations exist at the same time. Both are available under " "the same name, depending where you use it in the code." msgstr "" "Definicja: Przesłanianie różni się od mutacji, ponieważ po przesłanianiu " "obie lokalizacje pamięci istnieją w tym samym czasie. Obie są dostępne pod " "tą samą nazwą, w zależności od tego, gdzie używasz ich w kodzie." #: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md #, fuzzy msgid "A shadowing variable can have a different type." msgstr "Zmienna przesłaniająca może mieć inny typ." #: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md msgid "" "Shadowing looks obscure at first, but is convenient for holding on to values " "after `.unwrap()`." msgstr "" "Przesłanianie na pierwszy rzut oka wygląda niejasno, ale jest wygodne do " "trzymania wartości po `.unwrap()`." #: src/control-flow-basics/functions.md msgid "" "Declaration parameters are followed by a type (the reverse of some " "programming languages), then a return type." msgstr "" "Deklarowane parametry są poprzedzają typ (na odwrót w porównaniu do " "niektórych języków programowania), potem zwracany typ." #: src/control-flow-basics/functions.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The last expression in a function body (or any block) becomes the return " "value. Simply omit the `;` at the end of the expression. The `return` " "keyword can be used for early return, but the \"bare value\" form is " "idiomatic at the end of a function (refactor `gcd` to use a `return`)." msgstr "" "Ostatnie wyrażenie w ciele funkcji (lub bloku) staje się zwracaną wartością. " "Wystarczy pominąć `;` na końcu wyrażenia." #: src/control-flow-basics/functions.md msgid "" "Some functions have no return value, and return the 'unit type', `()`. The " "compiler will infer this if the `-> ()` return type is omitted." msgstr "" "Niektóre funkcje nie zwracają wartości, ich zwracany typ to 'typ " "jednostkowy', `()`. Kompilator to wywnioskuje jeżeli `-> ()` jest pominięte." #: src/control-flow-basics/functions.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Overloading is not supported -- each function has a single implementation." msgstr "Każda funkcja ma jedną implementację:" #: src/control-flow-basics/functions.md msgid "" "Always takes a fixed number of parameters. Default arguments are not " "supported. Macros can be used to support variadic functions." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/functions.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Always takes a single set of parameter types. These types can be generic, " "which will be covered later." msgstr "Zawsze przyjmuje jeden zestaw typów parametrów." #: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md msgid "" "Macros are expanded into Rust code during compilation, and can take a " "variable number of arguments. They are distinguished by a `!` at the end. " "The Rust standard library includes an assortment of useful macros." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`println!(format, ..)` prints a line to standard output, applying formatting " "described in [`std::fmt`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/index.html)." msgstr "" "Przeciążanie operatora jest realizowane poprzez cechy w [`std::ops`](https://" "doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/index.html):" #: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md msgid "" "`format!(format, ..)` works just like `println!` but returns the result as a " "string." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md msgid "`dbg!(expression)` logs the value of the expression and returns it." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md msgid "" "`todo!()` marks a bit of code as not-yet-implemented. If executed, it will " "panic." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md msgid "" "`unreachable!()` marks a bit of code as unreachable. If executed, it will " "panic." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md msgid "\"{n}! = {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md msgid "" "The takeaway from this section is that these common conveniences exist, and " "how to use them. Why they are defined as macros, and what they expand to, is " "not especially critical." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md msgid "" "The course does not cover defining macros, but a later section will describe " "use of derive macros." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "" "The [Collatz Sequence](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collatz_conjecture) is " "defined as follows, for an arbitrary n" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "1" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid " greater than zero:" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "If _n" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "i" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "_ is 1, then the sequence terminates at _n" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "_." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "_ is even, then _n" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "i+1" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid " = n" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid " / 2_." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "_ is odd, then _n" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid " = 3 * n" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid " + 1_." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "For example, beginning with _n" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "_ = 3:" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "3 is odd, so _n" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "2" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "_ = 3 * 3 + 1 = 10;" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "10 is even, so _n" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "3" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "_ = 10 / 2 = 5;" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "5 is odd, so _n" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "4" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "_ = 3 * 5 + 1 = 16;" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "16 is even, so _n" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "5" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "_ = 16 / 2 = 8;" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "8 is even, so _n" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "6" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "_ = 8 / 2 = 4;" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "4 is even, so _n" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "7" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "_ = 4 / 2 = 2;" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "2 is even, so _n" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "8" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "_ = 1; and" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "the sequence terminates." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md msgid "" "Write a function to calculate the length of the collatz sequence for a given " "initial `n`." msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md src/control-flow-basics/solution.md msgid "/// Determine the length of the collatz sequence beginning at `n`.\n" msgstr "" #: src/control-flow-basics/solution.md src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md msgid "\"Length: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-1-afternoon.md src/welcome-day-2-afternoon.md #: src/welcome-day-3-afternoon.md src/welcome-day-4-afternoon.md #, fuzzy msgid "Welcome Back" msgstr "Witamy" #: src/welcome-day-1-afternoon.md msgid "[Tuples and Arrays](./tuples-and-arrays.md) (1 hour)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-1-afternoon.md msgid "[References](./references.md) (50 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-1-afternoon.md msgid "[User-Defined Types](./user-defined-types.md) (50 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-1-afternoon.md msgid "" "Including 10 minute breaks, this session should take about 2 hours and 55 " "minutes" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "" "[Tuples and Arrays](./tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "[Array Iteration](./tuples-and-arrays/iteration.md) (3 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "[Pattern Matching](./tuples-and-arrays/match.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "[Destructuring](./tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "[Exercise: Nested Arrays](./tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md) (30 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "" "Tuples and arrays are the first \"compound\" types we have seen. All " "elements of an array have the same type, while tuples can accommodate " "different types. Both types have a size fixed at compile time." msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md #: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md msgid "Arrays" msgstr "Tablice" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "`[T; N]`" msgstr "`[T; N]`" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "`[20, 30, 40]`, `[0; 3]`" msgstr "`[20, 30, 40]`, `[0; 3]`" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md #: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md msgid "Tuples" msgstr "Krotki" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "`()`, `(T,)`, `(T1, T2)`, ..." msgstr "`()`, `(T,)`, `(T1, T2)`, ..." #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "`()`, `('x',)`, `('x', 1.2)`, ..." msgstr "`()`, `('x',)`, `('x', 1.2)`, ..." #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "Array assignment and access:" msgstr "Przypisanie i dostęp do tablicy:" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "Tuple assignment and access:" msgstr "Przypisanie i dostęp do krotki:" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "Arrays:" msgstr "Tablice:" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "A value of the array type `[T; N]` holds `N` (a compile-time constant) " "elements of the same type `T`. Note that the length of the array is _part of " "its type_, which means that `[u8; 3]` and `[u8; 4]` are considered two " "different types. Slices, which have a size determined at runtime, are " "covered later." msgstr "" "Tablice mają elementy tego samego typu, `T`, i długość, `N`, która jest " "stałą czasu kompilacji. Zauważ, że długość tablicy to _część jej typu_, to " "znaczy, że `[u8; 3]` i `[u8; 4]` to dwa różne typy." #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "" "Try accessing an out-of-bounds array element. Array accesses are checked at " "runtime. Rust can usually optimize these checks away, and they can be " "avoided using unsafe Rust." msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "We can use literals to assign values to arrays." msgstr "Możemy użyć literałów do przypisania wartości do tablic." #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The `println!` macro asks for the debug implementation with the `?` format " "parameter: `{}` gives the default output, `{:?}` gives the debug output. " "Types such as integers and strings implement the default output, but arrays " "only implement the debug output. This means that we must use debug output " "here." msgstr "" "W funkcji main instrukcja print pyta o implementację do debugowania za " "pomocą parametru formatowania `?`: `{}` daje domyślne wyjście, `{:?}` daje " "wyjście do debugowania. Mogliśmy również użyć `{a}` i `{a:?}` bez określania " "wartości po łańcuchu formatującym." #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "" "Adding `#`, eg `{a:#?}`, invokes a \"pretty printing\" format, which can be " "easier to read." msgstr "" "Dodanie `#`, np. `{a:#?}`, wywołuje format \"ładnego druku\", który może być " "łatwiejszy do odczytania." #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "Tuples:" msgstr "Krotki:" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "Like arrays, tuples have a fixed length." msgstr "Podobnie jak tablice, krotki mają stałą długość." #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "Tuples group together values of different types into a compound type." msgstr "Krotki grupują wartości różnych typów w typ złożony." #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md msgid "" "Fields of a tuple can be accessed by the period and the index of the value, " "e.g. `t.0`, `t.1`." msgstr "" "Dostęp do pól krotki można uzyskać po kropce i indeksie wartości, np. `t.0`, " "`t.1`." #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The empty tuple `()` is also known as the \"unit type\". It is both a type, " "and the only valid value of that type --- that is to say both the type and " "its value are expressed as `()`. It is used to indicate, for example, that a " "function or expression has no return value, as we'll see in a future slide." msgstr "" "Pusta krotka `()` jest również znana jako \"typ jednostkowy\". Jest to " "zarówno typ, jak i jedyna poprawna wartość tego typu — to znaczy zarówno " "typ, jak i jego wartość są wyrażone jako `()`. Służy do wskazania, na " "przykład, że funkcja lub wyrażenie nie zwraca żadnej wartości, co zobaczymy " "na kolejnym slajdzie." #: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You can think of it as `void` that can be familiar to you from other " "programming languages." msgstr "" "Możesz myśleć o tym jako o „pustce” (ang. `void`), która może być ci znana z " "innych języków programowania." #: src/tuples-and-arrays/iteration.md msgid "The `for` statement supports iterating over arrays (but not tuples)." msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/iteration.md msgid "" "This functionality uses the `IntoIterator` trait, but we haven't covered " "that yet." msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/iteration.md msgid "" "The `assert_ne!` macro is new here. There are also `assert_eq!` and `assert!" "` macros. These are always checked while, debug-only variants like " "`debug_assert!` compile to nothing in release builds." msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The `match` keyword lets you match a value against one or more _patterns_. " "The comparisons are done from top to bottom and the first match wins." msgstr "" "Słowo kluczowe `match` pozwala dopasować wartość do jednego lub więcej " "_wzorców_. The porównania są wykonywane od góry do dołu, a pierwszy mecz " "wygrywa." #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md #, fuzzy msgid "The patterns can be simple values, similarly to `switch` in C and C++:" msgstr "Wzorce mogą być prostymi wartościami, podobnie jak `switch` w C i C++:" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md msgid "'x'" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md msgid "'q'" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md msgid "\"Quitting\"" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md src/std-traits/solution.md #: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "'a'" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md msgid "'s'" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md msgid "'w'" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md msgid "'d'" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md msgid "\"Moving around\"" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md src/error-handling/exercise.md #: src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "'0'" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md src/error-handling/exercise.md #: src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "'9'" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md msgid "\"Number input\"" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md msgid "\"Lowercase: {key}\"" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md msgid "\"Something else\"" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md msgid "" "The `_` pattern is a wildcard pattern which matches any value. The " "expressions _must_ be irrefutable, meaning that it covers every possibility, " "so `_` is often used as the final catch-all case." msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Match can be used as an expression. Just like `if`, each match arm must have " "the same type. The type is the last expression of the block, if any. In the " "example above, the type is `()`." msgstr "" "Podobnie jak `if let`, każde ramię dopasowania musi być tego samego typu. " "Typ jest ostatni wyrażenie bloku, jeśli istnieje. W powyższym przykładzie " "typem jest `()`." #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md msgid "" "A variable in the pattern (`key` in this example) will create a binding that " "can be used within the match arm." msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md msgid "A match guard causes the arm to match only if the condition is true." msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md src/methods-and-traits/methods.md #, fuzzy msgid "Key Points:" msgstr "Kluczowe punkty:" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You might point out how some specific characters are being used when in a " "pattern" msgstr "" "Możesz wskazać, w jaki sposób niektóre określone znaki są używane we wzorcu" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md #, fuzzy msgid "`|` as an `or`" msgstr "`|` jako `lub`" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md #, fuzzy msgid "`..` can expand as much as it needs to be" msgstr "`..` może rozwinąć się tak bardzo, jak to konieczne" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md #, fuzzy msgid "`1..=5` represents an inclusive range" msgstr "`1..=5` reprezentuje zakres włącznie" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md #, fuzzy msgid "`_` is a wild card" msgstr "`_` to symbol wieloznaczny" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Match guards as a separate syntax feature are important and necessary when " "we wish to concisely express more complex ideas than patterns alone would " "allow." msgstr "" "Osłony dopasowujące jako oddzielna funkcja składni są ważne i konieczne, gdy " "chcemy zwięźle wyrazić bardziej złożone idee, niż pozwalają na to same " "wzorce." #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "They are not the same as separate `if` expression inside of the match arm. " "An `if` expression inside of the branch block (after `=>`) happens after the " "match arm is selected. Failing the `if` condition inside of that block won't " "result in other arms of the original `match` expression being considered." msgstr "" "Nie są tym samym, co osobne wyrażenie `if` wewnątrz ramienia dopasowania. " "Wyrażenie `if` wewnątrz bloku rozgałęzienia (po `=>`) następuje po wybraniu " "ramienia dopasowania. Niepowodzenie warunku `if` wewnątrz tego bloku nie " "spowoduje powstania innych ramion oryginalnego wyrażenia „dopasuj”, które " "jest brane pod uwagę." #: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The condition defined in the guard applies to every expression in a pattern " "with an `|`." msgstr "" "Warunek zdefiniowany w strażniku dotyczy każdego wyrażenia we wzorcu ze " "znakiem `|`." #: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md msgid "" "Destructuring is a way of extracting data from a data structure by writing a " "pattern that is matched up to the data structure, binding variables to " "subcomponents of the data structure." msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md #, fuzzy msgid "You can destructure tuples and arrays by matching on their elements:" msgstr "Możesz niszczyć tablice, krotki i plasterki, dopasowując ich elementy:" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md msgid "\"on Y axis\"" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md msgid "\"on X axis\"" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md msgid "\"left of Y axis\"" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md msgid "\"below X axis\"" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md msgid "\"first quadrant\"" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md msgid "\"Tell me about {triple:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md msgid "\"First is 0, y = {y}, and z = {z}\"" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md msgid "\"First is 1 and the rest were ignored\"" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md msgid "\"All elements were ignored\"" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md msgid "Create a new array pattern using `_` to represent an element." msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md msgid "Add more values to the array." msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md msgid "" "Point out that how `..` will expand to account for different number of " "elements." msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md msgid "Show matching against the tail with patterns `[.., b]` and `[a@..,b]`" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md msgid "Arrays can contain other arrays:" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "What is the type of this variable?" msgstr "Jaki jest typ słowa w każdej pętli?" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Use an array such as the above to write a function `transpose` which will " "transpose a matrix (turn rows into columns):" msgstr "" "Użyj powyższego, aby napisać funkcję `pretty_print`, która ładnie drukuje " "macierz i funkcję `transpose`, która transponuje macierz (zamienia wiersze " "na kolumny):" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md msgid "Hard-code both functions to operate on 3 × 3 matrices." msgstr "Zakoduj na stałe obie funkcje, aby działały na macierzach 3 × 3." #: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md msgid "" "Copy the code below to and implement the " "functions:" msgstr "" "Skopiuj poniższy kod do i zaimplementuj " "funkcje:" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md src/borrowing/exercise.md #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "// TODO: remove this when you're done with your implementation.\n" msgstr "" "```rust\n" "// TODO: usuń to jak skończysz implementację.\n" "#![allow(unused_variables, dead_code)]\n" "```" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md src/tuples-and-arrays/solution.md msgid "// <-- the comment makes rustfmt add a newline\n" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md src/tuples-and-arrays/solution.md msgid "\"matrix: {:#?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md src/tuples-and-arrays/solution.md msgid "\"transposed: {:#?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/tuples-and-arrays/solution.md msgid "//\n" msgstr "" #: src/references.md msgid "[Shared References](./references/shared.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/references.md msgid "[Exclusive References](./references/exclusive.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/references.md msgid "[Exercise: Geometry](./references/exercise.md) (30 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/references.md src/user-defined-types.md src/pattern-matching.md msgid "This segment should take about 50 minutes" msgstr "" #: src/references/shared.md msgid "" "A reference provides a way to access another value without taking " "responsibility for the value, and is also called \"borrowing\". Shared " "references are read-only, and the referenced data cannot change." msgstr "" #: src/references/shared.md msgid "" "A shared reference to a type `T` has type `&T`. A reference value is made " "with the `&` operator. The `*` operator \"dereferences\" a reference, " "yielding its value." msgstr "" #: src/references/shared.md msgid "Rust will statically forbid dangling references:" msgstr "Rust będzie statycznie zabraniał wiszących referencji:" #: src/references/shared.md msgid "" "A reference is said to \"borrow\" the value it refers to, and this is a good " "model for students not familiar with pointers: code can use the reference to " "access the value, but is still \"owned\" by the original variable. The " "course will get into more detail on ownership in day 3." msgstr "" #: src/references/shared.md msgid "" "References are implemented as pointers, and a key advantage is that they can " "be much smaller than the thing they point to. Students familiar with C or C+" "+ will recognize references as pointers. Later parts of the course will " "cover how Rust prevents the memory-safety bugs that come from using raw " "pointers." msgstr "" #: src/references/shared.md msgid "" "Rust does not automatically create references for you - the `&` is always " "required." msgstr "" #: src/references/shared.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust will auto-dereference in some cases, in particular when invoking " "methods (try `r.count_ones()`). There is no need for an `->` operator like " "in C++." msgstr "" "W niektórych przypadkach Rust dokona automatycznej dereferencji, w " "szczególności podczas wywoływania metod (spróbuj `ref_x.count_ones()`)." #: src/references/shared.md msgid "" "In this example, `r` is mutable so that it can be reassigned (`r = &b`). " "Note that this re-binds `r`, so that it refers to something else. This is " "different from C++, where assignment to a reference changes the referenced " "value." msgstr "" #: src/references/shared.md msgid "" "A shared reference does not allow modifying the value it refers to, even if " "that value was mutable. Try `*r = 'X'`." msgstr "" #: src/references/shared.md msgid "" "Rust is tracking the lifetimes of all references to ensure they live long " "enough. Dangling references cannot occur in safe Rust. `x_axis` would return " "a reference to `point`, but `point` will be deallocated when the function " "returns, so this will not compile." msgstr "" #: src/references/shared.md msgid "We will talk more about borrowing when we get to ownership." msgstr "Porozmawiamy więcej o pożyczaniu, kiedy przejdziemy do własności." #: src/references/exclusive.md msgid "" "Exclusive references, also known as mutable references, allow changing the " "value they refer to. They have type `&mut T`." msgstr "" #: src/references/exclusive.md msgid "" "\"Exclusive\" means that only this reference can be used to access the " "value. No other references (shared or exclusive) can exist at the same time, " "and the referenced value cannot be accessed while the exclusive reference " "exists. Try making an `&point.0` or changing `point.0` while `x_coord` is " "alive." msgstr "" #: src/references/exclusive.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Be sure to note the difference between `let mut x_coord: &i32` and `let " "x_coord: &mut i32`. The first one represents a shared reference which can be " "bound to different values, while the second represents an exclusive " "reference to a mutable value." msgstr "" "Pamiętaj o różnicy między `let mut ref_x: &i32` i `let ref_x: &mut i32`. " "Pierwsza reprezentuje zmienną referencję, z którą można powiązać różne " "wartości, podczas gdy druga reprezentuje odwołanie do zmiennej wartości." #: src/references/exercise.md msgid "" "We will create a few utility functions for 3-dimensional geometry, " "representing a point as `[f64;3]`. It is up to you to determine the function " "signatures." msgstr "" #: src/references/exercise.md msgid "" "// Calculate the magnitude of a vector by summing the squares of its " "coordinates\n" "// and taking the square root. Use the `sqrt()` method to calculate the " "square\n" "// root, like `v.sqrt()`.\n" msgstr "" #: src/references/exercise.md msgid "" "// Normalize a vector by calculating its magnitude and dividing all of its\n" "// coordinates by that magnitude.\n" msgstr "" #: src/references/exercise.md msgid "// Use the following `main` to test your work.\n" msgstr "" #: src/references/exercise.md src/references/solution.md msgid "\"Magnitude of a unit vector: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/references/exercise.md src/references/solution.md msgid "\"Magnitude of {v:?}: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/references/exercise.md src/references/solution.md msgid "\"Magnitude of {v:?} after normalization: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/references/solution.md msgid "/// Calculate the magnitude of the given vector.\n" msgstr "" #: src/references/solution.md msgid "" "/// Change the magnitude of the vector to 1.0 without changing its " "direction.\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types.md msgid "[Named Structs](./user-defined-types/named-structs.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types.md msgid "[Tuple Structs](./user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types.md msgid "[Enums](./user-defined-types/enums.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types.md msgid "" "[Static and Const](./user-defined-types/static-and-const.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types.md msgid "[Type Aliases](./user-defined-types/aliases.md) (2 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types.md msgid "" "[Exercise: Elevator Events](./user-defined-types/exercise.md) (15 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md #, fuzzy msgid "Like C and C++, Rust has support for custom structs:" msgstr "Podobnie jak C i C++, Rust obsługuje niestandardowe struktury:" #: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md msgid "\"{} is {} years old\"" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md msgid "\"Peter\"" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md msgid "\"Avery\"" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md msgid "\"Jackie\"" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md msgid "Structs work like in C or C++." msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md msgid "Like in C++, and unlike in C, no typedef is needed to define a type." msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md msgid "Unlike in C++, there is no inheritance between structs." msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md msgid "" "This may be a good time to let people know there are different types of " "structs." msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md msgid "" "Zero-sized structs (e.g. `struct Foo;`) might be used when implementing a " "trait on some type but don’t have any data that you want to store in the " "value itself." msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md msgid "" "The next slide will introduce Tuple structs, used when the field names are " "not important." msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "If you already have variables with the right names, then you can create the " "struct using a shorthand." msgstr "" "Jeśli masz już zmienne o odpowiednich nazwach, możesz je utworzyć struct za " "pomocą skrótu:" #: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md msgid "" "The syntax `..avery` allows us to copy the majority of the fields from the " "old struct without having to explicitly type it all out. It must always be " "the last element." msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md #, fuzzy msgid "If the field names are unimportant, you can use a tuple struct:" msgstr "Jeśli nazwy pól są nieistotne, możesz użyć struktury krotki:" #: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md msgid "\"({}, {})\"" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md #, fuzzy msgid "This is often used for single-field wrappers (called newtypes):" msgstr "" "Jest to często używane w przypadku opakowań z jednym polem (zwanych " "newtypes):" #: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md msgid "\"Ask a rocket scientist at NASA\"" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md msgid "// ...\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Newtypes are a great way to encode additional information about the value in " "a primitive type, for example:" msgstr "" "Nowe typy to świetny sposób na zakodowanie dodatkowych informacji o wartości " "w typie pierwotnym, na przykład:" #: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md #, fuzzy msgid "The number is measured in some units: `Newtons` in the example above." msgstr "" "Liczba jest mierzona w niektórych jednostkach: „Newtons” w powyższym " "przykładzie." #: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The value passed some validation when it was created, so you no longer have " "to validate it again at every use: `PhoneNumber(String)` or `OddNumber(u32)`." msgstr "" "Wartość przeszła walidację podczas tworzenia, więc nie musisz już " "weryfikować jej ponownie przy każdym użyciu: „PhoneNumber(String)” lub " "„OddNumber(u32)”." #: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Demonstrate how to add a `f64` value to a `Newtons` type by accessing the " "single field in the newtype." msgstr "" "Zademonstruj, jak dodać wartość `f64` do typu `Newtons`, uzyskując dostęp do " "pojedynczego pola w newtype." #: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust generally doesn’t like inexplicit things, like automatic unwrapping or " "for instance using booleans as integers." msgstr "" "Rust generalnie nie lubi niejasnych rzeczy, takich jak automatyczne " "rozpakowywanie lub na przykład używanie wartości boolowskich jako liczb " "całkowitych." #: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md #, fuzzy msgid "Operator overloading is discussed on Day 3 (generics)." msgstr "Przeciążenie operatora jest omówione w dniu 3 (leki generyczne)." #: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md msgid "" "The example is a subtle reference to the [Mars Climate Orbiter](https://en." "wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Climate_Orbiter) failure." msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The `enum` keyword allows the creation of a type which has a few different " "variants:" msgstr "" "Słowo kluczowe `enum` pozwala na utworzenie typu, który ma kilka różne " "warianty:" #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md msgid "// Simple variant\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md msgid "// Tuple variant\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md msgid "// Struct variant\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md msgid "\"On this turn: {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md #, fuzzy msgid "Enumerations allow you to collect a set of values under one type." msgstr "Wyliczenia umożliwiają zebranie zestawu wartości w ramach jednego typu" #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md msgid "" "`Direction` is a type with variants. There are two values of `Direction`: " "`Direction::Left` and `Direction::Right`." msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md msgid "" "`PlayerMove` is a type with three variants. In addition to the payloads, " "Rust will store a discriminant so that it knows at runtime which variant is " "in a `PlayerMove` value." msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md #, fuzzy msgid "This might be a good time to compare structs and enums:" msgstr "To może być dobry moment na porównanie Structs i Enums:" #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "In both, you can have a simple version without fields (unit struct) or one " "with different types of fields (variant payloads)." msgstr "" "W obu przypadkach możesz mieć prostą wersję bez pól (struktura jednostek) " "lub wersję z różnymi typami pól (wariantowe ładunki)." #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You could even implement the different variants of an enum with separate " "structs but then they wouldn’t be the same type as they would if they were " "all defined in an enum." msgstr "" "Można nawet zaimplementować różne warianty wyliczenia z osobnymi " "strukturami, ale wtedy nie byłyby one tego samego typu, co gdyby wszystkie " "były zdefiniowane w wyliczeniu." #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md msgid "Rust uses minimal space to store the discriminant." msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md msgid "If necessary, it stores an integer of the smallest required size" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md msgid "" "If the allowed variant values do not cover all bit patterns, it will use " "invalid bit patterns to encode the discriminant (the \"niche " "optimization\"). For example, `Option<&u8>` stores either a pointer to an " "integer or `NULL` for the `None` variant." msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md msgid "" "You can control the discriminant if needed (e.g., for compatibility with C):" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Without `repr`, the discriminant type takes 2 bytes, because 10001 fits 2 " "bytes." msgstr "" "Wyliczenie `Bar` pokazuje, że istnieje sposób kontrolowania wartości i typu " "wyróżnika. Jeśli usunie się `repr`, typ dyskryminacyjny zajmuje 2 bajty, " "ponieważ 10001 mieści 2 bajty." #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md #: src/memory-management/review.md src/memory-management/move.md #: src/smart-pointers/box.md src/borrowing/shared.md msgid "More to Explore" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md msgid "" "Rust has several optimizations it can employ to make enums take up less " "space." msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Null pointer optimization: For [some types](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/" "option/#representation), Rust guarantees that `size_of::()` equals " "`size_of::>()`." msgstr "" "Dla [niektórych typów](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/option/" "#representation), Rust gwarantuje, że `size_of::()` równa się `size_of::" " >()`." #: src/user-defined-types/enums.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Example code if you want to show how the bitwise representation _may_ look " "like in practice. It's important to note that the compiler provides no " "guarantees regarding this representation, therefore this is totally unsafe." msgstr "" "Przykładowy kod, jeśli chcesz pokazać, jak reprezentacja bitowa _może_ " "wyglądać w praktyce. Należy zauważyć, że kompilator nie zapewnia żadnych " "gwarancji dotyczących tej reprezentacji, dlatego jest to całkowicie " "niebezpieczne." #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md msgid "" "Static and constant variables are two different ways to create globally-" "scoped values that cannot be moved or reallocated during the execution of " "the program." msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md msgid "`const`" msgstr "`const`" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md msgid "" "Constant variables are evaluated at compile time and their values are " "inlined wherever they are used:" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "According to the [Rust RFC Book](https://rust-lang.github.io/rfcs/0246-const-" "vs-static.html) these are inlined upon use." msgstr "" "Zgodnie z [książką Rust RFC](https://rust-lang.github.io/rfcs/0246-const-vs-" "static.html) są one wstawiane podczas użycia." #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md msgid "" "Only functions marked `const` can be called at compile time to generate " "`const` values. `const` functions can however be called at runtime." msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md msgid "`static`" msgstr "`static`" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md msgid "" "Static variables will live during the whole execution of the program, and " "therefore will not move:" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"Welcome to RustOS 3.14\"" msgstr "Witamy w dniu 1" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md msgid "\"{BANNER}\"" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "As noted in the [Rust RFC Book](https://rust-lang.github.io/rfcs/0246-const-" "vs-static.html), these are not inlined upon use and have an actual " "associated memory location. This is useful for unsafe and embedded code, and " "the variable lives through the entirety of the program execution. When a " "globally-scoped value does not have a reason to need object identity, " "`const` is generally preferred." msgstr "" "Jak zauważono w [książce Rust RFC](https://rust-lang.github.io/rfcs/0246-" "const-vs-static.html), nie są one wstawiane podczas użycia i mają " "rzeczywistą powiązaną lokalizację pamięci. Jest to przydatne w przypadku " "niebezpiecznego i osadzonego kodu, a zmienna żyje przez całe wykonanie " "programu." #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md msgid "Mention that `const` behaves semantically similar to C++'s `constexpr`." msgstr "" "Wspomnij, że `const` zachowuje się semantycznie podobnie do `constexpr` C++." #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md msgid "" "`static`, on the other hand, is much more similar to a `const` or mutable " "global variable in C++." msgstr "" "Z drugiej strony `static` jest znacznie bardziej podobny do `const` lub " "mutowalnej zmiennej globalnej w C++." #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md msgid "" "`static` provides object identity: an address in memory and state as " "required by types with interior mutability such as `Mutex`." msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md msgid "" "It isn't super common that one would need a runtime evaluated constant, but " "it is helpful and safer than using a static." msgstr "" "Nie jest bardzo powszechne, że ktoś potrzebowałby stałej wyliczanej w czasie " "wykonywania, ale jest to pomocne i bezpieczniejsze niż używanie zmiennej " "statycznej." #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md msgid "Properties table:" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md msgid "Property" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md #, fuzzy msgid "Static" msgstr "`static`" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md msgid "Constant" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md msgid "Has an address in memory" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md msgid "Yes" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md msgid "No (inlined)" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md #, fuzzy msgid "Lives for the entire duration of the program" msgstr "Funkcja `main` jest punktem wejścia programu." #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md msgid "No" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md msgid "Can be mutable" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md msgid "Yes (unsafe)" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md #, fuzzy msgid "Evaluated at compile time" msgstr "Wartości mają stałe rozmiary znane w czasie kompilacji." #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md msgid "Yes (initialised at compile time)" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md msgid "Inlined wherever it is used" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md msgid "" "Because `static` variables are accessible from any thread, they must be " "`Sync`. Interior mutability is possible through a [`Mutex`](https://doc.rust-" "lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html), atomic or similar." msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md msgid "Thread-local data can be created with the macro `std::thread_local`." msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/aliases.md msgid "" "A type alias creates a name for another type. The two types can be used " "interchangeably." msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/aliases.md msgid "// Aliases are more useful with long, complex types:\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/aliases.md msgid "C programmers will recognize this as similar to a `typedef`." msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md msgid "" "We will create a data structure to represent an event in an elevator control " "system. It is up to you to define the types and functions to construct " "various events. Use `#[derive(Debug)]` to allow the types to be formatted " "with `{:?}`." msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md msgid "" "This exercise only requires creating and populating data structures so that " "`main` runs without errors. The next part of the course will cover getting " "data out of these structures." msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "" "/// An event in the elevator system that the controller must react to.\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md msgid "// TODO: add required variants\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "/// A direction of travel.\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "/// The car has arrived on the given floor.\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "/// The car doors have opened.\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "/// The car doors have closed.\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "" "/// A directional button was pressed in an elevator lobby on the given " "floor.\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "/// A floor button was pressed in the elevator car.\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "\"A ground floor passenger has pressed the up button: {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "\"The car has arrived on the ground floor: {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "\"The car door opened: {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "\"A passenger has pressed the 3rd floor button: {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "\"The car door closed: {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "\"The car has arrived on the 3rd floor: {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "/// A button was pressed.\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "/// The car has arrived at the given floor.\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "/// The car's doors have opened.\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "/// The car's doors have closed.\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "/// A floor is represented as an integer.\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "/// A user-accessible button.\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "/// A button in the elevator lobby on the given floor.\n" msgstr "" #: src/user-defined-types/solution.md msgid "/// A floor button within the car.\n" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-2.md msgid "Welcome to Day 2" msgstr "Witamy w dniu 2" #: src/welcome-day-2.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Now that we have seen a fair amount of Rust, today will focus on Rust's type " "system:" msgstr "Teraz, gdy widzieliśmy już sporo Rust, będziemy kontynuować:" #: src/welcome-day-2.md #, fuzzy msgid "Pattern matching: extracting data from structures." msgstr "Dopasowywanie wzorców: destrukturyzacja wyliczeń, struktur i tablic." #: src/welcome-day-2.md msgid "Methods: associating functions with types." msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-2.md msgid "Traits: behaviors shared by multiple types." msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-2.md msgid "Generics: parameterizing types on other types." msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-2.md msgid "" "Standard library types and traits: a tour of Rust's rich standard library." msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-2.md msgid "[Welcome](./welcome-day-2.md) (3 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-2.md #, fuzzy msgid "[Pattern Matching](./pattern-matching.md) (50 minutes)" msgstr "" "Zobacz [dopasowywanie wzorców](../pattern-matching.md), aby uzyskać więcej " "informacji na temat wzorców w Rdza." #: src/welcome-day-2.md msgid "[Methods and Traits](./methods-and-traits.md) (55 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-2.md msgid "[Generics](./generics.md) (45 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-2.md src/welcome-day-4.md msgid "" "Including 10 minute breaks, this session should take about 3 hours and 5 " "minutes" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching.md msgid "[Destructuring](./pattern-matching/destructuring.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching.md msgid "[Let Control Flow](./pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching.md msgid "" "[Exercise: Expression Evaluation](./pattern-matching/exercise.md) (30 " "minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md msgid "Like tuples, structs and enums can also be destructured by matching:" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md msgid "Structs" msgstr "Struktury" #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md msgid "\"x.0 = 1, b = {b}, y = {y}\"" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md msgid "\"y = 2, x = {i:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md msgid "\"y = {y}, other fields were ignored\"" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Patterns can also be used to bind variables to parts of your values. This is " "how you inspect the structure of your types. Let us start with a simple " "`enum` type:" msgstr "" "Wzorców można również używać do wiązania zmiennych z częściami wartości. Oto " "jak sprawdzasz strukturę swoich typów. Zacznijmy od prostego typu `enum`:" #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md msgid "\"cannot divide {n} into two equal parts\"" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md msgid "\"{n} divided in two is {half}\"" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md msgid "\"sorry, an error happened: {msg}\"" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Here we have used the arms to _destructure_ the `Result` value. In the first " "arm, `half` is bound to the value inside the `Ok` variant. In the second " "arm, `msg` is bound to the error message." msgstr "" "Tutaj użyliśmy ramion do _destrukturyzacji_ wartości `Result`. Na początku " "arm, `half` jest powiązany z wartością wewnątrz wariantu `Ok`. W drugim " "ramieniu `msg` jest powiązany z komunikatem o błędzie." #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md #, fuzzy msgid "Change the literal values in `foo` to match with the other patterns." msgstr "Zmień wartości literalne w `foo`, aby dopasować je do innych wzorców." #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md #, fuzzy msgid "Add a new field to `Foo` and make changes to the pattern as needed." msgstr "Dodaj nowe pole do `Foo` i w razie potrzeby wprowadź zmiany we wzorcu." #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md msgid "" "The distinction between a capture and a constant expression can be hard to " "spot. Try changing the `2` in the second arm to a variable, and see that it " "subtly doesn't work. Change it to a `const` and see it working again." msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The `if`/`else` expression is returning an enum that is later unpacked with " "a `match`." msgstr "" "Wyrażenie `if`/`else` zwraca wyliczenie, które jest później rozpakowywane z " "`match`." #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You can try adding a third variant to the enum definition and displaying the " "errors when running the code. Point out the places where your code is now " "inexhaustive and how the compiler tries to give you hints." msgstr "" "Możesz spróbować dodać trzeci wariant do definicji enum i wyświetlić błędy " "podczas uruchamiania kodu. Wskaż miejsca, w których Twój kod jest teraz " "niewyczerpany i jak kompilator próbuje udzielić Ci wskazówek." #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The values in the enum variants can only be accessed after being pattern " "matched." msgstr "" "Dostęp do wartości w wariantach enum można uzyskać dopiero po dopasowaniu do " "wzorca. Wzorzec wiąże odniesienia do pól w „ramię dopasowania” po `=>`." #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Demonstrate what happens when the search is inexhaustive. Note the advantage " "the Rust compiler provides by confirming when all cases are handled." msgstr "" "Zademonstruj, co się dzieje, gdy wyszukiwanie jest niewyczerpujące. Zwróć " "uwagę na zalety kompilatora Rusta, który potwierdza, kiedy wszystkie " "przypadki są obsługiwane." #: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md msgid "" "Save the result of `divide_in_two` in the `result` variable and `match` it " "in a loop. That won't compile because `msg` is consumed when matched. To fix " "it, match `&result` instead of `result`. That will make `msg` a reference so " "it won't be consumed. This [\"match ergonomics\"](https://rust-lang.github." "io/rfcs/2005-match-ergonomics.html) appeared in Rust 2018. If you want to " "support older Rust, replace `msg` with `ref msg` in the pattern." msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md msgid "" "Rust has a few control flow constructs which differ from other languages. " "They are used for pattern matching:" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md #, fuzzy msgid "`if let` expressions" msgstr "wyrażenia `if let`" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md #, fuzzy msgid "`while let` expressions" msgstr "wyrażenia `while let`" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md #, fuzzy msgid "`match` expressions" msgstr "`dopasuj` wyrażenia" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md msgid "" "The [`if let` expression](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/if-" "expr.html#if-let-expressions) lets you execute different code depending on " "whether a value matches a pattern:" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md msgid "\"slept for {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md #, fuzzy msgid "`let else` expressions" msgstr "wyrażenia `while let`" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md msgid "" "For the common case of matching a pattern and returning from the function, " "use [`let else`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/flow_control/" "let_else.html). The \"else\" case must diverge (`return`, `break`, or panic " "- anything but falling off the end of the block)." msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md msgid "\"got None\"" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"got empty string\"" msgstr "Ciągi bajtów" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md msgid "\"not a hex digit\"" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md src/pattern-matching/solution.md msgid "\"result: {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md src/generics/trait-bounds.md #: src/smart-pointers/solution.md src/testing/googletest.md #: src/testing/solution.md msgid "\"foo\"" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Like with `if let`, there is a [`while let`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" "reference/expressions/loop-expr.html#predicate-pattern-loops) variant which " "repeatedly tests a value against a pattern:" msgstr "" "Podobnie jak w przypadku `if`, istnieje wariant `while let`, który " "wielokrotnie sprawdza wartość wbrew wzorowi:" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Here [`String::pop`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/string/struct." "String.html#method.pop) returns `Some(c)` until the string is empty, after " "which it will return `None`. The `while let` lets us keep iterating through " "all items." msgstr "" "Tutaj iterator zwrócony przez `v.iter()` zwróci `Option` przy każdym " "wywołanie funkcji „następny()”. Zwraca `Some(x)` dopóki nie skończy, po czym " "to zrobi zwróć „Brak”. Polecenie „while let” pozwala nam przeglądać " "wszystkie elementy." #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md msgid "if-let" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Unlike `match`, `if let` does not have to cover all branches. This can make " "it more concise than `match`." msgstr "" "W przeciwieństwie do `match`, `if let` nie obsługuje klauzul ochronnych dla " "dopasowywania wzorców." #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md #, fuzzy msgid "A common usage is handling `Some` values when working with `Option`." msgstr "" "Typowym zastosowaniem jest obsługa wartości `Some` podczas pracy z `Option`." #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Unlike `match`, `if let` does not support guard clauses for pattern matching." msgstr "" "W przeciwieństwie do `match`, `if let` nie obsługuje klauzul ochronnych dla " "dopasowywania wzorców." #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md msgid "let-else" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md msgid "" "`if-let`s can pile up, as shown. The `let-else` construct supports " "flattening this nested code. Rewrite the awkward version for students, so " "they can see the transformation." msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md msgid "The rewritten version is:" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md #, fuzzy msgid "while-let" msgstr "wyrażenia `while let`" #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Point out that the `while let` loop will keep going as long as the value " "matches the pattern." msgstr "" "Zwróć uwagę, że pętla „while let” będzie działać tak długo, jak długo " "wartość będzie pasować do wzorca." #: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You could rewrite the `while let` loop as an infinite loop with an if " "statement that breaks when there is no value to unwrap for `name.pop()`. The " "`while let` provides syntactic sugar for the above scenario." msgstr "" "Możesz przepisać pętlę `while let` jako pętlę nieskończoną z instrukcją if, " "która przerywa działanie, gdy nie ma wartości do rozpakowania dla `iter." "next()`. Opcja `while let` zapewnia cukier składniowy dla powyższego " "scenariusza." #: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md msgid "Let's write a simple recursive evaluator for arithmetic expressions." msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md msgid "" "The `Box` type here is a smart pointer, and will be covered in detail later " "in the course. An expression can be \"boxed\" with `Box::new` as seen in the " "tests. To evaluate a boxed expression, use the deref operator (`*`) to " "\"unbox\" it: `eval(*boxed_expr)`." msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md msgid "" "Some expressions cannot be evaluated and will return an error. The standard " "[`Result`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/result/enum.Result." "html) type is an enum that represents either a successful value " "(`Ok(Value)`) or an error (`Err(String)`). We will cover this type in detail " "later." msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md msgid "" "Copy and paste the code into the Rust playground, and begin implementing " "`eval`. The final product should pass the tests. It may be helpful to use " "`todo!()` and get the tests to pass one-by-one. You can also skip a test " "temporarily with `#[ignore]`:" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md msgid "" "If you finish early, try writing a test that results in division by zero or " "integer overflow. How could you handle this with `Result` instead of a panic?" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md src/pattern-matching/solution.md msgid "/// An operation to perform on two subexpressions.\n" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md src/pattern-matching/solution.md msgid "/// An expression, in tree form.\n" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md src/pattern-matching/solution.md msgid "/// An operation on two subexpressions.\n" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md src/pattern-matching/solution.md msgid "/// A literal value\n" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md src/pattern-matching/solution.md msgid "\"division by zero\"" msgstr "" #: src/pattern-matching/solution.md msgid "\"expr: {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits.md msgid "[Methods](./methods-and-traits/methods.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits.md msgid "[Traits](./methods-and-traits/traits.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits.md msgid "[Deriving](./methods-and-traits/deriving.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits.md msgid "[Trait Objects](./methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits.md msgid "" "[Exercise: Generic Logger](./methods-and-traits/exercise.md) (20 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits.md msgid "This segment should take about 55 minutes" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust allows you to associate functions with your new types. You do this with " "an `impl` block:" msgstr "" "Rust umożliwia powiązanie funkcji z nowymi typami. Robisz to z blok `impl`:" #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md msgid "// No receiver, a static method\n" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md msgid "// Exclusive borrowed read-write access to self\n" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md msgid "// Shared and read-only borrowed access to self\n" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md msgid "\"Recorded {} laps for {}:\"" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md msgid "\"Lap {idx}: {lap} sec\"" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md msgid "// Exclusive ownership of self\n" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md msgid "\"Race {} is finished, total lap time: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md msgid "\"Monaco Grand Prix\"" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md msgid "// race.add_lap(42);\n" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The `self` arguments specify the \"receiver\" - the object the method acts " "on. There are several common receivers for a method:" msgstr "" "„&self” powyżej wskazuje, że metoda niezmiennie pożycza obiekt. Tam są " "innymi możliwymi odbiorcami metody:" #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`&self`: borrows the object from the caller using a shared and immutable " "reference. The object can be used again afterwards." msgstr "" "`&self`: pożycza obiekt od dzwoniącego za pomocą współdzielonego i " "niezmiennego odniesienie. Obiekt może być później ponownie użyty." #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`&mut self`: borrows the object from the caller using a unique and mutable " "reference. The object can be used again afterwards." msgstr "" "`&mut self`: pożycza obiekt od wywołującego używając unikalnego i zmiennego " "odniesienie. Obiekt może być później ponownie użyty." #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`self`: takes ownership of the object and moves it away from the caller. The " "method becomes the owner of the object. The object will be dropped " "(deallocated) when the method returns, unless its ownership is explicitly " "transmitted. Complete ownership does not automatically mean mutability." msgstr "" "`self`: przejmuje obiekt na własność i oddala go od dzwoniącego. The metoda " "staje się właścicielem obiektu. Obiekt zostanie usunięty (cofnięty " "przydział) gdy metoda zwraca, chyba że jej własność jest wyraźnie określona " "przekazywane." #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md msgid "`mut self`: same as above, but the method can mutate the object." msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "No receiver: this becomes a static method on the struct. Typically used to " "create constructors which are called `new` by convention." msgstr "" "Brak odbiornika: staje się to metodą statyczną w strukturze. Zwykle " "przyzwyczajony tworzyć konstruktory, które zgodnie z konwencją nazywane są " "„nowymi”." #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md #, fuzzy msgid "It can be helpful to introduce methods by comparing them to functions." msgstr "" "Pomocne może być wprowadzenie metod poprzez porównanie ich z funkcjami." #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Methods are called on an instance of a type (such as a struct or enum), the " "first parameter represents the instance as `self`." msgstr "" "Metody są wywoływane na instancji typu (takiej jak struct lub enum), " "pierwszy parametr reprezentuje instancję jako `self`." #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Developers may choose to use methods to take advantage of method receiver " "syntax and to help keep them more organized. By using methods we can keep " "all the implementation code in one predictable place." msgstr "" "Deweloperzy mogą zdecydować się na użycie metod, aby skorzystać ze składni " "odbiornika metod i pomóc w ich lepszej organizacji. Dzięki metodom możemy " "przechowywać cały kod implementacji w jednym przewidywalnym miejscu." #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md #, fuzzy msgid "Point out the use of the keyword `self`, a method receiver." msgstr "Zwróć uwagę na użycie słowa kluczowego `self`, odbiornika metody." #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Show that it is an abbreviated term for `self: Self` and perhaps show how " "the struct name could also be used." msgstr "" "Pokaż, że jest to skrócony termin dla `self:&Self` i być może pokaż, jak " "można również użyć nazwy struktury." #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Explain that `Self` is a type alias for the type the `impl` block is in and " "can be used elsewhere in the block." msgstr "" "Wyjaśnij, że `Self` jest aliasem typu dla typu, w którym znajduje się blok " "`impl` i może być użyty w innym miejscu bloku." #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Note how `self` is used like other structs and dot notation can be used to " "refer to individual fields." msgstr "" "Zwróć uwagę, jak `self` jest używane jak inne struktury, a notacja kropkowa " "może być używana do odwoływania się do poszczególnych pól." #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "This might be a good time to demonstrate how the `&self` differs from `self` " "by trying to run `finish` twice." msgstr "" "To może być dobry moment, aby zademonstrować, czym `&self` różni się od " "`self` poprzez modyfikację kodu i próbę dwukrotnego uruchomienia say_hello." #: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Beyond variants on `self`, there are also [special wrapper types](https://" "doc.rust-lang.org/reference/special-types-and-traits.html) allowed to be " "receiver types, such as `Box`." msgstr "" "Oprócz wariantów na „ja”, istnieją również [specjalne typy opakowań](https://" "doc.rust-lang.org/reference/special-types-and-traits.html) mogą być typami " "odbiorników, takimi jak `Box`." #: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust lets you abstract over types with traits. They're similar to interfaces:" msgstr "" "Rust pozwala na abstrakcję nad typami z cechami. Są podobne do interfejsów:" #: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md msgid "\"Oh you're a cutie! What's your name? {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md msgid "\"Woof, my name is {}!\"" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md msgid "\"Miau!\"" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md msgid "\"Fido\"" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md msgid "" "A trait defines a number of methods that types must have in order to " "implement the trait." msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md msgid "Traits are implemented in an `impl for { .. }` block." msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Traits may specify pre-implemented (provided) methods and methods that users " "are required to implement themselves. Provided methods can rely on required " "methods. In this case, `greet` is provided, and relies on `talk`." msgstr "" "Cechy mogą określać wstępnie zaimplementowane (domyślne) metody i metody, " "które użytkownicy muszą sami zaimplementować. Metody z domyślnymi " "implementacjami mogą polegać na metodach wymaganych." #: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md msgid "" "Supported traits can be automatically implemented for your custom types, as " "follows:" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md msgid "// Default trait adds `default` constructor.\n" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md msgid "// Clone trait adds `clone` method.\n" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md msgid "\"EldurScrollz\"" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md msgid "// Debug trait adds support for printing with `{:?}`.\n" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md msgid "\"{:?} vs. {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md msgid "" "Derivation is implemented with macros, and many crates provide useful derive " "macros to add useful functionality. For example, `serde` can derive " "serialization support for a struct using `#[derive(Serialize)]`." msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Trait objects allow for values of different types, for instance in a " "collection:" msgstr "Krotki grupują wartości różnych typów w typ złożony." #: src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md msgid "\"Hello, who are you? {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md #, fuzzy msgid "Memory layout after allocating `pets`:" msgstr "Układ pamięci po przydzieleniu `xs`:" #: src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "```bob\n" " Stack Heap\n" ".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " "- -.\n" ": : : :\n" ": pets : : +----+----+----+----" "+ :\n" ": +-----------+-------+ : : +-----+-----+ .->| F | i | d | o " "| :\n" ": | ptr | o---+---+-----+-->| o o | o o | | +----+----+----+----" "+ :\n" ": | len | 2 | : : +-|-|-+-|-|-+ " "`---------. :\n" ": | capacity | 2 | : : | | | | data " "| :\n" ": +-----------+-------+ : : | | | | +-------+--|-------" "+ :\n" ": : : | | | '-->| name | o, 4, 4 " "| :\n" ": : : | | | | age | 5 " "| :\n" "`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -' : | | | +-------+----------" "+ :\n" " : | | " "| :\n" " : | | | " "vtable :\n" " : | | | +----------------------" "+ :\n" " : | | '---->| \"::talk\" " "| :\n" " : | | +----------------------" "+ :\n" " : | " "| :\n" " : | | " "data :\n" " : | | +-------+-------" "+ :\n" " : | '-->| lives | 9 " "| :\n" " : | +-------+-------" "+ :\n" " : " "| :\n" " : | " "vtable :\n" " : | +----------------------" "+ :\n" " : '---->| \"::talk\" " "| :\n" " : +----------------------" "+ :\n" " : :\n" " '- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " "- -'\n" "```" msgstr "" "```bob\n" " Stos Sterta\n" ".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - -.\n" ": : : :\n" ": s1 : : :\n" ": +-----------+-------+ : : +----+----+----+ :\n" ": | ptr | o---+---+--+--+-->| C | p | p | :\n" ": | len | 3 | : : +----+----+----+ :\n" ": | capacity | 3 | : : :\n" ": +-----------+-------+ : : :\n" ": : : :\n" ": s2 : : :\n" ": +-----------+-------+ : : +----+----+----+ :\n" ": | ptr | o---+---+-----+-->| C | p | p | :\n" ": | len | 3 | : : +----+----+----+ :\n" ": | capacity | 3 | : : :\n" ": +-----------+-------+ : : :\n" ": : `- - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" "`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" "```" #: src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Types that implement a given trait may be of different sizes. This makes it " "impossible to have things like `Vec` in the example above." msgstr "" "Typy realizujące daną cechę mogą mieć różne rozmiary. To sprawia, że " "niemożliwe jest posiadanie rzeczy takich jak `Vec` w powyższym " "przykładzie." #: src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`dyn Pet` is a way to tell the compiler about a dynamically sized type that " "implements `Pet`." msgstr "" "`dyn Greet` to sposób poinformowania kompilatora o typie o dynamicznym " "rozmiarze, który implementuje `Greet`." #: src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md msgid "" "In the example, `pets` is allocated on the stack and the vector data is on " "the heap. The two vector elements are _fat pointers_:" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "A fat pointer is a double-width pointer. It has two components: a pointer to " "the actual object and a pointer to the [virtual method table](https://en." "wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_method_table) (vtable) for the `Pet` " "implementation of that particular object." msgstr "" "W przykładzie `pets` przechowuje Fat Pointers do obiektów, które " "implementują `Greet`. Fat Pointer składa się z dwóch komponentów, wskaźnika " "do rzeczywistego obiektu i wskaźnika do wirtualnej tabeli metod dla " "implementacji `Greet` tego konkretnego obiektu." #: src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md msgid "" "The data for the `Dog` named Fido is the `name` and `age` fields. The `Cat` " "has a `lives` field." msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md msgid "Compare these outputs in the above example:" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md src/std-traits/closures.md msgid "\"{} {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md src/std-traits/exercise.md #: src/std-traits/solution.md src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md #: src/android/build-rules/library.md #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md msgid "\"{}\"" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md msgid "" "Let's design a simple logging utility, using a trait `Logger` with a `log` " "method. Code which might log its progress can then take an `&impl Logger`. " "In testing, this might put messages in the test logfile, while in a " "production build it would send messages to a log server." msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md msgid "" "However, the `StderrLogger` given below logs all messages, regardless of " "verbosity. Your task is to write a `VerbosityFilter` type that will ignore " "messages above a maximum verbosity." msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md msgid "" "This is a common pattern: a struct wrapping a trait implementation and " "implementing that same trait, adding behavior in the process. What other " "kinds of wrappers might be useful in a logging utility?" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md src/methods-and-traits/solution.md msgid "/// Log a message at the given verbosity level.\n" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md src/methods-and-traits/solution.md msgid "\"verbosity={verbosity}: {message}\"" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md src/methods-and-traits/solution.md msgid "\"FYI\"" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md src/methods-and-traits/solution.md msgid "\"Uhoh\"" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md msgid "// TODO: Define and implement `VerbosityFilter`.\n" msgstr "" #: src/methods-and-traits/solution.md msgid "/// Only log messages up to the given verbosity level.\n" msgstr "" #: src/generics.md msgid "[Generic Functions](./generics/generic-functions.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/generics.md msgid "[Generic Data Types](./generics/generic-data.md) (15 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/generics.md msgid "[Trait Bounds](./generics/trait-bounds.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/generics.md msgid "[impl Trait](./generics/impl-trait.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/generics.md msgid "[Exercise: Generic min](./generics/exercise.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/generics.md src/smart-pointers.md src/iterators.md src/error-handling.md msgid "This segment should take about 45 minutes" msgstr "" #: src/generics/generic-functions.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust supports generics, which lets you abstract algorithms or data " "structures (such as sorting or a binary tree) over the types used or stored." msgstr "" "Rust obsługuje typy ogólne, które pozwalają wyodrębnić algorytm (taki jak " "sortowanie) nad typami używanymi w algorytmie." #: src/generics/generic-functions.md msgid "/// Pick `even` or `odd` depending on the value of `n`.\n" msgstr "" #: src/generics/generic-functions.md msgid "\"picked a number: {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/generics/generic-functions.md msgid "\"picked a tuple: {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/generics/generic-functions.md msgid "\"dog\"" msgstr "" #: src/generics/generic-functions.md msgid "\"cat\"" msgstr "" #: src/generics/generic-functions.md msgid "" "Rust infers a type for T based on the types of the arguments and return " "value." msgstr "" #: src/generics/generic-functions.md msgid "" "This is similar to C++ templates, but Rust partially compiles the generic " "function immediately, so that function must be valid for all types matching " "the constraints. For example, try modifying `pick` to return `even + odd` if " "`n == 0`. Even if only the `pick` instantiation with integers is used, Rust " "still considers it invalid. C++ would let you do this." msgstr "" #: src/generics/generic-functions.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Generic code is turned into non-generic code based on the call sites. This " "is a zero-cost abstraction: you get exactly the same result as if you had " "hand-coded the data structures without the abstraction." msgstr "" "Jest to abstrakcja o zerowych kosztach: otrzymujesz dokładnie taki sam " "wynik, jakbyś miał ręcznie zakodował struktury danych bez abstrakcji." #: src/generics/generic-data.md #, fuzzy msgid "You can use generics to abstract over the concrete field type:" msgstr "Możesz użyć generycznych do abstrakcji nad konkretnym typem pola:" #: src/generics/generic-data.md #, fuzzy msgid "// fn set_x(&mut self, x: T)\n" msgstr "" "```\n" "// fn set_x(&mut self, x: T)\n" "```" #: src/generics/generic-data.md msgid "\"{integer:?} and {float:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/generics/generic-data.md msgid "\"coords: {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/generics/generic-data.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "_Q:_ Why `T` is specified twice in `impl Point {}`? Isn't that " "redundant?" msgstr "" "_P:_ Dlaczego `T` jest określone dwukrotnie w `impl Point {}`? Czy to " "nie jest zbędne?" #: src/generics/generic-data.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "This is because it is a generic implementation section for generic type. " "They are independently generic." msgstr "" "Dzieje się tak, ponieważ jest to ogólna sekcja implementacji dla typu " "ogólnego. Są niezależnie ogólne." #: src/generics/generic-data.md #, fuzzy msgid "It means these methods are defined for any `T`." msgstr "Oznacza to, że te metody są zdefiniowane dla dowolnego `T`." #: src/generics/generic-data.md #, fuzzy msgid "It is possible to write `impl Point { .. }`." msgstr "Można napisać `impl Point { .. }`." #: src/generics/generic-data.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Point` is still generic and you can use `Point`, but methods in this " "block will only be available for `Point`." msgstr "" "`Point` jest nadal ogólny i możesz użyć `Point`, ale metody w tym bloku " "będą dostępne tylko dla `Point`." #: src/generics/generic-data.md msgid "" "Try declaring a new variable `let p = Point { x: 5, y: 10.0 };`. Update the " "code to allow points that have elements of different types, by using two " "type variables, e.g., `T` and `U`." msgstr "" #: src/generics/trait-bounds.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "When working with generics, you often want to require the types to implement " "some trait, so that you can call this trait's methods." msgstr "" "Podczas pracy z typami ogólnymi często chcesz wymagać implementacji typów " "jakąś cechę, aby można było wywołać metody tej cechy." #: src/generics/trait-bounds.md #, fuzzy msgid "You can do this with `T: Trait` or `impl Trait`:" msgstr "Możesz to zrobić za pomocą `T: Cecha` lub `impl Cecha`:" #: src/generics/trait-bounds.md msgid "// struct NotClonable;\n" msgstr "" #: src/generics/trait-bounds.md msgid "\"{pair:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/generics/trait-bounds.md msgid "Try making a `NonClonable` and passing it to `duplicate`." msgstr "" #: src/generics/trait-bounds.md msgid "When multiple traits are necessary, use `+` to join them." msgstr "" #: src/generics/trait-bounds.md msgid "Show a `where` clause, students will encounter it when reading code." msgstr "" #: src/generics/trait-bounds.md #, fuzzy msgid "It declutters the function signature if you have many parameters." msgstr "Odczytuje sygnaturę funkcji, jeśli masz wiele parametrów." #: src/generics/trait-bounds.md #, fuzzy msgid "It has additional features making it more powerful." msgstr "Posiada dodatkowe funkcje, dzięki którym jest potężniejszy." #: src/generics/trait-bounds.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "If someone asks, the extra feature is that the type on the left of \":\" can " "be arbitrary, like `Option`." msgstr "" "Jeśli ktoś zapyta, dodatkową cechą jest to, że typ po lewej stronie „:” może " "być dowolny, na przykład `Option`." #: src/generics/trait-bounds.md msgid "" "Note that Rust does not (yet) support specialization. For example, given the " "original `duplicate`, it is invalid to add a specialized `duplicate(a: u32)`." msgstr "" #: src/generics/impl-trait.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Similar to trait bounds, an `impl Trait` syntax can be used in function " "arguments and return values:" msgstr "" "Podobnie jak w przypadku granic cech, składnia `impl Trait` może być używana " "w funkcji argumenty i zwracane wartości:" #: src/generics/impl-trait.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "// Syntactic sugar for:\n" "// fn add_42_millions>(x: T) -> i32 {\n" msgstr "// Cukier syntaktyczny do: // fn add_42_millions\\() -> B` can return any " "type satisfying `B`, and the caller may need to choose one, such as with " "`let x: Vec<_> = foo.collect()` or with the turbofish, `foo.collect::" ">()`." msgstr "" #: src/generics/impl-trait.md msgid "" "What is the type of `debuggable`? Try `let debuggable: () = ..` to see what " "the error message shows." msgstr "" #: src/generics/exercise.md msgid "" "In this short exercise, you will implement a generic `min` function that " "determines the minimum of two values, using a `LessThan` trait." msgstr "" #: src/generics/exercise.md src/generics/solution.md msgid "/// Return true if self is less than other.\n" msgstr "" #: src/generics/exercise.md msgid "// TODO: implement the `min` function used in `main`.\n" msgstr "" #: src/generics/exercise.md src/generics/solution.md msgid "\"Shapiro\"" msgstr "" #: src/generics/exercise.md src/generics/solution.md msgid "\"Baumann\"" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-2-afternoon.md msgid "[Standard Library Types](./std-types.md) (1 hour and 10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-2-afternoon.md msgid "[Standard Library Traits](./std-traits.md) (1 hour and 40 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/std-types.md msgid "[Standard Library](./std-types/std.md) (3 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/std-types.md msgid "[Documentation](./std-types/docs.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/std-types.md msgid "[Option](./std-types/option.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/std-types.md msgid "[Result](./std-types/result.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/std-types.md msgid "[String](./std-types/string.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/std-types.md msgid "[Vec](./std-types/vec.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/std-types.md msgid "[HashMap](./std-types/hashmap.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/std-types.md msgid "[Exercise: Counter](./std-types/exercise.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/std-types.md src/memory-management.md src/slices-and-lifetimes.md msgid "This segment should take about 1 hour and 10 minutes" msgstr "" #: src/std-types.md msgid "" "For each of the slides in this section, spend some time reviewing the " "documentation pages, highlighting some of the more common methods." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/std.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust comes with a standard library which helps establish a set of common " "types used by Rust libraries and programs. This way, two libraries can work " "together smoothly because they both use the same `String` type." msgstr "" "Rust jest dostarczany ze standardową biblioteką, która pomaga ustalić zestaw " "typowych typów używany przez bibliotekę i programy Rusta. W ten sposób dwie " "biblioteki mogą ze sobą współpracować płynnie, ponieważ oba używają tego " "samego typu `String`." #: src/std-types/std.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "In fact, Rust contains several layers of the Standard Library: `core`, " "`alloc` and `std`." msgstr "" "W rzeczywistości Rust zawiera kilka warstw Biblioteki Standardowej: `core`, " "`alloc` i `std`." #: src/std-types/std.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`core` includes the most basic types and functions that don't depend on " "`libc`, allocator or even the presence of an operating system." msgstr "" "`core` zawiera najbardziej podstawowe typy i funkcje, które nie zależą od " "`libc`, alokatora lub nawet obecność systemu operacyjnego." #: src/std-types/std.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`alloc` includes types which require a global heap allocator, such as `Vec`, " "`Box` and `Arc`." msgstr "" "`alloc` obejmuje typy, które wymagają globalnego alokatora sterty, takie jak " "`Vec`, `Box` i `Arc`." #: src/std-types/std.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Embedded Rust applications often only use `core`, and sometimes `alloc`." msgstr "" "Aplikacje Embedded Rust często używają tylko `core`, a czasami `alloc`." #: src/std-types/docs.md msgid "Rust comes with extensive documentation. For example:" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/docs.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "All of the details about [loops](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/reference/" "expressions/loop-expr.html)." msgstr "" "Zobacz [Odniesienie do Rust](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/type-layout." "html)." #: src/std-types/docs.md msgid "" "Primitive types like [`u8`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/primitive." "u8.html)." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/docs.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Standard library types like [`Option`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/" "option/enum.Option.html) or [`BinaryHeap`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/" "std/collections/struct.BinaryHeap.html)." msgstr "" "[`Read`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Read.html) i [`Write`]" "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Write.html) używane do IO," #: src/std-types/docs.md msgid "In fact, you can document your own code:" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/docs.md msgid "" "/// Determine whether the first argument is divisible by the second " "argument.\n" "///\n" "/// If the second argument is zero, the result is false.\n" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/docs.md msgid "" "The contents are treated as Markdown. All published Rust library crates are " "automatically documented at [`docs.rs`](https://docs.rs) using the [rustdoc]" "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/rustdoc/what-is-rustdoc.html) tool. It is " "idiomatic to document all public items in an API using this pattern." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/docs.md msgid "" "To document an item from inside the item (such as inside a module), use `//!" "` or `/*! .. */`, called \"inner doc comments\":" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/docs.md msgid "" "//! This module contains functionality relating to divisibility of " "integers.\n" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/docs.md msgid "" "Show students the generated docs for the `rand` crate at ." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/option.md #, fuzzy msgid "Option" msgstr "Funkcje" #: src/std-types/option.md msgid "" "We have already seen some use of `Option`. It stores either a value of " "type `T` or nothing. For example, [`String::find`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" "stable/std/string/struct.String.html#method.find) returns an `Option`." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/option.md msgid "\"Löwe 老虎 Léopard Gepardi\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/option.md msgid "'é'" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/option.md msgid "\"find returned {position:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/option.md msgid "'Z'" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/option.md msgid "\"Character not found\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/option.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Option` is widely used, not just in the standard library." msgstr "" "`Opcja` i `Wynik` są szeroko stosowane nie tylko w standardowej bibliotece." #: src/std-types/option.md msgid "" "`unwrap` will return the value in an `Option`, or panic. `expect` is similar " "but takes an error message." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/option.md msgid "" "You can panic on None, but you can't \"accidentally\" forget to check for " "None." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/option.md msgid "" "It's common to `unwrap`/`expect` all over the place when hacking something " "together, but production code typically handles `None` in a nicer fashion." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/option.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The niche optimization means that `Option` often has the same size in " "memory as `T`." msgstr "" "Jako optymalizacja niszowa dyskryminator wyliczeniowy jest łączony ze " "wskaźnikiem, dzięki czemu `Option<&Foo>` ma taki sam rozmiar jak `&Foo`." #: src/std-types/result.md msgid "Result" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/result.md msgid "" "`Result` is similar to `Option`, but indicates the success or failure of an " "operation, each with a different type. This is similar to the `Res` defined " "in the expression exercise, but generic: `Result` where `T` is used in " "the `Ok` variant and `E` appears in the `Err` variant." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/result.md msgid "\"diary.txt\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/result.md msgid "\"Dear diary: {contents} ({bytes} bytes)\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/result.md msgid "\"Could not read file content\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/result.md msgid "\"The diary could not be opened: {err}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/result.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "As with `Option`, the successful value sits inside of `Result`, forcing the " "developer to explicitly extract it. This encourages error checking. In the " "case where an error should never happen, `unwrap()` or `expect()` can be " "called, and this is a signal of the developer intent too." msgstr "" "Podobnie jak w przypadku `Opcji`, pomyślna wartość znajduje się wewnątrz " "`Result`, zmuszając programistę do tego wyraźnie go wyodrębnić. To zachęca " "do sprawdzania błędów. W przypadku, gdy błąd nigdy nie powinien się " "wydarzyć, Można wywołać `unwrap()` lub `expect()`, co również jest sygnałem " "intencji programisty." #: src/std-types/result.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Result` documentation is a recommended read. Not during the course, but it " "is worth mentioning. It contains a lot of convenience methods and functions " "that help functional-style programming." msgstr "" "Dokumentacja `Result` jest zalecaną lekturą. Nie w trakcie kursu, ale warto " "o tym wspomnieć. Zawiera wiele wygodnych metod i funkcji, które pomagają " "programować w stylu funkcjonalnym." #: src/std-types/result.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Result` is the standard type to implement error handling as we will see on " "Day 3." msgstr "" "`Result` to standardowy typ implementacji obsługi błędów, jak zobaczymy w " "dniu 3." #: src/std-types/string.md msgid "String" msgstr "String" #: src/std-types/string.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`String`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/struct.String.html) is the " "standard heap-allocated growable UTF-8 string buffer:" msgstr "" "[`String`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/struct.String.html) to " "standardowy bufor ciągów znaków UTF-8 przydzielony na stercie:" #: src/std-types/string.md src/std-traits/read-and-write.md #: src/memory-management/review.md src/testing/unit-tests.md #: src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md msgid "\"Hello\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/string.md msgid "\"s1: len = {}, capacity = {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/string.md msgid "'!'" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/string.md msgid "\"s2: len = {}, capacity = {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/string.md msgid "\"🇨🇭\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/string.md msgid "\"s3: len = {}, number of chars = {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/string.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`String` implements [`Deref`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/" "string/struct.String.html#deref-methods-str), which means that you can call " "all `str` methods on a `String`." msgstr "" "`String` implementuje [`Deref`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/" "string/struct.String.html#deref-methods-str), co oznacza, że możesz wywołać " "wszystkie Metody `str` na `Stringu`." #: src/std-types/string.md msgid "" "`String::new` returns a new empty string, use `String::with_capacity` when " "you know how much data you want to push to the string." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/string.md msgid "" "`String::len` returns the size of the `String` in bytes (which can be " "different from its length in characters)." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/string.md msgid "" "`String::chars` returns an iterator over the actual characters. Note that a " "`char` can be different from what a human will consider a \"character\" due " "to [grapheme clusters](https://docs.rs/unicode-segmentation/latest/" "unicode_segmentation/struct.Graphemes.html)." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/string.md msgid "" "When people refer to strings they could either be talking about `&str` or " "`String`." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/string.md msgid "" "When a type implements `Deref`, the compiler will let you " "transparently call methods from `T`." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/string.md msgid "" "We haven't discussed the `Deref` trait yet, so at this point this mostly " "explains the structure of the sidebar in the documentation." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/string.md msgid "" "`String` implements `Deref` which transparently gives it " "access to `str`'s methods." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/string.md msgid "Write and compare `let s3 = s1.deref();` and `let s3 = &*s1;`." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/string.md msgid "" "`String` is implemented as a wrapper around a vector of bytes, many of the " "operations you see supported on vectors are also supported on `String`, but " "with some extra guarantees." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/string.md msgid "Compare the different ways to index a `String`:" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/string.md msgid "" "To a character by using `s3.chars().nth(i).unwrap()` where `i` is in-bound, " "out-of-bounds." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/string.md msgid "" "To a substring by using `s3[0..4]`, where that slice is on character " "boundaries or not." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/vec.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`Vec`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec.html) is the standard " "resizable heap-allocated buffer:" msgstr "" "[`Vec`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec.html) to standardowy " "bufor alokowany na stercie o zmiennym rozmiarze:" #: src/std-types/vec.md msgid "\"v1: len = {}, capacity = {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/vec.md msgid "\"v2: len = {}, capacity = {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/vec.md msgid "// Canonical macro to initialize a vector with elements.\n" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/vec.md msgid "// Retain only the even elements.\n" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/vec.md msgid "\"{v3:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/vec.md msgid "// Remove consecutive duplicates.\n" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/vec.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Vec` implements [`Deref`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/" "struct.Vec.html#deref-methods-%5BT%5D), which means that you can call slice " "methods on a `Vec`." msgstr "" "`Vec` implementuje [`Deref`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/" "struct.Vec.html#deref-methods-[T]), co oznacza, że możesz wywołać slice " "metody na `Vec`." #: src/std-types/vec.md msgid "" "`Vec` is a type of collection, along with `String` and `HashMap`. The data " "it contains is stored on the heap. This means the amount of data doesn't " "need to be known at compile time. It can grow or shrink at runtime." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/vec.md msgid "" "Notice how `Vec` is a generic type too, but you don't have to specify `T` " "explicitly. As always with Rust type inference, the `T` was established " "during the first `push` call." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/vec.md msgid "" "`vec![...]` is a canonical macro to use instead of `Vec::new()` and it " "supports adding initial elements to the vector." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/vec.md msgid "" "To index the vector you use `[` `]`, but they will panic if out of bounds. " "Alternatively, using `get` will return an `Option`. The `pop` function will " "remove the last element." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/vec.md msgid "" "Slices are covered on day 3. For now, students only need to know that a " "value of type `Vec` gives access to all of the documented slice methods, too." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/hashmap.md #, fuzzy msgid "Standard hash map with protection against HashDoS attacks:" msgstr "Standardowa mapa haszująca z ochroną przed atakami HashDoS:" #: src/std-types/hashmap.md msgid "\"Adventures of Huckleberry Finn\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/hashmap.md msgid "\"Grimms' Fairy Tales\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/hashmap.md msgid "\"Pride and Prejudice\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/hashmap.md msgid "\"Les Misérables\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/hashmap.md msgid "\"We know about {} books, but not Les Misérables.\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/hashmap.md msgid "\"Alice's Adventure in Wonderland\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/hashmap.md msgid "\"{book}: {count} pages\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/hashmap.md msgid "\"{book} is unknown.\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/hashmap.md msgid "// Use the .entry() method to insert a value if nothing is found.\n" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/hashmap.md msgid "\"{page_counts:#?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/hashmap.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`HashMap` is not defined in the prelude and needs to be brought into scope." msgstr "" "`HashMap` nie jest zdefiniowany we wstępie i musi zostać uwzględniony w " "zakresie." #: src/std-types/hashmap.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Try the following lines of code. The first line will see if a book is in the " "hashmap and if not return an alternative value. The second line will insert " "the alternative value in the hashmap if the book is not found." msgstr "" "Wypróbuj następujące wiersze kodu. Pierwsza linia pokaże, czy książka " "znajduje się w mapie skrótów, a jeśli nie, zwróci wartość alternatywną. " "Drugi wiersz wstawi alternatywną wartość do mapy skrótów, jeśli książka nie " "zostanie znaleziona." #: src/std-types/hashmap.md msgid "\"Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/hashmap.md msgid "\"The Hunger Games\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/hashmap.md msgid "Unlike `vec!`, there is unfortunately no standard `hashmap!` macro." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/hashmap.md msgid "" "Although, since Rust 1.56, HashMap implements [`From<[(K, V); N]>`](https://" "doc.rust-lang.org/std/collections/hash_map/struct.HashMap.html#impl-" "From%3C%5B(K,+V);+N%5D%3E-for-HashMap%3CK,+V,+RandomState%3E), which allows " "us to easily initialize a hash map from a literal array:" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/hashmap.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Alternatively HashMap can be built from any `Iterator` which yields key-" "value tuples." msgstr "" "Alternatywnie HashMap można zbudować z dowolnego `Iteratora`, który daje " "krotki klucz-wartość." #: src/std-types/hashmap.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "We are showing `HashMap`, and avoid using `&str` as key to make " "examples easier. Using references in collections can, of course, be done, " "but it can lead into complications with the borrow checker." msgstr "" "Pokazujemy `HashMap` i unikamy używania `&str` jako klucza, aby " "ułatwić przykłady. Korzystanie z referencji w kolekcjach jest oczywiście " "możliwe, ale może to prowadzić do komplikacji z sprawdzaniem pożyczek." #: src/std-types/hashmap.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Try removing `to_string()` from the example above and see if it still " "compiles. Where do you think we might run into issues?" msgstr "" "Spróbuj usunąć `to_string()` z powyższego przykładu i sprawdź, czy nadal się " "kompiluje. Jak myślisz, gdzie możemy napotkać problemy?" #: src/std-types/hashmap.md msgid "" "This type has several \"method-specific\" return types, such as `std::" "collections::hash_map::Keys`. These types often appear in searches of the " "Rust docs. Show students the docs for this type, and the helpful link back " "to the `keys` method." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/exercise.md msgid "" "In this exercise you will take a very simple data structure and make it " "generic. It uses a [`std::collections::HashMap`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" "stable/std/collections/struct.HashMap.html) to keep track of which values " "have been seen and how many times each one has appeared." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/exercise.md msgid "" "The initial version of `Counter` is hard coded to only work for `u32` " "values. Make the struct and its methods generic over the type of value being " "tracked, that way `Counter` can track any type of value." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/exercise.md msgid "" "If you finish early, try using the [`entry`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" "stable/std/collections/struct.HashMap.html#method.entry) method to halve the " "number of hash lookups required to implement the `count` method." msgstr "" #: src/std-types/exercise.md src/std-types/solution.md msgid "" "/// Counter counts the number of times each value of type T has been seen.\n" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/exercise.md src/std-types/solution.md msgid "/// Create a new Counter.\n" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/exercise.md src/std-types/solution.md msgid "/// Count an occurrence of the given value.\n" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/exercise.md src/std-types/solution.md msgid "/// Return the number of times the given value has been seen.\n" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/exercise.md src/std-types/solution.md msgid "\"saw {} values equal to {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/exercise.md src/std-types/solution.md msgid "\"apple\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/exercise.md src/std-types/solution.md msgid "\"orange\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-types/exercise.md src/std-types/solution.md msgid "\"got {} apples\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits.md msgid "[Comparisons](./std-traits/comparisons.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits.md msgid "[Operators](./std-traits/operators.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits.md msgid "[From and Into](./std-traits/from-and-into.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits.md msgid "[Casting](./std-traits/casting.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits.md msgid "[Read and Write](./std-traits/read-and-write.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits.md msgid "[Default, struct update syntax](./std-traits/default.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits.md msgid "[Closures](./std-traits/closures.md) (20 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits.md msgid "[Exercise: ROT13](./std-traits/exercise.md) (30 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits.md msgid "This segment should take about 1 hour and 40 minutes" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits.md msgid "" "As with the standard-library types, spend time reviewing the documentation " "for each trait." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits.md msgid "This section is long. Take a break midway through." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/comparisons.md msgid "" "These traits support comparisons between values. All traits can be derived " "for types containing fields that implement these traits." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/comparisons.md msgid "`PartialEq` and `Eq`" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/comparisons.md msgid "" "`PartialEq` is a partial equivalence relation, with required method `eq` and " "provided method `ne`. The `==` and `!=` operators will call these methods." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/comparisons.md msgid "" "`Eq` is a full equivalence relation (reflexive, symmetric, and transitive) " "and implies `PartialEq`. Functions that require full equivalence will use " "`Eq` as a trait bound." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/comparisons.md #, fuzzy msgid "`PartialOrd` and `Ord`" msgstr "`Odczyt` i `Zapis`" #: src/std-traits/comparisons.md msgid "" "`PartialOrd` defines a partial ordering, with a `partial_cmp` method. It is " "used to implement the `<`, `<=`, `>=`, and `>` operators." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/comparisons.md msgid "`Ord` is a total ordering, with `cmp` returning `Ordering`." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/comparisons.md msgid "" "`PartialEq` can be implemented between different types, but `Eq` cannot, " "because it is reflexive:" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/comparisons.md msgid "" "In practice, it's common to derive these traits, but uncommon to implement " "them." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/operators.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Operator overloading is implemented via traits in [`std::ops`](https://doc." "rust-lang.org/std/ops/index.html):" msgstr "" "Przeciążanie operatora jest realizowane poprzez cechy w [`std::ops`](https://" "doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/index.html):" #: src/std-traits/operators.md msgid "\"{:?} + {:?} = {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/operators.md src/memory-management/drop.md #, fuzzy msgid "Discussion points:" msgstr "Punkty dyskusji:" #: src/std-traits/operators.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You could implement `Add` for `&Point`. In which situations is that useful?" msgstr "" "Możesz zaimplementować `Add` dla `&Point`. W jakich sytuacjach jest to " "przydatne?" #: src/std-traits/operators.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Answer: `Add:add` consumes `self`. If type `T` for which you are overloading " "the operator is not `Copy`, you should consider overloading the operator for " "`&T` as well. This avoids unnecessary cloning on the call site." msgstr "" "Odpowiedź: `Add:add` zużywa `self`. Jeśli wpisz `T` za którym jesteś " "przeciążanie operatora nie jest `Kopiuj`, powinieneś rozważyć przeciążanie " "operator dla `&T` również. Pozwala to uniknąć niepotrzebnego klonowania w " "pliku Zadzwoń do serwisu." #: src/std-traits/operators.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Why is `Output` an associated type? Could it be made a type parameter of the " "method?" msgstr "" "Dlaczego `Output` jest powiązanym typem? Czy można go ustawić jako parametr " "typu?" #: src/std-traits/operators.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Short answer: Function type parameters are controlled by the caller, but " "associated types (like `Output`) are controlled by the implementer of a " "trait." msgstr "" "Krótka odpowiedź: Parametry typu są kontrolowane przez dzwoniącego, ale " "powiązane typy (takie jak `Output`) są kontrolowane przez implementatora a " "cecha." #: src/std-traits/operators.md msgid "" "You could implement `Add` for two different types, e.g. `impl Add<(i32, " "i32)> for Point` would add a tuple to a `Point`." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/from-and-into.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Types implement [`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From." "html) and [`Into`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) to " "facilitate type conversions:" msgstr "" "Typy implementują [`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From." "html) i [`Into`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) w " "celu ułatwienia konwersji typów:" #: src/std-traits/from-and-into.md msgid "\"{s}, {addr}, {one}, {bigger}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/from-and-into.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`Into`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) is " "automatically implemented when [`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/" "convert/trait.From.html) is implemented:" msgstr "" "[`Into`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) jest " "automatycznie implementowane po zaimplementowaniu [`From`](https://doc.rust-" "lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html):" #: src/std-traits/from-and-into.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "That's why it is common to only implement `From`, as your type will get " "`Into` implementation too." msgstr "" "Dlatego często implementuje się tylko `From`, ponieważ twój typ również " "otrzyma implementację `Into`." #: src/std-traits/from-and-into.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "When declaring a function argument input type like \"anything that can be " "converted into a `String`\", the rule is opposite, you should use `Into`. " "Your function will accept types that implement `From` and those that _only_ " "implement `Into`." msgstr "" "Deklarując typ wejściowy argumentu funkcji, taki jak „wszystko, co można " "przekonwertować na `String`”, zasada jest odwrotna, należy użyć `Into`. " "Twoja funkcja akceptuje typy, które implementują `From` i te, które _tylko_ " "implementują `Into`." #: src/std-traits/casting.md msgid "" "Rust has no _implicit_ type conversions, but does support explicit casts " "with `as`. These generally follow C semantics where those are defined." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/casting.md msgid "\"as u16: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/casting.md msgid "\"as i16: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/casting.md msgid "\"as u8: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/casting.md msgid "" "The results of `as` are _always_ defined in Rust and consistent across " "platforms. This might not match your intuition for changing sign or casting " "to a smaller type -- check the docs, and comment for clarity." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/casting.md msgid "" "Casting with `as` is a relatively sharp tool that is easy to use " "incorrectly, and can be a source of subtle bugs as future maintenance work " "changes the types that are used or the ranges of values in types. Casts are " "best used only when the intent is to indicate unconditional truncation (e.g. " "selecting the bottom 32 bits of a `u64` with `as u32`, regardless of what " "was in the high bits)." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/casting.md msgid "" "For infallible casts (e.g. `u32` to `u64`), prefer using `From` or `Into` " "over `as` to confirm that the cast is in fact infallible. For fallible " "casts, `TryFrom` and `TryInto` are available when you want to handle casts " "that fit differently from those that don't." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/casting.md msgid "Consider taking a break after this slide." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/casting.md msgid "" "`as` is similar to a C++ static cast. Use of `as` in cases where data might " "be lost is generally discouraged, or at least deserves an explanatory " "comment." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/casting.md msgid "This is common in casting integers to `usize` for use as an index." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Using [`Read`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Read.html) and " "[`BufRead`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.BufRead.html), you can " "abstract over `u8` sources:" msgstr "" "Używając [`Read`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Read.html) i " "[`BufRead`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.BufRead.html), możesz " "wyodrębnić źródła `u8`:" #: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md msgid "b\"foo\\nbar\\nbaz\\n\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md msgid "\"lines in slice: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md msgid "\"lines in file: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Similarly, [`Write`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Write.html) lets " "you abstract over `u8` sinks:" msgstr "" "Podobnie, [`Write`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Write.html) " "pozwala na abstrakcję nad ujściami `u8`:" #: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md msgid "\"\\n\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md msgid "\"World\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md msgid "\"Logged: {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/default.md #, fuzzy msgid "The `Default` Trait" msgstr "Cecha „Domyślna”." #: src/std-traits/default.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`Default`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/default/trait.Default.html) trait " "produces a default value for a type." msgstr "" "Cecha [`Default`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/default/trait.Default.html) " "zapewnia domyślną implementację cechy." #: src/std-traits/default.md msgid "\"John Smith\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/default.md msgid "\"{default_struct:#?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/default.md msgid "\"Y is set!\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/default.md msgid "\"{almost_default_struct:#?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/default.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "\"{:#?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/default.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "It can be implemented directly or it can be derived via `#[derive(Default)]`." msgstr "" "Może być zaimplementowany bezpośrednio lub wyprowadzony przez " "`#[derive(Default)]`." #: src/std-traits/default.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "A derived implementation will produce a value where all fields are set to " "their default values." msgstr "" "Implementacja pochodna utworzy instancję, w której wszystkie pola zostaną " "ustawione na wartości domyślne." #: src/std-traits/default.md #, fuzzy msgid "This means all types in the struct must implement `Default` too." msgstr "" "Oznacza to, że wszystkie typy w strukturze muszą również implementować " "`Default`." #: src/std-traits/default.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Standard Rust types often implement `Default` with reasonable values (e.g. " "`0`, `\"\"`, etc)." msgstr "" "Standardowe typy Rust często implementują `Default` z rozsądnymi wartościami " "(np. `0`, `\"\"` itp.)." #: src/std-traits/default.md #, fuzzy msgid "The partial struct initialization works nicely with default." msgstr "Częściowa kopia struktury dobrze działa z ustawieniami domyślnymi." #: src/std-traits/default.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The Rust standard library is aware that types can implement `Default` and " "provides convenience methods that use it." msgstr "" "Standardowa biblioteka Rust jest świadoma, że typy mogą implementować " "`Default` i zapewnia wygodne metody, które z niej korzystają." #: src/std-traits/default.md msgid "" "The `..` syntax is called [struct update syntax](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" "book/ch05-01-defining-structs.html#creating-instances-from-other-instances-" "with-struct-update-syntax)." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/closures.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Closures or lambda expressions have types which cannot be named. However, " "they implement special [`Fn`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Fn." "html), [`FnMut`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.FnMut.html), and " "[`FnOnce`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.FnOnce.html) traits:" msgstr "" "Domknięcia lub wyrażenia lambda mają typy, których nie można nazwać. Jednak " "oni zaimplementować specjalne [`Fn`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait." "Fn.html), [`FnMut`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.FnMut.html) oraz " "[`FnOnce`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.FnOnce.html) cechy:" #: src/std-traits/closures.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"Calling function on {input}\"" msgstr "Wywoływanie niebezpiecznych funkcji" #: src/std-traits/closures.md msgid "\"add_3: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/closures.md msgid "\"accumulate: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/closures.md msgid "\"multiply_sum: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/closures.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "An `Fn` (e.g. `add_3`) neither consumes nor mutates captured values, or " "perhaps captures nothing at all. It can be called multiple times " "concurrently." msgstr "" "`Fn` ani nie konsumuje, ani nie mutuje przechwyconych wartości, a być może w " "ogóle nie przechwytuje niczego, więc może być wywoływane wiele razy " "jednocześnie." #: src/std-traits/closures.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "An `FnMut` (e.g. `accumulate`) might mutate captured values. You can call it " "multiple times, but not concurrently." msgstr "" "`FnMut` może zmutować przechwycone wartości, więc możesz go wywoływać wiele " "razy, ale nie jednocześnie." #: src/std-traits/closures.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "If you have an `FnOnce` (e.g. `multiply_sum`), you may only call it once. It " "might consume captured values." msgstr "" "Jeśli masz `FnOnce`, możesz wywołać go tylko raz. Może zużywać przechwycone " "wartości." #: src/std-traits/closures.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`FnMut` is a subtype of `FnOnce`. `Fn` is a subtype of `FnMut` and `FnOnce`. " "I.e. you can use an `FnMut` wherever an `FnOnce` is called for, and you can " "use an `Fn` wherever an `FnMut` or `FnOnce` is called for." msgstr "" "`FnMut` jest podtypem `FnOnce`. `Fn` jest podtypem `FnMut` i `FnOnce`. Tj. " "możesz użyć `FnMut` wszędzie tam, gdzie wymagane jest `FnOnce`, a `Fn` można " "użyć wszędzie tam, gdzie `FnMut` lub `FnOnce` jest wezwany." #: src/std-traits/closures.md msgid "" "When you define a function that takes a closure, you should take `FnOnce` if " "you can (i.e. you call it once), or `FnMut` else, and last `Fn`. This allows " "the most flexibility for the caller." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/closures.md msgid "" "In contrast, when you have a closure, the most flexible you can have is `Fn` " "(it can be passed everywhere), then `FnMut`, and lastly `FnOnce`." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/closures.md msgid "" "The compiler also infers `Copy` (e.g. for `add_3`) and `Clone` (e.g. " "`multiply_sum`), depending on what the closure captures." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/closures.md msgid "" "By default, closures will capture by reference if they can. The `move` " "keyword makes them capture by value." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/closures.md msgid "\"Hi\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/closures.md msgid "\"there\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/exercise.md msgid "" "In this example, you will implement the classic [\"ROT13\" cipher](https://" "en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROT13). Copy this code to the playground, and " "implement the missing bits. Only rotate ASCII alphabetic characters, to " "ensure the result is still valid UTF-8." msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/exercise.md msgid "// Implement the `Read` trait for `RotDecoder`.\n" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/exercise.md src/std-traits/solution.md msgid "\"Gb trg gb gur bgure fvqr!\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/exercise.md src/std-traits/solution.md msgid "\"To get to the other side!\"" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/exercise.md msgid "" "What happens if you chain two `RotDecoder` instances together, each rotating " "by 13 characters?" msgstr "" #: src/std-traits/solution.md msgid "'A'" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-3.md msgid "Welcome to Day 3" msgstr "Witamy w dniu 3" #: src/welcome-day-3.md msgid "Today, we will cover:" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-3.md msgid "" "Memory management, lifetimes, and the borrow checker: how Rust ensures " "memory safety." msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-3.md msgid "Smart pointers: standard library pointer types." msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-3.md msgid "[Welcome](./welcome-day-3.md) (3 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-3.md msgid "[Memory Management](./memory-management.md) (1 hour and 10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-3.md msgid "[Smart Pointers](./smart-pointers.md) (45 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-3.md msgid "" "Including 10 minute breaks, this session should take about 2 hours and 15 " "minutes" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management.md msgid "[Review of Program Memory](./memory-management/review.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management.md msgid "" "[Approaches to Memory Management](./memory-management/approaches.md) (10 " "minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management.md msgid "[Ownership](./memory-management/ownership.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management.md msgid "[Move Semantics](./memory-management/move.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management.md msgid "[Clone](./memory-management/clone.md) (2 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management.md msgid "[Copy Types](./memory-management/copy-types.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management.md msgid "[Drop](./memory-management/drop.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management.md msgid "[Exercise: Builder Type](./memory-management/exercise.md) (20 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/review.md msgid "Programs allocate memory in two ways:" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/review.md msgid "Stack: Continuous area of memory for local variables." msgstr "Stos: ciągły obszar pamięci dla zmiennych lokalnych." #: src/memory-management/review.md msgid "Values have fixed sizes known at compile time." msgstr "Wartości mają stałe rozmiary znane w czasie kompilacji." #: src/memory-management/review.md msgid "Extremely fast: just move a stack pointer." msgstr "Niezwykle szybki: wystarczy przesunąć wskaźnik stosu." #: src/memory-management/review.md msgid "Easy to manage: follows function calls." msgstr "Łatwy w zarządzaniu: podąża za wywołaniami funkcji." #: src/memory-management/review.md msgid "Great memory locality." msgstr "Świetna lokalność pamięci." #: src/memory-management/review.md msgid "Heap: Storage of values outside of function calls." msgstr "Sterta: Przechowywanie wartości poza wywołaniami funkcji." #: src/memory-management/review.md msgid "Values have dynamic sizes determined at runtime." msgstr "Wartości mają dynamiczne rozmiary określone w czasie wykonywania." #: src/memory-management/review.md msgid "Slightly slower than the stack: some book-keeping needed." msgstr "Nieco wolniejsza niż stos: potrzebne trochę księgowości." #: src/memory-management/review.md msgid "No guarantee of memory locality." msgstr "Brak gwarancji lokalności pamięci." #: src/memory-management/review.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Creating a `String` puts fixed-sized metadata on the stack and dynamically " "sized data, the actual string, on the heap:" msgstr "" "Utworzenie `String` powoduje umieszczenie danych o stałym rozmiarze na " "stosie i danych o dynamicznym rozmiarze na stercie:" #: src/memory-management/review.md msgid "" "Mention that a `String` is backed by a `Vec`, so it has a capacity and " "length and can grow if mutable via reallocation on the heap." msgstr "" "Wspomnij, że `String` jest oparty o `Vec`, więc ma pojemność i długość, i " "jeżeli jest mutowalny to może rosnąć poprzez realokację na stercie." #: src/memory-management/review.md msgid "" "If students ask about it, you can mention that the underlying memory is heap " "allocated using the [System Allocator](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/alloc/" "struct.System.html) and custom allocators can be implemented using the " "[Allocator API](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/alloc/index.html)" msgstr "" "Jeżeli uczniowie o to zapytają to możesz wspomnieć, że pamięć na stercie " "jest alokowana za pomocą [alokatora systemowego](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" "std/alloc/struct.System.html) I własny alokator może być zaimplementowany " "używając [API alokatora](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/alloc/index.html)" #: src/memory-management/review.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "We can inspect the memory layout with `unsafe` Rust. However, you should " "point out that this is rightfully unsafe!" msgstr "" "Możemy zrobić inspekcję rozłożenia pamięci w niebezpiecznym (`unsafe`) " "kodzie. Jednak należy zauważyć, że jest to niebezpieczne!" #: src/memory-management/review.md src/testing/unit-tests.md msgid "' '" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/review.md msgid "\"world\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/review.md msgid "" "// DON'T DO THIS AT HOME! For educational purposes only.\n" " // String provides no guarantees about its layout, so this could lead " "to\n" " // undefined behavior.\n" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/review.md msgid "\"ptr = {ptr:#x}, len = {len}, capacity = {capacity}\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/approaches.md msgid "Traditionally, languages have fallen into two broad categories:" msgstr "Tradycyjnie języki dzieliły się na dwie szerokie kategorie:" #: src/memory-management/approaches.md msgid "Full control via manual memory management: C, C++, Pascal, ..." msgstr "" "Pełna kontrola poprzez ręczne zarządzanie pamięcią: C, C++, Pascal, ..." #: src/memory-management/approaches.md msgid "Programmer decides when to allocate or free heap memory." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/approaches.md msgid "" "Programmer must determine whether a pointer still points to valid memory." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/approaches.md msgid "Studies show, programmers make mistakes." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/approaches.md msgid "" "Full safety via automatic memory management at runtime: Java, Python, Go, " "Haskell, ..." msgstr "" "Pełne bezpieczeństwo dzięki automatycznemu zarządzaniu pamięcią w czasie " "wykonywania: Java, Python, Go, Haskell, ..." #: src/memory-management/approaches.md msgid "" "A runtime system ensures that memory is not freed until it can no longer be " "referenced." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/approaches.md msgid "" "Typically implemented with reference counting, garbage collection, or RAII." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/approaches.md msgid "Rust offers a new mix:" msgstr "Rust oferuje nową mieszankę:" #: src/memory-management/approaches.md msgid "" "Full control _and_ safety via compile time enforcement of correct memory " "management." msgstr "" "Pełna kontrola _i_ bezpieczeństwo poprzez egzekwowanie poprawnego " "zarządzania pamięcią w czasie kompilacji." #: src/memory-management/approaches.md msgid "It does this with an explicit ownership concept." msgstr "Czyni to z wyraźną koncepcją własności." #: src/memory-management/approaches.md msgid "" "This slide is intended to help students coming from other languages to put " "Rust in context." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/approaches.md msgid "" "C must manage heap manually with `malloc` and `free`. Common errors include " "forgetting to call `free`, calling it multiple times for the same pointer, " "or dereferencing a pointer after the memory it points to has been freed." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/approaches.md msgid "" "C++ has tools like smart pointers (`unique_ptr`, `shared_ptr`) that take " "advantage of language guarantees about calling destructors to ensure memory " "is freed when a function returns. It is still quite easy to mis-use these " "tools and create similar bugs to C." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/approaches.md msgid "" "Java, Go, and Python rely on the garbage collector to identify memory that " "is no longer reachable and discard it. This guarantees that any pointer can " "be dereferenced, eliminating use-after-free and other classes of bugs. But, " "GC has a runtime cost and is difficult to tune properly." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/approaches.md msgid "" "Rust's ownership and borrowing model can, in many cases, get the performance " "of C, with alloc and free operations precisely where they are required -- " "zero cost. It also provides tools similar to C++'s smart pointers. When " "required, other options such as reference counting are available, and there " "are even third-party crates available to support runtime garbage collection " "(not covered in this class)." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/ownership.md msgid "" "All variable bindings have a _scope_ where they are valid and it is an error " "to use a variable outside its scope:" msgstr "" "Wszystkie przywiązania zmiennych mają _zakres_, w którym są prawidłowe. " "Użycie zmiennej poza jej zakresem jest błędem:" #: src/memory-management/ownership.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "We say that the variable _owns_ the value. Every Rust value has precisely " "one owner at all times." msgstr "Mówi się, że zmienna _posiada_ wartość." #: src/memory-management/ownership.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "At the end of the scope, the variable is _dropped_ and the data is freed. A " "destructor can run here to free up resources." msgstr "Na końcu zakresu, zmienna jest _upuszczana_ i dane są zwalniane." #: src/memory-management/ownership.md msgid "" "Students familiar with garbage-collection implementations will know that a " "garbage collector starts with a set of \"roots\" to find all reachable " "memory. Rust's \"single owner\" principle is a similar idea." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/move.md #, fuzzy msgid "An assignment will transfer _ownership_ between variables:" msgstr "Przypisanie przeniesie własność pomiędzy zmiennymi:" #: src/memory-management/move.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"Hello!\"" msgstr "Witaj świecie!" #: src/memory-management/move.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md msgid "\"s2: {s2}\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/move.md #, fuzzy msgid "// println!(\"s1: {s1}\");\n" msgstr "" "```\n" "println!(\"potem: {a}\");\n" "```" #: src/memory-management/move.md msgid "The assignment of `s1` to `s2` transfers ownership." msgstr "Przypisanie `s1` do `s2` przenosi własność." #: src/memory-management/move.md #, fuzzy msgid "When `s1` goes out of scope, nothing happens: it does not own anything." msgstr "" "Kiedy zmienna `s1` wychodzi poza zakres, nic się nie dzieje: nie ma " "własności." #: src/memory-management/move.md msgid "When `s2` goes out of scope, the string data is freed." msgstr "" "Kiedy zmienna `s2` wychodzi poza zakres, dane łańcucha znaków są zwalniane." #: src/memory-management/move.md msgid "Before move to `s2`:" msgstr "Przed przeniesieniem do `s2`:" #: src/memory-management/move.md msgid "After move to `s2`:" msgstr "Po przeniesieniu do `s2`:" #: src/memory-management/move.md msgid "" "```bob\n" " Stack Heap\n" ".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - -.\n" ": : : :\n" ": s1 \"(inaccessible)\" : : :\n" ": +-----------+-------+ : : +----+----+----+----+ :\n" ": | ptr | o---+---+--+--+-->| R | u | s | t | :\n" ": | len | 4 | : | : +----+----+----+----+ :\n" ": | capacity | 4 | : | : :\n" ": +-----------+-------+ : | : :\n" ": : | `- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" ": s2 : |\n" ": +-----------+-------+ : |\n" ": | ptr | o---+---+--'\n" ": | len | 4 | :\n" ": | capacity | 4 | :\n" ": +-----------+-------+ :\n" ": :\n" "`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" "```" msgstr "" "```bob\n" " Stos Sterta\n" ".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - -.\n" ": : : :\n" ": s1 \"(inaccessible)\" : : :\n" ": +-----------+-------+ : : +----+----+----+----+ :\n" ": | ptr | o---+---+--+--+-->| R | u | s | t | :\n" ": | len | 4 | : | : +----+----+----+----+ :\n" ": | capacity | 4 | : | : :\n" ": +-----------+-------+ : | : :\n" ": : | `- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" ": s2 : |\n" ": +-----------+-------+ : |\n" ": | ptr | o---+---+--'\n" ": | len | 4 | :\n" ": | capacity | 4 | :\n" ": +-----------+-------+ :\n" ": :\n" "`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" "```" #: src/memory-management/move.md msgid "" "When you pass a value to a function, the value is assigned to the function " "parameter. This transfers ownership:" msgstr "" "Kiedy przekazujesz wartość do funkcji, wartość jest przypisywana do " "parametru funkcji. To przenosi własność:" #: src/memory-management/move.md msgid "\"Hello {name}\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/move.md src/android/interoperability/java.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"Alice\"" msgstr "Wycinki" #: src/memory-management/move.md msgid "// say_hello(name);\n" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/move.md msgid "" "Mention that this is the opposite of the defaults in C++, which copies by " "value unless you use `std::move` (and the move constructor is defined!)." msgstr "" "Wspomnij, że jest to na odwrót niż w C++, który domyślnie kopiuje wartości " "chyba, że jest użyte `std::move` (i zdefiniowany konstruktor przenoszenia!)." #: src/memory-management/move.md msgid "" "It is only the ownership that moves. Whether any machine code is generated " "to manipulate the data itself is a matter of optimization, and such copies " "are aggressively optimized away." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/move.md msgid "" "Simple values (such as integers) can be marked `Copy` (see later slides)." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/move.md msgid "In Rust, clones are explicit (by using `clone`)." msgstr "W Ruście, klonowanie jest jawne (za pomocą `clone`)." #: src/memory-management/move.md msgid "In the `say_hello` example:" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/move.md msgid "" "With the first call to `say_hello`, `main` gives up ownership of `name`. " "Afterwards, `name` cannot be used anymore within `main`." msgstr "" "Przy pierwszym wywołaniu `say_hello`, `main` oddaje własność `name`. Potem " "`name` nie może być już użyte wewnątrz `main`." #: src/memory-management/move.md msgid "" "The heap memory allocated for `name` will be freed at the end of the " "`say_hello` function." msgstr "" "Dane zaalokowane na stercie dla `name` będą zwolnione na końcu wywołania " "funkcji `say_hello`." #: src/memory-management/move.md msgid "" "`main` can retain ownership if it passes `name` as a reference (`&name`) and " "if `say_hello` accepts a reference as a parameter." msgstr "" "`main` może zachować własność jeżeli przekaże `name` jako referencję " "(`&name`) i jeżeli `say_hello` akceptuje referencję jako parameter." #: src/memory-management/move.md msgid "" "Alternatively, `main` can pass a clone of `name` in the first call (`name." "clone()`)." msgstr "" "Alternatywnie, `main` może przekazać klona `name` w pierwszym wywołaniu " "(`name.clone()`)." #: src/memory-management/move.md msgid "" "Rust makes it harder than C++ to inadvertently create copies by making move " "semantics the default, and by forcing programmers to make clones explicit." msgstr "" "Przez używanie semantyki przenoszenia domyślnie i przez zmuszanie " "programistów do jawnego tworzenia klonów, Rust powoduje, że przypadkowe " "tworzenie kopii jest trudniejsze niż w C++." #: src/memory-management/move.md #, fuzzy msgid "Defensive Copies in Modern C++" msgstr "Podwójne zwalnianie pamięci w nowoczesnym C++" #: src/memory-management/move.md msgid "Modern C++ solves this differently:" msgstr "Nowoczesny C++ rozwiązuje to inaczej:" #: src/memory-management/move.md msgid "\"Cpp\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/move.md msgid "// Duplicate the data in s1.\n" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/move.md msgid "" "The heap data from `s1` is duplicated and `s2` gets its own independent copy." msgstr "" "Dane sterty z `s1` są zduplikowane i `s2` dostaje swoją niezależną kopię." #: src/memory-management/move.md msgid "When `s1` and `s2` go out of scope, they each free their own memory." msgstr "" "Kiedy `s1` i `s2` wychodzą poza zakres, obydwie zmienne zwalniają swoją " "pamięć." #: src/memory-management/move.md msgid "Before copy-assignment:" msgstr "Przed przypisywaniem kopiującym:" #: src/memory-management/move.md msgid "After copy-assignment:" msgstr "Po przypisaniu kopiującym:" #: src/memory-management/move.md msgid "" "C++ has made a slightly different choice than Rust. Because `=` copies data, " "the string data has to be cloned. Otherwise we would get a double-free when " "either string goes out of scope." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/move.md msgid "" "C++ also has [`std::move`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/move), " "which is used to indicate when a value may be moved from. If the example had " "been `s2 = std::move(s1)`, no heap allocation would take place. After the " "move, `s1` would be in a valid but unspecified state. Unlike Rust, the " "programmer is allowed to keep using `s1`." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/move.md msgid "" "Unlike Rust, `=` in C++ can run arbitrary code as determined by the type " "which is being copied or moved." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/clone.md msgid "Clone" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/clone.md msgid "" "Sometimes you _want_ to make a copy of a value. The `Clone` trait " "accomplishes this." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/clone.md msgid "" "The idea of `Clone` is to make it easy to spot where heap allocations are " "occurring. Look for `.clone()` and a few others like `Vec::new` or `Box::" "new`." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/clone.md msgid "" "It's common to \"clone your way out\" of problems with the borrow checker, " "and return later to try to optimize those clones away." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/copy-types.md msgid "" "While move semantics are the default, certain types are copied by default:" msgstr "" "Semantyka przenoszenia jest domyślna, ale niektóre typy są domyślnie " "kopiowane:" #: src/memory-management/copy-types.md msgid "These types implement the `Copy` trait." msgstr "Te typy implementują cechę `Copy`." #: src/memory-management/copy-types.md msgid "You can opt-in your own types to use copy semantics:" msgstr "" "Możesz spowodować żeby semantyka kopiowania była używana dla twoich własnych " "typów:" #: src/memory-management/copy-types.md msgid "After the assignment, both `p1` and `p2` own their own data." msgstr "" "Po przypisaniu, obydwie zmienne `p1` i `p2` mają swoje dane na własność." #: src/memory-management/copy-types.md msgid "We can also use `p1.clone()` to explicitly copy the data." msgstr "Możemy też użyć `p1.clone()` żeby jawnie skopiować dane." #: src/memory-management/copy-types.md msgid "Copying and cloning are not the same thing:" msgstr "Kopiowanie i klonowanie to nie to samo:" #: src/memory-management/copy-types.md msgid "" "Copying refers to bitwise copies of memory regions and does not work on " "arbitrary objects." msgstr "" "Kopiowanie odnosi się do bezpośredniego kopiowania pamięci i nie działa dla " "wszystkich obiektów." #: src/memory-management/copy-types.md msgid "" "Copying does not allow for custom logic (unlike copy constructors in C++)." msgstr "" "Kopiowanie nie pozwala na własną logikę (jak konstruktory kopiowania w C++)." #: src/memory-management/copy-types.md msgid "" "Cloning is a more general operation and also allows for custom behavior by " "implementing the `Clone` trait." msgstr "" "Klonowanie jest ogólniejszą operacją i pozwala na własne zachowanie poprzez " "implementację cechy `Clone`." #: src/memory-management/copy-types.md msgid "Copying does not work on types that implement the `Drop` trait." msgstr "Kopiowanie nie działa na typach, które implementują cechę `Drop`." #: src/memory-management/copy-types.md msgid "In the above example, try the following:" msgstr "W powyższym przykładzie spróbuj następującego:" #: src/memory-management/copy-types.md msgid "" "Add a `String` field to `struct Point`. It will not compile because `String` " "is not a `Copy` type." msgstr "" "Dodaj pole `String` do `struct Point`. Nie skompiluje się bo `String` nie " "jest typem `Copy`." #: src/memory-management/copy-types.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Remove `Copy` from the `derive` attribute. The compiler error is now in the " "`println!` for `p1`." msgstr "" "Usuń `Copy` z atrybutu `derive`. Kompilator teraz zwróci błąd w `println!` " "dla `p1`." #: src/memory-management/copy-types.md msgid "Show that it works if you clone `p1` instead." msgstr "Pokaż, że zadziała jeżeli zamiast tego sklonujesz `p1`." #: src/memory-management/drop.md #, fuzzy msgid "The `Drop` Trait" msgstr "Cecha „Upuść”." #: src/memory-management/drop.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Values which implement [`Drop`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Drop." "html) can specify code to run when they go out of scope:" msgstr "" "Wartości, które implementują [`Drop`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/" "trait.Drop.html), mogą określać kod do wykonania, gdy wykraczają poza zakres:" #: src/memory-management/drop.md msgid "\"Dropping {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/drop.md src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"a\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/drop.md src/testing/googletest.md msgid "\"b\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/drop.md msgid "\"c\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/drop.md msgid "\"d\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/drop.md msgid "\"Exiting block B\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/drop.md msgid "\"Exiting block A\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/drop.md msgid "\"Exiting main\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/drop.md msgid "Note that `std::mem::drop` is not the same as `std::ops::Drop::drop`." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/drop.md msgid "Values are automatically dropped when they go out of scope." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/drop.md msgid "" "When a value is dropped, if it implements `std::ops::Drop` then its `Drop::" "drop` implementation will be called." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/drop.md msgid "" "All its fields will then be dropped too, whether or not it implements `Drop`." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/drop.md msgid "" "`std::mem::drop` is just an empty function that takes any value. The " "significance is that it takes ownership of the value, so at the end of its " "scope it gets dropped. This makes it a convenient way to explicitly drop " "values earlier than they would otherwise go out of scope." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/drop.md msgid "" "This can be useful for objects that do some work on `drop`: releasing locks, " "closing files, etc." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/drop.md #, fuzzy msgid "Why doesn't `Drop::drop` take `self`?" msgstr "Dlaczego `Drop::drop` nie przyjmuje `self`?" #: src/memory-management/drop.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Short-answer: If it did, `std::mem::drop` would be called at the end of the " "block, resulting in another call to `Drop::drop`, and a stack overflow!" msgstr "" "Krótka odpowiedź: gdyby tak było, `std::mem::drop` zostałoby wywołane na " "końcu blok, co skutkuje kolejnym wywołaniem `Drop::drop` i stosem przelewowy!" #: src/memory-management/drop.md #, fuzzy msgid "Try replacing `drop(a)` with `a.drop()`." msgstr "Spróbuj zamienić `drop(a)` na `a.drop()`." #: src/memory-management/exercise.md msgid "" "In this example, we will implement a complex data type that owns all of its " "data. We will use the \"builder pattern\" to support building a new value " "piece-by-piece, using convenience functions." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md msgid "Fill in the missing pieces." msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md msgid "/// A representation of a software package.\n" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md msgid "" "/// Return a representation of this package as a dependency, for use in\n" " /// building other packages.\n" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md msgid "\"1\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md msgid "" "/// A builder for a Package. Use `build()` to create the `Package` itself.\n" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md msgid "\"2\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md msgid "/// Set the package version.\n" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md msgid "/// Set the package authors.\n" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md msgid "\"3\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md msgid "/// Add an additional dependency.\n" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md msgid "\"4\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md msgid "/// Set the language. If not set, language defaults to None.\n" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md msgid "\"5\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md msgid "\"base64\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md msgid "\"0.13\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md msgid "\"base64: {base64:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md msgid "\"log\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md msgid "\"0.4\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md msgid "\"log: {log:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md msgid "\"serde\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md msgid "\"djmitche\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md msgid "\"4.0\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md msgid "\"serde: {serde:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/memory-management/solution.md msgid "\"0.1\"" msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers.md msgid "[Box" msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers.md msgid "](./smart-pointers/box.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers.md msgid "[Rc](./smart-pointers/rc.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers.md msgid "[Exercise: Binary Tree](./smart-pointers/exercise.md) (30 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers/box.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`Box`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/boxed/struct.Box.html) is an owned " "pointer to data on the heap:" msgstr "" "[`Box`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/boxed/struct.Box.html) jest posiadanym " "wskaźnikiem do danych na stercie:" #: src/smart-pointers/box.md msgid "\"five: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers/box.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Box` implements `Deref`, which means that you can [call " "methods from `T` directly on a `Box`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/" "trait.Deref.html#more-on-deref-coercion)." msgstr "" "`Box` implementuje `Deref`, co oznacza, że możesz [wywoływać " "metody z `T` bezpośrednio na `Box`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/" "trait.Deref.html#more-on-deref-coercion)." #: src/smart-pointers/box.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Recursive data types or data types with dynamic sizes need to use a `Box`:" msgstr "" "Rekurencyjne typy danych lub typy danych o dynamicznych rozmiarach muszą " "używać `Box`:" #: src/smart-pointers/box.md msgid "/// A non-empty list: first element and the rest of the list.\n" msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers/box.md msgid "/// An empty list.\n" msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers/box.md msgid "\"{list:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers/box.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "```bob\n" " Stack Heap\n" ".- - - - - - - - - - - - - - . .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " "- - - - -.\n" ": : : :\n" ": " "list : : :\n" ": +---------+----+----+ : : +---------+----+----+ +------+----" "+----+ :\n" ": | Element | 1 | o--+----+-----+--->| Element | 2 | o--+--->| Nil | // " "| // | :\n" ": +---------+----+----+ : : +---------+----+----+ +------+----" "+----+ :\n" ": : : :\n" ": : : :\n" "'- - - - - - - - - - - - - - ' '- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " "- - - - -'\n" "```" msgstr "" "```bob\n" " Stos Sterta\n" ".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -.\n" ": : : :\n" ": s1 : : :\n" ": +-----------+-------+ : : +----+----+----+----+----+ :\n" ": | ptr | o---+---+-----+-->| H | e | l | l | o | :\n" ": | len | 5 | : : +----+----+----+----+----+ :\n" ": | capacity | 5 | : : :\n" ": +-----------+-------+ : : :\n" ": : `- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" "`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" "```" #: src/smart-pointers/box.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Box` is like `std::unique_ptr` in C++, except that it's guaranteed to be " "not null." msgstr "" "`Box` jest jak `std::unique_ptr` w C++, z tą różnicą, że nie jest puste." #: src/smart-pointers/box.md #, fuzzy msgid "A `Box` can be useful when you:" msgstr "Pudełko może być przydatne, gdy:" #: src/smart-pointers/box.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "have a type whose size that can't be known at compile time, but the Rust " "compiler wants to know an exact size." msgstr "" "mieć typ, którego rozmiar nie może być znany w czasie kompilacji, ale " "kompilator Rust chce znać dokładny rozmiar." #: src/smart-pointers/box.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "want to transfer ownership of a large amount of data. To avoid copying large " "amounts of data on the stack, instead store the data on the heap in a `Box` " "so only the pointer is moved." msgstr "" "chcesz przenieść własność dużej ilości danych. Aby uniknąć kopiowania dużych " "ilości danych na stosie, zamiast tego przechowuj dane na stercie w `Box`, " "tak aby przesuwany był tylko wskaźnik." #: src/smart-pointers/box.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "If `Box` was not used and we attempted to embed a `List` directly into the " "`List`, the compiler would not compute a fixed size of the struct in memory " "(`List` would be of infinite size)." msgstr "" "Jeśli `Box` nie został tutaj użyty i próbowaliśmy osadzić `List` " "bezpośrednio w `List`, kompilator nie obliczyłby stałego rozmiaru struktury " "w pamięci, wyglądałby na nieskończony." #: src/smart-pointers/box.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Box` solves this problem as it has the same size as a regular pointer and " "just points at the next element of the `List` in the heap." msgstr "" "`Box` rozwiązuje ten problem, ponieważ ma taki sam rozmiar jak zwykły " "wskaźnik i po prostu wskazuje następny element „Listy” w stercie." #: src/smart-pointers/box.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Remove the `Box` in the List definition and show the compiler error. " "\"Recursive with indirection\" is a hint you might want to use a Box or " "reference of some kind, instead of storing a value directly." msgstr "" "Usuń `Box` w definicji listy i pokaż błąd kompilatora. „Rekurencyjne z " "kierunkiem” to wskazówka, że możesz chcieć użyć pewnego rodzaju pudełka lub " "odniesienia, zamiast bezpośrednio przechowywać wartość." #: src/smart-pointers/box.md msgid "Niche Optimization" msgstr "Niszowa optymalizacja" #: src/smart-pointers/box.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "A `Box` cannot be empty, so the pointer is always valid and non-`null`. This " "allows the compiler to optimize the memory layout:" msgstr "" "`Box` nie może być pusty, więc wskaźnik jest zawsze ważny i nie ma wartości " "`null`. Ten pozwala kompilatorowi zoptymalizować układ pamięci:" #: src/smart-pointers/box.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "```bob\n" " Stack Heap\n" ".- - - - - - - - - - - - - - . .- - - - - - - - - - - - - -.\n" ": : : :\n" ": list : : :\n" ": +---------+----+----+ : : +---------+----+----+ :\n" ": | Element | 1 | o--+----+-----+--->| Element | 2 | // | :\n" ": +---------+----+----+ : : +---------+----+----+ :\n" ": : : :\n" ": : : :\n" "'- - - - - - - - - - - - - - ' '- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" "```" msgstr "" "```bob\n" " Stos Sterta\n" ".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -.\n" ": : : :\n" ": s1 : : :\n" ": +-----------+-------+ : : +----+----+----+----+----+ :\n" ": | ptr | o---+---+-----+-->| H | e | l | l | o | :\n" ": | len | 5 | : : +----+----+----+----+----+ :\n" ": | capacity | 5 | : : :\n" ": +-----------+-------+ : : :\n" ": : `- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" "`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" "```" #: src/smart-pointers/rc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`Rc`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/rc/struct.Rc.html) is a reference-" "counted shared pointer. Use this when you need to refer to the same data " "from multiple places:" msgstr "" "[`Rc`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/rc/struct.Rc.html) jest współdzielonym " "wskaźnikiem zliczanym przez referencje. Użyj tego, gdy potrzebujesz się " "odnieść do tych samych danych z wielu miejsc:" #: src/smart-pointers/rc.md msgid "\"a: {a}\"" msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers/rc.md msgid "\"b: {b}\"" msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers/rc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "See [`Arc`](../concurrency/shared_state/arc.md) and [`Mutex`](https://doc." "rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html) if you are in a multi-threaded " "context." msgstr "" "Zobacz [`Arc`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html), jeśli " "pracujesz w kontekście wielowątkowym." #: src/smart-pointers/rc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You can _downgrade_ a shared pointer into a [`Weak`](https://doc.rust-lang." "org/std/rc/struct.Weak.html) pointer to create cycles that will get dropped." msgstr "" "Możesz _zmniejszyć_ współdzielony wskaźnik do wskaźnika [`Weak`](https://doc." "rust-lang.org/std/rc/struct.Weak.html), aby tworzyć cykle że zostanie " "upuszczony." #: src/smart-pointers/rc.md msgid "" "`Rc`'s count ensures that its contained value is valid for as long as there " "are references." msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers/rc.md msgid "`Rc` in Rust is like `std::shared_ptr` in C++." msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers/rc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Rc::clone` is cheap: it creates a pointer to the same allocation and " "increases the reference count. Does not make a deep clone and can generally " "be ignored when looking for performance issues in code." msgstr "" "`clone` jest tanie: tworzy wskaźnik do tej samej alokacji i zwiększa liczbę " "odwołań." #: src/smart-pointers/rc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`make_mut` actually clones the inner value if necessary (\"clone-on-write\") " "and returns a mutable reference." msgstr "" "`make_mut` faktycznie klonuje wewnętrzną wartość, jeśli to konieczne („clone-" "on-write”) i zwraca mutowalną referencję." #: src/smart-pointers/rc.md msgid "Use `Rc::strong_count` to check the reference count." msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers/rc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Rc::downgrade` gives you a _weakly reference-counted_ object to create " "cycles that will be dropped properly (likely in combination with `RefCell`)." msgstr "" "Możesz `downgrade()` `Rc` do obiektu _słabo zliczanego_, aby tworzyć cykle, " "które zostaną poprawnie upuszczone (prawdopodobnie w połączeniu z `Komórka " "Ref`)." #: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md msgid "" "A binary tree is a tree-type data structure where every node has two " "children (left and right). We will create a tree where each node stores a " "value. For a given node N, all nodes in a N's left subtree contain smaller " "values, and all nodes in N's right subtree will contain larger values." msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md msgid "Implement the following types, so that the given tests pass." msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md msgid "" "Extra Credit: implement an iterator over a binary tree that returns the " "values in order." msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md src/smart-pointers/solution.md msgid "/// A node in the binary tree.\n" msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md src/smart-pointers/solution.md msgid "/// A possibly-empty subtree.\n" msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md src/smart-pointers/solution.md msgid "" "/// A container storing a set of values, using a binary tree.\n" "///\n" "/// If the same value is added multiple times, it is only stored once.\n" msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md msgid "// Implement `new`, `insert`, `len`, and `has`.\n" msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md src/smart-pointers/solution.md msgid "// not a unique item\n" msgstr "" #: src/smart-pointers/solution.md src/testing/googletest.md msgid "\"bar\"" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-3-afternoon.md msgid "[Borrowing](./borrowing.md) (1 hour)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-3-afternoon.md msgid "" "[Slices and Lifetimes](./slices-and-lifetimes.md) (1 hour and 10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-3-afternoon.md msgid "" "Including 10 minute breaks, this session should take about 2 hours and 20 " "minutes" msgstr "" #: src/borrowing.md msgid "[Borrowing a Value](./borrowing/shared.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/borrowing.md msgid "[Borrow Checking](./borrowing/borrowck.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/borrowing.md msgid "[Interior Mutability](./borrowing/interior-mutability.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/borrowing.md msgid "[Exercise: Health Statistics](./borrowing/exercise.md) (30 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/borrowing/shared.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "As we saw before, instead of transferring ownership when calling a function, " "you can let a function _borrow_ the value:" msgstr "" "Zamiast przekazywania własności w momencie wywołania funkcji, możesz " "_pożyczyć_ funkcji wartość:" #: src/borrowing/shared.md msgid "The `add` function _borrows_ two points and returns a new point." msgstr "Funkcja `add` _pożycza_ dwa punkty i zwraca nowy punkt." #: src/borrowing/shared.md msgid "The caller retains ownership of the inputs." msgstr "Wywołujący funkcję zachowuje własność." #: src/borrowing/shared.md msgid "" "This slide is a review of the material on references from day 1, expanding " "slightly to include function arguments and return values." msgstr "" #: src/borrowing/shared.md msgid "Notes on stack returns:" msgstr "Kilka notatek na temat zwracania przez stos:" #: src/borrowing/shared.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Demonstrate that the return from `add` is cheap because the compiler can " "eliminate the copy operation. Change the above code to print stack addresses " "and run it on the [Playground](https://play.rust-lang.org/?" "version=stable&mode=release&edition=2021&gist=0cb13be1c05d7e3446686ad9947c4671) " "or look at the assembly in [Godbolt](https://rust.godbolt.org/). In the " "\"DEBUG\" optimization level, the addresses should change, while they stay " "the same when changing to the \"RELEASE\" setting:" msgstr "" "Pokaż, że zwracanie z `add` jest tanie bo kompilator eliminuje kopiowanie. " "Zmień powyższy kod żeby pokazać adresy na stosie i uruchom w [Playground]" "(https://play.rust-lang.org/). W optymalizacji \"DEBUG\" adresy powinny się " "zmienić, ale przy użyciu ustawienia \"RELEASE\" powinny pozostać te same:" #: src/borrowing/shared.md msgid "The Rust compiler can do return value optimization (RVO)." msgstr "" #: src/borrowing/shared.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "In C++, copy elision has to be defined in the language specification because " "constructors can have side effects. In Rust, this is not an issue at all. If " "RVO did not happen, Rust will always perform a simple and efficient `memcpy` " "copy." msgstr "" "```\n" "* Kompilator Rusta może zoptymalizować zwracanie przez wartość (ang. _return " "value optimization_ (RVO)).\n" "* W C++, usuwanie kopii musi być zdefiniowane w specyfikacji języka bo " "konstruktory mogą mieć skutki uboczne. W Ruście nie stanowi to problemu. " "Jeżeli RVO nie było zastosowane, to Rust użyje prostej i wydajnej kopii " "`memcpy`.\n" "```" #: src/borrowing/borrowck.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust's _borrow checker_ puts constraints on the ways you can borrow values. " "For a given value, at any time:" msgstr "Rust narzuca ograniczenia na sposób w jaki można pożyczać wartości:" #: src/borrowing/borrowck.md #, fuzzy msgid "You can have one or more shared references to the value, _or_" msgstr "" "Możesz mieć jedno lub więcej pożyczeń wartości `&T` w tym samym czasie, " "_albo_" #: src/borrowing/borrowck.md #, fuzzy msgid "You can have exactly one exclusive reference to the value." msgstr "Możesz mieć dokładnie jedno pożyczenie wartości `&mut T`." #: src/borrowing/borrowck.md msgid "" "Note that the requirement is that conflicting references not _exist_ at the " "same point. It does not matter where the reference is dereferenced." msgstr "" #: src/borrowing/borrowck.md msgid "" "The above code does not compile because `a` is borrowed as mutable (through " "`c`) and as immutable (through `b`) at the same time." msgstr "" "Powyższy kod się nie kompiluje ponieważ `a` jest pożyczone jako mutowalne " "(przez `c`) i jako niemutowalne (przez `b`) w tym samym czasie." #: src/borrowing/borrowck.md msgid "" "Move the `println!` statement for `b` before the scope that introduces `c` " "to make the code compile." msgstr "" "Przenieś instrukcję `println!` dla `b` przed zakres, który wprowadza `c`, " "żeby kod się kompilował." #: src/borrowing/borrowck.md msgid "" "After that change, the compiler realizes that `b` is only ever used before " "the new mutable borrow of `a` through `c`. This is a feature of the borrow " "checker called \"non-lexical lifetimes\"." msgstr "" "Po zmianie, kompilator uświadomi sobie, że `b` jest tylko używane przed " "mutowalnym pożyczeniem `a` przez `c`. Ta funkcja nadzorcy pożyczania nazywa " "się \"nieleksykalne czasy życia\" (ang. _non-lexical lifetimes_)." #: src/borrowing/borrowck.md msgid "" "The exclusive reference constraint is quite strong. Rust uses it to ensure " "that data races do not occur. Rust also _relies_ on this constraint to " "optimize code. For example, a value behind a shared reference can be safely " "cached in a register for the lifetime of that reference." msgstr "" #: src/borrowing/borrowck.md msgid "" "The borrow checker is designed to accommodate many common patterns, such as " "taking exclusive references to different fields in a struct at the same " "time. But, there are some situations where it doesn't quite \"get it\" and " "this often results in \"fighting with the borrow checker.\"" msgstr "" #: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md msgid "" "In some situations, it's necessary to modify data behind a shared (read-" "only) reference. For example, a shared data structure might have an internal " "cache, and wish to update that cache from read-only methods." msgstr "" #: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md msgid "" "The \"interior mutability\" pattern allows exclusive (mutable) access behind " "a shared reference. The standard library provides several ways to do this, " "all while still ensuring safety, typically by performing a runtime check." msgstr "" #: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md #, fuzzy msgid "`RefCell`" msgstr "`RefKomórka`" #: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md msgid "\"graph: {root:#?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md msgid "\"graph sum: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Cell`" msgstr "`Komórka`" #: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md msgid "" "`Cell` wraps a value and allows getting or setting the value, even with a " "shared reference to the `Cell`. However, it does not allow any references to " "the value. Since there are no references, borrowing rules cannot be broken." msgstr "" #: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md msgid "" "The main thing to take away from this slide is that Rust provides _safe_ " "ways to modify data behind a shared reference. There are a variety of ways " "to ensure that safety, and `RefCell` and `Cell` are two of them." msgstr "" #: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md msgid "" "`RefCell` enforces Rust's usual borrowing rules (either multiple shared " "references or a single exclusive reference) with a runtime check. In this " "case, all borrows are very short and never overlap, so the checks always " "succeed." msgstr "" #: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md msgid "" "`Rc` only allows shared (read-only) access to its contents, since its " "purpose is to allow (and count) many references. But we want to modify the " "value, so we need interior mutability." msgstr "" #: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md msgid "" "`Cell` is a simpler means to ensure safety: it has a `set` method that takes " "`&self`. This needs no runtime check, but requires moving values, which can " "have its own cost." msgstr "" #: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md msgid "" "Demonstrate that reference loops can be created by adding `root` to `subtree." "children`." msgstr "" #: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md msgid "" "To demonstrate a runtime panic, add a `fn inc(&mut self)` that increments " "`self.value` and calls the same method on its children. This will panic in " "the presence of the reference loop, with `thread 'main' panicked at 'already " "borrowed: BorrowMutError'`." msgstr "" #: src/borrowing/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You're working on implementing a health-monitoring system. As part of that, " "you need to keep track of users' health statistics." msgstr "" "Pracujesz nad wdrożeniem systemu monitorowania stanu. W ramach tego ty muszą " "śledzić statystyki dotyczące zdrowia użytkowników." #: src/borrowing/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You'll start with a stubbed function in an `impl` block as well as a `User` " "struct definition. Your goal is to implement the stubbed out method on the " "`User` `struct` defined in the `impl` block." msgstr "" "Zaczniesz od niektórych funkcji skrótowych w bloku `impl`, jak również " "`Użytkownika` definicja struktury. Twoim celem jest zaimplementowanie " "wygaszonych metod na `User` `struct` zdefiniowana w bloku `impl`." #: src/borrowing/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Copy the code below to and fill in the missing " "method:" msgstr "" "Skopiuj poniższy kod na i uzupełnij brakujące " "metody:" #: src/borrowing/exercise.md msgid "" "\"Update a user's statistics based on measurements from a visit to the " "doctor\"" msgstr "" #: src/borrowing/exercise.md src/borrowing/solution.md #: src/android/build-rules/library.md src/android/aidl/client.md msgid "\"Bob\"" msgstr "" #: src/borrowing/exercise.md src/borrowing/solution.md msgid "\"I'm {} and my age is {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes.md msgid "[Slices: &\\[T\\]](./slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes.md msgid "[String References](./slices-and-lifetimes/str.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes.md msgid "" "[Lifetime Annotations](./slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md) (10 " "minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes.md msgid "" "[Lifetime Elision](./slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes.md msgid "" "[Struct Lifetimes](./slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes.md msgid "" "[Exercise: Protobuf Parsing](./slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md) (30 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md msgid "Slices" msgstr "Wycinki" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md msgid "A slice gives you a view into a larger collection:" msgstr "Wycinek daje wgląd w większą kolekcję:" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md msgid "Slices borrow data from the sliced type." msgstr "Wycinki pożyczają dane od ciętego typu." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md #, fuzzy msgid "Question: What happens if you modify `a[3]` right before printing `s`?" msgstr "Pytanie: Co się stanie, jeśli zmodyfikujesz `a[3]`?" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md msgid "" "We create a slice by borrowing `a` and specifying the starting and ending " "indexes in brackets." msgstr "" "Tworzymy wycinek, pożyczając `a` i określając indeksy początkowe i końcowe w " "nawiasach." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md msgid "" "If the slice starts at index 0, Rust’s range syntax allows us to drop the " "starting index, meaning that `&a[0..a.len()]` and `&a[..a.len()]` are " "identical." msgstr "" "Jeśli wycinek zaczyna się od indeksu 0, składnia zakresu Rusta pozwala nam " "pominąć indeks początkowy, co oznacza, że `&a[0..a.len()]` i `&a[..a.len()]` " "są identyczne ." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md msgid "" "The same is true for the last index, so `&a[2..a.len()]` and `&a[2..]` are " "identical." msgstr "" "To samo dotyczy ostatniego indeksu, więc `&a[2..a.len()]` i `&a[2..]` są " "identyczne." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md msgid "" "To easily create a slice of the full array, we can therefore use `&a[..]`." msgstr "Aby łatwo utworzyć wycinek pełnej tablicy, możemy zatem użyć `&a[..]`." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md msgid "" "`s` is a reference to a slice of `i32`s. Notice that the type of `s` " "(`&[i32]`) no longer mentions the array length. This allows us to perform " "computation on slices of different sizes." msgstr "" "`s` jest referencją do wycinka elementów `i32`. Zauważ, że typ `s` " "(`&[i32]`) nie wspomina już o długości tablicy. To pozwala nam wykonywać " "obliczenia na wycinkach o różnych rozmiarach." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Slices always borrow from another object. In this example, `a` has to remain " "'alive' (in scope) for at least as long as our slice." msgstr "" "Wycinki zawsze pożyczają od innego obiektu. W tym przykładzie `a` musi " "pozostać 'żywe' (w zakresie) przynajmniej tak długo, jak nasz wycinek." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The question about modifying `a[3]` can spark an interesting discussion, but " "the answer is that for memory safety reasons you cannot do it through `a` at " "this point in the execution, but you can read the data from both `a` and `s` " "safely. It works before you created the slice, and again after the " "`println`, when the slice is no longer used." msgstr "" "Pytanie o modyfikację `a[3]` może wywołać interesującą dyskusję, ale " "odpowiedź jest taka, że ze względów bezpieczeństwa pamięci nie możesz tego " "zrobić przez `a` po utworzeniu wycinka, ale możesz bezpiecznie odczytać dane " "zarówno z `a` jak i `s`. Więcej szczegółów zostanie wyjaśnionych w sekcji o " "nadzorcy pożyczania." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md msgid "" "We can now understand the two string types in Rust: `&str` is almost like " "`&[char]`, but with its data stored in a variable-length encoding (UTF-8)." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md msgid "\"s1: {s1}\"" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"Hello \"" msgstr "Witaj świecie!" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md msgid "\"s3: {s3}\"" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md msgid "Rust terminology:" msgstr "Terminologia Rusta:" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md msgid "`&str` an immutable reference to a string slice." msgstr "`&str` to niezmienna referencja do wycinka łańcucha." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md msgid "`String` a mutable string buffer." msgstr "`String` to zmienny bufor łańcucha znaków." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`&str` introduces a string slice, which is an immutable reference to UTF-8 " "encoded string data stored in a block of memory. String literals " "(`”Hello”`), are stored in the program’s binary." msgstr "" "`&str` wprowadza fragment łańcucha, który jest niezmiennym odniesieniem do " "danych łańcuchowych zakodowanych w UTF-8 przechowywanych w bloku pamięci. " "Literały łańcuchowe (`\"Witaj\"`) są przechowywane w pliku binarnym programu." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md msgid "" "Rust’s `String` type is a wrapper around a vector of bytes. As with a " "`Vec`, it is owned." msgstr "" "Typ `String` to opakowanie dla wektora bajtów. Tak jak `Vec`, ma dane na " "własność." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "As with many other types `String::from()` creates a string from a string " "literal; `String::new()` creates a new empty string, to which string data " "can be added using the `push()` and `push_str()` methods." msgstr "" "Tak jak z wieloma innymi typami `String::from()` tworzy łańcuch z literału " "znaków; `String::new()` tworzy pusty łańcuch, do którego można dodać dane " "za pomocą metod `push()` i `push_str()`." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The `format!()` macro is a convenient way to generate an owned string from " "dynamic values. It accepts the same format specification as `println!()`." msgstr "" "Makro `format!()` jest wygodnym sposobem generowania posiadanego łańcucha z " "wartości dynamicznych. Akceptuje tę samą specyfikację formatu co `println!" "()`." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md msgid "" "You can borrow `&str` slices from `String` via `&` and optionally range " "selection. If you select a byte range that is not aligned to character " "boundaries, the expression will panic. The `chars` iterator iterates over " "characters and is preferred over trying to get character boundaries right." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "For C++ programmers: think of `&str` as `std::string_view` from C++, but the " "one that always points to a valid string in memory. Rust `String` is a rough " "equivalent of `std::string` from C++ (main difference: it can only contain " "UTF-8 encoded bytes and will never use a small-string optimization)." msgstr "" "Dla programistów C++: myśl o `&str` jako o `const char*` z C++, ale tym, " "które zawsze wskazuje do prawidłowego ciągu w pamięci. Rust `String` jest " "przybliżonym odpowiednikiem `std::string` z C++ (główna różnica: może " "zawierać tylko bajty zakodowane w UTF-8 i nigdy nie użyje optymalizacji " "małych ciągów)." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md #, fuzzy msgid "Byte strings literals allow you to create a `&[u8]` value directly:" msgstr "Wyliczenia umożliwiają zebranie zestawu wartości w ramach jednego typu" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md msgid "" "A reference has a _lifetime_, which must not \"outlive\" the value it refers " "to. This is verified by the borrow checker." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md msgid "" "The lifetime can be implicit - this is what we have seen so far. Lifetimes " "can also be explicit: `&'a Point`, `&'document str`. Lifetimes start with " "`'` and `'a` is a typical default name. Read `&'a Point` as \"a borrowed " "`Point` which is valid for at least the lifetime `a`\"." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Lifetimes are always inferred by the compiler: you cannot assign a lifetime " "yourself. Explicit lifetime annotations create constraints where there is " "ambiguity; the compiler verifies that there is a valid solution." msgstr "" "Adnotacje czasu życia tworzą ograniczenia; kompilator weryfikuje, że " "istnieje prawidłowe rozwiązanie." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md msgid "" "Lifetimes become more complicated when considering passing values to and " "returning values from functions." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md msgid "// What is the lifetime of p3?\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md msgid "\"p3: {p3:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md msgid "" "In this example, the the compiler does not know what lifetime to infer for " "`p3`. Looking inside the function body shows that it can only safely assume " "that `p3`'s lifetime is the shorter of `p1` and `p2`. But just like types, " "Rust requires explicit annotations of lifetimes on function arguments and " "return values." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md msgid "Add `'a` appropriately to `left_most`:" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md msgid "" "This says, \"given p1 and p2 which both outlive `'a`, the return value lives " "for at least `'a`." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md msgid "" "In common cases, lifetimes can be elided, as described on the next slide." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md #, fuzzy msgid "Lifetimes in Function Calls" msgstr "Czas życia w wywołaniach funkcji" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md msgid "" "Lifetimes for function arguments and return values must be fully specified, " "but Rust allows lifetimes to be elided in most cases with [a few simple " "rules](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/lifetime-elision.html). This is not " "inference -- it is just a syntactic shorthand." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md msgid "Each argument which does not have a lifetime annotation is given one." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md msgid "" "If there is only one argument lifetime, it is given to all un-annotated " "return values." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md msgid "" "If there are multiple argument lifetimes, but the first one is for `self`, " "that lifetime is given to all un-annotated return values." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md msgid "In this example, `cab_distance` is trivially elided." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md msgid "" "The `nearest` function provides another example of a function with multiple " "references in its arguments that requires explicit annotation." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md msgid "Try adjusting the signature to \"lie\" about the lifetimes returned:" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md msgid "" "This won't compile, demonstrating that the annotations are checked for " "validity by the compiler. Note that this is not the case for raw pointers " "(unsafe), and this is a common source of errors with unsafe Rust." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md msgid "" "Students may ask when to use lifetimes. Rust borrows _always_ have " "lifetimes. Most of the time, elision and type inference mean these don't " "need to be written out. In more complicated cases, lifetime annotations can " "help resolve ambiguity. Often, especially when prototyping, it's easier to " "just work with owned data by cloning values where necessary." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md #, fuzzy msgid "Lifetimes in Data Structures" msgstr "Czasy życia w strukturach danych" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md msgid "" "If a data type stores borrowed data, it must be annotated with a lifetime:" msgstr "" "Jeżeli typ danych przechowuje pożyczone dane, to muszą one mieć adnotcję " "czasu życia:" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md msgid "\"Bye {text}!\"" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md msgid "\"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.\"" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md msgid "// erase(text);\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md msgid "\"{fox:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md msgid "\"{dog:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md msgid "" "In the above example, the annotation on `Highlight` enforces that the data " "underlying the contained `&str` lives at least as long as any instance of " "`Highlight` that uses that data." msgstr "" "W powyższym przykładzie, adnotacja na `Highlight` wymaga żeby dane w " "zawartym `&str` żyły co najmniej tak długo jak instancja `Highlight`, która " "używa tych danych." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md msgid "" "If `text` is consumed before the end of the lifetime of `fox` (or `dog`), " "the borrow checker throws an error." msgstr "" "Jeżeli `text` jest skonsumowany przed końcem życia `fox` (lub `dog`), to " "nadzorca pożyczania pokaże błąd." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md msgid "" "Types with borrowed data force users to hold on to the original data. This " "can be useful for creating lightweight views, but it generally makes them " "somewhat harder to use." msgstr "" "Typy z pożyczonymi danymi wymagają od użytkowników utrzymywania oryginalnych " "danych. Jest to przydatne przy tworzeniu lekkich widoków, ale generalnie " "powoduje, że są trudniejsze w użyciu." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md msgid "When possible, make data structures own their data directly." msgstr "" "Jeżeli możliwe twórz struktury danych, które bezpośrednio są właścicielami " "swoich danych." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md msgid "" "Some structs with multiple references inside can have more than one lifetime " "annotation. This can be necessary if there is a need to describe lifetime " "relationships between the references themselves, in addition to the lifetime " "of the struct itself. Those are very advanced use cases." msgstr "" "Niektóre struktury z wieloma referencjami mogą mieć więcej niż jedną " "adnotację cyklu życia. To może być potrzebne jeżeli potrzebujesz opisać " "relację cyklu życia pomiędzy referencjami w dodatku do cyklu życia samej " "struktury. Są to bardzo zaawansowane przypadki użycia." #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md msgid "" "In this exercise, you will build a parser for the [protobuf binary encoding]" "(https://protobuf.dev/programming-guides/encoding/). Don't worry, it's " "simpler than it seems! This illustrates a common parsing pattern, passing " "slices of data. The underlying data itself is never copied." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md msgid "" "Fully parsing a protobuf message requires knowing the types of the fields, " "indexed by their field numbers. That is typically provided in a `proto` " "file. In this exercise, we'll encode that information into `match` " "statements in functions that get called for each field." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md msgid "We'll use the following proto:" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md msgid "" "A proto message is encoded as a series of fields, one after the next. Each " "is implemented as a \"tag\" followed by the value. The tag contains a field " "number (e.g., `2` for the `id` field of a `Person` message) and a wire type " "defining how the payload should be determined from the byte stream." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md msgid "" "Integers, including the tag, are represented with a variable-length encoding " "called VARINT. Luckily, `parse_varint` is defined for you below. The given " "code also defines callbacks to handle `Person` and `PhoneNumber` fields, and " "to parse a message into a series of calls to those callbacks." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md msgid "" "What remains for you is to implement the `parse_field` function and the " "`ProtoMessage` trait for `Person` and `PhoneNumber`." msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "\"Invalid varint\"" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "\"Invalid wire-type\"" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "\"Unexpected EOF\"" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "\"Invalid length\"" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "\"Unexpected wire-type)\"" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "\"Invalid string (not UTF-8)\"" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "/// A wire type as seen on the wire.\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "/// The Varint WireType indicates the value is a single VARINT.\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "" "//I64, -- not needed for this exercise\n" " /// The Len WireType indicates that the value is a length represented as " "a\n" " /// VARINT followed by exactly that number of bytes.\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "" "/// The I32 WireType indicates that the value is precisely 4 bytes in\n" " /// little-endian order containing a 32-bit signed integer.\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "/// A field's value, typed based on the wire type.\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "//I64(i64), -- not needed for this exercise\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "/// A field, containing the field number and its value.\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "//1 => WireType::I64, -- not needed for this exercise\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "" "/// Parse a VARINT, returning the parsed value and the remaining bytes.\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "" "// This is the last byte of the VARINT, so convert it to\n" " // a u64 and return it.\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "// More than 7 bytes is invalid.\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "/// Convert a tag into a field number and a WireType.\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "/// Parse a field, returning the remaining bytes\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md msgid "" "\"Based on the wire type, build a Field, consuming as many bytes as " "necessary.\"" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md msgid "\"Return the field, and any un-consumed bytes.\"" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "" "/// Parse a message in the given data, calling `T::add_field` for each field " "in\n" "/// the message.\n" "///\n" "/// The entire input is consumed.\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md msgid "// TODO: Implement ProtoMessage for Person and PhoneNumber.\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "// Unwrap error because `value` is definitely 4 bytes long.\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "// skip everything else\n" msgstr "" #: src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md msgid "b\"hello\"" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-4.md msgid "Welcome to Day 4" msgstr "Witamy w dniu 4" #: src/welcome-day-4.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Today we will cover topics relating to building large-scale software in Rust:" msgstr "" "Dzisiaj omówimy kilka bardziej zaawansowanych zagadnień związanych z Rust:" #: src/welcome-day-4.md msgid "Iterators: a deep dive on the `Iterator` trait." msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-4.md msgid "Modules and visibility." msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-4.md #, fuzzy msgid "Testing." msgstr "Testowanie" #: src/welcome-day-4.md #, fuzzy msgid "Error handling: panics, `Result`, and the try operator `?`." msgstr "Obsługa błędów: paniki, `Result` i operator try `?`." #: src/welcome-day-4.md msgid "" "Unsafe Rust: the escape hatch when you can't express yourself in safe Rust." msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-4.md msgid "[Welcome](./welcome-day-4.md) (3 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-4.md msgid "[Iterators](./iterators.md) (45 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-4.md msgid "[Modules](./modules.md) (40 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-4.md msgid "[Testing](./testing.md) (1 hour and 5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/iterators.md msgid "[Iterator](./iterators/iterator.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/iterators.md msgid "[IntoIterator](./iterators/intoiterator.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/iterators.md msgid "[FromIterator](./iterators/fromiterator.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/iterators.md msgid "" "[Exercise: Iterator Method Chaining](./iterators/exercise.md) (30 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/iterators/iterator.md msgid "" "The [`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html) " "trait supports iterating over values in a collection. It requires a `next` " "method and provides lots of methods. Many standard library types implement " "`Iterator`, and you can implement it yourself, too:" msgstr "" #: src/iterators/iterator.md msgid "\"fib({i}): {n}\"" msgstr "" #: src/iterators/iterator.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The `Iterator` trait implements many common functional programming " "operations over collections (e.g. `map`, `filter`, `reduce`, etc). This is " "the trait where you can find all the documentation about them. In Rust these " "functions should produce the code as efficient as equivalent imperative " "implementations." msgstr "" "Cecha `Iterator` implementuje wiele typowych operacji programowania " "funkcyjnego na kolekcjach (np. `mapa`, `filtr`, `zmniejsz` itp.). Jest to " "cecha, w której można znaleźć całą dokumentację o nich. W Rust te funkcje " "powinny generować kod tak wydajny, jak równoważny imperatyw wdrożenia." #: src/iterators/iterator.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`IntoIterator` is the trait that makes for loops work. It is implemented by " "collection types such as `Vec` and references to them such as `&Vec` " "and `&[T]`. Ranges also implement it. This is why you can iterate over a " "vector with `for i in some_vec { .. }` but `some_vec.next()` doesn't exist." msgstr "" "`IntoIterator` to cecha, która sprawia, że pętle for działają. Jest " "implementowany przez typy kolekcji, takie jak `Vec` i odniesienia do " "nich, takie jak `&Vec` i `&[T]`. Realizują to również zakresy." #: src/iterators/intoiterator.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The `Iterator` trait tells you how to _iterate_ once you have created an " "iterator. The related trait [`IntoIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/" "iter/trait.IntoIterator.html) defines how to create an iterator for a type. " "It is used automatically by the `for` loop." msgstr "" "Cecha `Iterator` mówi ci, jak _iterować_ po utworzeniu iterator. Powiązana " "cecha `IntoIterator` mówi ci, jak stworzyć iterator:" #: src/iterators/intoiterator.md msgid "\"point = {x}, {y}\"" msgstr "" #: src/iterators/intoiterator.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Click through to the docs for `IntoIterator`. Every implementation of " "`IntoIterator` must declare two types:" msgstr "" "Składnia tutaj oznacza, że każda implementacja `IntoIterator` musi " "zadeklarować dwa typy:" #: src/iterators/intoiterator.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Item`: the type to iterate over, such as `i8`," msgstr "`Item`: typ, który iterujemy, na przykład `i8`," #: src/iterators/intoiterator.md #, fuzzy msgid "`IntoIter`: the `Iterator` type returned by the `into_iter` method." msgstr "`IntoIter`: typ `Iterator` zwracany przez metodę `into_iter`." #: src/iterators/intoiterator.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Note that `IntoIter` and `Item` are linked: the iterator must have the same " "`Item` type, which means that it returns `Option`" msgstr "" "Zauważ, że `IntoIter` i `Item` są połączone: iterator musi mieć to samo Typ " "`Item`, co oznacza, że zwraca `Option`" #: src/iterators/intoiterator.md msgid "The example iterates over all combinations of x and y coordinates." msgstr "" #: src/iterators/intoiterator.md msgid "" "Try iterating over the grid twice in `main`. Why does this fail? Note that " "`IntoIterator::into_iter` takes ownership of `self`." msgstr "" #: src/iterators/intoiterator.md msgid "" "Fix this issue by implementing `IntoIterator` for `&Grid` and storing a " "reference to the `Grid` in `GridIter`." msgstr "" #: src/iterators/intoiterator.md msgid "" "The same problem can occur for standard library types: `for e in " "some_vector` will take ownership of `some_vector` and iterate over owned " "elements from that vector. Use `for e in &some_vector` instead, to iterate " "over references to elements of `some_vector`." msgstr "" #: src/iterators/fromiterator.md msgid "FromIterator" msgstr "FromIterator" #: src/iterators/fromiterator.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`FromIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.FromIterator.html) " "lets you build a collection from an [`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" "std/iter/trait.Iterator.html)." msgstr "" "[`FromIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.FromIterator.html) " "pozwala zbudować kolekcję z [`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/" "trait.Iterator.html)." #: src/iterators/fromiterator.md msgid "\"prime_squares: {prime_squares:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/iterators/fromiterator.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Iterator` implements" msgstr "`Iterator`" #: src/iterators/fromiterator.md msgid "There are two ways to specify `B` for this method:" msgstr "" #: src/iterators/fromiterator.md msgid "" "With the \"turbofish\": `some_iterator.collect::()`, as " "shown. The `_` shorthand used here lets Rust infer the type of the `Vec` " "elements." msgstr "" #: src/iterators/fromiterator.md msgid "" "With type inference: `let prime_squares: Vec<_> = some_iterator.collect()`. " "Rewrite the example to use this form." msgstr "" #: src/iterators/fromiterator.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "There are basic implementations of `FromIterator` for `Vec`, `HashMap`, etc. " "There are also more specialized implementations which let you do cool things " "like convert an `Iterator>` into a `Result, E>`." msgstr "" "Istnieją również implementacje, które pozwalają robić fajne rzeczy, takie " "jak konwersja pliku `Iterator>` w `Wynik, E>`." #: src/iterators/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "In this exercise, you will need to find and use some of the provided methods " "in the [`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html) " "trait to implement a complex calculation." msgstr "" "Możesz zaimplementować cechę [`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/" "trait.Iterator.html) na swoich własnych typach:" #: src/iterators/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Copy the following code to and make the tests " "pass. Use an iterator expression and `collect` the result to construct the " "return value." msgstr "" "Skopiuj poniższy kod do i wykonaj testy " "przechodzić. Staraj się unikać przydzielania `Vec` dla wyników pośrednich:" #: src/iterators/exercise.md src/iterators/solution.md msgid "" "/// Calculate the differences between elements of `values` offset by " "`offset`,\n" "/// wrapping around from the end of `values` to the beginning.\n" "///\n" "/// Element `n` of the result is `values[(n+offset)%len] - values[n]`.\n" msgstr "" #: src/modules.md msgid "[Modules](./modules/modules.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/modules.md msgid "[Filesystem Hierarchy](./modules/filesystem.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/modules.md msgid "[Visibility](./modules/visibility.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/modules.md msgid "[use, super, self](./modules/paths.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/modules.md msgid "" "[Exercise: Modules for a GUI Library](./modules/exercise.md) (15 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/modules.md msgid "This segment should take about 40 minutes" msgstr "" #: src/modules/modules.md #, fuzzy msgid "We have seen how `impl` blocks let us namespace functions to a type." msgstr "" "Widzieliśmy, jak bloki `impl` pozwalają nam funkcjonować w przestrzeni nazw " "dla typu." #: src/modules/modules.md #, fuzzy msgid "Similarly, `mod` lets us namespace types and functions:" msgstr "Podobnie `mod` pozwala nam na typy i funkcje przestrzeni nazw:" #: src/modules/modules.md msgid "\"In the foo module\"" msgstr "" #: src/modules/modules.md msgid "\"In the bar module\"" msgstr "" #: src/modules/modules.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Packages provide functionality and include a `Cargo.toml` file that " "describes how to build a bundle of 1+ crates." msgstr "" "Pakiety zapewniają funkcjonalność i zawierają plik `Cargo.toml`, który " "opisuje, jak zbudować pakiet 1+ skrzynek." #: src/modules/modules.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Crates are a tree of modules, where a binary crate creates an executable and " "a library crate compiles to a library." msgstr "" "Skrzynki to drzewo modułów, w którym binarna skrzynia tworzy plik " "wykonywalny, a skrzynka biblioteczna kompiluje się do biblioteki." #: src/modules/modules.md #, fuzzy msgid "Modules define organization, scope, and are the focus of this section." msgstr "Moduły określają organizację, zakres i są tematem tej sekcji." #: src/modules/filesystem.md msgid "" "Omitting the module content will tell Rust to look for it in another file:" msgstr "" #: src/modules/filesystem.md msgid "" "This tells rust that the `garden` module content is found at `src/garden." "rs`. Similarly, a `garden::vegetables` module can be found at `src/garden/" "vegetables.rs`." msgstr "" #: src/modules/filesystem.md #, fuzzy msgid "The `crate` root is in:" msgstr "Korzeń `crate` znajduje się w:" #: src/modules/filesystem.md #, fuzzy msgid "`src/lib.rs` (for a library crate)" msgstr "`src/lib.rs` (dla skrzynki bibliotecznej)" #: src/modules/filesystem.md #, fuzzy msgid "`src/main.rs` (for a binary crate)" msgstr "`src/main.rs` (dla skrzynki binarnej)" #: src/modules/filesystem.md msgid "" "Modules defined in files can be documented, too, using \"inner doc " "comments\". These document the item that contains them -- in this case, a " "module." msgstr "" #: src/modules/filesystem.md msgid "" "//! This module implements the garden, including a highly performant " "germination\n" "//! implementation.\n" msgstr "" #: src/modules/filesystem.md msgid "// Re-export types from this module.\n" msgstr "" #: src/modules/filesystem.md msgid "/// Sow the given seed packets.\n" msgstr "" #: src/modules/filesystem.md msgid "/// Harvest the produce in the garden that is ready.\n" msgstr "" #: src/modules/filesystem.md msgid "" "Before Rust 2018, modules needed to be located at `module/mod.rs` instead of " "`module.rs`, and this is still a working alternative for editions after 2018." msgstr "" #: src/modules/filesystem.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The main reason to introduce `filename.rs` as alternative to `filename/mod." "rs` was because many files named `mod.rs` can be hard to distinguish in IDEs." msgstr "" "Głównym powodem zmiany jest uniemożliwienie wielu plików o nazwie `mod.rs`, " "co może być trudne rozróżniać w IDE." #: src/modules/filesystem.md msgid "Deeper nesting can use folders, even if the main module is a file:" msgstr "" #: src/modules/filesystem.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The place rust will look for modules can be changed with a compiler " "directive:" msgstr "" "Rust będzie szukał modułów w `modulename/mod.rs` i `modulename.rs`, ale " "można to zmienić z dyrektywą kompilatora:" #: src/modules/filesystem.md msgid "\"some/path.rs\"" msgstr "" #: src/modules/filesystem.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "This is useful, for example, if you would like to place tests for a module " "in a file named `some_module_test.rs`, similar to the convention in Go." msgstr "" "Jest to przydatne na przykład, jeśli chcesz umieścić testy modułu w pliku o " "nazwie `some_module_test.rs`, podobnie do konwencji w Go." #: src/modules/visibility.md #, fuzzy msgid "Modules are a privacy boundary:" msgstr "Moduły stanowią granicę prywatności:" #: src/modules/visibility.md #, fuzzy msgid "Module items are private by default (hides implementation details)." msgstr "" "Elementy modułu są domyślnie prywatne (ukrywa szczegóły implementacji)." #: src/modules/visibility.md #, fuzzy msgid "Parent and sibling items are always visible." msgstr "Elementy nadrzędne i rodzeństwo są zawsze widoczne." #: src/modules/visibility.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "In other words, if an item is visible in module `foo`, it's visible in all " "the descendants of `foo`." msgstr "" "Innymi słowy, jeśli element jest widoczny w module `foo`, jest widoczny we " "wszystkich modułach potomkowie `foo`." #: src/modules/visibility.md msgid "\"outer::private\"" msgstr "" #: src/modules/visibility.md msgid "\"outer::public\"" msgstr "" #: src/modules/visibility.md msgid "\"outer::inner::private\"" msgstr "" #: src/modules/visibility.md msgid "\"outer::inner::public\"" msgstr "" #: src/modules/visibility.md #, fuzzy msgid "Use the `pub` keyword to make modules public." msgstr "Użyj słowa kluczowego `pub`, aby upublicznić moduły." #: src/modules/visibility.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Additionally, there are advanced `pub(...)` specifiers to restrict the scope " "of public visibility." msgstr "" "Dodatkowo istnieją zaawansowane specyfikatory `pub(...)` ograniczające " "zakres publicznej widoczności." #: src/modules/visibility.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "See the [Rust Reference](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/visibility-and-" "privacy.html#pubin-path-pubcrate-pubsuper-and-pubself)." msgstr "" "Zobacz [Odniesienie do Rust](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/visibility-" "and-privacy.html#pubin-path-pubcrate-pubsuper-and-pubself))." #: src/modules/visibility.md #, fuzzy msgid "Configuring `pub(crate)` visibility is a common pattern." msgstr "Konfigurowanie widoczności `pub(crate)` jest powszechnym wzorcem." #: src/modules/visibility.md #, fuzzy msgid "Less commonly, you can give visibility to a specific path." msgstr "Rzadziej można zapewnić widoczność określonej ścieżce." #: src/modules/visibility.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "In any case, visibility must be granted to an ancestor module (and all of " "its descendants)." msgstr "" "W każdym przypadku widoczność musi być przyznana modułowi przodka (i " "wszystkim jego potomkom)." #: src/modules/paths.md msgid "use, super, self" msgstr "" #: src/modules/paths.md msgid "" "A module can bring symbols from another module into scope with `use`. You " "will typically see something like this at the top of each module:" msgstr "" #: src/modules/paths.md msgid "Paths" msgstr "Ścieżki" #: src/modules/paths.md #, fuzzy msgid "Paths are resolved as follows:" msgstr "Ścieżki są rozstrzygane w następujący sposób:" #: src/modules/paths.md #, fuzzy msgid "As a relative path:" msgstr "Jako ścieżka względna:" #: src/modules/paths.md #, fuzzy msgid "`foo` or `self::foo` refers to `foo` in the current module," msgstr "`foo` lub `self::foo` odnosi się do `foo` w bieżącym module," #: src/modules/paths.md #, fuzzy msgid "`super::foo` refers to `foo` in the parent module." msgstr "`super::foo` odnosi się do `foo` w module nadrzędnym." #: src/modules/paths.md #, fuzzy msgid "As an absolute path:" msgstr "Jako ścieżka bezwzględna:" #: src/modules/paths.md #, fuzzy msgid "`crate::foo` refers to `foo` in the root of the current crate," msgstr "`crate::foo` odnosi się do `foo` w katalogu głównym bieżącej skrzynki," #: src/modules/paths.md #, fuzzy msgid "`bar::foo` refers to `foo` in the `bar` crate." msgstr "`bar::foo` odnosi się do `foo` w skrzynce `bar`." #: src/modules/paths.md msgid "" "It is common to \"re-export\" symbols at a shorter path. For example, the " "top-level `lib.rs` in a crate might have" msgstr "" #: src/modules/paths.md msgid "" "making `DiskStorage` and `NetworkStorage` available to other crates with a " "convenient, short path." msgstr "" #: src/modules/paths.md msgid "" "For the most part, only items that appear in a module need to be `use`'d. " "However, a trait must be in scope to call any methods on that trait, even if " "a type implementing that trait is already in scope. For example, to use the " "`read_to_string` method on a type implementing the `Read` trait, you need to " "`use std::io::Read`." msgstr "" #: src/modules/paths.md msgid "" "The `use` statement can have a wildcard: `use std::io::*`. This is " "discouraged because it is not clear which items are imported, and those " "might change over time." msgstr "" #: src/modules/exercise.md msgid "" "In this exercise, you will reorganize a small GUI Library implementation. " "This library defines a `Widget` trait and a few implementations of that " "trait, as well as a `main` function." msgstr "" #: src/modules/exercise.md msgid "" "It is typical to put each type or set of closely-related types into its own " "module, so each widget type should get its own module." msgstr "" #: src/modules/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "Cargo Setup" msgstr "Przygotowanie" #: src/modules/exercise.md msgid "" "The Rust playground only supports one file, so you will need to make a Cargo " "project on your local filesystem:" msgstr "" #: src/modules/exercise.md msgid "" "Edit the resulting `src/main.rs` to add `mod` statements, and add additional " "files in the `src` directory." msgstr "" #: src/modules/exercise.md msgid "Source" msgstr "" #: src/modules/exercise.md msgid "Here's the single-module implementation of the GUI library:" msgstr "" #: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md msgid "/// Natural width of `self`.\n" msgstr "" #: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md msgid "/// Draw the widget into a buffer.\n" msgstr "" #: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md msgid "/// Draw the widget on standard output.\n" msgstr "" #: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md msgid "\"{buffer}\"" msgstr "" #: src/modules/exercise.md msgid "// Add 4 paddings for borders\n" msgstr "" #: src/modules/exercise.md msgid "" "// TODO: Change draw_into to return Result<(), std::fmt::Error>. Then use " "the\n" " // ?-operator here instead of .unwrap().\n" msgstr "" #: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md msgid "\"+-{:-. Then use\n" " // the ?-operator here instead of .unwrap().\n" msgstr "" #: src/modules/solution.md msgid "// ---- src/main.rs ----\n" msgstr "" #: src/testing.md msgid "[Test Modules](./testing/unit-tests.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/testing.md msgid "[Other Types of Tests](./testing/other.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/testing.md msgid "[Useful Crates](./testing/useful-crates.md) (3 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/testing.md msgid "[GoogleTest](./testing/googletest.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/testing.md msgid "[Mocking](./testing/mocking.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/testing.md msgid "[Compiler Lints and Clippy](./testing/lints.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/testing.md msgid "[Exercise: Luhn Algorithm](./testing/exercise.md) (30 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/testing/unit-tests.md msgid "Unit Tests" msgstr "Testy jednostkowe" #: src/testing/unit-tests.md #, fuzzy msgid "Rust and Cargo come with a simple unit test framework:" msgstr "" "Rust i Cargo są dostarczane z prostym frameworkiem do testów jednostkowych:" #: src/testing/unit-tests.md #, fuzzy msgid "Unit tests are supported throughout your code." msgstr "Testy jednostkowe są obsługiwane w całym kodzie." #: src/testing/unit-tests.md #, fuzzy msgid "Integration tests are supported via the `tests/` directory." msgstr "Testy integracyjne są obsługiwane przez katalog `tests/`." #: src/testing/unit-tests.md msgid "" "Tests are marked with `#[test]`. Unit tests are often put in a nested " "`tests` module, using `#[cfg(test)]` to conditionally compile them only when " "building tests." msgstr "" #: src/testing/unit-tests.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"Hello World\"" msgstr "Witaj świecie!" #: src/testing/unit-tests.md #, fuzzy msgid "This lets you unit test private helpers." msgstr "To pozwala testować prywatnych pomocników jednostkowych." #: src/testing/unit-tests.md #, fuzzy msgid "The `#[cfg(test)]` attribute is only active when you run `cargo test`." msgstr "" "Atrybut `#[cfg(test)]` jest aktywny tylko po uruchomieniu `cargo test`." #: src/testing/unit-tests.md msgid "Run the tests in the playground in order to show their results." msgstr "" #: src/testing/other.md msgid "Integration Tests" msgstr "Testy integracyjne" #: src/testing/other.md #, fuzzy msgid "If you want to test your library as a client, use an integration test." msgstr "" "Jeśli chcesz przetestować swoją bibliotekę jako klient, użyj testu " "integracji." #: src/testing/other.md #, fuzzy msgid "Create a `.rs` file under `tests/`:" msgstr "Utwórz plik `.rs` w `tests/`:" #: src/testing/other.md msgid "// tests/my_library.rs\n" msgstr "" #: src/testing/other.md #, fuzzy msgid "These tests only have access to the public API of your crate." msgstr "Te testy mają dostęp tylko do publicznego API Twojej skrzynki." #: src/testing/other.md msgid "Documentation Tests" msgstr "Testy dokumentacyjne" #: src/testing/other.md #, fuzzy msgid "Rust has built-in support for documentation tests:" msgstr "Rust ma wbudowaną obsługę testów dokumentacji:" #: src/testing/other.md msgid "" "/// Shortens a string to the given length.\n" "///\n" "/// ```\n" "/// # use playground::shorten_string;\n" "/// assert_eq!(shorten_string(\"Hello World\", 5), \"Hello\");\n" "/// assert_eq!(shorten_string(\"Hello World\", 20), \"Hello World\");\n" "/// ```\n" msgstr "" #: src/testing/other.md #, fuzzy msgid "Code blocks in `///` comments are automatically seen as Rust code." msgstr "" "Bloki kodu w komentarzach `///` są automatycznie postrzegane jako kod Rusta." #: src/testing/other.md #, fuzzy msgid "The code will be compiled and executed as part of `cargo test`." msgstr "Kod zostanie skompilowany i wykonany w ramach testu ładunku." #: src/testing/other.md msgid "" "Adding `#` in the code will hide it from the docs, but will still compile/" "run it." msgstr "" #: src/testing/other.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Test the above code on the [Rust Playground](https://play.rust-lang.org/?" "version=stable&mode=debug&edition=2021&gist=3ce2ad13ea1302f6572cb15cd96becf0)." msgstr "" "Przetestuj powyższy kod na [Rust Playground](https://play.rust-lang.org/?" "version=stable&mode=debug&edition=2021&gist=3ce2ad13ea1302f6572cb15cd96becf0)." #: src/testing/useful-crates.md #, fuzzy msgid "Rust comes with only basic support for writing tests." msgstr "Rust ma wbudowaną obsługę testów dokumentacji:" #: src/testing/useful-crates.md msgid "Here are some additional crates which we recommend for writing tests:" msgstr "" #: src/testing/useful-crates.md msgid "" "[googletest](https://docs.rs/googletest): Comprehensive test assertion " "library in the tradition of GoogleTest for C++." msgstr "" #: src/testing/useful-crates.md msgid "[proptest](https://docs.rs/proptest): Property-based testing for Rust." msgstr "" #: src/testing/useful-crates.md msgid "" "[rstest](https://docs.rs/rstest): Support for fixtures and parameterised " "tests." msgstr "" #: src/testing/googletest.md msgid "" "The [GoogleTest](https://docs.rs/googletest/) crate allows for flexible test " "assertions using _matchers_:" msgstr "" #: src/testing/googletest.md msgid "\"baz\"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/googletest.md msgid "\"xyz\"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/googletest.md msgid "" "If we change the last element to `\"!\"`, the test fails with a structured " "error message pin-pointing the error:" msgstr "" #: src/testing/googletest.md msgid "" "GoogleTest is not part of the Rust Playground, so you need to run this " "example in a local environment. Use `cargo add googletest` to quickly add it " "to an existing Cargo project." msgstr "" #: src/testing/googletest.md msgid "" "The `use googletest::prelude::*;` line imports a number of [commonly used " "macros and types](https://docs.rs/googletest/latest/googletest/prelude/index." "html)." msgstr "" #: src/testing/googletest.md msgid "This just scratches the surface, there are many builtin matchers." msgstr "" #: src/testing/googletest.md msgid "" "A particularly nice feature is that mismatches in multi-line strings strings " "are shown as a diff:" msgstr "" #: src/testing/googletest.md msgid "" "\"Memory safety found,\\n\\\n" " Rust's strong typing guides the way,\\n\\\n" " Secure code you'll write.\"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/googletest.md msgid "" "\"Memory safety found,\\n\\\n" " Rust's silly humor guides the way,\\n\\\n" " Secure code you'll write.\"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/googletest.md msgid "shows a color-coded diff (colors not shown here):" msgstr "" #: src/testing/googletest.md msgid "" "The crate is a Rust port of [GoogleTest for C++](https://google.github.io/" "googletest/)." msgstr "" #: src/testing/googletest.md msgid "GoogleTest is available for use in AOSP." msgstr "" #: src/testing/mocking.md msgid "" "For mocking, [Mockall](https://docs.rs/mockall/) is a widely used library. " "You need to refactor your code to use traits, which you can then quickly " "mock:" msgstr "" #: src/testing/mocking.md msgid "" "The advice here is for Android (AOSP) where Mockall is the recommended " "mocking library. There are other [mocking libraries available on crates.io]" "(https://crates.io/keywords/mock), in particular in the area of mocking HTTP " "services. The other mocking libraries work in a similar fashion as Mockall, " "meaning that they make it easy to get a mock implementation of a given trait." msgstr "" #: src/testing/mocking.md msgid "" "Note that mocking is somewhat _controversial_: mocks allow you to completely " "isolate a test from its dependencies. The immediate result is faster and " "more stable test execution. On the other hand, the mocks can be configured " "wrongly and return output different from what the real dependencies would do." msgstr "" #: src/testing/mocking.md msgid "" "If at all possible, it is recommended that you use the real dependencies. As " "an example, many databases allow you to configure an in-memory backend. This " "means that you get the correct behavior in your tests, plus they are fast " "and will automatically clean up after themselves." msgstr "" #: src/testing/mocking.md msgid "" "Similarly, many web frameworks allow you to start an in-process server which " "binds to a random port on `localhost`. Always prefer this over mocking away " "the framework since it helps you test your code in the real environment." msgstr "" #: src/testing/mocking.md msgid "" "Mockall is not part of the Rust Playground, so you need to run this example " "in a local environment. Use `cargo add mockall` to quickly add Mockall to an " "existing Cargo project." msgstr "" #: src/testing/mocking.md msgid "" "Mockall has a lot more functionality. In particular, you can set up " "expectations which depend on the arguments passed. Here we use this to mock " "a cat which becomes hungry 3 hours after the last time it was fed:" msgstr "" #: src/testing/mocking.md msgid "" "You can use `.times(n)` to limit the number of times a mock method can be " "called to `n` --- the mock will automatically panic when dropped if this " "isn't satisfied." msgstr "" #: src/testing/lints.md msgid "" "The Rust compiler produces fantastic error messages, as well as helpful " "built-in lints. [Clippy](https://doc.rust-lang.org/clippy/) provides even " "more lints, organized into groups that can be enabled per-project." msgstr "" #: src/testing/lints.md msgid "\"X probably fits in a u16, right? {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/lints.md msgid "" "Run the code sample and examine the error message. There are also lints " "visible here, but those will not be shown once the code compiles. Switch to " "the Playground site to show those lints." msgstr "" #: src/testing/lints.md msgid "" "After resolving the lints, run `clippy` on the playground site to show " "clippy warnings. Clippy has extensive documentation of its lints, and adds " "new lints (including default-deny lints) all the time." msgstr "" #: src/testing/lints.md msgid "" "Note that errors or warnings with `help: ...` can be fixed with `cargo fix` " "or via your editor." msgstr "" #: src/testing/exercise.md msgid "Luhn Algorithm" msgstr "Algorytm Luhna" #: src/testing/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The [Luhn algorithm](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luhn_algorithm) is used " "to validate credit card numbers. The algorithm takes a string as input and " "does the following to validate the credit card number:" msgstr "" "[Algorytm Luhna](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luhn_algorithm) służy do " "zweryfikować numery kart kredytowych. Algorytm pobiera ciąg jako dane " "wejściowe i wykonuje aby zweryfikować numer karty kredytowej:" #: src/testing/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "Ignore all spaces. Reject number with less than two digits." msgstr "" "Zignoruj wszystkie spacje. Odrzuć numer zawierający mniej niż dwie cyfry." #: src/testing/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Moving from **right to left**, double every second digit: for the number " "`1234`, we double `3` and `1`. For the number `98765`, we double `6` and `8`." msgstr "" "Przechodząc od prawej do lewej, podwajaj co drugą cyfrę: dla liczby `1234`, " "podwajamy „3” i „1”." #: src/testing/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "After doubling a digit, sum the digits if the result is greater than 9. So " "doubling `7` becomes `14` which becomes `1 + 4 = 5`." msgstr "" "Po podwojeniu cyfry zsumuj cyfry. Więc podwojenie „7” daje „14”, co staje " "się „5”." #: src/testing/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "Sum all the undoubled and doubled digits." msgstr "Zsumuj wszystkie niepodwojone i podwojone cyfry." #: src/testing/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "The credit card number is valid if the sum ends with `0`." msgstr "Numer karty kredytowej jest ważny, jeśli suma kończy się na `0`." #: src/testing/exercise.md msgid "" "The provided code provides a buggy implementation of the luhn algorithm, " "along with two basic unit tests that confirm that most the algorithm is " "implemented correctly." msgstr "" #: src/testing/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Copy the code below to and write additional " "tests to uncover bugs in the provided implementation, fixing any bugs you " "find." msgstr "" "Skopiuj poniższy kod na i uzupełnij brakujące " "funkcje i metody:" #: src/testing/exercise.md src/testing/solution.md msgid "\"4263 9826 4026 9299\"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/exercise.md src/testing/solution.md msgid "\"4539 3195 0343 6467\"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/exercise.md src/testing/solution.md msgid "\"7992 7398 713\"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/exercise.md src/testing/solution.md msgid "\"4223 9826 4026 9299\"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/exercise.md src/testing/solution.md msgid "\"4539 3195 0343 6476\"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/exercise.md src/testing/solution.md msgid "\"8273 1232 7352 0569\"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/solution.md msgid "// This is the buggy version that appears in the problem.\n" msgstr "" #: src/testing/solution.md msgid "// This is the solution and passes all of the tests below.\n" msgstr "" #: src/testing/solution.md msgid "\"1234 5678 1234 5670\"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/solution.md msgid "\"Is {cc_number} a valid credit card number? {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/solution.md msgid "\"yes\"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/solution.md msgid "\"no\"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/solution.md msgid "\"foo 0 0\"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/solution.md msgid "\" \"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/solution.md msgid "\" \"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/solution.md msgid "\" \"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/solution.md msgid "\"0\"" msgstr "" #: src/testing/solution.md msgid "\" 0 0 \"" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-4-afternoon.md msgid "[Error Handling](./error-handling.md) (45 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-4-afternoon.md msgid "[Unsafe Rust](./unsafe-rust.md) (1 hour and 5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/welcome-day-4-afternoon.md msgid "Including 10 minute breaks, this session should take about 2 hours" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling.md msgid "[Panics](./error-handling/panics.md) (3 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling.md msgid "[Try Operator](./error-handling/try.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling.md msgid "[Try Conversions](./error-handling/try-conversions.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling.md msgid "[Error Trait](./error-handling/error.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling.md msgid "" "[thiserror and anyhow](./error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling.md msgid "" "[Exercise: Rewriting with Result](./error-handling/exercise.md) (20 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/panics.md msgid "Rust handles fatal errors with a \"panic\"." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/panics.md #, fuzzy msgid "Rust will trigger a panic if a fatal error happens at runtime:" msgstr "Rust wywoła panikę, jeśli w czasie wykonywania wystąpi błąd krytyczny:" #: src/error-handling/panics.md msgid "\"v[100]: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/panics.md #, fuzzy msgid "Panics are for unrecoverable and unexpected errors." msgstr "Paniki dotyczą nieodwracalnych i nieoczekiwanych błędów." #: src/error-handling/panics.md #, fuzzy msgid "Panics are symptoms of bugs in the program." msgstr "Paniki to objawy błędów w programie." #: src/error-handling/panics.md msgid "Runtime failures like failed bounds checks can panic" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/panics.md msgid "Assertions (such as `assert!`) panic on failure" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/panics.md msgid "Purpose-specific panics can use the `panic!` macro." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/panics.md msgid "" "A panic will \"unwind\" the stack, dropping values just as if the functions " "had returned." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/panics.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Use non-panicking APIs (such as `Vec::get`) if crashing is not acceptable." msgstr "" "Używaj niepanikujących interfejsów API (takich jak `Vec::get`), jeśli awaria " "jest nie do zaakceptowania." #: src/error-handling/panics.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "By default, a panic will cause the stack to unwind. The unwinding can be " "caught:" msgstr "Domyślnie panika spowoduje wycofanie stosu. Odwijanie można złapać:" #: src/error-handling/panics.md msgid "\"No problem here!\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/panics.md msgid "\"{result:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/panics.md msgid "\"oh no!\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/panics.md msgid "" "Catching is unusual; do not attempt to implement exceptions with " "`catch_unwind`!" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/panics.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "This can be useful in servers which should keep running even if a single " "request crashes." msgstr "" "Może to być przydatne na serwerach, które powinny działać, nawet jeśli są " "pojedyncze żądania awarii." #: src/error-handling/panics.md #, fuzzy msgid "This does not work if `panic = 'abort'` is set in your `Cargo.toml`." msgstr "To nie działa, jeśli w twoim `Cargo.toml` ustawiono `panic = 'abort'`." #: src/error-handling/try.md msgid "" "Runtime errors like connection-refused or file-not-found are handled with " "the `Result` type, but matching this type on every call can be cumbersome. " "The try-operator `?` is used to return errors to the caller. It lets you " "turn the common" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/try.md #, fuzzy msgid "into the much simpler" msgstr "w dużo prostsze" #: src/error-handling/try.md #, fuzzy msgid "We can use this to simplify our error handling code:" msgstr "Możemy użyć tego, aby uprościć nasz kod przekazywania błędów:" #: src/error-handling/try.md msgid "//fs::write(\"config.dat\", \"alice\").unwrap();\n" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/try.md src/error-handling/try-conversions.md #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md msgid "\"config.dat\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/try.md src/error-handling/try-conversions.md msgid "\"username or error: {username:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/try.md msgid "Simplify the `read_username` function to use `?`." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/try.md #, fuzzy msgid "The `username` variable can be either `Ok(string)` or `Err(error)`." msgstr "Zmienna `username` może mieć postać `Ok(string)` lub `Err(error)`." #: src/error-handling/try.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Use the `fs::write` call to test out the different scenarios: no file, empty " "file, file with username." msgstr "" "Użyj wywołania `fs::write`, aby przetestować różne scenariusze: brak pliku, " "pusty plik, plik z nazwą użytkownika." #: src/error-handling/try.md msgid "" "Note that `main` can return a `Result<(), E>` as long as it implements `std::" "process:Termination`. In practice, this means that `E` implements `Debug`. " "The executable will print the `Err` variant and return a nonzero exit status " "on error." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The effective expansion of `?` is a little more complicated than previously " "indicated:" msgstr "" "Efektywna interpretacja znaku `?` jest nieco bardziej skomplikowana niż " "wskazano wcześniej:" #: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md #, fuzzy msgid "works the same as" msgstr "działa tak samo jak" #: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The `From::from` call here means we attempt to convert the error type to the " "type returned by the function. This makes it easy to encapsulate errors into " "higher-level errors." msgstr "" "Wywołanie `From::from` oznacza, że próbujemy przekonwertować typ błędu na " "typ zwracany przez funkcję:" #: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md msgid "\"IO error: {e}\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md msgid "\"Found no username in {path}\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md msgid "//fs::write(\"config.dat\", \"\").unwrap();\n" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md msgid "" "The `?` operator must return a value compatible with the return type of the " "function. For `Result`, it means that the error types have to be compatible. " "A function that returns `Result` can only use `?` on a value " "of type `Result` if `ErrorOuter` and `ErrorInner` are the " "same type or if `ErrorOuter` implements `From`." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md msgid "" "A common alternative to a `From` implementation is `Result::map_err`, " "especially when the conversion only happens in one place." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md msgid "" "There is no compatibility requirement for `Option`. A function returning " "`Option` can use the `?` operator on `Option` for arbitrary `T` and " "`U` types." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md msgid "" "A function that returns `Result` cannot use `?` on `Option` and vice versa. " "However, `Option::ok_or` converts `Option` to `Result` whereas `Result::ok` " "turns `Result` into `Option`." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/error.md msgid "Dynamic Error Types" msgstr "Dynamiczne typy błędów" #: src/error-handling/error.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Sometimes we want to allow any type of error to be returned without writing " "our own enum covering all the different possibilities. The `std::error::" "Error` trait makes it easy to create a trait object that can contain any " "error." msgstr "" "Czasami chcemy zezwolić na zwrócenie dowolnego rodzaju błędu bez pisania " "własnego pokrycia wyliczeniowego wszystkie różne możliwości. `std::error::" "Error` ułatwia to zadanie." #: src/error-handling/error.md msgid "\"count.dat\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/error.md msgid "\"1i3\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/error.md msgid "\"Count: {count}\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/error.md msgid "\"Error: {err}\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/error.md msgid "" "The `read_count` function can return `std::io::Error` (from file operations) " "or `std::num::ParseIntError` (from `String::parse`)." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/error.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Boxing errors saves on code, but gives up the ability to cleanly handle " "different error cases differently in the program. As such it's generally not " "a good idea to use `Box` in the public API of a library, but it " "can be a good option in a program where you just want to display the error " "message somewhere." msgstr "" "Oszczędza to kod, ale rezygnuje z możliwości czystego radzenia sobie z " "różnymi przypadkami błędów w inny sposób program. W związku z tym generalnie " "nie jest dobrym pomysłem używanie `Box` w publicznym API " "aplikacji a Library, ale może to być dobra opcja w programie, w którym " "chcesz tylko wyświetlić komunikat o błędzie gdzieś." #: src/error-handling/error.md msgid "" "Make sure to implement the `std::error::Error` trait when defining a custom " "error type so it can be boxed. But if you need to support the `no_std` " "attribute, keep in mind that the `std::error::Error` trait is currently " "compatible with `no_std` in [nightly](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/" "issues/103765) only." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The [`thiserror`](https://docs.rs/thiserror/) and [`anyhow`](https://docs.rs/" "anyhow/) crates are widely used to simplify error handling." msgstr "" "Skrzynka [thiserror](https://docs.rs/thiserror/) to popularny sposób " "tworzenia enum błędu, tak jak zrobiliśmy to na poprzedniej stronie:" #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md msgid "" "`thiserror` is often used in libraries to create custom error types that " "implement `From`." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md msgid "" "`anyhow` is often used by applications to help with error handling in " "functions, including adding contextual information to your errors." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md msgid "\"Found no username in {0}\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md msgid "\"Failed to open {path}\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md msgid "\"Failed to read\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md msgid "\"Username: {username}\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md msgid "\"Error: {err:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md msgid "`thiserror`" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md msgid "" "The `Error` derive macro is provided by `thiserror`, and has lots of useful " "attributes to help define error types in a compact way." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md msgid "The `std::error::Error` trait is derived automatically." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md msgid "The message from `#[error]` is used to derive the `Display` trait." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md msgid "`anyhow`" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`anyhow::Error` is essentially a wrapper around `Box`. As such " "it's again generally not a good choice for the public API of a library, but " "is widely used in applications." msgstr "" "`w każdym razie::Błąd` jest zasadniczo opakowaniem wokół `Box`. " "Jako taki to znowu generalnie nie dobry wybór dla publicznego interfejsu API " "biblioteki, ale jest szeroko stosowany w aplikacjach." #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md #, fuzzy msgid "`anyhow::Result` is a type alias for `Result`." msgstr "`anyhow::Result` jest aliasem typu dla `Result`." #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Actual error type inside of it can be extracted for examination if necessary." msgstr "" "Rzeczywisty typ błędu w nim można wyodrębnić w celu zbadania, jeśli to " "konieczne." #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Functionality provided by `anyhow::Result` may be familiar to Go " "developers, as it provides similar usage patterns and ergonomics to `(T, " "error)` from Go." msgstr "" "Funkcjonalność zapewniana przez `anyhow::Result` może być znana " "programistom Go, ponieważ zapewnia podobne wzorce użytkowania i ergonomia do " "`(T, error)` z Go." #: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md msgid "" "`anyhow::Context` is a trait implemented for the standard `Result` and " "`Option` types. `use anyhow::Context` is necessary to enable `.context()` " "and `.with_context()` on those types." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md msgid "Exercise: Rewriting with Result" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md msgid "" "The following implements a very simple parser for an expression language. " "However, it handles errors by panicking. Rewrite it to instead use idiomatic " "error handling and propagate errors to a return from `main`. Feel free to " "use `thiserror` and `anyhow`." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md msgid "" "HINT: start by fixing error handling in the `parse` function. Once that is " "working correctly, update `Tokenizer` to implement " "`Iterator>` and handle that in the parser." msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "/// An arithmetic operator.\n" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "/// A token in the expression language.\n" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "/// An expression in the expression language.\n" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "/// A reference to a variable.\n" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "/// A literal number.\n" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "/// A binary operation.\n" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "'z'" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "'_'" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "'+'" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "'-'" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md msgid "\"Unexpected character {c}\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "\"Unexpected end of input\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md msgid "\"Invalid 32-bit integer'\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md msgid "\"Unexpected token {tok:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "// Look ahead to parse a binary operation if present.\n" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "\"10+foo+20-30\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "\"{expr:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "\"Unexpected character '{0}' in input\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "\"Tokenizer error: {0}\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "\"Unexpected token {0:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/error-handling/solution.md msgid "\"Invalid number\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust.md msgid "[Unsafe](./unsafe-rust/unsafe.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust.md msgid "" "[Dereferencing Raw Pointers](./unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md) (10 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust.md msgid "[Mutable Static Variables](./unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust.md msgid "[Unions](./unsafe-rust/unions.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust.md msgid "[Unsafe Functions](./unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust.md msgid "[Unsafe Traits](./unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md) (5 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust.md msgid "[Exercise: FFI Wrapper](./unsafe-rust/exercise.md) (30 minutes)" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md #, fuzzy msgid "The Rust language has two parts:" msgstr "Język Rust składa się z dwóch części:" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md #, fuzzy msgid "**Safe Rust:** memory safe, no undefined behavior possible." msgstr "" "**Bezpieczna rdza:** bezpieczna pamięć, niemożliwe niezdefiniowane " "zachowanie." #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "**Unsafe Rust:** can trigger undefined behavior if preconditions are " "violated." msgstr "" "**Niebezpieczna rdza:** może wywołać niezdefiniowane zachowanie, jeśli " "zostaną naruszone warunki wstępne." #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "We saw mostly safe Rust in this course, but it's important to know what " "Unsafe Rust is." msgstr "" "W tym kursie zobaczymy głównie bezpieczną Rust, ale ważne jest, aby wiedzieć " "czym jest niebezpieczna rdza." #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Unsafe code is usually small and isolated, and its correctness should be " "carefully documented. It is usually wrapped in a safe abstraction layer." msgstr "" "Niebezpieczny kod jest zwykle mały i izolowany, a jego poprawność powinna " "być ostrożna udokumentowane. Zwykle jest opakowany w bezpieczną warstwę " "abstrakcji." #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md #, fuzzy msgid "Unsafe Rust gives you access to five new capabilities:" msgstr "Unsafe Rust zapewnia dostęp do pięciu nowych możliwości:" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md #, fuzzy msgid "Dereference raw pointers." msgstr "Wyłuskaj surowe wskaźniki." #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md #, fuzzy msgid "Access or modify mutable static variables." msgstr "Uzyskaj dostęp lub modyfikuj zmienne zmienne statyczne." #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md #, fuzzy msgid "Access `union` fields." msgstr "Dostęp do pól „unii”." #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md #, fuzzy msgid "Call `unsafe` functions, including `extern` functions." msgstr "Wywołaj funkcje `niebezpieczne`, w tym funkcje `extern`." #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md #, fuzzy msgid "Implement `unsafe` traits." msgstr "Implementuj „niebezpieczne” cechy." #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "We will briefly cover unsafe capabilities next. For full details, please see " "[Chapter 19.1 in the Rust Book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch19-01-" "unsafe-rust.html) and the [Rustonomicon](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/)." msgstr "" "W dalszej części krótko omówimy niebezpieczne możliwości. Aby uzyskać " "szczegółowe informacje, zobacz [Rozdział 19.1 w Księdze Rusta](https://doc." "rust-lang.org/book/ch19-01-unsafe-rust.html) oraz [Rustonomicon](https://doc." "rust-lang.org/nomicon/)." #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Unsafe Rust does not mean the code is incorrect. It means that developers " "have turned off some compiler safety features and have to write correct code " "by themselves. It means the compiler no longer enforces Rust's memory-safety " "rules." msgstr "" "Niebezpieczny Rust nie oznacza, że kod jest nieprawidłowy. Oznacza to, że " "deweloperzy mają wyłączył funkcje bezpieczeństwa kompilatora i musiał " "napisać poprawny kod wg sobie. Oznacza to, że kompilator nie egzekwuje już " "zasad bezpieczeństwa pamięci Rusta." #: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md #, fuzzy msgid "Creating pointers is safe, but dereferencing them requires `unsafe`:" msgstr "" "Tworzenie wskaźników jest bezpieczne, ale dereferencja wymaga " "„niebezpiecznego”:" #: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md msgid "\"careful!\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md msgid "" "// Safe because r1 and r2 were obtained from references and so are\n" " // guaranteed to be non-null and properly aligned, the objects " "underlying\n" " // the references from which they were obtained are live throughout the\n" " // whole unsafe block, and they are not accessed either through the\n" " // references or concurrently through any other pointers.\n" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md msgid "\"r1 is: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md msgid "\"uhoh\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md msgid "\"r2 is: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md msgid "" "// NOT SAFE. DO NOT DO THIS.\n" " /*\n" " let r3: &String = unsafe { &*r1 };\n" " drop(s);\n" " println!(\"r3 is: {}\", *r3);\n" " */" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "It is good practice (and required by the Android Rust style guide) to write " "a comment for each `unsafe` block explaining how the code inside it " "satisfies the safety requirements of the unsafe operations it is doing." msgstr "" "Dobrą praktyką (i wymaganą przez przewodnik stylistyczny Android Rust) jest " "napisanie komentarza dla każdego Blok `niebezpieczny` wyjaśniający, w jaki " "sposób znajdujący się w nim kod spełnia wymagania bezpieczeństwa " "niebezpiecznego operacje, które wykonuje." #: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "In the case of pointer dereferences, this means that the pointers must be " "[_valid_](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ptr/index.html#safety), i.e.:" msgstr "" "W przypadku dereferencji wskaźników oznacza to, że wskaźniki muszą być " "[_valid_](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ptr/index.html#safety), czyli:" #: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md #, fuzzy msgid "The pointer must be non-null." msgstr "Wskaźnik musi być inny niż null." #: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The pointer must be _dereferenceable_ (within the bounds of a single " "allocated object)." msgstr "" "Wskaźnik musi być _dereferenceable_ (w granicach pojedynczego przydzielonego " "obiektu)." #: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md #, fuzzy msgid "The object must not have been deallocated." msgstr "Obiekt nie może być cofnięty." #: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md #, fuzzy msgid "There must not be concurrent accesses to the same location." msgstr "Nie może być jednoczesnych dostępów do tej samej lokalizacji." #: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "If the pointer was obtained by casting a reference, the underlying object " "must be live and no reference may be used to access the memory." msgstr "" "Jeśli wskaźnik został uzyskany przez rzutowanie odniesienia, obiekt leżący " "pod spodem musi być żywy i nie odwołanie może być użyte do uzyskania dostępu " "do pamięci." #: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md #, fuzzy msgid "In most cases the pointer must also be properly aligned." msgstr "" "W większości przypadków wskaźnik musi być również odpowiednio wyrównany." #: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md msgid "" "The \"NOT SAFE\" section gives an example of a common kind of UB bug: `*r1` " "has the `'static` lifetime, so `r3` has type `&'static String`, and thus " "outlives `s`. Creating a reference from a pointer requires _great care_." msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md #, fuzzy msgid "It is safe to read an immutable static variable:" msgstr "Odczyt niezmiennej zmiennej statycznej jest bezpieczny:" #: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"Hello, world!\"" msgstr "Witaj świecie!" #: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md msgid "\"HELLO_WORLD: {HELLO_WORLD}\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "However, since data races can occur, it is unsafe to read and write mutable " "static variables:" msgstr "" "Ponieważ jednak mogą wystąpić wyścigi danych, odczytywanie i zapisywanie " "zmiennych jest niebezpieczne zmienne statyczne:" #: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md msgid "\"COUNTER: {COUNTER}\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md msgid "" "The program here is safe because it is single-threaded. However, the Rust " "compiler is conservative and will assume the worst. Try removing the " "`unsafe` and see how the compiler explains that it is undefined behavior to " "mutate a static from multiple threads." msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Using a mutable static is generally a bad idea, but there are some cases " "where it might make sense in low-level `no_std` code, such as implementing a " "heap allocator or working with some C APIs." msgstr "" "Używanie zmiennej statyki jest generalnie złym pomysłem, ale są przypadki, w " "których może to mieć sens w kodzie niskiego poziomu `no_std`, takim jak " "implementacja alokatora sterty lub praca z niektórymi interfejsami API C." #: src/unsafe-rust/unions.md #, fuzzy msgid "Unions are like enums, but you need to track the active field yourself:" msgstr "Unie są jak wyliczenia, ale musisz samodzielnie śledzić aktywne pole:" #: src/unsafe-rust/unions.md msgid "\"int: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/unions.md msgid "\"bool: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/unions.md #, fuzzy msgid "// Undefined behavior!\n" msgstr "Brak niezdefiniowanego zachowania w czasie wykonywania:" #: src/unsafe-rust/unions.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Unions are very rarely needed in Rust as you can usually use an enum. They " "are occasionally needed for interacting with C library APIs." msgstr "" "Unie są bardzo rzadko potrzebne w Rust, ponieważ zwykle można użyć " "wyliczenia. Czasami są potrzebne do interakcji z interfejsami API biblioteki " "C." #: src/unsafe-rust/unions.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "If you just want to reinterpret bytes as a different type, you probably want " "[`std::mem::transmute`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/mem/fn." "transmute.html) or a safe wrapper such as the [`zerocopy`](https://crates.io/" "crates/zerocopy) crate." msgstr "" "Jeśli chcesz po prostu ponownie zinterpretować bajty jako inny typ, " "prawdopodobnie chcesz [`std::mem::transmute`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" "stable/std/mem/fn.transmute.html) lub sejf opakowanie, takie jak skrzynka " "[`zerocopy`](https://crates.io/crates/zerocopy)." #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md msgid "Calling Unsafe Functions" msgstr "Wywoływanie niebezpiecznych funkcji" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "A function or method can be marked `unsafe` if it has extra preconditions " "you must uphold to avoid undefined behaviour:" msgstr "" "Funkcja lub metoda może zostać oznaczona jako „niebezpieczna”, jeśli ma " "dodatkowe warunki wstępne których należy przestrzegać, aby uniknąć " "niezdefiniowanych zachowań:" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md #: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md src/android/interoperability/with-c.md #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md #: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"C\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md msgid "\"🗻∈🌏\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md msgid "" "// Safe because the indices are in the correct order, within the bounds of\n" " // the string slice, and lie on UTF-8 sequence boundaries.\n" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md msgid "\"emoji: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md msgid "\"char count: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md #, fuzzy msgid "// Undefined behavior if abs misbehaves.\n" msgstr "Brak niezdefiniowanego zachowania w czasie wykonywania:" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md msgid "\"Absolute value of -3 according to C: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md msgid "" "// Not upholding the UTF-8 encoding requirement breaks memory safety!\n" " // println!(\"emoji: {}\", unsafe { emojis.get_unchecked(0..3) });\n" " // println!(\"char count: {}\", count_chars(unsafe {\n" " // emojis.get_unchecked(0..3) }));\n" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md msgid "Writing Unsafe Functions" msgstr "Pisanie niebezpiecznych funkcji" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You can mark your own functions as `unsafe` if they require particular " "conditions to avoid undefined behaviour." msgstr "" "Możesz oznaczyć własne funkcje jako „niebezpieczne”, jeśli wymagają " "określonych warunków, aby uniknąć niezdefiniowanych zachowanie." #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md msgid "" "/// Swaps the values pointed to by the given pointers.\n" "///\n" "/// # Safety\n" "///\n" "/// The pointers must be valid and properly aligned.\n" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md msgid "// Safe because ...\n" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md msgid "\"a = {}, b = {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`get_unchecked`, like most `_unchecked` functions, is unsafe, because it can " "create UB if the range is incorrect. `abs` is incorrect for a different " "reason: it is an external function (FFI). Calling external functions is " "usually only a problem when those functions do things with pointers which " "might violate Rust's memory model, but in general any C function might have " "undefined behaviour under any arbitrary circumstances." msgstr "" "Zwykle jest to problem tylko w przypadku funkcji extern, które robią rzeczy " "ze wskaźnikami, które mogą naruszają model pamięci Rusta, ale ogólnie każda " "funkcja C może mieć niezdefiniowane zachowanie pod dowolnym arbitralne " "okoliczności." #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md msgid "" "The `\"C\"` in this example is the ABI; [other ABIs are available too]" "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/items/external-blocks.html)." msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "We wouldn't actually use pointers for a `swap` function - it can be done " "safely with references." msgstr "" "W rzeczywistości nie używalibyśmy do tego wskaźników, ponieważ można to " "zrobić bezpiecznie za pomocą referencji." #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Note that unsafe code is allowed within an unsafe function without an " "`unsafe` block. We can prohibit this with `#[deny(unsafe_op_in_unsafe_fn)]`. " "Try adding it and see what happens. This will likely change in a future Rust " "edition." msgstr "" "Należy zauważyć, że niebezpieczny kod jest dozwolony w niebezpiecznej " "funkcji bez bloku `unsafe`. Możemy zabronić tego za pomocą " "`#[deny(unsafe_op_in_unsafe_fn)]`. Spróbuj go dodać i zobacz, co się stanie." #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md #, fuzzy msgid "Implementing Unsafe Traits" msgstr "Wdrażanie niebezpiecznych cech" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Like with functions, you can mark a trait as `unsafe` if the implementation " "must guarantee particular conditions to avoid undefined behaviour." msgstr "" "Podobnie jak w przypadku funkcji, możesz oznaczyć cechę jako " "„niebezpieczną”, jeśli implementacja musi gwarantować szczególne warunki, " "aby uniknąć nieokreślonego zachowania." #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "For example, the `zerocopy` crate has an unsafe trait that looks [something " "like this](https://docs.rs/zerocopy/latest/zerocopy/trait.AsBytes.html):" msgstr "" "Na przykład skrzynka „zerocopy” ma niebezpieczną cechę, która wygląda [coś " "takiego](https://docs.rs/zerocopy/latest/zerocopy/trait.AsBytes.html):" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md msgid "" "/// ...\n" "/// # Safety\n" "/// The type must have a defined representation and no padding.\n" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md msgid "// Safe because u32 has a defined representation and no padding.\n" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "There should be a `# Safety` section on the Rustdoc for the trait explaining " "the requirements for the trait to be safely implemented." msgstr "" "Powinna istnieć sekcja `# Safety` w Rustdoc dla cechy wyjaśniającej " "wymagania dla cecha, którą należy bezpiecznie wdrożyć." #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The actual safety section for `AsBytes` is rather longer and more " "complicated." msgstr "" "Właściwa sekcja bezpieczeństwa dla `AsBytes` jest raczej dłuższa i bardziej " "skomplikowana." #: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md #, fuzzy msgid "The built-in `Send` and `Sync` traits are unsafe." msgstr "Wbudowane cechy „Wyślij” i „Synchronizacja” są niebezpieczne." #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md msgid "Safe FFI Wrapper" msgstr "Bezpieczne opakowanie FFI" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust has great support for calling functions through a _foreign function " "interface_ (FFI). We will use this to build a safe wrapper for the `libc` " "functions you would use from C to read the names of files in a directory." msgstr "" "Rust ma świetne wsparcie dla wywoływania funkcji poprzez funkcję _foreign " "interfejs_ (FFI). Użyjemy tego do zbudowania bezpiecznego opakowania dla " "`libc` funkcje, których użyłbyś z C do odczytania nazw plików z katalogu." #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "You will want to consult the manual pages:" msgstr "Będziesz chciał zapoznać się ze stronami podręcznika:" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md msgid "[`opendir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/opendir.3.html)" msgstr "[`opendir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/opendir.3.html)" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md msgid "[`readdir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/readdir.3.html)" msgstr "[`readdir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/readdir.3.html)" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md msgid "[`closedir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/closedir.3.html)" msgstr "[`closedir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/closedir.3.html)" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md msgid "" "You will also want to browse the [`std::ffi`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/" "ffi/) module. There you find a number of string types which you need for the " "exercise:" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md msgid "Encoding" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md msgid "Use" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`str`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/primitive.str.html) and [`String`]" "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/struct.String.html)" msgstr "" "[`Read`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Read.html) i [`Write`]" "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Write.html) używane do IO," #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md msgid "UTF-8" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "Text processing in Rust" msgstr "Przenoszenie String w Ruście" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`CStr`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.CStr.html) and [`CString`]" "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.CString.html)" msgstr "" "[`Read`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Read.html) i [`Write`]" "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Write.html) używane do IO," #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md msgid "NUL-terminated" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md msgid "Communicating with C functions" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`OsStr`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.OsStr.html) and " "[`OsString`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.OsString.html)" msgstr "" "[`Read`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Read.html) i [`Write`]" "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Write.html) używane do IO," #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md msgid "OS-specific" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md msgid "Communicating with the OS" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md msgid "You will convert between all these types:" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md msgid "" "`&str` to `CString`: you need to allocate space for a trailing `\\0` " "character," msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md msgid "`CString` to `*const i8`: you need a pointer to call C functions," msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md msgid "" "`*const i8` to `&CStr`: you need something which can find the trailing `\\0` " "character," msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md msgid "" "`&CStr` to `&[u8]`: a slice of bytes is the universal interface for \"some " "unknown data\"," msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md msgid "" "`&[u8]` to `&OsStr`: `&OsStr` is a step towards `OsString`, use [`OsStrExt`]" "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/os/unix/ffi/trait.OsStrExt.html) to create it," msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md msgid "" "`&OsStr` to `OsString`: you need to clone the data in `&OsStr` to be able to " "return it and call `readdir` again." msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md msgid "" "The [Nomicon](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/ffi.html) also has a very " "useful chapter about FFI." msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Copy the code below to and fill in the missing " "functions and methods:" msgstr "" "Skopiuj poniższy kod na i uzupełnij brakujące " "funkcje i metody:" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "\"macos\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "// Opaque type. See https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/ffi.html.\n" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "" "// Layout according to the Linux man page for readdir(3), where ino_t and\n" " // off_t are resolved according to the definitions in\n" " // /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/{sys/types.h, bits/typesizes.h}.\n" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "// Layout according to the macOS man page for dir(5).\n" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "\"x86_64\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "" "// See https://github.com/rust-lang/libc/issues/414 and the section on\n" " // _DARWIN_FEATURE_64_BIT_INODE in the macOS man page for stat(2).\n" " //\n" " // \"Platforms that existed before these updates were available\" " "refers\n" " // to macOS (as opposed to iOS / wearOS / etc.) on Intel and " "PowerPC.\n" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "\"readdir$INODE64\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "// Call opendir and return a Ok value if that worked,\n" " // otherwise return Err with a message.\n" msgstr "" "impl DirectoryIterator { fn new(path: &str) -> Result\\ { // Call opendir and return a Ok value if that worked, // otherwise " "return Err with a message. unimplemented!() } }" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md #, fuzzy msgid "// Keep calling readdir until we get a NULL pointer back.\n" msgstr "" " { // Wywołuj readdir do uzyskania wskaźnika NULL. unimplemented!() } }" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "// Call closedir as needed.\n" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md msgid "\".\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "\"files: {:#?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "\"Invalid path: {err}\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "// SAFETY: path.as_ptr() cannot be NULL.\n" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "\"Could not open {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "// Keep calling readdir until we get a NULL pointer back.\n" " // SAFETY: self.dir is never NULL.\n" msgstr "" " { // Wywołuj readdir do uzyskania wskaźnika NULL. unimplemented!() } }" #: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "// We have reached the end of the directory.\n" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "" "// SAFETY: dirent is not NULL and dirent.d_name is NUL\n" " // terminated.\n" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "// SAFETY: self.dir is not NULL.\n" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "\"Could not close {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "\"no-such-directory\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "\"Non UTF-8 character in path\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "\"..\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "\"foo.txt\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "\"The Foo Diaries\\n\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "\"bar.png\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "\"\\n\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "\"crab.rs\"" msgstr "" #: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md msgid "\"//! Crab\\n\"" msgstr "" #: src/android.md msgid "Welcome to Rust in Android" msgstr "" #: src/android.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust is supported for system software on Android. This means that you can " "write new services, libraries, drivers or even firmware in Rust (or improve " "existing code as needed)." msgstr "" "Rust jest obsługiwany w przypadku tworzenia natywnych platform na Androida. " "To znaczy że możesz pisać nowe usługi systemu operacyjnego w Rust, a także " "rozszerzać istniejące usługi." #: src/android.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "We will attempt to call Rust from one of your own projects today. So try to " "find a little corner of your code base where we can move some lines of code " "to Rust. The fewer dependencies and \"exotic\" types the better. Something " "that parses some raw bytes would be ideal." msgstr "" "Spróbujemy dzisiaj wywołać Rusta z jednego z twoich własnych projektów. Więc " "spróbuj znajdź mały zakątek swojej bazy kodu, do którego możemy przenieść " "kilka linii kodu Rdza. Im mniej zależności i typów „egzotycznych”, tym " "lepiej. Coś takiego analizuje kilka nieprzetworzonych bajtów byłoby idealnie." #: src/android.md msgid "" "The speaker may mention any of the following given the increased use of Rust " "in Android:" msgstr "" #: src/android.md msgid "" "Service example: [DNS over HTTP](https://security.googleblog.com/2022/07/dns-" "over-http3-in-android.html)" msgstr "" #: src/android.md msgid "" "Libraries: [Rutabaga Virtual Graphics Interface](https://crosvm.dev/book/" "appendix/rutabaga_gfx.html)" msgstr "" #: src/android.md msgid "" "Kernel Drivers: [Binder](https://lore.kernel.org/rust-for-linux/20231101-" "rust-binder-v1-0-08ba9197f637@google.com/)" msgstr "" #: src/android.md msgid "" "Firmware: [pKVM firmware](https://security.googleblog.com/2023/10/bare-metal-" "rust-in-android.html)" msgstr "" #: src/android/setup.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "We will be using a Cuttlefish Android Virtual Device to test our code. Make " "sure you have access to one or create a new one with:" msgstr "" "Będziemy używać urządzenia wirtualnego z Androidem do testowania naszego " "kodu. Upewnij się że masz dostęp do jednego lub utwórz nowy z:" #: src/android/setup.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Please see the [Android Developer Codelab](https://source.android.com/docs/" "setup/start) for details." msgstr "" "Zobacz [Android Developer Codelab](https://source.android.com/docs/setup/" "start), aby uzyskać szczegółowe informacje." #: src/android/setup.md msgid "" "Cuttlefish is a reference Android device designed to work on generic Linux " "desktops. MacOS support is also planned." msgstr "" #: src/android/setup.md msgid "" "The Cuttlefish system image maintains high fidelity to real devices, and is " "the ideal emulator to run many Rust use cases." msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "The Android build system (Soong) supports Rust via a number of modules:" msgstr "" "System kompilacji Androida (Soong) obsługuje Rusta za pośrednictwem wielu " "modułów:" #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "Module Type" msgstr "Typ modułu" #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "Description" msgstr "Opis" #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "`rust_binary`" msgstr "`rust_binary`" #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "Produces a Rust binary." msgstr "Tworzy plik binarny Rust." #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "`rust_library`" msgstr "`rust_biblioteka`" #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "Produces a Rust library, and provides both `rlib` and `dylib` variants." msgstr "" "Tworzy bibliotekę Rust i udostępnia zarówno warianty `rlib`, jak i `dylib`." #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "`rust_ffi`" msgstr "`rust_ffi`" #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Produces a Rust C library usable by `cc` modules, and provides both static " "and shared variants." msgstr "" "Tworzy bibliotekę Rust C używaną przez moduły `cc` i zapewnia zarówno " "statyczne, jak i współdzielone warianty." #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "`rust_proc_macro`" msgstr "`rust_proc_macro`" #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Produces a `proc-macro` Rust library. These are analogous to compiler " "plugins." msgstr "" "Tworzy bibliotekę `proc-macro` Rusta. Są one analogiczne do wtyczek " "kompilatora." #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "`rust_test`" msgstr "`test_rdzy`" #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "Produces a Rust test binary that uses the standard Rust test harness." msgstr "" "Tworzy plik binarny testu Rust, który używa standardowej wiązki testowej " "Rust." #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "`rust_fuzz`" msgstr "`rust_fuzz`" #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "Produces a Rust fuzz binary leveraging `libfuzzer`." msgstr "Tworzy plik binarny Rust fuzz wykorzystujący `libfuzzer`." #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "`rust_protobuf`" msgstr "`rust_protobuf`" #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Generates source and produces a Rust library that provides an interface for " "a particular protobuf." msgstr "" "Generuje źródło i tworzy bibliotekę Rust, która zapewnia interfejs dla " "określonego protobuf." #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "`rust_bindgen`" msgstr "`rdza_powiązanie`" #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Generates source and produces a Rust library containing Rust bindings to C " "libraries." msgstr "" "Generuje źródło i tworzy bibliotekę Rust zawierającą powiązania Rusta z " "bibliotekami C." #: src/android/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "We will look at `rust_binary` and `rust_library` next." msgstr "Następnie przyjrzymy się `rust_binary` i `rust_library`." #: src/android/build-rules.md msgid "Additional items speaker may mention:" msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules.md msgid "" "Cargo is not optimized for multi-language repos, and also downloads packages " "from the internet." msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules.md msgid "" "For compliance and performance, Android must have crates in-tree. It must " "also interop with C/C++/Java code. Soong fills that gap." msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules.md msgid "" "Soong has many similarities to Bazel, which is the open-source variant of " "Blaze (used in google3)." msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules.md msgid "" "There is a plan to transition [Android](https://source.android.com/docs/" "setup/build/bazel/introduction), [ChromeOS](https://chromium.googlesource." "com/chromiumos/bazel/), and [Fuchsia](https://source.android.com/docs/setup/" "build/bazel/introduction) to Bazel." msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules.md msgid "Learning Bazel-like build rules is useful for all Rust OS developers." msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules.md msgid "Fun fact: Data from Star Trek is a Soong-type Android." msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules/binary.md msgid "Rust Binaries" msgstr "Binaria Rusta" #: src/android/build-rules/binary.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Let us start with a simple application. At the root of an AOSP checkout, " "create the following files:" msgstr "" "Zacznijmy od prostej aplikacji. W katalogu głównym kasy AOSP utwórz " "następujące pliki:" #: src/android/build-rules/binary.md src/android/build-rules/library.md msgid "_hello_rust/Android.bp_:" msgstr "_hello_rust/Android.bp_:" #: src/android/build-rules/binary.md msgid "\"hello_rust\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules/binary.md src/android/build-rules/library.md #: src/android/logging.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"src/main.rs\"" msgstr "_hello_rust/src/main.rs_:" #: src/android/build-rules/binary.md src/android/build-rules/library.md #, fuzzy msgid "_hello_rust/src/main.rs_:" msgstr "_hello_rust/src/main.rs_:" #: src/android/build-rules/binary.md src/android/build-rules/library.md #, fuzzy msgid "//! Rust demo.\n" msgstr "" "```rust\n" "//! Rust demo.\n" "```" #: src/android/build-rules/binary.md src/android/build-rules/library.md msgid "/// Prints a greeting to standard output.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules/binary.md src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "\"Hello from Rust!\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules/binary.md #, fuzzy msgid "You can now build, push, and run the binary:" msgstr "Możesz teraz budować, przesyłać i uruchamiać plik binarny:" #: src/android/build-rules/binary.md msgid "" "```shell\n" "m hello_rust\n" "adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/hello_rust\" /data/local/tmp\n" "adb shell /data/local/tmp/hello_rust\n" "```" msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules/library.md msgid "Rust Libraries" msgstr "Biblioteki Rusta" #: src/android/build-rules/library.md #, fuzzy msgid "You use `rust_library` to create a new Rust library for Android." msgstr "" "Używasz `rust_library` do tworzenia nowej biblioteki Rust dla Androida." #: src/android/build-rules/library.md #, fuzzy msgid "Here we declare a dependency on two libraries:" msgstr "Tutaj deklarujemy zależność od dwóch bibliotek:" #: src/android/build-rules/library.md #, fuzzy msgid "`libgreeting`, which we define below," msgstr "`libgreeting`, które definiujemy poniżej," #: src/android/build-rules/library.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`libtextwrap`, which is a crate already vendored in [`external/rust/crates/`]" "(https://cs.android.com/android/platform/superproject/+/master:external/rust/" "crates/)." msgstr "" "`libtextwrap`, która jest już sprzedawaną skrzynką [`zewnętrzne/rdza/" "skrzynie/`](https://cs.android.com/android/platform/superproject/+/master:" "external/rust/crates/)." #: src/android/build-rules/library.md msgid "\"hello_rust_with_dep\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules/library.md msgid "\"libgreetings\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules/library.md msgid "\"libtextwrap\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules/library.md msgid "// Need this to avoid dynamic link error.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules/library.md msgid "\"greetings\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules/library.md src/android/aidl/implementation.md #: src/android/interoperability/java.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"src/lib.rs\"" msgstr "_hello_rust/src/main.rs_:" #: src/android/build-rules/library.md #, fuzzy msgid "_hello_rust/src/lib.rs_:" msgstr "_hello_rust/src/lib.rs_:" #: src/android/build-rules/library.md msgid "//! Greeting library.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules/library.md msgid "/// Greet `name`.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules/library.md msgid "\"Hello {name}, it is very nice to meet you!\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/build-rules/library.md #, fuzzy msgid "You build, push, and run the binary like before:" msgstr "Budujesz, wypychasz i uruchamiasz plik binarny tak jak poprzednio:" #: src/android/build-rules/library.md msgid "" "```shell\n" "m hello_rust_with_dep\n" "adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/hello_rust_with_dep\" /data/local/" "tmp\n" "adb shell /data/local/tmp/hello_rust_with_dep\n" "```" msgstr "" #: src/android/aidl.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The [Android Interface Definition Language (AIDL)](https://developer.android." "com/guide/components/aidl) is supported in Rust:" msgstr "" "[Język definicji interfejsu Androida (AIDL)](https://developer.android.com/" "guide/components/aidl) jest obsługiwany w Rust:" #: src/android/aidl.md #, fuzzy msgid "Rust code can call existing AIDL servers," msgstr "Kod Rusta może wywoływać istniejące serwery AIDL," #: src/android/aidl.md #, fuzzy msgid "You can create new AIDL servers in Rust." msgstr "Możesz tworzyć nowe serwery AIDL w Rust." #: src/android/aidl/interface.md #, fuzzy msgid "AIDL Interfaces" msgstr "Interfejsy AIDL" #: src/android/aidl/interface.md #, fuzzy msgid "You declare the API of your service using an AIDL interface:" msgstr "Deklarujesz API swojej usługi za pomocą interfejsu AIDL:" #: src/android/aidl/interface.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "_birthday_service/aidl/com/example/birthdayservice/IBirthdayService.aidl_:" msgstr "" "_urodziny_serwis/aidl/com/example/birthdayservice/IBirthdayService.aidl_:" #: src/android/aidl/interface.md src/android/aidl/changing.md msgid "/** Birthday service interface. */" msgstr "" #: src/android/aidl/interface.md src/android/aidl/changing.md msgid "/** Generate a Happy Birthday message. */" msgstr "" #: src/android/aidl/interface.md #, fuzzy msgid "_birthday_service/aidl/Android.bp_:" msgstr "_birthday_service/aidl/Android.bp_:" #: src/android/aidl/interface.md msgid "\"com.example.birthdayservice\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/aidl/interface.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"com/example/birthdayservice/*.aidl\"" msgstr "" "_urodziny_serwis/aidl/com/example/birthdayservice/IBirthdayService.aidl_:" #: src/android/aidl/interface.md msgid "// Rust is not enabled by default\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/aidl/interface.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Add `vendor_available: true` if your AIDL file is used by a binary in the " "vendor partition." msgstr "" "Dodaj „vendor_available: true”, jeśli plik AIDL jest używany przez plik " "binarny dostawcy przegroda." #: src/android/aidl/implementation.md #, fuzzy msgid "Service Implementation" msgstr "Implementacja usługi" #: src/android/aidl/implementation.md #, fuzzy msgid "We can now implement the AIDL service:" msgstr "Możemy teraz wdrożyć usługę AIDL:" #: src/android/aidl/implementation.md #, fuzzy msgid "_birthday_service/src/lib.rs_:" msgstr "_birthday_service/src/lib.rs_:" #: src/android/aidl/implementation.md msgid "//! Implementation of the `IBirthdayService` AIDL interface.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/aidl/implementation.md #, fuzzy msgid "/// The `IBirthdayService` implementation.\n" msgstr "Implementacja usługi" #: src/android/aidl/implementation.md msgid "\"Happy Birthday {name}, congratulations with the {years} years!\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/aidl/implementation.md src/android/aidl/server.md #: src/android/aidl/client.md #, fuzzy msgid "_birthday_service/Android.bp_:" msgstr "_birthday_service/Android.bp_:" #: src/android/aidl/implementation.md src/android/aidl/server.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"libbirthdayservice\"" msgstr "_birthday_service/src/lib.rs_:" #: src/android/aidl/implementation.md src/android/aidl/server.md #: src/android/aidl/client.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"birthdayservice\"" msgstr "_birthday_service/src/lib.rs_:" #: src/android/aidl/implementation.md src/android/aidl/server.md #: src/android/aidl/client.md msgid "\"com.example.birthdayservice-rust\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/aidl/implementation.md src/android/aidl/server.md #: src/android/aidl/client.md msgid "\"libbinder_rs\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/aidl/server.md #, fuzzy msgid "AIDL Server" msgstr "Serwer AIDL" #: src/android/aidl/server.md #, fuzzy msgid "Finally, we can create a server which exposes the service:" msgstr "Na koniec możemy stworzyć serwer, który eksponuje usługę:" #: src/android/aidl/server.md #, fuzzy msgid "_birthday_service/src/server.rs_:" msgstr "_birthday_service/src/server.rs_:" #: src/android/aidl/server.md src/android/aidl/client.md msgid "//! Birthday service.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/aidl/server.md msgid "/// Entry point for birthday service.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/aidl/server.md msgid "\"Failed to register service\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/aidl/server.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"birthday_server\"" msgstr "_birthday_service/src/lib.rs_:" #: src/android/aidl/server.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"src/server.rs\"" msgstr "serwery." #: src/android/aidl/server.md src/android/aidl/client.md msgid "// To avoid dynamic link error.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/aidl/deploy.md #, fuzzy msgid "We can now build, push, and start the service:" msgstr "Możemy teraz zbudować, wypchnąć i uruchomić usługę:" #: src/android/aidl/deploy.md msgid "" "```shell\n" "m birthday_server\n" "adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/birthday_server\" /data/local/" "tmp\n" "adb root\n" "adb shell /data/local/tmp/birthday_server\n" "```" msgstr "" #: src/android/aidl/deploy.md #, fuzzy msgid "In another terminal, check that the service runs:" msgstr "W innym terminalu sprawdź, czy usługa działa:" #: src/android/aidl/deploy.md #, fuzzy msgid "You can also call the service with `service call`:" msgstr "Możesz również zadzwonić do serwisu za pomocą `wezwania serwisowego`:" #: src/android/aidl/client.md #, fuzzy msgid "AIDL Client" msgstr "Klient AIDL" #: src/android/aidl/client.md #, fuzzy msgid "Finally, we can create a Rust client for our new service." msgstr "Wreszcie możemy stworzyć klienta Rust dla naszej nowej usługi." #: src/android/aidl/client.md #, fuzzy msgid "_birthday_service/src/client.rs_:" msgstr "_birthday_service/src/client.rs_:" #: src/android/aidl/client.md #, fuzzy msgid "/// Connect to the BirthdayService.\n" msgstr "" "/// Połącz się z usługą BirthdayService. pub fn connect() -> Wynik\\" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md msgid "\"libbirthday.h\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md msgid "\"+--------------\\n\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md msgid "\"| Happy Birthday %s!\\n\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md msgid "\"| Congratulations with the %i years!\\n\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md #, fuzzy msgid "Add this to your `Android.bp` file:" msgstr "Dodaj to do swojego pliku `Android.bp`:" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md #, fuzzy msgid "_interoperability/bindgen/Android.bp_:" msgstr "_interoperacyjność/bindgen/Android.bp_:" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md msgid "\"libbirthday\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md msgid "\"libbirthday.c\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Create a wrapper header file for the library (not strictly needed in this " "example):" msgstr "" "Utwórz plik nagłówkowy opakowania dla biblioteki (nie jest to bezwzględnie " "potrzebne w tym przypadku przykład):" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md #, fuzzy msgid "_interoperability/bindgen/libbirthday_wrapper.h_:" msgstr "_interoperability/bindgen/libbirthday_wrapper.h_:" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md #, fuzzy msgid "You can now auto-generate the bindings:" msgstr "Możesz teraz automatycznie generować powiązania:" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md msgid "\"libbirthday_bindgen\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"birthday_bindgen\"" msgstr "`rdza_powiązanie`" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md msgid "\"libbirthday_wrapper.h\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md msgid "\"bindings\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md #, fuzzy msgid "Finally, we can use the bindings in our Rust program:" msgstr "Na koniec możemy użyć powiązań w naszym programie Rust:" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md msgid "\"print_birthday_card\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"main.rs\"" msgstr "_hello_rust/src/main.rs_:" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md #, fuzzy msgid "_interoperability/bindgen/main.rs_:" msgstr "_interoperacyjność/bindgen/main.rs_:" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md msgid "//! Bindgen demo.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md msgid "// SAFETY: `print_card` is safe to call with a valid `card` pointer.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md msgid "" "```shell\n" "m print_birthday_card\n" "adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/print_birthday_card\" /data/local/" "tmp\n" "adb shell /data/local/tmp/print_birthday_card\n" "```" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md #, fuzzy msgid "Finally, we can run auto-generated tests to ensure the bindings work:" msgstr "" "Na koniec możemy uruchomić automatycznie generowane testy, aby upewnić się, " "że powiązania działają:" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md msgid "\"libbirthday_bindgen_test\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md msgid "\":libbirthday_bindgen\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md msgid "\"general-tests\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md msgid "\"none\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md msgid "// Generated file, skip linting\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md #, fuzzy msgid "Calling Rust" msgstr "Ekosystem Rust" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md #, fuzzy msgid "Exporting Rust functions and types to C is easy:" msgstr "Eksportowanie funkcji i typów Rust do C jest łatwe:" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md #, fuzzy msgid "_interoperability/rust/libanalyze/analyze.rs_" msgstr "_interoperability/rust/libanalyze/analyze.rs_" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md #, fuzzy msgid "//! Rust FFI demo.\n" msgstr "" "```rust\n" "//! Rust demo.\n" "```" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md msgid "/// Analyze the numbers.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md msgid "\"x ({x}) is smallest!\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md msgid "\"y ({y}) is probably larger than x ({x})\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md #, fuzzy msgid "_interoperability/rust/libanalyze/analyze.h_" msgstr "_interoperability/rust/libanalyze/analyze.h_" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md #, fuzzy msgid "_interoperability/rust/libanalyze/Android.bp_" msgstr "_interoperacyjność/rust/libanalyze/Android.bp_" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md msgid "\"libanalyze_ffi\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md msgid "\"analyze_ffi\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md msgid "\"analyze.rs\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md #, fuzzy msgid "We can now call this from a C binary:" msgstr "Możemy teraz wywołać to z pliku binarnego C:" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md #, fuzzy msgid "_interoperability/rust/analyze/main.c_" msgstr "_interoperacyjność/rust/analiza/main.c_" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md msgid "\"analyze.h\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md #, fuzzy msgid "_interoperability/rust/analyze/Android.bp_" msgstr "_interoperacyjność/rust/analyze/Android.bp_" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md msgid "\"analyze_numbers\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md msgid "\"main.c\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md msgid "" "```shell\n" "m analyze_numbers\n" "adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/analyze_numbers\" /data/local/" "tmp\n" "adb shell /data/local/tmp/analyze_numbers\n" "```" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`#[no_mangle]` disables Rust's usual name mangling, so the exported symbol " "will just be the name of the function. You can also use `#[export_name = " "\"some_name\"]` to specify whatever name you want." msgstr "" "`#[no_mangle]` wyłącza zwykłe zniekształcanie nazw Rusta, więc eksportowany " "symbol będzie po prostu nazwą funkcja. Możesz także użyć `#[nazwa_eksportu = " "\"jakaś_nazwa\"]`, aby określić dowolną nazwę." #: src/android/interoperability/cpp.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The [CXX crate](https://cxx.rs/) makes it possible to do safe " "interoperability between Rust and C++." msgstr "" "[Skrzynia CXX](https://cxx.rs/) umożliwia bezpieczną interoperacyjność " "między Rust i C++." #: src/android/interoperability/cpp.md #, fuzzy msgid "The overall approach looks like this:" msgstr "Ogólne podejście wygląda następująco:" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md msgid "" "CXX relies on a description of the function signatures that will be exposed " "from each language to the other. You provide this description using extern " "blocks in a Rust module annotated with the `#[cxx::bridge]` attribute macro." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md msgid "\"org::blobstore\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md msgid "// Shared structs with fields visible to both languages.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/generated-cpp.md msgid "// Rust types and signatures exposed to C++.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/generated-cpp.md #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md msgid "\"Rust\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md msgid "// C++ types and signatures exposed to Rust.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-exception.md #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md msgid "\"C++\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md msgid "\"include/blobstore.h\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md msgid "The bridge is generally declared in an `ffi` module within your crate." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md msgid "" "From the declarations made in the bridge module, CXX will generate matching " "Rust and C++ type/function definitions in order to expose those items to " "both languages." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md msgid "" "To view the generated Rust code, use [cargo-expand](https://github.com/" "dtolnay/cargo-expand) to view the expanded proc macro. For most of the " "examples you would use `cargo expand ::ffi` to expand just the `ffi` module " "(though this doesn't apply for Android projects)." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md msgid "To view the generated C++ code, look in `target/cxxbridge`." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md msgid "Rust Bridge Declarations" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md msgid "// Opaque type\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md msgid "// Method on `MyType`\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md #, fuzzy msgid "// Free function\n" msgstr "Funkcje" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md msgid "" "Items declared in the `extern \"Rust\"` reference items that are in scope in " "the parent module." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md msgid "" "The CXX code generator uses your `extern \"Rust\"` section(s) to produce a C+" "+ header file containing the corresponding C++ declarations. The generated " "header has the same path as the Rust source file containing the bridge, " "except with a .rs.h file extension." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/generated-cpp.md msgid "Results in (roughly) the following C++:" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md msgid "C++ Bridge Declarations" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md msgid "Results in (roughly) the following Rust:" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md msgid "\"org$blobstore$cxxbridge1$new_blobstore_client\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md msgid "\"org$blobstore$cxxbridge1$BlobstoreClient$put\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md msgid "" "The programmer does not need to promise that the signatures they have typed " "in are accurate. CXX performs static assertions that the signatures exactly " "correspond with what is declared in C++." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md msgid "" "`unsafe extern` blocks allow you to declare C++ functions that are safe to " "call from Rust." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-types.md msgid "// A=1, J=11, Q=12, K=13\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-types.md msgid "Only C-like (unit) enums are supported." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-types.md msgid "" "A limited number of traits are supported for `#[derive()]` on shared types. " "Corresponding functionality is also generated for the C++ code, e.g. if you " "derive `Hash` also generates an implementation of `std::hash` for the " "corresponding C++ type." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-enums.md #, fuzzy msgid "Generated Rust:" msgstr "Niebezpieczny Rust" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-enums.md msgid "Generated C++:" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-enums.md msgid "" "On the Rust side, the code generated for shared enums is actually a struct " "wrapping a numeric value. This is because it is not UB in C++ for an enum " "class to hold a value different from all of the listed variants, and our " "Rust representation needs to have the same behavior." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md msgid "\"fallible1 requires depth > 0\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md msgid "\"Success!\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md msgid "" "Rust functions that return `Result` are translated to exceptions on the C++ " "side." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md msgid "" "The exception thrown will always be of type `rust::Error`, which primarily " "exposes a way to get the error message string. The error message will come " "from the error type's `Display` impl." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md msgid "" "A panic unwinding from Rust to C++ will always cause the process to " "immediately terminate." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-exception.md msgid "\"example/include/example.h\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-exception.md msgid "\"Error: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-exception.md msgid "" "C++ functions declared to return a `Result` will catch any thrown exception " "on the C++ side and return it as an `Err` value to the calling Rust function." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-exception.md msgid "" "If an exception is thrown from an extern \"C++\" function that is not " "declared by the CXX bridge to return `Result`, the program calls C++'s `std::" "terminate`. The behavior is equivalent to the same exception being thrown " "through a `noexcept` C++ function." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md #, fuzzy msgid "Rust Type" msgstr "Rust by Example" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md #, fuzzy msgid "C++ Type" msgstr "Przykład C++" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md #, fuzzy msgid "`rust::String`" msgstr "`rdza_powiązanie`" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md msgid "`&str`" msgstr "`&str`" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md #, fuzzy msgid "`rust::Str`" msgstr "`test_rdzy`" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md #, fuzzy msgid "`CxxString`" msgstr "String" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md msgid "`std::string`" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md msgid "`&[T]`/`&mut [T]`" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md #, fuzzy msgid "`rust::Slice`" msgstr "`rust_ffi`" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md msgid "`rust::Box`" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md msgid "`UniquePtr`" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md msgid "`std::unique_ptr`" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Vec`" msgstr "`Vec`" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md #, fuzzy msgid "`rust::Vec`" msgstr "`mpsc::Odbiornik`" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md #, fuzzy msgid "`CxxVector`" msgstr "`Komórka`" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md #, fuzzy msgid "`std::vector`" msgstr "`mpsc::Odbiornik`" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md msgid "" "These types can be used in the fields of shared structs and the arguments " "and returns of extern functions." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md msgid "" "Note that Rust's `String` does not map directly to `std::string`. There are " "a few reasons for this:" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md msgid "" "`std::string` does not uphold the UTF-8 invariant that `String` requires." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md msgid "" "The two types have different layouts in memory and so can't be passed " "directly between languages." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md msgid "" "`std::string` requires move constructors that don't match Rust's move " "semantics, so a `std::string` can't be passed by value to Rust." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-rust.md #, fuzzy msgid "Building in Android" msgstr "Binaria Rusta" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md msgid "" "Create a `cc_library_static` to build the C++ library, including the CXX " "generated header and source file." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-rust.md msgid "\"libcxx_test_cpp\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md msgid "\"cxx_test.cpp\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md msgid "\"cxx-bridge-header\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md msgid "\"libcxx_test_bridge_header\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md msgid "\"libcxx_test_bridge_code\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md msgid "" "Point out that `libcxx_test_bridge_header` and `libcxx_test_bridge_code` are " "the dependencies for the CXX-generated C++ bindings. We'll show how these " "are setup on the next slide." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md msgid "" "Note that you also need to depend on the `cxx-bridge-header` library in " "order to pull in common CXX definitions." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md msgid "" "Full docs for using CXX in Android can be found in [the Android docs]" "(https://source.android.com/docs/setup/build/rust/building-rust-modules/" "android-rust-patterns#rust-cpp-interop-using-cxx). You may want to share " "that link with the class so that students know where they can find these " "instructions again in the future." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md msgid "" "Create two genrules: One to generate the CXX header, and one to generate the " "CXX source file. These are then used as inputs to the `cc_library_static`." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md msgid "" "// Generate a C++ header containing the C++ bindings\n" "// to the Rust exported functions in lib.rs.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md msgid "\"cxxbridge\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md msgid "\"$(location cxxbridge) $(in) --header > $(out)\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-rust.md msgid "\"lib.rs\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md msgid "\"lib.rs.h\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md msgid "// Generate the C++ code that Rust calls into.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md msgid "\"$(location cxxbridge) $(in) > $(out)\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md msgid "\"lib.rs.cc\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md msgid "" "The `cxxbridge` tool is a standalone tool that generates the C++ side of the " "bridge module. It is included in Android and available as a Soong tool." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md msgid "" "By convention, if your Rust source file is `lib.rs` your header file will be " "named `lib.rs.h` and your source file will be named `lib.rs.cc`. This naming " "convention isn't enforced, though." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-rust.md msgid "" "Create a `rust_binary` that depends on `libcxx` and your `cc_library_static`." msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-rust.md msgid "\"cxx_test\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-rust.md msgid "\"libcxx\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/java.md #, fuzzy msgid "Interoperability with Java" msgstr "Współpraca z Javą" #: src/android/interoperability/java.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Java can load shared objects via [Java Native Interface (JNI)](https://en." "wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Native_Interface). The [`jni` crate](https://docs.rs/" "jni/) allows you to create a compatible library." msgstr "" "Java może ładować udostępnione obiekty za pośrednictwem [Java Native " "Interface (JNI)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Native_Interface). " "[`jni` crate](https://docs.rs/jni/) umożliwia utworzenie kompatybilnej " "biblioteki." #: src/android/interoperability/java.md #, fuzzy msgid "First, we create a Rust function to export to Java:" msgstr "Najpierw tworzymy funkcję Rust do eksportu do Javy:" #: src/android/interoperability/java.md #, fuzzy msgid "_interoperability/java/src/lib.rs_:" msgstr "_interoperacyjność/java/src/lib.rs_:" #: src/android/interoperability/java.md msgid "//! Rust <-> Java FFI demo.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/java.md msgid "/// HelloWorld::hello method implementation.\n" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/java.md msgid "\"system\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/java.md msgid "\"Hello, {input}!\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/java.md #, fuzzy msgid "_interoperability/java/Android.bp_:" msgstr "_interoperacyjność/java/Android.bp_:" #: src/android/interoperability/java.md msgid "\"libhello_jni\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/java.md msgid "\"hello_jni\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/java.md msgid "\"libjni\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/java.md #, fuzzy msgid "We then call this function from Java:" msgstr "Na koniec możemy wywołać tę funkcję z Javy:" #: src/android/interoperability/java.md #, fuzzy msgid "_interoperability/java/HelloWorld.java_:" msgstr "_interoperacyjność/java/HelloWorld.java_:" #: src/android/interoperability/java.md msgid "\"helloworld_jni\"" msgstr "" #: src/android/interoperability/java.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"HelloWorld.java\"" msgstr "Witaj świecie!" #: src/android/interoperability/java.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"HelloWorld\"" msgstr "Witaj świecie!" #: src/android/interoperability/java.md #, fuzzy msgid "Finally, you can build, sync, and run the binary:" msgstr "Na koniec możesz zbudować, zsynchronizować i uruchomić plik binarny:" #: src/exercises/android/morning.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "This is a group exercise: We will look at one of the projects you work with " "and try to integrate some Rust into it. Some suggestions:" msgstr "" "W ostatnim ćwiczeniu przyjrzymy się jednemu z projektów, nad którymi " "pracujesz. Pozwól nam zbierzcie się i zróbcie to razem. Jakieś sugestie:" #: src/exercises/android/morning.md #, fuzzy msgid "Call your AIDL service with a client written in Rust." msgstr "Zadzwoń do swojego serwisu AIDL z klientem napisanym w Rust." #: src/exercises/android/morning.md #, fuzzy msgid "Move a function from your project to Rust and call it." msgstr "Przenieś funkcję z projektu do Rusta i wywołaj ją." #: src/exercises/android/morning.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "No solution is provided here since this is open-ended: it relies on someone " "in the class having a piece of code which you can turn in to Rust on the fly." msgstr "" "Nie podano tutaj żadnego rozwiązania, ponieważ jest ono otwarte: polega na " "kimś w klasa posiadająca fragment kodu, który można przekazać Rustowi w " "locie." #: src/chromium.md msgid "Welcome to Rust in Chromium" msgstr "" #: src/chromium.md msgid "" "Rust is supported for third-party libraries in Chromium, with first-party " "glue code to connect between Rust and existing Chromium C++ code." msgstr "" #: src/chromium.md msgid "" "Today, we'll call into Rust to do something silly with strings. If you've " "got a corner of the code where you're displaying a UTF8 string to the user, " "feel free to follow this recipe in your part of the codebase instead of the " "exact part we talk about." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/setup.md msgid "" "Make sure you can build and run Chromium. Any platform and set of build " "flags is OK, so long as your code is relatively recent (commit position " "1223636 onwards, corresponding to November 2023):" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/setup.md msgid "" "(A component, debug build is recommended for quickest iteration time. This " "is the default!)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/setup.md msgid "" "See [How to build Chromium](https://www.chromium.org/developers/how-tos/get-" "the-code/) if you aren't already at that point. Be warned: setting up to " "build Chromium takes time." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/setup.md msgid "It's also recommended that you have Visual Studio code installed." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/setup.md msgid "About the exercises" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/setup.md msgid "" "This part of the course has a series of exercises which build on each other. " "We'll be doing them spread throughout the course instead of just at the end. " "If you don't have time to complete a certain part, don't worry: you can " "catch up in the next slot." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "Rust community typically uses `cargo` and libraries from [crates.io](https://" "crates.io/). Chromium is built using `gn` and `ninja` and a curated set of " "dependencies." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "When writing code in Rust, your choices are:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "Use `gn` and `ninja` with the help of the templates from `//build/rust/*." "gni` (e.g. `rust_static_library` that we'll meet later). This uses " "Chromium's audited toolchain and crates." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "Use `cargo`, but [restrict yourself to Chromium's audited toolchain and " "crates](https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/refs/heads/main/" "docs/rust.md#Using-cargo)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "Use `cargo`, trusting a [toolchain](https://rustup.rs/) and/or [crates " "downloaded from the internet](https://crates.io/)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "From here on we'll be focusing on `gn` and `ninja`, because this is how Rust " "code can be built into the Chromium browser. At the same time, Cargo is an " "important part of the Rust ecosystem and you should keep it in your toolbox." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md #, fuzzy msgid "Mini exercise" msgstr "Ćwiczenia" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "Split into small groups and:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "Brainstorm scenarios where `cargo` may offer an advantage and assess the " "risk profile of these scenarios." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "Discuss which tools, libraries, and groups of people need to be trusted when " "using `gn` and `ninja`, offline `cargo`, etc." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "Ask students to avoid peeking at the speaker notes before completing the " "exercise. Assuming folks taking the course are physically together, ask them " "to discuss in small groups of 3-4 people." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "Notes/hints related to the first part of the exercise (\"scenarios where " "Cargo may offer an advantage\"):" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "It's fantastic that when writing a tool, or prototyping a part of Chromium, " "one has access to the rich ecosystem of crates.io libraries. There is a " "crate for almost anything and they are usually quite pleasant to use. " "(`clap` for command-line parsing, `serde` for serializing/deserializing to/" "from various formats, `itertools` for working with iterators, etc.)." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "`cargo` makes it easy to try a library (just add a single line to `Cargo." "toml` and start writing code)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "It may be worth comparing how CPAN helped make `perl` a popular choice. Or " "comparing with `python` + `pip`." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "Development experience is made really nice not only by core Rust tools (e.g. " "using `rustup` to switch to a different `rustc` version when testing a crate " "that needs to work on nightly, current stable, and older stable) but also by " "an ecosystem of third-party tools (e.g. Mozilla provides `cargo vet` for " "streamlining and sharing security audits; `criterion` crate gives a " "streamlined way to run benchmarks)." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "`cargo` makes it easy to add a tool via `cargo install --locked cargo-vet`." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "It may be worth comparing with Chrome Extensions or VScode extensions." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "Broad, generic examples of projects where `cargo` may be the right choice:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "Perhaps surprisingly, Rust is becoming increasingly popular in the industry " "for writing command line tools. The breadth and ergonomics of libraries is " "comparable to Python, while being more robust (thanks to the rich " "typesystem) and running faster (as a compiled, rather than interpreted " "language)." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "Participating in the Rust ecosystem requires using standard Rust tools like " "Cargo. Libraries that want to get external contributions, and want to be " "used outside of Chromium (e.g. in Bazel or Android/Soong build environments) " "should probably use Cargo." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "Examples of Chromium-related projects that are `cargo`\\-based:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "`serde_json_lenient` (experimented with in other parts of Google which " "resulted in PRs with performance improvements)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "Fontations libraries like `font-types`" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "`gnrt` tool (we will meet it later in the course) which depends on `clap` " "for command-line parsing and on `toml` for configuration files." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "Disclaimer: a unique reason for using `cargo` was unavailability of `gn` " "when building and bootstrapping Rust standard library when building Rust " "toolchain.)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "`run_gnrt.py` uses Chromium's copy of `cargo` and `rustc`. `gnrt` depends on " "third-party libraries downloaded from the internet, by `run_gnrt.py` asks " "`cargo` that only `--locked` content is allowed via `Cargo.lock`.)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "Students may identify the following items as being implicitly or explicitly " "trusted:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "`rustc` (the Rust compiler) which in turn depends on the LLVM libraries, the " "Clang compiler, the `rustc` sources (fetched from GitHub, reviewed by Rust " "compiler team), binary Rust compiler downloaded for bootstrapping" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "`rustup` (it may be worth pointing out that `rustup` is developed under the " "umbrella of the https://github.com/rust-lang/ organization - same as `rustc`)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "`cargo`, `rustfmt`, etc." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "Various internal infrastructure (bots that build `rustc`, system for " "distributing the prebuilt toolchain to Chromium engineers, etc.)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "Cargo tools like `cargo audit`, `cargo vet`, etc." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "" "Rust libraries vendored into `//third_party/rust` (audited by " "security@chromium.org)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/cargo.md msgid "Other Rust libraries (some niche, some quite popular and commonly used)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/policy.md msgid "Chromium Rust policy" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/policy.md msgid "" "Chromium does not yet allow first-party Rust except in rare cases as " "approved by Chromium's [Area Tech Leads](https://source.chromium.org/" "chromium/chromium/src/+/main:ATL_OWNERS)." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/policy.md msgid "" "Chromium's policy on third party libraries is outlined [here](https://" "chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/main/docs/adding_to_third_party." "md#rust) - Rust is allowed for third party libraries under various " "circumstances, including if they're the best option for performance or for " "security." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/policy.md msgid "" "Very few Rust libraries directly expose a C/C++ API, so that means that " "nearly all such libraries will require a small amount of first-party glue " "code." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/policy.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "```bob\n" "\"C++\" Rust\n" ".- - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " "-.\n" ": : : :\n" ": Existing Chromium : : Chromium Rust Existing " "Rust :\n" ": \"C++\" : : \"wrapper\" " "crate :\n" ": +---------------+ : : +----------------+ +-------------" "+ :\n" ": | | : : | | | " "| :\n" ": | o-----+-+-----------+-+-> o-+----------+--> " "| :\n" ": | | : Language : | | Crate | " "| :\n" ": +---------------+ : boundary : +----------------+ API +-------------" "+ :\n" ": : : :\n" "`- - - - - - - - - -' `- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - " "-'\n" "```" msgstr "" "```bob\n" " Stos Sterta\n" ".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -.\n" ": : : :\n" ": s1 : : :\n" ": +-----------+-------+ : : +----+----+----+----+----+ :\n" ": | ptr | o---+---+-----+-->| H | e | l | l | o | :\n" ": | len | 5 | : : +----+----+----+----+----+ :\n" ": | capacity | 5 | : : :\n" ": +-----------+-------+ : : :\n" ": : `- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" "`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" "```" #: src/chromium/policy.md msgid "" "First-party Rust glue code for a particular third-party crate should " "normally be kept in `third_party/rust///wrapper`." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/policy.md msgid "Because of this, today's course will be heavily focused on:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/policy.md msgid "Bringing in third-party Rust libraries (\"crates\")" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/policy.md msgid "Writing glue code to be able to use those crates from Chromium C++." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/policy.md msgid "If this policy changes over time, the course will evolve to keep up." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "Build rules" msgstr "Reguły budowania" #: src/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "Rust code is usually built using `cargo`. Chromium builds with `gn` and " "`ninja` for efficiency --- its static rules allow maximum parallelism. Rust " "is no exception." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "Adding Rust code to Chromium" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "In some existing Chromium `BUILD.gn` file, declare a `rust_static_library`:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "```gn\n" "import(\"//build/rust/rust_static_library.gni\")\n" "\n" "rust_static_library(\"my_rust_lib\") {\n" " crate_root = \"lib.rs\"\n" " sources = [ \"lib.rs\" ]\n" "}\n" "```" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "You can also add `deps` on other Rust targets. Later we'll use this to " "depend upon third party code." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "You must specify _both_ the crate root, _and_ a full list of sources. The " "`crate_root` is the file given to the Rust compiler representing the root " "file of the compilation unit --- typically `lib.rs`. `sources` is a complete " "list of all source files which `ninja` needs in order to determine when " "rebuilds are necessary." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "(There's no such thing as a Rust `source_set`, because in Rust, an entire " "crate is a compilation unit. A `static_library` is the smallest unit.)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "Students might be wondering why we need a gn template, rather than using " "[gn's built-in support for Rust static libraries](https://gn.googlesource." "com/gn/+/main/docs/reference.md#func_static_library). The answer is that " "this template provides support for CXX interop, Rust features, and unit " "tests, some of which we'll use later." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules/unsafe.md msgid "Including `unsafe` Rust Code" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules/unsafe.md msgid "" "Unsafe Rust code is forbidden in `rust_static_library` by default --- it " "won't compile. If you need unsafe Rust code, add `allow_unsafe = true` to " "the gn target. (Later in the course we'll see circumstances where this is " "necessary.)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules/unsafe.md msgid "" "```gn\n" "import(\"//build/rust/rust_static_library.gni\")\n" "\n" "rust_static_library(\"my_rust_lib\") {\n" " crate_root = \"lib.rs\"\n" " sources = [\n" " \"lib.rs\",\n" " \"hippopotamus.rs\"\n" " ]\n" " allow_unsafe = true\n" "}\n" "```" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules/depending.md msgid "Simply add the above target to the `deps` of some Chromium C++ target." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules/depending.md msgid "" "```gn\n" "import(\"//build/rust/rust_static_library.gni\")\n" "\n" "rust_static_library(\"my_rust_lib\") {\n" " crate_root = \"lib.rs\"\n" " sources = [ \"lib.rs\" ]\n" "}\n" "\n" "# or source_set, static_library etc.\n" "component(\"preexisting_cpp\") {\n" " deps = [ \":my_rust_lib\" ]\n" "}\n" "```" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md msgid "" "Types are elided in Rust code, which makes a good IDE even more useful than " "for C++. Visual Studio code works well for Rust in Chromium. To use it," msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md msgid "" "Ensure your VSCode has the `rust-analyzer` extension, not earlier forms of " "Rust support" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md msgid "" "`gn gen out/Debug --export-rust-project` (or equivalent for your output " "directory)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md msgid "`ln -s out/Debug/rust-project.json rust-project.json`" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md msgid "" "A demo of some of the code annotation and exploration features of rust-" "analyzer might be beneficial if the audience are naturally skeptical of IDEs." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md msgid "" "The following steps may help with the demo (but feel free to instead use a " "piece of Chromium-related Rust that you are most familiar with):" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md msgid "Open `components/qr_code_generator/qr_code_generator_ffi_glue.rs`" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md msgid "" "Place the cursor over the `QrCode::new` call (around line 26) in " "\\`qr_code_generator_ffi_glue.rs" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md msgid "" "Demo **show documentation** (typical bindings: vscode = ctrl k i; vim/CoC = " "K)." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md msgid "" "Demo **go to definition** (typical bindings: vscode = F12; vim/CoC = g d). " "(This will take you to `//third_party/rust/.../qr_code-.../src/lib.rs`.)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md msgid "" "Demo **outline** and navigate to the `QrCode::with_bits` method (around line " "164; the outline is in the file explorer pane in vscode; typical vim/CoC " "bindings = space o)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md msgid "" "Demo **type annotations** (there are quote a few nice examples in the " "`QrCode::with_bits` method)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md msgid "" "It may be worth pointing out that `gn gen ... --export-rust-project` will " "need to be rerun after editing `BUILD.gn` files (which we will do a few " "times throughout the exercises in this session)." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "Build rules exercise" msgstr "Reguły budowania" #: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "In your Chromium build, add a new Rust target to `//ui/base/BUILD.gn` " "containing:" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "**Important**: note that `no_mangle` here is considered a type of unsafety " "by the Rust compiler, so you'll need to to allow unsafe code in your `gn` " "target." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "Add this new Rust target as a dependency of `//ui/base:base`. Declare this " "function at the top of `ui/base/resource/resource_bundle.cc` (later, we'll " "see how this can be automated by bindings generation tools):" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "Call this function from somewhere in `ui/base/resource/resource_bundle.cc` - " "we suggest the top of `ResourceBundle::MaybeMangleLocalizedString`. Build " "and run Chromium, and ensure that \"Hello from Rust!\" is printed lots of " "times." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "If you use VSCode, now set up Rust to work well in VSCode. It will be useful " "in subsequent exercises. If you've succeeded, you will be able to use right-" "click \"Go to definition\" on `println!`." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "Where to find help" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "The options available to the [`rust_static_library` gn template](https://" "source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:build/rust/" "rust_static_library.gni;l=16)" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "Information about [`#[no_mangle]`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/beta/reference/" "abi.html#the-no_mangle-attribute)" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "Information about [`extern \"C\"`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/keyword." "extern.html)" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "Information about gn's [`--export-rust-project`](https://gn.googlesource.com/" "gn/+/main/docs/reference.md#compilation-database) switch" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "[How to install rust-analyzer in VSCode](https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/" "languages/rust)" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "This example is unusual because it boils down to the lowest-common-" "denominator interop language, C. Both C++ and Rust can natively declare and " "call C ABI functions. Later in the course, we'll connect C++ directly to " "Rust." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "`allow_unsafe = true` is required here because `#[no_mangle]` might allow " "Rust to generate two functions with the same name, and Rust can no longer " "guarantee that the right one is called." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md msgid "" "If you need a pure Rust executable, you can also do that using the " "`rust_executable` gn template." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing.md msgid "" "Rust community typically authors unit tests in a module placed in the same " "source file as the code being tested. This was covered [earlier](../testing." "md) in the course and looks like this:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing.md msgid "" "In Chromium we place unit tests in a separate source file and we continue to " "follow this practice for Rust --- this makes tests consistently discoverable " "and helps to avoid rebuilding `.rs` files a second time (in the `test` " "configuration)." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing.md msgid "" "This results in the following options for testing Rust code in Chromium:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing.md msgid "" "Native Rust tests (i.e. `#[test]`). Discouraged outside of `//third_party/" "rust`." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing.md msgid "" "`gtest` tests authored in C++ and exercising Rust via FFI calls. Sufficient " "when Rust code is just a thin FFI layer and the existing unit tests provide " "sufficient coverage for the feature." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing.md msgid "" "`gtest` tests authored in Rust and using the crate under test through its " "public API (using `pub mod for_testing { ... }` if needed). This is the " "subject of the next few slides." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing.md msgid "" "Mention that native Rust tests of third-party crates should eventually be " "exercised by Chromium bots. (Such testing is needed rarely --- only after " "adding or updating third-party crates.)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing.md msgid "" "Some examples may help illustrate when C++ `gtest` vs Rust `gtest` should be " "used:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing.md msgid "" "QR has very little functionality in the first-party Rust layer (it's just a " "thin FFI glue) and therefore uses the existing C++ unit tests for testing " "both the C++ and the Rust implementation (parameterizing the tests so they " "enable or disable Rust using a `ScopedFeatureList`)." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing.md msgid "" "Hypothetical/WIP PNG integration may need to implement memory-safe " "implementation of pixel transformations that are provided by `libpng` but " "missing in the `png` crate - e.g. RGBA => BGRA, or gamma correction. Such " "functionality may benefit from separate tests authored in Rust." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing/rust-gtest-interop.md msgid "" "The [`rust_gtest_interop`](https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/" "main/testing/rust_gtest_interop/README.md) library provides a way to:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing/rust-gtest-interop.md msgid "" "Use a Rust function as a `gtest` testcase (using the `#[gtest(...)]` " "attribute)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing/rust-gtest-interop.md msgid "" "Use `expect_eq!` and similar macros (similar to `assert_eq!` but not " "panicking and not terminating the test when the assertion fails)." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing/rust-gtest-interop.md #, fuzzy msgid "Example:" msgstr "Przykład" #: src/chromium/testing/build-gn.md msgid "" "The simplest way to build Rust `gtest` tests is to add them to an existing " "test binary that already contains tests authored in C++. For example:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing/build-gn.md msgid "" "```gn\n" "test(\"ui_base_unittests\") {\n" " ...\n" " sources += [ \"my_rust_lib_unittest.rs\" ]\n" " deps += [ \":my_rust_lib\" ]\n" "}\n" "```" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing/build-gn.md msgid "" "Authoring Rust tests in a separate `static_library` also works, but requires " "manually declaring the dependency on the support libraries:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing/build-gn.md msgid "" "```gn\n" "rust_static_library(\"my_rust_lib_unittests\") {\n" " testonly = true\n" " is_gtest_unittests = true\n" " crate_root = \"my_rust_lib_unittest.rs\"\n" " sources = [ \"my_rust_lib_unittest.rs\" ]\n" " deps = [\n" " \":my_rust_lib\",\n" " \"//testing/rust_gtest_interop\",\n" " ]\n" "}\n" "\n" "test(\"ui_base_unittests\") {\n" " ...\n" " deps += [ \":my_rust_lib_unittests\" ]\n" "}\n" "```" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing/chromium-import-macro.md msgid "" "After adding `:my_rust_lib` to GN `deps`, we still need to learn how to " "import and use `my_rust_lib` from `my_rust_lib_unittest.rs`. We haven't " "provided an explicit `crate_name` for `my_rust_lib` so its crate name is " "computed based on the full target path and name. Fortunately we can avoid " "working with such an unwieldy name by using the `chromium::import!` macro " "from the automatically-imported `chromium` crate:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing/chromium-import-macro.md msgid "\"//ui/base:my_rust_lib\"" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing/chromium-import-macro.md msgid "Under the covers the macro expands to something similar to:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing/chromium-import-macro.md msgid "" "More information can be found in [the doc comment](https://source.chromium." "org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:build/rust/chromium_prelude/" "chromium_prelude.rs?q=f:chromium_prelude.rs%20pub.use.*%5Cbimport%5Cb;%20-f:" "third_party&ss=chromium%2Fchromium%2Fsrc) of the `chromium::import` macro." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/testing/chromium-import-macro.md msgid "" "`rust_static_library` supports specifying an explicit name via `crate_name` " "property, but doing this is discouraged. And it is discouraged because the " "crate name has to be globally unique. crates.io guarantees uniqueness of its " "crate names so `cargo_crate` GN targets (generated by the `gnrt` tool " "covered in a later section) use short crate names." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md #, fuzzy msgid "Testing exercise" msgstr "Rust on Exercism" #: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md msgid "Time for another exercise!" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md msgid "In your Chromium build:" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md msgid "" "Add a testable function next to `hello_from_rust`. Some suggestions: adding " "two integers received as arguments, computing the nth Fibonacci number, " "summing integers in a slice, etc." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md msgid "Add a separate `..._unittest.rs` file with a test for the new function." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md msgid "Add the new tests to `BUILD.gn`." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md msgid "Build the tests, run them, and verify that the new test works." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "The Rust community offers multiple options for C++/Rust interop, with new " "tools being developed all the time. At the moment, Chromium uses a tool " "called CXX." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "You describe your whole language boundary in an interface definition " "language (which looks a lot like Rust) and then CXX tools generate " "declarations for functions and types in both Rust and C++." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "See the [CXX tutorial](https://cxx.rs/tutorial.html) for a full example of " "using this." msgstr "" "Zobacz [samouczek CXX](https://cxx.rs/tutorial.html), aby zapoznać się z " "pełnym przykładem użycia tego." #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "Talk through the diagram. Explain that behind the scenes, this is doing just " "the same as you previously did. Point out that automating the process has " "the following benefits:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "The tool guarantees that the C++ and Rust sides match (e.g. you get compile " "errors if the `#[cxx::bridge]` doesn't match the actual C++ or Rust " "definitions, but with out-of-sync manual bindings you'd get Undefined " "Behavior)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "The tool automates generation of FFI thunks (small, C-ABI-compatible, free " "functions) for non-C features (e.g. enabling FFI calls into Rust or C++ " "methods; manual bindings would require authoring such top-level, free " "functions manually)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "The tool and the library can handle a set of core types - for example:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "`&[T]` can be passed across the FFI boundary, even though it doesn't " "guarantee any particular ABI or memory layout. With manual bindings `std::" "span` / `&[T]` have to be manually destructured and rebuilt out of a " "pointer and length - this is error-prone given that each language represents " "empty slices slightly differently)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "Smart pointers like `std::unique_ptr`, `std::shared_ptr`, and/or `Box` " "are natively supported. With manual bindings, one would have to pass C-ABI-" "compatible raw pointers, which would increase lifetime and memory-safety " "risks." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "`rust::String` and `CxxString` types understand and maintain differences in " "string representation across the languages (e.g. `rust::String::lossy` can " "build a Rust string from non-UTF8 input and `rust::String::c_str` can NUL-" "terminate a string)." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md msgid "" "CXX requires that the whole C++/Rust boundary is declared in `cxx::bridge` " "modules inside `.rs` source code." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md msgid "\"example/include/blobstore.h\"" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md msgid "// Definitions of Rust types and functions go here\n" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md msgid "Point out:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md msgid "" "Although this looks like a regular Rust `mod`, the `#[cxx::bridge]` " "procedural macro does complex things to it. The generated code is quite a " "bit more sophisticated - though this does still result in a `mod` called " "`ffi` in your code." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md msgid "Native support for C++'s `std::unique_ptr` in Rust" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md #, fuzzy msgid "Native support for Rust slices in C++" msgstr "Wbudowana obsługa testów." #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md msgid "Calls from C++ to Rust, and Rust types (in the top part)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md msgid "Calls from Rust to C++, and C++ types (in the bottom part)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md msgid "" "**Common misconception**: It _looks_ like a C++ header is being parsed by " "Rust, but this is misleading. This header is never interpreted by Rust, but " "simply `#include`d in the generated C++ code for the benefit of C++ " "compilers." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md msgid "" "By far the most useful page when using CXX is the [type reference](https://" "cxx.rs/bindings.html)." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md msgid "CXX fundamentally suits cases where:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md msgid "" "Your Rust-C++ interface is sufficiently simple that you can declare all of " "it." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md msgid "" "You're using only the types natively supported by CXX already, for example " "`std::unique_ptr`, `std::string`, `&[u8]` etc." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md msgid "" "It has many limitations --- for example lack of support for Rust's `Option` " "type." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md msgid "" "These limitations constrain us to using Rust in Chromium only for well " "isolated \"leaf nodes\" rather than for arbitrary Rust-C++ interop. When " "considering a use-case for Rust in Chromium, a good starting point is to " "draft the CXX bindings for the language boundary to see if it appears simple " "enough." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md msgid "" "You should also discuss some of the other sticky points with CXX, for " "example:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md msgid "" "Its error handling is based around C++ exceptions (given on the next slide)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md msgid "Function pointers are awkward to use." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md msgid "" "CXX's [support for `Result`](https://cxx.rs/binding/result.html) relies " "on C++ exceptions, so we can't use that in Chromium. Alternatives:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md msgid "The `T` part of `Result` can be:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md msgid "" "Returned via out parameters (e.g. via `&mut T`). This requires that `T` can " "be passed across the FFI boundary - for example `T` has to be:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md msgid "A primitive type (like `u32` or `usize`)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md msgid "" "A type natively supported by `cxx` (like `UniquePtr`) that has a suitable " "default value to use in a failure case (_unlike_ `Box`)." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md msgid "" "Retained on the Rust side, and exposed via reference. This may be needed " "when `T` is a Rust type, which cannot be passed across the FFI boundary, and " "cannot be stored in `UniquePtr`." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md msgid "The `E` part of `Result` can be:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md msgid "" "Returned as a boolean (e.g. `true` representing success, and `false` " "representing failure)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md msgid "" "Preserving error details is in theory possible, but so far hasn't been " "needed in practice." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md #, fuzzy msgid "CXX Error Handling: QR Example" msgstr "Obsługa błędów" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md msgid "" "The QR code generator is [an example](https://source.chromium.org/chromium/" "chromium/src/+/main:components/qr_code_generator/qr_code_generator_ffi_glue." "rs;l=13-18;drc=7bf1b75b910ca430501b9c6a74c1d18a0223ecca) where a boolean is " "used to communicate success vs failure, and where the successful result can " "be passed across the FFI boundary:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md msgid "\"qr_code_generator\"" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md msgid "" "Students may be curious about the semantics of the `out_qr_size` output. " "This is not the size of the vector, but the size of the QR code (and " "admittedly it is a bit redundant - this is the square root of the size of " "the vector)." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md msgid "" "It may be worth pointing out the importance of initializing `out_qr_size` " "before calling into the Rust function. Creation of a Rust reference that " "points to uninitialized memory results in Undefined Behavior (unlike in C++, " "when only the act of dereferencing such memory results in UB)." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md msgid "" "If students ask about `Pin`, then explain why CXX needs it for mutable " "references to C++ data: the answer is that C++ data can’t be moved around " "like Rust data, because it may contain self-referential pointers." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md #, fuzzy msgid "CXX Error Handling: PNG Example" msgstr "Obsługa błędów" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md msgid "" "A prototype of a PNG decoder illustrates what can be done when the " "successful result cannot be passed across the FFI boundary:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md msgid "\"gfx::rust_bindings\"" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md msgid "" "/// This returns an FFI-friendly equivalent of `Result,\n" " /// ()>`.\n" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md msgid "/// C++ bindings for the `crate::png::ResultOfPngReader` type.\n" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md msgid "/// C++ bindings for the `crate::png::PngReader` type.\n" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md msgid "" "`PngReader` and `ResultOfPngReader` are Rust types --- objects of these " "types cannot cross the FFI boundary without indirection of a `Box`. We " "can't have an `out_parameter: &mut PngReader`, because CXX doesn't allow C++ " "to store Rust objects by value." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md msgid "" "This example illustrates that even though CXX doesn't support arbitrary " "generics nor templates, we can still pass them across the FFI boundary by " "manually specializing / monomorphizing them into a non-generic type. In the " "example `ResultOfPngReader` is a non-generic type that forwards into " "appropriate methods of `Result` (e.g. into `is_err`, `unwrap`, and/or " "`as_mut`)." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md msgid "Using cxx in Chromium" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md msgid "" "In Chromium, we define an independent `#[cxx::bridge] mod` for each leaf-" "node where we want to use Rust. You'd typically have one for each " "`rust_static_library`. Just add" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md msgid "" "```gn\n" "cxx_bindings = [ \"my_rust_file.rs\" ]\n" " # list of files containing #[cxx::bridge], not all source files\n" "allow_unsafe = true\n" "```" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md msgid "" "to your existing `rust_static_library` target alongside `crate_root` and " "`sources`." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md msgid "C++ headers will be generated at a sensible location, so you can just" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md msgid "\"ui/base/my_rust_file.rs.h\"" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md msgid "" "You will find some utility functions in `//base` to convert to/from Chromium " "C++ types to CXX Rust types --- for example [`SpanToRustSlice`](https://" "source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:base/containers/span_rust.h;" "l=21)." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md msgid "Students may ask --- why do we still need `allow_unsafe = true`?" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md msgid "" "The broad answer is that no C/C++ code is \"safe\" by the normal Rust " "standards. Calling back and forth to C/C++ from Rust may do arbitrary things " "to memory, and compromise the safety of Rust's own data layouts. Presence of " "_too many_ `unsafe` keywords in C/C++ interop can harm the signal-to-noise " "ratio of such a keyword, and is [controversial](https://steveklabnik.com/" "writing/the-cxx-debate), but strictly, bringing any foreign code into a Rust " "binary can cause unexpected behavior from Rust's perspective." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md msgid "" "The narrow answer lies in the diagram at the top of [this page](../" "interoperability-with-cpp.md) --- behind the scenes, CXX generates Rust " "`unsafe` and `extern \"C\"` functions just like we did manually in the " "previous section." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md #, fuzzy msgid "Exercise: Interoperability with C++" msgstr "Interoperacyjność z C" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "Part one" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "In the Rust file you previously created, add a `#[cxx::bridge]` which " "specifies a single function, to be called from C++, called " "`hello_from_rust`, taking no parameters and returning no value." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "Modify your previous `hello_from_rust` function to remove `extern \"C\"` and " "`#[no_mangle]`. This is now just a standard Rust function." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "Modify your `gn` target to build these bindings." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "In your C++ code, remove the forward-declaration of `hello_from_rust`. " "Instead, include the generated header file." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "Build and run!" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "Part two" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "It's a good idea to play with CXX a little. It helps you think about how " "flexible Rust in Chromium actually is." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md #, fuzzy msgid "Some things to try:" msgstr "Niektóre uwagi:" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "Call back into C++ from Rust. You will need:" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "An additional header file which you can `include!` from your `cxx::bridge`. " "You'll need to declare your C++ function in that new header file." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "An `unsafe` block to call such a function, or alternatively specify the " "`unsafe` keyword in your `#[cxx::bridge]` [as described here](https://cxx.rs/" "extern-c++.html#functions-and-member-functions)." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "You may also need to `#include \"third_party/rust/cxx/v1/crate/include/cxx." "h\"`" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "Pass a C++ string from C++ into Rust." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "Pass a reference to a C++ object into Rust." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "Intentionally get the Rust function signatures mismatched from the `#[cxx::" "bridge]`, and get used to the errors you see." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "Intentionally get the C++ function signatures mismatched from the `#[cxx::" "bridge]`, and get used to the errors you see." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "Pass a `std::unique_ptr` of some type from C++ into Rust, so that Rust can " "own some C++ object." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "Create a Rust object and pass it into C++, so that C++ owns it. (Hint: you " "need a `Box`)." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "Declare some methods on a C++ type. Call them from Rust." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "Declare some methods on a Rust type. Call them from C++." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "Part three" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "Now you understand the strengths and limitations of CXX interop, think of a " "couple of use-cases for Rust in Chromium where the interface would be " "sufficiently simple. Sketch how you might define that interface." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "The [`cxx` binding reference](https://cxx.rs/bindings.html)" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "The [`rust_static_library` gn template](https://source.chromium.org/chromium/" "chromium/src/+/main:build/rust/rust_static_library.gni;l=16)" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "Some of the questions you may encounter:" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "I'm seeing a problem initializing a variable of type X with type Y, where X " "and Y are both function types. This is because your C++ function doesn't " "quite match the declaration in your `cxx::bridge`." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md msgid "" "I seem to be able to freely convert C++ references into Rust references. " "Doesn't that risk UB? For CXX's _opaque_ types, no, because they are zero-" "sized. For CXX trivial types yes, it's _possible_ to cause UB, although " "CXX's design makes it quite difficult to craft such an example." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md msgid "" "Rust libraries are called \"crates\" and are found at [crates.io](https://" "crates.io). It's _very easy_ for Rust crates to depend upon one another. So " "they do!" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md #, fuzzy msgid "C++ library" msgstr "Biblioteka" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md #, fuzzy msgid "Rust crate" msgstr "Ekosystem Rust" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md #, fuzzy msgid "Build system" msgstr "Ekosystem Rust" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md msgid "Lots" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md msgid "Consistent: `Cargo.toml`" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md msgid "Typical library size" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md msgid "Large-ish" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md msgid "Small" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md msgid "Transitive dependencies" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md msgid "Few" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md msgid "For a Chromium engineer, this has pros and cons:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md msgid "" "All crates use a common build system so we can automate their inclusion into " "Chromium..." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md msgid "" "... but, crates typically have transitive dependencies, so you will likely " "have to bring in multiple libraries." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md msgid "We'll discuss:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md msgid "How to put a crate in the Chromium source code tree" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md msgid "How to make `gn` build rules for it" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md msgid "How to audit its source code for sufficient safety." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-cargo-toml.md msgid "Configuring the `Cargo.toml` file to add crates" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-cargo-toml.md msgid "" "Chromium has a single set of centrally-managed direct crate dependencies. " "These are managed through a single [`Cargo.toml`](https://source.chromium." "org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io/Cargo." "toml):" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-cargo-toml.md msgid "" "```toml\n" "[dependencies]\n" "bitflags = \"1\"\n" "cfg-if = \"1\"\n" "cxx = \"1\"\n" "# lots more...\n" "```" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-cargo-toml.md msgid "" "As with any other `Cargo.toml`, you can specify [more details about the " "dependencies](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/specifying-" "dependencies.html) --- most commonly, you'll want to specify the `features` " "that you wish to enable in the crate." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-cargo-toml.md msgid "" "When adding a crate to Chromium, you'll often need to provide some extra " "information in an additional file, `gnrt_config.toml`, which we'll meet next." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md msgid "" "Alongside `Cargo.toml` is [`gnrt_config.toml`](https://source.chromium.org/" "chromium/chromium/src/+/main:third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io/gnrt_config." "toml). This contains Chromium-specific extensions to crate handling." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md msgid "" "If you add a new crate, you should specify at least the `group`. This is one " "of:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/depending-on-a-crate.md msgid "For instance," msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md msgid "" "Depending on the crate source code layout, you may also need to use this " "file to specify where its `LICENSE` file(s) can be found." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md msgid "" "Later, we'll see some other things you will need to configure in this file " "to resolve problems." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md msgid "" "A tool called `gnrt` knows how to download crates and how to generate `BUILD." "gn` rules." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md msgid "To start, download the crate you want like this:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md msgid "" "Although the `gnrt` tool is part of the Chromium source code, by running " "this command you will be downloading and running its dependencies from " "`crates.io`. See [the earlier section](../cargo.md) discussing this security " "decision." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md msgid "This `vendor` command may download:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md msgid "Your crate" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md msgid "Direct and transitive dependencies" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md msgid "" "New versions of other crates, as required by `cargo` to resolve the complete " "set of crates required by Chromium." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md msgid "" "Chromium maintains patches for some crates, kept in `//third_party/rust/" "chromium_crates_io/patches`. These will be reapplied automatically, but if " "patching fails you may need to take manual action." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md msgid "" "Once you've downloaded the crate, generate the `BUILD.gn` files like this:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md msgid "Now run `git status`. You should find:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md msgid "" "At least one new crate source code in `third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io/" "vendor`" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md msgid "" "At least one new `BUILD.gn` in `third_party/rust//v`" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md msgid "An appropriate `README.chromium`" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The \"major semver version\" is a [Rust \"semver\" version number](https://" "doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/semver.html)." msgstr "" "Zobacz [Odniesienie do Rust](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/type-layout." "html)." #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md msgid "" "Take a close look, especially at the things generated in `third_party/rust`." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md msgid "" "Talk a little about semver --- and specifically the way that in Chromium " "it's to allow multiple incompatible versions of a crate, which is " "discouraged but sometimes necessary in the Cargo ecosystem." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md msgid "" "If your build fails, it may be because of a `build.rs`: programs which do " "arbitrary things at build time. This is fundamentally at odds with the " "design of `gn` and `ninja` which aim for static, deterministic, build rules " "to maximize parallelism and repeatability of builds." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md msgid "" "Some `build.rs` actions are automatically supported; others require action:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md msgid "build script effect" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md msgid "Supported by our gn templates" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md msgid "Work required by you" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md msgid "Checking rustc version to configure features on and off" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md msgid "None" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md msgid "Checking platform or CPU to configure features on and off" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md #, fuzzy msgid "Generating code" msgstr "Generyki" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md msgid "Yes - specify in `gnrt_config.toml`" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md msgid "Building C/C++" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md msgid "Patch around it" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md msgid "Arbitrary other actions" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md msgid "" "Fortunately, most crates don't contain a build script, and fortunately, most " "build scripts only do the top two actions." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-generate-code.md msgid "" "If `ninja` complains about missing files, check the `build.rs` to see if it " "writes source code files." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-generate-code.md msgid "" "If so, modify [`gnrt_config.toml`](../configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md) to " "add `build-script-outputs` to the crate. If this is a transitive dependency, " "that is, one on which Chromium code should not directly depend, also add " "`allow-first-party-usage=false`. There are several examples already in that " "file:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-generate-code.md msgid "" "```toml\n" "[crate.unicode-linebreak]\n" "allow-first-party-usage = false\n" "build-script-outputs = [\"tables.rs\"]\n" "```" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-generate-code.md msgid "" "Now rerun [`gnrt.py -- gen`](../generating-gn-build-rules.md) to regenerate " "`BUILD.gn` files to inform ninja that this particular output file is input " "to subsequent build steps." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-take-arbitrary-actions.md msgid "" "Some crates use the [`cc`](https://crates.io/crates/cc) crate to build and " "link C/C++ libraries. Other crates parse C/C++ using [`bindgen`](https://" "crates.io/crates/bindgen) within their build scripts. These actions can't be " "supported in a Chromium context --- our gn, ninja and LLVM build system is " "very specific in expressing relationships between build actions." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-take-arbitrary-actions.md msgid "So, your options are:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-take-arbitrary-actions.md msgid "Avoid these crates" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-take-arbitrary-actions.md msgid "Apply a patch to the crate." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-take-arbitrary-actions.md msgid "" "Patches should be kept in `third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io/patches/" "` - see for example the [patches against the `cxx` crate](https://" "source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:third_party/rust/" "chromium_crates_io/patches/cxx/) - and will be applied automatically by " "`gnrt` each time it upgrades the crate." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/depending-on-a-crate.md msgid "" "Once you've added a third-party crate and generated build rules, depending " "on a crate is simple. Find your `rust_static_library` target, and add a " "`dep` on the `:lib` target within your crate." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/depending-on-a-crate.md msgid "Specifically," msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/depending-on-a-crate.md msgid "" "```bob\n" " +------------+ +----------------------+\n" "\"//third_party/rust\" | crate name | \"/v\" | major semver version | \":" "lib\"\n" " +------------+ +----------------------+\n" "```" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/depending-on-a-crate.md msgid "" "```gn\n" "rust_static_library(\"my_rust_lib\") {\n" " crate_root = \"lib.rs\"\n" " sources = [ \"lib.rs\" ]\n" " deps = [ \"//third_party/rust/example_rust_crate/v1:lib\" ]\n" "}\n" "```" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md msgid "Auditing Third Party Crates" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md msgid "" "Adding new libraries is subject to Chromium's standard [policies](https://" "chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/refs/heads/main/docs/rust." "md#Third_party-review), but of course also subject to security review. As " "you may be bringing in not just a single crate but also transitive " "dependencies, there may be a lot of code to review. On the other hand, safe " "Rust code can have limited negative side effects. How should you review it?" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md msgid "" "Over time Chromium aims to move to a process based around [cargo vet]" "(https://mozilla.github.io/cargo-vet/)." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md msgid "" "Meanwhile, for each new crate addition, we are checking for the following:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md msgid "" "Understand why each crate is used. What's the relationship between crates? " "If the build system for each crate contains a `build.rs` or procedural " "macros, work out what they're for. Are they compatible with the way Chromium " "is normally built?" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md msgid "Check each crate seems to be reasonably well maintained" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md msgid "" "Use `cd third-party/rust/chromium_crates_io; cargo audit` to check for known " "vulnerabilities (first you'll need to `cargo install cargo-audit`, which " "ironically involves downloading lots of dependencies from the internet[2](../" "cargo.md))" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md msgid "" "Ensure any `unsafe` code is good enough for the [Rule of Two](https://" "chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/main/docs/security/rule-of-2." "md#unsafe-code-in-safe-languages)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md msgid "Check for any use of `fs` or `net` APIs" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md msgid "" "Read all the code at a sufficient level to look for anything out of place " "that might have been maliciously inserted. (You can't realistically aim for " "100% perfection here: there's often just too much code.)" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md msgid "" "These are just guidelines --- work with reviewers from `security@chromium." "org` to work out the right way to become confident of the crate." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md msgid "Checking Crates into Chromium Source Code" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md msgid "`git status` should reveal:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md msgid "Crate code in `//third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io`" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md msgid "" "Metadata (`BUILD.gn` and `README.chromium`) in `//third_party/rust//" "`" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md msgid "Please also add an `OWNERS` file in the latter location." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md msgid "" "You should land all this, along with your `Cargo.toml` and `gnrt_config." "toml` changes, into the Chromium repo." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md msgid "" "**Important**: you need to use `git add -f` because otherwise `.gitignore` " "files may result in some files being skipped." msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md msgid "" "As you do so, you might find presubmit checks fail because of non-inclusive " "language. This is because Rust crate data tends to include names of git " "branches, and many projects still use non-inclusive terminology there. So " "you may need to run:" msgstr "" #: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/keeping-up-to-date.md msgid "" "As the OWNER of any third party Chromium dependency, you are [expected to " "keep it up to date with any security fixes](https://chromium.googlesource." "com/chromium/src/+/main/docs/adding_to_third_party.md#add-owners). It is " "hoped that we will soon automate this for Rust crates, but for now, it's " "still your responsibility just as it is for any other third party dependency." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md msgid "" "Add [uwuify](https://crates.io/crates/uwuify) to Chromium, turning off the " "crate's [default features](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/" "features.html#the-default-feature). Assume that the crate will be used in " "shipping Chromium, but won't be used to handle untrustworthy input." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md msgid "" "(In the next exercise we'll use uwuify from Chromium, but feel free to skip " "ahead and do that now if you like. Or, you could create a new " "[`rust_executable` target](https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/" "+/main:build/rust/rust_executable.gni) which uses `uwuify`)." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md msgid "Students will need to download lots of transitive dependencies." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md msgid "The total crates needed are:" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md msgid "`instant`," msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md msgid "`lock_api`," msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md msgid "`parking_lot`," msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md msgid "`parking_lot_core`," msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md msgid "`redox_syscall`," msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md msgid "`scopeguard`," msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md msgid "`smallvec`, and" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md msgid "`uwuify`." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md msgid "" "If students are downloading even more than that, they probably forgot to " "turn off the default features." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md msgid "" "Thanks to [Daniel Liu](https://github.com/Daniel-Liu-c0deb0t) for this crate!" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "Bringing It Together --- Exercise" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "" "In this exercise, you're going to add a whole new Chromium feature, bringing " "together everything you already learned." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "The Brief from Product Management" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "" "A community of pixies has been discovered living in a remote rainforest. " "It's important that we get Chromium for Pixies delivered to them as soon as " "possible." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "" "The requirement is to translate all Chromium's UI strings into Pixie " "language." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "" "There's not time to wait for proper translations, but fortunately pixie " "language is very close to English, and it turns out there's a Rust crate " "which does the translation." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "" "In fact, you already [imported that crate in the previous exercise](https://" "crates.io/crates/uwuify)." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "" "(Obviously, real translations of Chrome require incredible care and " "diligence. Don't ship this!)" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "Steps" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "" "Modify `ResourceBundle::MaybeMangleLocalizedString` so that it uwuifies all " "strings before display. In this special build of Chromium, it should always " "do this irrespective of the setting of `mangle_localized_strings_`." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "" "If you've done everything right across all these exercises, congratulations, " "you should have created Chrome for pixies!" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "" "UTF16 vs UTF8. Students should be aware that Rust strings are always UTF8, " "and will probably decide that it's better to do the conversion on the C++ " "side using `base::UTF16ToUTF8` and back again." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "" "If students decide to do the conversion on the Rust side, they'll need to " "consider [`String::from_utf16`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/struct." "String.html#method.from_utf16), consider error handling, and consider which " "[CXX supported types can transfer a lot of u16s](https://cxx.rs/binding/" "slice.html)." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "" "Students may design the C++/Rust boundary in several different ways, e.g. " "taking and returning strings by value, or taking a mutable reference to a " "string. If a mutable reference is used, CXX will likely tell the student " "that they need to use [`Pin`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/pin/). You may " "need to explain what `Pin` does, and then explain why CXX needs it for " "mutable references to C++ data: the answer is that C++ data can't be moved " "around like Rust data, because it may contain self-referential pointers." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "" "The C++ target containing `ResourceBundle::MaybeMangleLocalizedString` will " "need to depend on a `rust_static_library` target. The student probably " "already did this." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md msgid "" "The `rust_static_library` target will need to depend on `//third_party/rust/" "uwuify/v0_2:lib`." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/chromium/solutions.md msgid "" "Solutions to the Chromium exercises can be found in [this series of CLs]" "(https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/chromium/src/+/5096560)." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal.md #, fuzzy msgid "Welcome to Bare Metal Rust" msgstr "Witamy w Comprehensive Rust 🦀" #: src/bare-metal.md msgid "" "This is a standalone one-day course about bare-metal Rust, aimed at people " "who are familiar with the basics of Rust (perhaps from completing the " "Comprehensive Rust course), and ideally also have some experience with bare-" "metal programming in some other language such as C." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal.md msgid "" "Today we will talk about 'bare-metal' Rust: running Rust code without an OS " "underneath us. This will be divided into several parts:" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal.md #, fuzzy msgid "What is `no_std` Rust?" msgstr "Co to jest Rust?" #: src/bare-metal.md msgid "Writing firmware for microcontrollers." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal.md msgid "Writing bootloader / kernel code for application processors." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal.md msgid "Some useful crates for bare-metal Rust development." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal.md msgid "" "For the microcontroller part of the course we will use the [BBC micro:bit]" "(https://microbit.org/) v2 as an example. It's a [development board](https://" "tech.microbit.org/hardware/) based on the Nordic nRF51822 microcontroller " "with some LEDs and buttons, an I2C-connected accelerometer and compass, and " "an on-board SWD debugger." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal.md msgid "" "To get started, install some tools we'll need later. On gLinux or Debian:" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal.md msgid "" "And give users in the `plugdev` group access to the micro:bit programmer:" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal.md src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md msgid "On MacOS:" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md msgid "`core`" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md msgid "`std`" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md msgid "Slices, `&str`, `CStr`" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md msgid "`NonZeroU8`..." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Option`, `Result`" msgstr "`Option` i `Result`" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md msgid "`Display`, `Debug`, `write!`..." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md msgid "`panic!`, `assert_eq!`..." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md msgid "`NonNull` and all the usual pointer-related functions" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md msgid "`Future` and `async`/`await`" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md msgid "`fence`, `AtomicBool`, `AtomicPtr`, `AtomicU32`..." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md msgid "`Duration`" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md msgid "`Box`, `Cow`, `Arc`, `Rc`" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md msgid "`Vec`, `BinaryHeap`, `BtreeMap`, `LinkedList`, `VecDeque`" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md msgid "`String`, `CString`, `format!`" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md msgid "`Error`" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md msgid "`Mutex`, `Condvar`, `Barrier`, `Once`, `RwLock`, `mpsc`" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md msgid "`File` and the rest of `fs`" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md msgid "`println!`, `Read`, `Write`, `Stdin`, `Stdout` and the rest of `io`" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md msgid "`Path`, `OsString`" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md msgid "`net`" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md msgid "`Command`, `Child`, `ExitCode`" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md msgid "`spawn`, `sleep` and the rest of `thread`" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md msgid "`SystemTime`, `Instant`" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md msgid "`HashMap` depends on RNG." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/no_std.md msgid "`std` re-exports the contents of both `core` and `alloc`." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/minimal.md msgid "A minimal `no_std` program" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/minimal.md msgid "This will compile to an empty binary." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/minimal.md msgid "`std` provides a panic handler; without it we must provide our own." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/minimal.md msgid "It can also be provided by another crate, such as `panic-halt`." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/minimal.md msgid "" "Depending on the target, you may need to compile with `panic = \"abort\"` to " "avoid an error about `eh_personality`." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/minimal.md msgid "" "Note that there is no `main` or any other entry point; it's up to you to " "define your own entry point. This will typically involve a linker script and " "some assembly code to set things up ready for Rust code to run." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/alloc.md msgid "" "To use `alloc` you must implement a [global (heap) allocator](https://doc." "rust-lang.org/stable/std/alloc/trait.GlobalAlloc.html)." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/alloc.md msgid "" "// Safe because `HEAP` is only used here and `entry` is only called once.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/alloc.md msgid "// Give the allocator some memory to allocate.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/alloc.md msgid "// Now we can do things that require heap allocation.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/alloc.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"A string\"" msgstr "Ciągi bajtów" #: src/bare-metal/alloc.md msgid "" "`buddy_system_allocator` is a third-party crate implementing a basic buddy " "system allocator. Other crates are available, or you can write your own or " "hook into your existing allocator." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/alloc.md msgid "" "The const parameter of `LockedHeap` is the max order of the allocator; i.e. " "in this case it can allocate regions of up to 2\\*\\*32 bytes." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/alloc.md msgid "" "If any crate in your dependency tree depends on `alloc` then you must have " "exactly one global allocator defined in your binary. Usually this is done in " "the top-level binary crate." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/alloc.md msgid "" "`extern crate panic_halt as _` is necessary to ensure that the `panic_halt` " "crate is linked in so we get its panic handler." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/alloc.md msgid "This example will build but not run, as it doesn't have an entry point." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers.md msgid "" "The `cortex_m_rt` crate provides (among other things) a reset handler for " "Cortex M microcontrollers." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers.md msgid "" "Next we'll look at how to access peripherals, with increasing levels of " "abstraction." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers.md msgid "" "The `cortex_m_rt::entry` macro requires that the function have type `fn() -" "> !`, because returning to the reset handler doesn't make sense." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers.md msgid "Run the example with `cargo embed --bin minimal`" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md msgid "" "Most microcontrollers access peripherals via memory-mapped IO. Let's try " "turning on an LED on our micro:bit:" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md msgid "/// GPIO port 0 peripheral address\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md msgid "// GPIO peripheral offsets\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md msgid "// PIN_CNF fields\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md msgid "// Configure GPIO 0 pins 21 and 28 as push-pull outputs.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md msgid "" "// Safe because the pointers are to valid peripheral control registers, and\n" " // no aliases exist.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md msgid "// Set pin 28 low and pin 21 high to turn the LED on.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md msgid "" "GPIO 0 pin 21 is connected to the first column of the LED matrix, and pin 28 " "to the first row." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/board-support.md msgid "Run the example with:" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md msgid "Peripheral Access Crates" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md msgid "" "[`svd2rust`](https://crates.io/crates/svd2rust) generates mostly-safe Rust " "wrappers for memory-mapped peripherals from [CMSIS-SVD](https://www.keil.com/" "pack/doc/CMSIS/SVD/html/index.html) files." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md msgid "" "SVD (System View Description) files are XML files typically provided by " "silicon vendors which describe the memory map of the device." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md msgid "" "They are organised by peripheral, register, field and value, with names, " "descriptions, addresses and so on." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md msgid "" "SVD files are often buggy and incomplete, so there are various projects " "which patch the mistakes, add missing details, and publish the generated " "crates." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md msgid "`cortex-m-rt` provides the vector table, among other things." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md msgid "" "If you `cargo install cargo-binutils` then you can run `cargo objdump --bin " "pac -- -d --no-show-raw-insn` to see the resulting binary." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md msgid "HAL crates" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md msgid "" "[HAL crates](https://github.com/rust-embedded/awesome-embedded-rust#hal-" "implementation-crates) for many microcontrollers provide wrappers around " "various peripherals. These generally implement traits from [`embedded-hal`]" "(https://crates.io/crates/embedded-hal)." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md msgid "// Create HAL wrapper for GPIO port 0.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md msgid "" "`set_low` and `set_high` are methods on the `embedded_hal` `OutputPin` trait." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md msgid "" "HAL crates exist for many Cortex-M and RISC-V devices, including various " "STM32, GD32, nRF, NXP, MSP430, AVR and PIC microcontrollers." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/board-support.md msgid "Board support crates" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/board-support.md msgid "" "Board support crates provide a further level of wrapping for a specific " "board for convenience." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/board-support.md msgid "" "In this case the board support crate is just providing more useful names, " "and a bit of initialisation." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/board-support.md msgid "" "The crate may also include drivers for some on-board devices outside of the " "microcontroller itself." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/board-support.md msgid "`microbit-v2` includes a simple driver for the LED matrix." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md msgid "The type state pattern" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md msgid "// let gpio0_01_again = gpio0.p0_01; // Error, moved.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md msgid "// pin_input.is_high(); // Error, moved.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md msgid "" "Pins don't implement `Copy` or `Clone`, so only one instance of each can " "exist. Once a pin is moved out of the port struct nobody else can take it." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md msgid "" "Changing the configuration of a pin consumes the old pin instance, so you " "can’t keep use the old instance afterwards." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md msgid "" "The type of a value indicates the state that it is in: e.g. in this case, " "the configuration state of a GPIO pin. This encodes the state machine into " "the type system, and ensures that you don't try to use a pin in a certain " "way without properly configuring it first. Illegal state transitions are " "caught at compile time." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md msgid "" "You can call `is_high` on an input pin and `set_high` on an output pin, but " "not vice-versa." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md msgid "Many HAL crates follow this pattern." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md msgid "" "The [`embedded-hal`](https://crates.io/crates/embedded-hal) crate provides a " "number of traits covering common microcontroller peripherals." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md msgid "GPIO" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md msgid "ADC" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md msgid "I2C, SPI, UART, CAN" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md msgid "RNG" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md msgid "Timers" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md msgid "Watchdogs" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md msgid "" "Other crates then implement [drivers](https://github.com/rust-embedded/" "awesome-embedded-rust#driver-crates) in terms of these traits, e.g. an " "accelerometer driver might need an I2C or SPI bus implementation." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md msgid "" "There are implementations for many microcontrollers, as well as other " "platforms such as Linux on Raspberry Pi." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md msgid "" "There is work in progress on an `async` version of `embedded-hal`, but it " "isn't stable yet." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md msgid "" "[probe-rs](https://probe.rs/) is a handy toolset for embedded debugging, " "like OpenOCD but better integrated." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md msgid "" "SWD (Serial Wire Debug) and JTAG via CMSIS-DAP, ST-Link and J-Link probes" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md msgid "GDB stub and Microsoft DAP (Debug Adapter Protocol) server" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md msgid "Cargo integration" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md msgid "" "`cargo-embed` is a cargo subcommand to build and flash binaries, log RTT " "(Real Time Transfers) output and connect GDB. It's configured by an `Embed." "toml` file in your project directory." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md msgid "" "[CMSIS-DAP](https://arm-software.github.io/CMSIS_5/DAP/html/index.html) is " "an Arm standard protocol over USB for an in-circuit debugger to access the " "CoreSight Debug Access Port of various Arm Cortex processors. It's what the " "on-board debugger on the BBC micro:bit uses." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md msgid "" "ST-Link is a range of in-circuit debuggers from ST Microelectronics, J-Link " "is a range from SEGGER." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md msgid "" "The Debug Access Port is usually either a 5-pin JTAG interface or 2-pin " "Serial Wire Debug." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md msgid "" "probe-rs is a library which you can integrate into your own tools if you " "want to." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md msgid "" "The [Microsoft Debug Adapter Protocol](https://microsoft.github.io/debug-" "adapter-protocol/) lets VSCode and other IDEs debug code running on any " "supported microcontroller." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md msgid "cargo-embed is a binary built using the probe-rs library." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md msgid "" "RTT (Real Time Transfers) is a mechanism to transfer data between the debug " "host and the target through a number of ringbuffers." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md msgid "_Embed.toml_:" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md msgid "In one terminal under `src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/examples/`:" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md #, fuzzy msgid "In another terminal in the same directory:" msgstr "W innym terminalu sprawdź, czy usługa działa:" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md msgid "On gLinux or Debian:" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md msgid "In GDB, try running:" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md #: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md #, fuzzy msgid "Other projects" msgstr "Inne zasoby" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md msgid "[RTIC](https://rtic.rs/)" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md msgid "\"Real-Time Interrupt-driven Concurrency\"" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md msgid "" "Shared resource management, message passing, task scheduling, timer queue" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md msgid "[Embassy](https://embassy.dev/)" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md msgid "`async` executors with priorities, timers, networking, USB" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md msgid "[TockOS](https://www.tockos.org/documentation/getting-started)" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md msgid "" "Security-focused RTOS with preemptive scheduling and Memory Protection Unit " "support" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md msgid "[Hubris](https://hubris.oxide.computer/)" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md msgid "" "Microkernel RTOS from Oxide Computer Company with memory protection, " "unprivileged drivers, IPC" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md msgid "[Bindings for FreeRTOS](https://github.com/lobaro/FreeRTOS-rust)" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md msgid "" "Some platforms have `std` implementations, e.g. [esp-idf](https://esp-rs." "github.io/book/overview/using-the-standard-library.html)." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md msgid "RTIC can be considered either an RTOS or a concurrency framework." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md msgid "It doesn't include any HALs." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md msgid "" "It uses the Cortex-M NVIC (Nested Virtual Interrupt Controller) for " "scheduling rather than a proper kernel." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md msgid "Cortex-M only." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md msgid "" "Google uses TockOS on the Haven microcontroller for Titan security keys." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md msgid "" "FreeRTOS is mostly written in C, but there are Rust bindings for writing " "applications." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/morning.md msgid "" "We will read the direction from an I2C compass, and log the readings to a " "serial port." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/morning.md src/exercises/concurrency/morning.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "After looking at the exercises, you can look at the [solutions](solutions-" "morning.md) provided." msgstr "" "Po obejrzeniu ćwiczenia możesz spojrzeć na podane [rozwiązanie](solutions-" "afternoon.md)." #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md msgid "" "We will read the direction from an I2C compass, and log the readings to a " "serial port. If you have time, try displaying it on the LEDs somehow too, or " "use the buttons somehow." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md msgid "Hints:" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md msgid "" "Check the documentation for the [`lsm303agr`](https://docs.rs/lsm303agr/" "latest/lsm303agr/) and [`microbit-v2`](https://docs.rs/microbit-v2/latest/" "microbit/) crates, as well as the [micro:bit hardware](https://tech.microbit." "org/hardware/)." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md msgid "" "The LSM303AGR Inertial Measurement Unit is connected to the internal I2C bus." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md msgid "" "TWI is another name for I2C, so the I2C master peripheral is called TWIM." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md msgid "" "The LSM303AGR driver needs something implementing the `embedded_hal::" "blocking::i2c::WriteRead` trait. The [`microbit::hal::Twim`](https://docs.rs/" "microbit-v2/latest/microbit/hal/struct.Twim.html) struct implements this." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md msgid "" "You have a [`microbit::Board`](https://docs.rs/microbit-v2/latest/microbit/" "struct.Board.html) struct with fields for the various pins and peripherals." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md msgid "" "You can also look at the [nRF52833 datasheet](https://infocenter.nordicsemi." "com/pdf/nRF52833_PS_v1.5.pdf) if you want, but it shouldn't be necessary for " "this exercise." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md msgid "" "Download the [exercise template](../../comprehensive-rust-exercises.zip) and " "look in the `compass` directory for the following files." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #, fuzzy msgid "_src/main.rs_:" msgstr "_hello_rust/src/main.rs_:" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md msgid "// Configure serial port.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md msgid "// Use the system timer as a delay provider.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md msgid "" "// Set up the I2C controller and Inertial Measurement Unit.\n" " // TODO\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"Ready.\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md msgid "" "// Read compass data and log it to the serial port.\n" " // TODO\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "_Cargo.toml_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md msgid "_Embed.toml_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "_.cargo/config.toml_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md msgid "See the serial output on Linux with:" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md msgid "" "Or on Mac OS something like (the device name may be slightly different):" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md msgid "Use Ctrl+A Ctrl+Q to quit picocom." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md #, fuzzy msgid "Bare Metal Rust Morning Exercise" msgstr "Dzień 3 Poranna gimnastyka" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md #, fuzzy msgid "([back to exercise](compass.md))" msgstr "([powrót do ćwiczenia](for-loops.md))" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md msgid "// Set up the I2C controller and Inertial Measurement Unit.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"Setting up IMU...\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md msgid "// Set up display and timer.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md msgid "// Read compass data and log it to the serial port.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"{},{},{}\\t{},{},{}\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md msgid "" "// If button A is pressed, switch to the next mode and briefly blink all " "LEDs\n" " // on.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps.md msgid "Application processors" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps.md msgid "" "So far we've talked about microcontrollers, such as the Arm Cortex-M series. " "Now let's try writing something for Cortex-A. For simplicity we'll just work " "with QEMU's aarch64 ['virt'](https://qemu-project.gitlab.io/qemu/system/arm/" "virt.html) board." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps.md msgid "" "Broadly speaking, microcontrollers don't have an MMU or multiple levels of " "privilege (exception levels on Arm CPUs, rings on x86), while application " "processors do." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps.md msgid "" "QEMU supports emulating various different machines or board models for each " "architecture. The 'virt' board doesn't correspond to any particular real " "hardware, but is designed purely for virtual machines." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md msgid "" "Before we can start running Rust code, we need to do some initialisation." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md msgid "" "```armasm\n" ".section .init.entry, \"ax\"\n" ".global entry\n" "entry:\n" " /*\n" " * Load and apply the memory management configuration, ready to enable " "MMU and\n" " * caches.\n" " */\n" " adrp x30, idmap\n" " msr ttbr0_el1, x30\n" "\n" " mov_i x30, .Lmairval\n" " msr mair_el1, x30\n" "\n" " mov_i x30, .Ltcrval\n" " /* Copy the supported PA range into TCR_EL1.IPS. */\n" " mrs x29, id_aa64mmfr0_el1\n" " bfi x30, x29, #32, #4\n" "\n" " msr tcr_el1, x30\n" "\n" " mov_i x30, .Lsctlrval\n" "\n" " /*\n" " * Ensure everything before this point has completed, then invalidate " "any\n" " * potentially stale local TLB entries before they start being used.\n" " */\n" " isb\n" " tlbi vmalle1\n" " ic iallu\n" " dsb nsh\n" " isb\n" "\n" " /*\n" " * Configure sctlr_el1 to enable MMU and cache and don't proceed until " "this\n" " * has completed.\n" " */\n" " msr sctlr_el1, x30\n" " isb\n" "\n" " /* Disable trapping floating point access in EL1. */\n" " mrs x30, cpacr_el1\n" " orr x30, x30, #(0x3 << 20)\n" " msr cpacr_el1, x30\n" " isb\n" "\n" " /* Zero out the bss section. */\n" " adr_l x29, bss_begin\n" " adr_l x30, bss_end\n" "0: cmp x29, x30\n" " b.hs 1f\n" " stp xzr, xzr, [x29], #16\n" " b 0b\n" "\n" "1: /* Prepare the stack. */\n" " adr_l x30, boot_stack_end\n" " mov sp, x30\n" "\n" " /* Set up exception vector. */\n" " adr x30, vector_table_el1\n" " msr vbar_el1, x30\n" "\n" " /* Call into Rust code. */\n" " bl main\n" "\n" " /* Loop forever waiting for interrupts. */\n" "2: wfi\n" " b 2b\n" "```" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md msgid "" "This is the same as it would be for C: initialising the processor state, " "zeroing the BSS, and setting up the stack pointer." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md msgid "" "The BSS (block starting symbol, for historical reasons) is the part of the " "object file which containing statically allocated variables which are " "initialised to zero. They are omitted from the image, to avoid wasting space " "on zeroes. The compiler assumes that the loader will take care of zeroing " "them." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md msgid "" "The BSS may already be zeroed, depending on how memory is initialised and " "the image is loaded, but we zero it to be sure." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md msgid "" "We need to enable the MMU and cache before reading or writing any memory. If " "we don't:" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md msgid "" "Unaligned accesses will fault. We build the Rust code for the `aarch64-" "unknown-none` target which sets `+strict-align` to prevent the compiler " "generating unaligned accesses, so it should be fine in this case, but this " "is not necessarily the case in general." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md msgid "" "If it were running in a VM, this can lead to cache coherency issues. The " "problem is that the VM is accessing memory directly with the cache disabled, " "while the host has cacheable aliases to the same memory. Even if the host " "doesn't explicitly access the memory, speculative accesses can lead to cache " "fills, and then changes from one or the other will get lost when the cache " "is cleaned or the VM enables the cache. (Cache is keyed by physical address, " "not VA or IPA.)" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md msgid "" "For simplicity, we just use a hardcoded pagetable (see `idmap.S`) which " "identity maps the first 1 GiB of address space for devices, the next 1 GiB " "for DRAM, and another 1 GiB higher up for more devices. This matches the " "memory layout that QEMU uses." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md msgid "" "We also set up the exception vector (`vbar_el1`), which we'll see more about " "later." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md msgid "" "All examples this afternoon assume we will be running at exception level 1 " "(EL1). If you need to run at a different exception level you'll need to " "modify `entry.S` accordingly." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md msgid "Inline assembly" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md msgid "" "Sometimes we need to use assembly to do things that aren't possible with " "Rust code. For example, to make an HVC (hypervisor call) to tell the " "firmware to power off the system:" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md msgid "" "// Safe because this only uses the declared registers and doesn't do\n" " // anything with memory.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md msgid "\"hvc #0\"" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md msgid "\"w0\"" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md msgid "\"w1\"" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md msgid "\"w2\"" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md msgid "\"w3\"" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md msgid "\"w4\"" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md msgid "\"w5\"" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md msgid "\"w6\"" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md msgid "\"w7\"" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md msgid "" "(If you actually want to do this, use the [`smccc`](https://crates.io/crates/" "smccc) crate which has wrappers for all these functions.)" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md msgid "" "PSCI is the Arm Power State Coordination Interface, a standard set of " "functions to manage system and CPU power states, among other things. It is " "implemented by EL3 firmware and hypervisors on many systems." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md msgid "" "The `0 => _` syntax means initialise the register to 0 before running the " "inline assembly code, and ignore its contents afterwards. We need to use " "`inout` rather than `in` because the call could potentially clobber the " "contents of the registers." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md msgid "" "This `main` function needs to be `#[no_mangle]` and `extern \"C\"` because " "it is called from our entry point in `entry.S`." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md msgid "" "`_x0`–`_x3` are the values of registers `x0`–`x3`, which are conventionally " "used by the bootloader to pass things like a pointer to the device tree. " "According to the standard aarch64 calling convention (which is what `extern " "\"C\"` specifies to use), registers `x0`–`x7` are used for the first 8 " "arguments passed to a function, so `entry.S` doesn't need to do anything " "special except make sure it doesn't change these registers." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md msgid "" "Run the example in QEMU with `make qemu_psci` under `src/bare-metal/aps/" "examples`." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md msgid "Volatile memory access for MMIO" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md msgid "Use `pointer::read_volatile` and `pointer::write_volatile`." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md msgid "Never hold a reference." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md msgid "" "`addr_of!` lets you get fields of structs without creating an intermediate " "reference." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md msgid "" "Volatile access: read or write operations may have side-effects, so prevent " "the compiler or hardware from reordering, duplicating or eliding them." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md msgid "" "Usually if you write and then read, e.g. via a mutable reference, the " "compiler may assume that the value read is the same as the value just " "written, and not bother actually reading memory." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md msgid "" "Some existing crates for volatile access to hardware do hold references, but " "this is unsound. Whenever a reference exist, the compiler may choose to " "dereference it." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md msgid "" "Use the `addr_of!` macro to get struct field pointers from a pointer to the " "struct." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md msgid "Let's write a UART driver" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md msgid "" "The QEMU 'virt' machine has a [PL011](https://developer.arm.com/" "documentation/ddi0183/g) UART, so let's write a driver for that." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md msgid "/// Minimal driver for a PL011 UART.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md msgid "" "/// Constructs a new instance of the UART driver for a PL011 device at the\n" " /// given base address.\n" " ///\n" " /// # Safety\n" " ///\n" " /// The given base address must point to the 8 MMIO control registers of " "a\n" " /// PL011 device, which must be mapped into the address space of the " "process\n" " /// as device memory and not have any other aliases.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "/// Writes a single byte to the UART.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "// Wait until there is room in the TX buffer.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md msgid "" "// Safe because we know that the base address points to the control\n" " // registers of a PL011 device which is appropriately mapped.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "// Write to the TX buffer.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "// Wait until the UART is no longer busy.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md msgid "" "Note that `Uart::new` is unsafe while the other methods are safe. This is " "because as long as the caller of `Uart::new` guarantees that its safety " "requirements are met (i.e. that there is only ever one instance of the " "driver for a given UART, and nothing else aliasing its address space), then " "it is always safe to call `write_byte` later because we can assume the " "necessary preconditions." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md msgid "" "We could have done it the other way around (making `new` safe but " "`write_byte` unsafe), but that would be much less convenient to use as every " "place that calls `write_byte` would need to reason about the safety" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md msgid "" "This is a common pattern for writing safe wrappers of unsafe code: moving " "the burden of proof for soundness from a large number of places to a smaller " "number of places." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/uart/traits.md msgid "More traits" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/uart/traits.md msgid "" "We derived the `Debug` trait. It would be useful to implement a few more " "traits too." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/uart/traits.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "" "// Safe because it just contains a pointer to device memory, which can be\n" "// accessed from any context.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/uart/traits.md msgid "" "Implementing `Write` lets us use the `write!` and `writeln!` macros with our " "`Uart` type." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/uart/traits.md msgid "" "Run the example in QEMU with `make qemu_minimal` under `src/bare-metal/aps/" "examples`." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "A better UART driver" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "" "The PL011 actually has [a bunch more registers](https://developer.arm.com/" "documentation/ddi0183/g/programmers-model/summary-of-registers), and adding " "offsets to construct pointers to access them is error-prone and hard to " "read. Plus, some of them are bit fields which would be nice to access in a " "structured way." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "Offset" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "Register name" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "Width" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "0x00" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "DR" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "12" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "0x04" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "RSR" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "0x18" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "FR" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "9" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "0x20" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "ILPR" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "0x24" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "IBRD" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "16" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "0x28" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "FBRD" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "0x2c" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "LCR_H" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "0x30" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "CR" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "0x34" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "IFLS" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "0x38" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "IMSC" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "11" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "0x3c" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "RIS" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "0x40" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "MIS" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "0x44" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "ICR" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "0x48" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "DMACR" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md msgid "There are also some ID registers which have been omitted for brevity." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md msgid "" "The [`bitflags`](https://crates.io/crates/bitflags) crate is useful for " "working with bitflags." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "/// Flags from the UART flag register.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "/// Clear to send.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "/// Data set ready.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "/// Data carrier detect.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "/// UART busy transmitting data.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "/// Receive FIFO is empty.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "/// Transmit FIFO is full.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "/// Receive FIFO is full.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "/// Transmit FIFO is empty.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "/// Ring indicator.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md msgid "" "The `bitflags!` macro creates a newtype something like `Flags(u16)`, along " "with a bunch of method implementations to get and set flags." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/registers.md msgid "Multiple registers" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/registers.md msgid "" "We can use a struct to represent the memory layout of the UART's registers." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/registers.md msgid "" "[`#[repr(C)]`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/type-layout.html#the-c-" "representation) tells the compiler to lay the struct fields out in order, " "following the same rules as C. This is necessary for our struct to have a " "predictable layout, as default Rust representation allows the compiler to " "(among other things) reorder fields however it sees fit." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md msgid "Now let's use the new `Registers` struct in our driver." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md msgid "/// Driver for a PL011 UART.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "" "// Safe because we know that self.registers points to the control\n" " // registers of a PL011 device which is appropriately mapped.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "" "/// Reads and returns a pending byte, or `None` if nothing has been\n" " /// received.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "// TODO: Check for error conditions in bits 8-11.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md msgid "" "Note the use of `addr_of!` / `addr_of_mut!` to get pointers to individual " "fields without creating an intermediate reference, which would be unsound." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md #, fuzzy msgid "Using it" msgstr "Korzystanie z Cargo" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md msgid "" "Let's write a small program using our driver to write to the serial console, " "and echo incoming bytes." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "/// Base address of the primary PL011 UART.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "" "// Safe because `PL011_BASE_ADDRESS` is the base address of a PL011 device,\n" " // and nothing else accesses that address range.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md msgid "\"main({x0:#x}, {x1:#x}, {x2:#x}, {x3:#x})\"" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md msgid "b'\\r'" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md msgid "b'\\n'" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md msgid "b'q'" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md msgid "\"Bye!\"" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md msgid "" "As in the [inline assembly](../inline-assembly.md) example, this `main` " "function is called from our entry point code in `entry.S`. See the speaker " "notes there for details." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md msgid "" "Run the example in QEMU with `make qemu` under `src/bare-metal/aps/examples`." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/logging.md msgid "" "It would be nice to be able to use the logging macros from the [`log`]" "(https://crates.io/crates/log) crate. We can do this by implementing the " "`Log` trait." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/logging.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "\"[{}] {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/logging.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "/// Initialises UART logger.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/logging.md msgid "" "The unwrap in `log` is safe because we initialise `LOGGER` before calling " "`set_logger`." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md msgid "We need to initialise the logger before we use it." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"{info}\"" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md msgid "Note that our panic handler can now log details of panics." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md msgid "" "Run the example in QEMU with `make qemu_logger` under `src/bare-metal/aps/" "examples`." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/exceptions.md msgid "" "AArch64 defines an exception vector table with 16 entries, for 4 types of " "exceptions (synchronous, IRQ, FIQ, SError) from 4 states (current EL with " "SP0, current EL with SPx, lower EL using AArch64, lower EL using AArch32). " "We implement this in assembly to save volatile registers to the stack before " "calling into Rust code:" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/exceptions.md msgid "EL is exception level; all our examples this afternoon run in EL1." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/exceptions.md msgid "" "For simplicity we aren't distinguishing between SP0 and SPx for the current " "EL exceptions, or between AArch32 and AArch64 for the lower EL exceptions." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/exceptions.md msgid "" "For this example we just log the exception and power down, as we don't " "expect any of them to actually happen." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/exceptions.md msgid "" "We can think of exception handlers and our main execution context more or " "less like different threads. [`Send` and `Sync`](../../concurrency/send-sync." "md) will control what we can share between them, just like with threads. For " "example, if we want to share some value between exception handlers and the " "rest of the program, and it's `Send` but not `Sync`, then we'll need to wrap " "it in something like a `Mutex` and put it in a static." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md msgid "[oreboot](https://github.com/oreboot/oreboot)" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md msgid "\"coreboot without the C\"" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md msgid "Supports x86, aarch64 and RISC-V." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md msgid "Relies on LinuxBoot rather than having many drivers itself." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md msgid "" "[Rust RaspberryPi OS tutorial](https://github.com/rust-embedded/rust-" "raspberrypi-OS-tutorials)" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md msgid "" "Initialisation, UART driver, simple bootloader, JTAG, exception levels, " "exception handling, page tables" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md msgid "" "Some dodginess around cache maintenance and initialisation in Rust, not " "necessarily a good example to copy for production code." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md msgid "[`cargo-call-stack`](https://crates.io/crates/cargo-call-stack)" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md msgid "Static analysis to determine maximum stack usage." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md msgid "" "The RaspberryPi OS tutorial runs Rust code before the MMU and caches are " "enabled. This will read and write memory (e.g. the stack). However:" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md msgid "" "Without the MMU and cache, unaligned accesses will fault. It builds with " "`aarch64-unknown-none` which sets `+strict-align` to prevent the compiler " "generating unaligned accesses so it should be alright, but this is not " "necessarily the case in general." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md msgid "" "If it were running in a VM, this can lead to cache coherency issues. The " "problem is that the VM is accessing memory directly with the cache disabled, " "while the host has cacheable aliases to the same memory. Even if the host " "doesn't explicitly access the memory, speculative accesses can lead to cache " "fills, and then changes from one or the other will get lost. Again this is " "alright in this particular case (running directly on the hardware with no " "hypervisor), but isn't a good pattern in general." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates.md msgid "Useful crates" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates.md msgid "" "We'll go over a few crates which solve some common problems in bare-metal " "programming." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md msgid "" "The [`zerocopy`](https://docs.rs/zerocopy/) crate (from Fuchsia) provides " "traits and macros for safely converting between byte sequences and other " "types." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md msgid "" "This is not suitable for MMIO (as it doesn't use volatile reads and writes), " "but can be useful for working with structures shared with hardware e.g. by " "DMA, or sent over some external interface." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md msgid "" "`FromBytes` can be implemented for types for which any byte pattern is " "valid, and so can safely be converted from an untrusted sequence of bytes." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md msgid "" "Attempting to derive `FromBytes` for these types would fail, because " "`RequestType` doesn't use all possible u32 values as discriminants, so not " "all byte patterns are valid." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md msgid "" "`zerocopy::byteorder` has types for byte-order aware numeric primitives." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md msgid "" "Run the example with `cargo run` under `src/bare-metal/useful-crates/" "zerocopy-example/`. (It won't run in the Playground because of the crate " "dependency.)" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md msgid "" "The [`aarch64-paging`](https://crates.io/crates/aarch64-paging) crate lets " "you create page tables according to the AArch64 Virtual Memory System " "Architecture." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md msgid "// Create a new page table with identity mapping.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md msgid "// Map a 2 MiB region of memory as read-only.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md msgid "// Set `TTBR0_EL1` to activate the page table.\n" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md msgid "" "For now it only supports EL1, but support for other exception levels should " "be straightforward to add." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "This is used in Android for the [Protected VM Firmware](https://cs.android." "com/android/platform/superproject/+/master:packages/modules/Virtualization/" "pvmfw/)." msgstr "" "`libtextwrap`, która jest już sprzedawaną skrzynką [`zewnętrzne/rdza/" "skrzynie/`](https://cs.android.com/android/platform/superproject/+/master:" "external/rust/crates/)." #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md msgid "" "There's no easy way to run this example, as it needs to run on real hardware " "or under QEMU." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/buddy_system_allocator.md msgid "" "[`buddy_system_allocator`](https://crates.io/crates/buddy_system_allocator) " "is a third-party crate implementing a basic buddy system allocator. It can " "be used both for [`LockedHeap`](https://docs.rs/buddy_system_allocator/0.9.0/" "buddy_system_allocator/struct.LockedHeap.html) implementing [`GlobalAlloc`]" "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/core/alloc/trait.GlobalAlloc.html) so you can use " "the standard `alloc` crate (as we saw [before](../alloc.md)), or for " "allocating other address space. For example, we might want to allocate MMIO " "space for PCI BARs:" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/buddy_system_allocator.md msgid "PCI BARs always have alignment equal to their size." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/buddy_system_allocator.md msgid "" "Run the example with `cargo run` under `src/bare-metal/useful-crates/" "allocator-example/`. (It won't run in the Playground because of the crate " "dependency.)" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/tinyvec.md msgid "" "Sometimes you want something which can be resized like a `Vec`, but without " "heap allocation. [`tinyvec`](https://crates.io/crates/tinyvec) provides " "this: a vector backed by an array or slice, which could be statically " "allocated or on the stack, which keeps track of how many elements are used " "and panics if you try to use more than are allocated." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/tinyvec.md msgid "" "`tinyvec` requires that the element type implement `Default` for " "initialisation." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/tinyvec.md msgid "" "The Rust Playground includes `tinyvec`, so this example will run fine inline." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md msgid "" "`std::sync::Mutex` and the other synchronisation primitives from `std::sync` " "are not available in `core` or `alloc`. How can we manage synchronisation or " "interior mutability, such as for sharing state between different CPUs?" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md msgid "" "The [`spin`](https://crates.io/crates/spin) crate provides spinlock-based " "equivalents of many of these primitives." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md msgid "Be careful to avoid deadlock if you take locks in interrupt handlers." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md msgid "" "`spin` also has a ticket lock mutex implementation; equivalents of `RwLock`, " "`Barrier` and `Once` from `std::sync`; and `Lazy` for lazy initialisation." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md msgid "" "The [`once_cell`](https://crates.io/crates/once_cell) crate also has some " "useful types for late initialisation with a slightly different approach to " "`spin::once::Once`." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md msgid "" "The Rust Playground includes `spin`, so this example will run fine inline." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/android.md msgid "" "To build a bare-metal Rust binary in AOSP, you need to use a " "`rust_ffi_static` Soong rule to build your Rust code, then a `cc_binary` " "with a linker script to produce the binary itself, and then a `raw_binary` " "to convert the ELF to a raw binary ready to be run." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/android/vmbase.md msgid "vmbase" msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/android/vmbase.md msgid "" "For VMs running under crosvm on aarch64, the [vmbase](https://android." "googlesource.com/platform/packages/modules/Virtualization/+/refs/heads/" "master/vmbase/) library provides a linker script and useful defaults for the " "build rules, along with an entry point, UART console logging and more." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/android/vmbase.md msgid "" "The `main!` macro marks your main function, to be called from the `vmbase` " "entry point." msgstr "" #: src/bare-metal/android/vmbase.md msgid "" "The `vmbase` entry point handles console initialisation, and issues a " "PSCI_SYSTEM_OFF to shutdown the VM if your main function returns." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/afternoon.md msgid "We will write a driver for the PL031 real-time clock device." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/afternoon.md src/exercises/concurrency/afternoon.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "After looking at the exercises, you can look at the [solutions](solutions-" "afternoon.md) provided." msgstr "" "Po obejrzeniu ćwiczenia możesz spojrzeć na podane [rozwiązanie](solutions-" "afternoon.md)." #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "RTC driver" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "" "The QEMU aarch64 virt machine has a [PL031](https://developer.arm.com/" "documentation/ddi0224/c) real-time clock at 0x9010000. For this exercise, " "you should write a driver for it." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "" "Use it to print the current time to the serial console. You can use the " "[`chrono`](https://crates.io/crates/chrono) crate for date/time formatting." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "" "Use the match register and raw interrupt status to busy-wait until a given " "time, e.g. 3 seconds in the future. (Call [`core::hint::spin_loop`](https://" "doc.rust-lang.org/core/hint/fn.spin_loop.html) inside the loop.)" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "" "_Extension if you have time:_ Enable and handle the interrupt generated by " "the RTC match. You can use the driver provided in the [`arm-gic`](https://" "docs.rs/arm-gic/) crate to configure the Arm Generic Interrupt Controller." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "Use the RTC interrupt, which is wired to the GIC as `IntId::spi(2)`." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "" "Once the interrupt is enabled, you can put the core to sleep via `arm_gic::" "wfi()`, which will cause the core to sleep until it receives an interrupt." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "" "Download the [exercise template](../../comprehensive-rust-exercises.zip) and " "look in the `rtc` directory for the following files." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "/// Base addresses of the GICv3.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"main({:#x}, {:#x}, {:#x}, {:#x})\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "" "// Safe because `GICD_BASE_ADDRESS` and `GICR_BASE_ADDRESS` are the base\n" " // addresses of a GICv3 distributor and redistributor respectively, and\n" " // nothing else accesses those address ranges.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "// TODO: Create instance of RTC driver and print current time.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "// TODO: Wait for 3 seconds.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "" "_src/exceptions.rs_ (you should only need to change this for the 3rd part of " "the exercise):" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "" "// Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" "//\n" "// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n" "// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n" "// You may obtain a copy of the License at\n" "//\n" "// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" "//\n" "// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n" "// distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n" "// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n" "// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n" "// limitations under the License.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "\"sync_exception_current\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "\"irq_current\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "\"No pending interrupt\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "\"IRQ {intid:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "\"fiq_current\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "\"serr_current\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "\"sync_lower\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "\"irq_lower\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "\"fiq_lower\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "\"serr_lower\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "_src/logger.rs_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #, fuzzy msgid "// ANCHOR: main\n" msgstr "// ANCHOR_END: setup" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "_src/pl011.rs_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #, fuzzy msgid "// ANCHOR: Flags\n" msgstr "// ANCHOR_END: setup" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #, fuzzy msgid "// ANCHOR_END: Flags\n" msgstr "// ANCHOR_END: setup" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "" "/// Flags from the UART Receive Status Register / Error Clear Register.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "/// Framing error.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "/// Parity error.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "/// Break error.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "/// Overrun error.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #, fuzzy msgid "// ANCHOR: Registers\n" msgstr "// ANCHOR_END: setup" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #, fuzzy msgid "// ANCHOR_END: Registers\n" msgstr "// ANCHOR_END: setup" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "" "// ANCHOR: Uart\n" "/// Driver for a PL011 UART.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "" "/// Constructs a new instance of the UART driver for a PL011 device at the\n" " /// given base address.\n" " ///\n" " /// # Safety\n" " ///\n" " /// The given base address must point to the MMIO control registers of " "a\n" " /// PL011 device, which must be mapped into the address space of the " "process\n" " /// as device memory and not have any other aliases.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #, fuzzy msgid "// ANCHOR_END: Uart\n" msgstr "// ANCHOR_END: setup" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "_build.rs_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "\"linux\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "\"CROSS_COMPILE\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "\"aarch64-linux-gnu\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "\"aarch64-none-elf\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "\"entry.S\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md #, fuzzy msgid "\"exceptions.S\"" msgstr "Funkcje" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "\"idmap.S\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "\"empty\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "_entry.S_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "" "```armasm\n" "/*\n" " * Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" " *\n" " * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n" " * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n" " * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n" " *\n" " * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" " *\n" " * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n" " * distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n" " * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n" " * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n" " * limitations under the License.\n" " */\n" "\n" ".macro adr_l, reg:req, sym:req\n" "\tadrp \\reg, \\sym\n" "\tadd \\reg, \\reg, :lo12:\\sym\n" ".endm\n" "\n" ".macro mov_i, reg:req, imm:req\n" "\tmovz \\reg, :abs_g3:\\imm\n" "\tmovk \\reg, :abs_g2_nc:\\imm\n" "\tmovk \\reg, :abs_g1_nc:\\imm\n" "\tmovk \\reg, :abs_g0_nc:\\imm\n" ".endm\n" "\n" ".set .L_MAIR_DEV_nGnRE,\t0x04\n" ".set .L_MAIR_MEM_WBWA,\t0xff\n" ".set .Lmairval, .L_MAIR_DEV_nGnRE | (.L_MAIR_MEM_WBWA << 8)\n" "\n" "/* 4 KiB granule size for TTBR0_EL1. */\n" ".set .L_TCR_TG0_4KB, 0x0 << 14\n" "/* 4 KiB granule size for TTBR1_EL1. */\n" ".set .L_TCR_TG1_4KB, 0x2 << 30\n" "/* Disable translation table walk for TTBR1_EL1, generating a translation " "fault instead. */\n" ".set .L_TCR_EPD1, 0x1 << 23\n" "/* Translation table walks for TTBR0_EL1 are inner sharable. */\n" ".set .L_TCR_SH_INNER, 0x3 << 12\n" "/*\n" " * Translation table walks for TTBR0_EL1 are outer write-back read-allocate " "write-allocate\n" " * cacheable.\n" " */\n" ".set .L_TCR_RGN_OWB, 0x1 << 10\n" "/*\n" " * Translation table walks for TTBR0_EL1 are inner write-back read-allocate " "write-allocate\n" " * cacheable.\n" " */\n" ".set .L_TCR_RGN_IWB, 0x1 << 8\n" "/* Size offset for TTBR0_EL1 is 2**39 bytes (512 GiB). */\n" ".set .L_TCR_T0SZ_512, 64 - 39\n" ".set .Ltcrval, .L_TCR_TG0_4KB | .L_TCR_TG1_4KB | .L_TCR_EPD1 | ." "L_TCR_RGN_OWB\n" ".set .Ltcrval, .Ltcrval | .L_TCR_RGN_IWB | .L_TCR_SH_INNER | ." "L_TCR_T0SZ_512\n" "\n" "/* Stage 1 instruction access cacheability is unaffected. */\n" ".set .L_SCTLR_ELx_I, 0x1 << 12\n" "/* SP alignment fault if SP is not aligned to a 16 byte boundary. */\n" ".set .L_SCTLR_ELx_SA, 0x1 << 3\n" "/* Stage 1 data access cacheability is unaffected. */\n" ".set .L_SCTLR_ELx_C, 0x1 << 2\n" "/* EL0 and EL1 stage 1 MMU enabled. */\n" ".set .L_SCTLR_ELx_M, 0x1 << 0\n" "/* Privileged Access Never is unchanged on taking an exception to EL1. */\n" ".set .L_SCTLR_EL1_SPAN, 0x1 << 23\n" "/* SETEND instruction disabled at EL0 in aarch32 mode. */\n" ".set .L_SCTLR_EL1_SED, 0x1 << 8\n" "/* Various IT instructions are disabled at EL0 in aarch32 mode. */\n" ".set .L_SCTLR_EL1_ITD, 0x1 << 7\n" ".set .L_SCTLR_EL1_RES1, (0x1 << 11) | (0x1 << 20) | (0x1 << 22) | (0x1 << " "28) | (0x1 << 29)\n" ".set .Lsctlrval, .L_SCTLR_ELx_M | .L_SCTLR_ELx_C | .L_SCTLR_ELx_SA | ." "L_SCTLR_EL1_ITD | .L_SCTLR_EL1_SED\n" ".set .Lsctlrval, .Lsctlrval | .L_SCTLR_ELx_I | .L_SCTLR_EL1_SPAN | ." "L_SCTLR_EL1_RES1\n" "\n" "/**\n" " * This is a generic entry point for an image. It carries out the operations " "required to prepare the\n" " * loaded image to be run. Specifically, it zeroes the bss section using " "registers x25 and above,\n" " * prepares the stack, enables floating point, and sets up the exception " "vector. It preserves x0-x3\n" " * for the Rust entry point, as these may contain boot parameters.\n" " */\n" ".section .init.entry, \"ax\"\n" ".global entry\n" "entry:\n" "\t/* Load and apply the memory management configuration, ready to enable MMU " "and caches. */\n" "\tadrp x30, idmap\n" "\tmsr ttbr0_el1, x30\n" "\n" "\tmov_i x30, .Lmairval\n" "\tmsr mair_el1, x30\n" "\n" "\tmov_i x30, .Ltcrval\n" "\t/* Copy the supported PA range into TCR_EL1.IPS. */\n" "\tmrs x29, id_aa64mmfr0_el1\n" "\tbfi x30, x29, #32, #4\n" "\n" "\tmsr tcr_el1, x30\n" "\n" "\tmov_i x30, .Lsctlrval\n" "\n" "\t/*\n" "\t * Ensure everything before this point has completed, then invalidate any " "potentially stale\n" "\t * local TLB entries before they start being used.\n" "\t */\n" "\tisb\n" "\ttlbi vmalle1\n" "\tic iallu\n" "\tdsb nsh\n" "\tisb\n" "\n" "\t/*\n" "\t * Configure sctlr_el1 to enable MMU and cache and don't proceed until " "this has completed.\n" "\t */\n" "\tmsr sctlr_el1, x30\n" "\tisb\n" "\n" "\t/* Disable trapping floating point access in EL1. */\n" "\tmrs x30, cpacr_el1\n" "\torr x30, x30, #(0x3 << 20)\n" "\tmsr cpacr_el1, x30\n" "\tisb\n" "\n" "\t/* Zero out the bss section. */\n" "\tadr_l x29, bss_begin\n" "\tadr_l x30, bss_end\n" "0:\tcmp x29, x30\n" "\tb.hs 1f\n" "\tstp xzr, xzr, [x29], #16\n" "\tb 0b\n" "\n" "1:\t/* Prepare the stack. */\n" "\tadr_l x30, boot_stack_end\n" "\tmov sp, x30\n" "\n" "\t/* Set up exception vector. */\n" "\tadr x30, vector_table_el1\n" "\tmsr vbar_el1, x30\n" "\n" "\t/* Call into Rust code. */\n" "\tbl main\n" "\n" "\t/* Loop forever waiting for interrupts. */\n" "2:\twfi\n" "\tb 2b\n" "```" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "_exceptions.S_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "" "```armasm\n" "/*\n" " * Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" " *\n" " * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n" " * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n" " * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n" " *\n" " * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" " *\n" " * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n" " * distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n" " * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n" " * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n" " * limitations under the License.\n" " */\n" "\n" "/**\n" " * Saves the volatile registers onto the stack. This currently takes 14\n" " * instructions, so it can be used in exception handlers with 18 " "instructions\n" " * left.\n" " *\n" " * On return, x0 and x1 are initialised to elr_el2 and spsr_el2 " "respectively,\n" " * which can be used as the first and second arguments of a subsequent " "call.\n" " */\n" ".macro save_volatile_to_stack\n" "\t/* Reserve stack space and save registers x0-x18, x29 & x30. */\n" "\tstp x0, x1, [sp, #-(8 * 24)]!\n" "\tstp x2, x3, [sp, #8 * 2]\n" "\tstp x4, x5, [sp, #8 * 4]\n" "\tstp x6, x7, [sp, #8 * 6]\n" "\tstp x8, x9, [sp, #8 * 8]\n" "\tstp x10, x11, [sp, #8 * 10]\n" "\tstp x12, x13, [sp, #8 * 12]\n" "\tstp x14, x15, [sp, #8 * 14]\n" "\tstp x16, x17, [sp, #8 * 16]\n" "\tstr x18, [sp, #8 * 18]\n" "\tstp x29, x30, [sp, #8 * 20]\n" "\n" "\t/*\n" "\t * Save elr_el1 & spsr_el1. This such that we can take nested exception\n" "\t * and still be able to unwind.\n" "\t */\n" "\tmrs x0, elr_el1\n" "\tmrs x1, spsr_el1\n" "\tstp x0, x1, [sp, #8 * 22]\n" ".endm\n" "\n" "/**\n" " * Restores the volatile registers from the stack. This currently takes 14\n" " * instructions, so it can be used in exception handlers while still leaving " "18\n" " * instructions left; if paired with save_volatile_to_stack, there are 4\n" " * instructions to spare.\n" " */\n" ".macro restore_volatile_from_stack\n" "\t/* Restore registers x2-x18, x29 & x30. */\n" "\tldp x2, x3, [sp, #8 * 2]\n" "\tldp x4, x5, [sp, #8 * 4]\n" "\tldp x6, x7, [sp, #8 * 6]\n" "\tldp x8, x9, [sp, #8 * 8]\n" "\tldp x10, x11, [sp, #8 * 10]\n" "\tldp x12, x13, [sp, #8 * 12]\n" "\tldp x14, x15, [sp, #8 * 14]\n" "\tldp x16, x17, [sp, #8 * 16]\n" "\tldr x18, [sp, #8 * 18]\n" "\tldp x29, x30, [sp, #8 * 20]\n" "\n" "\t/* Restore registers elr_el1 & spsr_el1, using x0 & x1 as scratch. */\n" "\tldp x0, x1, [sp, #8 * 22]\n" "\tmsr elr_el1, x0\n" "\tmsr spsr_el1, x1\n" "\n" "\t/* Restore x0 & x1, and release stack space. */\n" "\tldp x0, x1, [sp], #8 * 24\n" ".endm\n" "\n" "/**\n" " * This is a generic handler for exceptions taken at the current EL while " "using\n" " * SP0. It behaves similarly to the SPx case by first switching to SPx, " "doing\n" " * the work, then switching back to SP0 before returning.\n" " *\n" " * Switching to SPx and calling the Rust handler takes 16 instructions. To\n" " * restore and return we need an additional 16 instructions, so we can " "implement\n" " * the whole handler within the allotted 32 instructions.\n" " */\n" ".macro current_exception_sp0 handler:req\n" "\tmsr spsel, #1\n" "\tsave_volatile_to_stack\n" "\tbl \\handler\n" "\trestore_volatile_from_stack\n" "\tmsr spsel, #0\n" "\teret\n" ".endm\n" "\n" "/**\n" " * This is a generic handler for exceptions taken at the current EL while " "using\n" " * SPx. It saves volatile registers, calls the Rust handler, restores " "volatile\n" " * registers, then returns.\n" " *\n" " * This also works for exceptions taken from EL0, if we don't care about\n" " * non-volatile registers.\n" " *\n" " * Saving state and jumping to the Rust handler takes 15 instructions, and\n" " * restoring and returning also takes 15 instructions, so we can fit the " "whole\n" " * handler in 30 instructions, under the limit of 32.\n" " */\n" ".macro current_exception_spx handler:req\n" "\tsave_volatile_to_stack\n" "\tbl \\handler\n" "\trestore_volatile_from_stack\n" "\teret\n" ".endm\n" "\n" ".section .text.vector_table_el1, \"ax\"\n" ".global vector_table_el1\n" ".balign 0x800\n" "vector_table_el1:\n" "sync_cur_sp0:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_sp0 sync_exception_current\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "irq_cur_sp0:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_sp0 irq_current\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "fiq_cur_sp0:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_sp0 fiq_current\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "serr_cur_sp0:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_sp0 serr_current\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "sync_cur_spx:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_spx sync_exception_current\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "irq_cur_spx:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_spx irq_current\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "fiq_cur_spx:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_spx fiq_current\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "serr_cur_spx:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_spx serr_current\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "sync_lower_64:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_spx sync_lower\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "irq_lower_64:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_spx irq_lower\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "fiq_lower_64:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_spx fiq_lower\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "serr_lower_64:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_spx serr_lower\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "sync_lower_32:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_spx sync_lower\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "irq_lower_32:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_spx irq_lower\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "fiq_lower_32:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_spx fiq_lower\n" "\n" ".balign 0x80\n" "serr_lower_32:\n" "\tcurrent_exception_spx serr_lower\n" "```" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "_idmap.S_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "" "```armasm\n" "/*\n" " * Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" " *\n" " * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n" " * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n" " * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n" " *\n" " * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" " *\n" " * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n" " * distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n" " * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n" " * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n" " * limitations under the License.\n" " */\n" "\n" ".set .L_TT_TYPE_BLOCK, 0x1\n" ".set .L_TT_TYPE_PAGE, 0x3\n" ".set .L_TT_TYPE_TABLE, 0x3\n" "\n" "/* Access flag. */\n" ".set .L_TT_AF, 0x1 << 10\n" "/* Not global. */\n" ".set .L_TT_NG, 0x1 << 11\n" ".set .L_TT_XN, 0x3 << 53\n" "\n" ".set .L_TT_MT_DEV, 0x0 << 2\t\t\t// MAIR #0 (DEV_nGnRE)\n" ".set .L_TT_MT_MEM, (0x1 << 2) | (0x3 << 8)\t// MAIR #1 (MEM_WBWA), inner " "shareable\n" "\n" ".set .L_BLOCK_DEV, .L_TT_TYPE_BLOCK | .L_TT_MT_DEV | .L_TT_AF | .L_TT_XN\n" ".set .L_BLOCK_MEM, .L_TT_TYPE_BLOCK | .L_TT_MT_MEM | .L_TT_AF | .L_TT_NG\n" "\n" ".section \".rodata.idmap\", \"a\", %progbits\n" ".global idmap\n" ".align 12\n" "idmap:\n" "\t/* level 1 */\n" "\t.quad\t\t.L_BLOCK_DEV | 0x0\t\t // 1 GiB of device mappings\n" "\t.quad\t\t.L_BLOCK_MEM | 0x40000000\t// 1 GiB of DRAM\n" "\t.fill\t\t254, 8, 0x0\t\t\t// 254 GiB of unmapped VA space\n" "\t.quad\t\t.L_BLOCK_DEV | 0x4000000000 // 1 GiB of device mappings\n" "\t.fill\t\t255, 8, 0x0\t\t\t// 255 GiB of remaining VA space\n" "```" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "_image.ld_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "" "```ld\n" "/*\n" " * Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n" " *\n" " * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n" " * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n" " * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n" " *\n" " * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" " *\n" " * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n" " * distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n" " * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n" " * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n" " * limitations under the License.\n" " */\n" "\n" "/*\n" " * Code will start running at this symbol which is placed at the start of " "the\n" " * image.\n" " */\n" "ENTRY(entry)\n" "\n" "MEMORY\n" "{\n" "\timage : ORIGIN = 0x40080000, LENGTH = 2M\n" "}\n" "\n" "SECTIONS\n" "{\n" "\t/*\n" "\t * Collect together the code.\n" "\t */\n" "\t.init : ALIGN(4096) {\n" "\t\ttext_begin = .;\n" "\t\t*(.init.entry)\n" "\t\t*(.init.*)\n" "\t} >image\n" "\t.text : {\n" "\t\t*(.text.*)\n" "\t} >image\n" "\ttext_end = .;\n" "\n" "\t/*\n" "\t * Collect together read-only data.\n" "\t */\n" "\t.rodata : ALIGN(4096) {\n" "\t\trodata_begin = .;\n" "\t\t*(.rodata.*)\n" "\t} >image\n" "\t.got : {\n" "\t\t*(.got)\n" "\t} >image\n" "\trodata_end = .;\n" "\n" "\t/*\n" "\t * Collect together the read-write data including .bss at the end which\n" "\t * will be zero'd by the entry code.\n" "\t */\n" "\t.data : ALIGN(4096) {\n" "\t\tdata_begin = .;\n" "\t\t*(.data.*)\n" "\t\t/*\n" "\t\t * The entry point code assumes that .data is a multiple of 32\n" "\t\t * bytes long.\n" "\t\t */\n" "\t\t. = ALIGN(32);\n" "\t\tdata_end = .;\n" "\t} >image\n" "\n" "\t/* Everything beyond this point will not be included in the binary. */\n" "\tbin_end = .;\n" "\n" "\t/* The entry point code assumes that .bss is 16-byte aligned. */\n" "\t.bss : ALIGN(16) {\n" "\t\tbss_begin = .;\n" "\t\t*(.bss.*)\n" "\t\t*(COMMON)\n" "\t\t. = ALIGN(16);\n" "\t\tbss_end = .;\n" "\t} >image\n" "\n" "\t.stack (NOLOAD) : ALIGN(4096) {\n" "\t\tboot_stack_begin = .;\n" "\t\t. += 40 * 4096;\n" "\t\t. = ALIGN(4096);\n" "\t\tboot_stack_end = .;\n" "\t} >image\n" "\n" "\t. = ALIGN(4K);\n" "\tPROVIDE(dma_region = .);\n" "\n" "\t/*\n" "\t * Remove unused sections from the image.\n" "\t */\n" "\t/DISCARD/ : {\n" "\t\t/* The image loads itself so doesn't need these sections. */\n" "\t\t*(.gnu.hash)\n" "\t\t*(.hash)\n" "\t\t*(.interp)\n" "\t\t*(.eh_frame_hdr)\n" "\t\t*(.eh_frame)\n" "\t\t*(.note.gnu.build-id)\n" "\t}\n" "}\n" "```" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "_Makefile_ (you shouldn't need to change this):" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "# Copyright 2023 Google LLC" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "$(shell uname -s)" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "aarch64-linux-gnu" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "stdio -display none -kernel $< -s" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "cargo clean" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md msgid "Run the code in QEMU with `make qemu`." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md #, fuzzy msgid "Bare Metal Rust Afternoon" msgstr "Dzień 1 Popołudnie" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md #, fuzzy msgid "([back to exercise](rtc.md))" msgstr "([powrót do ćwiczenia](luhn.md))" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md #, fuzzy msgid "_main.rs_:" msgstr "_hello_rust/src/main.rs_:" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "/// Base address of the PL031 RTC.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "/// The IRQ used by the PL031 RTC.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "" "// Safe because `PL031_BASE_ADDRESS` is the base address of a PL031 device,\n" " // and nothing else accesses that address range.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"RTC: {time}\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "// Wait for 3 seconds, without interrupts.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"Waiting for {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"matched={}, interrupt_pending={}\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"Finished waiting\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "// Wait another 3 seconds for an interrupt.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "_pl031.rs_:" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "/// Data register\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "/// Match register\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "/// Load register\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "/// Control register\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "/// Interrupt Mask Set or Clear register\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "/// Raw Interrupt Status\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "/// Masked Interrupt Status\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "/// Interrupt Clear Register\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "/// Driver for a PL031 real-time clock.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "" "/// Constructs a new instance of the RTC driver for a PL031 device at the\n" " /// given base address.\n" " ///\n" " /// # Safety\n" " ///\n" " /// The given base address must point to the MMIO control registers of " "a\n" " /// PL031 device, which must be mapped into the address space of the " "process\n" " /// as device memory and not have any other aliases.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "/// Reads the current RTC value.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "" "// Safe because we know that self.registers points to the control\n" " // registers of a PL031 device which is appropriately mapped.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "" "/// Writes a match value. When the RTC value matches this then an interrupt\n" " /// will be generated (if it is enabled).\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "" "/// Returns whether the match register matches the RTC value, whether or " "not\n" " /// the interrupt is enabled.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "" "/// Returns whether there is currently an interrupt pending.\n" " ///\n" " /// This should be true if and only if `matched` returns true and the\n" " /// interrupt is masked.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "" "/// Sets or clears the interrupt mask.\n" " ///\n" " /// When the mask is true the interrupt is enabled; when it is false " "the\n" " /// interrupt is disabled.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "/// Clears a pending interrupt, if any.\n" msgstr "" #: src/concurrency.md #, fuzzy msgid "Welcome to Concurrency in Rust" msgstr "Witamy w Comprehensive Rust 🦀" #: src/concurrency.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust has full support for concurrency using OS threads with mutexes and " "channels." msgstr "" "Rust ma pełne wsparcie dla współbieżności przy użyciu wątków systemu " "operacyjnego z muteksami i kanały." #: src/concurrency.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The Rust type system plays an important role in making many concurrency bugs " "compile time bugs. This is often referred to as _fearless concurrency_ since " "you can rely on the compiler to ensure correctness at runtime." msgstr "" "System typu Rust odgrywa ważną rolę w tworzeniu wielu błędów współbieżności " "skompilować błędy czasowe. Od tego czasu jest to często określane jako " "_nieustraszona współbieżność_ może polegać na kompilatorze, aby zapewnić " "poprawność w czasie wykonywania." #: src/concurrency/threads.md #, fuzzy msgid "Rust threads work similarly to threads in other languages:" msgstr "Wątki Rust działają podobnie do wątków w innych językach:" #: src/concurrency/threads.md msgid "\"Count in thread: {i}!\"" msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/threads.md msgid "\"Main thread: {i}\"" msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/threads.md #, fuzzy msgid "Threads are all daemon threads, the main thread does not wait for them." msgstr "Wątki to wszystkie wątki demonów, główny wątek na nie nie czeka." #: src/concurrency/threads.md #, fuzzy msgid "Thread panics are independent of each other." msgstr "Paniki wątków są od siebie niezależne." #: src/concurrency/threads.md #, fuzzy msgid "Panics can carry a payload, which can be unpacked with `downcast_ref`." msgstr "" "Paniki mogą przenosić ładunek, który można rozpakować za pomocą " "`downcast_ref`." #: src/concurrency/threads.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Notice that the thread is stopped before it reaches 10 --- the main thread " "is not waiting." msgstr "" "Zauważ, że wątek jest zatrzymywany, zanim osiągnie 10 — główny wątek jest " "nie czekać." #: src/concurrency/threads.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Use `let handle = thread::spawn(...)` and later `handle.join()` to wait for " "the thread to finish." msgstr "" "Użyj `let handle = thread::spawn(...)` a później `handle.join()` aby czekać " "wątek do końca." #: src/concurrency/threads.md #, fuzzy msgid "Trigger a panic in the thread, notice how this doesn't affect `main`." msgstr "Wywołaj panikę w wątku, zauważ, że nie wpływa to na `main`." #: src/concurrency/threads.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Use the `Result` return value from `handle.join()` to get access to the " "panic payload. This is a good time to talk about [`Any`](https://doc.rust-" "lang.org/std/any/index.html)." msgstr "" "Użyj wartości zwracanej przez `Result` z `handle.join()`, aby uzyskać dostęp " "do paniki ładunek. To dobry moment, aby porozmawiać o [`Dowolny`](https://" "doc.rust-lang.org/std/any/index.html)." #: src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md #, fuzzy msgid "Normal threads cannot borrow from their environment:" msgstr "Normalne wątki nie mogą pożyczać ze swojego środowiska:" #: src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "However, you can use a [scoped thread](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/thread/" "fn.scope.html) for this:" msgstr "" "W tym celu możesz jednak użyć \\[wątku z zakresem\\] [1](https://doc.rust-" "lang.org/std/thread/fn.scope.html):" #: src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The reason for that is that when the `thread::scope` function completes, all " "the threads are guaranteed to be joined, so they can return borrowed data." msgstr "" "Powodem tego jest to, że gdy funkcja `thread::scope` zakończy działanie, " "wszystkie wątki zostaną połączone, więc będą mogły zwrócić pożyczone dane." #: src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Normal Rust borrowing rules apply: you can either borrow mutably by one " "thread, or immutably by any number of threads." msgstr "" "Obowiązują normalne zasady pożyczania Rusta: możesz pożyczać zmiennie o " "jeden wątek lub niezmiennie o dowolną liczbę wątków." #: src/concurrency/channels.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust channels have two parts: a `Sender` and a `Receiver`. The two " "parts are connected via the channel, but you only see the end-points." msgstr "" "Kanały Rusta mają dwie części: `Sender` i `Receiver`. Dwie części są " "połączone kanałem, ale widzisz tylko punkty końcowe." #: src/concurrency/channels.md msgid "\"Received: {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/channels.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`mpsc` stands for Multi-Producer, Single-Consumer. `Sender` and `SyncSender` " "implement `Clone` (so you can make multiple producers) but `Receiver` does " "not." msgstr "" "`mpsc` oznacza Multi-Producer, Single-Consumer. `Sender` i `SyncSender` " "implementują `Clone` (tzw możesz stworzyć wielu producentów), ale `Receiver` " "nie." #: src/concurrency/channels.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`send()` and `recv()` return `Result`. If they return `Err`, it means the " "counterpart `Sender` or `Receiver` is dropped and the channel is closed." msgstr "" "`send()` i `recv()` zwracają `Result`. Jeśli zwracają `Błąd`, oznacza to " "odpowiednik `Nadawca` lub `Odbiornik` jest odrzucany i kanał jest zamykany." #: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md #, fuzzy msgid "You get an unbounded and asynchronous channel with `mpsc::channel()`:" msgstr "Otrzymujesz nieograniczony i asynchroniczny kanał z `mpsc::channel()`:" #: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md msgid "\"Message {i}\"" msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md msgid "\"{thread_id:?}: sent Message {i}\"" msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md msgid "\"{thread_id:?}: done\"" msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md msgid "\"Main: got {msg}\"" msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "With bounded (synchronous) channels, `send` can block the current thread:" msgstr "" "Ograniczone i synchroniczne kanały sprawiają, że `send` blokuje bieżący " "wątek:" #: src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md msgid "" "Calling `send` will block the current thread until there is space in the " "channel for the new message. The thread can be blocked indefinitely if there " "is nobody who reads from the channel." msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md msgid "" "A call to `send` will abort with an error (that is why it returns `Result`) " "if the channel is closed. A channel is closed when the receiver is dropped." msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md msgid "" "A bounded channel with a size of zero is called a \"rendezvous channel\". " "Every send will block the current thread until another thread calls `read`." msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/send-sync.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "How does Rust know to forbid shared access across threads? The answer is in " "two traits:" msgstr "" "Skąd Rust wie, jak zabronić współdzielonego dostępu między wątkami? " "Odpowiedź tkwi w dwóch cechach:" #: src/concurrency/send-sync.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`Send`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Send.html): a type `T` " "is `Send` if it is safe to move a `T` across a thread boundary." msgstr "" "[`Wyślij`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Send.html): typ `T` to " "`Wyślij`, jeśli bezpieczne jest przeniesienie `T` w wątku granica." #: src/concurrency/send-sync.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`Sync`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Sync.html): a type `T` " "is `Sync` if it is safe to move a `&T` across a thread boundary." msgstr "" "[`Sync`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Sync.html): typ `T` to " "`Sync`, jeśli bezpieczne jest przeniesienie `&T` w wątku granica." #: src/concurrency/send-sync.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Send` and `Sync` are [unsafe traits](../unsafe/unsafe-traits.md). The " "compiler will automatically derive them for your types as long as they only " "contain `Send` and `Sync` types. You can also implement them manually when " "you know it is valid." msgstr "" "`Wyślij` i `Synchronizacja` to [niebezpieczne cechy](../unsafe/unsafe-traits." "md). Kompilator automatycznie wyprowadzi je dla twoich typów o ile zawierają " "tylko typy `Send` i `Sync`. Możesz także zaimplementować je ręcznie, gdy ty " "wiedzieć, że jest ważny." #: src/concurrency/send-sync.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "One can think of these traits as markers that the type has certain thread-" "safety properties." msgstr "" "Można myśleć o tych cechach jako o znacznikach, że typ ma pewne właściwości " "bezpieczeństwa wątków." #: src/concurrency/send-sync.md #, fuzzy msgid "They can be used in the generic constraints as normal traits." msgstr "Mogą być używane w ogólnych ograniczeniach jako normalne cechy." #: src/concurrency/send-sync/send.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "A type `T` is [`Send`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Send.html) " "if it is safe to move a `T` value to another thread." msgstr "" "Typ `T` to [`Send`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Send.html), " "jeśli przeniesienie wartości `T` do innego wątku jest bezpieczne." #: src/concurrency/send-sync/send.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The effect of moving ownership to another thread is that _destructors_ will " "run in that thread. So the question is when you can allocate a value in one " "thread and deallocate it in another." msgstr "" "Efektem przeniesienia własności do innego wątku jest uruchomienie " "_destruktorów_ w tym wątku. Pytanie brzmi, kiedy można przydzielić wartość w " "jednym wątku i zwolnij go w innym." #: src/concurrency/send-sync/send.md msgid "" "As an example, a connection to the SQLite library must only be accessed from " "a single thread." msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "A type `T` is [`Sync`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Sync.html) " "if it is safe to access a `T` value from multiple threads at the same time." msgstr "" "Typ `T` to [`Sync`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Sync.html), " "jeśli dostęp do wartości `T` z wielu wątków jednocześnie." #: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md #, fuzzy msgid "More precisely, the definition is:" msgstr "Dokładniej, definicja brzmi:" #: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md #, fuzzy msgid "`T` is `Sync` if and only if `&T` is `Send`" msgstr "`T` to `Sync` wtedy i tylko wtedy, gdy `&T` to `Wyślij`" #: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "This statement is essentially a shorthand way of saying that if a type is " "thread-safe for shared use, it is also thread-safe to pass references of it " "across threads." msgstr "" "To stwierdzenie jest zasadniczo skrótowym sposobem stwierdzenia, że jeśli " "typ jest bezpieczny dla wątków do wspólnego użytku, bezpieczne jest również " "przekazywanie odwołań do niego między wątkami." #: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "This is because if a type is Sync it means that it can be shared across " "multiple threads without the risk of data races or other synchronization " "issues, so it is safe to move it to another thread. A reference to the type " "is also safe to move to another thread, because the data it references can " "be accessed from any thread safely." msgstr "" "Dzieje się tak, ponieważ jeśli typem jest synchronizacja, oznacza to, że " "można go udostępniać w wielu wątkach bez ryzyka wyścigu danych lub innych " "problemów z synchronizacją, więc przeniesienie go do innego wątku jest " "bezpieczne. Odwołanie do typu można również bezpiecznie przenieść do innego " "wątku, ponieważ do danych, do których się odwołuje, można bezpiecznie " "uzyskać dostęp z dowolnego wątku." #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Send + Sync`" msgstr "`Wyślij + synchronizuj`" #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "Most types you come across are `Send + Sync`:" msgstr "Większość spotykanych typów to `Wyślij + synchronizuj`:" #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md msgid "`i8`, `f32`, `bool`, `char`, `&str`, ..." msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md msgid "`(T1, T2)`, `[T; N]`, `&[T]`, `struct { x: T }`, ..." msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md msgid "`String`, `Option`, `Vec`, `Box`, ..." msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md msgid "`Arc`: Explicitly thread-safe via atomic reference count." msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md msgid "`Mutex`: Explicitly thread-safe via internal locking." msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md msgid "`AtomicBool`, `AtomicU8`, ...: Uses special atomic instructions." msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The generic types are typically `Send + Sync` when the type parameters are " "`Send + Sync`." msgstr "" "Typy ogólne to zazwyczaj `Wyślij + synchronizacja`, gdy są to parametry typu " "`Wyślij + synchronizuj`." #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Send + !Sync`" msgstr "`Wyślij +!Synchronizacja`" #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "These types can be moved to other threads, but they're not thread-safe. " "Typically because of interior mutability:" msgstr "" "Te typy można przenosić do innych wątków, ale nie są one bezpieczne dla " "wątków. Zazwyczaj z powodu wewnętrznej zmienności:" #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "`mpsc::Sender`" msgstr "`mpsc::Nadawca`" #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "`mpsc::Receiver`" msgstr "`mpsc::Odbiornik`" #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "`Cell`" msgstr "`Komórka`" #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "`RefCell`" msgstr "`RefKomórka`" #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "`!Send + Sync`" msgstr "`!Wyślij + synchronizuj`" #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "These types are thread-safe, but they cannot be moved to another thread:" msgstr "" "Te typy są bezpieczne dla wątków, ale nie można ich przenieść do innego " "wątku:" #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`MutexGuard`: Uses OS level primitives which must be deallocated on " "the thread which created them." msgstr "" "`MutexGuard`: Używa prymitywów na poziomie systemu operacyjnego, które " "muszą zostać zwolnione na wątek, który je stworzył." #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "`!Send + !Sync`" msgstr "`!Wyślij + !Sync`" #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "These types are not thread-safe and cannot be moved to other threads:" msgstr "" "Te typy nie są bezpieczne dla wątków i nie można ich przenosić do innych " "wątków:" #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Rc`: each `Rc` has a reference to an `RcBox`, which contains a non-" "atomic reference count." msgstr "" "`Rc`: każdy `Rc` ma odniesienie do `RcBox`, który zawiera " "nieatomowa liczba referencji." #: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`*const T`, `*mut T`: Rust assumes raw pointers may have special concurrency " "considerations." msgstr "" "`*const T`, `*mut T`: Rust zakłada, że surowe wskaźniki mogą mieć specjalne " "względy współbieżności." #: src/concurrency/shared_state.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Rust uses the type system to enforce synchronization of shared data. This is " "primarily done via two types:" msgstr "" "Rust używa systemu typów do wymuszania synchronizacji współdzielonych " "danych. To jest odbywa się głównie za pomocą dwóch typów:" #: src/concurrency/shared_state.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`Arc`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html), atomic " "reference counted `T`: handles sharing between threads and takes care to " "deallocate `T` when the last reference is dropped," msgstr "" "[`Arc`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html), referencja " "atomowa liczona `T`: obsługuje udostępnianie między wątkami i dba o " "zwolnienie `T`, gdy ostatnie odwołanie zostanie usunięte," #: src/concurrency/shared_state.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`Mutex`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html): ensures " "mutually exclusive access to the `T` value." msgstr "" "[`Mutex`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html): zapewnia " "wzajemnie wykluczający się dostęp do wartości `T`." #: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`Arc`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html) allows shared " "read-only access via `Arc::clone`:" msgstr "" "[`Arc`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html) umożliwia " "współdzielony dostęp tylko do odczytu poprzez swoją metodę `clone`:" #: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md msgid "\"{thread_id:?}: {v:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md msgid "\"v: {v:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Arc` stands for \"Atomic Reference Counted\", a thread safe version of `Rc` " "that uses atomic operations." msgstr "" "`Arc` oznacza \"Atomic Reference Counted\", bezpieczną dla wątków wersję " "`Rc`, która wykorzystuje operacje." #: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Arc` implements `Clone` whether or not `T` does. It implements `Send` " "and `Sync` if and only if `T` implements them both." msgstr "" "`Arc` implementuje `Clone` niezależnie od tego, czy `T` to robi. " "Implementuje `Wyślij` i `Sync` iff `T` realizuje je obie." #: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Arc::clone()` has the cost of atomic operations that get executed, but " "after that the use of the `T` is free." msgstr "" "`Arc::clone()` ma koszt wykonania operacji atomowych, ale później użycie `T` " "jest darmowe." #: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Beware of reference cycles, `Arc` does not use a garbage collector to detect " "them." msgstr "" "Uważaj na cykle referencyjne, `Arc` nie używa modułu wyrzucania elementów " "bezużytecznych do ich wykrywania." #: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md #, fuzzy msgid "`std::sync::Weak` can help." msgstr "`std::sync::Weak` może pomóc." #: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[`Mutex`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html) ensures " "mutual exclusion _and_ allows mutable access to `T` behind a read-only " "interface (another form of [interior mutability](../../borrowing/interior-" "mutability)):" msgstr "" "[`Mutex`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html) zapewnia " "wzajemne wykluczanie _i_ umożliwia zmienny dostęp do `T` za interfejsem " "tylko do odczytu:" #: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md msgid "\"v: {:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Notice how we have a [`impl Sync for Mutex`](https://doc.rust-" "lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html#impl-Sync-for-Mutex%3CT%3E) blanket " "implementation." msgstr "" "Zauważ, że mamy koc [`impl Sync for Mutex`](https://doc.rust-lang." "org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html#impl-Sync-for-Mutex%3CT%3E). realizacja." #: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Mutex` in Rust looks like a collection with just one element --- the " "protected data." msgstr "" "`Mutex` w Rust wygląda jak kolekcja z tylko jednym elementem - chronionymi " "danymi." #: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "It is not possible to forget to acquire the mutex before accessing the " "protected data." msgstr "" "Nie można zapomnieć o zdobyciu muteksu przed uzyskaniem dostępu do " "chronionych danych." #: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You can get an `&mut T` from an `&Mutex` by taking the lock. The " "`MutexGuard` ensures that the `&mut T` doesn't outlive the lock being held." msgstr "" "Możesz uzyskać `&mut T` z `&Mutex`, biorąc blokadę. `MutexGuard` " "zapewnia, że `&mut T` nie przetrwa utrzymywanej blokady." #: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`Mutex` implements both `Send` and `Sync` iff (if and only if) `T` " "implements `Send`." msgstr "" "`Mutex` implementuje zarówno `Send`, jak i `Sync`, jeśli `T` implementuje " "`Send`." #: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md #, fuzzy msgid "A read-write lock counterpart: `RwLock`." msgstr "Odpowiednik blokady odczytu i zapisu - `RwLock`." #: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md #, fuzzy msgid "Why does `lock()` return a `Result`?" msgstr "Dlaczego `lock()` zwraca `Result`?" #: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "If the thread that held the `Mutex` panicked, the `Mutex` becomes " "\"poisoned\" to signal that the data it protected might be in an " "inconsistent state. Calling `lock()` on a poisoned mutex fails with a " "[`PoisonError`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.PoisonError.html). " "You can call `into_inner()` on the error to recover the data regardless." msgstr "" "Jeśli wątek, który zawierał `Mutex` wpadł w panikę, `Mutex` zostaje " "„zatruty”, aby zasygnalizować, że chronione dane mogą być w niespójnym " "stanie. Wywołanie `lock()` na zatrutym muteksie kończy się niepowodzeniem z " "błędem [`PoisonError`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.PoisonError." "html). Możesz wywołać `into_inner()` w przypadku błędu, aby odzyskać dane " "mimo wszystko." #: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md #, fuzzy msgid "Let us see `Arc` and `Mutex` in action:" msgstr "Zobaczmy `Arc` i `Mutex` w akcji:" #: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md msgid "// use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};\n" msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md msgid "Possible solution:" msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md msgid "Notable parts:" msgstr "" #: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`v` is wrapped in both `Arc` and `Mutex`, because their concerns are " "orthogonal." msgstr "" "`v` jest opakowane zarówno w `Arc`, jak i `Mutex`, ponieważ ich " "zainteresowania są ortogonalne." #: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Wrapping a `Mutex` in an `Arc` is a common pattern to share mutable state " "between threads." msgstr "" "Zawijanie `Mutex` w `Arc` to powszechny wzorzec udostępniania zmiennego " "stanu między wątkami." #: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "`v: Arc<_>` needs to be cloned as `v2` before it can be moved into another " "thread. Note `move` was added to the lambda signature." msgstr "" "`v: Arc<_>` musi zostać sklonowany jako `v2` zanim będzie można go przenieść " "do innego wątku. Uwaga: do sygnatury lambda dodano słowo „move”." #: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Blocks are introduced to narrow the scope of the `LockGuard` as much as " "possible." msgstr "" "Blokady są wprowadzane w celu maksymalnego zawężenia zakresu `LockGuard`." #: src/exercises/concurrency/morning.md #, fuzzy msgid "Let us practice our new concurrency skills with" msgstr "Przećwiczmy nasze nowe umiejętności współbieżności z" #: src/exercises/concurrency/morning.md #, fuzzy msgid "Dining philosophers: a classic problem in concurrency." msgstr "Filozofowie jadalni: klasyczny problem współbieżności." #: src/exercises/concurrency/morning.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Multi-threaded link checker: a larger project where you'll use Cargo to " "download dependencies and then check links in parallel." msgstr "" "Wielowątkowe narzędzie do sprawdzania linków: większy projekt, do którego " "użyjesz Cargo pobierz zależności, a następnie sprawdź linki równolegle." #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #, fuzzy msgid "The dining philosophers problem is a classic problem in concurrency:" msgstr "Problem filozofów jadalni jest klasycznym problemem współbieżności:" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Five philosophers dine together at the same table. Each philosopher has " "their own place at the table. There is a fork between each plate. The dish " "served is a kind of spaghetti which has to be eaten with two forks. Each " "philosopher can only alternately think and eat. Moreover, a philosopher can " "only eat their spaghetti when they have both a left and right fork. Thus two " "forks will only be available when their two nearest neighbors are thinking, " "not eating. After an individual philosopher finishes eating, they will put " "down both forks." msgstr "" "Pięciu filozofów je razem przy jednym stole. Każdy filozof ma swoje własne " "miejsce przy stole. Pomiędzy każdym talerzem znajduje się widelec. Serwowane " "danie to rodzaj spaghetti, które trzeba jeść dwoma widelcami. Każdy filozof " "może tylko na przemian myśleć i jeść. Co więcej, filozof może jeść tylko ich " "spaghetti, gdy mają lewy i prawy widelec. Tak więc tylko dwa widelce być " "dostępnym, gdy dwaj najbliżsi sąsiedzi myślą, a nie jedzą. Po pojedynczy " "filozof skończy jeść, odłoży oba widelce." #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You will need a local [Cargo installation](../../cargo/running-locally.md) " "for this exercise. Copy the code below to a file called `src/main.rs`, fill " "out the blanks, and test that `cargo run` does not deadlock:" msgstr "" "Będziesz potrzebować lokalnej [instalacji Cargo](../../cargo/running-locally." "md) dla to ćwiczenie. Skopiuj poniższy kod do pliku `src/main.rs`, wypełnij " "puste pola, i sprawdź, czy `cargo run` nie powoduje impasu:" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "// left_fork: ...\n" " // right_fork: ...\n" " // thoughts: ...\n" msgstr "" "struktura Filozof { imię: Ciąg, // lewy_fork: ... // widelec_w prawo: ... // " "myśli: ... }" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"Eureka! {} has a new idea!\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "// Pick up forks...\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"{} is eating...\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"Socrates\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"Hypatia\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"Plato\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"Aristotle\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"Pythagoras\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md #, fuzzy msgid "// Create forks\n" msgstr "fn main() { // Utwórz rozwidlenia" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md #, fuzzy msgid "// Create philosophers\n" msgstr "" "```\n" "// Twórz filozofów\n" "```" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #, fuzzy msgid "// Make each of them think and eat 100 times\n" msgstr "" "```\n" "// Niech myślą i jedzą\n" "```" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "// Output their thoughts\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md msgid "You can use the following `Cargo.toml`:" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md msgid "" "```toml\n" "[package]\n" "name = \"dining-philosophers\"\n" "version = \"0.1.0\"\n" "edition = \"2021\"\n" "```" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Let us use our new knowledge to create a multi-threaded link checker. It " "should start at a webpage and check that links on the page are valid. It " "should recursively check other pages on the same domain and keep doing this " "until all pages have been validated." msgstr "" "Wykorzystajmy naszą nową wiedzę do stworzenia wielowątkowego narzędzia do " "sprawdzania linków. Powinno zacznij od strony internetowej i sprawdź, czy " "linki na stronie są prawidłowe. Powinno rekurencyjnie sprawdzaj inne strony " "w tej samej domenie i rób to, aż wszystkie strony zostały zweryfikowane." #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "For this, you will need an HTTP client such as [`reqwest`](https://docs.rs/" "reqwest/). Create a new Cargo project and `reqwest` it as a dependency with:" msgstr "" "Do tego potrzebny będzie klient HTTP, taki jak [`reqwest`](https://docs.rs/" "reqwest/). Stwórz nowy Projekt Cargo i `reqwest` jako zależność z:" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "If `cargo add` fails with `error: no such subcommand`, then please edit the " "`Cargo.toml` file by hand. Add the dependencies listed below." msgstr "" "Jeśli polecenie `cargo add` nie powiedzie się z komunikatem `error: no such " "subcommand`, edytuj Plik `Cargo.toml` ręcznie. Dodaj zależności wymienione " "poniżej." #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You will also need a way to find links. We can use [`scraper`](https://docs." "rs/scraper/) for that:" msgstr "" "Będziesz także potrzebował sposobu na znalezienie linków. Możemy do tego " "użyć [`scraper`](https://docs.rs/scraper/):" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Finally, we'll need some way of handling errors. We use [`thiserror`]" "(https://docs.rs/thiserror/) for that:" msgstr "" "Na koniec będziemy potrzebować jakiegoś sposobu obsługi błędów. Używamy " "[`thiserror`](https://docs.rs/thiserror/) dla To:" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The `cargo add` calls will update the `Cargo.toml` file to look like this:" msgstr "" "Wywołania `cargo add` zaktualizują plik `Cargo.toml` tak, aby wyglądał " "następująco:" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md msgid "" "```toml\n" "[package]\n" "name = \"link-checker\"\n" "version = \"0.1.0\"\n" "edition = \"2021\"\n" "publish = false\n" "\n" "[dependencies]\n" "reqwest = { version = \"0.11.12\", features = [\"blocking\", \"rustls-" "tls\"] }\n" "scraper = \"0.13.0\"\n" "thiserror = \"1.0.37\"\n" "```" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "You can now download the start page. Try with a small site such as `https://" "www.google.org/`." msgstr "" "Możesz teraz pobrać stronę startową. Spróbuj z małą witryną, taką jak " "`https://www.google.org/`." #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #, fuzzy msgid "Your `src/main.rs` file should look something like this:" msgstr "Twój plik `src/main.rs` powinien wyglądać mniej więcej tak:" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"request error: {0}\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"bad http response: {0}\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"Checking {:#}\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"href\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"On {base_url:#}: ignored unparsable {href:?}: {err}\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"https://www.google.org\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md msgid "\"Links: {links:#?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md msgid "\"Could not extract links: {err:#}\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #, fuzzy msgid "Run the code in `src/main.rs` with" msgstr "Uruchom kod w `src/main.rs` za pomocą" #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Use threads to check the links in parallel: send the URLs to be checked to a " "channel and let a few threads check the URLs in parallel." msgstr "" "Używaj wątków do równoległego sprawdzania linków: wyślij adresy URL do " "sprawdzenia do a channel i pozwól kilku wątkom równolegle sprawdzać adresy " "URL." #: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Extend this to recursively extract links from all pages on the `www.google." "org` domain. Put an upper limit of 100 pages or so so that you don't end up " "being blocked by the site." msgstr "" "Rozszerz to, aby rekurencyjnie wyodrębnić linki ze wszystkich stron w " "witrynie domena `www.google.org`. Ustaw górny limit 100 stron lub tak, abyś " "mógł nie zostań zablokowany przez witrynę." #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md #, fuzzy msgid "Concurrency Morning Exercise" msgstr "Dzień 3 Poranna gimnastyka" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "([back to exercise](dining-philosophers.md))" msgstr "([powrót do ćwiczenia](dining-philosophers.md))" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"{} is trying to eat\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "" "// To avoid a deadlock, we have to break the symmetry\n" " // somewhere. This will swap the forks without deinitializing\n" " // either of them.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"{thought}\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md #, fuzzy msgid "Link Checker" msgstr "Wielowątkowe narzędzie do sprawdzania linków" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md #, fuzzy msgid "([back to exercise](link-checker.md))" msgstr "([powrót do ćwiczenia](luhn.md))" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "" "/// Determine whether links within the given page should be extracted.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "" "/// Mark the given page as visited, returning false if it had already\n" " /// been visited.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "// The sender got dropped. No more commands coming in.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"Got crawling error: {:#}\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md msgid "\"Bad URLs: {:#?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/async.md #, fuzzy msgid "Async Rust" msgstr "Dlaczego Rust?" #: src/async.md msgid "" "\"Async\" is a concurrency model where multiple tasks are executed " "concurrently by executing each task until it would block, then switching to " "another task that is ready to make progress. The model allows running a " "larger number of tasks on a limited number of threads. This is because the " "per-task overhead is typically very low and operating systems provide " "primitives for efficiently identifying I/O that is able to proceed." msgstr "" #: src/async.md msgid "" "Rust's asynchronous operation is based on \"futures\", which represent work " "that may be completed in the future. Futures are \"polled\" until they " "signal that they are complete." msgstr "" #: src/async.md msgid "" "Futures are polled by an async runtime, and several different runtimes are " "available." msgstr "" #: src/async.md msgid "" "Python has a similar model in its `asyncio`. However, its `Future` type is " "callback-based, and not polled. Async Python programs require a \"loop\", " "similar to a runtime in Rust." msgstr "" #: src/async.md msgid "" "JavaScript's `Promise` is similar, but again callback-based. The language " "runtime implements the event loop, so many of the details of Promise " "resolution are hidden." msgstr "" #: src/async/async-await.md msgid "" "At a high level, async Rust code looks very much like \"normal\" sequential " "code:" msgstr "" #: src/async/async-await.md msgid "\"Count is: {i}!\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/async-await.md msgid "" "Note that this is a simplified example to show the syntax. There is no long " "running operation or any real concurrency in it!" msgstr "" #: src/async/async-await.md #, fuzzy msgid "What is the return type of an async call?" msgstr "Jaki jest typ słowa w każdej pętli?" #: src/async/async-await.md msgid "Use `let future: () = async_main(10);` in `main` to see the type." msgstr "" #: src/async/async-await.md msgid "" "The \"async\" keyword is syntactic sugar. The compiler replaces the return " "type with a future." msgstr "" #: src/async/async-await.md msgid "" "You cannot make `main` async, without additional instructions to the " "compiler on how to use the returned future." msgstr "" #: src/async/async-await.md msgid "" "You need an executor to run async code. `block_on` blocks the current thread " "until the provided future has run to completion." msgstr "" #: src/async/async-await.md msgid "" "`.await` asynchronously waits for the completion of another operation. " "Unlike `block_on`, `.await` doesn't block the current thread." msgstr "" #: src/async/async-await.md msgid "" "`.await` can only be used inside an `async` function (or block; these are " "introduced later)." msgstr "" #: src/async/futures.md msgid "" "[`Future`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/future/trait.Future.html) is a " "trait, implemented by objects that represent an operation that may not be " "complete yet. A future can be polled, and `poll` returns a [`Poll`](https://" "doc.rust-lang.org/std/task/enum.Poll.html)." msgstr "" #: src/async/futures.md msgid "" "An async function returns an `impl Future`. It's also possible (but " "uncommon) to implement `Future` for your own types. For example, the " "`JoinHandle` returned from `tokio::spawn` implements `Future` to allow " "joining to it." msgstr "" #: src/async/futures.md msgid "" "The `.await` keyword, applied to a Future, causes the current async function " "to pause until that Future is ready, and then evaluates to its output." msgstr "" #: src/async/futures.md msgid "" "The `Future` and `Poll` types are implemented exactly as shown; click the " "links to show the implementations in the docs." msgstr "" #: src/async/futures.md msgid "" "We will not get to `Pin` and `Context`, as we will focus on writing async " "code, rather than building new async primitives. Briefly:" msgstr "" #: src/async/futures.md msgid "" "`Context` allows a Future to schedule itself to be polled again when an " "event occurs." msgstr "" #: src/async/futures.md msgid "" "`Pin` ensures that the Future isn't moved in memory, so that pointers into " "that future remain valid. This is required to allow references to remain " "valid after an `.await`." msgstr "" #: src/async/runtimes.md msgid "" "A _runtime_ provides support for performing operations asynchronously (a " "_reactor_) and is responsible for executing futures (an _executor_). Rust " "does not have a \"built-in\" runtime, but several options are available:" msgstr "" #: src/async/runtimes.md msgid "" "[Tokio](https://tokio.rs/): performant, with a well-developed ecosystem of " "functionality like [Hyper](https://hyper.rs/) for HTTP or [Tonic](https://" "github.com/hyperium/tonic) for gRPC." msgstr "" #: src/async/runtimes.md msgid "" "[async-std](https://async.rs/): aims to be a \"std for async\", and includes " "a basic runtime in `async::task`." msgstr "" #: src/async/runtimes.md msgid "[smol](https://docs.rs/smol/latest/smol/): simple and lightweight" msgstr "" #: src/async/runtimes.md msgid "" "Several larger applications have their own runtimes. For example, [Fuchsia]" "(https://fuchsia.googlesource.com/fuchsia/+/refs/heads/main/src/lib/fuchsia-" "async/src/lib.rs) already has one." msgstr "" #: src/async/runtimes.md msgid "" "Note that of the listed runtimes, only Tokio is supported in the Rust " "playground. The playground also does not permit any I/O, so most interesting " "async things can't run in the playground." msgstr "" #: src/async/runtimes.md msgid "" "Futures are \"inert\" in that they do not do anything (not even start an I/O " "operation) unless there is an executor polling them. This differs from JS " "Promises, for example, which will run to completion even if they are never " "used." msgstr "" #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md msgid "Tokio provides:" msgstr "" #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md msgid "A multi-threaded runtime for executing asynchronous code." msgstr "" #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md msgid "An asynchronous version of the standard library." msgstr "" #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md msgid "A large ecosystem of libraries." msgstr "" #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md msgid "\"Count in task: {i}!\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md msgid "\"Main task: {i}\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md msgid "With the `tokio::main` macro we can now make `main` async." msgstr "" #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md msgid "The `spawn` function creates a new, concurrent \"task\"." msgstr "" #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md msgid "Note: `spawn` takes a `Future`, you don't call `.await` on `count_to`." msgstr "" #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md msgid "**Further exploration:**" msgstr "" #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md msgid "" "Why does `count_to` not (usually) get to 10? This is an example of async " "cancellation. `tokio::spawn` returns a handle which can be awaited to wait " "until it finishes." msgstr "" #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md msgid "Try `count_to(10).await` instead of spawning." msgstr "" #: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md msgid "Try awaiting the task returned from `tokio::spawn`." msgstr "" #: src/async/tasks.md msgid "Rust has a task system, which is a form of lightweight threading." msgstr "" #: src/async/tasks.md msgid "" "A task has a single top-level future which the executor polls to make " "progress. That future may have one or more nested futures that its `poll` " "method polls, corresponding loosely to a call stack. Concurrency within a " "task is possible by polling multiple child futures, such as racing a timer " "and an I/O operation." msgstr "" #: src/async/tasks.md msgid "\"127.0.0.1:0\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/tasks.md msgid "\"listening on port {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/tasks.md msgid "\"connection from {addr:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/tasks.md msgid "b\"Who are you?\\n\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/tasks.md msgid "\"socket error\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/tasks.md msgid "\"Thanks for dialing in, {name}!\\n\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/tasks.md src/async/control-flow/join.md msgid "" "Copy this example into your prepared `src/main.rs` and run it from there." msgstr "" #: src/async/tasks.md msgid "" "Try connecting to it with a TCP connection tool like [nc](https://www.unix." "com/man-page/linux/1/nc/) or [telnet](https://www.unix.com/man-page/linux/1/" "telnet/)." msgstr "" #: src/async/tasks.md msgid "" "Ask students to visualize what the state of the example server would be with " "a few connected clients. What tasks exist? What are their Futures?" msgstr "" #: src/async/tasks.md msgid "" "This is the first time we've seen an `async` block. This is similar to a " "closure, but does not take any arguments. Its return value is a Future, " "similar to an `async fn`." msgstr "" #: src/async/tasks.md msgid "" "Refactor the async block into a function, and improve the error handling " "using `?`." msgstr "" #: src/async/channels.md msgid "" "Several crates have support for asynchronous channels. For instance `tokio`:" msgstr "" #: src/async/channels.md msgid "\"Received {count} pings so far.\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/channels.md msgid "\"ping_handler complete\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/channels.md msgid "\"Failed to send ping.\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/channels.md msgid "\"Sent {} pings so far.\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/channels.md msgid "\"Something went wrong in ping handler task.\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/channels.md msgid "Change the channel size to `3` and see how it affects the execution." msgstr "" #: src/async/channels.md msgid "" "Overall, the interface is similar to the `sync` channels as seen in the " "[morning class](concurrency/channels.md)." msgstr "" #: src/async/channels.md msgid "Try removing the `std::mem::drop` call. What happens? Why?" msgstr "" #: src/async/channels.md msgid "" "The [Flume](https://docs.rs/flume/latest/flume/) crate has channels that " "implement both `sync` and `async` `send` and `recv`. This can be convenient " "for complex applications with both IO and heavy CPU processing tasks." msgstr "" #: src/async/channels.md msgid "" "What makes working with `async` channels preferable is the ability to " "combine them with other `future`s to combine them and create complex control " "flow." msgstr "" #: src/async/control-flow.md #, fuzzy msgid "Futures Control Flow" msgstr "Kontrola przepływu" #: src/async/control-flow.md msgid "" "Futures can be combined together to produce concurrent compute flow graphs. " "We have already seen tasks, that function as independent threads of " "execution." msgstr "" #: src/async/control-flow.md msgid "[Join](control-flow/join.md)" msgstr "" #: src/async/control-flow.md msgid "[Select](control-flow/select.md)" msgstr "" #: src/async/control-flow/join.md msgid "" "A join operation waits until all of a set of futures are ready, and returns " "a collection of their results. This is similar to `Promise.all` in " "JavaScript or `asyncio.gather` in Python." msgstr "" #: src/async/control-flow/join.md msgid "\"https://google.com\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/control-flow/join.md msgid "\"https://httpbin.org/ip\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/control-flow/join.md msgid "\"https://play.rust-lang.org/\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/control-flow/join.md msgid "\"BAD_URL\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/control-flow/join.md msgid "" "For multiple futures of disjoint types, you can use `std::future::join!` but " "you must know how many futures you will have at compile time. This is " "currently in the `futures` crate, soon to be stabilised in `std::future`." msgstr "" #: src/async/control-flow/join.md msgid "" "The risk of `join` is that one of the futures may never resolve, this would " "cause your program to stall." msgstr "" #: src/async/control-flow/join.md msgid "" "You can also combine `join_all` with `join!` for instance to join all " "requests to an http service as well as a database query. Try adding a " "`tokio::time::sleep` to the future, using `futures::join!`. This is not a " "timeout (that requires `select!`, explained in the next chapter), but " "demonstrates `join!`." msgstr "" #: src/async/control-flow/select.md msgid "" "A select operation waits until any of a set of futures is ready, and " "responds to that future's result. In JavaScript, this is similar to `Promise." "race`. In Python, it compares to `asyncio.wait(task_set, return_when=asyncio." "FIRST_COMPLETED)`." msgstr "" #: src/async/control-flow/select.md msgid "" "Similar to a match statement, the body of `select!` has a number of arms, " "each of the form `pattern = future => statement`. When a `future` is ready, " "its return value is destructured by the `pattern`. The `statement` is then " "run with the resulting variables. The `statement` result becomes the result " "of the `select!` macro." msgstr "" #: src/async/control-flow/select.md msgid "\"Felix\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/control-flow/select.md msgid "\"Failed to send cat.\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/control-flow/select.md msgid "\"Rex\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/control-flow/select.md msgid "\"Failed to send dog.\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/control-flow/select.md msgid "\"Failed to receive winner\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/control-flow/select.md msgid "\"Winner is {winner:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/control-flow/select.md msgid "" "In this example, we have a race between a cat and a dog. " "`first_animal_to_finish_race` listens to both channels and will pick " "whichever arrives first. Since the dog takes 50ms, it wins against the cat " "that take 500ms." msgstr "" #: src/async/control-flow/select.md msgid "" "You can use `oneshot` channels in this example as the channels are supposed " "to receive only one `send`." msgstr "" #: src/async/control-flow/select.md msgid "" "Try adding a deadline to the race, demonstrating selecting different sorts " "of futures." msgstr "" #: src/async/control-flow/select.md msgid "" "Note that `select!` drops unmatched branches, which cancels their futures. " "It is easiest to use when every execution of `select!` creates new futures." msgstr "" #: src/async/control-flow/select.md msgid "" "An alternative is to pass `&mut future` instead of the future itself, but " "this can lead to issues, further discussed in the pinning slide." msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls.md msgid "Pitfalls of async/await" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls.md msgid "" "Async / await provides convenient and efficient abstraction for concurrent " "asynchronous programming. However, the async/await model in Rust also comes " "with its share of pitfalls and footguns. We illustrate some of them in this " "chapter:" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls.md msgid "[Blocking the Executor](pitfalls/blocking-executor.md)" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls.md msgid "[Pin](pitfalls/pin.md)" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls.md msgid "[Async Traits](pitfalls/async-traits.md)" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls.md msgid "[Cancellation](pitfalls/cancellation.md)" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md msgid "Blocking the executor" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md msgid "" "Most async runtimes only allow IO tasks to run concurrently. This means that " "CPU blocking tasks will block the executor and prevent other tasks from " "being executed. An easy workaround is to use async equivalent methods where " "possible." msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md msgid "\"future {id} slept for {duration_ms}ms, finished after {}ms\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md msgid "\"current_thread\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md msgid "" "Run the code and see that the sleeps happen consecutively rather than " "concurrently." msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md msgid "" "The `\"current_thread\"` flavor puts all tasks on a single thread. This " "makes the effect more obvious, but the bug is still present in the multi-" "threaded flavor." msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md msgid "" "Switch the `std::thread::sleep` to `tokio::time::sleep` and await its result." msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md msgid "" "Another fix would be to `tokio::task::spawn_blocking` which spawns an actual " "thread and transforms its handle into a future without blocking the executor." msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md msgid "" "You should not think of tasks as OS threads. They do not map 1 to 1 and most " "executors will allow many tasks to run on a single OS thread. This is " "particularly problematic when interacting with other libraries via FFI, " "where that library might depend on thread-local storage or map to specific " "OS threads (e.g., CUDA). Prefer `tokio::task::spawn_blocking` in such " "situations." msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md msgid "" "Use sync mutexes with care. Holding a mutex over an `.await` may cause " "another task to block, and that task may be running on the same thread." msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "" "Async blocks and functions return types implementing the `Future` trait. The " "type returned is the result of a compiler transformation which turns local " "variables into data stored inside the future." msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "" "Some of those variables can hold pointers to other local variables. Because " "of that, the future should never be moved to a different memory location, as " "it would invalidate those pointers." msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "" "To prevent moving the future type in memory, it can only be polled through a " "pinned pointer. `Pin` is a wrapper around a reference that disallows all " "operations that would move the instance it points to into a different memory " "location." msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "" "// A work item. In this case, just sleep for the given time and respond\n" "// with a message on the `respond_on` channel.\n" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "// A worker which listens for work on a queue and performs it.\n" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "// Pretend to work.\n" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "\"failed to send response\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "// TODO: report number of iterations every 100ms\n" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "// A requester which requests work and waits for it to complete.\n" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "\"failed to send on work queue\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "\"failed waiting for response\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "\"work result for iteration {i}: {resp}\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "" "You may recognize this as an example of the actor pattern. Actors typically " "call `select!` in a loop." msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "" "This serves as a summation of a few of the previous lessons, so take your " "time with it." msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "" "Naively add a `_ = sleep(Duration::from_millis(100)) => { println!(..) }` to " "the `select!`. This will never execute. Why?" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "" "Instead, add a `timeout_fut` containing that future outside of the `loop`:" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "" "This still doesn't work. Follow the compiler errors, adding `&mut` to the " "`timeout_fut` in the `select!` to work around the move, then using `Box::" "pin`:" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "" "This compiles, but once the timeout expires it is `Poll::Ready` on every " "iteration (a fused future would help with this). Update to reset " "`timeout_fut` every time it expires." msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "" "Box allocates on the heap. In some cases, `std::pin::pin!` (only recently " "stabilized, with older code often using `tokio::pin!`) is also an option, " "but that is difficult to use for a future that is reassigned." msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "" "Another alternative is to not use `pin` at all but spawn another task that " "will send to a `oneshot` channel every 100ms." msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "" "Data that contains pointers to itself is called self-referential. Normally, " "the Rust borrow checker would prevent self-referential data from being " "moved, as the references cannot outlive the data they point to. However, the " "code transformation for async blocks and functions is not verified by the " "borrow checker." msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "" "`Pin` is a wrapper around a reference. An object cannot be moved from its " "place using a pinned pointer. However, it can still be moved through an " "unpinned pointer." msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md msgid "" "The `poll` method of the `Future` trait uses `Pin<&mut Self>` instead of " "`&mut Self` to refer to the instance. That's why it can only be called on a " "pinned pointer." msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md msgid "" "Async methods in traits are not yet supported in the stable channel ([An " "experimental feature exists in nightly and should be stabilized in the mid " "term.](https://blog.rust-lang.org/inside-rust/2022/11/17/async-fn-in-trait-" "nightly.html))" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md msgid "" "The crate [async_trait](https://docs.rs/async-trait/latest/async_trait/) " "provides a workaround through a macro:" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md msgid "\"running all sleepers..\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md msgid "\"slept for {}ms\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md msgid "" "`async_trait` is easy to use, but note that it's using heap allocations to " "achieve this. This heap allocation has performance overhead." msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md msgid "" "The challenges in language support for `async trait` are deep Rust and " "probably not worth describing in-depth. Niko Matsakis did a good job of " "explaining them in [this post](https://smallcultfollowing.com/babysteps/" "blog/2019/10/26/async-fn-in-traits-are-hard/) if you are interested in " "digging deeper." msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md msgid "" "Try creating a new sleeper struct that will sleep for a random amount of " "time and adding it to the Vec." msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md msgid "" "Dropping a future implies it can never be polled again. This is called " "_cancellation_ and it can occur at any `await` point. Care is needed to " "ensure the system works correctly even when futures are cancelled. For " "example, it shouldn't deadlock or lose data." msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md msgid "\"not UTF-8\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md msgid "\"hi\\nthere\\n\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md msgid "\"tick!\"" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md msgid "" "The compiler doesn't help with cancellation-safety. You need to read API " "documentation and consider what state your `async fn` holds." msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md msgid "" "Unlike `panic` and `?`, cancellation is part of normal control flow (vs " "error-handling)." msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md msgid "The example loses parts of the string." msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md msgid "" "Whenever the `tick()` branch finishes first, `next()` and its `buf` are " "dropped." msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md msgid "" "`LinesReader` can be made cancellation-safe by making `buf` part of the " "struct:" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md msgid "// prefix buf and bytes with self.\n" msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md msgid "" "[`Interval::tick`](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/time/struct.Interval." "html#method.tick) is cancellation-safe because it keeps track of whether a " "tick has been 'delivered'." msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md msgid "" "[`AsyncReadExt::read`](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/io/trait." "AsyncReadExt.html#method.read) is cancellation-safe because it either " "returns or doesn't read data." msgstr "" #: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md msgid "" "[`AsyncBufReadExt::read_line`](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/io/trait." "AsyncBufReadExt.html#method.read_line) is similar to the example and _isn't_ " "cancellation-safe. See its documentation for details and alternatives." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/afternoon.md msgid "" "To practice your Async Rust skills, we have again two exercises for you:" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/afternoon.md msgid "" "Dining philosophers: we already saw this problem in the morning. This time " "you are going to implement it with Async Rust." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/afternoon.md msgid "" "A Broadcast Chat Application: this is a larger project that allows you " "experiment with more advanced Async Rust features." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md #, fuzzy msgid "Dining Philosophers --- Async" msgstr "Ucztujący filozofowie" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md msgid "" "See [dining philosophers](dining-philosophers.md) for a description of the " "problem." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "As before, you will need a local [Cargo installation](../../cargo/running-" "locally.md) for this exercise. Copy the code below to a file called `src/" "main.rs`, fill out the blanks, and test that `cargo run` does not deadlock:" msgstr "" "Będziesz potrzebować lokalnej [instalacji Cargo](../../cargo/running-locally." "md) dla to ćwiczenie. Skopiuj poniższy kod do pliku `src/main.rs`, wypełnij " "puste pola, i sprawdź, czy `cargo run` nie powoduje impasu:" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md #, fuzzy msgid "// Make them think and eat\n" msgstr "" "```\n" "// Niech myślą i jedzą\n" "```" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md msgid "" "Since this time you are using Async Rust, you'll need a `tokio` dependency. " "You can use the following `Cargo.toml`:" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md msgid "" "```toml\n" "[package]\n" "name = \"dining-philosophers-async-dine\"\n" "version = \"0.1.0\"\n" "edition = \"2021\"\n" "\n" "[dependencies]\n" "tokio = { version = \"1.26.0\", features = [\"sync\", \"time\", \"macros\", " "\"rt-multi-thread\"] }\n" "```" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md msgid "" "Also note that this time you have to use the `Mutex` and the `mpsc` module " "from the `tokio` crate." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md msgid "Can you make your implementation single-threaded?" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "" "In this exercise, we want to use our new knowledge to implement a broadcast " "chat application. We have a chat server that the clients connect to and " "publish their messages. The client reads user messages from the standard " "input, and sends them to the server. The chat server broadcasts each message " "that it receives to all the clients." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "" "For this, we use [a broadcast channel](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/" "sync/broadcast/fn.channel.html) on the server, and [`tokio_websockets`]" "(https://docs.rs/tokio-websockets/) for the communication between the client " "and the server." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "Create a new Cargo project and add the following dependencies:" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "_Cargo.toml_:" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "" "```toml\n" "[package]\n" "name = \"chat-async\"\n" "version = \"0.1.0\"\n" "edition = \"2021\"\n" "\n" "[dependencies]\n" "futures-util = { version = \"0.3.30\", features = [\"sink\"] }\n" "http = \"1.0.0\"\n" "tokio = { version = \"1.28.1\", features = [\"full\"] }\n" "tokio-websockets = { version = \"0.5.1\", features = [\"client\", " "\"fastrand\", \"server\", \"sha1_smol\"] }\n" "```" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "The required APIs" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "" "You are going to need the following functions from `tokio` and " "[`tokio_websockets`](https://docs.rs/tokio-websockets/). Spend a few minutes " "to familiarize yourself with the API." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "" "[StreamExt::next()](https://docs.rs/futures-util/0.3.28/futures_util/stream/" "trait.StreamExt.html#method.next) implemented by `WebSocketStream`: for " "asynchronously reading messages from a Websocket Stream." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "" "[SinkExt::send()](https://docs.rs/futures-util/0.3.28/futures_util/sink/" "trait.SinkExt.html#method.send) implemented by `WebSocketStream`: for " "asynchronously sending messages on a Websocket Stream." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "" "[Lines::next_line()](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/io/struct.Lines." "html#method.next_line): for asynchronously reading user messages from the " "standard input." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "" "[Sender::subscribe()](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/sync/broadcast/" "struct.Sender.html#method.subscribe): for subscribing to a broadcast channel." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #, fuzzy msgid "Two binaries" msgstr "Binaria Rusta" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "" "Normally in a Cargo project, you can have only one binary, and one `src/main." "rs` file. In this project, we need two binaries. One for the client, and one " "for the server. You could potentially make them two separate Cargo projects, " "but we are going to put them in a single Cargo project with two binaries. " "For this to work, the client and the server code should go under `src/bin` " "(see the [documentation](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/cargo-" "targets.html#binaries))." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "" "Copy the following server and client code into `src/bin/server.rs` and `src/" "bin/client.rs`, respectively. Your task is to complete these files as " "described below." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md #, fuzzy msgid "_src/bin/server.rs_:" msgstr "_birthday_service/src/server.rs_:" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "// TODO: For a hint, see the description of the task below.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"127.0.0.1:2000\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"listening on port 2000\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"New connection from {addr:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "// Wrap the raw TCP stream into a websocket.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md #, fuzzy msgid "_src/bin/client.rs_:" msgstr "_birthday_service/src/client.rs_:" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"ws://127.0.0.1:2000\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md #, fuzzy msgid "Running the binaries" msgstr "Prowadzenie kursu" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "Run the server with:" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "and the client with:" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "Implement the `handle_connection` function in `src/bin/server.rs`." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "" "Hint: Use `tokio::select!` for concurrently performing two tasks in a " "continuous loop. One task receives messages from the client and broadcasts " "them. The other sends messages received by the server to the client." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "Complete the main function in `src/bin/client.rs`." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "" "Hint: As before, use `tokio::select!` in a continuous loop for concurrently " "performing two tasks: (1) reading user messages from standard input and " "sending them to the server, and (2) receiving messages from the server, and " "displaying them for the user." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md msgid "" "Optional: Once you are done, change the code to broadcast messages to all " "clients, but the sender of the message." msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md #, fuzzy msgid "Concurrency Afternoon Exercise" msgstr "Dzień 1 Ćwiczenia popołudniowe" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md #, fuzzy msgid "([back to exercise](dining-philosophers-async.md))" msgstr "([powrót do ćwiczenia](dining-philosophers.md))" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "" "// Add a delay before picking the second fork to allow the execution\n" " // to transfer to another task\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "// The locks are dropped here\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "" "// To avoid a deadlock, we have to break the symmetry\n" " // somewhere. This will swap the forks without deinitializing\n" " // either of them.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "// tx is dropped here, so we don't need to explicitly drop it later\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"Here is a thought: {thought}\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md #, fuzzy msgid "([back to exercise](chat-app.md))" msgstr "([powrót do ćwiczenia](luhn.md))" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"Welcome to chat! Type a message\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "" "// A continuous loop for concurrently performing two tasks: (1) receiving\n" " // messages from `ws_stream` and broadcasting them, and (2) receiving\n" " // messages on `bcast_rx` and sending them to the client.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"From client {addr:?} {text:?}\"" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "// Continuous loop for concurrently sending and receiving messages.\n" msgstr "" #: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md msgid "\"From server: {}\"" msgstr "" #: src/thanks.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "_Thank you for taking Comprehensive Rust 🦀!_ We hope you enjoyed it and " "that it was useful." msgstr "" "_Dziękujemy za skorzystanie z Comprehensive Rust 🦀!_ Mamy nadzieję, że Ci " "się podobało i że tak było przydatne." #: src/thanks.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "We've had a lot of fun putting the course together. The course is not " "perfect, so if you spotted any mistakes or have ideas for improvements, " "please get in [contact with us on GitHub](https://github.com/google/" "comprehensive-rust/discussions). We would love to hear from you." msgstr "" "Świetnie się bawiliśmy przygotowując kurs. Kurs nie jest doskonały, więc " "jeśli zauważyłeś jakieś błędy lub masz pomysły na ulepszenia, wejdź [kontakt " "z nami na GitHub](https://github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/discussions). " "Kochalibyśmy się usłyszeć od ciebie." #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "The following is a glossary which aims to give a short definition of many " "Rust terms. For translations, this also serves to connect the term back to " "the English original." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "allocate: \n" "Dynamic memory allocation on [the heap](memory-management/stack-vs-heap.md)." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "argument: \n" "Information that is passed into a function or method." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "Bare-metal Rust: \n" "Low-level Rust development, often deployed to a system without an operating " "system. See [Bare-metal Rust](bare-metal.md)." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "block: \n" "See [Blocks](control-flow/blocks.md) and _scope_." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "borrow: \n" "See [Borrowing](ownership/borrowing.md)." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "borrow checker: \n" "The part of the Rust compiler which checks that all borrows are valid." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "brace: \n" "`{` and `}`. Also called _curly brace_, they delimit _blocks_." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "build: \n" "The process of converting source code into executable code or a usable " "program." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "call: \n" "To invoke or execute a function or method." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "channel: \n" "Used to safely pass messages [between threads](concurrency/channels.md)." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "Comprehensive Rust 🦀: \n" "The courses here are jointly called Comprehensive Rust 🦀." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "concurrency: \n" "The execution of multiple tasks or processes at the same time." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "Concurrency in Rust: \n" "See [Concurrency in Rust](concurrency.md)." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "constant: \n" "A value that does not change during the execution of a program." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "control flow: \n" "The order in which the individual statements or instructions are executed in " "a program." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "crash: \n" "An unexpected and unhandled failure or termination of a program." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "enumeration: \n" "A data type that holds one of several named constants, possibly with an " "associated tuple or struct." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "error: \n" "An unexpected condition or result that deviates from the expected behavior." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "error handling: \n" "The process of managing and responding to errors that occur during program " "execution." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "exercise: \n" "A task or problem designed to practice and test programming skills." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "function: \n" "A reusable block of code that performs a specific task." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "garbage collector: \n" "A mechanism that automatically frees up memory occupied by objects that are " "no longer in use." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "generics: \n" "A feature that allows writing code with placeholders for types, enabling " "code reuse with different data types." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "immutable: \n" "Unable to be changed after creation." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "integration test: \n" "A type of test that verifies the interactions between different parts or " "components of a system." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "keyword: \n" "A reserved word in a programming language that has a specific meaning and " "cannot be used as an identifier." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "library: \n" "A collection of precompiled routines or code that can be used by programs." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "macro: \n" "Rust macros can be recognized by a `!` in the name. Macros are used when " "normal functions are not enough. A typical example is `format!`, which takes " "a variable number of arguments, which isn't supported by Rust functions." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "`main` function: \n" "Rust programs start executing with the `main` function." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "match: \n" "A control flow construct in Rust that allows for pattern matching on the " "value of an expression." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "memory leak: \n" "A situation where a program fails to release memory that is no longer " "needed, leading to a gradual increase in memory usage." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "method: \n" "A function associated with an object or a type in Rust." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "module: \n" "A namespace that contains definitions, such as functions, types, or traits, " "to organize code in Rust." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "move: \n" "The transfer of ownership of a value from one variable to another in Rust." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "mutable: \n" "A property in Rust that allows variables to be modified after they have been " "declared." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "ownership: \n" "The concept in Rust that defines which part of the code is responsible for " "managing the memory associated with a value." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "panic: \n" "An unrecoverable error condition in Rust that results in the termination of " "the program." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "parameter: \n" "A value that is passed into a function or method when it is called." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "pattern: \n" "A combination of values, literals, or structures that can be matched against " "an expression in Rust." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "payload: \n" "The data or information carried by a message, event, or data structure." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "program: \n" "A set of instructions that a computer can execute to perform a specific task " "or solve a particular problem." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "programming language: \n" "A formal system used to communicate instructions to a computer, such as Rust." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "receiver: \n" "The first parameter in a Rust method that represents the instance on which " "the method is called." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "reference counting: \n" "A memory management technique in which the number of references to an object " "is tracked, and the object is deallocated when the count reaches zero." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "return: \n" "A keyword in Rust used to indicate the value to be returned from a function." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "Rust: \n" "A systems programming language that focuses on safety, performance, and " "concurrency." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "Rust Fundamentals: \n" "Days 1 to 3 of this course." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "Rust in Android: \n" "See [Rust in Android](android.md)." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "Rust in Chromium: \n" "See [Rust in Chromium](chromium.md)." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "safe: \n" "Refers to code that adheres to Rust's ownership and borrowing rules, " "preventing memory-related errors." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "scope: \n" "The region of a program where a variable is valid and can be used." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "standard library: \n" "A collection of modules providing essential functionality in Rust." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "static: \n" "A keyword in Rust used to define static variables or items with a `'static` " "lifetime." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "string: \n" "A data type storing textual data. See [`String` vs `str`](basic-syntax/" "string-slices.html) for more." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "struct: \n" "A composite data type in Rust that groups together variables of different " "types under a single name." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "test: \n" "A Rust module containing functions that test the correctness of other " "functions." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "thread: \n" "A separate sequence of execution in a program, allowing concurrent execution." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "thread safety: \n" "The property of a program that ensures correct behavior in a multithreaded " "environment." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "trait: \n" "A collection of methods defined for an unknown type, providing a way to " "achieve polymorphism in Rust." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "trait bound: \n" "An abstraction where you can require types to implement some traits of your " "interest." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "tuple: \n" "A composite data type that contains variables of different types. Tuple " "fields have no names, and are accessed by their ordinal numbers." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "type: \n" "A classification that specifies which operations can be performed on values " "of a particular kind in Rust." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "type inference: \n" "The ability of the Rust compiler to deduce the type of a variable or " "expression." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "undefined behavior: \n" "Actions or conditions in Rust that have no specified result, often leading " "to unpredictable program behavior." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "union: \n" "A data type that can hold values of different types but only one at a time." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "unit test: \n" "Rust comes with built-in support for running small unit tests and larger " "integration tests. See [Unit Tests](testing/unit-tests.html)." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "unit type: \n" "Type that holds no data, written as a tuple with no members." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "unsafe: \n" "The subset of Rust which allows you to trigger _undefined behavior_. See " "[Unsafe Rust](unsafe.html)." msgstr "" #: src/glossary.md msgid "" "variable: \n" "A memory location storing data. Variables are valid in a _scope_." msgstr "" #: src/other-resources.md msgid "Other Rust Resources" msgstr "Inne źródła o Ruście" #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The Rust community has created a wealth of high-quality and free resources " "online." msgstr "" "Społeczność Rust stworzyła bogactwo wysokiej jakości i bezpłatnych zasobów " "online." #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "Official Documentation" msgstr "Oficjalna dokumentacja" #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "The Rust project hosts many resources. These cover Rust in general:" msgstr "Projekt Rust zawiera wiele zasobów. Obejmują one ogólnie Rusta:" #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[The Rust Programming Language](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/): the " "canonical free book about Rust. Covers the language in detail and includes a " "few projects for people to build." msgstr "" "[Język programowania Rust](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/): the kanoniczna " "darmowa książka o Rust. Szczegółowo omawia język i zawiera m.in kilka " "projektów dla ludzi do zbudowania." #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[Rust By Example](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/): covers the " "Rust syntax via a series of examples which showcase different constructs. " "Sometimes includes small exercises where you are asked to expand on the code " "in the examples." msgstr "" "[Rust By Example](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/): obejmuje Rust " "składni za pomocą serii przykładów prezentujących różne konstrukcje. Czasami " "zawiera małe ćwiczenia, w których jesteś proszony o rozwinięcie kodu w " "przykłady." #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[Rust Standard Library](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/): full documentation " "of the standard library for Rust." msgstr "" "[Biblioteka standardowa Rust](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/): pełna " "dokumentacja standardowa biblioteka dla Rusta." #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[The Rust Reference](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/): an incomplete " "book which describes the Rust grammar and memory model." msgstr "" "[The Rust Reference](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/): niekompletna " "książka który opisuje gramatykę i model pamięci Rusta." #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "More specialized guides hosted on the official Rust site:" msgstr "" "Bardziej wyspecjalizowane przewodniki dostępne na oficjalnej stronie Rusta:" #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[The Rustonomicon](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/): covers unsafe Rust, " "including working with raw pointers and interfacing with other languages " "(FFI)." msgstr "" "[The Rustonomicon](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/): obejmuje " "niebezpieczną Rust, w tym praca z surowymi wskaźnikami i łączenie z innymi " "językami (FFI)." #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[Asynchronous Programming in Rust](https://rust-lang.github.io/async-book/): " "covers the new asynchronous programming model which was introduced after the " "Rust Book was written." msgstr "" "[Programowanie asynchroniczne w Rust](https://rust-lang.github.io/async-" "book/): obejmuje nowy model programowania asynchronicznego, który został " "wprowadzony po Księga rdzy została napisana." #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[The Embedded Rust Book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/embedded-book/): " "an introduction to using Rust on embedded devices without an operating " "system." msgstr "" "[The Embedded Rust Book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/embedded-book/): " "wprowadzenie do używania Rusta na urządzeniach wbudowanych bez systemu " "operacyjnego." #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "Unofficial Learning Material" msgstr "Nieoficjalny materiał do nauki" #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "A small selection of other guides and tutorial for Rust:" msgstr "Niewielki wybór innych przewodników i samouczków dotyczących Rusta:" #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[Learn Rust the Dangerous Way](http://cliffle.com/p/dangerust/): covers Rust " "from the perspective of low-level C programmers." msgstr "" "[Learn Rust the Dangerous Way](http://cliffle.com/p/dangerust/): obejmuje " "Rust z perspektywy niskopoziomowych programistów C." #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[Rust for Embedded C Programmers](https://docs.opentitan.org/doc/ug/" "rust_for_c/): covers Rust from the perspective of developers who write " "firmware in C." msgstr "" "[Rdza dla wbudowanego C Programiści](https://docs.opentitan.org/doc/ug/" "rust_for_c/): obejmuje Rusta z perspektywa programistów, którzy piszą " "firmware w C." #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[Rust for professionals](https://overexact.com/rust-for-professionals/): " "covers the syntax of Rust using side-by-side comparisons with other " "languages such as C, C++, Java, JavaScript, and Python." msgstr "" "[Rdza dla profesjonalistów](https://overexact.com/rust-for-professionals/): " "obejmuje składnię języka Rust przy użyciu porównań side-by-side z innymi " "językami takich jak C, C++, Java, JavaScript i Python." #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[Rust on Exercism](https://exercism.org/tracks/rust): 100+ exercises to help " "you learn Rust." msgstr "" "[Rust on Exercism](https://exercism.org/tracks/rust): ponad 100 ćwiczeń, " "które pomogą uczysz się Rusta." #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[Ferrous Teaching Material](https://ferrous-systems.github.io/teaching-" "material/index.html): a series of small presentations covering both basic " "and advanced part of the Rust language. Other topics such as WebAssembly, " "and async/await are also covered." msgstr "" "[Żelazne nauczanie Materiał](https://ferrous-systems.github.io/teaching-" "material/index.html): a seria małych prezentacji obejmujących zarówno " "podstawową, jak i zaawansowaną część Język rdzy. Inne tematy, takie jak " "WebAssembly i asynchronizacja/oczekiwanie, również są pokryty." #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[Beginner's Series to Rust](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/shows/beginners-" "series-to-rust/) and [Take your first steps with Rust](https://docs." "microsoft.com/en-us/learn/paths/rust-first-steps/): two Rust guides aimed at " "new developers. The first is a set of 35 videos and the second is a set of " "11 modules which covers Rust syntax and basic constructs." msgstr "" "[Seria dla początkujących do Rust](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/shows/" "beginners-series-to-rust/) i [Zrób swoje pierwsze kroki z Rust](https://docs." "microsoft.com/en-us/learn/paths/rust-first-steps/): dwa Przewodniki Rust " "skierowane do nowych programistów. Pierwszy to zestaw 35 filmów i drugi to " "zestaw 11 modułów, który obejmuje składnię i podstawowe konstrukcje Rusta." #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "[Learn Rust With Entirely Too Many Linked Lists](https://rust-unofficial." "github.io/too-many-lists/): in-depth exploration of Rust's memory management " "rules, through implementing a few different types of list structures." msgstr "" "[Naucz się Rust z całkowicie zbyt wieloma linkami Listy](https://rust-" "unofficial.github.io/too-many-lists/): szczegółowe eksploracja reguł " "zarządzania pamięcią Rust, poprzez implementację kilku różne rodzaje " "struktur list." #: src/other-resources.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Please see the [Little Book of Rust Books](https://lborb.github.io/book/) " "for even more Rust books." msgstr "" "Proszę zapoznać się z [Little Book of Rust Books](https://lborb.github.io/" "book/) jeszcze więcej książek Rust." #: src/credits.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The material here builds on top of the many great sources of Rust " "documentation. See the page on [other resources](other-resources.md) for a " "full list of useful resources." msgstr "" "Materiał tutaj opiera się na wielu wspaniałych źródłach dokumentacji Rusta. " "Zobacz stronę [inne zasoby](other-resources.md), aby uzyskać pełną listę " "przydatnych zasoby." #: src/credits.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The material of Comprehensive Rust is licensed under the terms of the Apache " "2.0 license, please see [`LICENSE`](https://github.com/google/comprehensive-" "rust/blob/main/LICENSE) for details." msgstr "" "Materiał Comprehensive Rust jest objęty licencją na warunkach Apache 2.0 " "licencji, zobacz [`LICENCJA`](../LICENCJA), aby uzyskać szczegółowe " "informacje." #: src/credits.md #, fuzzy msgid "Rust by Example" msgstr "Rust by Example" #: src/credits.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Some examples and exercises have been copied and adapted from [Rust by " "Example](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/). Please see the " "`third_party/rust-by-example/` directory for details, including the license " "terms." msgstr "" "Niektóre przykłady i ćwiczenia zostały skopiowane i zaadaptowane z [Rust by " "Przykład](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/). Proszę zobaczyć " "Katalog `third_party/rust-by-example/` zawiera szczegółowe informacje, w tym " "licencję warunki." #: src/credits.md #, fuzzy msgid "Rust on Exercism" msgstr "Rust on Exercism" #: src/credits.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "Some exercises have been copied and adapted from [Rust on Exercism](https://" "exercism.org/tracks/rust). Please see the `third_party/rust-on-exercism/` " "directory for details, including the license terms." msgstr "" "Niektóre ćwiczenia zostały skopiowane i zaadaptowane z [Rust on ćwiczenia]" "(https://exercism.org/tracks/rust). Proszę zobaczyć `third_party/rust-on-" "exercism/`, aby uzyskać szczegółowe informacje, w tym licencję warunki." #: src/credits.md #, fuzzy msgid "CXX" msgstr "CXX" #: src/credits.md #, fuzzy msgid "" "The [Interoperability with C++](android/interoperability/cpp.md) section " "uses an image from [CXX](https://cxx.rs/). Please see the `third_party/cxx/` " "directory for details, including the license terms." msgstr "" "Sekcja [Interoperability with C++](android/interoperability/cpp.md) " "wykorzystuje plik obraz z [CXX](https://cxx.rs/). Zapoznaj się z katalogiem " "`third_party/cxx/` aby uzyskać szczegółowe informacje, w tym warunki " "licencji." #~ msgid "Small Example" #~ msgstr "Mały przykład" #~ msgid "Why Rust?" #~ msgstr "Dlaczego Rust?" #~ msgid "Compile Time Guarantees" #~ msgstr "Gwarancje w czasie kompilacji" #~ msgid "Runtime Guarantees" #~ msgstr "Gwarancje podczas działania" #~ msgid "Modern Features" #~ msgstr "Nowoczesne funkcjonalności" #~ msgid "Basic Syntax" #~ msgstr "Podstawowa składnia" #~ msgid "String vs str" #~ msgstr "String a str" #~ msgid "Overloading" #~ msgstr "Przeciążenie" #~ msgid "Arrays and for Loops" #~ msgstr "Tablice i pętle for" #~ msgid "if expressions" #~ msgstr "Wyrażenia if" #~ msgid "for expressions" #~ msgstr "Wyrażenia for" #~ msgid "while expressions" #~ msgstr "Wyrażenia while" #~ msgid "break & continue" #~ msgstr "break i continue" #~ msgid "loop expressions" #~ msgstr "Wyrażenia loop" #~ msgid "Variant Payloads" #~ msgstr "Dane w wariantach" #~ msgid "Enum Sizes" #~ msgstr "Rozmiary wyliczeń" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Novel Control Flow" #~ msgstr "Kontrola przepływu" #~ msgid "if let expressions" #~ msgstr "Wyrażenia if let" #~ msgid "while let expressions" #~ msgstr "Wyrażenia while let" #~ msgid "match expressions" #~ msgstr "Wyrażenia match" #~ msgid "Destructuring Structs" #~ msgstr "Destrukturyzacja struktur" #~ msgid "Destructuring Arrays" #~ msgstr "Destrukturyzacja tablic" #~ msgid "Match Guards" #~ msgstr "Strażnicy w dopasowywaniu wzorców" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Pattern Matching (TBD)" #~ msgstr "Dopasowywanie wzorców" #~ msgid "Stack vs Heap" #~ msgstr "Stos a sterta" #~ msgid "Stack Memory" #~ msgstr "Pamięć stosu" #~ msgid "Manual Memory Management" #~ msgstr "Ręczne zarządzanie pamięcią" #~ msgid "Scope-Based Memory Management" #~ msgstr "Zarządzanie pamięcią w oparciu o zakres" #~ msgid "Garbage Collection" #~ msgstr "Odśmiecanie pamięci" #~ msgid "Rust Memory Management" #~ msgstr "Zarządzanie pamięcią w Ruście" #~ msgid "Comparison" #~ msgstr "Porównanie" #~ msgid "Moved Strings in Rust" #~ msgstr "Przenoszenie String w Ruście" #~ msgid "Moves in Function Calls" #~ msgstr "Przenoszenie w wywołaniach funkcji" #~ msgid "Copying and Cloning" #~ msgstr "Kopiowanie i klonowanie" #~ msgid "Shared and Unique Borrows" #~ msgstr "Wspólne i unikalne pożyczenia" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Storing Books" #~ msgstr "Łańcuchy znaków" #~ msgid "Iterators and Ownership" #~ msgstr "Iteratory a własność" #~ msgid "Field Shorthand Syntax" #~ msgstr "Skrócona składnia pola" #~ msgid "Method Receiver" #~ msgstr "Składnia metody" #~ msgid "Option and Result" #~ msgstr "Option i Result" #~ msgid "Vec" #~ msgstr "Vec" #~ msgid "HashMap" #~ msgstr "HashMap" #~ msgid "Box" #~ msgstr "Box" #~ msgid "Recursive Data Types" #~ msgstr "Rekurencyjne typy danych" #~ msgid "Rc" #~ msgstr "Rc" #~ msgid "Strings and Iterators" #~ msgstr "Łańcuchy i iteratory" #~ msgid "Generic Methods" #~ msgstr "Metody generyczne" #~ msgid "Monomorphization" #~ msgstr "Monomorfizacja" #~ msgid "Default Methods" #~ msgstr "Metody domyślne" #~ msgid "impl Trait" #~ msgstr "Składnia impl Cecha" #~ msgid "Important Traits" #~ msgstr "Ważne cechy" #~ msgid "From and Into" #~ msgstr "From i Into" #~ msgid "Default" #~ msgstr "Default" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Operators: Add, Mul, ..." #~ msgstr "Add, Mul, ..." #~ msgid "A Simple GUI Library" #~ msgstr "Prosta biblioteka GUI" #~ msgid "Points and Polygons" #~ msgstr "Punkty i wielokąty" #~ msgid "Catching Stack Unwinding" #~ msgstr "Łapanie rozwinięcia stosu" #~ msgid "Structured Error Handling" #~ msgstr "Strukturalna obsługa błędów" #~ msgid "Propagating Errors with ?" #~ msgstr "Propagowanie błędów za pomocą ?" #~ msgid "Converting Error Types" #~ msgstr "Konwersja typów błędów" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Deriving Error Enums" #~ msgstr "Wyprowadzanie wyliczeń błędów" #~ msgid "Adding Context to Errors" #~ msgstr "Dodawanie kontekstu do błędów" #~ msgid "Send and Sync" #~ msgstr "Send i Sync" #~ msgid "Send" #~ msgstr "Send" #~ msgid "Sync" #~ msgstr "Sync" #~ msgid "Arc" #~ msgstr "Arc" #~ msgid "Mutex" #~ msgstr "Mutex" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Pin" #~ msgstr " Punkt" #~ msgid "Day 1 Morning" #~ msgstr "Dzień 1 Rano" #~ msgid "Day 1 Afternoon" #~ msgstr "Dzień 1 Popołudnie" #~ msgid "Day 2 Morning" #~ msgstr "Dzień 2 Rano" #~ msgid "Day 2 Afternoon" #~ msgstr "Dzień 2 Popołudnie" #~ msgid "Day 3 Morning" #~ msgstr "Dzień 3 Rano" #~ msgid "Day 3 Afternoon" #~ msgstr "Dzień 3 Popołudnie" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Concurrency Morning" #~ msgstr "Współbieżność" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Concurrency Afternoon" #~ msgstr "Współbieżność" #~ msgid "The course is fast paced and covers a lot of ground:" #~ msgstr "Kurs jest prowadzony w szybkim tempie i obejmuje dużo materiału:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Day 2: Memory management, ownership, compound data types, and the " #~ "standard library." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Dzień 2: Typy danych złożonych, dopasowywanie wzorców, biblioteka " #~ "standardowa." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Day 3: Generics, traits, error handling, testing, and unsafe Rust." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Dzień 3: Cechy i uogólnienia, obsługa błędów, testowanie, niebezpieczny " #~ "Rust." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```shell\n" #~ "sudo apt install cargo rust-src rustfmt\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```shell\n" #~ "$ sudo apt install cargo rust-src rustfmt\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "We suggest using [VS Code](https://code.visualstudio.com/) to edit the " #~ "code (but any LSP compatible editor works with rust-analyzer[3](https://" #~ "rust-analyzer.github.io/))." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Umożliwi to narzędziu [rust-analyzer](https://rust-analyzer.github.io/) " #~ "przechodzenie do definicji. Sugerujemy użycie [VS Code](https://code." #~ "visualstudio.com/), aby edytować kod (ale działa każdy edytor " #~ "kompatybilny z LSP)." #~ msgid "" #~ "Some folks also like to use the [JetBrains](https://www.jetbrains.com/" #~ "clion/) family of IDEs, which do their own analysis but have their own " #~ "tradeoffs. If you prefer them, you can install the [Rust Plugin](https://" #~ "www.jetbrains.com/rust/). Please take note that as of January 2023 " #~ "debugging only works on the CLion version of the JetBrains IDEA suite." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Niektórzy ludzie lubią również korzystać z rodziny IDE [JetBrains]" #~ "(https://www.jetbrains.com/clion/), które wykonują własne analizy, ale " #~ "mają własne kompromisy. Jeśli wolisz je, możesz zainstalować [wtyczkę " #~ "Rusta](https://www.jetbrains.com/rust/). Należy pamiętać, że od stycznia " #~ "2023 r. debugowanie działa tylko w wersji CLion pakietu JetBrains IDEA." #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " println!(\"Edit me!\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " println!(\"Zmień mnie!\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```shell\n" #~ "% rustc --version\n" #~ "rustc 1.69.0 (84c898d65 2023-04-16)\n" #~ "% cargo --version\n" #~ "cargo 1.69.0 (6e9a83356 2023-04-12)\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```shell\n" #~ "% rustc --version\n" #~ "rustc 1.61.0 (fe5b13d68 2022-05-18)\n" #~ "% cargo --version\n" #~ "cargo 1.61.0 (a028ae4 2022-04-29)\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```shell\n" #~ "$ cargo new exercise\n" #~ " Created binary (application) `exercise` package\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "```shell\n" #~ "$ cargo new exercise\n" #~ " Created binary (application) `exercise` package\n" #~ "```\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```shell\n" #~ "$ cd exercise\n" #~ "$ cargo run\n" #~ " Compiling exercise v0.1.0 (/home/mgeisler/tmp/exercise)\n" #~ " Finished dev [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.75s\n" #~ " Running `target/debug/exercise`\n" #~ "Hello, world!\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "```shell\n" #~ "$ cd exercise\n" #~ "$ cargo run\n" #~ " Compiling exercise v0.1.0 (/home/mgeisler/tmp/exercise)\n" #~ " Finished dev [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.75s\n" #~ " Running `target/debug/exercise`\n" #~ "Hello, world!\n" #~ "```\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " println!(\"Edit me!\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " println!(\"Zmień mnie!\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```shell\n" #~ "$ cargo run\n" #~ " Compiling exercise v0.1.0 (/home/mgeisler/tmp/exercise)\n" #~ " Finished dev [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.24s\n" #~ " Running `target/debug/exercise`\n" #~ "Edit me!\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "```shell\n" #~ "$ cargo run\n" #~ " Compiling exercise v0.1.0 (/home/mgeisler/tmp/exercise)\n" #~ " Finished dev [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.24s\n" #~ " Running `target/debug/exercise`\n" #~ "Zmień mnie!\n" #~ "```\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Control flow constructs: `if`, `if let`, `while`, `while let`, `break`, " #~ "and `continue`." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Konstrukcje przepływu sterowania: `if`, `if let`, `while`, `while let`, " #~ "`break` i `kontynuuj`." #~ msgid "" #~ "The idea for the first day is to show _just enough_ of Rust to be able to " #~ "speak about the famous borrow checker. The way Rust handles memory is a " #~ "major feature and we should show students this right away." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Ideą pierwszego dnia jest pokazanie _tylko tyle_ Rusta, żeby móc mówić o " #~ "słynnym nadzorcu pożyczania. Sposób, w jaki Rust obsługuje pamięć, jest " #~ "jego główną cechą i powinniśmy od razu pokazać to uczniom." #~ msgid "" #~ "If you're teaching this in a classroom, this is a good place to go over " #~ "the schedule. We suggest splitting the day into two parts (following the " #~ "slides):" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Jeśli uczysz tego w klasie, jest to dobre miejsce do przejrzenia " #~ "harmonogramu. Proponujemy podzielić dzień na dwie części (według slajdów):" #~ msgid "Morning: 9:00 to 12:00," #~ msgstr "Rano: od 9:00 do 12:00," #~ msgid "Afternoon: 13:00 to 16:00." #~ msgstr "Po południu: od 13:00 do 16:00." #~ msgid "" #~ "You can of course adjust this as necessary. Please make sure to include " #~ "breaks, we recommend a break every hour!" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Można to oczywiście dostosować w razie potrzeby. Proszę uwzględnić " #~ "przerwy, zalecamy przerwę co godzinę!" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " println!(\"Hello 🌍!\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " println!(\"Witaj 🌍!\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "Here is a small example program in Rust:" #~ msgstr "Oto mały przykładowy program w Ruście:" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() { // Program entry point\n" #~ " let mut x: i32 = 6; // Mutable variable binding\n" #~ " print!(\"{x}\"); // Macro for printing, like printf\n" #~ " while x != 1 { // No parenthesis around expression\n" #~ " if x % 2 == 0 { // Math like in other languages\n" #~ " x = x / 2;\n" #~ " } else {\n" #~ " x = 3 * x + 1;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " print!(\" -> {x}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " println!();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() { // Punkt wejścia do programu\n" #~ " let mut x: i32 = 6; // Zmienna mutowalna\n" #~ " print!(\"{x}\"); // Makro do wypisywania tekstu, jak printf\n" #~ " while x != 1 { // Wyrażenie bez nawiasów\n" #~ " if x % 2 == 0 { // Obliczenia jak w innych językach\n" #~ " x = x / 2;\n" #~ " } else {\n" #~ " x = 3 * x + 1;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " print!(\" -> {x}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " println!();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "The code implements the Collatz conjecture: it is believed that the loop " #~ "will always end, but this is not yet proved. Edit the code and play with " #~ "different inputs." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Kod implementuje hipotezę Collatza: uważa się, że pętla zawsze się " #~ "kończy, ale nie zostało to jeszcze udowodnione. Edytuj kod i baw się " #~ "różnymi danymi wejściowymi." #~ msgid "" #~ "Explain that all variables are statically typed. Try removing `i32` to " #~ "trigger type inference. Try with `i8` instead and trigger a runtime " #~ "integer overflow." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Wyjaśnij, że wszystkie zmienne są typowane statycznie. Spróbuj usunąć " #~ "`i32`, aby uruchomić wnioskowanie typu. Zamiast tego spróbuj z `i8` i " #~ "wywołaj przepełnienie liczby całkowitej w czasie wykonywania." #~ msgid "Change `let mut x` to `let x`, discuss the compiler error." #~ msgstr "Zmień `let mut x` na `let x`, omów błąd kompilatora." #~ msgid "" #~ "Show how `print!` gives a compilation error if the arguments don't match " #~ "the format string." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Pokaż, jak `print!` daje błąd kompilacji, jeśli argumenty nie pasują do " #~ "łańcucha formatującego." #~ msgid "" #~ "Show how you need to use `{}` as a placeholder if you want to print an " #~ "expression which is more complex than just a single variable." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Pokaż, że musisz użyć `{}` jako symbolu zastępczego, jeśli chcesz " #~ "wypisać wyrażenie, które jest bardziej złożone niż tylko pojedyncza " #~ "zmienna." #~ msgid "" #~ "Show the students the standard library, show them how to search for `std::" #~ "fmt` which has the rules of the formatting mini-language. It's important " #~ "that the students become familiar with searching in the standard library." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Pokaż uczniom standardową bibliotekę, pokaż im, jak szukać `std::fmt` " #~ "który ma zasady mini-języka formatowania. Ważne jest, aby studenci " #~ "zapoznają się z wyszukiwaniem w bibliotece standardowej." #~ msgid "Compile time memory safety." #~ msgstr "Bezpieczeństwo pamięci w czasie kompilacji." #~ msgid "Lack of undefined runtime behavior." #~ msgstr "Brak niezdefiniowanego zachowania w czasie wykonywania." #~ msgid "Modern language features." #~ msgstr "Nowoczesne funkcje językowe." #~ msgid "Static memory management at compile time:" #~ msgstr "Statyczne zarządzanie pamięcią w czasie kompilacji:" #~ msgid "No memory leaks (_mostly_, see notes)." #~ msgstr "Brak wycieków pamięci (_głównie_, patrz uwagi)." #~ msgid "" #~ "It is possible to produce memory leaks in (safe) Rust. Some examples are:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Możliwe jest generowanie wycieków pamięci w (bezpiecznym) Ruście. Kilka " #~ "przykładów:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "You can use [`Box::leak`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/boxed/struct.Box." #~ "html#method.leak) to leak a pointer. A use of this could be to get " #~ "runtime-initialized and runtime-sized static variables" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Możesz użyć [`Box::leak`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/boxed/struct.Box." #~ "html#method.leak) do wycieku wskaźnika. Można to wykorzystać, aby uzyskać " #~ "zmienne statyczne inicjowane w czasie wykonywania i o rozmiarze czasu " #~ "wykonywania" #~ msgid "" #~ "You can use [`std::mem::forget`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/mem/fn." #~ "forget.html) to make the compiler \"forget\" about a value (meaning the " #~ "destructor is never run)." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Możesz użyć [`std::mem::forget`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/mem/fn." #~ "forget.html), aby kompilator „zapomniał” o wartości (co oznacza, że " #~ "destruktor nigdy nie jest uruchamiany)." #~ msgid "" #~ "You can also accidentally create a [reference cycle](https://doc.rust-" #~ "lang.org/book/ch15-06-reference-cycles.html) with `Rc` or `Arc`." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Możesz także przypadkowo utworzyć [cykl referencyjny](http://rust.w8.pl/" #~ "book/ch15-06-reference-cycles.html) za pomocą `Rc` lub `Arc`." #~ msgid "" #~ "In fact, some will consider infinitely populating a collection a memory " #~ "leak and Rust does not protect from those." #~ msgstr "" #~ "W rzeczywistości niektórzy uznają zapełnianie kolekcji w nieskończoność " #~ "za wyciek pamięci, a Rust nie chroni przed nimi." #~ msgid "" #~ "For the purpose of this course, \"No memory leaks\" should be understood " #~ "as \"Pretty much no _accidental_ memory leaks\"." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Na potrzeby tego kursu należy rozumieć „Brak wycieków pamięci”. jako " #~ "„Prawie nie ma _przypadkowych_ wycieków pamięci”." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Integer overflow is defined via the [`overflow-checks`](https://doc.rust-" #~ "lang.org/rustc/codegen-options/index.html#overflow-checks) compile-time " #~ "flag. If enabled, the program will panic (a controlled crash of the " #~ "program), otherwise you get wrap-around semantics. By default, you get " #~ "panics in debug mode (`cargo build`) and wrap-around in release mode " #~ "(`cargo build --release`)." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Przepełnienie liczb całkowitych jest definiowane za pomocą flagi czasu " #~ "kompilacji. Opcje to panika (kontrolowana awaria programu) lub zawijanie. " #~ "Domyślnie to panika w trybie debugowania (`cargo build`) i zawijanie w " #~ "trybie produkcyjnym (`cargo build --release`)." #~ msgid "" #~ "Bounds checking cannot be disabled with a compiler flag. It can also not " #~ "be disabled directly with the `unsafe` keyword. However, `unsafe` allows " #~ "you to call functions such as `slice::get_unchecked` which does not do " #~ "bounds checking." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Sprawdzania granic nie można wyłączyć za pomocą flagi kompilatora. Nie " #~ "może też wyłączyć go bezpośrednio za pomocą słowa kluczowego `unsafe`. " #~ "Jednakże, `unsafe` pozwala na wywołanie funkcji takich jak `slice::" #~ "get_unchecked`, które nie sprawdzają granic." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Rust is built with all the experience gained in the last decades." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Rust jest zbudowany z całym doświadczeniem zdobytym w ciągu ostatnich 40 " #~ "lat." #~ msgid "Language Features" #~ msgstr "Funkcje języka" #~ msgid "Tooling" #~ msgstr "Narzędzia" #~ msgid "" #~ "Zero-cost abstractions, similar to C++, means that you don't have to " #~ "'pay' for higher-level programming constructs with memory or CPU. For " #~ "example, writing a loop using `for` should result in roughly the same low " #~ "level instructions as using the `.iter().fold()` construct." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Abstrakcje o zerowych kosztach, podobne do C++, oznaczają, że nie musisz " #~ "„płacić” za konstrukcje programistyczne wyższego poziomu pamięcią lub " #~ "procesorem. Na przykład, pisanie pętli przy użyciu `for` powinno dać w " #~ "przybliżeniu te same instrukcje niskiego poziomu jak przy użyciu " #~ "konstrukcji `.iter().fold()`." #~ msgid "" #~ "It may be worth mentioning that Rust enums are 'Algebraic Data Types', " #~ "also known as 'sum types', which allow the type system to express things " #~ "like `Option` and `Result`." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Warto wspomnieć, że wyliczenia w Rust również są „algebraicznymi typami " #~ "danych”, które pozwalają systemowi typów wyrażać takie rzeczy jak " #~ "`Option` i `Result`." #~ msgid "" #~ "Remind people to read the errors --- many developers have gotten used to " #~ "ignore lengthy compiler output. The Rust compiler is significantly more " #~ "talkative than other compilers. It will often provide you with " #~ "_actionable_ feedback, ready to copy-paste into your code." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Przypomnij ludziom, aby przeczytali błędy --- wielu programistów " #~ "przyzwyczaiło się do ignorowanie długich danych wyjściowych kompilatora. " #~ "Kompilator Rusta jest znacznie bardziej rozmowny niż inne kompilatory. " #~ "Często da ci _użyteczne_ podpowiedzi, gotowe do skopiowania i wklejenia " #~ "do kodu." #~ msgid "" #~ "The Rust standard library is small compared to languages like Java, " #~ "Python, and Go. Rust does not come with several things you might consider " #~ "standard and essential:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Standardowa biblioteka Rusta jest niewielka w porównaniu z językami " #~ "takimi jak Java, Python, i Go. Rust nie zawiera kilku rzeczy, które można " #~ "by uznać za standardowe i niezbędne:" #~ msgid "a random number generator, but see [rand](https://docs.rs/rand/)." #~ msgstr "generator liczb losowych, ale patrz [rand](https://docs.rs/rand/)." #~ msgid "support for SSL or TLS, but see [rusttls](https://docs.rs/rustls/)." #~ msgstr "" #~ "wsparcie dla SSL lub TLS, ale zobacz [rusttls](https://docs.rs/rustls/)." #~ msgid "support for JSON, but see [serde_json](https://docs.rs/serde_json/)." #~ msgstr "" #~ "wsparcie dla JSON, ale zobacz [serde_json](https://docs.rs/serde_json/)." #~ msgid "" #~ "The reasoning behind this is that functionality in the standard library " #~ "cannot go away, so it has to be very stable. For the examples above, the " #~ "Rust community is still working on finding the best solution --- and " #~ "perhaps there isn't a single \"best solution\" for some of these things." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Powodem tego jest to, że funkcjonalność w bibliotece standardowej nie " #~ "może odejść, więc musi być bardzo stabilna. Dla powyższych przykładów " #~ "społeczność Rusta wciąż pracuje nad znalezieniem najlepszego rozwiązania " #~ "--- i być może nie ma jednego „najlepszego rozwiązania” dla niektórych z " #~ "tych rzeczy." #~ msgid "" #~ "Rust comes with a built-in package manager in the form of Cargo and this " #~ "makes it trivial to download and compile third-party crates. A " #~ "consequence of this is that the standard library can be smaller." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Rust ma wbudowanego menedżera pakietów w postaci Cargo i to sprawia, że " #~ "pobieranie i kompilowanie zewnętrznych pakietów jest trywialne. " #~ "Konsekwencją tego jest to, że standardowa biblioteka może być mniejsza." #~ msgid "" #~ "Discovering good third-party crates can be a problem. Sites like help with this by letting you compare health metrics for crates " #~ "to find a good and trusted one." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Odkrywanie dobrych skrzynek może być problemem. Witryny takie jak " #~ " w tym pomagają, umożliwiając porównanie wskaźników " #~ "kondycji skrzynki, aby znaleźć te dobre i zaufane." #~ msgid "" #~ "[rust-analyzer](https://rust-analyzer.github.io/) is a well supported LSP " #~ "implementation used in major IDEs and text editors." #~ msgstr "" #~ "[rust-analyzer](https://rust-analyzer.github.io/) to dobrze obsługiwana " #~ "implementacja LSP używana w głównych IDE i edytorach tekstu." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "`\"foo\"`, `\"two\\nlines\"`" #~ msgstr "`\"foo\"`, `r#\"\\\\\"#`" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " println!(r#\"link\"#);\n" #~ " println!(\"link\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let a = 10;\n" #~ " println!(\"przedtem: {a}\");\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " println!(\"{:?}\", b\"abc\");\n" #~ " println!(\"{:?}\", &[97, 98, 99]);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let x = 42;\n" #~ " let y = x;\n" #~ " println!(\"x: {x}\");\n" #~ " println!(\"y: {y}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut a: [i8; 10] = [42; 10];\n" #~ " a[5] = 0;\n" #~ " println!(\"a: {:?}\", a);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut a: [i8; 10] = [42; 10];\n" #~ " a[5] = 0;\n" #~ " println!(\"a: {:?}\", a);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let t: (i8, bool) = (7, true);\n" #~ " println!(\"1st index: {}\", t.0);\n" #~ " println!(\"2nd index: {}\", t.1);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let t: (i8, bool) = (7, true);\n" #~ " println!(\"Pierwszy element: {}\", t.0);\n" #~ " println!(\"Drugi element: {}\", t.1);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "Like C++, Rust has references:" #~ msgstr "Podobnie jak C++, Rust ma referencje:" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut x: i32 = 10;\n" #~ " let ref_x: &mut i32 = &mut x;\n" #~ " *ref_x = 20;\n" #~ " println!(\"x: {x}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut x: i32 = 10;\n" #~ " let ref_x: &mut i32 = &mut x;\n" #~ " *ref_x = 20;\n" #~ " println!(\"x: {x}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "We must dereference `ref_x` when assigning to it, similar to C and C++ " #~ "pointers." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Podczas przypisywania musimy wyłuskać referencję `ref_x`, podobnie jak w " #~ "przypadku wskaźników C i C++." #~ msgid "" #~ "References that are declared as `mut` can be bound to different values " #~ "over their lifetime." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Referencje zadeklarowane jako `mut` mogą być powiązane z różnymi " #~ "wartościami w czasie ich istnienia." #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let ref_x: &i32;\n" #~ " {\n" #~ " let x: i32 = 10;\n" #~ " ref_x = &x;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " println!(\"ref_x: {ref_x}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let ref_x: &i32;\n" #~ " {\n" #~ " let x: i32 = 10;\n" #~ " ref_x = &x;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " println!(\"ref_x: {ref_x}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "A reference is said to \"borrow\" the value it refers to." #~ msgstr "Mówi się, że referencja „pożycza” wartość, do której się odnosi." #~ msgid "" #~ "Rust is tracking the lifetimes of all references to ensure they live long " #~ "enough." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Rust śledzi czas życia wszystkich referencji, aby zapewnić, że mają " #~ "wystarczająco długi czas życia." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut a: [i32; 6] = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60];\n" #~ " println!(\"a: {a:?}\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let s: &[i32] = &a[2..4];\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"s: {s:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let a: [i32; 6] = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60];\n" #~ " println!(\"a: {a:?}\");\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "`String` vs `str`" #~ msgstr "`String` i `str`" #~ msgid "We can now understand the two string types in Rust:" #~ msgstr "Możemy teraz zrozumieć dwa typy łańcuchów w Rust:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let s1: &str = \"World\";\n" #~ " println!(\"s1: {s1}\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut s2: String = String::from(\"Hello \");\n" #~ " println!(\"s2: {s2}\");\n" #~ " s2.push_str(s1);\n" #~ " println!(\"s2: {s2}\");\n" #~ " \n" #~ " let s3: &str = &s2[6..];\n" #~ " println!(\"s3: {s3}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "let mut s2: String = String::from(\"Witaj \");\n" #~ "println!(\"s2: {s2}\");\n" #~ "s2.push_str(s1);\n" #~ "println!(\"s2: {s2}\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ "let s3: &str = &s2[6..];\n" #~ "println!(\"s3: {s3}\");\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "You can borrow `&str` slices from `String` via `&` and optionally range " #~ "selection." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Możesz pożyczyć wycinki `&str` ze `String` za pomocą `&` i opcjonalnego " #~ "wyboru zakresu." #~ msgid "" #~ "A Rust version of the famous [FizzBuzz](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" #~ "Fizz_buzz) interview question:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Rustowa wersja słynnego pytania z rozmów o pracę [FizzBuzz](https://en." #~ "wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizz_buzz):" #~ msgid "" #~ "We refer in `main` to a function written below. Neither forward " #~ "declarations nor headers are necessary. " #~ msgstr "" #~ "W `main` odnosimy się do funkcji napisanej poniżej. Nie ma potrzeby na " #~ "deklaracje z gory lub na nagłówki. " #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The range expression in the `for` loop in `print_fizzbuzz_to()` contains " #~ "`=n`, which causes it to include the upper bound." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Wyrażenie zakresu w pętli `for` w `fizzbuzz_to()` zawiera `=n`, powoduje " #~ "to zawarcie górnego zakresu." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "/// Determine whether the first argument is divisible by the second " #~ "argument.\n" #~ "///\n" #~ "/// If the second argument is zero, the result is false.\n" #~ "fn is_divisible_by(lhs: u32, rhs: u32) -> bool {\n" #~ " if rhs == 0 {\n" #~ " return false; // Corner case, early return\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " lhs % rhs == 0 // The last expression in a block is the return " #~ "value\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn is_divisible_by(lhs: u32, rhs: u32) -> bool { if rhs == 0 { return " #~ "false; // Szczególny przypadek, wczesne wyjście } lhs % rhs == 0 // " #~ "Ostatnie wyrażenie w bloku to zwracana wartość }" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Methods are functions associated with a type. The `self` argument of a " #~ "method is an instance of the type it is associated with:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Rust ma metody, są to po prostu funkcje powiązane z określonym typem. " #~ "Pierwszy argument metody jest instancją typu, z którym jest powiązana:" #~ msgid "" #~ "We will look much more at methods in today's exercise and in tomorrow's " #~ "class." #~ msgstr "" #~ "W dzisiejszym ćwiczeniu i na jutrzejszych zajęciach przyjrzymy się " #~ "metodom znacznie dokładniej." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "fn new(width: u32, height: u32) -> Rectangle {\n" #~ " Rectangle { width, height }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "fn multiply(x: i16, y: i16) -> i16 {\n" #~ " x * y\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "Function Overloading" #~ msgstr "Przeciążanie funkcji" #~ msgid "Overloading is not supported:" #~ msgstr "Przeciążanie nie jest obsługiwane:" #~ msgid "Always takes a fixed number of parameters." #~ msgstr "Zawsze przyjmuje stałą liczbę parametrów." #~ msgid "Default values are not supported:" #~ msgstr "Wartości domyślne nie są obsługiwane:" #~ msgid "All call sites have the same number of arguments." #~ msgstr "Wszystkie wywołania mają taką samą liczbę argumentów." #~ msgid "Macros are sometimes used as an alternative." #~ msgstr "Makra są czasami używane jako alternatywa." #~ msgid "However, function parameters can be generic:" #~ msgstr "Jednak parametry funkcji mogą być generyczne:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn pick_one(a: T, b: T) -> T {\n" #~ " if std::process::id() % 2 == 0 { a } else { b }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " println!(\"coin toss: {}\", pick_one(\"heads\", \"tails\"));\n" #~ " println!(\"cash prize: {}\", pick_one(500, 1000));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn main() { println!(\"rzut monetą: {}\", pick_one(\"orzeł\", " #~ "\"reszka\")); println!(\"nagroda: {}\", pick_one(500, 1000)); }" #~ msgid "" #~ "When using generics, the standard library's `Into` can provide a kind " #~ "of limited polymorphism on argument types. We will see more details in a " #~ "later section." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Podczas korzystania z typów generycznych, `Into` z biblioteki " #~ "standardowej może zapewnić pewnego rodzaju ograniczony polimorfizm typów " #~ "argumentów. Więcej szczegółów zobaczymy w dalszej części." #~ msgid "Day 1: Morning Exercises" #~ msgstr "Dzień 1: Ćwiczenia poranne" #~ msgid "In these exercises, we will explore two parts of Rust:" #~ msgstr "W tych ćwiczeniach przyjrzymy się dwóm częściom Rusta:" #~ msgid "Implicit conversions between types." #~ msgstr "Niejawne konwersje między typami." #~ msgid "Arrays and `for` loops." #~ msgstr "Tablice i pętle `for`." #~ msgid "A few things to consider while solving the exercises:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Kilka rzeczy, które należy wziąć pod uwagę podczas rozwiązywania ćwiczeń:" #~ msgid "" #~ "Use a local Rust installation, if possible. This way you can get auto-" #~ "completion in your editor. See the page about [Using Cargo](../../cargo." #~ "md) for details on installing Rust." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Jeśli to możliwe, użyj lokalnej instalacji Rusta. W ten sposób możesz " #~ "dostać autouzupełnianie w twoim edytorze. Więcej informacji o " #~ "instalowaniu Rusta znajdziesz na stronie o [Korzystaniu z Cargo](../../" #~ "cargo.md)." #~ msgid "Alternatively, use the Rust Playground." #~ msgstr "Ewentualnie skorzystaj z Rust Playground." #~ msgid "" #~ "The code snippets are not editable on purpose: the inline code snippets " #~ "lose their state if you navigate away from the page." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Fragmentów kodu celowo nie można edytować: wbudowane fragmenty kodu tracą " #~ "stan, jeśli opuścisz stronę." #~ msgid "" #~ "Rust will not automatically apply _implicit conversions_ between types " #~ "([unlike C++](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/" #~ "implicit_conversion)). You can see this in a program like this:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Rust nie zastosuje automatycznie _niejawnych konwersji_ między typami ([w " #~ "przeciwieństwie do C++](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/" #~ "implicit_conversion)). Możesz to zobaczyć w takim programie:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "fn multiply(x: i16, y: i16) -> i16 {\n" #~ " x * y\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let x: i8 = 15;\n" #~ " let y: i16 = 1000;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"{x} * {y} = {}\", multiply(x, y));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let ref_x: &i32;\n" #~ " {\n" #~ " let x: i32 = 10;\n" #~ " ref_x = &x;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " println!(\"ref_x: {ref_x}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "The Rust integer types all implement the [`From`](https://doc.rust-" #~ "lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html) and [`Into`](https://doc.rust-" #~ "lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) traits to let us convert between " #~ "them. The `From` trait has a single `from()` method and similarly, the " #~ "`Into` trait has a single `into()` method. Implementing these traits " #~ "is how a type expresses that it can be converted into another type." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Wszystkie typy całkowite w Ruście implementują cechy [`From`](https://" #~ "doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html) i [`Into`](https://doc." #~ "rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) aby umożliwić nam konwersję " #~ "między nimi. Cecha `From` ma jedną metodę `from()` i podobnie cecha " #~ "`Into` ma jedną metodę `into()`. Implementacja tych cech to wyrażenie, " #~ "w jaki sposób można przekształcić dany typ w inny typ." #~ msgid "" #~ "The standard library has an implementation of `From for i16`, which " #~ "means that we can convert a variable `x` of type `i8` to an `i16` by " #~ "calling `i16::from(x)`. Or, simpler, with `x.into()`, because `From " #~ "for i16` implementation automatically create an implementation of " #~ "`Into for i8`." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Standardowa biblioteka ma implementację `From` dla `i16`, co oznacza " #~ "że możemy zamienić zmienną `x` typu `i8` na `i16` przez wywołanie `i16::" #~ "from(x)`. Lub, prościej, za pomocę `x.into()`, ponieważ implementacja " #~ "`From` dla `i16` automatycznie tworzy implementację `Into` dla " #~ "`i8`." #~ msgid "" #~ "The same applies for your own `From` implementations for your own types, " #~ "so it is sufficient to only implement `From` to get a respective `Into` " #~ "implementation automatically." #~ msgstr "" #~ "To samo dotyczy twoich własnych implementacji `From` dla twoich własnych " #~ "typów, więc wystarczy zaimplementować tylko `From`, aby automatycznie " #~ "uzyskać odpowiednią implementację `Into`." #~ msgid "Execute the above program and look at the compiler error." #~ msgstr "Uruchom powyższy program i spójrz na błąd kompilatora." #~ msgid "Update the code above to use `into()` to do the conversion." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Zaktualizuj powyższy kod, aby użyć funkcji `into()` do przeprowadzenia " #~ "konwersji." #~ msgid "" #~ "Change the types of `x` and `y` to other things (such as `f32`, `bool`, " #~ "`i128`) to see which types you can convert to which other types. Try " #~ "converting small types to big types and the other way around. Check the " #~ "[standard library documentation](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/" #~ "trait.From.html) to see if `From` is implemented for the pairs you " #~ "check." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Zmień typy `x` i `y` na inne (takie jak `f32`, `bool`, `i128`), aby " #~ "zobaczyć, które typy można przekonwertować na inne typy. Spróbuj " #~ "konwertować małe typy na duże i na odwrót. Sprawdź [dokumentację " #~ "biblioteki standardowej](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From." #~ "html), aby zobaczyć, czy `From` jest zaimplementowane dla pary typów, " #~ "które sprawdzasz." #~ msgid "Arrays and `for` Loops" #~ msgstr "Tablice i pętle `for`" #~ msgid "We saw that an array can be declared like this:" #~ msgstr "Widzieliśmy, że tablicę można zadeklarować w następujący sposób:" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "let array = [10, 20, 30];\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "let array = [10, 20, 30];\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "You can print such an array by asking for its debug representation with " #~ "`{:?}`:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Możesz wydrukować taką tablicę, prosząc o jej reprezentację debugowania " #~ "za pomocą `{:?}`:" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let array = [10, 20, 30];\n" #~ " println!(\"array: {array:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let array = [10, 20, 30];\n" #~ " println!(\"array: {array:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "Rust lets you iterate over things like arrays and ranges using the `for` " #~ "keyword:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Rust pozwala iterować po takich rzeczach, jak tablice i zakresy, używając " #~ "słowa kluczowego `for`:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let array = [10, 20, 30];\n" #~ " print!(\"Iterating over array:\");\n" #~ " for n in &array {\n" #~ " print!(\" {n}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " println!();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " print!(\"Iterating over range:\");\n" #~ " for i in 0..3 {\n" #~ " print!(\" {}\", array[i]);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " println!();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let array = [10, 20, 30];\n" #~ " print!(\"Iterowanie po tablicy:\");\n" #~ " for n in array {\n" #~ " print!(\" {n}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " println!();\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```bob\n" #~ " ⎛⎡1 2 3⎤⎞ ⎡1 4 7⎤\n" #~ "\"transpose\"⎜⎢4 5 6⎥⎟ \"==\"⎢2 5 8⎥\n" #~ " ⎝⎣7 8 9⎦⎠ ⎣3 6 9⎦\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```bob\n" #~ " ⎛⎡1 2 3⎤⎞ ⎡1 4 7⎤\n" #~ "\"transpose\"⎜⎢4 5 6⎥⎟ \"==\"⎢2 5 8⎥\n" #~ " ⎝⎣7 8 9⎦⎠ ⎣3 6 9⎦\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "Bonus Question" #~ msgstr "Dodatkowe pytanie" #~ msgid "" #~ "Could you use `&[i32]` slices instead of hard-coded 3 × 3 matrices for " #~ "your argument and return types? Something like `&[&[i32]]` for a two-" #~ "dimensional slice-of-slices. Why or why not?" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Czy mógłbyś użyć wycinków `&[i32]` zamiast zakodowanych na stałe macierzy " #~ "3 × 3 dla typów argumentów i typów zwracanych? Coś w stylu `&[&[i32]]` " #~ "dla dwuwymiarowych wycinków-wycinków. Dlaczego tak lub dlaczego nie?" #~ msgid "" #~ "See the [`ndarray` crate](https://docs.rs/ndarray/) for a production " #~ "quality implementation." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Zobacz [skrzynię `ndarray`](https://docs.rs/ndarray/) dla implementacji " #~ "produkcyjnej jakości." #~ msgid "" #~ "The solution and the answer to the bonus section are available in the " #~ "[Solution](solutions-morning.md#arrays-and-for-loops) section." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Rozwiązanie i odpowiedź do sekcji bonusowej są dostępne w sekcji " #~ "[Rozwiązanie](solutions-morning.md#arrays-and-for-loops)." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "As we have seen, `if` is an expression in Rust. It is used to " #~ "conditionally evaluate one of two blocks, but the blocks can have a value " #~ "which then becomes the value of the `if` expression. Other control flow " #~ "expressions work similarly in Rust." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Jak widzieliśmy, `if` jest wyrażeniem w Rust. Służy do warunkowego ocenić " #~ "jeden z dwóch bloków, ale bloki mogą mieć wartość, która następnie staje " #~ "się wartość wyrażenia `if`. Inne wyrażenia przepływu sterowania działają " #~ "podobnie w Ruście." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The same rule is used for functions: the value of the function body is " #~ "the return value:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Ta sama reguła jest używana dla funkcji: wartością ciała funkcji jest " #~ "zwracana wartość:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn double(x: i32) -> i32 {\n" #~ " x + x\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " println!(\"doubled: {}\", double(7));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn takes_u32(x: u32) {\n" #~ " println!(\"u32: {x}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The point of this slide is to show that blocks have a type and value in " #~ "Rust. " #~ msgstr "" #~ "Celem tego slajdu jest pokazanie, że bloki mają typ i wartość w Rust." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The [`for` loop](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/keyword.for.html) is " #~ "closely related to the [`while let` loop](while-let-expressions.md). It " #~ "will automatically call `into_iter()` on the expression and then iterate " #~ "over it:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Wyrażenie `for` jest blisko spokrewnione z wyrażeniem `while let`. To " #~ "będzie automatycznie wywołaj `into_iter()` na wyrażeniu, a następnie " #~ "wykonaj iterację:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let v = vec![10, 20, 30];\n" #~ "\n" #~ " for x in v {\n" #~ " println!(\"x: {x}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " \n" #~ " for i in (0..10).step_by(2) {\n" #~ " println!(\"i: {i}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut vec = vec![10, 20];\n" #~ " vec.push(30);\n" #~ " println!(\"middle value: {}\", vec[vec.len() / 2]);\n" #~ " for item in vec.iter() {\n" #~ " println!(\"item: {item}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "You can use `break` and `continue` here as usual." #~ msgstr "Możesz użyć `break` i `continue` tutaj jak zwykle." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Index iteration is not a special syntax in Rust for just that case." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Iteracja indeksu nie jest specjalną składnią w Rust tylko w tym przypadku." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "`(0..10)` is a range that implements an `Iterator` trait. " #~ msgstr "`(0..10)` to zakres implementujący cechę `Iterator`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "`step_by` is a method that returns another `Iterator` that skips every " #~ "other element. " #~ msgstr "" #~ "`step_by` to metoda, która zwraca kolejny `Iterator`, który pomija każdy " #~ "inny element." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Modify the elements in the vector and explain the compiler errors. Change " #~ "vector `v` to be mutable and the for loop to `for x in v.iter_mut()`." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Zmodyfikuj elementy wektora i wyjaśnij błędy kompilatora. Zmień wektor " #~ "`v` na zmienny, a pętlę for na `for x w v.iter_mut()`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "`loop` expressions" #~ msgstr "wyrażenia `pętli`" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Here you must either `break` or `return` to stop the loop:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Wreszcie istnieje słowo kluczowe `loop`, które tworzy nieskończoną pętlę. " #~ "Tutaj musisz albo `break` albo `return`, aby zatrzymać pętlę:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Break the `loop` with a value (e.g. `break 8`) and print it out." #~ msgstr "Przerwij `pętlę` wartością (np. `break 8`) i wypisz ją." #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let x: i32 = 10;\n" #~ " println!(\"x: {x}\");\n" #~ " // x = 20;\n" #~ " // println!(\"x: {x}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let x: i32 = 10;\n" #~ " println!(\"x: {x}\");\n" #~ " // x = 20;\n" #~ " // println!(\"x: {x}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "Due to type inference the `i32` is optional. We will gradually show the " #~ "types less and less as the course progresses." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Ze względu na wnioskowanie o typie `i32` jest opcjonalne. Stopniowo " #~ "będziemy pokazywać mniej typów w miarę postępów w kursie." #~ msgid "" #~ "The following code tells the compiler to copy into a certain generic " #~ "container without the code ever explicitly specifying the contained type, " #~ "using `_` as a placeholder:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Poniższy kod mówi kompilatorowi, aby skopiował do pewnego ogólnego " #~ "kontenera bez jawnego określania typu zawartego w kodzie, używając `_` " #~ "jako symbolu zastępczego:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut v = Vec::new();\n" #~ " v.push((10, false));\n" #~ " v.push((20, true));\n" #~ " println!(\"v: {v:?}\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let vv = v.iter().collect::>();\n" #~ " println!(\"vv: {vv:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut v = Vec::new();\n" #~ " v.push((10, false));\n" #~ " v.push((20, true));\n" #~ " println!(\"v: {v:?}\");\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "[`collect`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/iter/trait.Iterator." #~ "html#method.collect) relies on [`FromIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" #~ "std/iter/trait.FromIterator.html), which [`HashSet`](https://doc.rust-" #~ "lang.org/std/collections/struct.HashSet.html#impl-FromIterator%3CT%3E-for-" #~ "HashSet%3CT,+S%3E) implements." #~ msgstr "" #~ "[`collect`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/iter/trait.Iterator." #~ "html#method.collect) polega na `FromIterator`, który \\[`HashSet`\\]" #~ "(https:/ /doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.FromIterator.html) " #~ "implementuje." #~ msgid "Static and Constant Variables" #~ msgstr "Zmienne statyczne i stałe" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "const DIGEST_SIZE: usize = 3;\n" #~ "const ZERO: Option = Some(42);\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn compute_digest(text: &str) -> [u8; DIGEST_SIZE] {\n" #~ " let mut digest = [ZERO.unwrap_or(0); DIGEST_SIZE];\n" #~ " for (idx, &b) in text.as_bytes().iter().enumerate() {\n" #~ " digest[idx % DIGEST_SIZE] = digest[idx % DIGEST_SIZE]." #~ "wrapping_add(b);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " digest\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let digest = compute_digest(\"Hello\");\n" #~ " println!(\"Digest: {digest:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn compute_digest(text: &str) -> \\[u8; DIGEST_SIZE\\] { let mut digest = " #~ "\\[ZERO.unwrap_or(0); DIGEST_SIZE\\]; for (idx, &b) in text.as_bytes()." #~ "iter().enumerate() { digest\\[idx % DIGEST_SIZE\\] = digest\\[idx % " #~ "DIGEST_SIZE\\].wrapping_add(b); } digest }" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "static BANNER: &str = \"Welcome to RustOS 3.14\";\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " println!(\"{BANNER}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "static BANNER: &str = \"Witamy w RustOS 3.14\";\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let a = 10;\n" #~ " println!(\"before: {a}\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " {\n" #~ " let a = \"hello\";\n" #~ " println!(\"inner scope: {a}\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let a = true;\n" #~ " println!(\"shadowed in inner scope: {a}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"after: {a}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let array = [10, 20, 30];\n" #~ " print!(\"Iterowanie po tablicy:\");\n" #~ " for n in array {\n" #~ " print!(\" {n}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " println!();\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "The following code demonstrates why the compiler can't simply reuse " #~ "memory locations when shadowing an immutable variable in a scope, even if " #~ "the type does not change." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Poniższy kod ilustruje, dlaczego kompilator nie może po prostu ponownie " #~ "użyć lokalizacji pamięci podczas przesłaniania niemutowalnej zmiennej w " #~ "zakresie, nawet jeśli typ się nie zmienia." #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let a = 1;\n" #~ " let b = &a;\n" #~ " let a = a + 1;\n" #~ " println!(\"{a} {b}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let a = 1;\n" #~ " let b = &a;\n" #~ " let a = a + 1;\n" #~ " println!(\"{a} {b}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "This page offers an enum type `CoinFlip` with two variants `Heads` and " #~ "`Tails`. You might note the namespace when using variants." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Ta strona oferuje typ wyliczeniowy `CoinFlip` z dwoma wariantami `Heads` " #~ "i `Tail`. Podczas używania wariantów możesz zwrócić uwagę na przestrzeń " #~ "nazw." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "In both, associated functions are defined within an `impl` block." #~ msgstr "W obu przypadkach powiązane funkcje są zdefiniowane w bloku `impl`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "You can define richer enums where the variants carry data. You can then " #~ "use the `match` statement to extract the data from each variant:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Możesz zdefiniować bogatsze wyliczenia, w których warianty zawierają " #~ "dane. Możesz wtedy użyć tzw Instrukcja `match` w celu wyodrębnienia " #~ "danych z każdego wariantu:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The expression is matched against the patterns from top to bottom. There " #~ "is no fall-through like in C or C++." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Wyrażenia są dopasowywane do wzorców od góry do dołu. Nie ma spadku, jak " #~ "w C lub C++." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The match expression has a value. The value is the last expression in the " #~ "match arm which was executed." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Wyrażenie dopasowania ma wartość. Wartość to ostatnie wyrażenie w " #~ "ramieniu dopasowania, które zostało wykonane." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Starting from the top we look for what pattern matches the value then run " #~ "the code following the arrow. Once we find a match, we stop. " #~ msgstr "" #~ "Zaczynając od góry, szukamy wzoru pasującego do wartości, a następnie " #~ "uruchamiamy kod podążający za strzałką. Gdy znajdziemy dopasowanie, " #~ "zatrzymujemy się." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "`match` inspects a hidden discriminant field in the `enum`." #~ msgstr "`match` sprawdza ukryte pole dyskryminujące w `enum`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "It is possible to retrieve the discriminant by calling `std::mem::" #~ "discriminant()`" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Możliwe jest odzyskanie wyróżnika przez wywołanie `std::mem::" #~ "discriminant()`" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "This is useful, for example, if implementing `PartialEq` for structs " #~ "where comparing field values doesn't affect equality." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Jest to przydatne na przykład przy implementacji `PartialEq` dla " #~ "struktur, w których porównywanie wartości pól nie wpływa na równość." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "`WebEvent::Click { ... }` is not exactly the same as `WebEvent::" #~ "Click(Click)` with a top level `struct Click { ... }`. The inlined " #~ "version cannot implement traits, for example." #~ msgstr "" #~ "`WebEvent::Click { ... }` nie jest dokładnie tym samym co `WebEvent::" #~ "Click(Click)` z najwyższym poziomem `struct Click { ... }`. Wbudowana " #~ "wersja nie może na przykład implementować cech." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Rust enums are packed tightly, taking constraints due to alignment into " #~ "account:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Wyliczenia Rust są ciasno upakowane, biorąc pod uwagę ograniczenia " #~ "wynikające z wyrównania:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Internally Rust is using a field (discriminant) to keep track of the enum " #~ "variant." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Wewnętrznie Rust używa pola (dyskryminacyjnego) do śledzenia wariantu " #~ "enum." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "More complex example if you want to discuss what happens when we chain " #~ "more than 256 `Option`s together." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Bardziej złożony przykład, jeśli chcesz omówić, co się stanie, gdy " #~ "połączymy razem więcej niż 256 opcji." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let v = vec![10, 20, 30];\n" #~ " let mut iter = v.into_iter();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " while let Some(x) = iter.next() {\n" #~ " println!(\"x: {x}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut vec = vec![10, 20];\n" #~ " vec.push(30);\n" #~ " println!(\"middle value: {}\", vec[vec.len() / 2]);\n" #~ " for item in vec.iter() {\n" #~ " println!(\"item: {item}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The [`match` keyword](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/" #~ "match-expr.html) is used to match a value against one or more patterns. " #~ "In that sense, it works like a series of `if let` expressions:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Słowo kluczowe `match` służy do dopasowania wartości do jednego lub " #~ "więcej wzorców. W w tym sensie działa jak seria wyrażeń „if let”:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Save the match expression to a variable and print it out." #~ msgstr "Zapisz wyrażenie dopasowania do zmiennej i wydrukuj je." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Remove `.as_deref()` and explain the error." #~ msgstr "Usuń `.as_deref()` i wyjaśnij błąd." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "`std::env::args().next()` returns an `Option`, but we cannot " #~ "match against `String`." #~ msgstr "" #~ "`std::env::args().next()` zwraca `Option`, ale nie możemy " #~ "dopasować do `String`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "`as_deref()` transforms an `Option` to `Option<&T::Target>`. In our " #~ "case, this turns `Option` into `Option<&str>`." #~ msgstr "" #~ "`as_deref()` przekształca `Option` w `Option<&T::Target>`. W naszym " #~ "przypadku zmienia to `Option` w `Option<&str>`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "We can now use pattern matching to match against the `&str` inside " #~ "`Option`." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Możemy teraz użyć dopasowywania wzorców, aby dopasować się do `&str` " #~ "wewnątrz `Option`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "The `_` pattern is a wildcard pattern which matches any value." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Wzorzec `_` jest wzorcem wieloznacznym, który pasuje do dowolnej wartości." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "It can be useful to show how binding works, by for instance replacing a " #~ "wildcard character with a variable, or removing the quotes around `q`." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Przydatne może być pokazanie, jak działa wiązanie, na przykład zastępując " #~ "symbol wieloznaczny zmienną lub usuwając cudzysłowy wokół `q`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "You can demonstrate matching on a reference." #~ msgstr "Możesz zademonstrować dopasowanie na podstawie referencji." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "This might be a good time to bring up the concept of irrefutable " #~ "patterns, as the term can show up in error messages." #~ msgstr "" #~ "To może być dobry moment, aby przywołać koncepcję niepodważalnych " #~ "wzorców, ponieważ termin ten może pojawiać się w komunikatach o błędach." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "You can also destructure `structs`:" #~ msgstr "Możesz także zniszczyć `struktury`:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Destructuring of slices of unknown length also works with patterns of " #~ "fixed length." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Destrukturyzacja plasterków o nieznanej długości działa również z wzorami " #~ "o stałej długości." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "When matching, you can add a _guard_ to a pattern. This is an arbitrary " #~ "Boolean expression which will be executed if the pattern matches:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Podczas dopasowywania możesz dodać _guard_ do wzoru. To jest dowolna " #~ "wartość logiczna wyrażenie, które zostanie wykonane, jeśli wzorzec pasuje:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "You can use the variables defined in the pattern in your if expression." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Możesz użyć zmiennych zdefiniowanych we wzorcu w swoim wyrażeniu if." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Day 1: Afternoon Exercises" #~ msgstr "Dzień 1: Ćwiczenia popołudniowe" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "We will look at two things:" #~ msgstr "Przyjrzymy się dwóm rzeczom:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "The Luhn algorithm," #~ msgstr "Algorytm Luhna" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "An exercise on pattern matching." #~ msgstr "Wyliczenia i dopasowywanie wzorców." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Copy the code below to and implement the " #~ "function." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Skopiuj poniższy kod do i zaimplementuj " #~ "funkcje:" #~ msgid "" #~ "Memory management: stack vs heap, manual memory management, scope-based " #~ "memory management, and garbage collection." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Zarządzanie pamięcią: stos a sterta, ręczne zarządzanie pamięcią, " #~ "zarządzanie pamięcią oparte na zakresie i odśmiecanie pamięci." #~ msgid "" #~ "Ownership: move semantics, copying and cloning, borrowing, and lifetimes." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Własność: semantyka przenoszenia, kopiowanie i klonowanie, pożyczanie i " #~ "czasy życia." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Structs and methods." #~ msgstr "Struktury, wyliczenia, metody." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The Standard Library: `String`, `Option` and `Result`, `Vec`, `HashMap`, " #~ "`Rc` and `Arc`." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Biblioteka standardowa: `String`, `Option` i `Result`, `Vec`, `HashMap`, " #~ "`Rc` i `Łuk`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Modules: visibility, paths, and filesystem hierarchy." #~ msgstr "Moduły: widoczność, ścieżki i hierarchia systemów plików." #~ msgid "First, let's refresh how memory management works." #~ msgstr "Najpierw odświeżmy, jak działa zarządzanie pamięcią." #~ msgid "The Stack vs The Heap" #~ msgstr "Stos a sterta" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Stack and Heap Example" #~ msgstr "Stos a sterta" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let s1 = String::from(\"Hello\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let s1 = String::from(\"Hello\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut s1 = String::from(\"Hello\");\n" #~ " s1.push(' ');\n" #~ " s1.push_str(\"world\");\n" #~ " // DON'T DO THIS AT HOME! For educational purposes only.\n" #~ " // String provides no guarantees about its layout, so this could lead " #~ "to\n" #~ " // undefined behavior.\n" #~ " unsafe {\n" #~ " let (ptr, capacity, len): (usize, usize, usize) = std::mem::" #~ "transmute(s1);\n" #~ " println!(\"ptr = {ptr:#x}, len = {len}, capacity = " #~ "{capacity}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut s1 = String::from(\"Hello\");\n" #~ " s1.push(' ');\n" #~ " s1.push_str(\"world\");\n" #~ " // NIE PRÓBUJCIE TEGO W DOMU! Tylko dla celów edukacyjnych.\n" #~ " // String nie gwarantuje rozłożenia pamięci więc to może prowadzić " #~ "do\n" #~ " // niezdefiniowanego zachowania.\n" #~ " unsafe {\n" #~ " let (capacity, ptr, len): (usize, usize, usize) = std::mem::" #~ "transmute(s1);\n" #~ " println!(\"ptr = {ptr:#x}, len = {len}, capacity = " #~ "{capacity}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "You allocate and deallocate heap memory yourself." #~ msgstr "Możesz własnoręcznie alokować i zwalniać pamięć sterty." #~ msgid "" #~ "If not done with care, this can lead to crashes, bugs, security " #~ "vulnerabilities, and memory leaks." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Jeżeli nie jest to zrobione z uwagą to może prowadzić do załamania " #~ "(\"crash\"), błędów, problemów bezpieczeństwa i wycieków pamięci." #~ msgid "C Example" #~ msgstr "Przykład C" #~ msgid "You must call `free` on every pointer you allocate with `malloc`:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Musisz wywołać `free` na każdym wskaźniku, który alokujesz za pomocą " #~ "`malloc`:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```c\n" #~ "void foo(size_t n) {\n" #~ " int* int_array = malloc(n * sizeof(int));\n" #~ " //\n" #~ " // ... lots of code\n" #~ " //\n" #~ " free(int_array);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```c\n" #~ "void foo(size_t n) {\n" #~ " int* int_array = (int*)malloc(n * sizeof(int));\n" #~ " //\n" #~ " // ... dużo kodu\n" #~ " //\n" #~ " free(int_array);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Memory is leaked if the function returns early between `malloc` and " #~ "`free`: the pointer is lost and we cannot deallocate the memory. Worse, " #~ "freeing the pointer twice, or accessing a freed pointer can lead to " #~ "exploitable security vulnerabilities." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Pamięć wycieka jeżeli funkcja zwróci pomiędzy `malloc` i `free`: wskaźnik " #~ "jest stracony i nie możemy zwolnić pamięci." #~ msgid "" #~ "Constructors and destructors let you hook into the lifetime of an object." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Konstruktory i destruktory pozwalają wpiąć się do czasu życia obiektu." #~ msgid "" #~ "By wrapping a pointer in an object, you can free memory when the object " #~ "is destroyed. The compiler guarantees that this happens, even if an " #~ "exception is raised." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Przez opakowania wskaźnika w obiekt, możesz zwolnić pamięć jeżeli obiekt " #~ "jest zniszczony. Kompilator to gwarantuje, nawet jeżeli rzucony jest " #~ "wyjątek." #~ msgid "" #~ "This is often called _resource acquisition is initialization_ (RAII) and " #~ "gives you smart pointers." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Często jest to nazywane inicjowaniem przy pozyskaniu zasobu (ang. " #~ "_resource acquisition is initialization_ (RAII)) i pozwala nam na " #~ "inteligentne wskaźniki." #~ msgid "" #~ "```c++\n" #~ "void say_hello(std::unique_ptr person) {\n" #~ " std::cout << \"Hello \" << person->name << std::endl;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```c++\n" #~ "void say_hello(std::unique_ptr person) {\n" #~ " std::cout << \"Hello \" << person->name << std::endl;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "The `std::unique_ptr` object is allocated on the stack, and points to " #~ "memory allocated on the heap." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Obiekt `std::unique_ptr` jest alokowany na stosie i wskazuje na pamięć " #~ "zaalokowaną na stercie." #~ msgid "" #~ "At the end of `say_hello`, the `std::unique_ptr` destructor will run." #~ msgstr "Na końcu `say_hello` jest wywoływany destruktor `std::unique_ptr`." #~ msgid "The destructor frees the `Person` object it points to." #~ msgstr "Destruktor zwalnia pamięć obiektu `Person` na który wskazuje." #~ msgid "" #~ "Special move constructors are used when passing ownership to a function:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Specjalne konstruktory przenoszenia są używane kiedy własność jest " #~ "przekazywana do funkcji:" #~ msgid "" #~ "```c++\n" #~ "std::unique_ptr person = find_person(\"Carla\");\n" #~ "say_hello(std::move(person));\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```c++\n" #~ "std::unique_ptr person = find_person(\"Carla\");\n" #~ "say_hello(std::move(person));\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "An alternative to manual and scope-based memory management is automatic " #~ "memory management:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Alternatywą do ręcznego zarządzania pamięcią i zarządzania opartego o " #~ "zasięg jest automatyczne zarządzanie pamięcią:" #~ msgid "The programmer never allocates or deallocates memory explicitly." #~ msgstr "Programista nigdy wyraźnie nie alokuje i nie zwalnia pamięci." #~ msgid "" #~ "A garbage collector finds unused memory and deallocates it for the " #~ "programmer." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Odśmiecacz pamięci znajduje nieużywaną pamięć i zwalnia ją dla " #~ "programisty." #~ msgid "Java Example" #~ msgstr "Przykład Javy" #~ msgid "The `person` object is not deallocated after `sayHello` returns:" #~ msgstr "Obiekt `person` nie jest zwalniany po zwróceniu z `sayHello`:" #~ msgid "" #~ "```java\n" #~ "void sayHello(Person person) {\n" #~ " System.out.println(\"Hello \" + person.getName());\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```java\n" #~ "void sayHello(Person person) {\n" #~ " System.out.println(\"Hello \" + person.getName());\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "Memory Management in Rust" #~ msgstr "Zarządzanie pamięcią w Ruście" #~ msgid "Memory management in Rust is a mix:" #~ msgstr "Zarządzanie pamięcią w Ruście to mieszanka:" #~ msgid "Safe and correct like Java, but without a garbage collector." #~ msgstr "Bezpieczne i prawidłowe jak w Javie, ale bez odśmiecania pamięci." #~ msgid "" #~ "Depending on which abstraction (or combination of abstractions) you " #~ "choose, can be a single unique pointer, reference counted, or atomically " #~ "reference counted." #~ msgstr "" #~ "W zależności którą abstrakcję (lub kombinację abstrakcji) wybierzesz to " #~ "może być pojedynczy unikalny wskażnik, zliczanie referencji lub atomiczne " #~ "zliczanie referencji." #~ msgid "Scope-based like C++, but the compiler enforces full adherence." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Oparte o zakres jak w C++, ale kompilator egzekwuje pełne przestrzeganie." #~ msgid "" #~ "A Rust user can choose the right abstraction for the situation, some even " #~ "have no cost at runtime like C." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Użytkownika Rusta wybiera właściwą abstrakcję w zależności od sytuacji, " #~ "niektóre nie mają nawet kosztu w czasie uruchomienia jak w C." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Rust achieves this by modeling _ownership_ explicitly." #~ msgstr "Osiąga to przez wyraźne modelowanie _własności_." #~ msgid "" #~ "If asked how at this point, you can mention that in Rust this is usually " #~ "handled by RAII wrapper types such as [Box](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/" #~ "boxed/struct.Box.html), [Vec](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct." #~ "Vec.html), [Rc](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/rc/struct.Rc.html), or [Arc]" #~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html). These encapsulate " #~ "ownership and memory allocation via various means, and prevent the " #~ "potential errors in C." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Jeżeli uczniowie zapytają w tym momencie jak, to wspomnij, że w Ruście to " #~ "przeważnie jest zrobione za pomocą opakowań takich jak [Box](https://doc." #~ "rust-lang.org/std/boxed/struct.Box.html), [Vec](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" #~ "std/vec/struct.Vec.html), [Rc](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/rc/struct.Rc." #~ "html), czy [Arc](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html). " #~ "Typy te zapewniają własność i alokację pamięci różnymi metodami i " #~ "zapobiegają potencjalnym problemom w C." #~ msgid "" #~ "You may be asked about destructors here, the [Drop](https://doc.rust-lang." #~ "org/std/ops/trait.Drop.html) trait is the Rust equivalent." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Możesz dostać pytanie o destruktory, cecha [Drop](https://doc.rust-lang." #~ "org/std/ops/trait.Drop.html) to Rustowy odpowiednik." #~ msgid "Here is a rough comparison of the memory management techniques." #~ msgstr "Tutaj z grubsza porównujemy techniki zarządzania pamięcią." #~ msgid "Pros of Different Memory Management Techniques" #~ msgstr "Zalety różnych technik zarządzania pamięcią" #~ msgid "Manual like C:" #~ msgstr "Ręczne jak w C:" #~ msgid "No runtime overhead." #~ msgstr "Brak kosztu w czasie działania." #~ msgid "Automatic like Java:" #~ msgstr "Automatyczne jak w Javie:" #~ msgid "Fully automatic." #~ msgstr "W pełnie automatyczne." #~ msgid "Safe and correct." #~ msgstr "Bezpieczne i prawidłowe." #~ msgid "Scope-based like C++:" #~ msgstr "Oparte o zakres jak w C++:" #~ msgid "Partially automatic." #~ msgstr "Częściowo automatyczne." #~ msgid "Compiler-enforced scope-based like Rust:" #~ msgstr "Egzekwowane przez kompilator oparte o zakres jak w Ruście:" #~ msgid "Enforced by compiler." #~ msgstr "Egzekwowane przez kompilator." #~ msgid "Cons of Different Memory Management Techniques" #~ msgstr "Wady różnych technik zarządzania pamięcią" #~ msgid "Use-after-free." #~ msgstr "Użycie po zwolnieniu." #~ msgid "Double-frees." #~ msgstr "Podwójne zwolnienie." #~ msgid "Memory leaks." #~ msgstr "Wycieki pamięci." #~ msgid "Garbage collection pauses." #~ msgstr "Pauzy na odśmiecanie pamięci." #~ msgid "Destructor delays." #~ msgstr "Opóźnienie destruktorów." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Complex, opt-in by programmer (on C++)." #~ msgstr "Skomplikowane, dobrowolnie używane przez programistę." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Potential runtime overhead" #~ msgstr "Brak kosztu w czasie działania." #~ msgid "Compiler-enforced and scope-based like Rust:" #~ msgstr "Egzekwowane przez kompilator oparte o zakres jak w Ruście:" #~ msgid "Some upfront complexity." #~ msgstr "Pewna złożoność z góry." #~ msgid "Can reject valid programs." #~ msgstr "Może odrzucić prawidłowe programy." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "struct Point(i32, i32);\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " {\n" #~ " let p = Point(3, 4);\n" #~ " println!(\"x: {}\", p.0);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " println!(\"y: {}\", p.1);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let x = 42;\n" #~ " let y = x;\n" #~ " println!(\"x: {x}\");\n" #~ " println!(\"y: {y}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "A destructor can run here to free up resources." #~ msgstr "Destruktor może być uruchomiony żeby zwolnić zasoby." #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let s1: String = String::from(\"Hello!\");\n" #~ " let s2: String = s1;\n" #~ " println!(\"s2: {s2}\");\n" #~ " // println!(\"s1: {s1}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let s1: String = String::from(\"Cześć!\");\n" #~ " let s2: String = s1;\n" #~ " println!(\"s2: {s2}\");\n" #~ " // println!(\"s1: {s1}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "There is always _exactly_ one variable binding which owns a value." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Zawsze jest _dokładnie_ jedno przypisanie do zmiennej, które ma dane na " #~ "własność." #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let s1: String = String::from(\"Rust\");\n" #~ " let s2: String = s1;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let s1: String = String::from(\"Rust\");\n" #~ " let s2: String = s1;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "The heap data from `s1` is reused for `s2`." #~ msgstr "Dane sterty z `s1` są użyte ponownie dla `s2`." #~ msgid "" #~ "When `s1` goes out of scope, nothing happens (it has been moved from)." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Kiedy `s1` wychodzi poza zakres, nic się nie dzieje (dane zostały z niej " #~ "przeniesione)." #~ msgid "" #~ "```bob\n" #~ " Stack Heap\n" #~ ".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - -.\n" #~ ": : : :\n" #~ ": s1 : : :\n" #~ ": +-----------+-------+ : : +----+----+----+----+ :\n" #~ ": | ptr | o---+---+-----+-->| R | u | s | t | :\n" #~ ": | len | 4 | : : +----+----+----+----+ :\n" #~ ": | capacity | 4 | : : :\n" #~ ": +-----------+-------+ : : :\n" #~ ": : `- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" #~ ": :\n" #~ "`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```bob\n" #~ " Stos Sterta\n" #~ ".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - -.\n" #~ ": : : :\n" #~ ": s1 : : :\n" #~ ": +-----------+-------+ : : +----+----+----+----+ :\n" #~ ": | ptr | o---+---+-----+-->| R | u | s | t | :\n" #~ ": | len | 4 | : : +----+----+----+----+ :\n" #~ ": | capacity | 4 | : : :\n" #~ ": +-----------+-------+ : : :\n" #~ ": : `- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" #~ ": :\n" #~ "`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Extra Work in Modern C++" #~ msgstr "Podwójne zwalnianie pamięci w nowoczesnym C++" #~ msgid "" #~ "```c++\n" #~ "std::string s1 = \"Cpp\";\n" #~ "std::string s2 = s1; // Duplicate the data in s1.\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```c++\n" #~ "std::string s1 = \"Cpp\";\n" #~ "std::string s2 = s1; // Duplikowanie danych z s1.\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```bob\n" #~ " Stack Heap\n" #~ ".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - -.\n" #~ ": : : :\n" #~ ": s1 : : :\n" #~ ": +-----------+-------+ : : +----+----+----+ :\n" #~ ": | ptr | o---+---+--+--+-->| C | p | p | :\n" #~ ": | len | 3 | : : +----+----+----+ :\n" #~ ": | capacity | 3 | : : :\n" #~ ": +-----------+-------+ : : :\n" #~ ": : `- - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" #~ "`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```bob\n" #~ " Stos Sterta\n" #~ ".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - -.\n" #~ ": : : :\n" #~ ": s1 : : :\n" #~ ": +-----------+-------+ : : +----+----+----+ :\n" #~ ": | ptr | o---+---+--+--+-->| C | p | p | :\n" #~ ": | len | 3 | : : +----+----+----+ :\n" #~ ": | capacity | 3 | : : :\n" #~ ": +-----------+-------+ : : :\n" #~ ": : `- - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" #~ "`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```bob\n" #~ " Stack Heap\n" #~ ".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - -.\n" #~ ": : : :\n" #~ ": s1 : : :\n" #~ ": +-----------+-------+ : : +----+----+----+ :\n" #~ ": | ptr | o---+---+--+--+-->| C | p | p | :\n" #~ ": | len | 3 | : : +----+----+----+ :\n" #~ ": | capacity | 3 | : : :\n" #~ ": +-----------+-------+ : : :\n" #~ ": : : :\n" #~ ": s2 : : :\n" #~ ": +-----------+-------+ : : +----+----+----+ :\n" #~ ": | ptr | o---+---+-----+-->| C | p | p | :\n" #~ ": | len | 3 | : : +----+----+----+ :\n" #~ ": | capacity | 3 | : : :\n" #~ ": +-----------+-------+ : : :\n" #~ ": : `- - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" #~ "`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```bob\n" #~ " Stos Sterta\n" #~ ".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - -.\n" #~ ": : : :\n" #~ ": s1 : : :\n" #~ ": +-----------+-------+ : : +----+----+----+ :\n" #~ ": | ptr | o---+---+--+--+-->| C | p | p | :\n" #~ ": | len | 3 | : : +----+----+----+ :\n" #~ ": | capacity | 3 | : : :\n" #~ ": +-----------+-------+ : : :\n" #~ ": : : :\n" #~ ": s2 : : :\n" #~ ": +-----------+-------+ : : +----+----+----+ :\n" #~ ": | ptr | o---+---+-----+-->| C | p | p | :\n" #~ ": | len | 3 | : : +----+----+----+ :\n" #~ ": | capacity | 3 | : : :\n" #~ ": +-----------+-------+ : : :\n" #~ ": : `- - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" #~ "`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn say_hello(name: String) {\n" #~ " println!(\"Hello {name}\")\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let name = String::from(\"Alice\");\n" #~ " say_hello(name);\n" #~ " // say_hello(name);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn main() { let name = String::from(\"Alice\"); say_hello(name); // " #~ "say_hello(name); }" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let x = 42;\n" #~ " let y = x;\n" #~ " println!(\"x: {x}\");\n" #~ " println!(\"y: {y}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let x = 42;\n" #~ " let y = x;\n" #~ " println!(\"x: {x}\");\n" #~ " println!(\"y: {y}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Point(i32, i32);\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let p1 = Point(3, 4);\n" #~ " let p2 = p1;\n" #~ " println!(\"p1: {p1:?}\");\n" #~ " println!(\"p2: {p2:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let x = 42;\n" #~ " let y = x;\n" #~ " println!(\"x: {x}\");\n" #~ " println!(\"y: {y}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "If students ask about `derive`, it is sufficient to say that this is a " #~ "way to generate code in Rust at compile time. In this case the default " #~ "implementations of `Copy` and `Clone` traits are generated." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Jeżeli studenci zapytają o `derive`, to wystarczy powiedzieć, że to " #~ "sposób na generowanie kodu Rusta w czasie kompilacji. W tym przypadku " #~ "będą wygenerowane domyślne implementacje cech `Copy` i `Clone`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut a: i32 = 10;\n" #~ " let b: &i32 = &a;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " {\n" #~ " let c: &mut i32 = &mut a;\n" #~ " *c = 20;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"a: {a}\");\n" #~ " println!(\"b: {b}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let ref_x: &i32;\n" #~ " {\n" #~ " let x: i32 = 10;\n" #~ " ref_x = &x;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " println!(\"ref_x: {ref_x}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "A borrowed value has a _lifetime_:" #~ msgstr "Pożyczona wartość ma _czas życia_:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The lifetime can be implicit: `add(p1: &Point, p2: &Point) -> Point`." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Czas życia może być pominięty: `add(p1: &Point, p2: &Point) -> Point`." #~ msgid "Lifetimes can also be explicit: `&'a Point`, `&'document str`." #~ msgstr "Czasy życia mogą też być jawne: `&'a Point`, `&'document str`." #~ msgid "" #~ "Read `&'a Point` as \"a borrowed `Point` which is valid for at least the " #~ "lifetime `a`\"." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Czytaj `&'a Point` jako \"pożyczony `Point` który jest ważny co najmniej " #~ "w czasie życia `a`\"." #~ msgid "" #~ "Lifetimes are always inferred by the compiler: you cannot assign a " #~ "lifetime yourself." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Czasy życia zawsze są wyliczane przez kompilator: nie można samemu " #~ "przypisać czasu życia." #~ msgid "" #~ "In addition to borrowing its arguments, a function can return a borrowed " #~ "value:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "W dodatku do pożyczania swoich argumentów, funkcja może zwrócić pożyczoną " #~ "wartość:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Point(i32, i32);\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn left_most<'a>(p1: &'a Point, p2: &'a Point) -> &'a Point {\n" #~ " if p1.0 < p2.0 { p1 } else { p2 }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let p1: Point = Point(10, 10);\n" #~ " let p2: Point = Point(20, 20);\n" #~ " let p3: &Point = left_most(&p1, &p2);\n" #~ " println!(\"left-most point: {:?}\", p3);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn main() { let p1: Point = Point(10, 10); let p2: Point = Point(20, 20); " #~ "let p3: &Point = left_most(&p1, &p2); println!(\"left-most point: {:?}\", " #~ "p3); }" #~ msgid "`'a` is a generic parameter, it is inferred by the compiler." #~ msgstr "`'a` to parameter generyczny, jest wyliczany przez kompilator." #~ msgid "Lifetimes start with `'` and `'a` is a typical default name." #~ msgstr "Czas życia zaczyna się `'` i `'a` to typowa domyślna nazwa." #~ msgid "" #~ "The _at least_ part is important when parameters are in different scopes." #~ msgstr "" #~ "To _co najmniej_ jest ważne jeżeli parametry są w różnych zakresach." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Move the declaration of `p2` and `p3` into a new scope (`{ ... }`), " #~ "resulting in the following code:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Przenieś deklarację `p2` i `p3` do nowego zakresu (`{ ... }`), powinieneś " #~ "otrzymać poniższy kod:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,ignore\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Point(i32, i32);\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn left_most<'a>(p1: &'a Point, p2: &'a Point) -> &'a Point {\n" #~ " if p1.0 < p2.0 { p1 } else { p2 }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let p1: Point = Point(10, 10);\n" #~ " let p3: &Point;\n" #~ " {\n" #~ " let p2: Point = Point(20, 20);\n" #~ " p3 = left_most(&p1, &p2);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " println!(\"left-most point: {:?}\", p3);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn main() { let p1: Point = Point(10, 10); let p3: &Point; { let p2: " #~ "Point = Point(20, 20); p3 = left_most(&p1, &p2); } println!(\"left-most " #~ "point: {:?}\", p3); }" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Note how this does not compile since `p3` outlives `p2`." #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "Zauważ, że teraz kod się nie kompiluje bo `p3` przeżywa `p2`.\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "Reset the workspace and change the function signature to `fn " #~ "left_most<'a, 'b>(p1: &'a Point, p2: &'a Point) -> &'b Point`. This will " #~ "not compile because the relationship between the lifetimes `'a` and `'b` " #~ "is unclear." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Zresetuj edytor i zmień sygnaturę funkcji na `fn left_most<'a, 'b>(p1: " #~ "&'a Point, p2: &'a Point) -> &'b Point`. To się nie skompiluje bo " #~ "zależność pomiędzy czasami życia `'a` i `'b` jest niejasna." #~ msgid "Another way to explain it:" #~ msgstr "Inny sposób żeby to wytłumaczyć:" #~ msgid "" #~ "Two references to two values are borrowed by a function and the function " #~ "returns another reference." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Dwie referencje do dwóch wartości są pożyczone przez funkcję i funkcja " #~ "musi zwrócić inną referencję." #~ msgid "" #~ "It must have come from one of those two inputs (or from a global " #~ "variable)." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Ta referencja musi pochodzić z jednego z dwóch wejść(lub ze zmiennej " #~ "globalnej)." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Which one is it? The compiler needs to know, so at the call site the " #~ "returned reference is not used for longer than a variable from where the " #~ "reference came from." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Która to? Kompilator musi wiedzieć, żeby w czasie wywołania zwracana " #~ "referencja nie jest używana dłużej niż zmienna z której pochodzi ta " #~ "referencja." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Highlight<'doc>(&'doc str);\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn erase(text: String) {\n" #~ " println!(\"Bye {text}!\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let text = String::from(\"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog." #~ "\");\n" #~ " let fox = Highlight(&text[4..19]);\n" #~ " let dog = Highlight(&text[35..43]);\n" #~ " // erase(text);\n" #~ " println!(\"{fox:?}\");\n" #~ " println!(\"{dog:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn main() { let text = String::from(\"The quick brown fox jumps over the " #~ "lazy dog.\"); let fox = Highlight(&text\\[4..19\\]); let dog = " #~ "Highlight(&text\\[35..43\\]); // erase(text); println!(\"{fox:?}\"); " #~ "println!(\"{dog:?}\"); }" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Day 2: Morning Exercises" #~ msgstr "Dzień 2: Ćwiczenia poranne" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "We will look at implementing methods in two contexts:" #~ msgstr "Przyjrzymy się metodom implementacji w dwóch kontekstach:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Simple struct which tracks health statistics." #~ msgstr "Prosta struktura, która śledzi statystyki zdrowotne." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Multiple structs and enums for a drawing library." #~ msgstr "Wiele struktur i wyliczeń dla biblioteki rysunków." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "We will learn much more about structs and the `Vec` type tomorrow. For " #~ "now, you just need to know part of its API:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Jutro dowiemy się znacznie więcej o strukturach i typie `Vec`. Na " #~ "razie, wystarczy znać część jego API:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut vec = vec![10, 20];\n" #~ " vec.push(30);\n" #~ " let midpoint = vec.len() / 2;\n" #~ " println!(\"middle value: {}\", vec[midpoint]);\n" #~ " for item in &vec {\n" #~ " println!(\"item: {item}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut vec = vec![10, 20];\n" #~ " vec.push(30);\n" #~ " println!(\"middle value: {}\", vec[vec.len() / 2]);\n" #~ " for item in vec.iter() {\n" #~ " println!(\"item: {item}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Use this to model a library's book collection. Copy the code below to " #~ " and update the types to make it compile:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Użyj tego, aby utworzyć aplikację biblioteczną. Skopiuj poniższy kod do " #~ " i zaktualizuj typy, aby skompilować:" #~ msgid "[Solution](solutions-afternoon.md#designing-a-library)" #~ msgstr "[Rozwiązanie](solutions-afternoon.md#designing-a-library)" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The ownership model of Rust affects many APIs. An example of this is the " #~ "[`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html) and " #~ "[`IntoIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.IntoIterator." #~ "html) traits." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Model własności Rust wpływa na wiele interfejsów API. Przykładem tego " #~ "jest tzw [`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator." #~ "html) i [`IntoIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait." #~ "IntoIterator.html) cechy." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Traits are like interfaces: they describe behavior (methods) for a type. " #~ "The `Iterator` trait simply says that you can call `next` until you get " #~ "`None` back:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Cechy są jak interfejsy: opisują zachowanie (metody) dla typu. The Cecha " #~ "`Iterator` mówi po prostu, że możesz wywoływać `next`, dopóki nie " #~ "otrzymasz z powrotem `None`:" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "pub trait Iterator {\n" #~ " type Item;\n" #~ " fn next(&mut self) -> Option;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "pub trait Iterator {\n" #~ " type Item;\n" #~ " fn next(&mut self) -> Option;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "You use this trait like this:" #~ msgstr "Używasz tej cechy w ten sposób:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let v: Vec = vec![10, 20, 30];\n" #~ " let mut iter = v.iter();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"v[0]: {:?}\", iter.next());\n" #~ " println!(\"v[1]: {:?}\", iter.next());\n" #~ " println!(\"v[2]: {:?}\", iter.next());\n" #~ " println!(\"No more items: {:?}\", iter.next());\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "println!(\"v[0]: {:?}\", iter.next());\n" #~ "println!(\"v[1]: {:?}\", iter.next());\n" #~ "println!(\"v[2]: {:?}\", iter.next());\n" #~ "println!(\"Nie ma więcej elementów: {:?}\", iter.next());\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "What is the type returned by the iterator? Test your answer here:" #~ msgstr "Jaki typ zwraca iterator? Sprawdź swoją odpowiedź tutaj:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let v: Vec = vec![10, 20, 30];\n" #~ " let mut iter = v.iter();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let v0: Option<..> = iter.next();\n" #~ " println!(\"v0: {v0:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let v: Vec = vec![10, 20, 30];\n" #~ " let mut iter = v.iter();\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Why is this type used?" #~ msgstr "Dlaczego ten typ jest używany?" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "pub trait IntoIterator {\n" #~ " type Item;\n" #~ " type IntoIter: Iterator;\n" #~ "\n" #~ " fn into_iter(self) -> Self::IntoIter;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "pub trait IntoIterator {\n" #~ " type Item;\n" #~ " type IntoIter: Iterator;\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Like before, what is the type returned by the iterator?" #~ msgstr "Tak jak poprzednio, jaki typ jest zwracany przez iterator?" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let v: Vec = vec![String::from(\"foo\"), String::" #~ "from(\"bar\")];\n" #~ " let mut iter = v.into_iter();\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let v0: Option<..> = iter.next();\n" #~ " println!(\"v0: {v0:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let v: Vec = vec![String::from(\"foo\"), String::" #~ "from(\"bar\")];\n" #~ " let mut iter = v.into_iter();\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Now that we know both `Iterator` and `IntoIterator`, we can build `for` " #~ "loops. They call `into_iter()` on an expression and iterates over the " #~ "resulting iterator:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Teraz, gdy znamy zarówno `Iterator`, jak i `IntoIterator`, możemy budować " #~ "pętle `for`. Wywołują `into_iter()` na wyrażeniu i iterują wynik iterator:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let v: Vec = vec![String::from(\"foo\"), String::" #~ "from(\"bar\")];\n" #~ "\n" #~ " for word in &v {\n" #~ " println!(\"word: {word}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " for word in v {\n" #~ " println!(\"word: {word}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let s1: String = String::from(\"Cześć!\");\n" #~ " let s2: String = s1;\n" #~ " println!(\"s2: {s2}\");\n" #~ " // println!(\"s1: {s1}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Experiment with the code above and then consult the documentation for " #~ "[`impl IntoIterator for &Vec`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/" #~ "struct.Vec.html#impl-IntoIterator-for-%26'a+Vec%3CT,+A%3E) and [`impl " #~ "IntoIterator for Vec`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec." #~ "html#impl-IntoIterator-for-Vec%3CT,+A%3E) to check your answers." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Eksperymentuj z powyższym kodem, a następnie zapoznaj się z dokumentacją " #~ "dla [`impl IntoIterator dla &Vec`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/" #~ "struct.Vec.html#impl-IntoIterator-for-%26%27a%20Vec%3CT%2C%20A%3E) i " #~ "[`impl IntoIterator dla Vec`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct." #~ "Vec.html#impl-IntoIterator-for-Vec%3CT%2C%20A%3E) aby sprawdzić swoje " #~ "odpowiedzi." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "struct Person {\n" #~ " name: String,\n" #~ " age: u8,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut peter = Person {\n" #~ " name: String::from(\"Peter\"),\n" #~ " age: 27,\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " println!(\"{} is {} years old\", peter.name, peter.age);\n" #~ " \n" #~ " peter.age = 28;\n" #~ " println!(\"{} is {} years old\", peter.name, peter.age);\n" #~ " \n" #~ " let jackie = Person {\n" #~ " name: String::from(\"Jackie\"),\n" #~ " ..peter\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " println!(\"{} is {} years old\", jackie.name, jackie.age);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "peter.age = 28;\n" #~ "println!(\"{} ma {} lat\", peter.name, peter.age);\n" #~ "\n" #~ "let jackie = Person {\n" #~ " name: String::from(\"Jackie\"),\n" #~ " ..peter\n" #~ "};\n" #~ "println!(\"{} ma {} lat\", jackie.name, jackie.age);\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "struct Point(i32, i32);\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let p = Point(17, 23);\n" #~ " println!(\"({}, {})\", p.0, p.1);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn main() { let p = Point(17, 23); println!(\"({}, {})\", p.0, p.1); }" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The `new` function could be written using `Self` as a type, as it is " #~ "interchangeable with the struct type name" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Funkcja `new` może być napisana przy użyciu `Self` jako typu, ponieważ " #~ "jest wymienna z nazwą typu struct" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Person {\n" #~ " name: String,\n" #~ " age: u8,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "impl Person {\n" #~ " fn new(name: String, age: u8) -> Self {\n" #~ " Self { name, age }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,ignore\n" #~ "impl Person {\n" #~ " fn new(name: String, age: u8) -> Self {\n" #~ " Self { name, age }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Methods are defined in the `impl` block." #~ msgstr "Metody są zdefiniowane w bloku `impl`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Use struct update syntax to define a new structure using `peter`. Note " #~ "that the variable `peter` will no longer be accessible afterwards." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Użyj składni aktualizacji struktury, aby zdefiniować nową strukturę za " #~ "pomocą `peter`. Zauważ, że później zmienna `peter` nie będzie już " #~ "dostępna." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Use `{:#?}` when printing structs to request the `Debug` representation." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Użyj `{:#?}` podczas drukowania struktur, aby zażądać reprezentacji " #~ "`Debug`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "We describe the distinction between method receivers next." #~ msgstr "Następnie opiszemy rozróżnienie między odbiornikami metod." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Consider emphasizing \"shared and immutable\" and \"unique and mutable\". " #~ "These constraints always come together in Rust due to borrow checker " #~ "rules, and `self` is no exception. It isn't possible to reference a " #~ "struct from multiple locations and call a mutating (`&mut self`) method " #~ "on it." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Rozważ podkreślenie słów „wspólny i niezmienny” oraz „unikatowy i " #~ "zmienny”. Te ograniczenia pojawiają się zawsze razem w Rust ze względu na " #~ "zasady pożyczania sprawdzania, a `self` nie jest wyjątkiem. Nie można " #~ "odwołać się do struktury z wielu lokalizacji i wywołać na niej metodę " #~ "mutacji (`&mut self`)." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "All four methods here use a different method receiver." #~ msgstr "Wszystkie cztery metody tutaj wykorzystują inny odbiornik metody." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "You can point out how that changes what the function can do with the " #~ "variable values and if/how it can be used again in `main`." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Możesz wskazać, jak to zmienia to, co funkcja może zrobić z wartościami " #~ "zmiennych i czy/jak można jej ponownie użyć w `main`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "You can showcase the error that appears when trying to call `finish` " #~ "twice." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Możesz pokazać błąd, który pojawia się podczas próby dwukrotnego " #~ "wywołania `finish`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Note that although the method receivers are different, the non-static " #~ "functions are called the same way in the main body. Rust enables " #~ "automatic referencing and dereferencing when calling methods. Rust " #~ "automatically adds in the `&`, `*`, `muts` so that that object matches " #~ "the method signature." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Należy zauważyć, że chociaż odbiorniki metod są różne, funkcje " #~ "niestatyczne są wywoływane w ten sam sposób w głównej części. Rust " #~ "umożliwia automatyczne odwoływanie się i usuwanie odwołań podczas " #~ "wywoływania metod. Rust automatycznie dodaje `&`, `*`, `muts`, aby ten " #~ "obiekt pasował do sygnatury metody." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "You might point out that `print_laps` is using a vector that is iterated " #~ "over. We describe vectors in more detail in the afternoon. " #~ msgstr "" #~ "Możesz zauważyć, że `print_laps` używa wektora, który jest iterowany. " #~ "Wektory opiszemy bardziej szczegółowo po południu." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Day 2: Afternoon Exercises" #~ msgstr "Dzień 2: Ćwiczenia popołudniowe" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The exercises for this afternoon will focus on strings and iterators." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Ćwiczenia na to popołudnie skupią się na ciągach znaków i iteratorach." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,should_panic\n" #~ "// TODO: remove this when you're done with your implementation.\n" #~ "#![allow(unused_variables, dead_code)]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub struct User {\n" #~ " name: String,\n" #~ " age: u32,\n" #~ " height: f32,\n" #~ " visit_count: usize,\n" #~ " last_blood_pressure: Option<(u32, u32)>,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub struct Measurements {\n" #~ " height: f32,\n" #~ " blood_pressure: (u32, u32),\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "pub struct HealthReport<'a> {\n" #~ " patient_name: &'a str,\n" #~ " visit_count: u32,\n" #~ " height_change: f32,\n" #~ " blood_pressure_change: Option<(i32, i32)>,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl User {\n" #~ " pub fn new(name: String, age: u32, height: f32) -> Self {\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn name(&self) -> &str {\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn age(&self) -> u32 {\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn height(&self) -> f32 {\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn doctor_visits(&self) -> u32 {\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn set_age(&mut self, new_age: u32) {\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn set_height(&mut self, new_height: f32) {\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn visit_doctor(&mut self, measurements: Measurements) -> " #~ "HealthReport {\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let bob = User::new(String::from(\"Bob\"), 32, 155.2);\n" #~ " println!(\"I'm {} and my age is {}\", bob.name(), bob.age());\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_height() {\n" #~ " let bob = User::new(String::from(\"Bob\"), 32, 155.2);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(bob.height(), 155.2);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_set_age() {\n" #~ " let mut bob = User::new(String::from(\"Bob\"), 32, 155.2);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(bob.age(), 32);\n" #~ " bob.set_age(33);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(bob.age(), 33);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_visit() {\n" #~ " let mut bob = User::new(String::from(\"Bob\"), 32, 155.2);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(bob.doctor_visits(), 0);\n" #~ " let report = bob.visit_doctor(Measurements {\n" #~ " height: 156.1,\n" #~ " blood_pressure: (120, 80),\n" #~ " });\n" #~ " assert_eq!(report.patient_name, \"Bob\");\n" #~ " assert_eq!(report.visit_count, 1);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(report.blood_pressure_change, None);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let report = bob.visit_doctor(Measurements {\n" #~ " height: 156.1,\n" #~ " blood_pressure: (115, 76),\n" #~ " });\n" #~ "\n" #~ " assert_eq!(report.visit_count, 2);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(report.blood_pressure_change, Some((-5, -4)));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "\n" #~ "# Statystyki zdrowia\n" #~ "\n" #~ "Pracujesz nad wdrożeniem systemu monitorowania stanu. W ramach tego ty\n" #~ "muszą śledzić statystyki dotyczące zdrowia użytkowników.\n" #~ "\n" #~ "Zaczniesz od niektórych funkcji skrótowych w bloku `impl`, jak również " #~ "`Użytkownika`\n" #~ "definicja struktury. Twoim celem jest zaimplementowanie wygaszonych metod " #~ "na\n" #~ "`User` `struct` zdefiniowana w bloku `impl`.\n" #~ "\n" #~ "Skopiuj poniższy kod na i uzupełnij " #~ "brakujące\n" #~ "metody:\n" #~ "\n" #~ "```rust,should_panic\n" #~ "// TODO: usuń to jak skończysz implementację.\n" #~ "#![allow(unused_variables, dead_code)]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "struct User {\n" #~ " name: String,\n" #~ " age: u32,\n" #~ " weight: f32,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "impl User {\n" #~ " pub fn new(name: String, age: u32, weight: f32) -> Self {\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn name(&self) -> &str {\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn age(&self) -> u32 {\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn weight(&self) -> f32 {\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn set_age(&mut self, new_age: u32) {\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " pub fn set_weight(&mut self, new_weight: f32) {\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let bob = User::new(String::from(\"Bob\"), 32, 155.2);\n" #~ " println!(\"Jestem {} i mam {} lat\", bob.name(), bob.age());\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_weight() {\n" #~ " let bob = User::new(String::from(\"Bob\"), 32, 155.2);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(bob.weight(), 155.2);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "# Health Statistics\n" #~ "\n" #~ "{{#include ../../../third_party/rust-on-exercism/health-statistics.md}}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "Copy the code below to and fill in the " #~ "missing\n" #~ "methods:\n" #~ "\n" #~ "```rust,should_panic\n" #~ "// TODO: remove this when you're done with your implementation.\n" #~ "#![allow(unused_variables, dead_code)]\n" #~ "\n" #~ "{{#include ../../../third_party/rust-on-exercism/health-statistics.rs}}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let bob = User::new(String::from(\"Bob\"), 32, 155.2);\n" #~ " println!(\"I'm {} and my age is {}\", bob.name(), bob.age());\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_height() {\n" #~ " let bob = User::new(String::from(\"Bob\"), 32, 155.2);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(bob.height(), 155.2);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_set_age() {\n" #~ " let mut bob = User::new(String::from(\"Bob\"), 32, 155.2);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(bob.age(), 32);\n" #~ " bob.set_age(33);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(bob.age(), 33);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_visit() {\n" #~ " let mut bob = User::new(String::from(\"Bob\"), 32, 155.2);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(bob.doctor_visits(), 0);\n" #~ " let report = bob.visit_doctor(Measurements {\n" #~ " height: 156.1,\n" #~ " blood_pressure: (120, 80),\n" #~ " });\n" #~ " assert_eq!(report.patient_name, \"Bob\");\n" #~ " assert_eq!(report.visit_count, 1);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(report.blood_pressure_change, None);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let report = bob.visit_doctor(Measurements {\n" #~ " height: 156.1,\n" #~ " blood_pressure: (115, 76),\n" #~ " });\n" #~ "\n" #~ " assert_eq!(report.visit_count, 2);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(report.blood_pressure_change, Some((-5, -4)));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "The common vocabulary types include:" #~ msgstr "Typowe typy słownictwa obejmują:" #~ msgid "" #~ "[`Option` and `Result`](std/option-result.md) types: used for optional " #~ "values and [error handling](error-handling.md)." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Typy [`Option` i `Result`](std/option-result.md): używane dla wartości " #~ "opcjonalnych i [obsługi błędów](error-handling.md)." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "[`String`](std/string.md): the default string type used for owned data." #~ msgstr "" #~ "[`String`](std/string.md): domyślny typ ciągu używany dla posiadanych " #~ "danych." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "[`Vec`](std/vec.md): a standard extensible vector." #~ msgstr "[`Vec`](std/vec.md): standardowy rozszerzalny wektor." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "[`HashMap`](std/hashmap.md): a hash map type with a configurable hashing " #~ "algorithm." #~ msgstr "" #~ "[`HashMap`](std/hashmap.md): typ mapy mieszającej z konfigurowalnym " #~ "haszowaniem algorytm." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "[`Box`](std/box.md): an owned pointer for heap-allocated data." #~ msgstr "" #~ "[`Box`](std/box.md): własny wskaźnik dla danych przydzielonych na stercie." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "[`Rc`](std/rc.md): a shared reference-counted pointer for heap-allocated " #~ "data." #~ msgstr "" #~ "[`Rc`](std/rc.md): współdzielony wskaźnik zliczania odwołań dla danych " #~ "alokowanych na stercie." #~ msgid "`Option` and `Result`" #~ msgstr "`Option` i `Result`" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "The types represent optional data:" #~ msgstr "Typy reprezentują dane opcjonalne:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let numbers = vec![10, 20, 30];\n" #~ " let first: Option<&i8> = numbers.first();\n" #~ " println!(\"first: {first:?}\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let idx: Result = numbers.binary_search(&10);\n" #~ " println!(\"idx: {idx:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut vec = vec![10, 20];\n" #~ " vec.push(30);\n" #~ " println!(\"middle value: {}\", vec[vec.len() / 2]);\n" #~ " for item in vec.iter() {\n" #~ " println!(\"item: {item}\");\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "`Option<&T>` has zero space overhead compared to `&T`." #~ msgstr "`Option<&T>` ma zerowy narzut przestrzeni w porównaniu z `&T`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "`binary_search` returns `Result`." #~ msgstr "`binary_search` zwraca `Result`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "If found, `Result::Ok` holds the index where the element is found." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Jeśli zostanie znaleziony, `Result::Ok` zawiera indeks, w którym element " #~ "został znaleziony." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Otherwise, `Result::Err` contains the index where such an element should " #~ "be inserted." #~ msgstr "" #~ "W przeciwnym razie `Result::Err` zawiera indeks, w którym taki element " #~ "powinien zostać wstawiony." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "In the above example, you can even leave out the `*` in the `println!` " #~ "statement thanks to `Deref`. " #~ msgstr "" #~ "W powyższym przykładzie możesz nawet pominąć `*` w instrukcji `println!` " #~ "dzięki `Deref`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Box with Recursive Data Structures" #~ msgstr "Pudełko z rekurencyjnymi strukturami danych" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "use std::rc::Rc;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut a = Rc::new(10);\n" #~ " let mut b = Rc::clone(&a);\n" #~ "\n" #~ " println!(\"a: {a}\");\n" #~ " println!(\"b: {b}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let x = 42;\n" #~ " let y = x;\n" #~ " println!(\"x: {x}\");\n" #~ " println!(\"y: {y}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "[`Cell`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/cell/struct.Cell.html) and " #~ "[`RefCell`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/cell/struct.RefCell.html) " #~ "implement what Rust calls _interior mutability:_ mutation of values in an " #~ "immutable context." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Używając [`Read`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Read.html) i " #~ "[`BufRead`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.BufRead.html), możesz " #~ "wyodrębnić źródła `u8`:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "use std::collections::HashSet;\n" #~ "use std::mem::transmute;\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "use std::mem::transmute;\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "In this exercise, you are implementing a routing component of a web " #~ "server. The server is configured with a number of _path prefixes_ which " #~ "are matched against _request paths_. The path prefixes can contain a " #~ "wildcard character which matches a full segment. See the unit tests below." #~ msgstr "" #~ "W tym ćwiczeniu implementujesz komponent routingu serwera WWW. The serwer " #~ "jest skonfigurowany z liczbą _prefiksów ścieżki_, z którymi są " #~ "dopasowywane _zażądaj ścieżek_. Prefiksy ścieżki mogą zawierać symbol " #~ "wieloznaczny, który pasuje do pełnego segmentu. Zobacz testy jednostkowe " #~ "poniżej." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Traits: deriving traits, default methods, and important standard library " #~ "traits." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Cechy: wyprowadzanie cech, metody domyślne i ważna biblioteka standardowa " #~ "cechy." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Generics: generic data types, generic methods, monomorphization, and " #~ "trait objects." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Rodzaje: ogólne typy danych, metody ogólne, monomorfizacja i cecha " #~ "obiekty." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Testing: unit tests, documentation tests, and integration tests." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Testowanie: testy jednostkowe, testy dokumentacji i testy integracyjne." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Unsafe Rust: raw pointers, static variables, unsafe functions, and extern " #~ "functions." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Niebezpieczny Rust: surowe wskaźniki, zmienne statyczne, niebezpieczne " #~ "funkcje i extern Funkcje." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "You can declare a generic type on your `impl` block:" #~ msgstr "Możesz zadeklarować typ ogólny w swoim bloku `impl`:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Generic code is turned into non-generic code based on the call sites:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Kod ogólny jest przekształcany w kod nierodzajowy na podstawie witryn " #~ "wywołujących:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "behaves as if you wrote" #~ msgstr "zachowuje się tak, jakbyś napisał" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "You can let the compiler derive a number of traits as follows:" #~ msgstr "Możesz pozwolić kompilatorowi uzyskać szereg cech:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Traits can implement behavior in terms of other trait methods:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Cechy mogą implementować zachowanie w kategoriach innych metod cech:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "`impl Trait` allows you to work with types which you cannot name." #~ msgstr "`impl Trait` umożliwia pracę z typami, których nie można nazwać." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "This example is great, because it uses `impl Display` twice. It helps to " #~ "explain that nothing here enforces that it is _the same_ `impl Display` " #~ "type. If we used a single `T: Display`, it would enforce the constraint " #~ "that input `T` and return `T` type are the same type. It would not work " #~ "for this particular function, as the type we expect as input is likely " #~ "not what `format!` returns. If we wanted to do the same via `: Display` " #~ "syntax, we'd need two independent generic parameters." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Ten przykład jest świetny, ponieważ dwukrotnie używa `impl Display`. " #~ "Pomaga to wyjaśnić nic tutaj nie wymusza, że jest to _ten sam_ typ `impl " #~ "Display`. Gdybyśmy użyli jednego `T: Display`, wymuszałoby ograniczenie, " #~ "że wejście `T` i zwracany typ `T` są tego samego typu. Nie zadziałałoby " #~ "to dla tej konkretnej funkcji, ponieważ typ, którego oczekujemy jako dane " #~ "wejściowe, prawdopodobnie nie co zwraca `format!`. Gdybyśmy chcieli " #~ "zrobić to samo za pomocą składni `: Display`, potrzebowalibyśmy dwóch " #~ "niezależne parametry ogólne." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "We will now look at some of the most common traits of the Rust standard " #~ "library:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Przyjrzymy się teraz niektórym z najczęstszych cech standardowej " #~ "biblioteki Rust:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "[`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html) and " #~ "[`IntoIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.IntoIterator." #~ "html) used in `for` loops," #~ msgstr "" #~ "[`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html) i " #~ "[`IntoIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.IntoIterator." #~ "html) używane w pętlach `for`," #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "[`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html) and " #~ "[`Into`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) used to " #~ "convert values," #~ msgstr "" #~ "[`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html) i [`Into`]" #~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) używane do " #~ "konwersji wartości," #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "[`Read`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Read.html) and [`Write`]" #~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Write.html) used for IO," #~ msgstr "" #~ "[`Read`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Read.html) i [`Write`]" #~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Write.html) używane do IO," #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "[`Add`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Add.html), [`Mul`]" #~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Mul.html), ... used for operator " #~ "overloading, and" #~ msgstr "" #~ "[`Add`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Add.html), [`Mul`]" #~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Mul.html), ... używane do " #~ "przeciążania operatora i" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "[`Default`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/default/trait.Default.html) " #~ "used to construct a default instance of a type." #~ msgstr "" #~ "[`Default`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/default/trait.Default.html) " #~ "używane do konstruowania domyślnej instancji typu." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "`Iterator` implements `fn collect(self) -> B where B: " #~ "FromIterator, Self: Sized`" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Implementy `Iteratora` `fn zbieraj(ja) -> B Gdzie B: " #~ "FromIterator, Własny: Wielkości`" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "`Add`, `Mul`, ..." #~ msgstr "`Dodaj`, `Mul`, ..." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Day 3: Morning Exercises" #~ msgstr "Dzień 3: Ćwiczenia poranne" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "We will design a classical GUI library using traits and trait objects." #~ msgstr "Zaprojektujemy klasyczną bibliotekę GUI cech i obiektów cech." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Let us design a classical GUI library using our new knowledge of traits " #~ "and trait objects." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Zaprojektujmy klasyczną bibliotekę GUI, korzystając z naszej nowej wiedzy " #~ "na temat cech i obiekty cech." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "We will have a number of widgets in our library:" #~ msgstr "W naszej bibliotece będziemy mieć kilka widżetów:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "`Window`: has a `title` and contains other widgets." #~ msgstr "`Okno`: ma `tytuł` i zawiera inne widżety." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "`Button`: has a `label` and a callback function which is invoked when the " #~ "button is pressed." #~ msgstr "" #~ "`Button`: ma `etykietę` i funkcję wywołania zwrotnego, która jest " #~ "wywoływana, gdy przycisk jest wciśnięty." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "`Label`: has a `label`." #~ msgstr "`Etykieta`: ma `etykietę`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "The widgets will implement a `Widget` trait, see below." #~ msgstr "Widżety zaimplementują cechę `Widget`, patrz poniżej." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Copy the code below to , fill in the missing " #~ "`draw_into` methods so that you implement the `Widget` trait:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Skopiuj poniższy kod na , uzupełnij " #~ "brakujące metody `draw_into`, aby zaimplementować cechę `Widget`:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "The output of the above program can be something simple like this:" #~ msgstr "Wyjście powyższego programu może być czymś prostym, takim jak to:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "If you want to draw aligned text, you can use the [fill/alignment]" #~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/index.html#fillalignment) formatting " #~ "operators. In particular, notice how you can pad with different " #~ "characters (here a `'/'`) and how you can control alignment:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Jeśli chcesz narysować wyrównany tekst, możesz użyć [wypełnienie/" #~ "wyrównanie](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/index.html#wyrównanie) " #~ "operatory formatowania. W szczególności zwróć uwagę, jak możesz wypełnić " #~ "różne znaki (tutaj `'/'`) i jak możesz kontrolować wyrównanie:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Using such alignment tricks, you can for example produce output like this:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Korzystając z takich sztuczek związanych z wyrównaniem, możesz na " #~ "przykład uzyskać takie dane wyjściowe:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Polygon Struct" #~ msgstr "Struktura wielokąta" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "We will create a `Polygon` struct which contain some points. Copy the " #~ "code below to and fill in the missing " #~ "methods to make the tests pass:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Stworzymy strukturę `Polygon` zawierającą kilka punktów. Skopiuj poniższy " #~ "kod na i uzupełnij brakujące metody, aby " #~ "utworzyć plik testy przechodzą:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Since the method signatures are missing from the problem statements, the " #~ "key part of the exercise is to specify those correctly. You don't have to " #~ "modify the tests." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Ponieważ w opisach problemów brakuje sygnatur metod, kluczowa część " #~ "ćwiczenia polega na ich prawidłowym określeniu. Nie musisz modyfikować " #~ "testów." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Other interesting parts of the exercise:" #~ msgstr "Inne ciekawe części ćwiczenia:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Derive a `Copy` trait for some structs, as in tests the methods sometimes " #~ "don't borrow their arguments." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Wyprowadź cechę `Kopiuj` dla niektórych struktur, ponieważ w testach " #~ "metody czasami nie pożyczają swoich argumentów." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Discover that `Add` trait must be implemented for two objects to be " #~ "addable via \"+\". Note that we do not discuss generics until Day 3." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Odkryj, że cecha `Dodaj` musi zostać zaimplementowana, aby dwa obiekty " #~ "można było dodawać za pomocą „+”. Pamiętaj, że nie omawiamy leków " #~ "generycznych aż do dnia 3." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Error handling in Rust is done using explicit control flow:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Obsługa błędów w Rust odbywa się za pomocą jawnego przepływu sterowania:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Functions that can have errors list this in their return type," #~ msgstr "Funkcje, które mogą mieć błędy, wymieniają to w zwracanym typie," #, fuzzy #~ msgid "There are no exceptions." #~ msgstr "Nie ma wyjątków." #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,should_panic\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let v = vec![10, 20, 30];\n" #~ " println!(\"v[100]: {}\", v[100]);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,should_panic\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let v = vec![10, 20, 30];\n" #~ " println!(\"v[100]: {}\", v[100]);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Catching the Stack Unwinding" #~ msgstr "Łapanie rozwijającego się stosu" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "We have already seen the `Result` enum. This is used pervasively when " #~ "errors are expected as part of normal operation:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Widzieliśmy już enum `Result`. Jest to powszechnie stosowane, gdy " #~ "występują błędy spodziewane w ramach normalnej eksploatacji:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Propagating Errors with `?`" #~ msgstr "Propagowanie błędów za pomocą `?`" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The try-operator `?` is used to return errors to the caller. It lets you " #~ "turn the common" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Operator try `?` służy do zwracania błędów do obiektu wywołującego. " #~ "Pozwala się obrócić wspólne" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,ignore\n" #~ "match some_expression {\n" #~ " Ok(value) => value,\n" #~ " Err(err) => return Err(err),\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,ignore\n" #~ "match some_expression {\n" #~ " Ok(value) => value,\n" #~ " Err(err) => return Err(err),\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,ignore\n" #~ "some_expression?\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,ignore\n" #~ "jakieś_wyrażenie?\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,ignore\n" #~ "expression?\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,ignore\n" #~ "wyrażenie?\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,ignore\n" #~ "match expression {\n" #~ " Ok(value) => value,\n" #~ " Err(err) => return Err(From::from(err)),\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,ignore\n" #~ "match wyrażenie {\n" #~ " Ok(value) => value,\n" #~ " Err(err) => return Err(From::from(err)),\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "It's generally helpful for them to implement `Clone` and `Eq` too where " #~ "possible, to make life easier for tests and consumers of your library. In " #~ "this case we can't easily do so, because `io::Error` doesn't implement " #~ "them." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Dobrą praktyką dla wszystkich typów błędów jest implementacja `std::" #~ "error::Error`, która wymaga `Debugowania` i `Wyświetlanie`. Generalnie " #~ "pomocne jest dla nich zaimplementowanie `Clone` i `Eq` tam, gdzie to " #~ "możliwe ułatwi życie testerom i konsumentom Twojej biblioteki. W tym " #~ "przypadku nie możemy tego łatwo zrobić, ponieważ `io::Error` nie " #~ "implementuje ich." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "`thiserror`'s derive macro automatically implements `std::error::Error`, " #~ "and optionally `Display` (if the `#[error(...)]` attributes are provided) " #~ "and `From` (if the `#[from]` attribute is added). It also works for " #~ "structs." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Makro pochodne `thiserror` automatycznie implementuje `std::error::Error` " #~ "i opcjonalnie `Display` (jeśli podano atrybuty `#[error(...)]`) i `From` " #~ "(jeśli dodano atrybut `#[from]`). Działa również dla struktur." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "It doesn't affect your public API, which makes it good for libraries." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Nie wpływa na twój publiczny interfejs API, co czyni go dobrym dla " #~ "bibliotek." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The widely used [anyhow](https://docs.rs/anyhow/) crate can help you add " #~ "contextual information to your errors and allows you to have fewer custom " #~ "error types:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Powszechnie używana [mimo wszystko](https://docs.rs/anyhow/) skrzynka " #~ "może pomóc w dodaniu informacje kontekstowe do twoich błędów i pozwala " #~ "mieć ich mniej niestandardowe typy błędów:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Mark unit tests with `#[test]`:" #~ msgstr "Oznacz testy jednostkowe za pomocą `#[test]`:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Use `cargo test` to find and run the unit tests." #~ msgstr "Użyj testu ładunku, aby znaleźć i uruchomić testy jednostkowe." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Unit tests are often put in a nested module (run tests on the [Playground]" #~ "(https://play.rust-lang.org/)):" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Testy jednostkowe są często umieszczane w zagnieżdżonym module " #~ "(uruchamiaj testy na [Plac zabaw](https://play.rust-lang.org/)):" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Calling External Code" #~ msgstr "Próbki kodu" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Functions from other languages might violate the guarantees of Rust. " #~ "Calling them is thus unsafe:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Funkcje z innych języków mogą naruszać gwarancje Rusta. Powołanie są więc " #~ "niebezpieczne:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "use std::mem::size_of_val;\n" #~ "use std::slice;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "/// ...\n" #~ "/// # Safety\n" #~ "/// The type must have a defined representation and no padding.\n" #~ "pub unsafe trait AsBytes {\n" #~ " fn as_bytes(&self) -> &[u8] {\n" #~ " unsafe {\n" #~ " slice::from_raw_parts(self as *const Self as *const u8, " #~ "size_of_val(self))\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// Safe because u32 has a defined representation and no padding.\n" #~ "unsafe impl AsBytes for u32 {}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "/// ... /// # Bezpieczeństwo /// Typ musi mieć zdefiniowaną reprezentację " #~ "i brak dopełnienia. niebezpieczna cecha publikacji AsBytes { fn " #~ "as_bytes(&self) -> &\\[u8\\] { niebezpieczny { slice::from_raw_parts(self " #~ "jako \\*const Self as \\*const u8, size_of_val(self)) } } }" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Day 3: Afternoon Exercises" #~ msgstr "Dzień 3: Ćwiczenia popołudniowe" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Let us build a safe wrapper for reading directory content!" #~ msgstr "Zbudujmy bezpieczne opakowanie do odczytu zawartości katalogu!" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "After looking at the exercise, you can look at the [solution](solutions-" #~ "afternoon.md) provided." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Po obejrzeniu ćwiczenia możesz spojrzeć na podane [rozwiązanie](solutions-" #~ "afternoon.md)." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```shell\n" #~ "adb logcat -s rust\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "Korzystanie z Cargo" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "extern \"C\" {\n" #~ " fn abs(x: i32) -> i32;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let x = -42;\n" #~ " let abs_x = unsafe { abs(x) };\n" #~ " println!(\"{x}, {abs_x}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let a = 1;\n" #~ " let b = &a;\n" #~ " let a = a + 1;\n" #~ " println!(\"{a} {b}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```sh\n" #~ "cargo embed --bin mmio\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "Korzystanie z Cargo" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```sh\n" #~ "cargo embed --bin pac\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "Korzystanie z Cargo" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```sh\n" #~ "cargo embed --bin hal\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "Korzystanie z Cargo" #, fuzzy #~ msgid " server" #~ msgstr "serwery." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "use std::thread;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn foo() {\n" #~ " let s = String::from(\"Hello\");\n" #~ " thread::spawn(|| {\n" #~ " println!(\"Length: {}\", s.len());\n" #~ " });\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " foo();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let s1: String = String::from(\"Cześć!\");\n" #~ " let s2: String = s1;\n" #~ " println!(\"s2: {s2}\");\n" #~ " // println!(\"s1: {s1}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "use std::thread;\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let s = String::from(\"Hello\");\n" #~ "\n" #~ " thread::scope(|scope| {\n" #~ " scope.spawn(|| {\n" #~ " println!(\"Length: {}\", s.len());\n" #~ " });\n" #~ " });\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let s1: String = String::from(\"Cześć!\");\n" #~ " let s2: String = s1;\n" #~ " println!(\"s2: {s2}\");\n" #~ " // println!(\"s1: {s1}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```shell\n" #~ "cargo add scraper\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "Korzystanie z Cargo" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```shell\n" #~ "cargo add thiserror\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "Korzystanie z Cargo" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```shell\n" #~ "cargo run\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "Korzystanie z Cargo" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```shell\n" #~ "cargo run --bin server\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "Korzystanie z Cargo" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```shell\n" #~ "cargo run --bin client\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "Korzystanie z Cargo" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "You will find solutions to the exercises on the following pages." #~ msgstr "Na kolejnych stronach znajdziesz rozwiązania ćwiczeń." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Feel free to ask questions about the solutions [on GitHub](https://github." #~ "com/google/comprehensive-rust/discussions). Let us know if you have a " #~ "different or better solution than what is presented here." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Zachęcamy do zadawania pytań dotyczących rozwiązań [on GitHub](https://" #~ "github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/discussions). Daj nam znać jeśli " #~ "masz inne lub lepsze rozwiązanie niż przedstawione tutaj." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "**Note:** Please ignore the `// ANCHOR: label` and `// ANCHOR_END: label` " #~ "comments you see in the solutions. They are there to make it possible to " #~ "re-use parts of the solutions as the exercises." #~ msgstr "" #~ "**Uwaga:** proszę zignorować `// ANCHOR: etykieta` i `// ANCHOR_END: " #~ "etykieta` komentarze, które widzisz w rozwiązaniach. Są po to, aby to " #~ "umożliwić ponownie wykorzystaj części rozwiązań jako ćwiczenia." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Day 1 Morning Exercises" #~ msgstr "Dzień 1 Ćwiczenia poranne" #~ msgid "([back to exercise](for-loops.md))" #~ msgstr "([powrót do ćwiczenia](for-loops.md))" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Bonus question" #~ msgstr "Dodatkowe pytanie" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "It requires more advanced concepts. It might seem that we could use a " #~ "slice-of-slices (`&[&[i32]]`) as the input type to transpose and thus " #~ "make our function handle any size of matrix. However, this quickly breaks " #~ "down: the return type cannot be `&[&[i32]]` since it needs to own the " #~ "data you return." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Wymaga bardziej zaawansowanych koncepcji. Mogłoby się wydawać, że " #~ "moglibyśmy użyć wycinka plasterków (`&[&[i32]]`) jako typu wejściowego do " #~ "transpozycji, a tym samym sprawić, by nasza funkcja obsługiwała dowolny " #~ "rozmiar macierzy. Jednak to szybko się psuje: zwracany typ nie może być " #~ "`&[&[i32]]`, ponieważ musi być właścicielem zwracanych danych." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "You can attempt to use something like `Vec>`, but this doesn't " #~ "work out-of-the-box either: it's hard to convert from `Vec>` to " #~ "`&[&[i32]]` so now you cannot easily use `pretty_print` either." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Możesz spróbować użyć czegoś takiego jak `Vec>`, ale to też nie " #~ "działa od razu po wyjęciu z pudełka: trudno jest przekonwertować z " #~ "`Vec>` na `&[ &[i32]]`, więc teraz nie możesz też łatwo używać " #~ "`pretty_print`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Once we get to traits and generics, we'll be able to use the [`std::" #~ "convert::AsRef`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.AsRef.html) " #~ "trait to abstract over anything that can be referenced as a slice." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Gdy przejdziemy do cech i typów ogólnych, będziemy mogli użyć cechy " #~ "[`std::convert::AsRef`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.AsRef." #~ "html) do abstrakcji na wszystkim, co można nazwać plasterkiem." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "In addition, the type itself would not enforce that the child slices are " #~ "of the same length, so such variable could contain an invalid matrix." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Ponadto sam typ nie wymuszałby, aby wycinki potomne były tej samej " #~ "długości, więc taka zmienna mogłaby zawierać nieprawidłową macierz." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Day 1 Afternoon Exercises" #~ msgstr "Dzień 1 Ćwiczenia popołudniowe" #~ msgid "([back to exercise](luhn.md))" #~ msgstr "([powrót do ćwiczenia](luhn.md))" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "// Copyright 2022 Google LLC\n" #~ "//\n" #~ "// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n" #~ "// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n" #~ "// You may obtain a copy of the License at\n" #~ "//\n" #~ "// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" #~ "//\n" #~ "// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n" #~ "// distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n" #~ "// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or " #~ "implied.\n" #~ "// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n" #~ "// limitations under the License.\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// ANCHOR: luhn\n" #~ "pub fn luhn(cc_number: &str) -> bool {\n" #~ " // ANCHOR_END: luhn\n" #~ " let mut digits_seen = 0;\n" #~ " let mut sum = 0;\n" #~ " for (i, ch) in cc_number.chars().rev().filter(|&ch| ch != ' ')." #~ "enumerate() {\n" #~ " match ch.to_digit(10) {\n" #~ " Some(d) => {\n" #~ " sum += if i % 2 == 1 {\n" #~ " let dd = d * 2;\n" #~ " dd / 10 + dd % 10\n" #~ " } else {\n" #~ " d\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " digits_seen += 1;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " None => return false,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " if digits_seen < 2 {\n" #~ " return false;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " sum % 10 == 0\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let cc_number = \"1234 5678 1234 5670\";\n" #~ " println!(\n" #~ " \"Is {cc_number} a valid credit card number? {}\",\n" #~ " if luhn(cc_number) { \"yes\" } else { \"no\" }\n" #~ " );\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// ANCHOR: unit-tests\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_non_digit_cc_number() {\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\"foo\"));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_empty_cc_number() {\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\"\"));\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\" \"));\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\" \"));\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\" \"));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_single_digit_cc_number() {\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\"0\"));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_two_digit_cc_number() {\n" #~ " assert!(luhn(\" 0 0 \"));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_valid_cc_number() {\n" #~ " assert!(luhn(\"4263 9826 4026 9299\"));\n" #~ " assert!(luhn(\"4539 3195 0343 6467\"));\n" #~ " assert!(luhn(\"7992 7398 713\"));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_invalid_cc_number() {\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\"4223 9826 4026 9299\"));\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\"4539 3195 0343 6476\"));\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\"8273 1232 7352 0569\"));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "// ANCHOR_END: unit-tests\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "\n" #~ "# Dzień 2 Ćwiczenia popołudniowe\n" #~ "\n" #~ "## Algorytm Luhna\n" #~ "\n" #~ "([powrót do ćwiczenia](luhn.md))\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// ANCHOR: luhn\n" #~ "pub fn luhn(cc_number: &str) -> bool {\n" #~ " // ANCHOR_END: luhn\n" #~ " let mut digits_seen = 0;\n" #~ " let mut sum = 0;\n" #~ " for (i, ch) in cc_number.chars().rev().filter(|&ch| ch != ' ')." #~ "enumerate() {\n" #~ " match ch.to_digit(10) {\n" #~ " Some(d) => {\n" #~ " sum += if i % 2 == 1 {\n" #~ " let dd = d * 2;\n" #~ " dd / 10 + dd % 10\n" #~ " } else {\n" #~ " d\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " digits_seen += 1;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " None => return false,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " if digits_seen < 2 {\n" #~ " return false;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " sum % 10 == 0\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let cc_number = \"1234 5678 1234 5670\";\n" #~ " println!(\n" #~ " \"Czy {} to prawidłowy numer karty kredytowej? {}\",\n" #~ " cc_number,\n" #~ " if luhn(cc_number) { \"tak\" } else { \"nie\" }\n" #~ " );\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// ANCHOR: unit-tests\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_non_digit_cc_number() {\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\"foo\"));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\n" #~ "## Łańcuchy i iteratory\n" #~ "\n" #~ "([powrót do ćwiczenia](strings-iterators.md))\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// ANCHOR: prefix_matches\n" #~ "pub fn prefix_matches(prefix: &str, request_path: &str) -> bool {\n" #~ " // ANCHOR_END: prefix_matches\n" #~ " let prefixes = prefix.split('/');\n" #~ " let request_paths = request_path\n" #~ " .split('/')\n" #~ " .map(|p| Some(p))\n" #~ " .chain(std::iter::once(None));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " for (prefix, request_path) in prefixes.zip(request_paths) {\n" #~ " match request_path {\n" #~ " Some(request_path) => {\n" #~ " if (prefix != \"*\") && (prefix != request_path) {\n" #~ " return false;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " None => return false,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " true\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// ANCHOR: unit-tests\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_matches_without_wildcard() {\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers\"));\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers/" #~ "abc-123\"));\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers/abc/" #~ "books\"));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1\"));\n" #~ " assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/" #~ "publishersBooks\"));\n" #~ " assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/parent/" #~ "publishers\"));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_matches_with_wildcard() {\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/*/books\",\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/foo/books\"\n" #~ " ));\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/*/books\",\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/bar/books\"\n" #~ " ));\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/*/books\",\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/foo/books/book1\"\n" #~ " ));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers/*/books\", \"/v1/" #~ "publishers\"));\n" #~ " assert!(!prefix_matches(\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/*/books\",\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/foo/booksByAuthor\"\n" #~ " ));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "// ANCHOR_END: unit-tests\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Pattern matching" #~ msgstr "Dopasowywanie wzorców" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Day 2 Morning Exercises" #~ msgstr "Dzień 2 Ćwiczenia poranne" #~ msgid "Designing a Library" #~ msgstr "Projektowanie biblioteki" #~ msgid "([back to exercise](book-library.md))" #~ msgstr "([powrót do ćwiczenia](book-library.md))" #~ msgid "([back to exercise](strings-iterators.md))" #~ msgstr "([powrót do ćwiczenia](strings-iterators.md))" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "// Copyright 2022 Google LLC\n" #~ "//\n" #~ "// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n" #~ "// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n" #~ "// You may obtain a copy of the License at\n" #~ "//\n" #~ "// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n" #~ "//\n" #~ "// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n" #~ "// distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n" #~ "// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or " #~ "implied.\n" #~ "// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n" #~ "// limitations under the License.\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// ANCHOR: prefix_matches\n" #~ "pub fn prefix_matches(prefix: &str, request_path: &str) -> bool {\n" #~ " // ANCHOR_END: prefix_matches\n" #~ "\n" #~ " let mut request_segments = request_path.split('/');\n" #~ "\n" #~ " for prefix_segment in prefix.split('/') {\n" #~ " let Some(request_segment) = request_segments.next() else {\n" #~ " return false;\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " if request_segment != prefix_segment && prefix_segment != " #~ "\"*\" {\n" #~ " return false;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " true\n" #~ "\n" #~ " // Alternatively, Iterator::zip() lets us iterate simultaneously over " #~ "prefix\n" #~ " // and request segments. The zip() iterator is finished as soon as " #~ "one of\n" #~ " // the source iterators is finished, but we need to iterate over all " #~ "request\n" #~ " // segments. A neat trick that makes zip() work is to use map() and " #~ "chain()\n" #~ " // to produce an iterator that returns Some(str) for each pattern " #~ "segments,\n" #~ " // and then returns None indefinitely.\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// ANCHOR: unit-tests\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_matches_without_wildcard() {\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers\"));\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers/" #~ "abc-123\"));\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers/abc/" #~ "books\"));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1\"));\n" #~ " assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/" #~ "publishersBooks\"));\n" #~ " assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/parent/" #~ "publishers\"));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_matches_with_wildcard() {\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/*/books\",\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/foo/books\"\n" #~ " ));\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/*/books\",\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/bar/books\"\n" #~ " ));\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/*/books\",\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/foo/books/book1\"\n" #~ " ));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers/*/books\", \"/v1/" #~ "publishers\"));\n" #~ " assert!(!prefix_matches(\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/*/books\",\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/foo/booksByAuthor\"\n" #~ " ));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "// ANCHOR_END: unit-tests\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "\n" #~ "# Dzień 2 Ćwiczenia popołudniowe\n" #~ "\n" #~ "## Algorytm Luhna\n" #~ "\n" #~ "([powrót do ćwiczenia](luhn.md))\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// ANCHOR: luhn\n" #~ "pub fn luhn(cc_number: &str) -> bool {\n" #~ " // ANCHOR_END: luhn\n" #~ " let mut digits_seen = 0;\n" #~ " let mut sum = 0;\n" #~ " for (i, ch) in cc_number.chars().rev().filter(|&ch| ch != ' ')." #~ "enumerate() {\n" #~ " match ch.to_digit(10) {\n" #~ " Some(d) => {\n" #~ " sum += if i % 2 == 1 {\n" #~ " let dd = d * 2;\n" #~ " dd / 10 + dd % 10\n" #~ " } else {\n" #~ " d\n" #~ " };\n" #~ " digits_seen += 1;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " None => return false,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " if digits_seen < 2 {\n" #~ " return false;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "\n" #~ " sum % 10 == 0\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let cc_number = \"1234 5678 1234 5670\";\n" #~ " println!(\n" #~ " \"Czy {} to prawidłowy numer karty kredytowej? {}\",\n" #~ " cc_number,\n" #~ " if luhn(cc_number) { \"tak\" } else { \"nie\" }\n" #~ " );\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// ANCHOR: unit-tests\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_non_digit_cc_number() {\n" #~ " assert!(!luhn(\"foo\"));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\n" #~ "## Łańcuchy i iteratory\n" #~ "\n" #~ "([powrót do ćwiczenia](strings-iterators.md))\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// ANCHOR: prefix_matches\n" #~ "pub fn prefix_matches(prefix: &str, request_path: &str) -> bool {\n" #~ " // ANCHOR_END: prefix_matches\n" #~ " let prefixes = prefix.split('/');\n" #~ " let request_paths = request_path\n" #~ " .split('/')\n" #~ " .map(|p| Some(p))\n" #~ " .chain(std::iter::once(None));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " for (prefix, request_path) in prefixes.zip(request_paths) {\n" #~ " match request_path {\n" #~ " Some(request_path) => {\n" #~ " if (prefix != \"*\") && (prefix != request_path) {\n" #~ " return false;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " None => return false,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " true\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "// ANCHOR: unit-tests\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_matches_without_wildcard() {\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers\"));\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers/" #~ "abc-123\"));\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers/abc/" #~ "books\"));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1\"));\n" #~ " assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/" #~ "publishersBooks\"));\n" #~ " assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/parent/" #~ "publishers\"));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_matches_with_wildcard() {\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/*/books\",\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/foo/books\"\n" #~ " ));\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/*/books\",\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/bar/books\"\n" #~ " ));\n" #~ " assert!(prefix_matches(\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/*/books\",\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/foo/books/book1\"\n" #~ " ));\n" #~ "\n" #~ " assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers/*/books\", \"/v1/" #~ "publishers\"));\n" #~ " assert!(!prefix_matches(\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/*/books\",\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/foo/booksByAuthor\"\n" #~ " ));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "// ANCHOR_END: unit-tests\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Day 3 Morning Exercise" #~ msgstr "Dzień 3 Poranna gimnastyka" #~ msgid "([back to exercise](simple-gui.md))" #~ msgstr "([powrót do ćwiczenia](simple-gui.md))" #~ msgid "([back to exercise](points-polygons.md))" #~ msgstr "([powrót do ćwiczenia](points-polygons.md))" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Day 3 Afternoon Exercises" #~ msgstr "Dzień 3 Ćwiczenia popołudniowe" #~ msgid "([back to exercise](safe-ffi-wrapper.md))" #~ msgstr "([powrót do ćwiczenia](safe-ffi-wrapper.md))" #~ msgid "Day 4 Morning" #~ msgstr "Dzień 4 Rano" #~ msgid "On Day 4, we will cover Android-specific things such as:" #~ msgstr "W dniu 4 omówimy kwestie specyficzne dla Androida, takie jak:" #~ msgid "AIDL servers and clients." #~ msgstr "Serwery i klienty AIDL." #~ msgid "Interoperability with C, C++, and Java." #~ msgstr "Interoperacyjność z C, C++ i Javą." #~ msgid "" #~ "It is important to note that this course does not cover Android " #~ "**application** development in Rust, and that the Android-specific parts " #~ "are specifically about writing code for Android itself, the operating " #~ "system. " #~ msgstr "" #~ "Należy zauważyć, że ten kurs nie obejmuje rozwoju **aplikacji** na " #~ "Androida w Ruście i że części specyficzne dla Androida są o pisaniu kodu " #~ "dla samego Androida, systemu operacyjnego. " #~ msgid "" #~ "Learn how to use async Rust --- we'll only mention async Rust when " #~ "covering traditional concurrency primitives. Please see [Asynchronous " #~ "Programming in Rust](https://rust-lang.github.io/async-book/) instead for " #~ "details on this topic." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Używanie asynchronicznego Rusta --- wspomnimy o asynchronicznym Ruście " #~ "tylko wtedy, gdy obejmujące tradycyjne prymitywy współbieżności. Po " #~ "więcej szczegółów w tym temacie zobacz [Asynchronous Programming in Rust]" #~ "(https://rust-lang.github.io/async-book/)." #~ msgid "Day 1: Basic Rust, ownership and the borrow checker." #~ msgstr "Dzień 1: Podstawowy Rust, własność i nadzorca pożyczania." #~ msgid "Day 4: Concurrency in Rust and interoperability with other languages" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Dzień 4: Współbieżność w Ruście i interoperacyjność z innymi językami" #~ msgid "" #~ "**Exercise for Day 4:** Do you interface with some C/C++ code in your " #~ "project which we could attempt to move to Rust? The fewer dependencies " #~ "the better. Parsing code would be ideal." #~ msgstr "" #~ "**Ćwiczenie na dzień 4:** Czy korzystasz z kodu C/C++ w swoim projekcie, " #~ "który moglibyśmy spróbować przenieść do Rusta? Im mniej zależności, tym " #~ "lepiej. Kod parsujący byłby idealny." #~ msgid "Rustup (Recommended)" #~ msgstr "Rustup (zalecane)" #~ msgid "" #~ "You can follow the instructions to install cargo and rust compiler, among " #~ "other standard ecosystem tools with the [rustup](https://rustup.rs/) " #~ "tool, which is maintained by the Rust Foundation." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Możesz postępować zgodnie z instrukcjami narzędzia [rustup](https://" #~ "rustup.rs/), aby zainstalować Cargo, kompilator Rusta oraz inne " #~ "standardowe narzędzia ekosystemu Rusta. Narzędzie [rustup](https://rustup." #~ "rs/) jest utrzymywane przez Fundację Rust." #~ msgid "Package Managers" #~ msgstr "Menedżerowie pakietów" #~ msgid "Debian" #~ msgstr "Debian" #~ msgid "`&[u8]`" #~ msgstr "`&[u8]`" #~ msgid "`b\"abc\"`, `br#\" \" \"#`" #~ msgstr "`b\"abc\"`, `br#\" \"\"#`" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "let s: &[i32] = &a[2..4];\n" #~ "println!(\"s: {s:?}\");\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "let s: &[i32] = &a[2..4];\n" #~ "println!(\"s: {s:?}\");\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "}" #~ msgstr "}" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let s1: &str = \"World\";\n" #~ " println!(\"s1: {s1}\");\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let s1: &str = \"Świecie\";\n" #~ " println!(\"s1: {s1}\");\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " fizzbuzz_to(20); // Defined below, no forward declaration needed\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " fizzbuzz_to(20); // Zdefiniowany poniżej, nie ma potrzeby na " #~ "deklarowanie z góry\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "fn fizzbuzz(n: u32) -> () { // No return value means returning the unit " #~ "type `()` match (is_divisible_by(n, 3), is_divisible_by(n, 5)) { (true, " #~ "true) => println!(\"fizzbuzz\"), (true, false) => println!(\"fizz\"), " #~ "(false, true) => println!(\"buzz\"), (false, false) => println!" #~ "(\"{n}\"), } }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn fizzbuzz(n: u32) -> () { // Brak wartości zwracanej oznacza zwrócenie " #~ "typu jednostkowego `()` match (is_divisible_by(n, 3), is_divisible_by(n, " #~ "5)) { (true, true) => println!(\"fizzbuzz\"), (true, false) => println!" #~ "(\"fizz\"), (false, true) => println!(\"buzz\"), (false, false) => " #~ "println!(\"{n}\"), } }" #~ msgid "" #~ "fn fizzbuzz_to(n: u32) { // `-> ()` is normally omitted for i in 1..=n " #~ "{ fizzbuzz(i); } }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn fizzbuzz_to(n: u32) { // `-> ()` jest zwykle pomijany for i in 1..=n " #~ "{ fizzbuzz(i); } }" #~ msgid "" #~ "The `match` expression in `fizzbuzz()` is doing a lot of work. It is " #~ "expanded below to show what is happening." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Wyrażenie `match` w `fizzbuzz()` wykonuje wiele pracy. Jest rozwinięte " #~ "poniżej żeby pokazać co się dzieje." #~ msgid "(Type annotations added for clarity, but they can be elided.)" #~ msgstr "(Adnotacje typów dodane dla przejrzystości, ale można je pominąć.)" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,ignore\n" #~ "let by_3: bool = is_divisible_by(n, 3);\n" #~ "let by_5: bool = is_divisible_by(n, 5);\n" #~ "let by_35: (bool, bool) = (by_3, by_5);\n" #~ "match by_35 {\n" #~ " // ...\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,ignore\n" #~ "let by_3: bool = is_divisible_by(n, 3);\n" #~ "let by_5: bool = is_divisible_by(n, 5);\n" #~ "let by_35: (bool, bool) = (by_3, by_5);\n" #~ "match by_35 {\n" #~ " // ...\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "struct Rectangle {\n" #~ " width: u32,\n" #~ " height: u32,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "struct Rectangle {\n" #~ " width: u32,\n" #~ " height: u32,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "impl Rectangle { fn area(&self) -> u32 { self.width * self.height }" #~ msgstr "impl Rectangle { fn area(&self) -> u32 { self.width * self.height }" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "fn inc_width(&mut self, delta: u32) {\n" #~ " self.width += delta;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "fn inc_width(&mut self, delta: u32) {\n" #~ " self.width += delta;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "fn main() { let mut rect = Rectangle { width: 10, height: 5 }; println!" #~ "(\"old area: {}\", rect.area()); rect.inc_width(5); println!(\"new area: " #~ "{}\", rect.area()); }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn main() { let mut rect = Rectangle { width: 10, height: 5 }; println!" #~ "(\"stare pole: {}\", rect.area()); rect.inc_width(5); println!(\"nowe " #~ "pole: {}\", rect.area()); }" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn pick_one(a: T, b: T) -> T {\n" #~ " if std::process::id() % 2 == 0 { a } else { b }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn pick_one(a: T, b: T) -> T {\n" #~ " if std::process::id() % 2 == 0 { a } else { b }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "After looking at the exercises, you can look at the \\[solutions\\] " #~ "provided." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Po obejrzeniu ćwiczeń możesz spojrzeć na dostarczone \\[rozwiązania\\]." #~ msgid "fn main() { let x: i8 = 15; let y: i16 = 1000;" #~ msgstr "fn main() { let x: i8 = 15; let y: i16 = 1000;" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "println!(\"{x} * {y} = {}\", multiply(x, y));\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "println!(\"{x} * {y} = {}\", multiply(x, y));\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "print!(\"Iterating over range:\");\n" #~ "for i in 0..3 {\n" #~ " print!(\" {}\", array[i]);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "println!();\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "print!(\"Iterowanie po zakresie:\");\n" #~ "for i in 0..3 {\n" #~ " print!(\" {}\", array[i]);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "println!();\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,should_panic\n" #~ "// TODO: remove this when you're done with your implementation.\n" #~ "#![allow(unused_variables, dead_code)]\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,should_panic\n" #~ "// TODO: usuń to jak skończysz implementację.\n" #~ "#![allow(unused_variables, dead_code)]\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "fn transpose(matrix: \\[\\[i32; 3\\]; 3\\]) -> \\[\\[i32; 3\\]; 3\\] " #~ "{ unimplemented!() }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn transpose(matrix: \\[\\[i32; 3\\]; 3\\]) -> \\[\\[i32; 3\\]; 3\\] " #~ "{ unimplemented!() }" #~ msgid "fn pretty_print(matrix: &\\[\\[i32; 3\\]; 3\\]) { unimplemented!() }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn pretty_print(matrix: &\\[\\[i32; 3\\]; 3\\]) { unimplemented!() }" #~ msgid "" #~ "fn main() { let matrix = \\[ \\[101, 102, 103\\], // \\<\\-- the comment " #~ "makes rustfmt add a newline \\[201, 202, 203\\], \\[301, 302, 303\\], \\];" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn main() { let matrix = \\[ \\[101, 102, 103\\], // \\<\\-- ten " #~ "komentarz powoduje, że rustfmt dodaje nową linię \\[201, 202, 203\\], " #~ "\\[301, 302, 303\\], \\];" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "println!(\"matrix:\");\n" #~ "pretty_print(&matrix);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "println!(\"matrix:\");\n" #~ "pretty_print(&matrix);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "let transposed = transpose(matrix);\n" #~ "println!(\"transposed:\");\n" #~ "pretty_print(&transposed);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "let transposed = transpose(matrix);\n" #~ "println!(\"transposed:\");\n" #~ "pretty_print(&transposed);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "Note that since `println!` is a macro, `x` is not moved, even using the " #~ "function like syntax of `println!(\"x: {}\", x)`" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Zauważ, że ponieważ `println!` jest makrem, `x` nie jest przenoszone, " #~ "nawet przy użyciu składni podobnej do funkcji `println!(\"x: {}\", x)`" #~ msgid "fn takes_i8(y: i8) { println!(\"i8: {y}\"); }" #~ msgstr "fn takes_i8(y: i8) { println!(\"i8: {y}\"); }" #~ msgid "fn main() { let x = 10; let y = 20;" #~ msgstr "fn main() { let x = 10; let y = 20;" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "takes_u32(x);\n" #~ "takes_i8(y);\n" #~ "// takes_u32(y);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "takes_u32(x);\n" #~ "takes_i8(y);\n" #~ "// takes_u32(y);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "let vv = v.iter().collect::>();\n" #~ "println!(\"vv: {vv:?}\");\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "let vv = v.iter().collect::>();\n" #~ "println!(\"vv: {vv:?}\");\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "Global state is managed with static and constant variables." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Stan globalny jest zarządzany za pomocą zmiennych statycznych i stałych." #~ msgid "You can declare compile-time constants:" #~ msgstr "Możesz zadeklarować stałe czasu kompilacji:" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "const DIGEST_SIZE: usize = 3;\n" #~ "const ZERO: Option = Some(42);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "const DIGEST_SIZE: usize = 3;\n" #~ "const ZERO: Option = Some(42);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "fn main() { let digest = compute_digest(\"Hello\"); println!(\"Digest: " #~ "{digest:?}\"); }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn main() { let digest = compute_digest(\"Hello\"); println!(\"Digest: " #~ "{digest:?}\"); }" #~ msgid "You can also declare static variables:" #~ msgstr "Możesz także zadeklarować zmienne statyczne:" #~ msgid "fn main() { println!(\"{BANNER}\"); }" #~ msgstr "fn main() { println!(\"{BANNER}\"); }" #~ msgid "" #~ "We will look at mutating static data in the [chapter on Unsafe Rust](../" #~ "unsafe.md)." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Przyjrzymy się zmienianiu danych statycznych w [rozdziale dotyczącym " #~ "niebezpiecznego Rusta](../unsafe.md)." #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "{\n" #~ " let a = \"hello\";\n" #~ " println!(\"inner scope: {a}\");\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "{\n" #~ " let a = \"cześć\";\n" #~ " println!(\"wewnętrzny zakres: {a}\");\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ " let a = true;\n" #~ " println!(\"shadowed in inner scope: {a}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ " let a = true;\n" #~ " println!(\"przesłonięta w wewnętrznym zakresie: {a}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "Potential for use-after-free." #~ msgstr "Potencjalne użycie po zwolnieniu." #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "struct Point(i32, i32);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "struct Point(i32, i32);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "fn main() { { let p = Point(3, 4); println!(\"x: {}\", p.0); } println!" #~ "(\"y: {}\", p.1); }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn main() { { let p = Point(3, 4); println!(\"x: {}\", p.0); } println!" #~ "(\"y: {}\", p.1); }" #~ msgid "The data was _moved_ from `s1` and `s1` is no longer accessible." #~ msgstr "Dane są _przeniesione_ z `s1` i zmienna `s1` nie jest już dostępna." #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn say_hello(name: String) {\n" #~ " println!(\"Hello {name}\")\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn say_hello(name: String) {\n" #~ " println!(\"Cześć {name}\")\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Point(i32, i32);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Point(i32, i32);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "fn main() { let p1 = Point(3, 4); let p2 = p1; println!(\"p1: {p1:?}\"); " #~ "println!(\"p2: {p2:?}\"); }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn main() { let p1 = Point(3, 4); let p2 = p1; println!(\"p1: {p1:?}\"); " #~ "println!(\"p2: {p2:?}\"); }" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Point(i32, i32);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Point(i32, i32);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "fn add(p1: &Point, p2: &Point) -> Point { Point(p1.0 + p2.0, p1.1 + " #~ "p2.1) }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn add(p1: &Point, p2: &Point) -> Point { Point(p1.0 + p2.0, p1.1 + " #~ "p2.1) }" #~ msgid "" #~ "fn main() { let p1 = Point(3, 4); let p2 = Point(10, 20); let p3 = " #~ "add(&p1, &p2); println!(\"{p1:?} + {p2:?} = {p3:?}\"); }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn main() { let p1 = Point(3, 4); let p2 = Point(10, 20); let p3 = " #~ "add(&p1, &p2); println!(\"{p1:?} + {p2:?} = {p3:?}\"); }" #~ msgid "" #~ "fn add(p1: &Point, p2: &Point) -> Point { let p = Point(p1.0 + p2.0, p1.1 " #~ "+ p2.1); println!(\"&p.0: {:p}\", &p.0); p }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn add(p1: &Point, p2: &Point) -> Point { let p = Point(p1.0 + p2.0, p1.1 " #~ "+ p2.1); println!(\"&p.0: {:p}\", &p.0); p }" #~ msgid "" #~ "fn main() { let p1 = Point(3, 4); let p2 = Point(10, 20); let p3 = " #~ "add(&p1, &p2); println!(\"&p3.0: {:p}\", &p3.0); println!(\"{p1:?} + " #~ "{p2:?} = {p3:?}\"); }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn main() { let p1 = Point(3, 4); let p2 = Point(10, 20); let p3 = " #~ "add(&p1, &p2); println!(\"&p3.0: {:p}\", &p3.0); println!(\"{p1:?} + " #~ "{p2:?} = {p3:?}\"); }" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut a: i32 = 10;\n" #~ " let b: &i32 = &a;\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let mut a: i32 = 10;\n" #~ " let b: &i32 = &a;\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "{\n" #~ " let c: &mut i32 = &mut a;\n" #~ " *c = 20;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "{\n" #~ " let c: &mut i32 = &mut a;\n" #~ " *c = 20;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "println!(\"a: {a}\");\n" #~ "println!(\"b: {b}\");\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "println!(\"a: {a}\");\n" #~ "println!(\"b: {b}\");\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "fn left_most\\<'a>(p1: &'a Point, p2: &'a Point) -> &'a Point { if p1.0 " #~ "\\< p2.0 { p1 } else { p2 } }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn left_most\\<'a>(p1: &'a Point, p2: &'a Point) -> &'a Point { if p1.0 " #~ "\\< p2.0 { p1 } else { p2 } }" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,ignore\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Point(i32, i32);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,ignore\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Point(i32, i32);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Highlight<'doc>(&'doc str);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Highlight<'doc>(&'doc str);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "fn erase(text: String) { println!(\"Bye {text}!\"); }" #~ msgstr "fn erase(text: String) { println!(\"Bye {text}!\"); }" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "\n" #~ "# Lifetimes in Data Structures\n" #~ "\n" #~ "If a data type stores borrowed data, it must be annotated with a " #~ "lifetime:\n" #~ "\n" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Highlight<'doc>(&'doc str);\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn erase(text: String) {\n" #~ " println!(\"Bye {text}!\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "
\n" #~ "\n" #~ "* In the above example, the annotation on `Highlight` enforces that the " #~ "data underlying the contained `&str` lives at least as long as any " #~ "instance of `Highlight` that uses that data.\n" #~ "* If `text` is consumed before the end of the lifetime of `fox` (or " #~ "`dog`), the borrow checker throws an error.\n" #~ "* Types with borrowed data force users to hold on to the original data. " #~ "This can be useful for creating lightweight views, but it generally makes " #~ "them somewhat harder to use.\n" #~ "* When possible, make data structures own their data directly.\n" #~ "* Some structs with multiple references inside can have more than one " #~ "lifetime annotation. This can be necessary if there is a need to describe " #~ "lifetime relationships between the references themselves, in addition to " #~ "the lifetime of the struct itself. Those are very advanced use cases.\n" #~ "
\n" #~ "\n" #~ "# Lifetimes in Data Structures\n" #~ "\n" #~ "If a data type stores borrowed data, it must be annotated with a " #~ "lifetime:\n" #~ "\n" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Highlight<'doc>(&'doc str);\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn erase(text: String) {\n" #~ " println!(\"Bye {text}!\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let text = String::from(\"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog." #~ "\");\n" #~ " let fox = Highlight(&text[4..19]);\n" #~ " let dog = Highlight(&text[35..43]);\n" #~ " // erase(text);\n" #~ " println!(\"{fox:?}\");\n" #~ " println!(\"{dog:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "\n" #~ "# Czasy życia w strukturach danych\n" #~ "\n" #~ "Jeżeli typ danych przechowuje pożyczone dane, to muszą one mieć adnotcję " #~ "czasu życia:\n" #~ "\n" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Highlight<'doc>(&'doc str);\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn erase(text: String) {\n" #~ " println!(\"Bye {text}!\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "
\n" #~ "\n" #~ "* W powyższym przykładzie, adnotacja na `Highlight` wymaga żeby dane w " #~ "zawartym `&str` żyły co najmniej tak długo jak instancja `Highlight`, " #~ "która używa tych danych.\n" #~ "* Jeżeli `text` jest skonsumowany przed końcem życia `fox` (lub `dog`), " #~ "to nadzorca pożyczania pokaże błąd.\n" #~ "* Typy z pożyczonymi danymi wymagają od użytkowników utrzymywania " #~ "oryginalnych danych. Jest to przydatne przy tworzeniu lekkich widoków, " #~ "ale generalnie powoduje, że są trudniejsze w użyciu.\n" #~ "* Jeżeli możliwe twórz struktury danych, które bezpośrednio są " #~ "właścicielami swoich danych.\n" #~ "* Niektóre struktury z wieloma referencjami mogą mieć więcej niż jedną " #~ "adnotację cyklu życia. To może być potrzebne jeżeli potrzebujesz opisać " #~ "relację cyklu życia pomiędzy referencjami w dodatku do cyklu życia samej " #~ "struktury. Są to bardzo zaawansowane przypadki użycia.\n" #~ "
\n" #~ "\n" #~ "# Lifetimes in Data Structures\n" #~ "\n" #~ "If a data type stores borrowed data, it must be annotated with a " #~ "lifetime:\n" #~ "\n" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Highlight<'doc>(&'doc str);\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn erase(text: String) {\n" #~ " println!(\"Bye {text}!\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let text = String::from(\"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog." #~ "\");\n" #~ " let fox = Highlight(&text[4..19]);\n" #~ " let dog = Highlight(&text[35..43]);\n" #~ " // erase(text);\n" #~ " println!(\"{fox:?}\");\n" #~ " println!(\"{dog:?}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "A small book library," #~ msgstr "Mała biblioteczka," #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Iterators and ownership (hard)." #~ msgstr "Iteratory i własność (trudne)." #~ msgid "struct Library { books: Vec" #~ msgstr "struct Library { books: Vec" #~ msgid ", }" #~ msgstr ", }" #~ msgid "struct Book { title: String, year: u16, }" #~ msgstr "struct Book { title: String, year: u16, }" #~ msgid "" #~ "impl Book { // This is a constructor, used below. fn new(title: &str, " #~ "year: u16) -> Book { Book { title: String::from(title), year, } } }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "impl Book { // To jest konstruktor używany poniżej. fn new(title: &str, " #~ "year: u16) -> Book { Book { title: String::from(title), year, } } }" #~ msgid "" #~ "// This makes it possible to print Book values with {}. impl std::fmt::" #~ "Display for Book { fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter\\<'\\_\\>) -" #~ "> std::fmt::Result { write!(f, \"{} ({})\", self.title, self.year) } }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "// Umożliwia to drukowanie wartości Book za pomocą {}. impl std::fmt::" #~ "Display for Book { fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter\\<'\\_\\>) -" #~ "> std::fmt::Result { write!(f, \"{} ({})\", self.title, self.year) } }" #~ msgid "impl Library { fn new() -> Library { unimplemented!() }" #~ msgstr "impl Library { fn new() -> Library { unimplemented!() }" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "//fn len(self) -> usize {\n" #~ "// unimplemented!()\n" #~ "//}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "//fn len(self) -> usize {\n" #~ "// unimplemented!()\n" #~ "//}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "//fn is_empty(self) -> bool {\n" #~ "// unimplemented!()\n" #~ "//}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "//fn is_empty(self) -> bool {\n" #~ "// unimplemented!()\n" #~ "//}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "//fn add_book(self, book: Book) {\n" #~ "// unimplemented!()\n" #~ "//}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "//fn add_book(self, book: Book) {\n" #~ "// unimplemented!()\n" #~ "//}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "//fn print_books(self) {\n" #~ "// unimplemented!()\n" #~ "//}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "//fn print_books(self) {\n" #~ "// unimplemented!()\n" #~ "//}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "//fn oldest_book(self) -> Option<&Book> {\n" #~ "// unimplemented!()\n" #~ "//}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "//fn oldest_book(self) -> Option<&Book> {\n" #~ "// unimplemented!()\n" #~ "//}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let v: Vec = vec![10, 20, 30];\n" #~ " let mut iter = v.iter();\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let v: Vec = vec![10, 20, 30];\n" #~ " let mut iter = v.iter();\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "let v0: Option<..> = iter.next();\n" #~ "println!(\"v0: {v0:?}\");\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "let v0: Option<..> = iter.next();\n" #~ "println!(\"v0: {v0:?}\");\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "fn into_iter(self) -> Self::IntoIter;\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "fn into_iter(self) -> Self::IntoIter;\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let v: Vec = vec![String::from(\"foo\"), String::" #~ "from(\"bar\")];\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn main() {\n" #~ " let v: Vec = vec![String::from(\"foo\"), String::" #~ "from(\"bar\")];\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "for word in &v {\n" #~ " println!(\"word: {word}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "for word in &v {\n" #~ " println!(\"word: {word}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "for word in v {\n" #~ " println!(\"word: {word}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "for word in v {\n" #~ " println!(\"word: {word}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "struct Person {\n" #~ " name: String,\n" #~ " age: u8,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "struct Person {\n" #~ " name: String,\n" #~ " age: u8,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "fn main() { let mut peter = Person { name: String::from(\"Peter\"), age: " #~ "27, }; println!(\"{} is {} years old\", peter.name, peter.age);" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn main() { let mut peter = Person { name: String::from(\"Peter\"), age: " #~ "27, }; println!(\"{} ma {} lat\", peter.name, peter.age);" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "struct Point(i32, i32);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "struct Point(i32, i32);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "struct PoundOfForce(f64);\n" #~ "struct Newtons(f64);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "struct PoundOfForce(f64);\n" #~ "struct Newtons(f64);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "fn compute_thruster_force() -> PoundOfForce { todo!(\"Ask a rocket " #~ "scientist at NASA\") }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn compute_thruster_force() -> PoundOfForce { todo!(\"Zapytaj naukowca " #~ "rakietowego z NASA\") }" #~ msgid "fn set_thruster_force(force: Newtons) { // ... }" #~ msgstr "fn set_thruster_force(force: Newtons) { // ... }" #~ msgid "" #~ "fn main() { let force = compute_thruster_force(); " #~ "set_thruster_force(force); }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn main() { let force = compute_thruster_force(); " #~ "set_thruster_force(force); }" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Person {\n" #~ " name: String,\n" #~ " age: u8,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Person {\n" #~ " name: String,\n" #~ " age: u8,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "impl Person { fn new(name: String, age: u8) -> Person { Person { name, " #~ "age } } }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "impl Person { fn new(name: String, age: u8) -> Person { Person { name, " #~ "age } } }" #~ msgid "" #~ "fn main() { let peter = Person::new(String::from(\"Peter\"), 27); println!" #~ "(\"{peter:?}\"); }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn main() { let peter = Person::new(String::from(\"Peter\"), 27); println!" #~ "(\"{peter:?}\"); }" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn generate_random_number() -> i32 {\n" #~ " 4 // Chosen by fair dice roll. Guaranteed to be random.\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "fn generate_random_number() -> i32 {\n" #~ " 4 // Wyznaczone rzutem kości. Gwarantowana losowość.\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "\\#\\[derive(Debug)\\] enum CoinFlip { Heads, Tails, }" #~ msgstr "\\#\\[derive(Debug)\\] enum CoinFlip { Heads, Tails, }" #~ msgid "" #~ "fn flip_coin() -> CoinFlip { let random_number = " #~ "generate_random_number(); if random_number % 2 == 0 { return CoinFlip::" #~ "Heads; } else { return CoinFlip::Tails; } }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn flip_coin() -> CoinFlip { let random_number = " #~ "generate_random_number(); if random_number % 2 == 0 { return CoinFlip::" #~ "Heads; } else { return CoinFlip::Tails; } }" #~ msgid "fn main() { println!(\"You got: {:?}\", flip_coin()); }" #~ msgstr "fn main() { println!(\"Wynik: {:?}\", flip_coin()); }" #~ msgid "" #~ "\\#\\[rustfmt::skip\\] fn inspect(event: WebEvent) { match event " #~ "{ WebEvent::PageLoad => println!(\"page loaded\"), WebEvent::" #~ "KeyPress(c) => println!(\"pressed '{c}'\"), WebEvent::Click { x, y } " #~ "=> println!(\"clicked at x={x}, y={y}\"), } }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "\\#\\[rustfmt::skip\\] fn inspect(event: WebEvent) { match event " #~ "{ WebEvent::PageLoad => println!(\"strona załadowana\"), WebEvent::" #~ "KeyPress(c) => println!(\"przyciśnięto '{c}'\"), WebEvent::Click { x, " #~ "y } => println!(\"kliknięto w x={x}, y={y}\"), } }" #~ msgid "" #~ "fn main() { let load = WebEvent::PageLoad; let press = WebEvent::" #~ "KeyPress('x'); let click = WebEvent::Click { x: 20, y: 80 };" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn main() { let load = WebEvent::PageLoad; let press = WebEvent::" #~ "KeyPress('x'); let click = WebEvent::Click { x: 20, y: 80 };" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "inspect(load);\n" #~ "inspect(press);\n" #~ "inspect(click);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "inspect(load);\n" #~ "inspect(press);\n" #~ "inspect(click);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "use std::mem::{align_of, size_of};\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "use std::mem::{align_of, size_of};\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "macro_rules! dbg_size { ($t:ty) => { println!(\"{}: size {} bytes, align: " #~ "{} bytes\", stringify!($t), size_of::\\<$t>(), align_of::\\<$t>()); }; }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "macro_rules! dbg_size { ($t:ty) => { println!(\"{}: rozmiar {} bajtów, " #~ "wyrównanie: {} bytes\", stringify!($t), size_of::\\<$t>(), align_of::" #~ "\\<$t>()); }; }" #~ msgid "enum Foo { A, B, }" #~ msgstr "enum Foo { A, B, }" #~ msgid "\\#\\[repr(u32)\\] enum Bar { A, // 0 B = 10000, C, // 10001 }" #~ msgstr "\\#\\[repr(u32)\\] enum Bar { A, // 0 B = 10000, C, // 10001 }" #~ msgid "" #~ "fn main() { dbg_size!(Foo); dbg_size!(Bar); dbg_size!(bool); dbg_size!" #~ "(Option" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn main() { dbg_size!(Foo); dbg_size!(Bar); dbg_size!(bool); dbg_size!" #~ "(Option" #~ msgid "); dbg_size!(&i32); dbg_size!(Option\\<&i32>); }" #~ msgstr "); dbg_size!(&i32); dbg_size!(Option\\<&i32>); }" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Key Points: " #~ msgstr "Kluczowe punkty:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "`Option` is another example of tight packing." #~ msgstr "`Option` to kolejny przykład ciasnego upakowania." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Zero-sized types allow for efficient implementation of `HashSet` using " #~ "`HashMap` with `()` as the value." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Typy o zerowym rozmiarze pozwalają na wydajną implementację `HashSet` " #~ "przy użyciu `HashMap` z `()` jako wartością." #~ msgid "" #~ "macro_rules! dbg_bits { ($e:expr, $bit_type:ty) => { println!(\"- {}: {:" #~ "#x}\", stringify!($e), transmute::\\<\\_, $bit_type>($e)); }; }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "macro_rules! dbg_bits { ($e:expr, $bit_type:ty) => { println!(\"- {}: {:" #~ "#x}\", stringify!($e), transmute::\\<\\_, $bit_type>($e)); }; }" #~ msgid "" #~ "fn main() { // TOTALLY UNSAFE. Rust provides no guarantees about the " #~ "bitwise // representation of types. unsafe { println!(\"Bitwise " #~ "representation of bool\"); dbg_bits!(false, u8); dbg_bits!(true, u8);" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn main() { // NIEBEZPIECZNE. Rust nie daje gwarancji jak dany typ jest " #~ "przedstawiony w pamięci. unsafe { println!(\"Bitowa reprezentacja typu " #~ "bool\"); dbg_bits!(false, u8); dbg_bits!(true, u8);" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ " println!(\"Bitwise representation of Option\");\n" #~ " dbg_bits!(None::, u8);\n" #~ " dbg_bits!(Some(false), u8);\n" #~ " dbg_bits!(Some(true), u8);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ " println!(\"Bitowa reprezentacja Option\");\n" #~ " dbg_bits!(None::, u8);\n" #~ " dbg_bits!(Some(false), u8);\n" #~ " dbg_bits!(Some(true), u8);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ " println!(\"Bitwise representation of Option>\");\n" #~ " dbg_bits!(Some(Some(false)), u8);\n" #~ " dbg_bits!(Some(Some(true)), u8);\n" #~ " dbg_bits!(Some(None::), u8);\n" #~ " dbg_bits!(None::>, u8);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ " println!(\"Bitowa reprezentacja Option>\");\n" #~ " dbg_bits!(Some(Some(false)), u8);\n" #~ " dbg_bits!(Some(Some(true)), u8);\n" #~ " dbg_bits!(Some(None::), u8);\n" #~ " dbg_bits!(None::>, u8);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ " println!(\"Bitwise representation of Option<&i32>\");\n" #~ " dbg_bits!(None::<&i32>, usize);\n" #~ " dbg_bits!(Some(&0i32), usize);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ " println!(\"Bitowa reprezentacja Option<&i32>\");\n" #~ " dbg_bits!(None::<&i32>, usize);\n" #~ " dbg_bits!(Some(&0i32), usize);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "#![recursion_limit = \"1000\"]\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "#![recursion_limit = \"1000\"]\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "use std::mem::transmute;" #~ msgstr "use std::mem::transmute;" #~ msgid "" #~ "// Macro to wrap a value in 2^n Some() where n is the number of \"@\" " #~ "signs. // Increasing the recursion limit is required to evaluate this " #~ "macro. macro_rules! many_options { ($value:expr) => { Some($value) }; " #~ "($value:expr, @) => { Some(Some($value)) }; ($value:expr, @ $($more:tt)+) " #~ "=> { many_options!(many_options!($value, $($more)+), $($more)+) }; }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "// Makro pakujące wartość w 2^n Some() gdzie n to liczba znaków \"@\". // " #~ "Zwiększnie limitu rekurencji jest wymagane żeby wywołać to makro. " #~ "macro_rules! many_options { ($value:expr) => { Some($value) }; ($value:" #~ "expr, @) => { Some(Some($value)) }; ($value:expr, @ $($more:tt)+) => " #~ "{ many_options!(many_options!($value, $($more)+), $($more)+) }; }" #~ msgid "" #~ "fn main() { // TOTALLY UNSAFE. Rust provides no guarantees about the " #~ "bitwise // representation of types. unsafe { assert_eq!(many_options!" #~ "(false), Some(false)); assert_eq!(many_options!(false, @), " #~ "Some(Some(false))); assert_eq!(many_options!(false, @@), " #~ "Some(Some(Some(Some(false)))));" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn main() { // NIEBEZPIECZNE. Rust nie daje gwarancji jak dany typ jest " #~ "przedstawiony w pamięci. unsafe { assert_eq!(many_options!(false), " #~ "Some(false)); assert_eq!(many_options!(false, @), Some(Some(false))); " #~ "assert_eq!(many_options!(false, @@), Some(Some(Some(Some(false)))));" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ " println!(\"Bitwise representation of a chain of 128 Option's.\");\n" #~ " dbg_bits!(many_options!(false, @@@@@@@), u8);\n" #~ " dbg_bits!(many_options!(true, @@@@@@@), u8);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ " println!(\"Bitowa reprezentacja łańcucha 128 Option.\");\n" #~ " dbg_bits!(many_options!(false, @@@@@@@), u8);\n" #~ " dbg_bits!(many_options!(true, @@@@@@@), u8);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ " println!(\"Bitwise representation of a chain of 256 Option's.\");\n" #~ " dbg_bits!(many_options!(false, @@@@@@@@), u16);\n" #~ " dbg_bits!(many_options!(true, @@@@@@@@), u16);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ " println!(\"Bitowa reprezentacja łańcucha 256 Option.\");\n" #~ " dbg_bits!(many_options!(false, @@@@@@@@), u16);\n" #~ " dbg_bits!(many_options!(true, @@@@@@@@), u16);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ " println!(\"Bitwise representation of a chain of 257 Option's.\");\n" #~ " dbg_bits!(many_options!(Some(false), @@@@@@@@), u16);\n" #~ " dbg_bits!(many_options!(Some(true), @@@@@@@@), u16);\n" #~ " dbg_bits!(many_options!(None::, @@@@@@@@), u16);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ " println!(\"Bitowa reprezentacja łańcucha 257 Option.\");\n" #~ " dbg_bits!(many_options!(Some(false), @@@@@@@@), u16);\n" #~ " dbg_bits!(many_options!(Some(true), @@@@@@@@), u16);\n" #~ " dbg_bits!(many_options!(None::, @@@@@@@@), u16);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "impl Person { fn say_hello(&self) { println!(\"Hello, my name is {}\", " #~ "self.name); } }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "impl Person { fn say_hello(&self) { println!(\"Cześć, mam na imię {}\", " #~ "self.name); } }" #~ msgid "" #~ "fn main() { let peter = Person { name: String::from(\"Peter\"), age: " #~ "27, }; peter.say_hello(); }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn main() { let peter = Person { name: String::from(\"Peter\"), age: " #~ "27, }; peter.say_hello(); }" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "`mut self`: same as above, but while the method owns the object, it can " #~ "mutate it too. Complete ownership does not automatically mean mutability." #~ msgstr "" #~ "`mut self`: to samo co powyżej, ale gdy metoda jest właścicielem obiektu, " #~ "może też mutuj. Pełna własność nie oznacza automatycznie zmienności." #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Race {\n" #~ " name: String,\n" #~ " laps: Vec,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n" #~ "struct Race {\n" #~ " name: String,\n" #~ " laps: Vec,\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "impl Race { fn new(name: &str) -> Race { // No receiver, a static method " #~ "Race { name: String::from(name), laps: Vec::new() } }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "impl Wyścig { fn new(name: &str) -> Race { // Brak odbiornika, metoda " #~ "statyczna Wyścig { nazwa: String::from(name), okrążenia: Vec::new() } }" #~ msgid "" #~ "fn main() { let mut race = Race::new(\"Monaco Grand Prix\"); race." #~ "add_lap(70); race.add_lap(68); race.print_laps(); race.add_lap(71); race." #~ "print_laps(); race.finish(); // race.add_lap(42); }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn main() { let mut race = Race::new(\"Monaco Grand Prix\"); race." #~ "add_lap(70); race.add_lap(68); race.print_laps(); race.add_lap(71); race." #~ "print_laps(); race.finish(); // race.add_lap(42); }" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "fn divide_in_two(n: i32) -> Result { if n % 2 == 0 { Result::Ok(n / 2) } " #~ "else { Result::Err(format!(\"cannot divide {n} into two equal " #~ "parts\")) } }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn dzielenie_na_dwa(n: i32) -> Wynik { jeśli n % 2 == 0 { Wynik::OK(n / " #~ "2) } w przeciwnym razie { Result::Err(format!(\"nie można podzielić {n} " #~ "na dwie równe części\")) } }" #~ msgid "struct User { name: String, age: u32, weight: f32, }" #~ msgstr "struct User { name: String, age: u32, weight: f32, }" #~ msgid "" #~ "impl User { pub fn new(name: String, age: u32, weight: f32) -> Self " #~ "{ unimplemented!() }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "impl User { pub fn new(name: String, age: u32, weight: f32) -> Self " #~ "{ unimplemented!() }" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "pub fn name(&self) -> &str {\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "pub fn name(&self) -> &str {\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "pub fn age(&self) -> u32 {\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "pub fn age(&self) -> u32 {\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "pub fn weight(&self) -> f32 {\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "pub fn weight(&self) -> f32 {\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "pub fn set_age(&mut self, new_age: u32) {\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "pub fn set_age(&mut self, new_age: u32) {\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "pub fn set_weight(&mut self, new_weight: f32) {\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "pub fn set_weight(&mut self, new_weight: f32) {\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "fn main() { let bob = User::new(String::from(\"Bob\"), 32, 155.2); " #~ "println!(\"I'm {} and my age is {}\", bob.name(), bob.age()); }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn main() { let bob = User::new(String::from(\"Bob\"), 32, 155.2); " #~ "println!(\"Jestem {} i mam {} lat\", bob.name(), bob.age()); }" #~ msgid "" #~ "\\#\\[test\\] fn test_weight() { let bob = User::new(String::" #~ "from(\"Bob\"), 32, 155.2); assert_eq!(bob.weight(), 155.2); }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "\\#\\[test\\] fn test_weight() { let bob = User::new(String::" #~ "from(\"Bob\"), 32, 155.2); assert_eq!(bob.weight(), 155.2); }" #~ msgid "" #~ "\\#\\[test\\] fn test_set_age() { let mut bob = User::new(String::" #~ "from(\"Bob\"), 32, 155.2); assert_eq!(bob.age(), 32); bob.set_age(33); " #~ "assert_eq!(bob.age(), 33); }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "\\#\\[test\\] fn test_set_age() { let mut bob = User::new(String::" #~ "from(\"Bob\"), 32, 155.2); assert_eq!(bob.age(), 32); bob.set_age(33); " #~ "assert_eq!(bob.age(), 33); }" #~ msgid "pub struct Point { // add fields }" #~ msgstr "pub struct Point { // dodaj pola }" #~ msgid "impl Point { // add methods }" #~ msgstr "impl Point { // dodaj metody }" #~ msgid "pub struct Polygon { // add fields }" #~ msgstr "pub struct Polygon { // dodaj pola }" #~ msgid "impl Polygon { // add methods }" #~ msgstr "impl Polygon { // dodaj metody }" #~ msgid "pub struct Circle { // add fields }" #~ msgstr "pub struct Circle { // dodaj pola }" #~ msgid "impl Circle { // add methods }" #~ msgstr "impl Circle { // dodaj metody }" #~ msgid "pub enum Shape { Polygon(Polygon), Circle(Circle), }" #~ msgstr "pub enum Shape { Polygon(Polygon), Circle(Circle), }" #~ msgid "\\#\\[cfg(test)\\] mod tests { use super::\\*;" #~ msgstr "\\#\\[cfg(test)\\] mod tests { use super::\\*;" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "fn round_two_digits(x: f64) -> f64 {\n" #~ " (x * 100.0).round() / 100.0\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "fn round_two_digits(x: f64) -> f64 {\n" #~ " (x * 100.0).round() / 100.0\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_point_magnitude() {\n" #~ " let p1 = Point::new(12, 13);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(round_two_digits(p1.magnitude()), 17.69);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_point_magnitude() {\n" #~ " let p1 = Point::new(12, 13);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(round_two_digits(p1.magnitude()), 17.69);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_point_dist() {\n" #~ " let p1 = Point::new(10, 10);\n" #~ " let p2 = Point::new(14, 13);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(round_two_digits(p1.dist(p2)), 5.00);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_point_dist() {\n" #~ " let p1 = Point::new(10, 10);\n" #~ " let p2 = Point::new(14, 13);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(round_two_digits(p1.dist(p2)), 5.00);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_point_add() {\n" #~ " let p1 = Point::new(16, 16);\n" #~ " let p2 = p1 + Point::new(-4, 3);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(p2, Point::new(12, 19));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_point_add() {\n" #~ " let p1 = Point::new(16, 16);\n" #~ " let p2 = p1 + Point::new(-4, 3);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(p2, Point::new(12, 19));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_polygon_left_most_point() {\n" #~ " let p1 = Point::new(12, 13);\n" #~ " let p2 = Point::new(16, 16);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_polygon_left_most_point() {\n" #~ " let p1 = Point::new(12, 13);\n" #~ " let p2 = Point::new(16, 16);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ " let mut poly = Polygon::new();\n" #~ " poly.add_point(p1);\n" #~ " poly.add_point(p2);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(poly.left_most_point(), Some(p1));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ " let mut poly = Polygon::new();\n" #~ " poly.add_point(p1);\n" #~ " poly.add_point(p2);\n" #~ " assert_eq!(poly.left_most_point(), Some(p1));\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_polygon_iter() {\n" #~ " let p1 = Point::new(12, 13);\n" #~ " let p2 = Point::new(16, 16);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_polygon_iter() {\n" #~ " let p1 = Point::new(12, 13);\n" #~ " let p2 = Point::new(16, 16);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ " let mut poly = Polygon::new();\n" #~ " poly.add_point(p1);\n" #~ " poly.add_point(p2);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ " let mut poly = Polygon::new();\n" #~ " poly.add_point(p1);\n" #~ " poly.add_point(p2);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ " let points = poly.iter().cloned().collect::>();\n" #~ " assert_eq!(points, vec![Point::new(12, 13), Point::new(16, 16)]);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ " let points = poly.iter().cloned().collect::>();\n" #~ " assert_eq!(points, vec![Point::new(12, 13), Point::new(16, 16)]);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_shape_perimeters() {\n" #~ " let mut poly = Polygon::new();\n" #~ " poly.add_point(Point::new(12, 13));\n" #~ " poly.add_point(Point::new(17, 11));\n" #~ " poly.add_point(Point::new(16, 16));\n" #~ " let shapes = vec![\n" #~ " Shape::from(poly),\n" #~ " Shape::from(Circle::new(Point::new(10, 20), 5)),\n" #~ " ];\n" #~ " let perimeters = shapes\n" #~ " .iter()\n" #~ " .map(Shape::perimeter)\n" #~ " .map(round_two_digits)\n" #~ " .collect::>();\n" #~ " assert_eq!(perimeters, vec![15.48, 31.42]);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "#[test]\n" #~ "fn test_shape_perimeters() {\n" #~ " let mut poly = Polygon::new();\n" #~ " poly.add_point(Point::new(12, 13));\n" #~ " poly.add_point(Point::new(17, 11));\n" #~ " poly.add_point(Point::new(16, 16));\n" #~ " let shapes = vec![\n" #~ " Shape::from(poly),\n" #~ " Shape::from(Circle::new(Point::new(10, 20), 5)),\n" #~ " ];\n" #~ " let perimeters = shapes\n" #~ " .iter()\n" #~ " .map(Shape::perimeter)\n" #~ " .map(round_two_digits)\n" #~ " .collect::>();\n" #~ " assert_eq!(perimeters, vec![15.48, 31.42]);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "\\#\\[allow(dead_code)\\] fn main() {}" #~ msgstr "\\#\\[allow(dead_code)\\] fn main() {}" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "You use `if` very similarly to how you would in other languages:" #~ msgstr "Używasz `if` bardzo podobnie jak w innych językach:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "If you want to match a value against a pattern, you can use `if let`:" #~ msgstr "Jeśli chcesz dopasować wartość do wzorca, możesz użyć `if let`:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "`if let` can be more concise than `match`, e.g., when only one case is " #~ "interesting. In contrast, `match` requires all branches to be covered." #~ msgstr "" #~ "`if let` może być bardziej zwięzłe niż `dopasuj`, np. gdy interesujący " #~ "jest tylko jeden przypadek. Natomiast „dopasowanie” wymaga pokrycia " #~ "wszystkich gałęzi." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "For the similar use case consider demonstrating a newly stabilized [`let " #~ "else`](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/93628) feature." #~ msgstr "" #~ "W przypadku podobnego przypadku rozważ zademonstrowanie nowo " #~ "ustabilizowanej funkcji [`let else`](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/" #~ "pull/93628)." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "The `while` keyword works very similar to other languages:" #~ msgstr "Słowo kluczowe `while` działa bardzo podobnie do innych języków:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "`for` expressions" #~ msgstr "wyrażenia `for`" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "for book in [\"Pride and Prejudice\", \"Alice's Adventure in " #~ "Wonderland\"] {\n" #~ " match page_counts.get(book) {\n" #~ " Some(count) => println!(\"{book}: {count} pages\"),\n" #~ " None => println!(\"{book} is unknown.\")\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "za książkę w [\"Duma i uprzedzenie\", \"Alicja w Krainie Czarów\"] {\n" #~ " dopasuj page_counts.get(book) {\n" #~ " Some(count) => println!(\"{książka}: {count} stron\"),\n" #~ " Brak => println!(\"{książka} jest nieznana.\")\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "If you need to mutate the data inside an `Rc`, you will need to wrap the " #~ "data in a type such as [`Cell` or `RefCell`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" #~ "std/cell/index.html)." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Jeśli musisz zmutować dane wewnątrz `Rc`, będziesz musiał zawinąć dane " #~ "typu takiego jak [`Cell` lub `RefCell`](../concurrency/shared_state/arc." #~ "md)." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Like C++'s `std::shared_ptr`." #~ msgstr "Podobnie jak `std::shared_ptr` C++." #~ msgid "" #~ "\\#\\[derive(Debug)\\] struct Node { value: i64, parent: " #~ "Option\\>, children: Vec\\>, children: Vec\\>, }" #~ msgstr "\\>>, }" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "The module content can be omitted:" #~ msgstr "Treść modułu można pominąć:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "The `garden` module content is found at:" #~ msgstr "Zawartość modułu `garden` znajduje się pod adresem:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "`src/garden.rs` (modern Rust 2018 style)" #~ msgstr "`src/garden.rs` (nowoczesny styl Rust 2018)" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "`src/garden/mod.rs` (older Rust 2015 style)" #~ msgstr "`src/garden/mod.rs` (starszy styl Rust 2015)" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Similarly, a `garden::vegetables` module can be found at:" #~ msgstr "Podobnie moduł `garden::vegetables` można znaleźć pod adresem:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "`src/garden/vegetables.rs` (modern Rust 2018 style)" #~ msgstr "`src/garden/vegetables.rs` (nowoczesny styl Rust 2018)" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "`src/garden/vegetables/mod.rs` (older Rust 2015 style)" #~ msgstr "`src/garden/vegetables/mod.rs` (starszy styl Rust 2015)" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "The change from `module/mod.rs` to `module.rs` doesn't preclude the use " #~ "of submodules in Rust 2018. (It was mandatory in Rust 2015.)" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Zmiana z `module/mod.rs` na `module.rs` nie wyklucza użycia submodułów w " #~ "Rust 2018. (Było to obowiązkowe w Rust 2015.)" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "The following is valid:" #~ msgstr "Poniższe jest ważne:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Copy the following code to and implement " #~ "the function:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Skopiuj poniższy kod do i zaimplementuj " #~ "funkcjonować:" #~ msgid "pub fn luhn(cc_number: &str) -> bool { unimplemented!() }" #~ msgstr "pub fn luhn(cc_number: &str) -> bool { unimplemented!() }" #~ msgid "" #~ "pub fn prefix_matches(prefix: &str, request_path: &str) -> bool " #~ "{ unimplemented!() }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "pub fn prefix_matches(prefix: &str, request_path: &str) -> bool " #~ "{ unimplemented!() }" #~ msgid "" #~ "\\#\\[test\\] fn test_matches_without_wildcard() { assert!" #~ "(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers\")); assert!" #~ "(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers/abc-123\")); assert!" #~ "(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers/abc/books\"));" #~ msgstr "" #~ "\\#\\[test\\] fn test_matches_without_wildcard() { assert!" #~ "(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers\")); assert!" #~ "(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers/abc-123\")); assert!" #~ "(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers/abc/books\"));" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1\"));\n" #~ "assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishersBooks\"));\n" #~ "assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/parent/publishers\"));\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1\"));\n" #~ "assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishersBooks\"));\n" #~ "assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/parent/publishers\"));\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "\\#\\[test\\] fn test_matches_with_wildcard() { assert!" #~ "(prefix_matches( \"/v1/publishers/_/books\", \"/v1/publishers/foo/" #~ "books\" )); assert!(prefix_matches( \"/v1/publishers/_/books\", \"/v1/" #~ "publishers/bar/books\" )); assert!(prefix_matches( \"/v1/publishers/\\*/" #~ "books\", \"/v1/publishers/foo/books/book1\" ));" #~ msgstr "" #~ "\\#\\[test\\] fn test_matches_with_wildcard() { assert!" #~ "(prefix_matches( \"/v1/publishers/_/books\", \"/v1/publishers/foo/" #~ "books\" )); assert!(prefix_matches( \"/v1/publishers/_/books\", \"/v1/" #~ "publishers/bar/books\" )); assert!(prefix_matches( \"/v1/publishers/\\*/" #~ "books\", \"/v1/publishers/foo/books/book1\" ));" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers/*/books\", \"/v1/" #~ "publishers\"));\n" #~ "assert!(!prefix_matches(\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/*/books\",\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/foo/booksByAuthor\"\n" #~ "));\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers/*/books\", \"/v1/" #~ "publishers\"));\n" #~ "assert!(!prefix_matches(\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/*/books\",\n" #~ " \"/v1/publishers/foo/booksByAuthor\"\n" #~ "));\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "struct Dog { name: String, }" #~ msgstr "pies konstrukcyjny { imię: Ciąg, }" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "impl Equals for Centimeter { fn equal(&self, other: &Centimeter) -> bool " #~ "{ self.0 == other.0 } }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "impl Równa się dla centymetra { fn równy(&ja; inny: &Centymetr) -> bool " #~ "{ sam.0 == inny.0 } }" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "fn add(self, other: Self) -> Self {\n" #~ " Self {x: self.x + other.x, y: self.y + other.y}\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "fn add(sam, inny: Własny) -> Własny {\n" #~ " Ja {x: ja.x + inny.x, y: ja.y + inny.y}\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "impl Default for Implemented { fn default() -> Self { Self(\"John Smith\"." #~ "into()) } }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "impl Domyślnie dla zaimplementowanych { fn default() -> Własny " #~ "{ Self(\"Jan Kowalski\".do()) } }" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "impl" #~ msgstr "impl" #, fuzzy #~ msgid " { fn x(&self) -> &T { &self.0 // + 10 }" #~ msgstr " { fn x(&ja) -> &T { &sobie.0 // + 10 }" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "\\>(x: T) -> i32 { fn add_42_millions(x: impl Into" #~ msgstr "\\>(x: T) -> i32 { fn add_42_milions(x: impl Into" #, fuzzy #~ msgid ") -> i32 { x.into() + 42_000_000 }" #~ msgstr ") -> i32 { x.do() + 42_000_000 }" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "fn get_x(name: impl Display) -> impl Display { format!(\"Hello {name}\") }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn get_x(nazwa: impl Wyświetl) -> impl Wyświetl { format!(\"Witaj " #~ "{imię}\") }" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "`impl Trait` cannot be used with the `::<>` turbo fish syntax." #~ msgstr "`impl Trait` nie może być używany ze składnią `::<>` turbofish." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "`move` closures only implement `FnOnce`." #~ msgstr "Zamknięcia `move` implementują tylko `FnOnce`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "enum Option_f64 { Some(f64), None, }" #~ msgstr "wyliczenie Option_f64 { Niektóre (f64), Nic, }" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "We've seen how a function can take arguments which implement a trait:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Widzieliśmy, jak funkcja może przyjmować argumenty, które implementują " #~ "cechę:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "However, how can we store a collection of mixed types which implement " #~ "`Display`?" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Jak jednak możemy przechowywać kolekcję typów mieszanych, które " #~ "implementują `Display`?" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "For this, we need _trait objects_:" #~ msgstr "W tym celu potrzebujemy _obiektów cech_:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Similarly, you need a trait object if you want to return different types " #~ "implementing a trait:" #~ msgstr "" #~ "Podobnie potrzebujesz obiektu cechy, jeśli chcesz zwrócić różne typy " #~ "wdrożenie cechy:" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,should_panic\n" #~ "// TODO: remove this when you're done with your implementation.\n" #~ "#![allow(unused_imports, unused_variables, dead_code)]\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,should_panic\n" #~ "// TODO: usuń to jak skończysz implementację.\n" #~ "#![allow(unused_imports, unused_variables, dead_code)]\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "pub trait Widget { /// Natural width of `self`. fn width(&self) -> usize;" #~ msgstr "" #~ "pub trait Widget { /// Naturalna szerokość `self`. fn width(&self) -> " #~ "usize;" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "/// Draw the widget into a buffer.\n" #~ "fn draw_into(&self, buffer: &mut dyn std::fmt::Write);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "/// Narysuj widget w buforze.\n" #~ "fn draw_into(&self, buffer: &mut dyn std::fmt::Write);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "/// Draw the widget on standard output.\n" #~ "fn draw(&self) {\n" #~ " let mut buffer = String::new();\n" #~ " self.draw_into(&mut buffer);\n" #~ " println!(\"{buffer}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "/// Narysuj widget na standardowym wyjściu.\n" #~ "fn draw(&self) {\n" #~ " let mut buffer = String::new();\n" #~ " self.draw_into(&mut buffer);\n" #~ " println!(\"{buffer}\");\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "pub struct Label { label: String, }" #~ msgstr "pub struct Label { label: String, }" #~ msgid "" #~ "impl Label { fn new(label: &str) -> Label { Label { label: label." #~ "to_owned(), } } }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "impl Label { fn new(label: &str) -> Label { Label { label: label." #~ "to_owned(), } } }" #~ msgid "pub struct Button { label: Label, callback: Box\\, }" #~ msgstr "pub struct Button { label: Label, callback: Box\\, }" #~ msgid "" #~ "impl Button { fn new(label: &str, callback: Box\\) -> Button " #~ "{ Button { label: Label::new(label), callback, } } }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "impl Button { fn new(label: &str, callback: Box\\) -> Button " #~ "{ Button { label: Label::new(label), callback, } } }" #~ msgid "pub struct Window { title: String, widgets: Vec\\, }" #~ msgstr "\\>, }" #~ msgid "" #~ "impl Window { fn new(title: &str) -> Window { Window { title: title." #~ "to_owned(), widgets: Vec::new(), } }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "impl Window { fn new(title: &str) -> Window { Window { title: title." #~ "to_owned(), widgets: Vec::new(), } }" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "fn add_widget(&mut self, widget: Box) {\n" #~ " self.widgets.push(widget);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "fn add_widget(&mut self, widget: Box) {\n" #~ " self.widgets.push(widget);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "impl Widget for Label { fn width(&self) -> usize { unimplemented!() }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "impl Widget for Label { fn width(&self) -> usize { unimplemented!() }" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "fn draw_into(&self, buffer: &mut dyn std::fmt::Write) {\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "fn draw_into(&self, buffer: &mut dyn std::fmt::Write) {\n" #~ " unimplemented!()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "impl Widget for Button { fn width(&self) -> usize { unimplemented!() }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "impl Widget for Button { fn width(&self) -> usize { unimplemented!() }" #~ msgid "" #~ "impl Widget for Window { fn width(&self) -> usize { unimplemented!() }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "impl Widget for Window { fn width(&self) -> usize { unimplemented!() }" #~ msgid "" #~ "let result = panic::catch_unwind(|| { println!(\"hello!\"); }); assert!" #~ "(result.is_ok());" #~ msgstr "" #~ "let result = panic::catch_unwind(|| { println!(\"cześć!\"); }); assert!" #~ "(result.is_ok());" #~ msgid "" #~ "let result = panic::catch_unwind(|| { panic!(\"oh no!\"); }); assert!" #~ "(result.is_err());" #~ msgstr "" #~ "let result = panic::catch_unwind(|| { panic!(\"o nie!\"); }); assert!" #~ "(result.is_err());" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "use std::fs::File;\n" #~ "use std::io::Read;\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust\n" #~ "use std::fs::File;\n" #~ "use std::io::Read;\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "use std::fs;\n" #~ "use std::io::{self, Read};\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "use std::fs;\n" #~ "use std::io::{self, Read};\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "fn read_username(path: &str) -> Result\\ { let " #~ "username_file_result = fs::File::open(path);" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn read_username(path: &str) -> Result\\ { let " #~ "username_file_result = fs::File::open(path);" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "let mut username_file = match username_file_result {\n" #~ " Ok(file) => file,\n" #~ " Err(e) => return Err(e),\n" #~ "};\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "let mut username_file = match username_file_result {\n" #~ " Ok(file) => file,\n" #~ " Err(e) => return Err(e),\n" #~ "};\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "let mut username = String::new();\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "let mut username = String::new();\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "match username_file.read_to_string(&mut username) {\n" #~ " Ok(_) => Ok(username),\n" #~ " Err(e) => Err(e),\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "match username_file.read_to_string(&mut username) {\n" #~ " Ok(_) => Ok(username),\n" #~ " Err(e) => Err(e),\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "fn main() { //fs::write(\"config.dat\", \"alice\").unwrap(); let username " #~ "= read_username(\"config.dat\"); println!(\"username or error: " #~ "{username:?}\"); }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn main() { //fs::write(\"config.dat\", \"alice\").unwrap(); let username " #~ "= read_username(\"config.dat\"); println!(\"nazwa użytkownika lub błąd: " #~ "{username:?}\"); }" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "use std::error::Error;\n" #~ "use std::fmt::{self, Display, Formatter};\n" #~ "use std::fs::{self, File};\n" #~ "use std::io::{self, Read};\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable\n" #~ "use std::error::Error;\n" #~ "use std::fmt::{self, Display, Formatter};\n" #~ "use std::fs::{self, File};\n" #~ "use std::io::{self, Read};\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "\\#\\[derive(Debug)\\] enum ReadUsernameError { IoError(io::Error), " #~ "EmptyUsername(String), }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "\\#\\[derive(Debug)\\] enum ReadUsernameError { IoError(io::Error), " #~ "EmptyUsername(String), }" #~ msgid "impl Error for ReadUsernameError {}" #~ msgstr "impl Error for ReadUsernameError {}" #~ msgid "" #~ "impl Display for ReadUsernameError { fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter) -> " #~ "fmt::Result { match self { Self::IoError(e) => write!(f, \"IO error: " #~ "{}\", e), Self::EmptyUsername(filename) => write!(f, \"Found no username " #~ "in {}\", filename), } } }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "impl Display for ReadUsernameError { fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter) -> " #~ "fmt::Result { match self { Self::IoError(e) => write!(f, \"Błąd wejścia/" #~ "wyjścia: {}\", e), Self::EmptyUsername(filename) => write!(f, \"Nie " #~ "znaleziono nazwy użytkownika w {}\", filename), } } }" #~ msgid "" #~ "impl From for ReadUsernameError { fn from(err: io::Error) -> " #~ "ReadUsernameError { ReadUsernameError::IoError(err) } }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "impl From for ReadUsernameError { fn from(err: io::Error) -> " #~ "ReadUsernameError { ReadUsernameError::IoError(err) } }" #~ msgid "" #~ "fn read_username(path: &str) -> Result\\ { let " #~ "mut username = String::with_capacity(100); File::open(path)?." #~ "read_to_string(&mut username)?; if username.is_empty() { return " #~ "Err(ReadUsernameError::EmptyUsername(String::from(path))); } " #~ "Ok(username) }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn read_username(path: &str) -> Result\\ { let " #~ "mut username = String::with_capacity(100); File::open(path)?." #~ "read_to_string(&mut username)?; if username.is_empty() { return " #~ "Err(ReadUsernameError::EmptyUsername(String::from(path))); } " #~ "Ok(username) }" #~ msgid "" #~ "fn main() { //fs::write(\"config.dat\", \"\").unwrap(); let username = " #~ "read_username(\"config.dat\"); println!(\"username or error: " #~ "{username:?}\"); }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn main() { //fs::write(\"config.dat\", \"\").unwrap(); let username = " #~ "read_username(\"config.dat\"); println!(\"nazwa użytkownika lub błąd: " #~ "{username:?}\"); }" #~ msgid "" #~ "\\#\\[derive(Debug, Error)\\] enum ReadUsernameError " #~ "{ \\#\\[error(\"Could not read: {0}\")\\] IoError(#\\[from\\] io::Error), " #~ "\\#\\[error(\"Found no username in {0}\")\\] EmptyUsername(String), }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "\\#\\[derive(Debug, Error)\\] enum ReadUsernameError { \\#\\[error(\"Nie " #~ "można odczytać: {0}\")\\] IoError(#\\[from\\] io::Error), " #~ "\\#\\[error(\"Nie znaleziono nazwy użytkownika w {0}\")\\] " #~ "EmptyUsername(String), }" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "use std::{fs, io};\n" #~ "use std::io::Read;\n" #~ "use anyhow::{Context, Result, bail};\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n" #~ "use std::{fs, io};\n" #~ "use std::io::Read;\n" #~ "use anyhow::{Context, Result, bail};\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "You will also want to browse the [`std::ffi`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/" #~ "std/ffi/) module, particular for [`CStr`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/" #~ "ffi/struct.CStr.html) and [`CString`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/" #~ "struct.CString.html) types which are used to hold NUL-terminated strings " #~ "coming from C. The [Nomicon](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/ffi.html) " #~ "also has a very useful chapter about FFI." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Będziesz także chciał przejrzeć moduł [`std::ffi`](https://doc.rust-lang." #~ "org/std/ffi/), w szczególności dla [`CStr`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/" #~ "ffi/struct.CStr.html) i [`CString`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/" #~ "struct.CString.html), które są używane do przechowywania ciągów znaków " #~ "zakończonych znakiem NUL pochodzących z C. [Nomicon](https://doc.rust-" #~ "lang.org/nomicon/ffi.html) zawiera również bardzo przydatny rozdział o " #~ "FFI." #~ msgid "" #~ "\\#\\[derive(Debug)\\] struct DirectoryIterator { path: CString, dir: " #~ "\\*mut ffi::DIR, }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "\\#\\[derive(Debug)\\] struct DirectoryIterator { path: CString, dir: " #~ "\\*mut ffi::DIR, }" #~ msgid "" #~ "impl Iterator for DirectoryIterator { type Item = OsString; fn next(&mut " #~ "self) -> Option" #~ msgstr "" #~ "impl Iterator for DirectoryIterator { type Item = OsString; fn next(&mut " #~ "self) -> Option" #~ msgid "" #~ "impl Drop for DirectoryIterator { fn drop(&mut self) { // Call closedir " #~ "as needed. unimplemented!() } }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "impl Drop for DirectoryIterator { fn drop(&mut self) { // Wywołaj " #~ "closedir. unimplemented!() } }" #~ msgid "" #~ "fn main() -> Result\\<(), String> { let iter = DirectoryIterator::new(\"." #~ "\")?; println!(\"files: {:#?}\", iter.collect::\\>()); " #~ "Ok(()) }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn main() -> Result\\<(), String> { let iter = DirectoryIterator::new(\"." #~ "\")?; println!(\"pliki: {:#?}\", iter.collect::\\>()); " #~ "Ok(()) }" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Today we will look at two main topics:" #~ msgstr "Dzisiaj przyjrzymy się dwóm głównym tematom:" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Concurrency: threads, channels, shared state, `Send` and `Sync`." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Współbieżność: wątki, kanały, współdzielony stan, `Wyślij` i " #~ "`Synchronizacja`." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "Android: building binaries and libraries, using AIDL, logging, and " #~ "interoperability with C, C++, and Java." #~ msgstr "" #~ "Android: tworzenie plików binarnych i bibliotek przy użyciu AIDL, " #~ "logowanie i współdziałanie z C, C++ i Javą." #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Fearless Concurrency" #~ msgstr "Nieustraszona współbieżność" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "We still need to acquire the `Mutex` to print our `Vec`." #~ msgstr "Nadal musimy zdobyć `Mutex`, aby wydrukować nasz `Vec`." #~ msgid "" #~ "\\#\\[derive(Error, Debug)\\] enum Error { \\#\\[error(\"request error: " #~ "{0}\")\\] ReqwestError(#\\[from\\] reqwest::Error), }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "\\#\\[derive(Error, Debug)\\] enum Error { \\#\\[error(\"błąd zapytania: " #~ "{0}\")\\] ReqwestError(#\\[from\\] reqwest::Error), }" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "Ok(valid_urls)\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "OK (prawidłowe_adresy URL)\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```rust,ignore\n" #~ "//! Rust demo.\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```rust,ignore\n" #~ "//! Rust demo.\n" #~ "```" #, fuzzy #~ msgid ", binder::StatusCode> { binder::get_interface(SERVICE_IDENTIFIER) }" #~ msgstr ", binder::StatusCode> { binder::get_interface(SERVICE_IDENTIFIER) }" #~ msgid "// ANCHOR: setup struct Library { books: Vec" #~ msgstr "// ANCHOR: setup struct Library { books: Vec" #~ msgid "" #~ "// This makes it possible to print Book values with {}. impl std::fmt::" #~ "Display for Book { fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter\\<'\\_\\>) -" #~ "> std::fmt::Result { write!(f, \"{} ({})\", self.title, self.year) } } // " #~ "ANCHOR_END: setup" #~ msgstr "" #~ "// Umożliwia to drukowanie wartości Book za pomocą {}. impl std::fmt::" #~ "Display for Book { fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter\\<'\\_\\>) -" #~ "> std::fmt::Result { write!(f, \"{} ({})\", self.title, self.year) } } // " #~ "ANCHOR_END: setup" #~ msgid "" #~ "// ANCHOR: Library_new impl Library { fn new() -> Library { // " #~ "ANCHOR_END: Library_new Library { books: Vec::new() } }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "// ANCHOR: Library_new impl Library { fn new() -> Library { // " #~ "ANCHOR_END: Library_new Library { books: Vec::new() } }" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "// ANCHOR: Library_len\n" #~ "//fn len(self) -> usize {\n" #~ "// unimplemented!()\n" #~ "//}\n" #~ "// ANCHOR_END: Library_len\n" #~ "fn len(&self) -> usize {\n" #~ " self.books.len()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "// ANCHOR: Library_len\n" #~ "//fn len(self) -> usize {\n" #~ "// unimplemented!()\n" #~ "//}\n" #~ "// ANCHOR_END: Library_len\n" #~ "fn len(&self) -> usize {\n" #~ " self.books.len()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "// ANCHOR: Library_is_empty\n" #~ "//fn is_empty(self) -> bool {\n" #~ "// unimplemented!()\n" #~ "//}\n" #~ "// ANCHOR_END: Library_is_empty\n" #~ "fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {\n" #~ " self.books.is_empty()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "// ANCHOR: Library_is_empty\n" #~ "//fn is_empty(self) -> bool {\n" #~ "// unimplemented!()\n" #~ "//}\n" #~ "// ANCHOR_END: Library_is_empty\n" #~ "fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {\n" #~ " self.books.is_empty()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "// ANCHOR: Library_add_book\n" #~ "//fn add_book(self, book: Book) {\n" #~ "// unimplemented!()\n" #~ "//}\n" #~ "// ANCHOR_END: Library_add_book\n" #~ "fn add_book(&mut self, book: Book) {\n" #~ " self.books.push(book)\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "// ANCHOR: Library_add_book\n" #~ "//fn add_book(self, book: Book) {\n" #~ "// unimplemented!()\n" #~ "//}\n" #~ "// ANCHOR_END: Library_add_book\n" #~ "fn add_book(&mut self, book: Book) {\n" #~ " self.books.push(book)\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "// ANCHOR: Library_print_books\n" #~ "//fn print_books(self) {\n" #~ "// unimplemented!()\n" #~ "//}\n" #~ "// ANCHOR_END: Library_print_books\n" #~ "fn print_books(&self) {\n" #~ " for book in &self.books {\n" #~ " println!(\"{}\", book);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "// ANCHOR: Library_print_books\n" #~ "//fn print_books(self) {\n" #~ "// unimplemented!()\n" #~ "//}\n" #~ "// ANCHOR_END: Library_print_books\n" #~ "fn print_books(&self) {\n" #~ " for book in &self.books {\n" #~ " println!(\"{}\", book);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "// ANCHOR: Library_oldest_book\n" #~ "//fn oldest_book(self) -> Option<&Book> {\n" #~ "// unimplemented!()\n" #~ "//}\n" #~ "// ANCHOR_END: Library_oldest_book\n" #~ "fn oldest_book(&self) -> Option<&Book> {\n" #~ " self.books.iter().min_by_key(|book| book.year)\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "// ANCHOR: Library_oldest_book\n" #~ "//fn oldest_book(self) -> Option<&Book> {\n" #~ "// unimplemented!()\n" #~ "//}\n" #~ "// ANCHOR_END: Library_oldest_book\n" #~ "fn oldest_book(&self) -> Option<&Book> {\n" #~ " self.books.iter().min_by_key(|book| book.year)\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "\\#\\[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)\\] // ANCHOR: Point pub " #~ "struct Point { // ANCHOR_END: Point x: i32, y: i32, }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "\\#\\[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)\\] // ANCHOR: Point pub " #~ "struct Point { // ANCHOR_END: Point x: i32, y: i32, }" #~ msgid "" #~ "// ANCHOR: Point-impl impl Point { // ANCHOR_END: Point-impl pub fn " #~ "new(x: i32, y: i32) -> Point { Point { x, y } }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "// ANCHOR: Point-impl impl Point { // ANCHOR_END: Point-impl pub fn " #~ "new(x: i32, y: i32) -> Point { Point { x, y } }" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "pub fn magnitude(self) -> f64 {\n" #~ " f64::from(self.x.pow(2) + self.y.pow(2)).sqrt()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "pub fn magnitude(self) -> f64 {\n" #~ " f64::from(self.x.pow(2) + self.y.pow(2)).sqrt()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "pub fn dist(self, other: Point) -> f64 {\n" #~ " (self - other).magnitude()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "pub fn dist(self, other: Point) -> f64 {\n" #~ " (self - other).magnitude()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "fn add(self, other: Self) -> Self::Output {\n" #~ " Self {\n" #~ " x: self.x + other.x,\n" #~ " y: self.y + other.y,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "fn add(self, other: Self) -> Self::Output {\n" #~ " Self {\n" #~ " x: self.x + other.x,\n" #~ " y: self.y + other.y,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "impl std::ops::Sub for Point { type Output = Self;" #~ msgstr "impl std::ops::Sub for Point { type Output = Self;" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "fn sub(self, other: Self) -> Self::Output {\n" #~ " Self {\n" #~ " x: self.x - other.x,\n" #~ " y: self.y - other.y,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "fn sub(self, other: Self) -> Self::Output {\n" #~ " Self {\n" #~ " x: self.x - other.x,\n" #~ " y: self.y - other.y,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "// ANCHOR: Polygon pub struct Polygon { // ANCHOR_END: Polygon points: Vec" #~ msgstr "" #~ "// ANCHOR: Polygon pub struct Polygon { // ANCHOR_END: Polygon points: Vec" #~ msgid "" #~ "// ANCHOR: Polygon-impl impl Polygon { // ANCHOR_END: Polygon-impl pub fn " #~ "new() -> Polygon { Polygon { points: Vec::new() } }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "// ANCHOR: Polygon-impl impl Polygon { // ANCHOR_END: Polygon-impl pub fn " #~ "new() -> Polygon { Polygon { points: Vec::new() } }" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "pub fn add_point(&mut self, point: Point) {\n" #~ " self.points.push(point);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "pub fn add_point(&mut self, point: Point) {\n" #~ " self.points.push(point);\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "pub fn left_most_point(&self) -> Option {\n" #~ " self.points.iter().min_by_key(|p| p.x).copied()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "pub fn left_most_point(&self) -> Option {\n" #~ " self.points.iter().min_by_key(|p| p.x).copied()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "pub fn iter(&self) -> impl Iterator {\n" #~ " self.points.iter()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "pub fn iter(&self) -> impl Iterator {\n" #~ " self.points.iter()\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "pub fn length(&self) -> f64 {\n" #~ " if self.points.is_empty() {\n" #~ " return 0.0;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "pub fn length(&self) -> f64 {\n" #~ " if self.points.is_empty() {\n" #~ " return 0.0;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ " let mut result = 0.0;\n" #~ " let mut last_point = self.points[0];\n" #~ " for point in &self.points[1..] {\n" #~ " result += last_point.dist(*point);\n" #~ " last_point = *point;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " result += last_point.dist(self.points[0]);\n" #~ " result\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ " let mut result = 0.0;\n" #~ " let mut last_point = self.points[0];\n" #~ " for point in &self.points[1..] {\n" #~ " result += last_point.dist(*point);\n" #~ " last_point = *point;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " result += last_point.dist(self.points[0]);\n" #~ " result\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "// ANCHOR: Circle pub struct Circle { // ANCHOR_END: Circle center: " #~ "Point, radius: i32, }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "// ANCHOR: Circle pub struct Circle { // ANCHOR_END: Circle center: " #~ "Point, radius: i32, }" #~ msgid "" #~ "// ANCHOR: Circle-impl impl Circle { // ANCHOR_END: Circle-impl pub fn " #~ "new(center: Point, radius: i32) -> Circle { Circle { center, radius } }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "// ANCHOR: Circle-impl impl Circle { // ANCHOR_END: Circle-impl pub fn " #~ "new(center: Point, radius: i32) -> Circle { Circle { center, radius } }" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "pub fn circumference(&self) -> f64 {\n" #~ " 2.0 * std::f64::consts::PI * f64::from(self.radius)\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "pub fn circumference(&self) -> f64 {\n" #~ " 2.0 * std::f64::consts::PI * f64::from(self.radius)\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "pub fn dist(&self, other: &Self) -> f64 {\n" #~ " self.center.dist(other.center)\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "pub fn dist(&self, other: &Self) -> f64 {\n" #~ " self.center.dist(other.center)\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "// ANCHOR: Shape pub enum Shape { Polygon(Polygon), Circle(Circle), } // " #~ "ANCHOR_END: Shape" #~ msgstr "" #~ "// ANCHOR: Shape pub enum Shape { Polygon(Polygon), Circle(Circle), } // " #~ "ANCHOR_END: Shape" #~ msgid "impl From" #~ msgstr "impl From" #~ msgid "" #~ " for Shape { fn from(poly: Polygon) -> Self { Shape::Polygon(poly) } }" #~ msgstr "" #~ " for Shape { fn from(poly: Polygon) -> Self { Shape::Polygon(poly) } }" #~ msgid "" #~ " for Shape { fn from(circle: Circle) -> Self { Shape::Circle(circle) } }" #~ msgstr "" #~ " for Shape { fn from(circle: Circle) -> Self { Shape::Circle(circle) } }" #~ msgid "" #~ "impl Shape { pub fn perimeter(&self) -> f64 { match self { Shape::" #~ "Polygon(poly) => poly.length(), Shape::Circle(circle) => circle." #~ "circumference(), } } }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "impl Shape { pub fn perimeter(&self) -> f64 { match self { Shape::" #~ "Polygon(poly) => poly.length(), Shape::Circle(circle) => circle." #~ "circumference(), } } }" #~ msgid "// ANCHOR: unit-tests \\#\\[cfg(test)\\] mod tests { use super::\\*;" #~ msgstr "" #~ "// ANCHOR: unit-tests \\#\\[cfg(test)\\] mod tests { use super::\\*;" #~ msgid "fn main() {}" #~ msgstr "fn main() {}" #~ msgid "" #~ "// ANCHOR: luhn pub fn luhn(cc_number: &str) -> bool { // ANCHOR_END: " #~ "luhn let mut digits_seen = 0; let mut sum = 0; for (i, ch) in cc_number." #~ "chars().rev().filter(|&ch| ch != ' ').enumerate() { match ch.to_digit(10) " #~ "{ Some(d) => { sum += if i % 2 == 1 { let dd = d * 2; dd / 10 + dd % 10 } " #~ "else { d }; digits_seen += 1; } None => return false, } }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "// ANCHOR: luhn pub fn luhn(cc_number: &str) -> bool { // ANCHOR_END: " #~ "luhn let mut digits_seen = 0; let mut sum = 0; for (i, ch) in cc_number." #~ "chars().rev().filter(|&ch| ch != ' ').enumerate() { match ch.to_digit(10) " #~ "{ Some(d) => { sum += if i % 2 == 1 { let dd = d * 2; dd / 10 + dd % 10 } " #~ "else { d }; digits_seen += 1; } None => return false, } }" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "if digits_seen < 2 {\n" #~ " return false;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "if digits_seen < 2 {\n" #~ " return false;\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "sum % 10 == 0\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "sum % 10 == 0\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "fn main() { let cc_number = \"1234 5678 1234 5670\"; println!( \"Is {} a " #~ "valid credit card number? {}\", cc_number, if luhn(cc_number) { \"yes\" } " #~ "else { \"no\" } ); }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "fn main() { let cc_number = \"1234 5678 1234 5670\"; println!( \"Czy {} " #~ "to prawidłowy numer karty kredytowej? {}\", cc_number, if luhn(cc_number) " #~ "{ \"tak\" } else { \"nie\" } ); }" #~ msgid "" #~ "// ANCHOR: unit-tests \\#\\[test\\] fn test_non_digit_cc_number() " #~ "{ assert!(!luhn(\"foo\")); }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "// ANCHOR: unit-tests \\#\\[test\\] fn test_non_digit_cc_number() " #~ "{ assert!(!luhn(\"foo\")); }" #~ msgid "" #~ "\\#\\[test\\] fn test_invalid_cc_number() { assert!(!luhn(\"4223 9826 " #~ "4026 9299\")); assert!(!luhn(\"4539 3195 0343 6476\")); assert!(!" #~ "luhn(\"8273 1232 7352 0569\")); } // ANCHOR_END: unit-tests" #~ msgstr "" #~ "\\#\\[test\\] fn test_invalid_cc_number() { assert!(!luhn(\"4223 9826 " #~ "4026 9299\")); assert!(!luhn(\"4539 3195 0343 6476\")); assert!(!" #~ "luhn(\"8273 1232 7352 0569\")); } // ANCHOR_END: unit-tests" #~ msgid "" #~ "// ANCHOR: prefix_matches pub fn prefix_matches(prefix: &str, " #~ "request_path: &str) -> bool { // ANCHOR_END: prefix_matches let prefixes " #~ "= prefix.split('/'); let request_paths = request_path .split('/') .map(|" #~ "p| Some(p)) .chain(std::iter::once(None));" #~ msgstr "" #~ "// ANCHOR: prefix_matches pub fn prefix_matches(prefix: &str, " #~ "request_path: &str) -> bool { // ANCHOR_END: prefix_matches let prefixes " #~ "= prefix.split('/'); let request_paths = request_path .split('/') .map(|" #~ "p| Some(p)) .chain(std::iter::once(None));" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "for (prefix, request_path) in prefixes.zip(request_paths) {\n" #~ " match request_path {\n" #~ " Some(request_path) => {\n" #~ " if (prefix != \"*\") && (prefix != request_path) {\n" #~ " return false;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " None => return false,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "true\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "for (prefix, request_path) in prefixes.zip(request_paths) {\n" #~ " match request_path {\n" #~ " Some(request_path) => {\n" #~ " if (prefix != \"*\") && (prefix != request_path) {\n" #~ " return false;\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " }\n" #~ " None => return false,\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "true\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "// ANCHOR: unit-tests \\#\\[test\\] fn test_matches_without_wildcard() " #~ "{ assert!(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers\")); assert!" #~ "(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers/abc-123\")); assert!" #~ "(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers/abc/books\"));" #~ msgstr "" #~ "// ANCHOR: unit-tests \\#\\[test\\] fn test_matches_without_wildcard() " #~ "{ assert!(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers\")); assert!" #~ "(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers/abc-123\")); assert!" #~ "(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers/abc/books\"));" #~ msgid "" #~ "// ANCHOR: setup pub trait Widget { /// Natural width of `self`. fn " #~ "width(&self) -> usize;" #~ msgstr "" #~ "// ANCHOR: setup pub trait Widget { /// Naturalna szerokość `self`. fn " #~ "width(&self) -> usize;" #~ msgid "" #~ "// ANCHOR: Window-width impl Widget for Window { fn width(&self) -> usize " #~ "{ // ANCHOR_END: Window-width std::cmp::max( self.title.chars().count(), " #~ "self.widgets.iter().map(|w| w.width()).max().unwrap_or(0), ) }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "// ANCHOR: Window-width impl Widget for Window { fn width(&self) -> usize " #~ "{ // ANCHOR_END: Window-width std::cmp::max( self.title.chars().count(), " #~ "self.widgets.iter().map(|w| w.width()).max().unwrap_or(0), ) }" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "// ANCHOR: Window-draw_into\n" #~ "fn draw_into(&self, buffer: &mut dyn std::fmt::Write) {\n" #~ " // ANCHOR_END: Window-draw_into\n" #~ " let mut inner = String::new();\n" #~ " for widget in &self.widgets {\n" #~ " widget.draw_into(&mut inner);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "// ANCHOR: Window-draw_into\n" #~ "fn draw_into(&self, buffer: &mut dyn std::fmt::Write) {\n" #~ " // ANCHOR_END: Window-draw_into\n" #~ " let mut inner = String::new();\n" #~ " for widget in &self.widgets {\n" #~ " widget.draw_into(&mut inner);\n" #~ " }\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ " let window_width = self.width();\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ " let window_width = self.width();\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "// ANCHOR: Button-width impl Widget for Button { fn width(&self) -> usize " #~ "{ // ANCHOR_END: Button-width self.label.width() + 8 // add a bit of " #~ "padding }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "// ANCHOR: Button-width impl Widget for Button { fn width(&self) -> usize " #~ "{ // ANCHOR_END: Button-width self.label.width() + 8 // dodaj trochę " #~ "wypełnienia }" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "// ANCHOR: Button-draw_into\n" #~ "fn draw_into(&self, buffer: &mut dyn std::fmt::Write) {\n" #~ " // ANCHOR_END: Button-draw_into\n" #~ " let width = self.width();\n" #~ " let mut label = String::new();\n" #~ " self.label.draw_into(&mut label);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "// ANCHOR: Button-draw_into\n" #~ "fn draw_into(&self, buffer: &mut dyn std::fmt::Write) {\n" #~ " // ANCHOR_END: Button-draw_into\n" #~ " let width = self.width();\n" #~ " let mut label = String::new();\n" #~ " self.label.draw_into(&mut label);\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ " writeln!(buffer, \"+{:- usize " #~ "{ // ANCHOR_END: Label-width self.label .lines() .map(|line| line.chars()." #~ "count()) .max() .unwrap_or(0) }" #~ msgstr "" #~ "// ANCHOR: Label-width impl Widget for Label { fn width(&self) -> usize " #~ "{ // ANCHOR_END: Label-width self.label .lines() .map(|line| line.chars()." #~ "count()) .max() .unwrap_or(0) }" #~ msgid "" #~ "```\n" #~ "// ANCHOR: Label-draw_into\n" #~ "fn draw_into(&self, buffer: &mut dyn std::fmt::Write) {\n" #~ " // ANCHOR_END: Label-draw_into\n" #~ " writeln!(buffer, \"{}\", &self.label).unwrap();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgstr "" #~ "```\n" #~ "// ANCHOR: Label-draw_into\n" #~ "fn draw_into(&self, buffer: &mut dyn std::fmt::Write) {\n" #~ " // ANCHOR_END: Label-draw_into\n" #~ " writeln!(buffer, \"{}\", &self.label).unwrap();\n" #~ "}\n" #~ "```" #~ msgid "" #~ "// ANCHOR: ffi mod ffi { use std::os::raw::{c_char, c_int, c_long, " #~ "c_ulong, c_ushort};" #~ msgstr "" #~ "// ANCHOR: ffi mod ffi { use std::os::raw::{c_char, c_int, c_long, " #~ "c_ulong, c_ushort};" #~ msgid "" #~ "\\#\\[derive(Debug)\\] struct DirectoryIterator { path: CString, dir: " #~ "\\*mut ffi::DIR, } // ANCHOR_END: ffi" #~ msgstr "" #~ "\\#\\[derive(Debug)\\] struct DirectoryIterator { path: CString, dir: " #~ "\\*mut ffi::DIR, } // ANCHOR_END: ffi" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "Day 4 Morning Exercise" #~ msgstr "Dzień 4 Poranna gimnastyka" #, fuzzy #~ msgid "" #~ "struct Philosopher { name: String, // ANCHOR_END: Philosopher left_fork: " #~ "Arc\\, right_fork: Arc\\, right_fork: Arc\\, thoughts: mpsc::SyncSender" #~ msgstr "\\>, myśli: mpsc::SyncSender"