mirror of
https://github.com/google/comprehensive-rust.git
synced 2024-12-03 11:09:12 +02:00
ba28dd2d4c
* Parse Markdown to support translation. This upgrades from just splitting Markdown files on double-newlines, to using a Markdown parser to break them into more appropriate chunks. The upshot is that code samples are all in one message, lists are bundled together, and generally it should be easier to translate. * [WIP] helper to update po files for new translation * process synthetic input file-by-file * review comments * remove temporary code * fix msgfmt lints
15696 lines
490 KiB
Plaintext
15696 lines
490 KiB
Plaintext
msgid ""
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msgstr ""
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"Project-Id-Version: Comprehensive Rust 🦀\n"
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"POT-Creation-Date: \n"
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"PO-Revision-Date: \n"
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"Last-Translator: \n"
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"Language-Team: \n"
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"Language: de\n"
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"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
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"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
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"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
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"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"
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"X-Generator: Poedit 3.2.2\n"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:3
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msgid "Welcome to Comprehensive Rust 🦀"
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msgstr "Willkommen bei Comprehensive Rust 🦀"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:4
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msgid "Running the Course"
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msgstr "Ablauf des Kurses"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:5
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msgid "Course Structure"
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msgstr "Kursstruktur"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:6
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msgid "Keyboard Shortcuts"
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msgstr "Tastaturkürzel"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:7
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msgid "Using Cargo"
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msgstr "Cargo verwenden"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:8
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msgid "Rust Ecosystem"
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msgstr "Rust Ökosystem"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:9
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msgid "Code Samples"
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msgstr "Codebeispiele"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:10
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msgid "Running Cargo Locally"
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msgstr "Cargo lokal ausführen"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:13
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msgid "Day 1: Morning"
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msgstr "Tag 1: Morgens"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:17 src/SUMMARY.md:73 src/SUMMARY.md:126 src/SUMMARY.md:180
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msgid "Welcome"
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msgstr "Willkommen"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:18
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msgid "What is Rust?"
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msgstr "Was ist Rust?"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:19
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msgid "Hello World!"
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msgstr "Hallo Welt!"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:20
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msgid "Small Example"
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msgstr "Ein kleines Beispiel"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:21
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msgid "Why Rust?"
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msgstr "Warum Rust?"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:22
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msgid "Compile Time Guarantees"
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msgstr "Kompilierzeitgarantien"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:23
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msgid "Runtime Guarantees"
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msgstr "Laufzeitgarantien"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:24
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msgid "Modern Features"
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msgstr "Moderne Merkmale"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:25
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msgid "Basic Syntax"
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msgstr "Grundlegende Syntax"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:26
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msgid "Scalar Types"
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msgstr "Skalare Typen"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:27
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msgid "Compound Types"
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msgstr "Verbundtypen"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:28
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msgid "References"
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msgstr "Referenzen"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:29
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msgid "Dangling References"
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msgstr "Hängende Referenzen"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:30
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msgid "Slices"
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msgstr "Anteilstypen"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:31
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msgid "String vs str"
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msgstr "String vs. str"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:32
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msgid "Functions"
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msgstr "Funktionen"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:33 src/SUMMARY.md:80
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msgid "Methods"
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msgstr "Methoden"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:34
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msgid "Overloading"
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msgstr "Überladen"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:35 src/SUMMARY.md:64 src/SUMMARY.md:88 src/SUMMARY.md:117 src/SUMMARY.md:145
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:172 src/SUMMARY.md:195 src/SUMMARY.md:222
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msgid "Exercises"
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msgstr "Übungen"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:36
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msgid "Implicit Conversions"
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msgstr "Implizite Konvertierungen"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:37
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msgid "Arrays and for Loops"
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msgstr "Arrays und for-Schleifen"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:39
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msgid "Day 1: Afternoon"
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msgstr "Tag 1: Nachmittags"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:41
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msgid "Variables"
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msgstr "Variablen"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:42
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msgid "Type Inference"
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msgstr "Typinferenz"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:43
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msgid "static & const"
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msgstr "static & const"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:44
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msgid "Scopes and Shadowing"
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msgstr "Gültigkeitsbereiche und Beschatten"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:45
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msgid "Memory Management"
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msgstr "Speicherverwaltung"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:46
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msgid "Stack vs Heap"
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msgstr "Stapelspeicher vs. Haldenspeicher"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:47
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msgid "Stack Memory"
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msgstr "Stapelspeicher"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:48
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msgid "Manual Memory Management"
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msgstr "Manuelle Speicherverwaltung"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:49
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msgid "Scope-Based Memory Management"
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msgstr "Gültigkeitsbereichbasierte Speicherverwaltung"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:50
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msgid "Garbage Collection"
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msgstr "Automatische Speicherbereinigung"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:51
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msgid "Rust Memory Management"
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msgstr "Rust Speicherverwaltung"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:52
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msgid "Comparison"
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msgstr "Vergleich"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:53
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msgid "Ownership"
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msgstr "Eigentümerschaft"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:54
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msgid "Move Semantics"
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msgstr "Semantik des Verschiebens"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:55
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msgid "Moved Strings in Rust"
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msgstr "Verschieben von String in Rust"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:56
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msgid "Double Frees in Modern C++"
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msgstr "Doppel-Freigabe-Fehler in modernem C++"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:57
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msgid "Moves in Function Calls"
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msgstr "Verschieben in Funktionsaufrufen"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:58
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msgid "Copying and Cloning"
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msgstr "Kopieren und Klonen"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:59
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msgid "Borrowing"
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msgstr "Ausleihen"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:60
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msgid "Shared and Unique Borrows"
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msgstr "Geteiltes und einmaliges Ausleihen"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:61
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msgid "Lifetimes"
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msgstr "Lebensdauern"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:62
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msgid "Lifetimes in Function Calls"
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msgstr "Lebensdauern in Funktionsaufrufen"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:63
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msgid "Lifetimes in Data Structures"
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msgstr "Lebensdauern in Datenstrukturen"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:65
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msgid "Designing a Library"
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msgstr "Entwerfen einer Bibliothek"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:66
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msgid "Iterators and Ownership"
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msgstr "Iteratoren und Eigentümerschaft"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:69
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msgid "Day 2: Morning"
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msgstr "Tag 2: Morgens"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:74
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msgid "Structs"
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msgstr "Strukturen"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:75
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msgid "Tuple Structs"
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msgstr "Tupelstrukturen"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:76
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msgid "Field Shorthand Syntax"
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msgstr "Feld Abkürzungs Syntax"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:77
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msgid "Enums"
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msgstr "Aufzählungstypen"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:78
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msgid "Variant Payloads"
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msgstr "Varianteninhalte"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:79
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msgid "Enum Sizes"
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msgstr "Größen von Aufzählungstypen"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:81
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msgid "Method Receiver"
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msgstr "Methodenempfänger"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:82 src/SUMMARY.md:190
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msgid "Example"
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msgstr "Beispiel"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:83
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msgid "Pattern Matching"
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msgstr "Musterabgleich"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:84
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msgid "Destructuring Enums"
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msgstr "Aufzählungstypen destrukturieren"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:85
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msgid "Destructuring Structs"
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msgstr "Strukturen destrukturieren"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:86
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msgid "Destructuring Arrays"
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msgstr "Arrays destrukturieren"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:87
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msgid "Match Guards"
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msgstr "Abgleichsbedingungen"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:89
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msgid "Health Statistics"
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msgstr "Gesundheitsstatistiken"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:90
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msgid "Points and Polygons"
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msgstr "Punkte und Polygone"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:92
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msgid "Day 2: Afternoon"
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msgstr "Tag 2: Nachmittags"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:94
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msgid "Control Flow"
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msgstr "Kontrollfluss"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:95
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msgid "Blocks"
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msgstr "Blöcke"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:96
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msgid "if expressions"
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msgstr "if-Ausdrücke"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:97
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msgid "if let expressions"
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msgstr "if let-Ausdrücke"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:98
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msgid "while expressions"
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msgstr "while-Ausdrücke"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:99
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msgid "while let expressions"
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msgstr "while let-Ausdrücke"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:100
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msgid "for expressions"
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msgstr "for-Ausdrücke"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:101
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msgid "loop expressions"
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msgstr "loop-Ausdrücke"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:102
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msgid "match expressions"
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msgstr "match-Ausdrücke"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:103
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msgid "break & continue"
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msgstr "break & continue"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:104
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msgid "Standard Library"
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msgstr "Standardbibliothek"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:105
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msgid "Option and Result"
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msgstr "Option und Result"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:106
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msgid "String"
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msgstr "String"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:107
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msgid "Vec"
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msgstr "Vec"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:108
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msgid "HashMap"
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msgstr "HashMap"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:109
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msgid "Box"
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msgstr "Box"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:110
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msgid "Recursive Data Types"
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msgstr "Rekursive Datentypen"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:111
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#, fuzzy
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msgid "Niche Optimization"
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msgstr "Nischenoptimierung"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:112
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msgid "Rc"
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msgstr "Rc"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:113
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msgid "Modules"
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msgstr "Module"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:114
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msgid "Visibility"
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msgstr "Sichtbarkeit"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:115
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msgid "Paths"
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msgstr "Pfade"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:116
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msgid "Filesystem Hierarchy"
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msgstr "Dateisystemhierarchie"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:118
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msgid "Luhn Algorithm"
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msgstr "Luhn-Algorithmus"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:119
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msgid "Strings and Iterators"
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msgstr "Strings und Iteratoren"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:122
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msgid "Day 3: Morning"
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msgstr "Tag 3: Morgens"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:127
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msgid "Traits"
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msgstr "Merkmale"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:128
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msgid "Deriving Traits"
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msgstr "Ableitung von Merkmalen"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:129
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msgid "Default Methods"
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msgstr "Standardmethoden"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:130
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msgid "Important Traits"
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msgstr "Wichtige Merkmale"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:131
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msgid "Iterator"
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msgstr "Iterator"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:132
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msgid "FromIterator"
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msgstr "FromIterator"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:133
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msgid "From and Into"
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msgstr "From und Into"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:134
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msgid "Read and Write"
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msgstr "Read und Write"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:135
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msgid "Add, Mul, ..."
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msgstr "Add, Mul, ..."
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:136
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msgid "Drop"
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msgstr "Drop"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:137
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msgid "Generics"
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msgstr "Generische Datentypen und Methoden"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:138
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msgid "Generic Data Types"
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msgstr "Generische Datentypen"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:139
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msgid "Generic Methods"
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msgstr "Generische Methoden"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:140
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msgid "Trait Bounds"
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msgstr "Merkmalsgrenzen"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:141
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msgid "impl Trait"
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msgstr "impl Merkmal"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:142
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msgid "Closures"
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msgstr "Funktionsabschlüsse"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:143
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msgid "Monomorphization"
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msgstr "Monomorphisierung"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:144
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msgid "Trait Objects"
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msgstr "Merkmalsobjekte"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:146
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msgid "A Simple GUI Library"
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msgstr "Eine einfache GUI-Bibliothek"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:148
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msgid "Day 3: Afternoon"
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msgstr "Tag 3: Nachmittags"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:150
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msgid "Error Handling"
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msgstr "Fehlerbehandlung"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:151
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msgid "Panics"
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msgstr "Laufzeitabbrüche"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:152
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msgid "Catching Stack Unwinding"
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msgstr "Abfangen des Auflösen des Stapelspeichers"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:153
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msgid "Structured Error Handling"
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msgstr "Strukturierte Fehlerbehandlung"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:154
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msgid "Propagating Errors with ?"
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msgstr "Weitergabe von Fehlern mit ?"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:155
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msgid "Converting Error Types"
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msgstr "Fehlertypen konvertieren"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:156
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msgid "Deriving Error Enums"
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msgstr "Ableiten von Fehleraufzählungen"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:157
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msgid "Dynamic Error Types"
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msgstr "Dynamische Fehlertypen"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:158
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msgid "Adding Context to Errors"
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msgstr "Kontext zu Fehlern hinzufügen"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:159
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msgid "Testing"
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msgstr "Testen"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:160
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msgid "Unit Tests"
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msgstr "Unit-Tests"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:161
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msgid "Test Modules"
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msgstr "Testmodule"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:162
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msgid "Documentation Tests"
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msgstr "Dokumentationstests"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:163
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msgid "Integration Tests"
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msgstr "Integrationstests"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:164
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msgid "Unsafe Rust"
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msgstr "Unsicheres Rust"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:165
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msgid "Dereferencing Raw Pointers"
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msgstr "Roh-zeiger dereferenzieren"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:166
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msgid "Mutable Static Variables"
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msgstr "Veränderbare statische Variablen"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:167
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msgid "Unions"
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msgstr "Vereinigungen"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:168
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msgid "Calling Unsafe Functions"
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msgstr "Unsichere Funktionen aufrufen"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:169
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msgid "Writing Unsafe Functions"
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msgstr "Unsichere Funktionen schreiben"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:170
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msgid "Extern Functions"
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msgstr "Externe Funktionen"
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#: src/SUMMARY.md:171
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|
msgid "Implementing Unsafe Traits"
|
|
msgstr "Unsichere Merkmale implementieren"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:173
|
|
msgid "Safe FFI Wrapper"
|
|
msgstr "Sicherer FFI-Wrapper"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:176
|
|
msgid "Day 4: Morning"
|
|
msgstr "Tag 4: Morgens"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:181
|
|
msgid "Concurrency"
|
|
msgstr "Nebenläufigkeit"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:182
|
|
msgid "Threads"
|
|
msgstr "Ausführungsstrang"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:183
|
|
msgid "Scoped Threads"
|
|
msgstr "Ausführungsstrang mit Sichtbarkeitsbereich"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:184
|
|
msgid "Channels"
|
|
msgstr "Kanäle"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:185
|
|
msgid "Unbounded Channels"
|
|
msgstr "Unbegrenzte Kanäle"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:186
|
|
msgid "Bounded Channels"
|
|
msgstr "Unbeschränkte Kanäle"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:187
|
|
msgid "Shared State"
|
|
msgstr "Geteilter Zustand"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:188
|
|
msgid "Arc"
|
|
msgstr "Arc"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:189
|
|
msgid "Mutex"
|
|
msgstr "Mutex"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:191
|
|
msgid "Send and Sync"
|
|
msgstr "Send und Sync"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:191
|
|
msgid "Send"
|
|
msgstr "Send"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:191
|
|
msgid "Sync"
|
|
msgstr "Sync"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:194
|
|
msgid "Examples"
|
|
msgstr "Beispiele"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:196
|
|
msgid "Dining Philosophers"
|
|
msgstr "Philosophenproblem"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:197
|
|
msgid "Multi-threaded Link Checker"
|
|
msgstr "Link Überprüfung mit mehreren Ausführungssträngen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:199
|
|
msgid "Day 4: Afternoon"
|
|
msgstr "Tag 4: Nachmittags"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:203
|
|
msgid "Android"
|
|
msgstr "Android"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:204
|
|
msgid "Setup"
|
|
msgstr "Einrichtung"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:205
|
|
msgid "Build Rules"
|
|
msgstr "Regeln beim Bauen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:206
|
|
msgid "Binary"
|
|
msgstr "Binärdatei"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:207
|
|
msgid "Library"
|
|
msgstr "Bibliothek"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:208
|
|
msgid "AIDL"
|
|
msgstr "AIDL"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:209
|
|
msgid "Interface"
|
|
msgstr "Schnittstelle"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:210
|
|
msgid "Implementation"
|
|
msgstr "Implementierung"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:211
|
|
msgid "Server"
|
|
msgstr "Server"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:212
|
|
msgid "Deploy"
|
|
msgstr "Einsetzen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:213
|
|
msgid "Client"
|
|
msgstr "Klient"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:214
|
|
msgid "Changing API"
|
|
msgstr "API verändern"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:215
|
|
msgid "Logging"
|
|
msgstr "Protokollierung"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:216
|
|
msgid "Interoperability"
|
|
msgstr "Interoperabilität"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:217
|
|
msgid "With C"
|
|
msgstr "Mit C"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:218
|
|
msgid "Calling C with Bindgen"
|
|
msgstr "Aufruf von C-Funktionen mit Bindgen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:219
|
|
msgid "Calling Rust from C"
|
|
msgstr "Aufruf von Rust aus C"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:220
|
|
msgid "With C++"
|
|
msgstr "Mit C++"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:221
|
|
msgid "With Java"
|
|
msgstr "Mit Java"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:224
|
|
msgid "Final Words"
|
|
msgstr "Letzte Worte"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:226
|
|
msgid "Thanks!"
|
|
msgstr "Danke!"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:227
|
|
msgid "Other Resources"
|
|
msgstr "Andere Ressourcen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:228
|
|
msgid "Credits"
|
|
msgstr "Würdigungen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:232
|
|
msgid "Solutions"
|
|
msgstr "Lösungen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:237
|
|
msgid "Day 1 Morning"
|
|
msgstr "Tag 1 Morgens"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:238
|
|
msgid "Day 1 Afternoon"
|
|
msgstr "Tag 1 Nachmittags"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:239
|
|
msgid "Day 2 Morning"
|
|
msgstr "Tag 2 Morgens"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:240
|
|
msgid "Day 2 Afternoon"
|
|
msgstr "Tag 2 Nachmittags"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:241
|
|
msgid "Day 3 Morning"
|
|
msgstr "Tag 3 Morgens"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:242
|
|
msgid "Day 3 Afternoon"
|
|
msgstr "Tag 3 Nachmittags"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md:243
|
|
msgid "Day 4 Morning"
|
|
msgstr "Tag 4 Morgens"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome.md:1
|
|
msgid "# Welcome to Comprehensive Rust 🦀"
|
|
msgstr "# Willkommen bei Comprehensive Rust 🦀"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome.md:3
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This is a four day Rust course developed by the Android team. The course covers\n"
|
|
"the full spectrum of Rust, from basic syntax to advanced topics like generics\n"
|
|
"and error handling. It also includes Android-specific content on the last day."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Dies ist ein viertägiger Rust-Kurs, der vom Android-Team entwickelt wurde. Der Kurs umfasst\n"
|
|
"das gesamte Spektrum von Rust, von grundlegender Syntax bis hin zu fortgeschrittenen Themen wie "
|
|
"generischen Methoden und Datentypen\n"
|
|
"sowie Fehlerbehandlung. Am letzten Tag werden auch Android-spezifische Inhalte behandelt."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome.md:7
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The goal of the course is to teach you Rust. We assume you don't know anything\n"
|
|
"about Rust and hope to:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Das Ziel des Kurses ist es, Dir Rust beizubringen. Wie setzen keine Vorkenntnisse über Rust "
|
|
"voraus, und hoffen das Folgende zu erreichen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome.md:10
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Give you a comprehensive understanding of the Rust syntax and language.\n"
|
|
"* Enable you to modify existing programs and write new programs in Rust.\n"
|
|
"* Show you common Rust idioms."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Dir ein umfassendes Verständnis der Rust-Syntax und -Sprache zu vermitteln.\n"
|
|
"* Es dir ermöglichen, bestehende Programme zu modifizieren und neue Programme in Rust zu "
|
|
"schreiben.\n"
|
|
"* Dir gängige Rust-Idiome zu zeigen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome.md:14
|
|
msgid "On Day 4, we will cover Android-specific things such as:"
|
|
msgstr "An Tag 4 behandeln wir Android-spezifische Dinge wie:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome.md:16
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Building Android components in Rust.\n"
|
|
"* AIDL servers and clients.\n"
|
|
"* Interoperability with C, C++, and Java."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Erstellen von Android-Komponenten in Rust.\n"
|
|
"* AIDL-Server und -Klienten.\n"
|
|
"* Interoperabilität mit C, C++ und Java."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome.md:20
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"It is important to note that this course does not cover Android **application** \n"
|
|
"development in Rust, and that the Android-specific parts are specifically about\n"
|
|
"writing code for Android itself, the operating system. "
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Es ist wichtig zu beachten, dass dieser Kurs keine Android **Anwendungsentwicklung** abdeckt \n"
|
|
"und dass es bei den Android-spezifischen Teilen um das \n"
|
|
"Schreiben von Code für das Betriebssystem Android geht. "
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome.md:24
|
|
msgid "## Non-Goals"
|
|
msgstr "## Nicht-Ziele"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome.md:26
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust is a large language and we won't be able to cover all of it in a few days.\n"
|
|
"Some non-goals of this course are:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust ist eine große Sprache und wir werden sie in ein paar Tagen nicht vollständig abdecken "
|
|
"können.\n"
|
|
"Einige Nicht-Ziele dieses Kurses sind:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome.md:29
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Learn how to use async Rust --- we'll only mention async Rust when\n"
|
|
" covering traditional concurrency primitives. Please see [Asynchronous\n"
|
|
" Programming in Rust](https://rust-lang.github.io/async-book/) instead for\n"
|
|
" details on this topic.\n"
|
|
"* Learn how to develop macros, please see [Chapter 19.5 in the Rust\n"
|
|
" Book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch19-06-macros.html) and [Rust by\n"
|
|
" Example](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/macros.html) instead."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Lernen, wie man asynchrones Rust verwendet – wir erwähnen asynchrones Rust nur dann, wenn\n"
|
|
" wir traditionelle Nebenläufigkeitsprimitive abdecken. Siehe [Asynchronous\n"
|
|
" Programmierung in Rust](https://rust-lang.github.io/async-book/) für\n"
|
|
" Details zu diesem Thema.\n"
|
|
"* Lernen, wie man Makros entwickelt, siehe [Kapitel 19.5 im Rust\n"
|
|
" Buch](https://rust-lang-de.github.io/rustbook-de/ch19-06-macros.html) und [Rust by\n"
|
|
" Example](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/macros.html)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome.md:37
|
|
msgid "## Assumptions"
|
|
msgstr "## Annahmen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome.md:39
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The course assumes that you already know how to program. Rust is a statically\n"
|
|
"typed language and we will sometimes make comparisons with C and C++ to better\n"
|
|
"explain or contrast the Rust approach."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Der Kurs setzt voraus, dass du bereits Programmierkenntnisse besitzt. Rust ist eine statisch\n"
|
|
"typisierte Sprache und wir werden manchmal Vergleiche mit C und C++ machen, um besser den Rust-"
|
|
"Ansatz zu erklären oder gegenüberzustellen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome.md:43
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If you know how to program in a dynamically typed language such as Python or\n"
|
|
"JavaScript, then you will be able to follow along just fine too."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Aber auch wenn du Vorwissen in einer dynamisch typisierten Sprache wie Python oder\n"
|
|
"JavaScript hast, wirst du problemlos folgen können."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome.md:46 src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:19 src/cargo/code-samples.md:22
|
|
#: src/cargo/running-locally.md:68 src/welcome-day-1.md:14 src/welcome-day-1/what-is-rust.md:19
|
|
#: src/hello-world.md:20 src/hello-world/small-example.md:21 src/why-rust.md:9
|
|
#: src/why-rust/compile-time.md:14 src/why-rust/runtime.md:8 src/why-rust/modern.md:19
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/compound-types.md:28 src/basic-syntax/slices.md:18
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/string-slices.md:25 src/basic-syntax/functions.md:33
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/functions-interlude.md:25 src/exercises/day-1/morning.md:9
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/for-loops.md:90 src/basic-syntax/variables.md:15
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/type-inference.md:24 src/basic-syntax/static-and-const.md:46
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/scopes-shadowing.md:23 src/memory-management/stack.md:26
|
|
#: src/memory-management/rust.md:12 src/ownership/move-semantics.md:20
|
|
#: src/ownership/moves-function-calls.md:18 src/ownership/copy-clone.md:33
|
|
#: src/ownership/borrowing.md:25 src/ownership/shared-unique-borrows.md:23
|
|
#: src/ownership/lifetimes-function-calls.md:27 src/ownership/lifetimes-data-structures.md:23
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/afternoon.md:9 src/structs/tuple-structs.md:35
|
|
#: src/structs/field-shorthand.md:25 src/enums/variant-payloads.md:33 src/methods.md:28
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring-enums.md:33 src/pattern-matching/match-guards.md:20
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/morning.md:9 src/exercises/day-2/points-polygons.md:115
|
|
#: src/control-flow/blocks.md:40 src/control-flow/if-expressions.md:29
|
|
#: src/control-flow/if-let-expressions.md:19 src/control-flow/while-let-expressions.md:25
|
|
#: src/std/option-result.md:16 src/std/string.md:28 src/std/box.md:32 src/std/rc.md:26
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/afternoon.md:5 src/traits.md:39 src/traits/iterator.md:30
|
|
#: src/traits/from-iterator.md:12 src/traits/operators.md:24 src/traits/drop.md:32
|
|
#: src/generics/methods.md:23 src/generics/trait-bounds.md:20 src/generics/impl-trait.md:22
|
|
#: src/generics/closures.md:23 src/exercises/day-3/morning.md:5 src/error-handling/result.md:25
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try-operator.md:48 src/error-handling/converting-error-types.md:66
|
|
#: src/error-handling/deriving-error-enums.md:37 src/error-handling/dynamic-errors.md:34
|
|
#: src/error-handling/error-contexts.md:33 src/unsafe.md:26 src/unsafe/raw-pointers.md:24
|
|
#: src/unsafe/mutable-static-variables.md:30 src/unsafe/unions.md:19
|
|
#: src/unsafe/writing-unsafe-functions.md:31 src/unsafe/extern-functions.md:19
|
|
#: src/unsafe/unsafe-traits.md:28 src/exercises/day-3/afternoon.md:5 src/concurrency/threads.md:28
|
|
#: src/concurrency/channels.md:25 src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md:27
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md:21 src/concurrency/send-sync.md:18
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md:12 src/exercises/day-4/morning.md:10
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:81 src/exercises/day-4/afternoon.md:10
|
|
msgid "<details>"
|
|
msgstr "<details>"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome.md:48
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This is an example of a _speaker note_. We will use these to add additional\n"
|
|
"information to the slides. This could be key points which the instructor should\n"
|
|
"cover as well as answers to typical questions which come up in class."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Dies ist ein Beispiel für eine _Sprechernotiz_, welche wir verwenden, um weitere \n"
|
|
"Informationen zu den Folien hinzuzufügen. Sprechernotizen können wichtige Punkte \n"
|
|
"beinhalten, die vom Kursleiter erwähnt werden sollten, oder auch Antworten auf \n"
|
|
"Fragen, die typischerweise im Kurs vorkommen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome.md:52 src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:67 src/cargo/code-samples.md:35
|
|
#: src/cargo/running-locally.md:74 src/welcome-day-1.md:42 src/welcome-day-1/what-is-rust.md:29
|
|
#: src/hello-world.md:36 src/hello-world/small-example.md:44 src/why-rust.md:24
|
|
#: src/why-rust/compile-time.md:35 src/why-rust/runtime.md:22 src/why-rust/modern.md:66
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/compound-types.md:62 src/basic-syntax/references.md:28
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/slices.md:36 src/basic-syntax/functions.md:54 src/exercises/day-1/morning.md:28
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/for-loops.md:95 src/basic-syntax/variables.md:20
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/type-inference.md:48 src/basic-syntax/static-and-const.md:52
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/scopes-shadowing.md:39 src/memory-management/stack.md:32
|
|
#: src/memory-management/rust.md:18 src/ownership/move-semantics.md:26
|
|
#: src/ownership/moves-function-calls.md:26 src/ownership/borrowing.md:51
|
|
#: src/ownership/shared-unique-borrows.md:29 src/ownership/lifetimes-function-calls.md:60
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/afternoon.md:15 src/exercises/day-1/book-library.md:103 src/structs.md:40
|
|
#: src/enums/variant-payloads.md:39 src/enums/sizes.md:49 src/methods/example.md:53
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring-enums.md:39 src/exercises/day-2/morning.md:15
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/points-polygons.md:125 src/control-flow/if-let-expressions.md:26 src/std.md:31
|
|
#: src/std/option-result.md:25 src/std/string.md:34 src/std/vec.md:38 src/std/box.md:37
|
|
#: src/std/rc.md:32 src/exercises/day-2/afternoon.md:11 src/traits.md:54
|
|
#: src/traits/from-iterator.md:23 src/traits/operators.md:38 src/traits/drop.md:42
|
|
#: src/generics/methods.md:31 src/generics/closures.md:38 src/exercises/day-3/morning.md:11
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try-operator.md:55 src/error-handling/converting-error-types.md:78
|
|
#: src/error-handling/deriving-error-enums.md:45 src/error-handling/dynamic-errors.md:41
|
|
#: src/error-handling/error-contexts.md:42 src/unsafe.md:32 src/unsafe/raw-pointers.md:42
|
|
#: src/unsafe/mutable-static-variables.md:35 src/unsafe/unions.md:28
|
|
#: src/unsafe/writing-unsafe-functions.md:38 src/unsafe/extern-functions.md:28
|
|
#: src/unsafe/unsafe-traits.md:37 src/exercises/day-3/afternoon.md:11 src/concurrency/threads.md:45
|
|
#: src/concurrency/channels.md:32 src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md:38
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md:60 src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md:18
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/morning.md:16 src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:86
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/afternoon.md:15
|
|
msgid "</details>"
|
|
msgstr "</details>"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course.md:1
|
|
msgid "# Running the Course"
|
|
msgstr "# Ablauf des Kurses"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course.md:3 src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:3
|
|
msgid "> This page is for the course instructor."
|
|
msgstr "> Diese Seite ist für den Kursleiter."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Here is a bit of background information about how we've been running the course\n"
|
|
"internally at Google."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Hier ein paar Hintergrundinformationen darüber, wie wir den Kurs intern bei Google \n"
|
|
"durchführen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course.md:8
|
|
msgid "To run the course, you need to:"
|
|
msgstr "Um den Kurs durchzuführen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course.md:10
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"1. Make yourself familiar with the course material. We've included speaker notes\n"
|
|
" on some of the pages to help highlight the key points (please help us by\n"
|
|
" contributing more speaker notes!). You should make sure to open the speaker\n"
|
|
" notes in a popup (click the link with a little arrow next to \"Speaker\n"
|
|
" Notes\"). This way you have a clean screen to present to the class."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"1. Mach dich mit dem Kursmaterial vertraut. Wir haben Sprechernotizen an einigen \n"
|
|
" Stellen hinzugefügt, um die wichtigsten Punkte hervorzuheben (du hilfts uns sehr, \n"
|
|
" wenn du weitere Sprechernotizen beisteuerst!). Du solltest die Sprechernotizeb in \n"
|
|
" einem Popup öffnen (klicke dazu auf dem Link mit einem kleinen Pfeil neben \n"
|
|
" \"Sprechernotizen\"). Auf diese Weise präsentierst du den Kursteilnehmern nur \n"
|
|
" das Kursmaterial."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course.md:16
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"2. Decide on the dates. Since the course is large, we recommend that you\n"
|
|
" schedule the four days over two weeks. Course participants have said that\n"
|
|
" they find it helpful to have a gap in the course since it helps them process\n"
|
|
" all the information we give them."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"2. Lege die Termine fest. Da der Kurs recht lang ist, empfehlen wir die 4 Tage \n"
|
|
" verteilt über 2 Wochen zu legen. Bisherige Kursteilnehmer fanden es hilfreich, \n"
|
|
" eine Lücke zwischen Kurstage zu haben, um das Material zu verinnerlichern."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course.md:21
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"3. Find a room large enough for your in-person participants. We recommend a\n"
|
|
" class size of 15-20 people. That's small enough that people are comfortable\n"
|
|
" asking questions --- it's also small enough that one instructor will have\n"
|
|
" time to answer the questions."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"3. Finde einen Raum, der groß genug für alle in Person anwesenden Teilnehmer ist. \n"
|
|
" Wir empfehlen eine Kursgröße von 15-20 Personen. Das ist klein genug, dass sich \n"
|
|
" die Leute wohlfühlen Fragen stellen --- und es ist auch klein genug, dass der \n"
|
|
" Lehrende Zeit hat alle Fragen zu beantworten."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course.md:26
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"4. On the day of your course, show up to the room a little early to set things\n"
|
|
" up. We recommend presenting directly using `mdbook serve` running on your\n"
|
|
" laptop. This ensures optimal performance with no lag as you change pages.\n"
|
|
" Using your laptop will also allow you to fix typos as you or the course\n"
|
|
" participants spot them."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"4. Erscheine am Tag des Kurses etwas früher in dem Raum, um alles vorzubereiten. \n"
|
|
" Wir empfehlen, direkt `mdbook serve` auf deinem Laptop laufen zu lassen, und so \n"
|
|
" den Kurz zu präsentieren. Das minimiert Verzögerungen beim Seitenwechsel und \n"
|
|
" ermöglicht es, Tippfehler, die von Teilnehmern entdeckt werden, gleich währende\n"
|
|
" des Kurses zu korrigieren."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course.md:32
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"5. Let people solve the exercises by themselves or in small groups. Make sure to\n"
|
|
" ask people if they're stuck or if there is anything you can help with. When\n"
|
|
" you see that several people have the same problem, call it out to the class\n"
|
|
" and offer a solution, e.g., by showing people where to find the relevant\n"
|
|
" information in the standard library."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"5. Lass die Teilnehmer die Übungen alleine oder in kleinen Gruppen lösen. Frage ab und zu nach,\n"
|
|
" ob jemand nicht weiterkommt und ob es etwas gibt, wo du helfen kannst. Wenn du merkst,\n"
|
|
" dass mehrere Personen die gleichen Probleme haben, solltest du dies im Kurs ansprechen\n"
|
|
" und Hinweise geben, wo relevante Informationen (wie z.B. Teile der Standardbibliothek) zu \n"
|
|
" finden sind."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course.md:38
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"6. If you don't skip the Android specific parts on Day 4, you will need an [AOSP\n"
|
|
" checkout][1]. Make a checkout of the [course repository][2] on the same\n"
|
|
" machine and move the `src/android/` directory into the root of your AOSP\n"
|
|
" checkout. This will ensure that the Android build system sees the\n"
|
|
" `Android.bp` files in `src/android/`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"6. Für die Android-spezifischen Teile an Tag 4 benötigst du eine lokale \n"
|
|
" Arbeitskopie von [AOSP][1]. Mache eine Arbeitskopie des [Kurses] [2] \n"
|
|
" auf deinem Laptop und verschiebe das Verzeichnis `src/android/` in \n"
|
|
" das Stammverzeichnis Deiner AOSP Arbeitskopie . Dadurch wird \n"
|
|
" sichergestellt, dass das Android-Buildsystem die \n"
|
|
" `Android.bp`-Dateien in `src/android/` sehen kann."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course.md:44
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" Ensure that `adb sync` works with your emulator or real device and pre-build\n"
|
|
" all Android examples using `src/android/build_all.sh`. Read the script to see\n"
|
|
" the commands it runs and make sure they work when you run them by hand."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" Stelle sicher, dass \"adb sync\" auf Ihrem Emulator oder Rechner funktioniert.\n"
|
|
" Erstelle bereits vor dem Kurs alle Android-Beispiele mit `src/android/build_all.sh`. \n"
|
|
" Schaue auch in das Skript rein und probiere aus, ob alle Befehle, die es ausführt\n"
|
|
" auch von Hand ausgeführt funktionieren."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course.md:48
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"That is all, good luck running the course! We hope it will be as much fun for\n"
|
|
"you as it has been for us!"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Das ist alles, viel Glück bei der Durchführung des Kurses! Wir hoffen, dass es dir \n"
|
|
"genauso viel Spaß machen wird wie uns!"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course.md:51
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Please [provide feedback][3] afterwards so that we can keep improving the\n"
|
|
"course. We would love to hear what worked well for you and what can be made\n"
|
|
"better. Your students are also very welcome to [send us feedback][4]!"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Bitte [gib anschließend Rückmeldung][3], damit wir den Kurs weiter verbessern können. \n"
|
|
"Wir sind daran interessiert, was gut funktioniert hat und was verbessert werden kann\n"
|
|
"Auch deine Teilnehmer sind herzlich eingeladen, [uns Rückmeldung zu senden][4]!"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course.md:55
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[1]: https://source.android.com/docs/setup/download/downloading\n"
|
|
"[2]: https://github.com/google/comprehensive-rust\n"
|
|
"[3]: https://github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/discussions/86\n"
|
|
"[4]: https://github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/discussions/100"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[1]: https://source.android.com/docs/setup/download/downloading\n"
|
|
"[2]: https://github.com/google/comprehensive-rust\n"
|
|
"[3]: https://github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/discussions/86\n"
|
|
"[4]: https://github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/discussions/100"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:1
|
|
msgid "# Course Structure"
|
|
msgstr "# Kursstruktur"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:5
|
|
msgid "The course is fast paced and covers a lot of ground:"
|
|
msgstr "Der Kurs geht in schnellem Tempo voran und deckt viele Themen ab:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:7
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Day 1: Basic Rust, ownership and the borrow checker.\n"
|
|
"* Day 2: Compound data types, pattern matching, the standard library.\n"
|
|
"* Day 3: Traits and generics, error handling, testing, unsafe Rust.\n"
|
|
"* Day 4: Concurrency in Rust and interoperability with other languages"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Tag 1: Rust Grundlagen, Eigentümerschaft und der Ausleihenprüfer.\n"
|
|
"* Tag 2: Zusammengesetzte Datentypen, Musterabgleich, die Standardbibliothek.\n"
|
|
"* Tag 3: Merkmale und Generika, Fehlerbehandlung, Testen, unsicheres Rust.\n"
|
|
"* Tag 4: Parallelität in Rust und Interoperabilität mit anderen Sprachen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:12
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"> **Exercise for Day 4:** Do you interface with some C/C++ code in your project\n"
|
|
"> which we could attempt to move to Rust? The fewer dependencies the better.\n"
|
|
"> Parsing code would be ideal."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"> **Übung für Tag 4:** Arbeitest du in deinem Projekt mit C/C++-Code,\n"
|
|
"> den wir versuchen könnten nach Rust zu verschieben? Je weniger Abhängigkeiten, desto besser.\n"
|
|
"> Parser-Code wäre ideal."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:16
|
|
msgid "## Format"
|
|
msgstr "## Format"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md:18
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The course is meant to be very interactive and we recommend letting the\n"
|
|
"questions drive the exploration of Rust!"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Der Kurs soll sehr interaktiv ablaufen und wir empfehlen, durch Fragen die \n"
|
|
"Erkundung von Rust voranzutreiben."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md:1
|
|
msgid "# Keyboard Shortcuts"
|
|
msgstr "# Tastaturkürzel"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md:3
|
|
msgid "There are several useful keyboard shortcuts in mdBook:"
|
|
msgstr "Es gibt mehrere nützliche Tastaturkürzel in mdBook:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* <kbd>Arrow-Left</kbd>: Navigate to the previous page.\n"
|
|
"* <kbd>Arrow-Right</kbd>: Navigate to the next page.\n"
|
|
"* <kbd>Ctrl + Enter</kbd>: Execute the code sample that has focus.\n"
|
|
"* <kbd>s</kbd>: Activate the search bar."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* <kbd>Pfeil-links</kbd>: Zur vorherigen Seite navigieren.\n"
|
|
"* <kbd>Pfeil-rechts</kbd>: Zur nächsten Seite navigieren.\n"
|
|
"* <kbd>Strg + Eingabe</kbd>: Führe das Codebeispiel aus, das aktuell den Fokus hat.\n"
|
|
"* <kbd>s</kbd>: Suchleiste aktivieren."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo.md:1
|
|
msgid "# Using Cargo"
|
|
msgstr "# Cargo verwenden"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo.md:3
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"When you start reading about Rust, you will soon meet [Cargo](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/), "
|
|
"the standard tool\n"
|
|
"used in the Rust ecosystem to build and run Rust applications. Here we want to\n"
|
|
"give a brief overview of what Cargo is and how it fits into the wider ecosystem\n"
|
|
"and how it fits into this training."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Wenn du anfängst über Rust zu lesen, wirst du sehr bald [Cargo](https://doc.rust-lang.org/"
|
|
"cargo/), \n"
|
|
"ein Standardwerkzeug, welches im Rust-Ökosystem verwendet wird, um Rust-Anwendungen zu erstellen \n"
|
|
"und auszuführen, kennenlernen. Hier wollen wir einen kurzen Überblick geben, was Cargo ist und wie "
|
|
"es\n"
|
|
"in das breitere Ökosystem und in dieses Training passt."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo.md:8
|
|
msgid "## Installation"
|
|
msgstr "## Installation"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo.md:10
|
|
msgid "### Rustup (Recommended)"
|
|
msgstr "### Rustup (empfohlen)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo.md:12
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You can follow the instructions to install cargo and rust compiler, among other standard ecosystem "
|
|
"tools with the [rustup][3] tool, which is maintained by the Rust Foundation."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Du kannst den Anweisungen zur Installation von Cargo und des Rust-Compilers sowie anderer Standard-"
|
|
"Ökosystem-Tools mit dem Tool [rustup][3] folgen, das von der Rust Foundation verwaltet wird."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo.md:14
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Along with cargo and rustc, Rustup will install itself as a command line utility that you can use "
|
|
"to install/switch toolchains, setup cross compilation, etc."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Neben cargo und rustc installiert sich rustup selbst als Befehlszeilenprogramm, mit welchem du "
|
|
"Toolchains installieren/wechseln, oder cross-Kompilierung einrichten kannst."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo.md:16
|
|
msgid "### Package Managers"
|
|
msgstr "### Paketmanager"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo.md:18
|
|
msgid "#### Debian"
|
|
msgstr "#### Debian"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo.md:20
|
|
msgid "On Debian/Ubuntu, you can install Cargo and the Rust source with"
|
|
msgstr "Auf Debian/Ubuntu kannst du Cargo und den Rust Quellcode wie folgt installieren:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo.md:22
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```shell\n"
|
|
"$ sudo apt install cargo rust-src\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo.md:26
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This will allow [rust-analyzer][1] to jump to the definitions. We suggest using\n"
|
|
"[VS Code][2] to edit the code (but any LSP compatible editor works)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Dadurch kann [rust-analyzer][1] zu den Definitionen springen. Wir empfehlen die Verwendung\n"
|
|
"von [VS Code][2], um Code zu bearbeiten (aber jeder LSP-kompatible Editor funktioniert auch)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo.md:29
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Some folks also like to use the [JetBrains][4] family of IDEs, which do their own analysis but "
|
|
"have their own tradeoffs. If you prefer them, you can install the [Rust Plugin][5]. Please take "
|
|
"note that as of January 2023 debugging only works on the CLion version of the JetBrains IDEA suite."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Einige Leute verwenden auch gerne die [JetBrains][4]-Familie von IDEs, die eigene Code-Analysen "
|
|
"durchführen, aber auch eigene Einschränkungen haben. Wenn du diese IDEs bevorzugst, kannst du das "
|
|
"[Rust-Plugin] [5] installieren. Bitte beachte, dass das Debuggen seit Januar 2023 nur auf der "
|
|
"CLion-Version funktioniert, welche Teil der JetBrains IDEA-Suite ist."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo.md:31
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[1]: https://rust-analyzer.github.io/\n"
|
|
"[2]: https://code.visualstudio.com/\n"
|
|
"[3]: https://rustup.rs/\n"
|
|
"[4]: https://www.jetbrains.com/clion/\n"
|
|
"[5]: https://www.jetbrains.com/rust/"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[1]: https://rust-analyzer.github.io/\n"
|
|
"[2]: https://code.visualstudio.com/\n"
|
|
"[3]: https://rustup.rs/\n"
|
|
"[4]: https://www.jetbrains.com/clion/\n"
|
|
"[5]: https://www.jetbrains.com/rust/"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:1
|
|
msgid "# The Rust Ecosystem"
|
|
msgstr "# Das Rust-Ökosystem"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:3
|
|
msgid "The Rust ecosystem consists of a number of tools, of which the main ones are:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Das Rust-Ökosystem besteht aus einer Reihe von Werkzeugen, von denen die wichtigsten die Folgenden "
|
|
"sind:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* `rustc`: the Rust compiler which turns `.rs` files into binaries and other\n"
|
|
" intermediate formats[^rustc]."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* „rustc“: der Rust-Compiler, der „.rs“-Dateien in Binärdateien und andere \n"
|
|
" Zwischenformate umwandelt [^rustc]."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:8
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* `cargo`: the Rust dependency manager and build tool. Cargo knows how to\n"
|
|
" download dependencies hosted on <https://crates.io> and it will pass them to\n"
|
|
" `rustc` when building your project. Cargo also comes with a built-in test\n"
|
|
" runner which is used to execute unit tests[^cargo]."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* `cargo`: der Rust-Abhängigkeitsmanager und Build-Tool. Cargo weiß, wie es geht\n"
|
|
" Laden Sie Abhängigkeiten herunter, die auf <https://crates.io> gehostet werden, und es wird sie "
|
|
"an sie weitergeben\n"
|
|
" `rustc`, wenn Sie Ihr Projekt erstellen. Cargo kommt auch mit einem eingebauten Test\n"
|
|
" Runner, der zum Ausführen von Unit-Tests[^cargo] verwendet wird."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:13
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* `rustup`: the Rust toolchain installer and updater. This tool is used to\n"
|
|
" install and update `rustc` and `cargo` when new versions of Rust is released.\n"
|
|
" In addition, `rustup` can also download documentation for the standard\n"
|
|
" library. You can have multiple versions of Rust installed at once and `rustup`\n"
|
|
" will let you switch between them as needed."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* `rustup`: der Rust Toolchain Installer und Updater. Dieses Werkzeug ist gewöhnungsbedürftig\n"
|
|
" Installieren und aktualisieren Sie `rustc` und `cargo`, wenn neue Versionen von Rust "
|
|
"veröffentlicht werden.\n"
|
|
" Darüber hinaus kann `rustup` auch Dokumentationen für den Standard herunterladen\n"
|
|
" Bibliothek. Sie können mehrere Versionen von Rust gleichzeitig installieren und „rustup“ "
|
|
"ausführen\n"
|
|
" können Sie nach Bedarf zwischen ihnen wechseln."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:21 src/hello-world.md:25 src/hello-world/small-example.md:27
|
|
#: src/why-rust/runtime.md:10 src/why-rust/modern.md:21 src/basic-syntax/compound-types.md:30
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try-operator.md:50 src/error-handling/converting-error-types.md:68
|
|
#: src/concurrency/threads.md:30
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Key points:"
|
|
msgstr "Kernpunkte:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:23
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Rust has a rapid release schedule with a new release coming out\n"
|
|
" every six weeks. New releases maintain backwards compatibility with\n"
|
|
" old releases --- plus they enable new functionality."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Rust hat einen schnellen Veröffentlichungszeitplan mit einer neuen Veröffentlichung, die "
|
|
"herauskommt\n"
|
|
" alle sechs Wochen. Neue Releases behalten die Abwärtskompatibilität mit\n"
|
|
" alte Versionen --- und sie ermöglichen neue Funktionen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:27
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* There are three release channels: \"stable\", \"beta\", and \"nightly\"."
|
|
msgstr "* Es gibt drei Veröffentlichungskanäle: „Stable“, „Beta“ und „Nightly“."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:29
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* New features are being tested on \"nightly\", \"beta\" is what becomes\n"
|
|
" \"stable\" every six weeks."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Neue Funktionen werden auf \"Nightly\" getestet, \"Beta\" ist das, was wird\n"
|
|
" \"stabil\" alle sechs Wochen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:32
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Rust also has [editions]: the current edition is Rust 2021. Previous\n"
|
|
" editions were Rust 2015 and Rust 2018."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Rust hat auch [Editionen]: Die aktuelle Edition ist Rust 2021. Zurück\n"
|
|
" Editionen waren Rust 2015 und Rust 2018."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:35
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" * The editions are allowed to make backwards incompatible changes to\n"
|
|
" the language."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" * Die Editionen dürfen rückwärtsinkompatible Änderungen vornehmen\n"
|
|
" die Sprache."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:38
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" * To prevent breaking code, editions are opt-in: you select the\n"
|
|
" edition for your crate via the `Cargo.toml` file."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" * Um das Brechen von Code zu verhindern, sind Editionen Opt-in: Sie wählen die aus\n"
|
|
" Edition für Ihre Kiste über die Datei `Cargo.toml`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:41
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" * To avoid splitting the ecosystem, Rust compilers can mix code\n"
|
|
" written for different editions."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" * Um eine Aufspaltung des Ökosystems zu vermeiden, können Rust-Compiler Code mischen\n"
|
|
" für verschiedene Editionen geschrieben."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:44
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" * Mention that it is quite rare to ever use the compiler directly not through `cargo` (most "
|
|
"users never do)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" * Erwähnen Sie, dass es ziemlich selten vorkommt, den Compiler jemals direkt zu verwenden, nicht "
|
|
"über `cargo` (die meisten Benutzer tun dies nie)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:46
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" * It might be worth alluding that Cargo itself is an extremely powerful and comprehensive tool. "
|
|
"It is capable of many advanced features including but not limited to: \n"
|
|
" * Project/package structure\n"
|
|
" * [workspaces]\n"
|
|
" * Dev Dependencies and Runtime Dependency management/caching\n"
|
|
" * [build scripting]\n"
|
|
" * [global installation]\n"
|
|
" * It is also extensible with sub command plugins as well (such as [cargo clippy]).\n"
|
|
" * Read more from the [official Cargo Book]"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" * Es könnte erwähnenswert sein, dass Cargo selbst ein äußerst leistungsfähiges und umfassendes "
|
|
"Werkzeug ist. Es verfügt über viele erweiterte Funktionen, einschließlich, aber nicht beschränkt "
|
|
"auf:\n"
|
|
" * Projekt-/Paketstruktur\n"
|
|
" * [Arbeitsbereiche]\n"
|
|
" * Verwaltung/Caching von Entwicklungsabhängigkeiten und Laufzeitabhängigkeiten\n"
|
|
" * [Skript erstellen]\n"
|
|
" * [globale Installation]\n"
|
|
" * Es ist auch mit Unterbefehls-Plugins erweiterbar (wie [cargo clippy]).\n"
|
|
" * Lesen Sie mehr aus dem [offiziellen Frachtbuch]"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:55
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "[editions]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/edition-guide/"
|
|
msgstr "[Ausgaben]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/edition-guide/"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:57
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "[workspaces]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/workspaces.html"
|
|
msgstr "[Arbeitsbereiche]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/workspaces.html"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:59
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "[build scripting]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/build-scripts.html"
|
|
msgstr "[Build-Scripting]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/build-scripts.html"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:61
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "[global installation]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/commands/cargo-install.html"
|
|
msgstr "[globale Installation]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/commands/cargo-install.html"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:63
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "[cargo clippy]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-clippy"
|
|
msgstr "[cargo clippy]: https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-clippy"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md:65
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "[official Cargo Book]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/"
|
|
msgstr "[offizielles Frachtbuch]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/code-samples.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Code Samples in This Training"
|
|
msgstr "# Codebeispiele in diesem Training"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/code-samples.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"For this training, we will mostly explore the Rust language through examples\n"
|
|
"which can be executed through your browser. This makes the setup much easier and\n"
|
|
"ensures a consistent experience for everyone."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"In diesem Training werden wir die Rust-Sprache hauptsächlich anhand von Beispielen erkunden\n"
|
|
"die über Ihren Browser ausgeführt werden können. Dies erleichtert die Einrichtung erheblich und\n"
|
|
"sorgt für ein konsistentes Erlebnis für alle."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/code-samples.md:7
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Installing Cargo is still encouraged: it will make it easier for you to do the\n"
|
|
"exercises. On the last day, we will do a larger exercise which shows you how to\n"
|
|
"work with dependencies and for that you need Cargo."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Die Installation von Cargo wird dennoch empfohlen: Es wird Ihnen die Arbeit erleichtern\n"
|
|
"Übungen. Am letzten Tag werden wir eine größere Übung machen, die Ihnen zeigt, wie es geht\n"
|
|
"Arbeiten Sie mit Abhängigkeiten und dafür benötigen Sie Cargo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/code-samples.md:11
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "The code blocks in this course are fully interactive:"
|
|
msgstr "Die Codeblöcke in diesem Kurs sind vollständig interaktiv:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/code-samples.md:13
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"Edit me!\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/code-samples.md:19
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You can use <kbd>Ctrl + Enter</kbd> to execute the code when focus is in the\n"
|
|
"text box."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Sie können <kbd>Strg + Eingabe</kbd> verwenden, um den Code auszuführen, wenn der Fokus auf der "
|
|
"ist\n"
|
|
"Textfeld."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/code-samples.md:24
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Most code samples are editable like shown above. A few code samples\n"
|
|
"are not editable for various reasons:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Die meisten Codebeispiele können wie oben gezeigt bearbeitet werden. Ein paar Codebeispiele\n"
|
|
"sind aus verschiedenen Gründen nicht editierbar:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/code-samples.md:27
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* The embedded playgrounds cannot execute unit tests. Copy-paste the\n"
|
|
" code and open it in the real Playground to demonstrate unit tests."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Die eingebetteten Playgrounds können keine Unit-Tests ausführen. Kopieren Sie die\n"
|
|
" code und öffnen Sie ihn im realen Playground, um Unit-Tests zu demonstrieren."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/code-samples.md:30
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* The embedded playgrounds lose their state the moment you navigate\n"
|
|
" away from the page! This is the reason that the students should\n"
|
|
" solve the exercises using a local Rust installation or via the\n"
|
|
" Playground."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Die eingebetteten Playgrounds verlieren ihren Zustand, sobald Sie navigieren\n"
|
|
" Weg von der Seite! Aus diesem Grund sollten die Schüler\n"
|
|
" Lösen Sie die Aufgaben mit einer lokalen Rust-Installation oder über die\n"
|
|
" Spielplatz."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/running-locally.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Running Code Locally with Cargo"
|
|
msgstr "# Code lokal mit Cargo ausführen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/running-locally.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If you want to experiment with the code on your own system, then you will need\n"
|
|
"to first install Rust. Do this by following the [instructions in the Rust\n"
|
|
"Book][1]. This should give you a working `rustc` and `cargo`. At the time of\n"
|
|
"writing, the latest stable Rust release has these version numbers:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Wenn Sie mit dem Code auf Ihrem eigenen System experimentieren möchten, benötigen Sie\n"
|
|
"zuerst Rust zu installieren. Befolgen Sie dazu die [Anweisungen in Rust\n"
|
|
"Buch 1]. Dies sollte Ihnen ein funktionierendes `rustc` und `cargo` geben. Zur Zeit von\n"
|
|
"Schreiben hat die neueste stabile Rust-Version diese Versionsnummern:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/running-locally.md:8
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```shell\n"
|
|
"% rustc --version\n"
|
|
"rustc 1.61.0 (fe5b13d68 2022-05-18)\n"
|
|
"% cargo --version\n"
|
|
"cargo 1.61.0 (a028ae4 2022-04-29)\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/running-locally.md:15
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"With this is in place, then follow these steps to build a Rust binary from one\n"
|
|
"of the examples in this training:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Wenn dies vorhanden ist, befolgen Sie diese Schritte, um eine Rust-Binärdatei aus einer zu "
|
|
"erstellen\n"
|
|
"der Beispiele in diesem Training:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/running-locally.md:18
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "1. Click the \"Copy to clipboard\" button on the example you want to copy."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"1. Klicken Sie bei dem Beispiel, das Sie kopieren möchten, auf die Schaltfläche \"In die "
|
|
"Zwischenablage kopieren\"."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/running-locally.md:20
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "2. Use `cargo new exercise` to create a new `exercise/` directory for your code:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"2. Verwenden Sie `cargo new Exercise`, um ein neues `exercise/`-Verzeichnis für Ihren Code zu "
|
|
"erstellen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/running-locally.md:22
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" ```shell\n"
|
|
" $ cargo new exercise\n"
|
|
" Created binary (application) `exercise` package\n"
|
|
" ```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/running-locally.md:27
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "3. Navigate into `exercise/` and use `cargo run` to build and run your binary:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"3. Navigieren Sie zu „exercise/“ und verwenden Sie „cargo run“, um Ihre Binärdatei zu erstellen "
|
|
"und auszuführen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/running-locally.md:29
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" ```shell\n"
|
|
" $ cd exercise\n"
|
|
" $ cargo run\n"
|
|
" Compiling exercise v0.1.0 (/home/mgeisler/tmp/exercise)\n"
|
|
" Finished dev [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.75s\n"
|
|
" Running `target/debug/exercise`\n"
|
|
" Hello, world!\n"
|
|
" ```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/running-locally.md:38
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"4. Replace the boiler-plate code in `src/main.rs` with your own code. For\n"
|
|
" example, using the example on the previous page, make `src/main.rs` look like"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"4. Ersetzen Sie den Standardcode in `src/main.rs` durch Ihren eigenen Code. Für\n"
|
|
" Verwenden Sie beispielsweise das Beispiel auf der vorherigen Seite und lassen Sie `src/main.rs` "
|
|
"so aussehen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/running-locally.md:41
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" ```rust\n"
|
|
" fn main() {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"Edit me!\");\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" ```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/running-locally.md:47
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "5. Use `cargo run` to build and run your updated binary:"
|
|
msgstr "5. Verwenden Sie „cargo run“, um Ihre aktualisierte Binärdatei zu erstellen und auszuführen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/running-locally.md:49
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" ```shell\n"
|
|
" $ cargo run\n"
|
|
" Compiling exercise v0.1.0 (/home/mgeisler/tmp/exercise)\n"
|
|
" Finished dev [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.24s\n"
|
|
" Running `target/debug/exercise`\n"
|
|
" Edit me!\n"
|
|
" ```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/running-locally.md:57
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"6. Use `cargo check` to quickly check your project for errors, use `cargo build`\n"
|
|
" to compile it without running it. You will find the output in `target/debug/`\n"
|
|
" for a normal debug build. Use `cargo build --release` to produce an optimized\n"
|
|
" release build in `target/release/`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"6. Verwenden Sie „Cargo Check“, um Ihr Projekt schnell auf Fehler zu überprüfen, verwenden Sie "
|
|
"„Cargo Build“.\n"
|
|
" um es zu kompilieren, ohne es auszuführen. Die Ausgabe finden Sie in `target/debug/`\n"
|
|
" für einen normalen Debug-Build. Verwenden Sie `cargo build --release`, um eine optimierte\n"
|
|
" Release-Build in `target/release/`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/running-locally.md:62
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"7. You can add dependencies for your project by editing `Cargo.toml`. When you\n"
|
|
" run `cargo` commands, it will automatically download and compile missing\n"
|
|
" dependencies for you."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"7. Sie können Abhängigkeiten für Ihr Projekt hinzufügen, indem Sie `Cargo.toml` bearbeiten. Wenn "
|
|
"du\n"
|
|
" Führen Sie \"Cargo\"-Befehle aus, es wird automatisch heruntergeladen und kompiliert\n"
|
|
" Abhängigkeiten für Sie."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/running-locally.md:66
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "[1]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch01-01-installation.html"
|
|
msgstr "[1]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch01-01-installation.html"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/running-locally.md:70
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Try to encourage the class participants to install Cargo and use a\n"
|
|
"local editor. It will make their life easier since they will have a\n"
|
|
"normal development environment."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Versuchen Sie, die Kursteilnehmer zu ermutigen, Cargo zu installieren und a\n"
|
|
"lokaler Redakteur. Es wird ihr Leben einfacher machen, da sie a haben werden\n"
|
|
"normale Entwicklungsumgebung."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Welcome to Day 1"
|
|
msgstr "# Willkommen zu Tag 1"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This is the first day of Comprehensive Rust. We will cover a lot of ground\n"
|
|
"today:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Dies ist der erste Tag von Comprehensive Rust. Wir werden viel Boden abdecken\n"
|
|
"Heute:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1.md:6
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Basic Rust syntax: variables, scalar and compound types, enums, structs,\n"
|
|
" references, functions, and methods."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Grundlegende Rust-Syntax: Variablen, skalare und zusammengesetzte Typen, Aufzählungen, "
|
|
"Strukturen,\n"
|
|
" Referenzen, Funktionen und Methoden."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1.md:9
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Memory management: stack vs heap, manual memory management, scope-based memory\n"
|
|
" management, and garbage collection."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Speicherverwaltung: Stack vs. Heap, manuelle Speicherverwaltung, bereichsbasierter Speicher\n"
|
|
" Verwaltung und Garbage Collection."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1.md:12
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* Ownership: move semantics, copying and cloning, borrowing, and lifetimes."
|
|
msgstr "* Eigentum: Verschieben von Semantik, Kopieren und Klonen, Ausleihen und Lebensdauern."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1.md:16
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Please remind the students that:"
|
|
msgstr "Bitte erinnern Sie die Schüler daran:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1.md:18
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* They should ask questions when they get them, don't save them to the end.\n"
|
|
"* The class is meant to be interactive and discussions are very much encouraged!\n"
|
|
" * As an instructor, you should try to keep the discussions relevant, i.e.,\n"
|
|
" keep the related to how Rust does things vs some other language. It can be\n"
|
|
" hard to find the right balance, but err on the side of allowing discussions\n"
|
|
" since they engage people much more than one-way communication.\n"
|
|
"* The questions will likely mean that we about things ahead of the slides.\n"
|
|
" * This is perfectly okay! Repetition is an important part of leaning. Remember\n"
|
|
" that the slides are just a support and you are free to skip them as you\n"
|
|
" like."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Sie sollten Fragen stellen, wenn sie sie bekommen, und sie nicht bis zum Ende aufheben.\n"
|
|
"* Der Unterricht soll interaktiv sein und Diskussionen sind sehr erwünscht!\n"
|
|
" * Als Dozent sollten Sie versuchen, die Diskussionen relevant zu halten, d. h.\n"
|
|
" Behalten Sie den Bezug dazu bei, wie Rust Dinge im Vergleich zu einer anderen Sprache tut. Es "
|
|
"kann sein\n"
|
|
" schwer, die richtige Balance zu finden, aber lieber Diskussionen zulassen\n"
|
|
" da sie Menschen viel mehr einbeziehen als nur eine Einbahnstraße.\n"
|
|
"* Die Fragen werden wahrscheinlich bedeuten, dass wir über die Dinge vor den Folien sprechen.\n"
|
|
" * Das ist vollkommen in Ordnung! Wiederholung ist ein wichtiger Teil des Lernens. Erinnern\n"
|
|
" dass die Folien nur eine Unterstützung sind und Sie sie nach Belieben überspringen können\n"
|
|
" wie."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1.md:29
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The idea for the first day is to show _just enough_ of Rust to be able to speak\n"
|
|
"about the famous borrow checker. The way Rust handles memory is a major feature\n"
|
|
"and we should show students this right away."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Die Idee für den ersten Tag ist, Rust _gerade genug_ zu zeigen, um sprechen zu können\n"
|
|
"über den berühmten Kreditprüfer. Die Art und Weise, wie Rust mit Speicher umgeht, ist ein "
|
|
"wichtiges Merkmal\n"
|
|
"und das sollten wir den Schülern gleich zeigen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1.md:33
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If you're teaching this in a classroom, this is a good place to go over the\n"
|
|
"schedule. We suggest splitting the day into two parts (following the slides):"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Wenn Sie dies in einem Klassenzimmer unterrichten, ist dies ein guter Ort, um darüber "
|
|
"nachzudenken\n"
|
|
"Zeitplan. Wir empfehlen, den Tag in zwei Teile aufzuteilen (nach den Folien):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1.md:36
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Morning: 9:00 to 12:00,\n"
|
|
"* Afternoon: 13:00 to 16:00."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Morgens: 9:00 bis 12:00 Uhr,\n"
|
|
"* Nachmittag: 13:00 bis 16:00 Uhr."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1.md:39
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You can of course adjust this as necessary. Please make sure to include breaks,\n"
|
|
"we recommend a break every hour!"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Dies können Sie natürlich bei Bedarf anpassen. Bitte achten Sie darauf, Pausen einzuplanen,\n"
|
|
"Wir empfehlen jede Stunde eine Pause!"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1/what-is-rust.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# What is Rust?"
|
|
msgstr "# Was ist Rost?"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1/what-is-rust.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Rust is a new programming language which had its 1.0 release in 2015:"
|
|
msgstr "Rust ist eine neue Programmiersprache, die 2015 ihre Version 1.0 hatte:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1/what-is-rust.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Rust is a statically compiled language in a similar role as C++\n"
|
|
" * `rustc` uses LLVM as its backend.\n"
|
|
"* Rust supports many [platforms and\n"
|
|
" architectures](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/rustc/platform-support.html):\n"
|
|
" * x86, ARM, WebAssembly, ...\n"
|
|
" * Linux, Mac, Windows, ...\n"
|
|
"* Rust is used for a wide range of devices:\n"
|
|
" * firmware and boot loaders,\n"
|
|
" * smart displays,\n"
|
|
" * mobile phones,\n"
|
|
" * desktops,\n"
|
|
" * servers."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Rust ist eine statisch kompilierte Sprache in einer ähnlichen Rolle wie C++\n"
|
|
" * `rustc` verwendet LLVM als Backend.\n"
|
|
"* Rust unterstützt viele [Plattformen und\n"
|
|
" Architekturen] (https://doc.rust-lang.org/nightly/rustc/platform-support.html):\n"
|
|
" * x86, ARM, WebAssembly, ...\n"
|
|
" * Linux, Mac, Windows, ...\n"
|
|
"* Rust wird für eine Vielzahl von Geräten verwendet:\n"
|
|
" * Firmware und Bootloader,\n"
|
|
" * intelligente Displays,\n"
|
|
" * Mobiltelefone,\n"
|
|
" * Desktops,\n"
|
|
" * Server."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1/what-is-rust.md:21
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Rust fits in the same area as C++:"
|
|
msgstr "Rust passt in den gleichen Bereich wie C++:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1/what-is-rust.md:23
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* High flexibility.\n"
|
|
"* High level of control.\n"
|
|
"* Can be scaled down to very constrained devices like mobile phones.\n"
|
|
"* Has no runtime or garbage collection.\n"
|
|
"* Focuses on reliability and safety without sacrificing performance."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Hohe Flexibilität.\n"
|
|
"* Hohes Maß an Kontrolle.\n"
|
|
"* Kann auf sehr eingeschränkte Geräte wie Mobiltelefone herunterskaliert werden.\n"
|
|
"* Hat keine Laufzeit oder Garbage Collection.\n"
|
|
"* Konzentriert sich auf Zuverlässigkeit und Sicherheit ohne Leistungseinbußen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Hello World!"
|
|
msgstr "# Hallo Welt!"
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Let us jump into the simplest possible Rust program, a classic Hello World\n"
|
|
"program:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Lassen Sie uns in das einfachste Rust-Programm einsteigen, ein klassisches Hello World\n"
|
|
"Programm:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world.md:6
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"Hello 🌍!\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world.md:12
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "What you see:"
|
|
msgstr "Was Sie sehen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world.md:14
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Functions are introduced with `fn`.\n"
|
|
"* Blocks are delimited by curly braces like in C and C++.\n"
|
|
"* The `main` function is the entry point of the program.\n"
|
|
"* Rust has hygienic macros, `println!` is an example of this.\n"
|
|
"* Rust strings are UTF-8 encoded and can contain any Unicode character."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Funktionen werden mit `fn` eingeleitet.\n"
|
|
"* Blöcke werden wie in C und C++ durch geschweifte Klammern getrennt.\n"
|
|
"* Die Hauptfunktion ist der Einstiegspunkt des Programms.\n"
|
|
"* Rust hat hygienische Makros, `println!` ist ein Beispiel dafür.\n"
|
|
"* Rust-Strings sind UTF-8-codiert und können beliebige Unicode-Zeichen enthalten."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world.md:22
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This slide tries to make the students comfortable with Rust code. They will see\n"
|
|
"a ton of it over the next four days so we start small with something familiar."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Diese Folie versucht, die Schüler mit Rust-Code vertraut zu machen. Sie werden sehen\n"
|
|
"eine Tonne davon in den nächsten vier Tagen, also fangen wir klein mit etwas Vertrautem an."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world.md:27
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Rust is very much like other languages in the C/C++/Java tradition. It is\n"
|
|
" imperative (not functional) and it doesn't try to reinvent things unless\n"
|
|
" absolutely necessary."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Rust ist anderen Sprachen in der C/C++/Java-Tradition sehr ähnlich. Es ist\n"
|
|
" Imperativ (nicht funktional) und es versucht nicht, Dinge neu zu erfinden, es sei denn\n"
|
|
" absolut notwendig."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world.md:31
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* Rust is modern with full support for things like Unicode."
|
|
msgstr "* Rust ist modern mit voller Unterstützung für Dinge wie Unicode."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world.md:33
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Rust uses macros for situations where you want to have a variable number of\n"
|
|
" arguments (no function [overloading](basic-syntax/functions-interlude.md))."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Rust verwendet Makros für Situationen, in denen Sie eine variable Anzahl von Makros haben "
|
|
"möchten\n"
|
|
" Argumente (keine Funktion [Überladen] (Grundsyntax/Funktionen-Zwischenspiel.md))."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/small-example.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Small Example"
|
|
msgstr "# Kleines Beispiel"
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/small-example.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Here is a small example program in Rust:"
|
|
msgstr "Hier ein kleines Beispielprogramm in Rust:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/small-example.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() { // Program entry point\n"
|
|
" let mut x: i32 = 6; // Mutable variable binding\n"
|
|
" print!(\"{x}\"); // Macro for printing, like printf\n"
|
|
" while x != 1 { // No parenthesis around expression\n"
|
|
" if x % 2 == 0 { // Math like in other languages\n"
|
|
" x = x / 2;\n"
|
|
" } else {\n"
|
|
" x = 3 * x + 1;\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" print!(\" -> {x}\");\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" println!();\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/small-example.md:23
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The code implements the Collatz conjecture: it is believed that the loop will\n"
|
|
"always end, but this is not yet proved. Edit the code and play with different\n"
|
|
"inputs."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Der Code implementiert die Collatz-Vermutung: Es wird angenommen, dass die Schleife dies tut\n"
|
|
"immer enden, aber das ist noch nicht bewiesen. Bearbeiten Sie den Code und spielen Sie mit "
|
|
"verschiedenen\n"
|
|
"Eingänge."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/small-example.md:29
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Explain that all variables are statically typed. Try removing `i32` to trigger\n"
|
|
" type inference. Try with `i8` instead and trigger a runtime integer overflow."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Erklären Sie, dass alle Variablen statisch typisiert sind. Versuchen Sie, „i32“ zu entfernen, um "
|
|
"auszulösen\n"
|
|
" Typ Inferenz. Versuchen Sie es stattdessen mit \"i8\" und lösen Sie einen Integer-Überlauf zur "
|
|
"Laufzeit aus."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/small-example.md:32
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* Change `let mut x` to `let x`, discuss the compiler error."
|
|
msgstr "* Ändere `let mut x` in `let x`, diskutiere den Compiler-Fehler."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/small-example.md:34
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Show how `print!` gives a compilation error if the arguments don't match the\n"
|
|
" format string."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Zeigen Sie, wie `print!` einen Kompilierungsfehler ausgibt, wenn die Argumente nicht "
|
|
"übereinstimmen\n"
|
|
" Zeichenfolge formatieren."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/small-example.md:37
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Show how you need to use `{}` as a placeholder if you want to print an\n"
|
|
" expression which is more complex than just a single variable."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Zeigen Sie, wie Sie `{}` als Platzhalter verwenden müssen, wenn Sie eine drucken möchten\n"
|
|
" Ausdruck, der komplexer ist als nur eine einzelne Variable."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/small-example.md:40
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Show the students the standard library, show them how to search for `std::fmt`\n"
|
|
" which has the rules of the formatting mini-language. It's important that the\n"
|
|
" students become familiar with searching in the standard library."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Zeigen Sie den Schülern die Standardbibliothek, zeigen Sie ihnen, wie man nach `std::fmt` sucht\n"
|
|
" die die Regeln der Formatierungsminisprache hat. Wichtig ist, dass die\n"
|
|
" Die Schüler lernen die Suche in der Standardbibliothek kennen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/why-rust.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Why Rust?"
|
|
msgstr "# Warum Rost?"
|
|
|
|
#: src/why-rust.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Some unique selling points of Rust:"
|
|
msgstr "Einige Alleinstellungsmerkmale von Rust:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/why-rust.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Compile time memory safety.\n"
|
|
"* Lack of undefined runtime behavior.\n"
|
|
"* Modern language features."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Kompilierzeit-Speichersicherheit.\n"
|
|
"* Mangel an undefiniertem Laufzeitverhalten.\n"
|
|
"* Moderne Sprachfunktionen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/why-rust.md:11
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Make sure to ask the class which languages they have experience with. Depending\n"
|
|
"on the answer you can highlight different features of Rust:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Fragen Sie die Klasse unbedingt, mit welchen Sprachen sie Erfahrung haben. Abhängig\n"
|
|
"Auf der Antwort können Sie verschiedene Funktionen von Rust hervorheben:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/why-rust.md:14
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Experience with C or C++: Rust eliminates a whole class of _runtime errors_\n"
|
|
" via the borrow checker. You get performance like in C and C++, but you don't\n"
|
|
" have the memory unsafety issues. In addition, you get a modern language with\n"
|
|
" constructs like pattern matching and built-in dependency management."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Erfahrung mit C oder C++: Rust eliminiert eine ganze Klasse von _Laufzeitfehlern_\n"
|
|
" über den Ausleihprüfer. Sie erhalten eine Leistung wie in C und C++, aber Sie tun es nicht\n"
|
|
" habe die Speicherunsicherheitsprobleme. Außerdem bekommt man eine moderne Sprache mit\n"
|
|
" Konstrukte wie Musterabgleich und integriertes Abhängigkeitsmanagement."
|
|
|
|
#: src/why-rust.md:19
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Experience with Java, Go, Python, JavaScript...: You get the same memory safety\n"
|
|
" as in those languages, plus a similar high-level language feeling. In addition\n"
|
|
" you get fast and predictable performance like C and C++ (no garbage collector)\n"
|
|
" as well as access to low-level hardware (should you need it)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Erfahrung mit Java, Go, Python, JavaScript...: Sie erhalten die gleiche Speichersicherheit\n"
|
|
" wie in diesen Sprachen, dazu ein ähnliches Hochsprachengefühl. Zusätzlich\n"
|
|
" Sie erhalten eine schnelle und vorhersehbare Leistung wie C und C++ (kein Garbage Collector)\n"
|
|
" sowie Zugriff auf Low-Level-Hardware (falls erforderlich)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/why-rust/compile-time.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Compile Time Guarantees"
|
|
msgstr "# Kompilierzeitgarantien"
|
|
|
|
#: src/why-rust/compile-time.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Static memory management at compile time:"
|
|
msgstr "Statische Speicherverwaltung zur Kompilierzeit:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/why-rust/compile-time.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* No uninitialized variables.\n"
|
|
"* No memory leaks (_mostly_, see notes).\n"
|
|
"* No double-frees.\n"
|
|
"* No use-after-free.\n"
|
|
"* No `NULL` pointers.\n"
|
|
"* No forgotten locked mutexes.\n"
|
|
"* No data races between threads.\n"
|
|
"* No iterator invalidation."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Keine nicht initialisierten Variablen.\n"
|
|
"* Keine Speicherlecks (_meistens_, siehe Anmerkungen).\n"
|
|
"* Keine Doppelbefreiungen.\n"
|
|
"* Keine Nachnutzung.\n"
|
|
"* Keine `NULL`-Zeiger.\n"
|
|
"* Keine vergessenen gesperrten Mutexe.\n"
|
|
"* Keine Datenrennen zwischen Threads.\n"
|
|
"* Keine Invalidierung des Iterators."
|
|
|
|
#: src/why-rust/compile-time.md:16
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"It is possible to produce memory leaks in (safe) Rust. Some examples\n"
|
|
"are:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Es ist möglich, Speicherlecks in (sicherem) Rust zu erzeugen. Einige Beispiele\n"
|
|
"Sind:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/why-rust/compile-time.md:19
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* You can for use [`Box::leak`] to leak a pointer. A use of this could\n"
|
|
" be to get runtime-initialized and runtime-sized static variables\n"
|
|
"* You can use [`std::mem::forget`] to make the compiler \"forget\" about\n"
|
|
" a value (meaning the destructor is never run).\n"
|
|
"* You can also accidentally create a [reference cycle] with `Rc` or\n"
|
|
" `Arc`.\n"
|
|
"* In fact, some will consider infinitely populating a collection a memory\n"
|
|
" leak and Rust does not protect from those."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Sie können [`Box::leak`] verwenden, um einen Zeiger zu verlieren. Eine Nutzung dieser könnte\n"
|
|
" sein, um zur Laufzeit initialisierte statische Variablen in Laufzeitgröße zu erhalten\n"
|
|
"* Sie können [`std::mem::forget`] verwenden, um den Compiler \"vergessen\" zu lassen\n"
|
|
" ein Wert (was bedeutet, dass der Destruktor niemals ausgeführt wird).\n"
|
|
"* Sie können auch versehentlich einen [Referenzzyklus] mit `Rc` oder erstellen\n"
|
|
" \"Bogen\".\n"
|
|
"* In der Tat werden einige in Betracht ziehen, eine Sammlung unendlich als Erinnerung zu füllen\n"
|
|
" Leck und Rost schützt nicht vor denen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/why-rust/compile-time.md:28
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"For the purpose of this course, \"No memory leaks\" should be understood\n"
|
|
"as \"Pretty much no *accidental* memory leaks\"."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Für die Zwecke dieses Kurses sollte \"Keine Speicherlecks\" verstanden werden\n"
|
|
"als \"so gut wie keine *versehentlichen* Speicherlecks\"."
|
|
|
|
#: src/why-rust/compile-time.md:31
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[`Box::leak`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/boxed/struct.Box.html#method.leak\n"
|
|
"[`std::mem::forget`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/mem/fn.forget.html\n"
|
|
"[reference cycle]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch15-06-reference-cycles.html"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[`Box::leak`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/boxed/struct.Box.html#method.leak\n"
|
|
"[`std::mem::forget`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/mem/fn.forget.html\n"
|
|
"[Referenzzyklus]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch15-06-reference-cycles.html"
|
|
|
|
#: src/why-rust/runtime.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Runtime Guarantees"
|
|
msgstr "# Laufzeitgarantien"
|
|
|
|
#: src/why-rust/runtime.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "No undefined behavior at runtime:"
|
|
msgstr "Kein undefiniertes Verhalten zur Laufzeit:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/why-rust/runtime.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Array access is bounds checked.\n"
|
|
"* Integer overflow is defined."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Der Array-Zugriff wird auf Grenzen geprüft.\n"
|
|
"* Ganzzahlüberlauf ist definiert."
|
|
|
|
#: src/why-rust/runtime.md:12
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Integer overflow is defined via a compile-time flag. The options are\n"
|
|
" either a panic (a controlled crash of the program) or wrap-around\n"
|
|
" semantics. By default, you get panics in debug mode (`cargo build`)\n"
|
|
" and wrap-around in release mode (`cargo build --release`)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Ganzzahlüberlauf wird über ein Flag zur Kompilierzeit definiert. Die Optionen sind\n"
|
|
" entweder eine Panik (ein kontrollierter Absturz des Programms) oder ein Wrap-Around\n"
|
|
" Semantik. Standardmäßig erhalten Sie Panik im Debug-Modus (`cargo build`)\n"
|
|
" und Wrap-Around im Release-Modus (`cargo build --release`)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/why-rust/runtime.md:17
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Bounds checking cannot be disabled with a compiler flag. It can also\n"
|
|
" not be disabled directly with the `unsafe` keyword. However,\n"
|
|
" `unsafe` allows you to call functions such as `slice::get_unchecked`\n"
|
|
" which does not do bounds checking."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Die Begrenzungsprüfung kann nicht mit einem Compiler-Flag deaktiviert werden. Es kann auch\n"
|
|
" nicht direkt mit dem Schlüsselwort „unsafe“ deaktiviert werden. Jedoch,\n"
|
|
" `unsafe` erlaubt Ihnen, Funktionen wie `slice::get_unchecked` aufzurufen\n"
|
|
" die keine Begrenzungsprüfung durchführt."
|
|
|
|
#: src/why-rust/modern.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Modern Features"
|
|
msgstr "# Moderne Funktionen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/why-rust/modern.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Rust is built with all the experience gained in the last 40 years."
|
|
msgstr "Rust wird mit all den Erfahrungen der letzten 40 Jahre gebaut."
|
|
|
|
#: src/why-rust/modern.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "## Language Features"
|
|
msgstr "## Sprachmerkmale"
|
|
|
|
#: src/why-rust/modern.md:7
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Enums and pattern matching.\n"
|
|
"* Generics.\n"
|
|
"* No overhead FFI.\n"
|
|
"* Zero-cost abstractions."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Enums und Musterabgleich.\n"
|
|
"* Generika.\n"
|
|
"* Kein Overhead-FFI.\n"
|
|
"* Nullkosten-Abstraktionen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/why-rust/modern.md:12
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "## Tooling"
|
|
msgstr "## Werkzeuge"
|
|
|
|
#: src/why-rust/modern.md:14
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Great compiler errors.\n"
|
|
"* Built-in dependency manager.\n"
|
|
"* Built-in support for testing.\n"
|
|
"* Excellent Language Server Protocol support."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Große Compiler-Fehler.\n"
|
|
"* Eingebauter Abhängigkeitsmanager.\n"
|
|
"* Eingebaute Unterstützung zum Testen.\n"
|
|
"* Hervorragende Unterstützung des Language Server Protocol."
|
|
|
|
#: src/why-rust/modern.md:23
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Zero-cost abstractions, similar to C++, means that you don't have to 'pay'\n"
|
|
" for higher-level programming constructs with memory or CPU. For example,\n"
|
|
" writing a loop using `for` should result in roughly the same low level\n"
|
|
" instructions as using the `.iter().fold()` construct."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Zero-Cost-Abstraktionen, ähnlich wie C++, bedeutet, dass Sie nicht „bezahlen“ müssen\n"
|
|
" für übergeordnete Programmierkonstrukte mit Speicher oder CPU. Zum Beispiel,\n"
|
|
" Das Schreiben einer Schleife mit `for` sollte ungefähr den gleichen niedrigen Pegel ergeben\n"
|
|
" Anweisungen wie die Verwendung des `.iter().fold()`-Konstrukts."
|
|
|
|
#: src/why-rust/modern.md:28
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* It may be worth mentioning that Rust enums are 'Algebraic Data Types', also\n"
|
|
" known as 'sum types', which allow the type system to express things like\n"
|
|
" `Option<T>` and `Result<T, E>`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Es sollte erwähnt werden, dass Rust-Enumerationen auch 'algebraische Datentypen' sind\n"
|
|
" bekannt als \"Summentypen\", die es dem Typsystem ermöglichen, Dinge wie auszudrücken\n"
|
|
" `Option<T>` und `Ergebnis<T, E>`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/why-rust/modern.md:32
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Remind people to read the errors --- many developers have gotten used to\n"
|
|
" ignore lengthy compiler output. The Rust compiler is significantly more\n"
|
|
" talkative than other compilers. It will often provide you with _actionable_\n"
|
|
" feedback, ready to copy-paste into your code."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Erinnere die Leute daran, die Fehler zu lesen --- viele Entwickler haben sich daran gewöhnt\n"
|
|
" Ignoriere lange Compiler-Ausgaben. Der Rust-Compiler ist deutlich mehr\n"
|
|
" gesprächiger als andere Compiler. Es wird Ihnen oft _umsetzbare_\n"
|
|
" Feedback, bereit zum Kopieren und Einfügen in Ihren Code."
|
|
|
|
#: src/why-rust/modern.md:37
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* The Rust standard library is small compared to languages like Java, Python,\n"
|
|
" and Go. Rust does not come with several things you might consider standard and\n"
|
|
" essential:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Die Rust-Standardbibliothek ist klein im Vergleich zu Sprachen wie Java, Python,\n"
|
|
" Los geht. Rust kommt nicht mit einigen Dingen, die Sie als Standard betrachten könnten und\n"
|
|
" essentiell:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/why-rust/modern.md:41
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" * a random number generator, but see [rand].\n"
|
|
" * support for SSL or TLS, but see [rusttls].\n"
|
|
" * support for JSON, but see [serde_json]."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" * ein Zufallszahlengenerator, aber siehe [rand].\n"
|
|
" * Unterstützung für SSL oder TLS, aber siehe [rusttls].\n"
|
|
" * Unterstützung für JSON, aber siehe [serde_json]."
|
|
|
|
#: src/why-rust/modern.md:45
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" The reasoning behind this is that functionality in the standard library cannot\n"
|
|
" go away, so it has to be very stable. For the examples above, the Rust\n"
|
|
" community is still working on finding the best solution --- and perhaps there\n"
|
|
" isn't a single \"best solution\" for some of these things."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" Der Grund dafür ist, dass die Funktionalität in der Standardbibliothek dies nicht kann\n"
|
|
" weggehen, also muss es sehr stabil sein. Für die obigen Beispiele ist die Rust\n"
|
|
" Die Community arbeitet immer noch daran, die beste Lösung zu finden --- und vielleicht gibt es "
|
|
"sie\n"
|
|
" ist für einige dieser Dinge keine einzige \"beste Lösung\"."
|
|
|
|
#: src/why-rust/modern.md:50
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" Rust comes with a built-in package manager in the form of Cargo and this makes\n"
|
|
" it trivial to download and compile third-party crates. A consequence of this\n"
|
|
" is that the standard library can be smaller."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" Rust kommt mit einem eingebauten Paketmanager in Form von Cargo und macht das\n"
|
|
" Es ist trivial, Crates von Drittanbietern herunterzuladen und zu kompilieren. Eine Folge davon\n"
|
|
" ist, dass die Standardbibliothek kleiner sein kann."
|
|
|
|
#: src/why-rust/modern.md:54
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" Discovering good third-party crates can be a problem. Sites like\n"
|
|
" <https://lib.rs/> help with this by letting you compare health metrics for\n"
|
|
" crates to find a good and trusted one.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"* [rust-analyzer] is a well supported LSP implementation used in major\n"
|
|
" IDEs and text editors."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" Das Entdecken guter Kisten von Drittanbietern kann ein Problem sein. Seiten wie\n"
|
|
" <https://lib.rs/> hilft dabei, indem es Ihnen ermöglicht, Gesundheitsmetriken für zu "
|
|
"vergleichen\n"
|
|
" Kisten, um eine gute und vertrauenswürdige zu finden.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"* [rust-analyzer] ist eine gut unterstützte LSP-Implementierung, die in Major verwendet wird\n"
|
|
" IDEs und Texteditoren."
|
|
|
|
#: src/why-rust/modern.md:61
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[rand]: https://docs.rs/rand/\n"
|
|
"[rusttls]: https://docs.rs/rustls/\n"
|
|
"[serde_json]: https://docs.rs/serde_json/\n"
|
|
"[rust-analyzer]: https://rust-analyzer.github.io/"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[rand]: https://docs.rs/rand/\n"
|
|
"[rusttls]: https://docs.rs/rustls/\n"
|
|
"[serde_json]: https://docs.rs/serde_json/\n"
|
|
"[Rostanalyzer]: https://rust-analyzer.github.io/"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Basic Syntax"
|
|
msgstr "# Grundlegende Syntax"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Much of the Rust syntax will be familiar to you from C or C++:"
|
|
msgstr "Ein Großteil der Rust-Syntax wird Ihnen aus C oder C++ vertraut sein:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Blocks and scopes are delimited by curly braces.\n"
|
|
"* Line comments are started with `//`, block comments are delimited by `/* ...\n"
|
|
" */`.\n"
|
|
"* Keywords like `if` and `while` work the same.\n"
|
|
"* Variable assignment is done with `=`, comparison is done with `==`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Blöcke und Bereiche werden durch geschweifte Klammern getrennt.\n"
|
|
"* Zeilenkommentare beginnen mit `//`, Blockkommentare werden mit `/* begrenzt ...\n"
|
|
" */`.\n"
|
|
"* Schlüsselwörter wie „if“ und „while“ funktionieren gleich.\n"
|
|
"* Variablenzuweisung erfolgt mit `=`, Vergleich erfolgt mit `==`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/scalar-types.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Scalar Types"
|
|
msgstr "# Skalare Typen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/scalar-types.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"| | Types | "
|
|
"Literals |\n"
|
|
"|------------------------|--------------------------------------------|-------------------------------|\n"
|
|
"| Signed integers | `i8`, `i16`, `i32`, `i64`, `i128`, `isize` | `-10`, `0`, `1_000`, "
|
|
"`123i64` |\n"
|
|
"| Unsigned integers | `u8`, `u16`, `u32`, `u64`, `u128`, `usize` | `0`, `123`, "
|
|
"`10u16` |\n"
|
|
"| Floating point numbers | `f32`, `f64` | `3.14`, `-10.0e20`, "
|
|
"`2f32` |\n"
|
|
"| Strings | `&str` | `\"foo\"`, `r#\"\\\\"
|
|
"\"#` |\n"
|
|
"| Unicode scalar values | `char` | `'a'`, `'α'`, "
|
|
"`'∞'` |\n"
|
|
"| Byte strings | `&[u8]` | `b\"abc\"`, `br#\" \" "
|
|
"\"#` |\n"
|
|
"| Booleans | `bool` | `true`, "
|
|
"`false` |"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"| | Typen | Literale |\n"
|
|
"|------------------------|------------------------ "
|
|
"--------------------|------------------------------------- --|\n"
|
|
"| Ganzzahlen mit Vorzeichen | „i8“, „i16“, „i32“, „i64“, „i128“, „Größe“ | „-10“, „0“, „1_000“, "
|
|
"„123i64“ |\n"
|
|
"| Ganzzahlen ohne Vorzeichen | `u8`, `u16`, `u32`, `u64`, `u128`, `usize` | `0`, `123`, `10u16` |\n"
|
|
"| Fließkommazahlen | „f32“, „f64“ | `3.14`, `-10.0e20`, `2f32` |\n"
|
|
"| Saiten | `&str` | `\"foo\"`, `r#\"\\\\\"#` |\n"
|
|
"| Unicode-Skalarwerte | \"char\" | `'a'`, `'α'`, `'∞'` |\n"
|
|
"| Byte-Strings | `&[u8]` | `b\"abc\"`, `br#\" \" \"#` |\n"
|
|
"| Boolesche Werte | „Bool“ | „wahr“, „falsch“ |"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/scalar-types.md:13
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "The types have widths as follows:"
|
|
msgstr "Die Typen haben folgende Breiten:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/scalar-types.md:15
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* `iN`, `uN`, and `fN` are _N_ bits wide,\n"
|
|
"* `isize` and `usize` are the width of a pointer,\n"
|
|
"* `char` is 32 bit wide,\n"
|
|
"* `bool` is 8 bit wide."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* `iN`, `uN` und `fN` sind _N_ Bits breit,\n"
|
|
"* `isize` und `usize` sind die Breite eines Zeigers,\n"
|
|
"* `char` ist 32 Bit breit,\n"
|
|
"* `bool` ist 8 Bit breit."
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/compound-types.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Compound Types"
|
|
msgstr "# Verbundtypen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/compound-types.md:3
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"| | Types | Literals |\n"
|
|
"|--------|-------------------------------|-----------------------------------|\n"
|
|
"| Arrays | `[T; N]` | `[20, 30, 40]`, `[0; 3]` |\n"
|
|
"| Tuples | `()`, `(T,)`, `(T1, T2)`, ... | `()`, `('x',)`, `('x', 1.2)`, ... |"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/compound-types.md:8
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Array assignment and access:"
|
|
msgstr "Array-Zuordnung und Zugriff:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/compound-types.md:10
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let mut a: [i8; 10] = [42; 10];\n"
|
|
" a[5] = 0;\n"
|
|
" println!(\"a: {:?}\", a);\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/compound-types.md:18
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Tuple assignment and access:"
|
|
msgstr "Tupelzuweisung und Zugriff:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/compound-types.md:20
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let t: (i8, bool) = (7, true);\n"
|
|
" println!(\"1st index: {}\", t.0);\n"
|
|
" println!(\"2nd index: {}\", t.1);\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/compound-types.md:32
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Arrays:"
|
|
msgstr "Arrays:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/compound-types.md:34
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Arrays have elements of the same type, `T`, and length, `N`, which is a compile-time constant.\n"
|
|
" Note that the length of the array is *part of its type*, which means that `[u8; 3]` and\n"
|
|
" `[u8; 4]` are considered two different types."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/compound-types.md:38
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* We can use literals to assign values to arrays."
|
|
msgstr "* Wir können Literale verwenden, um Arrays Werte zuzuweisen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/compound-types.md:40
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* In the main function, the print statement asks for the debug implementation with the `?` format\n"
|
|
" parameter: `{}` gives the default output, `{:?}` gives the debug output. We\n"
|
|
" could also have used `{a}` and `{a:?}` without specifying the value after the\n"
|
|
" format string."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* In der main-Funktion fragt die print-Anweisung nach der Debug-Implementierung mit dem `?`-"
|
|
"Format\n"
|
|
" Parameter: `{}` gibt die Standardausgabe, `{:?}` gibt die Debug-Ausgabe. Wir\n"
|
|
" hätte auch `{a}` und `{a:?}` verwenden können, ohne den Wert nach dem anzugeben\n"
|
|
" Zeichenfolge formatieren."
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/compound-types.md:45
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* Adding `#`, eg `{a:#?}`, invokes a \"pretty printing\" format, which can be easier to read."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Das Hinzufügen von `#`, z. B. `{a:#?}`, ruft ein \"hübsches Druckformat\" auf, das einfacher zu "
|
|
"lesen sein kann."
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/compound-types.md:47
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Tuples:"
|
|
msgstr "Tupel:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/compound-types.md:49
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* Like arrays, tuples have a fixed length."
|
|
msgstr "* Tupel haben wie Arrays eine feste Länge."
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/compound-types.md:51
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* Tuples group together values of different types into a compound type."
|
|
msgstr "* Tupel fassen Werte verschiedener Typen zu einem zusammengesetzten Typ zusammen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/compound-types.md:53
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Fields of a tuple can be accessed by the period and the index of the value, e.g. `t.0`, `t.1`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Auf Felder eines Tupels kann über den Punkt und den Index des Werts zugegriffen werden, z. "
|
|
"„t.0“, „t.1“."
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/compound-types.md:55
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* The empty tuple `()` is also known as the \"unit type\". It is both a type, and\n"
|
|
" the only valid value of that type - that is to say both the type and its value\n"
|
|
" are expressed as `()`. It is used to indicate, for example, that a function or\n"
|
|
" expression has no return value, as we'll see in a future slide. \n"
|
|
" * You can think of it as `void` that can be familiar to you from other \n"
|
|
" programming languages."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Das leere Tupel `()` ist auch als \"Einheitstyp\" bekannt. Es ist sowohl ein Typ als auch\n"
|
|
" der einzig gültige Wert dieses Typs - also sowohl der Typ als auch sein Wert\n"
|
|
" werden als `()` ausgedrückt. Es wird zum Beispiel verwendet, um anzuzeigen, dass eine Funktion "
|
|
"oder\n"
|
|
" Ausdruck hat keinen Rückgabewert, wie wir auf einer zukünftigen Folie sehen werden.\n"
|
|
" * Sie können es sich als „Leere“ vorstellen, die Ihnen von anderen bekannt sein kann\n"
|
|
" Programmiersprachen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/references.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# References"
|
|
msgstr "# Verweise"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/references.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Like C++, Rust has references:"
|
|
msgstr "Wie C++ hat Rust Referenzen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/references.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let mut x: i32 = 10;\n"
|
|
" let ref_x: &mut i32 = &mut x;\n"
|
|
" *ref_x = 20;\n"
|
|
" println!(\"x: {x}\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/references.md:14
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Some notes:"
|
|
msgstr "Einige Notizen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/references.md:16
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* We must dereference `ref_x` when assigning to it, similar to C and C++ pointers.\n"
|
|
"* Rust will auto-dereference in some cases, in particular when invoking\n"
|
|
" methods (try `ref_x.count_ones()`).\n"
|
|
"* References that are declared as `mut` can be bound to different values over their lifetime."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Wir müssen `ref_x` beim Zuweisen dereferenzieren, ähnlich wie bei C- und C++-Zeigern.\n"
|
|
"* Rust wird in einigen Fällen automatisch dereferenzieren, insbesondere beim Aufrufen\n"
|
|
" Methoden (probieren Sie `ref_x.count_ones()`).\n"
|
|
"* Referenzen, die als `mut` deklariert sind, können über ihre Lebensdauer an unterschiedliche "
|
|
"Werte gebunden werden."
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/references.md:24
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Be sure to note the difference between `let mut ref_x: &i32` and `let ref_x:\n"
|
|
" &mut i32`. The first one represents a mutable reference which can be bound to\n"
|
|
" different values, while the second represents a reference to a mutable value."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Beachten Sie unbedingt den Unterschied zwischen `let mut ref_x: &i32` und `let ref_x:\n"
|
|
" &mut i32`. Der erste stellt eine veränderliche Referenz dar, an die gebunden werden kann\n"
|
|
" unterschiedliche Werte, während der zweite einen Verweis auf einen veränderlichen Wert darstellt."
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/references-dangling.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Dangling References"
|
|
msgstr "# Dangling-Referenzen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/references-dangling.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Rust will statically forbid dangling references:"
|
|
msgstr "Rust wird baumelnde Referenzen statisch verbieten:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/references-dangling.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable,compile_fail\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let ref_x: &i32;\n"
|
|
" {\n"
|
|
" let x: i32 = 10;\n"
|
|
" ref_x = &x;\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" println!(\"ref_x: {ref_x}\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/references-dangling.md:16
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* A reference is said to \"borrow\" the value it refers to.\n"
|
|
"* Rust is tracking the lifetimes of all references to ensure they live long\n"
|
|
" enough.\n"
|
|
"* We will talk more about borrowing when we get to ownership."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Eine Referenz soll den Wert, auf den sie sich bezieht, \"leihen\".\n"
|
|
"* Rust verfolgt die Lebensdauer aller Referenzen, um sicherzustellen, dass sie lange leben\n"
|
|
" genug.\n"
|
|
"* Wir werden mehr über das Ausleihen sprechen, wenn wir zum Eigentum kommen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/slices.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Slices"
|
|
msgstr "# Scheiben"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/slices.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "A slice gives you a view into a larger collection:"
|
|
msgstr "Ein Slice gibt Ihnen einen Einblick in eine größere Sammlung:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/slices.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let a: [i32; 6] = [10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60];\n"
|
|
" println!(\"a: {a:?}\");"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/slices.md:10
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" let s: &[i32] = &a[2..4];\n"
|
|
" println!(\"s: {s:?}\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/slices.md:15
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Slices borrow data from the sliced type.\n"
|
|
"* Question: What happens if you modify `a[3]`?"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Slices borgen Daten vom Sliced-Typ.\n"
|
|
"* Frage: Was passiert, wenn Sie `a[3]` ändern?"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/slices.md:20
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* We create a slice by borrowing `a` and specifying the starting and ending indexes in brackets."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Wir erstellen einen Slice, indem wir `a` ausleihen und den Anfangs- und Endindex in Klammern "
|
|
"angeben."
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/slices.md:22
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* If the slice starts at index 0, Rust’s range syntax allows us to drop the starting index, "
|
|
"meaning that `&a[0..a.len()]` and `&a[..a.len()]` are identical.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"* The same is true for the last index, so `&a[2..a.len()]` and `&a[2..]` are identical."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Wenn der Slice bei Index 0 beginnt, erlaubt uns die Range-Syntax von Rust, den Startindex "
|
|
"wegzulassen, was bedeutet, dass `&a[0..a.len()]` und `&a[..a.len()]` identisch sind .\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"* Dasselbe gilt für den letzten Index, also sind `&a[2..a.len()]` und `&a[2..]` identisch."
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/slices.md:26
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* To easily create a slice of the full array, we can therefore use `&a[..]`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Um einfach einen Teil des gesamten Arrays zu erstellen, können wir daher `&a[..]` verwenden."
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/slices.md:28
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* `s` is a reference to a slice of `i32`s. Notice that the type of `s` (`&[i32]`) no longer "
|
|
"mentions the array length. This allows us to perform computation on slices of different sizes.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"* Slices always borrow from another object. In this example, `a` has to remain 'alive' (in scope) "
|
|
"for at least as long as our slice. \n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"* The question about modifying `a[3]` can spark an interesting discussion, but the answer is that "
|
|
"for memory safety reasons\n"
|
|
" you cannot do it through `a` after you created a slice, but you can read the data from both `a` "
|
|
"and `s` safely. \n"
|
|
" More details will be explained in the borrow checker section."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* `s` ist ein Verweis auf einen Slice von `i32`s. Beachten Sie, dass der Typ von `s` (`&[i32]`) "
|
|
"die Array-Länge nicht mehr erwähnt. Dies ermöglicht es uns, Berechnungen für Scheiben "
|
|
"unterschiedlicher Größe durchzuführen.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"* Slices leihen sich immer von einem anderen Objekt. In diesem Beispiel muss „a“ mindestens so "
|
|
"lange „lebendig“ (im Geltungsbereich) bleiben wie unser Slice.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"* Die Frage nach dem Modifizieren von `a[3]` kann eine interessante Diskussion auslösen, aber die "
|
|
"Antwort ist aus Gründen der Speichersicherheit\n"
|
|
" Sie können dies nicht über `a` tun, nachdem Sie einen Slice erstellt haben, aber Sie können die "
|
|
"Daten sowohl von `a` als auch von `s` sicher lesen.\n"
|
|
" Weitere Details werden im Abschnitt zum Ausleihen von Prüfern erklärt."
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/string-slices.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# `String` vs `str`"
|
|
msgstr "# `String` gegen `str`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/string-slices.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "We can now understand the two string types in Rust:"
|
|
msgstr "Wir können jetzt die beiden String-Typen in Rust verstehen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/string-slices.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let s1: &str = \"World\";\n"
|
|
" println!(\"s1: {s1}\");"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/string-slices.md:10
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" let mut s2: String = String::from(\"Hello \");\n"
|
|
" println!(\"s2: {s2}\");\n"
|
|
" s2.push_str(s1);\n"
|
|
" println!(\"s2: {s2}\");\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
" let s3: &str = &s2[6..];\n"
|
|
" println!(\"s3: {s3}\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/string-slices.md:20
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Rust terminology:"
|
|
msgstr "Rost-Terminologie:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/string-slices.md:22
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* `&str` an immutable reference to a string slice.\n"
|
|
"* `String` a mutable string buffer."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* `&str` eine unveränderliche Referenz auf einen String-Slice.\n"
|
|
"* `String` ein veränderlicher String-Puffer."
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/string-slices.md:27
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* `&str` introduces a string slice, which is an immutable reference to UTF-8 encoded string data \n"
|
|
" stored in a block of memory. String literals (`”Hello”`), are stored in the program’s binary."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* `&str` führt ein String-Slice ein, das eine unveränderliche Referenz auf UTF-8-codierte String-"
|
|
"Daten ist\n"
|
|
" in einem Speicherblock gespeichert. String-Literale (`”Hallo”`) werden in der Binärdatei des "
|
|
"Programms gespeichert."
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/string-slices.md:30
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Rust’s `String` type is a wrapper around a vector of bytes. As with a `Vec<T>`, it is owned.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"* As with many other types `String::from()` creates a string from a string literal; `String::"
|
|
"new()` \n"
|
|
" creates a new empty string, to which string data can be added using the `push()` and "
|
|
"`push_str()` methods."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/string-slices.md:35
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* The `format!()` macro is a convenient way to generate an owned string from dynamic values. It \n"
|
|
" accepts the same format specification as `println!()`.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"* You can borrow `&str` slices from `String` via `&` and optionally range selection.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"* For C++ programmers: think of `&str` as `const char*` from C++, but the one that always points \n"
|
|
" to a valid string in memory. Rust `String` is a rough equivalent of `std::string` from C++ \n"
|
|
" (main difference: it can only contain UTF-8 encoded bytes and will never use a small-string "
|
|
"optimization).\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"</details>"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Das `format!()`-Makro ist eine bequeme Möglichkeit, einen eigenen String aus dynamischen Werten "
|
|
"zu generieren. Es\n"
|
|
" akzeptiert die gleiche Formatspezifikation wie `println!()`.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"* Sie können `&str`-Slices von `String` über `&` und optional Bereichsauswahl ausleihen.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"* Für C++-Programmierer: Stellen Sie sich `&str` als `const char*` von C++ vor, aber dasjenige, "
|
|
"das immer zeigt\n"
|
|
" zu einer gültigen Zeichenfolge im Speicher. Rust `String` ist ein grobes Äquivalent zu `std::"
|
|
"string` aus C++\n"
|
|
" (Hauptunterschied: Es kann nur UTF-8-codierte Bytes enthalten und verwendet niemals eine Small-"
|
|
"String-Optimierung).\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"</details>"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/functions.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Functions"
|
|
msgstr "# Funktionen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/functions.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A Rust version of the famous [FizzBuzz](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizz_buzz) interview "
|
|
"question:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Eine Rust-Version der berühmten [FizzBuzz](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizz_buzz) Interviewfrage:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/functions.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" fizzbuzz_to(20); // Defined below, no forward declaration needed\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/functions.md:10
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn is_divisible_by(lhs: u32, rhs: u32) -> bool {\n"
|
|
" if rhs == 0 {\n"
|
|
" return false; // Corner case, early return\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" lhs % rhs == 0 // The last expression in a block is the return value\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/functions.md:17
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn fizzbuzz(n: u32) -> () { // No return value means returning the unit type `()`\n"
|
|
" match (is_divisible_by(n, 3), is_divisible_by(n, 5)) {\n"
|
|
" (true, true) => println!(\"fizzbuzz\"),\n"
|
|
" (true, false) => println!(\"fizz\"),\n"
|
|
" (false, true) => println!(\"buzz\"),\n"
|
|
" (false, false) => println!(\"{n}\"),\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"fn fizzbuzz(n: u32) -> () { // Kein Rückgabewert bedeutet Rückgabe des Einheitentyps `()`\n"
|
|
" Übereinstimmung (ist_teilbar_durch(n, 3), ist_teilbar_durch(n, 5)) {\n"
|
|
" (true, true) => println!(\"fizzbuzz\"),\n"
|
|
" (wahr, falsch) => println!(\"fizz\"),\n"
|
|
" (falsch, wahr) => println!(\"summen\"),\n"
|
|
" (falsch, falsch) => println!(\"{n}\"),\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/functions.md:26
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn fizzbuzz_to(n: u32) { // `-> ()` is normally omitted\n"
|
|
" for i in 1..=n {\n"
|
|
" fizzbuzz(i);\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/functions.md:35
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* We refer in `main` to a function written below. Neither forward declarations nor headers are "
|
|
"necessary. \n"
|
|
"* Declaration parameters are followed by a type (the reverse of some programming languages), then "
|
|
"a return type.\n"
|
|
"* The last expression in a function body (or any block) becomes the return value. Simply omit the "
|
|
"`;` at the end of the expression.\n"
|
|
"* Some functions have no return value, and return the 'unit type', `()`. The compiler will infer "
|
|
"this if the `-> ()` return type is omitted.\n"
|
|
"* The range expression in the `for` loop in `fizzbuzz_to()` contains `=n`, which causes it to "
|
|
"include the upper bound.\n"
|
|
"* The `match` expression in `fizzbuzz()` is doing a lot of work. It is expanded below to show what "
|
|
"is happening."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/functions.md:42
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid " (Type annotations added for clarity, but they can be elided.)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" (Typ-Anmerkungen wurden der Übersichtlichkeit halber hinzugefügt, können aber entfernt werden.)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/functions.md:44
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" ```rust,ignore\n"
|
|
" let by_3: bool = is_divisible_by(n, 3);\n"
|
|
" let by_5: bool = is_divisible_by(n, 5);\n"
|
|
" let by_35: (bool, bool) = (by_3, by_5);\n"
|
|
" match by_35 {\n"
|
|
" // ...\n"
|
|
" ```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/functions.md:52
|
|
msgid " "
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/methods.md:1 src/methods.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Methods"
|
|
msgstr "# Methoden"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/methods.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust has methods, they are simply functions that are associated with a particular type. The\n"
|
|
"first argument of a method is an instance of the type it is associated with:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust hat Methoden, das sind einfach Funktionen, die einem bestimmten Typ zugeordnet sind. Der\n"
|
|
"Das erste Argument einer Methode ist eine Instanz des Typs, dem sie zugeordnet ist:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/methods.md:6
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"struct Rectangle {\n"
|
|
" width: u32,\n"
|
|
" height: u32,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/methods.md:12
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"impl Rectangle {\n"
|
|
" fn area(&self) -> u32 {\n"
|
|
" self.width * self.height\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"impl Rechteck {\n"
|
|
" fn-Bereich(&self) -> u32 {\n"
|
|
" selbst.Breite * selbst.Höhe\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/methods.md:17
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" fn inc_width(&mut self, delta: u32) {\n"
|
|
" self.width += delta;\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/methods.md:22
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let mut rect = Rectangle { width: 10, height: 5 };\n"
|
|
" println!(\"old area: {}\", rect.area());\n"
|
|
" rect.inc_width(5);\n"
|
|
" println!(\"new area: {}\", rect.area());\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/methods.md:30
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* We will look much more at methods in today's exercise and in tomorrow's class."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Wir werden uns in der heutigen Übung und im morgigen Unterricht viel mehr mit Methoden befassen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/functions-interlude.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Function Overloading"
|
|
msgstr "# Funktionsüberladung"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/functions-interlude.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Overloading is not supported:"
|
|
msgstr "Überladen wird nicht unterstützt:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/functions-interlude.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Each function has a single implementation:\n"
|
|
" * Always takes a fixed number of parameters.\n"
|
|
" * Always takes a single set of parameter types.\n"
|
|
"* Default values are not supported:\n"
|
|
" * All call sites have the same number of arguments.\n"
|
|
" * Macros are sometimes used as an alternative."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Jede Funktion hat eine einzige Implementierung:\n"
|
|
" * Akzeptiert immer eine feste Anzahl von Parametern.\n"
|
|
" * Akzeptiert immer einen einzelnen Satz von Parametertypen.\n"
|
|
"* Standardwerte werden nicht unterstützt:\n"
|
|
" * Alle Aufrufseiten haben die gleiche Anzahl von Argumenten.\n"
|
|
" * Makros werden manchmal als Alternative verwendet."
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/functions-interlude.md:12
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "However, function parameters can be generic:"
|
|
msgstr "Funktionsparameter können jedoch generisch sein:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/functions-interlude.md:14
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn pick_one<T>(a: T, b: T) -> T {\n"
|
|
" if std::process::id() % 2 == 0 { a } else { b }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/functions-interlude.md:19
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"coin toss: {}\", pick_one(\"heads\", \"tails\"));\n"
|
|
" println!(\"cash prize: {}\", pick_one(500, 1000));\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/functions-interlude.md:27
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* When using generics, the standard library's `Into<T>` can provide a kind of limited\n"
|
|
" polymorphism on argument types. We will see more details in a later section."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Bei Verwendung von Generics kann das `Into<T>` der Standardbibliothek eine Art Limitierung "
|
|
"bieten\n"
|
|
" Polymorphismus auf Argumenttypen. Wir werden mehr Details in einem späteren Abschnitt sehen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/functions-interlude.md:30
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "</defails>"
|
|
msgstr "</defails>"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/morning.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Day 1: Morning Exercises"
|
|
msgstr "# Tag 1: Morgengymnastik"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/morning.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "In these exercises, we will explore two parts of Rust:"
|
|
msgstr "In diesen Übungen werden wir zwei Teile von Rust erkunden:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/morning.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* Implicit conversions between types."
|
|
msgstr "* Implizite Konvertierungen zwischen Typen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/morning.md:7
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* Arrays and `for` loops."
|
|
msgstr "* Arrays und „for“-Schleifen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/morning.md:11
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "A few things to consider while solving the exercises:"
|
|
msgstr "Ein paar Dinge, die Sie beim Lösen der Aufgaben beachten sollten:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/morning.md:13
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Use a local Rust installation, if possible. This way you can get\n"
|
|
" auto-completion in your editor. See the page about [Using Cargo] for details\n"
|
|
" on installing Rust."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Verwenden Sie nach Möglichkeit eine lokale Rust-Installation. Auf diese Weise können Sie "
|
|
"erhalten\n"
|
|
" Autovervollständigung in Ihrem Editor. Weitere Informationen finden Sie auf der Seite über "
|
|
"[Fracht verwenden].\n"
|
|
" bei der Installation von Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/morning.md:17
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* Alternatively, use the Rust Playground."
|
|
msgstr "* Benutze alternativ den Rust Playground."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/morning.md:19
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The code snippets are not editable on purpose: the inline code snippets lose\n"
|
|
"their state if you navigate away from the page."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Die Code-Snippets sind absichtlich nicht editierbar: die Inline-Code-Snippets gehen verloren\n"
|
|
"ihren Zustand, wenn Sie von der Seite wegnavigieren."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/morning.md:22 src/exercises/day-1/afternoon.md:11
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/morning.md:11 src/exercises/day-2/afternoon.md:7
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/morning.md:7 src/exercises/day-4/morning.md:12
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "After looking at the exercises, you can look at the [solutions] provided."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Nachdem Sie sich die Übungen angesehen haben, können Sie sich die bereitgestellten [Lösungen] "
|
|
"ansehen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/morning.md:24 src/exercises/day-2/morning.md:13
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/morning.md:9 src/exercises/day-4/morning.md:14
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "[solutions]: solutions-morning.md"
|
|
msgstr "[Lösungen]: Lösungen-Morgen.md"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/morning.md:26
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "[Using Cargo]: ../../cargo.md"
|
|
msgstr "[Fracht verwenden]: ../../cargo.md"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/implicit-conversions.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Implicit Conversions"
|
|
msgstr "# Implizite Konvertierungen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/implicit-conversions.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust will not automatically apply _implicit conversions_ between types ([unlike\n"
|
|
"C++][3]). You can see this in a program like this:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust wendet nicht automatisch _implizite Konvertierungen_ zwischen Typen an ([anders als\n"
|
|
"C++[3]). Sie können dies in einem Programm wie diesem sehen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/implicit-conversions.md:6
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable,compile_fail\n"
|
|
"fn multiply(x: i16, y: i16) -> i16 {\n"
|
|
" x * y\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/implicit-conversions.md:11
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let x: i8 = 15;\n"
|
|
" let y: i16 = 1000;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/implicit-conversions.md:15
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" println!(\"{x} * {y} = {}\", multiply(x, y));\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/implicit-conversions.md:19
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The Rust integer types all implement the [`From<T>`][1] and [`Into<T>`][2]\n"
|
|
"traits to let us convert between them. The `From<T>` trait has a single `from()`\n"
|
|
"method and similarly, the `Into<T>` trait has a single `into()` method.\n"
|
|
"Implementing these traits is how a type expresses that it can be converted into\n"
|
|
"another type."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Die Rust-Integer-Typen implementieren alle [`From<T>`][1] und [`Into<T>`][2]\n"
|
|
"Eigenschaften, um uns zwischen ihnen umwandeln zu lassen. Das `From<T>`-Merkmal hat ein einzelnes "
|
|
"`from()`\n"
|
|
"-Methode und ähnlich hat das `Into<T>`-Merkmal eine einzige `into()`-Methode.\n"
|
|
"Durch die Implementierung dieser Merkmale drückt ein Typ aus, in was er umgewandelt werden kann\n"
|
|
"ein anderer Typ."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/implicit-conversions.md:25
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The standard library has an implementation of `From<i8> for i16`, which means\n"
|
|
"that we can convert a variable `x` of type `i8` to an `i16` by calling \n"
|
|
"`i16::from(x)`. Or, simpler, with `x.into()`, because `From<i8> for i16`\n"
|
|
"implementation automatically create an implementation of `Into<i16> for i8`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Die Standardbibliothek hat eine Implementierung von `From<i8> for i16`, was bedeutet\n"
|
|
"dass wir eine Variable `x` vom Typ `i8` per Aufruf in ein `i16` umwandeln können\n"
|
|
"`i16::von(x)`. Oder einfacher mit `x.into()`, denn `From<i8> for i16`\n"
|
|
"implementierung automatisch eine Implementierung von `Into<i16> for i8` erstellen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/implicit-conversions.md:30
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The same applies for your own `From` implementations for your own types, so it is\n"
|
|
"sufficient to only implement `From` to get a respective `Into` implementation automatically."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Dasselbe gilt für Ihre eigenen `From`-Implementierungen für Ihre eigenen Typen, so ist es\n"
|
|
"Es reicht aus, nur `From` zu implementieren, um automatisch eine entsprechende `Into`-"
|
|
"Implementierung zu erhalten."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/implicit-conversions.md:33
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "1. Execute the above program and look at the compiler error."
|
|
msgstr "1. Führen Sie das obige Programm aus und sehen Sie sich den Compiler-Fehler an."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/implicit-conversions.md:35
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "2. Update the code above to use `into()` to do the conversion."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"2. Aktualisieren Sie den obigen Code, um `into()` zu verwenden, um die Konvertierung durchzuführen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/implicit-conversions.md:37
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"3. Change the types of `x` and `y` to other things (such as `f32`, `bool`,\n"
|
|
" `i128`) to see which types you can convert to which other types. Try\n"
|
|
" converting small types to big types and the other way around. Check the\n"
|
|
" [standard library documentation][1] to see if `From<T>` is implemented for\n"
|
|
" the pairs you check."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"3. Ändern Sie die Typen von `x` und `y` in andere Dinge (wie `f32`, `bool`,\n"
|
|
" `i128`), um zu sehen, welche Typen Sie in welche anderen Typen konvertieren können. Versuchen\n"
|
|
" Umwandlung kleiner Typen in große Typen und umgekehrt. Überprüf den\n"
|
|
" [Dokumentation der Standardbibliothek][1], um zu sehen, ob \"From<T>\" für implementiert ist\n"
|
|
" die Paare, die Sie überprüfen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/implicit-conversions.md:43
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[1]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html\n"
|
|
"[2]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html\n"
|
|
"[3]: https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/implicit_conversion"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[1]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html\n"
|
|
"[2]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html\n"
|
|
"[3]: https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/implicit_conversion"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/for-loops.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Arrays and `for` Loops"
|
|
msgstr "# Arrays und `for`-Schleifen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/for-loops.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "We saw that an array can be declared like this:"
|
|
msgstr "Wir haben gesehen, dass ein Array wie folgt deklariert werden kann:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/for-loops.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust\n"
|
|
"let array = [10, 20, 30];\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/for-loops.md:9
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "You can print such an array by asking for its debug representation with `{:?}`:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Sie können ein solches Array drucken, indem Sie mit `{:?}` nach seiner Debug-Darstellung fragen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/for-loops.md:11
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let array = [10, 20, 30];\n"
|
|
" println!(\"array: {array:?}\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/for-loops.md:18
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust lets you iterate over things like arrays and ranges using the `for`\n"
|
|
"keyword:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Mit Rust können Sie über Dinge wie Arrays und Ranges iterieren, indem Sie das `for` verwenden\n"
|
|
"Stichwort:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/for-loops.md:21
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let array = [10, 20, 30];\n"
|
|
" print!(\"Iterating over array:\");\n"
|
|
" for n in array {\n"
|
|
" print!(\" {n}\");\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" println!();"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/for-loops.md:30
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" print!(\"Iterating over range:\");\n"
|
|
" for i in 0..3 {\n"
|
|
" print!(\" {}\", array[i]);\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" println!();\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/for-loops.md:38
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Use the above to write a function `pretty_print` which pretty-print a matrix and\n"
|
|
"a function `transpose` which will transpose a matrix (turn rows into columns):"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Verwenden Sie das Obige, um eine Funktion \"pretty_print\" zu schreiben, die eine Matrix hübsch "
|
|
"druckt und\n"
|
|
"eine Funktion \"transpose\", die eine Matrix transponiert (Zeilen in Spalten umwandelt):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/for-loops.md:41
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```bob\n"
|
|
" ⎛⎡1 2 3⎤⎞ ⎡1 4 7⎤\n"
|
|
"\"transpose\"⎜⎢4 5 6⎥⎟ \"==\"⎢2 5 8⎥\n"
|
|
" ⎝⎣7 8 9⎦⎠ ⎣3 6 9⎦\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/for-loops.md:47
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Hard-code both functions to operate on 3 × 3 matrices."
|
|
msgstr "Kodieren Sie beide Funktionen fest, um mit 3 × 3-Matrizen zu arbeiten."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/for-loops.md:49
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Copy the code below to <https://play.rust-lang.org/> and implement the\n"
|
|
"functions:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Kopieren Sie den folgenden Code nach <https://play.rust-lang.org/> und implementieren Sie die\n"
|
|
"Funktionen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/for-loops.md:52 src/exercises/day-1/book-library.md:20
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/health-statistics.md:13
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,should_panic\n"
|
|
"// TODO: remove this when you're done with your implementation.\n"
|
|
"#![allow(unused_variables, dead_code)]"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/for-loops.md:56
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn transpose(matrix: [[i32; 3]; 3]) -> [[i32; 3]; 3] {\n"
|
|
" unimplemented!()\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/for-loops.md:60
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn pretty_print(matrix: &[[i32; 3]; 3]) {\n"
|
|
" unimplemented!()\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/for-loops.md:64
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let matrix = [\n"
|
|
" [101, 102, 103], // <-- the comment makes rustfmt add a newline\n"
|
|
" [201, 202, 203],\n"
|
|
" [301, 302, 303],\n"
|
|
" ];"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/for-loops.md:71 src/exercises/day-1/solutions-morning.md:70
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" println!(\"matrix:\");\n"
|
|
" pretty_print(&matrix);"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/for-loops.md:74
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" let transposed = transpose(matrix);\n"
|
|
" println!(\"transposed:\");\n"
|
|
" pretty_print(&transposed);\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/for-loops.md:80
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "## Bonus Question"
|
|
msgstr "## Bonus-Frage"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/for-loops.md:82
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Could you use `&[i32]` slices instead of hard-coded 3 × 3 matrices for your\n"
|
|
"argument and return types? Something like `&[&[i32]]` for a two-dimensional\n"
|
|
"slice-of-slices. Why or why not?"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Könnten Sie `&[i32]`-Slices anstelle von fest codierten 3 × 3-Matrizen für Ihre verwenden\n"
|
|
"Argument- und Rückgabetypen? Etwas wie `&[&[i32]]` für ein zweidimensionales\n"
|
|
"Scheibe-von-Scheiben. Warum oder warum nicht?"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/for-loops.md:87
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"See the [`ndarray` crate](https://docs.rs/ndarray/) for a production quality\n"
|
|
"implementation."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Siehe die [`ndarray`-Kiste](https://docs.rs/ndarray/) für eine Produktionsqualität\n"
|
|
"Implementierung."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/for-loops.md:92
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The solution and the answer to the bonus section are available in the \n"
|
|
"[Solution](solutions-morning.md#arrays-and-for-loops) section."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Die Lösung und die Antwort zum Bonusteil finden Sie im\n"
|
|
"Abschnitt [Solution](solutions-morning.md#arrays-and-for-loops)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/variables.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Variables"
|
|
msgstr "# Variablen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/variables.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust provides type safety via static typing. Variable bindings are immutable by\n"
|
|
"default:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust bietet Typsicherheit durch statische Typisierung. Variable Bindungen sind unveränderlich "
|
|
"durch\n"
|
|
"Standard:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/variables.md:6
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let x: i32 = 10;\n"
|
|
" println!(\"x: {x}\");\n"
|
|
" // x = 20;\n"
|
|
" // println!(\"x: {x}\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/variables.md:17
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Due to type inference the `i32` is optional. We will gradually show the types less and less as "
|
|
"the type progresses.\n"
|
|
"* Note that since `println!` is a macro, `x` is not moved, even using the function like syntax of "
|
|
"`println!(\"x: {}\", x)`"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Aufgrund von Typrückschlüssen ist `i32` optional. Wir werden die Typen nach und nach immer "
|
|
"weniger zeigen, je weiter der Typ fortschreitet.\n"
|
|
"* Beachten Sie, dass, da `println!` ein Makro ist, `x` nicht verschoben wird, selbst wenn die "
|
|
"funktionsähnliche Syntax von `println!(\"x: {}\", x)` verwendet wird"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/type-inference.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Type Inference"
|
|
msgstr "# Geben Sie Inferenz ein"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/type-inference.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Rust will look at how the variable is _used_ to determine the type:"
|
|
msgstr "Rust wird sich ansehen, wie die Variable _verwendet_ wird, um den Typ zu bestimmen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/type-inference.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn takes_u32(x: u32) {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"u32: {x}\");\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/type-inference.md:10
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn takes_i8(y: i8) {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"i8: {y}\");\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/type-inference.md:14
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let x = 10;\n"
|
|
" let y = 20;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/type-inference.md:18
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" takes_u32(x);\n"
|
|
" takes_i8(y);\n"
|
|
" // takes_u32(y);\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/type-inference.md:26
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This slide demonstrates how the Rust compiler infers types based on constraints given by variable "
|
|
"declarations and usages.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Diese Folie zeigt, wie der Rust-Compiler Typen basierend auf Einschränkungen ableitet, die durch "
|
|
"Variablendeklarationen und Verwendungen gegeben sind.\n"
|
|
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"It is very important to emphasize that variables declared like this are not of some sort of "
|
|
"dynamic \"any type\" that can\n"
|
|
"hold any data. The machine code generated by such declaration is identical to the explicit "
|
|
"declaration of a type.\n"
|
|
"The compiler does the job for us and helps us to write a more concise code."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Es ist sehr wichtig zu betonen, dass auf diese Weise deklarierte Variablen nicht von einer Art "
|
|
"dynamischem \"beliebigen Typ\" sind, der dies kann\n"
|
|
"irgendwelche Daten halten. Der durch eine solche Deklaration erzeugte Maschinencode ist identisch "
|
|
"mit der expliziten Deklaration eines Typs.\n"
|
|
"Der Compiler erledigt die Arbeit für uns und hilft uns, einen prägnanteren Code zu schreiben."
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/type-inference.md:32
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The following code tells the compiler to copy into a certain generic container without the code "
|
|
"ever explicitly specifying the contained type, using `_` as a placeholder:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Der folgende Code weist den Compiler an, in einen bestimmten generischen Container zu kopieren, "
|
|
"ohne dass der Code jemals explizit den enthaltenen Typ angibt, wobei `_` als Platzhalter verwendet "
|
|
"wird:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/type-inference.md:34
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let mut v = Vec::new();\n"
|
|
" v.push((10, false));\n"
|
|
" v.push((20, true));\n"
|
|
" println!(\"v: {v:?}\");"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/type-inference.md:41
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" let vv = v.iter().collect::<std::collections::HashSet<_>>();\n"
|
|
" println!(\"vv: {vv:?}\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/type-inference.md:46
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[`collect`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html#method.collect) relies "
|
|
"on `FromIterator`, which [`HashSet`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.FromIterator.html) "
|
|
"implements."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[`collect`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html#method.collect) stützt "
|
|
"sich auf `FromIterator`, das [`HashSet`](https:/ /doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.FromIterator."
|
|
"html) implementiert."
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/static-and-const.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Static and Constant Variables"
|
|
msgstr "# Statische und konstante Variablen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/static-and-const.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Global state is managed with static and constant variables."
|
|
msgstr "Der globale Status wird mit statischen und konstanten Variablen verwaltet."
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/static-and-const.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "## `const`"
|
|
msgstr "## `const`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/static-and-const.md:7
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "You can declare compile-time constants:"
|
|
msgstr "Sie können Kompilierzeitkonstanten deklarieren:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/static-and-const.md:9
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"const DIGEST_SIZE: usize = 3;\n"
|
|
"const ZERO: Option<u8> = Some(42);"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/static-and-const.md:13
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn compute_digest(text: &str) -> [u8; DIGEST_SIZE] {\n"
|
|
" let mut digest = [ZERO.unwrap_or(0); DIGEST_SIZE];\n"
|
|
" for (idx, &b) in text.as_bytes().iter().enumerate() {\n"
|
|
" digest[idx % DIGEST_SIZE] = digest[idx % DIGEST_SIZE].wrapping_add(b);\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" digest\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/static-and-const.md:21
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let digest = compute_digest(\"Hello\");\n"
|
|
" println!(\"Digest: {digest:?}\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/static-and-const.md:27
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "According the the [Rust RFC Book][1] these are inlined upon use."
|
|
msgstr "Gemäß dem [Rust RFC Book][1] werden diese bei der Verwendung eingefügt."
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/static-and-const.md:29
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "## `static`"
|
|
msgstr "## `statisch`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/static-and-const.md:31
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "You can also declare static variables:"
|
|
msgstr "Sie können auch statische Variablen deklarieren:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/static-and-const.md:33
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"static BANNER: &str = \"Welcome to RustOS 3.14\";"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/static-and-const.md:36
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{BANNER}\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/static-and-const.md:41
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"As noted in the [Rust RFC Book][1], these are not inlined upon use and have an actual associated "
|
|
"memory location. This is useful for unsafe and embedded code, and the variable lives through the "
|
|
"entirety of the program execution."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Wie im [Rust RFC Book][1] erwähnt, werden diese bei der Verwendung nicht inliniert und haben einen "
|
|
"tatsächlich zugeordneten Speicherort. Dies ist nützlich für unsicheren und eingebetteten Code, und "
|
|
"die Variable lebt während der gesamten Programmausführung."
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/static-and-const.md:44
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "We will look at mutating static data in the [chapter on Unsafe Rust](../unsafe.md)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Wir werden uns im [Kapitel über Unsafe Rust](../unsafe.md) mit mutierenden statischen Daten "
|
|
"befassen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/static-and-const.md:48
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Mention that `const` behaves semantically similar to C++'s `constexpr`.\n"
|
|
"* `static`, on the other hand, is much more similar to a `const` or mutable global variable in C+"
|
|
"+.\n"
|
|
"* It isn't super common that one would need a runtime evaluated constant, but it is helpful and "
|
|
"safer than using a static."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Erwähnen Sie, dass sich `const` semantisch ähnlich wie `constexpr` von C++ verhält.\n"
|
|
"* „Static“ hingegen ist einer „const“ oder veränderlichen globalen Variable in C++ viel "
|
|
"ähnlicher.\n"
|
|
"* Es kommt nicht sehr häufig vor, dass man eine zur Laufzeit ausgewertete Konstante benötigt, aber "
|
|
"es ist hilfreich und sicherer als die Verwendung einer statischen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/static-and-const.md:54
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "[1]: https://rust-lang.github.io/rfcs/0246-const-vs-static.html"
|
|
msgstr "[1]: https://rust-lang.github.io/rfcs/0246-const-vs-static.html"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/scopes-shadowing.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Scopes and Shadowing"
|
|
msgstr "# Bereiche und Shadowing"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/scopes-shadowing.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You can shadow variables, both those from outer scopes and variables from the\n"
|
|
"same scope:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Sie können Variablen schattieren, sowohl solche aus äußeren Gültigkeitsbereichen als auch "
|
|
"Variablen aus dem\n"
|
|
"gleicher Umfang:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/scopes-shadowing.md:6
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let a = 10;\n"
|
|
" println!(\"before: {a}\");"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/scopes-shadowing.md:11
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" {\n"
|
|
" let a = \"hello\";\n"
|
|
" println!(\"inner scope: {a}\");"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/scopes-shadowing.md:15
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" let a = true;\n"
|
|
" println!(\"shadowed in inner scope: {a}\");\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/scopes-shadowing.md:19
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" println!(\"after: {a}\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/scopes-shadowing.md:25
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Definition: Shadowing is different from mutation, because after shadowing both variable's memory "
|
|
"locations exist at the same time. Both are available under the same name, depending where you use "
|
|
"it in the code. \n"
|
|
"* A shadowing variable can have a different type. \n"
|
|
"* Shadowing looks obscure at first, but is convenient for holding on to values after `.unwrap()`.\n"
|
|
"* The following code demonstrates why the compiler can't simply reuse memory locations when "
|
|
"shadowing an immutable variable in a scope, even if the type does not change."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Definition: Shadowing unterscheidet sich von Mutation, da nach dem Shadowing die Speicherplätze "
|
|
"beider Variablen gleichzeitig existieren. Beide sind unter demselben Namen verfügbar, je nachdem, "
|
|
"wo Sie ihn im Code verwenden.\n"
|
|
"* Eine Shadowing-Variable kann einen anderen Typ haben.\n"
|
|
"* Shadowing sieht zunächst obskur aus, ist aber praktisch, um Werte nach `.unwrap()` "
|
|
"festzuhalten.\n"
|
|
"* Der folgende Code demonstriert, warum der Compiler Speicherorte nicht einfach wiederverwenden "
|
|
"kann, wenn er eine unveränderliche Variable in einem Bereich schattiert, selbst wenn sich der Typ "
|
|
"nicht ändert."
|
|
|
|
#: src/basic-syntax/scopes-shadowing.md:30
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let a = 1;\n"
|
|
" let b = &a;\n"
|
|
" let a = a + 1;\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{a} {b}\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Memory Management"
|
|
msgstr "# Speicherverwaltung"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Traditionally, languages have fallen into two broad categories:"
|
|
msgstr "Traditionell fallen Sprachen in zwei große Kategorien:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Full control via manual memory management: C, C++, Pascal, ...\n"
|
|
"* Full safety via automatic memory management at runtime: Java, Python, Go, Haskell, ..."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Volle Kontrolle über manuelle Speicherverwaltung: C, C++, Pascal, ...\n"
|
|
"* Volle Sicherheit durch automatische Speicherverwaltung zur Laufzeit: Java, Python, Go, "
|
|
"Haskell, ..."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management.md:8
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Rust offers a new mix:"
|
|
msgstr "Rust bietet eine neue Mischung:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management.md:10
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"> Full control *and* safety via compile time enforcement of correct memory\n"
|
|
"> management."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"> Volle Kontrolle *und* Sicherheit durch Erzwingung des korrekten Speichers zur Kompilierzeit\n"
|
|
"> Verwaltung."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management.md:13
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "It does this with an explicit ownership concept."
|
|
msgstr "Dies geschieht mit einem expliziten Eigentumskonzept."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management.md:15
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "First, let's refresh how memory management works."
|
|
msgstr "Lassen Sie uns zunächst die Funktionsweise der Speicherverwaltung auffrischen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/stack-vs-heap.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# The Stack vs The Heap"
|
|
msgstr "# Der Stapel gegen den Haufen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/stack-vs-heap.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Stack: Continuous area of memory for local variables.\n"
|
|
" * Values have fixed sizes known at compile time.\n"
|
|
" * Extremely fast: just move a stack pointer.\n"
|
|
" * Easy to manage: follows function calls.\n"
|
|
" * Great memory locality."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Stack: Kontinuierlicher Speicherbereich für lokale Variablen.\n"
|
|
" * Werte haben feste Größen, die zur Kompilierzeit bekannt sind.\n"
|
|
" * Extrem schnell: Bewegen Sie einfach einen Stapelzeiger.\n"
|
|
" * Einfach zu verwalten: folgt Funktionsaufrufen.\n"
|
|
" * Große Gedächtnislokalität."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/stack-vs-heap.md:9
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Heap: Storage of values outside of function calls.\n"
|
|
" * Values have dynamic sizes determined at runtime.\n"
|
|
" * Slightly slower than the stack: some book-keeping needed.\n"
|
|
" * No guarantee of memory locality."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Heap: Speicherung von Werten außerhalb von Funktionsaufrufen.\n"
|
|
" * Werte haben dynamische Größen, die zur Laufzeit bestimmt werden.\n"
|
|
" * Etwas langsamer als der Stapel: Etwas Buchhaltung erforderlich.\n"
|
|
" * Keine Garantie auf Speicherort."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/stack.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Stack Memory"
|
|
msgstr "# Stapelspeicher"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/stack.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Creating a `String` puts fixed-sized data on the stack and dynamically sized\n"
|
|
"data on the heap:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Das Erstellen eines \"Strings\" legt Daten mit fester Größe auf den Stapel und dynamisch in der "
|
|
"Größe\n"
|
|
"Daten auf dem Haufen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/stack.md:6
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let s1 = String::from(\"Hello\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/stack.md:12
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```bob\n"
|
|
" Stack Heap\n"
|
|
".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -.\n"
|
|
": : : :\n"
|
|
": s1 : : :\n"
|
|
": +-----------+-------+ : : +----+----+----+----+----+ :\n"
|
|
": | ptr | o---+---+-----+-->| H | e | l | l | o | :\n"
|
|
": | len | 5 | : : +----+----+----+----+----+ :\n"
|
|
": | capacity | 5 | : : :\n"
|
|
": +-----------+-------+ : : :\n"
|
|
": : `- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n"
|
|
"`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/stack.md:28
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Mention that a `String` is backed by a `Vec`, so it has a capacity and length and can grow if "
|
|
"mutable via reallocation on the heap."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Erwähnen Sie, dass ein `String` von einem `Vec` unterstützt wird, sodass er eine Kapazität und "
|
|
"Länge hat und wachsen kann, wenn er durch Neuzuweisung auf dem Haufen veränderbar ist."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/stack.md:30
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* If students ask about it, you can mention that the underlying memory is heap allocated using the "
|
|
"[System Allocator] and custom allocators can be implemented using the [Allocator API]"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Wenn die Schüler danach fragen, können Sie erwähnen, dass der zugrunde liegende Speicher mit dem "
|
|
"[System Allocator] Heap zugewiesen wird und benutzerdefinierte Allokatoren mit der [Allocator API] "
|
|
"implementiert werden können."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/stack.md:34
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[System Allocator]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/alloc/struct.System.html\n"
|
|
"[Allocator API]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/alloc/index.html"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Systemzuordner]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/alloc/struct.System.html\n"
|
|
"[Allocator-API]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/alloc/index.html"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/manual.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Manual Memory Management"
|
|
msgstr "# Manuelle Speicherverwaltung"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/manual.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "You allocate and deallocate heap memory yourself."
|
|
msgstr "Heap-Speicher können Sie selbst zuweisen und freigeben."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/manual.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If not done with care, this can lead to crashes, bugs, security vulnerabilities, and memory leaks."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Wenn dies nicht sorgfältig durchgeführt wird, kann dies zu Abstürzen, Fehlern, Sicherheitslücken "
|
|
"und Speicherlecks führen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/manual.md:7
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "## C Example"
|
|
msgstr "##C Beispiel"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/manual.md:9
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "You must call `free` on every pointer you allocate with `malloc`:"
|
|
msgstr "Sie müssen `free` auf jedem Zeiger aufrufen, den Sie mit `malloc` zuweisen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/manual.md:11
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```c\n"
|
|
"void foo(size_t n) {\n"
|
|
" int* int_array = (int*)malloc(n * sizeof(int));\n"
|
|
" //\n"
|
|
" // ... lots of code\n"
|
|
" //\n"
|
|
" free(int_array);\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/manual.md:21
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Memory is leaked if the function returns early between `malloc` and `free`: the\n"
|
|
"pointer is lost and we cannot deallocate the memory."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Speicherverlust, wenn die Funktion früh zwischen `malloc` und `free` zurückkehrt: the\n"
|
|
"Zeiger geht verloren und wir können den Speicher nicht freigeben."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/scope-based.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Scope-Based Memory Management"
|
|
msgstr "# Bereichsbasierte Speicherverwaltung"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/scope-based.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Constructors and destructors let you hook into the lifetime of an object."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Mit Konstruktoren und Destruktoren können Sie sich in die Lebensdauer eines Objekts einklinken."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/scope-based.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"By wrapping a pointer in an object, you can free memory when the object is\n"
|
|
"destroyed. The compiler guarantees that this happens, even if an exception is\n"
|
|
"raised."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Indem Sie einen Zeiger in ein Objekt einschließen, können Sie Speicher freigeben, wenn das Objekt "
|
|
"vorhanden ist\n"
|
|
"zerstört. Der Compiler garantiert, dass dies geschieht, auch wenn es sich um eine Ausnahme "
|
|
"handelt\n"
|
|
"erzogen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/scope-based.md:9
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This is often called _resource acquisition is initialization_ (RAII) and gives\n"
|
|
"you smart pointers."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Dies wird oft als _Ressourcenerwerb ist Initialisierung_ (RAII) bezeichnet und gibt\n"
|
|
"ihr klugen zeiger."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/scope-based.md:12
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "## C++ Example"
|
|
msgstr "## C++-Beispiel"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/scope-based.md:14
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```c++\n"
|
|
"void say_hello(std::unique_ptr<Person> person) {\n"
|
|
" std::cout << \"Hello \" << person->name << std::endl;\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/scope-based.md:20
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* The `std::unique_ptr` object is allocated on the stack, and points to\n"
|
|
" memory allocated on the heap.\n"
|
|
"* At the end of `say_hello`, the `std::unique_ptr` destructor will run.\n"
|
|
"* The destructor frees the `Person` object it points to."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Das `std::unique_ptr`-Objekt wird auf dem Stack allokiert und zeigt auf\n"
|
|
" auf dem Heap zugewiesener Speicher.\n"
|
|
"* Am Ende von `say_hello` wird der Destruktor `std::unique_ptr` ausgeführt.\n"
|
|
"* Der Destruktor gibt das `Person`-Objekt frei, auf das er zeigt."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/scope-based.md:25
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Special move constructors are used when passing ownership to a function:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Spezielle Move-Konstruktoren werden verwendet, wenn der Besitz an eine Funktion übergeben wird:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/scope-based.md:27
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```c++\n"
|
|
"std::unique_ptr<Person> person = find_person(\"Carla\");\n"
|
|
"say_hello(std::move(person));\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/garbage-collection.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Automatic Memory Management"
|
|
msgstr "# Automatische Speicherverwaltung"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/garbage-collection.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"An alternative to manual and scope-based memory management is automatic memory\n"
|
|
"management:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Eine Alternative zur manuellen und bereichsbasierten Speicherverwaltung ist der automatische "
|
|
"Speicher\n"
|
|
"Management:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/garbage-collection.md:6
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* The programmer never allocates or deallocates memory explicitly.\n"
|
|
"* A garbage collector finds unused memory and deallocates it for the programmer."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Der Programmierer weist Speicher nie explizit zu oder gibt ihn nicht mehr frei.\n"
|
|
"* Ein Garbage Collector findet ungenutzten Speicher und gibt ihn für den Programmierer frei."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/garbage-collection.md:9
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "## Java Example"
|
|
msgstr "## Java-Beispiel"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/garbage-collection.md:11
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "The `person` object is not deallocated after `sayHello` returns:"
|
|
msgstr "Das `person`-Objekt wird nicht freigegeben, nachdem `sayHello` zurückgegeben wird:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/garbage-collection.md:13
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```java\n"
|
|
"void sayHello(Person person) {\n"
|
|
" System.out.println(\"Hello \" + person.getName());\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/rust.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Memory Management in Rust"
|
|
msgstr "# Speicherverwaltung in Rust"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/rust.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Memory management in Rust is a mix:"
|
|
msgstr "Die Speicherverwaltung in Rust ist eine Mischung:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/rust.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Safe and correct like Java, but without a garbage collector.\n"
|
|
"* Depending on which abstraction (or combination of abstractions) you choose, can be a single "
|
|
"unique pointer, reference counted, or atomically reference counted.\n"
|
|
"* Scope-based like C++, but the compiler enforces full adherence.\n"
|
|
"* A Rust user can choose the right abstraction for the situation, some even have no cost at "
|
|
"runtime like C."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Sicher und korrekt wie Java, aber ohne Garbage Collector.\n"
|
|
"* Je nachdem, welche Abstraktion (oder Kombination von Abstraktionen) Sie wählen, kann es sich um "
|
|
"einen einzelnen eindeutigen Zeiger, eine Referenzzählung oder eine atomare Referenzzählung "
|
|
"handeln.\n"
|
|
"* Bereichsbasiert wie C++, aber der Compiler erzwingt die vollständige Einhaltung.\n"
|
|
"* Ein Rust-Benutzer kann die richtige Abstraktion für die Situation auswählen, einige haben sogar "
|
|
"keine Kosten zur Laufzeit wie C."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/rust.md:10
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "It achieves this by modeling _ownership_ explicitly."
|
|
msgstr "Dies wird erreicht, indem _Eigentum_ explizit modelliert wird."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/rust.md:14
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* If asked how at this point, you can mention that in Rust this is usually handled by RAII wrapper "
|
|
"types such as [Box], [Vec], [Rc], or [Arc]. These encapsulate ownership and memory allocation via "
|
|
"various means, and prevent the potential errors in C."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Wenn Sie an dieser Stelle fragen, wie das geht, können Sie erwähnen, dass dies in Rust "
|
|
"normalerweise von RAII-Wrapper-Typen wie [Box], [Vec], [Rc] oder [Arc] gehandhabt wird. Diese "
|
|
"kapseln den Besitz und die Speicherzuweisung auf verschiedene Weise und verhindern die "
|
|
"potenziellen Fehler in C."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/rust.md:16
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* You may be asked about destructors here, the [Drop] trait is the Rust equivalent."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Möglicherweise werden Sie hier nach Destruktoren gefragt, die Eigenschaft [Drop] ist das Rust-"
|
|
"Äquivalent."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/rust.md:20
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Box]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/boxed/struct.Box.html\n"
|
|
"[Vec]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec.html\n"
|
|
"[Rc]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/rc/struct.Rc.html\n"
|
|
"[Arc]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html\n"
|
|
"[Drop]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Drop.html"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Box]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/boxed/struct.Box.html\n"
|
|
"[Vec]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec.html\n"
|
|
"[Rc]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/rc/struct.Rc.html\n"
|
|
"[Bogen]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html\n"
|
|
"[Drop]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Drop.html"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/comparison.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Comparison"
|
|
msgstr "# Vergleich"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/comparison.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Here is a rough comparison of the memory management techniques."
|
|
msgstr "Hier ist ein grober Vergleich der Speicherverwaltungstechniken."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/comparison.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "## Pros of Different Memory Management Techniques"
|
|
msgstr "## Vorteile verschiedener Speicherverwaltungstechniken"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/comparison.md:7
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Manual like C:\n"
|
|
" * No runtime overhead.\n"
|
|
"* Automatic like Java:\n"
|
|
" * Fully automatic.\n"
|
|
" * Safe and correct.\n"
|
|
"* Scope-based like C++:\n"
|
|
" * Partially automatic.\n"
|
|
" * No runtime overhead.\n"
|
|
"* Compiler-enforced scope-based like Rust:\n"
|
|
" * Enforced by compiler.\n"
|
|
" * No runtime overhead.\n"
|
|
" * Safe and correct."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Handbuch wie C:\n"
|
|
" * Kein Laufzeitaufwand.\n"
|
|
"* Automatisch wie Java:\n"
|
|
" * Komplett automatisch.\n"
|
|
" * Sicher und korrekt.\n"
|
|
"* Bereichsbasiert wie C++:\n"
|
|
" * Teilautomatisch.\n"
|
|
" * Kein Laufzeitaufwand.\n"
|
|
"* Vom Compiler erzwungener Geltungsbereich wie Rust:\n"
|
|
" * Vom Compiler erzwungen.\n"
|
|
" * Kein Laufzeitaufwand.\n"
|
|
" * Sicher und korrekt."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/comparison.md:20
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "## Cons of Different Memory Management Techniques"
|
|
msgstr "## Nachteile verschiedener Techniken zur Speicherverwaltung"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/comparison.md:22
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Manual like C:\n"
|
|
" * Use-after-free.\n"
|
|
" * Double-frees.\n"
|
|
" * Memory leaks.\n"
|
|
"* Automatic like Java:\n"
|
|
" * Garbage collection pauses.\n"
|
|
" * Destructor delays.\n"
|
|
"* Scope-based like C++:\n"
|
|
" * Complex, opt-in by programmer.\n"
|
|
" * Potential for use-after-free.\n"
|
|
"* Compiler-enforced and scope-based like Rust:\n"
|
|
" * Some upfront complexity.\n"
|
|
" * Can reject valid programs."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Handbuch wie C:\n"
|
|
" * Use-after-free.\n"
|
|
" * Double-frees.\n"
|
|
" * Speicherlecks.\n"
|
|
"* Automatisch wie Java:\n"
|
|
" * Garbage Collection pausiert.\n"
|
|
" * Destruktorverzögerungen.\n"
|
|
"* Bereichsbasiert wie C++:\n"
|
|
" * Komplex, Opt-in durch Programmierer.\n"
|
|
" * Potenzial für die Nutzung nach dem Kostenlos.\n"
|
|
"* Compiler-erzwungen und bereichsbasiert wie Rust:\n"
|
|
" * Etwas Komplexität im Voraus.\n"
|
|
" * Kann gültige Programme ablehnen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Ownership"
|
|
msgstr "# Eigentum"
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"All variable bindings have a _scope_ where they are valid and it is an error to\n"
|
|
"use a variable outside its scope:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Alle Variablenbindungen haben einen _Geltungsbereich_, wo sie gültig sind und es ein Fehler ist\n"
|
|
"Verwenden Sie eine Variable außerhalb ihres Gültigkeitsbereichs:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership.md:6
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable,compile_fail\n"
|
|
"struct Point(i32, i32);"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership.md:9
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" {\n"
|
|
" let p = Point(3, 4);\n"
|
|
" println!(\"x: {}\", p.0);\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" println!(\"y: {}\", p.1);\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership.md:18
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* At the end of the scope, the variable is _dropped_ and the data is freed.\n"
|
|
"* A destructor can run here to free up resources.\n"
|
|
"* We say that the variable _owns_ the value."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Am Ende des Gültigkeitsbereichs wird die Variable _gelöscht_ und die Daten werden freigegeben.\n"
|
|
"* Hier kann ein Destruktor laufen, um Ressourcen freizugeben.\n"
|
|
"* Wir sagen, dass die Variable den Wert _besitzt_."
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/move-semantics.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Move Semantics"
|
|
msgstr "# Bewegungssemantik"
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/move-semantics.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "An assignment will transfer ownership between variables:"
|
|
msgstr "Eine Zuweisung überträgt den Besitz zwischen Variablen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/move-semantics.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let s1: String = String::from(\"Hello!\");\n"
|
|
" let s2: String = s1;\n"
|
|
" println!(\"s2: {s2}\");\n"
|
|
" // println!(\"s1: {s1}\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/move-semantics.md:14
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* The assignment of `s1` to `s2` transfers ownership.\n"
|
|
"* The data was _moved_ from `s1` and `s1` is no longer accessible.\n"
|
|
"* When `s1` goes out of scope, nothing happens: it has no ownership.\n"
|
|
"* When `s2` goes out of scope, the string data is freed.\n"
|
|
"* There is always _exactly_ one variable binding which owns a value."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Die Zuweisung von `s1` an `s2` überträgt das Eigentum.\n"
|
|
"* Die Daten wurden von `s1` _verschoben_ und `s1` ist nicht mehr zugänglich.\n"
|
|
"* Wenn `s1` den Gültigkeitsbereich verlässt, passiert nichts: Es hat keinen Besitz.\n"
|
|
"* Wenn `s2` den Geltungsbereich verlässt, werden die String-Daten freigegeben.\n"
|
|
"* Es gibt immer _genau_ eine Variablenbindung, die einen Wert besitzt."
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/move-semantics.md:22
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Mention that this is the opposite of the defaults in C++, which copies by value unless you use "
|
|
"`std::move` (and the move constructor is defined!)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Erwähnen Sie, dass dies das Gegenteil der Standardeinstellungen in C++ ist, die nach Wert "
|
|
"kopieren, es sei denn, Sie verwenden `std::move` (und der Move-Konstruktor ist definiert!)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/move-semantics.md:24
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* In Rust, you clones are explicit (by using `clone`)."
|
|
msgstr "* In Rust sind Klone explizit (durch Verwendung von `clone`)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/moved-strings-rust.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Moved Strings in Rust"
|
|
msgstr "# Bewegte Saiten in Rost"
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/moved-strings-rust.md:3
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let s1: String = String::from(\"Rust\");\n"
|
|
" let s2: String = s1;\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/moved-strings-rust.md:10
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* The heap data from `s1` is reused for `s2`.\n"
|
|
"* When `s1` goes out of scope, nothing happens (it has been moved from)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Die Heap-Daten von „s1“ werden für „s2“ wiederverwendet.\n"
|
|
"* Wenn `s1` den Gültigkeitsbereich verlässt, passiert nichts (es wurde verschoben)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/moved-strings-rust.md:13
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Before move to `s2`:"
|
|
msgstr "Vor dem Wechsel zu `s2`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/moved-strings-rust.md:15
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```bob\n"
|
|
" Stack Heap\n"
|
|
".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - -.\n"
|
|
": : : :\n"
|
|
": s1 : : :\n"
|
|
": +-----------+-------+ : : +----+----+----+----+ :\n"
|
|
": | ptr | o---+---+-----+-->| R | u | s | t | :\n"
|
|
": | len | 4 | : : +----+----+----+----+ :\n"
|
|
": | capacity | 4 | : : :\n"
|
|
": +-----------+-------+ : : :\n"
|
|
": : `- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n"
|
|
": :\n"
|
|
"`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/moved-strings-rust.md:30
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "After move to `s2`:"
|
|
msgstr "Nach Umzug nach `s2`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/moved-strings-rust.md:32
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```bob\n"
|
|
" Stack Heap\n"
|
|
".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - -.\n"
|
|
": : : :\n"
|
|
": s1 \"(inaccessible)\" : : :\n"
|
|
": +-----------+-------+ : : +----+----+----+----+ :\n"
|
|
": | ptr | o---+---+--+--+-->| R | u | s | t | :\n"
|
|
": | len | 4 | : | : +----+----+----+----+ :\n"
|
|
": | capacity | 4 | : | : :\n"
|
|
": +-----------+-------+ : | : :\n"
|
|
": : | `- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n"
|
|
": s2 : |\n"
|
|
": +-----------+-------+ : |\n"
|
|
": | ptr | o---+---+--'\n"
|
|
": | len | 4 | :\n"
|
|
": | capacity | 4 | :\n"
|
|
": +-----------+-------+ :\n"
|
|
": :\n"
|
|
"`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/double-free-modern-cpp.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Double Frees in Modern C++"
|
|
msgstr "# Double Frees in modernem C++"
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/double-free-modern-cpp.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Modern C++ solves this differently:"
|
|
msgstr "Modernes C++ löst dies anders:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/double-free-modern-cpp.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```c++\n"
|
|
"std::string s1 = \"Cpp\";\n"
|
|
"std::string s2 = s1; // Duplicate the data in s1.\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/double-free-modern-cpp.md:10
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* The heap data from `s1` is duplicated and `s2` gets its own independent copy.\n"
|
|
"* When `s1` and `s2` go out of scope, they each free their own memory."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Die Heap-Daten von `s1` werden dupliziert und `s2` bekommt seine eigene unabhängige Kopie.\n"
|
|
"* Wenn `s1` und `s2` den Geltungsbereich verlassen, geben sie jeweils ihren eigenen Speicher frei."
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/double-free-modern-cpp.md:13
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Before copy-assignment:"
|
|
msgstr "Vor Kopierauftrag:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/double-free-modern-cpp.md:16
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```bob\n"
|
|
" Stack Heap\n"
|
|
".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - -.\n"
|
|
": : : :\n"
|
|
": s1 : : :\n"
|
|
": +-----------+-------+ : : +----+----+----+ :\n"
|
|
": | ptr | o---+---+--+--+-->| C | p | p | :\n"
|
|
": | len | 3 | : : +----+----+----+ :\n"
|
|
": | capacity | 3 | : : :\n"
|
|
": +-----------+-------+ : : :\n"
|
|
": : `- - - - - - - - - - - -'\n"
|
|
"`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/double-free-modern-cpp.md:30
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "After copy-assignment:"
|
|
msgstr "Nach der Kopierzuweisung:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/double-free-modern-cpp.md:32
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```bob\n"
|
|
" Stack Heap\n"
|
|
".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - -.\n"
|
|
": : : :\n"
|
|
": s1 : : :\n"
|
|
": +-----------+-------+ : : +----+----+----+ :\n"
|
|
": | ptr | o---+---+--+--+-->| C | p | p | :\n"
|
|
": | len | 3 | : : +----+----+----+ :\n"
|
|
": | capacity | 3 | : : :\n"
|
|
": +-----------+-------+ : : :\n"
|
|
": : : :\n"
|
|
": s2 : : :\n"
|
|
": +-----------+-------+ : : +----+----+----+ :\n"
|
|
": | ptr | o---+---+-----+-->| C | p | p | :\n"
|
|
": | len | 3 | : : +----+----+----+ :\n"
|
|
": | capacity | 3 | : : :\n"
|
|
": +-----------+-------+ : : :\n"
|
|
": : `- - - - - - - - - - - -'\n"
|
|
"`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/moves-function-calls.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Moves in Function Calls"
|
|
msgstr "# Bewegungen in Funktionsaufrufen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/moves-function-calls.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"When you pass a value to a function, the value is assigned to the function\n"
|
|
"parameter. This transfers ownership:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Wenn Sie einer Funktion einen Wert übergeben, wird der Wert der Funktion zugewiesen\n"
|
|
"Parameter. Dadurch wird das Eigentum übertragen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/moves-function-calls.md:6
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn say_hello(name: String) {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"Hello {name}\")\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/moves-function-calls.md:11
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let name = String::from(\"Alice\");\n"
|
|
" say_hello(name);\n"
|
|
" // say_hello(name);\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/moves-function-calls.md:20
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* With the first call to `say_hello`, `main` gives up ownership of `name`. Afterwards, `name` "
|
|
"cannot be used anymore within `main`.\n"
|
|
"* The heap memory allocated for `name` will be freed at the end of the `say_hello` function.\n"
|
|
"* `main` can retain ownership if it passes `name` as a reference (`&name`) and if `say_hello` "
|
|
"accepts a reference as a parameter.\n"
|
|
"* Alternatively, `main` can pass a clone of `name` in the first call (`name.clone()`).\n"
|
|
"* Rust makes it harder than C++ to inadvertently create copies by making move semantics the "
|
|
"default, and by forcing programmers to make clones explicit."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Mit dem ersten Aufruf von `say_hello` gibt `main` den Besitz von `name` auf. Danach kann `name` "
|
|
"nicht mehr innerhalb von `main` verwendet werden.\n"
|
|
"* Der für `name` zugewiesene Heap-Speicher wird am Ende der `say_hello`-Funktion freigegeben.\n"
|
|
"* `main` kann den Besitz behalten, wenn es `name` als Referenz (`&name`) übergibt und wenn "
|
|
"`say_hello` eine Referenz als Parameter akzeptiert.\n"
|
|
"* Alternativ kann `main` beim ersten Aufruf (`name.clone()`) einen Klon von `name` übergeben.\n"
|
|
"* Rust macht es schwieriger als C++, versehentlich Kopien zu erstellen, indem es die "
|
|
"Bewegungssemantik zum Standard macht und Programmierer dazu zwingt, Klone explizit zu machen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/copy-clone.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Copying and Cloning"
|
|
msgstr "# Kopieren und Klonen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/copy-clone.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "While move semantics are the default, certain types are copied by default:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Während die Bewegungssemantik der Standard ist, werden bestimmte Typen standardmäßig kopiert:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/copy-clone.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let x = 42;\n"
|
|
" let y = x;\n"
|
|
" println!(\"x: {x}\");\n"
|
|
" println!(\"y: {y}\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/copy-clone.md:14
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "These types implement the `Copy` trait."
|
|
msgstr "Diese Typen implementieren das `Copy`-Merkmal."
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/copy-clone.md:16
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "You can opt-in your own types to use copy semantics:"
|
|
msgstr "Sie können Ihre eigenen Typen für die Verwendung von Kopiersemantik aktivieren:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/copy-clone.md:18
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug)]\n"
|
|
"struct Point(i32, i32);"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/copy-clone.md:22
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let p1 = Point(3, 4);\n"
|
|
" let p2 = p1;\n"
|
|
" println!(\"p1: {p1:?}\");\n"
|
|
" println!(\"p2: {p2:?}\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/copy-clone.md:30
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* After the assignment, both `p1` and `p2` own their own data.\n"
|
|
"* We can also use `p1.clone()` to explicitly copy the data."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Nach der Zuweisung besitzen sowohl `p1` als auch `p2` ihre eigenen Daten.\n"
|
|
"* Wir können auch `p1.clone()` verwenden, um die Daten explizit zu kopieren."
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/copy-clone.md:35
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Copying and cloning are not the same thing:"
|
|
msgstr "Kopieren und Klonen sind nicht dasselbe:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/copy-clone.md:37
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Copying refers to bitwise copies of memory regions and does not work on arbitrary objects.\n"
|
|
"* Copying does not allow for custom logic (unlike copy constructors in C++).\n"
|
|
"* Cloning is a more general operation and also allows for custom behavior by implementing the "
|
|
"`Clone` trait.\n"
|
|
"* Copying does not work on types that implement the `Drop` trait."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Kopieren bezieht sich auf bitweises Kopieren von Speicherbereichen und funktioniert nicht mit "
|
|
"beliebigen Objekten.\n"
|
|
"* Beim Kopieren ist keine benutzerdefinierte Logik möglich (im Gegensatz zu Kopierkonstruktoren in "
|
|
"C++).\n"
|
|
"* Klonen ist eine allgemeinere Operation und ermöglicht auch benutzerdefiniertes Verhalten durch "
|
|
"Implementieren der Eigenschaft \"Klonen\".\n"
|
|
"* Das Kopieren funktioniert nicht bei Typen, die das `Drop`-Merkmal implementieren."
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/copy-clone.md:42 src/ownership/lifetimes-function-calls.md:29
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "In the above example, try the following:"
|
|
msgstr "Versuchen Sie im obigen Beispiel Folgendes:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/copy-clone.md:44
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Add a `String` field to `struct Point`. It will not compile because `String` is not a `Copy` "
|
|
"type.\n"
|
|
"* Remove `Copy` from the `derive` attribute. The compiler error is now in the `println!` for "
|
|
"`p1`.\n"
|
|
"* Show that it works if you clone `p1` instead."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Fügen Sie ein `String`-Feld zu `struct Point` hinzu. Es wird nicht kompiliert, da `String` kein "
|
|
"`Copy`-Typ ist.\n"
|
|
"* Entfernen Sie „Copy“ aus dem „derive“-Attribut. Der Compiler-Fehler steht jetzt im `println!` "
|
|
"für `p1`.\n"
|
|
"* Zeigen Sie, dass es funktioniert, wenn Sie stattdessen `p1` klonen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/copy-clone.md:48
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If students ask about `derive`, it is sufficient to say that this is a way to generate code in "
|
|
"Rust\n"
|
|
"at compile time. In this case the default implementations of `Copy` and `Clone` traits are "
|
|
"generated.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"</details>"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Wenn Schüler nach „derive“ fragen, reicht es zu sagen, dass dies eine Möglichkeit ist, Code in "
|
|
"Rust zu generieren\n"
|
|
"zur Kompilierzeit. In diesem Fall werden die Standardimplementierungen der Merkmale „Kopieren“ und "
|
|
"„Klonen“ generiert.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"</details>"
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/borrowing.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Borrowing"
|
|
msgstr "# Ausleihen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/borrowing.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Instead of transferring ownership when calling a function, you can let a\n"
|
|
"function _borrow_ the value:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Anstatt den Besitz beim Aufruf einer Funktion zu übertragen, können Sie a\n"
|
|
"function _borrow_ den Wert:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/borrowing.md:6 src/ownership/lifetimes-function-calls.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"#[derive(Debug)]\n"
|
|
"struct Point(i32, i32);"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/borrowing.md:10
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn add(p1: &Point, p2: &Point) -> Point {\n"
|
|
" Point(p1.0 + p2.0, p1.1 + p2.1)\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"fn add(p1: &Punkt, p2: &Punkt) -> Punkt {\n"
|
|
" Punkt(p1.0 + p2.0, p1.1 + p2.1)\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/borrowing.md:14
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let p1 = Point(3, 4);\n"
|
|
" let p2 = Point(10, 20);\n"
|
|
" let p3 = add(&p1, &p2);\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{p1:?} + {p2:?} = {p3:?}\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/borrowing.md:22
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* The `add` function _borrows_ two points and returns a new point.\n"
|
|
"* The caller retains ownership of the inputs."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Die `add`-Funktion _leiht_ zwei Punkte und gibt einen neuen Punkt zurück.\n"
|
|
"* Der Aufrufer behält das Eigentum an den Eingaben."
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/borrowing.md:27
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Notes on stack returns:\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Hinweise zur Stapelrückgabe:\n"
|
|
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Demonstrate that the return from `add` is cheap because the compiler can eliminate the copy "
|
|
"operation. Change the above code to print stack addresses and run it on the [Playground]. In the "
|
|
"\"DEBUG\" optimization level, the addresses should change, while the stay the same when changing "
|
|
"to the \"RELEASE\" setting:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Zeigen Sie, dass die Rückgabe von `add` billig ist, weil der Compiler den Kopiervorgang "
|
|
"eliminieren kann. Ändern Sie den obigen Code, um Stapeladressen zu drucken, und führen Sie ihn auf "
|
|
"dem [Playground] aus. In der Optimierungsstufe „DEBUG“ sollen sich die Adressen ändern, während "
|
|
"sie beim Wechsel in die Einstellung „RELEASE“ gleich bleiben:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/borrowing.md:30
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" ```rust,editable\n"
|
|
" #[derive(Debug)]\n"
|
|
" struct Point(i32, i32);"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/borrowing.md:34
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" fn add(p1: &Point, p2: &Point) -> Point {\n"
|
|
" let p = Point(p1.0 + p2.0, p1.1 + p2.1);\n"
|
|
" println!(\"&p.0: {:p}\", &p.0);\n"
|
|
" p\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
" ```\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/borrowing.md:40
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* The Rust compiler can do return value optimization (RVO).\n"
|
|
"* In C++, copy elision has to be defined in the language specification because constructors can "
|
|
"have side effects. In Rust, this is not an issue at all. If RVO did not happen, Rust will always "
|
|
"performs a simple and efficient `memcpy` copy."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/borrowing.md:53
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "[Playground]: https://play.rust-lang.org/"
|
|
msgstr "[Spielplatz]: https://play.rust-lang.org/"
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/shared-unique-borrows.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Shared and Unique Borrows"
|
|
msgstr "# Gemeinsame und einzigartige Ausleihen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/shared-unique-borrows.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Rust puts constraints on the ways you can borrow values:"
|
|
msgstr "Rust schränkt die Art und Weise ein, wie Sie Werte ausleihen können:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/shared-unique-borrows.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* You can have one or more `&T` values at any given time, _or_\n"
|
|
"* You can have exactly one `&mut T` value."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Sie können jederzeit einen oder mehrere `&T`-Werte haben, _oder_\n"
|
|
"* Sie können genau einen `&mut T`-Wert haben."
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/shared-unique-borrows.md:8
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable,compile_fail\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let mut a: i32 = 10;\n"
|
|
" let b: &i32 = &a;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/shared-unique-borrows.md:13
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" {\n"
|
|
" let c: &mut i32 = &mut a;\n"
|
|
" *c = 20;\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/shared-unique-borrows.md:18 src/std/rc.md:13
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" println!(\"a: {a}\");\n"
|
|
" println!(\"b: {b}\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/shared-unique-borrows.md:25
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* The above code does not compile because `a` is borrowed as mutable (through `c`) and as "
|
|
"immutable (through `b`) at the same time.\n"
|
|
"* Move the `println!` statement for `b` before the scope that introduces `c` to make the code "
|
|
"compile.\n"
|
|
"* After that change, the compiler realizes that `b` is only ever used before the new mutable "
|
|
"borrow of `a` through `c`. This is a feature of the borrow checker called \"non-lexical "
|
|
"lifetimes\"."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Der obige Code lässt sich nicht kompilieren, da `a` gleichzeitig als veränderlich (durch `c`) "
|
|
"und als unveränderlich (durch `b`) ausgeliehen wird.\n"
|
|
"* Verschieben Sie die `println!`-Anweisung für `b` vor den Gültigkeitsbereich, der `c` einführt, "
|
|
"um den Code zu kompilieren.\n"
|
|
"* Nach dieser Änderung erkennt der Compiler, dass `b` immer nur vor dem neuen änderbaren Borgen "
|
|
"von `a` bis `c` verwendet wird. Dies ist eine Funktion des Borrow-Checkers, die als \"nicht-"
|
|
"lexikalische Lebensdauern\" bezeichnet wird."
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/lifetimes.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Lifetimes"
|
|
msgstr "# Lebensdauer"
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/lifetimes.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "A borrowed value has a _lifetime_:"
|
|
msgstr "Ein geliehener Wert hat eine _Lebensdauer_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/lifetimes.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* The lifetime can be elided: `add(p1: &Point, p2: &Point) -> Point`.\n"
|
|
"* Lifetimes can also be explicit: `&'a Point`, `&'document str`.\n"
|
|
"* Read `&'a Point` as \"a borrowed `Point` which is valid for at least the\n"
|
|
" lifetime `a`\".\n"
|
|
"* Lifetimes are always inferred by the compiler: you cannot assign a lifetime\n"
|
|
" yourself.\n"
|
|
" * Lifetime annotations create constraints; the compiler verifies that there is\n"
|
|
" a valid solution."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/lifetimes-function-calls.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Lifetimes in Function Calls"
|
|
msgstr "# Lebensdauer in Funktionsaufrufen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/lifetimes-function-calls.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "In addition to borrowing its arguments, a function can return a borrowed value:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Zusätzlich zum Ausleihen ihrer Argumente kann eine Funktion einen geliehenen Wert zurückgeben:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/lifetimes-function-calls.md:9
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn left_most<'a>(p1: &'a Point, p2: &'a Point) -> &'a Point {\n"
|
|
" if p1.0 < p2.0 { p1 } else { p2 }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"fn left_most<'a>(p1: &'a Punkt, p2: &'a Punkt) -> &'a Punkt {\n"
|
|
" wenn p1.0 < p2.0 { p1 } sonst { p2 }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/lifetimes-function-calls.md:13
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let p1: Point = Point(10, 10);\n"
|
|
" let p2: Point = Point(20, 20);\n"
|
|
" let p3: &Point = left_most(&p1, &p2);\n"
|
|
" println!(\"left-most point: {:?}\", p3);\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/lifetimes-function-calls.md:21
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* `'a` is a generic parameter, it is inferred by the compiler.\n"
|
|
"* Lifetimes start with `'` and `'a` is a typical default name.\n"
|
|
"* Read `&'a Point` as \"a borrowed `Point` which is valid for at least the\n"
|
|
" lifetime `a`\".\n"
|
|
" * The _at least_ part is important when parameters are in different scopes."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* „a“ ist ein generischer Parameter, er wird vom Compiler abgeleitet.\n"
|
|
"* Lebensdauern beginnen mit `'` und `'a` ist ein typischer Standardname.\n"
|
|
"* Lesen Sie `&'einen Punkt` als \"einen geliehenen `Punkt`, der mindestens für den gilt\n"
|
|
" Lebenszeit `a`\".\n"
|
|
" * Der Teil _at least_ ist wichtig, wenn sich Parameter in unterschiedlichen Geltungsbereichen "
|
|
"befinden."
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/lifetimes-function-calls.md:31
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Move the declaration of `p2` and `p3` into a a new scope (`{ ... }`), resulting in the following "
|
|
"code:\n"
|
|
" ```rust,ignore\n"
|
|
" #[derive(Debug)]\n"
|
|
" struct Point(i32, i32);"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/lifetimes-function-calls.md:36
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" fn left_most<'a>(p1: &'a Point, p2: &'a Point) -> &'a Point {\n"
|
|
" if p1.0 < p2.0 { p1 } else { p2 }\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" fn left_most<'a>(p1: &'a Punkt, p2: &'a Punkt) -> &'a Punkt {\n"
|
|
" wenn p1.0 < p2.0 { p1 } sonst { p2 }\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/lifetimes-function-calls.md:40
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let p1: Point = Point(10, 10);\n"
|
|
" let p3: &Point;\n"
|
|
" {\n"
|
|
" let p2: Point = Point(20, 20);\n"
|
|
" p3 = left_most(&p1, &p2);\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" println!(\"left-most point: {:?}\", p3);\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" ```\n"
|
|
" Note how this does not compile since `p3` outlives `p2`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/lifetimes-function-calls.md:52
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Reset the workspace and change the function signature to `fn left_most<'a, 'b>(p1: &'a Point, "
|
|
"p2: &'a Point) -> &'b Point`. This will not compile because the relationship between the lifetimes "
|
|
"`'a` and `'b` is unclear.\n"
|
|
"* Another way to explain it:\n"
|
|
" * Two references to two values are borrowed by a function and the function returns\n"
|
|
" another reference.\n"
|
|
" * It must have come from one of those two inputs (or from a global variable).\n"
|
|
" * Which one is it? The compiler needs to to know, so at the call site the returned reference is "
|
|
"not used\n"
|
|
" for longer than a variable from where the reference came from."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Setzen Sie den Arbeitsbereich zurück und ändern Sie die Funktionssignatur zu `fn left_most<'a, "
|
|
"'b>(p1: &'a Point, p2: &'a Point) -> &'b Point`. Dies wird nicht kompiliert, da die Beziehung "
|
|
"zwischen den Lebensdauern „a“ und „b“ unklar ist.\n"
|
|
"* Eine andere Möglichkeit, es zu erklären:\n"
|
|
" * Zwei Referenzen auf zwei Werte werden von einer Funktion ausgeliehen und die Funktion kehrt "
|
|
"zurück\n"
|
|
" eine andere Referenz.\n"
|
|
" * Es muss von einem dieser beiden Eingänge stammen (oder von einer globalen Variablen).\n"
|
|
" * Welches ist es? Der Compiler muss es wissen, damit die zurückgegebene Referenz auf der "
|
|
"Aufrufseite nicht verwendet wird\n"
|
|
" länger als eine Variable, von der die Referenz stammt."
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/lifetimes-data-structures.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Lifetimes in Data Structures"
|
|
msgstr "# Lebensdauern in Datenstrukturen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/lifetimes-data-structures.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "If a data type stores borrowed data, it must be annotated with a lifetime:"
|
|
msgstr "Wenn ein Datentyp geliehene Daten speichert, muss er mit einer Lebensdauer versehen werden:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/lifetimes-data-structures.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"#[derive(Debug)]\n"
|
|
"struct Highlight<'doc>(&'doc str);"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/lifetimes-data-structures.md:9
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn erase(text: String) {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"Bye {text}!\");\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/lifetimes-data-structures.md:13
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let text = String::from(\"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.\");\n"
|
|
" let fox = Highlight(&text[4..19]);\n"
|
|
" let dog = Highlight(&text[35..43]);\n"
|
|
" // erase(text);\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{fox:?}\");\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{dog:?}\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/ownership/lifetimes-data-structures.md:25
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* In the above example, the annotation on `Highlight` enforces that the data underlying the "
|
|
"contained `&str` lives at least as long as any instance of `Highlight` that uses that data.\n"
|
|
"* If `text` is consumed before the end of the lifetime of `fox` (or `dog`), the borrow checker "
|
|
"throws an error.\n"
|
|
"* Types with borrowed data force users to hold on to the original data. This can be useful for "
|
|
"creating lightweight views, but it generally makes them somewhat harder to use.\n"
|
|
"* When possible, make data structures own their data directly.\n"
|
|
"* Some structs with multiple references inside can have more than one lifetime annotation. This "
|
|
"can be necessary if there is a need to describe lifetime relationships between the references "
|
|
"themselves, in addition to the lifetime of the struct itself. Those are very advanced use cases.\n"
|
|
"</details>"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Im obigen Beispiel erzwingt die Anmerkung zu `Highlight`, dass die Daten, die dem enthaltenen "
|
|
"`&str` zugrunde liegen, mindestens so lange leben wie jede Instanz von `Highlight`, die diese "
|
|
"Daten verwendet.\n"
|
|
"* Wenn `text` vor dem Ende der Lebensdauer von `fox` (oder `dog`) verbraucht wird, wirft der "
|
|
"Borrow-Checker einen Fehler.\n"
|
|
"* Typen mit geliehenen Daten zwingen Benutzer, an den Originaldaten festzuhalten. Dies kann "
|
|
"nützlich sein, um einfache Ansichten zu erstellen, macht sie jedoch im Allgemeinen etwas "
|
|
"schwieriger zu verwenden.\n"
|
|
"* Wenn möglich, machen Sie Datenstrukturen direkt Eigentümer ihrer Daten.\n"
|
|
"* Einige Strukturen mit mehreren darin enthaltenen Referenzen können mehr als eine lebenslange "
|
|
"Anmerkung haben. Dies kann erforderlich sein, wenn zusätzlich zur Lebensdauer der Struktur selbst "
|
|
"Lebensdauerbeziehungen zwischen den Referenzen selbst beschrieben werden müssen. Das sind sehr "
|
|
"fortgeschrittene Anwendungsfälle.\n"
|
|
"</Details>"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/afternoon.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Day 1: Afternoon Exercises"
|
|
msgstr "# Tag 1: Nachmittagsübungen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/afternoon.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "We will look at two things:"
|
|
msgstr "Wir werden uns zwei Dinge ansehen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/afternoon.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* A small book library,"
|
|
msgstr "* Eine kleine Buchbibliothek,"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/afternoon.md:7
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* Iterators and ownership (hard)."
|
|
msgstr "* Iteratoren und Besitz (schwer)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/afternoon.md:13 src/exercises/day-2/afternoon.md:9
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "[solutions]: solutions-afternoon.md"
|
|
msgstr "[Lösungen]: Lösungen-Nachmittag.md"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/book-library.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Designing a Library"
|
|
msgstr "# Entwerfen einer Bibliothek"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/book-library.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"We will learn much more about structs and the `Vec<T>` type tomorrow. For now,\n"
|
|
"you just need to know part of its API:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Wir werden morgen viel mehr über Strukturen und den Typ `Vec<T>` lernen. Zur Zeit,\n"
|
|
"Sie müssen nur einen Teil seiner API kennen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/book-library.md:6
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let mut vec = vec![10, 20];\n"
|
|
" vec.push(30);\n"
|
|
" println!(\"middle value: {}\", vec[vec.len() / 2]);\n"
|
|
" for item in vec.iter() {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"item: {item}\");\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/book-library.md:17
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Use this to create a library application. Copy the code below to\n"
|
|
"<https://play.rust-lang.org/> and update the types to make it compile:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Verwenden Sie dies, um eine Bibliotheksanwendung zu erstellen. Kopieren Sie den folgenden Code "
|
|
"nach\n"
|
|
"<https://play.rust-lang.org/> und aktualisieren Sie die Typen, damit es kompiliert wird:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/book-library.md:24
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"struct Library {\n"
|
|
" books: Vec<Book>,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Struktur Bibliothek {\n"
|
|
" Bücher: Vec<Buch>,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/book-library.md:28 src/exercises/day-1/solutions-afternoon.md:27
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"struct Book {\n"
|
|
" title: String,\n"
|
|
" year: u16,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"struct Buch {\n"
|
|
" Titel: Zeichenkette,\n"
|
|
" Jahr: u16,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/book-library.md:33 src/exercises/day-1/solutions-afternoon.md:32
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"impl Book {\n"
|
|
" // This is a constructor, used below.\n"
|
|
" fn new(title: &str, year: u16) -> Book {\n"
|
|
" Book {\n"
|
|
" title: String::from(title),\n"
|
|
" year,\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"impl Buch {\n"
|
|
" // Dies ist ein Konstruktor, der unten verwendet wird.\n"
|
|
" fn neu(titel: &str, jahr: u16) -> Buch {\n"
|
|
" Buch {\n"
|
|
" Titel: Zeichenkette::von(Titel),\n"
|
|
" Jahr,\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/book-library.md:43
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// This makes it possible to print Book values with {}.\n"
|
|
"impl std::fmt::Display for Book {\n"
|
|
" fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {\n"
|
|
" write!(f, \"{} ({})\", self.title, self.year)\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// Dadurch ist es möglich, Buchwerte mit {} zu drucken.\n"
|
|
"impl std::fmt::Anzeige für Buch {\n"
|
|
" fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {\n"
|
|
" schreibe!(f, \"{} ({})\", self.title, self.year)\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/book-library.md:50
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"impl Library {\n"
|
|
" fn new() -> Library {\n"
|
|
" unimplemented!()\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"impl-Bibliothek {\n"
|
|
" fn new() -> Bibliothek {\n"
|
|
" nicht implementiert!()\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/book-library.md:55
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" //fn len(self) -> usize {\n"
|
|
" // unimplemented!()\n"
|
|
" //}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" //fn len(self) -> verwenden {\n"
|
|
" // nicht implementiert!()\n"
|
|
" //}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/book-library.md:59
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" //fn is_empty(self) -> bool {\n"
|
|
" // unimplemented!()\n"
|
|
" //}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" //fn is_empty(self) -> bool {\n"
|
|
" // nicht implementiert!()\n"
|
|
" //}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/book-library.md:63
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" //fn add_book(self, book: Book) {\n"
|
|
" // unimplemented!()\n"
|
|
" //}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" //fn add_book(selbst, Buch: Buch) {\n"
|
|
" // nicht implementiert!()\n"
|
|
" //}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/book-library.md:67
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" //fn print_books(self) {\n"
|
|
" // unimplemented!()\n"
|
|
" //}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" //fn print_books(selbst) {\n"
|
|
" // nicht implementiert!()\n"
|
|
" //}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/book-library.md:71
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" //fn oldest_book(self) -> Option<&Book> {\n"
|
|
" // unimplemented!()\n"
|
|
" //}\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" //fn ältestes_buch(selbst) -> Option<&Buch> {\n"
|
|
" // nicht implementiert!()\n"
|
|
" //}\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/book-library.md:76
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// This shows the desired behavior. Uncomment the code below and\n"
|
|
"// implement the missing methods. You will need to update the\n"
|
|
"// method signatures, including the \"self\" parameter! You may\n"
|
|
"// also need to update the variable bindings within main.\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let library = Library::new();"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/book-library.md:83
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" //println!(\"Our library is empty: {}\", library.is_empty());\n"
|
|
" //\n"
|
|
" //library.add_book(Book::new(\"Lord of the Rings\", 1954));\n"
|
|
" //library.add_book(Book::new(\"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland\", 1865));\n"
|
|
" //\n"
|
|
" //library.print_books();\n"
|
|
" //\n"
|
|
" //match library.oldest_book() {\n"
|
|
" // Some(book) => println!(\"My oldest book is {book}\"),\n"
|
|
" // None => println!(\"My library is empty!\"),\n"
|
|
" //}\n"
|
|
" //\n"
|
|
" //println!(\"Our library has {} books\", library.len());\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/book-library.md:99
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Solution](solutions-afternoon.md#designing-a-library)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Lösung](solutions-afternoon.md#designing-a-library)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/iterators-and-ownership.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Iterators and Ownership"
|
|
msgstr "# Iteratoren und Eigentum"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/iterators-and-ownership.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The ownership model of Rust affects many APIs. An example of this is the\n"
|
|
"[`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html) and\n"
|
|
"[`IntoIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.IntoIterator.html)\n"
|
|
"traits."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Das Eigentumsmodell von Rust betrifft viele APIs. Ein Beispiel hierfür ist die\n"
|
|
"[`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html) und\n"
|
|
"[`IntoIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.IntoIterator.html)\n"
|
|
"Züge."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/iterators-and-ownership.md:8
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "## `Iterator`"
|
|
msgstr "## `Iterator`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/iterators-and-ownership.md:10
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Traits are like interfaces: they describe behavior (methods) for a type. The\n"
|
|
"`Iterator` trait simply says that you can call `next` until you get `None` back:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Merkmale sind wie Schnittstellen: Sie beschreiben das Verhalten (Methoden) für einen Typ. Der\n"
|
|
"Das `Iterator`-Merkmal sagt einfach, dass Sie `next` aufrufen können, bis Sie `None` "
|
|
"zurückbekommen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/iterators-and-ownership.md:13
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust\n"
|
|
"pub trait Iterator {\n"
|
|
" type Item;\n"
|
|
" fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item>;\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/iterators-and-ownership.md:20
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "You use this trait like this:"
|
|
msgstr "Sie verwenden diese Eigenschaft wie folgt:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/iterators-and-ownership.md:22
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let v: Vec<i8> = vec![10, 20, 30];\n"
|
|
" let mut iter = v.iter();"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/iterators-and-ownership.md:27
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" println!(\"v[0]: {:?}\", iter.next());\n"
|
|
" println!(\"v[1]: {:?}\", iter.next());\n"
|
|
" println!(\"v[2]: {:?}\", iter.next());\n"
|
|
" println!(\"No more items: {:?}\", iter.next());\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/iterators-and-ownership.md:34
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "What is the type returned by the iterator? Test your answer here:"
|
|
msgstr "Welchen Typ gibt der Iterator zurück? Testen Sie Ihre Antwort hier:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/iterators-and-ownership.md:36
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable,compile_fail\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let v: Vec<i8> = vec![10, 20, 30];\n"
|
|
" let mut iter = v.iter();"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/iterators-and-ownership.md:41
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/iterators-and-ownership.md:78
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" let v0: Option<..> = iter.next();\n"
|
|
" println!(\"v0: {v0:?}\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/iterators-and-ownership.md:46
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Why is this type used?"
|
|
msgstr "Warum wird dieser Typ verwendet?"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/iterators-and-ownership.md:48
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "## `IntoIterator`"
|
|
msgstr "## `IntoIterator`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/iterators-and-ownership.md:50
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `Iterator` trait tells you how to _iterate_ once you have created an\n"
|
|
"iterator. The related trait `IntoIterator` tells you how to create the iterator:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Die Eigenschaft „Iterator“ sagt Ihnen, wie Sie _iteraten_, sobald Sie eine erstellt haben\n"
|
|
"Iterator. Die zugehörige Eigenschaft `IntoIterator` sagt Ihnen, wie Sie den Iterator erstellen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/iterators-and-ownership.md:53
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust\n"
|
|
"pub trait IntoIterator {\n"
|
|
" type Item;\n"
|
|
" type IntoIter: Iterator<Item = Self::Item>;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/iterators-and-ownership.md:58
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" fn into_iter(self) -> Self::IntoIter;\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/iterators-and-ownership.md:62
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The syntax here means that every implementation of `IntoIterator` must\n"
|
|
"declare two types:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Die Syntax hier bedeutet, dass jede Implementierung von `IntoIterator` muss\n"
|
|
"deklarieren Sie zwei Arten:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/iterators-and-ownership.md:65
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* `Item`: the type we iterate over, such as `i8`,\n"
|
|
"* `IntoIter`: the `Iterator` type returned by the `into_iter` method."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* `Item`: der Typ, über den wir iterieren, wie z. B. `i8`,\n"
|
|
"* `IntoIter`: der `Iterator`-Typ, der von der `into_iter`-Methode zurückgegeben wird."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/iterators-and-ownership.md:68
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Note that `IntoIter` and `Item` are linked: the iterator must have the same\n"
|
|
"`Item` type, which means that it returns `Option<Item>`"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Beachten Sie, dass „IntoIter“ und „Item“ verknüpft sind: Der Iterator muss dasselbe haben\n"
|
|
"`Item`-Typ, was bedeutet, dass es `Option<Item>` zurückgibt"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/iterators-and-ownership.md:71
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Like before, what is the type returned by the iterator?"
|
|
msgstr "Welchen Typ gibt der Iterator wie zuvor zurück?"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/iterators-and-ownership.md:73
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable,compile_fail\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let v: Vec<String> = vec![String::from(\"foo\"), String::from(\"bar\")];\n"
|
|
" let mut iter = v.into_iter();"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/iterators-and-ownership.md:83
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "## `for` Loops"
|
|
msgstr "## `for`-Schleifen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/iterators-and-ownership.md:85
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Now that we know both `Iterator` and `IntoIterator`, we can build `for` loops.\n"
|
|
"They call `into_iter()` on an expression and iterates over the resulting\n"
|
|
"iterator:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Jetzt, da wir sowohl „Iterator“ als auch „IntoIterator“ kennen, können wir „for“-Schleifen bauen.\n"
|
|
"Sie rufen `into_iter()` für einen Ausdruck auf und iterieren über das Ergebnis\n"
|
|
"Iterator:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/iterators-and-ownership.md:89
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let v: Vec<String> = vec![String::from(\"foo\"), String::from(\"bar\")];"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/iterators-and-ownership.md:93
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" for word in &v {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"word: {word}\");\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/iterators-and-ownership.md:97
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" for word in v {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"word: {word}\");\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/iterators-and-ownership.md:103
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "What is the type of `word` in each loop?"
|
|
msgstr "Was ist die Art von „Wort“ in jeder Schleife?"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/iterators-and-ownership.md:105
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Experiment with the code above and then consult the documentation for [`impl\n"
|
|
"IntoIterator for\n"
|
|
"&Vec<T>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec.html#impl-IntoIterator-for-"
|
|
"%26%27a%20Vec%3CT%2C%20A%3E)\n"
|
|
"and [`impl IntoIterator for\n"
|
|
"Vec<T>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec.html#impl-IntoIterator-for-"
|
|
"Vec%3CT%2C%20A%3E)\n"
|
|
"to check your answers."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Experimentieren Sie mit dem obigen Code und konsultieren Sie dann die Dokumentation für [`impl\n"
|
|
"IntoIterator für\n"
|
|
"&Vec<T>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec.html#impl-IntoIterator-for-"
|
|
"%26%27a%20Vec%3CT%2C%20A%3E)\n"
|
|
"und [`impl IntoIterator for\n"
|
|
"Vec<T>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec.html#impl-IntoIterator-for-"
|
|
"Vec%3CT%2C%20A%3E)\n"
|
|
"um Ihre Antworten zu überprüfen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-2.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Welcome to Day 2"
|
|
msgstr "# Willkommen zu Tag 2"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-2.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Now that we have seen a fair amount of Rust, we will continue with:"
|
|
msgstr "Nachdem wir nun eine ganze Menge Rust gesehen haben, fahren wir fort mit:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-2.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* Structs, enums, methods."
|
|
msgstr "* Strukturen, Aufzählungen, Methoden."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-2.md:7
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* Pattern matching: destructuring enums, structs, and arrays."
|
|
msgstr "* Mustervergleich: Destrukturierung von Aufzählungen, Strukturen und Arrays."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-2.md:9
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Control flow constructs: `if`, `if let`, `while`, `while let`, `break`, and\n"
|
|
" `continue`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Kontrollflusskonstrukte: `if`, `if let`, `while`, `while let`, `break` und\n"
|
|
" \"weitermachen\"."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-2.md:12
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* The Standard Library: `String`, `Option` and `Result`, `Vec`, `HashMap`, `Rc`\n"
|
|
" and `Arc`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Die Standardbibliothek: `String`, `Option` und `Result`, `Vec`, `HashMap`, `Rc`\n"
|
|
" und \"Bogen\"."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-2.md:15
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* Modules: visibility, paths, and filesystem hierarchy."
|
|
msgstr "* Module: Sichtbarkeit, Pfade und Dateisystemhierarchie."
|
|
|
|
#: src/structs.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Structs"
|
|
msgstr "# Strukturen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/structs.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Like C and C++, Rust has support for custom structs:"
|
|
msgstr "Wie C und C++ unterstützt Rust benutzerdefinierte Strukturen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/structs.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"struct Person {\n"
|
|
" name: String,\n"
|
|
" age: u8,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/structs.md:11
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let mut peter = Person {\n"
|
|
" name: String::from(\"Peter\"),\n"
|
|
" age: 27,\n"
|
|
" };\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{} is {} years old\", peter.name, peter.age);\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
" peter.age = 28;\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{} is {} years old\", peter.name, peter.age);\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
" let jackie = Person {\n"
|
|
" name: String::from(\"Jackie\"),\n"
|
|
" ..peter\n"
|
|
" };\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{} is {} years old\", jackie.name, jackie.age);\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/structs.md:29
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Key Points: "
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Wichtige Punkte:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/structs.md:32
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Structs work like in C or C++.\n"
|
|
" * Like in C++, and unlike in C, no typedef is needed to define a type.\n"
|
|
" * Unlike in C++, there is no inheritance between structs.\n"
|
|
"* Methods are defined in an `impl` block, which we will see in following slides.\n"
|
|
"* This may be a good time to let people know there are different types of structs. \n"
|
|
" * Zero-sized structs `e.g., struct Foo;` might be used when implementing a trait on some type "
|
|
"but don’t have any data that you want to store in the value itself. \n"
|
|
" * The next slide will introduce Tuple structs."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/structs/tuple-structs.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Tuple Structs"
|
|
msgstr "# Tupelstrukturen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/structs/tuple-structs.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "If the field names are unimportant, you can use a tuple struct:"
|
|
msgstr "Wenn die Feldnamen unwichtig sind, können Sie eine Tupelstruktur verwenden:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/structs/tuple-structs.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"struct Point(i32, i32);"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/structs/tuple-structs.md:8
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let p = Point(17, 23);\n"
|
|
" println!(\"({}, {})\", p.0, p.1);\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/structs/tuple-structs.md:14
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "This is often used for single-field wrappers (called newtypes):"
|
|
msgstr "Dies wird häufig für Einzelfeld-Wrapper (genannt Newtypes) verwendet:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/structs/tuple-structs.md:16
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable,compile_fail\n"
|
|
"struct PoundOfForce(f64);\n"
|
|
"struct Newtons(f64);"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/structs/tuple-structs.md:20
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn compute_thruster_force() -> PoundOfForce {\n"
|
|
" todo!(\"Ask a rocket scientist at NASA\")\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"fn compute_thruster_force() -> PoundOfForce {\n"
|
|
" todo! (\"Fragen Sie einen Raketenwissenschaftler bei der NASA\")\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/structs/tuple-structs.md:24
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn set_thruster_force(force: Newtons) {\n"
|
|
" // ...\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"fn set_thruster_force(Kraft: Newton) {\n"
|
|
" // ...\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/structs/tuple-structs.md:28
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let force = compute_thruster_force();\n"
|
|
" set_thruster_force(force);\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/structs/tuple-structs.md:33 src/generics/trait-objects.md:86
|
|
msgid "```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/structs/tuple-structs.md:37
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Newtypes are a great way to encode additional information about the value in a primitive type, for "
|
|
"example:\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Newtypes sind eine großartige Möglichkeit, zusätzliche Informationen über den Wert in einem "
|
|
"primitiven Typ zu codieren, zum Beispiel:\n"
|
|
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" * The number is measured in some units: `Newtons` in the example above.\n"
|
|
" * The value passed some validation when it was created, so you no longer have to validate it "
|
|
"again at every use: 'PhoneNumber(String)` or `OddNumber(u32)`.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"</details>"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" * Die Zahl wird in einigen Einheiten gemessen: „Newton“ im obigen Beispiel.\n"
|
|
" * Der Wert hat bei seiner Erstellung einige Validierungen durchlaufen, sodass Sie ihn nicht mehr "
|
|
"bei jeder Verwendung erneut validieren müssen: 'PhoneNumber(String)' oder 'OddNumber(u32)'.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"</Details>"
|
|
|
|
#: src/structs/field-shorthand.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Field Shorthand Syntax"
|
|
msgstr "# Feld-Kurzsyntax"
|
|
|
|
#: src/structs/field-shorthand.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If you already have variables with the right names, then you can create the\n"
|
|
"struct using a shorthand:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Wenn Sie bereits Variablen mit den richtigen Namen haben, können Sie die erstellen\n"
|
|
"struct mit einer Abkürzung:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/structs/field-shorthand.md:6 src/methods.md:6
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"#[derive(Debug)]\n"
|
|
"struct Person {\n"
|
|
" name: String,\n"
|
|
" age: u8,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/structs/field-shorthand.md:13
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"impl Person {\n"
|
|
" fn new(name: String, age: u8) -> Person {\n"
|
|
" Person { name, age }\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"impl Person {\n"
|
|
" fn new(name: String, age: u8) -> Person {\n"
|
|
" Person { Name, Alter }\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/structs/field-shorthand.md:19
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let peter = Person::new(String::from(\"Peter\"), 27);\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{peter:?}\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/structs/field-shorthand.md:27
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `new` function could be written using `Self` as a type, as it is interchangeable with the "
|
|
"struct type name"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Die „neue“ Funktion könnte unter Verwendung von „Self“ als Typ geschrieben werden, da sie mit dem "
|
|
"Namen des Strukturtyps austauschbar ist"
|
|
|
|
#: src/structs/field-shorthand.md:29
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,ignore\n"
|
|
"impl Person {\n"
|
|
" fn new(name: String, age: u8) -> Self {\n"
|
|
" Self { name, age }\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"</details>"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/enums.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Enums"
|
|
msgstr "# Aufzählungen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/enums.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `enum` keyword allows the creation of a type which has a few\n"
|
|
"different variants:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Das Schlüsselwort „enum“ ermöglicht die Erstellung eines Typs, der mehrere hat\n"
|
|
"verschiedene Varianten:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/enums.md:6
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn generate_random_number() -> i32 {\n"
|
|
" 4 // Chosen by fair dice roll. Guaranteed to be random.\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/enums.md:11
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"#[derive(Debug)]\n"
|
|
"enum CoinFlip {\n"
|
|
" Heads,\n"
|
|
" Tails,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"#[ableiten(Debuggen)]\n"
|
|
"enum CoinFlip {\n"
|
|
" Köpfe,\n"
|
|
" Schwänze,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/enums.md:17
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn flip_coin() -> CoinFlip {\n"
|
|
" let random_number = generate_random_number();\n"
|
|
" if random_number % 2 == 0 {\n"
|
|
" return CoinFlip::Heads;\n"
|
|
" } else {\n"
|
|
" return CoinFlip::Tails;\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/enums.md:26
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"You got: {:?}\", flip_coin());\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/enums.md:31
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Key Points:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Wichtige Punkte:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/enums.md:35
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Enumerations allow you to collect a set of values under one type\n"
|
|
"* This page offers an enum type `CoinFlip` with two variants `Heads` and `Tail`. You might note "
|
|
"the namespace when using variants.\n"
|
|
"* This might be a good time to compare Structs and Enums:\n"
|
|
" * In both, you can have a simple version without fields (unit struct) or one with different "
|
|
"types of fields (variant payloads). \n"
|
|
" * In both, associated functions are defined within an `impl` block.\n"
|
|
" * You could even implement the different variants of an enum with separate structs but then they "
|
|
"wouldn’t be the same type as they would if they were all defined in an enum. \n"
|
|
"</details>"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Aufzählungen ermöglichen es Ihnen, eine Reihe von Werten unter einem Typ zu sammeln\n"
|
|
"* Diese Seite bietet einen Aufzählungstyp `CoinFlip` mit zwei Varianten `Heads` und `Tail`. "
|
|
"Beachten Sie bei der Verwendung von Varianten möglicherweise den Namensraum.\n"
|
|
"* Dies könnte ein guter Zeitpunkt sein, um Structs und Enums zu vergleichen:\n"
|
|
" * In beiden Fällen können Sie eine einfache Version ohne Felder (unit struct) oder eine mit "
|
|
"unterschiedlichen Feldtypen (variant payloads) haben.\n"
|
|
" * In beiden werden zugehörige Funktionen innerhalb eines `impl`-Blocks definiert.\n"
|
|
" * Sie könnten sogar die verschiedenen Varianten einer Aufzählung mit separaten Structs "
|
|
"implementieren, aber dann wären sie nicht vom gleichen Typ, wie wenn sie alle in einer Aufzählung "
|
|
"definiert wären.\n"
|
|
"</details>"
|
|
|
|
#: src/enums/variant-payloads.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Variant Payloads"
|
|
msgstr "# Variantennutzlasten"
|
|
|
|
#: src/enums/variant-payloads.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You can define richer enums where the variants carry data. You can then use the\n"
|
|
"`match` statement to extract the data from each variant:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Sie können reichhaltigere Aufzählungen definieren, bei denen die Varianten Daten enthalten. Sie "
|
|
"können dann die verwenden\n"
|
|
"`match`-Anweisung, um die Daten aus jeder Variante zu extrahieren:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/enums/variant-payloads.md:6
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"enum WebEvent {\n"
|
|
" PageLoad, // Variant without payload\n"
|
|
" KeyPress(char), // Tuple struct variant\n"
|
|
" Click { x: i64, y: i64 }, // Full struct variant\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/enums/variant-payloads.md:13
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"#[rustfmt::skip]\n"
|
|
"fn inspect(event: WebEvent) {\n"
|
|
" match event {\n"
|
|
" WebEvent::PageLoad => println!(\"page loaded\"),\n"
|
|
" WebEvent::KeyPress(c) => println!(\"pressed '{c}'\"),\n"
|
|
" WebEvent::Click { x, y } => println!(\"clicked at x={x}, y={y}\"),\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"#[rustfmt::skip]\n"
|
|
"fn inspect(event: WebEvent) {\n"
|
|
" Spielereignis {\n"
|
|
" WebEvent::PageLoad => println!(\"Seite geladen\"),\n"
|
|
" WebEvent::KeyPress(c) => println!(\"pressed '{c}'\"),\n"
|
|
" WebEvent::Click { x, y } => println!(\"clicked at x={x}, y={y}\"),\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/enums/variant-payloads.md:22
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let load = WebEvent::PageLoad;\n"
|
|
" let press = WebEvent::KeyPress('x');\n"
|
|
" let click = WebEvent::Click { x: 20, y: 80 };"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/enums/variant-payloads.md:27
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" inspect(load);\n"
|
|
" inspect(press);\n"
|
|
" inspect(click);\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/enums/variant-payloads.md:35
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* In the above example, accessing the `char` in `KeyPress`, or `x` and `y` in `Click` only works "
|
|
"within a `match` statement.\n"
|
|
"* `match` inspects a hidden discriminant field in the `enum`.\n"
|
|
"* `WebEvent::Click { ... }` is not exactly the same as `WebEvent::Click(Click)` with a top level "
|
|
"`struct Click { ... }`. The inlined version cannot implement traits, for example."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Im obigen Beispiel funktioniert der Zugriff auf „char“ in „KeyPress“ oder „x“ und „y“ in „Click“ "
|
|
"nur innerhalb einer „match“-Anweisung.\n"
|
|
"* „match“ untersucht ein verstecktes Diskriminanzfeld in „enum“.\n"
|
|
"* `WebEvent::Click { ... }` ist nicht genau dasselbe wie `WebEvent::Click(Click)` mit einem Top-"
|
|
"Level-`struct Click { ... }`. Die Inline-Version kann beispielsweise keine Traits implementieren."
|
|
|
|
#: src/enums/sizes.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Enum Sizes"
|
|
msgstr "# Aufzählungsgrößen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/enums/sizes.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Rust enums are packed tightly, taking constraints due to alignment into account:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust-Aufzählungen sind dicht gepackt, wobei Einschränkungen aufgrund der Ausrichtung "
|
|
"berücksichtigt werden:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/enums/sizes.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"use std::mem::{align_of, size_of};"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/enums/sizes.md:8
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"macro_rules! dbg_size {\n"
|
|
" ($t:ty) => {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{}: size {} bytes, align: {} bytes\",\n"
|
|
" stringify!($t), size_of::<$t>(), align_of::<$t>());\n"
|
|
" };\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/enums/sizes.md:15
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"enum Foo {\n"
|
|
" A,\n"
|
|
" B,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Aufzählung Foo {\n"
|
|
" A,\n"
|
|
" B,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/enums/sizes.md:20
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"#[repr(u32)]\n"
|
|
"enum Bar {\n"
|
|
" A, // 0\n"
|
|
" B = 10000,\n"
|
|
" C, // 10001\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"#[repr(u32)]\n"
|
|
"Aufzählungsbalken {\n"
|
|
" A, // 0\n"
|
|
" B = 10000,\n"
|
|
" C, // 10001\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/enums/sizes.md:27
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" dbg_size!(Foo);\n"
|
|
" dbg_size!(Bar);\n"
|
|
" dbg_size!(bool);\n"
|
|
" dbg_size!(Option<bool>);\n"
|
|
" dbg_size!(&i32);\n"
|
|
" dbg_size!(Option<&i32>);\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/enums/sizes.md:37
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* See the [Rust Reference](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/type-layout.html)."
|
|
msgstr "* Siehe die [Rust-Referenz] (https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/type-layout.html)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/enums/sizes.md:39
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" * Internally Rust is using a field (discriminant) to keep track of the enum variant.\n"
|
|
" * `Bar` enum demonstrates that there is a way to control the discriminant value and type. If "
|
|
"`repr` is removed, the discriminant type takes 2 bytes, becuase 10001 fits 2 bytes.\n"
|
|
" * As a niche optimization an enum discriminant is merged with the pointer so that `Option<&Foo>` "
|
|
"is the same size as `&Foo`.\n"
|
|
" * `Option<bool>` is another example of tight packing.\n"
|
|
" * For [some types](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/option/#representation), Rust guarantees that "
|
|
"`size_of::<T>()` equals `size_of::<Option<T>>()`.\n"
|
|
" * Zero-sized types allow for efficient implementation of `HashSet` using `HashMap` with `()` as "
|
|
"the value."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" * Rust verwendet intern ein Feld (Discriminant), um die Enum-Variante zu verfolgen.\n"
|
|
" * `Bar` enum demonstriert, dass es eine Möglichkeit gibt, den Diskriminanzwert und -typ zu "
|
|
"steuern. Wenn \"repr\" entfernt wird, nimmt der Diskriminantentyp 2 Bytes ein, da 10001 auf 2 "
|
|
"Bytes passt.\n"
|
|
" * Als Nischenoptimierung wird eine Enum-Diskriminante mit dem Zeiger zusammengeführt, sodass "
|
|
"`Option<&Foo>` die gleiche Größe wie `&Foo` hat.\n"
|
|
" * `Option<bool>` ist ein weiteres Beispiel für Tight Packing.\n"
|
|
" * Für [einige Typen](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/option/#representation) garantiert Rust, dass "
|
|
"„size_of::<T>()“ gleich „size_of::<Option<T>“ ist >()`.\n"
|
|
" * Typen mit der Größe Null ermöglichen eine effiziente Implementierung von `HashSet` unter "
|
|
"Verwendung von `HashMap` mit `()` als Wert."
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust allows you to associate functions with your new types. You do this with an\n"
|
|
"`impl` block:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Mit Rust können Sie Ihren neuen Typen Funktionen zuordnen. Das machst du mit einem\n"
|
|
"`impl`-Block:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods.md:13
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"impl Person {\n"
|
|
" fn say_hello(&self) {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"Hello, my name is {}\", self.name);\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods.md:19
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let peter = Person {\n"
|
|
" name: String::from(\"Peter\"),\n"
|
|
" age: 27,\n"
|
|
" };\n"
|
|
" peter.say_hello();\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods.md:30
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* It can be helpful to introduce methods by comparing them to functions.\n"
|
|
" * Methods are called on an instance of a type (such as a struct or enum), the first parameter "
|
|
"represents the instance as `self`.\n"
|
|
" * Developers may choose to use methods to take advantage of method receiver syntax and to help "
|
|
"keep them more organized. By using methods we can keep all the implementation code in one "
|
|
"predictable place.\n"
|
|
"* Point out the use of the keyword `self`, a method receiver. \n"
|
|
" * Show that it is an abbreviated term for `self:&Self` and perhaps show how the struct name "
|
|
"could also be used. \n"
|
|
" * Explain that Self is a type alias for the type the `impl` block is in and can be used "
|
|
"elsewhere in the block.\n"
|
|
" * Note how self is used like other structs and dot notation can be used to refer to individual "
|
|
"fields.\n"
|
|
" * This might be a good time to demonstrate how the `&self` differs from `self` by modifying the "
|
|
"code and trying to run say_hello twice. \n"
|
|
"* We describe the distinction between method receivers next.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"</details>"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Es kann hilfreich sein, Methoden einzuführen, indem man sie mit Funktionen vergleicht.\n"
|
|
" * Methoden werden für eine Instanz eines Typs aufgerufen (z. B. eine Struktur oder Aufzählung), "
|
|
"der erste Parameter repräsentiert die Instanz als „self“.\n"
|
|
" * Entwickler können sich dafür entscheiden, Methoden zu verwenden, um die "
|
|
"Methodenempfängersyntax zu nutzen und sie besser organisiert zu halten. Durch die Verwendung von "
|
|
"Methoden können wir den gesamten Implementierungscode an einem vorhersehbaren Ort aufbewahren.\n"
|
|
"* Weisen Sie auf die Verwendung des Schlüsselworts „self“ hin, einem Methodenempfänger.\n"
|
|
" * Zeigen Sie, dass es sich um eine Abkürzung für `self:&Self` handelt und zeigen Sie vielleicht, "
|
|
"wie der Strukturname auch verwendet werden könnte.\n"
|
|
" * Erklären Sie, dass Self ein Typ-Alias für den Typ ist, in dem sich der „impl“-Block befindet, "
|
|
"und an anderer Stelle im Block verwendet werden kann.\n"
|
|
" * Beachten Sie, dass self wie andere Strukturen verwendet wird und die Punktnotation verwendet "
|
|
"werden kann, um auf einzelne Felder zu verweisen.\n"
|
|
" * Dies könnte ein guter Zeitpunkt sein, um zu demonstrieren, wie sich `&self` von `self` "
|
|
"unterscheidet, indem Sie den Code ändern und versuchen, say_hello zweimal auszuführen.\n"
|
|
"* Als nächstes beschreiben wir die Unterscheidung zwischen Methodenempfängern.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"</details>"
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods/receiver.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Method Receiver"
|
|
msgstr "# Methodenempfänger"
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods/receiver.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `&self` above indicates that the method borrows the object immutably. There\n"
|
|
"are other possible receivers for a method:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Das obige `&self` gibt an, dass die Methode das Objekt unveränderlich ausleiht. Dort\n"
|
|
"sind weitere mögliche Empfänger für eine Methode:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods/receiver.md:6
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* `&self`: borrows the object from the caller using a shared and immutable\n"
|
|
" reference. The object can be used again afterwards.\n"
|
|
"* `&mut self`: borrows the object from the caller using a unique and mutable\n"
|
|
" reference. The object can be used again afterwards.\n"
|
|
"* `self`: takes ownership of the object and moves it away from the caller. The\n"
|
|
" method becomes the owner of the object. The object will be dropped (deallocated)\n"
|
|
" when the method returns, unless its ownership is explicitly\n"
|
|
" transmitted.\n"
|
|
"* `mut self`: same as above, but while the method owns the object, it can\n"
|
|
" mutate it too. Complete ownership does not automatically mean mutability.\n"
|
|
"* No receiver: this becomes a static method on the struct. Typically used to\n"
|
|
" create constructors which are called `new` by convention."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* `&self`: leiht sich das Objekt vom Aufrufer unter Verwendung eines Shared und Immutable\n"
|
|
" Referenz. Das Objekt kann danach wieder verwendet werden.\n"
|
|
"* `&mut self`: leiht sich das Objekt vom Aufrufer unter Verwendung eines Unique und Mutable\n"
|
|
" Referenz. Das Objekt kann danach wieder verwendet werden.\n"
|
|
"* `self`: übernimmt den Besitz des Objekts und verschiebt es vom Aufrufer weg. Der\n"
|
|
" Die Methode wird Eigentümer des Objekts. Das Objekt wird gelöscht (deallocated)\n"
|
|
" wenn die Methode zurückkehrt, es sei denn, ihr Besitz ist explizit\n"
|
|
" übermittelt.\n"
|
|
"* `mut self`: wie oben, aber während die Methode das Objekt besitzt, kann sie es\n"
|
|
" mutiere es auch. Vollständiges Eigentum bedeutet nicht automatisch Wandelbarkeit.\n"
|
|
"* Kein Empfänger: Dies wird zu einer statischen Methode für die Struktur. Typischerweise gewohnt\n"
|
|
" Erstellen Sie Konstruktoren, die per Konvention \"neu\" genannt werden."
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods/receiver.md:19
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Beyond variants on `self`, there are also\n"
|
|
"[special wrapper types](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/special-types-and-traits.html)\n"
|
|
"allowed to be receiver types, such as `Box<Self>`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Neben Varianten von „self“ gibt es auch\n"
|
|
"[spezielle Wrapper-Typen](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/special-types-and-traits.html)\n"
|
|
"dürfen Empfängertypen sein, wie z. B. `Box<Self>`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods/receiver.md:23
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Consider emphasizing on \"shared and immutable\" and \"unique and mutable\". These constraints "
|
|
"always come\n"
|
|
"together in Rust due to borrow checker rules, and `self` is no exception. It won't be possible to\n"
|
|
"reference a struct from multiple locations and call a mutating (`&mut self`) method on it.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"</details>"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Erwägen Sie, die Betonung auf „gemeinsam und unveränderlich“ und „einzigartig und veränderlich“ zu "
|
|
"legen. Diese Einschränkungen kommen immer\n"
|
|
"zusammen in Rust aufgrund der Borrow-Checker-Regeln, und `self` ist keine Ausnahme. Es wird nicht "
|
|
"möglich sein\n"
|
|
"Verweisen Sie auf eine Struktur von mehreren Stellen und rufen Sie eine Mutationsmethode (`&mut "
|
|
"self`) darauf auf.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"</details>"
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods/example.md:1 src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Example"
|
|
msgstr "# Beispiel"
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods/example.md:3
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"#[derive(Debug)]\n"
|
|
"struct Race {\n"
|
|
" name: String,\n"
|
|
" laps: Vec<i32>,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods/example.md:10
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"impl Race {\n"
|
|
" fn new(name: &str) -> Race { // No receiver, a static method\n"
|
|
" Race { name: String::from(name), laps: Vec::new() }\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"impl Rennen {\n"
|
|
" fn new(name: &str) -> Race { // Kein Empfänger, eine statische Methode\n"
|
|
" Rennen { Name: String::from(Name), Runden: Vec::new() }\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods/example.md:15
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" fn add_lap(&mut self, lap: i32) { // Exclusive borrowed read-write access to self\n"
|
|
" self.laps.push(lap);\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods/example.md:19
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" fn print_laps(&self) { // Shared and read-only borrowed access to self\n"
|
|
" println!(\"Recorded {} laps for {}:\", self.laps.len(), self.name);\n"
|
|
" for (idx, lap) in self.laps.iter().enumerate() {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"Lap {idx}: {lap} sec\");\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods/example.md:26
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" fn finish(self) { // Exclusive ownership of self\n"
|
|
" let total = self.laps.iter().sum::<i32>();\n"
|
|
" println!(\"Race {} is finished, total lap time: {}\", self.name, total);\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods/example.md:32
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let mut race = Race::new(\"Monaco Grand Prix\");\n"
|
|
" race.add_lap(70);\n"
|
|
" race.add_lap(68);\n"
|
|
" race.print_laps();\n"
|
|
" race.add_lap(71);\n"
|
|
" race.print_laps();\n"
|
|
" race.finish();\n"
|
|
" // race.add_lap(42);\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods/example.md:44
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* All four methods here use a different method receiver.\n"
|
|
" * You can point out how that changes what the function can do with the variable values and if/"
|
|
"how it can be used again in `main`.\n"
|
|
" * You can showcase the error that appears when trying to call `finish` twice.\n"
|
|
"* Note, that although the method receivers are different, the non-static functions are called the "
|
|
"same way in the main body. Rust enables automatic referencing and dereferencing when calling "
|
|
"methods. Rust automatically adds in the `&`, `*`, `muts` so that that object matches the method "
|
|
"signature.\n"
|
|
"* You might point out that `print_laps` is using a vector that is iterated over. We describe "
|
|
"vectors in more detail in the afternoon. "
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Alle vier Methoden hier verwenden einen anderen Methodenempfänger.\n"
|
|
" * Sie können darauf hinweisen, wie sich das ändert, was die Funktion mit den Variablenwerten "
|
|
"machen kann und ob/wie sie wieder in `main` verwendet werden kann.\n"
|
|
" * Sie können den Fehler zeigen, der auftritt, wenn Sie versuchen, zweimal „finish“ aufzurufen.\n"
|
|
"* Beachten Sie, dass, obwohl die Methodenempfänger unterschiedlich sind, die nicht statischen "
|
|
"Funktionen im Hauptteil auf die gleiche Weise aufgerufen werden. Rust ermöglicht die automatische "
|
|
"Referenzierung und Dereferenzierung beim Methodenaufruf. Rust fügt automatisch die `&`, `*`, "
|
|
"`muts` hinzu, sodass dieses Objekt mit der Methodensignatur übereinstimmt.\n"
|
|
"* Sie könnten darauf hinweisen, dass `print_laps` einen Vektor verwendet, der iteriert wird. Am "
|
|
"Nachmittag beschreiben wir Vektoren genauer."
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Pattern Matching"
|
|
msgstr "# Musterabgleich"
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `match` keyword let you match a value against one or more _patterns_. The\n"
|
|
"comparisons are done from top to bottom and the first match wins."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Mit dem Schlüsselwort „match“ können Sie einen Wert mit einem oder mehreren _Mustern_ abgleichen. "
|
|
"Der\n"
|
|
"Vergleiche werden von oben nach unten durchgeführt und das erste Match gewinnt."
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching.md:6
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "The patterns can be simple values, similarly to `switch` in C and C++:"
|
|
msgstr "Die Muster können einfache Werte sein, ähnlich wie `switch` in C und C++:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching.md:8
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let input = 'x';"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching.md:12
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" match input {\n"
|
|
" 'q' => println!(\"Quitting\"),\n"
|
|
" 'a' | 's' | 'w' | 'd' => println!(\"Moving around\"),\n"
|
|
" '0'..='9' => println!(\"Number input\"),\n"
|
|
" _ => println!(\"Something else\"),\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching.md:21
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "The `_` pattern is a wildcard pattern which matches any value."
|
|
msgstr "Das `_`-Muster ist ein Platzhaltermuster, das jedem Wert entspricht."
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching.md:23
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* You might point out how some specific characters are being used when in a pattern\n"
|
|
" * `|` as an `or`\n"
|
|
" * `..` can expand as much as it needs to be\n"
|
|
" * `1..=5` represents an inclusive range\n"
|
|
" * `_` is a wild card\n"
|
|
"* It can be useful to show how binding works, by for instance replacing a wildcard character with "
|
|
"a variable, or removing the quotes around `q`.\n"
|
|
"* You can demonstrate matching on a reference.\n"
|
|
"* This might be a good time to bring up the concept of irrefutable patterns, as the term can show "
|
|
"up in error messages.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"</details>"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Sie können darauf hinweisen, wie bestimmte Zeichen in einem Muster verwendet werden\n"
|
|
" * `|` als `oder`\n"
|
|
" * `..` kann beliebig erweitert werden\n"
|
|
" * „1..=5“ steht für einen inklusiven Bereich\n"
|
|
" * „_“ ist ein Platzhalter\n"
|
|
"* Es kann nützlich sein, zu zeigen, wie die Bindung funktioniert, indem Sie zum Beispiel ein "
|
|
"Platzhalterzeichen durch eine Variable ersetzen oder die Anführungszeichen um `q` entfernen.\n"
|
|
"* Sie können die Übereinstimmung anhand einer Referenz nachweisen.\n"
|
|
"* Dies könnte ein guter Zeitpunkt sein, um das Konzept der unwiderlegbaren Muster anzusprechen, da "
|
|
"der Begriff in Fehlermeldungen auftauchen kann.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"</Details>"
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring-enums.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Destructuring Enums"
|
|
msgstr "# Destrukturierung von Enums"
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring-enums.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Patterns can also be used to bind variables to parts of your values. This is how\n"
|
|
"you inspect the structure of your types. Let us start with a simple `enum` type:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Muster können auch verwendet werden, um Variablen an Teile Ihrer Werte zu binden. Das ist wie\n"
|
|
"Sie inspizieren die Struktur Ihrer Typen. Beginnen wir mit einem einfachen `enum`-Typ:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring-enums.md:6
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"enum Result {\n"
|
|
" Ok(i32),\n"
|
|
" Err(String),\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring-enums.md:12
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn divide_in_two(n: i32) -> Result {\n"
|
|
" if n % 2 == 0 {\n"
|
|
" Result::Ok(n / 2)\n"
|
|
" } else {\n"
|
|
" Result::Err(format!(\"cannot divide {} into two equal parts\", n))\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"fn divide_in_two(n: i32) -> Ergebnis {\n"
|
|
" wenn n % 2 == 0 {\n"
|
|
" Ergebnis::Okay(n / 2)\n"
|
|
" } anders {\n"
|
|
" Ergebnis::Err(format!(\"kann {} nicht in zwei gleiche Teile teilen\", n))\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring-enums.md:20
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let n = 100;\n"
|
|
" match divide_in_two(n) {\n"
|
|
" Result::Ok(half) => println!(\"{n} divided in two is {half}\"),\n"
|
|
" Result::Err(msg) => println!(\"sorry, an error happened: {msg}\"),\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring-enums.md:29
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Here we have used the arms to _destructure_ the `Result` value. In the first\n"
|
|
"arm, `half` is bound to the value inside the `Ok` variant. In the second arm,\n"
|
|
"`msg` is bound to the error message."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Hier haben wir die Arme verwendet, um den „Result“-Wert zu _destrukturieren_. In der ersten\n"
|
|
"arm, `half` ist an den Wert innerhalb der `Ok`-Variante gebunden. Im zweiten Arm,\n"
|
|
"`msg` wird an die Fehlermeldung gebunden."
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring-enums.md:35
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* The `if`/`else` expression is returning an enum that is later unpacked with a `match`.\n"
|
|
"* You can try adding a third variant to the enum definition and displaying the errors when running "
|
|
"the code. Point out the places where your code is now inexhaustive and how the compiler trys to "
|
|
"give you hints."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Der `if`/`else`-Ausdruck gibt eine Aufzählung zurück, die später mit einem `match` entpackt "
|
|
"wird.\n"
|
|
"* Sie können versuchen, der Enum-Definition eine dritte Variante hinzuzufügen und die Fehler beim "
|
|
"Ausführen des Codes anzuzeigen. Weisen Sie auf die Stellen hin, an denen Ihr Code jetzt "
|
|
"unerschöpflich ist und wie der Compiler versucht, Ihnen Hinweise zu geben."
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring-structs.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Destructuring Structs"
|
|
msgstr "# Destrukturierende Strukturen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring-structs.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "You can also destructure `structs`:"
|
|
msgstr "Sie können `structs` auch destrukturieren:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring-structs.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"struct Foo {\n"
|
|
" x: (u32, u32),\n"
|
|
" y: u32,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring-structs.md:11
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"#[rustfmt::skip]\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let foo = Foo { x: (1, 2), y: 3 };\n"
|
|
" match foo {\n"
|
|
" Foo { x: (1, b), y } => println!(\"x.0 = 1, b = {b}, y = {y}\"),\n"
|
|
" Foo { y: 2, x: i } => println!(\"y = 2, i = {i:?}\"),\n"
|
|
" Foo { y, .. } => println!(\"y = {y}, other fields were ignored\"),\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring-arrays.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Destructuring Arrays"
|
|
msgstr "# Destrukturieren von Arrays"
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring-arrays.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "You can destructure arrays, tuples, and slices by matching on their elements:"
|
|
msgstr "Sie können Arrays, Tupel und Slices destrukturieren, indem Sie ihre Elemente abgleichen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring-arrays.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"#[rustfmt::skip]\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let triple = [0, -2, 3];\n"
|
|
" println!(\"Tell me about {triple:?}\");\n"
|
|
" match triple {\n"
|
|
" [0, y, z] => println!(\"First is 0, y = {y}, and z = {z}\"),\n"
|
|
" [1, ..] => println!(\"First is 1 and the rest were ignored\"),\n"
|
|
" _ => println!(\"All elements were ignored\"),\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/match-guards.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Match Guards"
|
|
msgstr "# Match Guards"
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/match-guards.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"When matching, you can add a _guard_ to a pattern. This is an arbitrary Boolean\n"
|
|
"expression which will be executed if the pattern matches:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Beim Abgleich können Sie einem Muster einen _Wächter_ hinzufügen. Dies ist ein beliebiger "
|
|
"boolescher Wert\n"
|
|
"Ausdruck, der ausgeführt wird, wenn das Muster übereinstimmt:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/match-guards.md:6
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"#[rustfmt::skip]\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let pair = (2, -2);\n"
|
|
" println!(\"Tell me about {pair:?}\");\n"
|
|
" match pair {\n"
|
|
" (x, y) if x == y => println!(\"These are twins\"),\n"
|
|
" (x, y) if x + y == 0 => println!(\"Antimatter, kaboom!\"),\n"
|
|
" (x, _) if x % 2 == 1 => println!(\"The first one is odd\"),\n"
|
|
" _ => println!(\"No correlation...\"),\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/match-guards.md:22
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Match guards as a separate syntax feature are important and necessary.\n"
|
|
"* They are not the same as separate `if` expression inside of the match arm. An `if` expression "
|
|
"inside of the branch block (after `=>`) happens after the match arm is selected. Failing the `if` "
|
|
"condition inside of that block won't result in other arms\n"
|
|
"of the original `match` expression being considered. \n"
|
|
"* You can use the variables defined in the pattern in your if expression.\n"
|
|
"* The condition defined in the guard applies to every expression in a pattern with an `|`.\n"
|
|
"</details>"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Match Guards als separates Syntax-Feature sind wichtig und notwendig.\n"
|
|
"* Sie sind nicht dasselbe wie ein separater „if“-Ausdruck innerhalb des Match-Arms. Ein „if“-"
|
|
"Ausdruck innerhalb des Verzweigungsblocks (nach „=>“) erfolgt, nachdem der Match-Arm ausgewählt "
|
|
"wurde. Wenn die 'if'-Bedingung innerhalb dieses Blocks nicht bestanden wird, führt dies nicht zu "
|
|
"anderen Armen\n"
|
|
"des betrachteten ursprünglichen \"Match\"-Ausdrucks.\n"
|
|
"* Sie können die im Muster definierten Variablen in Ihrem if-Ausdruck verwenden.\n"
|
|
"* Die im Guard definierte Bedingung gilt für jeden Ausdruck in einem Muster mit einem `|`.\n"
|
|
"</details>"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/morning.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Day 2: Morning Exercises"
|
|
msgstr "# Tag 2: Morgengymnastik"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/morning.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "We will look at implementing methods in two contexts:"
|
|
msgstr "Wir werden Implementierungsmethoden in zwei Kontexten betrachten:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/morning.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* Simple struct which tracks health statistics."
|
|
msgstr "* Einfache Struktur, die Gesundheitsstatistiken verfolgt."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/morning.md:7
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* Multiple structs and enums for a drawing library."
|
|
msgstr "* Mehrere Strukturen und Aufzählungen für eine Zeichnungsbibliothek."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/health-statistics.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Health Statistics"
|
|
msgstr "# Gesundheitsstatistik"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/health-statistics.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You're working on implementing a health-monitoring system. As part of that, you\n"
|
|
"need to keep track of users' health statistics."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Sie arbeiten an der Implementierung eines Gesundheitsüberwachungssystems. Als Teil davon Sie\n"
|
|
"müssen die Gesundheitsstatistiken der Benutzer verfolgen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/health-statistics.md:6
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You'll start with some stubbed functions in an `impl` block as well as a `User`\n"
|
|
"struct definition. Your goal is to implement the stubbed out methods on the\n"
|
|
"`User` `struct` defined in the `impl` block."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Sie beginnen mit einigen Stub-Funktionen in einem `impl`-Block sowie einem `User`\n"
|
|
"Strukturdefinition. Ihr Ziel ist es, die Stubbed-out-Methoden auf dem zu implementieren\n"
|
|
"`User` `struct` definiert im `impl` Block."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/health-statistics.md:10
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Copy the code below to <https://play.rust-lang.org/> and fill in the missing\n"
|
|
"methods:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Kopieren Sie den folgenden Code nach <https://play.rust-lang.org/> und füllen Sie die fehlenden "
|
|
"aus\n"
|
|
"Methoden:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/health-statistics.md:17
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"struct User {\n"
|
|
" name: String,\n"
|
|
" age: u32,\n"
|
|
" weight: f32,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Struktur Benutzer {\n"
|
|
" Name: Zeichenfolge,\n"
|
|
" Alter: u32,\n"
|
|
" Gewicht: f32,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/health-statistics.md:23
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"impl User {\n"
|
|
" pub fn new(name: String, age: u32, weight: f32) -> Self {\n"
|
|
" unimplemented!()\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"impl Benutzer {\n"
|
|
" pub fn new(name: String, age: u32, weight: f32) -> Self {\n"
|
|
" nicht implementiert!()\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/health-statistics.md:28
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" pub fn name(&self) -> &str {\n"
|
|
" unimplemented!()\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" pub fn name(&self) -> &str {\n"
|
|
" nicht implementiert!()\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/health-statistics.md:32
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" pub fn age(&self) -> u32 {\n"
|
|
" unimplemented!()\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" pub fn alter(&selbst) -> u32 {\n"
|
|
" nicht implementiert!()\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/health-statistics.md:36
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" pub fn weight(&self) -> f32 {\n"
|
|
" unimplemented!()\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" pub fn Gewicht(&self) -> f32 {\n"
|
|
" nicht implementiert!()\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/health-statistics.md:40
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" pub fn set_age(&mut self, new_age: u32) {\n"
|
|
" unimplemented!()\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" pub fn set_age(&mut selbst, new_age: u32) {\n"
|
|
" nicht implementiert!()\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/health-statistics.md:44
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" pub fn set_weight(&mut self, new_weight: f32) {\n"
|
|
" unimplemented!()\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" pub fn set_weight(&mut self, new_weight: f32) {\n"
|
|
" nicht implementiert!()\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/health-statistics.md:49
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let bob = User::new(String::from(\"Bob\"), 32, 155.2);\n"
|
|
" println!(\"I'm {} and my age is {}\", bob.name(), bob.age());\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/health-statistics.md:54
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"#[test]\n"
|
|
"fn test_weight() {\n"
|
|
" let bob = User::new(String::from(\"Bob\"), 32, 155.2);\n"
|
|
" assert_eq!(bob.weight(), 155.2);\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/health-statistics.md:60
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"#[test]\n"
|
|
"fn test_set_age() {\n"
|
|
" let mut bob = User::new(String::from(\"Bob\"), 32, 155.2);\n"
|
|
" assert_eq!(bob.age(), 32);\n"
|
|
" bob.set_age(33);\n"
|
|
" assert_eq!(bob.age(), 33);\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/points-polygons.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Polygon Struct"
|
|
msgstr "# Polygonstruktur"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/points-polygons.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"We will create a `Polygon` struct which contain some points. Copy the code below\n"
|
|
"to <https://play.rust-lang.org/> and fill in the missing methods to make the\n"
|
|
"tests pass:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Wir werden eine \"Polygon\"-Struktur erstellen, die einige Punkte enthält. Kopieren Sie den Code "
|
|
"unten\n"
|
|
"zu <https://play.rust-lang.org/> und füllen Sie die fehlenden Methoden aus, um die\n"
|
|
"Tests bestehen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/points-polygons.md:7 src/exercises/day-2/luhn.md:23
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/strings-iterators.md:12
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust\n"
|
|
"// TODO: remove this when you're done with your implementation.\n"
|
|
"#![allow(unused_variables, dead_code)]"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/points-polygons.md:11
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"pub struct Point {\n"
|
|
" // add fields\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"pub struct Punkt {\n"
|
|
" // Felder hinzufügen\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/points-polygons.md:15
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"impl Point {\n"
|
|
" // add methods\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"impl Punkt {\n"
|
|
" // Methoden hinzufügen\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/points-polygons.md:19
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"pub struct Polygon {\n"
|
|
" // add fields\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"pub struct Polygon {\n"
|
|
" // Felder hinzufügen\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/points-polygons.md:23
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"impl Polygon {\n"
|
|
" // add methods\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"impl Polygon {\n"
|
|
" // Methoden hinzufügen\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/points-polygons.md:27
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"pub struct Circle {\n"
|
|
" // add fields\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"pub struct Kreis {\n"
|
|
" // Felder hinzufügen\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/points-polygons.md:31
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"impl Circle {\n"
|
|
" // add methods\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"impl Kreis {\n"
|
|
" // Methoden hinzufügen\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/points-polygons.md:35
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"pub enum Shape {\n"
|
|
" Polygon(Polygon),\n"
|
|
" Circle(Circle),\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Pub-Aufzählung Form {\n"
|
|
" Vieleck(Vieleck),\n"
|
|
" Kreis (Kreis),\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/points-polygons.md:40 src/testing/test-modules.md:15
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"#[cfg(test)]\n"
|
|
"mod tests {\n"
|
|
" use super::*;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/points-polygons.md:44 src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:165
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" fn round_two_digits(x: f64) -> f64 {\n"
|
|
" (x * 100.0).round() / 100.0\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" fn round_two_digits(x: f64) -> f64 {\n"
|
|
" (x * 100.0).round() / 100.0\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/points-polygons.md:48 src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:169
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" #[test]\n"
|
|
" fn test_point_magnitude() {\n"
|
|
" let p1 = Point::new(12, 13);\n"
|
|
" assert_eq!(round_two_digits(p1.magnitude()), 17.69);\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/points-polygons.md:54 src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:175
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" #[test]\n"
|
|
" fn test_point_dist() {\n"
|
|
" let p1 = Point::new(10, 10);\n"
|
|
" let p2 = Point::new(14, 13);\n"
|
|
" assert_eq!(round_two_digits(p1.dist(p2)), 5.00);\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/points-polygons.md:61 src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:182
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" #[test]\n"
|
|
" fn test_point_add() {\n"
|
|
" let p1 = Point::new(16, 16);\n"
|
|
" let p2 = p1 + Point::new(-4, 3);\n"
|
|
" assert_eq!(p2, Point::new(12, 19));\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/points-polygons.md:68 src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:189
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" #[test]\n"
|
|
" fn test_polygon_left_most_point() {\n"
|
|
" let p1 = Point::new(12, 13);\n"
|
|
" let p2 = Point::new(16, 16);"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/points-polygons.md:73 src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:194
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" let mut poly = Polygon::new();\n"
|
|
" poly.add_point(p1);\n"
|
|
" poly.add_point(p2);\n"
|
|
" assert_eq!(poly.left_most_point(), Some(p1));\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/points-polygons.md:79 src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:200
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" #[test]\n"
|
|
" fn test_polygon_iter() {\n"
|
|
" let p1 = Point::new(12, 13);\n"
|
|
" let p2 = Point::new(16, 16);"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/points-polygons.md:84 src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:205
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" let mut poly = Polygon::new();\n"
|
|
" poly.add_point(p1);\n"
|
|
" poly.add_point(p2);"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/points-polygons.md:88 src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:209
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" let points = poly.iter().cloned().collect::<Vec<_>>();\n"
|
|
" assert_eq!(points, vec![Point::new(12, 13), Point::new(16, 16)]);\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/points-polygons.md:92
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" #[test]\n"
|
|
" fn test_shape_perimeters() {\n"
|
|
" let mut poly = Polygon::new();\n"
|
|
" poly.add_point(Point::new(12, 13));\n"
|
|
" poly.add_point(Point::new(17, 11));\n"
|
|
" poly.add_point(Point::new(16, 16));\n"
|
|
" let shapes = vec![\n"
|
|
" Shape::from(poly),\n"
|
|
" Shape::from(Circle::new(Point::new(10, 20), 5)),\n"
|
|
" ];\n"
|
|
" let perimeters = shapes\n"
|
|
" .iter()\n"
|
|
" .map(Shape::perimeter)\n"
|
|
" .map(round_two_digits)\n"
|
|
" .collect::<Vec<_>>();\n"
|
|
" assert_eq!(perimeters, vec![15.48, 31.42]);\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/points-polygons.md:111 src/exercises/day-2/luhn.md:68
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:233
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"#[allow(dead_code)]\n"
|
|
"fn main() {}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/points-polygons.md:117
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Since the method signatures are missing from the problem statements, the key part\n"
|
|
"of the exercise is to specify those correctly."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Da die Methodensignaturen in den Problembeschreibungen fehlen, ist der Schlüsselteil\n"
|
|
"der Übung ist es, diese richtig anzugeben."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/points-polygons.md:120
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Other interesting parts of the exercise:\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Weitere interessante Teile der Übung:\n"
|
|
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Derive a `Copy` trait for some structs, as in tests the methods sometimes don't borrow their "
|
|
"arguments.\n"
|
|
"* Discover that `Add` trait must be implemented for two objects to be addable via \"+\". "
|
|
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Leiten Sie ein `Copy`-Merkmal für einige Strukturen ab, da die Methoden in Tests ihre Argumente "
|
|
"manchmal nicht ausleihen.\n"
|
|
"* Entdecken Sie, dass die Eigenschaft „Hinzufügen“ implementiert werden muss, damit zwei Objekte "
|
|
"über „+“ hinzugefügt werden können."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Control Flow"
|
|
msgstr "# Kontrollfluss"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"As we have seen, `if` is an expression in Rust. It is used to conditionally\n"
|
|
"evaluate one of two blocks, but the blocks can have a value which then becomes\n"
|
|
"the value of the `if` expression. Other control flow expressions work similarly\n"
|
|
"in Rust."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Wie wir gesehen haben, ist `if` ein Ausdruck in Rust. Es ist bedingt gewohnt\n"
|
|
"einen von zwei Blöcken auswerten, aber die Blöcke können einen Wert haben, der dann wird\n"
|
|
"der Wert des `if`-Ausdrucks. Andere Ablaufsteuerungsausdrücke funktionieren ähnlich\n"
|
|
"in Rost."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/blocks.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Blocks"
|
|
msgstr "# Blöcke"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/blocks.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A block in Rust has a value and a type: the value is the last expression of the\n"
|
|
"block:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ein Block in Rust hat einen Wert und einen Typ: Der Wert ist der letzte Ausdruck der\n"
|
|
"Block:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/blocks.md:6
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let x = {\n"
|
|
" let y = 10;\n"
|
|
" println!(\"y: {y}\");\n"
|
|
" let z = {\n"
|
|
" let w = {\n"
|
|
" 3 + 4\n"
|
|
" };\n"
|
|
" println!(\"w: {w}\");\n"
|
|
" y * w\n"
|
|
" };\n"
|
|
" println!(\"z: {z}\");\n"
|
|
" z - y\n"
|
|
" };\n"
|
|
" println!(\"x: {x}\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/blocks.md:25
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The same rule is used for functions: the value of the function body is the\n"
|
|
"return value:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Die gleiche Regel gilt für Funktionen: Der Wert des Funktionskörpers ist der\n"
|
|
"Rückgabewert:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/blocks.md:28
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn double(x: i32) -> i32 {\n"
|
|
" x + x\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/blocks.md:33
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"doubled: {}\", double(7));\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/blocks.md:38
|
|
msgid "However if the last expression ends with `;`, then the resulting value and type is `()`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/blocks.md:42
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* The point of this slide is to show that blocks have a type and value in Rust. \n"
|
|
"* You can show how the value of the block changes by changing the last line in the block. For "
|
|
"instance, adding/removing a semicolon or using a `return`.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"</details>"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Der Zweck dieser Folie ist es zu zeigen, dass Blöcke in Rust einen Typ und einen Wert haben.\n"
|
|
"* Sie können zeigen, wie sich der Wert des Blocks ändert, indem Sie die letzte Zeile im Block "
|
|
"ändern. Zum Beispiel das Hinzufügen/Entfernen eines Semikolons oder die Verwendung eines "
|
|
"`Return`.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"</Details>"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/if-expressions.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# `if` expressions"
|
|
msgstr "# `if`-Ausdrücke"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/if-expressions.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "You use `if` very similarly to how you would in other languages:"
|
|
msgstr "Sie verwenden \"if\" sehr ähnlich wie in anderen Sprachen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/if-expressions.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let mut x = 10;\n"
|
|
" if x % 2 == 0 {\n"
|
|
" x = x / 2;\n"
|
|
" } else {\n"
|
|
" x = 3 * x + 1;\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/if-expressions.md:16
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "In addition, you can use it as an expression. This does the same as above:"
|
|
msgstr "Darüber hinaus können Sie es als Ausdruck verwenden. Das macht dasselbe wie oben:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/if-expressions.md:18
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let mut x = 10;\n"
|
|
" x = if x % 2 == 0 {\n"
|
|
" x / 2\n"
|
|
" } else {\n"
|
|
" 3 * x + 1\n"
|
|
" };\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/if-expressions.md:31
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Because `if` is an expression and must have a particular type, both of its branch blocks must have "
|
|
"the same type. Consider showing what happens if you add `;` after `x / 2` in the second example.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"</details>"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/if-let-expressions.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# `if let` expressions"
|
|
msgstr "# `if let`-Ausdrücke"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/if-let-expressions.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "If you want to match a value against a pattern, you can use `if let`:"
|
|
msgstr "Wenn Sie einen Wert mit einem Muster abgleichen möchten, können Sie `if let` verwenden:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/if-let-expressions.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let arg = std::env::args().next();\n"
|
|
" if let Some(value) = arg {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"Program name: {value}\");\n"
|
|
" } else {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"Missing name?\");\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/if-let-expressions.md:16 src/control-flow/while-let-expressions.md:21
|
|
#: src/control-flow/match-expressions.md:22
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"See [pattern matching](../pattern-matching.md) for more details on patterns in\n"
|
|
"Rust."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Siehe [pattern matching](../pattern-matching.md) für weitere Details zu Mustern in\n"
|
|
"Rost."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/if-let-expressions.md:21
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* `if let` can be more concise than `match`, e.g., when only one case is interesting. In contrast, "
|
|
"`match` requires all branches to be covered.\n"
|
|
" * For the similar use case consider demonstrating a newly stabilized [`let else`](https://"
|
|
"github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/93628) feature.\n"
|
|
"* A common usage is handling `Some` values when working with `Option`.\n"
|
|
"* Unlike `match`, `if let` does not support guard clauses for pattern matching."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* `if let` kann prägnanter sein als `match`, z. B. wenn nur ein Fall interessant ist. Im Gegensatz "
|
|
"dazu erfordert \"Match\", dass alle Zweige abgedeckt werden.\n"
|
|
" * Ziehen Sie für einen ähnlichen Anwendungsfall in Betracht, eine neu stabilisierte [`let "
|
|
"else`](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/pull/93628)-Funktion zu demonstrieren.\n"
|
|
"* Eine übliche Verwendung ist die Handhabung von `Some`-Werten bei der Arbeit mit `Option`.\n"
|
|
"* Im Gegensatz zu `match` unterstützt `if let` keine Schutzklauseln für den Mustervergleich."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/while-expressions.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# `while` expressions"
|
|
msgstr "# `while`-Ausdrücke"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/while-expressions.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "The `while` keyword works very similar to other languages:"
|
|
msgstr "Das Schlüsselwort „while“ funktioniert sehr ähnlich wie in anderen Sprachen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/while-expressions.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let mut x = 10;\n"
|
|
" while x != 1 {\n"
|
|
" x = if x % 2 == 0 {\n"
|
|
" x / 2\n"
|
|
" } else {\n"
|
|
" 3 * x + 1\n"
|
|
" };\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" println!(\"Final x: {x}\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/while-let-expressions.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# `while let` expressions"
|
|
msgstr "# `while let`-Ausdrücke"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/while-let-expressions.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Like with `if`, there is a `while let` variant which repeatedly tests a value\n"
|
|
"against a pattern:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Wie bei `if` gibt es eine `while let`-Variante, die einen Wert wiederholt testet\n"
|
|
"gegen ein Muster:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/while-let-expressions.md:6
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let v = vec![10, 20, 30];\n"
|
|
" let mut iter = v.into_iter();"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/while-let-expressions.md:11
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" while let Some(x) = iter.next() {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"x: {x}\");\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/while-let-expressions.md:17
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Here the iterator returned by `v.iter()` will return a `Option<i32>` on every\n"
|
|
"call to `next()`. It returns `Some(x)` until it is done, after which it will\n"
|
|
"return `None`. The `while let` lets us keep iterating through all items."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Hier gibt der von `v.iter()` zurückgegebene Iterator bei jedem eine `Option<i32>` zurück\n"
|
|
"Aufruf von `next()`. Es gibt `Some(x)` zurück, bis es fertig ist, danach wird es\n"
|
|
"gibt \"Keine\" zurück. Das `while let` lässt uns alle Elemente durchlaufen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/while-let-expressions.md:27
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Point out that the `while let` loop will keep going as long as the value matches the pattern.\n"
|
|
"* You could rewrite the `while let` loop as an infinite loop with an if statement that breaks when "
|
|
"there is no value to unwrap for `iter.next()`. The `while let` provides syntactic sugar for the "
|
|
"above scenario.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"</details>"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Weisen Sie darauf hin, dass die „while let“-Schleife so lange läuft, wie der Wert mit dem Muster "
|
|
"übereinstimmt.\n"
|
|
"* Sie könnten die „while let“-Schleife als Endlosschleife mit einer if-Anweisung umschreiben, die "
|
|
"abbricht, wenn es keinen Wert zum Auspacken für „iter.next()“ gibt. Das `while let` liefert "
|
|
"syntaktischen Zucker für das obige Szenario.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"</details>"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/for-expressions.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# `for` expressions"
|
|
msgstr "# `for`-Ausdrücke"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/for-expressions.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `for` expression is closely related to the `while let` expression. It will\n"
|
|
"automatically call `into_iter()` on the expression and then iterate over it:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Der „for“-Ausdruck ist eng verwandt mit dem „while let“-Ausdruck. Es wird\n"
|
|
"Rufen Sie automatisch `into_iter()` für den Ausdruck auf und iterieren Sie dann darüber:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/for-expressions.md:6
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let v = vec![10, 20, 30];"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/for-expressions.md:10
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" for x in v {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"x: {x}\");\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
" for i in (0..10).step_by(2) {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"i: {i}\");\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/for-expressions.md:20
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "You can use `break` and `continue` here as usual."
|
|
msgstr "Sie können hier wie gewohnt `break` und `continue` verwenden."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/for-expressions.md:22
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Index iteration is not a special syntax in Rust for just that case.\n"
|
|
"* `(0..10)` is a range that implements an `Iterator` trait. \n"
|
|
"* `step_by` is a method that returns another `Iterator` that skips every other element. \n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"</details>"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Index-Iteration ist in Rust keine spezielle Syntax für genau diesen Fall.\n"
|
|
"* „(0..10)“ ist ein Bereich, der ein „Iterator“-Merkmal implementiert.\n"
|
|
"* „step_by“ ist eine Methode, die einen weiteren „Iterator“ zurückgibt, der jedes andere Element "
|
|
"überspringt.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"</details>"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/loop-expressions.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# `loop` expressions"
|
|
msgstr "# `loop`-Ausdrücke"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/loop-expressions.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Finally, there is a `loop` keyword which creates an endless loop. Here you must\n"
|
|
"either `break` or `return` to stop the loop:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Schließlich gibt es noch ein „loop“-Schlüsselwort, das eine Endlosschleife erzeugt. Hier müssen "
|
|
"Sie\n"
|
|
"entweder `break` oder `return`, um die Schleife zu stoppen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/loop-expressions.md:6
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let mut x = 10;\n"
|
|
" loop {\n"
|
|
" x = if x % 2 == 0 {\n"
|
|
" x / 2\n"
|
|
" } else {\n"
|
|
" 3 * x + 1\n"
|
|
" };\n"
|
|
" if x == 1 {\n"
|
|
" break;\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" println!(\"Final x: {x}\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/match-expressions.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# `match` expressions"
|
|
msgstr "# `Match`-Ausdrücke"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/match-expressions.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `match` keyword is used to match a value against one or more patterns. In\n"
|
|
"that sense, it works like a series of `if let` expressions:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Das Schlüsselwort „match“ wird verwendet, um einen Wert mit einem oder mehreren Mustern "
|
|
"abzugleichen. In\n"
|
|
"In diesem Sinne funktioniert es wie eine Reihe von `if let`-Ausdrücken:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/match-expressions.md:6
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" match std::env::args().next().as_deref() {\n"
|
|
" Some(\"cat\") => println!(\"Will do cat things\"),\n"
|
|
" Some(\"ls\") => println!(\"Will ls some files\"),\n"
|
|
" Some(\"mv\") => println!(\"Let's move some files\"),\n"
|
|
" Some(\"rm\") => println!(\"Uh, dangerous!\"),\n"
|
|
" None => println!(\"Hmm, no program name?\"),\n"
|
|
" _ => println!(\"Unknown program name!\"),\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/match-expressions.md:19
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Like `if let`, each match arm must have the same type. The type is the last\n"
|
|
"expression of the block, if any. In the example above, the type is `()`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Wie bei „if let“ muss jeder Match-Arm denselben Typ haben. Der Typ ist der letzte\n"
|
|
"Ausdruck des Blocks, falls vorhanden. Im obigen Beispiel ist der Typ `()`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/break-continue.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# `break` and `continue`"
|
|
msgstr "# `break` und `continue`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/break-continue.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If you want to exit a loop early, use `break`, if you want to immediately start\n"
|
|
"the next iteration use `continue`. Both `continue` and `break` can optionally\n"
|
|
"take a label argument which is used to break out of nested loops:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Wenn Sie eine Schleife vorzeitig verlassen möchten, verwenden Sie `break`, wenn Sie sofort "
|
|
"beginnen möchten\n"
|
|
"Verwenden Sie für die nächste Iteration \"Continue\". Sowohl `Continue` als auch `Break` können "
|
|
"optional verwendet werden\n"
|
|
"Nehmen Sie ein Label-Argument, das zum Ausbrechen aus verschachtelten Schleifen verwendet wird:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/break-continue.md:7
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let v = vec![10, 20, 30];\n"
|
|
" let mut iter = v.into_iter();\n"
|
|
" 'outer: while let Some(x) = iter.next() {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"x: {x}\");\n"
|
|
" let mut i = 0;\n"
|
|
" while i < x {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"x: {x}, i: {i}\");\n"
|
|
" i += 1;\n"
|
|
" if i == 3 {\n"
|
|
" break 'outer;\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow/break-continue.md:25
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "In this case we break the outer loop after 3 iterations of the inner loop."
|
|
msgstr "In diesem Fall brechen wir die äußere Schleife nach 3 Iterationen der inneren Schleife."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Standard Library"
|
|
msgstr "# Standardbibliothek"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust comes with a standard library which helps establish a set of common types\n"
|
|
"used by Rust library and programs. This way, two libraries can work together\n"
|
|
"smoothly because they both use the same `String` type."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust wird mit einer Standardbibliothek geliefert, die dabei hilft, eine Reihe gängiger Typen zu "
|
|
"erstellen\n"
|
|
"Wird von Rust-Bibliotheken und -Programmen verwendet. Auf diese Weise können zwei Bibliotheken "
|
|
"zusammenarbeiten\n"
|
|
"reibungslos, da beide den gleichen `String`-Typ verwenden."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std.md:7
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "The common vocabulary types include:"
|
|
msgstr "Zu den gängigen Wortschatztypen gehören:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std.md:9
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* [`Option` and `Result`](std/option-result.md) types: used for optional values\n"
|
|
" and [error handling](error-handling.md)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Typen von [`Option` und `Result`](std/option-result.md): Wird für optionale Werte verwendet\n"
|
|
" und [Fehlerbehandlung](error-handling.md)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std.md:12
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* [`String`](std/string.md): the default string type used for owned data."
|
|
msgstr "* [`String`](std/string.md): der Standard-String-Typ, der für eigene Daten verwendet wird."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std.md:14
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* [`Vec`](std/vec.md): a standard extensible vector."
|
|
msgstr "* [`Vec`](std/vec.md): ein erweiterbarer Standardvektor."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std.md:16
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* [`HashMap`](std/hashmap.md): a hash map type with a configurable hashing\n"
|
|
" algorithm."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* [`HashMap`](std/hashmap.md): ein Hash-Map-Typ mit konfigurierbarem Hashing\n"
|
|
" Algorithmus."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std.md:19
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* [`Box`](std/box.md): an owned pointer for heap-allocated data."
|
|
msgstr "* [`Box`](std/box.md): ein eigener Zeiger für Heap-zugewiesene Daten."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std.md:21
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* [`Rc`](std/rc.md): a shared reference-counted pointer for heap-allocated data."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* [`Rc`](std/rc.md): ein gemeinsam genutzter referenzgezählter Zeiger für Heap-zugeordnete Daten."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std.md:23
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" * In fact, Rust contains several layers of the Standard Library: `core`, `alloc` and `std`. \n"
|
|
" * `core` includes the most basic types and functions that don't depend on `libc`, allocator or\n"
|
|
" even the presence of an operating system. \n"
|
|
" * `alloc` includes types which require a global heap allocator, such as `Vec`, `Box` and `Arc`.\n"
|
|
" * Embedded Rust applications often only use `core`, and sometimes `alloc`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" * Tatsächlich enthält Rust mehrere Schichten der Standardbibliothek: `core`, `alloc` und `std`.\n"
|
|
" * `core` enthält die grundlegendsten Typen und Funktionen, die nicht von `libc`, allocator oder "
|
|
"abhängen\n"
|
|
" sogar das Vorhandensein eines Betriebssystems.\n"
|
|
" * „alloc“ umfasst Typen, die einen globalen Heap-Zuordner erfordern, wie etwa „Vec“, „Box“ und "
|
|
"„Arc“.\n"
|
|
" * Eingebettete Rust-Anwendungen verwenden oft nur `core` und manchmal `alloc`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/option-result.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# `Option` and `Result`"
|
|
msgstr "# `Option` und `Ergebnis`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/option-result.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "The types represent optional data:"
|
|
msgstr "Die Typen stellen optionale Daten dar:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/option-result.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let numbers = vec![10, 20, 30];\n"
|
|
" let first: Option<&i8> = numbers.first();\n"
|
|
" println!(\"first: {first:?}\");"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/option-result.md:11
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" let idx: Result<usize, usize> = numbers.binary_search(&10);\n"
|
|
" println!(\"idx: {idx:?}\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/option-result.md:18
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* `Option` and `Result` are widely used not just in the standard library.\n"
|
|
"* `Option<&T>` has zero space overhead compared to `&T`.\n"
|
|
"* `Result` is the standard type to implement error handling as we will see on Day 3.\n"
|
|
"* `binary_search` returns `Result<usize, usize>`.\n"
|
|
" * If found, `Result::Ok` holds the index where the element is found.\n"
|
|
" * Otherwise, `Result::Err` contains the index where such an element should be inserted."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* „Option“ und „Ergebnis“ werden nicht nur in der Standardbibliothek häufig verwendet.\n"
|
|
"* `Option<&T>` hat im Vergleich zu `&T` keinen Speicherplatz-Overhead.\n"
|
|
"* „Ergebnis“ ist der Standardtyp zur Implementierung der Fehlerbehandlung, wie wir an Tag 3 sehen "
|
|
"werden.\n"
|
|
"* `binary_search` gibt `Result<usize, usesize>` zurück.\n"
|
|
" * Falls gefunden, enthält `Result::Ok` den Index, wo das Element gefunden wurde.\n"
|
|
" * Andernfalls enthält `Result::Err` den Index, wo ein solches Element eingefügt werden soll."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/string.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# String"
|
|
msgstr "# Zeichenfolge"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/string.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "[`String`][1] is the standard heap-allocated growable UTF-8 string buffer:"
|
|
msgstr "[`String`][1] ist der Standard-Heap-zugewiesene erweiterbare UTF-8-String-Puffer:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/string.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let mut s1 = String::new();\n"
|
|
" s1.push_str(\"Hello\");\n"
|
|
" println!(\"s1: len = {}, capacity = {}\", s1.len(), s1.capacity());"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/string.md:11
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" let mut s2 = String::with_capacity(s1.len() + 1);\n"
|
|
" s2.push_str(&s1);\n"
|
|
" s2.push('!');\n"
|
|
" println!(\"s2: len = {}, capacity = {}\", s2.len(), s2.capacity());"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/string.md:16
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" let s3 = String::from(\"🇨🇭\");\n"
|
|
" println!(\"s3: len = {}, number of chars = {}\", s3.len(),\n"
|
|
" s3.chars().count());\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/string.md:22
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`String` implements [`Deref<Target = str>`][2], which means that you can call all\n"
|
|
"`str` methods on a `String`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`String` implementiert [`Deref<Target = str>`][2], was bedeutet, dass Sie alle aufrufen können\n"
|
|
"`str`-Methoden auf einem `String`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/string.md:25
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[1]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/struct.String.html\n"
|
|
"[2]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/struct.String.html#deref-methods-str"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[1]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/struct.String.html\n"
|
|
"[2]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/struct.String.html#deref-methods-str"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/string.md:30
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* `len` returns the size of the `String` in bytes, not its length in characters.\n"
|
|
"* `chars` returns an iterator over the actual characters.\n"
|
|
"* `String` implements `Deref<Target = str>` which transparently gives it access to `str`'s methods."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* `len` gibt die Größe des `String` in Bytes zurück, nicht seine Länge in Zeichen.\n"
|
|
"* `chars` gibt einen Iterator über die eigentlichen Zeichen zurück.\n"
|
|
"* `String` implementiert `Deref<Target = str>`, wodurch es transparent Zugriff auf die Methoden "
|
|
"von `str` erhält."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/vec.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# `Vec`"
|
|
msgstr "# `Vec`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/vec.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "[`Vec`][1] is the standard resizable heap-allocated buffer:"
|
|
msgstr "[`Vec`][1] ist der Standardpuffer mit anpassbarer Heapzuweisung:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/vec.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let mut v1 = Vec::new();\n"
|
|
" v1.push(42);\n"
|
|
" println!(\"v1: len = {}, capacity = {}\", v1.len(), v1.capacity());"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/vec.md:11
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" let mut v2 = Vec::with_capacity(v1.len() + 1);\n"
|
|
" v2.extend(v1.iter());\n"
|
|
" v2.push(9999);\n"
|
|
" println!(\"v2: len = {}, capacity = {}\", v2.len(), v2.capacity());\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/vec.md:18
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`Vec` implements [`Deref<Target = [T]>`][2], which means that you can call slice\n"
|
|
"methods on a `Vec`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`Vec` implementiert [`Deref<Target = [T]>`][2], was bedeutet, dass Sie Slice aufrufen können\n"
|
|
"Methoden auf einem `Vec`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/vec.md:21
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[1]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec.html\n"
|
|
"[2]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec.html#deref-methods-[T]"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[1]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec.html\n"
|
|
"[2]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec.html#deref-methods-[T]"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/vec.md:24
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* `Vec` is a type of collection, along with `String` and `HashMap`. The data it contains is "
|
|
"stored\n"
|
|
" on the heap. This means the amount of data doesn't need to be known at compile time. It can "
|
|
"grow\n"
|
|
" or shrink at runtime.\n"
|
|
"* Notice how `Vec<T>` is a generic type too, but you don't have to specify `T` explicitly. As "
|
|
"always\n"
|
|
" with Rust type inference, the `T` was established during the first `push` call.\n"
|
|
"* `vec![...]` is a canonical macro to use instead of `Vec::new()` and it supports adding initial\n"
|
|
" elements to the vector. \n"
|
|
"* To index the vector you use `[` `]`, but they will panic if out of bounds. Alternatively, using\n"
|
|
" `get` will return an `Option`. The `pop` function will remove the last element.\n"
|
|
"* Show iterating over a vector and mutating the value:\n"
|
|
" `for e in &mut v { *e += 50; }`"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/hashmap.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# `HashMap`"
|
|
msgstr "# `HashMap`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/hashmap.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Standard hash map with protection against HashDoS attacks:"
|
|
msgstr "Standard-Hash-Map mit Schutz vor HashDoS-Angriffen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/hashmap.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"use std::collections::HashMap;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/hashmap.md:8
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let mut page_counts = HashMap::new();\n"
|
|
" page_counts.insert(\"Adventures of Huckleberry Finn\".to_string(), 207);\n"
|
|
" page_counts.insert(\"Grimms' Fairy Tales\".to_string(), 751);\n"
|
|
" page_counts.insert(\"Pride and Prejudice\".to_string(), 303);"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/hashmap.md:14
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" if !page_counts.contains_key(\"Les Misérables\") {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"We've know about {} books, but not Les Misérables.\",\n"
|
|
" page_counts.len());\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/hashmap.md:19
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" for book in [\"Pride and Prejudice\", \"Alice's Adventure in Wonderland\"] {\n"
|
|
" match page_counts.get(book) {\n"
|
|
" Some(count) => println!(\"{book}: {count} pages\"),\n"
|
|
" None => println!(\"{book} is unknown.\")\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/box.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# `Box`"
|
|
msgstr "# `Kasten`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/box.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "[`Box`][1] is an owned pointer to data on the heap:"
|
|
msgstr "[`Box`][1] ist ein eigener Zeiger auf Daten auf dem Heap:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/box.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let five = Box::new(5);\n"
|
|
" println!(\"five: {}\", *five);\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/box.md:13
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```bob\n"
|
|
" Stack Heap\n"
|
|
".- - - - - - -. .- - - - - - -.\n"
|
|
": : : :\n"
|
|
": five : : :\n"
|
|
": +-----+ : : +-----+ :\n"
|
|
": | o---|---+-----+-->| 5 | :\n"
|
|
": +-----+ : : +-----+ :\n"
|
|
": : : :\n"
|
|
": : : :\n"
|
|
"`- - - - - - -' `- - - - - - -'\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/box.md:26
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`Box<T>` implements `Deref<Target = T>`, which means that you can [call methods\n"
|
|
"from `T` directly on a `Box<T>`][2]."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`Box<T>` implementiert `Deref<Target = T>`, was bedeutet, dass Sie [Methoden aufrufen können\n"
|
|
"von `T` direkt auf eine `Box<T>`][2]."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/box.md:29
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[1]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/boxed/struct.Box.html\n"
|
|
"[2]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Deref.html#more-on-deref-coercion"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[1]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/boxed/struct.Box.html\n"
|
|
"[2]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Deref.html#more-on-deref-coercion"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/box.md:34
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* `Box` is like `std::unique_ptr` in C++.\n"
|
|
"* In the above example, you can even leave out the `*` in the `println!` statement thanks to "
|
|
"`Deref`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* `Box` ist wie `std::unique_ptr` in C++.\n"
|
|
"* Im obigen Beispiel können Sie dank `Deref` sogar das `*` in der `println!`-Anweisung weglassen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/box-recursive.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Box with Recursive Data Structures"
|
|
msgstr "# Box mit rekursiven Datenstrukturen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/box-recursive.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Recursive data types or data types with dynamic sizes need to use a `Box`:"
|
|
msgstr "Rekursive Datentypen oder Datentypen mit dynamischer Größe müssen eine `Box` verwenden:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/box-recursive.md:5 src/std/box-niche.md:3
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"#[derive(Debug)]\n"
|
|
"enum List<T> {\n"
|
|
" Cons(T, Box<List<T>>),\n"
|
|
" Nil,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/box-recursive.md:12 src/std/box-niche.md:10
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let list: List<i32> = List::Cons(1, Box::new(List::Cons(2, Box::new(List::Nil))));\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{list:?}\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/box-recursive.md:18
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```bob\n"
|
|
" Stack Heap\n"
|
|
".- - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -.\n"
|
|
": : : :\n"
|
|
": list : : :\n"
|
|
": +--------+-------+ : : +--------+--------+ +--------+------+ :\n"
|
|
": | Tag | Cons | : : .->| Tag | Cons | .->| Tag | Nil | :\n"
|
|
": | 0 | 1 | : : | | 0 | 2 | | | ////// | //// | :\n"
|
|
": | 1 | o-----+----+-----+-' | 1 | o------+-' | ////// | //// | :\n"
|
|
": +--------+-------+ : : +--------+--------+ +--------+------+ :\n"
|
|
": : : :\n"
|
|
": : : :\n"
|
|
"`- - - - - - - - - - - - -' '- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/box-recursive.md:33
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If the `Box` was not used here and we attempted to embed a `List` directly into the `List`,\n"
|
|
"the compiler would not compute a fixed size of the struct in memory, it would look infinite.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`Box` löst dieses Problem, da es die gleiche Größe wie ein normaler Zeiger hat und nur auf den "
|
|
"nächsten zeigt\n"
|
|
"Element der `Liste` im Heap.\n"
|
|
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`Box` solves this problem as it has the same size as a regular pointer and just points at the "
|
|
"next\n"
|
|
"element of the `List` in the heap. \n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Wenn die `Box` hier nicht verwendet wurde und wir versucht haben, eine `List` direkt in die `List` "
|
|
"einzubetten,\n"
|
|
"Der Compiler würde keine feste Größe der Struktur im Speicher berechnen, es würde unendlich "
|
|
"aussehen.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/box-niche.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Niche Optimization"
|
|
msgstr "# Nischenoptimierung"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/box-niche.md:16
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A `Box` cannot be empty, so the pointer is always valid and non-`null`. This\n"
|
|
"allows the compiler to optimize the memory layout:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Eine „Box“ kann nicht leer sein, daher ist der Zeiger immer gültig und nicht „null“. Das\n"
|
|
"ermöglicht dem Compiler, das Speicherlayout zu optimieren:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/box-niche.md:19
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```bob\n"
|
|
" Stack Heap\n"
|
|
".- - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -.\n"
|
|
": : : :\n"
|
|
": list : : :\n"
|
|
": +--------+-------+ : : +--------+--------+ +--------+------+ :\n"
|
|
": | 0 | 1 | : : .->| 0 | 2 | .->| ////// | //// | :\n"
|
|
": | \"1/Tag\"| o-----+----+-----+-' | \"1/Tag\"| o-----+-' | \"1/Tag\"| null | :\n"
|
|
": +--------+-------+ : : +--------+--------+ +--------+------+ :\n"
|
|
": : : :\n"
|
|
": : : :\n"
|
|
"`- - - - - - - - - - - - -' '- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/rc.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# `Rc`"
|
|
msgstr "# `Rc`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/rc.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[`Rc`][1] is a reference-counted shared pointer. Use this when you need to refer\n"
|
|
"to the same data from multiple places:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[`Rc`][1] ist ein referenzgezählter gemeinsamer Zeiger. Verwenden Sie dies, wenn Sie verweisen "
|
|
"müssen\n"
|
|
"auf dieselben Daten von mehreren Orten:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/rc.md:6
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"use std::rc::Rc;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/rc.md:9
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let mut a = Rc::new(10);\n"
|
|
" let mut b = a.clone();"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/rc.md:18
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If you need to mutate the data inside an `Rc`, you will need to wrap the data in\n"
|
|
"a type such as [`Cell` or `RefCell`][2]. See [`Arc`][3] if you are in a multi-threaded\n"
|
|
"context."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Wenn Sie die Daten innerhalb eines „Rc“ mutieren müssen, müssen Sie die Daten einschließen\n"
|
|
"ein Typ wie [`Cell` oder `RefCell`][2]. Siehe [`Arc`][3], wenn Sie sich in einem Multithreading "
|
|
"befinden\n"
|
|
"Kontext."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/rc.md:22
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[1]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/rc/struct.Rc.html\n"
|
|
"[2]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/cell/index.html\n"
|
|
"[3]: ../concurrency/shared_state/arc.md"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[1]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/rc/struct.Rc.html\n"
|
|
"[2]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/cell/index.html\n"
|
|
"[3]: ../concurrency/shared_state/arc.md"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std/rc.md:28
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Like C++'s `std::shared_ptr`.\n"
|
|
"* `clone` is cheap: creates a pointer to the same allocation and increases the reference count.\n"
|
|
"* `make_mut` actually clones the inner value if necessary (\"clone-on-write\") and returns a "
|
|
"mutable reference."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Wie `std::shared_ptr` von C++.\n"
|
|
"* `clone` ist billig: erstellt einen Zeiger auf die gleiche Zuweisung und erhöht die "
|
|
"Referenzanzahl.\n"
|
|
"* `make_mut` klont bei Bedarf tatsächlich den inneren Wert (\"clone-on-write\") und gibt eine "
|
|
"veränderliche Referenz zurück."
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Modules"
|
|
msgstr "# Module"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "We have seen how `impl` blocks let us namespace functions to a type."
|
|
msgstr "Wir haben gesehen, wie `impl`-Blöcke Namensraumfunktionen zu einem Typ machen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Similarly, `mod` lets us namespace types and functions:"
|
|
msgstr "In ähnlicher Weise lässt uns `mod` Namespace-Typen und -Funktionen zu:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules.md:7
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"mod foo {\n"
|
|
" pub fn do_something() {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"In the foo module\");\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules.md:14
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"mod bar {\n"
|
|
" pub fn do_something() {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"In the bar module\");\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules.md:20
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" foo::do_something();\n"
|
|
" bar::do_something();\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/visibility.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Visibility"
|
|
msgstr "# Sichtbarkeit"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/visibility.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Modules are a privacy boundary:"
|
|
msgstr "Module sind eine Datenschutzgrenze:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/visibility.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Module items are private by default (hides implementation details).\n"
|
|
"* Parent and sibling items are always visible."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Modulelemente sind standardmäßig privat (versteckt Implementierungsdetails).\n"
|
|
"* Übergeordnete und gleichgeordnete Elemente sind immer sichtbar."
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/visibility.md:8
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"mod outer {\n"
|
|
" fn private() {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"outer::private\");\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/visibility.md:14
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" pub fn public() {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"outer::public\");\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/visibility.md:18
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" mod inner {\n"
|
|
" fn private() {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"outer::inner::private\");\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/visibility.md:23
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" pub fn public() {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"outer::inner::public\");\n"
|
|
" super::private();\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/visibility.md:30
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" outer::public();\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/paths.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Paths"
|
|
msgstr "# Pfade"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/paths.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Paths are resolved as follows:"
|
|
msgstr "Pfade werden wie folgt aufgelöst:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/paths.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"1. As a relative path:\n"
|
|
" * `foo` or `self::foo` refers to `foo` in the current module,\n"
|
|
" * `super::foo` refers to `foo` in the parent module."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"1. Als relativer Pfad:\n"
|
|
" * `foo` oder `self::foo` bezieht sich auf `foo` im aktuellen Modul,\n"
|
|
" * „super::foo“ bezieht sich auf „foo“ im übergeordneten Modul."
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/paths.md:9
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"2. As an absolute path:\n"
|
|
" * `crate::foo` refers to `foo` in the root of the current crate,\n"
|
|
" * `bar::foo` refers to `foo` in the `bar` crate."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"2. Als absoluter Pfad:\n"
|
|
" * `crate::foo` bezieht sich auf `foo` im Stammverzeichnis der aktuellen Kiste,\n"
|
|
" * `bar::foo` bezieht sich auf `foo` in der `bar`-Crate."
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/filesystem.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Filesystem Hierarchy"
|
|
msgstr "# Dateisystemhierarchie"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/filesystem.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "The module content can be omitted:"
|
|
msgstr "Der Modulinhalt kann weggelassen werden:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/filesystem.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable,compile_fail\n"
|
|
"mod garden;\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/filesystem.md:9
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "The `garden` module content is found at:"
|
|
msgstr "Die Inhalte des Moduls „Garten“ finden Sie unter:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/filesystem.md:11
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* `src/garden.rs` (modern Rust 2018 style)\n"
|
|
"* `src/garden/mod.rs` (older Rust 2015 style)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* `src/garden.rs` (moderner Rust 2018-Stil)\n"
|
|
"* `src/garden/mod.rs` (älterer Rust 2015-Stil)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/filesystem.md:14
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Similarly, a `garden::vegetables` module can be found at:"
|
|
msgstr "In ähnlicher Weise kann ein `garden::vegetables`-Modul gefunden werden unter:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/filesystem.md:16
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* `src/garden/vegetables.rs` (modern Rust 2018 style)\n"
|
|
"* `src/garden/vegetables/mod.rs` (older Rust 2015 style)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* `src/garden/vegetables.rs` (moderner Rust 2018-Stil)\n"
|
|
"* `src/garden/vegetables/mod.rs` (älterer Rust 2015 Stil)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/filesystem.md:19
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "The `crate` root is in:"
|
|
msgstr "Die „Kiste“-Wurzel befindet sich in:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/filesystem.md:21
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* `src/lib.rs` (for a library crate)\n"
|
|
"* `src/main.rs` (for a binary crate)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* `src/lib.rs` (für eine Bibliothekskiste)\n"
|
|
"* `src/main.rs` (für eine Binärkiste)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/afternoon.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Day 2: Afternoon Exercises"
|
|
msgstr "# Tag 2: Nachmittagsübungen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/afternoon.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "The exercises for this afternoon will focus on strings and iterators."
|
|
msgstr "Die Übungen für diesen Nachmittag konzentrieren sich auf Strings und Iteratoren."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/luhn.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Luhn Algorithm"
|
|
msgstr "# Luhn-Algorithmus"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/luhn.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The [Luhn algorithm](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luhn_algorithm) is used to\n"
|
|
"validate credit card numbers. The algorithm takes a string as input and does the\n"
|
|
"following to validate the credit card number:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Dazu dient der [Luhn-Algorithmus](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luhn_algorithm).\n"
|
|
"Kreditkartennummern validieren. Der Algorithmus nimmt eine Zeichenfolge als Eingabe und führt die "
|
|
"aus\n"
|
|
"Folgendes, um die Kreditkartennummer zu validieren:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/luhn.md:7
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* Ignore all spaces. Reject number with less than two digits."
|
|
msgstr "* Ignoriere alle Leerzeichen. Ablehnungsnummer mit weniger als zwei Ziffern."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/luhn.md:9
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Moving from right to left, double every second digit: for the number `1234`,\n"
|
|
" we double `3` and `1`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Bewegen Sie sich von rechts nach links, verdoppeln Sie jede zweite Ziffer: für die Zahl "
|
|
"\"1234\",\n"
|
|
" wir verdoppeln `3` und `1`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/luhn.md:12
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* After doubling a digit, sum the digits. So doubling `7` becomes `14` which\n"
|
|
" becomes `5`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Nachdem Sie eine Ziffer verdoppelt haben, addieren Sie die Ziffern. Das Verdoppeln von '7' wird "
|
|
"also zu '14', was\n"
|
|
" wird \"5\"."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/luhn.md:15
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* Sum all the undoubled and doubled digits."
|
|
msgstr "* Summiere alle unverdoppelten und verdoppelten Ziffern."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/luhn.md:17
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* The credit card number is valid if the sum ends with `0`."
|
|
msgstr "* Die Kreditkartennummer ist gültig, wenn die Summe mit `0` endet."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/luhn.md:19
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Copy the following code to <https://play.rust-lang.org/> and implement the\n"
|
|
"function:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Kopieren Sie den folgenden Code nach <https://play.rust-lang.org/> und implementieren Sie die\n"
|
|
"Funktion:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/luhn.md:27
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"pub fn luhn(cc_number: &str) -> bool {\n"
|
|
" unimplemented!()\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"pub fn luhn(cc_number: &str) -> bool {\n"
|
|
" nicht implementiert!()\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/luhn.md:31
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"#[test]\n"
|
|
"fn test_non_digit_cc_number() {\n"
|
|
" assert!(!luhn(\"foo\"));\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/luhn.md:36 src/exercises/day-2/solutions-afternoon.md:64
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"#[test]\n"
|
|
"fn test_empty_cc_number() {\n"
|
|
" assert!(!luhn(\"\"));\n"
|
|
" assert!(!luhn(\" \"));\n"
|
|
" assert!(!luhn(\" \"));\n"
|
|
" assert!(!luhn(\" \"));\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/luhn.md:44 src/exercises/day-2/solutions-afternoon.md:72
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"#[test]\n"
|
|
"fn test_single_digit_cc_number() {\n"
|
|
" assert!(!luhn(\"0\"));\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/luhn.md:49 src/exercises/day-2/solutions-afternoon.md:77
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"#[test]\n"
|
|
"fn test_two_digit_cc_number() {\n"
|
|
" assert!(luhn(\" 0 0 \"));\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/luhn.md:54 src/exercises/day-2/solutions-afternoon.md:82
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"#[test]\n"
|
|
"fn test_valid_cc_number() {\n"
|
|
" assert!(luhn(\"4263 9826 4026 9299\"));\n"
|
|
" assert!(luhn(\"4539 3195 0343 6467\"));\n"
|
|
" assert!(luhn(\"7992 7398 713\"));\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/luhn.md:61
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"#[test]\n"
|
|
"fn test_invalid_cc_number() {\n"
|
|
" assert!(!luhn(\"4223 9826 4026 9299\"));\n"
|
|
" assert!(!luhn(\"4539 3195 0343 6476\"));\n"
|
|
" assert!(!luhn(\"8273 1232 7352 0569\"));\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/strings-iterators.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Strings and Iterators"
|
|
msgstr "# Strings und Iteratoren"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/strings-iterators.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In this exercise, you are implementing a routing component of a web server. The\n"
|
|
"server is configured with a number of _path prefixes_ which are matched against\n"
|
|
"_request paths_. The path prefixes can contain a wildcard character which\n"
|
|
"matches a full segment. See the unit tests below."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"In dieser Übung implementieren Sie eine Routing-Komponente eines Webservers. Der\n"
|
|
"Der Server ist mit einer Reihe von _Pfadpräfixen_ konfiguriert, die abgeglichen werden\n"
|
|
"_Anfragepfade_. Die Pfadpräfixe können ein Platzhalterzeichen enthalten, das\n"
|
|
"entspricht einem vollständigen Segment. Siehe die Unit-Tests unten."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/strings-iterators.md:8
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Copy the following code to <https://play.rust-lang.org/> and make the tests\n"
|
|
"pass. Try avoiding allocating a `Vec` for your intermediate results:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Kopieren Sie den folgenden Code nach <https://play.rust-lang.org/> und führen Sie die Tests durch\n"
|
|
"passieren. Versuchen Sie, Ihren Zwischenergebnissen kein „Vec“ zuzuweisen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/strings-iterators.md:16
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"pub fn prefix_matches(prefix: &str, request_path: &str) -> bool {\n"
|
|
" unimplemented!()\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"pub fn prefix_matches(prefix: &str, request_path: &str) -> bool {\n"
|
|
" nicht implementiert!()\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/strings-iterators.md:20
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"#[test]\n"
|
|
"fn test_matches_without_wildcard() {\n"
|
|
" assert!(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers\"));\n"
|
|
" assert!(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers/abc-123\"));\n"
|
|
" assert!(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers/abc/books\"));"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/strings-iterators.md:26 src/exercises/day-2/solutions-afternoon.md:146
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1\"));\n"
|
|
" assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishersBooks\"));\n"
|
|
" assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/parent/publishers\"));\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/strings-iterators.md:31 src/exercises/day-2/solutions-afternoon.md:151
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"#[test]\n"
|
|
"fn test_matches_with_wildcard() {\n"
|
|
" assert!(prefix_matches(\n"
|
|
" \"/v1/publishers/*/books\",\n"
|
|
" \"/v1/publishers/foo/books\"\n"
|
|
" ));\n"
|
|
" assert!(prefix_matches(\n"
|
|
" \"/v1/publishers/*/books\",\n"
|
|
" \"/v1/publishers/bar/books\"\n"
|
|
" ));\n"
|
|
" assert!(prefix_matches(\n"
|
|
" \"/v1/publishers/*/books\",\n"
|
|
" \"/v1/publishers/foo/books/book1\"\n"
|
|
" ));"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/strings-iterators.md:46
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers/*/books\", \"/v1/publishers\"));\n"
|
|
" assert!(!prefix_matches(\n"
|
|
" \"/v1/publishers/*/books\",\n"
|
|
" \"/v1/publishers/foo/booksByAuthor\"\n"
|
|
" ));\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-3.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Welcome to Day 3"
|
|
msgstr "# Willkommen zu Tag 3"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-3.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Today, we will cover some more advanced topics of Rust:"
|
|
msgstr "Heute werden wir einige fortgeschrittenere Themen von Rust behandeln:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-3.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Traits: deriving traits, default methods, and important standard library\n"
|
|
" traits."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Merkmale: Ableitung von Merkmalen, Standardmethoden und wichtige Standardbibliothek\n"
|
|
" Züge."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-3.md:8
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Generics: generic data types, generic methods, monomorphization, and trait\n"
|
|
" objects."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Generics: generische Datentypen, generische Methoden, Monomorphisierung und Eigenschaften\n"
|
|
" Objekte."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-3.md:11
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* Error handling: panics, `Result`, and the try operator `?`."
|
|
msgstr "* Fehlerbehandlung: Panics, `Result` und der Try-Operator `?`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-3.md:13
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* Testing: unit tests, documentation tests, and integration tests."
|
|
msgstr "* Testen: Einheitentests, Dokumentationstests und Integrationstests."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-3.md:15
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Unsafe Rust: raw pointers, static variables, unsafe functions, and extern\n"
|
|
" functions."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Unsicherer Rost: rohe Zeiger, statische Variablen, unsichere Funktionen und extern\n"
|
|
" Funktionen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Traits"
|
|
msgstr "# Züge"
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Rust lets you abstract over types with traits. They're similar to interfaces:"
|
|
msgstr "Mit Rust können Sie über Typen mit Merkmalen abstrahieren. Sie ähneln Schnittstellen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"trait Greet {\n"
|
|
" fn say_hello(&self);\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits.md:10
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"struct Dog {\n"
|
|
" name: String,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"struct Hund {\n"
|
|
" Name: Zeichenfolge,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits.md:14
|
|
msgid "struct Cat; // No name, cats won't respond to it anyway."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits.md:16
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"impl Greet for Dog {\n"
|
|
" fn say_hello(&self) {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"Wuf, my name is {}!\", self.name);\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits.md:22
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"impl Greet for Cat {\n"
|
|
" fn say_hello(&self) {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"Miau!\");\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits.md:28
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let pets: Vec<Box<dyn Greet>> = vec![\n"
|
|
" Box::new(Dog { name: String::from(\"Fido\") }),\n"
|
|
" Box::new(Cat),\n"
|
|
" ];\n"
|
|
" for pet in pets {\n"
|
|
" pet.say_hello();\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits.md:41
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Traits may specify pre-implemented (default) methods and methods that users are required to "
|
|
"implement themselves. Methods with default implementations can rely on required methods.\n"
|
|
"* Types that implement a given trait may be of different sizes. This makes it impossible to have "
|
|
"things like `Vec<Greet>` in the example above.\n"
|
|
"* `dyn Greet` is a way to tell the compiler about a dynamically sized type that implements "
|
|
"`Greet`.\n"
|
|
"* In the example, `pets` holds Fat Pointers to objects that implement `Greet`. The Fat Pointer "
|
|
"consists of two components, a pointer to the actual object and a pointer to the virtual method "
|
|
"table for the `Greet` implementation of that particular object."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Merkmale können vorimplementierte (Standard-)Methoden und Methoden spezifizieren, die Benutzer "
|
|
"selbst implementieren müssen. Methoden mit Standardimplementierungen können sich auf erforderliche "
|
|
"Methoden stützen.\n"
|
|
"* Typen, die ein bestimmtes Merkmal implementieren, können unterschiedlich groß sein. Das macht es "
|
|
"unmöglich Dinge wie `Vec<Greet>` im obigen Beispiel zu haben.\n"
|
|
"* „dyn Greet“ ist eine Möglichkeit, dem Compiler einen Typ mit dynamischer Größe mitzuteilen, der "
|
|
"„Greet“ implementiert.\n"
|
|
"* Im Beispiel enthält `pets` Fat Pointer auf Objekte, die `Greet` implementieren. Der Fat Pointer "
|
|
"besteht aus zwei Komponenten, einem Zeiger auf das tatsächliche Objekt und einem Zeiger auf die "
|
|
"virtuelle Methodentabelle für die \"Greet\"-Implementierung dieses bestimmten Objekts."
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits.md:46
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Compare these outputs in the above example:\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/deriving-traits.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Deriving Traits"
|
|
msgstr "# Ableitung von Merkmalen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/deriving-traits.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "You can let the compiler derive a number of traits:"
|
|
msgstr "Sie können den Compiler eine Reihe von Merkmalen ableiten lassen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/deriving-traits.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Default)]\n"
|
|
"struct Player {\n"
|
|
" name: String,\n"
|
|
" strength: u8,\n"
|
|
" hit_points: u8,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/deriving-traits.md:13
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let p1 = Player::default();\n"
|
|
" let p2 = p1.clone();\n"
|
|
" println!(\"Is {:?}\\nequal to {:?}?\\nThe answer is {}!\", &p1, &p2,\n"
|
|
" if p1 == p2 { \"yes\" } else { \"no\" });\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/default-methods.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Default Methods"
|
|
msgstr "# Standardmethoden"
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/default-methods.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Traits can implement behavior in terms of other trait methods:"
|
|
msgstr "Traits können Verhalten im Sinne anderer Trait-Methoden implementieren:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/default-methods.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"trait Equals {\n"
|
|
" fn equal(&self, other: &Self) -> bool;\n"
|
|
" fn not_equal(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {\n"
|
|
" !self.equal(other)\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/default-methods.md:13
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"#[derive(Debug)]\n"
|
|
"struct Centimeter(i16);"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/default-methods.md:16
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"impl Equals for Centimeter {\n"
|
|
" fn equal(&self, other: &Centimeter) -> bool {\n"
|
|
" self.0 == other.0\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"impl Gleich für Zentimeter {\n"
|
|
" fn gleich(&selbst, andere: &Zentimeter) -> bool {\n"
|
|
" self.0 == andere.0\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/default-methods.md:22
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let a = Centimeter(10);\n"
|
|
" let b = Centimeter(20);\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{a:?} equals {b:?}: {}\", a.equal(&b));\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{a:?} not_equals {b:?}: {}\", a.not_equal(&b));\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/important-traits.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Important Traits"
|
|
msgstr "# Wichtige Eigenschaften"
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/important-traits.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "We will now look at some of the most common traits of the Rust standard library:"
|
|
msgstr "Wir werden uns nun einige der häufigsten Merkmale der Rust-Standardbibliothek ansehen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/important-traits.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* `Iterator` and `IntoIterator` used in `for` loops,\n"
|
|
"* `From` and `Into` used to convert values,\n"
|
|
"* `Read` and `Write` used for IO,\n"
|
|
"* `Add`, `Mul`, ... used for operator overloading, and\n"
|
|
"* `Drop` used for defining destructors."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* `Iterator` und `IntoIterator` werden in `for`-Schleifen verwendet,\n"
|
|
"* `From` und `Into` werden verwendet, um Werte zu konvertieren,\n"
|
|
"* `Lesen` und `Schreiben` für IO verwendet,\n"
|
|
"* `Add`, `Mul`, ... wird zum Überladen von Operatoren verwendet, und\n"
|
|
"* `Drop` wird zum Definieren von Destruktoren verwendet."
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/iterator.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Iterators"
|
|
msgstr "# Iteratoren"
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/iterator.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "You can implement the `Iterator` trait on your own types:"
|
|
msgstr "Sie können das `Iterator`-Merkmal für Ihre eigenen Typen implementieren:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/iterator.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"struct Fibonacci {\n"
|
|
" curr: u32,\n"
|
|
" next: u32,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/iterator.md:11
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"impl Iterator for Fibonacci {\n"
|
|
" type Item = u32;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/iterator.md:14
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" fn next(&mut self) -> Option<Self::Item> {\n"
|
|
" let new_next = self.curr + self.next;\n"
|
|
" self.curr = self.next;\n"
|
|
" self.next = new_next;\n"
|
|
" Some(self.curr)\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/iterator.md:22
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let fib = Fibonacci { curr: 0, next: 1 };\n"
|
|
" for (i, n) in fib.enumerate().take(5) {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"fib({i}): {n}\");\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/iterator.md:32
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* `IntoIterator` is the trait that makes for loops work. It is implemented by collection types "
|
|
"such as\n"
|
|
" `Vec<T>` and references to them such as `&Vec<T>` and `&[T]`. Ranges also implement it.\n"
|
|
"* The `Iterator` trait implements many common functional programming operations over collections \n"
|
|
" (e.g. `map`, `filter`, `reduce`, etc). This is the trait where you can find all the "
|
|
"documentation\n"
|
|
" about them. In Rust these functions should produce the code as efficient as equivalent "
|
|
"imperative\n"
|
|
" implementations.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"</details>"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* `IntoIterator` ist die Eigenschaft, die dafür sorgt, dass for-Schleifen funktionieren. Es wird "
|
|
"durch Sammlungstypen wie implementiert\n"
|
|
" `Vec<T>` und Verweise darauf wie `&Vec<T>` und `&[T]`. Ranges implementieren es auch.\n"
|
|
"* Die Eigenschaft „Iterator“ implementiert viele gängige funktionale Programmieroperationen über "
|
|
"Sammlungen\n"
|
|
" (z. B. `map`, `filter`, `reduce`, etc). Dies ist die Eigenschaft, in der Sie die gesamte "
|
|
"Dokumentation finden können\n"
|
|
" über sie. In Rust sollten diese Funktionen den Code so effizient wie gleichwertig erzeugen\n"
|
|
" Implementierungen.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"</Details>"
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/from-iterator.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# FromIterator"
|
|
msgstr "# FromIterator"
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/from-iterator.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "`FromIterator` lets you build a collection from an `Iterator`."
|
|
msgstr "Mit „FromIterator“ können Sie eine Sammlung aus einem „Iterator“ erstellen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/from-iterator.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let primes = vec![2, 3, 5, 7];\n"
|
|
" let prime_squares = primes.into_iter().map(|prime| prime * prime).collect::<Vec<_>>();\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/from-iterator.md:14
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`Iterator` implements\n"
|
|
"`fn collect<B>(self) -> B\n"
|
|
"where\n"
|
|
" B: FromIterator<Self::Item>,\n"
|
|
" Self: Sized`"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`Iterator`-Implementierungen\n"
|
|
"`fn collect<B>(selbst) -> B\n"
|
|
"Wo\n"
|
|
" B: FromIterator<Self::Item>,\n"
|
|
" Selbst: Sized'"
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/from-iterator.md:20
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"There are also implementations which let you do cool things like convert an\n"
|
|
"`Iterator<Item = Result<V, E>>` into a `Result<Vec<V>, E>`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Es gibt auch Implementierungen, mit denen Sie coole Dinge tun können, wie z\n"
|
|
"`Iterator<Item = Result<V, E>>` in ein `Result<Vec<V>, E>`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/from-into.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# `From` and `Into`"
|
|
msgstr "# `Von` und `Nach`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/from-into.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Types implement `From` and `Into` to facilitate type conversions:"
|
|
msgstr "Typen implementieren „From“ und „Into“, um Typkonvertierungen zu erleichtern:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/from-into.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let s = String::from(\"hello\");\n"
|
|
" let addr = std::net::Ipv4Addr::from([127, 0, 0, 1]);\n"
|
|
" let one = i16::from(true);\n"
|
|
" let bigger = i32::from(123i16);\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{s}, {addr}, {one}, {bigger}\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/from-into.md:15
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "`Into` is automatically implemented when `From` is implemented:"
|
|
msgstr "„Into“ wird automatisch implementiert, wenn „From“ implementiert wird:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/from-into.md:17
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let s: String = \"hello\".into();\n"
|
|
" let addr: std::net::Ipv4Addr = [127, 0, 0, 1].into();\n"
|
|
" let one: i16 = true.into();\n"
|
|
" let bigger: i32 = 123i16.into();\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{s}, {addr}, {one}, {bigger}\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/from-into.md:27
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* That's why it is common to only implement `From`, as your type will get `Into` implementation "
|
|
"too.\n"
|
|
"* When declaring a function argument input type like \"anything that can be converted into a "
|
|
"`String`\", the rule is opposite, you should use `Into`.\n"
|
|
" Your function will accept types that implement `From` and those that _only_ implement `Into`.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"</details>"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Aus diesem Grund ist es üblich, nur `From` zu implementieren, da Ihr Typ auch die `Into`-"
|
|
"Implementierung erhält.\n"
|
|
"* Beim Deklarieren eines Funktionsargument-Eingabetyps wie „alles, was in einen „String“ "
|
|
"konvertiert werden kann“, ist die Regel umgekehrt, Sie sollten „Into“ verwenden.\n"
|
|
" Ihre Funktion akzeptiert Typen, die `From` implementieren, und solche, die _nur_ `Into` "
|
|
"implementieren.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"</Details>"
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/read-write.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# `Read` and `Write`"
|
|
msgstr "# `Lesen` und `Schreiben`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/read-write.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Using `Read` and `BufRead`, you can abstract over `u8` sources:"
|
|
msgstr "Mit `Read` und `BufRead` können Sie über `u8`-Quellen abstrahieren:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/read-write.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"use std::io::{BufRead, BufReader, Read, Result};"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/read-write.md:8
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn count_lines<R: Read>(reader: R) -> usize {\n"
|
|
" let buf_reader = BufReader::new(reader);\n"
|
|
" buf_reader.lines().count()\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/read-write.md:13
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() -> Result<()> {\n"
|
|
" let slice: &[u8] = b\"foo\\nbar\\nbaz\\n\";\n"
|
|
" println!(\"lines in slice: {}\", count_lines(slice));"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/read-write.md:17
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" let file = std::fs::File::open(std::env::current_exe()?)?;\n"
|
|
" println!(\"lines in file: {}\", count_lines(file));\n"
|
|
" Ok(())\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/read-write.md:23
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Similarly, `Write` lets you abstract over `u8` sinks:"
|
|
msgstr "In ähnlicher Weise können Sie mit \"Write\" über \"u8\"-Senken abstrahieren:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/read-write.md:25
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"use std::io::{Result, Write};"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/read-write.md:28
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn log<W: Write>(writer: &mut W, msg: &str) -> Result<()> {\n"
|
|
" writer.write_all(msg.as_bytes())?;\n"
|
|
" writer.write_all(\"\\n\".as_bytes())\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/read-write.md:33
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() -> Result<()> {\n"
|
|
" let mut buffer = Vec::new();\n"
|
|
" log(&mut buffer, \"Hello\")?;\n"
|
|
" log(&mut buffer, \"World\")?;\n"
|
|
" println!(\"Logged: {:?}\", buffer);\n"
|
|
" Ok(())\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/operators.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# `Add`, `Mul`, ..."
|
|
msgstr "# `Hinzufügen`, `Mul`, ..."
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/operators.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Operator overloading is implemented via traits in `std::ops`:"
|
|
msgstr "Das Überladen von Operatoren wird über Traits in `std::ops` implementiert:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/operators.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone)]\n"
|
|
"struct Point { x: i32, y: i32 }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/operators.md:9 src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:46
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"impl std::ops::Add for Point {\n"
|
|
" type Output = Self;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/operators.md:12
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" fn add(self, other: Self) -> Self {\n"
|
|
" Self {x: self.x + other.x, y: self.y + other.y}\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" fn add(self, other: Self) -> Self {\n"
|
|
" Selbst {x: selbst.x + andere.x, y: selbst.y + andere.y}\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/operators.md:17
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let p1 = Point { x: 10, y: 20 };\n"
|
|
" let p2 = Point { x: 100, y: 200 };\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{:?} + {:?} = {:?}\", p1, p2, p1 + p2);\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/operators.md:26 src/traits/drop.md:34
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Discussion points:"
|
|
msgstr "Diskussionspunkte:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/operators.md:28
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* You could implement `Add` for `&Point`. In which situations is that useful? \n"
|
|
" * Answer: `Add:add` consumes `self`. If type `T` for which you are\n"
|
|
" overloading the operator is not `Copy`, you should consider overloading\n"
|
|
" the operator for `&T` as well. This avoids unnecessary cloning on the\n"
|
|
" call site.\n"
|
|
"* Why is `Output` an associated type? Could it be made a type parameter?\n"
|
|
" * Short answer: Type parameters are controlled by the caller, but\n"
|
|
" associated types (like `Output`) are controlled by the implementor of a\n"
|
|
" trait."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Sie könnten `Add` für `&Point` implementieren. In welchen Situationen ist das sinnvoll?\n"
|
|
" * Antwort: `Add:add` verbraucht `self`. Geben Sie \"T\" ein, für das Sie sind\n"
|
|
" Das Überladen des Operators ist nicht \"Kopieren\", Sie sollten das Überladen in Betracht "
|
|
"ziehen\n"
|
|
" auch der Operator für `&T`. Dies vermeidet unnötiges Klonen auf der\n"
|
|
" Website aufrufen.\n"
|
|
"* Warum ist `Output` ein assoziierter Typ? Könnte es ein Typparameter gemacht werden?\n"
|
|
" * Kurze Antwort: Typparameter werden vom Aufrufer gesteuert, aber\n"
|
|
" Zugehörige Typen (wie `Output`) werden vom Implementierer von a gesteuert\n"
|
|
" Merkmal."
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/drop.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# The `Drop` Trait"
|
|
msgstr "# Die `Drop`-Eigenschaft"
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/drop.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Values which implement `Drop` can specify code to run when they go out of scope:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Werte, die \"Drop\" implementieren, können Code angeben, der ausgeführt werden soll, wenn sie den "
|
|
"Gültigkeitsbereich verlassen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/drop.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"struct Droppable {\n"
|
|
" name: &'static str,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/drop.md:10
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"impl Drop for Droppable {\n"
|
|
" fn drop(&mut self) {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"Dropping {}\", self.name);\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/drop.md:16
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let a = Droppable { name: \"a\" };\n"
|
|
" {\n"
|
|
" let b = Droppable { name: \"b\" };\n"
|
|
" {\n"
|
|
" let c = Droppable { name: \"c\" };\n"
|
|
" let d = Droppable { name: \"d\" };\n"
|
|
" println!(\"Exiting block B\");\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" println!(\"Exiting block A\");\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" drop(a);\n"
|
|
" println!(\"Exiting main\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/traits/drop.md:36
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Why does not `Drop::drop` take `self`?\n"
|
|
" * Short-answer: If it did, `std::mem::drop` would be called at the end of\n"
|
|
" the block, resulting in another call to `Drop::drop`, and a stack\n"
|
|
" overflow!\n"
|
|
"* Try replacing `drop(a)` with `a.drop()`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Warum nimmt `Drop::drop` nicht `self`?\n"
|
|
" * Kurzantwort: Wenn ja, würde `std::mem::drop` am Ende von aufgerufen werden\n"
|
|
" den Block, was zu einem weiteren Aufruf von `Drop::drop` und einem Stack führt\n"
|
|
" Überlauf!\n"
|
|
"* Versuchen Sie, `drop(a)` durch `a.drop()` zu ersetzen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Generics"
|
|
msgstr "# Generika"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust support generics, which lets you abstract an algorithm (such as sorting)\n"
|
|
"over the types used in the algorithm."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust unterstützt Generika, mit denen Sie einen Algorithmus abstrahieren können (z. B. Sortieren)\n"
|
|
"über die im Algorithmus verwendeten Typen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/data-types.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Generic Data Types"
|
|
msgstr "# Generische Datentypen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/data-types.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "You can use generics to abstract over the concrete field type:"
|
|
msgstr "Mit Generika können Sie über den konkreten Feldtyp abstrahieren:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/data-types.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"#[derive(Debug)]\n"
|
|
"struct Point<T> {\n"
|
|
" x: T,\n"
|
|
" y: T,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/data-types.md:12
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let integer = Point { x: 5, y: 10 };\n"
|
|
" let float = Point { x: 1.0, y: 4.0 };\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{integer:?} and {float:?}\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/methods.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Generic Methods"
|
|
msgstr "# Generische Methoden"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/methods.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "You can declare a generic type on your `impl` block:"
|
|
msgstr "Sie können einen generischen Typ in Ihrem `impl`-Block deklarieren:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/methods.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"#[derive(Debug)]\n"
|
|
"struct Point<T>(T, T);"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/methods.md:9
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"impl<T> Point<T> {\n"
|
|
" fn x(&self) -> &T {\n"
|
|
" &self.0 // + 10\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"imple<T> Punkt<T> {\n"
|
|
" fn x(&selbst) -> &T {\n"
|
|
" &self.0 // + 10\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/methods.md:14
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" // fn set_x(&mut self, x: T)\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" // fn set_x(&mut selbst, x: T)\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/methods.md:17
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let p = Point(5, 10);\n"
|
|
" println!(\"p.x = {}\", p.x());\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/methods.md:25
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* *Q:* Why `T` is specified twice in `impl<T> Point<T> {}`? Isn't that redundant?\n"
|
|
" * This is because it is a generic implementation section for generic type. They are "
|
|
"independently generic.\n"
|
|
" * It means these methods are defined for any `T`.\n"
|
|
" * It is possible to write `impl Point<u32> { .. }`. \n"
|
|
" * `Point` is still generic and you can use `Point<f64>`, but methods in this block will only "
|
|
"be available for `Point<u32>`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* *F:* Warum wird `T` zweimal in `impl<T> Point<T> {}` angegeben? Ist das nicht überflüssig?\n"
|
|
" * Dies liegt daran, dass es sich um einen generischen Implementierungsabschnitt für einen "
|
|
"generischen Typ handelt. Sie sind unabhängig generisch.\n"
|
|
" * Dies bedeutet, dass diese Methoden für jedes `T` definiert sind.\n"
|
|
" * Es ist möglich `impl Point<u32> { .. }` zu schreiben.\n"
|
|
" * „Point“ ist immer noch generisch und Sie können „Point<f64>“ verwenden, aber Methoden in "
|
|
"diesem Block sind nur für „Point<u32>“ verfügbar."
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Trait Bounds"
|
|
msgstr "# Eigenschaftsgrenzen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"When working with generics, you often want to limit the types. You can do this\n"
|
|
"with `T: Trait` or `impl Trait`:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Wenn Sie mit Generika arbeiten, möchten Sie häufig die Typen einschränken. Du kannst das\n"
|
|
"mit `T:Trait` oder `impl Trait`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md:6
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn duplicate<T: Clone>(a: T) -> (T, T) {\n"
|
|
" (a.clone(), a.clone())\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md:11
|
|
msgid "// struct NotClonable;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md:13
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let foo = String::from(\"foo\");\n"
|
|
" let pair = duplicate(foo);\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{pair:?}\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md:22
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,ignore\n"
|
|
"fn duplicate<T>(a: T) -> (T, T)\n"
|
|
"where\n"
|
|
" T: Clone,\n"
|
|
"{\n"
|
|
" (a.clone(), a.clone())\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md:33
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* It declutters the function signature if you have many parameters.\n"
|
|
"* It has additional features making it more powerful.\n"
|
|
" * If someone asks, the extra feature is that the type on the left of \":\" can be arbitrary, "
|
|
"like `Option<T>`.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"</details>"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Es entrümpelt die Funktionssignatur, wenn Sie viele Parameter haben.\n"
|
|
"* Es hat zusätzliche Funktionen, die es leistungsfähiger machen.\n"
|
|
" * Wenn jemand fragt, das zusätzliche Feature ist, dass der Typ links von \":\" beliebig sein "
|
|
"kann, wie `Option<T>`.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"</Details>"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/impl-trait.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# `impl Trait`"
|
|
msgstr "# `imple Merkmal`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/impl-trait.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Similar to trait bounds, an `impl Trait` syntax can be used in function\n"
|
|
"arguments and return values:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ähnlich wie Merkmalsgrenzen kann eine \"impl Trait\"-Syntax in Funktion verwendet werden\n"
|
|
"Argumente und Rückgabewerte:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/impl-trait.md:6 src/generics/trait-objects.md:5 src/generics/trait-objects.md:28
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"use std::fmt::Display;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/impl-trait.md:9
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn get_x(name: impl Display) -> impl Display {\n"
|
|
" format!(\"Hello {name}\")\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"fn get_x(name: impl Display) -> impl Display {\n"
|
|
" format!(\"Hallo {Name}\")\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/impl-trait.md:13
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let x = get_x(\"foo\");\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{x}\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/impl-trait.md:19
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* `impl Trait` cannot be used with the `::<>` turbo fish syntax.\n"
|
|
"* `impl Trait` allows you to work with types which you cannot name."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* `impl Trait` kann nicht mit der `::<>` Turbofish-Syntax verwendet werden.\n"
|
|
"* `impl Trait` ermöglicht es Ihnen, mit Typen zu arbeiten, die Sie nicht benennen können."
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/impl-trait.md:24
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "The meaning of `impl Trait` is a bit different in the different positions."
|
|
msgstr "Die Bedeutung von „impl Trait“ ist in den verschiedenen Positionen etwas unterschiedlich."
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/impl-trait.md:26
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* For a parameter, `impl Trait` is like an anonymous generic parameter with a trait bound.\n"
|
|
"* For a return type, it means that the return type is some concrete type that implements the "
|
|
"trait,\n"
|
|
" without naming the type. This can be useful when you don't want to expose the concrete type in "
|
|
"a\n"
|
|
" public API."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Für einen Parameter ist `impl Trait` wie ein anonymer generischer Parameter mit einer "
|
|
"Eigenschaftsbindung.\n"
|
|
"* Für einen Rückgabetyp bedeutet dies, dass der Rückgabetyp ein konkreter Typ ist, der die "
|
|
"Eigenschaft implementiert,\n"
|
|
" ohne den Typ zu nennen. Dies kann nützlich sein, wenn Sie den konkreten Typ in a nicht verfügbar "
|
|
"machen möchten\n"
|
|
" öffentliche API."
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/impl-trait.md:31
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This example is great, because it uses `impl Display` twice. It helps to explain that\n"
|
|
"nothing here enforces that it is _the same_ `impl Display` type. If we used a single \n"
|
|
"`T: Display`, it would enforce the constraint that input `T` and return `T` type are the same "
|
|
"type.\n"
|
|
"It would not work for this particular function, as the type we expect as input is likely not\n"
|
|
"what `format!` returns. If we wanted to do the same via `: Display` syntax, we'd need two\n"
|
|
"independent generic parameters.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"</details>"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Dieses Beispiel ist großartig, weil es `impl Display` zweimal verwendet. Es hilft, das zu "
|
|
"erklären\n"
|
|
"nichts hier erzwingt, dass es _derselbe_ `impl Display`-Typ ist. Wenn wir eine Single benutzten\n"
|
|
"`T: Display`, es würde die Einschränkung erzwingen, dass der Eingabe-`T`- und der Rückgabe-`T-Typ "
|
|
"derselbe Typ sind.\n"
|
|
"Es würde für diese spezielle Funktion nicht funktionieren, da der Typ, den wir als Eingabe "
|
|
"erwarten, wahrscheinlich nicht der Fall ist\n"
|
|
"welches `format!` zurückgibt. Wenn wir dasselbe über die `: Display`-Syntax machen wollten, "
|
|
"bräuchten wir zwei\n"
|
|
"unabhängige generische Parameter.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"</details>"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/closures.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Closures"
|
|
msgstr "# Schließungen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/closures.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Closures or lambda expressions have types which cannot be named. However, they\n"
|
|
"implement special [`Fn`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Fn.html),\n"
|
|
"[`FnMut`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.FnMut.html), and\n"
|
|
"[`FnOnce`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.FnOnce.html) traits:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Closures oder Lambda-Ausdrücke haben Typen, die nicht benannt werden können. Allerdings sie\n"
|
|
"spezielles [`Fn`] implementieren (https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Fn.html),\n"
|
|
"[`FnMut`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.FnMut.html) und\n"
|
|
"[`FnOnce`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.FnOnce.html) Eigenschaften:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/closures.md:8
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn apply_with_log(func: impl FnOnce(i32) -> i32, input: i32) -> i32 {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"Calling function on {input}\");\n"
|
|
" func(input)\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/closures.md:14
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let add_3 = |x| x + 3;\n"
|
|
" let mul_5 = |x| x * 5;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/closures.md:18
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" println!(\"add_3: {}\", apply_with_log(add_3, 10));\n"
|
|
" println!(\"mul_5: {}\", apply_with_log(mul_5, 20));\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/closures.md:25
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "If you have an `FnOnce`, you may only call it once. It might consume captured values."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Wenn Sie ein `FnOnce` haben, können Sie es nur einmal aufrufen. Es kann erfasste Werte verbrauchen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/closures.md:27
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"An `FnMut` might mutate captured values, so you can call it multiple times but not concurrently."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ein `FnMut` kann erfasste Werte mutieren, sodass Sie es mehrmals, aber nicht gleichzeitig aufrufen "
|
|
"können."
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/closures.md:29
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"An `Fn` neither consumes nor mutates captured values, or perhaps captures nothing at all, so it "
|
|
"can\n"
|
|
"be called multiple times concurrently."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ein „Fn“ verbraucht oder mutiert erfasste Werte nicht oder erfasst vielleicht gar nichts, also "
|
|
"kann es das\n"
|
|
"mehrmals gleichzeitig aufgerufen werden."
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/closures.md:32
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`FnMut` is a subtype of `FnOnce`. `Fn` is a subtype of `FnMut` and `FnOnce`. I.e. you can use an\n"
|
|
"`FnMut` wherever an `FnOnce` is called for, and you can use an `Fn` wherever an `FnMut` or "
|
|
"`FnOnce`\n"
|
|
"is called for."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`FnMut` ist ein Untertyp von `FnOnce`. „Fn“ ist ein Untertyp von „FnMut“ und „FnOnce“. D.h. Sie "
|
|
"können eine verwenden\n"
|
|
"„FnMut“, wo immer ein „FnOnce“ verlangt wird, und Sie können ein „Fn“ überall dort verwenden, wo "
|
|
"ein „FnMut“ oder „FnOnce“ steht\n"
|
|
"ist angesagt."
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/closures.md:36
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "`move` closures only implement `FnOnce`."
|
|
msgstr "`move`-Closures implementieren nur `FnOnce`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/monomorphization.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Monomorphization"
|
|
msgstr "# Monomorphisierung"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/monomorphization.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Generic code is turned into non-generic code based on the call sites:"
|
|
msgstr "Basierend auf den Aufrufseiten wird generischer Code in nicht generischen Code umgewandelt:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/monomorphization.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let integer = Some(5);\n"
|
|
" let float = Some(5.0);\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/monomorphization.md:12
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "behaves as if you wrote"
|
|
msgstr "verhält sich so, als hättest du geschrieben"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/monomorphization.md:14
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"enum Option_i32 {\n"
|
|
" Some(i32),\n"
|
|
" None,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/monomorphization.md:20
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"enum Option_f64 {\n"
|
|
" Some(f64),\n"
|
|
" None,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Aufzählung Option_f64 {\n"
|
|
" Einige (f64),\n"
|
|
" Keiner,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/monomorphization.md:25
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let integer = Option_i32::Some(5);\n"
|
|
" let float = Option_f64::Some(5.0);\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/monomorphization.md:31
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This is a zero-cost abstraction: you get exactly the same result as if you had\n"
|
|
"hand-coded the data structures without the abstraction."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Dies ist eine Null-Kosten-Abstraktion: Sie erhalten genau das gleiche Ergebnis, als ob Sie es "
|
|
"hätten\n"
|
|
"die Datenstrukturen ohne die Abstraktion von Hand codiert."
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/trait-objects.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Trait Objects"
|
|
msgstr "# Eigenschaftsobjekte"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/trait-objects.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "We've seen how a function can take arguments which implement a trait:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Wir haben gesehen, wie eine Funktion Argumente annehmen kann, die ein Merkmal implementieren:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/trait-objects.md:8
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn print<T: Display>(x: T) {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"Your value: {}\", x);\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/trait-objects.md:12
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" print(123);\n"
|
|
" print(\"Hello\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/trait-objects.md:18
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "However, how can we store a collection of mixed types which implement `Display`?"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Wie können wir jedoch eine Sammlung gemischter Typen speichern, die \"Display\" implementieren?"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/trait-objects.md:20
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable,compile_fail\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let xs = vec![123, \"Hello\"];\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/trait-objects.md:26
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "For this, we need _trait objects_:"
|
|
msgstr "Dafür brauchen wir _trait objects_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/trait-objects.md:31
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let xs: Vec<Box<dyn Display>> = vec![Box::new(123), Box::new(\"Hello\")];\n"
|
|
" for x in xs {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"x: {x}\");\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/trait-objects.md:39
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Memory layout after allocating `xs`:"
|
|
msgstr "Speicherlayout nach Zuweisung von `xs`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/trait-objects.md:41
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```bob\n"
|
|
" Stack Heap\n"
|
|
".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -.\n"
|
|
": : : :\n"
|
|
": xs : : :\n"
|
|
": +-----------+-------+ : : +-----+-----+ :\n"
|
|
": | ptr | o---+---+-----+-->| o o | o o | :\n"
|
|
": | len | 2 | : : +-|-|-+-|-|-+ :\n"
|
|
": | capacity | 2 | : : | | | | +----+----+----+----+----+ :\n"
|
|
": +-----------+-------+ : : | | | '-->| H | e | l | l | o | :\n"
|
|
": : : | | | +----+----+----+----+----+ :\n"
|
|
"`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -' : | | | :\n"
|
|
" : | | | +-------------------------+ :\n"
|
|
" : | | '---->| \"<str as Display>::fmt\" | :\n"
|
|
" : | | +-------------------------+ :\n"
|
|
" : | | :\n"
|
|
" : | | +----+----+----+----+ :\n"
|
|
" : | '-->| 7b | 00 | 00 | 00 | :\n"
|
|
" : | +----+----+----+----+ :\n"
|
|
" : | :\n"
|
|
" : | +-------------------------+ :\n"
|
|
" : '---->| \"<i32 as Display>::fmt\" | :\n"
|
|
" : +-------------------------+ :\n"
|
|
" : :\n"
|
|
" : :\n"
|
|
" '- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/trait-objects.md:69
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Similarly, you need a trait object if you want to return different values\n"
|
|
"implementing a trait:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ebenso benötigen Sie ein Trait-Objekt, wenn Sie andere Werte zurückgeben möchten\n"
|
|
"Implementieren eines Merkmals:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/trait-objects.md:72
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn numbers(n: i32) -> Box<dyn Iterator<Item=i32>> {\n"
|
|
" if n > 0 {\n"
|
|
" Box::new(0..n)\n"
|
|
" } else {\n"
|
|
" Box::new((n..0).rev())\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/trait-objects.md:81
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{:?}\", numbers(-5).collect::<Vec<_>>());\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{:?}\", numbers(5).collect::<Vec<_>>());\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/morning.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Day 3: Morning Exercises"
|
|
msgstr "# Tag 3: Morgengymnastik"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/morning.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "We will design a classical GUI library traits and trait objects."
|
|
msgstr "Wir werden Traits und Trait-Objekte einer klassischen GUI-Bibliothek entwerfen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/simple-gui.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# A Simple GUI Library"
|
|
msgstr "# Eine einfache GUI-Bibliothek"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/simple-gui.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Let us design a classical GUI library using our new knowledge of traits and\n"
|
|
"trait objects."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Lassen Sie uns eine klassische GUI-Bibliothek mit unserem neuen Wissen über Traits und entwerfen\n"
|
|
"Eigenschaftsobjekte."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/simple-gui.md:6
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "We will have a number of widgets in our library:"
|
|
msgstr "Wir werden eine Reihe von Widgets in unserer Bibliothek haben:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/simple-gui.md:8
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* `Window`: has a `title` and contains other widgets.\n"
|
|
"* `Button`: has a `label` and a callback function which is invoked when the\n"
|
|
" button is pressed.\n"
|
|
"* `Label`: has a `label`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* „Fenster“: hat einen „Titel“ und enthält andere Widgets.\n"
|
|
"* `Button`: hat ein `Label` und eine Callback-Funktion, die aufgerufen wird, wenn die\n"
|
|
" Taste gedrückt wird.\n"
|
|
"* `Label`: hat ein `Label`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/simple-gui.md:13
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "The widgets will implement a `Widget` trait, see below."
|
|
msgstr "Die Widgets implementieren ein „Widget“-Merkmal, siehe unten."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/simple-gui.md:15
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Copy the code below to <https://play.rust-lang.org/>, fill in the missing\n"
|
|
"`draw_into` methods so that you implement the `Widget` trait:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Kopieren Sie den folgenden Code nach <https://play.rust-lang.org/> und füllen Sie die fehlenden "
|
|
"aus\n"
|
|
"`draw_into`-Methoden, sodass Sie das `Widget`-Merkmal implementieren:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/simple-gui.md:18 src/exercises/day-3/safe-ffi-wrapper.md:25
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,should_panic\n"
|
|
"// TODO: remove this when you're done with your implementation.\n"
|
|
"#![allow(unused_imports, unused_variables, dead_code)]"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/simple-gui.md:22
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"pub trait Widget {\n"
|
|
" /// Natural width of `self`.\n"
|
|
" fn width(&self) -> usize;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/simple-gui.md:26 src/exercises/day-3/solutions-morning.md:27
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" /// Draw the widget into a buffer.\n"
|
|
" fn draw_into(&self, buffer: &mut dyn std::fmt::Write);"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/simple-gui.md:29 src/exercises/day-3/solutions-morning.md:30
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" /// Draw the widget on standard output.\n"
|
|
" fn draw(&self) {\n"
|
|
" let mut buffer = String::new();\n"
|
|
" self.draw_into(&mut buffer);\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{}\", &buffer);\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/simple-gui.md:37 src/exercises/day-3/solutions-morning.md:38
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"pub struct Label {\n"
|
|
" label: String,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Pub-Struktur Label {\n"
|
|
" Label: Zeichenkette,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/simple-gui.md:41 src/exercises/day-3/solutions-morning.md:42
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"impl Label {\n"
|
|
" fn new(label: &str) -> Label {\n"
|
|
" Label {\n"
|
|
" label: label.to_owned(),\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"impl Label {\n"
|
|
" fn new(label: &str) -> Label {\n"
|
|
" Etikett {\n"
|
|
" Bezeichnung: label.to_owned(),\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/simple-gui.md:49 src/exercises/day-3/solutions-morning.md:50
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"pub struct Button {\n"
|
|
" label: Label,\n"
|
|
" callback: Box<dyn FnMut()>,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"pub struct Schaltfläche {\n"
|
|
" Etikett: Etikett,\n"
|
|
" Rückruf: Box<dyn FnMut()>,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/simple-gui.md:54 src/exercises/day-3/solutions-morning.md:55
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"impl Button {\n"
|
|
" fn new(label: &str, callback: Box<dyn FnMut()>) -> Button {\n"
|
|
" Button {\n"
|
|
" label: Label::new(label),\n"
|
|
" callback,\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"impl-Schaltfläche {\n"
|
|
" fn new(label: &str, callback: Box<dyn FnMut()>) -> Button {\n"
|
|
" Taste {\n"
|
|
" Label: Label::neu(Label),\n"
|
|
" Ruf zurück,\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/simple-gui.md:63 src/exercises/day-3/solutions-morning.md:64
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"pub struct Window {\n"
|
|
" title: String,\n"
|
|
" widgets: Vec<Box<dyn Widget>>,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"pub struct Fenster {\n"
|
|
" Titel: Zeichenkette,\n"
|
|
" Widgets: Vec<Box<dyn Widget>>,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/simple-gui.md:68 src/exercises/day-3/solutions-morning.md:69
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"impl Window {\n"
|
|
" fn new(title: &str) -> Window {\n"
|
|
" Window {\n"
|
|
" title: title.to_owned(),\n"
|
|
" widgets: Vec::new(),\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"impl-Fenster {\n"
|
|
" fn new(title: &str) -> Fenster {\n"
|
|
" Fenster {\n"
|
|
" Titel: title.to_owned(),\n"
|
|
" Widgets: Vec::new(),\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/simple-gui.md:76 src/exercises/day-3/solutions-morning.md:77
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" fn add_widget(&mut self, widget: Box<dyn Widget>) {\n"
|
|
" self.widgets.push(widget);\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/simple-gui.md:82
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"impl Widget for Label {\n"
|
|
" fn width(&self) -> usize {\n"
|
|
" unimplemented!()\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"impl-Widget für Label {\n"
|
|
" fn width(&self) -> use {\n"
|
|
" nicht implementiert!()\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/simple-gui.md:87 src/exercises/day-3/simple-gui.md:97
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/simple-gui.md:107
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" fn draw_into(&self, buffer: &mut dyn std::fmt::Write) {\n"
|
|
" unimplemented!()\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" fn draw_into(&self, buffer: &mut dyn std::fmt::Write) {\n"
|
|
" nicht implementiert!()\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/simple-gui.md:92
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"impl Widget for Button {\n"
|
|
" fn width(&self) -> usize {\n"
|
|
" unimplemented!()\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"impl-Widget für Schaltfläche {\n"
|
|
" fn width(&self) -> use {\n"
|
|
" nicht implementiert!()\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/simple-gui.md:102
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"impl Widget for Window {\n"
|
|
" fn width(&self) -> usize {\n"
|
|
" unimplemented!()\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"impl-Widget für Fenster {\n"
|
|
" fn width(&self) -> use {\n"
|
|
" nicht implementiert!()\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/simple-gui.md:112
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let mut window = Window::new(\"Rust GUI Demo 1.23\");\n"
|
|
" window.add_widget(Box::new(Label::new(\"This is a small text GUI demo.\")));\n"
|
|
" window.add_widget(Box::new(Button::new(\n"
|
|
" \"Click me!\",\n"
|
|
" Box::new(|| println!(\"You clicked the button!\")),\n"
|
|
" )));\n"
|
|
" window.draw();\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/simple-gui.md:123
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "The output of the above program can be something simple like this:"
|
|
msgstr "Die Ausgabe des obigen Programms kann so einfach sein:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/simple-gui.md:125
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```text\n"
|
|
"========\n"
|
|
"Rust GUI Demo 1.23\n"
|
|
"========"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/simple-gui.md:130
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "This is a small text GUI demo."
|
|
msgstr "Dies ist eine kleine Text-GUI-Demo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/simple-gui.md:132
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"| Click me! |\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/simple-gui.md:135
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If you want to draw aligned text, you can use the\n"
|
|
"[fill/alignment](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/index.html#fillalignment)\n"
|
|
"formatting operators. In particular, notice how you can pad with different\n"
|
|
"characters (here a `'/'`) and how you can control alignment:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Wenn Sie ausgerichteten Text zeichnen möchten, können Sie die verwenden\n"
|
|
"[fill/alignment](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/index.html#fillalignment)\n"
|
|
"Formatierungsoperatoren. Beachten Sie insbesondere, wie Sie mit verschiedenen auffüllen können\n"
|
|
"Zeichen (hier ein `'/'`) und wie Sie die Ausrichtung steuern können:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/simple-gui.md:140
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let width = 10;\n"
|
|
" println!(\"left aligned: |{:/<width$}|\", \"foo\");\n"
|
|
" println!(\"centered: |{:/^width$}|\", \"foo\");\n"
|
|
" println!(\"right aligned: |{:/>width$}|\", \"foo\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/simple-gui.md:149
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Using such alignment tricks, you can for example produce output like this:"
|
|
msgstr "Mit solchen Ausrichtungstricks können Sie beispielsweise eine Ausgabe wie diese erzeugen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/simple-gui.md:151
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```text\n"
|
|
"+--------------------------------+\n"
|
|
"| Rust GUI Demo 1.23 |\n"
|
|
"+================================+\n"
|
|
"| This is a small text GUI demo. |\n"
|
|
"| +-----------+ |\n"
|
|
"| | Click me! | |\n"
|
|
"| +-----------+ |\n"
|
|
"+--------------------------------+\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Error Handling"
|
|
msgstr "# Fehlerbehandlung"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Error handling in Rust is done using explicit control flow:"
|
|
msgstr "Die Fehlerbehandlung in Rust erfolgt über einen expliziten Kontrollfluss:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Functions that can have errors list this in their return type,\n"
|
|
"* There are no exceptions."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Funktionen, die Fehler haben können, führen dies in ihrem Rückgabetyp auf,\n"
|
|
"* Es gibt keine Ausnahmen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/panics.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Panics"
|
|
msgstr "# Panik"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/panics.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Rust will trigger a panic if a fatal error happens at runtime:"
|
|
msgstr "Rust löst eine Panik aus, wenn zur Laufzeit ein schwerwiegender Fehler auftritt:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/panics.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable,should_panic\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let v = vec![10, 20, 30];\n"
|
|
" println!(\"v[100]: {}\", v[100]);\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/panics.md:12
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Panics are for unrecoverable and unexpected errors.\n"
|
|
" * Panics are symptoms of bugs in the program.\n"
|
|
"* Use non-panicking APIs (such as `Vec::get`) if crashing is not acceptable."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Paniken sind für nicht behebbare und unerwartete Fehler.\n"
|
|
" * Paniken sind Symptome von Fehlern im Programm.\n"
|
|
"* Verwenden Sie Anti-Panik-APIs (wie `Vec::get`), wenn ein Absturz nicht akzeptabel ist."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/panic-unwind.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Catching the Stack Unwinding"
|
|
msgstr "# Auffangen des Stapels beim Abwickeln"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/panic-unwind.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "By default, a panic will cause the stack to unwind. The unwinding can be caught:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Standardmäßig führt eine Panik dazu, dass der Stack abgewickelt wird. Die Abwicklung kann gefangen "
|
|
"werden:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/panic-unwind.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust\n"
|
|
"use std::panic;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/panic-unwind.md:8
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"let result = panic::catch_unwind(|| {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"hello!\");\n"
|
|
"});\n"
|
|
"assert!(result.is_ok());"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/panic-unwind.md:13
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"let result = panic::catch_unwind(|| {\n"
|
|
" panic!(\"oh no!\");\n"
|
|
"});\n"
|
|
"assert!(result.is_err());\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/panic-unwind.md:19
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* This can be useful in servers which should keep running even if a single\n"
|
|
" request crashes.\n"
|
|
"* This does not work if `panic = 'abort'` is set in your `Cargo.toml`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Dies kann bei Servern nützlich sein, die auch bei einem einzigen weiterlaufen sollen\n"
|
|
" Anfrage stürzt ab.\n"
|
|
"* Dies funktioniert nicht, wenn in Ihrer `Cargo.toml` `panic = 'abort'` gesetzt ist."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/result.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Structured Error Handling with `Result`"
|
|
msgstr "# Strukturierte Fehlerbehandlung mit `Result`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/result.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"We have already seen the `Result` enum. This is used pervasively when errors are\n"
|
|
"expected as part of normal operation:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Wir haben bereits die Aufzählung `Result` gesehen. Dies wird häufig verwendet, wenn Fehler "
|
|
"vorhanden sind\n"
|
|
"erwartet im Rahmen des Normalbetriebs:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/result.md:6
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust\n"
|
|
"use std::fs::File;\n"
|
|
"use std::io::Read;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/result.md:10
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let file = File::open(\"diary.txt\");\n"
|
|
" match file {\n"
|
|
" Ok(mut file) => {\n"
|
|
" let mut contents = String::new();\n"
|
|
" file.read_to_string(&mut contents);\n"
|
|
" println!(\"Dear diary: {contents}\");\n"
|
|
" },\n"
|
|
" Err(err) => {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"The diary could not be opened: {err}\");\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/result.md:27
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" * As with `Option`, the successful value sits inside of `Result`, forcing the developer to\n"
|
|
" explicitly extract it. This encourages error checking. In the case where an error should never "
|
|
"happen,\n"
|
|
" `unwrap()` or `expect()` can be called, and this is a signal of the developer intent too. \n"
|
|
" * `Result` documentation is a recommended read. Not during the course, but it is worth "
|
|
"mentioning. \n"
|
|
" It contains a lot of convenience methods and functions that help functional-style "
|
|
"programming. \n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"</details>"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" * Wie bei `Option` befindet sich der erfolgreiche Wert innerhalb von `Result`, was den "
|
|
"Entwickler dazu zwingt\n"
|
|
" explizit extrahieren. Dies fördert die Fehlerprüfung. Für den Fall, dass niemals ein Fehler "
|
|
"passieren sollte,\n"
|
|
" `unwrap()` oder `expect()` können aufgerufen werden, und dies ist auch ein Signal für die "
|
|
"Absicht des Entwicklers.\n"
|
|
" * Die `Result`-Dokumentation ist eine empfohlene Lektüre. Nicht während des Kurses, aber es ist "
|
|
"erwähnenswert.\n"
|
|
" Es enthält viele bequeme Methoden und Funktionen, die bei der funktionalen Programmierung "
|
|
"helfen.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"</Details>"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try-operator.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Propagating Errors with `?`"
|
|
msgstr "# Propagieren von Fehlern mit `?`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try-operator.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The try-operator `?` is used to return errors to the caller. It lets you turn\n"
|
|
"the common"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Der Try-Operator `?` wird verwendet, um Fehler an den Aufrufer zurückzugeben. Es lässt dich "
|
|
"drehen\n"
|
|
"das gemeine"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try-operator.md:6
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,ignore\n"
|
|
"match some_expression {\n"
|
|
" Ok(value) => value,\n"
|
|
" Err(err) => return Err(err),\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try-operator.md:13
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "into the much simpler"
|
|
msgstr "ins viel einfachere"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try-operator.md:15
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,ignore\n"
|
|
"some_expression?\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try-operator.md:19
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "We can use this to simplify our error handing code:"
|
|
msgstr "Wir können dies verwenden, um unseren Fehlerbehandlungscode zu vereinfachen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try-operator.md:21
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"use std::fs;\n"
|
|
"use std::io::{self, Read};"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try-operator.md:25
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn read_username(path: &str) -> Result<String, io::Error> {\n"
|
|
" let username_file_result = fs::File::open(path);"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try-operator.md:28
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" let mut username_file = match username_file_result {\n"
|
|
" Ok(file) => file,\n"
|
|
" Err(e) => return Err(e),\n"
|
|
" };"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try-operator.md:33
|
|
msgid " let mut username = String::new();"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try-operator.md:35
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" match username_file.read_to_string(&mut username) {\n"
|
|
" Ok(_) => Ok(username),\n"
|
|
" Err(e) => Err(e),\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" match username_file.read_to_string(&mut username) {\n"
|
|
" Ok(_) => Ok(Benutzername),\n"
|
|
" Fehler(e) => Fehler(e),\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try-operator.md:41
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" //fs::write(\"config.dat\", \"alice\").unwrap();\n"
|
|
" let username = read_username(\"config.dat\");\n"
|
|
" println!(\"username or error: {username:?}\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try-operator.md:52 src/error-handling/converting-error-types.md:70
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* The `username` variable can be either `Ok(string)` or `Err(error)`.\n"
|
|
"* Use the `fs::write` call to test out the different scenarios: no file, empty file, file with "
|
|
"username."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Die Variable „username“ kann entweder „Ok(string)“ oder „Err(error)“ sein.\n"
|
|
"* Verwenden Sie den `fs::write`-Aufruf, um die verschiedenen Szenarien zu testen: keine Datei, "
|
|
"leere Datei, Datei mit Benutzername."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/converting-error-types.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Converting Error Types"
|
|
msgstr "# Konvertieren von Fehlertypen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/converting-error-types.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "The effective expansion of `?` is a little more complicated than previously indicated:"
|
|
msgstr "Die effektive Erweiterung von „?“ ist etwas komplizierter als zuvor angedeutet:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/converting-error-types.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,ignore\n"
|
|
"expression?\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/converting-error-types.md:9
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "works the same as"
|
|
msgstr "funktioniert genauso wie"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/converting-error-types.md:11
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,ignore\n"
|
|
"match expression {\n"
|
|
" Ok(value) => value,\n"
|
|
" Err(err) => return Err(From::from(err)),\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/converting-error-types.md:18
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `From::from` call here means we attempt to convert the error type to the\n"
|
|
"type returned by the function:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Der `From::from`-Aufruf hier bedeutet, dass wir versuchen, den Fehlertyp in den zu konvertieren\n"
|
|
"Typ, der von der Funktion zurückgegeben wird:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/converting-error-types.md:21
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"use std::error::Error;\n"
|
|
"use std::{fs, io};\n"
|
|
"use std::io::Read;\n"
|
|
"use std::fmt::{self, Display, Formatter};"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/converting-error-types.md:27
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"#[derive(Debug)]\n"
|
|
"enum ReadUsernameError {\n"
|
|
" IoError(io::Error),\n"
|
|
" EmptyUsername(String),\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"#[ableiten(Debuggen)]\n"
|
|
"enum ReadUsernameError {\n"
|
|
" IoError(io::Fehler),\n"
|
|
" LeererBenutzername(String),\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/converting-error-types.md:33
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "impl Error for ReadUsernameError {}"
|
|
msgstr "impl-Fehler für ReadUsernameError {}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/converting-error-types.md:35
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"impl Display for ReadUsernameError {\n"
|
|
" fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter) -> fmt::Result {\n"
|
|
" match self {\n"
|
|
" Self::IoError(e) => write!(f, \"IO error: {}\", e),\n"
|
|
" Self::EmptyUsername(filename) => write!(f, \"Found no username in {}\", filename),\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"impl Anzeige für ReadUsernameError {\n"
|
|
" fn fmt(&self, f: &mut Formatter) -> fmt::Result {\n"
|
|
" mit sich selbst übereinstimmen {\n"
|
|
" Self::IoError(e) => write!(f, \"IO error: {}\", e),\n"
|
|
" Self::EmptyUsername(filename) => write!(f, \"Keinen Benutzernamen gefunden in {}\", "
|
|
"filename),\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/converting-error-types.md:44
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"impl From<io::Error> for ReadUsernameError {\n"
|
|
" fn from(err: io::Error) -> ReadUsernameError {\n"
|
|
" ReadUsernameError::IoError(err)\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"impl From<io::Error> für ReadUsernameError {\n"
|
|
" fn from(err: io::Error) -> ReadUsernameError {\n"
|
|
" ReadUsernameError::IoError(err)\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/converting-error-types.md:50 src/error-handling/deriving-error-enums.md:19
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn read_username(path: &str) -> Result<String, ReadUsernameError> {\n"
|
|
" let mut username = String::with_capacity(100);\n"
|
|
" fs::File::open(path)?.read_to_string(&mut username)?;\n"
|
|
" if username.is_empty() {\n"
|
|
" return Err(ReadUsernameError::EmptyUsername(String::from(path)));\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" Ok(username)\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/converting-error-types.md:59
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" //fs::write(\"config.dat\", \"\").unwrap();\n"
|
|
" let username = read_username(\"config.dat\");\n"
|
|
" println!(\"username or error: {username:?}\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/converting-error-types.md:73
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"It is good practice for all error types to implement `std::error::Error`, which requires `Debug` "
|
|
"and\n"
|
|
"`Display`. It's generally helpful for them to implement `Clone` and `Eq` too where possible, to "
|
|
"make\n"
|
|
"life easier for tests and consumers of your library. In this case we can't easily do so, because\n"
|
|
"`io::Error` doesn't implement them."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Es ist eine gute Praxis für alle Fehlertypen, `std::error::Error` zu implementieren, was `Debug` "
|
|
"und erfordert\n"
|
|
"\"Anzeigen\". Es ist im Allgemeinen hilfreich für sie, `Clone` und `Eq` zu implementieren, wo es "
|
|
"möglich ist, zu machen\n"
|
|
"das Leben einfacher für Tests und Benutzer Ihrer Bibliothek. In diesem Fall können wir das nicht "
|
|
"so einfach tun, weil\n"
|
|
"`io::Error` implementiert sie nicht."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/deriving-error-enums.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Deriving Error Enums"
|
|
msgstr "# Fehleraufzählungen ableiten"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/deriving-error-enums.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The [thiserror](https://docs.rs/thiserror/) crate is a popular way to create an\n"
|
|
"error enum like we did on the previous page:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Die Kiste [thiserror](https://docs.rs/thiserror/) ist eine beliebte Methode zum Erstellen einer\n"
|
|
"error enum wie auf der vorherigen Seite:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/deriving-error-enums.md:6
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable,compile_fail\n"
|
|
"use std::{fs, io};\n"
|
|
"use std::io::Read;\n"
|
|
"use thiserror::Error;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/deriving-error-enums.md:11
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"#[derive(Debug, Error)]\n"
|
|
"enum ReadUsernameError {\n"
|
|
" #[error(\"Could not read: {0}\")]\n"
|
|
" IoError(#[from] io::Error),\n"
|
|
" #[error(\"Found no username in {0}\")]\n"
|
|
" EmptyUsername(String),\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"#[ableiten(Debug, Fehler)]\n"
|
|
"enum ReadUsernameError {\n"
|
|
" #[error(\"Konnte nicht gelesen werden: {0}\")]\n"
|
|
" IoError(#[von] io::Fehler),\n"
|
|
" #[error(\"Keinen Benutzernamen in {0} gefunden\")]\n"
|
|
" LeererBenutzername(String),\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/deriving-error-enums.md:28 src/error-handling/dynamic-errors.md:25
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" //fs::write(\"config.dat\", \"\").unwrap();\n"
|
|
" match read_username(\"config.dat\") {\n"
|
|
" Ok(username) => println!(\"Username: {username}\"),\n"
|
|
" Err(err) => println!(\"Error: {err}\"),\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/deriving-error-enums.md:39
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`thiserror`'s derive macro automatically implements `std::error::Error`, and optionally `Display`\n"
|
|
"(if the `#[error(...)]` attributes are provided) and `From` (if the `#[from]` attribute is "
|
|
"added).\n"
|
|
"It also works for structs."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Das Ableitungsmakro von `thiserror` implementiert automatisch `std::error::Error` und optional "
|
|
"`Display`\n"
|
|
"(wenn die `#[error(...)]`-Attribute bereitgestellt werden) und `From` (wenn das `#[from]`-Attribut "
|
|
"hinzugefügt wird).\n"
|
|
"Es funktioniert auch für Strukturen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/deriving-error-enums.md:43
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "It doesn't affect your public API, which makes it good for libraries."
|
|
msgstr "Es wirkt sich nicht auf Ihre öffentliche API aus, was es gut für Bibliotheken macht."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/dynamic-errors.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Dynamic Error Types"
|
|
msgstr "# Dynamische Fehlertypen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/dynamic-errors.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Sometimes we want to allow any type of error to be returned without writing our own enum covering\n"
|
|
"all the different possibilities. `std::error::Error` makes this easy."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Manchmal möchten wir zulassen, dass jede Art von Fehler zurückgegeben wird, ohne unsere eigene "
|
|
"Enum-Abdeckung zu schreiben\n"
|
|
"all die verschiedenen Möglichkeiten. `std::error::Error` macht das einfach."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/dynamic-errors.md:6
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable,compile_fail\n"
|
|
"use std::fs::{self, File};\n"
|
|
"use std::io::Read;\n"
|
|
"use thiserror::Error;\n"
|
|
"use std::error::Error;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/dynamic-errors.md:12
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, Error, PartialEq)]\n"
|
|
"#[error(\"Found no username in {0}\")]\n"
|
|
"struct EmptyUsernameError(String);"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/dynamic-errors.md:16
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn read_username(path: &str) -> Result<String, Box<dyn Error>> {\n"
|
|
" let mut username = String::with_capacity(100);\n"
|
|
" File::open(path)?.read_to_string(&mut username)?;\n"
|
|
" if username.is_empty() {\n"
|
|
" return Err(EmptyUsernameError(String::from(path)).into());\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" Ok(username)\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/dynamic-errors.md:36
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This saves on code, but gives up the ability to cleanly handle different error cases differently "
|
|
"in\n"
|
|
"the program. As such it's generally not a good idea to use `Box<dyn Error>` in the public API of "
|
|
"a\n"
|
|
"library, but it can be a good option in a program where you just want to display the error "
|
|
"message\n"
|
|
"somewhere."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Dies spart Code, gibt aber die Möglichkeit auf, verschiedene Fehlerfälle sauber unterschiedlich zu "
|
|
"behandeln\n"
|
|
"das Programm. Daher ist es im Allgemeinen keine gute Idee, `Box<dyn Error>` in der öffentlichen "
|
|
"API von a zu verwenden\n"
|
|
"Bibliothek, aber es kann eine gute Option in einem Programm sein, in dem Sie nur die Fehlermeldung "
|
|
"anzeigen möchten\n"
|
|
"irgendwo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/error-contexts.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Adding Context to Errors"
|
|
msgstr "# Hinzufügen von Kontext zu Fehlern"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/error-contexts.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The widely used [anyhow](https://docs.rs/anyhow/) crate can help you add\n"
|
|
"contextual information to your errors and allows you to have fewer\n"
|
|
"custom error types:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Die weit verbreitete Kiste [anyhow](https://docs.rs/anyhow/) kann Ihnen beim Hinzufügen helfen\n"
|
|
"Kontextinformationen zu Ihren Fehlern und ermöglicht es Ihnen, weniger zu haben\n"
|
|
"benutzerdefinierte Fehlertypen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/error-contexts.md:7
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable,compile_fail\n"
|
|
"use std::{fs, io};\n"
|
|
"use std::io::Read;\n"
|
|
"use anyhow::{Context, Result, bail};"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/error-contexts.md:12
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn read_username(path: &str) -> Result<String> {\n"
|
|
" let mut username = String::with_capacity(100);\n"
|
|
" fs::File::open(path)\n"
|
|
" .context(format!(\"Failed to open {path}\"))?\n"
|
|
" .read_to_string(&mut username)\n"
|
|
" .context(\"Failed to read\")?;\n"
|
|
" if username.is_empty() {\n"
|
|
" bail!(\"Found no username in {path}\");\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" Ok(username)\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/error-contexts.md:24
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" //fs::write(\"config.dat\", \"\").unwrap();\n"
|
|
" match read_username(\"config.dat\") {\n"
|
|
" Ok(username) => println!(\"Username: {username}\"),\n"
|
|
" Err(err) => println!(\"Error: {err:?}\"),\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/error-contexts.md:35
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* `anyhow::Result<V>` is a type alias for `Result<V, anyhow::Error>`.\n"
|
|
"* `anyhow::Error` is essentially a wrapper around `Box<dyn Error>`. As such it's again generally "
|
|
"not\n"
|
|
" a good choice for the public API of a library, but is widely used in applications.\n"
|
|
"* Actual error type inside of it can be extracted for examination if necessary.\n"
|
|
"* Functionality provided by `anyhow::Result<T>` may be familiar to Go developers, as it provides\n"
|
|
" similar usage patterns and ergonomics to `(T, error)` from Go."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* `anyhow::Result<V>` ist ein Typ-Alias für `Result<V, anyhow::Error>`.\n"
|
|
"* `anyhow::Error` ist im Wesentlichen ein Wrapper um `Box<dyn Error>`. Als solches ist es wieder "
|
|
"im Allgemeinen nicht\n"
|
|
" eine gute Wahl für die öffentliche API einer Bibliothek, wird aber häufig in Anwendungen "
|
|
"verwendet.\n"
|
|
"* Der darin enthaltene tatsächliche Fehlertyp kann bei Bedarf zur Untersuchung extrahiert werden.\n"
|
|
"* Die von `anyhow::Result<T>` bereitgestellte Funktionalität ist Go-Entwicklern möglicherweise "
|
|
"vertraut, da sie bereitgestellt wird\n"
|
|
" ähnliche Nutzungsmuster und Ergonomie wie `(T, error)` von Go."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Testing"
|
|
msgstr "# Testen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Rust and Cargo come with a simple unit test framework:"
|
|
msgstr "Rust und Cargo verfügen über ein einfaches Unit-Test-Framework:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* Unit tests are supported throughout your code."
|
|
msgstr "* Komponententests werden im gesamten Code unterstützt."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing.md:7
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* Integration tests are supported via the `tests/` directory."
|
|
msgstr "* Integrationstests werden über das Verzeichnis „tests/“ unterstützt."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/unit-tests.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Unit Tests"
|
|
msgstr "# Einheitentests"
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/unit-tests.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Mark unit tests with `#[test]`:"
|
|
msgstr "Unit-Tests mit `#[test]` markieren:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/unit-tests.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn first_word(text: &str) -> &str {\n"
|
|
" match text.find(' ') {\n"
|
|
" Some(idx) => &text[..idx],\n"
|
|
" None => &text,\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/unit-tests.md:13
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"#[test]\n"
|
|
"fn test_empty() {\n"
|
|
" assert_eq!(first_word(\"\"), \"\");\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/unit-tests.md:18
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"#[test]\n"
|
|
"fn test_single_word() {\n"
|
|
" assert_eq!(first_word(\"Hello\"), \"Hello\");\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/unit-tests.md:23
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"#[test]\n"
|
|
"fn test_multiple_words() {\n"
|
|
" assert_eq!(first_word(\"Hello World\"), \"Hello\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/unit-tests.md:29
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Use `cargo test` to find and run the unit tests."
|
|
msgstr "Verwenden Sie \"Cargo Test\", um die Komponententests zu finden und auszuführen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/test-modules.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Test Modules"
|
|
msgstr "# Testmodule"
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/test-modules.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Unit tests are often put in a nested module (run tests on the\n"
|
|
"[Playground](https://play.rust-lang.org/)):"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Unit-Tests werden oft in ein verschachteltes Modul eingefügt (Tests auf der\n"
|
|
"[Spielplatz](https://play.rust-lang.org/)):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/test-modules.md:6
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn helper(a: &str, b: &str) -> String {\n"
|
|
" format!(\"{a} {b}\")\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/test-modules.md:11
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"pub fn main() {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{}\", helper(\"Hello\", \"World\"));\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/test-modules.md:19
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" #[test]\n"
|
|
" fn test_helper() {\n"
|
|
" assert_eq!(helper(\"foo\", \"bar\"), \"foo bar\");\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/test-modules.md:26
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* This lets you unit test private helpers.\n"
|
|
"* The `#[cfg(test)]` attribute is only active when you run `cargo test`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Damit können Sie private Helfer testen.\n"
|
|
"* Das Attribut `#[cfg(test)]` ist nur aktiv, wenn Sie `cargo test` ausführen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/doc-tests.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Documentation Tests"
|
|
msgstr "# Dokumentationstests"
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/doc-tests.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Rust has built-in support for documentation tests:"
|
|
msgstr "Rust hat eine eingebaute Unterstützung für Dokumentationstests:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/doc-tests.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust\n"
|
|
"/// Shortens a string to the given length.\n"
|
|
"///\n"
|
|
"/// ```\n"
|
|
"/// use playground::shorten_string;\n"
|
|
"/// assert_eq!(shorten_string(\"Hello World\", 5), \"Hello\");\n"
|
|
"/// assert_eq!(shorten_string(\"Hello World\", 20), \"Hello World\");\n"
|
|
"/// ```\n"
|
|
"pub fn shorten_string(s: &str, length: usize) -> &str {\n"
|
|
" &s[..std::cmp::min(length, s.len())]\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/doc-tests.md:18
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Code blocks in `///` comments are automatically seen as Rust code.\n"
|
|
"* The code will be compiled and executed as part of `cargo test`.\n"
|
|
"* Test the above code on the [Rust Playground](https://play.rust-lang.org/?"
|
|
"version=stable&mode=debug&edition=2021&gist=3ce2ad13ea1302f6572cb15cd96becf0)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Codeblöcke in `///`-Kommentaren werden automatisch als Rust-Code angesehen.\n"
|
|
"* Der Code wird im Rahmen von „Cargo Test“ kompiliert und ausgeführt.\n"
|
|
"* Testen Sie den obigen Code auf [Rust Playground](https://play.rust-lang.org/?"
|
|
"version=stable&mode=debug&edition=2021&gist=3ce2ad13ea1302f6572cb15cd96becf0)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/integration-tests.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Integration Tests"
|
|
msgstr "# Integrationstests"
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/integration-tests.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "If you want to test your library as a client, use an integration test."
|
|
msgstr "Wenn Sie Ihre Bibliothek als Client testen möchten, verwenden Sie einen Integrationstest."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/integration-tests.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Create a `.rs` file under `tests/`:"
|
|
msgstr "Erstellen Sie eine `.rs`-Datei unter `tests/`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/integration-tests.md:7
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,ignore\n"
|
|
"use my_library::init;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/integration-tests.md:10
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"#[test]\n"
|
|
"fn test_init() {\n"
|
|
" assert!(init().is_ok());\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/integration-tests.md:16
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "These tests only have access to the public API of your crate."
|
|
msgstr "Diese Tests haben nur Zugriff auf die öffentliche API Ihrer Crate."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Unsafe Rust"
|
|
msgstr "# Unsicherer Rost"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "The Rust language has two parts:"
|
|
msgstr "Die Rust-Sprache besteht aus zwei Teilen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* **Safe Rust:** memory safe, no undefined behavior possible.\n"
|
|
"* **Unsafe Rust:** can trigger undefined behavior if preconditions are violated."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* **Safe Rust:** Speichersicher, kein undefiniertes Verhalten möglich.\n"
|
|
"* **Unsicherer Rost:** kann undefiniertes Verhalten auslösen, wenn Vorbedingungen verletzt werden."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe.md:8
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"We will be seeing mostly safe Rust in this course, but it's important to know\n"
|
|
"what Unsafe Rust is."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Wir werden in diesem Kurs hauptsächlich sicheres Rust sehen, aber es ist wichtig zu wissen\n"
|
|
"was unsicherer Rost ist."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe.md:11
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Unsafe code is usually small and isolated, and its correctness should be carefully\n"
|
|
"documented. It is usually wrapped in a safe abstraction layer."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Unsicherer Code ist normalerweise klein und isoliert, und seine Korrektheit sollte sorgfältig "
|
|
"geprüft werden\n"
|
|
"dokumentiert. Es ist normalerweise in eine sichere Abstraktionsschicht eingeschlossen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe.md:14
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Unsafe Rust gives you access to five new capabilities:"
|
|
msgstr "Unsafe Rust bietet Ihnen Zugriff auf fünf neue Funktionen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe.md:16
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Dereference raw pointers.\n"
|
|
"* Access or modify mutable static variables.\n"
|
|
"* Access `union` fields.\n"
|
|
"* Call `unsafe` functions, including `extern` functions.\n"
|
|
"* Implement `unsafe` traits."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Rohzeiger dereferenzieren.\n"
|
|
"* Greifen Sie auf veränderliche statische Variablen zu oder ändern Sie diese.\n"
|
|
"* Greifen Sie auf `Union`-Felder zu.\n"
|
|
"* „Unsichere“ Funktionen aufrufen, einschließlich „externer“ Funktionen.\n"
|
|
"* Implementieren Sie \"unsichere\" Eigenschaften."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe.md:22
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"We will briefly cover unsafe capabilities next. For full details, please see\n"
|
|
"[Chapter 19.1 in the Rust Book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch19-01-unsafe-rust.html)\n"
|
|
"and the [Rustonomicon](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Als nächstes werden wir uns kurz mit unsicheren Fähigkeiten befassen. Ausführliche Informationen "
|
|
"finden Sie unter\n"
|
|
"[Kapitel 19.1 im Rust-Buch](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch19-01-unsafe-rust.html)\n"
|
|
"und das [Rustonomicon] (https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe.md:28
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Unsafe Rust does not mean the code is incorrect. It means that developers have\n"
|
|
"turned off the compiler safety features and have to write correct code by\n"
|
|
"themselves. It means the compiler no longer enforces Rust's memory-safety rules."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Unsicherer Rost bedeutet nicht, dass der Code falsch ist. Es bedeutet, dass Entwickler haben\n"
|
|
"die Compiler-Sicherheitsfunktionen ausgeschaltet haben und korrekten Code schreiben müssen\n"
|
|
"sich. Das bedeutet, dass der Compiler die Speichersicherheitsregeln von Rust nicht mehr erzwingt."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/raw-pointers.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Dereferencing Raw Pointers"
|
|
msgstr "# Rohzeiger dereferenzieren"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/raw-pointers.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Creating pointers is safe, but dereferencing them requires `unsafe`:"
|
|
msgstr "Das Erstellen von Zeigern ist sicher, aber das Dereferenzieren erfordert \"unsicher\":"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/raw-pointers.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let mut num = 5;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/raw-pointers.md:9
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" let r1 = &mut num as *mut i32;\n"
|
|
" let r2 = &num as *const i32;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/raw-pointers.md:12
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" // Safe because r1 and r2 were obtained from references and so are guaranteed to be non-null "
|
|
"and\n"
|
|
" // properly aligned, the objects underlying the references from which they were obtained are\n"
|
|
" // live throughout the whole unsafe block, and they are not accessed either through the\n"
|
|
" // references or concurrently through any other pointers.\n"
|
|
" unsafe {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"r1 is: {}\", *r1);\n"
|
|
" *r1 = 10;\n"
|
|
" println!(\"r2 is: {}\", *r2);\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/raw-pointers.md:26
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"It is good practice (and required by the Android Rust style guide) to write a comment for each\n"
|
|
"`unsafe` block explaining how the code inside it satisfies the safety requirements of the unsafe\n"
|
|
"operations it is doing."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Es ist eine gute Praxis (und vom Android Rust Styleguide vorgeschrieben), für jeden einen "
|
|
"Kommentar zu schreiben\n"
|
|
"\"unsicherer\" Block, der erklärt, wie der darin enthaltene Code die Sicherheitsanforderungen des "
|
|
"unsicheren Codes erfüllt\n"
|
|
"Operationen, die es tut."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/raw-pointers.md:30
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In the case of pointer dereferences, this means that the pointers must be\n"
|
|
"[_valid_](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ptr/index.html#safety), i.e.:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Im Fall von Zeigerdereferenzen bedeutet dies, dass die Zeiger sein müssen\n"
|
|
"[_valid_](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ptr/index.html#safety), also:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/raw-pointers.md:33
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" * The pointer must be non-null.\n"
|
|
" * The pointer must be _dereferenceable_ (within the bounds of a single allocated object).\n"
|
|
" * The object must not have been deallocated.\n"
|
|
" * There must not be concurrent accesses to the same location.\n"
|
|
" * If the pointer was obtained by casting a reference, the underlying object must be live and no\n"
|
|
" reference may be used to access the memory."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" * Der Zeiger darf nicht null sein.\n"
|
|
" * Der Zeiger muss _dereferenzierbar_ sein (innerhalb der Grenzen eines einzelnen zugewiesenen "
|
|
"Objekts).\n"
|
|
" * Das Objekt darf nicht freigegeben worden sein.\n"
|
|
" * Es darf nicht gleichzeitig auf denselben Standort zugegriffen werden.\n"
|
|
" * Wenn der Zeiger durch Casting einer Referenz erhalten wurde, muss das zugrunde liegende Objekt "
|
|
"live sein und nein\n"
|
|
" Referenz kann verwendet werden, um auf den Speicher zuzugreifen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/raw-pointers.md:40
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "In most cases the pointer must also be properly aligned."
|
|
msgstr "In den meisten Fällen muss auch der Zeiger richtig ausgerichtet werden."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/mutable-static-variables.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Mutable Static Variables"
|
|
msgstr "# Veränderliche statische Variablen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/mutable-static-variables.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "It is safe to read an immutable static variable:"
|
|
msgstr "Es ist sicher, eine unveränderliche statische Variable zu lesen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/mutable-static-variables.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"static HELLO_WORLD: &str = \"Hello, world!\";"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/mutable-static-variables.md:8
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"HELLO_WORLD: {}\", HELLO_WORLD);\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/mutable-static-variables.md:13
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"However, since data races can occur, it is unsafe to read and write mutable\n"
|
|
"static variables:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Da es jedoch zu Datenrennen kommen kann, ist es unsicher, änderbar zu lesen und zu schreiben\n"
|
|
"statische Variablen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/mutable-static-variables.md:16
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"static mut COUNTER: u32 = 0;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/mutable-static-variables.md:19
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn add_to_counter(inc: u32) {\n"
|
|
" unsafe { COUNTER += inc; } // Potential data race!\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/mutable-static-variables.md:23
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" add_to_counter(42);"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/mutable-static-variables.md:26
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" unsafe { println!(\"COUNTER: {}\", COUNTER); } // Potential data race!\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/mutable-static-variables.md:32
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Using a mutable static is generally a bad idea, but there are some cases where it might make "
|
|
"sense\n"
|
|
"in low-level `no_std` code, such as implementing a heap allocator or working with some C APIs."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Die Verwendung eines änderbaren statischen Werts ist im Allgemeinen eine schlechte Idee, aber es "
|
|
"gibt einige Fälle, in denen es sinnvoll sein könnte\n"
|
|
"in `no_std`-Code auf niedriger Ebene, wie z. B. die Implementierung eines Heap-Allokators oder die "
|
|
"Arbeit mit einigen C-APIs."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/unions.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Unions"
|
|
msgstr "# Gewerkschaften"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/unions.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Unions are like enums, but you need to track the active field yourself:"
|
|
msgstr "Unions sind wie Aufzählungen, aber Sie müssen das aktive Feld selbst verfolgen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/unions.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"#[repr(C)]\n"
|
|
"union MyUnion {\n"
|
|
" i: u8,\n"
|
|
" b: bool,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/unions.md:12
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let u = MyUnion { i: 42 };\n"
|
|
" println!(\"int: {}\", unsafe { u.i });\n"
|
|
" println!(\"bool: {}\", unsafe { u.b }); // Undefined behavior!\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/unions.md:21
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Unions are very rarely needed in Rust as you can usually use an enum. They are occasionally "
|
|
"needed\n"
|
|
"for interacting with C library APIs."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Unions werden in Rust sehr selten benötigt, da Sie normalerweise eine Aufzählung verwenden können. "
|
|
"Sie werden gelegentlich benötigt\n"
|
|
"für die Interaktion mit C-Bibliotheks-APIs."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/unions.md:24
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If you just want to reinterpret bytes as a different type, you probably want\n"
|
|
"[`std::mem::transmute`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/mem/fn.transmute.html) or a safe\n"
|
|
"wrapper such as the [`zerocopy`](https://crates.io/crates/zerocopy) crate."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Wenn Sie Bytes nur als einen anderen Typ neu interpretieren möchten, möchten Sie dies "
|
|
"wahrscheinlich tun\n"
|
|
"[`std::mem::transmute`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/mem/fn.transmute.html) oder einen "
|
|
"Safe\n"
|
|
"Wrapper wie die Kiste [`zerocopy`](https://crates.io/crates/zerocopy)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/calling-unsafe-functions.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Calling Unsafe Functions"
|
|
msgstr "# Aufruf unsicherer Funktionen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/calling-unsafe-functions.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A function or method can be marked `unsafe` if it has extra preconditions you\n"
|
|
"must uphold to avoid undefined behaviour:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Eine Funktion oder Methode kann als „unsicher“ gekennzeichnet werden, wenn sie zusätzliche "
|
|
"Voraussetzungen für Sie hat\n"
|
|
"muss eingehalten werden, um undefiniertes Verhalten zu vermeiden:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/calling-unsafe-functions.md:6
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let emojis = \"🗻∈🌏\";"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/calling-unsafe-functions.md:10
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" // Safe because the indices are in the correct order, within the bounds of\n"
|
|
" // the string slice, and lie on UTF-8 sequence boundaries.\n"
|
|
" unsafe {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{}\", emojis.get_unchecked(0..4));\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{}\", emojis.get_unchecked(4..7));\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{}\", emojis.get_unchecked(7..11));\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/writing-unsafe-functions.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Writing Unsafe Functions"
|
|
msgstr "# Unsichere Funktionen schreiben"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/writing-unsafe-functions.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You can mark your own functions as `unsafe` if they require particular conditions to avoid "
|
|
"undefined\n"
|
|
"behaviour."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Sie können Ihre eigenen Funktionen als \"unsicher\" markieren, wenn sie bestimmte Bedingungen "
|
|
"erfordern, um undefined zu vermeiden\n"
|
|
"Verhalten."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/writing-unsafe-functions.md:6
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"/// Swaps the values pointed to by the given pointers.\n"
|
|
"///\n"
|
|
"/// # Safety\n"
|
|
"///\n"
|
|
"/// The pointers must be valid and properly aligned.\n"
|
|
"unsafe fn swap(a: *mut u8, b: *mut u8) {\n"
|
|
" let temp = *a;\n"
|
|
" *a = *b;\n"
|
|
" *b = temp;\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/writing-unsafe-functions.md:18
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let mut a = 42;\n"
|
|
" let mut b = 66;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/writing-unsafe-functions.md:22
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" // Safe because ...\n"
|
|
" unsafe {\n"
|
|
" swap(&mut a, &mut b);\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/writing-unsafe-functions.md:27
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" println!(\"a = {}, b = {}\", a, b);\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/writing-unsafe-functions.md:33
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "We wouldn't actually use pointers for this because it can be done safely with references."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Wir würden dafür eigentlich keine Zeiger verwenden, da dies mit Referenzen sicher möglich ist."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/writing-unsafe-functions.md:35
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Note that unsafe code is allowed within an unsafe function without an `unsafe` block. We can\n"
|
|
"prohibit this with `#[deny(unsafe_op_in_unsafe_fn)]`. Try adding it and see what happens."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Beachten Sie, dass unsicherer Code innerhalb einer unsicheren Funktion ohne einen „unsicheren“ "
|
|
"Block zulässig ist. Wir können\n"
|
|
"verbieten Sie dies mit `#[deny(unsafe_op_in_unsafe_fn)]`. Versuchen Sie es hinzuzufügen und sehen "
|
|
"Sie, was passiert."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/extern-functions.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Calling External Code"
|
|
msgstr "# Externer Code aufrufen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/extern-functions.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Functions from other languages might violate the guarantees of Rust. Calling\n"
|
|
"them is thus unsafe:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Funktionen aus anderen Sprachen könnten die Garantien von Rust verletzen. Berufung\n"
|
|
"sie ist somit unsicher:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/extern-functions.md:6
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"extern \"C\" {\n"
|
|
" fn abs(input: i32) -> i32;\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/extern-functions.md:11
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" unsafe {\n"
|
|
" // Undefined behavior if abs misbehaves.\n"
|
|
" println!(\"Absolute value of -3 according to C: {}\", abs(-3));\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/extern-functions.md:21
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This is usually only a problem for extern functions which do things with pointers which might\n"
|
|
"violate Rust's memory model, but in general any C function might have undefined behaviour under "
|
|
"any\n"
|
|
"arbitrary circumstances."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Dies ist normalerweise nur ein Problem für externe Funktionen, die möglicherweise Dinge mit "
|
|
"Zeigern tun\n"
|
|
"verletzen das Speichermodell von Rust, aber im Allgemeinen kann jede C-Funktion undefiniertes "
|
|
"Verhalten unter jeder haben\n"
|
|
"willkürliche Umstände."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/extern-functions.md:25
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `\"C\"` in this example is the ABI;\n"
|
|
"[other ABIs are available too](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/items/external-blocks.html)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/unsafe-traits.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Implementing Unsafe Traits"
|
|
msgstr "# Unsichere Merkmale implementieren"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/unsafe-traits.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Like with functions, you can mark a trait as `unsafe` if the implementation must guarantee\n"
|
|
"particular conditions to avoid undefined behaviour."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Wie bei Funktionen können Sie ein Merkmal als \"unsicher\" markieren, wenn die Implementierung "
|
|
"dies gewährleisten muss\n"
|
|
"besondere Bedingungen, um undefiniertes Verhalten zu vermeiden."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/unsafe-traits.md:6
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"For example, the `zerocopy` crate has an unsafe trait that looks\n"
|
|
"[something like this](https://docs.rs/zerocopy/latest/zerocopy/trait.AsBytes.html):"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Zum Beispiel hat die „Nullkopie“-Kiste eine unsichere Eigenschaft, die aussieht\n"
|
|
"[etwas in der Art](https://docs.rs/zerocopy/latest/zerocopy/trait.AsBytes.html):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/unsafe-traits.md:9
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"use std::mem::size_of_val;\n"
|
|
"use std::slice;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/unsafe-traits.md:13
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// ...\n"
|
|
"/// # Safety\n"
|
|
"/// The type must have a defined representation and no padding.\n"
|
|
"pub unsafe trait AsBytes {\n"
|
|
" fn as_bytes(&self) -> &[u8] {\n"
|
|
" unsafe {\n"
|
|
" slice::from_raw_parts(self as *const Self as *const u8, size_of_val(self))\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"/// ...\n"
|
|
"/// # Sicherheit\n"
|
|
"/// Der Typ muss eine definierte Darstellung haben und darf nicht aufgefüllt werden.\n"
|
|
"pub unsichere Eigenschaft AsBytes {\n"
|
|
" fn as_bytes(&self) -> &[u8] {\n"
|
|
" unsicher {\n"
|
|
" Slice::from_raw_parts(self als *const Self als *const u8, size_of_val(self))\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/unsafe-traits.md:24
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// Safe because u32 has a defined representation and no padding.\n"
|
|
"unsafe impl AsBytes for u32 {}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/unsafe-traits.md:30
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"There should be a `# Safety` section on the Rustdoc for the trait explaining the requirements for\n"
|
|
"the trait to be safely implemented."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Es sollte einen Abschnitt „# Sicherheit“ im Rustdoc für das Merkmal geben, in dem die "
|
|
"Anforderungen für erklärt werden\n"
|
|
"die sicher zu implementierende Eigenschaft."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/unsafe-traits.md:33
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "The actual safety section for `AsBytes` is rather longer and more complicated."
|
|
msgstr "Der eigentliche Sicherheitsabschnitt für `AsBytes` ist etwas länger und komplizierter."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe/unsafe-traits.md:35
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "The built-in `Send` and `Sync` traits are unsafe."
|
|
msgstr "Die eingebauten Eigenschaften „Senden“ und „Synchronisieren“ sind unsicher."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/afternoon.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Day 3: Afternoon Exercises"
|
|
msgstr "# Tag 3: Nachmittagsübungen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/afternoon.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Let us build a safe wrapper for reading directory content!"
|
|
msgstr "Lassen Sie uns einen sicheren Wrapper zum Lesen von Verzeichnisinhalten erstellen!"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/afternoon.md:7
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "After looking at the exercise, you can look at the [solution] provided."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Nachdem Sie sich die Übung angesehen haben, können Sie sich die bereitgestellte [Lösung] ansehen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/afternoon.md:9
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "[solution]: solutions-afternoon.md"
|
|
msgstr "[Lösung]: Lösungen-Nachmittag.md"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/safe-ffi-wrapper.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Safe FFI Wrapper"
|
|
msgstr "# Sicherer FFI-Wrapper"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/safe-ffi-wrapper.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust has great support for calling functions through a _foreign function\n"
|
|
"interface_ (FFI). We will use this to build a safe wrapper for the `libc`\n"
|
|
"functions you would use from C to read the filenames of a directory."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust bietet großartige Unterstützung für den Aufruf von Funktionen über eine _foreign-Funktion\n"
|
|
"Schnittstelle_ (FFI). Wir werden dies verwenden, um einen sicheren Wrapper für die `libc` zu "
|
|
"erstellen\n"
|
|
"Funktionen, die Sie von C verwenden würden, um die Dateinamen eines Verzeichnisses zu lesen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/safe-ffi-wrapper.md:7
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "You will want to consult the manual pages:"
|
|
msgstr "Sie werden die Handbuchseiten konsultieren wollen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/safe-ffi-wrapper.md:9
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* [`opendir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/opendir.3.html)\n"
|
|
"* [`readdir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/readdir.3.html)\n"
|
|
"* [`closedir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/closedir.3.html)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* [`opendir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/opendir.3.html)\n"
|
|
"* [`readdir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/readdir.3.html)\n"
|
|
"* [`closedir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/closedir.3.html)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/safe-ffi-wrapper.md:13
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You will also want to browse the [`std::ffi`] module, particular for [`CStr`]\n"
|
|
"and [`CString`] types which are used to hold NUL-terminated strings coming from\n"
|
|
"C. The [Nomicon] also has a very useful chapter about FFI."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Sie sollten auch das Modul [`std::ffi`] durchsuchen, insbesondere nach [`CStr`]\n"
|
|
"und [`CString`]-Typen, die verwendet werden, um NUL-terminierte Zeichenfolgen zu halten, die von "
|
|
"kommen\n"
|
|
"C. Das [Nomicon] hat auch ein sehr nützliches Kapitel über FFI."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/safe-ffi-wrapper.md:17
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[`std::ffi`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/\n"
|
|
"[`CStr`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.CStr.html\n"
|
|
"[`CString`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.CString.html\n"
|
|
"[Nomicon]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/ffi.html"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[`std::ffi`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/\n"
|
|
"[`CStr`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.CStr.html\n"
|
|
"[`CString`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.CString.html\n"
|
|
"[Nomicon]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/ffi.html"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/safe-ffi-wrapper.md:22
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Copy the code below to <https://play.rust-lang.org/> and fill in the missing\n"
|
|
"functions and methods:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Kopieren Sie den folgenden Code nach <https://play.rust-lang.org/> und füllen Sie die fehlenden "
|
|
"aus\n"
|
|
"Funktionen und Methoden:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/safe-ffi-wrapper.md:29
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"mod ffi {\n"
|
|
" use std::os::raw::{c_char, c_int, c_long, c_ulong, c_ushort};"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/safe-ffi-wrapper.md:32 src/exercises/day-3/solutions-afternoon.md:26
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" // Opaque type. See https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/ffi.html.\n"
|
|
" #[repr(C)]\n"
|
|
" pub struct DIR {\n"
|
|
" _data: [u8; 0],\n"
|
|
" _marker: core::marker::PhantomData<(*mut u8, core::marker::PhantomPinned)>,\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/safe-ffi-wrapper.md:39 src/exercises/day-3/solutions-afternoon.md:33
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" // Layout as per readdir(3) and definitions in /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu.\n"
|
|
" #[repr(C)]\n"
|
|
" pub struct dirent {\n"
|
|
" pub d_ino: c_long,\n"
|
|
" pub d_off: c_ulong,\n"
|
|
" pub d_reclen: c_ushort,\n"
|
|
" pub d_type: c_char,\n"
|
|
" pub d_name: [c_char; 256],\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/safe-ffi-wrapper.md:49 src/exercises/day-3/solutions-afternoon.md:43
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" extern \"C\" {\n"
|
|
" pub fn opendir(s: *const c_char) -> *mut DIR;\n"
|
|
" pub fn readdir(s: *mut DIR) -> *const dirent;\n"
|
|
" pub fn closedir(s: *mut DIR) -> c_int;\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/safe-ffi-wrapper.md:56 src/exercises/day-3/solutions-afternoon.md:50
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"use std::ffi::{CStr, CString, OsStr, OsString};\n"
|
|
"use std::os::unix::ffi::OsStrExt;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/safe-ffi-wrapper.md:59
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"#[derive(Debug)]\n"
|
|
"struct DirectoryIterator {\n"
|
|
" path: CString,\n"
|
|
" dir: *mut ffi::DIR,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"#[ableiten(Debuggen)]\n"
|
|
"struct DirectoryIterator {\n"
|
|
" Pfad: CString,\n"
|
|
" dir: *mut ffi::DIR,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/safe-ffi-wrapper.md:65
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"impl DirectoryIterator {\n"
|
|
" fn new(path: &str) -> Result<DirectoryIterator, String> {\n"
|
|
" // Call opendir and return a Ok value if that worked,\n"
|
|
" // otherwise return Err with a message.\n"
|
|
" unimplemented!()\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"impl DirectoryIterator {\n"
|
|
" fn new(path: &str) -> Ergebnis<DirectoryIterator, String> {\n"
|
|
" // Opendir aufrufen und einen Ok-Wert zurückgeben, wenn das funktioniert hat,\n"
|
|
" // andernfalls Err mit einer Nachricht zurückgeben.\n"
|
|
" nicht implementiert!()\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/safe-ffi-wrapper.md:73
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"impl Iterator for DirectoryIterator {\n"
|
|
" type Item = OsString;\n"
|
|
" fn next(&mut self) -> Option<OsString> {\n"
|
|
" // Keep calling readdir until we get a NULL pointer back.\n"
|
|
" unimplemented!()\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/safe-ffi-wrapper.md:81
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"impl Drop for DirectoryIterator {\n"
|
|
" fn drop(&mut self) {\n"
|
|
" // Call closedir as needed.\n"
|
|
" unimplemented!()\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"impl Drop für DirectoryIterator {\n"
|
|
" fn drop(&mut self) {\n"
|
|
" // Gegebenenfalls closedir aufrufen.\n"
|
|
" nicht implementiert!()\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/safe-ffi-wrapper.md:88
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() -> Result<(), String> {\n"
|
|
" let iter = DirectoryIterator::new(\".\")?;\n"
|
|
" println!(\"files: {:#?}\", iter.collect::<Vec<_>>());\n"
|
|
" Ok(())\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-4.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Welcome to Day 4"
|
|
msgstr "# Willkommen zu Tag 4"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-4.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Today we will look at two main topics:"
|
|
msgstr "Heute werden wir uns mit zwei Hauptthemen befassen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-4.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* Concurrency: threads, channels, shared state, `Send` and `Sync`."
|
|
msgstr "* Gleichzeitigkeit: Threads, Kanäle, gemeinsamer Status, „Senden“ und „Synchronisieren“."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-4.md:7
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Android: building binaries and libraries, using AIDL, logging, and\n"
|
|
" interoperability with C, C++, and Java."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Android: Erstellung von Binärdateien und Bibliotheken, Verwendung von AIDL, Protokollierung und\n"
|
|
" Interoperabilität mit C, C++ und Java."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-4.md:10
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"> We will attempt to call Rust from one of your own projects today. So try to\n"
|
|
"> find a little corner of your code base where we can move some lines of code to\n"
|
|
"> Rust. The fewer dependencies and \"exotic\" types the better. Something that\n"
|
|
"> parses some raw bytes would be ideal."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"> Wir werden heute versuchen, Rust aus einem Ihrer eigenen Projekte anzurufen. Versuchen Sie es "
|
|
"also\n"
|
|
"> Finden Sie eine kleine Ecke Ihrer Codebasis, in die wir einige Codezeilen verschieben können\n"
|
|
"> Rost. Je weniger Abhängigkeiten und \"exotische\" Typen, desto besser. Etwas das\n"
|
|
"> parst einige rohe Bytes wäre ideal."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Fearless Concurrency"
|
|
msgstr "# Furchtlose Parallelität"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust has full support for concurrency using OS threads with mutexes and\n"
|
|
"channels."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust bietet volle Unterstützung für Parallelität unter Verwendung von Betriebssystem-Threads mit "
|
|
"Mutexes und\n"
|
|
"Kanäle."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency.md:6
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The Rust type system plays an important role in making many concurrency bugs\n"
|
|
"compile time bugs. This is often referred to as _fearless concurrency_ since you\n"
|
|
"can rely on the compiler to ensure correctness at runtime."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Das Rust-Typsystem spielt eine wichtige Rolle bei der Entstehung vieler Nebenläufigkeitsfehler\n"
|
|
"Kompilierzeitfehler. Dies wird seit Ihnen oft als _furchtlose Parallelität_ bezeichnet\n"
|
|
"kann sich auf den Compiler verlassen, um die Korrektheit zur Laufzeit sicherzustellen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/threads.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Threads"
|
|
msgstr "# Threads"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/threads.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Rust threads work similarly to threads in other languages:"
|
|
msgstr "Rust-Threads funktionieren ähnlich wie Threads in anderen Sprachen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/threads.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"use std::thread;\n"
|
|
"use std::time::Duration;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/threads.md:9
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" thread::spawn(|| {\n"
|
|
" for i in 1..10 {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"Count in thread: {i}!\");\n"
|
|
" thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(5));\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" });"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/threads.md:17
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" for i in 1..5 {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"Main thread: {i}\");\n"
|
|
" thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(5));\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/threads.md:24
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Threads are all daemon threads, the main thread does not wait for them.\n"
|
|
"* Thread panics are independent of each other.\n"
|
|
" * Panics can carry a payload, which can be unpacked with `downcast_ref`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Threads sind alle Daemon-Threads, der Haupt-Thread wartet nicht auf sie.\n"
|
|
"* Thread-Panics sind voneinander unabhängig.\n"
|
|
" * Paniken können eine Nutzlast tragen, die mit `downcast_ref` entpackt werden kann."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/threads.md:32
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Notice that the thread is stopped before it reaches 10 — the main thread is\n"
|
|
" not waiting."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Beachten Sie, dass der Thread gestoppt wird, bevor er 10 erreicht – der Haupt-Thread ist es\n"
|
|
" nicht warten."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/threads.md:35
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Use `let handle = thread::spawn(...)` and later `handle.join()` to wait for\n"
|
|
" the thread to finish."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Verwenden Sie `let handle = thread::spawn(...)` und später `handle.join()`, um darauf zu warten\n"
|
|
" den Thread zu beenden."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/threads.md:38
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* Trigger a panic in the thread, notice how this doesn't affect `main`."
|
|
msgstr "* Lösen Sie eine Panik im Thread aus, beachten Sie, dass dies `main` nicht betrifft."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/threads.md:40
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Use the `Result` return value from `handle.join()` to get access to the panic\n"
|
|
" payload. This is a good time to talk about [`Any`]."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Verwenden Sie den `Result`-Rückgabewert von `handle.join()`, um Zugriff auf die Panik zu "
|
|
"erhalten\n"
|
|
" Nutzlast. Dies ist ein guter Zeitpunkt, um über [`Any`] zu sprechen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/threads.md:43
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "[`Any`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/any/index.html"
|
|
msgstr "[`Any`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/any/index.html"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Scoped Threads"
|
|
msgstr "# Bereichsbezogene Threads"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Normal threads cannot borrow from their environment:"
|
|
msgstr "Normale Threads können nicht von ihrer Umgebung ausleihen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable,compile_fail\n"
|
|
"use std::thread;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md:8 src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md:22
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let s = String::from(\"Hello\");"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md:11
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" thread::spawn(|| {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"Length: {}\", s.len());\n"
|
|
" });\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md:17
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "However, you can use a [scoped thread][1] for this:"
|
|
msgstr "Sie können dafür jedoch einen [Scoped Thread][1] verwenden:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md:19
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"use std::thread;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md:25
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" thread::scope(|scope| {\n"
|
|
" scope.spawn(|| {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"Length: {}\", s.len());\n"
|
|
" });\n"
|
|
" });\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md:33
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "[1]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/thread/fn.scope.html"
|
|
msgstr "[1]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/thread/fn.scope.html"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md:35
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* The reason for that is that when the `thread::scope` function completes, all the threads are "
|
|
"guaranteed to be joined, so they can return borrowed data.\n"
|
|
"* Normal Rust borrowing rules apply: you can either borrow mutably by one thread, or immutably by "
|
|
"any number of threads.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"</details>"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Der Grund dafür ist, dass nach Abschluss der `thread::scope`-Funktion garantiert alle Threads "
|
|
"verbunden sind, sodass sie geliehene Daten zurückgeben können.\n"
|
|
"* Es gelten die normalen Rust-Ausleihregeln: Sie können entweder veränderlich von einem Thread "
|
|
"ausleihen oder unveränderlich von einer beliebigen Anzahl von Threads.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"</Details>"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/channels.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Channels"
|
|
msgstr "# Kanäle"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/channels.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust channels have two parts: a `Sender<T>` and a `Receiver<T>`. The two parts\n"
|
|
"are connected via the channel, but you only see the end-points."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust-Kanäle bestehen aus zwei Teilen: einem `Sender<T>` und einem `Receiver<T>`. Die zwei Teile\n"
|
|
"über den Kanal verbunden sind, aber Sie sehen nur die Endpunkte."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/channels.md:6
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"use std::sync::mpsc;\n"
|
|
"use std::thread;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/channels.md:10 src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md:10
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let (tx, rx) = mpsc::channel();"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/channels.md:13
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" tx.send(10).unwrap();\n"
|
|
" tx.send(20).unwrap();"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/channels.md:16
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" println!(\"Received: {:?}\", rx.recv());\n"
|
|
" println!(\"Received: {:?}\", rx.recv());"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/channels.md:19
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" let tx2 = tx.clone();\n"
|
|
" tx2.send(30).unwrap();\n"
|
|
" println!(\"Received: {:?}\", rx.recv());\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/channels.md:27
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* `mpsc` stands for Multi-Producer, Single-Consumer. `Sender` and `SyncSender` implement `Clone` "
|
|
"(so\n"
|
|
" you can make multiple producers) but `Receiver` does not.\n"
|
|
"* `send()` and `recv()` return `Result`. If they return `Err`, it means the counterpart `Sender` "
|
|
"or\n"
|
|
" `Receiver` is dropped and the channel is closed."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* „mpsc“ steht für Multi-Producer, Single-Consumer. `Sender` und `SyncSender` implementieren "
|
|
"`Clone` (also\n"
|
|
" Sie können mehrere Producer erstellen), aber 'Receiver' nicht.\n"
|
|
"* `send()` und `recv()` geben `Result` zurück. Wenn sie `Err` zurückgeben, bedeutet dies das "
|
|
"Gegenstück `Sender` bzw\n"
|
|
" „Receiver“ wird fallen gelassen und der Kanal wird geschlossen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Unbounded Channels"
|
|
msgstr "# Unbegrenzte Kanäle"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "You get an unbounded and asynchronous channel with `mpsc::channel()`:"
|
|
msgstr "Einen unbegrenzten und asynchronen Kanal erhält man mit `mpsc::channel()`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md:5 src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"use std::sync::mpsc;\n"
|
|
"use std::thread;\n"
|
|
"use std::time::Duration;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md:13 src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md:13
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" thread::spawn(move || {\n"
|
|
" let thread_id = thread::current().id();\n"
|
|
" for i in 1..10 {\n"
|
|
" tx.send(format!(\"Message {i}\")).unwrap();\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{thread_id:?}: sent Message {i}\");\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{thread_id:?}: done\");\n"
|
|
" });\n"
|
|
" thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(100));"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md:23 src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md:23
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" for msg in rx.iter() {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"Main: got {}\", msg);\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Bounded Channels"
|
|
msgstr "# Gebundene Kanäle"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Bounded and synchronous channels make `send` block the current thread:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Gebundene und synchrone Kanäle sorgen dafür, dass der aktuelle Thread durch „Senden“ blockiert "
|
|
"wird:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md:10
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let (tx, rx) = mpsc::sync_channel(3);"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Shared State"
|
|
msgstr "# Geteilter Zustand"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust uses the type system to enforce synchronization of shared data. This is\n"
|
|
"primarily done via two types:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust verwendet das Typsystem, um die Synchronisierung gemeinsam genutzter Daten zu erzwingen. Das "
|
|
"ist\n"
|
|
"hauptsächlich über zwei Arten:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state.md:6
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* [`Arc<T>`][1], atomic reference counted `T`: handles sharing between threads and\n"
|
|
" takes care to deallocate `T` when the last reference is dropped,\n"
|
|
"* [`Mutex<T>`][2]: ensures mutually exclusive access to the `T` value."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* [`Arc<T>`][1], Atomic Reference Counted `T`: handhabt die gemeinsame Nutzung zwischen Threads "
|
|
"und\n"
|
|
" sorgt dafür, dass `T` freigegeben wird, wenn die letzte Referenz gelöscht wird,\n"
|
|
"* [`Mutex<T>`][2]: sorgt für den sich gegenseitig ausschließenden Zugriff auf den `T`-Wert."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state.md:10
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[1]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html\n"
|
|
"[2]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[1]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html\n"
|
|
"[2]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# `Arc`"
|
|
msgstr "# `Bogen`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "[`Arc<T>`][1] allows shared read-only access via its `clone` method:"
|
|
msgstr "[`Arc<T>`][1] ermöglicht den gemeinsamen Nur-Lese-Zugriff über seine `clone`-Methode:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"use std::thread;\n"
|
|
"use std::sync::Arc;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md:9
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let v = Arc::new(vec![10, 20, 30]);\n"
|
|
" let mut handles = Vec::new();\n"
|
|
" for _ in 1..5 {\n"
|
|
" let v = v.clone();\n"
|
|
" handles.push(thread::spawn(move || {\n"
|
|
" let thread_id = thread::current().id();\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{thread_id:?}: {v:?}\");\n"
|
|
" }));\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md:20
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" handles.into_iter().for_each(|h| h.join().unwrap());\n"
|
|
" println!(\"v: {v:?}\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md:25
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "[1]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html"
|
|
msgstr "[1]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md:29
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* `Arc` stands for \"Atomic Reference Counted\", a thread safe version of `Rc` that uses atomic\n"
|
|
" operations.\n"
|
|
"* `Arc<T>` implements `Clone` whether or not `T` does. It implements `Send` and `Sync` iff `T`\n"
|
|
" implements them both.\n"
|
|
"* `Arc::clone()` has the cost of atomic operations that get executed, but after that the use of "
|
|
"the\n"
|
|
" `T` is free.\n"
|
|
"* Beware of reference cycles, `Arc` does not use a garbage collector to detect them.\n"
|
|
" * `std::sync::Weak` can help."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* `Arc` steht für \"Atomic Reference Counted\", eine Thread-sichere Version von `Rc`, die atomar "
|
|
"verwendet\n"
|
|
" Operationen.\n"
|
|
"* `Arc<T>` implementiert `Clone` unabhängig davon, ob `T` dies tut oder nicht. Es implementiert "
|
|
"`Send` und `Sync` iff `T`\n"
|
|
" setzt sie beide um.\n"
|
|
"* `Arc::clone()` hat die Kosten für atomare Operationen, die ausgeführt werden, aber danach die "
|
|
"Verwendung der\n"
|
|
" „T“ ist frei.\n"
|
|
"* Hüten Sie sich vor Referenzzyklen, `Arc` verwendet keinen Garbage Collector, um sie zu "
|
|
"erkennen.\n"
|
|
" * `std::sync::Weak` kann helfen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# `Mutex`"
|
|
msgstr "# `Mutex`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[`Mutex<T>`][1] ensures mutual exclusion _and_ allows mutable access to `T`\n"
|
|
"behind a read-only interface:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[`Mutex<T>`][1] sorgt für gegenseitigen Ausschluss _und_ erlaubt veränderlichen Zugriff auf `T`\n"
|
|
"hinter einer Nur-Lese-Schnittstelle:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md:6
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"use std::sync::Mutex;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md:9
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let v: Mutex<Vec<i32>> = Mutex::new(vec![10, 20, 30]);\n"
|
|
" println!(\"v: {:?}\", v.lock().unwrap());"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md:13
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" {\n"
|
|
" let v: &Mutex<Vec<i32>> = &v;\n"
|
|
" let mut guard = v.lock().unwrap();\n"
|
|
" guard.push(40);\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md:19
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" println!(\"v: {:?}\", v.lock().unwrap());\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md:23
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Notice how we have a [`impl<T: Send> Sync for Mutex<T>`][2] blanket\n"
|
|
"implementation."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Beachten Sie, wie wir eine [`impl<T: Send> Sync for Mutex<T>`][2] Blanket haben\n"
|
|
"Implementierung."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md:26
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[1]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html\n"
|
|
"[2]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html#impl-Sync-for-Mutex%3CT%3E\n"
|
|
"[3]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[1]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html\n"
|
|
"[2]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html#impl-Sync-for-Mutex%3CT%3E\n"
|
|
"[3]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md:30
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* `Mutex` in Rust looks like a collection with just one element - the protected data.\n"
|
|
" * It is not possible to forget to acquire the mutex before accessing the protected data.\n"
|
|
"* You can get an `&mut T` from an `&Mutex<T>` by taking the lock. The `MutexGuard` ensures that "
|
|
"the\n"
|
|
" `&mut T` doesn't outlive the lock being held.\n"
|
|
"* `Mutex<T>` implements both `Send` and `Sync` iff `T` implements `Send`.\n"
|
|
"* A read-write lock counterpart - `RwLock`.\n"
|
|
"* Why does `lock()` return a `Result`? \n"
|
|
" * If the thread that held the `Mutex` panicked, the `Mutex` becomes \"poisoned\" to signal "
|
|
"that\n"
|
|
" the data it protected might be in an inconsistent state. Calling `lock()` on a poisoned "
|
|
"mutex\n"
|
|
" fails with a [`PoisonError`]. You can call `into_inner()` on the error to recover the data\n"
|
|
" regardless."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* `Mutex` in Rust sieht aus wie eine Sammlung mit nur einem Element - den geschützten Daten.\n"
|
|
" * Es ist nicht möglich, das Abrufen des Mutex zu vergessen, bevor auf die geschützten Daten "
|
|
"zugegriffen wird.\n"
|
|
"* Sie können ein `&mut T` von einem `&Mutex<T>` erhalten, indem Sie die Sperre nehmen. Der "
|
|
"`MutexGuard` sorgt dafür, dass die\n"
|
|
" `&mut T` überlebt die gehaltene Sperre nicht.\n"
|
|
"* `Mutex<T>` implementiert sowohl `Send` als auch `Sync`, wenn `T` `Send` implementiert.\n"
|
|
"* Ein Gegenstück zur Lese-Schreib-Sperre - `RwLock`.\n"
|
|
"* Warum gibt `lock()` ein `Result` zurück?\n"
|
|
" * Wenn der Thread, der den `Mutex` enthielt, in Panik geriet, wird der `Mutex` \"vergiftet\", "
|
|
"um dies zu signalisieren\n"
|
|
" Die geschützten Daten befinden sich möglicherweise in einem inkonsistenten Zustand. Aufruf "
|
|
"von `lock()` auf einem vergifteten Mutex\n"
|
|
" schlägt mit einem [`PoisonError`] fehl. Sie können `into_inner()` für den Fehler aufrufen, "
|
|
"um die Daten wiederherzustellen\n"
|
|
" trotzdem."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md:44
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[`PoisonError`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.PoisonError.html \n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"</details>"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[`PoisonError`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.PoisonError.html\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"</details>"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Let us see `Arc` and `Mutex` in action:"
|
|
msgstr "Sehen wir uns `Arc` und `Mutex` in Aktion an:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable,compile_fail\n"
|
|
"use std::thread;\n"
|
|
"// use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md:9
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let mut v = vec![10, 20, 30];\n"
|
|
" let handle = thread::spawn(|| {\n"
|
|
" v.push(10);\n"
|
|
" });\n"
|
|
" v.push(1000);"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md:16
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" handle.join().unwrap();\n"
|
|
" println!(\"v: {v:?}\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md:23
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Possible solution:\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md:29
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let v = Arc::new(Mutex::new(vec![10, 20, 30]));"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md:32
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" let v2 = v.clone();\n"
|
|
" let handle = thread::spawn(move || {\n"
|
|
" let mut v2 = v2.lock().unwrap();\n"
|
|
" v2.push(10);\n"
|
|
" });"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md:38
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" {\n"
|
|
" let mut v = v.lock().unwrap();\n"
|
|
" v.push(1000);\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md:43
|
|
msgid " handle.join().unwrap();"
|
|
"```\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md:45
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Notable parts:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md:54
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* `v` is wrapped in both `Arc` and `Mutex`, because their concerns are orthogonal.\n"
|
|
" * Wrapping a `Mutex` in an `Arc` is a common pattern to share mutable state between threads.\n"
|
|
"* `v: Arc<_>` needs to be cloned as `v2` before it can be moved into another thread. Note `move` "
|
|
"was added to the lambda signature.\n"
|
|
"* Blocks are introduced to narrow the scope of the `LockGuard` as much as possible.\n"
|
|
"* We still need to acquire the `Mutex` to print our `Vec`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* `v` ist sowohl in `Arc` als auch in `Mutex` eingeschlossen, weil ihre Anliegen orthogonal sind.\n"
|
|
" * Das Umhüllen eines `Mutex` in einen `Arc` ist ein gängiges Muster, um einen veränderlichen "
|
|
"Zustand zwischen Threads zu teilen.\n"
|
|
"* „v: Arc<_>“ muss als „v2“ geklont werden, bevor es in einen anderen Thread verschoben werden "
|
|
"kann. Der Lambda-Signatur wurde der Hinweis „move“ hinzugefügt.\n"
|
|
"* Blöcke werden eingeführt, um den Anwendungsbereich von `LockGuard` so weit wie möglich "
|
|
"einzuschränken.\n"
|
|
"* Wir müssen noch den `Mutex` erwerben, um unseren `Vec` zu drucken."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# `Send` and `Sync`"
|
|
msgstr "# `Senden` und `Synchronisieren`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "How does Rust know to forbid shared access across thread? The answer is in two traits:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Woher weiß Rust, dass es den gemeinsamen Zugriff über Threads verbieten soll? Die Antwort liegt in "
|
|
"zwei Merkmalen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* [`Send`][1]: a type `T` is `Send` if it is safe to move a `T` across a thread\n"
|
|
" boundary.\n"
|
|
"* [`Sync`][2]: a type `T` is `Sync` if it is safe to move a `&T` across a thread\n"
|
|
" boundary."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* [`Send`][1]: ein Typ `T` ist `Send`, wenn es sicher ist, ein `T` über einen Thread zu bewegen\n"
|
|
" Grenze.\n"
|
|
"* [`Sync`][2]: ein Typ `T` ist `Sync`, wenn es sicher ist, ein `&T` über einen Thread zu "
|
|
"verschieben\n"
|
|
" Grenze."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync.md:10
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`Send` and `Sync` are [unsafe traits][3]. The compiler will automatically derive them for your "
|
|
"types\n"
|
|
"as long as they only contain `Send` and `Sync` types. You can also implement them manually when "
|
|
"you\n"
|
|
"know it is valid."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"„Senden“ und „Synchronisieren“ sind [unsichere Eigenschaften][3]. Der Compiler leitet sie "
|
|
"automatisch für Ihre Typen ab\n"
|
|
"solange sie nur die Typen `Send` und `Sync` enthalten. Sie können sie auch manuell implementieren, "
|
|
"wenn Sie\n"
|
|
"wissen, dass es gültig ist."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync.md:14
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[1]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Send.html\n"
|
|
"[2]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Sync.html\n"
|
|
"[3]: ../unsafe/unsafe-traits.md"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[1]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Send.html\n"
|
|
"[2]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Sync.html\n"
|
|
"[3]: ../unsafe/unsafe-traits.md"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync.md:20
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* One can think of these traits as markers that the type has certain thread-safety properties.\n"
|
|
"* They can be used in the generic constraints as normal traits.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"</details>"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Man kann sich diese Eigenschaften als Markierungen dafür vorstellen, dass der Typ bestimmte "
|
|
"Thread-Sicherheitseigenschaften hat.\n"
|
|
"* Sie können in den generischen Einschränkungen als normale Merkmale verwendet werden.\n"
|
|
" \n"
|
|
"</Details>"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/send.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# `Send`"
|
|
msgstr "# `Senden`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/send.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "> A type `T` is [`Send`][1] if it is safe to move a `T` value to another thread."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"> Ein Typ `T` ist [`Send`][1], wenn es sicher ist, einen `T`-Wert in einen anderen Thread zu "
|
|
"verschieben."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/send.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The effect of moving ownership to another thread is that _destructors_ will run\n"
|
|
"in that thread. So the question is when you can allocate a value in one thread\n"
|
|
"and deallocate it in another."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Das Verschieben der Eigentümerschaft auf einen anderen Thread hat zur Folge, dass _destructors_ "
|
|
"ausgeführt wird\n"
|
|
"in diesem Thread. Die Frage ist also, wann Sie einen Wert in einem Thread zuweisen können\n"
|
|
"und es in einem anderen freigeben."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/send.md:9
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "[1]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Send.html"
|
|
msgstr "[1]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Send.html"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# `Sync`"
|
|
msgstr "# `Synchronisieren`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"> A type `T` is [`Sync`][1] if it is safe to access a `T` value from multiple\n"
|
|
"> threads at the same time."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"> Ein Typ `T` ist [`Sync`][1], wenn es sicher ist, von mehreren auf einen `T`-Wert zuzugreifen\n"
|
|
"> Threads gleichzeitig."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md:6
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "More precisely, the definition is:"
|
|
msgstr "Genauer gesagt lautet die Definition:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md:8
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "> `T` is `Sync` if and only if `&T` is `Send`"
|
|
msgstr "> `T` ist `Sync` genau dann, wenn `&T` `Send` ist"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md:10
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "[1]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Sync.html"
|
|
msgstr "[1]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Sync.html"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md:14
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This statement is essentially a shorthand way of saying that if a type is thread-safe for shared "
|
|
"use, it is also thread-safe to pass references of it across threads."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Diese Anweisung ist im Wesentlichen eine Kurzform dafür, dass ein Typ, der für die gemeinsame "
|
|
"Verwendung Thread-sicher ist, auch Thread-sicher ist, Verweise auf ihn über Threads hinweg zu "
|
|
"übergeben."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md:16
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This is because if a type is Sync it means that it can be shared across multiple threads without "
|
|
"the risk of data races or other synchronization issues, so it is safe to move it to another "
|
|
"thread. A reference to the type is also safe to move to another thread, because the data it "
|
|
"references can be accessed from any thread safely."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Denn wenn ein Typ Sync ist, bedeutet dies, dass er von mehreren Threads gemeinsam genutzt werden "
|
|
"kann, ohne das Risiko von Datenrennen oder anderen Synchronisierungsproblemen, sodass es sicher "
|
|
"ist, ihn in einen anderen Thread zu verschieben. Ein Verweis auf den Typ kann auch sicher in einen "
|
|
"anderen Thread verschoben werden, da auf die Daten, auf die er verweist, von jedem Thread aus "
|
|
"sicher zugegriffen werden kann."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Examples"
|
|
msgstr "# Beispiele"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "## `Send + Sync`"
|
|
msgstr "## `Senden + Synchronisieren`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Most types you come across are `Send + Sync`:"
|
|
msgstr "Die meisten Typen, auf die Sie stoßen, sind „Send + Sync“:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md:7
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* `i8`, `f32`, `bool`, `char`, `&str`, ...\n"
|
|
"* `(T1, T2)`, `[T; N]`, `&[T]`, `struct { x: T }`, ...\n"
|
|
"* `String`, `Option<T>`, `Vec<T>`, `Box<T>`, ...\n"
|
|
"* `Arc<T>`: Explicitly thread-safe via atomic reference count.\n"
|
|
"* `Mutex<T>`: Explicitly thread-safe via internal locking.\n"
|
|
"* `AtomicBool`, `AtomicU8`, ...: Uses special atomic instructions."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md:14
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The generic types are typically `Send + Sync` when the type parameters are\n"
|
|
"`Send + Sync`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Die generischen Typen sind typischerweise `Send + Sync`, wenn es die Typparameter sind\n"
|
|
"„Senden + Synchronisieren“."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md:17
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "## `Send + !Sync`"
|
|
msgstr "## `Senden + !Sync`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md:19
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"These types can be moved to other threads, but they're not thread-safe.\n"
|
|
"Typically because of interior mutability:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Diese Typen können in andere Threads verschoben werden, sind aber nicht Thread-sicher.\n"
|
|
"Typischerweise wegen innerer Mutabilität:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md:22
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* `mpsc::Sender<T>`\n"
|
|
"* `mpsc::Receiver<T>`\n"
|
|
"* `Cell<T>`\n"
|
|
"* `RefCell<T>`"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* `mpsc::Sender<T>`\n"
|
|
"* `mpsc::Receiver<T>`\n"
|
|
"* `Zelle<T>`\n"
|
|
"* `RefCell<T>`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md:27
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "## `!Send + Sync`"
|
|
msgstr "## `!Senden + Synchronisieren`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md:29
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "These types are thread-safe, but they cannot be moved to another thread:"
|
|
msgstr "Diese Typen sind Thread-sicher, können aber nicht in einen anderen Thread verschoben werden:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md:31
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* `MutexGuard<T>`: Uses OS level primitives which must be deallocated on the\n"
|
|
" thread which created them."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* `MutexGuard<T>`: Verwendet Primitive auf Betriebssystemebene, die auf dem freigegeben werden "
|
|
"müssen\n"
|
|
" Thread, der sie erstellt hat."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md:34
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "## `!Send + !Sync`"
|
|
msgstr "## `!Senden + !Sync`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md:36
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "These types are not thread-safe and cannot be moved to other threads:"
|
|
msgstr "Diese Typen sind nicht Thread-sicher und können nicht in andere Threads verschoben werden:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md:38
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* `Rc<T>`: each `Rc<T>` has a reference to an `RcBox<T>`, which contains a\n"
|
|
" non-atomic reference count.\n"
|
|
"* `*const T`, `*mut T`: Rust assumes raw pointers may have special\n"
|
|
" concurrency considerations."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* `Rc<T>`: Jedes `Rc<T>` hat eine Referenz auf eine `RcBox<T>`, die eine enthält\n"
|
|
" nicht-atomarer Referenzzähler.\n"
|
|
"* `*const T`, `*mut T`: Rust geht davon aus, dass Rohzeiger möglicherweise etwas Besonderes haben\n"
|
|
" Parallelitätsüberlegungen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/morning.md:1 src/exercises/day-4/afternoon.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Exercises"
|
|
msgstr "# Übungen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/morning.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Let us practice our new concurrency skills with"
|
|
msgstr "Lassen Sie uns unsere neuen Nebenläufigkeitsfähigkeiten mit üben"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/morning.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* Dining philosophers: a classic problem in concurrency."
|
|
msgstr "* Speisephilosophen: ein klassisches Problem der Nebenläufigkeit."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/morning.md:7
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Multi-threaded link checker: a larger project where you'll use Cargo to\n"
|
|
" download dependencies and then check links in parallel."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Multithreaded Link Checker: ein größeres Projekt, für das Sie Cargo verwenden werden\n"
|
|
" Abhängigkeiten herunterladen und dann parallel Links prüfen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/dining-philosophers.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Dining Philosophers"
|
|
msgstr "# Speisende Philosophen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/dining-philosophers.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "The dining philosophers problem is a classic problem in concurrency:"
|
|
msgstr "Das Dining-Philosophen-Problem ist ein klassisches Nebenläufigkeitsproblem:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/dining-philosophers.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"> Five philosophers dine together at the same table. Each philosopher has their\n"
|
|
"> own place at the table. There is a fork between each plate. The dish served is\n"
|
|
"> a kind of spaghetti which has to be eaten with two forks. Each philosopher can\n"
|
|
"> only alternately think and eat. Moreover, a philosopher can only eat their\n"
|
|
"> spaghetti when they have both a left and right fork. Thus two forks will only\n"
|
|
"> be available when their two nearest neighbors are thinking, not eating. After\n"
|
|
"> an individual philosopher finishes eating, they will put down both forks."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"> Fünf Philosophen speisen gemeinsam am selben Tisch. Jeder Philosoph hat seine\n"
|
|
"> eigener Platz am Tisch. Zwischen jedem Teller befindet sich eine Gabel. Das servierte Gericht "
|
|
"ist\n"
|
|
"> eine Art Spaghetti, die mit zwei Gabeln gegessen werden muss. Jeder Philosoph kann\n"
|
|
"> nur abwechselnd denken und essen. Außerdem kann ein Philosoph nur ihre essen\n"
|
|
"> Spaghetti, wenn sie sowohl eine linke als auch eine rechte Gabel haben. Also zwei Gabeln werden "
|
|
"nur\n"
|
|
"> verfügbar sein, wenn ihre beiden nächsten Nachbarn nachdenken, nicht essen. Nach\n"
|
|
"> ein einzelner Philosoph mit dem Essen fertig ist, legen sie beide Gabeln weg."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/dining-philosophers.md:13
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You will need a local [Cargo installation](../../cargo/running-locally.md) for\n"
|
|
"this exercise. Copy the code below to `src/main.rs` file, fill out the blanks,\n"
|
|
"and test that `cargo run` does not deadlock:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Dazu benötigen Sie eine lokale [Cargo-Installation](../../cargo/running-locally.md).\n"
|
|
"diese Übung. Kopieren Sie den folgenden Code in die Datei `src/main.rs`, füllen Sie die Lücken "
|
|
"aus,\n"
|
|
"und teste, dass `cargo run` keinen Deadlock verursacht:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/dining-philosophers.md:17
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,compile_fail\n"
|
|
"use std::sync::mpsc;\n"
|
|
"use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};\n"
|
|
"use std::thread;\n"
|
|
"use std::time::Duration;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/dining-philosophers.md:23 src/exercises/day-4/solutions-morning.md:28
|
|
msgid "struct Fork;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/dining-philosophers.md:25
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"struct Philosopher {\n"
|
|
" name: String,\n"
|
|
" // left_fork: ...\n"
|
|
" // right_fork: ...\n"
|
|
" // thoughts: ...\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"struct Philosoph {\n"
|
|
" Name: Zeichenfolge,\n"
|
|
" // left_fork: ...\n"
|
|
" // right_fork: ...\n"
|
|
" // Gedanken: ...\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/dining-philosophers.md:32
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"impl Philosopher {\n"
|
|
" fn think(&self) {\n"
|
|
" self.thoughts\n"
|
|
" .send(format!(\"Eureka! {} has a new idea!\", &self.name))\n"
|
|
" .unwrap();\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/dining-philosophers.md:39
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" fn eat(&self) {\n"
|
|
" // Pick up forks...\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{} is eating...\", &self.name);\n"
|
|
" thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(10));\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/dining-philosophers.md:46 src/exercises/day-4/solutions-morning.md:60
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"static PHILOSOPHERS: &[&str] =\n"
|
|
" &[\"Socrates\", \"Plato\", \"Aristotle\", \"Thales\", \"Pythagoras\"];"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/dining-philosophers.md:49
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" // Create forks"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"fn Haupt() {\n"
|
|
" // Gabeln erstellen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/dining-philosophers.md:52
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid " // Create philosophers"
|
|
msgstr " // Philosophen erstellen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/dining-philosophers.md:54
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid " // Make them think and eat"
|
|
msgstr " // Lass sie denken und essen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/dining-philosophers.md:56
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" // Output their thoughts\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/link-checker.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Multi-threaded Link Checker"
|
|
msgstr "# Multithreaded Link Checker"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/link-checker.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Let us use our new knowledge to create a multi-threaded link checker. It should\n"
|
|
"start at a webpage and check that links on the page are valid. It should\n"
|
|
"recursively check other pages on the same domain and keep doing this until all\n"
|
|
"pages have been validated."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Lassen Sie uns unser neues Wissen nutzen, um einen Multithread-Link-Checker zu erstellen. Es "
|
|
"sollte\n"
|
|
"Starten Sie auf einer Webseite und prüfen Sie, ob die Links auf der Seite gültig sind. Es sollte\n"
|
|
"Überprüfen Sie rekursiv andere Seiten auf derselben Domain und tun Sie dies so lange, bis alle\n"
|
|
"Seiten wurden validiert."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/link-checker.md:8
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"For this, you will need an HTTP client such as [`reqwest`][1]. Create a new\n"
|
|
"Cargo project and `reqwest` it as a dependency with:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Dazu benötigen Sie einen HTTP-Client wie [`reqwest`][1]. Erstelle eine neue\n"
|
|
"Frachtprojekt und `reqwest` es als Abhängigkeit mit:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/link-checker.md:11
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```shell\n"
|
|
"$ cargo new link-checker\n"
|
|
"$ cd link-checker\n"
|
|
"$ cargo add --features blocking,rustls-tls reqwest\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/link-checker.md:17
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"> If `cargo add` fails with `error: no such subcommand`, then please edit the\n"
|
|
"> `Cargo.toml` file by hand. Add the dependencies listed below."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"> Wenn `cargo add` mit `error: no such subcommand` fehlschlägt, dann bearbeiten Sie bitte die\n"
|
|
"> `Cargo.toml`-Datei von Hand. Fügen Sie die unten aufgeführten Abhängigkeiten hinzu."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/link-checker.md:20
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "You will also need a way to find links. We can use [`scraper`][2] for that:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Sie benötigen auch eine Möglichkeit, Links zu finden. Dafür können wir [`scraper`][2] verwenden:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/link-checker.md:22
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```shell\n"
|
|
"$ cargo add scraper\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/link-checker.md:26
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Finally, we'll need some way of handling errors. We use [`thiserror`][3] for\n"
|
|
"that:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Schließlich brauchen wir eine Möglichkeit, mit Fehlern umzugehen. Wir verwenden [`thiserror`][3] "
|
|
"für\n"
|
|
"Das:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/link-checker.md:29
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```shell\n"
|
|
"$ cargo add thiserror\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/link-checker.md:33
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "The `cargo add` calls will update the `Cargo.toml` file to look like this:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Die `cargo add`-Aufrufe aktualisieren die `Cargo.toml`-Datei so, dass sie wie folgt aussieht:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/link-checker.md:35
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```toml\n"
|
|
"[dependencies]\n"
|
|
"reqwest = { version = \"0.11.12\", features = [\"blocking\", \"rustls-tls\"] }\n"
|
|
"scraper = \"0.13.0\"\n"
|
|
"thiserror = \"1.0.37\"\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/link-checker.md:42
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You can now download the start page. Try with a small site such as\n"
|
|
"`https://www.google.org/`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Sie können nun die Startseite herunterladen. Versuchen Sie es mit einer kleinen Website wie z\n"
|
|
"`https://www.google.org/`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/link-checker.md:45
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Your `src/main.rs` file should look something like this:"
|
|
msgstr "Ihre `src/main.rs`-Datei sollte in etwa so aussehen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/link-checker.md:47
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,compile_fail\n"
|
|
"use reqwest::blocking::{get, Response};\n"
|
|
"use reqwest::Url;\n"
|
|
"use scraper::{Html, Selector};\n"
|
|
"use thiserror::Error;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/link-checker.md:53
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"#[derive(Error, Debug)]\n"
|
|
"enum Error {\n"
|
|
" #[error(\"request error: {0}\")]\n"
|
|
" ReqwestError(#[from] reqwest::Error),\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"#[ableiten(Fehler, Debug)]\n"
|
|
"Aufzählungsfehler {\n"
|
|
" #[error(\"Anforderungsfehler: {0}\")]\n"
|
|
" ReqwestError(#[from]reqwest::Error),\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/link-checker.md:59
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn extract_links(response: Response) -> Result<Vec<Url>, Error> {\n"
|
|
" let base_url = response.url().to_owned();\n"
|
|
" let document = response.text()?;\n"
|
|
" let html = Html::parse_document(&document);\n"
|
|
" let selector = Selector::parse(\"a\").unwrap();"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/link-checker.md:65
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" let mut valid_urls = Vec::new();\n"
|
|
" for element in html.select(&selector) {\n"
|
|
" if let Some(href) = element.value().attr(\"href\") {\n"
|
|
" match base_url.join(href) {\n"
|
|
" Ok(url) => valid_urls.push(url),\n"
|
|
" Err(err) => {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"On {base_url}: could not parse {href:?}: {err} (ignored)\",);\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/link-checker.md:77
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" Ok(valid_urls)\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" Okay (valid_urls)\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/link-checker.md:80
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let start_url = Url::parse(\"https://www.google.org\").unwrap();\n"
|
|
" let response = get(start_url).unwrap();\n"
|
|
" match extract_links(response) {\n"
|
|
" Ok(links) => println!(\"Links: {links:#?}\"),\n"
|
|
" Err(err) => println!(\"Could not extract links: {err:#}\"),\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/link-checker.md:90
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Run the code in `src/main.rs` with"
|
|
msgstr "Führen Sie den Code in `src/main.rs` mit aus"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/link-checker.md:92
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```shell\n"
|
|
"$ cargo run\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/link-checker.md:96
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "## Tasks"
|
|
msgstr "## Aufgaben"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/link-checker.md:98
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Use threads to check the links in parallel: send the URLs to be checked to a\n"
|
|
" channel and let a few threads check the URLs in parallel.\n"
|
|
"* Extend this to recursively extract links from all pages on the\n"
|
|
" `www.google.org` domain. Put an upper limit of 100 pages or so so that you\n"
|
|
" don't end up being blocked by the site."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Verwenden Sie Threads, um die Links parallel zu prüfen: Senden Sie die zu prüfenden URLs an a\n"
|
|
" Channel und lass ein paar Threads parallel die URLs prüfen.\n"
|
|
"* Erweitern Sie dies, um Links von allen Seiten rekursiv zu extrahieren\n"
|
|
" `www.google.org`-Domain. Setzen Sie eine Obergrenze von 100 Seiten oder so, dass Sie\n"
|
|
" am Ende nicht von der Seite blockiert werden."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/link-checker.md:104
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[1]: https://docs.rs/reqwest/\n"
|
|
"[2]: https://docs.rs/scraper/\n"
|
|
"[3]: https://docs.rs/thiserror/"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[1]: https://docs.rs/reqwest/\n"
|
|
"[2]: https://docs.rs/scraper/\n"
|
|
"[3]: https://docs.rs/thiserror/"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Android"
|
|
msgstr "# Android"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust is supported for native platform development on Android. This means that\n"
|
|
"you can write new operating system services in Rust, as well as extending\n"
|
|
"existing services."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust wird für die native Plattformentwicklung auf Android unterstützt. Das bedeutet, dass\n"
|
|
"Sie können neue Betriebssystemdienste in Rust schreiben und erweitern\n"
|
|
"bestehende Dienste."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/setup.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Setup"
|
|
msgstr "# Aufstellen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/setup.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"We will be using an Android Virtual Device to test our code. Make sure you have\n"
|
|
"access to one or create a new one with:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Wir werden ein Android Virtual Device verwenden, um unseren Code zu testen. Stell sicher dass du "
|
|
"hast\n"
|
|
"Greifen Sie auf eines zu oder erstellen Sie ein neues mit:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/setup.md:6
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```shell\n"
|
|
"$ source build/envsetup.sh\n"
|
|
"$ lunch aosp_cf_x86_64_phone-userdebug\n"
|
|
"$ acloud create\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/setup.md:12
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Please see the [Android Developer\n"
|
|
"Codelab](https://source.android.com/docs/setup/start) for details."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Bitte lesen Sie die [Android Developer\n"
|
|
"Codelab] (https://source.android.com/docs/setup/start) für Details."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Build Rules"
|
|
msgstr "# Bauregeln"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "The Android build system (Soong) supports Rust via a number of modules:"
|
|
msgstr "Das Android-Build-System (Soong) unterstützt Rust über eine Reihe von Modulen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"| Module Type | "
|
|
"Description "
|
|
"|\n"
|
|
"|-------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|\n"
|
|
"| `rust_binary` | Produces a Rust "
|
|
"binary. |\n"
|
|
"| `rust_library` | Produces a Rust library, and provides both `rlib` and `dylib` "
|
|
"variants. |\n"
|
|
"| `rust_ffi` | Produces a Rust C library usable by `cc` modules, and provides both static "
|
|
"and shared variants. |\n"
|
|
"| `rust_proc_macro` | Produces a `proc-macro` Rust library. These are analogous to compiler "
|
|
"plugins. |\n"
|
|
"| `rust_test` | Produces a Rust test binary that uses the standard Rust test "
|
|
"harness. |\n"
|
|
"| `rust_fuzz` | Produces a Rust fuzz binary leveraging "
|
|
"`libfuzzer`. |\n"
|
|
"| `rust_protobuf` | Generates source and produces a Rust library that provides an interface for "
|
|
"a particular protobuf. |\n"
|
|
"| `rust_bindgen` | Generates source and produces a Rust library containing Rust bindings to C "
|
|
"libraries. |"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"| Modultyp | Beschreibung |\n"
|
|
"|-------------------|------------------------ -------------------------------------------------- "
|
|
"---------------------|\n"
|
|
"| `rust_binary` | Erzeugt eine Rust-Binärdatei. |\n"
|
|
"| `rust_library` | Erzeugt eine Rust-Bibliothek und bietet sowohl `rlib`- als auch `dylib`-"
|
|
"Varianten. |\n"
|
|
"| `rust_ffi` | Erzeugt eine Rust-C-Bibliothek, die von `cc`-Modulen verwendet werden kann, und "
|
|
"bietet sowohl statische als auch gemeinsam genutzte Varianten. |\n"
|
|
"| `rust_proc_macro` | Erzeugt eine `proc-macro` Rust-Bibliothek. Diese sind analog zu Compiler-"
|
|
"Plugins. |\n"
|
|
"| `rust_test` | Erzeugt eine Rust-Test-Binärdatei, die die standardmäßige Rust-Testumgebung "
|
|
"verwendet. |\n"
|
|
"| `rust_fuzz` | Erzeugt eine Rust-Fuzz-Binärdatei, die `libfuzzer` nutzt. |\n"
|
|
"| `rust_protobuf` | Generiert Quellcode und erstellt eine Rust-Bibliothek, die eine Schnittstelle "
|
|
"für einen bestimmten Protobuf bereitstellt. |\n"
|
|
"| `rust_bindgen` | Generiert Quellcode und erstellt eine Rust-Bibliothek, die Rust-Bindungen an C-"
|
|
"Bibliotheken enthält. |"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules.md:16
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "We will look at `rust_binary` and `rust_library` next."
|
|
msgstr "Als nächstes schauen wir uns `rust_binary` und `rust_library` an."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Rust Binaries"
|
|
msgstr "# Rust-Binärdateien"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Let us start with a simple application. At the root of an AOSP checkout, create\n"
|
|
"the following files:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Beginnen wir mit einer einfachen Anwendung. Erstellen Sie im Stammverzeichnis eines AOSP-"
|
|
"Checkouts\n"
|
|
"folgende Dateien:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md:6 src/android/build-rules/library.md:13
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "_hello_rust/Android.bp_:"
|
|
msgstr "_hello_rust/Android.bp_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md:8
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```javascript\n"
|
|
"rust_binary {\n"
|
|
" name: \"hello_rust\",\n"
|
|
" crate_name: \"hello_rust\",\n"
|
|
" srcs: [\"src/main.rs\"],\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md:16 src/android/build-rules/library.md:34
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "_hello_rust/src/main.rs_:"
|
|
msgstr "_hello_rust/src/main.rs_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md:18
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust\n"
|
|
"//! Rust demo."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md:21
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// Prints a greeting to standard output.\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"Hello from Rust!\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md:27
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "You can now build, push, and run the binary:"
|
|
msgstr "Sie können die Binärdatei jetzt erstellen, pushen und ausführen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md:29
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```shell\n"
|
|
"$ m hello_rust\n"
|
|
"$ adb push $ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/hello_rust /data/local/tmp\n"
|
|
"$ adb shell /data/local/tmp/hello_rust\n"
|
|
"Hello from Rust!\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/library.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Rust Libraries"
|
|
msgstr "# Rust-Bibliotheken"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/library.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "You use `rust_library` to create a new Rust library for Android."
|
|
msgstr "Sie verwenden `rust_library`, um eine neue Rust-Bibliothek für Android zu erstellen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/library.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Here we declare a dependency on two libraries:"
|
|
msgstr "Hier deklarieren wir eine Abhängigkeit von zwei Bibliotheken:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/library.md:7
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* `libgreeting`, which we define below,\n"
|
|
"* `libtextwrap`, which is a crate already vendored in\n"
|
|
" [`external/rust/crates/`][crates]."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* `libgreeting`, das wir unten definieren,\n"
|
|
"* `libtextwrap`, das ist eine Kiste, in der bereits verkauft wird\n"
|
|
" [`extern/rust/crates/`][crates]."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/library.md:11
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "[crates]: https://cs.android.com/android/platform/superproject/+/master:external/rust/crates/"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Kisten]: https://cs.android.com/android/platform/superproject/+/master:external/rust/crates/"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/library.md:15
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```javascript\n"
|
|
"rust_binary {\n"
|
|
" name: \"hello_rust_with_dep\",\n"
|
|
" crate_name: \"hello_rust_with_dep\",\n"
|
|
" srcs: [\"src/main.rs\"],\n"
|
|
" rustlibs: [\n"
|
|
" \"libgreetings\",\n"
|
|
" \"libtextwrap\",\n"
|
|
" ],\n"
|
|
" prefer_rlib: true,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/library.md:27
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"rust_library {\n"
|
|
" name: \"libgreetings\",\n"
|
|
" crate_name: \"greetings\",\n"
|
|
" srcs: [\"src/lib.rs\"],\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/library.md:36
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,ignore\n"
|
|
"//! Rust demo."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/library.md:39
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"use greetings::greeting;\n"
|
|
"use textwrap::fill;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/library.md:42
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// Prints a greeting to standard output.\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{}\", fill(&greeting(\"Bob\"), 24));\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/library.md:48
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "_hello_rust/src/lib.rs_:"
|
|
msgstr "_hello_rust/src/lib.rs_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/library.md:50
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,ignore\n"
|
|
"//! Greeting library."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/library.md:53
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// Greet `name`.\n"
|
|
"pub fn greeting(name: &str) -> String {\n"
|
|
" format!(\"Hello {name}, it is very nice to meet you!\")\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/library.md:59
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "You build, push, and run the binary like before:"
|
|
msgstr "Sie erstellen, pushen und führen die Binärdatei wie zuvor aus:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/library.md:61
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```shell\n"
|
|
"$ m hello_rust_with_dep\n"
|
|
"$ adb push $ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/hello_rust_with_dep /data/local/tmp\n"
|
|
"$ adb shell /data/local/tmp/hello_rust_with_dep\n"
|
|
"Hello Bob, it is very\n"
|
|
"nice to meet you!\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# AIDL"
|
|
msgstr "# AIDL"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The [Android Interface Definition Language\n"
|
|
"(AIDL)](https://developer.android.com/guide/components/aidl) is supported in Rust:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Die [Android Interface Definition Language\n"
|
|
"(AIDL)](https://developer.android.com/guide/components/aidl) wird in Rust unterstützt:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl.md:6
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Rust code can call existing AIDL servers,\n"
|
|
"* You can create new AIDL servers in Rust."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Rust-Code kann bestehende AIDL-Server aufrufen,\n"
|
|
"* Sie können neue AIDL-Server in Rust erstellen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/interface.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# AIDL Interfaces"
|
|
msgstr "# AIDL-Schnittstellen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/interface.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "You declare the API of your service using an AIDL interface:"
|
|
msgstr "Sie deklarieren die API Ihres Dienstes über eine AIDL-Schnittstelle:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/interface.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "*birthday_service/aidl/com/example/birthdayservice/IBirthdayService.aidl*:"
|
|
msgstr "*birthday_service/aidl/com/example/birthdayservice/IBirthdayService.aidl*:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/interface.md:7 src/android/aidl/changing.md:6
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```java\n"
|
|
"package com.example.birthdayservice;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/interface.md:10
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/** Birthday service interface. */\n"
|
|
"interface IBirthdayService {\n"
|
|
" /** Generate a Happy Birthday message. */\n"
|
|
" String wishHappyBirthday(String name, int years);\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/interface.md:17
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "*birthday_service/aidl/Android.bp*:"
|
|
msgstr "*birthday_service/aidl/Android.bp*:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/interface.md:19
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```javascript\n"
|
|
"aidl_interface {\n"
|
|
" name: \"com.example.birthdayservice\",\n"
|
|
" srcs: [\"com/example/birthdayservice/*.aidl\"],\n"
|
|
" unstable: true,\n"
|
|
" backend: {\n"
|
|
" rust: { // Rust is not enabled by default\n"
|
|
" enabled: true,\n"
|
|
" },\n"
|
|
" },\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/interface.md:32
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Add `vendor_available: true` if your AIDL file is used by a binary in the vendor\n"
|
|
"partition."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Fügen Sie „vendor_available: true“ hinzu, wenn Ihre AIDL-Datei von einer Binärdatei des Anbieters "
|
|
"verwendet wird\n"
|
|
"Partition."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/implementation.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Service Implementation"
|
|
msgstr "# Dienstimplementierung"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/implementation.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "We can now implement the AIDL service:"
|
|
msgstr "Wir können jetzt den AIDL-Dienst implementieren:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/implementation.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "*birthday_service/src/lib.rs*:"
|
|
msgstr "*birthday_service/src/lib.rs*:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/implementation.md:7
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,ignore\n"
|
|
"//! Implementation of the `IBirthdayService` AIDL interface.\n"
|
|
"use com_example_birthdayservice::aidl::com::example::birthdayservice::IBirthdayService::"
|
|
"IBirthdayService;\n"
|
|
"use com_example_birthdayservice::binder;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/implementation.md:12
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// The `IBirthdayService` implementation.\n"
|
|
"pub struct BirthdayService;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/implementation.md:15
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "impl binder::Interface for BirthdayService {}"
|
|
msgstr "impl binder::Interface für BirthdayService {}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/implementation.md:17
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"impl IBirthdayService for BirthdayService {\n"
|
|
" fn wishHappyBirthday(&self, name: &str, years: i32) -> binder::Result<String> {\n"
|
|
" Ok(format!(\n"
|
|
" \"Happy Birthday {name}, congratulations with the {years} years!\"\n"
|
|
" ))\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/implementation.md:26 src/android/aidl/server.md:28 src/android/aidl/client.md:37
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "*birthday_service/Android.bp*:"
|
|
msgstr "*birthday_service/Android.bp*:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/implementation.md:28
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```javascript\n"
|
|
"rust_library {\n"
|
|
" name: \"libbirthdayservice\",\n"
|
|
" srcs: [\"src/lib.rs\"],\n"
|
|
" crate_name: \"birthdayservice\",\n"
|
|
" rustlibs: [\n"
|
|
" \"com.example.birthdayservice-rust\",\n"
|
|
" \"libbinder_rs\",\n"
|
|
" ],\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/server.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# AIDL Server"
|
|
msgstr "# AIDL-Server"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/server.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Finally, we can create a server which exposes the service:"
|
|
msgstr "Schließlich können wir einen Server erstellen, der den Dienst verfügbar macht:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/server.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "*birthday_service/src/server.rs*:"
|
|
msgstr "*birthday_service/src/server.rs*:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/server.md:7
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,ignore\n"
|
|
"//! Birthday service.\n"
|
|
"use birthdayservice::BirthdayService;\n"
|
|
"use com_example_birthdayservice::aidl::com::example::birthdayservice::IBirthdayService::"
|
|
"BnBirthdayService;\n"
|
|
"use com_example_birthdayservice::binder;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/server.md:13 src/android/aidl/client.md:12
|
|
msgid "const SERVICE_IDENTIFIER: &str = \"birthdayservice\";"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/server.md:15
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// Entry point for birthday service.\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let birthday_service = BirthdayService;\n"
|
|
" let birthday_service_binder = BnBirthdayService::new_binder(\n"
|
|
" birthday_service,\n"
|
|
" binder::BinderFeatures::default(),\n"
|
|
" );\n"
|
|
" binder::add_service(SERVICE_IDENTIFIER, birthday_service_binder.as_binder())\n"
|
|
" .expect(\"Failed to register service\");\n"
|
|
" binder::ProcessState::join_thread_pool()\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/server.md:30
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```javascript\n"
|
|
"rust_binary {\n"
|
|
" name: \"birthday_server\",\n"
|
|
" crate_name: \"birthday_server\",\n"
|
|
" srcs: [\"src/server.rs\"],\n"
|
|
" rustlibs: [\n"
|
|
" \"com.example.birthdayservice-rust\",\n"
|
|
" \"libbinder_rs\",\n"
|
|
" \"libbirthdayservice\",\n"
|
|
" ],\n"
|
|
" prefer_rlib: true,\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/deploy.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Deploy"
|
|
msgstr "# Einsetzen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/deploy.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "We can now build, push, and start the service:"
|
|
msgstr "Wir können den Dienst jetzt erstellen, pushen und starten:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/deploy.md:5
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```shell\n"
|
|
"$ m birthday_server\n"
|
|
"$ adb push $ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/birthday_server /data/local/tmp\n"
|
|
"$ adb shell /data/local/tmp/birthday_server\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/deploy.md:11
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "In another terminal, check that the service runs:"
|
|
msgstr "Überprüfen Sie in einem anderen Terminal, ob der Dienst ausgeführt wird:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/deploy.md:13
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```shell\n"
|
|
"$ adb shell service check birthdayservice\n"
|
|
"Service birthdayservice: found\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/deploy.md:18
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "You can also call the service with `service call`:"
|
|
msgstr "Sie können den Service auch mit `Service Call` aufrufen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/deploy.md:20
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```shell\n"
|
|
"$ $ adb shell service call birthdayservice 1 s16 Bob i32 24\n"
|
|
"Result: Parcel(\n"
|
|
" 0x00000000: 00000000 00000036 00610048 00700070 '....6...H.a.p.p.'\n"
|
|
" 0x00000010: 00200079 00690042 00740072 00640068 'y. .B.i.r.t.h.d.'\n"
|
|
" 0x00000020: 00790061 00420020 0062006f 0020002c 'a.y. .B.o.b.,. .'\n"
|
|
" 0x00000030: 006f0063 0067006e 00610072 00750074 'c.o.n.g.r.a.t.u.'\n"
|
|
" 0x00000040: 0061006c 00690074 006e006f 00200073 'l.a.t.i.o.n.s. .'\n"
|
|
" 0x00000050: 00690077 00680074 00740020 00650068 'w.i.t.h. .t.h.e.'\n"
|
|
" 0x00000060: 00320020 00200034 00650079 00720061 ' .2.4. .y.e.a.r.'\n"
|
|
" 0x00000070: 00210073 00000000 's.!..... ')\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/client.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# AIDL Client"
|
|
msgstr "# AIDL-Client"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/client.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Finally, we can create a Rust client for our new service."
|
|
msgstr "Schließlich können wir einen Rust-Client für unseren neuen Dienst erstellen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/client.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "*birthday_service/src/client.rs*:"
|
|
msgstr "*birthday_service/src/client.rs*:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/client.md:7
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,ignore\n"
|
|
"//! Birthday service.\n"
|
|
"use com_example_birthdayservice::aidl::com::example::birthdayservice::IBirthdayService::"
|
|
"IBirthdayService;\n"
|
|
"use com_example_birthdayservice::binder;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/client.md:14
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// Connect to the BirthdayService.\n"
|
|
"pub fn connect() -> Result<binder::Strong<dyn IBirthdayService>, binder::StatusCode> {\n"
|
|
" binder::get_interface(SERVICE_IDENTIFIER)\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"/// Mit dem Geburtstagsdienst verbinden.\n"
|
|
"pub fn connect() -> Ergebnis<binder::Strong<dyn IBirthdayService>, binder::StatusCode> {\n"
|
|
" binder::get_interface(SERVICE_IDENTIFIER)\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/client.md:19
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// Call the birthday service.\n"
|
|
"fn main() -> Result<(), binder::Status> {\n"
|
|
" let name = std::env::args()\n"
|
|
" .nth(1)\n"
|
|
" .unwrap_or_else(|| String::from(\"Bob\"));\n"
|
|
" let years = std::env::args()\n"
|
|
" .nth(2)\n"
|
|
" .and_then(|arg| arg.parse::<i32>().ok())\n"
|
|
" .unwrap_or(42);"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/client.md:29
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" binder::ProcessState::start_thread_pool();\n"
|
|
" let service = connect().expect(\"Failed to connect to BirthdayService\");\n"
|
|
" let msg = service.wishHappyBirthday(&name, years)?;\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{msg}\");\n"
|
|
" Ok(())\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/client.md:39
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```javascript\n"
|
|
"rust_binary {\n"
|
|
" name: \"birthday_client\",\n"
|
|
" crate_name: \"birthday_client\",\n"
|
|
" srcs: [\"src/client.rs\"],\n"
|
|
" rustlibs: [\n"
|
|
" \"com.example.birthdayservice-rust\",\n"
|
|
" \"libbinder_rs\",\n"
|
|
" ],\n"
|
|
" prefer_rlib: true,\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/client.md:52
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Notice that the client does not depend on `libbirthdayservice`."
|
|
msgstr "Beachten Sie, dass der Client nicht von `libbirthdayservice` abhängt."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/client.md:54
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Build, push, and run the client on your device:"
|
|
msgstr "Erstellen, pushen und führen Sie den Client auf Ihrem Gerät aus:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/client.md:56
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```shell\n"
|
|
"$ m birthday_client\n"
|
|
"$ adb push $ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/birthday_client /data/local/tmp\n"
|
|
"$ adb shell /data/local/tmp/birthday_client Charlie 60\n"
|
|
"Happy Birthday Charlie, congratulations with the 60 years!\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/changing.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Changing API"
|
|
msgstr "# Ändern der API"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/changing.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Let us extend the API with more functionality: we want to let clients specify a\n"
|
|
"list of lines for the birthday card:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Lassen Sie uns die API um mehr Funktionalität erweitern: Wir möchten, dass Kunden a angeben\n"
|
|
"Liste der Zeilen für die Geburtstagskarte:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/changing.md:9
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/** Birthday service interface. */\n"
|
|
"interface IBirthdayService {\n"
|
|
" /** Generate a Happy Birthday message. */\n"
|
|
" String wishHappyBirthday(String name, int years, in String[] text);\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/logging.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Logging"
|
|
msgstr "# Protokollierung"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/logging.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You should use the `log` crate to automatically log to `logcat` (on-device) or\n"
|
|
"`stdout` (on-host):"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Sie sollten die `log`-Crate verwenden, um sich automatisch bei `logcat` (auf dem Gerät) anzumelden "
|
|
"oder\n"
|
|
"`stdout` (auf dem Host):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/logging.md:6
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "_hello_rust_logs/Android.bp_:"
|
|
msgstr "_hello_rust_logs/Android.bp_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/logging.md:8
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```javascript\n"
|
|
"rust_binary {\n"
|
|
" name: \"hello_rust_logs\",\n"
|
|
" crate_name: \"hello_rust_logs\",\n"
|
|
" srcs: [\"src/main.rs\"],\n"
|
|
" rustlibs: [\n"
|
|
" \"liblog_rust\",\n"
|
|
" \"liblogger\",\n"
|
|
" ],\n"
|
|
" prefer_rlib: true,\n"
|
|
" host_supported: true,\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/logging.md:22
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "_hello_rust_logs/src/main.rs_:"
|
|
msgstr "_hello_rust_logs/src/main.rs_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/logging.md:24
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,ignore\n"
|
|
"//! Rust logging demo."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/logging.md:27
|
|
msgid "use log::{debug, error, info};"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/logging.md:29
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// Logs a greeting.\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" logger::init(\n"
|
|
" logger::Config::default()\n"
|
|
" .with_tag_on_device(\"rust\")\n"
|
|
" .with_min_level(log::Level::Trace),\n"
|
|
" );\n"
|
|
" debug!(\"Starting program.\");\n"
|
|
" info!(\"Things are going fine.\");\n"
|
|
" error!(\"Something went wrong!\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/logging.md:42 src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:98
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:73
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Build, push, and run the binary on your device:"
|
|
msgstr "Erstellen, übertragen und führen Sie die Binärdatei auf Ihrem Gerät aus:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/logging.md:44
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```shell\n"
|
|
"$ m hello_rust_logs\n"
|
|
"$ adb push $ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/hello_rust_logs /data/local/tmp\n"
|
|
"$ adb shell /data/local/tmp/hello_rust_logs\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/logging.md:50
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "The logs show up in `adb logcat`:"
|
|
msgstr "Die Protokolle werden in `adb logcat` angezeigt:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/logging.md:52
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```shell\n"
|
|
"$ adb logcat -s rust\n"
|
|
"09-08 08:38:32.454 2420 2420 D rust: hello_rust_logs: Starting program.\n"
|
|
"09-08 08:38:32.454 2420 2420 I rust: hello_rust_logs: Things are going fine.\n"
|
|
"09-08 08:38:32.454 2420 2420 E rust: hello_rust_logs: Something went wrong!\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Interoperability"
|
|
msgstr "# Interoperabilität"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust has excellent support for interoperability with other languages. This means\n"
|
|
"that you can:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust bietet eine hervorragende Unterstützung für die Interoperabilität mit anderen Sprachen. Das "
|
|
"heisst\n"
|
|
"dass du kannst:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability.md:6
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* Call Rust functions from other languages.\n"
|
|
"* Call functions written in other languages from Rust."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* Rufen Sie Rust-Funktionen aus anderen Sprachen auf.\n"
|
|
"* Rufen Sie in anderen Sprachen geschriebene Funktionen von Rust auf."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability.md:9
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"When you call functions in a foreign language we say that you're using a\n"
|
|
"_foreign function interface_, also known as FFI."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Wenn Sie Funktionen in einer Fremdsprache aufrufen, sagen wir, dass Sie a verwenden\n"
|
|
"_Fremdfunktionsschnittstelle_, auch bekannt als FFI."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Interoperability with C"
|
|
msgstr "# Interoperabilität mit C"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust has full support for linking object files with a C calling convention.\n"
|
|
"Similarly, you can export Rust functions and call them from C."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust bietet volle Unterstützung für das Linken von Objektdateien mit einer C-Aufrufkonvention.\n"
|
|
"Ebenso können Sie Rust-Funktionen exportieren und von C aus aufrufen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md:6
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "You can do it by hand if you want:"
|
|
msgstr "Sie können es von Hand tun, wenn Sie möchten:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md:8
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust\n"
|
|
"extern \"C\" {\n"
|
|
" fn abs(x: i32) -> i32;\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md:13
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let x = -42;\n"
|
|
" let abs_x = unsafe { abs(x) };\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{x}, {abs_x}\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md:20
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"We already saw this in the [Safe FFI Wrapper\n"
|
|
"exercise](../../exercises/day-3/safe-ffi-wrapper.md)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Wir haben dies bereits im [Safe FFI Wrapper\n"
|
|
"Übung](../../Übungen/Tag-3/safe-ffi-wrapper.md)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md:23
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"> This assumes full knowledge of the target platform. Not recommended for\n"
|
|
"> production."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"> Dies setzt vollständige Kenntnisse der Zielplattform voraus. Nicht empfehlenswert für\n"
|
|
"> Produktion."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md:26
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "We will look at better options next."
|
|
msgstr "Wir werden uns als nächstes bessere Optionen ansehen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Using Bindgen"
|
|
msgstr "# Verwenden von Bindgen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The [bindgen](https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-bindgen/introduction.html) tool\n"
|
|
"can auto-generate bindings from a C header file."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Das Tool [bindgen](https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-bindgen/introduction.html).\n"
|
|
"kann Bindungen aus einer C-Header-Datei automatisch generieren."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:6
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "First create a small C library:"
|
|
msgstr "Erstellen Sie zunächst eine kleine C-Bibliothek:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:8
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "_interoperability/bindgen/libbirthday.h_:"
|
|
msgstr "_interoperability/bindgen/libbirthday.h_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:10
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```c\n"
|
|
"typedef struct card {\n"
|
|
" const char* name;\n"
|
|
" int years;\n"
|
|
"} card;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:16
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"void print_card(const card* card);\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:19
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "_interoperability/bindgen/libbirthday.c_:"
|
|
msgstr "_interoperability/bindgen/libbirthday.c_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:21
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```c\n"
|
|
"#include <stdio.h>\n"
|
|
"#include \"libbirthday.h\""
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:25
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"void print_card(const card* card) {\n"
|
|
" printf(\"+--------------\\n\");\n"
|
|
" printf(\"| Happy Birthday %s!\\n\", card->name);\n"
|
|
" printf(\"| Congratulations with the %i years!\\n\", card->years);\n"
|
|
" printf(\"+--------------\\n\");\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:33
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Add this to your `Android.bp` file:"
|
|
msgstr "Fügen Sie dies zu Ihrer `Android.bp`-Datei hinzu:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:35
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:55
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:69
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:108
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "_interoperability/bindgen/Android.bp_:"
|
|
msgstr "_interoperability/bindgen/Android.bp_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:37
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```javascript\n"
|
|
"cc_library {\n"
|
|
" name: \"libbirthday\",\n"
|
|
" srcs: [\"libbirthday.c\"],\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:44
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Create a wrapper header file for the library (not strictly needed in this\n"
|
|
"example):"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Erstellen Sie eine Wrapper-Header-Datei für die Bibliothek (in this\n"
|
|
"Beispiel):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:47
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "_interoperability/bindgen/libbirthday_wrapper.h_:"
|
|
msgstr "_interoperability/bindgen/libbirthday_wrapper.h_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:49
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```c\n"
|
|
"#include \"libbirthday.h\"\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:53
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "You can now auto-generate the bindings:"
|
|
msgstr "Sie können die Bindungen jetzt automatisch generieren:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:57
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```javascript\n"
|
|
"rust_bindgen {\n"
|
|
" name: \"libbirthday_bindgen\",\n"
|
|
" crate_name: \"birthday_bindgen\",\n"
|
|
" wrapper_src: \"libbirthday_wrapper.h\",\n"
|
|
" source_stem: \"bindings\",\n"
|
|
" static_libs: [\"libbirthday\"],\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:67
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Finally, we can use the bindings in our Rust program:"
|
|
msgstr "Schließlich können wir die Bindungen in unserem Rust-Programm verwenden:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:71
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```javascript\n"
|
|
"rust_binary {\n"
|
|
" name: \"print_birthday_card\",\n"
|
|
" srcs: [\"main.rs\"],\n"
|
|
" rustlibs: [\"libbirthday_bindgen\"],\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:79
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "_interoperability/bindgen/main.rs_:"
|
|
msgstr "_interoperability/bindgen/main.rs_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:81
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,compile_fail\n"
|
|
"//! Bindgen demo."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:84
|
|
msgid "use birthday_bindgen::{card, print_card};"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:86
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let name = std::ffi::CString::new(\"Peter\").unwrap();\n"
|
|
" let card = card {\n"
|
|
" name: name.as_ptr(),\n"
|
|
" years: 42,\n"
|
|
" };\n"
|
|
" unsafe {\n"
|
|
" print_card(&card as *const card);\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:100
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```shell\n"
|
|
"$ m print_birthday_card\n"
|
|
"$ adb push $ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/print_birthday_card /data/local/tmp\n"
|
|
"$ adb shell /data/local/tmp/print_birthday_card\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:106
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Finally, we can run auto-generated tests to ensure the bindings work:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Schließlich können wir automatisch generierte Tests ausführen, um sicherzustellen, dass die "
|
|
"Bindungen funktionieren:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:110
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```javascript\n"
|
|
"rust_test {\n"
|
|
" name: \"libbirthday_bindgen_test\",\n"
|
|
" srcs: [\":libbirthday_bindgen\"],\n"
|
|
" crate_name: \"libbirthday_bindgen_test\",\n"
|
|
" test_suites: [\"general-tests\"],\n"
|
|
" auto_gen_config: true,\n"
|
|
" clippy_lints: \"none\", // Generated file, skip linting\n"
|
|
" lints: \"none\",\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md:122
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```shell\n"
|
|
"$ atest libbirthday_bindgen_test\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Calling Rust"
|
|
msgstr "# Rust anrufen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Exporting Rust functions and types to C is easy:"
|
|
msgstr "Der Export von Rust-Funktionen und -Typen nach C ist einfach:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "_interoperability/rust/libanalyze/analyze.rs_"
|
|
msgstr "_interoperability/rust/libanalyze/analyze.rs_"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:7
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,editable\n"
|
|
"//! Rust FFI demo.\n"
|
|
"#![deny(improper_ctypes_definitions)]"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:11
|
|
msgid "use std::os::raw::c_int;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:13
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// Analyze the numbers.\n"
|
|
"#[no_mangle]\n"
|
|
"pub extern \"C\" fn analyze_numbers(x: c_int, y: c_int) {\n"
|
|
" if x < y {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"x ({x}) is smallest!\");\n"
|
|
" } else {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"y ({y}) is probably larger than x ({x})\");\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:24
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "_interoperability/rust/libanalyze/analyze.h_"
|
|
msgstr "_interoperability/rust/libanalyze/analyze.h_"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:26
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```c\n"
|
|
"#ifndef ANALYSE_H\n"
|
|
"#define ANALYSE_H"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:30
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"extern \"C\" {\n"
|
|
"void analyze_numbers(int x, int y);\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:34
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"#endif\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:37
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "_interoperability/rust/libanalyze/Android.bp_"
|
|
msgstr "_interoperability/rust/libanalyze/Android.bp_"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:39
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```javascript\n"
|
|
"rust_ffi {\n"
|
|
" name: \"libanalyze_ffi\",\n"
|
|
" crate_name: \"analyze_ffi\",\n"
|
|
" srcs: [\"analyze.rs\"],\n"
|
|
" include_dirs: [\".\"],\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:48
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "We can now call this from a C binary:"
|
|
msgstr "Wir können dies jetzt aus einer C-Binärdatei aufrufen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:50
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "_interoperability/rust/analyze/main.c_"
|
|
msgstr "_interoperability/rust/analyze/main.c_"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:52
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```c\n"
|
|
"#include \"analyze.h\""
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:55
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"int main() {\n"
|
|
" analyze_numbers(10, 20);\n"
|
|
" analyze_numbers(123, 123);\n"
|
|
" return 0;\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:62
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "_interoperability/rust/analyze/Android.bp_"
|
|
msgstr "_interoperability/rust/analyze/Android.bp_"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:64
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```javascript\n"
|
|
"cc_binary {\n"
|
|
" name: \"analyze_numbers\",\n"
|
|
" srcs: [\"main.c\"],\n"
|
|
" static_libs: [\"libanalyze_ffi\"],\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:75
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```shell\n"
|
|
"$ m analyze_numbers\n"
|
|
"$ adb push $ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/analyze_numbers /data/local/tmp\n"
|
|
"$ adb shell /data/local/tmp/analyze_numbers\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md:83
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`#[no_mangle]` disables Rust's usual name mangling, so the exported symbol will just be the name "
|
|
"of\n"
|
|
"the function. You can also use `#[export_name = \"some_name\"]` to specify whatever name you want."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`#[no_mangle]` deaktiviert Rusts übliches Namensverstümmeln, so dass das exportierte Symbol nur "
|
|
"der Name von ist\n"
|
|
"die Funktion. Sie können auch `#[export_name = \"some_name\"]` verwenden, um einen beliebigen "
|
|
"Namen anzugeben."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# With C++"
|
|
msgstr "# Mit C++"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The [CXX crate][1] makes it possible to do safe interoperability between Rust\n"
|
|
"and C++."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Die [CXX-Kiste][1] ermöglicht eine sichere Interoperabilität zwischen Rust\n"
|
|
"und C++."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp.md:6
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "The overall approach looks like this:"
|
|
msgstr "Der Gesamtansatz sieht wie folgt aus:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp.md:8
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "<img src=\"cpp/overview.svg\">"
|
|
msgstr "<img src=\"cpp/overview.svg\">"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp.md:10
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "See the [CXX tutorial][2] for an full example of using this."
|
|
msgstr "Ein vollständiges Beispiel für die Verwendung finden Sie im [CXX-Tutorial] [2]."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp.md:12
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[1]: https://cxx.rs/\n"
|
|
"[2]: https://cxx.rs/tutorial.html"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[1]: https://cxx.rs/\n"
|
|
"[2]: https://cxx.rs/tutorial.html"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/java.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Interoperability with Java"
|
|
msgstr "# Interoperabilität mit Java"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/java.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Java can load shared objects via [Java Native Interface\n"
|
|
"(JNI)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Native_Interface). The [`jni`\n"
|
|
"crate](https://docs.rs/jni/) allows you to create a compatible library."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Java kann gemeinsame Objekte über [Java Native Interface\n"
|
|
"(JNI)](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Native_Interface). Die [`jni`\n"
|
|
"crate](https://docs.rs/jni/) ermöglicht es Ihnen, eine kompatible Bibliothek zu erstellen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/java.md:7
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "First, we create a Rust function to export to Java:"
|
|
msgstr "Zuerst erstellen wir eine Rust-Funktion zum Exportieren nach Java:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/java.md:9
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "_interoperability/java/src/lib.rs_:"
|
|
msgstr "_interoperability/java/src/lib.rs_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/java.md:11
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust,compile_fail\n"
|
|
"//! Rust <-> Java FFI demo."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/java.md:14
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"use jni::objects::{JClass, JString};\n"
|
|
"use jni::sys::jstring;\n"
|
|
"use jni::JNIEnv;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/java.md:18
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// HelloWorld::hello method implementation.\n"
|
|
"#[no_mangle]\n"
|
|
"pub extern \"system\" fn Java_HelloWorld_hello(\n"
|
|
" env: JNIEnv,\n"
|
|
" _class: JClass,\n"
|
|
" name: JString,\n"
|
|
") -> jstring {\n"
|
|
" let input: String = env.get_string(name).unwrap().into();\n"
|
|
" let greeting = format!(\"Hello, {input}!\");\n"
|
|
" let output = env.new_string(greeting).unwrap();\n"
|
|
" output.into_inner()\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/java.md:32 src/android/interoperability/java.md:62
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "_interoperability/java/Android.bp_:"
|
|
msgstr "_interoperability/java/Android.bp_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/java.md:34
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```javascript\n"
|
|
"rust_ffi_shared {\n"
|
|
" name: \"libhello_jni\",\n"
|
|
" crate_name: \"hello_jni\",\n"
|
|
" srcs: [\"src/lib.rs\"],\n"
|
|
" rustlibs: [\"libjni\"],\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/java.md:43
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Finally, we can call this function from Java:"
|
|
msgstr "Schließlich können wir diese Funktion von Java aus aufrufen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/java.md:45
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "_interoperability/java/HelloWorld.java_:"
|
|
msgstr "_interoperability/java/HelloWorld.java_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/java.md:47
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```java\n"
|
|
"class HelloWorld {\n"
|
|
" private static native String hello(String name);"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/java.md:51
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" static {\n"
|
|
" System.loadLibrary(\"hello_jni\");\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/java.md:55
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" public static void main(String[] args) {\n"
|
|
" String output = HelloWorld.hello(\"Alice\");\n"
|
|
" System.out.println(output);\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/java.md:64
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```javascript\n"
|
|
"java_binary {\n"
|
|
" name: \"helloworld_jni\",\n"
|
|
" srcs: [\"HelloWorld.java\"],\n"
|
|
" main_class: \"HelloWorld\",\n"
|
|
" required: [\"libhello_jni\"],\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/java.md:73
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Finally, you can build, sync, and run the binary:"
|
|
msgstr "Schließlich können Sie die Binärdatei erstellen, synchronisieren und ausführen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/java.md:75
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```shell\n"
|
|
"$ m helloworld_jni\n"
|
|
"$ adb sync # requires adb root && adb remount\n"
|
|
"$ adb shell /system/bin/helloworld_jni\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/afternoon.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"For the last exercise, we will look at one of the projects you work with. Let us\n"
|
|
"group up and do this together. Some suggestions:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Für die letzte Übung schauen wir uns eines der Projekte an, mit denen Sie arbeiten. Lassen Sie "
|
|
"uns\n"
|
|
"gruppiert euch und macht das gemeinsam. Einige Vorschläge:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/afternoon.md:6
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* Call your AIDL service with a client written in Rust."
|
|
msgstr "* Rufen Sie Ihren AIDL-Service mit einem in Rust geschriebenen Client an."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/afternoon.md:8
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "* Move a function from your project to Rust and call it."
|
|
msgstr "* Verschieben Sie eine Funktion aus Ihrem Projekt nach Rust und rufen Sie sie auf."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/afternoon.md:12
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"No solution is provided here since this is open-ended: it relies on someone in\n"
|
|
"the class having a piece of code which you can turn in to Rust on the fly."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Hier wird keine Lösung bereitgestellt, da dies offen ist: Es hängt von jemandem ab\n"
|
|
"Die Klasse hat einen Code, den Sie spontan an Rust übergeben können."
|
|
|
|
#: src/thanks.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Thanks!"
|
|
msgstr "# Danke!"
|
|
|
|
#: src/thanks.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"_Thank you for taking Comprehensive Rust 🦀!_ We hope you enjoyed it and that it\n"
|
|
"was useful."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"_Vielen Dank, dass Sie Comprehensive Rust 🦀 genommen haben!_ Wir hoffen, dass es Ihnen gefallen "
|
|
"hat und dass es\n"
|
|
"war nützlich."
|
|
|
|
#: src/thanks.md:6
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"We've had a lot of fun putting the course together. The course is not perfect,\n"
|
|
"so if you spotted any mistakes or have ideas for improvements, please get in\n"
|
|
"[contact with us on\n"
|
|
"GitHub](https://github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/discussions). We would love\n"
|
|
"to hear from you."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Es hat uns viel Spaß gemacht, den Kurs zusammenzustellen. Der Kurs ist nicht perfekt,\n"
|
|
"Wenn Sie also Fehler entdeckt haben oder Verbesserungsvorschläge haben, melden Sie sich bitte\n"
|
|
"[Kontakt mit uns auf\n"
|
|
"GitHub](https://github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/discussions). Wir würden lieben\n"
|
|
"von dir zu hören."
|
|
|
|
#: src/other-resources.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Other Rust Resources"
|
|
msgstr "# Andere Rostressourcen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/other-resources.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The Rust community has created a wealth of high-quality and free resources\n"
|
|
"online."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Die Rust-Community hat eine Fülle hochwertiger und kostenloser Ressourcen geschaffen\n"
|
|
"online."
|
|
|
|
#: src/other-resources.md:6
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "## Official Documentation"
|
|
msgstr "## Offizielle Dokumentation"
|
|
|
|
#: src/other-resources.md:8
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "The Rust project hosts many resources. These cover Rust in general:"
|
|
msgstr "Das Rust-Projekt beherbergt viele Ressourcen. Diese decken Rust im Allgemeinen ab:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/other-resources.md:10
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* [The Rust Programming Language](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/): the\n"
|
|
" canonical free book about Rust. Covers the language in detail and includes a\n"
|
|
" few projects for people to build.\n"
|
|
"* [Rust By Example](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/): covers the Rust\n"
|
|
" syntax via a series of examples which showcase different constructs. Sometimes\n"
|
|
" includes small exercises where you are asked to expand on the code in the\n"
|
|
" examples.\n"
|
|
"* [Rust Standard Library](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/): full documentation of\n"
|
|
" the standard library for Rust.\n"
|
|
"* [The Rust Reference](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/): an incomplete book\n"
|
|
" which describes the Rust grammar and memory model."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* [Die Programmiersprache Rust](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/): die\n"
|
|
" Kanonisches kostenloses Buch über Rust. Deckt die Sprache im Detail ab und enthält a\n"
|
|
" wenige Projekte für Menschen zu bauen.\n"
|
|
"* [Rust By Example](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/): deckt den Rust ab\n"
|
|
" Syntax über eine Reihe von Beispielen, die verschiedene Konstrukte demonstrieren. Manchmal\n"
|
|
" enthält kleine Übungen, in denen Sie aufgefordert werden, den Code in der zu erweitern\n"
|
|
" Beispiele.\n"
|
|
"* [Rust Standard Library](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/): vollständige Dokumentation von\n"
|
|
" die Standardbibliothek für Rust.\n"
|
|
"* [The Rust Reference](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/): ein unvollständiges Buch\n"
|
|
" das die Rust-Grammatik und das Speichermodell beschreibt."
|
|
|
|
#: src/other-resources.md:22
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "More specialized guides hosted on the official Rust site:"
|
|
msgstr "Weitere spezialisierte Guides, die auf der offiziellen Rust-Website gehostet werden:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/other-resources.md:24
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* [The Rustonomicon](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/): covers unsafe Rust,\n"
|
|
" including working with raw pointers and interfacing with other languages\n"
|
|
" (FFI).\n"
|
|
"* [Asynchronous Programming in Rust](https://rust-lang.github.io/async-book/):\n"
|
|
" covers the new asynchronous programming model which was introduced after the\n"
|
|
" Rust Book was written.\n"
|
|
"* [The Embedded Rust Book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/embedded-book/): an\n"
|
|
" introduction to using Rust on embedded devices without an operating system."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* [The Rustonomicon](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/): deckt unsicheres Rust ab,\n"
|
|
" einschließlich der Arbeit mit rohen Zeigern und der Anbindung an andere Sprachen\n"
|
|
" (FFI).\n"
|
|
"* [Asynchrone Programmierung in Rust](https://rust-lang.github.io/async-book/):\n"
|
|
" deckt das neue asynchrone Programmiermodell ab, das nach dem eingeführt wurde\n"
|
|
" Rust Book wurde geschrieben.\n"
|
|
"* [Das eingebettete Rust-Buch] (https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/embedded-book/): an\n"
|
|
" Einführung in die Verwendung von Rust auf eingebetteten Geräten ohne Betriebssystem."
|
|
|
|
#: src/other-resources.md:33
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "## Unofficial Learning Material"
|
|
msgstr "## Inoffizielles Lernmaterial"
|
|
|
|
#: src/other-resources.md:35
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "A small selection of other guides and tutorial for Rust:"
|
|
msgstr "Eine kleine Auswahl an weiteren Guides und Tutorials für Rust:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/other-resources.md:37
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"* [Learn Rust the Dangerous Way](http://cliffle.com/p/dangerust/): covers Rust\n"
|
|
" from the perspective of low-level C programmers.\n"
|
|
"* [Rust for Embedded C\n"
|
|
" Programmers](https://docs.opentitan.org/doc/ug/rust_for_c/): covers Rust from\n"
|
|
" the perspective of developers who write firmware in C.\n"
|
|
"* [Rust for professionals](https://overexact.com/rust-for-professionals/):\n"
|
|
" covers the syntax of Rust using side-by-side comparisons with other languages\n"
|
|
" such as C, C++, Java, JavaScript, and Python.\n"
|
|
"* [Rust on Exercism](https://exercism.org/tracks/rust): 100+ exercises to help\n"
|
|
" you learn Rust.\n"
|
|
"* [Ferrous Teaching\n"
|
|
" Material](https://ferrous-systems.github.io/teaching-material/index.html): a\n"
|
|
" series of small presentations covering both basic and advanced part of the\n"
|
|
" Rust language. Other topics such as WebAssembly, and async/await are also\n"
|
|
" covered.\n"
|
|
"* [Beginner's Series to\n"
|
|
" Rust](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/shows/beginners-series-to-rust/) and\n"
|
|
" [Take your first steps with\n"
|
|
" Rust](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/learn/paths/rust-first-steps/): two\n"
|
|
" Rust guides aimed at new developers. The first is a set of 35 videos and the\n"
|
|
" second is a set of 11 modules which covers Rust syntax and basic constructs."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"* [Learn Rust the Dangerous Way](http://cliffle.com/p/dangerust/): deckt Rust ab\n"
|
|
" aus der Perspektive von Low-Level-C-Programmierern.\n"
|
|
"* [Rost für eingebettetes C\n"
|
|
" Programmierer] (https://docs.opentitan.org/doc/ug/rust_for_c/): deckt Rust ab\n"
|
|
" die Perspektive von Entwicklern, die Firmware in C schreiben.\n"
|
|
"* [Rost für Profis](https://overexact.com/rust-for-professionals/):\n"
|
|
" deckt die Syntax von Rust durch Side-by-Side-Vergleiche mit anderen Sprachen ab\n"
|
|
" wie C, C++, Java, JavaScript und Python.\n"
|
|
"* [Rust on Exercism](https://exercism.org/tracks/rust): Über 100 hilfreiche Übungen\n"
|
|
" Sie lernen Rost.\n"
|
|
"* [Eisenlehre\n"
|
|
" Material](https://ferrous-systems.github.io/teaching-material/index.html): a\n"
|
|
" Reihe von kleinen Präsentationen, die sowohl den grundlegenden als auch den fortgeschrittenen "
|
|
"Teil des\n"
|
|
" Rostige Sprache. Andere Themen wie WebAssembly und async/await sind ebenfalls enthalten\n"
|
|
" bedeckt.\n"
|
|
"* [Anfängerserie bis\n"
|
|
" Rust](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/shows/beginners-series-to-rust/) und\n"
|
|
" [Machen Sie Ihre ersten Schritte mit\n"
|
|
" Rust](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/learn/paths/rust-first-steps/): zwei\n"
|
|
" Rust-Leitfäden für neue Entwickler. Die erste ist eine Reihe von 35 Videos und die\n"
|
|
" Das zweite ist ein Satz von 11 Modulen, der die Rust-Syntax und grundlegende Konstrukte abdeckt."
|
|
|
|
#: src/other-resources.md:59
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Please see the [Little Book of Rust Books](https://lborb.github.io/book/) for\n"
|
|
"even more Rust books."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Weitere Informationen finden Sie im [Little Book of Rust Books] (https://lborb.github.io/book/).\n"
|
|
"noch mehr Rust-Bücher."
|
|
|
|
#: src/credits.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Credits"
|
|
msgstr "# Credits"
|
|
|
|
#: src/credits.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The material here builds on top of the many great sources of Rust documentation.\n"
|
|
"See the page on [other resources](other-resources.md) for a full list of useful\n"
|
|
"resources."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Das Material hier baut auf den vielen großartigen Quellen der Rust-Dokumentation auf.\n"
|
|
"Auf der Seite [andere Ressourcen] (other-resources.md) finden Sie eine vollständige Liste "
|
|
"nützlicher Ressourcen\n"
|
|
"Ressourcen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/credits.md:7
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The material of Comprehensive Rust is licensed under the terms of the Apache 2.0\n"
|
|
"license, please see [`LICENSE`](../LICENSE) for details."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Das Material von Comprehensive Rust ist unter den Bedingungen von Apache 2.0 lizenziert\n"
|
|
"Lizenz finden Sie unter [`LICENSE`](../LICENSE) für Einzelheiten."
|
|
|
|
#: src/credits.md:10
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "## Rust by Example"
|
|
msgstr "## Rost zum Beispiel"
|
|
|
|
#: src/credits.md:12
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Some examples and exercises have been copied and adapted from [Rust by\n"
|
|
"Example](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/). Please see the\n"
|
|
"`third_party/rust-by-example/` directory for details, including the license\n"
|
|
"terms."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Einige Beispiele und Übungen wurden aus [Rust by\n"
|
|
"Beispiel](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/). Bitte sehen Sie sich ... an\n"
|
|
"`third_party/rust-by-example/`-Verzeichnis für Details, einschließlich der Lizenz\n"
|
|
"Bedingungen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/credits.md:17
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "## Rust on Exercism"
|
|
msgstr "## Rost auf Übung"
|
|
|
|
#: src/credits.md:19
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Some exercises have been copied and adapted from [Rust on\n"
|
|
"Exercism](https://exercism.org/tracks/rust). Please see the\n"
|
|
"`third_party/rust-on-exercism/` directory for details, including the license\n"
|
|
"terms."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Einige Übungen wurden von [Rust on\n"
|
|
"Übung] (https://exercism.org/tracks/rust). Bitte sehen Sie sich ... an\n"
|
|
"`third_party/rust-on-exercism/`-Verzeichnis für Details, einschließlich der Lizenz\n"
|
|
"Bedingungen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/credits.md:24
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "## CXX"
|
|
msgstr "##CXX"
|
|
|
|
#: src/credits.md:26
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The [Interoperability with C++](android/interoperability/cpp.md) section uses an\n"
|
|
"image from [CXX](https://cxx.rs/). Please see the `third_party/cxx/` directory\n"
|
|
"for details, including the license terms."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Der Abschnitt [Interoperability with C++](android/interoperability/cpp.md) verwendet eine\n"
|
|
"Bild von [CXX](https://cxx.rs/). Bitte sehen Sie sich das Verzeichnis `third_party/cxx/` an\n"
|
|
"für Details, einschließlich der Lizenzbedingungen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/solutions.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Solutions"
|
|
msgstr "# Lösungen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/solutions.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "You will find solutions to the exercises on the following pages."
|
|
msgstr "Auf den folgenden Seiten finden Sie Lösungen zu den Aufgaben."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/solutions.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Feel free to ask questions about the solutions [on\n"
|
|
"GitHub](https://github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/discussions). Let us know\n"
|
|
"if you have a different or better solution than what is presented here."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Fühlen Sie sich frei, Fragen zu den Lösungen zu stellen [on\n"
|
|
"GitHub](https://github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/discussions). Lass uns wissen\n"
|
|
"wenn Sie eine andere oder bessere Lösung als die hier vorgestellte haben."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/solutions.md:10
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"> **Note:** Please ignore the `// ANCHOR: label` and `// ANCHOR_END: label`\n"
|
|
"> comments you see in the solutions. They are there to make it possible to\n"
|
|
"> re-use parts of the solutions as the exercises."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"> **Hinweis:** Bitte ignorieren Sie `// ANCHOR: label` und `// ANCHOR_END: label`\n"
|
|
"> Kommentare, die Sie in den Lösungen sehen. Sie sind da, um es zu ermöglichen\n"
|
|
"> Teile der Lösungen als Aufgaben wiederverwenden."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/solutions-morning.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Day 1 Morning Exercises"
|
|
msgstr "# Tag 1 Morgengymnastik"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/solutions-morning.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "## Arrays and `for` Loops"
|
|
msgstr "## Arrays und „for“-Schleifen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/solutions-morning.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "([back to exercise](for-loops.md))"
|
|
msgstr "([zurück zur Übung](for-loops.md))"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/solutions-morning.md:7 src/exercises/day-1/solutions-afternoon.md:7
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:7 src/exercises/day-2/solutions-afternoon.md:7
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-afternoon.md:102 src/exercises/day-3/solutions-morning.md:7
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/solutions-afternoon.md:7 src/exercises/day-4/solutions-morning.md:7
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```rust\n"
|
|
"// Copyright 2022 Google LLC\n"
|
|
"//\n"
|
|
"// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n"
|
|
"// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n"
|
|
"// You may obtain a copy of the License at\n"
|
|
"//\n"
|
|
"// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n"
|
|
"//\n"
|
|
"// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n"
|
|
"// distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n"
|
|
"// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n"
|
|
"// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n"
|
|
"// limitations under the License."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/solutions-morning.md:22
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// ANCHOR: transpose\n"
|
|
"fn transpose(matrix: [[i32; 3]; 3]) -> [[i32; 3]; 3] {\n"
|
|
" // ANCHOR_END: transpose\n"
|
|
" let mut result = [[0; 3]; 3];\n"
|
|
" for i in 0..3 {\n"
|
|
" for j in 0..3 {\n"
|
|
" result[j][i] = matrix[i][j];\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" return result;\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/solutions-morning.md:34
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// ANCHOR: pretty_print\n"
|
|
"fn pretty_print(matrix: &[[i32; 3]; 3]) {\n"
|
|
" // ANCHOR_END: pretty_print\n"
|
|
" for row in matrix {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{row:?}\");\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/solutions-morning.md:42
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// ANCHOR: tests\n"
|
|
"#[test]\n"
|
|
"fn test_transpose() {\n"
|
|
" let matrix = [\n"
|
|
" [101, 102, 103], //\n"
|
|
" [201, 202, 203],\n"
|
|
" [301, 302, 303],\n"
|
|
" ];\n"
|
|
" let transposed = transpose(matrix);\n"
|
|
" assert_eq!(\n"
|
|
" transposed,\n"
|
|
" [\n"
|
|
" [101, 201, 301], //\n"
|
|
" [102, 202, 302],\n"
|
|
" [103, 203, 303],\n"
|
|
" ]\n"
|
|
" );\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"// ANCHOR_END: tests"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/solutions-morning.md:62
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// ANCHOR: main\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let matrix = [\n"
|
|
" [101, 102, 103], // <-- the comment makes rustfmt add a newline\n"
|
|
" [201, 202, 203],\n"
|
|
" [301, 302, 303],\n"
|
|
" ];"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/solutions-morning.md:73
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" let transposed = transpose(matrix);\n"
|
|
" println!(\"transposed:\");\n"
|
|
" pretty_print(&transposed);\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
msgid "### Bonus question"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/solutions-morning.md:80
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"It honestly doesn't work so well. It might seem that we could use a slice-of-slices (`&[&[i32]]`) "
|
|
"as the input type to transpose and thus make our function handle any size of matrix. However, this "
|
|
"quickly breaks down: the return type cannot be `&[&[i32]]` since it needs to own the data you "
|
|
"return."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Es funktioniert ehrlich gesagt nicht so gut. Es scheint, als könnten wir ein Slice-of-Slices "
|
|
"(`&[&[i32]]`) als Eingabetyp für die Transponierung verwenden und unsere Funktion so dazu bringen, "
|
|
"jede Matrixgröße zu handhaben. Dies bricht jedoch schnell zusammen: Der Rückgabetyp kann nicht "
|
|
"`&[&[i32]]` sein, da er die von Ihnen zurückgegebenen Daten besitzen muss."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/solutions-morning.md:82
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You can attempt to use something like `Vec<Vec<i32>>`, but this doesn't work very well either: "
|
|
"it's hard to convert from `Vec<Vec<i32>>` to `&[&[i32]]` so now you cannot easily use "
|
|
"`pretty_print` either."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Sie können versuchen, so etwas wie `Vec<Vec<i32>>` zu verwenden, aber das funktioniert auch nicht "
|
|
"sehr gut: Es ist schwierig, `Vec<Vec<i32>>` in `&[&[i32]] umzuwandeln. ` also kannst du jetzt auch "
|
|
"`pretty_print` nicht einfach verwenden."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/solutions-morning.md:84
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In addition, the type itself would not enforce that the child slices are of the same length, so "
|
|
"such variable could contain an invalid matrix."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Außerdem würde der Typ selbst nicht erzwingen, dass die untergeordneten Slices dieselbe Länge "
|
|
"haben, sodass eine solche Variable eine ungültige Matrix enthalten könnte."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/solutions-afternoon.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Day 1 Afternoon Exercises"
|
|
msgstr "# Tag 1 Nachmittagsübungen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/solutions-afternoon.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "## Designing a Library"
|
|
msgstr "## Entwerfen einer Bibliothek"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/solutions-afternoon.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "([back to exercise](book-library.md))"
|
|
msgstr "([zurück zur Übung](book-library.md))"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/solutions-afternoon.md:22
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// ANCHOR: setup\n"
|
|
"struct Library {\n"
|
|
" books: Vec<Book>,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// ANKER: einrichten\n"
|
|
"Struktur Bibliothek {\n"
|
|
" Bücher: Vec<Buch>,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/solutions-afternoon.md:42
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// This makes it possible to print Book values with {}.\n"
|
|
"impl std::fmt::Display for Book {\n"
|
|
" fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {\n"
|
|
" write!(f, \"{} ({})\", self.title, self.year)\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"// ANCHOR_END: setup"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// Dadurch ist es möglich, Buchwerte mit {} zu drucken.\n"
|
|
"impl std::fmt::Anzeige für Buch {\n"
|
|
" fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {\n"
|
|
" schreibe!(f, \"{} ({})\", self.title, self.year)\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"// ANCHOR_END: Einrichtung"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/solutions-afternoon.md:50
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// ANCHOR: Library_new\n"
|
|
"impl Library {\n"
|
|
" fn new() -> Library {\n"
|
|
" // ANCHOR_END: Library_new\n"
|
|
" Library { books: Vec::new() }\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// ANKER: Bibliothek_neu\n"
|
|
"impl-Bibliothek {\n"
|
|
" fn new() -> Bibliothek {\n"
|
|
" // ANCHOR_END: Bibliothek_neu\n"
|
|
" Bibliothek { Bücher: Vec::new() }\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/solutions-afternoon.md:57
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" // ANCHOR: Library_len\n"
|
|
" //fn len(self) -> usize {\n"
|
|
" // unimplemented!()\n"
|
|
" //}\n"
|
|
" // ANCHOR_END: Library_len\n"
|
|
" fn len(&self) -> usize {\n"
|
|
" self.books.len()\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" // ANKER: Library_len\n"
|
|
" //fn len(self) -> verwenden {\n"
|
|
" // nicht implementiert!()\n"
|
|
" //}\n"
|
|
" // ANCHOR_END: Library_len\n"
|
|
" fn len(&self) -> verwenden {\n"
|
|
" self.books.len()\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/solutions-afternoon.md:66
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" // ANCHOR: Library_is_empty\n"
|
|
" //fn is_empty(self) -> bool {\n"
|
|
" // unimplemented!()\n"
|
|
" //}\n"
|
|
" // ANCHOR_END: Library_is_empty\n"
|
|
" fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {\n"
|
|
" self.books.is_empty()\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" // ANKER: Bibliothek_ist_leer\n"
|
|
" //fn is_empty(self) -> bool {\n"
|
|
" // nicht implementiert!()\n"
|
|
" //}\n"
|
|
" // ANCHOR_END: Bibliothek_ist_leer\n"
|
|
" fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {\n"
|
|
" self.books.is_empty()\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/solutions-afternoon.md:75
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" // ANCHOR: Library_add_book\n"
|
|
" //fn add_book(self, book: Book) {\n"
|
|
" // unimplemented!()\n"
|
|
" //}\n"
|
|
" // ANCHOR_END: Library_add_book\n"
|
|
" fn add_book(&mut self, book: Book) {\n"
|
|
" self.books.push(book)\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" // ANKER: Library_add_book\n"
|
|
" //fn add_book(selbst, Buch: Buch) {\n"
|
|
" // nicht implementiert!()\n"
|
|
" //}\n"
|
|
" // ANCHOR_END: Library_add_book\n"
|
|
" fn add_book(&mut self, book: Buch) {\n"
|
|
" self.books.push(Buch)\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/solutions-afternoon.md:84
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" // ANCHOR: Library_print_books\n"
|
|
" //fn print_books(self) {\n"
|
|
" // unimplemented!()\n"
|
|
" //}\n"
|
|
" // ANCHOR_END: Library_print_books\n"
|
|
" fn print_books(&self) {\n"
|
|
" for book in &self.books {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{}\", book);\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/solutions-afternoon.md:95
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" // ANCHOR: Library_oldest_book\n"
|
|
" //fn oldest_book(self) -> Option<&Book> {\n"
|
|
" // unimplemented!()\n"
|
|
" //}\n"
|
|
" // ANCHOR_END: Library_oldest_book\n"
|
|
" fn oldest_book(&self) -> Option<&Book> {\n"
|
|
" self.books.iter().min_by_key(|book| book.year)\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" // ANKER: Library_oldest_book\n"
|
|
" //fn ältestes_buch(selbst) -> Option<&Buch> {\n"
|
|
" // nicht implementiert!()\n"
|
|
" //}\n"
|
|
" // ANCHOR_END: Bibliothek_ältestes_Buch\n"
|
|
" fn ältestes_buch(&self) -> Option<&Buch> {\n"
|
|
" self.books.iter().min_by_key(|Buch| Buch.Jahr)\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/solutions-afternoon.md:105
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// ANCHOR: main\n"
|
|
"// This shows the desired behavior. Uncomment the code below and\n"
|
|
"// implement the missing methods. You will need to update the\n"
|
|
"// method signatures, including the \"self\" parameter! You may\n"
|
|
"// also need to update the variable bindings within main.\n"
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let library = Library::new();"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/solutions-afternoon.md:113
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" //println!(\"Our library is empty: {}\", library.is_empty());\n"
|
|
" //\n"
|
|
" //library.add_book(Book::new(\"Lord of the Rings\", 1954));\n"
|
|
" //library.add_book(Book::new(\"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland\", 1865));\n"
|
|
" //\n"
|
|
" //library.print_books();\n"
|
|
" //\n"
|
|
" //match library.oldest_book() {\n"
|
|
" // Some(book) => println!(\"My oldest book is {book}\"),\n"
|
|
" // None => println!(\"My library is empty!\"),\n"
|
|
" //}\n"
|
|
" //\n"
|
|
" //println!(\"Our library has {} books\", library.len());\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"// ANCHOR_END: main"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/solutions-afternoon.md:129
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"#[test]\n"
|
|
"fn test_library_len() {\n"
|
|
" let mut library = Library::new();\n"
|
|
" assert_eq!(library.len(), 0);\n"
|
|
" assert!(library.is_empty());"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/solutions-afternoon.md:135
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" library.add_book(Book::new(\"Lord of the Rings\", 1954));\n"
|
|
" library.add_book(Book::new(\"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland\", 1865));\n"
|
|
" assert_eq!(library.len(), 2);\n"
|
|
" assert!(!library.is_empty());\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/solutions-afternoon.md:141
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"#[test]\n"
|
|
"fn test_library_is_empty() {\n"
|
|
" let mut library = Library::new();\n"
|
|
" assert!(library.is_empty());"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/solutions-afternoon.md:146
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" library.add_book(Book::new(\"Lord of the Rings\", 1954));\n"
|
|
" assert!(!library.is_empty());\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/solutions-afternoon.md:150
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"#[test]\n"
|
|
"fn test_library_print_books() {\n"
|
|
" let mut library = Library::new();\n"
|
|
" library.add_book(Book::new(\"Lord of the Rings\", 1954));\n"
|
|
" library.add_book(Book::new(\"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland\", 1865));\n"
|
|
" // We could try and capture stdout, but let us just call the\n"
|
|
" // method to start with.\n"
|
|
" library.print_books();\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/solutions-afternoon.md:160
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"#[test]\n"
|
|
"fn test_library_oldest_book() {\n"
|
|
" let mut library = Library::new();\n"
|
|
" assert!(library.oldest_book().is_none());"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/solutions-afternoon.md:165
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" library.add_book(Book::new(\"Lord of the Rings\", 1954));\n"
|
|
" assert_eq!(\n"
|
|
" library.oldest_book().map(|b| b.title.as_str()),\n"
|
|
" Some(\"Lord of the Rings\")\n"
|
|
" );"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-1/solutions-afternoon.md:171
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" library.add_book(Book::new(\"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland\", 1865));\n"
|
|
" assert_eq!(\n"
|
|
" library.oldest_book().map(|b| b.title.as_str()),\n"
|
|
" Some(\"Alice's Adventures in Wonderland\")\n"
|
|
" );\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Day 2 Morning Exercises"
|
|
msgstr "# Tag 2 Morgengymnastik"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "## Points and Polygons"
|
|
msgstr "## Punkte und Polygone"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "([back to exercise](points-polygons.md))"
|
|
msgstr "([zurück zur Übung](points-polygons.md))"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:22
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]\n"
|
|
"// ANCHOR: Point\n"
|
|
"pub struct Point {\n"
|
|
" // ANCHOR_END: Point\n"
|
|
" x: i32,\n"
|
|
" y: i32,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"#[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]\n"
|
|
"// Ankerpunkt\n"
|
|
"pub struct Punkt {\n"
|
|
" // ANCHOR_END: Punkt\n"
|
|
" x: i32,\n"
|
|
" y: i32,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:30
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// ANCHOR: Point-impl\n"
|
|
"impl Point {\n"
|
|
" // ANCHOR_END: Point-impl\n"
|
|
" pub fn new(x: i32, y: i32) -> Point {\n"
|
|
" Point { x, y }\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// ANCHOR: Punkt-impl\n"
|
|
"impl Punkt {\n"
|
|
" // ANCHOR_END: Punkt-impl\n"
|
|
" pub fn neu(x: i32, y: i32) -> Punkt {\n"
|
|
" Punkt { x, y }\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:37
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" pub fn magnitude(self) -> f64 {\n"
|
|
" f64::from(self.x.pow(2) + self.y.pow(2)).sqrt()\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" Pub fn Magnitude (selbst) -> f64 {\n"
|
|
" f64::from(self.x.pow(2) + self.y.pow(2)).sqrt()\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:41
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" pub fn dist(self, other: Point) -> f64 {\n"
|
|
" (self - other).magnitude()\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" pub fn dist(self, other: Point) -> f64 {\n"
|
|
" (selbst - andere).magnitude()\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:49
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" fn add(self, other: Self) -> Self::Output {\n"
|
|
" Self {\n"
|
|
" x: self.x + other.x,\n"
|
|
" y: self.y + other.y,\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" fn add(self, other: Self) -> Self::Output {\n"
|
|
" Selbst {\n"
|
|
" x: selbst.x + andere.x,\n"
|
|
" y: self.y + other.y,\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:57
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"impl std::ops::Sub for Point {\n"
|
|
" type Output = Self;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:60
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" fn sub(self, other: Self) -> Self::Output {\n"
|
|
" Self {\n"
|
|
" x: self.x - other.x,\n"
|
|
" y: self.y - other.y,\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" fn sub(self, other: Self) -> Self::Output {\n"
|
|
" Selbst {\n"
|
|
" x: self.x - other.x,\n"
|
|
" y: self.y - other.y,\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:68
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// ANCHOR: Polygon\n"
|
|
"pub struct Polygon {\n"
|
|
" // ANCHOR_END: Polygon\n"
|
|
" points: Vec<Point>,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// ANKER: Vieleck\n"
|
|
"pub struct Polygon {\n"
|
|
" // ANCHOR_END: Vieleck\n"
|
|
" Punkte: Vec<Punkt>,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:74
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// ANCHOR: Polygon-impl\n"
|
|
"impl Polygon {\n"
|
|
" // ANCHOR_END: Polygon-impl\n"
|
|
" pub fn new() -> Polygon {\n"
|
|
" Polygon { points: Vec::new() }\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// ANCHOR: Polygon-Impl\n"
|
|
"impl Polygon {\n"
|
|
" // ANCHOR_END: Polygon-Impl\n"
|
|
" pub fn new() -> Polygon {\n"
|
|
" Vieleck { Punkte: Vec::new() }\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:81
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" pub fn add_point(&mut self, point: Point) {\n"
|
|
" self.points.push(point);\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:85
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" pub fn left_most_point(&self) -> Option<Point> {\n"
|
|
" self.points.iter().min_by_key(|p| p.x).copied()\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" pub fn left_most_point(&self) -> Option<Punkt> {\n"
|
|
" self.points.iter().min_by_key(|p| p.x).kopiert()\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:89
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" pub fn iter(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Point> {\n"
|
|
" self.points.iter()\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" pub fn iter(&self) -> impl Iterator<Item = &Point> {\n"
|
|
" self.points.iter()\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:93
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" pub fn length(&self) -> f64 {\n"
|
|
" if self.points.is_empty() {\n"
|
|
" return 0.0;\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:98
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" let mut result = 0.0;\n"
|
|
" let mut last_point = self.points[0];\n"
|
|
" for point in &self.points[1..] {\n"
|
|
" result += last_point.dist(*point);\n"
|
|
" last_point = *point;\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" result += last_point.dist(self.points[0]);\n"
|
|
" result\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:109
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// ANCHOR: Circle\n"
|
|
"pub struct Circle {\n"
|
|
" // ANCHOR_END: Circle\n"
|
|
" center: Point,\n"
|
|
" radius: i32,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// ANKER: Kreis\n"
|
|
"pub struct Kreis {\n"
|
|
" // ANCHOR_END: Kreis\n"
|
|
" Mittelpunkt,\n"
|
|
" Radius: i32,\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:116
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// ANCHOR: Circle-impl\n"
|
|
"impl Circle {\n"
|
|
" // ANCHOR_END: Circle-impl\n"
|
|
" pub fn new(center: Point, radius: i32) -> Circle {\n"
|
|
" Circle { center, radius }\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// ANCHOR: Kreis-Impl\n"
|
|
"impl Kreis {\n"
|
|
" // ANCHOR_END: Kreis-Impl\n"
|
|
" pub fn neu (Zentrum: Punkt, Radius: i32) -> Kreis {\n"
|
|
" Kreis { Mittelpunkt, Radius }\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:123
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" pub fn circumference(&self) -> f64 {\n"
|
|
" 2.0 * std::f64::consts::PI * f64::from(self.radius)\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" pub fn Umfang(&self) -> f64 {\n"
|
|
" 2.0 * std::f64::consts::PI * f64::from(self.radius)\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:127
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" pub fn dist(&self, other: &Self) -> f64 {\n"
|
|
" self.center.dist(other.center)\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" pub fn dist(&selbst, andere: &selbst) -> f64 {\n"
|
|
" self.center.dist(anderes.center)\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:132
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// ANCHOR: Shape\n"
|
|
"pub enum Shape {\n"
|
|
" Polygon(Polygon),\n"
|
|
" Circle(Circle),\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"// ANCHOR_END: Shape"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// ANKER: Form\n"
|
|
"Pub-Aufzählung Form {\n"
|
|
" Vieleck(Vieleck),\n"
|
|
" Kreis (Kreis),\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"// ANCHOR_END: Form"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:139
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"impl From<Polygon> for Shape {\n"
|
|
" fn from(poly: Polygon) -> Self {\n"
|
|
" Shape::Polygon(poly)\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"impl From<Polygon> für Form {\n"
|
|
" fn from(poly: Polygon) -> Self {\n"
|
|
" Form::Polygon (poly)\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:145
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"impl From<Circle> for Shape {\n"
|
|
" fn from(circle: Circle) -> Self {\n"
|
|
" Shape::Circle(circle)\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"impl Von<Kreis> für Form {\n"
|
|
" fn from(Kreis: Kreis) -> Selbst {\n"
|
|
" Form :: Kreis (Kreis)\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:151
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"impl Shape {\n"
|
|
" pub fn perimeter(&self) -> f64 {\n"
|
|
" match self {\n"
|
|
" Shape::Polygon(poly) => poly.length(),\n"
|
|
" Shape::Circle(circle) => circle.circumference(),\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Impl-Form {\n"
|
|
" pub fn perimeter(&self) -> f64 {\n"
|
|
" mit sich selbst übereinstimmen {\n"
|
|
" Shape::Polygon(poly) => poly.length(),\n"
|
|
" Form::Kreis(Kreis) => Kreis.Umfang(),\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:160
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// ANCHOR: unit-tests\n"
|
|
"#[cfg(test)]\n"
|
|
"mod tests {\n"
|
|
" use super::*;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-morning.md:213
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" #[test]\n"
|
|
" fn test_shape_perimeters() {\n"
|
|
" let mut poly = Polygon::new();\n"
|
|
" poly.add_point(Point::new(12, 13));\n"
|
|
" poly.add_point(Point::new(17, 11));\n"
|
|
" poly.add_point(Point::new(16, 16));\n"
|
|
" let shapes = vec![\n"
|
|
" Shape::from(poly),\n"
|
|
" Shape::from(Circle::new(Point::new(10, 20), 5)),\n"
|
|
" ];\n"
|
|
" let perimeters = shapes\n"
|
|
" .iter()\n"
|
|
" .map(Shape::perimeter)\n"
|
|
" .map(round_two_digits)\n"
|
|
" .collect::<Vec<_>>();\n"
|
|
" assert_eq!(perimeters, vec![15.48, 31.42]);\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"// ANCHOR_END: unit-tests"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-afternoon.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Day 2 Afternoon Exercises"
|
|
msgstr "# Tag 2 Nachmittagsübungen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-afternoon.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "## Luhn Algorithm"
|
|
msgstr "## Luhn-Algorithmus"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-afternoon.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "([back to exercise](luhn.md))"
|
|
msgstr "([zurück zur Übung](luhn.md))"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-afternoon.md:22
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// ANCHOR: luhn\n"
|
|
"pub fn luhn(cc_number: &str) -> bool {\n"
|
|
" // ANCHOR_END: luhn\n"
|
|
" let mut digits_seen = 0;\n"
|
|
" let mut sum = 0;\n"
|
|
" for (i, ch) in cc_number.chars().rev().filter(|&ch| ch != ' ').enumerate() {\n"
|
|
" match ch.to_digit(10) {\n"
|
|
" Some(d) => {\n"
|
|
" sum += if i % 2 == 1 {\n"
|
|
" let dd = d * 2;\n"
|
|
" dd / 10 + dd % 10\n"
|
|
" } else {\n"
|
|
" d\n"
|
|
" };\n"
|
|
" digits_seen += 1;\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" None => return false,\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-afternoon.md:42
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" if digits_seen < 2 {\n"
|
|
" return false;\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-afternoon.md:46
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" sum % 10 == 0\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" Summe % 10 == 0\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-afternoon.md:49
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" let cc_number = \"1234 5678 1234 5670\";\n"
|
|
" println!(\n"
|
|
" \"Is {} a valid credit card number? {}\",\n"
|
|
" cc_number,\n"
|
|
" if luhn(cc_number) { \"yes\" } else { \"no\" }\n"
|
|
" );\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-afternoon.md:58
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// ANCHOR: unit-tests\n"
|
|
"#[test]\n"
|
|
"fn test_non_digit_cc_number() {\n"
|
|
" assert!(!luhn(\"foo\"));\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-afternoon.md:89
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"#[test]\n"
|
|
"fn test_invalid_cc_number() {\n"
|
|
" assert!(!luhn(\"4223 9826 4026 9299\"));\n"
|
|
" assert!(!luhn(\"4539 3195 0343 6476\"));\n"
|
|
" assert!(!luhn(\"8273 1232 7352 0569\"));\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"// ANCHOR_END: unit-tests\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-afternoon.md:98
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "## Strings and Iterators"
|
|
msgstr "## Strings und Iteratoren"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-afternoon.md:100
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "([back to exercise](strings-iterators.md))"
|
|
msgstr "([zurück zur Übung](strings-iterators.md))"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-afternoon.md:117
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// ANCHOR: prefix_matches\n"
|
|
"pub fn prefix_matches(prefix: &str, request_path: &str) -> bool {\n"
|
|
" // ANCHOR_END: prefix_matches\n"
|
|
" let prefixes = prefix.split('/');\n"
|
|
" let request_paths = request_path\n"
|
|
" .split('/')\n"
|
|
" .map(|p| Some(p))\n"
|
|
" .chain(std::iter::once(None));"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-afternoon.md:126
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" for (prefix, request_path) in prefixes.zip(request_paths) {\n"
|
|
" match request_path {\n"
|
|
" Some(request_path) => {\n"
|
|
" if (prefix != \"*\") && (prefix != request_path) {\n"
|
|
" return false;\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" None => return false,\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" true\n"
|
|
"}"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-afternoon.md:139
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// ANCHOR: unit-tests\n"
|
|
"#[test]\n"
|
|
"fn test_matches_without_wildcard() {\n"
|
|
" assert!(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers\"));\n"
|
|
" assert!(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers/abc-123\"));\n"
|
|
" assert!(prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers\", \"/v1/publishers/abc/books\"));"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-2/solutions-afternoon.md:166
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" assert!(!prefix_matches(\"/v1/publishers/*/books\", \"/v1/publishers\"));\n"
|
|
" assert!(!prefix_matches(\n"
|
|
" \"/v1/publishers/*/books\",\n"
|
|
" \"/v1/publishers/foo/booksByAuthor\"\n"
|
|
" ));\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"// ANCHOR_END: unit-tests\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/solutions-morning.md:1
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Day 3 Morning Exercise"
|
|
msgstr "# Tag 3 Morgengymnastik"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/solutions-morning.md:3
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "## A Simple GUI Library"
|
|
msgstr "## Eine einfache GUI-Bibliothek"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/solutions-morning.md:5
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "([back to exercise](simple-gui.md))"
|
|
msgstr "([zurück zur Übung](simple-gui.md))"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/solutions-morning.md:22
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// ANCHOR: setup\n"
|
|
"pub trait Widget {\n"
|
|
" /// Natural width of `self`.\n"
|
|
" fn width(&self) -> usize;"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-3/solutions-morning.md:82
|
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#, fuzzy
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msgid "// ANCHOR_END: setup"
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msgstr "// ANCHOR_END: Einrichtung"
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#: src/exercises/day-3/solutions-morning.md:84
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#, fuzzy
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msgid ""
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"// ANCHOR: Window-width\n"
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"impl Widget for Window {\n"
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" fn width(&self) -> usize {\n"
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" // ANCHOR_END: Window-width\n"
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" std::cmp::max(\n"
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" self.title.chars().count(),\n"
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" self.widgets.iter().map(|w| w.width()).max().unwrap_or(0),\n"
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" )\n"
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" }"
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msgstr ""
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"// ANCHOR: Fensterbreite\n"
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"impl-Widget für Fenster {\n"
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" fn width(&self) -> use {\n"
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" // ANCHOR_END: Fensterbreite\n"
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" std::cmp::max(\n"
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" self.title.chars().count(),\n"
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" self.widgets.iter().map(|w| w.width()).max().unwrap_or(0),\n"
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" )\n"
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" }"
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#: src/exercises/day-3/solutions-morning.md:94
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msgid ""
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" // ANCHOR: Window-draw_into\n"
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" fn draw_into(&self, buffer: &mut dyn std::fmt::Write) {\n"
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" // ANCHOR_END: Window-draw_into\n"
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" let mut inner = String::new();\n"
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" for widget in &self.widgets {\n"
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" widget.draw_into(&mut inner);\n"
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" }"
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msgstr ""
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#: src/exercises/day-3/solutions-morning.md:102
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msgid " let window_width = self.width();"
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msgstr ""
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#: src/exercises/day-3/solutions-morning.md:104
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msgid ""
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" // TODO: after learning about error handling, you can change\n"
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" // draw_into to return Result<(), std::fmt::Error>. Then use\n"
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" // the ?-operator here instead of .unwrap().\n"
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" writeln!(buffer, \"+-{:-<window_width$}-+\", \"\").unwrap();\n"
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" writeln!(buffer, \"| {:^window_width$} |\", &self.title).unwrap();\n"
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" writeln!(buffer, \"+={:=<window_width$}=+\", \"\").unwrap();\n"
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" for line in inner.lines() {\n"
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" writeln!(buffer, \"| {:window_width$} |\", line).unwrap();\n"
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" }\n"
|
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" writeln!(buffer, \"+-{:-<window_width$}-+\", \"\").unwrap();\n"
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" }\n"
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"}"
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msgstr ""
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#: src/exercises/day-3/solutions-morning.md:117
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#, fuzzy
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msgid ""
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"// ANCHOR: Button-width\n"
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"impl Widget for Button {\n"
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" fn width(&self) -> usize {\n"
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" // ANCHOR_END: Button-width\n"
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" self.label.width() + 8 // add a bit of padding\n"
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" }"
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msgstr ""
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"// ANCHOR: Button-Breite\n"
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"impl-Widget für Schaltfläche {\n"
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" fn width(&self) -> use {\n"
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" // ANCHOR_END: Button-Breite\n"
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" self.label.width() + 8 // etwas Polsterung hinzufügen\n"
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" }"
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#: src/exercises/day-3/solutions-morning.md:124
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msgid ""
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" // ANCHOR: Button-draw_into\n"
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" fn draw_into(&self, buffer: &mut dyn std::fmt::Write) {\n"
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" // ANCHOR_END: Button-draw_into\n"
|
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" let width = self.width();\n"
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" let mut label = String::new();\n"
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" self.label.draw_into(&mut label);"
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msgstr ""
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#: src/exercises/day-3/solutions-morning.md:131
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msgid ""
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" writeln!(buffer, \"+{:-<width$}+\", \"\").unwrap();\n"
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" for line in label.lines() {\n"
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" writeln!(buffer, \"|{:^width$}|\", &line).unwrap();\n"
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|
" }\n"
|
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" writeln!(buffer, \"+{:-<width$}+\", \"\").unwrap();\n"
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" }\n"
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"}"
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msgstr ""
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#: src/exercises/day-3/solutions-morning.md:139
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#, fuzzy
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msgid ""
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"// ANCHOR: Label-width\n"
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"impl Widget for Label {\n"
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" fn width(&self) -> usize {\n"
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" // ANCHOR_END: Label-width\n"
|
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" self.label\n"
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" .lines()\n"
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" .map(|line| line.chars().count())\n"
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" .max()\n"
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" .unwrap_or(0)\n"
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" }"
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msgstr ""
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"// ANCHOR: Etikettenbreite\n"
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"impl-Widget für Label {\n"
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" fn width(&self) -> use {\n"
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" // ANCHOR_END: Etikettenbreite\n"
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" self.label\n"
|
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" .Linien()\n"
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" .map(|line| line.chars().count())\n"
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" .max()\n"
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" .unwrap_or(0)\n"
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" }"
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#: src/exercises/day-3/solutions-morning.md:150
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msgid ""
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" // ANCHOR: Label-draw_into\n"
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" fn draw_into(&self, buffer: &mut dyn std::fmt::Write) {\n"
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" // ANCHOR_END: Label-draw_into\n"
|
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" writeln!(buffer, \"{}\", &self.label).unwrap();\n"
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" }\n"
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"}"
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msgstr ""
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#: src/exercises/day-3/solutions-morning.md:157
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msgid ""
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"// ANCHOR: main\n"
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"fn main() {\n"
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" let mut window = Window::new(\"Rust GUI Demo 1.23\");\n"
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" window.add_widget(Box::new(Label::new(\"This is a small text GUI demo.\")));\n"
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" window.add_widget(Box::new(Button::new(\n"
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" \"Click me!\",\n"
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" Box::new(|| println!(\"You clicked the button!\")),\n"
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" )));\n"
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" window.draw();\n"
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"}\n"
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"// ANCHOR_END: main\n"
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"```"
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msgstr ""
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#: src/exercises/day-3/solutions-afternoon.md:1
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#, fuzzy
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msgid "# Day 3 Afternoon Exercises"
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msgstr "# Tag 3 Nachmittagsübungen"
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#: src/exercises/day-3/solutions-afternoon.md:3
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#, fuzzy
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msgid "## Safe FFI Wrapper"
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msgstr "## Sicherer FFI-Wrapper"
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#: src/exercises/day-3/solutions-afternoon.md:5
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#, fuzzy
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msgid "([back to exercise](safe-ffi-wrapper.md))"
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msgstr "([zurück zur Übung](safe-ffi-wrapper.md))"
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#: src/exercises/day-3/solutions-afternoon.md:22
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msgid ""
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"// ANCHOR: ffi\n"
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"mod ffi {\n"
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" use std::os::raw::{c_char, c_int, c_long, c_ulong, c_ushort};"
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msgstr ""
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#: src/exercises/day-3/solutions-afternoon.md:53
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#, fuzzy
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msgid ""
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"#[derive(Debug)]\n"
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"struct DirectoryIterator {\n"
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" path: CString,\n"
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" dir: *mut ffi::DIR,\n"
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"}\n"
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"// ANCHOR_END: ffi"
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msgstr ""
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"#[ableiten(Debuggen)]\n"
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"struct DirectoryIterator {\n"
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" Pfad: CString,\n"
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" dir: *mut ffi::DIR,\n"
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"}\n"
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"// ANCHOR_END: ffi"
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#: src/exercises/day-3/solutions-afternoon.md:60
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msgid ""
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"// ANCHOR: DirectoryIterator\n"
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"impl DirectoryIterator {\n"
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" fn new(path: &str) -> Result<DirectoryIterator, String> {\n"
|
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" // Call opendir and return a Ok value if that worked,\n"
|
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" // otherwise return Err with a message.\n"
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" // ANCHOR_END: DirectoryIterator\n"
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" let path = CString::new(path).map_err(|err| format!(\"Invalid path: {err}\"))?;\n"
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" // SAFETY: path.as_ptr() cannot be NULL.\n"
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" let dir = unsafe { ffi::opendir(path.as_ptr()) };\n"
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" if dir.is_null() {\n"
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" Err(format!(\"Could not open {:?}\", path))\n"
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" } else {\n"
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" Ok(DirectoryIterator { path, dir })\n"
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" }\n"
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" }\n"
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"}"
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msgstr ""
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#: src/exercises/day-3/solutions-afternoon.md:77
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msgid ""
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"// ANCHOR: Iterator\n"
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"impl Iterator for DirectoryIterator {\n"
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" type Item = OsString;\n"
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" fn next(&mut self) -> Option<OsString> {\n"
|
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" // Keep calling readdir until we get a NULL pointer back.\n"
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" // ANCHOR_END: Iterator\n"
|
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" // SAFETY: self.dir is never NULL.\n"
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" let dirent = unsafe { ffi::readdir(self.dir) };\n"
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" if dirent.is_null() {\n"
|
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" // We have reached the end of the directory.\n"
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|
" return None;\n"
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" }\n"
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" // SAFETY: dirent is not NULL and dirent.d_name is NUL\n"
|
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" // terminated.\n"
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" let d_name = unsafe { CStr::from_ptr((*dirent).d_name.as_ptr()) };\n"
|
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" let os_str = OsStr::from_bytes(d_name.to_bytes());\n"
|
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" Some(os_str.to_owned())\n"
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" }\n"
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"}"
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msgstr ""
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#: src/exercises/day-3/solutions-afternoon.md:97
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msgid ""
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"// ANCHOR: Drop\n"
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"impl Drop for DirectoryIterator {\n"
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" fn drop(&mut self) {\n"
|
|
" // Call closedir as needed.\n"
|
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" // ANCHOR_END: Drop\n"
|
|
" if !self.dir.is_null() {\n"
|
|
" // SAFETY: self.dir is not NULL.\n"
|
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" if unsafe { ffi::closedir(self.dir) } != 0 {\n"
|
|
" panic!(\"Could not close {:?}\", self.path);\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
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" }\n"
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"}"
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msgstr ""
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#: src/exercises/day-3/solutions-afternoon.md:111
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msgid ""
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|
"// ANCHOR: main\n"
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"fn main() -> Result<(), String> {\n"
|
|
" let iter = DirectoryIterator::new(\".\")?;\n"
|
|
" println!(\"files: {:#?}\", iter.collect::<Vec<_>>());\n"
|
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" Ok(())\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
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"// ANCHOR_END: main\n"
|
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"```"
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msgstr ""
|
|
|
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#: src/exercises/day-4/solutions-morning.md:1
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#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "# Day 4 Morning Exercise"
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msgstr "# Tag 4 Morgengymnastik"
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#: src/exercises/day-4/solutions-morning.md:3
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#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "## Dining Philosophers"
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msgstr "## Essende Philosophen"
|
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|
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#: src/exercises/day-4/solutions-morning.md:5
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#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "([back to exercise](dining-philosophers.md))"
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msgstr "([zurück zur Übung](dining-philosophers.md))"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/solutions-morning.md:22
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msgid ""
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|
"// ANCHOR: Philosopher\n"
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|
"use std::sync::mpsc;\n"
|
|
"use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};\n"
|
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"use std::thread;\n"
|
|
"use std::time::Duration;"
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msgstr ""
|
|
|
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#: src/exercises/day-4/solutions-morning.md:30
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#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
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|
"struct Philosopher {\n"
|
|
" name: String,\n"
|
|
" // ANCHOR_END: Philosopher\n"
|
|
" left_fork: Arc<Mutex<Fork>>,\n"
|
|
" right_fork: Arc<Mutex<Fork>>,\n"
|
|
" thoughts: mpsc::SyncSender<String>,\n"
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"}"
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msgstr ""
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"struct Philosoph {\n"
|
|
" Name: Zeichenfolge,\n"
|
|
" // ANCHOR_END: Philosoph\n"
|
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" left_fork: Arc<Mutex<Fork>>,\n"
|
|
" right_fork: Arc<Mutex<Fork>>,\n"
|
|
" Gedanken: mpsc::SyncSender<String>,\n"
|
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"}"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/solutions-morning.md:38
|
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msgid ""
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|
"// ANCHOR: Philosopher-think\n"
|
|
"impl Philosopher {\n"
|
|
" fn think(&self) {\n"
|
|
" self.thoughts\n"
|
|
" .send(format!(\"Eureka! {} has a new idea!\", &self.name))\n"
|
|
" .unwrap();\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
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" // ANCHOR_END: Philosopher-think"
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msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/solutions-morning.md:47
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" // ANCHOR: Philosopher-eat\n"
|
|
" fn eat(&self) {\n"
|
|
" // ANCHOR_END: Philosopher-eat\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{} is trying to eat\", &self.name);\n"
|
|
" let left = self.left_fork.lock().unwrap();\n"
|
|
" let right = self.right_fork.lock().unwrap();"
|
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msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/solutions-morning.md:54
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" // ANCHOR: Philosopher-eat-end\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{} is eating...\", &self.name);\n"
|
|
" thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(10));\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}"
|
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msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/solutions-morning.md:63
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"fn main() {\n"
|
|
" // ANCHOR_END: Philosopher-eat-end\n"
|
|
" let (tx, rx) = mpsc::sync_channel(10);"
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msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/solutions-morning.md:67
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" let forks = (0..PHILOSOPHERS.len())\n"
|
|
" .map(|_| Arc::new(Mutex::new(Fork)))\n"
|
|
" .collect::<Vec<_>>();"
|
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msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/solutions-morning.md:71
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" for i in 0..forks.len() {\n"
|
|
" let tx = tx.clone();\n"
|
|
" let mut left_fork = forks[i].clone();\n"
|
|
" let mut right_fork = forks[(i + 1) % forks.len()].clone();"
|
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msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/solutions-morning.md:76
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" // To avoid a deadlock, we have to break the symmetry\n"
|
|
" // somewhere. This will swap the forks without deinitializing\n"
|
|
" // either of them.\n"
|
|
" if i == forks.len() - 1 {\n"
|
|
" std::mem::swap(&mut left_fork, &mut right_fork);\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/solutions-morning.md:83
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" let philosopher = Philosopher {\n"
|
|
" name: PHILOSOPHERS[i].to_string(),\n"
|
|
" thoughts: tx,\n"
|
|
" left_fork,\n"
|
|
" right_fork,\n"
|
|
" };"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/solutions-morning.md:90
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" thread::spawn(move || {\n"
|
|
" for _ in 0..100 {\n"
|
|
" philosopher.eat();\n"
|
|
" philosopher.think();\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
" });\n"
|
|
" }"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/day-4/solutions-morning.md:98
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
" drop(tx);\n"
|
|
" for thought in rx {\n"
|
|
" println!(\"{}\", thought);\n"
|
|
" }\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|