mirror of
https://github.com/google/comprehensive-rust.git
synced 2024-11-25 01:16:12 +02:00
620b8a3b72
I made a small mistake during the refactor in #1492: I removed the `MDBOOK_BOOK__LANGUAGE` environment variable, which means that we ended up testing the original Rust code snippets again and again. This commit also fixes the few typos that have sneaked into the translations due to the lack of testing.
28717 lines
1.0 MiB
28717 lines
1.0 MiB
msgid ""
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Project-Id-Version: Comprehensive Rust 🦀\n"
|
|
"POT-Creation-Date: 2024-01-25T15:03:24-08:00\n"
|
|
"PO-Revision-Date: \n"
|
|
"Last-Translator: \n"
|
|
"Language-Team: \n"
|
|
"Language: es\n"
|
|
"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
|
|
"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
|
|
"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
|
|
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=1; plural=0;\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/index.md
|
|
msgid "Welcome to Comprehensive Rust 🦀"
|
|
msgstr "Te damos la bienvenida a Comprehensive Rust 🦀"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course.md
|
|
msgid "Running the Course"
|
|
msgstr "Desarrollo del curso"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "Course Structure"
|
|
msgstr "Estructura del curso"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md
|
|
msgid "Keyboard Shortcuts"
|
|
msgstr "Combinaciones de teclas"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/running-the-course/translations.md
|
|
msgid "Translations"
|
|
msgstr "Traducciones"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/cargo.md
|
|
msgid "Using Cargo"
|
|
msgstr "Usando Cargo"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Rust Ecosystem"
|
|
msgstr "Ecosistema Rust"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Code Samples"
|
|
msgstr "Ejemplos de Código"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Running Cargo Locally"
|
|
msgstr "Ejecutar Cargo a nivel local"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Day 1: Morning"
|
|
msgstr "Día 1: mañana"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Welcome"
|
|
msgstr "Te damos la bienvenida"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/hello-world.md src/hello-world/hello-world.md
|
|
msgid "Hello, World"
|
|
msgstr "Hola, Mundo"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
|
|
msgid "What is Rust?"
|
|
msgstr "¿Qué es Rust?"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/hello-world/benefits.md
|
|
msgid "Benefits of Rust"
|
|
msgstr "Ventajas de Rust"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/hello-world/playground.md
|
|
msgid "Playground"
|
|
msgstr "Playground"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values.md
|
|
msgid "Types and Values"
|
|
msgstr "Tipos y valores"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values/variables.md
|
|
msgid "Variables"
|
|
msgstr "Variables"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values/values.md
|
|
msgid "Values"
|
|
msgstr "Valores"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md
|
|
msgid "Arithmetic"
|
|
msgstr "Aritmética"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values/strings.md
|
|
msgid "Strings"
|
|
msgstr "Cadenas de texto (_Strings_)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values/inference.md
|
|
msgid "Type Inference"
|
|
msgstr "Inferencia de tipos"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "Exercise: Fibonacci"
|
|
msgstr "Ejercicio: Fibonacci"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/types-and-values/solution.md
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/solution.md src/tuples-and-arrays/solution.md
|
|
#: src/references/solution.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/solution.md src/methods-and-traits/solution.md
|
|
#: src/generics/solution.md src/std-types/solution.md
|
|
#: src/std-traits/solution.md src/memory-management/solution.md
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/solution.md src/borrowing/solution.md
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md src/iterators/solution.md
|
|
#: src/modules/solution.md src/testing/solution.md
|
|
#: src/error-handling/solution.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
|
|
msgid "Solution"
|
|
msgstr "Solución"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Control Flow Basics"
|
|
msgstr "Control de Flujo"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md
|
|
msgid "Conditionals"
|
|
msgstr "Condicionales"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/loops.md
|
|
msgid "Loops"
|
|
msgstr "Bucles `for`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md
|
|
msgid "`break` and `continue`"
|
|
msgstr "`break` y `continue`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md
|
|
msgid "Blocks and Scopes"
|
|
msgstr "Bloques y ámbitos"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/functions.md
|
|
msgid "Functions"
|
|
msgstr "Funciones"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/macros.md
|
|
msgid "Macros"
|
|
msgstr "Macros"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "Exercise: Collatz Sequence"
|
|
msgstr "Ejercicio: secuencia de Collatz"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Day 1: Afternoon"
|
|
msgstr "Día 1: Tarde"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/tuples-and-arrays.md
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md
|
|
msgid "Tuples and Arrays"
|
|
msgstr "Tuplas y arrays"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/tuples-and-arrays/iteration.md
|
|
msgid "Array Iteration"
|
|
msgstr "Iteración de Arreglos (_Arrays_)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md src/pattern-matching.md
|
|
msgid "Pattern Matching"
|
|
msgstr "Correspondencia de Patrones"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
|
|
msgid "Destructuring"
|
|
msgstr "Desestructuración"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "Exercise: Nested Arrays"
|
|
msgstr "Ejercicio: arrays anidados"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/references.md
|
|
msgid "References"
|
|
msgstr "Referencias"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/references/shared.md
|
|
msgid "Shared References"
|
|
msgstr "Enums compartidas"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/references/exclusive.md
|
|
msgid "Exclusive References"
|
|
msgstr "Referencias exclusivas"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/references/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "Exercise: Geometry"
|
|
msgstr "Ejercicio: geometría"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types.md
|
|
msgid "User-Defined Types"
|
|
msgstr "Tipos definidos por el usuario"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md
|
|
msgid "Named Structs"
|
|
msgstr "Estructuras con nombre"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md
|
|
msgid "Tuple Structs"
|
|
msgstr "Estructuras de tuplas"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types/enums.md
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
|
|
msgid "Enums"
|
|
msgstr "Enumeraciones"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md
|
|
msgid "Static and Const"
|
|
msgstr "Estático y Constantes (_Static y Const_)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types/aliases.md
|
|
msgid "Type Aliases"
|
|
msgstr "Alias de tipo"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/user-defined-types/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "Exercise: Elevator Events"
|
|
msgstr "Ejercicio: eventos de ascensor"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Day 2: Morning"
|
|
msgstr "Día 2: Mañana"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Let Control Flow"
|
|
msgstr "Control de Flujo"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/pattern-matching/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "Exercise: Expression Evaluation"
|
|
msgstr "Ejercicio: evaluación de expresiones"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/methods-and-traits.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Methods and Traits"
|
|
msgstr "Read y Write"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
|
|
msgid "Methods"
|
|
msgstr "Métodos"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/methods-and-traits/traits.md
|
|
msgid "Traits"
|
|
msgstr "Traits"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Deriving"
|
|
msgstr "Derivación de Traits"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md
|
|
msgid "Trait Objects"
|
|
msgstr "Objetos Trait"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "Exercise: Generic Logger"
|
|
msgstr "Ejercicio: registro genérico"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics.md
|
|
msgid "Generics"
|
|
msgstr "Genéricos"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics/generic-functions.md
|
|
msgid "Generic Functions"
|
|
msgstr "Funciones genéricas"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics/generic-data.md
|
|
msgid "Generic Data Types"
|
|
msgstr "Tipos de Datos Genéricos"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics/trait-bounds.md
|
|
msgid "Trait Bounds"
|
|
msgstr "Trait Bounds"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics/impl-trait.md
|
|
msgid "`impl Trait`"
|
|
msgstr "`impl Trait`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/generics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "Exercise: Generic `min`"
|
|
msgstr "Ejercicio: `min` genérico"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Day 2: Afternoon"
|
|
msgstr "Día 2: tarde"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-types.md
|
|
msgid "Standard Library Types"
|
|
msgstr "Tipos de la Biblioteca Estándar"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-types/std.md
|
|
msgid "Standard Library"
|
|
msgstr "Biblioteca estándar"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-types/docs.md
|
|
msgid "Documentation"
|
|
msgstr "Documentación"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "`Option`"
|
|
msgstr "`Option`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "`Result`"
|
|
msgstr "`Result`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
|
|
msgid "`String`"
|
|
msgstr "`String`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-types/vec.md
|
|
msgid "`Vec`"
|
|
msgstr "`Vec` (_Vectores_)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-types/hashmap.md src/bare-metal/no_std.md
|
|
msgid "`HashMap`"
|
|
msgstr "`HashMap`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-types/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "Exercise: Counter"
|
|
msgstr "Ejercicio: Contador"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Standard Library Traits"
|
|
msgstr "Biblioteca estándar"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits/comparisons.md src/async.md
|
|
msgid "Comparisons"
|
|
msgstr "Comparaciones"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits/operators.md
|
|
msgid "Operators"
|
|
msgstr "Operadores"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits/from-and-into.md
|
|
msgid "`From` and `Into`"
|
|
msgstr "`From` e `Into`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits/casting.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Casting"
|
|
msgstr "Probando"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits/read-and-write.md
|
|
msgid "`Read` and `Write`"
|
|
msgstr "`Read` y `Write`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "`Default`, struct update syntax"
|
|
msgstr "`Default`, sintaxis de actualización de structs"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits/closures.md
|
|
msgid "Closures"
|
|
msgstr "Cierres"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/std-traits/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "Exercise: ROT13"
|
|
msgstr "Ejercicio: ROT13"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Day 3: Morning"
|
|
msgstr "Día 3: Mañana"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management.md
|
|
msgid "Memory Management"
|
|
msgstr "Manejo de Memoria"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management/review.md
|
|
msgid "Review of Program Memory"
|
|
msgstr "Revisión de la memoria de programas"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management/approaches.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Approaches to Memory Management"
|
|
msgstr "Gestión Automática de la Memoria"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management/ownership.md
|
|
msgid "Ownership"
|
|
msgstr "Ownership"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management/move.md
|
|
msgid "Move Semantics"
|
|
msgstr "Semántica de movimiento"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "`Clone`"
|
|
msgstr "Trait `Clone`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management/copy-types.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Copy Types"
|
|
msgstr "Tipos compuestos"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "`Drop`"
|
|
msgstr "Trait `Drop`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "Exercise: Builder Type"
|
|
msgstr "Ejercicio: Constructores"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/smart-pointers.md
|
|
msgid "Smart Pointers"
|
|
msgstr "Punteros inteligentes"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/smart-pointers/box.md
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
|
|
msgid "`Box<T>`"
|
|
msgstr "`Box<T>`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/smart-pointers/rc.md
|
|
msgid "`Rc`"
|
|
msgstr "`Rc`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/smart-pointers/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "Exercise: Binary Tree"
|
|
msgstr "Ejercicio: Árbol binario"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Day 3: Afternoon"
|
|
msgstr "Día 3: Tarde"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/borrowing.md
|
|
msgid "Borrowing"
|
|
msgstr "Préstamos (_Borrowing_)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/borrowing/shared.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Borrowing a Value"
|
|
msgstr "Préstamos (_Borrowing_)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/borrowing/borrowck.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Borrow Checking"
|
|
msgstr "Préstamos (_Borrowing_)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Interior Mutability"
|
|
msgstr "Interoperabilidad"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/borrowing/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "Exercise: Health Statistics"
|
|
msgstr "Ejercicio: Estadísticas de Salud"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/slices-and-lifetimes.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Slices and Lifetimes"
|
|
msgstr "Tiempos de vida"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Slices: `&[T]`"
|
|
msgstr "Slices: `&[T]`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "String References"
|
|
msgstr "Referencias colgantes"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Lifetime Annotations"
|
|
msgstr "Tiempos de Vida en Llamadas a Función"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Lifetime Elision"
|
|
msgstr "Tiempos de vida"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Struct Lifetimes"
|
|
msgstr "Tiempos de vida"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "Exercise: Protobuf Parsing"
|
|
msgstr "Ejercicio: Análisis de Protobuf"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Day 4: Morning"
|
|
msgstr "Día 4: Mañana"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/iterators.md
|
|
msgid "Iterators"
|
|
msgstr "Iteradores"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/iterators/iterator.md src/bare-metal/no_std.md
|
|
msgid "`Iterator`"
|
|
msgstr "`Iterator`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/iterators/intoiterator.md
|
|
msgid "`IntoIterator`"
|
|
msgstr "`IntoIterator`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "`FromIterator`"
|
|
msgstr "FromIterator"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/iterators/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "Exercise: Iterator Method Chaining"
|
|
msgstr "Ejercicio: Encadenamiento de métodos del iterador"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/modules.md src/modules/modules.md
|
|
msgid "Modules"
|
|
msgstr "Módulos"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/modules/filesystem.md
|
|
msgid "Filesystem Hierarchy"
|
|
msgstr "Jerarquía del sistema de archivos"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/modules/visibility.md
|
|
msgid "Visibility"
|
|
msgstr "Visibilidad"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "`use`, `super`, `self`"
|
|
msgstr "`use`, `super`, `self`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/modules/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "Exercise: Modules for a GUI Library"
|
|
msgstr "Ejercicio: Módulos para una biblioteca GUI"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/testing.md src/chromium/testing.md
|
|
msgid "Testing"
|
|
msgstr "Probando"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Test Modules"
|
|
msgstr "Módulos de Pruebas"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/testing/other.md
|
|
msgid "Other Types of Tests"
|
|
msgstr "Otros tipos de pruebas"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/testing/useful-crates.md
|
|
msgid "Useful Crates"
|
|
msgstr "Crates útiles"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/testing/googletest.md
|
|
msgid "GoogleTest"
|
|
msgstr "GoogleTest"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/testing/mocking.md
|
|
msgid "Mocking"
|
|
msgstr "Simulaciones"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/testing/lints.md
|
|
msgid "Compiler Lints and Clippy"
|
|
msgstr "Lints de compiladores y Clippy"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/testing/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "Exercise: Luhn Algorithm"
|
|
msgstr "Ejercicio: Algoritmo de Luhn"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Day 4: Afternoon"
|
|
msgstr "Día 4: Tarde"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/error-handling.md
|
|
msgid "Error Handling"
|
|
msgstr "Manejo de Errores"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/error-handling/panics.md
|
|
msgid "Panics"
|
|
msgstr "Pánicos"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/error-handling/try.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Try Operator"
|
|
msgstr "Iteradores"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/error-handling/try-conversions.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Try Conversions"
|
|
msgstr "Conversiones Implícitas"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "`Error` Trait"
|
|
msgstr "`Error`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "`thiserror` and `anyhow`"
|
|
msgstr "`From` e `Into`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Exercise: Rewriting with `Result`"
|
|
msgstr "Ejercicio: Reescribir con `Result`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/unsafe-rust.md src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md
|
|
msgid "Unsafe Rust"
|
|
msgstr "Unsafe Rust"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Unsafe"
|
|
msgstr "Unsafe"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md
|
|
msgid "Dereferencing Raw Pointers"
|
|
msgstr "Dereferenciación de Punteros Sin Formato"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md
|
|
msgid "Mutable Static Variables"
|
|
msgstr "Variables Estáticas Mutables"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/unsafe-rust/unions.md
|
|
msgid "Unions"
|
|
msgstr "Uniones"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Unsafe Functions"
|
|
msgstr "Llamar Funciones Unsafe (Inseguras)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Unsafe Traits"
|
|
msgstr "Implementación de Traits Unsafe (Inseguras)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Exercise: FFI Wrapper"
|
|
msgstr "Ejercicio: Envoltorio de FFI"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/android.md
|
|
msgid "Android"
|
|
msgstr "Android"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/setup.md src/chromium/setup.md
|
|
msgid "Setup"
|
|
msgstr "Configurar"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid "Build Rules"
|
|
msgstr "Reglas de Compilación (Build)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Binary"
|
|
msgstr "Binarios"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Library"
|
|
msgstr "Biblioteca"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/aidl.md
|
|
msgid "AIDL"
|
|
msgstr "AIDL"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Interface"
|
|
msgstr "Interfaz"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Implementation"
|
|
msgstr "Implementación"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Server"
|
|
msgstr "Servidor"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/aidl/deploy.md
|
|
msgid "Deploy"
|
|
msgstr "Despliegue"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Client"
|
|
msgstr "Cliente"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/aidl/changing.md
|
|
msgid "Changing API"
|
|
msgstr "Cambio de API"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/logging.md src/bare-metal/aps/logging.md
|
|
msgid "Logging"
|
|
msgstr "Almacenamiento de registros"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability.md
|
|
msgid "Interoperability"
|
|
msgstr "Interoperabilidad"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "With C"
|
|
msgstr "Con C"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Calling C with Bindgen"
|
|
msgstr "Llamar a C con Bindgen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Calling Rust from C"
|
|
msgstr "Llamar a Rust desde C"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp.md
|
|
msgid "With C++"
|
|
msgstr "Con C++"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "The Bridge Module"
|
|
msgstr "Módulos de Pruebas"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Rust Bridge"
|
|
msgstr "Rust Bridge"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/generated-cpp.md
|
|
msgid "Generated C++"
|
|
msgstr "C++ generado"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "C++ Bridge"
|
|
msgstr "Bridge en C++"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-types.md
|
|
msgid "Shared Types"
|
|
msgstr "Tipos de datos compartidos"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-enums.md
|
|
msgid "Shared Enums"
|
|
msgstr "Enums compartidas"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md
|
|
msgid "Rust Error Handling"
|
|
msgstr "Manejo de Errores en Rust"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-exception.md
|
|
msgid "C++ Error Handling"
|
|
msgstr "Manejo de Errores en C++"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
|
|
msgid "Additional Types"
|
|
msgstr "Tipos adicionales"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Building for Android: C++"
|
|
msgstr "Compilar en Android: C++"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Building for Android: Genrules"
|
|
msgstr "Compilar en Android: Genrules"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Building for Android: Rust"
|
|
msgstr "Compilar en Android: Rust"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "With Java"
|
|
msgstr "Con Java"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/android/morning.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/morning.md src/exercises/bare-metal/afternoon.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/morning.md src/exercises/concurrency/afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "Exercises"
|
|
msgstr "Ejercicios"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Chromium"
|
|
msgstr "Chromium"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/cargo.md
|
|
msgid "Comparing Chromium and Cargo Ecosystems"
|
|
msgstr "Comparación de los ecosistemas de Chromium y Cargo"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Policy"
|
|
msgstr "Política"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Unsafe Code"
|
|
msgstr "Unsafe Rust"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/build-rules/depending.md
|
|
msgid "Depending on Rust Code from Chromium C++"
|
|
msgstr "Depender de código de Rust desde Chromium C++"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md
|
|
msgid "Visual Studio Code"
|
|
msgstr "Visual Studio Code"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md
|
|
msgid "Exercise"
|
|
msgstr "Ejercicio"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/testing/rust-gtest-interop.md
|
|
msgid "`rust_gtest_interop` Library"
|
|
msgstr "Biblioteca `rust_gtest_interop`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/testing/build-gn.md
|
|
msgid "GN Rules for Rust Tests"
|
|
msgstr "Reglas GN para pruebas de Rust"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/testing/chromium-import-macro.md
|
|
msgid "`chromium::import!` Macro"
|
|
msgstr "Macro `chromium::import!`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Interoperability with C++"
|
|
msgstr "Interoperabilidad con C"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Example Bindings"
|
|
msgstr "Ejemplos"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md
|
|
msgid "Limitations of CXX"
|
|
msgstr "Limitaciones de CXX"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md
|
|
msgid "CXX Error Handling"
|
|
msgstr "Manejo de Errores en CXX"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Error Handling: QR Example"
|
|
msgstr "Manejo de Errores: Ejemplo QR"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Error Handling: PNG Example"
|
|
msgstr "Manejo de Errores: Ejemplo PNG"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Using CXX in Chromium"
|
|
msgstr "Usar CXX en Chromium"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
|
|
msgid "Adding Third Party Crates"
|
|
msgstr "Añadir crates de terceros"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Configuring Cargo.toml"
|
|
msgstr "Configurar Cargo.toml"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md
|
|
msgid "Configuring `gnrt_config.toml`"
|
|
msgstr "Configurar `gnrt_config.toml`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md
|
|
msgid "Downloading Crates"
|
|
msgstr "Descargar crates"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md
|
|
msgid "Generating `gn` Build Rules"
|
|
msgstr "Generar reglas de compilación `gn`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md
|
|
msgid "Resolving Problems"
|
|
msgstr "Resolución de problemas"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-generate-code.md
|
|
msgid "Build Scripts Which Generate Code"
|
|
msgstr "Compilar secuencias de comandos que generan código"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-take-arbitrary-actions.md
|
|
msgid "Build Scripts Which Build C++ or Take Arbitrary Actions"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Compilar secuencias de comandos que compilan C++ o llevan a cabo acciones "
|
|
"arbitrarias"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/depending-on-a-crate.md
|
|
msgid "Depending on a Crate"
|
|
msgstr "Depender de un crate"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Reviews and Audits"
|
|
msgstr "Revisiones y auditorías"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Checking into Chromium Source Code"
|
|
msgstr "Comprobaciones en el código fuente de Chromium"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/keeping-up-to-date.md
|
|
msgid "Keeping Crates Up to Date"
|
|
msgstr "Mantener los crates actualizados"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Bringing It Together - Exercise"
|
|
msgstr "Poner en práctica todo lo aprendido: ejercicio"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/chromium/solutions.md
|
|
msgid "Exercise Solutions"
|
|
msgstr "Soluciones de Ejercicios"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Bare Metal: Morning"
|
|
msgstr "Bare Metal: mañana"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/no_std.md
|
|
msgid "`no_std`"
|
|
msgstr "`no_std`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "A Minimal Example"
|
|
msgstr "Un Pequeño Ejemplo"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/no_std.md src/bare-metal/alloc.md
|
|
msgid "`alloc`"
|
|
msgstr "`alloc`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/microcontrollers.md
|
|
msgid "Microcontrollers"
|
|
msgstr "Microcontroladores"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md
|
|
msgid "Raw MMIO"
|
|
msgstr "MMIO sin procesar"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "PACs"
|
|
msgstr "PAC"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "HAL Crates"
|
|
msgstr "Crates HAL"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Board Support Crates"
|
|
msgstr "Crates de Soporte de Placa"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "The Type State Pattern"
|
|
msgstr "El Patrón de Tipo de Estado"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md
|
|
msgid "`embedded-hal`"
|
|
msgstr "`embedded-hal`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "`probe-rs` and `cargo-embed`"
|
|
msgstr "`probe-rs`, `cargo-embed`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md
|
|
msgid "Debugging"
|
|
msgstr "Depuración"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Other Projects"
|
|
msgstr "Otros proyectos"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md
|
|
msgid "Compass"
|
|
msgstr "Brújula"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Solutions"
|
|
msgstr "Soluciones"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Bare Metal: Afternoon"
|
|
msgstr "Bare Metal: tarde"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Application Processors"
|
|
msgstr "Procesadores de aplicaciones"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md
|
|
msgid "Getting Ready to Rust"
|
|
msgstr "Iniciación a Rust"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Inline Assembly"
|
|
msgstr "Ensamblador en línea"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "MMIO"
|
|
msgstr "MMIO"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Let's Write a UART Driver"
|
|
msgstr "Escribir un controlador UART"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "More Traits"
|
|
msgstr "Más traits"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "A Better UART Driver"
|
|
msgstr "Un controlador UART mejor"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md
|
|
msgid "Bitflags"
|
|
msgstr "Bitflags"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Multiple Registers"
|
|
msgstr "Varios registros"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md
|
|
msgid "Driver"
|
|
msgstr "Conductor"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Using It"
|
|
msgstr "Cómo usarlo"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/aps/exceptions.md
|
|
msgid "Exceptions"
|
|
msgstr "Excepciones"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md
|
|
msgid "`zerocopy`"
|
|
msgstr "`zerocopy`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md
|
|
msgid "`aarch64-paging`"
|
|
msgstr "`aarch64-paging`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/useful-crates/buddy_system_allocator.md
|
|
msgid "`buddy_system_allocator`"
|
|
msgstr "`buddy_system_allocator`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/useful-crates/tinyvec.md
|
|
msgid "`tinyvec`"
|
|
msgstr "`tinyvec`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md
|
|
msgid "`spin`"
|
|
msgstr "`spin`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "`vmbase`"
|
|
msgstr "vmbase"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "RTC Driver"
|
|
msgstr "Controlador RTC"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Concurrency: Morning"
|
|
msgstr "Concurrencia: mañana"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/threads.md
|
|
msgid "Threads"
|
|
msgstr "Hilos"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md
|
|
msgid "Scoped Threads"
|
|
msgstr "Hilos con ámbito"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/channels.md
|
|
msgid "Channels"
|
|
msgstr "Canales"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md
|
|
msgid "Unbounded Channels"
|
|
msgstr "Canales sin límites"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md
|
|
msgid "Bounded Channels"
|
|
msgstr "Canales delimitados"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/send-sync.md
|
|
msgid "`Send` and `Sync`"
|
|
msgstr "`Send` y `Sync`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/send-sync/send.md
|
|
msgid "`Send`"
|
|
msgstr "`Send`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md
|
|
msgid "`Sync`"
|
|
msgstr "`Sync`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
|
|
msgid "Examples"
|
|
msgstr "Ejemplos"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/shared_state.md
|
|
msgid "Shared State"
|
|
msgstr "Estado compartido"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md
|
|
msgid "`Arc`"
|
|
msgstr "`Arc`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md
|
|
msgid "`Mutex`"
|
|
msgstr "`Mutex`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/memory-management/review.md
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md
|
|
msgid "Example"
|
|
msgstr "Ejemplo"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
|
|
msgid "Dining Philosophers"
|
|
msgstr "La cena de los filósofos"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
|
|
msgid "Multi-threaded Link Checker"
|
|
msgstr "Comprobador de enlaces multihilo"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Concurrency: Afternoon"
|
|
msgstr "Concurrencia: tarde"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Async Basics"
|
|
msgstr "Conceptos básicos de Async"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/async-await.md
|
|
msgid "`async`/`await`"
|
|
msgstr "`async`/`await`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/futures.md
|
|
msgid "Futures"
|
|
msgstr "Future"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/runtimes.md
|
|
msgid "Runtimes"
|
|
msgstr "Runtimes (Tiempos de Ejecución)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/runtimes/tokio.md
|
|
msgid "Tokio"
|
|
msgstr "Tokio"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md src/async/tasks.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
|
|
msgid "Tasks"
|
|
msgstr "Tasks"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/channels.md
|
|
msgid "Async Channels"
|
|
msgstr "Canales asíncronos"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Control Flow"
|
|
msgstr "Control de Flujo"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/control-flow/join.md
|
|
msgid "Join"
|
|
msgstr "Unir"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/control-flow/select.md
|
|
msgid "Select"
|
|
msgstr "Seleccionar"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Pitfalls"
|
|
msgstr "Inconvenientes"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Blocking the Executor"
|
|
msgstr "Bloqueo del ejecutor"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
|
|
msgid "`Pin`"
|
|
msgstr "`Pin`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md
|
|
msgid "Async Traits"
|
|
msgstr "Traits asíncronos"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md
|
|
msgid "Cancellation"
|
|
msgstr "Cancelación"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "Broadcast Chat Application"
|
|
msgstr "Aplicación de chat de difusión"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Final Words"
|
|
msgstr "Conclusiones"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/thanks.md
|
|
msgid "Thanks!"
|
|
msgstr "Gracias."
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid "Glossary"
|
|
msgstr "Glosario"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md
|
|
msgid "Other Resources"
|
|
msgstr "Otros recursos"
|
|
|
|
#: src/SUMMARY.md src/credits.md
|
|
msgid "Credits"
|
|
msgstr "Créditos"
|
|
|
|
#: src/index.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[![Build workflow](https://img.shields.io/github/actions/workflow/status/"
|
|
"google/comprehensive-rust/build.yml?style=flat-square)](https://github.com/"
|
|
"google/comprehensive-rust/actions/workflows/build.yml?query=branch%3Amain) [!"
|
|
"[GitHub contributors](https://img.shields.io/github/contributors/google/"
|
|
"comprehensive-rust?style=flat-square)](https://github.com/google/"
|
|
"comprehensive-rust/graphs/contributors) [![GitHub stars](https://img.shields."
|
|
"io/github/stars/google/comprehensive-rust?style=flat-square)](https://github."
|
|
"com/google/comprehensive-rust/stargazers)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[![Crear flujo de trabajo](https://img.shields.io/github/actions/workflow/"
|
|
"status/google/comprehensive-rust/build.yml?style=flat-square)](https://"
|
|
"github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/actions/workflows/build.yml?"
|
|
"query=branch%3Amain) [![Colaboradores de GitHub](https://img.shields.io/"
|
|
"github/contributors/google/comprehensive-rust?style=flat-square)](https://"
|
|
"github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/graphs/contributors) [![Estrellas de "
|
|
"GitHub](https://img.shields.io/github/stars/google/comprehensive-rust?"
|
|
"style=flat-square)](https://github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/stargazers)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/index.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This is a free Rust course developed by the Android team at Google. The "
|
|
"course covers the full spectrum of Rust, from basic syntax to advanced "
|
|
"topics like generics and error handling."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Este es un curso de Rust de tres días que ha desarrollado el equipo de "
|
|
"Android de Google. El curso abarca todo lo relacionado con Rust, desde la "
|
|
"sintaxis básica hasta temas avanzados como los genéricos y la gestión de "
|
|
"errores. También incluye contenidos específicos de Android el último día."
|
|
|
|
#: src/index.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The latest version of the course can be found at <https://google.github.io/"
|
|
"comprehensive-rust/>. If you are reading somewhere else, please check there "
|
|
"for updates."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La última versión del curso se puede encontrar en <https://google.github.io/"
|
|
"comprehensive-rust/>. Si lo estás leyendo en otro lugar, consulta allí para "
|
|
"obtener actualizaciones."
|
|
|
|
#: src/index.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The goal of the course is to teach you Rust. We assume you don't know "
|
|
"anything about Rust and hope to:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El objetivo del curso es enseñarte Rust. Suponemos que no sabes nada sobre "
|
|
"Rust y esperamos lograr lo siguiente:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/index.md
|
|
msgid "Give you a comprehensive understanding of the Rust syntax and language."
|
|
msgstr "Darte un entendimiento comprensivo de la sintaxis y lenguaje Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/index.md
|
|
msgid "Enable you to modify existing programs and write new programs in Rust."
|
|
msgstr "Permitirte modificar programas de Rust y escribir otros nuevos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/index.md
|
|
msgid "Show you common Rust idioms."
|
|
msgstr "Brindarte idiomática propia de Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/index.md
|
|
msgid "We call the first four course days Rust Fundamentals."
|
|
msgstr "Llamamos a los cuatro primeros días del curso Fundamentos de Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/index.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Building on this, you're invited to dive into one or more specialized topics:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Basándonos en esto, te invitamos a profundizar en uno o más temas "
|
|
"especializados:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/index.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Android](android.md): a half-day course on using Rust for Android platform "
|
|
"development (AOSP). This includes interoperability with C, C++, and Java."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Android](android.md): un curso de medio día sobre el uso de Rust en el "
|
|
"desarrollo de la plataforma Android (AOSP). En él se incluye la "
|
|
"interoperabilidad con C, C++ y Java."
|
|
|
|
#: src/index.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Chromium](chromium.md): a half-day course on using Rust within Chromium "
|
|
"based browsers. This includes interoperability with C++ and how to include "
|
|
"third-party crates in Chromium."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Rust en Chromium](../chromium.md) es una clase en profundidad de medio día "
|
|
"sobre el uso de Rust como parte del navegador Chromium. Incluye el uso de "
|
|
"Rust en el sistema de compilación `gn` de Chromium e incorpora bibliotecas "
|
|
"de terceros (\"crates\") e interoperabilidad en C++."
|
|
|
|
#: src/index.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Bare-metal](bare-metal.md): a whole-day class on using Rust for bare-metal "
|
|
"(embedded) development. Both microcontrollers and application processors are "
|
|
"covered."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Bare Metal](bare-metal.md): una clase de un día sobre el uso de Rust para "
|
|
"el desarrollo bare-metal (insertado). Se tratarán tanto los "
|
|
"microcontroladores como los procesadores de aplicaciones."
|
|
|
|
#: src/index.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Concurrency](concurrency.md): a whole-day class on concurrency in Rust. We "
|
|
"cover both classical concurrency (preemptively scheduling using threads and "
|
|
"mutexes) and async/await concurrency (cooperative multitasking using "
|
|
"futures)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Concurrencia](concurrency.md): una clase de un día sobre concurrencia en "
|
|
"Rust. Abordaremos tanto la concurrencia clásica (programación interrumpible "
|
|
"mediante hilos y exclusiones mutuas), como la concurrencia async / await "
|
|
"(multitarea cooperativa mediante traits future)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/index.md
|
|
msgid "Non-Goals"
|
|
msgstr "Objetivos que no trataremos"
|
|
|
|
#: src/index.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust is a large language and we won't be able to cover all of it in a few "
|
|
"days. Some non-goals of this course are:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust es un lenguaje muy amplio y no podremos abarcarlo todo en unos pocos "
|
|
"días. Algunos de los objetivos que no se plantean en este curso son los "
|
|
"siguientes:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/index.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Learning how to develop macros: please see [Chapter 19.5 in the Rust Book]"
|
|
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch19-06-macros.html) and [Rust by Example]"
|
|
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/macros.html) instead."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Aprender a desarrollar macros: consulta el [capítulo 19.5 del Libro de Rust ]"
|
|
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch19-06-macros.html) y [Rust by Example]"
|
|
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/macros.html)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/index.md
|
|
msgid "Assumptions"
|
|
msgstr "Suposiciones"
|
|
|
|
#: src/index.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The course assumes that you already know how to program. Rust is a "
|
|
"statically-typed language and we will sometimes make comparisons with C and "
|
|
"C++ to better explain or contrast the Rust approach."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El curso presupone que ya sabes programar. Rust es un lenguaje estáticamente "
|
|
"tipado y, a veces, haremos comparaciones con C y C++ para explicarlo mejor o "
|
|
"contrastar nuestro enfoque."
|
|
|
|
#: src/index.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If you know how to program in a dynamically-typed language such as Python or "
|
|
"JavaScript, then you will be able to follow along just fine too."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si sabes programar en un lenguaje dinámicamente tipado, como Python o "
|
|
"JavaScript, podrás seguir el ritmo sin problema."
|
|
|
|
#: src/index.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This is an example of a _speaker note_. We will use these to add additional "
|
|
"information to the slides. This could be key points which the instructor "
|
|
"should cover as well as answers to typical questions which come up in class."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Este es un ejemplo de una _nota del orador_. Las utilizaremos para añadir "
|
|
"información adicional a las diapositivas. Puede tratarse de puntos clave que "
|
|
"el instructor debería tratar, así como de respuestas a preguntas frecuentes "
|
|
"que surgen en clase."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course.md src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "This page is for the course instructor."
|
|
msgstr "Esta página está dirigida al instructor del curso."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Here is a bit of background information about how we've been running the "
|
|
"course internally at Google."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"A continuación, te ofrecemos información general sobre cómo se ha "
|
|
"desarrollado el curso en Google."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"We typically run classes from 9:00 am to 4:00 pm, with a 1 hour lunch break "
|
|
"in the middle. This leaves 3 hours for the morning class and 3 hours for the "
|
|
"afternoon class. Both sessions contain multiple breaks and time for students "
|
|
"to work on exercises."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Normalmente, impartimos las clases de 10:00 a 16:00, con una pausa para "
|
|
"comer de una hora. Esto deja 2,5 horas para la clase de la mañana y 2,5 "
|
|
"horas para la clase de la tarde. Ten en cuenta que esta es solo una "
|
|
"recomendación: también puedes dedicar 3 horas a la sesión de la mañana para "
|
|
"dar a la gente más tiempo para los ejercicios. El inconveniente de las "
|
|
"sesiones más largas es que la gente puede cansarse mucho después de 6 horas "
|
|
"completas de clase por la tarde."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course.md
|
|
msgid "Before you run the course, you will want to:"
|
|
msgstr "Antes de impartir el curso, te recomdamos hacer lo siguiente:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Make yourself familiar with the course material. We've included speaker "
|
|
"notes to help highlight the key points (please help us by contributing more "
|
|
"speaker notes!). When presenting, you should make sure to open the speaker "
|
|
"notes in a popup (click the link with a little arrow next to \"Speaker "
|
|
"Notes\"). This way you have a clean screen to present to the class."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Familiarízate con el material del curso. Hemos incluido notas del orador "
|
|
"para destacar los puntos clave (ayúdanos a añadir más notas de este tipo). "
|
|
"Cuando hagas una presentación, asegúrate de abrir las notas del orador en "
|
|
"una ventana emergente (haz clic en el enlace que tiene una pequeña flecha "
|
|
"junto a \"Notas del orador\"). De esta manera, tendrás una pantalla "
|
|
"despejada para mostrar a la clase."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Decide on the dates. Since the course takes four days, we recommend that you "
|
|
"schedule the days over two weeks. Course participants have said that they "
|
|
"find it helpful to have a gap in the course since it helps them process all "
|
|
"the information we give them."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Decide bien las fechas. Dado que el curso dura al menos tres días completos, "
|
|
"te recomendamos que repartas los días a lo largo de dos semanas. Los "
|
|
"participantes del curso han dicho que les resulta útil hacer pausas durante "
|
|
"el curso, ya que les ayuda a procesar toda la información que les "
|
|
"proporcionamos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Find a room large enough for your in-person participants. We recommend a "
|
|
"class size of 15-25 people. That's small enough that people are comfortable "
|
|
"asking questions --- it's also small enough that one instructor will have "
|
|
"time to answer the questions. Make sure the room has _desks_ for yourself "
|
|
"and for the students: you will all need to be able to sit and work with your "
|
|
"laptops. In particular, you will be doing a lot of live-coding as an "
|
|
"instructor, so a lectern won't be very helpful for you."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Busca una sala con capacidad suficiente para los participantes presenciales. "
|
|
"Recomendamos una sala para entre 15 y 25 personas. Es el tamaño ideal para "
|
|
"que los alumnos se sientan cómodos haciendo preguntas y para que el profesor "
|
|
"tenga tiempo de responderlas. Asegúrate de que en la sala haya _mesas_ para "
|
|
"ti y para los alumnos: todos necesitaréis sentaros y trabajar con vuestros "
|
|
"portátiles. Además, como instructor, programarás mucho en directo, por lo "
|
|
"que un atril no te resultará muy útil."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"On the day of your course, show up to the room a little early to set things "
|
|
"up. We recommend presenting directly using `mdbook serve` running on your "
|
|
"laptop (see the [installation instructions](https://github.com/google/"
|
|
"comprehensive-rust#building)). This ensures optimal performance with no lag "
|
|
"as you change pages. Using your laptop will also allow you to fix typos as "
|
|
"you or the course participants spot them."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El mismo día del curso, llega con antelación a la clase para preparar todo "
|
|
"lo necesario. Te recomendamos que realices la presentación directamente "
|
|
"desde `mdbook serve` en tu portátil (consulta las \\[instrucciones de "
|
|
"instalación\\]\\[3\\]). Así conseguirás un rendimiento óptimo y que no haya "
|
|
"demoras al pasar de una página a otra. También podrás corregir las erratas a "
|
|
"medida que tú o los participantes del curso las detectéis."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Let people solve the exercises by themselves or in small groups. We "
|
|
"typically spend 30-45 minutes on exercises in the morning and in the "
|
|
"afternoon (including time to review the solutions). Make sure to ask people "
|
|
"if they're stuck or if there is anything you can help with. When you see "
|
|
"that several people have the same problem, call it out to the class and "
|
|
"offer a solution, e.g., by showing people where to find the relevant "
|
|
"information in the standard library."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Deja que los alumnos resuelvan los ejercicios por sí mismos o en pequeños "
|
|
"grupos. Solemos dedicar entre 30 y 45 minutos a los ejercicios por la mañana "
|
|
"y por la tarde (incluido el tiempo para revisar las soluciones). Asegúrate "
|
|
"de preguntar a los asistentes si les está costando hacerlo o si hay algo en "
|
|
"lo que puedas ayudarles. Cuando veas que varias personas tienen el mismo "
|
|
"problema, coméntalo delante de la clase y ofrece una solución. Por ejemplo, "
|
|
"enséñales dónde encontrar la información importante en la biblioteca "
|
|
"estándar."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"That is all, good luck running the course! We hope it will be as much fun "
|
|
"for you as it has been for us!"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Eso es todo. ¡Buena suerte con el curso! Esperamos que te diviertas tanto "
|
|
"como nosotros."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Please [provide feedback](https://github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/"
|
|
"discussions/86) afterwards so that we can keep improving the course. We "
|
|
"would love to hear what worked well for you and what can be made better. "
|
|
"Your students are also very welcome to [send us feedback](https://github.com/"
|
|
"google/comprehensive-rust/discussions/100)!"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Después, [envíanos un comentario](https://github.com/google/comprehensive-"
|
|
"rust/discussions/86) para que podamos seguir mejorando el curso. Estaremos "
|
|
"encantados de que nos cuentes qué aspectos destacarías y qué se puede "
|
|
"mejorar. Tus alumnos también pueden [enviarnos sus sugerencias](https://"
|
|
"github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/discussions/100)!"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "Rust Fundamentals"
|
|
msgstr "Fundamentos de Rust"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The first four days make up [Rust Fundamentals](../welcome-day-1.md). The "
|
|
"days are fast paced and we cover a lot of ground!"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los primeros tres días forman los [Fundamentos de Rust](../welcome-day-1."
|
|
"md). Los días son muy intensos y cubrimos mucho terreno:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "Course schedule:"
|
|
msgstr "Horario del curso:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "Day 1 Morning (3 hours, including breaks)"
|
|
msgstr "Día 1 por la mañana (3 horas, incluidos los descansos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "[Welcome](../welcome-day-1.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Bienvenida](../welcome-day-1.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "[Hello, World](../hello-world.md) (20 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Hola, mundo](../hello-world.md) (20 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "[Types and Values](../types-and-values.md) (1 hour and 5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Tipos y valores](../types-and-values.md) (1 hora y 5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "[Control Flow Basics](../control-flow-basics.md) (1 hour)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Aspectos básicos del flujo de control](../control-flow-basics.md) (1 hora)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "Day 1 Afternoon (2 hours and 55 minutes, including breaks)"
|
|
msgstr "Día 1 por la tarde (2 horas y 55 minutos, incluidos los descansos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "[Tuples and Arrays](../tuples-and-arrays.md) (1 hour)"
|
|
msgstr "[Tuplas y arrays](../tuples-and-arrays.md) (1 hora)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "[References](../references.md) (50 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Referencias](../references.md) (50 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "[User-Defined Types](../user-defined-types.md) (50 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Tipos definidos por el usuario](../user-definition-types.md) (50 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Day 2 Morning (3 hours and 5 minutes, including breaks)"
|
|
msgstr "Día 4 por la mañana (3 horas y 5 minutos, incluidos los descansos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "[Welcome](../welcome-day-2.md) (3 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Bienvenida](../welcome-day-2.md) (3 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "[Pattern Matching](../pattern-matching.md) (50 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Coincidencia de patrones](../pattern-matching.md) (50 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "[Methods and Traits](../methods-and-traits.md) (55 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Métodos y traits](../methods-and-traits.md) (55 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "[Generics](../generics.md) (45 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Genéricos](../generics.md) (45 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "Day 2 Afternoon (3 hours, including breaks)"
|
|
msgstr "Día 2 por la tarde (3 horas, incluidos los descansos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "[Standard Library Types](../std-types.md) (1 hour and 10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Tipos de bibliotecas estándar](../std-types.md) (1 hora y 10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "[Standard Library Traits](../std-traits.md) (1 hour and 40 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Traits de biblioteca estándar](../std-traits.md) (1 hora y 40 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "Day 3 Morning (2 hours and 15 minutes, including breaks)"
|
|
msgstr "Día 3 por la mañana (2 horas y 15 minutos, incluidos los descansos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "[Welcome](../welcome-day-3.md) (3 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Bienvenida](../welcome-day-3.md) (3 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "[Memory Management](../memory-management.md) (1 hour and 10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Gestión de la memoria](../memory-management.md) (1 hora y 10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "[Smart Pointers](../smart-pointers.md) (45 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Iteradores](../iterators.md) (45 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "Day 3 Afternoon (2 hours and 20 minutes, including breaks)"
|
|
msgstr "Día 3 por la tarde (2 horas y 20 minutos, incluidos los descansos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "[Borrowing](../borrowing.md) (1 hour)"
|
|
msgstr "[Préstamos](../borrowing.md) (1 hora)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Slices and Lifetimes](../slices-and-lifetimes.md) (1 hour and 10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Slices y tiempos de vida](../slices-and-lifetimes.md) (1 hora y 10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "Day 4 Morning (3 hours and 5 minutes, including breaks)"
|
|
msgstr "Día 4 por la mañana (3 horas y 5 minutos, incluidos los descansos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "[Welcome](../welcome-day-4.md) (3 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Bienvenida](../welcome-day-4.md) (3 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "[Iterators](../iterators.md) (45 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Iteradores](../iterators.md) (45 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "[Modules](../modules.md) (40 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Módulos](../modules.md) (40 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "[Testing](../testing.md) (1 hour and 5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Pruebas](../testing.md) (1 hora y 5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "Day 4 Afternoon (2 hours, including breaks)"
|
|
msgstr "Día 4 por la tarde (2 horas, incluidos los descansos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "[Error Handling](../error-handling.md) (45 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Gestión de errores](../error-handling.md) (45 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "[Unsafe Rust](../unsafe-rust.md) (1 hour and 5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Rust inseguro](../unsafe-rust.md) (1 hora y 5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "Deep Dives"
|
|
msgstr "Información más detallada"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In addition to the 4-day class on Rust Fundamentals, we cover some more "
|
|
"specialized topics:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Además de la clase de 3 días sobre los fundamentos de Rust, abordamos "
|
|
"algunos temas más especializados:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "Rust in Android"
|
|
msgstr "Rust en Android"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The [Rust in Android](../android.md) deep dive is a half-day course on using "
|
|
"Rust for Android platform development. This includes interoperability with "
|
|
"C, C++, and Java."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Rust en Android](../android.md) es un curso de medio día sobre el uso de "
|
|
"Rust para el desarrollo de la plataforma Android. En él se incluye la "
|
|
"interoperabilidad con C, C++ y Java."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You will need an [AOSP checkout](https://source.android.com/docs/setup/"
|
|
"download/downloading). Make a checkout of the [course repository](https://"
|
|
"github.com/google/comprehensive-rust) on the same machine and move the `src/"
|
|
"android/` directory into the root of your AOSP checkout. This will ensure "
|
|
"that the Android build system sees the `Android.bp` files in `src/android/`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Necesitarás [conseguir el AOSP](https://source.android.com/docs/setup/"
|
|
"download/downloading). Descarga el [repositorio del curso](https://github."
|
|
"com/google/comprehensive-rust) en el mismo ordenador y mueve el directorio "
|
|
"`src/android/` a la raíz del AOSP. De esta forma, el sistema de compilación "
|
|
"de Android verá los archivos `Android.bp` en `src/android/`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Ensure that `adb sync` works with your emulator or real device and pre-build "
|
|
"all Android examples using `src/android/build_all.sh`. Read the script to "
|
|
"see the commands it runs and make sure they work when you run them by hand."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Asegúrate que `adb sync` funciona con tu emulador o en un dispositivo físico "
|
|
"y haz pre-build en todos los ejemplos de Android usando `src/android/"
|
|
"build_all.sh`. Lee el script para ver los comandos que corren y asegúrate "
|
|
"que funcionan cuando lo corres a mano."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "Rust in Chromium"
|
|
msgstr "Rust en Chromium"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The [Rust in Chromium](../chromium.md) deep dive is a half-day course on "
|
|
"using Rust as part of the Chromium browser. It includes using Rust in "
|
|
"Chromium's `gn` build system, bringing in third-party libraries (\"crates\") "
|
|
"and C++ interoperability."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Rust en Chromium](../chromium.md) es una clase en profundidad de medio día "
|
|
"sobre el uso de Rust como parte del navegador Chromium. Incluye el uso de "
|
|
"Rust en el sistema de compilación `gn` de Chromium e incorpora bibliotecas "
|
|
"de terceros (\"crates\") e interoperabilidad en C++."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You will need to be able to build Chromium --- a debug, component build is "
|
|
"[recommended](../chromium/setup.md) for speed but any build will work. "
|
|
"Ensure that you can run the Chromium browser that you've built."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Deberás poder compilar Chromium: [recomendamos] una compilación de "
|
|
"depuración de componentes (../chromium/setup.md) por cuestiones de "
|
|
"velocidad, pero cualquier compilación funcionará de forma correcta. "
|
|
"Asegúrate de que puedes ejecutar el navegador Chromium que has compilado."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "Bare-Metal Rust"
|
|
msgstr "Bare Metal Rust"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The [Bare-Metal Rust](../bare-metal.md) deep dive is a full day class on "
|
|
"using Rust for bare-metal (embedded) development. Both microcontrollers and "
|
|
"application processors are covered."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Bare Metal Rust](../bare-metal.md) es una clase de un día sobre cómo usar "
|
|
"Rust para el desarrollo bare-metal (insertado). Se tratarán tanto "
|
|
"microcontroladores como procesadores de aplicaciones."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"For the microcontroller part, you will need to buy the [BBC micro:bit]"
|
|
"(https://microbit.org/) v2 development board ahead of time. Everybody will "
|
|
"need to install a number of packages as described on the [welcome page](../"
|
|
"bare-metal.md)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Para la parte de los microcontroladores, necesitarás comprar con antelación "
|
|
"la segunda versión de la placa programable [BBC micro:bit](https://microbit."
|
|
"org/). Todo el mundo deberá instalar una serie de paquetes, tal como se "
|
|
"describe en la [página de bienvenida](../bare-metal.md)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "Concurrency in Rust"
|
|
msgstr "Concurrencia en Rust"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The [Concurrency in Rust](../concurrency.md) deep dive is a full day class "
|
|
"on classical as well as `async`/`await` concurrency."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Concurrencia en profundidad](../concurrency.md) es una clase de un día "
|
|
"sobre la concurrencia clásica y la concurrencia `async`/`await`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You will need a fresh crate set up and the dependencies downloaded and ready "
|
|
"to go. You can then copy/paste the examples into `src/main.rs` to experiment "
|
|
"with them:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Necesitarás configurar un nuevo crate, y descargar y preparar las "
|
|
"dependencias. A continuación, podrás copiar y pegar los ejemplos en `src/"
|
|
"main.rs` para experimentar con ellos:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid "Format"
|
|
msgstr "Formato"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/course-structure.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The course is meant to be very interactive and we recommend letting the "
|
|
"questions drive the exploration of Rust!"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El curso está pensado para ser muy interactivo, por lo que te recomendamos "
|
|
"que dejes que las preguntas guíen el aprendizaje de Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md
|
|
msgid "There are several useful keyboard shortcuts in mdBook:"
|
|
msgstr "Existen varias combinaciones de teclas útiles en mdBook:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md
|
|
msgid "Arrow-Left"
|
|
msgstr "Flecha izquierda"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md
|
|
msgid ": Navigate to the previous page."
|
|
msgstr ": ir a la página anterior."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md
|
|
msgid "Arrow-Right"
|
|
msgstr "Flecha derecha"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md
|
|
msgid ": Navigate to the next page."
|
|
msgstr ": ir a la página siguiente."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md src/cargo/code-samples.md
|
|
msgid "Ctrl + Enter"
|
|
msgstr "Ctrl + Intro"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md
|
|
msgid ": Execute the code sample that has focus."
|
|
msgstr ": ejecutar el código de ejemplo seleccionado."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md
|
|
msgid "s"
|
|
msgstr "s"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/keyboard-shortcuts.md
|
|
msgid ": Activate the search bar."
|
|
msgstr ": activar la barra de búsqueda."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/translations.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The course has been translated into other languages by a set of wonderful "
|
|
"volunteers:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El curso se ha traducido a otros idiomas gracias a grupo de maravillosos "
|
|
"voluntarios:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/translations.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Brazilian Portuguese](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/pt-BR/) "
|
|
"by [@rastringer](https://github.com/rastringer), [@hugojacob](https://github."
|
|
"com/hugojacob), [@joaovicmendes](https://github.com/joaovicmendes), and "
|
|
"[@henrif75](https://github.com/henrif75)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Portugués de Brasil](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/pt-BR/) "
|
|
"por [@rastringer](https://github.com/rastringer), [@hugojacob](https://"
|
|
"github.com/hugojacob), [@joaovicmendes](https://github.com/joaovicmendes) y "
|
|
"[@henrif75](https://github.com/henrif75)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/translations.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Chinese (Simplified)](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/zh-CN/) "
|
|
"by [@suetfei](https://github.com/suetfei), [@wnghl](https://github.com/"
|
|
"wnghl), [@anlunx](https://github.com/anlunx), [@kongy](https://github.com/"
|
|
"kongy), [@noahdragon](https://github.com/noahdragon), [@superwhd](https://"
|
|
"github.com/superwhd), [@SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK), and [@nodmp]"
|
|
"(https://github.com/nodmp)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Chino (simplificado)](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/zh-CN/) "
|
|
"por [@suetfei](https://github.com/suetfei), [@wnghl](https://github.com/"
|
|
"wnghl), [@anlunx](https://github.com/anlunx), [@kongy](https://github.com/"
|
|
"kongy), [@noahdragon](https://github.com/noahdragon), [@superwhd](https://"
|
|
"github.com/superwhd), [@SketchK](https://github.com/SketchK) y [@nodmp]"
|
|
"(https://github.com/nodmp)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/translations.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Chinese (Traditional)](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/zh-TW/) "
|
|
"by [@hueich](https://github.com/hueich), [@victorhsieh](https://github.com/"
|
|
"victorhsieh), [@mingyc](https://github.com/mingyc), [@kuanhungchen](https://"
|
|
"github.com/kuanhungchen), and [@johnathan79717](https://github.com/"
|
|
"johnathan79717)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Chino (tradicional)](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/zh-TW/) "
|
|
"por [@hueich](https://github.com/hueich), [@victorhsieh](https://github.com/"
|
|
"victorhsieh), [@mingyc](https://github.com/mingyc), [@kuanhungchen](https://"
|
|
"github.com/kuanhungchen) y [@johnathan79717](https://github.com/"
|
|
"johnathan79717)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/translations.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Korean](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/ko/) by [@keispace]"
|
|
"(https://github.com/keispace), [@jiyongp](https://github.com/jiyongp), and "
|
|
"[@jooyunghan](https://github.com/jooyunghan)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Coreano](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/ko/) por [@keispace]"
|
|
"(https://github.com/keispace), [@jiyongp](https://github.com/jiyongp) y "
|
|
"[@jooyunghan](https://github.com/jooyunghan)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/translations.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Spanish](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/es/) by [@deavid]"
|
|
"(https://github.com/deavid)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Español](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/es/) por [@deavid]"
|
|
"(https://github.com/deavid)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/translations.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Use the language picker in the top-right corner to switch between languages."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Cambia el idioma con el selector situado en la esquina superior derecha."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/translations.md
|
|
msgid "Incomplete Translations"
|
|
msgstr "Traducciones Incompletas"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/translations.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"There is a large number of in-progress translations. We link to the most "
|
|
"recently updated translations:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Hay muchas traducciones todavía en curso. A continuación, incluimos enlaces "
|
|
"a las traducciones más actualizadas:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/translations.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Bengali](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/bn/) by [@raselmandol]"
|
|
"(https://github.com/raselmandol)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Bengalí](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/bn/) por [@raselmandol]"
|
|
"(https://github.com/raselmandol)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/translations.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[French](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/fr/) by [@KookaS]"
|
|
"(https://github.com/KookaS) and [@vcaen](https://github.com/vcaen)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Francés](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/fr/) por [@KookaS]"
|
|
"(https://github.com/KookaS) y [@vcaen](https://github.com/vcaen)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/translations.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[German](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/de/) by [@Throvn]"
|
|
"(https://github.com/Throvn) and [@ronaldfw](https://github.com/ronaldfw)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Alemán](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/de/) por [@Throvn]"
|
|
"(https://github.com/Throvn) y [@ronaldfw](https://github.com/ronaldfw)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/translations.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Japanese](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/ja/) by [@CoinEZ-JPN]"
|
|
"(https://github.com/CoinEZ) and [@momotaro1105](https://github.com/"
|
|
"momotaro1105)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Japonés](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/ja/) por [@CoinEZ-JPN]"
|
|
"(https://github.com/CoinEZ) y [@momotaro1105](https://github.com/"
|
|
"momotaro1105)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/translations.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Italian](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/it/) by "
|
|
"[@henrythebuilder](https://github.com/henrythebuilder) and [@detro](https://"
|
|
"github.com/detro)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Italiano](https://google.github.io/comprehensive-rust/it/) por "
|
|
"[@henrythebuilder](https://github.com/henrythebuilder) y [@detro](https://"
|
|
"github.com/detro)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/running-the-course/translations.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If you want to help with this effort, please see [our instructions](https://"
|
|
"github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/blob/main/TRANSLATIONS.md) for how to "
|
|
"get going. Translations are coordinated on the [issue tracker](https://"
|
|
"github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/issues/282)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si quieres ayudar en esta iniciativa, consulta [nuestras instrucciones]"
|
|
"(https://github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/blob/main/TRANSLATIONS.md) "
|
|
"para empezar. Las traducciones se coordinan en la [herramienta de "
|
|
"seguimiento de incidencias](https://github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/"
|
|
"issues/282)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"When you start reading about Rust, you will soon meet [Cargo](https://doc."
|
|
"rust-lang.org/cargo/), the standard tool used in the Rust ecosystem to build "
|
|
"and run Rust applications. Here we want to give a brief overview of what "
|
|
"Cargo is and how it fits into the wider ecosystem and how it fits into this "
|
|
"training."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Cuando empieces a informarte sobre Rust, conocerás [Cargo](https://doc.rust-"
|
|
"lang.org/cargo/), la herramienta estándar que se utiliza en el ecosistema de "
|
|
"Rust para crear y ejecutar sus aplicaciones. En este artículo, te ofrecemos "
|
|
"una breve descripción de lo que es Cargo, cómo se integra en el ecosistema "
|
|
"más amplio y cómo encaja en esta formación."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo.md
|
|
msgid "Installation"
|
|
msgstr "Instalación"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo.md
|
|
msgid "**Please follow the instructions on <https://rustup.rs/>.**"
|
|
msgstr "**Sigue las instrucciones que se indican en <https://rustup.rs/>.**"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This will give you the Cargo build tool (`cargo`) and the Rust compiler "
|
|
"(`rustc`). You will also get `rustup`, a command line utility that you can "
|
|
"use to install to different compiler versions."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Esto te dará la herramienta de compilación Cargo (`cargo`) y el compilador "
|
|
"Rust (`rustc`). También obtendrás `rustup`, una utilidad de línea de "
|
|
"comandos que puedes utilizar para instalar diferentes versiones del "
|
|
"compilador."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"After installing Rust, you should configure your editor or IDE to work with "
|
|
"Rust. Most editors do this by talking to [rust-analyzer](https://rust-"
|
|
"analyzer.github.io/), which provides auto-completion and jump-to-definition "
|
|
"functionality for [VS Code](https://code.visualstudio.com/), [Emacs](https://"
|
|
"rust-analyzer.github.io/manual.html#emacs), [Vim/Neovim](https://rust-"
|
|
"analyzer.github.io/manual.html#vimneovim), and many others. There is also a "
|
|
"different IDE available called [RustRover](https://www.jetbrains.com/rust/)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Después de instalar Rust, debes configurar tu editor o IDE para utilizar "
|
|
"Rust. La mayoría de los editores lo hacen con [rust-analyzer](https://rust-"
|
|
"analyzer.github.io/), que ofrece funciones de autocompletado y salto a la "
|
|
"definición para [VS Code](https://code.visualstudio.com/), [Emacs](https://"
|
|
"rust-analyzer.github.io/manual.html#emacs) y [Vim/Neovim](https://rust-"
|
|
"analyzer.github.io/manual.html#vimneovim), entre otros. También hay "
|
|
"disponible otro IDE denominado [RustRover](https://www.jetbrains.com/rust/)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"On Debian/Ubuntu, you can also install Cargo, the Rust source and the [Rust "
|
|
"formatter](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustfmt) via `apt`. However, this "
|
|
"gets you an outdated rust version and may lead to unexpected behavior. The "
|
|
"command would be:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En Debian o Ubuntu, también puedes instalar Cargo, el código fuente de Rust "
|
|
"y [el formateador de Rust](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustfmt) a través de "
|
|
"`apt`. Sin embargo, solo podrás conseguir una versión de Rust obsoleta que "
|
|
"podría dar lugar a comportamientos inesperados. El comando es el siguiente:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
|
|
msgid "The Rust Ecosystem"
|
|
msgstr "El ecosistema de Rust"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The Rust ecosystem consists of a number of tools, of which the main ones are:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El ecosistema de Rust se compone de varias herramientas, entre las que se "
|
|
"incluyen las siguientes:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`rustc`: the Rust compiler which turns `.rs` files into binaries and other "
|
|
"intermediate formats."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`rustc`: el compilador de Rust que convierte archivos `.rs` en binarios y "
|
|
"otros formatos intermedios."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`cargo`: the Rust dependency manager and build tool. Cargo knows how to "
|
|
"download dependencies, usually hosted on <https://crates.io>, and it will "
|
|
"pass them to `rustc` when building your project. Cargo also comes with a "
|
|
"built-in test runner which is used to execute unit tests."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`cargo`: herramienta de compilación y gestión de dependencias de Rust. Cargo "
|
|
"sabe cómo descargar dependencias, que normalmente se alojan en <https://"
|
|
"crates.io>, y las transfiere a `rustc` al crear el proyecto. Cargo también "
|
|
"incorpora un ejecutor de pruebas que se utiliza para realizar pruebas "
|
|
"unitarias."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`rustup`: the Rust toolchain installer and updater. This tool is used to "
|
|
"install and update `rustc` and `cargo` when new versions of Rust are "
|
|
"released. In addition, `rustup` can also download documentation for the "
|
|
"standard library. You can have multiple versions of Rust installed at once "
|
|
"and `rustup` will let you switch between them as needed."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`rustup`: el instalador y actualizador de cadenas de herramientas de Rust. "
|
|
"Esta herramienta se utiliza para instalar y actualizar `rustc` y `cargo` "
|
|
"cuando se lanzan nuevas versiones de Rust. Además, `rustup` también puede "
|
|
"descargar documentación de la biblioteca estándar. Puedes tener varias "
|
|
"versiones de Rust instaladas a la vez y `rustup` te permitirá cambiar de una "
|
|
"a otra según lo necesites."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md src/hello-world/hello-world.md
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md src/references/exclusive.md
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md src/memory-management/move.md
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try.md src/android/setup.md src/concurrency/threads.md
|
|
#: src/async/async-await.md
|
|
msgid "Key points:"
|
|
msgstr "Puntos clave:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust has a rapid release schedule with a new release coming out every six "
|
|
"weeks. New releases maintain backwards compatibility with old releases --- "
|
|
"plus they enable new functionality."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust cuenta con un programa de lanzamiento rápido en el que se publica una "
|
|
"nueva versión cada seis semanas. Las nuevas versiones mantienen la "
|
|
"retrocompatibilidad con las versiones anteriores, además de habilitar nuevas "
|
|
"funciones."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"There are three release channels: \"stable\", \"beta\", and \"nightly\"."
|
|
msgstr "Hay tres canales de lanzamiento: \"stable\", \"beta\" y \"nightly\"."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"New features are being tested on \"nightly\", \"beta\" is what becomes "
|
|
"\"stable\" every six weeks."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Las funciones nuevas se prueban en \"nightly\", y \"beta\" es lo que se "
|
|
"convierte en \"estable\" cada seis semanas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Dependencies can also be resolved from alternative [registries](https://doc."
|
|
"rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/registries.html), git, folders, and more."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Las dependencias también pueden resolverse desde \\[registros\\] "
|
|
"alternativos, git, carpetas, etc."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust also has [editions](https://doc.rust-lang.org/edition-guide/): the "
|
|
"current edition is Rust 2021. Previous editions were Rust 2015 and Rust 2018."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust también tiene varias \\[ediciones\\]: la más actual es Rust 2021. Las "
|
|
"ediciones anteriores son Rust 2015 y Rust 2018."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The editions are allowed to make backwards incompatible changes to the "
|
|
"language."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Las ediciones pueden introducir cambios de incompatibilidad con versiones "
|
|
"anteriores en el lenguaje."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"To prevent breaking code, editions are opt-in: you select the edition for "
|
|
"your crate via the `Cargo.toml` file."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Para evitar que se rompa el código, las ediciones son opcionales: selecciona "
|
|
"la edición para tu crate a través del archivo `Cargo.toml`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"To avoid splitting the ecosystem, Rust compilers can mix code written for "
|
|
"different editions."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Para evitar la división del ecosistema, los compiladores de Rust pueden "
|
|
"mezclar el código escrito para distintas ediciones."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Mention that it is quite rare to ever use the compiler directly not through "
|
|
"`cargo` (most users never do)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Hay que mencionar que es bastante raro utilizar el compilador directamente y "
|
|
"no a través de `cargo` (la mayoría de los usuarios nunca lo hacen)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"It might be worth alluding that Cargo itself is an extremely powerful and "
|
|
"comprehensive tool. It is capable of many advanced features including but "
|
|
"not limited to:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Vale la pena mencionar que Cargo en sí es una herramienta extremadamente "
|
|
"poderosa e integral. Es capaz de hacer muchas cosas avanzadas y no "
|
|
"limitadas a:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
|
|
msgid "Project/package structure"
|
|
msgstr "Estructura del proyecto/package "
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
|
|
msgid "[workspaces](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/workspaces.html)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[workspaces](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/workspaces.html) "
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
|
|
msgid "Dev Dependencies and Runtime Dependency management/caching"
|
|
msgstr "Manejo/Caché de Dependencias de Desarrollo y de Runtime "
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[build scripting](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/build-scripts."
|
|
"html)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Instalación global](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/commands/cargo-install."
|
|
"html)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[global installation](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/commands/cargo-install."
|
|
"html)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Instalación global](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/commands/cargo-install."
|
|
"html)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"It is also extensible with sub command plugins as well (such as [cargo "
|
|
"clippy](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-clippy))."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"También es extensible con plugins de subcomandos (como [cargo clippy]"
|
|
"(https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-clippy))."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/rust-ecosystem.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Read more from the [official Cargo Book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Consulta más información en el [libro oficial de Cargo](https://doc.rust-"
|
|
"lang.org/cargo/)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/code-samples.md
|
|
msgid "Code Samples in This Training"
|
|
msgstr "Código de ejemplo en esta formación"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/code-samples.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"For this training, we will mostly explore the Rust language through examples "
|
|
"which can be executed through your browser. This makes the setup much easier "
|
|
"and ensures a consistent experience for everyone."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En esta formación, aprenderemos el lenguaje Rust principalmente con ejemplos "
|
|
"que podrás ejecutar con tu navegador. De este modo, la configuración es "
|
|
"mucho más sencilla y se asegura una experiencia homogénea para todos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/code-samples.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Installing Cargo is still encouraged: it will make it easier for you to do "
|
|
"the exercises. On the last day, we will do a larger exercise which shows you "
|
|
"how to work with dependencies and for that you need Cargo."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Se recomienda instalar Cargo, ya que facilitará la realización de los "
|
|
"ejercicios. El último día realizaremos un ejercicio más largo en el que se "
|
|
"mostrará cómo trabajar con dependencias, y para eso se necesita Cargo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/code-samples.md
|
|
msgid "The code blocks in this course are fully interactive:"
|
|
msgstr "Los bloques de código de este curso son totalmente interactivos:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/code-samples.md src/cargo/running-locally.md
|
|
msgid "\"Edit me!\""
|
|
msgstr "\"¡Edítame!\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/code-samples.md
|
|
msgid "You can use "
|
|
msgstr "Puedes usar "
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/code-samples.md
|
|
msgid " to execute the code when focus is in the text box."
|
|
msgstr " para ejecutar el código cuando el cursor esté en el cuadro de texto."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/code-samples.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Most code samples are editable like shown above. A few code samples are not "
|
|
"editable for various reasons:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La mayoría de los códigos de ejemplo se pueden editar, como se muestra "
|
|
"arriba, pero hay algunos que no se pueden editar por varios motivos:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/code-samples.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The embedded playgrounds cannot execute unit tests. Copy-paste the code and "
|
|
"open it in the real Playground to demonstrate unit tests."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los playgrounds insertados no pueden ejecutar pruebas unitarias. Copia y "
|
|
"pega el código y ábrelo en la página del playground para mostrar pruebas "
|
|
"unitarias."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/code-samples.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The embedded playgrounds lose their state the moment you navigate away from "
|
|
"the page! This is the reason that the students should solve the exercises "
|
|
"using a local Rust installation or via the Playground."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los playgrounds insertados pierden su estado en cuanto sales e de la página. "
|
|
"Por este motivo, los alumnos deben resolver los ejercicios con una versión "
|
|
"local de Rust o a través del playground."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/running-locally.md
|
|
msgid "Running Code Locally with Cargo"
|
|
msgstr "Ejecutar código de forma local con Cargo"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/running-locally.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If you want to experiment with the code on your own system, then you will "
|
|
"need to first install Rust. Do this by following the [instructions in the "
|
|
"Rust Book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch01-01-installation.html). This "
|
|
"should give you a working `rustc` and `cargo`. At the time of writing, the "
|
|
"latest stable Rust release has these version numbers:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si quieres experimentar con el código en tu propio sistema, primero tendrás "
|
|
"que instalar Rust. Para ello, sigue las [instrucciones del Libro de Rust]"
|
|
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch01-01-installation.html). De este modo, "
|
|
"obtendrás un `rustc` y un `cargo` que funcionen. En el momento de escribir "
|
|
"esto, la última versión estable de Rust tiene estos números de versión:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/running-locally.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You can use any later version too since Rust maintains backwards "
|
|
"compatibility."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"También puedes usar cualquier versión posterior, ya que Rust mantiene la "
|
|
"retrocompatibilidad."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/running-locally.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"With this in place, follow these steps to build a Rust binary from one of "
|
|
"the examples in this training:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Una vez hecho lo anterior, sigue estos pasos para compilar un binario de "
|
|
"Rust a partir de uno de los ejemplos de la formación:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/running-locally.md
|
|
msgid "Click the \"Copy to clipboard\" button on the example you want to copy."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Haz clic en el botón \"Copiar en el portapapeles\" del ejemplo que quieras "
|
|
"copiar."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/running-locally.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Use `cargo new exercise` to create a new `exercise/` directory for your code:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Usa `cargo new exercise` para crear un directorio `exercise/` para tu código:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/running-locally.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Navigate into `exercise/` and use `cargo run` to build and run your binary:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ve a `exercise/` y usa `cargo run` para compilar y ejecutar tu binario:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/running-locally.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Replace the boiler-plate code in `src/main.rs` with your own code. For "
|
|
"example, using the example on the previous page, make `src/main.rs` look like"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Sustituye el código de plantilla en `src/main.rs` con tu propio código. Por "
|
|
"ejemplo, si usamos el ejemplo de la página anterior, podemos hacer que `src/"
|
|
"main.rs` tenga el siguiente aspecto:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/running-locally.md
|
|
msgid "Use `cargo run` to build and run your updated binary:"
|
|
msgstr "Usa `cargo run` para hacer build y ejecutar tu binario actualizado:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/running-locally.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Use `cargo check` to quickly check your project for errors, use `cargo "
|
|
"build` to compile it without running it. You will find the output in `target/"
|
|
"debug/` for a normal debug build. Use `cargo build --release` to produce an "
|
|
"optimized release build in `target/release/`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Comprueba que no haya errores en el proyecto con `cargo check`. Compílalo "
|
|
"sin ejecutarlo con `cargo build`. Encontrarás la salida en `target/debug/` "
|
|
"para una versión de depuración normal. Usa `cargo build --release` para "
|
|
"generar una compilación de lanzamiento optimizada en `target/release/`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/running-locally.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You can add dependencies for your project by editing `Cargo.toml`. When you "
|
|
"run `cargo` commands, it will automatically download and compile missing "
|
|
"dependencies for you."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Edita `Cargo.toml` para añadir dependencias a tu proyecto. Cuando ejecutes "
|
|
"comandos `cargo`, se descargarán y compilarán automáticamente las "
|
|
"dependencias que falten."
|
|
|
|
#: src/cargo/running-locally.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Try to encourage the class participants to install Cargo and use a local "
|
|
"editor. It will make their life easier since they will have a normal "
|
|
"development environment."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Anima a los participantes de la clase a instalar Cargo y utilizar un editor "
|
|
"local. Les facilitará mucho las cosas, ya que dispondrán de un entorno de "
|
|
"desarrollo normal."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1.md
|
|
msgid "Welcome to Day 1"
|
|
msgstr "Te damos la bienvenida al Día 1"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This is the first day of Rust Fundamentals. We will cover a lot of ground "
|
|
"today:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Este es el primer día de Comprehensive Rust. Hoy trataremos muchos temas:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Basic Rust syntax: variables, scalar and compound types, enums, structs, "
|
|
"references, functions, and methods."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Sintaxis básica Rust: variables, scalar y tipos compuestos, enums, structs, "
|
|
"references, funciones, y métodos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Types and type inference."
|
|
msgstr "Inferencia de tipos"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1.md
|
|
msgid "Control flow constructs: loops, conditionals, and so on."
|
|
msgstr "Construcciones de flujos de control: bucles, condicionales, etc."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1.md
|
|
msgid "User-defined types: structs and enums."
|
|
msgstr "Tipos definidos por el usuario: estructuras y enumeraciones."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1.md
|
|
msgid "Pattern matching: destructuring enums, structs, and arrays."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Emparejamiento de Patrones: desestructuración de enums, structs y arrays."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1.md src/welcome-day-2.md src/welcome-day-3.md
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-4.md
|
|
msgid "Schedule"
|
|
msgstr "Horario"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1.md src/welcome-day-1-afternoon.md src/welcome-day-2.md
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-2-afternoon.md src/welcome-day-3.md
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-3-afternoon.md src/welcome-day-4.md
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-4-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "In this session:"
|
|
msgstr "En esta sesión:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1.md
|
|
msgid "[Welcome](./welcome-day-1.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Bienvenida](./welcome-day-1.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1.md
|
|
msgid "[Hello, World](./hello-world.md) (20 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Hola, mundo](./hello-world.md) (20 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1.md
|
|
msgid "[Types and Values](./types-and-values.md) (1 hour and 5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Tipos y valores](./types-and-values.md) (1 hora y 5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1.md
|
|
msgid "[Control Flow Basics](./control-flow-basics.md) (1 hour)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Aspectos básicos del flujo de control](./control-flow-basics.md) (1 hora)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1.md src/welcome-day-2-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "Including 10 minute breaks, this session should take about 3 hours"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Contando con los descansos de 10 minutos, la duración prevista de la sesión "
|
|
"es de unas 3 horas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1.md
|
|
msgid "Please remind the students that:"
|
|
msgstr "Recuerda a los alumnos lo siguiente:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"They should ask questions when they get them, don't save them to the end."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Deben hacer las preguntas cuando surgen, no las guarden hasta el final."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The class is meant to be interactive and discussions are very much "
|
|
"encouraged!"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El curso está pensado para ser muy interactivo, por lo que te recomendamos "
|
|
"que dejes que las preguntas guíen el aprendizaje de Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"As an instructor, you should try to keep the discussions relevant, i.e., "
|
|
"keep the discussions related to how Rust does things vs some other language. "
|
|
"It can be hard to find the right balance, but err on the side of allowing "
|
|
"discussions since they engage people much more than one-way communication."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Como instructor, debes intentar llevar discusiones relevantes, por ejemplo, "
|
|
"mantener relación de cómo Rust hace las cosas vs otros lenguajes. Puede "
|
|
"costar encontrar un balance adecuado, pero permite llevar un debate que "
|
|
"atraiga la atención de la gente por sobre un discurso unidireccional."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The questions will likely mean that we talk about things ahead of the slides."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Las preguntas deberían ser sobre cosas acerca del contenido de los slides."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This is perfectly okay! Repetition is an important part of learning. "
|
|
"Remember that the slides are just a support and you are free to skip them as "
|
|
"you like."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Esto está perfecto! Repetir es una parte importante del aprendizaje. "
|
|
"Recuerda que los slides son solo un soporte y tienes libertad de saltearlos "
|
|
"cuando quieras."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The idea for the first day is to show the \"basic\" things in Rust that "
|
|
"should have immediate parallels in other languages. The more advanced parts "
|
|
"of Rust come on the subsequent days."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El objetivo del primer día es mostrar los aspectos \"básicos\" de Rust que "
|
|
"podrían tener paralelismos inmediatos con otros lenguajes de programación. A "
|
|
"lo largo del curso se estudiarán los aspectos más avanzados de Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If you're teaching this in a classroom, this is a good place to go over the "
|
|
"schedule. Note that there is an exercise at the end of each segment, "
|
|
"followed by a break. Plan to cover the exercise solution after the break. "
|
|
"The times listed here are a suggestion in order to keep the course on "
|
|
"schedule. Feel free to be flexible and adjust as necessary!"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si estás impartiendo el curso en un aula, este un buen lugar para repasar el "
|
|
"calendario. Debes tener en cuenta que hay un ejercicio al final de cada "
|
|
"parte, seguido de una pausa. Organiza las sesiones de forma que se explique "
|
|
"la solución del ejercicio después de la pausa. Las horas que se indican son "
|
|
"una sugerencia para que el curso se ciña al horario establecido. No dudes en "
|
|
"modificar el calendario y hacer los cambios que consideres necesarios."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world.md src/types-and-values.md src/control-flow-basics.md
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays.md src/references.md src/user-defined-types.md
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching.md src/methods-and-traits.md src/generics.md
|
|
#: src/std-types.md src/std-traits.md src/memory-management.md
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers.md src/borrowing.md src/slices-and-lifetimes.md
|
|
#: src/iterators.md src/modules.md src/testing.md src/error-handling.md
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust.md
|
|
msgid "In this segment:"
|
|
msgstr "En esta parte se abordarán los siguientes temas:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world.md
|
|
msgid "[What is Rust?](./hello-world/what-is-rust.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[¿Qué es Rust?](./hello-world/what-is-rust.md) (10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world.md
|
|
msgid "[Hello, World](./hello-world/hello-world.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Hola, mundo](./hello-world/hello-world.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world.md
|
|
msgid "[Benefits of Rust](./hello-world/benefits.md) (3 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Ventajas de Rust](./hello-world/benefits.md) (3 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world.md
|
|
msgid "[Playground](./hello-world/playground.md) (2 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Playground](./hello-world/playground.md) (2 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world.md
|
|
msgid "This segment should take about 20 minutes"
|
|
msgstr "Esta sección tiene una duración aproximada de 20 minutos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust is a new programming language which had its [1.0 release in 2015]"
|
|
"(https://blog.rust-lang.org/2015/05/15/Rust-1.0.html):"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust es un nuevo lenguaje de programación que lanzó su versión [1.0 en el "
|
|
"2015](https://blog.rust-lang.org/2015/05/15/Rust-1.0.html):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
|
|
msgid "Rust is a statically compiled language in a similar role as C++"
|
|
msgstr "Rust es un lenguaje compilado estático similar a C++"
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
|
|
msgid "`rustc` uses LLVM as its backend."
|
|
msgstr "`rustc` usa LLVM como backend."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust supports many [platforms and architectures](https://doc.rust-lang.org/"
|
|
"nightly/rustc/platform-support.html):"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust es compatible con muchas [plataformas y arquitecturas](https://doc.rust-"
|
|
"lang.org/nightly/rustc/platform-support.html):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
|
|
msgid "x86, ARM, WebAssembly, ..."
|
|
msgstr "x86, ARM, WebAssembly, ..."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
|
|
msgid "Linux, Mac, Windows, ..."
|
|
msgstr "Linux, Mac, Windows, ..."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
|
|
msgid "Rust is used for a wide range of devices:"
|
|
msgstr "Rust se utiliza en una gran variedad de dispositivos:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
|
|
msgid "firmware and boot loaders,"
|
|
msgstr "firmware y cargadores de inicio,"
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
|
|
msgid "smart displays,"
|
|
msgstr "pantallas inteligentes,"
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
|
|
msgid "mobile phones,"
|
|
msgstr "teléfonos móviles,"
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
|
|
msgid "desktops,"
|
|
msgstr "ordenadores,"
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
|
|
msgid "servers."
|
|
msgstr "servidores."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
|
|
msgid "Rust fits in the same area as C++:"
|
|
msgstr "Rust satisface las mismas necesidades que C++:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
|
|
msgid "High flexibility."
|
|
msgstr "Gran flexibilidad."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
|
|
msgid "High level of control."
|
|
msgstr "Nivel alto de control."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Can be scaled down to very constrained devices such as microcontrollers."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Se puede reducir verticalmente a dispositivos muy limitados, como los "
|
|
"microcontroladores."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
|
|
msgid "Has no runtime or garbage collection."
|
|
msgstr "No tiene _runtime_ ni _garbage collection_."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/what-is-rust.md
|
|
msgid "Focuses on reliability and safety without sacrificing performance."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Se centra en la fiabilidad y la seguridad sin sacrificar el rendimiento."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/hello-world.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Let us jump into the simplest possible Rust program, a classic Hello World "
|
|
"program:"
|
|
msgstr "Vamos a hablar del programa Rust más simple, un clásico Hola Mundo:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/hello-world.md
|
|
msgid "\"Hello 🌍!\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Hola, 🌍\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/hello-world.md
|
|
msgid "What you see:"
|
|
msgstr "Lo que ves:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/hello-world.md
|
|
msgid "Functions are introduced with `fn`."
|
|
msgstr "Las funciones se introducen con `fn`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/hello-world.md
|
|
msgid "Blocks are delimited by curly braces like in C and C++."
|
|
msgstr "Los bloques se delimitan con llaves, como en C y C++."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/hello-world.md
|
|
msgid "The `main` function is the entry point of the program."
|
|
msgstr "La función `main` es el punto de entrada del programa."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/hello-world.md
|
|
msgid "Rust has hygienic macros, `println!` is an example of this."
|
|
msgstr "Rust tiene macros higiénicas, como por ejemplo `println!`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/hello-world.md
|
|
msgid "Rust strings are UTF-8 encoded and can contain any Unicode character."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Las cadenas de Rust están codificadas en UTF-8 y pueden contener caracteres "
|
|
"Unicode."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/hello-world.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This slide tries to make the students comfortable with Rust code. They will "
|
|
"see a ton of it over the next four days so we start small with something "
|
|
"familiar."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Con esta diapositiva se intenta que los alumnos se sientan cómodos con el "
|
|
"código de Rust. En los próximos tres días lo verán mucho, así que "
|
|
"empezaremos con algo que ya conocemos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/hello-world.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust is very much like other languages in the C/C++/Java tradition. It is "
|
|
"imperative and it doesn't try to reinvent things unless absolutely necessary."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust es muy similar a otros lenguajes, como C, C++ o Java. Es imperativo y "
|
|
"no intenta reinventar las cosas a menos que sea absolutamente necesario."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/hello-world.md
|
|
msgid "Rust is modern with full support for things like Unicode."
|
|
msgstr "Rust es moderno y totalmente compatible con sistemas como Unicode."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/hello-world.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust uses macros for situations where you want to have a variable number of "
|
|
"arguments (no function [overloading](../control-flow-basics/functions.md))."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust utiliza macros en situaciones en las que se desea tener un número "
|
|
"variable de argumentos (sin [sobrecarga](basic-syntax/functions-interlude."
|
|
"md) de funciones)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/hello-world.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Macros being 'hygienic' means they don't accidentally capture identifiers "
|
|
"from the scope they are used in. Rust macros are actually only [partially "
|
|
"hygienic](https://veykril.github.io/tlborm/decl-macros/minutiae/hygiene."
|
|
"html)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Que las macros sean 'higiénicas' significa que no capturan "
|
|
"accidentalmenteidentificadores del ámbito en el que se utilizan. En "
|
|
"realidad, las macros de Rust solo son [parcialmente higiénicas](https://"
|
|
"veykril.github.io/tlborm/decl-macros/minutiae/hygiene.html)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/hello-world.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust is multi-paradigm. For example, it has powerful [object-oriented "
|
|
"programming features](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch17-00-oop.html), and, "
|
|
"while it is not a functional language, it includes a range of [functional "
|
|
"concepts](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch13-00-functional-features.html)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust es un lenguaje multiparadigma. Por ejemplo, cuenta con [funciones de "
|
|
"programación orientadas a objetos](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch17-00-"
|
|
"oop.html) y, aunque no es un lenguaje funcional, incluye una serie de "
|
|
"[conceptos funcionales](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch13-00-functional-"
|
|
"features.html)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
|
|
msgid "Some unique selling points of Rust:"
|
|
msgstr "Estas son algunas de las ventajas competitivas de Rust:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"_Compile time memory safety_ - whole classes of memory bugs are prevented at "
|
|
"compile time"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"_Seguridad de la memoria durante el tiempo de compilación:_ se evitan clases "
|
|
"completas de errores de memoria durante el tiempo de compilación"
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
|
|
msgid "No uninitialized variables."
|
|
msgstr "No hay variables no inicializadas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
|
|
msgid "No double-frees."
|
|
msgstr "No hay errores double free."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
|
|
msgid "No use-after-free."
|
|
msgstr "No hay errores use-after-free."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
|
|
msgid "No `NULL` pointers."
|
|
msgstr "No hay punteros `NULL`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
|
|
msgid "No forgotten locked mutexes."
|
|
msgstr "No se olvidan las exclusiones mutuas bloqueadas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
|
|
msgid "No data races between threads."
|
|
msgstr "No hay condiciones de carrera de datos entre hilos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
|
|
msgid "No iterator invalidation."
|
|
msgstr "No se invalidan los iteradores."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"_No undefined runtime behavior_ - what a Rust statement does is never left "
|
|
"unspecified"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"_No hay comportamientos indefinidos en el tiempo de ejecución:_ es decir, "
|
|
"una instrucción de Rust nunca queda sin especificar"
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
|
|
msgid "Array access is bounds checked."
|
|
msgstr "Se comprueban los límites de acceso a los arrays."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
|
|
msgid "Integer overflow is defined (panic or wrap-around)."
|
|
msgstr "Se define el desbordamiento de enteros (_panic_ o _wrap-around_)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"_Modern language features_ - as expressive and ergonomic as higher-level "
|
|
"languages"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"_Características de los lenguajes modernos:_ es tan expresivo y ergonómico "
|
|
"como los lenguajes de nivel superior"
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
|
|
msgid "Enums and pattern matching."
|
|
msgstr "Enumeraciones (_Enums_) y coincidencia de patrones."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
|
|
msgid "Generics."
|
|
msgstr "Genéricos"
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
|
|
msgid "No overhead FFI."
|
|
msgstr "Sin _overhead_ de FFI."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
|
|
msgid "Zero-cost abstractions."
|
|
msgstr "Abstracciones sin coste."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
|
|
msgid "Great compiler errors."
|
|
msgstr "Excelentes errores de compilación."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
|
|
msgid "Built-in dependency manager."
|
|
msgstr "Gestor de dependencias integrado."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
|
|
msgid "Built-in support for testing."
|
|
msgstr "Asistencia integrada para pruebas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
|
|
msgid "Excellent Language Server Protocol support."
|
|
msgstr "Compatibilidad excelente con el protocolo del servidor de lenguaje."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Do not spend much time here. All of these points will be covered in more "
|
|
"depth later."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"No le dediques mucho tiempo a este punto. Todos estos aspectos se tratarán "
|
|
"de forma más detallada más adelante."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Make sure to ask the class which languages they have experience with. "
|
|
"Depending on the answer you can highlight different features of Rust:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Asegúrate de preguntar a la clase en qué lenguajes tienen experiencia. "
|
|
"Dependiendo de la respuesta puedes destacar diferentes características de "
|
|
"Rust:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Experience with C or C++: Rust eliminates a whole class of _runtime errors_ "
|
|
"via the borrow checker. You get performance like in C and C++, but you don't "
|
|
"have the memory unsafety issues. In addition, you get a modern language with "
|
|
"constructs like pattern matching and built-in dependency management."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Experiencia con C o C++: Rust elimina una clase completa de _errores de "
|
|
"runtime_ mediante el _borrow checker_. Obtienes un rendimiento similar al de "
|
|
"C y C++, pero no tienes problemas de seguridad en la memoria. Además, "
|
|
"obtienes un lenguaje moderno con elementos como la coincidencia de patrones "
|
|
"y la gestión de dependencias integrado."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/benefits.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Experience with Java, Go, Python, JavaScript...: You get the same memory "
|
|
"safety as in those languages, plus a similar high-level language feeling. In "
|
|
"addition you get fast and predictable performance like C and C++ (no garbage "
|
|
"collector) as well as access to low-level hardware (should you need it)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Experiencia con Java, Go, Python, JavaScript, etc.: Consigues la misma "
|
|
"seguridad en la memoria que en éstos lenguajes, además de una sensación "
|
|
"similar a la de un lenguaje de alto nivel. También consigues un rendimiento "
|
|
"rápido y predecible como en C y C++ (sin recolector de memoria residual), "
|
|
"así como acceso a hardware de bajo nivel (si lo necesitas)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/playground.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The [Rust Playground](https://play.rust-lang.org/) provides an easy way to "
|
|
"run short Rust programs, and is the basis for the examples and exercises in "
|
|
"this course. Try running the \"hello-world\" program it starts with. It "
|
|
"comes with a few handy features:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El [playground de Rust](https://play.rust-lang.org/) ofrece una forma "
|
|
"sencilla de ejecutar programas cortos de Rust y es la base de los ejemplos y "
|
|
"ejercicios de este curso. Prueba a ejecutar el programa \"hello-world\" con "
|
|
"el que empieza. Incluye algunas funciones útiles:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/playground.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Under \"Tools\", use the `rustfmt` option to format your code in the "
|
|
"\"standard\" way."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En \"Tools\", usa la opción `rustfmt` para dar formato al código de forma "
|
|
"\"estándar\"."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/playground.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust has two main \"profiles\" for generating code: Debug (extra runtime "
|
|
"checks, less optimization) and Release (fewer runtime checks, lots of "
|
|
"optimization). These are accessible under \"Debug\" at the top."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust cuenta con dos \"perfiles\" principales para generar código: Debug "
|
|
"(comprobaciones adicionales del tiempo de ejecución, menor optimización) y "
|
|
"Release (menos comprobaciones del tiempo de ejecución y mayor optimización). "
|
|
"Puedes acceder a ellos haciendo clic en \"Debug\", en la parte superior."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/playground.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If you're interested, use \"ASM\" under \"...\" to see the generated "
|
|
"assembly code."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si te interesa, utiliza la opción \"ASM\" en \"...\" para ver el código de "
|
|
"ensamblado que se ha generado."
|
|
|
|
#: src/hello-world/playground.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"As students head into the break, encourage them to open up the playground "
|
|
"and experiment a little. Encourage them to keep the tab open and try things "
|
|
"out during the rest of the course. This is particularly helpful for advanced "
|
|
"students who want to know more about Rust's optimizations or generated "
|
|
"assembly."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Cuando sea la hora del descanso, anima a los asistentes a abrir el "
|
|
"playground para que experimenten un poco. Hazles saber que pueden mantener "
|
|
"la pestaña abierta y probar cosas durante el resto del curso. Resulta "
|
|
"especialmente útil para los participantes con un nivel avanzado que quieran "
|
|
"obtener más información sobre las optimizaciones o el ensamblaje generado de "
|
|
"Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values.md
|
|
msgid "[Variables](./types-and-values/variables.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Variables](./types-and-values/variables.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values.md
|
|
msgid "[Values](./types-and-values/values.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Valores](./types-and-values/values.md) (10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values.md
|
|
msgid "[Arithmetic](./types-and-values/arithmetic.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Aritmética](./types-and-values/arithmetic.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values.md
|
|
msgid "[Strings](./types-and-values/strings.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Cadenas](./types-and-values/strings.md) (10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values.md
|
|
msgid "[Type Inference](./types-and-values/inference.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Inferencia de tipos](./types-and-values/inference.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values.md
|
|
msgid "[Exercise: Fibonacci](./types-and-values/exercise.md) (30 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Ejercicio: Fibonacci](./types-and-values/exercise.md) (30 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values.md src/testing.md src/unsafe-rust.md
|
|
msgid "This segment should take about 1 hour and 5 minutes"
|
|
msgstr "Esta sección tiene una duración aproximada de 1 hora y 5 minutos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/variables.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust provides type safety via static typing. Variable bindings are made with "
|
|
"`let`:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust ofrece seguridad de tipos mediante tipado estático. De forma "
|
|
"predeterminada, los enlaces a variables son inmutables:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/variables.md src/control-flow-basics/loops.md
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md
|
|
msgid "\"x: {x}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"x: {x}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/variables.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// x = 20;\n"
|
|
" // println!(\"x: {x}\");\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// x = 20;\n"
|
|
" // println!(\"x: {x}\");\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/variables.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Uncomment the `x = 20` to demonstrate that variables are immutable by "
|
|
"default. Add the `mut` keyword to allow changes."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Elimina el comentario de `x = 20` para demostrar que las variables son "
|
|
"inmutables de forma predeterminada. Añade la palabra clave `mut` para que se "
|
|
"puedan hacer cambios."
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/variables.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `i32` here is the type of the variable. This must be known at compile "
|
|
"time, but type inference (covered later) allows the programmer to omit it in "
|
|
"many cases."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En este ejemplo, `i32` es el tipo de la variable. Se debe conocer durante el "
|
|
"tiempo de compilación, pero la inferencia de tipos (véase más adelante) "
|
|
"permite al programador omitirla en muchos casos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/values.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Here are some basic built-in types, and the syntax for literal values of "
|
|
"each type."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"A continuación, se muestran algunos tipos integrados básicos, así como la "
|
|
"sintaxis de los valores literales de cada tipo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/values.md src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "Types"
|
|
msgstr "Tipos"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/values.md src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md
|
|
msgid "Literals"
|
|
msgstr "Literales"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/values.md
|
|
msgid "Signed integers"
|
|
msgstr "Enteros con signo"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/values.md
|
|
msgid "`i8`, `i16`, `i32`, `i64`, `i128`, `isize`"
|
|
msgstr "`i8`, `i16`, `i32`, `i64`, `i128`, `isize`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/values.md
|
|
msgid "`-10`, `0`, `1_000`, `123_i64`"
|
|
msgstr "`-10`, `0`, `1_000`, `123_i64`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/values.md
|
|
msgid "Unsigned integers"
|
|
msgstr "Enteros sin signo"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/values.md
|
|
msgid "`u8`, `u16`, `u32`, `u64`, `u128`, `usize`"
|
|
msgstr "`u8`, `u16`, `u32`, `u64`, `u128`, `usize`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/values.md
|
|
msgid "`0`, `123`, `10_u16`"
|
|
msgstr "`0`, `123`, `10_u16`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/values.md
|
|
msgid "Floating point numbers"
|
|
msgstr "Números de coma flotante"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/values.md
|
|
msgid "`f32`, `f64`"
|
|
msgstr "`f32`, `f64`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/values.md
|
|
msgid "`3.14`, `-10.0e20`, `2_f32`"
|
|
msgstr "`3.14`, `-10.0e20`, `2_f32`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/values.md
|
|
msgid "Unicode scalar values"
|
|
msgstr "Valores escalares Unicode"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/values.md
|
|
msgid "`char`"
|
|
msgstr "`char`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/values.md
|
|
msgid "`'a'`, `'α'`, `'∞'`"
|
|
msgstr "`'a'`, `'α'`, `'∞'`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/values.md
|
|
msgid "Booleans"
|
|
msgstr "Booleanos"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/values.md
|
|
msgid "`bool`"
|
|
msgstr "`bool`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/values.md
|
|
msgid "`true`, `false`"
|
|
msgstr "`true`, `false`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/values.md
|
|
msgid "The types have widths as follows:"
|
|
msgstr "Los tipos tienen la siguiente anchura:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/values.md
|
|
msgid "`iN`, `uN`, and `fN` are _N_ bits wide,"
|
|
msgstr "`iN`, `uN`, and `fN` son _N_ bits de capacidad,"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/values.md
|
|
msgid "`isize` and `usize` are the width of a pointer,"
|
|
msgstr "`isize` y `usize` tienen el ancho de un puntero,"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/values.md
|
|
msgid "`char` is 32 bits wide,"
|
|
msgstr "`char` tiene un tamaño de 32 bits,"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/values.md
|
|
msgid "`bool` is 8 bits wide."
|
|
msgstr "`bool` tiene 8 bits de ancho."
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/values.md
|
|
msgid "There are a few syntaxes which are not shown above:"
|
|
msgstr "Hay algunas sintaxis que no se han mostrado anteriormente:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/values.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"All underscores in numbers can be left out, they are for legibility only. So "
|
|
"`1_000` can be written as `1000` (or `10_00`), and `123_i64` can be written "
|
|
"as `123i64`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Todos guiones bajos en los números pueden no utilizarse, ya que solo sirven "
|
|
"para facilitar la lectura. Por lo tanto, `1_000` se puede escribir como "
|
|
"`1000` (o `10_00`), y `123_i64` se puede escribir como `123i64`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md
|
|
msgid "\"result: {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"resultado: {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This is the first time we've seen a function other than `main`, but the "
|
|
"meaning should be clear: it takes three integers, and returns an integer. "
|
|
"Functions will be covered in more detail later."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Es la primera vez que vemos una función distinta a `main`, pero el "
|
|
"significado debería quedar claro: utiliza tres números enteros y devuelve "
|
|
"uno. Más adelante, hablaremos sobre las funciones con más profundidad."
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md
|
|
msgid "Arithmetic is very similar to other languages, with similar precedence."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La aritmética es muy similar a otros idiomas, al igual que su precedencia."
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"What about integer overflow? In C and C++ overflow of _signed_ integers is "
|
|
"actually undefined, and might do different things on different platforms or "
|
|
"compilers. In Rust, it's defined."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"¿Qué pasa con el desbordamiento de enteros? En C y C++, el desbordamiento de "
|
|
"números enteros _con signo_ no está definido y se pueden llevar a cabo "
|
|
"distintas acciones en diferentes plataformas o compiladores. En Rust sí está "
|
|
"definido."
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Change the `i32`'s to `i16` to see an integer overflow, which panics "
|
|
"(checked) in a debug build and wraps in a release build. There are other "
|
|
"options, such as overflowing, saturating, and carrying. These are accessed "
|
|
"with method syntax, e.g., `(a * b).saturating_add(b * c).saturating_add(c * "
|
|
"a)`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Cambia el `i32` a `i16` para observar un desbordamiento de un número entero, "
|
|
"lo que da error (pánico) en una versión de depuración, pero lo envuelve en "
|
|
"una compilación de lanzamiento. Hay otras opciones disponibles, como el "
|
|
"desbordamiento, la saturación y el acarreo, a las que se accede mediante la "
|
|
"sintaxis del método, por ejemplo, `(a * b).saturating_add(b * c)."
|
|
"saturating_add(c * a)`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/arithmetic.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In fact, the compiler will detect overflow of constant expressions, which is "
|
|
"why the example requires a separate function."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"De hecho, el compilador detectará si existe un desbordamiento de expresiones "
|
|
"constantes, por ello el ejemplo requiere una función independiente."
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/strings.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust has two types to represent strings, both of which will be covered in "
|
|
"more depth later. Both _always_ store UTF-8 encoded strings."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En Rust hay dos tipos para representar cadenas, de los que hablaremos con "
|
|
"detenimiento más adelante. Ambos tipos _siempre_ almacenan cadenas "
|
|
"codificadas en UTF-8."
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/strings.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "`String` - a modifiable, owned string."
|
|
msgstr "`String` es un búfer de cadena mutable."
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/strings.md
|
|
msgid "`&str` - a read-only string. String literals have this type."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`&str`: es una cadena de solo lectura. Los literales de cadena son de este "
|
|
"tipo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/strings.md
|
|
msgid "\"Greetings\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Saludos\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/strings.md
|
|
msgid "\"🪐\""
|
|
msgstr "\"🪐\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/strings.md
|
|
msgid "\", \""
|
|
msgstr "\", \""
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/strings.md
|
|
msgid "\"final sentence: {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"frase final: {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/strings.md src/async/control-flow/join.md
|
|
msgid "\"{:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/strings.md
|
|
msgid "//println!(\"{:?}\", &sentence[12..13]);\n"
|
|
msgstr "//println!(\"{:?}\", &sentence[12..13]);\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/strings.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This slide introduces strings. Everything here will be covered in more depth "
|
|
"later, but this is enough for subsequent slides and exercises to use strings."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En esta diapositiva se presentan las cadenas. Más adelante hablaremos de "
|
|
"todo lo relacionado con este tema, pero esta información es suficiente para "
|
|
"que se puedan usar cadenas en las diapositivas y ejercicios que vienen a "
|
|
"continuación."
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/strings.md
|
|
msgid "Invalid UTF-8 in a string is UB, and this not allowed in safe Rust."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La codificación UTF-8 no válida en una cadena tiene comportamiento "
|
|
"indefinido y no es compatible con Rust seguro."
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/strings.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`String` is a user-defined type with a constructor (`::new()`) and methods "
|
|
"like `s.push_str(..)`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`String` es un tipo definido por el usuario con un constructor (`::new()`) y "
|
|
"métodos como `s.push_str(..)`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/strings.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `&` in `&str` indicates that this is a reference. We will cover "
|
|
"references later, so for now just think of `&str` as a unit meaning \"a read-"
|
|
"only string\"."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La `&` en `&str` indica que se trata de una referencia. Más adelante "
|
|
"hablaremos de las referencias, por el momento solo es necesario saber que "
|
|
"`&str` es una unidad que significa \"cadena de solo lectura\"."
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/strings.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The commented-out line is indexing into the string by byte position. "
|
|
"`12..13` does not end on a character boundary, so the program panics. Adjust "
|
|
"it to a range that does, based on the error message."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La línea marcada como comentario se indexa en la cadena por posición de "
|
|
"byte. `12..13` no termina en el límite de un carácter, por lo que el "
|
|
"programa da error. Ajusta el intervalo en función del mensaje de error."
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/strings.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Raw strings allow you to create a `&str` value with escapes disabled: "
|
|
"`r\"\\n\" == \"\\\\n\"`. You can embed double-quotes by using an equal "
|
|
"amount of `#` on either side of the quotes:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Las cadenas sin formato te permiten crear un valor `&str` con los escapes "
|
|
"inhabilitados: `r\"\\n\" == \"\\\\n\"`. Puedes insertar comillas dobles con "
|
|
"la misma cantidad de `#` a cada lado de ellas:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/inference.md
|
|
msgid "Rust will look at how the variable is _used_ to determine the type:"
|
|
msgstr "Rust consultará cómo se _usa_ la variable para determinar el tipo:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/inference.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This slide demonstrates how the Rust compiler infers types based on "
|
|
"constraints given by variable declarations and usages."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Esta diapositiva muestra cómo el compilador de Rust infiere tipos basándose "
|
|
"en restricciones proporcionadas por declaraciones y usos de variables."
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/inference.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"It is very important to emphasize that variables declared like this are not "
|
|
"of some sort of dynamic \"any type\" that can hold any data. The machine "
|
|
"code generated by such declaration is identical to the explicit declaration "
|
|
"of a type. The compiler does the job for us and helps us write more concise "
|
|
"code."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Es muy importante subrayar que las variables que se declaran así no son de "
|
|
"un \"tipo cualquiera\" dinámico que pueda contener cualquier dato. El código "
|
|
"máquina generado por tal declaración es idéntico a la declaración explícita "
|
|
"de un tipo. El compilador hace el trabajo por nosotros y nos ayuda a "
|
|
"escribir código más conciso."
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/inference.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"When nothing constrains the type of an integer literal, Rust defaults to "
|
|
"`i32`. This sometimes appears as `{integer}` in error messages. Similarly, "
|
|
"floating-point literals default to `f64`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Cuando ningún elemento restringe el tipo de un literal entero, Rust lo "
|
|
"define de forma predeterminada como `i32`. A veces aparece como `{integer}` "
|
|
"en los mensajes de error. Del mismo modo, los literales de punto flotante se "
|
|
"definen como `f64` de forma predeterminada."
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/inference.md
|
|
msgid "// ERROR: no implementation for `{float} == {integer}`\n"
|
|
msgstr "// ERROR: no hay implementación para `{float} == {integer}`\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The first and second Fibonacci numbers are both `1`. For n>2, the n'th "
|
|
"Fibonacci number is calculated recursively as the sum of the n-1'th and "
|
|
"n-2'th Fibonacci numbers."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El primer número de Fibonacci y el segundo son `1`. Para n>2, el número de "
|
|
"Fibonacci en la posición n se calcula de forma recursiva como la suma de los "
|
|
"números de Fibonacci n-1 y n-2'"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Write a function `fib(n)` that calculates the n'th Fibonacci number. When "
|
|
"will this function panic?"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Escribe una función `fib(n)` que calcule el número n de Fibonacci. ¿Cuándo "
|
|
"da error pánico esta función?"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "// The base case.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// El caso base.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/exercise.md src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "\"Implement this\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Implementar esto\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "// The recursive case.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// El caso recursivo.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/types-and-values/exercise.md src/types-and-values/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"fib(n) = {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"fib(n) = {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics.md
|
|
msgid "[Conditionals](./control-flow-basics/conditionals.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Condicionales](./control-flow-basics/conditionals.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics.md
|
|
msgid "[Loops](./control-flow-basics/loops.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Bucles](./control-flow-basics/loops.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[break and continue](./control-flow-basics/break-continue.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[break y continue](./control-flow-basics/break-continue.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Blocks and Scopes](./control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Bloques y ámbitos (scopes)](./control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md) (10 "
|
|
"minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics.md
|
|
msgid "[Functions](./control-flow-basics/functions.md) (3 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Funciones](./control-flow-basics/functions.md) (3 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics.md
|
|
msgid "[Macros](./control-flow-basics/macros.md) (2 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Macros](./control-flow-basics/macros.md) (2 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Exercise: Collatz Sequence](./control-flow-basics/exercise.md) (30 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Ejercicio: secuencia de Collatz](./control-flow-basics/exercise.md) (30 "
|
|
"minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics.md src/tuples-and-arrays.md src/borrowing.md
|
|
msgid "This segment should take about 1 hour"
|
|
msgstr "Esta sección tiene una duración aproximada de 1 hora"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md
|
|
msgid "Much of the Rust syntax will be familiar to you from C, C++ or Java:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Gran parte de la sintaxis de Rust te resultará familiar de C, C++ o Java:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md
|
|
msgid "Blocks are delimited by curly braces."
|
|
msgstr "Los bloques están delimitados por llaves."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Line comments are started with `//`, block comments are delimited by `/* ... "
|
|
"*/`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los comentarios de línea empiezan por `//`, mientras que los comentarios de "
|
|
"bloque están delimitados por `/* ... */`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md
|
|
msgid "Keywords like `if` and `while` work the same."
|
|
msgstr "Palabras clave como `if` y `while` funcionan igual."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md
|
|
msgid "Variable assignment is done with `=`, comparison is done with `==`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La asignación de variables se realiza con `=` y la comparación con `==`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md
|
|
msgid "`if` expressions"
|
|
msgstr "Expresiones `if`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You use [`if` expressions](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/"
|
|
"if-expr.html#if-expressions) exactly like `if` statements in other languages:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Puedes usar [expresiones `if`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/"
|
|
"expressions/if-expr.html#if-expressions) de la misma forma que en otros "
|
|
"lenguajes:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md
|
|
msgid "\"small\""
|
|
msgstr "\"pequeño\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md
|
|
msgid "\"biggish\""
|
|
msgstr "\"muy grande\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md
|
|
msgid "\"huge\""
|
|
msgstr "\"enorme\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In addition, you can use `if` as an expression. The last expression of each "
|
|
"block becomes the value of the `if` expression:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Además, puedes utilizar `if` como expresión. La última expresión de cada "
|
|
"bloque se convierte en el valor de la expresión `if`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md
|
|
msgid "\"large\""
|
|
msgstr "\"grande\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md
|
|
msgid "\"number size: {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"tamaño del número: {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Because `if` is an expression and must have a particular type, both of its "
|
|
"branch blocks must have the same type. Show what happens if you add `;` "
|
|
"after `\"small\"` in the second example."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Dado que `if` es una expresión y debe tener un tipo concreto, ambos bloques "
|
|
"de ramas deben tener el mismo tipo. En el segundo ejemplo, puedes mostrar lo "
|
|
"que sucede al añadir `;` después de `x / 2`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/conditionals.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"When `if` is used in an expression, the expression must have a `;` to "
|
|
"separate it from the next statement. Remove the `;` before `println!` to see "
|
|
"the compiler error."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Cuando se utiliza `if` en una expresión, esta debe tener un `;` para "
|
|
"separarla de la siguiente instrucción. Elimina `;` antes de `println!` para "
|
|
"ver el error del compilador."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md
|
|
msgid "There are three looping keywords in Rust: `while`, `loop`, and `for`:"
|
|
msgstr "Hay tres palabras clave de bucle en Rust: `while`, `loop` y `for`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "`while`"
|
|
msgstr "Bucles `while`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The [`while` keyword](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/loop-"
|
|
"expr.html#predicate-loops) works much like in other languages, executing the "
|
|
"loop body as long as the condition is true."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La [palabra clave `while`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/"
|
|
"loop-expr.html#predicate-loops) es muy similar a otros lenguajes:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md
|
|
msgid "\"Final x: {x}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"x final: {x}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "`for`"
|
|
msgstr "Bucles `for`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The [`for` loop](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/keyword.for.html) iterates "
|
|
"over ranges of values:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[`Drop`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Drop.html) se usa para "
|
|
"definir destructores."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md
|
|
msgid "`loop`"
|
|
msgstr "`loop`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The [`loop` statement](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/keyword.loop.html) just "
|
|
"loops forever, until a `break`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[`Drop`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Drop.html) se usa para "
|
|
"definir destructores."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md
|
|
msgid "\"{i}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{i}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"We will discuss iteration later; for now, just stick to range expressions."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Hablaremos de la iteración más adelante. Por el momento, céntrate en las "
|
|
"expresiones de intervalo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/loops.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Note that the `for` loop only iterates to `4`. Show the `1..=5` syntax for "
|
|
"an inclusive range."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ten en cuenta que el bucle `for` solo se itera en `4`. Muestra la sintaxis "
|
|
"`1..=5` para un intervalo inclusivo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If you want to exit any kind of loop early, use [`break`](https://doc.rust-"
|
|
"lang.org/reference/expressions/loop-expr.html#break-expressions). For "
|
|
"`loop`, this can take an optional expression that becomes the value of the "
|
|
"`loop` expression."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si quieres salir de un bucle antes, usa [`break`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/"
|
|
"reference/expressions/loop-expr.html#break-expressions)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If you want to immediately start the next iteration use [`continue`](https://"
|
|
"doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/loop-expr.html#continue-expressions)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si quieres iniciar inmediatamente la siguiente iteración, usa [`continue`]"
|
|
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/loop-expr.html#continue-"
|
|
"expressions)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md
|
|
msgid "\"{result}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{result}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Both `continue` and `break` can optionally take a label argument which is "
|
|
"used to break out of nested loops:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"De forma opcional, tanto `continue` como `break` pueden utilizar un "
|
|
"argumento de etiqueta para interrumpir los bucles anidados:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md
|
|
msgid "\"x: {x}, i: {i}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"x: {x}, i: {i}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In this case we break the outer loop after 3 iterations of the inner loop."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En este caso, detenemos el bucle exterior tras tres iteraciones del bucle "
|
|
"interno."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/break-continue.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Note that `loop` is the only looping construct which returns a non-trivial "
|
|
"value. This is because it's guaranteed to be entered at least once (unlike "
|
|
"`while` and `for` loops)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ten en cuenta que `loop` es la única construcción de bucle que devuelve un "
|
|
"valor no trivial. Esto se debe a que es inevitable que se introduzca al "
|
|
"menos una vez (a diferencia de los bucles `while` y `for`)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md
|
|
msgid "Blocks"
|
|
msgstr "Bloques"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A block in Rust contains a sequence of expressions, enclosed by braces `{}`. "
|
|
"Each block has a value and a type, which are those of the last expression of "
|
|
"the block:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En Rust, un bloque contiene una secuencia de expresiones. Cada bloque tiene "
|
|
"un tipo y un valor, que son los de la última expresión del bloque:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md
|
|
msgid "\"y: {y}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"y: {y}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If the last expression ends with `;`, then the resulting value and type is "
|
|
"`()`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si la última expresión termina con `;`, el tipo y el valor resultante será "
|
|
"`()`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md
|
|
msgid "Scopes and Shadowing"
|
|
msgstr "Ámbitos y _Shadowing_"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md
|
|
msgid "A variable's scope is limited to the enclosing block."
|
|
msgstr "El ámbito de una variable se limita al bloque que la contiene."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You can shadow variables, both those from outer scopes and variables from "
|
|
"the same scope:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Puedes sombrear variables, tanto las de ámbitos externos como las del propio "
|
|
"ámbito:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md
|
|
msgid "\"before: {a}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"antes: {a}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md src/std-traits/from-and-into.md
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"hello\""
|
|
msgstr "\"hola\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md
|
|
msgid "\"inner scope: {a}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"ámbito interno: {a}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md
|
|
msgid "\"shadowed in inner scope: {a}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"sombreado en el ámbito interno: {a}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md
|
|
msgid "\"after: {a}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"después: {a}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You can show how the value of the block changes by changing the last line in "
|
|
"the block. For instance, adding/removing a semicolon or using a `return`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Puedes mostrar cómo cambia el valor del bloque cambiando su última línea. "
|
|
"Por ejemplo, añade o quita un punto y coma, o utiliza la expresión `return`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Show that a variable's scope is limited by adding a `b` in the inner block "
|
|
"in the last example, and then trying to access it outside that block."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Para demostrar que el ámbito de una variable está limitado, añade una `b` en "
|
|
"el bloque interno del último ejemplo y, a continuación, intenta acceder a "
|
|
"ella desde fuera de ese bloque."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Shadowing is different from mutation, because after shadowing both "
|
|
"variable's memory locations exist at the same time. Both are available under "
|
|
"the same name, depending where you use it in the code."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Definición: _Shadowing_ (sombreado) es distinto de la mutación, ya que, "
|
|
"después de sombrear la memoria de las dos variables, las ubicaciones existen "
|
|
"al mismo tiempo. Ambas están disponibles bajo el mismo nombre, en función de "
|
|
"dónde se utiliza en el código. "
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "A shadowing variable can have a different type."
|
|
msgstr "Una variable sombreada puede tener un tipo diferente. "
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/blocks-and-scopes.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Shadowing looks obscure at first, but is convenient for holding on to values "
|
|
"after `.unwrap()`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Al principio, el sombreado no es fácil, pero resulta útil para conservar "
|
|
"valores después de `.unwrap()`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/functions.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Declaration parameters are followed by a type (the reverse of some "
|
|
"programming languages), then a return type."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los parámetros de declaración van seguidos de un tipo (al contrario que en "
|
|
"algunos lenguajes de programación) y, a continuación, de un tipo de "
|
|
"resultado devuelto."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/functions.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The last expression in a function body (or any block) becomes the return "
|
|
"value. Simply omit the `;` at the end of the expression. The `return` "
|
|
"keyword can be used for early return, but the \"bare value\" form is "
|
|
"idiomatic at the end of a function (refactor `gcd` to use a `return`)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La última expresión del cuerpo de una función (o de cualquier bloque) se "
|
|
"convierte en el valor devuelto. Basta con omitir el carácter `;` al final de "
|
|
"la expresión."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/functions.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Some functions have no return value, and return the 'unit type', `()`. The "
|
|
"compiler will infer this if the `-> ()` return type is omitted."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Algunas funciones no devuelven ningún valor, devuelven el \"tipo unitario\", "
|
|
"`()`. El compilador deducirá esto si se omite el tipo de retorno `-> ()`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/functions.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Overloading is not supported -- each function has a single implementation."
|
|
msgstr "Cada función tiene una única implementación:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/functions.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Always takes a fixed number of parameters. Default arguments are not "
|
|
"supported. Macros can be used to support variadic functions."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Siempre toma un número fijo de parámetros. No se admiten argumentos "
|
|
"predeterminados. Las macros se pueden utilizar para admitir funciones "
|
|
"variádicas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/functions.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Always takes a single set of parameter types. These types can be generic, "
|
|
"which will be covered later."
|
|
msgstr "Siempre se utiliza un único conjunto de tipos de parámetros."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Macros are expanded into Rust code during compilation, and can take a "
|
|
"variable number of arguments. They are distinguished by a `!` at the end. "
|
|
"The Rust standard library includes an assortment of useful macros."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Las macros se amplían a código de Rust durante la compilación y pueden "
|
|
"adoptar un número variable de argumentos. Se distinguen por utilizar un "
|
|
"símbolo `!` al final. La biblioteca estándar de Rust incluye una serie de "
|
|
"macros útiles."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`println!(format, ..)` prints a line to standard output, applying formatting "
|
|
"described in [`std::fmt`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/index.html)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La sobrecarga de operadores se implementa mediante _traits_ en [`std::ops`]"
|
|
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/index.html):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`format!(format, ..)` works just like `println!` but returns the result as a "
|
|
"string."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`format!(format, ..)` funciona igual que `println!`, pero devuelve el "
|
|
"resultado en forma de cadena."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md
|
|
msgid "`dbg!(expression)` logs the value of the expression and returns it."
|
|
msgstr "`dbg!(expression)` registra el valor de la expresión y lo devuelve."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`todo!()` marks a bit of code as not-yet-implemented. If executed, it will "
|
|
"panic."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`todo!()` marca un fragmento de código como no implementado todavía. Si se "
|
|
"ejecuta, activará un error pánico."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`unreachable!()` marks a bit of code as unreachable. If executed, it will "
|
|
"panic."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`unreachable!()` marca un fragmento de código como inaccesible. Si se "
|
|
"ejecuta, activará un error pánico."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md
|
|
msgid "\"{n}! = {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{n}! = {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The takeaway from this section is that these common conveniences exist, and "
|
|
"how to use them. Why they are defined as macros, and what they expand to, is "
|
|
"not especially critical."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El objetivo de esta sección es mostrar que existen estos elementos útiles y "
|
|
"cómo usarlos. Por qué se definen como macros y a qué se expanden no es muy "
|
|
"importante."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/macros.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The course does not cover defining macros, but a later section will describe "
|
|
"use of derive macros."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En el curso no se imparte la definición de macros, pero en una sección "
|
|
"posterior se describirá el uso de las macros de derivación."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The [Collatz Sequence](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collatz_conjecture) is "
|
|
"defined as follows, for an arbitrary n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La [secuencia de Collatz](https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/"
|
|
"Conjetura_de_Collatz) se define de la siguiente manera, para n arbitrario"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "1"
|
|
msgstr "12"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid " greater than zero:"
|
|
msgstr " mayor que cero:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "If _n"
|
|
msgstr "Si _n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "i"
|
|
msgstr "i"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "_ is 1, then the sequence terminates at _n"
|
|
msgstr "_ es 1, la secuencia termina en _n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "_."
|
|
msgstr "_."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "_ is even, then _n"
|
|
msgstr "_ es par, entonces _n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "i+1"
|
|
msgstr "i+1"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid " = n"
|
|
msgstr " = n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid " / 2_."
|
|
msgstr " / 2_."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "_ is odd, then _n"
|
|
msgstr "_ es impar, entonces _n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid " = 3 * n"
|
|
msgstr " = 3 * n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid " + 1_."
|
|
msgstr " + 1_."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "For example, beginning with _n"
|
|
msgstr "Por ejemplo, si empieza por _n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "_ = 3:"
|
|
msgstr "_ = 3:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "3 is odd, so _n"
|
|
msgstr "3 es impar, por lo que _n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "2"
|
|
msgstr "12"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "_ = 3 * 3 + 1 = 10;"
|
|
msgstr "_ = 3 * 3 + 1 = 10;"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "10 is even, so _n"
|
|
msgstr "10 es par, por lo que _n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "3"
|
|
msgstr "3"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "_ = 10 / 2 = 5;"
|
|
msgstr "_ = 10 / 2 = 5;"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "5 is odd, so _n"
|
|
msgstr "5 es impar, por lo que _n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "4"
|
|
msgstr "4"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "_ = 3 * 5 + 1 = 16;"
|
|
msgstr "_ = 3 * 5 + 1 = 16;"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "16 is even, so _n"
|
|
msgstr "16 es par, por lo que _n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "5"
|
|
msgstr "5"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "_ = 16 / 2 = 8;"
|
|
msgstr "_ = 16 / 2 = 8;"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "8 is even, so _n"
|
|
msgstr "8 es par, por lo que _n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "6"
|
|
msgstr "6"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "_ = 8 / 2 = 4;"
|
|
msgstr "_ = 8 / 2 = 4;"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "4 is even, so _n"
|
|
msgstr "4 es par, por lo que _n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "7"
|
|
msgstr "7"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "_ = 4 / 2 = 2;"
|
|
msgstr "_ = 4 / 2 = 2;"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "2 is even, so _n"
|
|
msgstr "2 es par, por lo que _n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "8"
|
|
msgstr "8"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "_ = 1; and"
|
|
msgstr "_ = 1; y"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "the sequence terminates."
|
|
msgstr "la secuencia finaliza."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Write a function to calculate the length of the collatz sequence for a given "
|
|
"initial `n`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Escribe una función para calcular la longitud de la secuencia de Collatz "
|
|
"para un número `n` inicial dado."
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/exercise.md src/control-flow-basics/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// Determine the length of the collatz sequence beginning at `n`.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"/// Determina la longitud de la secuencia de Collatz que empieza por `n`.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/control-flow-basics/solution.md src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md
|
|
msgid "\"Length: {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Longitud: {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1-afternoon.md src/welcome-day-2-afternoon.md
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-3-afternoon.md src/welcome-day-4-afternoon.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Welcome Back"
|
|
msgstr "Te damos la bienvenida"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "[Tuples and Arrays](./tuples-and-arrays.md) (1 hour)"
|
|
msgstr "[Tuplas y arrays](./tuples-and-arrays.md) (1 hora)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "[References](./references.md) (50 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Referencias](./references.md) (50 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "[User-Defined Types](./user-defined-types.md) (50 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Tipos definidos por el usuario](./user-definition-types.md) (50 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-1-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Including 10 minute breaks, this session should take about 2 hours and 55 "
|
|
"minutes"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Contando con los descansos de 10 minutos, la duración prevista de la sesión "
|
|
"es de unas 2 horas y 55 minutos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Tuples and Arrays](./tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Tuplas y arrays](./tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md) (10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays.md
|
|
msgid "[Array Iteration](./tuples-and-arrays/iteration.md) (3 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Iteración de arrays](./tuples-and-arrays/iteration.md) (3 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays.md
|
|
msgid "[Pattern Matching](./tuples-and-arrays/match.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Coincidencia de patrones](./tuples-and-arrays/match.md) (10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays.md
|
|
msgid "[Destructuring](./tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Desestructuración](./tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays.md
|
|
msgid "[Exercise: Nested Arrays](./tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md) (30 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Ejercicio: Arrays anidados](./tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md) (30 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Tuples and arrays are the first \"compound\" types we have seen. All "
|
|
"elements of an array have the same type, while tuples can accommodate "
|
|
"different types. Both types have a size fixed at compile time."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Las tuplas y los arrays son los primeros tipos \"compuestos\" que hemos "
|
|
"estudiado. Todos los elementos de un array tienen el mismo tipo, mientras "
|
|
"que las tuplas admiten distintos tipos. Ambos tipos tienen un tamaño fijo "
|
|
"durante el tiempo de compilación."
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md
|
|
msgid "Arrays"
|
|
msgstr "Arrays"
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md
|
|
msgid "`[T; N]`"
|
|
msgstr "`[T; N]`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md
|
|
msgid "`[20, 30, 40]`, `[0; 3]`"
|
|
msgstr "`[20, 30, 40]`, `[0; 3]`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md
|
|
msgid "Tuples"
|
|
msgstr "Tuplas"
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md
|
|
msgid "`()`, `(T,)`, `(T1, T2)`, ..."
|
|
msgstr "`()`, `(T,)`, `(T1, T2)`, ..."
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md
|
|
msgid "`()`, `('x',)`, `('x', 1.2)`, ..."
|
|
msgstr "`()`, `('x',)`, `('x', 1.2)`, ..."
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md
|
|
msgid "Array assignment and access:"
|
|
msgstr "Asignación y acceso a arrays:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md
|
|
msgid "Tuple assignment and access:"
|
|
msgstr "Asignación y acceso a tuplas:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md
|
|
msgid "Arrays:"
|
|
msgstr "Arrays:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A value of the array type `[T; N]` holds `N` (a compile-time constant) "
|
|
"elements of the same type `T`. Note that the length of the array is _part of "
|
|
"its type_, which means that `[u8; 3]` and `[u8; 4]` are considered two "
|
|
"different types. Slices, which have a size determined at runtime, are "
|
|
"covered later."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Un valor del tipo array `[T; N]` contiene `N` (una constante en tiempo de "
|
|
"compilación) elementos del mismo tipo `T`. Ten en cuenta que la longitud del "
|
|
"array es *parte de su tipo*, lo que significa que `[u8; 3]` y `[u8; 4]` se "
|
|
"consideran dos tipos diferentes."
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Try accessing an out-of-bounds array element. Array accesses are checked at "
|
|
"runtime. Rust can usually optimize these checks away, and they can be "
|
|
"avoided using unsafe Rust."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Prueba a acceder a un array que esté fuera de los límites. Los accesos a los "
|
|
"arrays se comprueban en el tiempo de ejecución. Rust suele optimizar estas "
|
|
"comprobaciones y se pueden evitar utilizando Rust inseguro."
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md
|
|
msgid "We can use literals to assign values to arrays."
|
|
msgstr "Podemos usar literales para asignar valores a arrays."
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `println!` macro asks for the debug implementation with the `?` format "
|
|
"parameter: `{}` gives the default output, `{:?}` gives the debug output. "
|
|
"Types such as integers and strings implement the default output, but arrays "
|
|
"only implement the debug output. This means that we must use debug output "
|
|
"here."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En la función _main_, la instrucción de impresión solicita la implementación "
|
|
"de depuración con el parámetro de formato `?`: `{}` ofrece la salida "
|
|
"predeterminada y `{:?}` ofrece la salida de depuración. También se podría "
|
|
"haber usado `{a}` y `{a:?}` sin especificar el valor después de la cadena de "
|
|
"formato."
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Adding `#`, eg `{a:#?}`, invokes a \"pretty printing\" format, which can be "
|
|
"easier to read."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si se añade `#`, por ejemplo `{a:#?}`, se da formato al texto para facilitar "
|
|
"la lectura."
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md
|
|
msgid "Tuples:"
|
|
msgstr "Tuplas:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md
|
|
msgid "Like arrays, tuples have a fixed length."
|
|
msgstr "Al igual que los arrays, las tuplas tienen una longitud fija."
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md
|
|
msgid "Tuples group together values of different types into a compound type."
|
|
msgstr "Las tuplas agrupan valores de diferentes tipos en un tipo compuesto."
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Fields of a tuple can be accessed by the period and the index of the value, "
|
|
"e.g. `t.0`, `t.1`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Se puede acceder a los campos de una tupla por el punto y el índice del "
|
|
"valor, por ejemplo, `t.0`, `t.1`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The empty tuple `()` is also known as the \"unit type\". It is both a type, "
|
|
"and the only valid value of that type --- that is to say both the type and "
|
|
"its value are expressed as `()`. It is used to indicate, for example, that a "
|
|
"function or expression has no return value, as we'll see in a future slide."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La tupla vacía `()` también se conoce como \"tipo unitario\". Es a la vez un "
|
|
"tipo y el único valor válido de ese tipo, es decir, tanto el tipo como su "
|
|
"valor se expresan como `()`. Se usa para indicar, por ejemplo, que una "
|
|
"función o expresión no tiene valor de retorno, como veremos en una "
|
|
"diapositiva posterior."
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/tuples-and-arrays.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You can think of it as `void` that can be familiar to you from other "
|
|
"programming languages."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Podríamos pensar en ello como `void`, que quizá resulte familiar de otros "
|
|
"lenguajes de programación."
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/iteration.md
|
|
msgid "The `for` statement supports iterating over arrays (but not tuples)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La instrucción `for` permite iterar sobre arrays, pero no sobre tuplas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/iteration.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This functionality uses the `IntoIterator` trait, but we haven't covered "
|
|
"that yet."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Esta función usa el trait `IntoIterator`, pero aún no lo hemos estudiado."
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/iteration.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `assert_ne!` macro is new here. There are also `assert_eq!` and `assert!"
|
|
"` macros. These are always checked while, debug-only variants like "
|
|
"`debug_assert!` compile to nothing in release builds."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La macro `assert_ne!` es nueva. También existen las macros `assert_eq!` y "
|
|
"`assert!`. Estas variantes siempre se comprueban mientras las variantes de "
|
|
"solo depuración, como `debug_assert!`, no compilan nada en las compilaciones "
|
|
"de lanzamiento."
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `match` keyword lets you match a value against one or more _patterns_. "
|
|
"The comparisons are done from top to bottom and the first match wins."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La palabra clave `match` te permite comparar un valor con uno o varios "
|
|
"_patrones_. Las comparaciones se hacen de arriba abajo y el primero que "
|
|
"coincida gana."
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md
|
|
msgid "The patterns can be simple values, similarly to `switch` in C and C++:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los patrones pueden ser valores simples, del mismo modo que `switch` en C y "
|
|
"C++:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md
|
|
msgid "'x'"
|
|
msgstr "'x'"
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md
|
|
msgid "'q'"
|
|
msgstr "'q'"
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md
|
|
msgid "\"Quitting\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Salir\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md src/std-traits/solution.md
|
|
#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md
|
|
msgid "'a'"
|
|
msgstr "'a'"
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md
|
|
msgid "'s'"
|
|
msgstr "'s'"
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md
|
|
msgid "'w'"
|
|
msgstr "'w'"
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md
|
|
msgid "'d'"
|
|
msgstr "'d'"
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md
|
|
msgid "\"Moving around\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Desplazarse\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md src/error-handling/exercise.md
|
|
#: src/error-handling/solution.md
|
|
msgid "'0'"
|
|
msgstr "'0'"
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md src/error-handling/exercise.md
|
|
#: src/error-handling/solution.md
|
|
msgid "'9'"
|
|
msgstr "'9'"
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md
|
|
msgid "\"Number input\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Introducción de números\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md
|
|
msgid "\"Lowercase: {key}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Minúscula: {key}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md
|
|
msgid "\"Something else\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Otro\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `_` pattern is a wildcard pattern which matches any value. The "
|
|
"expressions _must_ be irrefutable, meaning that it covers every possibility, "
|
|
"so `_` is often used as the final catch-all case."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`_` es un patrón comodín que coincide con cualquier valor. Las expresiones "
|
|
"_deben_ ser irrefutables, lo que significa que deben tener en cuenta todas "
|
|
"las posibilidades, por lo que `_` a menudo se usa como caso que atrapa todo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Match can be used as an expression. Just like `if`, each match arm must have "
|
|
"the same type. The type is the last expression of the block, if any. In the "
|
|
"example above, the type is `()`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Al igual que con `if let`, cada brazo de coincidencia debe ser del mismo "
|
|
"tipo. El tipo es la última expresión del bloque, si la hay. En el ejemplo "
|
|
"anterior, el tipo es `()`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A variable in the pattern (`key` in this example) will create a binding that "
|
|
"can be used within the match arm."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Una variable del patrón (en este ejemplo, `key`) creará un enlace que se "
|
|
"puede usar dentro del brazo de coincidencia."
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md
|
|
msgid "A match guard causes the arm to match only if the condition is true."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Un protección de coincidencia hace que la expresión coincida únicamente si "
|
|
"se cumple la condición."
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
|
|
msgid "Key Points:"
|
|
msgstr "Puntos Clave:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You might point out how some specific characters are being used when in a "
|
|
"pattern"
|
|
msgstr "Puedes señalar cómo se usan algunos caracteres concretos en un patrón"
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md
|
|
msgid "`|` as an `or`"
|
|
msgstr "`|` como `or`,"
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md
|
|
msgid "`..` can expand as much as it needs to be"
|
|
msgstr "`..` se puede ampliar tanto como sea necesario."
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md
|
|
msgid "`1..=5` represents an inclusive range"
|
|
msgstr "`1..=5` representa un rango inclusivo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md
|
|
msgid "`_` is a wild card"
|
|
msgstr "`_` es un comodín."
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Match guards as a separate syntax feature are important and necessary when "
|
|
"we wish to concisely express more complex ideas than patterns alone would "
|
|
"allow."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Las guardas de coincidencia, como característica sintáctica independiente, "
|
|
"son importantes y necesarios cuando queremos expresar de forma concisa ideas "
|
|
"más complejas de lo que permitirían los patrones por sí solos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"They are not the same as separate `if` expression inside of the match arm. "
|
|
"An `if` expression inside of the branch block (after `=>`) happens after the "
|
|
"match arm is selected. Failing the `if` condition inside of that block won't "
|
|
"result in other arms of the original `match` expression being considered."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"No son lo mismo que una expresión `if` independiente dentro del brazo de "
|
|
"coincidencias. Una expresión `if` dentro del bloque de ramas (después de "
|
|
"`=>`) se produce tras seleccionar el brazo de coincidencias. Si no se cumple "
|
|
"la condición `if` dentro de ese bloque, no se tienen en cuenta otros brazos "
|
|
"de la expresión `match` original."
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/match.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The condition defined in the guard applies to every expression in a pattern "
|
|
"with an `|`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La condición definida en el guarda se aplica a todas las expresiones de un "
|
|
"patrón con un `|`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Destructuring is a way of extracting data from a data structure by writing a "
|
|
"pattern that is matched up to the data structure, binding variables to "
|
|
"subcomponents of the data structure."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La desestructuración es una forma de extraer datos de una estructura de "
|
|
"datos al escribir un patrón que coincida con la estructura de datos, es "
|
|
"decir, enlazando variables a los subcomponentes de dicha estructura."
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "You can destructure tuples and arrays by matching on their elements:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Puedes desestructurar arrays, tuplas y slices haciendo coincidir sus "
|
|
"elementos:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md
|
|
msgid "\"on Y axis\""
|
|
msgstr "\"en el eje Y\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md
|
|
msgid "\"on X axis\""
|
|
msgstr "\"en el eje X\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md
|
|
msgid "\"left of Y axis\""
|
|
msgstr "\"a la izquierda del eje Y\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md
|
|
msgid "\"below X axis\""
|
|
msgstr "\"debajo del eje X\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md
|
|
msgid "\"first quadrant\""
|
|
msgstr "\"primer cuadrante\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md
|
|
msgid "\"Tell me about {triple:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Dame información sobre {triple:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md
|
|
msgid "\"First is 0, y = {y}, and z = {z}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"El primero es 0, y = {y}, z = {z}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md
|
|
msgid "\"First is 1 and the rest were ignored\""
|
|
msgstr "\"El primero es 1 y el resto se ha ignorado\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md
|
|
msgid "\"All elements were ignored\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Se han ignorado todos los elementos\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Create a new array pattern using `_` to represent an element."
|
|
msgstr "Crea un patrón con `_` para representar un elemento. "
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md
|
|
msgid "Add more values to the array."
|
|
msgstr "Añade más valores al array."
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Point out that how `..` will expand to account for different number of "
|
|
"elements."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Señala cómo `..` se expandirá para representar un número distinto de "
|
|
"elementos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/destructuring.md
|
|
msgid "Show matching against the tail with patterns `[.., b]` and `[a@..,b]`"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Muestra las coincidencias de tail con los patrones `[.., b]` y `[a@..,b]`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "Arrays can contain other arrays:"
|
|
msgstr "Los arrays pueden contener otros arrays:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "What is the type of this variable?"
|
|
msgstr "¿Cuál es el tipo de `word` en cada bucle?"
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Use an array such as the above to write a function `transpose` which will "
|
|
"transpose a matrix (turn rows into columns):"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Usa el método anterior para escribir una función `pretty_print` que sirva "
|
|
"para dar formato al texto de la matriz y una función `transpose` que "
|
|
"transponga una matriz (convertir filas en columnas):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "Hard-code both functions to operate on 3 × 3 matrices."
|
|
msgstr "Codifica ambas funciones para que operen con matrices de 3 × 3."
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Copy the code below to <https://play.rust-lang.org/> and implement the "
|
|
"functions:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Copia el siguiente fragmento de código en <https://play.rust-lang.org/> e "
|
|
"implementa las funciones:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md src/borrowing/exercise.md
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "// TODO: remove this when you're done with your implementation.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"```rust,should_panic\n"
|
|
"// TODO: borra esto cuando termines de implementarlo.\n"
|
|
"#![allow(unused_variables, dead_code)]\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md src/tuples-and-arrays/solution.md
|
|
msgid "// <-- the comment makes rustfmt add a newline\n"
|
|
msgstr "// <-- el comentario hace que rustfmt añada una nueva línea\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md src/tuples-and-arrays/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"matrix: {:#?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"matriz: {:#?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/exercise.md src/tuples-and-arrays/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"transposed: {:#?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"traspuesto: {:#?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/tuples-and-arrays/solution.md
|
|
msgid "//\n"
|
|
msgstr "//\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/references.md
|
|
msgid "[Shared References](./references/shared.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Referencias compartidas](./references/shared.md) (10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/references.md
|
|
msgid "[Exclusive References](./references/exclusive.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Referencias exclusivas](./references/included.md) (10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/references.md
|
|
msgid "[Exercise: Geometry](./references/exercise.md) (30 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Ejercicio: geometría](./references/exercise.md) (30 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/references.md src/user-defined-types.md src/pattern-matching.md
|
|
msgid "This segment should take about 50 minutes"
|
|
msgstr "Esta sección tiene una duración aproximada de 50 minutos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/references/shared.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A reference provides a way to access another value without taking "
|
|
"responsibility for the value, and is also called \"borrowing\". Shared "
|
|
"references are read-only, and the referenced data cannot change."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Una referencia ofrece una forma de acceder a otro valor sin asumir la "
|
|
"responsabilidad del valor. También se denomina \"préstamo\". Las referencias "
|
|
"compartidas son de solo lectura y los datos a los que se hace referencia no "
|
|
"pueden cambiar."
|
|
|
|
#: src/references/shared.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A shared reference to a type `T` has type `&T`. A reference value is made "
|
|
"with the `&` operator. The `*` operator \"dereferences\" a reference, "
|
|
"yielding its value."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Una referencia compartida a un tipo `T` tiene el tipo `&T`. Se crea un valor "
|
|
"de referencia con el operador `&`. El operador `*` \"desreferencia\" una "
|
|
"referencia, dando lugar a su valor."
|
|
|
|
#: src/references/shared.md
|
|
msgid "Rust will statically forbid dangling references:"
|
|
msgstr "Rust prohibirá estáticamente las referencias colgantes:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/references/shared.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A reference is said to \"borrow\" the value it refers to, and this is a good "
|
|
"model for students not familiar with pointers: code can use the reference to "
|
|
"access the value, but is still \"owned\" by the original variable. The "
|
|
"course will get into more detail on ownership in day 3."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Se dice que una referencia \"toma prestado\" el valor al que hace "
|
|
"referencia. Este es un buen modelo para los estudiantes que no están "
|
|
"familiarizados con los punteros, ya que el código puede usar la referencia "
|
|
"para acceder al valor, pero este sigue \"perteneciendo\" a la variable "
|
|
"original. En el curso hablaremos con más profundidad sobre la propiedad el "
|
|
"tercer día."
|
|
|
|
#: src/references/shared.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"References are implemented as pointers, and a key advantage is that they can "
|
|
"be much smaller than the thing they point to. Students familiar with C or C+"
|
|
"+ will recognize references as pointers. Later parts of the course will "
|
|
"cover how Rust prevents the memory-safety bugs that come from using raw "
|
|
"pointers."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Las referencias se implementan como punteros y una ventaja clave es que "
|
|
"pueden ser mucho más pequeñas del elemento al que apuntan. Los participantes "
|
|
"que estén familiarizados con C o C++ reconocerán las referencias como "
|
|
"punteros. A lo largo del curso, hablaremos sobre cómo Rust evita los errores "
|
|
"de seguridad en la memoria derivados del uso de punteros sin formato."
|
|
|
|
#: src/references/shared.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust does not automatically create references for you - the `&` is always "
|
|
"required."
|
|
msgstr "Rust no crea referencias automáticamente, `&` siempre es obligatorio."
|
|
|
|
#: src/references/shared.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust will auto-dereference in some cases, in particular when invoking "
|
|
"methods (try `r.count_ones()`). There is no need for an `->` operator like "
|
|
"in C++."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust realizará una desreferencia automática en algunos casos, en especial al "
|
|
"invocar métodos (prueba `ref_x.count_ones()`)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/references/shared.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In this example, `r` is mutable so that it can be reassigned (`r = &b`). "
|
|
"Note that this re-binds `r`, so that it refers to something else. This is "
|
|
"different from C++, where assignment to a reference changes the referenced "
|
|
"value."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En este ejemplo, `r` es mutable para que se pueda reasignar (`r = &b`). "
|
|
"Debes tener en cuenta que se vuelve a enlazar `r` para que haga referencia a "
|
|
"otro elemento. Es distinto de C++, donde la asignación a una referencia "
|
|
"modifica el valor referenciado."
|
|
|
|
#: src/references/shared.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A shared reference does not allow modifying the value it refers to, even if "
|
|
"that value was mutable. Try `*r = 'X'`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Una referencia compartida no permite modificar el valor al que hace "
|
|
"referencia, incluso aunque el valor sea mutable. Prueba con `*r = 'X'`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/references/shared.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust is tracking the lifetimes of all references to ensure they live long "
|
|
"enough. Dangling references cannot occur in safe Rust. `x_axis` would return "
|
|
"a reference to `point`, but `point` will be deallocated when the function "
|
|
"returns, so this will not compile."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust hace un seguimiento del tiempo de vida de todas las referencias para "
|
|
"asegurarse de que duran lo suficiente. En Rust seguro no se dan referencias "
|
|
"colgantes. `x_axis` devolvería una referencia a `point`, pero `point` se "
|
|
"desasignará cuando se devuelva la función, por lo que no se compilará."
|
|
|
|
#: src/references/shared.md
|
|
msgid "We will talk more about borrowing when we get to ownership."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Más adelante hablaremos de los préstamos cuando lleguemos a la parte de "
|
|
"propiedad."
|
|
|
|
#: src/references/exclusive.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Exclusive references, also known as mutable references, allow changing the "
|
|
"value they refer to. They have type `&mut T`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Las referencias exclusivas, también denominadas referencias mutables, "
|
|
"permiten cambiar el valor al que hacen referencia. Tienen el tipo `&mut T`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/references/exclusive.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"\"Exclusive\" means that only this reference can be used to access the "
|
|
"value. No other references (shared or exclusive) can exist at the same time, "
|
|
"and the referenced value cannot be accessed while the exclusive reference "
|
|
"exists. Try making an `&point.0` or changing `point.0` while `x_coord` is "
|
|
"alive."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"\"Exclusivo\" significa que solo se puede utilizar esta referencia para "
|
|
"acceder al valor. No pueden existir otras referencias (compartidas o "
|
|
"exclusivas) al mismo tiempo y no se puede acceder al valor de referencia "
|
|
"mientras exista la referencia exclusiva. Prueba a ejecutar un `&point.0` o a "
|
|
"cambiar `point.0` mientras `x_coord` está activo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/references/exclusive.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Be sure to note the difference between `let mut x_coord: &i32` and `let "
|
|
"x_coord: &mut i32`. The first one represents a shared reference which can be "
|
|
"bound to different values, while the second represents an exclusive "
|
|
"reference to a mutable value."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ten en cuenta la diferencia entre `let mut ref_x: &i32` y `let ref_x: &mut "
|
|
"i32`. La primera representa una referencia mutable que se puede vincular a "
|
|
"distintos valores, mientras que la segunda representa una referencia a un "
|
|
"valor mutable."
|
|
|
|
#: src/references/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"We will create a few utility functions for 3-dimensional geometry, "
|
|
"representing a point as `[f64;3]`. It is up to you to determine the function "
|
|
"signatures."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Crearemos algunas funciones de utilidad para la geometría tridimensional "
|
|
"representando un punto como `[f64;3]`. Debes decidir las firmas de las "
|
|
"funciones."
|
|
|
|
#: src/references/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// Calculate the magnitude of a vector by summing the squares of its "
|
|
"coordinates\n"
|
|
"// and taking the square root. Use the `sqrt()` method to calculate the "
|
|
"square\n"
|
|
"// root, like `v.sqrt()`.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// Calcula la magnitud de un vector sumando los cuadrados de sus "
|
|
"coordenadas\n"
|
|
"// y sacando la raíz cuadrada. Usa el método `sqrt()` para calcular la raíz "
|
|
"cuadrada\n"
|
|
"//, como `v.sqrt()`.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/references/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// Normalize a vector by calculating its magnitude and dividing all of its\n"
|
|
"// coordinates by that magnitude.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// Normaliza un vector calculando su magnitud y dividiendo todas\n"
|
|
"// sus coordenadas entre esa magnitud.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/references/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "// Use the following `main` to test your work.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Usa `main` para comprobar lo que has hecho.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/references/exercise.md src/references/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"Magnitude of a unit vector: {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Magnitud de un vector unitario: {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/references/exercise.md src/references/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"Magnitude of {v:?}: {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Magnitud de {v:?}: {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/references/exercise.md src/references/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"Magnitude of {v:?} after normalization: {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Magnitud de {v:?} después de la normalización: {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/references/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// Calculate the magnitude of the given vector.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Calcula la magnitud del vector dado.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/references/solution.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// Change the magnitude of the vector to 1.0 without changing its "
|
|
"direction.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Cambia la magnitud del vector a 1.0 sin cambiar su dirección.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types.md
|
|
msgid "[Named Structs](./user-defined-types/named-structs.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Estructuras con nombre](./user-undefined-types/named-structs.md) (10 "
|
|
"minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types.md
|
|
msgid "[Tuple Structs](./user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Estructuras de tuplas](./user-definition-types/tuple-structs.md) (10 "
|
|
"minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types.md
|
|
msgid "[Enums](./user-defined-types/enums.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Enums](./user-undefined-types/enums.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Static and Const](./user-defined-types/static-and-const.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Variables Static y Const](./user-definition-types/static-and-const.md) (5 "
|
|
"minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types.md
|
|
msgid "[Type Aliases](./user-defined-types/aliases.md) (2 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Alias de tipo](./user-definition-types/aliases.md) (2 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Exercise: Elevator Events](./user-defined-types/exercise.md) (15 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Ejercicio: Eventos de ascensor](./user-definition-types/exercise.md) (15 "
|
|
"minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md
|
|
msgid "Like C and C++, Rust has support for custom structs:"
|
|
msgstr "Al igual que C y C++, Rust admite estructuras (struct) personalizadas:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md
|
|
msgid "\"{} is {} years old\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{} tiene {} años\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
|
|
msgid "\"Peter\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Peter\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md
|
|
msgid "\"Avery\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Avery\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md
|
|
msgid "\"Jackie\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Jackie\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md
|
|
msgid "Structs work like in C or C++."
|
|
msgstr "Las estructuras funcionan como en C o en C++."
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md
|
|
msgid "Like in C++, and unlike in C, no typedef is needed to define a type."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Al igual que en C++, y a diferencia de C, no se necesita typedef para "
|
|
"definir un tipo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md
|
|
msgid "Unlike in C++, there is no inheritance between structs."
|
|
msgstr "A diferencia de C++, no existe ninguna herencia entre las estructuras."
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This may be a good time to let people know there are different types of "
|
|
"structs."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Puede que sea un buen momento para indicar a los alumnos que existen "
|
|
"diferentes tipos de estructuras. "
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Zero-sized structs (e.g. `struct Foo;`) might be used when implementing a "
|
|
"trait on some type but don’t have any data that you want to store in the "
|
|
"value itself."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Las estructuras de tamaño cero, como `struct Foo;`, se pueden utilizar al "
|
|
"implementar un trait en algún tipo, pero no tienen ningún dato que te "
|
|
"interese almacenar en el propio valor. "
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The next slide will introduce Tuple structs, used when the field names are "
|
|
"not important."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La siguiente diapositiva presentará las estructuras de tuplas, que se "
|
|
"utilizan cuando los nombres de los campos no son importantes."
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If you already have variables with the right names, then you can create the "
|
|
"struct using a shorthand."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si ya dispones de variables con los nombres adecuados, puedes crear la "
|
|
"estructura con un método abreviado:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/named-structs.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The syntax `..avery` allows us to copy the majority of the fields from the "
|
|
"old struct without having to explicitly type it all out. It must always be "
|
|
"the last element."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La sintaxis `..peter` nos permite copiar la mayoría de los campos de la "
|
|
"estructura anterior sin tener que escribirlos explícitamente. Siempre debe "
|
|
"ser el último elemento."
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md
|
|
msgid "If the field names are unimportant, you can use a tuple struct:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si los nombres de los campos no son importantes, puedes utilizar una "
|
|
"estructura de tuplas:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md
|
|
msgid "\"({}, {})\""
|
|
msgstr "\"({}, {})\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md
|
|
msgid "This is often used for single-field wrappers (called newtypes):"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Esto se suele utilizar para envoltorios de campo único (denominados "
|
|
"newtypes):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md
|
|
msgid "\"Ask a rocket scientist at NASA\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Pregunta a un científico aeroespacial de la NASA\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md
|
|
msgid "// ...\n"
|
|
msgstr "// ...\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Newtypes are a great way to encode additional information about the value in "
|
|
"a primitive type, for example:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los newtypes son una buena forma de codificar información adicional sobre el "
|
|
"valor de un tipo primitivo, por ejemplo:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md
|
|
msgid "The number is measured in some units: `Newtons` in the example above."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El número se mide en algunas unidades: `Newtons` en el ejemplo anterior."
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The value passed some validation when it was created, so you no longer have "
|
|
"to validate it again at every use: `PhoneNumber(String)` or `OddNumber(u32)`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El valor ha pasado alguna validación cuando se ha creado, por lo que ya no "
|
|
"tendrás que volver a validarlo cada vez que lo uses: `PhoneNumber(String)` u "
|
|
"`OddNumber(u32)`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Demonstrate how to add a `f64` value to a `Newtons` type by accessing the "
|
|
"single field in the newtype."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Demuestra cómo se añade un valor `f64` a un tipo `Newtons` accediendo al "
|
|
"campo único del newtype."
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust generally doesn’t like inexplicit things, like automatic unwrapping or "
|
|
"for instance using booleans as integers."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Por lo general, a Rust no le gustan los elementos no explícitos, como el "
|
|
"desenvolvimiento automático o, por ejemplo, el uso de booleanos como enteros."
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md
|
|
msgid "Operator overloading is discussed on Day 3 (generics)."
|
|
msgstr "El día 3 (genéricos), se explicará la sobrecarga del operador."
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/tuple-structs.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The example is a subtle reference to the [Mars Climate Orbiter](https://en."
|
|
"wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Climate_Orbiter) failure."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El ejemplo es una sutil referencia al fracaso de la sonda [Mars Climate "
|
|
"Orbiter](https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Climate_Orbiter)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `enum` keyword allows the creation of a type which has a few different "
|
|
"variants:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La palabra clave `enum` permite crear un tipo que tiene diferentes variantes:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
|
|
msgid "// Simple variant\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Variante simple\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
|
|
msgid "// Tuple variant\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Variante de tupla\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
|
|
msgid "// Struct variant\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Variante de struct\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
|
|
msgid "\"On this turn: {:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"En este turno: {:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Enumerations allow you to collect a set of values under one type."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Las enumeraciones te permiten recoger un conjunto de valores en un solo tipo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`Direction` is a type with variants. There are two values of `Direction`: "
|
|
"`Direction::Left` and `Direction::Right`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`Direction` es un tipo con variantes. Hay dos valores de `Direction`: "
|
|
"`Direction::Left` y `Direction::Right`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`PlayerMove` is a type with three variants. In addition to the payloads, "
|
|
"Rust will store a discriminant so that it knows at runtime which variant is "
|
|
"in a `PlayerMove` value."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`PlayerMove` es un tipo con tres variantes. Además de las cargas útiles, "
|
|
"Rust almacenará un discriminante para saber qué variante se encuentra en un "
|
|
"valor `PlayerMove` en el tiempo de ejecución."
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "This might be a good time to compare structs and enums:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Este es un buen momento para comparar las estructuras y las enumeraciones:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In both, you can have a simple version without fields (unit struct) or one "
|
|
"with different types of fields (variant payloads)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En ambas puedes tener una versión sencilla sin campos (estructura unitaria) "
|
|
"o una versión con distintos tipos de campos (variantes con carga útil). "
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You could even implement the different variants of an enum with separate "
|
|
"structs but then they wouldn’t be the same type as they would if they were "
|
|
"all defined in an enum."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Incluso podrías implementar las distintas variantes de una enumeración con "
|
|
"estructuras diferentes, pero entonces no serían del mismo tipo como lo "
|
|
"serían si estuvieran todas definidas en una enumeración. "
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
|
|
msgid "Rust uses minimal space to store the discriminant."
|
|
msgstr "Rust usa muy poco espacio para almacenar el discriminante."
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
|
|
msgid "If necessary, it stores an integer of the smallest required size"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si es necesario, almacena un número entero del tamaño más pequeño requerido."
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If the allowed variant values do not cover all bit patterns, it will use "
|
|
"invalid bit patterns to encode the discriminant (the \"niche "
|
|
"optimization\"). For example, `Option<&u8>` stores either a pointer to an "
|
|
"integer or `NULL` for the `None` variant."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si los valores de la variante permitidos no cubren todos los patrones de "
|
|
"bits, se utilizarán patrones de bits no válidos para codificar el "
|
|
"discriminante (la \"optimización de nicho\"). Por ejemplo, `Option<&u8>` "
|
|
"almacena un puntero en un número entero o `NULL` para la variante `None`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You can control the discriminant if needed (e.g., for compatibility with C):"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Puedes controlar el discriminante si es necesario (por ejemplo, para "
|
|
"asegurar la compatibilidad con C):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Without `repr`, the discriminant type takes 2 bytes, because 10001 fits 2 "
|
|
"bytes."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Sin `repr`, el tipo discriminante ocupa 2 bytes, debido a que 10001 se cabe "
|
|
"en 2 bytes."
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md
|
|
#: src/memory-management/review.md src/memory-management/move.md
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/box.md src/borrowing/shared.md
|
|
msgid "More to Explore"
|
|
msgstr "Más información"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust has several optimizations it can employ to make enums take up less "
|
|
"space."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust cuenta con varias optimizaciones que puede utilizar para hacer que las "
|
|
"enums ocupen menos espacio."
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Null pointer optimization: For [some types](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/"
|
|
"option/#representation), Rust guarantees that `size_of::<T>()` equals "
|
|
"`size_of::<Option<T>>()`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Optimización de puntero nulo: para [algunos tipos](https://doc.rust-lang.org/"
|
|
"std/option/#representation), Rust asegura que `size_of::<T>()` es igual a "
|
|
"`size_of::<Option<T> >()`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/enums.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Example code if you want to show how the bitwise representation _may_ look "
|
|
"like in practice. It's important to note that the compiler provides no "
|
|
"guarantees regarding this representation, therefore this is totally unsafe."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Fragmento de código de ejemplo si quieres mostrar cómo puede ser la "
|
|
"representación bit a bit en la práctica. Es importante tener en cuenta que "
|
|
"el compilador no ofrece garantías con respecto a esta representación, por lo "
|
|
"tanto es totalmente inseguro. "
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Static and constant variables are two different ways to create globally-"
|
|
"scoped values that cannot be moved or reallocated during the execution of "
|
|
"the program."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Las variables estáticas y constantes son dos formas diferentes de crear "
|
|
"valores de ámbito global que no se pueden mover ni reasignar durante la "
|
|
"ejecución del programa. "
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md
|
|
msgid "`const`"
|
|
msgstr "`const`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Constant variables are evaluated at compile time and their values are "
|
|
"inlined wherever they are used:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Las variables constantes se evalúan en tiempo de compilación y sus valores "
|
|
"se insertan dondequiera que se utilicen:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"According to the [Rust RFC Book](https://rust-lang.github.io/rfcs/0246-const-"
|
|
"vs-static.html) these are inlined upon use."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Según el libro [Rust RFC Book](https://rust-lang.github.io/rfcs/0246-const-"
|
|
"vs-static.html), se insertan cuando se utilizan."
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Only functions marked `const` can be called at compile time to generate "
|
|
"`const` values. `const` functions can however be called at runtime."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Sólo se pueden llamar a las funciones marcadas como `const` en tiempo de "
|
|
"compilación para generar valores `const`. Sin embargo, las funciones `const` "
|
|
"se pueden llamar en _runtime_."
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md
|
|
msgid "`static`"
|
|
msgstr "`static`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Static variables will live during the whole execution of the program, and "
|
|
"therefore will not move:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Las variables estáticas vivirán durante toda la ejecución del programa y, "
|
|
"por lo tanto, no se moverán:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "\"Welcome to RustOS 3.14\""
|
|
msgstr "Te damos la bienvenida al Día 1"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md
|
|
msgid "\"{BANNER}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{BANNER}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"As noted in the [Rust RFC Book](https://rust-lang.github.io/rfcs/0246-const-"
|
|
"vs-static.html), these are not inlined upon use and have an actual "
|
|
"associated memory location. This is useful for unsafe and embedded code, and "
|
|
"the variable lives through the entirety of the program execution. When a "
|
|
"globally-scoped value does not have a reason to need object identity, "
|
|
"`const` is generally preferred."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Tal y como se indica en el libro [Rust RFC Book](https://rust-lang.github.io/"
|
|
"rfcs/0246-const-vs-static.html), no están insertadas y tienen una ubicación "
|
|
"de memoria real asociada. Esto resulta útil para código insertado y no "
|
|
"seguro. Además, la variable continúa durante toda la ejecución del programa. "
|
|
"Cuando un valor de ámbito global no tiene ningún motivo para necesitar "
|
|
"identidad de objeto, se suele preferir `const`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md
|
|
msgid "Mention that `const` behaves semantically similar to C++'s `constexpr`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Menciona que `const` se comporta semánticamente de forma similar a "
|
|
"`constexpr` de C++."
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`static`, on the other hand, is much more similar to a `const` or mutable "
|
|
"global variable in C++."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Por su parte, `static` se parece mucho más a `const` o a una variable global "
|
|
"mutable de C++."
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`static` provides object identity: an address in memory and state as "
|
|
"required by types with interior mutability such as `Mutex<T>`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`static` proporciona la identidad del objeto: una dirección en la memoria y "
|
|
"en el estado que requieren los tipos con mutabilidad interior, como "
|
|
"`Mutex<T>`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"It isn't super common that one would need a runtime evaluated constant, but "
|
|
"it is helpful and safer than using a static."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"No es muy habitual que se necesite una constante evaluada en _runtime_, pero "
|
|
"es útil y más seguro que usar una estática."
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md
|
|
msgid "Properties table:"
|
|
msgstr "Tabla de Propiedades:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
|
|
msgid "Property"
|
|
msgstr "Propiedad"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md
|
|
msgid "Static"
|
|
msgstr "Estático"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md
|
|
msgid "Constant"
|
|
msgstr "Constante"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md
|
|
msgid "Has an address in memory"
|
|
msgstr "Tiene una dirección en la memoria"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md
|
|
msgid "Yes"
|
|
msgstr "Sí"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md
|
|
msgid "No (inlined)"
|
|
msgstr "No (insertado)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md
|
|
msgid "Lives for the entire duration of the program"
|
|
msgstr "Vive durante toda la ejecución del programa"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md
|
|
msgid "No"
|
|
msgstr "No"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md
|
|
msgid "Can be mutable"
|
|
msgstr "Puede ser mutable"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md
|
|
msgid "Yes (unsafe)"
|
|
msgstr "Sí (inseguro)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md
|
|
msgid "Evaluated at compile time"
|
|
msgstr "Evaluado en tiempo de compilación"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md
|
|
msgid "Yes (initialised at compile time)"
|
|
msgstr "Sí (inicializado en tiempo de compilación)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md
|
|
msgid "Inlined wherever it is used"
|
|
msgstr "Insertado dondequiera que se utilice"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Because `static` variables are accessible from any thread, they must be "
|
|
"`Sync`. Interior mutability is possible through a [`Mutex`](https://doc.rust-"
|
|
"lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html), atomic or similar."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Dado que se puede acceder a las variables `static` desde cualquier hilo, es "
|
|
"necesario protegerlas, por ejemplo, mediante un comando [`Mutex`](https://"
|
|
"doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html), o que sean accesibles usando "
|
|
"código `unsafe`. Veremos la [mutación de datos estáticos](../unsafe/mutable-"
|
|
"static-variables.md) en el capítulo sobre Rust inseguro."
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/static-and-const.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Thread-local data can be created with the macro `std::thread_local`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Datos del `thread_local` se pueden crear con la macro `std::thread_local`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/aliases.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A type alias creates a name for another type. The two types can be used "
|
|
"interchangeably."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Un alias de tipo crea un nombre para otro tipo. Ambos tipos se pueden "
|
|
"utilizar indistintamente."
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/aliases.md
|
|
msgid "// Aliases are more useful with long, complex types:\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Los alias resultan de más utilidad con tipos largos y complejos:\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/aliases.md
|
|
msgid "C programmers will recognize this as similar to a `typedef`."
|
|
msgstr "Los programadores de C verán un parecido con `typedef`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"We will create a data structure to represent an event in an elevator control "
|
|
"system. It is up to you to define the types and functions to construct "
|
|
"various events. Use `#[derive(Debug)]` to allow the types to be formatted "
|
|
"with `{:?}`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Crearemos una estructura de datos para representar un evento en un sistema "
|
|
"de control de ascensores. Debes definir los tipos y las funciones para crear "
|
|
"varios eventos. Usa `#[derive(Debug)]` para permitir que se aplique el "
|
|
"formato `{:?}` a los tipos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This exercise only requires creating and populating data structures so that "
|
|
"`main` runs without errors. The next part of the course will cover getting "
|
|
"data out of these structures."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Para hacer este ejercicio solo es necesario crear y rellenar estructuras de "
|
|
"datos de forma que `main` se ejecute sin errores. En la siguiente parte del "
|
|
"curso veremos cómo extraer datos de estas estructuras."
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// An event in the elevator system that the controller must react to.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"/// Un evento en el sistema de ascensores al que debe reaccionar el "
|
|
"controlador.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "// TODO: add required variants\n"
|
|
msgstr "// TAREAS: añadir variantes obligatorias\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// A direction of travel.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Un sentido de la marcha.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// The car has arrived on the given floor.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// El ascensor ha llegado a la planta indicada.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// The car doors have opened.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Las puertas del ascensor se han abierto.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// The car doors have closed.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Las puertas del ascensor se han cerrado.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// A directional button was pressed in an elevator lobby on the given "
|
|
"floor.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"/// Se ha pulsado el botón direccional de un ascensor en la planta "
|
|
"indicada.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// A floor button was pressed in the elevator car.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Se ha pulsado el botón de una planta en el ascensor.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"A ground floor passenger has pressed the up button: {:?}\""
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"\"Un pasajero de la planta baja ha pulsado el botón para ir hacia arriba: "
|
|
"{:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"The car has arrived on the ground floor: {:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"El ascensor ha llegado a la planta baja: {:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"The car door opened: {:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Las puertas del ascensor se han abierto: {:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"A passenger has pressed the 3rd floor button: {:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Un pasajero ha pulsado el botón de la tercera planta: {:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"The car door closed: {:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Las puertas del ascensor se han cerrado: {:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/exercise.md src/user-defined-types/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"The car has arrived on the 3rd floor: {:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"El ascensor ha llegado a la tercera planta: {:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// A button was pressed.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Se ha pulsado un botón.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// The car has arrived at the given floor.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// El ascensor ha llegado a la planta indicada.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// The car's doors have opened.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Las puertas del ascensor se han abierto.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// The car's doors have closed.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Las puertas del ascensor se han cerrado.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// A floor is represented as an integer.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Una planta se representa como un número entero.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// A user-accessible button.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Un botón accesible para el usuario.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// A button in the elevator lobby on the given floor.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Un botón para el ascensor en la planta indicada.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/user-defined-types/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// A floor button within the car.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Un botón de planta de la cabina del ascensor.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-2.md
|
|
msgid "Welcome to Day 2"
|
|
msgstr "Te damos la bienvenida al día 2"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-2.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Now that we have seen a fair amount of Rust, today will focus on Rust's type "
|
|
"system:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ahora que ya sabemos bastante sobre Rust, continuaremos con lo siguiente:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-2.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Pattern matching: extracting data from structures."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Emparejamiento de Patrones: desestructuración de enums, structs y arrays."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-2.md
|
|
msgid "Methods: associating functions with types."
|
|
msgstr "Métodos: asociar funciones a tipos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-2.md
|
|
msgid "Traits: behaviors shared by multiple types."
|
|
msgstr "Traits: comportamientos que comparten varios tipos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-2.md
|
|
msgid "Generics: parameterizing types on other types."
|
|
msgstr "Genéricos: parametrizar tipos en otros tipos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-2.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Standard library types and traits: a tour of Rust's rich standard library."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Tipos y traits de bibliotecas estándar: un recorrido por la amplia "
|
|
"biblioteca estándar de Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-2.md
|
|
msgid "[Welcome](./welcome-day-2.md) (3 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Bienvenida](./welcome-day-2.md) (3 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-2.md
|
|
msgid "[Pattern Matching](./pattern-matching.md) (50 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Coincidencia de patrones](./pattern-matching.md) (50 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-2.md
|
|
msgid "[Methods and Traits](./methods-and-traits.md) (55 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Métodos y traits](./methods-and-traits.md) (55 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-2.md
|
|
msgid "[Generics](./generics.md) (45 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Genéricos](./generics.md) (45 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-2.md src/welcome-day-4.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Including 10 minute breaks, this session should take about 3 hours and 5 "
|
|
"minutes"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Incluyendo descansos de 10 minutos, esta sesión debería durar unas 3 horas y "
|
|
"5 minutos"
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching.md
|
|
msgid "[Destructuring](./pattern-matching/destructuring.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Desestructuración](./pattern-matching/destructuring.md) (10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching.md
|
|
msgid "[Let Control Flow](./pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Control de Flujo con `let`](./pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md) (10 "
|
|
"minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Exercise: Expression Evaluation](./pattern-matching/exercise.md) (30 "
|
|
"minutes)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Ejercicio: evaluación de expresiones](./pattern-matching/exercise.md) (30 "
|
|
"minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
|
|
msgid "Like tuples, structs and enums can also be destructured by matching:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Al igual que las tuplas, las estructuras y las enumeraciones también se "
|
|
"pueden desestructurar con la coincidencia:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
|
|
msgid "Structs"
|
|
msgstr "Structs"
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
|
|
msgid "\"x.0 = 1, b = {b}, y = {y}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"x.0 = 1, b = {b}, y = {y}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
|
|
msgid "\"y = 2, x = {i:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"y = 2, x = {i:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
|
|
msgid "\"y = {y}, other fields were ignored\""
|
|
msgstr "\"y = {y}, se han ignorado otros campos\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Patterns can also be used to bind variables to parts of your values. This is "
|
|
"how you inspect the structure of your types. Let us start with a simple "
|
|
"`enum` type:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los patrones también se pueden usar para enlazar variables a partes de los "
|
|
"valores. Así es como se inspecciona la estructura de tus tipos. Empecemos "
|
|
"con un tipo `enum` sencillo:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
|
|
msgid "\"cannot divide {n} into two equal parts\""
|
|
msgstr "\"no se puede dividir {n} en dos partes iguales\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
|
|
msgid "\"{n} divided in two is {half}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{n} dividido entre dos es {half}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
|
|
msgid "\"sorry, an error happened: {msg}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"se ha producido un error: {msg}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Here we have used the arms to _destructure_ the `Result` value. In the first "
|
|
"arm, `half` is bound to the value inside the `Ok` variant. In the second "
|
|
"arm, `msg` is bound to the error message."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Aquí hemos utilizado los brazos para _desestructurar_ el valor de `Result`. "
|
|
"En el primer brazo, `half` está vinculado al valor que hay dentro de la "
|
|
"variante `Ok`. En el segundo, `msg` está vinculado al mensaje de error."
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
|
|
msgid "Change the literal values in `foo` to match with the other patterns."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Cambia los valores literales de `foo` para que coincidan con los demás "
|
|
"patrones."
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
|
|
msgid "Add a new field to `Foo` and make changes to the pattern as needed."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Añade un campo nuevo a `Foo` y realiza los cambios necesarios en el patrón."
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The distinction between a capture and a constant expression can be hard to "
|
|
"spot. Try changing the `2` in the second arm to a variable, and see that it "
|
|
"subtly doesn't work. Change it to a `const` and see it working again."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La diferencia entre una captura y una expresión constante puede ser difícil "
|
|
"de detectar. Prueba a cambiar el `2` del segundo brazo por una variable y "
|
|
"observa que no funciona. Cámbialo a `const` y verás que vuelve a funcionar."
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `if`/`else` expression is returning an enum that is later unpacked with "
|
|
"a `match`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La expresión `if`/`else` devuelve una enumeración que más tarde se "
|
|
"descomprime con `match`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You can try adding a third variant to the enum definition and displaying the "
|
|
"errors when running the code. Point out the places where your code is now "
|
|
"inexhaustive and how the compiler tries to give you hints."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Puedes probar a añadir una tercera variante a la definición de la "
|
|
"enumeración y mostrar los errores al ejecutar el código. Señala los lugares "
|
|
"en los que tu código está ahora incompleto y explica cómo el compilador "
|
|
"intenta dar sugerencias."
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The values in the enum variants can only be accessed after being pattern "
|
|
"matched."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Solo se puede acceder a los valores de las variantes de enumeración una vez "
|
|
"que coincidan con el patrón. El patrón vincula referencias a los campos del "
|
|
"\"brazo de coincidencias\" después de `=>`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Demonstrate what happens when the search is inexhaustive. Note the advantage "
|
|
"the Rust compiler provides by confirming when all cases are handled."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Demuestra lo que pasa cuando la búsqueda no es exhaustiva. Ten en cuenta la "
|
|
"ventaja que ofrece el compilador de Rust al confirmar cuándo se gestionan "
|
|
"todos los casos. "
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/destructuring.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Save the result of `divide_in_two` in the `result` variable and `match` it "
|
|
"in a loop. That won't compile because `msg` is consumed when matched. To fix "
|
|
"it, match `&result` instead of `result`. That will make `msg` a reference so "
|
|
"it won't be consumed. This [\"match ergonomics\"](https://rust-lang.github."
|
|
"io/rfcs/2005-match-ergonomics.html) appeared in Rust 2018. If you want to "
|
|
"support older Rust, replace `msg` with `ref msg` in the pattern."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Guarda el resultado de `divide_in_two` en la variable `result` y hazlo "
|
|
"coincidir mediante `match` en un bucle. No se compilará porque se utilizará "
|
|
"`msg` cuando coincida. Para solucionarlo, haz coincidir `&result` en lugar "
|
|
"de `result`. De esta forma, `msg` se convertirá en una referencia y no se "
|
|
"utilizará. Esta [\"ergonomía de coincidencia\"](https://rust-lang.github.io/"
|
|
"rfcs/2005-match-ergonomics.html) apareció en Rust 2018. Si quieres que sea "
|
|
"compatible con las versiones anteriores de Rust, sustituye `msg` por `ref "
|
|
"msg` en el patrón."
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust has a few control flow constructs which differ from other languages. "
|
|
"They are used for pattern matching:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust tiene algunas construcciones de control de flujo que difieren de otros "
|
|
"lenguajes. Se utilizan para el patrón de coincidencia:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
|
|
msgid "`if let` expressions"
|
|
msgstr "Expresiones `if let`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
|
|
msgid "`while let` expressions"
|
|
msgstr "Expresiones `while let`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
|
|
msgid "`match` expressions"
|
|
msgstr "Expresiones `match`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The [`if let` expression](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/if-"
|
|
"expr.html#if-let-expressions) lets you execute different code depending on "
|
|
"whether a value matches a pattern:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La [expresión `if let`][(https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/if-"
|
|
"expr.html#if-let-expressions) te permite ejecutar código diferente en "
|
|
"función de si un valor coincide con un patrón:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
|
|
msgid "\"slept for {:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Horas de sueño: {:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
|
|
msgid "`let else` expressions"
|
|
msgstr "Expresiones `let else`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"For the common case of matching a pattern and returning from the function, "
|
|
"use [`let else`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/flow_control/"
|
|
"let_else.html). The \"else\" case must diverge (`return`, `break`, or panic "
|
|
"- anything but falling off the end of the block)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En el caso habitual de coincidencia con un patrón y retorno de la función, "
|
|
"utiliza [`let else`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/flow_control/"
|
|
"let_else.html). El caso \"else\" debe divergir (`return`, `break` o pánico; "
|
|
"cualquier acción es válida menos colocarlo al final del bloque)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
|
|
msgid "\"got None\""
|
|
msgstr "\"se ha obtenido None\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
|
|
msgid "\"got empty string\""
|
|
msgstr "\"se ha encontrado una cadena vacía\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
|
|
msgid "\"not a hex digit\""
|
|
msgstr "\"no es un dígito hexadecimal\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md src/pattern-matching/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"result: {:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"resultado: {:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md src/generics/trait-bounds.md
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/solution.md src/testing/googletest.md
|
|
#: src/testing/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"foo\""
|
|
msgstr "\"foo\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Like with `if let`, there is a [`while let`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/"
|
|
"reference/expressions/loop-expr.html#predicate-pattern-loops) variant which "
|
|
"repeatedly tests a value against a pattern:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Al igual que con `if let`, hay una variante [`while let`](https://doc.rust-"
|
|
"lang.org/reference/expressions/loop-expr.html#predicate-pattern-loops) que "
|
|
"prueba repetidamente un valor con respecto a un patrón:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Here [`String::pop`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/string/struct."
|
|
"String.html#method.pop) returns `Some(c)` until the string is empty, after "
|
|
"which it will return `None`. The `while let` lets us keep iterating through "
|
|
"all items."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Aquí, el iterador devuelto por `v.into_iter()` devolverá `Option<i32>` en "
|
|
"cada llamada a `next()`. Devuelve `Some(x)` hasta que finaliza y, a "
|
|
"continuación, devuelve `None`. `while let` nos permite seguir iterando a "
|
|
"través de todos los elementos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
|
|
msgid "if-let"
|
|
msgstr "if-let"
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Unlike `match`, `if let` does not have to cover all branches. This can make "
|
|
"it more concise than `match`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"A diferencia de `match`, `if let` no tiene que cubrir todas las ramas, "
|
|
"pudiendo así conseguir que sea más conciso que `match`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
|
|
msgid "A common usage is handling `Some` values when working with `Option`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Un uso habitual consiste en gestionar valores `Some` al trabajar con "
|
|
"`Option`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Unlike `match`, `if let` does not support guard clauses for pattern matching."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"A diferencia de `match`, `if let` no admite cláusulas guardia para la "
|
|
"coincidencia de patrones."
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
|
|
msgid "let-else"
|
|
msgstr "let-else"
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`if-let`s can pile up, as shown. The `let-else` construct supports "
|
|
"flattening this nested code. Rewrite the awkward version for students, so "
|
|
"they can see the transformation."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Las instrucciones `if-let` se pueden apilar, tal y como se muestra. La "
|
|
"construcción `let-else` permite aplanar este código anidado. Reescribe esta "
|
|
"rara versión para que los participantes puedan ver la transformación."
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
|
|
msgid "The rewritten version is:"
|
|
msgstr "La versión reescrita es la siguiente:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
|
|
msgid "while-let"
|
|
msgstr "while-let"
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Point out that the `while let` loop will keep going as long as the value "
|
|
"matches the pattern."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Señala que el bucle `while let` seguirá funcionando siempre que el valor "
|
|
"coincida con el patrón."
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/let-control-flow.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You could rewrite the `while let` loop as an infinite loop with an if "
|
|
"statement that breaks when there is no value to unwrap for `name.pop()`. The "
|
|
"`while let` provides syntactic sugar for the above scenario."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Puedes reescribir el bucle `while let` como un ciclo infinito con una "
|
|
"instrucción if que deje de funcionar si `iter.next()` no tienen ningún valor "
|
|
"que desenvolver. `while let` proporciona azúcar sintáctico en la situación "
|
|
"anterior."
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "Let's write a simple recursive evaluator for arithmetic expressions."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Vamos a escribir un sencillo evaluador recursivo de expresiones aritméticas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `Box` type here is a smart pointer, and will be covered in detail later "
|
|
"in the course. An expression can be \"boxed\" with `Box::new` as seen in the "
|
|
"tests. To evaluate a boxed expression, use the deref operator (`*`) to "
|
|
"\"unbox\" it: `eval(*boxed_expr)`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El tipo `Box` es un puntero inteligente y lo veremos con detalle más "
|
|
"adelante en el curso. Una expresión puede \"estar delimitada\" con `Box::"
|
|
"new`, tal como se observa en las pruebas. Para evaluar una expresión "
|
|
"delimitada, usa el operador de desreferencia (`*`) para \"eliminar la "
|
|
"delimitación\": `eval(*boxed_expr)`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Some expressions cannot be evaluated and will return an error. The standard "
|
|
"[`Result<Value, String>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/result/enum.Result."
|
|
"html) type is an enum that represents either a successful value "
|
|
"(`Ok(Value)`) or an error (`Err(String)`). We will cover this type in detail "
|
|
"later."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Algunas expresiones no se pueden evaluar y devuelven un error. El tipo "
|
|
"estándar [`Result<Value, String>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/result/enum."
|
|
"Result.html) es una enumeración que representa un valor correcto "
|
|
"(`Ok(Value)`) o un error (`Err(String)`). Más adelante hablaremos de este "
|
|
"tipo en profundidad."
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Copy and paste the code into the Rust playground, and begin implementing "
|
|
"`eval`. The final product should pass the tests. It may be helpful to use "
|
|
"`todo!()` and get the tests to pass one-by-one. You can also skip a test "
|
|
"temporarily with `#[ignore]`:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Copia y pega el código en el playground de Rust y comienza a implementar "
|
|
"`eval`. El producto final debe superar las pruebas. Recomendamos utilizar "
|
|
"`todo!()` y hacer las pruebas para superar todas las pruebas de forma "
|
|
"individual. También puedes saltarte una prueba de forma temporal con "
|
|
"`#[ignore]`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If you finish early, try writing a test that results in division by zero or "
|
|
"integer overflow. How could you handle this with `Result` instead of a panic?"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si terminas antes, prueba a escribir una prueba que dé como resultado la "
|
|
"división entre cero o un desbordamiento de números enteros. ¿Cómo podrías "
|
|
"gestionarlo con `Result` en vez de con un pánico?"
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md src/pattern-matching/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// An operation to perform on two subexpressions.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Operación que se puede llevar a cabo en dos subexpresiones.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md src/pattern-matching/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// An expression, in tree form.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Una expresión en forma de árbol.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md src/pattern-matching/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// An operation on two subexpressions.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Operación en dos subexpresiones.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md src/pattern-matching/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// A literal value\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Un valor literal\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/exercise.md src/pattern-matching/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"division by zero\""
|
|
msgstr "\"división entre cero\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/pattern-matching/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"expr: {:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"expr: {:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits.md
|
|
msgid "[Methods](./methods-and-traits/methods.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Métodos](./methods-and-traits/methods.md) (10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits.md
|
|
msgid "[Traits](./methods-and-traits/traits.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Traits](./methods-and-traits/traits.md) (10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits.md
|
|
msgid "[Deriving](./methods-and-traits/deriving.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Derivación](./methods-and-traits/deriving.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits.md
|
|
msgid "[Trait Objects](./methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Objetos de Trait](./methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md) (10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Exercise: Generic Logger](./methods-and-traits/exercise.md) (20 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Ejercicio: registrador genérico](./methods-and-traits/exercise.md) (20 "
|
|
"minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits.md
|
|
msgid "This segment should take about 55 minutes"
|
|
msgstr "Esta sección tiene una duración aproximada de 55 minutos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust allows you to associate functions with your new types. You do this with "
|
|
"an `impl` block:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust te permite asociar funciones a los nuevos tipos. Para ello, usa un "
|
|
"bloque `impl`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
|
|
msgid "// No receiver, a static method\n"
|
|
msgstr "// No hay receptor, método estático\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
|
|
msgid "// Exclusive borrowed read-write access to self\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Acceso exclusivo de lectura/escritura prestado a self\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
|
|
msgid "// Shared and read-only borrowed access to self\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Acceso compartido y de solo lectura prestado a self\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
|
|
msgid "\"Recorded {} laps for {}:\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Se han registrado {} vueltas de {}:\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
|
|
msgid "\"Lap {idx}: {lap} sec\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Vuelta {idx}: {lap} s\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
|
|
msgid "// Exclusive ownership of self\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Propiedad exclusiva de self\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
|
|
msgid "\"Race {} is finished, total lap time: {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"La carrera {} ha terminado. Duración total de la vuelta: {}.\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
|
|
msgid "\"Monaco Grand Prix\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Gran Premio de Mónaco\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
|
|
msgid "// race.add_lap(42);\n"
|
|
msgstr "// race.add_lap(42);\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `self` arguments specify the \"receiver\" - the object the method acts "
|
|
"on. There are several common receivers for a method:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`&self` indica que el método toma prestado el objeto de forma inmutable. Hay "
|
|
"otros posibles receptores para un método:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`&self`: borrows the object from the caller using a shared and immutable "
|
|
"reference. The object can be used again afterwards."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`&self`: toma prestado el objeto del llamador utilizando una referencia "
|
|
"compartida e inmutable. El objeto se puede volver a utilizar después."
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`&mut self`: borrows the object from the caller using a unique and mutable "
|
|
"reference. The object can be used again afterwards."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`&mut self`: toma prestado el objeto del llamador mediante una referencia "
|
|
"única y mutable. El objeto se puede volver a utilizar después."
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`self`: takes ownership of the object and moves it away from the caller. The "
|
|
"method becomes the owner of the object. The object will be dropped "
|
|
"(deallocated) when the method returns, unless its ownership is explicitly "
|
|
"transmitted. Complete ownership does not automatically mean mutability."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`self`: asume el _ownership_ del objeto y lo aleja del llamador. El método "
|
|
"se convierte en el propietario del objeto. El objeto se eliminará (es decir, "
|
|
"se anulará la asignación) cuando el método devuelva un resultado, a menos "
|
|
"que se transmita su _ownership_ de forma explícita. El _ownership_ completa "
|
|
"no implica automáticamente una mutabilidad."
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "`mut self`: same as above, but the method can mutate the object."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`mut self`: igual que lo anterior, pero el método puede mutar el objeto. "
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"No receiver: this becomes a static method on the struct. Typically used to "
|
|
"create constructors which are called `new` by convention."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Sin receptor: se convierte en un método estático de la estructura. "
|
|
"Normalmente se utiliza para crear constructores que se suelen denominar "
|
|
"`new`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
|
|
msgid "It can be helpful to introduce methods by comparing them to functions."
|
|
msgstr "Puede resultar útil presentar los métodos comparándolos con funciones."
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Methods are called on an instance of a type (such as a struct or enum), the "
|
|
"first parameter represents the instance as `self`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Se llama a los métodos en una instancia de un tipo (como un estructura o una "
|
|
"enumeración) y el primer parámetro representa la instancia como `self`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Developers may choose to use methods to take advantage of method receiver "
|
|
"syntax and to help keep them more organized. By using methods we can keep "
|
|
"all the implementation code in one predictable place."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los desarrolladores pueden optar por utilizar métodos para aprovechar la "
|
|
"sintaxis de los receptores de métodos y para ayudar a mantenerlos más "
|
|
"organizados. Mediante el uso de métodos podemos mantener todo el código de "
|
|
"implementación en un lugar predecible."
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
|
|
msgid "Point out the use of the keyword `self`, a method receiver."
|
|
msgstr "Señala el uso de la palabra clave `self`, receptor de un método. "
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Show that it is an abbreviated term for `self: Self` and perhaps show how "
|
|
"the struct name could also be used."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Indica que se trata de un término abreviado de `self:&Self` y muestra cómo "
|
|
"se podría utilizar también el nombre de la estructura. "
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Explain that `Self` is a type alias for the type the `impl` block is in and "
|
|
"can be used elsewhere in the block."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Explica que `Self` es un tipo de alias para el tipo en el que está el bloque "
|
|
"`impl` y que se puede usar en cualquier parte del bloque."
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Note how `self` is used like other structs and dot notation can be used to "
|
|
"refer to individual fields."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ten en cuenta que se puede usar `self` como otras estructuras y que la "
|
|
"notación de puntos puede utilizarse para referirse a campos concretos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This might be a good time to demonstrate how the `&self` differs from `self` "
|
|
"by trying to run `finish` twice."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Puede ser un buen momento para mostrar la diferencia entre `&self` y `self` "
|
|
"modificando el código e intentando ejecutar say_hello dos veces."
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/methods.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Beyond variants on `self`, there are also [special wrapper types](https://"
|
|
"doc.rust-lang.org/reference/special-types-and-traits.html) allowed to be "
|
|
"receiver types, such as `Box<Self>`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Además de las variantes `self`, también hay [tipos de envoltorios especiales]"
|
|
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/special-types-and-traits.html) que "
|
|
"pueden ser tipos de receptor, como `Box<Self>`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust lets you abstract over types with traits. They're similar to interfaces:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust te permite abstraer sobre tipos con _traits_. Son similares a las "
|
|
"interfaces:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md
|
|
msgid "\"Oh you're a cutie! What's your name? {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"¡Eres una monada! ¿Cómo te llamas? {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md
|
|
msgid "\"Woof, my name is {}!\""
|
|
msgstr "\"¡Guau, me llamo {}!\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md
|
|
msgid "\"Miau!\""
|
|
msgstr "\"¡Miau!\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md
|
|
msgid "\"Fido\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Fido\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A trait defines a number of methods that types must have in order to "
|
|
"implement the trait."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Un trait define una serie de métodos que los tipos deben tener para "
|
|
"implementar el trait."
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md
|
|
msgid "Traits are implemented in an `impl <trait> for <type> { .. }` block."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los traits se implementan en un bloque `impl <trait> for <type> { .. }`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/traits.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Traits may specify pre-implemented (provided) methods and methods that users "
|
|
"are required to implement themselves. Provided methods can rely on required "
|
|
"methods. In this case, `greet` is provided, and relies on `talk`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los _traits_ pueden especificar los métodos implementados previamente "
|
|
"(predeterminados) y los métodos que los usuarios deben implementar ellos "
|
|
"mismos. Los métodos con implementaciones predeterminadas pueden basarse en "
|
|
"métodos obligatorios."
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Supported traits can be automatically implemented for your custom types, as "
|
|
"follows:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los traits compatibles se pueden implementar de forma automática en los "
|
|
"tipos personalizados de la siguiente manera:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md
|
|
msgid "// Default trait adds `default` constructor.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// El trait predeterminado añade el constructor `default`.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md
|
|
msgid "// Clone trait adds `clone` method.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// El trait clonado añade el método `clone`.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md
|
|
msgid "\"EldurScrollz\""
|
|
msgstr "\"EldurScrollz\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md
|
|
msgid "// Debug trait adds support for printing with `{:?}`.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// El trait Debug permite que sea compatible con imprimir con `{:?}`.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md
|
|
msgid "\"{:?} vs. {:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{:?} contra {:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/deriving.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Derivation is implemented with macros, and many crates provide useful derive "
|
|
"macros to add useful functionality. For example, `serde` can derive "
|
|
"serialization support for a struct using `#[derive(Serialize)]`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La derivación se implementa con macros y muchos crates ofrecen macros de "
|
|
"derivación útiles para añadir funciones. Por ejemplo, `serde` puede derivar "
|
|
"la compatibilidad con la serialización para una struct con "
|
|
"`#[derive(Serialize)]`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Trait objects allow for values of different types, for instance in a "
|
|
"collection:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los objetos de _traits_ permiten valores de diferentes tipos, por ejemplo, "
|
|
"en una colección:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md
|
|
msgid "\"Hello, who are you? {}\""
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md
|
|
msgid "Memory layout after allocating `pets`:"
|
|
msgstr "Diseño de la memoria después de asignar `pets`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```bob\n"
|
|
" Stack Heap\n"
|
|
".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - "
|
|
"- -.\n"
|
|
": : : :\n"
|
|
": pets : : +----+----+----+----"
|
|
"+ :\n"
|
|
": +-----------+-------+ : : +-----+-----+ .->| F | i | d | o "
|
|
"| :\n"
|
|
": | ptr | o---+---+-----+-->| o o | o o | | +----+----+----+----"
|
|
"+ :\n"
|
|
": | len | 2 | : : +-|-|-+-|-|-+ "
|
|
"`---------. :\n"
|
|
": | capacity | 2 | : : | | | | data "
|
|
"| :\n"
|
|
": +-----------+-------+ : : | | | | +-------+--|-------"
|
|
"+ :\n"
|
|
": : : | | | '-->| name | o, 4, 4 "
|
|
"| :\n"
|
|
": : : | | | | age | 5 "
|
|
"| :\n"
|
|
"`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -' : | | | +-------+----------"
|
|
"+ :\n"
|
|
" : | | "
|
|
"| :\n"
|
|
" : | | | "
|
|
"vtable :\n"
|
|
" : | | | +----------------------"
|
|
"+ :\n"
|
|
" : | | '---->| \"<Dog as Pet>::talk\" "
|
|
"| :\n"
|
|
" : | | +----------------------"
|
|
"+ :\n"
|
|
" : | "
|
|
"| :\n"
|
|
" : | | "
|
|
"data :\n"
|
|
" : | | +-------+-------"
|
|
"+ :\n"
|
|
" : | '-->| lives | 9 "
|
|
"| :\n"
|
|
" : | +-------+-------"
|
|
"+ :\n"
|
|
" : "
|
|
"| :\n"
|
|
" : | "
|
|
"vtable :\n"
|
|
" : | +----------------------"
|
|
"+ :\n"
|
|
" : '---->| \"<Cat as Pet>::talk\" "
|
|
"| :\n"
|
|
" : +----------------------"
|
|
"+ :\n"
|
|
" : :\n"
|
|
" '- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - "
|
|
"- -'\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"```bob\n"
|
|
" _Stack_ _Heap_\n"
|
|
".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - "
|
|
"- -.\n"
|
|
": : : :\n"
|
|
": "
|
|
"pets : : :\n"
|
|
": +-----------+-------+ : : +-----+-----"
|
|
"+ :\n"
|
|
": | ptr | o---+---+-----+-->| o o | o o "
|
|
"| :\n"
|
|
": | len | 2 | : : +-|-|-+-|-|-"
|
|
"+ :\n"
|
|
": | capacity | 2 | : : | | | | +---------------"
|
|
"+ :\n"
|
|
": +-----------+-------+ : : | | | '-->| name: \"Fido\" "
|
|
"| :\n"
|
|
": : : | | | +---------------"
|
|
"+ :\n"
|
|
"`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -' : | | "
|
|
"| :\n"
|
|
" : | | | +----------------------"
|
|
"+ : \n"
|
|
" : | | '---->| \"<Dog as Pet>::name\" "
|
|
"| :\n"
|
|
" : | | +----------------------"
|
|
"+ : \n"
|
|
" : | "
|
|
"| : \n"
|
|
" : | | +-"
|
|
"+ : \n"
|
|
" : | '-->|"
|
|
"\\| : \n"
|
|
" : | +-"
|
|
"+ : \n"
|
|
" : "
|
|
"| : \n"
|
|
" : | +----------------------"
|
|
"+ : \n"
|
|
" : '---->| \"<Cat as Pet>::name\" "
|
|
"| : \n"
|
|
" : +----------------------"
|
|
"+ :\n"
|
|
" : :\n"
|
|
" '- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - "
|
|
"- -'\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Types that implement a given trait may be of different sizes. This makes it "
|
|
"impossible to have things like `Vec<dyn Pet>` in the example above."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los tipos que implementan un trait determinado pueden tener diferentes "
|
|
"tamaños. Esto hace imposible tener elementos como `Vec<Pet>` en el ejemplo "
|
|
"anterior."
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`dyn Pet` is a way to tell the compiler about a dynamically sized type that "
|
|
"implements `Pet`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`dyn Pet` es una forma de indicar al compilador un tipo de tamaño dinámico "
|
|
"que implementa `Pet`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In the example, `pets` is allocated on the stack and the vector data is on "
|
|
"the heap. The two vector elements are _fat pointers_:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A fat pointer is a double-width pointer. It has two components: a pointer to "
|
|
"the actual object and a pointer to the [virtual method table](https://en."
|
|
"wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_method_table) (vtable) for the `Pet` "
|
|
"implementation of that particular object."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En el ejemplo, `pets` contiene _punteros grandes_ en los objetos que "
|
|
"implementan `Pet`. El puntero grande consta de dos componentes: un puntero "
|
|
"al objeto real y un puntero a la tabla de métodos virtuales para la "
|
|
"implementación de `Pet` en ese objeto concreto."
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The data for the `Dog` named Fido is the `name` and `age` fields. The `Cat` "
|
|
"has a `lives` field."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md
|
|
msgid "Compare these outputs in the above example:"
|
|
msgstr "Compara estas salidas en el ejemplo anterior:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md src/std-traits/closures.md
|
|
msgid "\"{} {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{} {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/trait-objects.md src/std-traits/exercise.md
|
|
#: src/std-traits/solution.md src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/library.md
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md
|
|
msgid "\"{}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Let's design a simple logging utility, using a trait `Logger` with a `log` "
|
|
"method. Code which might log its progress can then take an `&impl Logger`. "
|
|
"In testing, this might put messages in the test logfile, while in a "
|
|
"production build it would send messages to a log server."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Vamos a diseñar una sencilla utilidad de registro mediante un trait `Logger` "
|
|
"con un método `log`. El código que podría registrar su progreso puede usar "
|
|
"`&impl Logger`. En las pruebas, esta acción colocaría mensajes en el archivo "
|
|
"de registro de la prueba, mientras que en una compilación de producción "
|
|
"enviaría los mensajes a un servidor de registro."
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"However, the `StderrLogger` given below logs all messages, regardless of "
|
|
"verbosity. Your task is to write a `VerbosityFilter` type that will ignore "
|
|
"messages above a maximum verbosity."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Sin embargo, el elemento `StderrLogger` que aparece a continuación registra "
|
|
"todos los mensajes, independientemente de su verbosidad. Tu tarea es "
|
|
"escribir un tipo `VerbosityFilter` que ignore los mensajes que superen el "
|
|
"máximo de verbosidad."
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This is a common pattern: a struct wrapping a trait implementation and "
|
|
"implementing that same trait, adding behavior in the process. What other "
|
|
"kinds of wrappers might be useful in a logging utility?"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Este es un patrón común: una struct que envuelve una implementación de "
|
|
"traits e implementa ese mismo trait, añadiendo comportamiento en el proceso. "
|
|
"¿Qué otros tipos de envoltorios pueden ser útiles en una utilidad de "
|
|
"registro?"
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md src/methods-and-traits/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// Log a message at the given verbosity level.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Registra un mensaje con el nivel de verbosidad determinado.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md src/methods-and-traits/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"verbosity={verbosity}: {message}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"verbosidad={verbosity}: {message}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md src/methods-and-traits/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"FYI\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Para tu información\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md src/methods-and-traits/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"Uhoh\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Oh, oh\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "// TODO: Define and implement `VerbosityFilter`.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// TAREA: Define e implementa `VerbosityFilter`.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/methods-and-traits/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// Only log messages up to the given verbosity level.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"/// Registra solo los mensajes que cumplan el nivel de verbosidad "
|
|
"determinado.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics.md
|
|
msgid "[Generic Functions](./generics/generic-functions.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Funciones genéricas](./generics/generic-functions.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics.md
|
|
msgid "[Generic Data Types](./generics/generic-data.md) (15 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Tipos de datos genéricos](./generics/generic-data.md) (15 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics.md
|
|
msgid "[Trait Bounds](./generics/trait-bounds.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Límites de traits](./generics/trait-bounds.md) (10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics.md
|
|
msgid "[impl Trait](./generics/impl-trait.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[impl Trait](./generics/impl-trait.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics.md
|
|
msgid "[Exercise: Generic min](./generics/exercise.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Ejercicio: min genérico](./generics/exercise.md) (10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics.md src/smart-pointers.md src/iterators.md src/error-handling.md
|
|
msgid "This segment should take about 45 minutes"
|
|
msgstr "Esta sección tiene una duración aproximada de 45 minutos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/generic-functions.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust supports generics, which lets you abstract algorithms or data "
|
|
"structures (such as sorting or a binary tree) over the types used or stored."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust admite el uso de genéricos, lo que permite abstraer los algoritmos o "
|
|
"las estructuras de datos (como el orden o un árbol binario) sobre los tipos "
|
|
"utilizados o almacenados."
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/generic-functions.md
|
|
msgid "/// Pick `even` or `odd` depending on the value of `n`.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Elige `even` u `odd` en función de si `n` es par o impar.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/generic-functions.md
|
|
msgid "\"picked a number: {:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"número elegido: {:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/generic-functions.md
|
|
msgid "\"picked a tuple: {:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"tupla elegida: {:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/generic-functions.md
|
|
msgid "\"dog\""
|
|
msgstr "\"perro\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/generic-functions.md
|
|
msgid "\"cat\""
|
|
msgstr "\"gato\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/generic-functions.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust infers a type for T based on the types of the arguments and return "
|
|
"value."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust infiere un tipo para T en función de los tipos de los argumentos y del "
|
|
"valor devuelto."
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/generic-functions.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This is similar to C++ templates, but Rust partially compiles the generic "
|
|
"function immediately, so that function must be valid for all types matching "
|
|
"the constraints. For example, try modifying `pick` to return `even + odd` if "
|
|
"`n == 0`. Even if only the `pick` instantiation with integers is used, Rust "
|
|
"still considers it invalid. C++ would let you do this."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Es similar a las plantillas de C++, pero Rust compila de forma parcial la "
|
|
"función genérica de forma inmediata, por lo que debe ser válida para todos "
|
|
"los tipos que coincidan con las restricciones. Por ejemplo, prueba a "
|
|
"modificar `pick` para que devuelva `even + odd` si `n == 0`. Aunque solo se "
|
|
"use la instanciación `pick` con números enteros, Rust seguirá considerando "
|
|
"que no es válida. En cambio, C++ lo permitiría."
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/generic-functions.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Generic code is turned into non-generic code based on the call sites. This "
|
|
"is a zero-cost abstraction: you get exactly the same result as if you had "
|
|
"hand-coded the data structures without the abstraction."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Se trata de una abstracción sin coste: se obtiene exactamente el mismo "
|
|
"resultado que si se hubiesen programado de forma manual las estructuras de "
|
|
"datos sin la abstracción."
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/generic-data.md
|
|
msgid "You can use generics to abstract over the concrete field type:"
|
|
msgstr "Puedes usar genéricos para abstraer el tipo de campo concreto:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/generic-data.md
|
|
msgid "// fn set_x(&mut self, x: T)\n"
|
|
msgstr "// fn set_x(&mut self, x: T)\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/generic-data.md
|
|
msgid "\"{integer:?} and {float:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{integer:?} y {float:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/generic-data.md
|
|
msgid "\"coords: {:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"coordenadas: {:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/generic-data.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"_Q:_ Why `T` is specified twice in `impl<T> Point<T> {}`? Isn't that "
|
|
"redundant?"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"_P:_ ¿Por qué `T` se especifica dos veces en `impl<T> Point<T> {}`? ¿No es "
|
|
"redundante?"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/generic-data.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This is because it is a generic implementation section for generic type. "
|
|
"They are independently generic."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Esto se debe a que es una sección de implementación genérica para un tipo "
|
|
"genérico. Son genéricos de forma independiente."
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/generic-data.md
|
|
msgid "It means these methods are defined for any `T`."
|
|
msgstr "Significa que estos métodos están definidos para cualquier `T`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/generic-data.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "It is possible to write `impl Point<u32> { .. }`."
|
|
msgstr "Es posible escribir `impl Point<u32> { .. }`. "
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/generic-data.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`Point` is still generic and you can use `Point<f64>`, but methods in this "
|
|
"block will only be available for `Point<u32>`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`Point` sigue siendo genérico y puedes usar `Point<f64>`, pero los métodos "
|
|
"de este bloque solo estarán disponibles para `Point<u32>`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/generic-data.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Try declaring a new variable `let p = Point { x: 5, y: 10.0 };`. Update the "
|
|
"code to allow points that have elements of different types, by using two "
|
|
"type variables, e.g., `T` and `U`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Prueba a declarar una nueva variable `let p = Punto { x: 5, y: 10.0 };`. "
|
|
"Actualiza el código para permitir que haya puntos que tengan elementos de "
|
|
"diferentes tipos con dos variables de tipo, por ejemplo, `T` y `U`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"When working with generics, you often want to require the types to implement "
|
|
"some trait, so that you can call this trait's methods."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Cuando se trabaja con genéricos, a menudo se prefiere que los tipos "
|
|
"implementen algún trait, de forma que se pueda llamar a los métodos de este "
|
|
"trait."
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md
|
|
msgid "You can do this with `T: Trait` or `impl Trait`:"
|
|
msgstr "Puedes hacerlo con `T: Trait` o `impl Trait`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md
|
|
msgid "// struct NotClonable;\n"
|
|
msgstr "// struct NotClonable;\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md
|
|
msgid "\"{pair:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{pair:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md
|
|
msgid "Try making a `NonClonable` and passing it to `duplicate`."
|
|
msgstr "Prueba a crear un `NonClonable` y pásalo a `duplicable`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md
|
|
msgid "When multiple traits are necessary, use `+` to join them."
|
|
msgstr "Si se necesitan varios traits, usa `+` para unirlos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md
|
|
msgid "Show a `where` clause, students will encounter it when reading code."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Muestra una cláusula `where` para que los alumnos la encuentren al leer el "
|
|
"código."
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md
|
|
msgid "It declutters the function signature if you have many parameters."
|
|
msgstr "Despeja la firma de la función si tienes muchos parámetros."
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md
|
|
msgid "It has additional features making it more powerful."
|
|
msgstr "Tiene funciones adicionales para que sea más potente."
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If someone asks, the extra feature is that the type on the left of \":\" can "
|
|
"be arbitrary, like `Option<T>`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si alguien pregunta, la función adicional es que el tipo que está a la "
|
|
"izquierda de \":\" puede ser arbitrario, como `Option<T>`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/trait-bounds.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Note that Rust does not (yet) support specialization. For example, given the "
|
|
"original `duplicate`, it is invalid to add a specialized `duplicate(a: u32)`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ten en cuenta que Rust (todavía) no admite especialización. Por ejemplo, "
|
|
"dado el `duplicate`, original, no es válido añadir un `duplicate(a: u32)` "
|
|
"especializado."
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/impl-trait.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Similar to trait bounds, an `impl Trait` syntax can be used in function "
|
|
"arguments and return values:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"De forma similar a los límites de _traits_, se puede usar la sintaxis `impl "
|
|
"Trait` en argumentos de funciones y valores devueltos:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/impl-trait.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// Syntactic sugar for:\n"
|
|
"// fn add_42_millions<T: Into<i32>>(x: T) -> i32 {\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// Azúcar sintáctico para:\n"
|
|
"// fn add_42_millions<T: Into<i32>>(x: T) -> i32 {\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/impl-trait.md
|
|
msgid "\"{many}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{many}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/impl-trait.md
|
|
msgid "\"{many_more}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{many_more}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/impl-trait.md
|
|
msgid "\"debuggable: {debuggable:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"depurable: {debuggable:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/impl-trait.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`impl Trait` allows you to work with types which you cannot name. The "
|
|
"meaning of `impl Trait` is a bit different in the different positions."
|
|
msgstr "La naturaleza de `impl Trait` varía ligeramente según la posición."
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/impl-trait.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"For a parameter, `impl Trait` is like an anonymous generic parameter with a "
|
|
"trait bound."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En el caso de los parámetros, `impl Trait` es como un parámetro genérico "
|
|
"anónimo con un límite de trait."
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/impl-trait.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"For a return type, it means that the return type is some concrete type that "
|
|
"implements the trait, without naming the type. This can be useful when you "
|
|
"don't want to expose the concrete type in a public API."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En el caso de un tipo de resultado devuelto, significa que este es un tipo "
|
|
"concreto que implementa el trait, sin nombrar el tipo. Esto puede ser útil "
|
|
"cuando no quieres exponer el tipo concreto en una API pública."
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/impl-trait.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Inference is hard in return position. A function returning `impl Foo` picks "
|
|
"the concrete type it returns, without writing it out in the source. A "
|
|
"function returning a generic type like `collect<B>() -> B` can return any "
|
|
"type satisfying `B`, and the caller may need to choose one, such as with "
|
|
"`let x: Vec<_> = foo.collect()` or with the turbofish, `foo.collect::"
|
|
"<Vec<_>>()`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La inferencia es más complicada en la posición de retorno. Una función que "
|
|
"devuelve `impl Foo` elige el tipo concreto que devuelve, sin escribirlo en "
|
|
"el código fuente. Una función que devuelve un tipo genérico como "
|
|
"`collect<B>() -> B` puede devolver cualquier tipo que cumpla `B`, y es "
|
|
"posible que el llamador tenga que elegir uno, como con `let x: Vec<_> = foo."
|
|
"collect()` o con la sintaxis turbofish, `foo.collect::<Vec<_>>()`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/impl-trait.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"What is the type of `debuggable`? Try `let debuggable: () = ..` to see what "
|
|
"the error message shows."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"¿Cuál es el tipo de `debuggable`? Prueba con `let debuggable: () = ..` para "
|
|
"ver lo que muestra el mensaje de error."
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In this short exercise, you will implement a generic `min` function that "
|
|
"determines the minimum of two values, using a `LessThan` trait."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En este breve ejercicio, implementarás una función `min` genérica que "
|
|
"determina el mínimo de dos valores mediante un trait `lessThan`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/exercise.md src/generics/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// Return true if self is less than other.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Devuelve true si el valor de self es menor que el de other.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "// TODO: implement the `min` function used in `main`.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// TAREA: implementar la función `min` usada en `main`.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/exercise.md src/generics/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"Shapiro\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Shapiro\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/generics/exercise.md src/generics/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"Baumann\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Baumann\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-2-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "[Standard Library Types](./std-types.md) (1 hour and 10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Tipos de bibliotecas estándar](./std-types.md) (1 hora y 10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-2-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "[Standard Library Traits](./std-traits.md) (1 hour and 40 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Traits de biblioteca estándar](./std-traits.md) (1 hora y 40 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types.md
|
|
msgid "[Standard Library](./std-types/std.md) (3 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Biblioteca estándar](./std-types/std.md) (3 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types.md
|
|
msgid "[Documentation](./std-types/docs.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Documentación](./std-types/docs.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types.md
|
|
msgid "[Option](./std-types/option.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Option (Opción)](./std-types/option.md) (10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types.md
|
|
msgid "[Result](./std-types/result.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Result (Resultado)](./std-types/result.md) (10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types.md
|
|
msgid "[String](./std-types/string.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[String (Cadena de texto)](./std-types/string.md) (10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types.md
|
|
msgid "[Vec](./std-types/vec.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Vec (Vectores)](./std-types/vec.md) (10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types.md
|
|
msgid "[HashMap](./std-types/hashmap.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[HashMap](./std-types/hashmap.md) (10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types.md
|
|
msgid "[Exercise: Counter](./std-types/exercise.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Ejercicio: contador](./std-types/exercise.md) (10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types.md src/memory-management.md src/slices-and-lifetimes.md
|
|
msgid "This segment should take about 1 hour and 10 minutes"
|
|
msgstr "Esta sección tiene una duración aproximada de 1 hora y 10 minutos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"For each of the slides in this section, spend some time reviewing the "
|
|
"documentation pages, highlighting some of the more common methods."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Dedica un tiempo a revisar las páginas de la documentación de cada una de "
|
|
"las diapositivas de esta sección para destacar algunos de los métodos que "
|
|
"más se usan."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/std.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust comes with a standard library which helps establish a set of common "
|
|
"types used by Rust libraries and programs. This way, two libraries can work "
|
|
"together smoothly because they both use the same `String` type."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust viene con una biblioteca estándar que ayuda a establecer un conjunto de "
|
|
"tipos comunes que se usan en la biblioteca y los programas de Rust. De esta "
|
|
"forma, dos bibliotecas pueden funcionar juntas sin problemas, puesto que "
|
|
"ambas utilizan el mismo tipo `String`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/std.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In fact, Rust contains several layers of the Standard Library: `core`, "
|
|
"`alloc` and `std`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"De hecho, Rust contiene varias capas de la biblioteca estándar: `core`, "
|
|
"`alloc` y `std`. "
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/std.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`core` includes the most basic types and functions that don't depend on "
|
|
"`libc`, allocator or even the presence of an operating system."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`core` incluye los tipos y funciones más básicos que no dependen de `libc`, "
|
|
"de un _allocator_ (asignador de memoria) ni de la presencia de un sistema "
|
|
"operativo. "
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/std.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`alloc` includes types which require a global heap allocator, such as `Vec`, "
|
|
"`Box` and `Arc`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`alloc` incluye tipos que requieren un _allocator_ de _heap_ global, como "
|
|
"`Vec`, `Box` y `Arc`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/std.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Embedded Rust applications often only use `core`, and sometimes `alloc`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Las aplicaciones embebidas en Rust menudo solo usan `core` y a algunas veces "
|
|
"`alloc`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/docs.md
|
|
msgid "Rust comes with extensive documentation. For example:"
|
|
msgstr "Rust incluye una amplia documentación. Por ejemplo:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/docs.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"All of the details about [loops](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/reference/"
|
|
"expressions/loop-expr.html)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si quieres salir de un bucle antes, usa [`break`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/"
|
|
"reference/expressions/loop-expr.html#break-expressions)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/docs.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Primitive types like [`u8`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/primitive."
|
|
"u8.html)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Tipos primitivos como [`u8`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/primitive."
|
|
"u8.html)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/docs.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Standard library types like [`Option`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/"
|
|
"option/enum.Option.html) or [`BinaryHeap`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/"
|
|
"std/collections/struct.BinaryHeap.html)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[`str`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/primitive.str.html) y [`String`]"
|
|
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/struct.String.html)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/docs.md
|
|
msgid "In fact, you can document your own code:"
|
|
msgstr "De hecho, puedes documentar tu propio código:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/docs.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// Determine whether the first argument is divisible by the second "
|
|
"argument.\n"
|
|
"///\n"
|
|
"/// If the second argument is zero, the result is false.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"/// Determina si el primer argumento es divisible por el segundo argumento.\n"
|
|
"///\n"
|
|
"/// Si el segundo es cero, el resultado será false.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/docs.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The contents are treated as Markdown. All published Rust library crates are "
|
|
"automatically documented at [`docs.rs`](https://docs.rs) using the [rustdoc]"
|
|
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/rustdoc/what-is-rustdoc.html) tool. It is "
|
|
"idiomatic to document all public items in an API using this pattern."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El contenido se trata como Markdown. Todos los crates de la biblioteca de "
|
|
"Rust publicados se documentan automáticamente\n"
|
|
" en [`docs.rs`](https://docs.rs) mediante la herramienta \n"
|
|
"[rustdoc](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rustdoc/what-is-rustdoc.html). Es "
|
|
"propio\n"
|
|
"documentar todos los elementos públicos de una API usando este patrón."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/docs.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"To document an item from inside the item (such as inside a module), use `//!"
|
|
"` or `/*! .. */`, called \"inner doc comments\":"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Para documentar un elemento desde dentro (por ejemplo, dentro de un módulo), "
|
|
"utiliza `//!` o `/*! .. */`, denominado como \"comentarios internos del "
|
|
"documento\":"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/docs.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"//! This module contains functionality relating to divisibility of "
|
|
"integers.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"//! Este módulo contiene funciones relacionadas con la divisibilidad de "
|
|
"números enteros.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/docs.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Show students the generated docs for the `rand` crate at <https://docs.rs/"
|
|
"rand>."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Muestra a los alumnos los documentos generados para el crate `rand` en "
|
|
"[`docs.rs/rand`](https://docs.rs/rand)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/option.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Option"
|
|
msgstr "Excepciones"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/option.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"We have already seen some use of `Option<T>`. It stores either a value of "
|
|
"type `T` or nothing. For example, [`String::find`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/"
|
|
"stable/std/string/struct.String.html#method.find) returns an `Option<usize>`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ya hemos visto algunos usos de `Option<T>`. Almacena un valor de tipo `T` o "
|
|
"nada. Por ejemplo, [`String::find`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/"
|
|
"string/struct.String.html#method.find) devuelve un `Option<usize>`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/option.md
|
|
msgid "\"Löwe 老虎 Léopard Gepardi\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Löwe 老虎 Léopard Gepardi\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/option.md
|
|
msgid "'é'"
|
|
msgstr "'é'"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/option.md
|
|
msgid "\"find returned {position:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"buscar {position:?} devuelto\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/option.md
|
|
msgid "'Z'"
|
|
msgstr "'Z'"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/option.md
|
|
msgid "\"Character not found\""
|
|
msgstr "\"No se ha encontrado el carácter\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/option.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "`Option` is widely used, not just in the standard library."
|
|
msgstr "`Option` y `Result` se usan mucho, no solo en la biblioteca estándar."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/option.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`unwrap` will return the value in an `Option`, or panic. `expect` is similar "
|
|
"but takes an error message."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`unwrap` devolverá el valor en un elemento `Option` o un error pánico. "
|
|
"`expect` funciona de forma similar, pero muestra un mensaje de error."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/option.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You can panic on None, but you can't \"accidentally\" forget to check for "
|
|
"None."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Puedes obtener un pánico en None, pero no puedes olvidarte \"de forma "
|
|
"accidental\" de seleccionar None."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/option.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"It's common to `unwrap`/`expect` all over the place when hacking something "
|
|
"together, but production code typically handles `None` in a nicer fashion."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Es habitual usar `unwrap`/`expect` por todas partes, pero el código de "
|
|
"producción suele gestionar `None` de una forma más adecuada."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/option.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The niche optimization means that `Option<T>` often has the same size in "
|
|
"memory as `T`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La \"optimización de nicho\" significa que `Option<T>` a menudo tiene el "
|
|
"mismo tamaño en memoria que `T`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/result.md
|
|
msgid "Result"
|
|
msgstr "Resultado"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/result.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`Result` is similar to `Option`, but indicates the success or failure of an "
|
|
"operation, each with a different type. This is similar to the `Res` defined "
|
|
"in the expression exercise, but generic: `Result<T, E>` where `T` is used in "
|
|
"the `Ok` variant and `E` appears in the `Err` variant."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`Result` es similar a `Option`, pero indica si una operación se ha "
|
|
"completado de forma correcta o ha fallado, cada una con un tipo diferente. "
|
|
"Es similar a `Res`, que se definió en el ejercicio de expresiones, pero "
|
|
"genérico: `Result<T, E>`, donde `T` se usa en la variante `Ok` y `E` aparece "
|
|
"en la variante `Err`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/result.md
|
|
msgid "\"diary.txt\""
|
|
msgstr "\"diary.txt\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/result.md
|
|
msgid "\"Dear diary: {contents} ({bytes} bytes)\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Querido diario: {contents} ({bytes} bytes)\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/result.md
|
|
msgid "\"Could not read file content\""
|
|
msgstr "\"No se ha podido leer el contenido del archivo\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/result.md
|
|
msgid "\"The diary could not be opened: {err}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"No se ha podido abrir el diario: {err}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/result.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"As with `Option`, the successful value sits inside of `Result`, forcing the "
|
|
"developer to explicitly extract it. This encourages error checking. In the "
|
|
"case where an error should never happen, `unwrap()` or `expect()` can be "
|
|
"called, and this is a signal of the developer intent too."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Al igual que con `Option`, el valor correcto se encuentra dentro de "
|
|
"`Result`, lo que obliga al desarrollador a extraerlo de forma explícita. "
|
|
"Esto fomenta la comprobación de errores. En el caso de que nunca se produzca "
|
|
"un error, se puede llamar a `unwrap()` o a `expect()`, y esto también es una "
|
|
"señal de la intención del desarrollador."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/result.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`Result` documentation is a recommended read. Not during the course, but it "
|
|
"is worth mentioning. It contains a lot of convenience methods and functions "
|
|
"that help functional-style programming."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La documentación sobre `Result` es una lectura recomendada. Aunque no se vea "
|
|
"durante este curso, merece la pena mencinarlo. Contiene muchos métodos y "
|
|
"funciones prácticos que ayudan a seguir una programación funcional. "
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/result.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`Result` is the standard type to implement error handling as we will see on "
|
|
"Day 3."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`Result` es el tipo estándar para implementar la gestión de errores, tal y "
|
|
"como veremos el día 3."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/string.md
|
|
msgid "String"
|
|
msgstr "String"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/string.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[`String`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/struct.String.html) is the "
|
|
"standard heap-allocated growable UTF-8 string buffer:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[`String`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/struct.String.html) es el "
|
|
"búfer de cadena UTF-8 estándar, ampliable y asignado a un _heap_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/string.md src/std-traits/read-and-write.md
|
|
#: src/memory-management/review.md src/testing/unit-tests.md
|
|
#: src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md
|
|
msgid "\"Hello\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Hola\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/string.md
|
|
msgid "\"s1: len = {}, capacity = {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"s1: longitud = {}, capacidad = {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/string.md
|
|
msgid "'!'"
|
|
msgstr "'!'"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/string.md
|
|
msgid "\"s2: len = {}, capacity = {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"s2: longitud= {}, capacidad = {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/string.md
|
|
msgid "\"🇨🇭\""
|
|
msgstr "\"🇨🇭\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/string.md
|
|
msgid "\"s3: len = {}, number of chars = {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"s3: longitud = {}, número de caracteres = {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/string.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`String` implements [`Deref<Target = str>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/"
|
|
"string/struct.String.html#deref-methods-str), which means that you can call "
|
|
"all `str` methods on a `String`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`String` implementa \\[`Deref<Target = str>`\\]\\[2\\], lo que significa que "
|
|
"puedes llamar a todos los métodos `str` en una `String`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/string.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`String::new` returns a new empty string, use `String::with_capacity` when "
|
|
"you know how much data you want to push to the string."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`String::new` devuelve una nueva cadena vacía. Usa `String::with_capacity` "
|
|
"cuando sepas cuántos datos quieres guardar."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/string.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`String::len` returns the size of the `String` in bytes (which can be "
|
|
"different from its length in characters)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`String::len` devuelve el tamaño de `String` en bytes (que puede ser "
|
|
"diferente de su longitud en caracteres)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/string.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`String::chars` returns an iterator over the actual characters. Note that a "
|
|
"`char` can be different from what a human will consider a \"character\" due "
|
|
"to [grapheme clusters](https://docs.rs/unicode-segmentation/latest/"
|
|
"unicode_segmentation/struct.Graphemes.html)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`String::chars` devuelve un iterador sobre los caracteres reales. Ten en "
|
|
"cuenta que un `char` puede ser diferente de lo que un humano consideraría un "
|
|
"\"caracter\", debido a los [grupos de grafemas](https://docs.rs/unicode-"
|
|
"segmentation/latest/unicode_segmentation/struct.Graphemes.html)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/string.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"When people refer to strings they could either be talking about `&str` or "
|
|
"`String`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Cuando la gente se refiere a cadenas, pueden estar hablando de `&str` o de "
|
|
"`String`. "
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/string.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"When a type implements `Deref<Target = T>`, the compiler will let you "
|
|
"transparently call methods from `T`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Cuando un tipo implementa `Deref<Target = T>`, el compilador te permite "
|
|
"llamar a métodos de forma transparente desde `T`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/string.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"We haven't discussed the `Deref` trait yet, so at this point this mostly "
|
|
"explains the structure of the sidebar in the documentation."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Todavía no hemos abordado el trait `Deref`, por lo que en este momento esto "
|
|
"explica principalmente la estructura de la barra lateral de la documentación."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/string.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`String` implements `Deref<Target = str>` which transparently gives it "
|
|
"access to `str`'s methods."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`String` implementa `Deref<Target = str>`, que le proporciona acceso "
|
|
"transparente a los métodos de `str`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/string.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Write and compare `let s3 = s1.deref();` and `let s3 = &*s1;`."
|
|
msgstr "Escribe y compara `let s3 = s1.deref();` y `let s3 = &*s1`;."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/string.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`String` is implemented as a wrapper around a vector of bytes, many of the "
|
|
"operations you see supported on vectors are also supported on `String`, but "
|
|
"with some extra guarantees."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`String` se implementa como un envoltorio alrededor de un vector de bytes. "
|
|
"Muchas de las operaciones que ves como compatibles con vectores también lo "
|
|
"son con `String`, pero con algunas garantías adicionales."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/string.md
|
|
msgid "Compare the different ways to index a `String`:"
|
|
msgstr "Compara las diferentes formas de indexar `String`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/string.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"To a character by using `s3.chars().nth(i).unwrap()` where `i` is in-bound, "
|
|
"out-of-bounds."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"A un carácter mediante `s3. chars().nth(i).unwrap()`, donde `i` está dentro "
|
|
"o fuera de los límites"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/string.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"To a substring by using `s3[0..4]`, where that slice is on character "
|
|
"boundaries or not."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"A una cadena secundaria mediante `s3[0..4]`, donde el slice está en los "
|
|
"límites de caracteres o no."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/vec.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[`Vec`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec.html) is the standard "
|
|
"resizable heap-allocated buffer:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[`Vec`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec.html) es el búfer "
|
|
"estándar redimensionable asignado al _heap_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/vec.md
|
|
msgid "\"v1: len = {}, capacity = {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"v1: longitud= {}, capacidad = {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/vec.md
|
|
msgid "\"v2: len = {}, capacity = {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"v2: longitud= {}, capacidad = {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/vec.md
|
|
msgid "// Canonical macro to initialize a vector with elements.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Macro canónica para inicializar un vector con elementos.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/vec.md
|
|
msgid "// Retain only the even elements.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Conserva solo los elementos pares.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/vec.md
|
|
msgid "\"{v3:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{v3:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/vec.md
|
|
msgid "// Remove consecutive duplicates.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Elimina los duplicados consecutivos.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/vec.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`Vec` implements [`Deref<Target = [T]>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/"
|
|
"struct.Vec.html#deref-methods-%5BT%5D), which means that you can call slice "
|
|
"methods on a `Vec`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`Vec` implementa [`Deref<Target = [T]>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/"
|
|
"struct.Vec.html#deref-methods-%5BT%5D), lo que significa que puedes llamar a "
|
|
"métodos slice en un `Vec`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/vec.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`Vec` is a type of collection, along with `String` and `HashMap`. The data "
|
|
"it contains is stored on the heap. This means the amount of data doesn't "
|
|
"need to be known at compile time. It can grow or shrink at runtime."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`Vec` es un tipo de colección, junto con `String` y `HashMap`. Los datos que "
|
|
"contiene se almacenan en el _heap_. Esto significa que no es necesario "
|
|
"conocer la cantidad de datos durante la compilación. Puede aumentar o "
|
|
"disminuir durante la ejecución."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/vec.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Notice how `Vec<T>` is a generic type too, but you don't have to specify `T` "
|
|
"explicitly. As always with Rust type inference, the `T` was established "
|
|
"during the first `push` call."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ten en cuenta que `Vec<T>` también es un tipo genérico, pero no tienes que "
|
|
"especificar `T` de forma explícita. Como siempre sucede con la inferencia de "
|
|
"tipos de Rust, `T` se estableció durante la primera llamada a `push`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/vec.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`vec![...]` is a canonical macro to use instead of `Vec::new()` and it "
|
|
"supports adding initial elements to the vector."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`vec![...]` es una macro canónica para usarla en lugar de `Vec::new()` y "
|
|
"admite que se añadan elementos iniciales al vector."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/vec.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"To index the vector you use `[` `]`, but they will panic if out of bounds. "
|
|
"Alternatively, using `get` will return an `Option`. The `pop` function will "
|
|
"remove the last element."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Para indexar el vector, se utiliza `[` `]`, pero entrará en pánico si se "
|
|
"sale de los límites. También se puede usar `get` para obtener una `Option`. "
|
|
"La función `pop` eliminará el último elemento."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/vec.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Slices are covered on day 3. For now, students only need to know that a "
|
|
"value of type `Vec` gives access to all of the documented slice methods, too."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Se estudiarán los slices el tercer día del curso. Por ahora, los "
|
|
"participantes solo necesitan saber que un valor del tipo `Vec` también da "
|
|
"acceso a todos los métodos de slice documentados."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
|
|
msgid "Standard hash map with protection against HashDoS attacks:"
|
|
msgstr "Mapa hash estándar con protección frente a ataques HashDoS:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
|
|
msgid "\"Adventures of Huckleberry Finn\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Las aventuras de Huckleberry Finn\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
|
|
msgid "\"Grimms' Fairy Tales\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Los cuentos de los hermanos Grimm\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
|
|
msgid "\"Pride and Prejudice\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Orgullo y prejuicio\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
|
|
msgid "\"Les Misérables\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Los miserables\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
|
|
msgid "\"We know about {} books, but not Les Misérables.\""
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"\"Tenemos información acerca de {} libros, pero no de Los miserables.\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
|
|
msgid "\"Alice's Adventure in Wonderland\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Las aventuras de Alicia en el país de las maravillas\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
|
|
msgid "\"{book}: {count} pages\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{book}: {count} páginas\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
|
|
msgid "\"{book} is unknown.\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{book} es desconocido.\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
|
|
msgid "// Use the .entry() method to insert a value if nothing is found.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// Utiliza el método .entry() para insertar un valor si no se encuentra "
|
|
"ningún resultado.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
|
|
msgid "\"{page_counts:#?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{page_counts:#?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`HashMap` is not defined in the prelude and needs to be brought into scope."
|
|
msgstr "`HashMap` no se ha explicado en el preludio y debe conocerse."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Try the following lines of code. The first line will see if a book is in the "
|
|
"hashmap and if not return an alternative value. The second line will insert "
|
|
"the alternative value in the hashmap if the book is not found."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Prueba las siguientes líneas de código. La primera línea comprobará si un "
|
|
"libro está incluido en el hashmap y, si no, devolverá un valor alternativo. "
|
|
"La segunda línea insertará el valor alternativo en el hashmap si el libro no "
|
|
"se encuentra."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
|
|
msgid "\"Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Harry Potter y la piedra filosofal\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
|
|
msgid "\"The Hunger Games\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Los juegos del hambre\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
|
|
msgid "Unlike `vec!`, there is unfortunately no standard `hashmap!` macro."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"A diferencia de `vec!`, por desgracia no hay ninguna macro estándar de "
|
|
"`hashmap!`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Although, since Rust 1.56, HashMap implements [`From<[(K, V); N]>`](https://"
|
|
"doc.rust-lang.org/std/collections/hash_map/struct.HashMap.html#impl-"
|
|
"From%3C%5B(K,+V);+N%5D%3E-for-HashMap%3CK,+V,+RandomState%3E), which allows "
|
|
"us to easily initialize a hash map from a literal array:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Sin embargo, desde la versión 1.56 de Rust, HashMap implementa [`From<[(K, "
|
|
"V); N]>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/collections/hash_map/struct.HashMap."
|
|
"html#impl-From%3C%5B(K,+V);+N%5D%3E-for-HashMap%3CK,+V,+RandomState%, que "
|
|
"nos permite inicializar fácilmente un mapa hash a partir de un _array_ "
|
|
"literal:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Alternatively HashMap can be built from any `Iterator` which yields key-"
|
|
"value tuples."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"HashMap también se puede crear a partir de cualquier `Iterator` que genere "
|
|
"tuplas de pares clave-valor."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"We are showing `HashMap<String, i32>`, and avoid using `&str` as key to make "
|
|
"examples easier. Using references in collections can, of course, be done, "
|
|
"but it can lead into complications with the borrow checker."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Mostraremos `HashMap<String, i32>` y evitaremos utilizar `&str` para que los "
|
|
"ejemplos sean más sencillos. Por supuesto, se pueden usar las referencias en "
|
|
"las colecciones, pero pueden dar problemas con el _borrow checker_."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Try removing `to_string()` from the example above and see if it still "
|
|
"compiles. Where do you think we might run into issues?"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Prueba a eliminar `to_string()` del ejemplo anterior para ver si aún sigue "
|
|
"compilando. ¿Dónde crees que podríamos encontrar problemas?"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/hashmap.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This type has several \"method-specific\" return types, such as `std::"
|
|
"collections::hash_map::Keys`. These types often appear in searches of the "
|
|
"Rust docs. Show students the docs for this type, and the helpful link back "
|
|
"to the `keys` method."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Este tipo tiene varios tipos de devolución \"específicos del método\", como "
|
|
"`std::collections::hash_map::Keys`. Estos tipos a menudo aparecen en las "
|
|
"búsquedas de la documentación de Rust. Muestra a los estudiantes la "
|
|
"documentación de este tipo y el enlace útil de vuelta al método `keys`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In this exercise you will take a very simple data structure and make it "
|
|
"generic. It uses a [`std::collections::HashMap`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/"
|
|
"stable/std/collections/struct.HashMap.html) to keep track of which values "
|
|
"have been seen and how many times each one has appeared."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En este ejercicio habrá una estructura de datos muy sencilla y la "
|
|
"convertirás en genérica. Utiliza un [`std::collections::HashMap`](https://"
|
|
"doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/collections/struct.HashMap.html) para hacer un "
|
|
"seguimiento de los valores se han visto y cuántas veces ha aparecido cada "
|
|
"uno."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The initial version of `Counter` is hard coded to only work for `u32` "
|
|
"values. Make the struct and its methods generic over the type of value being "
|
|
"tracked, that way `Counter` can track any type of value."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La versión inicial de `Counter` está codificada para que solo funcione con "
|
|
"los valores `u32`. Haz que struct y sus métodos sean genéricos sobre el tipo "
|
|
"de valor del que se está haciendo un seguimiento, de manera que `Counter` "
|
|
"pueda hacer el seguimiento de cualquier tipo de valor."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If you finish early, try using the [`entry`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/"
|
|
"stable/std/collections/struct.HashMap.html#method.entry) method to halve the "
|
|
"number of hash lookups required to implement the `count` method."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si te sobra tiempo, prueba a usar el método [`entry`](https://doc.rust-lang."
|
|
"org/stable/std/collections/struct.HashMap.html#method.entry) para reducir a "
|
|
"la mitad el número de búsquedas de hash que se necesita para implementar el "
|
|
"método `count`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/exercise.md src/std-types/solution.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// Counter counts the number of times each value of type T has been seen.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"/// Counter cuenta el número de veces que se ha visto cada valor de tipo T.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/exercise.md src/std-types/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// Create a new Counter.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Crea un nuevo Counter.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/exercise.md src/std-types/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// Count an occurrence of the given value.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Cuenta una repetición del valor dado.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/exercise.md src/std-types/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// Return the number of times the given value has been seen.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Devuelve el número de veces que se ha visto el valor dado.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/exercise.md src/std-types/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"saw {} values equal to {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"se han visto {} valores iguales a {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/exercise.md src/std-types/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"apple\""
|
|
msgstr "\"manzana\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/exercise.md src/std-types/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"orange\""
|
|
msgstr "\"naranja\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-types/exercise.md src/std-types/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"got {} apples\""
|
|
msgstr "\"se han visto {} manzanas\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits.md
|
|
msgid "[Comparisons](./std-traits/comparisons.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Comparaciones](./std-traits/comparisons.md) (10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits.md
|
|
msgid "[Operators](./std-traits/operators.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Operadores](./std-traits/operators.md) (10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits.md
|
|
msgid "[From and Into](./std-traits/from-and-into.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[From e Into](./std-traits/from-and-into.md) (10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits.md
|
|
msgid "[Casting](./std-traits/casting.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Conversiones](./std-traits/casting.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits.md
|
|
msgid "[Read and Write](./std-traits/read-and-write.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Read y Write](./std-traits/read-and-write.md) (10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits.md
|
|
msgid "[Default, struct update syntax](./std-traits/default.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Default, sintaxis de actualización de structs](./std-traits/default.md) (5 "
|
|
"minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits.md
|
|
msgid "[Closures](./std-traits/closures.md) (20 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Cierres](./std-traits/closures.md) (20 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits.md
|
|
msgid "[Exercise: ROT13](./std-traits/exercise.md) (30 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Ejercicio: ROT13](./std-traits/exercise.md) (30 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits.md
|
|
msgid "This segment should take about 1 hour and 40 minutes"
|
|
msgstr "Esta sección tiene una duración aproximada de 1 hora y 40 minutos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"As with the standard-library types, spend time reviewing the documentation "
|
|
"for each trait."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Al igual que con los tipos de biblioteca estándar, dedica tiempo a revisar "
|
|
"la documentación de cada trait."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits.md
|
|
msgid "This section is long. Take a break midway through."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Esta parte es larga, por lo que recomendamos tomar un descanso al llegar a "
|
|
"la mitad."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/comparisons.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"These traits support comparisons between values. All traits can be derived "
|
|
"for types containing fields that implement these traits."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Estos traits permiten comparar valores. Se pueden derivar todos los traits "
|
|
"de los tipos que contengan campos que implementen estos traits."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/comparisons.md
|
|
msgid "`PartialEq` and `Eq`"
|
|
msgstr "`PartialEq` y `Eq`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/comparisons.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`PartialEq` is a partial equivalence relation, with required method `eq` and "
|
|
"provided method `ne`. The `==` and `!=` operators will call these methods."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`PartialEq` es una relación de equivalencia parcial, con el método requerido "
|
|
"`eq` y el método proporcionado `ne`. Los operadores `==` y `!=` llamarán a "
|
|
"estos métodos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/comparisons.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`Eq` is a full equivalence relation (reflexive, symmetric, and transitive) "
|
|
"and implies `PartialEq`. Functions that require full equivalence will use "
|
|
"`Eq` as a trait bound."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`Eq` es una relación de equivalencia completa (reflexiva, simétrica y "
|
|
"transitiva) e implica `PartialEq`. Las funciones que requieren una "
|
|
"equivalencia total usan `Eq` como límite del trait."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/comparisons.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "`PartialOrd` and `Ord`"
|
|
msgstr "`PartialEq` y `Eq`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/comparisons.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`PartialOrd` defines a partial ordering, with a `partial_cmp` method. It is "
|
|
"used to implement the `<`, `<=`, `>=`, and `>` operators."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`PartialOrd` define un orden parcial, con un método `partial_cmp`. Se usa "
|
|
"para implementar los operadores `<`, `<=`, `>=` y `>`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/comparisons.md
|
|
msgid "`Ord` is a total ordering, with `cmp` returning `Ordering`."
|
|
msgstr "`Ord` es un orden total en el que `cmp` devuelve `Ordering`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/comparisons.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`PartialEq` can be implemented between different types, but `Eq` cannot, "
|
|
"because it is reflexive:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`PartialEq` se puede implementar entre diferentes tipos, pero `Eq` no, ya "
|
|
"que es reflexivo:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/comparisons.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In practice, it's common to derive these traits, but uncommon to implement "
|
|
"them."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En la práctica, es habitual derivar estos traits, aunque no se suelen "
|
|
"implementar."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/operators.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Operator overloading is implemented via traits in [`std::ops`](https://doc."
|
|
"rust-lang.org/std/ops/index.html):"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La sobrecarga de operadores se implementa mediante _traits_ en [`std::ops`]"
|
|
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/index.html):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/operators.md
|
|
msgid "\"{:?} + {:?} = {:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{:?} + {:?} = {:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/operators.md src/memory-management/drop.md
|
|
msgid "Discussion points:"
|
|
msgstr "Cuestiones de debate:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/operators.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You could implement `Add` for `&Point`. In which situations is that useful?"
|
|
msgstr "¿En qué situaciones sería útil implementar `Add` para `&Point`? "
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/operators.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Answer: `Add:add` consumes `self`. If type `T` for which you are overloading "
|
|
"the operator is not `Copy`, you should consider overloading the operator for "
|
|
"`&T` as well. This avoids unnecessary cloning on the call site."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Respuesta: `Add:add` consume a `self`. Si el tipo `T` para el que se "
|
|
"sobrecarga el operador no es `Copy`, deberías plantearte también sobrecargar "
|
|
"el operador para `&T`. Así se evita la clonación innecesaria en el sitio de "
|
|
"la llamada."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/operators.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Why is `Output` an associated type? Could it be made a type parameter of the "
|
|
"method?"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"¿Por qué `Output` es un tipo asociado? ¿Se podría convertir en un parámetro "
|
|
"tipo del método?"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/operators.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Short answer: Function type parameters are controlled by the caller, but "
|
|
"associated types (like `Output`) are controlled by the implementer of a "
|
|
"trait."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Respuesta corta: el llamador controla los parámetros tipo de la función, "
|
|
"pero los tipos asociados (como `Output`) los controla el implementador de un "
|
|
"trait ."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/operators.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You could implement `Add` for two different types, e.g. `impl Add<(i32, "
|
|
"i32)> for Point` would add a tuple to a `Point`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Se podría implementar `Add` para dos tipos distintos; por ejemplo, `impl "
|
|
"Add<(i32, i32)> for Point` añadiría una tupla a un `Point`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/from-and-into.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Types implement [`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From."
|
|
"html) and [`Into`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) to "
|
|
"facilitate type conversions:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los tipos implementan [`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait."
|
|
"From.html) y [`Into`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) "
|
|
"para facilitar las conversiones de tipos:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/from-and-into.md
|
|
msgid "\"{s}, {addr}, {one}, {bigger}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{s}, {addr}, {one}, {bigger}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/from-and-into.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[`Into`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) is "
|
|
"automatically implemented when [`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/"
|
|
"convert/trait.From.html) is implemented:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[`Into`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) se "
|
|
"implementa automáticamente cuando se implementa [`From`](https://doc.rust-"
|
|
"lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/from-and-into.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"That's why it is common to only implement `From`, as your type will get "
|
|
"`Into` implementation too."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Por eso se suele implementar solo `From`, ya que el tipo ya habrá "
|
|
"implementado también `Into`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/from-and-into.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"When declaring a function argument input type like \"anything that can be "
|
|
"converted into a `String`\", the rule is opposite, you should use `Into`. "
|
|
"Your function will accept types that implement `From` and those that _only_ "
|
|
"implement `Into`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Cuando se declara un tipo de entrada de argumento de función como "
|
|
"\"cualquier elemento que se pueda convertir en `String`\", la regla es la "
|
|
"contraria y se debe usar `Into`. La función aceptará tipos que implementen "
|
|
"`From` y aquellos que _solo_ implementen `Into`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/casting.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust has no _implicit_ type conversions, but does support explicit casts "
|
|
"with `as`. These generally follow C semantics where those are defined."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust no tiene conversiones de tipo _implícitas_, pero admite conversiones "
|
|
"explícitas con `as`. Por lo general, se definen según la semántica de C."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/casting.md
|
|
msgid "\"as u16: {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"ya que u16: {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/casting.md
|
|
msgid "\"as i16: {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"ya que i16: {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/casting.md
|
|
msgid "\"as u8: {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"ya que u8: {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/casting.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The results of `as` are _always_ defined in Rust and consistent across "
|
|
"platforms. This might not match your intuition for changing sign or casting "
|
|
"to a smaller type -- check the docs, and comment for clarity."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los resultados de `as` se definen _siempre_ en Rust y son coherentes en "
|
|
"todas las plataformas. Es posible que no coincida con tu idea de cambiar el "
|
|
"signo o convertirlo a otro de menor tamaño. Consulta los documentos y/o "
|
|
"pregunta si tienes cualquier duda."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/casting.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Casting with `as` is a relatively sharp tool that is easy to use "
|
|
"incorrectly, and can be a source of subtle bugs as future maintenance work "
|
|
"changes the types that are used or the ranges of values in types. Casts are "
|
|
"best used only when the intent is to indicate unconditional truncation (e.g. "
|
|
"selecting the bottom 32 bits of a `u64` with `as u32`, regardless of what "
|
|
"was in the high bits)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La conversión con `as` es una herramienta relativamente precisa y fácil de "
|
|
"usar de forma incorrecta. Puede ser una fuente de pequeños errores, ya que "
|
|
"los futuros trabajos de mantenimiento cambian los tipos que se usan o los "
|
|
"intervalos de valores de los tipos. Las conversiones se utilizan únicamente "
|
|
"cuando se quiere indicar un truncamiento incondicional (por ejemplo, "
|
|
"seleccionando los 32 bits inferiores de un `u64` con `as u32`, "
|
|
"independientemente del elemento que se encontrase en los bits altos)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/casting.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"For infallible casts (e.g. `u32` to `u64`), prefer using `From` or `Into` "
|
|
"over `as` to confirm that the cast is in fact infallible. For fallible "
|
|
"casts, `TryFrom` and `TryInto` are available when you want to handle casts "
|
|
"that fit differently from those that don't."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En el caso de las conversiones que no sean falibles (por ejemplo, `u32` a "
|
|
"`u64`), se recomienda utilizar `From` o `Into` en lugar de `as` para "
|
|
"confirmar que la conversión es precisamente infalible. En el caso de las "
|
|
"conversiones falibles, `TryFrom` y `TryInto` están disponibles cuando "
|
|
"necesitas gestionar conversiones que se ajustan de forma diferente a las que "
|
|
"no lo hacen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/casting.md
|
|
msgid "Consider taking a break after this slide."
|
|
msgstr "Plantéate hacer una pausa después de esta diapositiva."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/casting.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`as` is similar to a C++ static cast. Use of `as` in cases where data might "
|
|
"be lost is generally discouraged, or at least deserves an explanatory "
|
|
"comment."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`as` es similar a una conversión estática de C++. En general, se desaconseja "
|
|
"el uso de `as` en los casos en los que puedan perderse datos, o al menos se "
|
|
"recomienda dejar un comentario explicativo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/casting.md
|
|
msgid "This is common in casting integers to `usize` for use as an index."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Esto es habitual al convertir números enteros a `usize` para usarlos como "
|
|
"índice."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Using [`Read`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Read.html) and "
|
|
"[`BufRead`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.BufRead.html), you can "
|
|
"abstract over `u8` sources:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Usando [`Read`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Read.html) y "
|
|
"[`BufRead`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.BufRead.html), se puede "
|
|
"abstraer sobre fuentes `u8`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md
|
|
msgid "b\"foo\\nbar\\nbaz\\n\""
|
|
msgstr "b\"foo\\nbar\\nbaz\\n\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md
|
|
msgid "\"lines in slice: {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"líneas en el slice: {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md
|
|
msgid "\"lines in file: {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"líneas en el archivo: {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Similarly, [`Write`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Write.html) lets "
|
|
"you abstract over `u8` sinks:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"De forma similar, [`Write`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Write."
|
|
"html) te permite abstraer sobre fuentes `u8`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md
|
|
msgid "\"\\n\""
|
|
msgstr "\"\\n\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md
|
|
msgid "\"World\""
|
|
msgstr "\"mundo\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/read-and-write.md
|
|
msgid "\"Logged: {:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Registrado: {:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/default.md
|
|
msgid "The `Default` Trait"
|
|
msgstr "El trait `Default`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/default.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[`Default`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/default/trait.Default.html) trait "
|
|
"produces a default value for a type."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El trait [`Default`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/default/trait.Default."
|
|
"html) produce un valor predeterminado para un tipo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/default.md
|
|
msgid "\"John Smith\""
|
|
msgstr "\"John Smith\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/default.md
|
|
msgid "\"{default_struct:#?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{default_struct:#?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/default.md
|
|
msgid "\"Y is set!\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Ya está configurado.\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/default.md
|
|
msgid "\"{almost_default_struct:#?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{almost_default_struct:#?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/default.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"{:#?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{:#?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/default.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"It can be implemented directly or it can be derived via `#[derive(Default)]`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Se puede implementar directamente o se puede derivar a través de "
|
|
"`#[derive(Default)]`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/default.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A derived implementation will produce a value where all fields are set to "
|
|
"their default values."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Una implementación derivada producirá un valor en el que todos los campos "
|
|
"tendrán sus valores predeterminados."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/default.md
|
|
msgid "This means all types in the struct must implement `Default` too."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Esto significa que todos los tipos de la estructura también deberán "
|
|
"implementar `Default`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/default.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Standard Rust types often implement `Default` with reasonable values (e.g. "
|
|
"`0`, `\"\"`, etc)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los tipos estándar de Rust suelen implementar `Default` con valores "
|
|
"razonables (por ejemplo, `0`, `\"\"`, etc.)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/default.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "The partial struct initialization works nicely with default."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La copia parcial de la estructura funciona correctamente con los valores "
|
|
"predeterminados. ."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/default.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The Rust standard library is aware that types can implement `Default` and "
|
|
"provides convenience methods that use it."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La biblioteca estándar de Rust tiene en cuenta que los tipos pueden "
|
|
"implementar `Default` y, por ello, proporciona métodos prácticos que lo "
|
|
"utilizan."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/default.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `..` syntax is called [struct update syntax](https://doc.rust-lang.org/"
|
|
"book/ch05-01-defining-structs.html#creating-instances-from-other-instances-"
|
|
"with-struct-update-syntax)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"la sintaxis `..` se denomina [sintaxis de actualización de estructuras]"
|
|
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch05-01-defining-structs.html#creating-"
|
|
"instances-from-other-instances-with-struct-update-syntax)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/closures.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Closures or lambda expressions have types which cannot be named. However, "
|
|
"they implement special [`Fn`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Fn."
|
|
"html), [`FnMut`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.FnMut.html), and "
|
|
"[`FnOnce`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.FnOnce.html) traits:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los cierres o expresiones lambda tienen tipos que no pueden nombrarse. Sin "
|
|
"embargo, implementan _traits_ especiales [`Fn`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/"
|
|
"std/ops/trait.Fn.html), [`FnMut`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait."
|
|
"FnMut.html) y [`FnOnce`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.FnOnce."
|
|
"html):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/closures.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "\"Calling function on {input}\""
|
|
msgstr "Llamar Funciones Unsafe (Inseguras)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/closures.md
|
|
msgid "\"add_3: {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"add_3: {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/closures.md
|
|
msgid "\"accumulate: {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"accumulate: {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/closures.md
|
|
msgid "\"multiply_sum: {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"multiply_sum: {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/closures.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"An `Fn` (e.g. `add_3`) neither consumes nor mutates captured values, or "
|
|
"perhaps captures nothing at all. It can be called multiple times "
|
|
"concurrently."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Un `Fn` (por ejemplo, `add_3`) no consume ni modifica los valores "
|
|
"capturados, o quizá no captura nada en absoluto. Se puede llamar varias "
|
|
"veces al mismo tiempo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/closures.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"An `FnMut` (e.g. `accumulate`) might mutate captured values. You can call it "
|
|
"multiple times, but not concurrently."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Un `FnMut` (por ejemplo, `accumulate`) puede modificar los valores "
|
|
"capturados. Se puede llamar varias veces, pero no de forma simultánea."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/closures.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If you have an `FnOnce` (e.g. `multiply_sum`), you may only call it once. It "
|
|
"might consume captured values."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si tienes un `FnOnce` (por ejemplo, `multiply_sum`), solo puedes llamarlo "
|
|
"una vez. Puede consumir valores capturados."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/closures.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`FnMut` is a subtype of `FnOnce`. `Fn` is a subtype of `FnMut` and `FnOnce`. "
|
|
"I.e. you can use an `FnMut` wherever an `FnOnce` is called for, and you can "
|
|
"use an `Fn` wherever an `FnMut` or `FnOnce` is called for."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`FnMut` es un subtipo de `FnOnce`, mientras que `Fn` es un subtipo de "
|
|
"`FnMut` y `FnOnce`. Es decir, puedes utilizar un `FnMut` siempre que se "
|
|
"llame a un `FnOnce`, y puedes usar un `Fn` siempre que se llame a un `FnMut` "
|
|
"o a un `FnOnce`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/closures.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"When you define a function that takes a closure, you should take `FnOnce` if "
|
|
"you can (i.e. you call it once), or `FnMut` else, and last `Fn`. This allows "
|
|
"the most flexibility for the caller."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Cuando defines una función que admite un closure, debes usar `FnOnce` si es "
|
|
"posible (es decir, se llama una vez) o, en su defecto, `FnMut`. En último "
|
|
"lugar estaría `Fn`. De esta forma, se ofrece la máxima flexibilidad al "
|
|
"llamador."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/closures.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In contrast, when you have a closure, the most flexible you can have is `Fn` "
|
|
"(it can be passed everywhere), then `FnMut`, and lastly `FnOnce`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Por el contrario, cuando tienes un cierre (closure), lo más flexible que "
|
|
"puedes tener es `Fn` (se puede transmitir en todas partes), a continuación "
|
|
"`FnMut` y, por último, `FnOnce`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/closures.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The compiler also infers `Copy` (e.g. for `add_3`) and `Clone` (e.g. "
|
|
"`multiply_sum`), depending on what the closure captures."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El compilador también infiere `Copy` (por ejemplo, `add_3`) y `Clone` (por "
|
|
"ejemplo, `multiply_sum`), dependiendo de lo que capture el cierre."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/closures.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"By default, closures will capture by reference if they can. The `move` "
|
|
"keyword makes them capture by value."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"De forma predeterminada, los cierres capturan, si pueden, por referencia. La "
|
|
"palabra clave `move` hace que capturen por valor."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/closures.md
|
|
msgid "\"Hi\""
|
|
msgstr "\"¿Qué\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/closures.md
|
|
msgid "\"there\""
|
|
msgstr "\"pasa?\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In this example, you will implement the classic [\"ROT13\" cipher](https://"
|
|
"en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROT13). Copy this code to the playground, and "
|
|
"implement the missing bits. Only rotate ASCII alphabetic characters, to "
|
|
"ensure the result is still valid UTF-8."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En este ejemplo, implementaremos el algoritmo de cifrado clásico [\"ROT13\"]"
|
|
"(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ROT13). Copia este código en el playground e "
|
|
"implementa los bits que faltan. Rota únicamente los caracteres alfabéticos "
|
|
"ASCII para asegurarte de que el resultado sigue siendo válido en UTF-8."
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "// Implement the `Read` trait for `RotDecoder`.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Implementa el trait `Read` para `RotDecoder`.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/exercise.md src/std-traits/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"Gb trg gb gur bgure fvqr!\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Gb trg gb gur bgure fvqr!\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/exercise.md src/std-traits/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"To get to the other side!\""
|
|
msgstr "\"To get to the other side!\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"What happens if you chain two `RotDecoder` instances together, each rotating "
|
|
"by 13 characters?"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"¿Qué ocurre si encadenas dos instancias `RotDecoder` y cada una de ellas "
|
|
"rota 13 posiciones?"
|
|
|
|
#: src/std-traits/solution.md
|
|
msgid "'A'"
|
|
msgstr "'A'"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-3.md
|
|
msgid "Welcome to Day 3"
|
|
msgstr "Te damos la Bienvenida al Día 3"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-3.md
|
|
msgid "Today, we will cover:"
|
|
msgstr "Hoy trataremos los siguientes puntos:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-3.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Memory management, lifetimes, and the borrow checker: how Rust ensures "
|
|
"memory safety."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Gestión de la memoria, _lifetimes_ y el _borrow checker_: cómo garantiza "
|
|
"Rust la seguridad de la memoria."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-3.md
|
|
msgid "Smart pointers: standard library pointer types."
|
|
msgstr "Punteros inteligentes: tipos de punteros de biblioteca estándar."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-3.md
|
|
msgid "[Welcome](./welcome-day-3.md) (3 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Bienvenida](./welcome-day-3.md) (3 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-3.md
|
|
msgid "[Memory Management](./memory-management.md) (1 hour and 10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Gestión de la memoria](./Memory-management.md) (1 hora y 10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-3.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "[Smart Pointers](./smart-pointers.md) (45 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Punteros inteligentes](./smart-pointers.md) (55 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-3.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Including 10 minute breaks, this session should take about 2 hours and 15 "
|
|
"minutes"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Contando con los descansos de 10 minutos, la duración prevista de la sesión "
|
|
"es de unas 2 horas y 25 minutos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management.md
|
|
msgid "[Review of Program Memory](./memory-management/review.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Revisión de la memoria del programa](./Memory-management/review.md) (5 "
|
|
"minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Approaches to Memory Management](./memory-management/approaches.md) (10 "
|
|
"minutes)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Estrategias para la gestión de la memoria](./Memory-manageme t/approaches."
|
|
"md) (10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management.md
|
|
msgid "[Ownership](./memory-management/ownership.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Ownership](./Memory-management/ownership.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management.md
|
|
msgid "[Move Semantics](./memory-management/move.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Semántica de movimiento](./Memory-management/move.md) (10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management.md
|
|
msgid "[Clone](./memory-management/clone.md) (2 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Clonar](./Memory-management/clone.md) (2 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management.md
|
|
msgid "[Copy Types](./memory-management/copy-types.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Copiar tipos](./Memory-management/copy-types.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management.md
|
|
msgid "[Drop](./memory-management/drop.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Drop](./Memory-management/drop.md) (10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management.md
|
|
msgid "[Exercise: Builder Type](./memory-management/exercise.md) (20 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Ejercicio: tipo de compilador](./Memory-management/exercise.md) (20 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/review.md
|
|
msgid "Programs allocate memory in two ways:"
|
|
msgstr "Los programas asignan memoria de dos formas:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/review.md
|
|
msgid "Stack: Continuous area of memory for local variables."
|
|
msgstr "_Stack_: Zona de memoria continua para las variables locales."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/review.md
|
|
msgid "Values have fixed sizes known at compile time."
|
|
msgstr "Los valores tienen tamaños fijos conocidos en tiempo de compilación."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/review.md
|
|
msgid "Extremely fast: just move a stack pointer."
|
|
msgstr "Muy rápida: mueve el _stack pointer_."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/review.md
|
|
msgid "Easy to manage: follows function calls."
|
|
msgstr "Fácil de gestionar: sigue las llamadas de funciones."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/review.md
|
|
msgid "Great memory locality."
|
|
msgstr "Excelente localidad de memoria."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/review.md
|
|
msgid "Heap: Storage of values outside of function calls."
|
|
msgstr "_Heap_: almacenamiento de valores fuera de las llamadas de funciones."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/review.md
|
|
msgid "Values have dynamic sizes determined at runtime."
|
|
msgstr "Los valores tienen tamaños dinámicos determinados en _runtime_."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/review.md
|
|
msgid "Slightly slower than the stack: some book-keeping needed."
|
|
msgstr "Ligeramente más lento que el _stack_: requiere cierta trazabilidad."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/review.md
|
|
msgid "No guarantee of memory locality."
|
|
msgstr "No se puede asegurar la localidad de la memoria."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/review.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Creating a `String` puts fixed-sized metadata on the stack and dynamically "
|
|
"sized data, the actual string, on the heap:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Al crear un `String`, los metadatos de tamaño fijo se colocan en la _stack_ "
|
|
"y los datos de tamaño dinámico (la cadena real) en el _heap_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/review.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Mention that a `String` is backed by a `Vec`, so it has a capacity and "
|
|
"length and can grow if mutable via reallocation on the heap."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Menciona que un `String` está respaldado por un `Vec`, por lo que tiene "
|
|
"capacidad y longitud y, si es mutable, puede crecer mediante reasignación en "
|
|
"el _heap_."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/review.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If students ask about it, you can mention that the underlying memory is heap "
|
|
"allocated using the [System Allocator](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/alloc/"
|
|
"struct.System.html) and custom allocators can be implemented using the "
|
|
"[Allocator API](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/alloc/index.html)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si los alumnos lo preguntan, puedes mencionar que la memoria subyacente "
|
|
"recibe una asignación de _heap_ mediante el [Asignador del Sistema](https://"
|
|
"doc.rust-lang.org/std/alloc/struct.System.html) y que se pueden implementar "
|
|
"asignadores personalizados mediante el [_Allocator API_](https://doc.rust-"
|
|
"lang.org/std/alloc/index.html)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/review.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"We can inspect the memory layout with `unsafe` Rust. However, you should "
|
|
"point out that this is rightfully unsafe!"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Podemos inspeccionar la disposición de la memoria con código `unsafe`. Sin "
|
|
"embargo, debes señalar que esto no es seguro."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/review.md src/testing/unit-tests.md
|
|
msgid "' '"
|
|
msgstr "' '"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/review.md
|
|
msgid "\"world\""
|
|
msgstr "\"mundo\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/review.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// DON'T DO THIS AT HOME! For educational purposes only.\n"
|
|
" // String provides no guarantees about its layout, so this could lead "
|
|
"to\n"
|
|
" // undefined behavior.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// ¡NO HAGÁIS ESTO EN CASA! Solo con fines educativos.\n"
|
|
" // La cadena no proporciona garantías sobre su diseño, por lo que podría "
|
|
"desencadenar\n"
|
|
" // un comportamiento indefinido.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/review.md
|
|
msgid "\"ptr = {ptr:#x}, len = {len}, capacity = {capacity}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"ptr = {ptr:#x}, longitud = {len}, capacidad = {capacity}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/approaches.md
|
|
msgid "Traditionally, languages have fallen into two broad categories:"
|
|
msgstr "Tradicionalmente, los lenguajes se dividen en dos grandes categorías:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/approaches.md
|
|
msgid "Full control via manual memory management: C, C++, Pascal, ..."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Control total a través de la gestión manual de la memoria: C, C++, Pascal, "
|
|
"etc."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/approaches.md
|
|
msgid "Programmer decides when to allocate or free heap memory."
|
|
msgstr "El programador decide cuándo asignar o liberar memoria del montículo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/approaches.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Programmer must determine whether a pointer still points to valid memory."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El programador debe determinar si un puntero aún apunta a una memoria válida."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/approaches.md
|
|
msgid "Studies show, programmers make mistakes."
|
|
msgstr "Los estudios demuestran que los programadores cometen errores."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/approaches.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Full safety via automatic memory management at runtime: Java, Python, Go, "
|
|
"Haskell, ..."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Seguridad total mediante la gestión automática de la memoria en _runtime_: "
|
|
"Java, Python, Go, Haskell, etc."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/approaches.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A runtime system ensures that memory is not freed until it can no longer be "
|
|
"referenced."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Un sistema de tiempo de ejecución asegura que la memoria no se libera hasta "
|
|
"que ya no se pueda hacer referencia a ella."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/approaches.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Typically implemented with reference counting, garbage collection, or RAII."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Normalmente se implementa con un contador de referencias, la recolección de "
|
|
"elementos no utilizados o RAII."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/approaches.md
|
|
msgid "Rust offers a new mix:"
|
|
msgstr "Rust ofrece una mezcla de ambas:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/approaches.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Full control _and_ safety via compile time enforcement of correct memory "
|
|
"management."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Control _y_ seguridad completa gracias a que el compilador se encarga del "
|
|
"correcto manejo de la memoria"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/approaches.md
|
|
msgid "It does this with an explicit ownership concept."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Para ello, se utiliza un concepto de _ownership_ (propiedad) explícito."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/approaches.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This slide is intended to help students coming from other languages to put "
|
|
"Rust in context."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El objetivo de esta diapositiva es ayudar a los estudiantes de otros "
|
|
"lenguajes a entender mejor Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/approaches.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"C must manage heap manually with `malloc` and `free`. Common errors include "
|
|
"forgetting to call `free`, calling it multiple times for the same pointer, "
|
|
"or dereferencing a pointer after the memory it points to has been freed."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"C debe gestionar el montículo de forma manual con `malloc` y `free`. Entre "
|
|
"los errores habituales se incluyen olvidarse de llamar a `free`, llamarlo "
|
|
"varias veces para el mismo puntero o desreferenciar un puntero después de "
|
|
"que se haya liberado la memoria a la que apunta."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/approaches.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"C++ has tools like smart pointers (`unique_ptr`, `shared_ptr`) that take "
|
|
"advantage of language guarantees about calling destructors to ensure memory "
|
|
"is freed when a function returns. It is still quite easy to mis-use these "
|
|
"tools and create similar bugs to C."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"C++ tiene herramientas como los punteros inteligentes (`unique_ptr` y "
|
|
"`shared_ptr`) que aprovechan las garantías del lenguaje sobre la llamada a "
|
|
"destructores para garantizar que la memoria se libere cuando se devuelva una "
|
|
"función. Sin embargo, es fácil hacer un uso inadecuado de estas herramientas "
|
|
"y crear errores similares a los de C."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/approaches.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Java, Go, and Python rely on the garbage collector to identify memory that "
|
|
"is no longer reachable and discard it. This guarantees that any pointer can "
|
|
"be dereferenced, eliminating use-after-free and other classes of bugs. But, "
|
|
"GC has a runtime cost and is difficult to tune properly."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Java, Go y Python utilizan el recolector de elementos no utilizados para "
|
|
"identificar la memoria a la que ya no se puede acceder y descartarla. Esto "
|
|
"asegura que se pueda desreferenciar cualquier puntero, de forma que se "
|
|
"eliminan los errores use-after-free y otros tipos de errores. Sin embargo, "
|
|
"el recolector de elementos no utilizados tiene un coste de tiempo de "
|
|
"ejecución y es difícil ajustarlo adecuadamente."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/approaches.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust's ownership and borrowing model can, in many cases, get the performance "
|
|
"of C, with alloc and free operations precisely where they are required -- "
|
|
"zero cost. It also provides tools similar to C++'s smart pointers. When "
|
|
"required, other options such as reference counting are available, and there "
|
|
"are even third-party crates available to support runtime garbage collection "
|
|
"(not covered in this class)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El modelo de propiedad y préstamo de Rust puede, en muchos casos, permitir "
|
|
"obtener el rendimiento de C, con operaciones asignadas y libres donde se "
|
|
"necesiten y sin coste. También proporciona herramientas similares a los "
|
|
"punteros inteligentes de C++. Si es necesario, hay disponibles otras "
|
|
"opciones, como el recuento de referencias, e incluso hay crates de terceros "
|
|
"que admiten la recolección de elementos no utilizados del tiempo de "
|
|
"ejecución (estos elementos no se tratan en esta clase)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/ownership.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"All variable bindings have a _scope_ where they are valid and it is an error "
|
|
"to use a variable outside its scope:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Todos los enlaces a variables tienen un _ámbito_ donde son válidos y se "
|
|
"produce un error cuando se usan fuera de él:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/ownership.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"We say that the variable _owns_ the value. Every Rust value has precisely "
|
|
"one owner at all times."
|
|
msgstr "Decimos que el valor _pertenece_ a la variable."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/ownership.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"At the end of the scope, the variable is _dropped_ and the data is freed. A "
|
|
"destructor can run here to free up resources."
|
|
msgstr "Al final del ámbito, la variable _se elimina_ y los datos se liberan."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/ownership.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Students familiar with garbage-collection implementations will know that a "
|
|
"garbage collector starts with a set of \"roots\" to find all reachable "
|
|
"memory. Rust's \"single owner\" principle is a similar idea."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los participantes que estén familiarizados con las implementaciones de "
|
|
"recolección de elementos no utilizados sabrán que este tipo de recolector "
|
|
"comienza con un conjunto de \"raíces\" para buscar toda la memoria "
|
|
"disponible. El principio de \"propietario único\" de Rust es una idea "
|
|
"similar."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/move.md
|
|
msgid "An assignment will transfer _ownership_ between variables:"
|
|
msgstr "Una asignación transferirá su _ownership_ entre variables:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/move.md
|
|
msgid "\"Hello!\""
|
|
msgstr "\"¡Hola!\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/move.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md
|
|
msgid "\"s2: {s2}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"s2: {s2}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/move.md
|
|
msgid "// println!(\"s1: {s1}\");\n"
|
|
msgstr "// println!(\"s1: {s1}\");\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/move.md
|
|
msgid "The assignment of `s1` to `s2` transfers ownership."
|
|
msgstr "La asignación de `s1` a `s2` transfiere el _ownership_."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/move.md
|
|
msgid "When `s1` goes out of scope, nothing happens: it does not own anything."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Cuando `s1` queda fuera del ámbito, no ocurre nada: no le pertenece nada."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/move.md
|
|
msgid "When `s2` goes out of scope, the string data is freed."
|
|
msgstr "Cuando `s2` sale del ámbito, los datos de la cadena se liberan."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/move.md
|
|
msgid "Before move to `s2`:"
|
|
msgstr "Antes de mover a `s2`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/move.md
|
|
msgid "After move to `s2`:"
|
|
msgstr "Después de mover a `s2`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/move.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```bob\n"
|
|
" Stack Heap\n"
|
|
".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - -.\n"
|
|
": : : :\n"
|
|
": s1 \"(inaccessible)\" : : :\n"
|
|
": +-----------+-------+ : : +----+----+----+----+ :\n"
|
|
": | ptr | o---+---+--+--+-->| R | u | s | t | :\n"
|
|
": | len | 4 | : | : +----+----+----+----+ :\n"
|
|
": | capacity | 4 | : | : :\n"
|
|
": +-----------+-------+ : | : :\n"
|
|
": : | `- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n"
|
|
": s2 : |\n"
|
|
": +-----------+-------+ : |\n"
|
|
": | ptr | o---+---+--'\n"
|
|
": | len | 4 | :\n"
|
|
": | capacity | 4 | :\n"
|
|
": +-----------+-------+ :\n"
|
|
": :\n"
|
|
"`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"```bob\n"
|
|
" _Stack_ _Heap_\n"
|
|
".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - -.\n"
|
|
": : : :\n"
|
|
": s1 \"(inaccessible)\" : : :\n"
|
|
": +-----------+-------+ : : +----+----+----+----+ :\n"
|
|
": | ptr | o---+---+--+--+-->| R | u | s | t | :\n"
|
|
": | len | 4 | : | : +----+----+----+----+ :\n"
|
|
": | capacity | 4 | : | : :\n"
|
|
": +-----------+-------+ : | : :\n"
|
|
": : | `- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n"
|
|
": s2 : |\n"
|
|
": +-----------+-------+ : |\n"
|
|
": | ptr | o---+---+--'\n"
|
|
": | len | 4 | :\n"
|
|
": | capacity | 4 | :\n"
|
|
": +-----------+-------+ :\n"
|
|
": :\n"
|
|
"`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/move.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"When you pass a value to a function, the value is assigned to the function "
|
|
"parameter. This transfers ownership:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Cuando pasas un valor a una función, el valor se asigna al parámetro de la "
|
|
"función. Esta acción transfiere el _ownership_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/move.md
|
|
msgid "\"Hello {name}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Hola {name}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/move.md src/android/interoperability/java.md
|
|
msgid "\"Alice\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Alice\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/move.md
|
|
msgid "// say_hello(name);\n"
|
|
msgstr "// say_hello(name);\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/move.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Mention that this is the opposite of the defaults in C++, which copies by "
|
|
"value unless you use `std::move` (and the move constructor is defined!)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Menciona que es lo contrario de los valores predeterminados de C++, que se "
|
|
"copian por valor, a menos que utilices `std::move` (y que el constructor de "
|
|
"movimiento esté definido)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/move.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"It is only the ownership that moves. Whether any machine code is generated "
|
|
"to manipulate the data itself is a matter of optimization, and such copies "
|
|
"are aggressively optimized away."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Es únicamente el ownership el que se mueve. Si se genera algún código "
|
|
"máquina para manipular los datos en sí, se trata de una cuestión de "
|
|
"optimización, y esas copias se optimizan de forma agresiva."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/move.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Simple values (such as integers) can be marked `Copy` (see later slides)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los valores simples (como los enteros) se pueden marcar como `Copy` "
|
|
"(consulta las diapositivas posteriores)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/move.md
|
|
msgid "In Rust, clones are explicit (by using `clone`)."
|
|
msgstr "En Rust, la clonación es explícita (usando `clone`)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/move.md
|
|
msgid "In the `say_hello` example:"
|
|
msgstr "En el ejemplo de `say_hello`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/move.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"With the first call to `say_hello`, `main` gives up ownership of `name`. "
|
|
"Afterwards, `name` cannot be used anymore within `main`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Con la primera llamada a `say_hello`, `main` deja de tener el _ownership_ de "
|
|
"`name`. Después, ya no se podrá usar `name` dentro de `main`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/move.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The heap memory allocated for `name` will be freed at the end of the "
|
|
"`say_hello` function."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La memoria de _heap_ asignada a `name` se liberará al final de la función "
|
|
"`say_hello`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/move.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`main` can retain ownership if it passes `name` as a reference (`&name`) and "
|
|
"if `say_hello` accepts a reference as a parameter."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"main` podrá conservar el _ownership_ si pasa`name` como referencia (`&name`) "
|
|
"y si `say_hello` acepta una referencia como parámetro."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/move.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Alternatively, `main` can pass a clone of `name` in the first call (`name."
|
|
"clone()`)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Por otro lado, `main` puede pasar un clon de `name` en la primera llamada "
|
|
"(`name.clone()`)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/move.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust makes it harder than C++ to inadvertently create copies by making move "
|
|
"semantics the default, and by forcing programmers to make clones explicit."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust hace que resulte más difícil que en C++ crear copias por error al "
|
|
"definir la semántica de movimiento como predeterminada y al obligar a los "
|
|
"programadores a clonar sólo de forma explícita."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/move.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Defensive Copies in Modern C++"
|
|
msgstr "Double free en código C++ moderno"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/move.md
|
|
msgid "Modern C++ solves this differently:"
|
|
msgstr "La versión moderna de C++ soluciona este problema de forma diferente:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/move.md
|
|
msgid "\"Cpp\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Cpp\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/move.md
|
|
msgid "// Duplicate the data in s1.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Duplica los datos en s1.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/move.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The heap data from `s1` is duplicated and `s2` gets its own independent copy."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los datos de la _stack_ de `s1` se duplican y `s2` obtiene su propia copia "
|
|
"independiente."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/move.md
|
|
msgid "When `s1` and `s2` go out of scope, they each free their own memory."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Cuando `s1` y `s2` salen del ámbito, cada uno libera su propia memoria."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/move.md
|
|
msgid "Before copy-assignment:"
|
|
msgstr "Antes de la asignación de copias:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/move.md
|
|
msgid "After copy-assignment:"
|
|
msgstr "Después de la asignación de copia:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/move.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"C++ has made a slightly different choice than Rust. Because `=` copies data, "
|
|
"the string data has to be cloned. Otherwise we would get a double-free when "
|
|
"either string goes out of scope."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"C++ ha tomado una decisión algo distinta a Rust. Puesto que `=` copia los "
|
|
"datos, los datos de cadena deben clonarse. De lo contrario, obtendríamos un "
|
|
"error double free si alguna de las cadenas saliera fuera del ámbito."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/move.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"C++ also has [`std::move`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/move), "
|
|
"which is used to indicate when a value may be moved from. If the example had "
|
|
"been `s2 = std::move(s1)`, no heap allocation would take place. After the "
|
|
"move, `s1` would be in a valid but unspecified state. Unlike Rust, the "
|
|
"programmer is allowed to keep using `s1`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"C++ también tiene [`std::move`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/utility/"
|
|
"move), que se usa para indicar cuándo se puede mover un valor. Si el ejemplo "
|
|
"hubiera sido `s2 = std::move(s1)`, no se llevaría a cabo ninguna asignación "
|
|
"de montículo. Después del movimiento, `s1` tendría un estado válido, pero no "
|
|
"especificado. A diferencia de Rust, el programador puede seguir utilizando "
|
|
"`s1`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/move.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Unlike Rust, `=` in C++ can run arbitrary code as determined by the type "
|
|
"which is being copied or moved."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"A diferencia de Rust, en C++ se puede ejecutar código arbitrario con `=` "
|
|
"según el tipo que se vaya a copiar o mover."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/clone.md
|
|
msgid "Clone"
|
|
msgstr "Clone"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/clone.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Sometimes you _want_ to make a copy of a value. The `Clone` trait "
|
|
"accomplishes this."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Cuando _queramos_ hacer una copia de un valor, podemos hacerlo con el trait "
|
|
"`Clone`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/clone.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The idea of `Clone` is to make it easy to spot where heap allocations are "
|
|
"occurring. Look for `.clone()` and a few others like `Vec::new` or `Box::"
|
|
"new`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La función de `Clone` es poder encontrar fácilmente dónde se producen las "
|
|
"asignaciones de montículos. Busca `.clone()` y otros elementos como `Vec::"
|
|
"new` o `Box::new`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/clone.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"It's common to \"clone your way out\" of problems with the borrow checker, "
|
|
"and return later to try to optimize those clones away."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Es habitual \"clonar para salir\" de los problemas con el verificador de "
|
|
"préstamos y volver más tarde para optimizar esos clones."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"While move semantics are the default, certain types are copied by default:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Aunque la semántica de movimiento es la opción predeterminada, algunos tipos "
|
|
"se copian de forma predeterminada:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md
|
|
msgid "These types implement the `Copy` trait."
|
|
msgstr "Estos tipos implementan el trait `Copy`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md
|
|
msgid "You can opt-in your own types to use copy semantics:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Puedes habilitar tus propios tipos para que usen la semántica de copia:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md
|
|
msgid "After the assignment, both `p1` and `p2` own their own data."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Después de la asignación, tanto `p1` como `p2` tienen sus propios datos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md
|
|
msgid "We can also use `p1.clone()` to explicitly copy the data."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"También podemos utilizar `p1.clone()` para copiar los datos de forma "
|
|
"explícita."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md
|
|
msgid "Copying and cloning are not the same thing:"
|
|
msgstr "Copiar y clonar no es lo mismo:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Copying refers to bitwise copies of memory regions and does not work on "
|
|
"arbitrary objects."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Copiar hace referencia a las copias bit a bit de regiones de memoria y no "
|
|
"funciona en cualquier objeto."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Copying does not allow for custom logic (unlike copy constructors in C++)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Copiar no permite lógica personalizada (a diferencia de los constructores de "
|
|
"copias de C++)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Cloning is a more general operation and also allows for custom behavior by "
|
|
"implementing the `Clone` trait."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Clonar es una operación más general y que permite un comportamiento "
|
|
"personalizado implementando el trait `Clone`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md
|
|
msgid "Copying does not work on types that implement the `Drop` trait."
|
|
msgstr "Copiar no funciona en los tipos que implementan el trait `Drop`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md
|
|
msgid "In the above example, try the following:"
|
|
msgstr "En el ejemplo anterior, prueba lo siguiente:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Add a `String` field to `struct Point`. It will not compile because `String` "
|
|
"is not a `Copy` type."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Añade un campo `String` a `struct Point`. No se compilará porque `String` no "
|
|
"es de tipo `Copy`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Remove `Copy` from the `derive` attribute. The compiler error is now in the "
|
|
"`println!` for `p1`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Elimina `Copy` del atributo `derive`. El error del compilador se encuentra "
|
|
"ahora en `println!` para `p1`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/copy-types.md
|
|
msgid "Show that it works if you clone `p1` instead."
|
|
msgstr "Demuestra que funciona si clonas `p1`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/drop.md
|
|
msgid "The `Drop` Trait"
|
|
msgstr "El Trait `Drop`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/drop.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Values which implement [`Drop`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Drop."
|
|
"html) can specify code to run when they go out of scope:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los valores que implementan [`Drop`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait."
|
|
"Drop.html) pueden especificar el código que se ejecutará cuando salgan del "
|
|
"ámbito:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/drop.md
|
|
msgid "\"Dropping {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Suprimiendo {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/drop.md src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
|
|
msgid "\"a\""
|
|
msgstr "\"a\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/drop.md src/testing/googletest.md
|
|
msgid "\"b\""
|
|
msgstr "\"b\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/drop.md
|
|
msgid "\"c\""
|
|
msgstr "\"c\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/drop.md
|
|
msgid "\"d\""
|
|
msgstr "\"d\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/drop.md
|
|
msgid "\"Exiting block B\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Saliendo del bloque B\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/drop.md
|
|
msgid "\"Exiting block A\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Saliendo del bloque A\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/drop.md
|
|
msgid "\"Exiting main\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Saliendo de la página principal\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/drop.md
|
|
msgid "Note that `std::mem::drop` is not the same as `std::ops::Drop::drop`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ten en cuenta que `std::mem::drop` no es igual que `std::ops::Drop::drop`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/drop.md
|
|
msgid "Values are automatically dropped when they go out of scope."
|
|
msgstr "Los valores se suprimen automáticamente cuando salen del ámbito."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/drop.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"When a value is dropped, if it implements `std::ops::Drop` then its `Drop::"
|
|
"drop` implementation will be called."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Cuando se elimina un valor, si implementa `std::ops::Drop`, se llamará a su "
|
|
"implementación `Drop::drop`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/drop.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"All its fields will then be dropped too, whether or not it implements `Drop`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"También se suprimirán todos sus campos, independientemente de si implementa "
|
|
"o no `Drop`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/drop.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`std::mem::drop` is just an empty function that takes any value. The "
|
|
"significance is that it takes ownership of the value, so at the end of its "
|
|
"scope it gets dropped. This makes it a convenient way to explicitly drop "
|
|
"values earlier than they would otherwise go out of scope."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`std::mem::drop` es solo una función vacía que toma cualquier valor. Es "
|
|
"importante saber que toma la propiedad del valor, por lo que se descarta al "
|
|
"final de su ámbito. Se trata de una forma sencilla de suprimir los valores "
|
|
"de forma explícita antes que si se salen de su ámbito."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/drop.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This can be useful for objects that do some work on `drop`: releasing locks, "
|
|
"closing files, etc."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Esta acción puede ser útil para los objetos que trabajan con `drop`, como "
|
|
"liberando bloqueos, cerrando archivos, etc."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/drop.md
|
|
msgid "Why doesn't `Drop::drop` take `self`?"
|
|
msgstr "¿Por qué `Drop::drop` no acepta `self`?"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/drop.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Short-answer: If it did, `std::mem::drop` would be called at the end of the "
|
|
"block, resulting in another call to `Drop::drop`, and a stack overflow!"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Respuesta corta: si lo hiciera, se llamaría a `std::mem::drop` al final del "
|
|
"bloque, lo que daría como resultado otra llamada a `Drop::drop` y un "
|
|
"desbordamiento de la _stack_."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/drop.md
|
|
msgid "Try replacing `drop(a)` with `a.drop()`."
|
|
msgstr "Prueba a sustituir `drop(a)` por `a.drop()`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In this example, we will implement a complex data type that owns all of its "
|
|
"data. We will use the \"builder pattern\" to support building a new value "
|
|
"piece-by-piece, using convenience functions."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En este ejemplo, implementaremos un tipo de datos complejo que posee todos "
|
|
"sus datos. Utilizaremos el \"patrón de compilación\" para permitir la "
|
|
"compilación de un nuevo valor parte por parte mediante funciones prácticas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "Fill in the missing pieces."
|
|
msgstr "Rellena las partes que faltan."
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// A representation of a software package.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Una representación de un paquete de software.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// Return a representation of this package as a dependency, for use in\n"
|
|
" /// building other packages.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"/// Devuelve una representación de este paquete como una dependencia para "
|
|
"usarla\n"
|
|
" /// en la compilación de otros paquetes.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "\"1\""
|
|
msgstr "\"1\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// A builder for a Package. Use `build()` to create the `Package` itself.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"/// Un compilador para un Package. Usa `build()` para crear el `Package`.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "\"2\""
|
|
msgstr "\"2\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// Set the package version.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Define la versión del paquete.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// Set the package authors.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Define los autores del paquete.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "\"3\""
|
|
msgstr "\"3\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// Add an additional dependency.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Añade una dependencia adicional.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "\"4\""
|
|
msgstr "\"4\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// Set the language. If not set, language defaults to None.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"/// Define el idioma. Si no se define, el idioma predeterminado será None.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "\"5\""
|
|
msgstr "\"5\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"base64\""
|
|
msgstr "\"base64\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"0.13\""
|
|
msgstr "\"0.13\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"base64: {base64:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"base64: {base64:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"log\""
|
|
msgstr "\"log\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"0.4\""
|
|
msgstr "\"0.4\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"log: {log:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"registro: {log:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"serde\""
|
|
msgstr "\"serde\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"djmitche\""
|
|
msgstr "\"djmitche\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"4.0\""
|
|
msgstr "\"4.0\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/exercise.md src/memory-management/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"serde: {serde:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"serde: {serde:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/memory-management/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"0.1\""
|
|
msgstr "\"0.1\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers.md
|
|
msgid "[Box"
|
|
msgstr "[Box"
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers.md
|
|
msgid "](./smart-pointers/box.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "](./smart-pointers/box.md) (10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers.md
|
|
msgid "[Rc](./smart-pointers/rc.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Rc](./smart-pointers/rc.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers.md
|
|
msgid "[Exercise: Binary Tree](./smart-pointers/exercise.md) (30 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Ejercicio: árbol binario](./smart-pointers/exercise.md) (30 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[`Box`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/boxed/struct.Box.html) is an owned "
|
|
"pointer to data on the heap:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[`Box`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/boxed/struct.Box.html) es un puntero "
|
|
"propio de datos en el _heap_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
|
|
msgid "\"five: {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"cinco: {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`Box<T>` implements `Deref<Target = T>`, which means that you can [call "
|
|
"methods from `T` directly on a `Box<T>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/"
|
|
"trait.Deref.html#more-on-deref-coercion)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`Box<T>` implementa `Deref<Target = T>`, lo que significa que puedes [llamar "
|
|
"a métodos desde `T` directamente en un `Box<T>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/"
|
|
"std/ops/trait.Deref.html#more-on-deref-coercion)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Recursive data types or data types with dynamic sizes need to use a `Box`:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los tipos de datos recursivos o los tipos de datos con tamaños dinámicos "
|
|
"deben utilizar un `Box`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
|
|
msgid "/// A non-empty list: first element and the rest of the list.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Una lista no vacía: el primer elemento y el resto de la lista.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
|
|
msgid "/// An empty list.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Una lista vacía.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
|
|
msgid "\"{list:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{list:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```bob\n"
|
|
" Stack Heap\n"
|
|
".- - - - - - - - - - - - - - . .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - "
|
|
"- - - - -.\n"
|
|
": : : :\n"
|
|
": "
|
|
"list : : :\n"
|
|
": +---------+----+----+ : : +---------+----+----+ +------+----"
|
|
"+----+ :\n"
|
|
": | Element | 1 | o--+----+-----+--->| Element | 2 | o--+--->| Nil | // "
|
|
"| // | :\n"
|
|
": +---------+----+----+ : : +---------+----+----+ +------+----"
|
|
"+----+ :\n"
|
|
": : : :\n"
|
|
": : : :\n"
|
|
"'- - - - - - - - - - - - - - ' '- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - "
|
|
"- - - - -'\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"```bob\n"
|
|
" _Stack_ _Heap_\n"
|
|
".- - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - "
|
|
"- -.\n"
|
|
": : : :\n"
|
|
": "
|
|
"list : : :\n"
|
|
": +------+----+----+ : : +------+----+----+ +------+----+----"
|
|
"+ :\n"
|
|
": | Cons | 1 | o--+----+-----+--->| Cons | 2 | o--+--->| Nil | // | // "
|
|
"| :\n"
|
|
": +------+----+----+ : : +------+----+----+ +------+----+----"
|
|
"+ :\n"
|
|
": : : :\n"
|
|
": : : :\n"
|
|
"'- - - - - - - - - - - - -' '- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - "
|
|
"- -'\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`Box` is like `std::unique_ptr` in C++, except that it's guaranteed to be "
|
|
"not null."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`Box` es igual que `std::unique_ptr` en C++, salvo que está asegurado que no "
|
|
"será nulo. "
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
|
|
msgid "A `Box` can be useful when you:"
|
|
msgstr "Un `Box` puede resultar útil en los siguientes casos:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"have a type whose size that can't be known at compile time, but the Rust "
|
|
"compiler wants to know an exact size."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si tienes un tipo cuyo tamaño no se conoce durante la compilación, pero el "
|
|
"compilador de Rust quiere saber el tamaño exacto."
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"want to transfer ownership of a large amount of data. To avoid copying large "
|
|
"amounts of data on the stack, instead store the data on the heap in a `Box` "
|
|
"so only the pointer is moved."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si quieres transferir la propiedad de una gran cantidad de datos. Para "
|
|
"evitar que se copien grandes cantidades de datos en la _stack_, almacena los "
|
|
"datos del _heap_ en un `Box` para que solo se mueva el puntero."
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If `Box` was not used and we attempted to embed a `List` directly into the "
|
|
"`List`, the compiler would not compute a fixed size of the struct in memory "
|
|
"(`List` would be of infinite size)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si no se utiliza `Box` e intentamos insertar un `List` directamente dentro "
|
|
"de `List`, el compilador no calcularía un tamaño fijo de la estructura en la "
|
|
"memoria (`List` tendría un tamaño infinito)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`Box` solves this problem as it has the same size as a regular pointer and "
|
|
"just points at the next element of the `List` in the heap."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`Box` resuelve este problema, ya que tiene el mismo tamaño que un puntero "
|
|
"normal y solo apunta al siguiente elemento de la `List` en el _heap_."
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Remove the `Box` in the List definition and show the compiler error. "
|
|
"\"Recursive with indirection\" is a hint you might want to use a Box or "
|
|
"reference of some kind, instead of storing a value directly."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Elimina `Box` de la definición de la lista y muestra el error del "
|
|
"compilador. \"Recursivo con indirección\" es una sugerencia de que puedes "
|
|
"usar un Box o referencia de algún tipo, en lugar de almacenar un valor "
|
|
"directamente."
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
|
|
msgid "Niche Optimization"
|
|
msgstr "Optimización de la Memoria"
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A `Box` cannot be empty, so the pointer is always valid and non-`null`. This "
|
|
"allows the compiler to optimize the memory layout:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`Box` no puede estar vacío, por lo que el puntero siempre es válido y no "
|
|
"`null`. Esto permite que el compilador optimice el diseño de la memoria:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/box.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```bob\n"
|
|
" Stack Heap\n"
|
|
".- - - - - - - - - - - - - - . .- - - - - - - - - - - - - -.\n"
|
|
": : : :\n"
|
|
": list : : :\n"
|
|
": +---------+----+----+ : : +---------+----+----+ :\n"
|
|
": | Element | 1 | o--+----+-----+--->| Element | 2 | // | :\n"
|
|
": +---------+----+----+ : : +---------+----+----+ :\n"
|
|
": : : :\n"
|
|
": : : :\n"
|
|
"'- - - - - - - - - - - - - - ' '- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"```bob\n"
|
|
" _Stack_ _Heap_\n"
|
|
".- - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - "
|
|
"- -.\n"
|
|
": : : :\n"
|
|
": "
|
|
"list : : :\n"
|
|
": +------+----+----+ : : +------+----+----+ +------+----+----"
|
|
"+ :\n"
|
|
": | Cons | 1 | o--+----+-----+--->| Cons | 2 | o--+--->| Nil | // | // "
|
|
"| :\n"
|
|
": +------+----+----+ : : +------+----+----+ +------+----+----"
|
|
"+ :\n"
|
|
": : : :\n"
|
|
": : : :\n"
|
|
"'- - - - - - - - - - - - -' '- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - "
|
|
"- -'\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[`Rc`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/rc/struct.Rc.html) is a reference-"
|
|
"counted shared pointer. Use this when you need to refer to the same data "
|
|
"from multiple places:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[`Rc`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/rc/struct.Rc.html) es un puntero "
|
|
"compartido de referencia contada. Utilízalo cuando necesites hacer "
|
|
"referencia a los mismos datos desde varios lugares:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md
|
|
msgid "\"a: {a}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"a: {a}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md
|
|
msgid "\"b: {b}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"b: {b}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"See [`Arc`](../concurrency/shared_state/arc.md) and [`Mutex`](https://doc."
|
|
"rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html) if you are in a multi-threaded "
|
|
"context."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Consulta [`Arc`](../concurrency/shared_state/arc.md) y [`Mutex`](https://doc."
|
|
"rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html) si te encuentras en un contexto "
|
|
"multihilo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You can _downgrade_ a shared pointer into a [`Weak`](https://doc.rust-lang."
|
|
"org/std/rc/struct.Weak.html) pointer to create cycles that will get dropped."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Puedes _degradar_ un puntero compartido en un puntero [`Weak`](https://doc."
|
|
"rust-lang.org/std/rc/struct.Weak.html) para crear ciclos que se abandonarán."
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`Rc`'s count ensures that its contained value is valid for as long as there "
|
|
"are references."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El recuento de `Rc` asegura que el valor que contiene sea válido mientras "
|
|
"haya referencias."
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md
|
|
msgid "`Rc` in Rust is like `std::shared_ptr` in C++."
|
|
msgstr "`Rc` en Rust es como `std::shared_ptr` en C++."
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`Rc::clone` is cheap: it creates a pointer to the same allocation and "
|
|
"increases the reference count. Does not make a deep clone and can generally "
|
|
"be ignored when looking for performance issues in code."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`Rc::clone` es simple: crea un puntero en la misma asignación y aumenta el "
|
|
"recuento de referencias. No hace clones completos y, por lo general, se "
|
|
"puede ignorar cuando se buscan problemas de rendimiento en el código."
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`make_mut` actually clones the inner value if necessary (\"clone-on-write\") "
|
|
"and returns a mutable reference."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`make_mut` clona el valor interno si es necesario (\"copiar al escribir\") y "
|
|
"devuelve una referencia mutable."
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md
|
|
msgid "Use `Rc::strong_count` to check the reference count."
|
|
msgstr "Comprueba el recuento de referencias con `Rc::strong_count`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/rc.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`Rc::downgrade` gives you a _weakly reference-counted_ object to create "
|
|
"cycles that will be dropped properly (likely in combination with `RefCell`)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`Rc::downgrade` ofrece un objeto _de referencia contada baja_ para crear "
|
|
"`Rc::downgrade` ofrece un objeto de _referencia contada débil_ para crear "
|
|
"`RefCell`)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A binary tree is a tree-type data structure where every node has two "
|
|
"children (left and right). We will create a tree where each node stores a "
|
|
"value. For a given node N, all nodes in a N's left subtree contain smaller "
|
|
"values, and all nodes in N's right subtree will contain larger values."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Un árbol binario es una estructura de datos de tipo árbol en la que cada "
|
|
"nodo tiene dos elementos secundarios (izquierda y derecha). Crearemos un "
|
|
"árbol en el que cada nodo almacene un valor. Para un nodo N dado, todos los "
|
|
"nodos del subárbol izquierdo de N contienen valores más pequeños, mientras "
|
|
"que todos los nodos del subárbol derecho de N contendrán valores de mayor "
|
|
"tamaño."
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "Implement the following types, so that the given tests pass."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Implementa los siguientes tipos para superar las pruebas correspondientes."
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Extra Credit: implement an iterator over a binary tree that returns the "
|
|
"values in order."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ejercicio adicional: implementar un iterador sobre un árbol binario que "
|
|
"devuelva los valores en orden."
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md src/smart-pointers/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// A node in the binary tree.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Un nodo del árbol binario.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md src/smart-pointers/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// A possibly-empty subtree.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Un subárbol posiblemente vacío.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md src/smart-pointers/solution.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// A container storing a set of values, using a binary tree.\n"
|
|
"///\n"
|
|
"/// If the same value is added multiple times, it is only stored once.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"/// Contenedor que almacena un conjunto de valores mediante un árbol "
|
|
"binario.\n"
|
|
"///\n"
|
|
"/// Si se añade el mismo valor varias veces, solo se almacena una vez.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "// Implement `new`, `insert`, `len`, and `has`.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Implementa `new`, `insert`, `len` y `has`.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/exercise.md src/smart-pointers/solution.md
|
|
msgid "// not a unique item\n"
|
|
msgstr "// No es un elemento único.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/smart-pointers/solution.md src/testing/googletest.md
|
|
msgid "\"bar\""
|
|
msgstr "\"bar\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-3-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "[Borrowing](./borrowing.md) (1 hour)"
|
|
msgstr "[Préstamos](./borrowing.md) (1 hora)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-3-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Slices and Lifetimes](./slices-and-lifetimes.md) (1 hour and 10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Slices y tiempos de vida](./slices-and-lifetimes.md) (1 hora y 10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-3-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Including 10 minute breaks, this session should take about 2 hours and 20 "
|
|
"minutes"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Contando con los descansos de 10 minutos, la duración prevista de la sesión "
|
|
"es de unas 2 horas y 20 minutos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing.md
|
|
msgid "[Borrowing a Value](./borrowing/shared.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Tomar prestado un valor](./borrowing/shared.md) (10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing.md
|
|
msgid "[Borrow Checking](./borrowing/borrowck.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Comprobación de préstamos](./borrowing/borrowck.md) (10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing.md
|
|
msgid "[Interior Mutability](./borrowing/interior-mutability.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Mutabilidad interior](./borrowing/interior-mutability.md) (10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing.md
|
|
msgid "[Exercise: Health Statistics](./borrowing/exercise.md) (30 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Ejercicio: estadísticas de salud](./borrowing/exercise.md) (30 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing/shared.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"As we saw before, instead of transferring ownership when calling a function, "
|
|
"you can let a function _borrow_ the value:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En lugar de transferir el _ownership_ al llamar a una función, puedes "
|
|
"permitir que una función _tome prestado_ el valor:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing/shared.md
|
|
msgid "The `add` function _borrows_ two points and returns a new point."
|
|
msgstr "La función `add` _toma prestados_ dos puntos y devuelve uno nuevo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing/shared.md
|
|
msgid "The caller retains ownership of the inputs."
|
|
msgstr "El llamador conserva el _ownership_ de las entradas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing/shared.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This slide is a review of the material on references from day 1, expanding "
|
|
"slightly to include function arguments and return values."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En esta diapositiva se repasará el material de las referencias desde día 1 y "
|
|
"se ampliará un poco para incluir los argumentos de las funciones y los "
|
|
"valores devueltos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing/shared.md
|
|
msgid "Notes on stack returns:"
|
|
msgstr "Notas sobre la devolución de resultados de la _stack_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing/shared.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Demonstrate that the return from `add` is cheap because the compiler can "
|
|
"eliminate the copy operation. Change the above code to print stack addresses "
|
|
"and run it on the [Playground](https://play.rust-lang.org/?"
|
|
"version=stable&mode=release&edition=2021&gist=0cb13be1c05d7e3446686ad9947c4671) "
|
|
"or look at the assembly in [Godbolt](https://rust.godbolt.org/). In the "
|
|
"\"DEBUG\" optimization level, the addresses should change, while they stay "
|
|
"the same when changing to the \"RELEASE\" setting:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Demuestra que la instrucción de retorno de `add` es fácil porque el "
|
|
"compilador puede eliminar la operación de copia. Cambia el código anterior "
|
|
"para imprimir las direcciones de la _stack_ y ejecutarlas en el [Playground]"
|
|
"(https://play.rust-lang.org/) o consulta el ensamblador en [Godbolt](https://"
|
|
"rust.godbolt.org/). En el nivel de optimización \"DEBUG\", las direcciones "
|
|
"deberían cambiar. Sin embargo, deberían mantenerse igual modificar la "
|
|
"configuración \"RELEASE\":"
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing/shared.md
|
|
msgid "The Rust compiler can do return value optimization (RVO)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El compilador de Rust puede hacer la optimización del valor devuelto (RVO)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing/shared.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In C++, copy elision has to be defined in the language specification because "
|
|
"constructors can have side effects. In Rust, this is not an issue at all. If "
|
|
"RVO did not happen, Rust will always perform a simple and efficient `memcpy` "
|
|
"copy."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En C++, la elisión de copia tiene que definirse en la especificación del "
|
|
"lenguaje, ya que los constructores pueden tener efectos secundarios. En "
|
|
"Rust, esto no supone ningún problema. Si no hay RVO, Rust siempre realizará "
|
|
"una copia `memcpy` simple y eficiente."
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing/borrowck.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust's _borrow checker_ puts constraints on the ways you can borrow values. "
|
|
"For a given value, at any time:"
|
|
msgstr "Rust limita las formas en que se pueden tomar prestados valores:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing/borrowck.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "You can have one or more shared references to the value, _or_"
|
|
msgstr "Puedes tener uno o varios valores `&T` en un momento dado, _o_"
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing/borrowck.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "You can have exactly one exclusive reference to the value."
|
|
msgstr "puedes tener exactamente un valor `&mut T`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing/borrowck.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Note that the requirement is that conflicting references not _exist_ at the "
|
|
"same point. It does not matter where the reference is dereferenced."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ten en cuenta que el requisito es que las referencias que están en conflicto "
|
|
"no _se encuentren_ en el mismo punto. No importa en el lugar en el que se "
|
|
"desreferencie la referencia."
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing/borrowck.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The above code does not compile because `a` is borrowed as mutable (through "
|
|
"`c`) and as immutable (through `b`) at the same time."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El código anterior no se compila porque `a` se toma prestada como mutable (a "
|
|
"través de `c`) y como inmutable (a través de `b`) al mismo tiempo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing/borrowck.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Move the `println!` statement for `b` before the scope that introduces `c` "
|
|
"to make the code compile."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Mueve la instrucción `println!` de `b` antes del ámbito que introduce `c` "
|
|
"para que el código compile."
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing/borrowck.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"After that change, the compiler realizes that `b` is only ever used before "
|
|
"the new mutable borrow of `a` through `c`. This is a feature of the borrow "
|
|
"checker called \"non-lexical lifetimes\"."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Después de ese cambio, el compilador se da cuenta de que `b` solo se usa "
|
|
"antes del nuevo préstamo mutable de `a` a través de `c`. Se trata de una "
|
|
"función del verificador de préstamos denominada \"tiempo de vida no léxico\"."
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing/borrowck.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The exclusive reference constraint is quite strong. Rust uses it to ensure "
|
|
"that data races do not occur. Rust also _relies_ on this constraint to "
|
|
"optimize code. For example, a value behind a shared reference can be safely "
|
|
"cached in a register for the lifetime of that reference."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La restricción de referencia exclusiva es bastante sólida. Rust la utiliza "
|
|
"para asegurarse de que no se produzcan data races. Rust también _se basa_ en "
|
|
"esta restricción para optimizar el código. Por ejemplo, el valor de una "
|
|
"referencia compartida se puede almacenar en caché de forma segura en un "
|
|
"registro durante el tiempo de vida de dicha referencia."
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing/borrowck.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The borrow checker is designed to accommodate many common patterns, such as "
|
|
"taking exclusive references to different fields in a struct at the same "
|
|
"time. But, there are some situations where it doesn't quite \"get it\" and "
|
|
"this often results in \"fighting with the borrow checker.\""
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El verificador de préstamos está diseñado para adaptarse a muchos patrones "
|
|
"comunes, como tomar referencias exclusivas en diferentes campos de un struct "
|
|
"al mismo tiempo. Sin embargo, hay algunas situaciones en las que \"no lo "
|
|
"entiende del todo\", lo que suele dar lugar a \"conflictos con el "
|
|
"comprobador de préstamos.\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In some situations, it's necessary to modify data behind a shared (read-"
|
|
"only) reference. For example, a shared data structure might have an internal "
|
|
"cache, and wish to update that cache from read-only methods."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En algunas situaciones, es necesario modificar los datos subyacentes a una "
|
|
"referencia compartida (de solo lectura). Por ejemplo, una estructura de "
|
|
"datos compartida puede contar con una caché interna y pretender actualizarla "
|
|
"con métodos de solo lectura."
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The \"interior mutability\" pattern allows exclusive (mutable) access behind "
|
|
"a shared reference. The standard library provides several ways to do this, "
|
|
"all while still ensuring safety, typically by performing a runtime check."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El patrón \"mutabilidad interior\" permite el acceso exclusivo (mutable) "
|
|
"desde una referencia compartida. La biblioteca estándar ofrece varias formas "
|
|
"de hacerlo y, al mismo tiempo, garantiza la seguridad, normalmente mediante "
|
|
"una comprobación del tiempo de ejecución."
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md
|
|
msgid "`RefCell`"
|
|
msgstr "`RefCell`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md
|
|
msgid "\"graph: {root:#?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"gráfico: {root:#?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md
|
|
msgid "\"graph sum: {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"suma de gráfico: {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md
|
|
msgid "`Cell`"
|
|
msgstr "`Cell`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`Cell` wraps a value and allows getting or setting the value, even with a "
|
|
"shared reference to the `Cell`. However, it does not allow any references to "
|
|
"the value. Since there are no references, borrowing rules cannot be broken."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`Cell` envuelve un valor y permite obtenerlo o definirlo, incluso con una "
|
|
"referencia compartida a `Cell`. Sin embargo, no permite obtener referencias "
|
|
"al valor. Como no hay referencias, las reglas de préstamos no pueden "
|
|
"quebrantarse."
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The main thing to take away from this slide is that Rust provides _safe_ "
|
|
"ways to modify data behind a shared reference. There are a variety of ways "
|
|
"to ensure that safety, and `RefCell` and `Cell` are two of them."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Lo más importante de esta diapositiva es que Rust ofrece formas _seguras_ de "
|
|
"modificar los datos subyacentes a una referencia compartida. Hay varias "
|
|
"formas de garantizar la seguridad, como `RefCell` y `Cell`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`RefCell` enforces Rust's usual borrowing rules (either multiple shared "
|
|
"references or a single exclusive reference) with a runtime check. In this "
|
|
"case, all borrows are very short and never overlap, so the checks always "
|
|
"succeed."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`RefCell` implementa las reglas de préstamos habituales de Rust (varias "
|
|
"referencias compartidas o una única referencia exclusiva) con una "
|
|
"comprobación del tiempo de ejecución. En este caso, todos los préstamos son "
|
|
"muy cortos y nunca se solapan, por lo que las comprobaciones siempre se "
|
|
"llevan a cabo de forma correcta."
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`Rc` only allows shared (read-only) access to its contents, since its "
|
|
"purpose is to allow (and count) many references. But we want to modify the "
|
|
"value, so we need interior mutability."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`Rc` solo permite el acceso compartido (de solo lectura) a su contenido, ya "
|
|
"que su objetivo es permitir (y contar) muchas referencias. Ya que nuestro "
|
|
"objetivo modificar el valor, necesitamos utilizar la mutabilidad interna."
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`Cell` is a simpler means to ensure safety: it has a `set` method that takes "
|
|
"`&self`. This needs no runtime check, but requires moving values, which can "
|
|
"have its own cost."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`Cell` es un medio más sencillo de garantizar la seguridad: tiene un método "
|
|
"`set` que utiliza `&self`. No es necesario comprobar el tiempo de ejecución, "
|
|
"pero sí es necesario transferir los valores, lo que puede tener su propio "
|
|
"coste."
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Demonstrate that reference loops can be created by adding `root` to `subtree."
|
|
"children`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Demuestra que se pueden crear bucles de referencia añadiendo `root` a "
|
|
"`subtree.children`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing/interior-mutability.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"To demonstrate a runtime panic, add a `fn inc(&mut self)` that increments "
|
|
"`self.value` and calls the same method on its children. This will panic in "
|
|
"the presence of the reference loop, with `thread 'main' panicked at 'already "
|
|
"borrowed: BorrowMutError'`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Para demostrar un pánico en tiempo de ejecución, añade un `fn inc(&mut "
|
|
"self)` que incremente `self.value` y llame al mismo método en sus hijos. "
|
|
"Esto entrará en pánico en presencia del bucle de referencia, con `thread "
|
|
"'main' panicked at 'already borrowed: BorrowMutError'`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You're working on implementing a health-monitoring system. As part of that, "
|
|
"you need to keep track of users' health statistics."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Estás trabajando en la implementación de un sistema de monitorización de "
|
|
"salud. Por ello, debes realizar un seguimiento de las estadísticas de salud "
|
|
"de los usuarios."
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing/exercise.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You'll start with a stubbed function in an `impl` block as well as a `User` "
|
|
"struct definition. Your goal is to implement the stubbed out method on the "
|
|
"`User` `struct` defined in the `impl` block."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Comenzarás con algunas funciones stub en un bloque `impl`, así como con una "
|
|
"definición de estructura `User`. Tu objetivo es implementar métodos con "
|
|
"stubs en la `struct` `User` definida en el bloque `impl`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing/exercise.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Copy the code below to <https://play.rust-lang.org/> and fill in the missing "
|
|
"method:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Copia el fragmento de código que aparece más abajo en la página <https://"
|
|
"play.rust-lang.org/> y rellena los métodos que faltan:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"\"Update a user's statistics based on measurements from a visit to the "
|
|
"doctor\""
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"\"Actualiza las estadísticas de un usuario en función de las mediciones "
|
|
"obtenidas durante una consulta médica\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing/exercise.md src/borrowing/solution.md
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/library.md src/android/aidl/client.md
|
|
msgid "\"Bob\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Bob\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/borrowing/exercise.md src/borrowing/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"I'm {} and my age is {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Me llamo {} y tengo {} años\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes.md
|
|
msgid "[Slices: &\\[T\\]](./slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Slices: &\\[T\\]](./slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md) (10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes.md
|
|
msgid "[String References](./slices-and-lifetimes/str.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Referencias de cadenas](./slices-and-lifetimes/str.md) (10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Lifetime Annotations](./slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md) (10 "
|
|
"minutes)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Anotaciones de tiempos de vida](./slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations."
|
|
"md) (10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Lifetime Elision](./slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Omisión de tiempos de vida](./slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md) (5 "
|
|
"minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Struct Lifetimes](./slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Tiempos de vida de structs](./slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md) (5 "
|
|
"minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Exercise: Protobuf Parsing](./slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md) (30 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Ejercicio: análisis de Protobuf](./slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md) (30 "
|
|
"minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md
|
|
msgid "Slices"
|
|
msgstr "Slices"
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md
|
|
msgid "A slice gives you a view into a larger collection:"
|
|
msgstr "Un _slice_ ofrece una visión de una colección más amplia:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md
|
|
msgid "Slices borrow data from the sliced type."
|
|
msgstr "Los slices toman prestados datos del tipo slice."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md
|
|
msgid "Question: What happens if you modify `a[3]` right before printing `s`?"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Pregunta: ¿Qué ocurre si se modifica `a[3]` justo antes de imprimir `s`?"
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"We create a slice by borrowing `a` and specifying the starting and ending "
|
|
"indexes in brackets."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Creamos un slice tomando prestado `a` y especificando entre paréntesis los "
|
|
"índices de inicio y de fin."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If the slice starts at index 0, Rust’s range syntax allows us to drop the "
|
|
"starting index, meaning that `&a[0..a.len()]` and `&a[..a.len()]` are "
|
|
"identical."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si el slice comienza en el índice 0, la sintaxis de rango de Rust nos "
|
|
"permite eliminar el índice inicial, lo que significa que `&a[0..a.len()]` y "
|
|
"`&a[..a.len()]` son idénticos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The same is true for the last index, so `&a[2..a.len()]` and `&a[2..]` are "
|
|
"identical."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Lo mismo ocurre con el último índice, por lo que `&a[2..a.len()]` y "
|
|
"`&a[2..]` son idénticos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"To easily create a slice of the full array, we can therefore use `&a[..]`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Para crear fácilmente un slice del array completo, podemos usar `&a[..]`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`s` is a reference to a slice of `i32`s. Notice that the type of `s` "
|
|
"(`&[i32]`) no longer mentions the array length. This allows us to perform "
|
|
"computation on slices of different sizes."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`s` es una referencia a un slice de `i32`s. Ten en cuenta que el tipo de `s` "
|
|
"(`&[i32]`) ya no menciona la longitud del array. Esto nos permite realizar "
|
|
"cálculos en slices de diferentes tamaños."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Slices always borrow from another object. In this example, `a` has to remain "
|
|
"'alive' (in scope) for at least as long as our slice."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los slices siempre tienen préstamos de otros objetos. En este ejemplo, `a` "
|
|
"tiene que permanecer \"con vida\" (en el ámbito) al menos durante el tiempo "
|
|
"que dure el slice. "
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/slices.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The question about modifying `a[3]` can spark an interesting discussion, but "
|
|
"the answer is that for memory safety reasons you cannot do it through `a` at "
|
|
"this point in the execution, but you can read the data from both `a` and `s` "
|
|
"safely. It works before you created the slice, and again after the "
|
|
"`println`, when the slice is no longer used."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La cuestión sobre la modificación de `a[3]` puede suscitar un debate "
|
|
"interesante, pero la respuesta es que, por razones de seguridad de memoria, "
|
|
"no se puede hacer mediante `a` en este punto de la ejecución, pero sí se "
|
|
"pueden leer los datos de `a` y `s` de forma segura. Funciona antes de crear "
|
|
"el slice y después de `println`, cuando el slice ya no se utiliza. En la "
|
|
"sección que trata sobre el _borrow checker_ se dará más información."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"We can now understand the two string types in Rust: `&str` is almost like "
|
|
"`&[char]`, but with its data stored in a variable-length encoding (UTF-8)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ahora podemos entender los dos tipos de cadenas de Rust: `&str` es muy "
|
|
"parecida a `&[char]`, pero almacena sus datos en una codificación de "
|
|
"longitud variable (UTF-8)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md
|
|
msgid "\"s1: {s1}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"s1: {s1}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md
|
|
msgid "\"Hello \""
|
|
msgstr "\"¡Hola \""
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md
|
|
msgid "\"s3: {s3}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"s3: {s3}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md
|
|
msgid "Rust terminology:"
|
|
msgstr "Terminología de Rust:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md
|
|
msgid "`&str` an immutable reference to a string slice."
|
|
msgstr "`&str` es una referencia inmutable a un slice de una cadena."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md
|
|
msgid "`String` a mutable string buffer."
|
|
msgstr "`String` es un búfer de cadena mutable."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`&str` introduces a string slice, which is an immutable reference to UTF-8 "
|
|
"encoded string data stored in a block of memory. String literals "
|
|
"(`”Hello”`), are stored in the program’s binary."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`&str` introduce un slice de cadena, que es una referencia inmutable a los "
|
|
"datos de cadena codificados en UTF-8 y almacenados en un bloque de memoria. "
|
|
"Los literales de cadena (`\"Hello\"`) se almacenan en el binario del "
|
|
"programa."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust’s `String` type is a wrapper around a vector of bytes. As with a "
|
|
"`Vec<T>`, it is owned."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El tipo `String` de Rust es un envoltorio que rodea a un vector de bytes. "
|
|
"Como sucede con `Vec<T>`, tiene propiedad."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"As with many other types `String::from()` creates a string from a string "
|
|
"literal; `String::new()` creates a new empty string, to which string data "
|
|
"can be added using the `push()` and `push_str()` methods."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Al igual que ocurre con muchos otros tipos, `String::from()` crea una cadena "
|
|
"a partir de un literal de cadena. `String::new()` crea una cadena vacía a la "
|
|
"que se pueden añadir los datos de la cadena mediante los métodos `push()` y "
|
|
"`push_str()`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `format!()` macro is a convenient way to generate an owned string from "
|
|
"dynamic values. It accepts the same format specification as `println!()`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La macro `format!()` es una forma práctica de generar una cadena propia a "
|
|
"partir de valores dinámicos. Acepta la misma especificación de formato que "
|
|
"`println!()`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You can borrow `&str` slices from `String` via `&` and optionally range "
|
|
"selection. If you select a byte range that is not aligned to character "
|
|
"boundaries, the expression will panic. The `chars` iterator iterates over "
|
|
"characters and is preferred over trying to get character boundaries right."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Puedes tomar prestados slices `&str` de `String` a través de `&` y, de forma "
|
|
"opcional, la selección de intervalos. Si seleccionas un intervalo de bytes "
|
|
"que no esté alineado con los límites de caracteres, la expresión activará un "
|
|
"pánico. El iterador `chars` itera sobre los caracteres y se aconseja esta "
|
|
"opción a intentar definir los límites de los caracteres correctamente."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"For C++ programmers: think of `&str` as `std::string_view` from C++, but the "
|
|
"one that always points to a valid string in memory. Rust `String` is a rough "
|
|
"equivalent of `std::string` from C++ (main difference: it can only contain "
|
|
"UTF-8 encoded bytes and will never use a small-string optimization)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Para los programadores de C++: piensa en `&str` como el `const char*` de C+"
|
|
"+, pero el que siempre apunta a una cadena válida en la memoria. `String` de "
|
|
"Rust es parecido a `std::string` de C++ (la diferencia principal es que "
|
|
"solo puede contener bytes codificados en UTF-8 y nunca utilizará una "
|
|
"optimización de cadena pequeña)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/str.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Byte strings literals allow you to create a `&[u8]` value directly:"
|
|
msgstr "Las cadenas de bytes te permiten crear un valor `&[u8]` directamente:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A reference has a _lifetime_, which must not \"outlive\" the value it refers "
|
|
"to. This is verified by the borrow checker."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Una referencia tiene un valor de _tiempo de vida_ que no debe \"superar\" el "
|
|
"valor al que hace referencia. El verificador de préstamos se encarga de "
|
|
"comprobarlo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The lifetime can be implicit - this is what we have seen so far. Lifetimes "
|
|
"can also be explicit: `&'a Point`, `&'document str`. Lifetimes start with "
|
|
"`'` and `'a` is a typical default name. Read `&'a Point` as \"a borrowed "
|
|
"`Point` which is valid for at least the lifetime `a`\"."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El tiempo de vida puede ser implícito, como hemos visto hasta ahora, pero "
|
|
"también explícito, como es el caso de `&'a Point` y `&'document str`. Los "
|
|
"tiempos de vida empiezan por `'` y `'a` es el nombre predeterminado que se "
|
|
"suele usar. Lee `&'a Point` como \"un `Point` prestado que es válido al "
|
|
"menos durante el tiempo de vida `a`\"."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Lifetimes are always inferred by the compiler: you cannot assign a lifetime "
|
|
"yourself. Explicit lifetime annotations create constraints where there is "
|
|
"ambiguity; the compiler verifies that there is a valid solution."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Las anotaciones durante el tiempo de vida crean restricciones. El compilador "
|
|
"verifica que hay una solución válida."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Lifetimes become more complicated when considering passing values to and "
|
|
"returning values from functions."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los tiempos de vida se vuelven más complejos cuando se tiene en cuenta la "
|
|
"transferencia y devolución de valores a las funciones."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md
|
|
msgid "// What is the lifetime of p3?\n"
|
|
msgstr "// ¿Cuál es el tiempo de vida de p3?\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md
|
|
msgid "\"p3: {p3:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"p3: {p3:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In this example, the the compiler does not know what lifetime to infer for "
|
|
"`p3`. Looking inside the function body shows that it can only safely assume "
|
|
"that `p3`'s lifetime is the shorter of `p1` and `p2`. But just like types, "
|
|
"Rust requires explicit annotations of lifetimes on function arguments and "
|
|
"return values."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En este ejemplo, el compilador no conoce el tiempo de vida que se debe "
|
|
"inferir para `p3`. Al examinar el cuerpo de la función, solo se puede "
|
|
"suponer con seguridad que el tiempo de vida de `p3` es menor que`p1` y `p2`. "
|
|
"Sin embargo, como sucede con los tipos, Rust requiere anotaciones explícitas "
|
|
"de los tiempos de vida en los argumentos de las funciones y los valores "
|
|
"devueltos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md
|
|
msgid "Add `'a` appropriately to `left_most`:"
|
|
msgstr "Añade `'a` correctamente a `left_most`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This says, \"given p1 and p2 which both outlive `'a`, the return value lives "
|
|
"for at least `'a`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Por tanto, \"dado p1 y p2, que superan el tiempo de vida de `'a`, el valor "
|
|
"devuelto tiene una duración de al menos `'a`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-annotations.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In common cases, lifetimes can be elided, as described on the next slide."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"De forma habitual, los tiempos de vida se pueden omitir, tal como se "
|
|
"describe en la siguiente diapositiva."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md
|
|
msgid "Lifetimes in Function Calls"
|
|
msgstr "Tiempos de Vida en Llamadas a Función"
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Lifetimes for function arguments and return values must be fully specified, "
|
|
"but Rust allows lifetimes to be elided in most cases with [a few simple "
|
|
"rules](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/lifetime-elision.html). This is not "
|
|
"inference -- it is just a syntactic shorthand."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El tiempo de vida de los argumentos de las funciones y los valores devueltos "
|
|
"deben especificarse por completo, pero Rust permite que se puedan eludir en "
|
|
"la mayoría de los casos con [unas sencillas reglas](https://doc.rust-lang."
|
|
"org/nomicon/lifetime-elision.html)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md
|
|
msgid "Each argument which does not have a lifetime annotation is given one."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"A cada argumento que no tenga una anotación de tiempo de vida se le "
|
|
"proporciona uno."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If there is only one argument lifetime, it is given to all un-annotated "
|
|
"return values."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si solo hay un tiempo de vida de un argumento, se le asigna a todos los "
|
|
"valores devueltos que no estén anotados."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If there are multiple argument lifetimes, but the first one is for `self`, "
|
|
"that lifetime is given to all un-annotated return values."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si existen varios tiempos de vida de argumentos, pero el primero es para "
|
|
"`self`, ese tiempo de vida se asigna a todos los valores devueltos que no "
|
|
"estén anotados."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md
|
|
msgid "In this example, `cab_distance` is trivially elided."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En este ejemplo, `cab_distance` se ha suprimido sin que suponga un problema."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `nearest` function provides another example of a function with multiple "
|
|
"references in its arguments that requires explicit annotation."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La función `nearest` proporciona otro ejemplo de una función con múltiples "
|
|
"referencias en sus argumentos que requiere una anotación explícita."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md
|
|
msgid "Try adjusting the signature to \"lie\" about the lifetimes returned:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Prueba a ajustar la firma para \"mentir\" sobre los tiempos de vida "
|
|
"devueltos:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This won't compile, demonstrating that the annotations are checked for "
|
|
"validity by the compiler. Note that this is not the case for raw pointers "
|
|
"(unsafe), and this is a common source of errors with unsafe Rust."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"No se hará la compilación, lo que demuestra que el compilador comprueba la "
|
|
"validez de las anotaciones. Debes tener en cuenta que este no es el caso de "
|
|
"los punteros sin formato (inseguros), y es uno de los motivos por los que se "
|
|
"cometen errores con Rust inseguro."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/lifetime-elision.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Students may ask when to use lifetimes. Rust borrows _always_ have "
|
|
"lifetimes. Most of the time, elision and type inference mean these don't "
|
|
"need to be written out. In more complicated cases, lifetime annotations can "
|
|
"help resolve ambiguity. Often, especially when prototyping, it's easier to "
|
|
"just work with owned data by cloning values where necessary."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Puede que los participantes pregunten cuándo se deben usar los tiempos de "
|
|
"vida. Los préstamos de Rust _siempre_ tienen tiempos de vida. En la mayoría "
|
|
"de las ocasiones, la omisión y la inferencia de tipos hacen que no sea "
|
|
"necesario escribirlos. En casos más complicados, las anotaciones de tiempos "
|
|
"de vida pueden ayudar a resolver la ambigüedad. A menudo, sobre todo cuando "
|
|
"se llevan a cabo prototipos, resulta más fácil trabajar únicamente con datos "
|
|
"propios, clonando valores siempre que sea necesario."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md
|
|
msgid "Lifetimes in Data Structures"
|
|
msgstr "Tiempos de vida en estructuras de datos"
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If a data type stores borrowed data, it must be annotated with a lifetime:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si un tipo de datos almacena datos prestados, se debe anotar con tiempo de "
|
|
"vida:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md
|
|
msgid "\"Bye {text}!\""
|
|
msgstr "\"¡Adiós, {text}!\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md
|
|
msgid "\"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.\""
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"\"El veloz murciélago hindú comía feliz cardillo y kiwi. La cigüeña tocaba "
|
|
"el saxofón detrás del palenque de paja.\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md
|
|
msgid "// erase(text);\n"
|
|
msgstr "// erase(text);\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md
|
|
msgid "\"{fox:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{fox:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md
|
|
msgid "\"{dog:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{dog:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In the above example, the annotation on `Highlight` enforces that the data "
|
|
"underlying the contained `&str` lives at least as long as any instance of "
|
|
"`Highlight` that uses that data."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En el ejemplo anterior, la anotación en `Highlight` hace que los datos "
|
|
"subyacentes a la `&str` contenida tengan al menos la misma duración que "
|
|
"cualquier instancia de `Highlight` que utilice esos datos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If `text` is consumed before the end of the lifetime of `fox` (or `dog`), "
|
|
"the borrow checker throws an error."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si `text` se consume antes de que acabe el tiempo de vida de `fox` (o "
|
|
"`dog`), el _borrow checker_ (verificador de préstamos) muestra un error."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Types with borrowed data force users to hold on to the original data. This "
|
|
"can be useful for creating lightweight views, but it generally makes them "
|
|
"somewhat harder to use."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los tipos con datos prestados (_borrowed_) obligan a los usuarios a "
|
|
"conservar los datos originales. Esto puede ser útil para crear vistas "
|
|
"ligeras aunque, por lo general, hace que sean un poco más difíciles de usar."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md
|
|
msgid "When possible, make data structures own their data directly."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Siempre que sea posible, haz que las estructuras de datos sean propietarias "
|
|
"directas de sus datos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/struct-lifetimes.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Some structs with multiple references inside can have more than one lifetime "
|
|
"annotation. This can be necessary if there is a need to describe lifetime "
|
|
"relationships between the references themselves, in addition to the lifetime "
|
|
"of the struct itself. Those are very advanced use cases."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Algunas estructuras con varias referencias dentro pueden tener más de una "
|
|
"anotación de tiempo de vida. Esto puede ser necesario si hay que describir "
|
|
"las relaciones de tiempo de vida entre las propias referencias, además del "
|
|
"tiempo de vida de la propia estructura. Estos son casos prácticos muy "
|
|
"avanzados."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In this exercise, you will build a parser for the [protobuf binary encoding]"
|
|
"(https://protobuf.dev/programming-guides/encoding/). Don't worry, it's "
|
|
"simpler than it seems! This illustrates a common parsing pattern, passing "
|
|
"slices of data. The underlying data itself is never copied."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En este ejercicio, vas a compilar un analizador para la [codificación "
|
|
"binaria de protobuf](https://protobuf.dev/programming-guides/encoding/). No "
|
|
"hay nada de lo que preocuparse, es más sencillo de lo que parece. En este "
|
|
"ejemplo se muestra un patrón de análisis muy habitual que consiste en "
|
|
"transferir fracciones de datos. Los datos subyacentes nunca se copian."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Fully parsing a protobuf message requires knowing the types of the fields, "
|
|
"indexed by their field numbers. That is typically provided in a `proto` "
|
|
"file. In this exercise, we'll encode that information into `match` "
|
|
"statements in functions that get called for each field."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Para poder llevar a cabo un análisis completo de un mensaje de protobuf, es "
|
|
"necesario conocer los tipos de campos, indexados por el número de campo. Se "
|
|
"suelen proporcionar en un archivo `proto`. En este ejercicio, codificaremos "
|
|
"esa información en declaraciones `match` en funciones a las que se llama "
|
|
"para cada campo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "We'll use the following proto:"
|
|
msgstr "Puedes usar el siguiente archivo `Cargo.toml`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A proto message is encoded as a series of fields, one after the next. Each "
|
|
"is implemented as a \"tag\" followed by the value. The tag contains a field "
|
|
"number (e.g., `2` for the `id` field of a `Person` message) and a wire type "
|
|
"defining how the payload should be determined from the byte stream."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Un mensaje proto se codifica como una serie de campos, uno detrás del otro. "
|
|
"Cada uno se implementa como una \"etiqueta\" seguida del valor. La etiqueta "
|
|
"contiene un número de campo (por ejemplo, `2` para el campo `id` de un "
|
|
"mensaje de `Person`) y un tipo de wire que define cómo se debe definir la "
|
|
"carga útil a partir del flujo de bytes."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Integers, including the tag, are represented with a variable-length encoding "
|
|
"called VARINT. Luckily, `parse_varint` is defined for you below. The given "
|
|
"code also defines callbacks to handle `Person` and `PhoneNumber` fields, and "
|
|
"to parse a message into a series of calls to those callbacks."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los números enteros, incluida la etiqueta, se representan con una "
|
|
"codificación de longitud variable denominada VARINT. A continuación puedes "
|
|
"consultar la definición de `parse_varint`. El código dado también define "
|
|
"retrollamadas para gestionar los campos `Person` y `PhoneNumber`, así como "
|
|
"analizar un mensaje en una serie de llamadas a dichas retrollamadas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"What remains for you is to implement the `parse_field` function and the "
|
|
"`ProtoMessage` trait for `Person` and `PhoneNumber`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ahora solo tienes que implementar la función `parse_field` y el trait "
|
|
"`ProtoMessage` para `Person` y `PhoneNumber`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"Invalid varint\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Varint no válido\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"Invalid wire-type\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Tipo de wire no válido\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"Unexpected EOF\""
|
|
msgstr "\"EOF inesperado\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"Invalid length\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Longitud no válida\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"Unexpected wire-type)\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Tipo de wire inesperado)\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"Invalid string (not UTF-8)\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Cadena no válida (no es UTF‐8)\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// A wire type as seen on the wire.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Tipo de wire como se observa en el wire.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// The Varint WireType indicates the value is a single VARINT.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Varint WireType indica que el valor es un único VARINT.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"//I64, -- not needed for this exercise\n"
|
|
" /// The Len WireType indicates that the value is a length represented as "
|
|
"a\n"
|
|
" /// VARINT followed by exactly that number of bytes.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"//I64, -- no es necesario para este ejercicio\n"
|
|
" /// El Len WireType indica que el valor es una longitud representada "
|
|
"como\n"
|
|
" /// VARINT seguida exactamente de ese número de bytes.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// The I32 WireType indicates that the value is precisely 4 bytes in\n"
|
|
" /// little-endian order containing a 32-bit signed integer.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"/// El WireType I32 indica que el valor es de 4 bytes en\n"
|
|
" /// el orden little endian que contiene un número entero con signo de 32 "
|
|
"bits.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// A field's value, typed based on the wire type.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Valor de un campo, escrito en función del tipo de wire.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md
|
|
msgid "//I64(i64), -- not needed for this exercise\n"
|
|
msgstr "//I64(i64), -- no es necesario para este ejercicio\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// A field, containing the field number and its value.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Campo que contiene el número de campo y su valor.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md
|
|
msgid "//1 => WireType::I64, -- not needed for this exercise\n"
|
|
msgstr "//1 => WireType::I64, no es necesario para este ejercicio\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// Parse a VARINT, returning the parsed value and the remaining bytes.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"/// Analiza un VARINT, que devuelve el valor analizado y los bytes "
|
|
"restantes.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// This is the last byte of the VARINT, so convert it to\n"
|
|
" // a u64 and return it.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// Este es el último byte de VARINT, así que conviértelo en\n"
|
|
" // u64 y haz que lo devuelva.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md
|
|
msgid "// More than 7 bytes is invalid.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Un número mayor de 7 bytes no es válido.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// Convert a tag into a field number and a WireType.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Convierte una etiqueta en un número de campo y un WireType.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// Parse a field, returning the remaining bytes\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Analiza un campo y haz que devuelva los bytes restantes.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"\"Based on the wire type, build a Field, consuming as many bytes as "
|
|
"necessary.\""
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"\"En función del tipo de wire, crea un campo que utilice todos los bytes "
|
|
"necesarios.\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "\"Return the field, and any un-consumed bytes.\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Devuelve el campo y los bytes que no se hayan utilizado.\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// Parse a message in the given data, calling `T::add_field` for each field "
|
|
"in\n"
|
|
"/// the message.\n"
|
|
"///\n"
|
|
"/// The entire input is consumed.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"/// Analiza un mensaje de los datos proporcionados, llamando a `T::"
|
|
"add_field` para cada campo\n"
|
|
"/// del mensaje.\n"
|
|
"///\n"
|
|
"/// Se utilizan todos los datos introducidos.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "// TODO: Implement ProtoMessage for Person and PhoneNumber.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// TAREA: implementar ProtoMessage para Person y PhoneNumber.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md
|
|
msgid "// Unwrap error because `value` is definitely 4 bytes long.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Desenvuelve el error porque `value` tiene 4 bytes.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md
|
|
msgid "// skip everything else\n"
|
|
msgstr "// salta todos los demás pasos\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/slices-and-lifetimes/solution.md
|
|
msgid "b\"hello\""
|
|
msgstr "n\"hola\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-4.md
|
|
msgid "Welcome to Day 4"
|
|
msgstr "Bienvenido al Día 4"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-4.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Today we will cover topics relating to building large-scale software in Rust:"
|
|
msgstr "Hoy vamos a tratar algunos temas más avanzados de Rust:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-4.md
|
|
msgid "Iterators: a deep dive on the `Iterator` trait."
|
|
msgstr "Iteradores: información detallada sobre el trait `Iterator`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-4.md
|
|
msgid "Modules and visibility."
|
|
msgstr "Módulos y visibilidad."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-4.md
|
|
msgid "Testing."
|
|
msgstr "Probando."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-4.md
|
|
msgid "Error handling: panics, `Result`, and the try operator `?`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Gestión de errores: _panics_ (pánicos), `Result` y el operador _try_ `?`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-4.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Unsafe Rust: the escape hatch when you can't express yourself in safe Rust."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust inseguro: una vía de escape en las situaciones en las que no puedes "
|
|
"expresarte en Rust seguro."
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-4.md
|
|
msgid "[Welcome](./welcome-day-4.md) (3 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Bienvenida](./welcome-day-4.md) (3 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-4.md
|
|
msgid "[Iterators](./iterators.md) (45 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Iteradores](./iterators.md) (45 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-4.md
|
|
msgid "[Modules](./modules.md) (40 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Módulos](./modules.md) (40 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-4.md
|
|
msgid "[Testing](./testing.md) (1 hour and 5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Pruebas](./testing.md) (1 hora y 5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/iterators.md
|
|
msgid "[Iterator](./iterators/iterator.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Iterator](./iterators/iterator.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/iterators.md
|
|
msgid "[IntoIterator](./iterators/intoiterator.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[IntoIterator](./iterators/intoiterator.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/iterators.md
|
|
msgid "[FromIterator](./iterators/fromiterator.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[FromIterator](./iterators/fromiterator.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/iterators.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Exercise: Iterator Method Chaining](./iterators/exercise.md) (30 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Ejercicio: encadenamiento de métodos del iterador](./iterators/exercise.md) "
|
|
"(30 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/iterators/iterator.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The [`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html) "
|
|
"trait supports iterating over values in a collection. It requires a `next` "
|
|
"method and provides lots of methods. Many standard library types implement "
|
|
"`Iterator`, and you can implement it yourself, too:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El trait [`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator."
|
|
"html) permite iterar valores en una colección. Requiere un método `next` y "
|
|
"proporciona muchos otros métodos. Muchos tipos de bibliotecas estándar "
|
|
"implementan `Iterator` y también está a nuestro alcance:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/iterators/iterator.md
|
|
msgid "\"fib({i}): {n}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"fib({i}): {n}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/iterators/iterator.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `Iterator` trait implements many common functional programming "
|
|
"operations over collections (e.g. `map`, `filter`, `reduce`, etc). This is "
|
|
"the trait where you can find all the documentation about them. In Rust these "
|
|
"functions should produce the code as efficient as equivalent imperative "
|
|
"implementations."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El trait `Iterator` implementa muchas operaciones comunes de programación "
|
|
"funcional en colecciones (por ejemplo, `map`, `filter`, `reduce`, etc.). "
|
|
"Este es el trait que te permite encontrar toda la documentación sobre ellas. "
|
|
"En Rust, estas funciones deberían generar un código tan eficiente como las "
|
|
"implementaciones imperativas equivalentes."
|
|
|
|
#: src/iterators/iterator.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`IntoIterator` is the trait that makes for loops work. It is implemented by "
|
|
"collection types such as `Vec<T>` and references to them such as `&Vec<T>` "
|
|
"and `&[T]`. Ranges also implement it. This is why you can iterate over a "
|
|
"vector with `for i in some_vec { .. }` but `some_vec.next()` doesn't exist."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`IntoIterator` es el trait que hace que los bucles funcionen. Se implementa "
|
|
"a través de tipos de colecciones, como `Vec<T>`, y de referencias a ellas, "
|
|
"como `&Vec<T>` y `&[T]`. Los rangos también lo implementan. Esta es la razón "
|
|
"por la que se puede iterar sobre un vector con `for i in some_vec { .. }`, "
|
|
"pero `some_vec.next()` no existe."
|
|
|
|
#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `Iterator` trait tells you how to _iterate_ once you have created an "
|
|
"iterator. The related trait [`IntoIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/"
|
|
"iter/trait.IntoIterator.html) defines how to create an iterator for a type. "
|
|
"It is used automatically by the `for` loop."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El trait `Iterator` te indica cómo _iterar_ una vez que has creado un "
|
|
"iterador. El trait relacionado `IntoIterator` indica cómo crear el iterador:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md
|
|
msgid "\"point = {x}, {y}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"punto = {x}, {y}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Click through to the docs for `IntoIterator`. Every implementation of "
|
|
"`IntoIterator` must declare two types:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La sintaxis aquí significa que cada implementación de `IntoIterator` debe "
|
|
"declarar dos tipos:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md
|
|
msgid "`Item`: the type to iterate over, such as `i8`,"
|
|
msgstr "`Item`: el tipo sobre el que iteramos, como `i8`,"
|
|
|
|
#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md
|
|
msgid "`IntoIter`: the `Iterator` type returned by the `into_iter` method."
|
|
msgstr "`IntoIter`: el tipo `Iterator` devuelto por el método `into_iter`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Note that `IntoIter` and `Item` are linked: the iterator must have the same "
|
|
"`Item` type, which means that it returns `Option<Item>`"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ten en cuenta que `IntoIter` y `Item` están vinculados: el iterador debe "
|
|
"tener el mismo tipo de `Item`, lo que significa que devuelve `Option<Item>`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md
|
|
msgid "The example iterates over all combinations of x and y coordinates."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En el ejemplo se itera sobre todas las combinaciones de las coordenadas x e "
|
|
"y."
|
|
|
|
#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Try iterating over the grid twice in `main`. Why does this fail? Note that "
|
|
"`IntoIterator::into_iter` takes ownership of `self`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Prueba a iterar sobre la cuadrícula dos veces en `main`. ¿Por qué no "
|
|
"funciona? Ten en cuenta que `IntoIterator::into_iter` tiene la propiedad de "
|
|
"`self`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Fix this issue by implementing `IntoIterator` for `&Grid` and storing a "
|
|
"reference to the `Grid` in `GridIter`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Soluciona este problema implementando `IntoIterator` para `&Grid` y "
|
|
"almacenando una referencia a `Grid` en `GridIter`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/iterators/intoiterator.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The same problem can occur for standard library types: `for e in "
|
|
"some_vector` will take ownership of `some_vector` and iterate over owned "
|
|
"elements from that vector. Use `for e in &some_vector` instead, to iterate "
|
|
"over references to elements of `some_vector`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Lo mismo puede ocurrir con los tipos de biblioteca estándar: `for e in "
|
|
"some_vector` adquirirá la propiedad de `some_vector` e iterará sobre los "
|
|
"elementos propios de ese vector. En su lugar, puedes utilizar `for e in "
|
|
"&some_vector` para iterar sobre referencias a elementos de `some_vector`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/iterators/fromiterator.md
|
|
msgid "FromIterator"
|
|
msgstr "FromIterator"
|
|
|
|
#: src/iterators/fromiterator.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[`FromIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.FromIterator.html) "
|
|
"lets you build a collection from an [`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/"
|
|
"std/iter/trait.Iterator.html)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[`FromIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.FromIterator.html) "
|
|
"permite construir una colección a partir de un [`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-"
|
|
"lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/iterators/fromiterator.md
|
|
msgid "\"prime_squares: {prime_squares:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"prime_squares: {prime_squares:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/iterators/fromiterator.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "`Iterator` implements"
|
|
msgstr "`Iterator`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/iterators/fromiterator.md
|
|
msgid "There are two ways to specify `B` for this method:"
|
|
msgstr "Hay dos formas de especificar `B` en este método:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/iterators/fromiterator.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"With the \"turbofish\": `some_iterator.collect::<COLLECTION_TYPE>()`, as "
|
|
"shown. The `_` shorthand used here lets Rust infer the type of the `Vec` "
|
|
"elements."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Con \"turbofish\": `some_iterator.collect::<COLLECTION_TYPE>()`, tal como se "
|
|
"muestra. La forma abreviada de `_` que se utiliza aquí permite que Rust "
|
|
"infiera el tipo de los elementos `Vec`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/iterators/fromiterator.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"With type inference: `let prime_squares: Vec<_> = some_iterator.collect()`. "
|
|
"Rewrite the example to use this form."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Con inferencia de tipos: `let prime_squares: Vec<_> = some_iterator."
|
|
"collect()`. Reescribe el ejemplo para usar esta opción."
|
|
|
|
#: src/iterators/fromiterator.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"There are basic implementations of `FromIterator` for `Vec`, `HashMap`, etc. "
|
|
"There are also more specialized implementations which let you do cool things "
|
|
"like convert an `Iterator<Item = Result<V, E>>` into a `Result<Vec<V>, E>`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"También hay implementaciones que permiten hacer cosas interesantes, como "
|
|
"convertir un `Iterator<Item = Result<V, E>>` en un `Result<Vec<V>, E>`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/iterators/exercise.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In this exercise, you will need to find and use some of the provided methods "
|
|
"in the [`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html) "
|
|
"trait to implement a complex calculation."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Se puede implementar el trait [`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/"
|
|
"iter/trait.Iterator.html) en tus propios tipos:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/iterators/exercise.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Copy the following code to <https://play.rust-lang.org/> and make the tests "
|
|
"pass. Use an iterator expression and `collect` the result to construct the "
|
|
"return value."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Copia el siguiente fragmento de código en la página <https://play.rust-lang."
|
|
"org/> para hacer la prueba. Prueba a no asignar un `Vec` a los resultados "
|
|
"intermedios:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/iterators/exercise.md src/iterators/solution.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// Calculate the differences between elements of `values` offset by "
|
|
"`offset`,\n"
|
|
"/// wrapping around from the end of `values` to the beginning.\n"
|
|
"///\n"
|
|
"/// Element `n` of the result is `values[(n+offset)%len] - values[n]`.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"/// Calcula las diferencias entre los elementos de `values` offset por "
|
|
"offset,\n"
|
|
"/// envolviendo de esta forma los elementos desde el final de `values` hasta "
|
|
"el principio.\n"
|
|
"///\n"
|
|
"/// El elemento `n` del resultado es `values[(n+offset)%len] - values[n]`.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules.md
|
|
msgid "[Modules](./modules/modules.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Módulos](./modules/modules.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules.md
|
|
msgid "[Filesystem Hierarchy](./modules/filesystem.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Jerarquía del sistema de archivos](./modules/filesystem.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules.md
|
|
msgid "[Visibility](./modules/visibility.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Visibilidad](./modules/visible.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules.md
|
|
msgid "[use, super, self](./modules/paths.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[use, super, self](./modules/paths.md) (10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Exercise: Modules for a GUI Library](./modules/exercise.md) (15 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Ejercicio: módulos para una biblioteca GUI](./modules/exercise.md) (15 "
|
|
"minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules.md
|
|
msgid "This segment should take about 40 minutes"
|
|
msgstr "Esta sección tiene una duración aproximada de 40 minutos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/modules.md
|
|
msgid "We have seen how `impl` blocks let us namespace functions to a type."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Hemos visto cómo los bloques `impl` nos permiten asignar espacios de nombres "
|
|
"de funciones a un tipo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/modules.md
|
|
msgid "Similarly, `mod` lets us namespace types and functions:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Del mismo modo, `mod` nos permite asignar espacios de nombres a funciones y "
|
|
"tipos:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/modules.md
|
|
msgid "\"In the foo module\""
|
|
msgstr "\"En el módulo foo\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/modules.md
|
|
msgid "\"In the bar module\""
|
|
msgstr "\"En el módulo bar\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/modules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Packages provide functionality and include a `Cargo.toml` file that "
|
|
"describes how to build a bundle of 1+ crates."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los paquetes ofrecen funciones e incluyen un archivo `Cargo.toml` que "
|
|
"describe cómo compilar un paquete de más de un crate."
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/modules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Crates are a tree of modules, where a binary crate creates an executable and "
|
|
"a library crate compiles to a library."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los crates son un árbol de módulos, donde un crate binario crea un "
|
|
"ejecutable y un crate de biblioteca compila una biblioteca."
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/modules.md
|
|
msgid "Modules define organization, scope, and are the focus of this section."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los módulos definen la organización y el ámbito, y son el centro de esta "
|
|
"sección."
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/filesystem.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Omitting the module content will tell Rust to look for it in another file:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Omitir el contenido del módulo hará que Rust lo busque en otro archivo:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/filesystem.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This tells rust that the `garden` module content is found at `src/garden."
|
|
"rs`. Similarly, a `garden::vegetables` module can be found at `src/garden/"
|
|
"vegetables.rs`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Esto indica que el contenido del módulo `garden` se encuentra en `src/garden."
|
|
"rs`. Del mismo modo, el módulo `garden::vegetables` se encuentra en `src/"
|
|
"garden/vegetables.rs`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/filesystem.md
|
|
msgid "The `crate` root is in:"
|
|
msgstr "La raíz de `crate` está en:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/filesystem.md
|
|
msgid "`src/lib.rs` (for a library crate)"
|
|
msgstr "`src/lib.rs` (para un crate de biblioteca)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/filesystem.md
|
|
msgid "`src/main.rs` (for a binary crate)"
|
|
msgstr "`src/main.rs` (para un crate binario)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/filesystem.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Modules defined in files can be documented, too, using \"inner doc "
|
|
"comments\". These document the item that contains them -- in this case, a "
|
|
"module."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los módulos definidos en archivos también se pueden documentar mediante "
|
|
"\"comentarios internos del documento\". En ellos se indica el elemento que "
|
|
"los contiene, en este caso, un módulo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/filesystem.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"//! This module implements the garden, including a highly performant "
|
|
"germination\n"
|
|
"//! implementation.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"//! Este módulo implementa el jardín, incluida una germinación de alto "
|
|
"rendimiento.\n"
|
|
"//!\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/filesystem.md
|
|
msgid "// Re-export types from this module.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Vuelve a exportar los tipos de este módulo.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/filesystem.md
|
|
msgid "/// Sow the given seed packets.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Siembra los paquetes de semilla determinados.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/filesystem.md
|
|
msgid "/// Harvest the produce in the garden that is ready.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Cosecha el producto en el jardín que esté listo.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/filesystem.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Before Rust 2018, modules needed to be located at `module/mod.rs` instead of "
|
|
"`module.rs`, and this is still a working alternative for editions after 2018."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Antes de Rust 2018, los módulos debían ubicarse en `module/mod.rs` en lugar "
|
|
"de en `module.rs`. Esta alternativa sigue existiendo en las ediciones "
|
|
"posteriores a 2018."
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/filesystem.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The main reason to introduce `filename.rs` as alternative to `filename/mod."
|
|
"rs` was because many files named `mod.rs` can be hard to distinguish in IDEs."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El principal motivo de introducir `filename.rs` en lugar de `filename/mod."
|
|
"rs` se debe a que si muchos archivos llamados `mod.rs` puede ser difícil "
|
|
"distinguirlos en IDEs."
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/filesystem.md
|
|
msgid "Deeper nesting can use folders, even if the main module is a file:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Un anidamiento más profundo puede usar carpetas, incluso si el módulo "
|
|
"principal es un archivo:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/filesystem.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The place rust will look for modules can be changed with a compiler "
|
|
"directive:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El lugar donde Rust buscará los módulos se puede cambiar con una directiva "
|
|
"del compilador:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/filesystem.md
|
|
msgid "\"some/path.rs\""
|
|
msgstr "\"some/path.rs\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/filesystem.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This is useful, for example, if you would like to place tests for a module "
|
|
"in a file named `some_module_test.rs`, similar to the convention in Go."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Esto resulta útil, por ejemplo, si deseas colocar pruebas de un módulo en un "
|
|
"archivo denominado `some_module_test.rs`, similar a la convención en Go."
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/visibility.md
|
|
msgid "Modules are a privacy boundary:"
|
|
msgstr "Los módulos marcan el límite de la privacidad:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/visibility.md
|
|
msgid "Module items are private by default (hides implementation details)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los elementos del módulo son privados de forma predeterminada (se ocultan "
|
|
"los detalles de implementación)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/visibility.md
|
|
msgid "Parent and sibling items are always visible."
|
|
msgstr "Los elementos superiores y los del mismo nivel siempre están visibles."
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/visibility.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In other words, if an item is visible in module `foo`, it's visible in all "
|
|
"the descendants of `foo`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Es decir, si un elemento está visible en el módulo `foo`, se verá en todos "
|
|
"los elementos descendientes de `foo`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/visibility.md
|
|
msgid "\"outer::private\""
|
|
msgstr "\"outer::private\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/visibility.md
|
|
msgid "\"outer::public\""
|
|
msgstr "\"outer::public\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/visibility.md
|
|
msgid "\"outer::inner::private\""
|
|
msgstr "\"outer::inner::private\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/visibility.md
|
|
msgid "\"outer::inner::public\""
|
|
msgstr "\"outer::inner::public\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/visibility.md
|
|
msgid "Use the `pub` keyword to make modules public."
|
|
msgstr "Haz que los módulos sean públicos con la palabra clave `pub`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/visibility.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Additionally, there are advanced `pub(...)` specifiers to restrict the scope "
|
|
"of public visibility."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Además, hay especificadores `pub(...)` avanzados para restringir el ámbito "
|
|
"de la visibilidad pública."
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/visibility.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"See the [Rust Reference](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/visibility-and-"
|
|
"privacy.html#pubin-path-pubcrate-pubsuper-and-pubself)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Consulta el libro [Rust Reference](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/"
|
|
"visibility-and-privacy.html#pubin-path-pubcrate-pubsuper-and-pubself)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/visibility.md
|
|
msgid "Configuring `pub(crate)` visibility is a common pattern."
|
|
msgstr "Configurar la visibilidad de `pub(crate)` es un patrón común."
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/visibility.md
|
|
msgid "Less commonly, you can give visibility to a specific path."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Aunque es menos frecuente, se puede dar visibilidad a una ruta específica."
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/visibility.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In any case, visibility must be granted to an ancestor module (and all of "
|
|
"its descendants)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En cualquier caso, se debe dar visibilidad a un módulo antecedente (y a "
|
|
"todos sus descendientes)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/paths.md
|
|
msgid "use, super, self"
|
|
msgstr "use, super, self"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/paths.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A module can bring symbols from another module into scope with `use`. You "
|
|
"will typically see something like this at the top of each module:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Un módulo puede incluir símbolos de otro módulo en el ámbito con `use`. "
|
|
"Normalmente, se ve algo como esto en la parte superior de cada módulo:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/paths.md
|
|
msgid "Paths"
|
|
msgstr "Rutas"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/paths.md
|
|
msgid "Paths are resolved as follows:"
|
|
msgstr "Las rutas se resuelven de la siguiente manera:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/paths.md
|
|
msgid "As a relative path:"
|
|
msgstr "Como ruta relativa:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/paths.md
|
|
msgid "`foo` or `self::foo` refers to `foo` in the current module,"
|
|
msgstr "`foo` o `self::foo` hacen referencia a `foo` en el módulo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/paths.md
|
|
msgid "`super::foo` refers to `foo` in the parent module."
|
|
msgstr "`super::foo` hace referencia a `foo` en el módulo superior."
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/paths.md
|
|
msgid "As an absolute path:"
|
|
msgstr "Como ruta absoluta:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/paths.md
|
|
msgid "`crate::foo` refers to `foo` in the root of the current crate,"
|
|
msgstr "`crate::foo` hace referencia a `foo` en la raíz del crate."
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/paths.md
|
|
msgid "`bar::foo` refers to `foo` in the `bar` crate."
|
|
msgstr "`bar::foo` hace referencia a `foo` en el crate `bar`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/paths.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"It is common to \"re-export\" symbols at a shorter path. For example, the "
|
|
"top-level `lib.rs` in a crate might have"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Es habitual \"volver a exportar\" los símbolos en una ruta más corta. Por "
|
|
"ejemplo, el archivo `lib.rs` de nivel superior de un crate puede hacer que"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/paths.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"making `DiskStorage` and `NetworkStorage` available to other crates with a "
|
|
"convenient, short path."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"DiskStorage` y `NetworkStorage` estén disponibles para otros crates con una "
|
|
"ruta corta y práctica."
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/paths.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"For the most part, only items that appear in a module need to be `use`'d. "
|
|
"However, a trait must be in scope to call any methods on that trait, even if "
|
|
"a type implementing that trait is already in scope. For example, to use the "
|
|
"`read_to_string` method on a type implementing the `Read` trait, you need to "
|
|
"`use std::io::Read`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La mayoría de las veces, únicamente deben ser `use` los elementos que "
|
|
"aparecen en un módulo. Sin embargo, un trait debe encontrarse dentro del "
|
|
"ámbito para llamar a cualquier método de ese trait, incluso aunque ya haya "
|
|
"un tipo que implemente dicho trait dentro del ámbito. Por ejemplo, para usar "
|
|
"el método `read_to_string` en un tipo que implemente el trait `Read`, debes "
|
|
"usar std::io::Read`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/paths.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `use` statement can have a wildcard: `use std::io::*`. This is "
|
|
"discouraged because it is not clear which items are imported, and those "
|
|
"might change over time."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La instrucción `use` puede tener un comodín: `use std::io::*`. No se "
|
|
"recomienda su uso porque no está claro qué elementos se importan y cuáles "
|
|
"podrían cambiar con el tiempo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In this exercise, you will reorganize a small GUI Library implementation. "
|
|
"This library defines a `Widget` trait and a few implementations of that "
|
|
"trait, as well as a `main` function."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En este ejercicio, vas a reorganizar una pequeña implementación de una "
|
|
"biblioteca GUI. Esta biblioteca define un trait `Widget` y algunas "
|
|
"implementaciones de dicho trait, así como una función `main`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"It is typical to put each type or set of closely-related types into its own "
|
|
"module, so each widget type should get its own module."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Es habitual colocar cada tipo o conjunto de tipos que estén estrechamente "
|
|
"relacionados en su propio módulo, por lo que cada tipo de widget debe tener "
|
|
"su propio módulo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/exercise.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Cargo Setup"
|
|
msgstr "Configurar"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The Rust playground only supports one file, so you will need to make a Cargo "
|
|
"project on your local filesystem:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El playground de Rust solo admite un archivo, por lo que tendrás que crear "
|
|
"un proyecto de Cargo en tu sistema de archivos local:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Edit the resulting `src/main.rs` to add `mod` statements, and add additional "
|
|
"files in the `src` directory."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Edita el archivo `src/main.rs` resultante para añadir instrucciones `mod` y "
|
|
"añade archivos adicionales en el directorio `src`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "Source"
|
|
msgstr "Fuente"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "Here's the single-module implementation of the GUI library:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"A continuación, se muestra la implementación de la biblioteca GUI en un solo "
|
|
"módulo:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// Natural width of `self`.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Ancho natural de `self`.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// Draw the widget into a buffer.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Coloca el widget en un búfer.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// Draw the widget on standard output.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Coloca el widget en una salida estándar.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"{buffer}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{buffer}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "// Add 4 paddings for borders\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Añade 4 espacios de relleno para los bordes\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// TODO: Change draw_into to return Result<(), std::fmt::Error>. Then use "
|
|
"the\n"
|
|
" // ?-operator here instead of .unwrap().\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// TAREAS: Cambia draw_into para devolver Result<(), std::fmt::Error>. A "
|
|
"continuación, utiliza el\n"
|
|
" // operator ? en lugar de .unwrap().\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"+-{:-<inner_width$}-+\""
|
|
msgstr "\"+-{:-<inner_width$}-+\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md src/testing/unit-tests.md
|
|
#: src/testing/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"\""
|
|
msgstr "\"\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"| {:^inner_width$} |\""
|
|
msgstr "\"| {:^inner_width$} |\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"+={:=<inner_width$}=+\""
|
|
msgstr "\"+={:=<inner_width$}=+\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"| {:inner_width$} |\""
|
|
msgstr "\"| {:inner_width$} |\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md
|
|
msgid "// add a bit of padding\n"
|
|
msgstr "// añade un poco de espacio de relleno\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"+{:-<width$}+\""
|
|
msgstr "\"+{:-<width$}+\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"|{:^width$}|\""
|
|
msgstr "\"|{:^width$}|\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"Rust GUI Demo 1.23\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Demo de la GUI de Rust 1.23\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"This is a small text GUI demo.\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Esta es una demo de la GUI con poco texto.\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/exercise.md src/modules/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"Click me!\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Haz clic aquí\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Encourage students to divide the code in a way that feels natural for them, "
|
|
"and get accustomed to the required `mod`, `use`, and `pub` declarations. "
|
|
"Afterward, discuss what organizations are most idiomatic."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Anima a los participantes a dividir el código de un modo que les parezca "
|
|
"natural para que se familiaricen con las declaraciones `mod`, `use` y `pub`. "
|
|
"Después, comenta qué tipo de organización es más idiomática."
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/solution.md
|
|
msgid "// ---- src/widgets.rs ----\n"
|
|
msgstr "// ---- src/widgets.rs ----\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/solution.md
|
|
msgid "// ---- src/widgets/label.rs ----\n"
|
|
msgstr "// ---- src/widgets/label.rs ----\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/solution.md
|
|
msgid "// ANCHOR_END: Label-width\n"
|
|
msgstr "// ANCHOR_END: Label-width\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/solution.md
|
|
msgid "// ANCHOR: Label-draw_into\n"
|
|
msgstr "// ANCHOR: Label-draw_into\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/solution.md
|
|
msgid "// ANCHOR_END: Label-draw_into\n"
|
|
msgstr "// ANCHOR_END: Label-draw_into\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/solution.md
|
|
msgid "// ---- src/widgets/button.rs ----\n"
|
|
msgstr "// ---- src/widgets/button.rs ----\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/solution.md
|
|
msgid "// ANCHOR_END: Button-width\n"
|
|
msgstr "// ANCHOR_END: Button-width\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/solution.md
|
|
msgid "// ANCHOR: Button-draw_into\n"
|
|
msgstr "// ANCHOR: Button-draw_into\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/solution.md
|
|
msgid "// ANCHOR_END: Button-draw_into\n"
|
|
msgstr "// ANCHOR_END: Button-draw_into\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/solution.md
|
|
msgid "// ---- src/widgets/window.rs ----\n"
|
|
msgstr "// ---- src/widgets/window.rs ----\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/solution.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// ANCHOR_END: Window-width\n"
|
|
" // Add 4 paddings for borders\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// ANCHOR_END: window-width\n"
|
|
" // Añade 4 espacios de relleno para los bordes\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/solution.md
|
|
msgid "// ANCHOR: Window-draw_into\n"
|
|
msgstr "// ANCHOR: Window-draw_into\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/solution.md
|
|
msgid "// ANCHOR_END: Window-draw_into\n"
|
|
msgstr "// ANCHOR_END: Window-draw_into\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/solution.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// TODO: after learning about error handling, you can change\n"
|
|
" // draw_into to return Result<(), std::fmt::Error>. Then use\n"
|
|
" // the ?-operator here instead of .unwrap().\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// TAREA: después de saber cómo gestionar los errores, puedes cambiar\n"
|
|
" // draw_into para devolver Result<(), std::fmt::Error>. A "
|
|
"continuación, usa\n"
|
|
" // el operator ? en lugar de .unwrap().\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/modules/solution.md
|
|
msgid "// ---- src/main.rs ----\n"
|
|
msgstr "// ---- src/main.rs ----\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing.md
|
|
msgid "[Test Modules](./testing/unit-tests.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Módulos de pruebas](./testing/unit-tests.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing.md
|
|
msgid "[Other Types of Tests](./testing/other.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Otros tipos de pruebas](./testing/other.md) (10 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing.md
|
|
msgid "[Useful Crates](./testing/useful-crates.md) (3 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Crates útiles](./testing/useful-crates.md) (3 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing.md
|
|
msgid "[GoogleTest](./testing/googletest.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[GoogleTest](./testing/googletest.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing.md
|
|
msgid "[Mocking](./testing/mocking.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Simulación](./testing/mocking.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing.md
|
|
msgid "[Compiler Lints and Clippy](./testing/lints.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Lints de compilador y Clippy](./testing/lints.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing.md
|
|
msgid "[Exercise: Luhn Algorithm](./testing/exercise.md) (30 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Ejercicio: Algoritmo de Luhn](./testing/exercise.md) (30 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/unit-tests.md
|
|
msgid "Unit Tests"
|
|
msgstr "Pruebas Unitarias"
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/unit-tests.md
|
|
msgid "Rust and Cargo come with a simple unit test framework:"
|
|
msgstr "Rust y Cargo incluyen un sencillo framework para pruebas unitarias:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/unit-tests.md
|
|
msgid "Unit tests are supported throughout your code."
|
|
msgstr "Las pruebas unitarias se admiten en todo el código."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/unit-tests.md
|
|
msgid "Integration tests are supported via the `tests/` directory."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Las pruebas de integración se admiten a través del directorio `tests/`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/unit-tests.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Tests are marked with `#[test]`. Unit tests are often put in a nested "
|
|
"`tests` module, using `#[cfg(test)]` to conditionally compile them only when "
|
|
"building tests."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Las pruebas se marcan con `#[test]`. Las pruebas unitarias se suelen incluir "
|
|
"en un módulo `tests` anidado en el que se utiliza `#[cfg(test)]` para "
|
|
"compilarlas únicamente cuando se compilan las pruebas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/unit-tests.md
|
|
msgid "\"Hello World\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Hola, mundo\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/unit-tests.md
|
|
msgid "This lets you unit test private helpers."
|
|
msgstr "Esto permite realizar pruebas unitarias de los ayudantes privados."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/unit-tests.md
|
|
msgid "The `#[cfg(test)]` attribute is only active when you run `cargo test`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El atributo `#[cfg(test)]` solo está activo cuando se ejecuta `cargo test`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/unit-tests.md
|
|
msgid "Run the tests in the playground in order to show their results."
|
|
msgstr "Haz las pruebas en el playground para ver los resultados."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/other.md
|
|
msgid "Integration Tests"
|
|
msgstr "Pruebas de Integración"
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/other.md
|
|
msgid "If you want to test your library as a client, use an integration test."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si quieres probar tu biblioteca como cliente, haz una prueba de integración."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/other.md
|
|
msgid "Create a `.rs` file under `tests/`:"
|
|
msgstr "Crea un archivo `.rs` en `tests/`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/other.md
|
|
msgid "// tests/my_library.rs\n"
|
|
msgstr "// tests/my_library.rs\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/other.md
|
|
msgid "These tests only have access to the public API of your crate."
|
|
msgstr "Estas pruebas solo tienen acceso a la API pública de tu crate."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/other.md
|
|
msgid "Documentation Tests"
|
|
msgstr "Pruebas de Documentación"
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/other.md
|
|
msgid "Rust has built-in support for documentation tests:"
|
|
msgstr "Rust cuenta con asistencia integrada para pruebas de documentación:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/other.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// Shortens a string to the given length.\n"
|
|
"///\n"
|
|
"/// ```\n"
|
|
"/// # use playground::shorten_string;\n"
|
|
"/// assert_eq!(shorten_string(\"Hello World\", 5), \"Hello\");\n"
|
|
"/// assert_eq!(shorten_string(\"Hello World\", 20), \"Hello World\");\n"
|
|
"/// ```\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"/// Acorta una cadena según la longitud proporcionada.\n"
|
|
"///\n"
|
|
"/// ```\n"
|
|
"/// # use playground::shorten_string;\n"
|
|
"/// assert_eq!(shorten_string(\"Hola, mundo\", 5), \"Hola\");\n"
|
|
"/// assert_eq!(shorten_string(\"Hola, mundo\", 20), \"Hola, mundo\");\n"
|
|
"/// ```\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/other.md
|
|
msgid "Code blocks in `///` comments are automatically seen as Rust code."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los bloques de código en los comentarios `///` se ven automáticamente como "
|
|
"código de Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/other.md
|
|
msgid "The code will be compiled and executed as part of `cargo test`."
|
|
msgstr "El código se compilará y ejecutará como parte de `cargo test`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/other.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Adding `#` in the code will hide it from the docs, but will still compile/"
|
|
"run it."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si añades `#` al código, se ocultará de los documentos, pero se seguirá "
|
|
"compilando o ejecutando."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/other.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Test the above code on the [Rust Playground](https://play.rust-lang.org/?"
|
|
"version=stable&mode=debug&edition=2021&gist=3ce2ad13ea1302f6572cb15cd96becf0)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Prueba el código anterior en el [playground de Rust](https://play.rust-lang."
|
|
"org/?"
|
|
"version=stable&mode=debug&edition=2021&gist=3ce2ad13ea1302f6572cb15cd96becf0)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/useful-crates.md
|
|
msgid "Rust comes with only basic support for writing tests."
|
|
msgstr "Rust solo incluye asistencia básica para las pruebas de escritura."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/useful-crates.md
|
|
msgid "Here are some additional crates which we recommend for writing tests:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"A continuación, se indican algunos crates adicionales que recomendamos para "
|
|
"escribir pruebas:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/useful-crates.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[googletest](https://docs.rs/googletest): Comprehensive test assertion "
|
|
"library in the tradition of GoogleTest for C++."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[googletest](https://docs.rs/googletest): biblioteca completa de aserción de "
|
|
"pruebas en la tradición de GoogleTest para C++."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/useful-crates.md
|
|
msgid "[proptest](https://docs.rs/proptest): Property-based testing for Rust."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[proptest](https://docs.rs/proptest): pruebas basadas en propiedades para "
|
|
"Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/useful-crates.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[rstest](https://docs.rs/rstest): Support for fixtures and parameterised "
|
|
"tests."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[rstest](https://docs.rs/rstest): asistencia para _fixtures_ y pruebas "
|
|
"parametrizadas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/googletest.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The [GoogleTest](https://docs.rs/googletest/) crate allows for flexible test "
|
|
"assertions using _matchers_:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[googletest](https://docs.rs/googletest): biblioteca completa de aserción de "
|
|
"pruebas en la tradición de GoogleTest para C++."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/googletest.md
|
|
msgid "\"baz\""
|
|
msgstr "\"baz\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/googletest.md
|
|
msgid "\"xyz\""
|
|
msgstr "\"xyz\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/googletest.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If we change the last element to `\"!\"`, the test fails with a structured "
|
|
"error message pin-pointing the error:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si cambiamos el último elemento a `\"!\"`, la prueba dará error y aparecerá "
|
|
"un mensaje de error estructurado que señala cuál es el fallo:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/googletest.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"GoogleTest is not part of the Rust Playground, so you need to run this "
|
|
"example in a local environment. Use `cargo add googletest` to quickly add it "
|
|
"to an existing Cargo project."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"GoogleTest no forma parte de Rust Playground, por lo que debes llevar a cabo "
|
|
"este ejemplo en un entorno local. Usa `cargo add googletest` para añadirlo "
|
|
"rápidamente a un proyecto de Cargo que ya tengas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/googletest.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `use googletest::prelude::*;` line imports a number of [commonly used "
|
|
"macros and types](https://docs.rs/googletest/latest/googletest/prelude/index."
|
|
"html)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La línea `use googletest::prelude::*;` importa una serie de [macros y tipos "
|
|
"habituales](https://docs.rs/googletest/latest/googletest/prelude/index.html)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/googletest.md
|
|
msgid "This just scratches the surface, there are many builtin matchers."
|
|
msgstr "Esto es solo el comienzo, existen muchos matchers integrados."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/googletest.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A particularly nice feature is that mismatches in multi-line strings strings "
|
|
"are shown as a diff:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Una característica muy interesante es que las discrepancias en las cadenas "
|
|
"que contienen varias líneas se muestran como un diff:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/googletest.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"\"Memory safety found,\\n\\\n"
|
|
" Rust's strong typing guides the way,\\n\\\n"
|
|
" Secure code you'll write.\""
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"\"Se ha encontrado la seguridad de la memoria,\\n\\\n"
|
|
" la potente escritura de Rust guía el camino,\\n\\\n"
|
|
" protege el código que vayas a escribir.\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/googletest.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"\"Memory safety found,\\n\\\n"
|
|
" Rust's silly humor guides the way,\\n\\\n"
|
|
" Secure code you'll write.\""
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"\"Se ha encontrado seguridad en la memoria,\\n\\\n"
|
|
" el divertido sentido del humor de Rust guía el camino,\\n\\\n"
|
|
" protege el código que vayas a escribir.\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/googletest.md
|
|
msgid "shows a color-coded diff (colors not shown here):"
|
|
msgstr "muestra un diff con colores (colores que no se muestran aquí):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/googletest.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The crate is a Rust port of [GoogleTest for C++](https://google.github.io/"
|
|
"googletest/)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El crate es un puerto de Rust de [GoogleTest para C++](https://google.github."
|
|
"io/googletest/)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/googletest.md
|
|
msgid "GoogleTest is available for use in AOSP."
|
|
msgstr "GoogleTest se puede utilizar en AOSP."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/mocking.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"For mocking, [Mockall](https://docs.rs/mockall/) is a widely used library. "
|
|
"You need to refactor your code to use traits, which you can then quickly "
|
|
"mock:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Mockall](https://docs.rs/mockall/) es una biblioteca que se usa para hacer "
|
|
"simulaciones. Debes refactorizar tu código para usar traits, con los que "
|
|
"podrás hacer simulaciones:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/mocking.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The advice here is for Android (AOSP) where Mockall is the recommended "
|
|
"mocking library. There are other [mocking libraries available on crates.io]"
|
|
"(https://crates.io/keywords/mock), in particular in the area of mocking HTTP "
|
|
"services. The other mocking libraries work in a similar fashion as Mockall, "
|
|
"meaning that they make it easy to get a mock implementation of a given trait."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Estos consejos son útiles para Android (AOSP), donde Mockall es la "
|
|
"biblioteca de simulaciones recomendada. Hay otras [bibliotecas de simulación "
|
|
"disponibles en crates.io](https://crates.io/keywords/mock), especialmente en "
|
|
"el área de servicios de simulación de HTTP. Las demás bibliotecas de "
|
|
"simulación funcionan de forma similar a Mockall, lo que significa que "
|
|
"facilitan la obtención de una implementación simulada de un trait "
|
|
"determinado."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/mocking.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Note that mocking is somewhat _controversial_: mocks allow you to completely "
|
|
"isolate a test from its dependencies. The immediate result is faster and "
|
|
"more stable test execution. On the other hand, the mocks can be configured "
|
|
"wrongly and return output different from what the real dependencies would do."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ten en cuenta que las simulaciones son algo _polémicas_, ya que te permiten "
|
|
"aislar por completo una prueba de sus dependencias. El resultado inmediato "
|
|
"es una ejecución de pruebas más rápida y estable. Por otro lado, las "
|
|
"simulaciones se pueden configurar de forma incorrecta y devuelven un "
|
|
"resultado diferente del que se obtendría con las dependencias reales."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/mocking.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If at all possible, it is recommended that you use the real dependencies. As "
|
|
"an example, many databases allow you to configure an in-memory backend. This "
|
|
"means that you get the correct behavior in your tests, plus they are fast "
|
|
"and will automatically clean up after themselves."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si es posible, te recomendamos que uses las dependencias reales. Por "
|
|
"ejemplo, muchas bases de datos te permiten configurar un backend en la "
|
|
"memoria. Es decir, en tus pruebas obtendrás el comportamiento correcto y, "
|
|
"además, son rápidas y se limpiarán de forma automática tras las pruebas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/mocking.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Similarly, many web frameworks allow you to start an in-process server which "
|
|
"binds to a random port on `localhost`. Always prefer this over mocking away "
|
|
"the framework since it helps you test your code in the real environment."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Del mismo modo, muchos frameworks web te permiten iniciar un servidor en "
|
|
"proceso que se vincula a un puerto aleatorio en `localhost`. Siempre es "
|
|
"mejor utilizar esta opción en lugar de simular el framework, ya que te ayuda "
|
|
"a hacer pruebas con el código en el entorno real."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/mocking.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Mockall is not part of the Rust Playground, so you need to run this example "
|
|
"in a local environment. Use `cargo add mockall` to quickly add Mockall to an "
|
|
"existing Cargo project."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Mockall no forma parte de Rust Playground, por lo que debes ejecutar este "
|
|
"ejemplo en un entorno local. Usa `cargo add modelall` para añadir de forma "
|
|
"rápida Mockall a un proyecto de Cargo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/mocking.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Mockall has a lot more functionality. In particular, you can set up "
|
|
"expectations which depend on the arguments passed. Here we use this to mock "
|
|
"a cat which becomes hungry 3 hours after the last time it was fed:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Mockall tiene muchas más funciones. En concreto, puedes configurar "
|
|
"expectativas en función de los argumentos. Aquí utilizamos el ejemplo para "
|
|
"simular un gato que tiene hambre 3 horas después de que le hayan dado de "
|
|
"comer:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/mocking.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You can use `.times(n)` to limit the number of times a mock method can be "
|
|
"called to `n` --- the mock will automatically panic when dropped if this "
|
|
"isn't satisfied."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Puedes utilizar `.times(n)` para limitar el número de veces que se puede "
|
|
"llamar a un método de simulación a `n`. Si no se cumple, la simulación "
|
|
"activará un pánico automáticamente cuando se elimine."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/lints.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The Rust compiler produces fantastic error messages, as well as helpful "
|
|
"built-in lints. [Clippy](https://doc.rust-lang.org/clippy/) provides even "
|
|
"more lints, organized into groups that can be enabled per-project."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El compilador de Rust crea mensajes de error muy buenos, así como lints "
|
|
"integrados útiles. [Clippy](https://doc.rust-lang.org/clippy/) ofrece aún "
|
|
"más lints, organizados en grupos que se pueden habilitar por proyecto."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/lints.md
|
|
msgid "\"X probably fits in a u16, right? {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Es probable que X encaje en una u16, ¿no? {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/lints.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Run the code sample and examine the error message. There are also lints "
|
|
"visible here, but those will not be shown once the code compiles. Switch to "
|
|
"the Playground site to show those lints."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ejecuta el código de ejemplo y analiza el mensaje de error. También se ven "
|
|
"lints, pero no se mostrarán una vez que se compile el código. Ve al "
|
|
"playground para ver los lints."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/lints.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"After resolving the lints, run `clippy` on the playground site to show "
|
|
"clippy warnings. Clippy has extensive documentation of its lints, and adds "
|
|
"new lints (including default-deny lints) all the time."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Después de resolver los lints, ejecuta `clippy` en el playground para "
|
|
"mostrar advertencias de Clippy. Clippy cuenta con una amplia documentación "
|
|
"sobre sus lints y añade otros nuevos continuamente (incluidos los de "
|
|
"denegación de forma predeterminada)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/lints.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Note that errors or warnings with `help: ...` can be fixed with `cargo fix` "
|
|
"or via your editor."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ten en cuenta que los errores o las advertencias con `help: ...` se pueden "
|
|
"corregir con `cargo fix` o con el editor que uses."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "Luhn Algorithm"
|
|
msgstr "Algoritmo de Luhn"
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The [Luhn algorithm](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luhn_algorithm) is used "
|
|
"to validate credit card numbers. The algorithm takes a string as input and "
|
|
"does the following to validate the credit card number:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El [algoritmo de Luhn](https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luhn_algorithm) se usa "
|
|
"para validar números de tarjetas de crédito. El algoritmo toma una cadena "
|
|
"como entrada y hace lo siguiente para validar el número de la tarjeta de "
|
|
"crédito:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "Ignore all spaces. Reject number with less than two digits."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ignora todos los espacios. Rechaza los números con menos de dos dígitos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Moving from **right to left**, double every second digit: for the number "
|
|
"`1234`, we double `3` and `1`. For the number `98765`, we double `6` and `8`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"De derecha a izquierda, duplica cada dos cifras: en el caso del número "
|
|
"`1234`, se duplica el `3` y el `1`. En el caso del número `98765`, se "
|
|
"duplica el `6` y el `8`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"After doubling a digit, sum the digits if the result is greater than 9. So "
|
|
"doubling `7` becomes `14` which becomes `1 + 4 = 5`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Después de duplicar un dígito, se suman los dígitos si el resultado es mayor "
|
|
"a 9. Por tanto, si duplicas `7`, pasará a ser `14`, lo cual pasará a ser `1 "
|
|
"+4 = 5`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "Sum all the undoubled and doubled digits."
|
|
msgstr "Suma todos los dígitos, no duplicados y duplicados."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "The credit card number is valid if the sum ends with `0`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El número de la tarjeta de crédito es válido si la suma termina en `0`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The provided code provides a buggy implementation of the luhn algorithm, "
|
|
"along with two basic unit tests that confirm that most the algorithm is "
|
|
"implemented correctly."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El código proporcionado ofrece una implementación errónea del algoritmo de "
|
|
"Luhn, junto con dos pruebas unitarias básicas que confirman que la mayor "
|
|
"parte del algoritmo se ha implementado correctamente."
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/exercise.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Copy the code below to <https://play.rust-lang.org/> and write additional "
|
|
"tests to uncover bugs in the provided implementation, fixing any bugs you "
|
|
"find."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Copia el fragmento de código que aparece más abajo en la página <https://"
|
|
"play.rust-lang.org/> y rellena los métodos y funciones que faltan:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/exercise.md src/testing/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"4263 9826 4026 9299\""
|
|
msgstr "\"4263 9826 4026 9299\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/exercise.md src/testing/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"4539 3195 0343 6467\""
|
|
msgstr "\"4539 3195 0343 6467\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/exercise.md src/testing/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"7992 7398 713\""
|
|
msgstr "\"7992 7398 713\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/exercise.md src/testing/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"4223 9826 4026 9299\""
|
|
msgstr "\"4223 9826 4026 9299\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/exercise.md src/testing/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"4539 3195 0343 6476\""
|
|
msgstr "\"4539 3195 0343 6476\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/exercise.md src/testing/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"8273 1232 7352 0569\""
|
|
msgstr "\"8273 1232 7352 0569\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/solution.md
|
|
msgid "// This is the buggy version that appears in the problem.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Esta es la versión con errores que aparece en el problema.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/solution.md
|
|
msgid "// This is the solution and passes all of the tests below.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Esta es la solución, que pasará todas las siguientes pruebas.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"1234 5678 1234 5670\""
|
|
msgstr "\"1234 5678 1234 5670\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"Is {cc_number} a valid credit card number? {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"¿Es {cc_number} un número de tarjeta de crédito válido? {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"yes\""
|
|
msgstr "\"sí\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"no\""
|
|
msgstr "\"no\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"foo 0 0\""
|
|
msgstr "\"foo 0 0\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\" \""
|
|
msgstr "\" \""
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\" \""
|
|
msgstr "\" \""
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\" \""
|
|
msgstr "\" \""
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"0\""
|
|
msgstr "\"0\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/testing/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\" 0 0 \""
|
|
msgstr "\" 0 0 \""
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-4-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "[Error Handling](./error-handling.md) (45 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Gestión de errores](./error-handling.md) (45 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-4-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "[Unsafe Rust](./unsafe-rust.md) (1 hour and 5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Rust inseguro](./unsafe-rust.md) (1 hora y 5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/welcome-day-4-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "Including 10 minute breaks, this session should take about 2 hours"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Contando con los descansos de 10 minutos, la duración prevista de la sesión "
|
|
"es de unas 2 horas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling.md
|
|
msgid "[Panics](./error-handling/panics.md) (3 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Pánicos](./error-handling/panics.md) (3 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling.md
|
|
msgid "[Try Operator](./error-handling/try.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Operador Try](./error-handling/try.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling.md
|
|
msgid "[Try Conversions](./error-handling/try-conversions.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Conversiones Try](./error-handling/try-conversions.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling.md
|
|
msgid "[Error Trait](./error-handling/error.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Trait Error](./error-handling/error.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[thiserror and anyhow](./error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[thiserror y anyhow](./error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Exercise: Rewriting with Result](./error-handling/exercise.md) (20 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Ejercicio: reescribir con Result](./error-handling/exercise.md) (20 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/panics.md
|
|
msgid "Rust handles fatal errors with a \"panic\"."
|
|
msgstr "Rust gestiona los errores críticos con un \"pánico\"."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/panics.md
|
|
msgid "Rust will trigger a panic if a fatal error happens at runtime:"
|
|
msgstr "Rust activará un _panic_ si se produce un error grave en _runtime_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/panics.md
|
|
msgid "\"v[100]: {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"v[100]: {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/panics.md
|
|
msgid "Panics are for unrecoverable and unexpected errors."
|
|
msgstr "Los _panics_ se usan para errores irrecuperables e inesperados."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/panics.md
|
|
msgid "Panics are symptoms of bugs in the program."
|
|
msgstr "Los _panics_ son un síntoma de que hay fallos en el programa."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/panics.md
|
|
msgid "Runtime failures like failed bounds checks can panic"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los fallos del tiempo de ejecución, como las comprobaciones de límites "
|
|
"fallidas, pueden activar un pánico."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/panics.md
|
|
msgid "Assertions (such as `assert!`) panic on failure"
|
|
msgstr "Las aserciones (como `assert!`) activan un pánico cuando hay fallos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/panics.md
|
|
msgid "Purpose-specific panics can use the `panic!` macro."
|
|
msgstr "Los pánicos con fines específicos pueden usar la macro `panic!`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/panics.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A panic will \"unwind\" the stack, dropping values just as if the functions "
|
|
"had returned."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Cuando se produce un pánico, se \"desenrolla\" la pila y se eliminan los "
|
|
"valores como si las funciones hubieran devuelto un resultado."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/panics.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Use non-panicking APIs (such as `Vec::get`) if crashing is not acceptable."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Utiliza API que no activen _panics_ (como `Vec::get`) si no se admiten "
|
|
"fallos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/panics.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"By default, a panic will cause the stack to unwind. The unwinding can be "
|
|
"caught:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"De forma predeterminada, el _panic_ hará que la _stack_ se desenrolle. El "
|
|
"proceso de desenrrollado se puede detectar:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/panics.md
|
|
msgid "\"No problem here!\""
|
|
msgstr "\"No hay ningún problema.\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/panics.md
|
|
msgid "\"{result:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{result:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/panics.md
|
|
msgid "\"oh no!\""
|
|
msgstr "\"¡Vaya!\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/panics.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Catching is unusual; do not attempt to implement exceptions with "
|
|
"`catch_unwind`!"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El catching no es habitual, por lo que recomendamos no implementar "
|
|
"excepciones con `catch_unwind`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/panics.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This can be useful in servers which should keep running even if a single "
|
|
"request crashes."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Esto puede ser útil en los servidores que deben seguir ejecutándose aunque "
|
|
"una sola solicitud falle."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/panics.md
|
|
msgid "This does not work if `panic = 'abort'` is set in your `Cargo.toml`."
|
|
msgstr "No funciona si `panic = 'abort'` está definido en `Cargo.toml`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Runtime errors like connection-refused or file-not-found are handled with "
|
|
"the `Result` type, but matching this type on every call can be cumbersome. "
|
|
"The try-operator `?` is used to return errors to the caller. It lets you "
|
|
"turn the common"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los errores de tiempo de ejecución, como los de fallo en la conexión o de "
|
|
"archivo no encontrado, se gestionan con el tipo `Result`, pero hacer "
|
|
"coincidir este tipo en todas las llamadas puede ser complicado. El operador "
|
|
"try `?` se utiliza para devolver errores al llamador. Te permite convertir "
|
|
"lo habitual"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try.md
|
|
msgid "into the much simpler"
|
|
msgstr "en algo mucho más sencillo:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try.md
|
|
msgid "We can use this to simplify our error handling code:"
|
|
msgstr "Podemos utilizarlo para simplificar el código de gestión de errores:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try.md
|
|
msgid "//fs::write(\"config.dat\", \"alice\").unwrap();\n"
|
|
msgstr "//fs::write(\"config.dat\", \"alice\").unwrap();\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try.md src/error-handling/try-conversions.md
|
|
#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
|
|
msgid "\"config.dat\""
|
|
msgstr "\"config.dat\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try.md src/error-handling/try-conversions.md
|
|
msgid "\"username or error: {username:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"nombre de usuario o error: {username:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try.md
|
|
msgid "Simplify the `read_username` function to use `?`."
|
|
msgstr "Simplifica la función `read_username` para usar `?`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try.md
|
|
msgid "The `username` variable can be either `Ok(string)` or `Err(error)`."
|
|
msgstr "La variable `username` puede ser `Ok(string)` o `Err(error)`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Use the `fs::write` call to test out the different scenarios: no file, empty "
|
|
"file, file with username."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Utiliza la llamada a `fs::write` para probar las distintas situaciones: sin "
|
|
"archivo, archivo vacío o archivo con nombre de usuario."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Note that `main` can return a `Result<(), E>` as long as it implements `std::"
|
|
"process:Termination`. In practice, this means that `E` implements `Debug`. "
|
|
"The executable will print the `Err` variant and return a nonzero exit status "
|
|
"on error."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ten en cuenta que `main` puede devolver un `Result<(), E>` siempre que "
|
|
"implemente `std::process:Termination`. En la práctica, esto significa que "
|
|
"`E` implementa `Debug`. El ejecutable imprimirá la variante `Err` y "
|
|
"devolverá un estado de salida distinto a cero si se produce un error."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The effective expansion of `?` is a little more complicated than previously "
|
|
"indicated:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La expansión efectiva de `?` es un poco más complicada de lo que se ha "
|
|
"indicado anteriormente:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md
|
|
msgid "works the same as"
|
|
msgstr "funciona igual que"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `From::from` call here means we attempt to convert the error type to the "
|
|
"type returned by the function. This makes it easy to encapsulate errors into "
|
|
"higher-level errors."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Aquí la llamada a `From::from` significa que intentamos convertir el tipo de "
|
|
"error al tipo que devuelve la función:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md
|
|
msgid "\"IO error: {e}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Error IO: {e}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md
|
|
msgid "\"Found no username in {path}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"No se ha encontrado ningún nombre de usuario en {path}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md
|
|
#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
|
|
msgid "//fs::write(\"config.dat\", \"\").unwrap();\n"
|
|
msgstr "//fs::write(\"config.dat\", \"\").unwrap();\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `?` operator must return a value compatible with the return type of the "
|
|
"function. For `Result`, it means that the error types have to be compatible. "
|
|
"A function that returns `Result<T, ErrorOuter>` can only use `?` on a value "
|
|
"of type `Result<U, ErrorInner>` if `ErrorOuter` and `ErrorInner` are the "
|
|
"same type or if `ErrorOuter` implements `From<ErrorInner>`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El operador `?` debe devolver un valor compatible con el tipo de resultado "
|
|
"devuelto de la función. En `Result`, significa que los tipos de error deben "
|
|
"ser compatibles. Una función que devuelve `Result<T, ErrorOuter>` solo puede "
|
|
"usar `?` en un valor del tipo `Result<U, ErrorInner>` si `ErrorOuter` y "
|
|
"`ErrorInner` son del mismo tipo o si `ErrorOuter` implementa `. "
|
|
"From<ErrorInner>`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A common alternative to a `From` implementation is `Result::map_err`, "
|
|
"especially when the conversion only happens in one place."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Una alternativa habitual a la implementación `From` es `Result::map_err`, "
|
|
"sobre todo si la conversión solo se produce en un lugar."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"There is no compatibility requirement for `Option`. A function returning "
|
|
"`Option<T>` can use the `?` operator on `Option<U>` for arbitrary `T` and "
|
|
"`U` types."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"No hay ningún requisito de compatibilidad para `Option`. Una función que "
|
|
"devuelve `Option<T>` puede usar el operador `?` en `Option<U>` para tipos "
|
|
"arbitrarios de `T` y `U`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/try-conversions.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A function that returns `Result` cannot use `?` on `Option` and vice versa. "
|
|
"However, `Option::ok_or` converts `Option` to `Result` whereas `Result::ok` "
|
|
"turns `Result` into `Option`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Una función que devuelve `Result` no puede usar `?` en `Option` y viceversa. "
|
|
"Sin embargo, `Option::ok_or` convierte `Option` en `Result`, mientras que "
|
|
"`Result::ok` convierte `Result` en `Option`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/error.md
|
|
msgid "Dynamic Error Types"
|
|
msgstr "Tipos de Errores Dinámicos"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/error.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Sometimes we want to allow any type of error to be returned without writing "
|
|
"our own enum covering all the different possibilities. The `std::error::"
|
|
"Error` trait makes it easy to create a trait object that can contain any "
|
|
"error."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"A veces, queremos permitir que se devuelva cualquier tipo de error sin "
|
|
"escribir nuestra propia _enum_ que cubra todas las posibilidades. `std::"
|
|
"error::Error` facilita este proceso."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/error.md
|
|
msgid "\"count.dat\""
|
|
msgstr "\"count.dat\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/error.md
|
|
msgid "\"1i3\""
|
|
msgstr "\"1i3\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/error.md
|
|
msgid "\"Count: {count}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Recuento: {count}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/error.md
|
|
msgid "\"Error: {err}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Error: {err}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/error.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `read_count` function can return `std::io::Error` (from file operations) "
|
|
"or `std::num::ParseIntError` (from `String::parse`)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La función `read_count` puede devolver `std::io::Error` (de las operaciones "
|
|
"de archivos) o `std::num::ParseIntError` (de `String::parse`)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/error.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Boxing errors saves on code, but gives up the ability to cleanly handle "
|
|
"different error cases differently in the program. As such it's generally not "
|
|
"a good idea to use `Box<dyn Error>` in the public API of a library, but it "
|
|
"can be a good option in a program where you just want to display the error "
|
|
"message somewhere."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Esto permite ahorrar código, pero no da la posibilidad de gestionar "
|
|
"eficazmente los distintos casos de error en el programa. Por lo general, no "
|
|
"es una buena idea utilizar `Box<dyn Error>` en la API pública de una "
|
|
"biblioteca, pero puede ser una buena opción en un programa en el que solo "
|
|
"quieras mostrar el mensaje de error en alguna parte."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/error.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Make sure to implement the `std::error::Error` trait when defining a custom "
|
|
"error type so it can be boxed. But if you need to support the `no_std` "
|
|
"attribute, keep in mind that the `std::error::Error` trait is currently "
|
|
"compatible with `no_std` in [nightly](https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/"
|
|
"issues/103765) only."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Asegúrate de implementar el trait `std::error::Error` al definir un tipo de "
|
|
"error personalizado para que pueda tener una estructura box. Sin embargo, si "
|
|
"necesitas el atributo `no_std`, ten en cuenta que el trait `std::error::"
|
|
"Error` de momento solo es compatible con `no_std` en [nightly](https://"
|
|
"github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/103765)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The [`thiserror`](https://docs.rs/thiserror/) and [`anyhow`](https://docs.rs/"
|
|
"anyhow/) crates are widely used to simplify error handling."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Uno de los métodos más populares para crear una _enum_ (enumeración) de "
|
|
"errores es el crate [thiserror](https://docs.rs/thiserror/), como hicimos en "
|
|
"la página anterior:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`thiserror` is often used in libraries to create custom error types that "
|
|
"implement `From<T>`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`thiserror` se suele usar en bibliotecas para crear tipos de errores "
|
|
"personalizados que implementan `From<T>`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`anyhow` is often used by applications to help with error handling in "
|
|
"functions, including adding contextual information to your errors."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Las aplicaciones suelen utilizar `anyhow` para gestionar errores en "
|
|
"funciones, como añadir información contextual a los errores."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
|
|
msgid "\"Found no username in {0}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"No se ha encontrado ningún nombre de usuario en {0}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
|
|
msgid "\"Failed to open {path}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"No se ha podido abrir {path}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
|
|
msgid "\"Failed to read\""
|
|
msgstr "\"No se ha podido leer\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
|
|
msgid "\"Username: {username}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Nombre de usuario: {username}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
|
|
msgid "\"Error: {err:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Error: {err:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "`thiserror`"
|
|
msgstr "`Error`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `Error` derive macro is provided by `thiserror`, and has lots of useful "
|
|
"attributes to help define error types in a compact way."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La macro de derivación `Error` la proporciona `thiserror` y ofrece muchos "
|
|
"atributos útiles para definir los tipos de error de forma compacta."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
|
|
msgid "The `std::error::Error` trait is derived automatically."
|
|
msgstr "El trait `std::error::Error` se deriva automáticamente."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
|
|
msgid "The message from `#[error]` is used to derive the `Display` trait."
|
|
msgstr "El mensaje de `#[error]` se usa para derivar el trait `Display`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
|
|
msgid "`anyhow`"
|
|
msgstr "`anyhow`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`anyhow::Error` is essentially a wrapper around `Box<dyn Error>`. As such "
|
|
"it's again generally not a good choice for the public API of a library, but "
|
|
"is widely used in applications."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`anyhow::Error` es básicamente un envoltorio alrededor de `Box<dyn Error>`. "
|
|
"Como tal, no suele ser una buena elección para la API pública de una "
|
|
"biblioteca, pero se usa con frecuencia en aplicaciones."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
|
|
msgid "`anyhow::Result<V>` is a type alias for `Result<V, anyhow::Error>`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`anyhow::Result<V>` es un alias de tipo para `Result<V, anyhow::Error>`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Actual error type inside of it can be extracted for examination if necessary."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El tipo de error real que contiene se puede extraer para analizarlo si es "
|
|
"necesario."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Functionality provided by `anyhow::Result<T>` may be familiar to Go "
|
|
"developers, as it provides similar usage patterns and ergonomics to `(T, "
|
|
"error)` from Go."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La funcionalidad proporcionada por `anyhow::Result<T>` puede resultar "
|
|
"familiar a los desarrolladores de Go, ya que ofrece patrones de uso y "
|
|
"ergonomía similares a `(T, error)` de Go."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/thiserror-and-anyhow.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`anyhow::Context` is a trait implemented for the standard `Result` and "
|
|
"`Option` types. `use anyhow::Context` is necessary to enable `.context()` "
|
|
"and `.with_context()` on those types."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`anyhow::Context` es un trait implementado para los tipos estándar `Result` "
|
|
"y `Option`. Se necesita `use anyhow::Context` para habilitar `.context()` y "
|
|
"`.with_context()` en esos tipos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "Exercise: Rewriting with Result"
|
|
msgstr "Ejercicio: reescribir con Result"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The following implements a very simple parser for an expression language. "
|
|
"However, it handles errors by panicking. Rewrite it to instead use idiomatic "
|
|
"error handling and propagate errors to a return from `main`. Feel free to "
|
|
"use `thiserror` and `anyhow`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"A continuación, se implementa un analizador muy sencillo para un lenguaje de "
|
|
"expresiones. Sin embargo, para gestionar los errores, utiliza pánicos. "
|
|
"Reescribe este texto para utilizar la gestión de errores idiomática y "
|
|
"propagar los errores a un instrucción de retorno desde `main`. No dudes en "
|
|
"usar `thiserror` y `anyhow`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"HINT: start by fixing error handling in the `parse` function. Once that is "
|
|
"working correctly, update `Tokenizer` to implement "
|
|
"`Iterator<Item=Result<Token, TokenizerError>>` and handle that in the parser."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"CONSEJO: empieza por corregir la gestión de errores en la función `parse`. "
|
|
"Cuando funcione correctamente, actualiza `Tokenizer` para implementar "
|
|
"`Iterator<Item=Result<Token, TokenizerError>>` y gestiónalo en el analizador."
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// An arithmetic operator.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Un operador aritmético.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// A token in the expression language.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Un token en el lenguaje expresión.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// An expression in the expression language.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Una expresión en el lenguaje de la expresión.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// A reference to a variable.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Una referencia a una variable.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// A literal number.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Un número literal.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md
|
|
msgid "/// A binary operation.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Una operación binaria.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md
|
|
msgid "'z'"
|
|
msgstr "'z'"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md
|
|
msgid "'_'"
|
|
msgstr "'_'"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md
|
|
msgid "'+'"
|
|
msgstr "'+'"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md
|
|
msgid "'-'"
|
|
msgstr "'-'"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "\"Unexpected character {c}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Carácter inesperado {c}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"Unexpected end of input\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Fin de entrada inesperado\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "\"Invalid 32-bit integer'\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Número entero de 32 bits no válido'\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "\"Unexpected token {tok:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Token inesperado: {tok:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md
|
|
msgid "// Look ahead to parse a binary operation if present.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Analiza la operación binaria, si procede.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"10+foo+20-30\""
|
|
msgstr "\"10+foo+20-30\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/exercise.md src/error-handling/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"{expr:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{expr:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"Unexpected character '{0}' in input\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Carácter inesperado '{0}' en la entrada\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"Tokenizer error: {0}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Error del tokenizador: {0}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"Unexpected token {0:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Token inesperado: {0:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/error-handling/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"Invalid number\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Número no válido\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust.md
|
|
msgid "[Unsafe](./unsafe-rust/unsafe.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Inseguro](./unsafe-rust/unsafe.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Dereferencing Raw Pointers](./unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md) (10 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Desreferenciar punteros sin formato](./unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md) (10 "
|
|
"minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust.md
|
|
msgid "[Mutable Static Variables](./unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Variables estáticas mutables](./unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust.md
|
|
msgid "[Unions](./unsafe-rust/unions.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Uniones](./unsafe-rust/unions.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust.md
|
|
msgid "[Unsafe Functions](./unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Funciones inseguras](./unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust.md
|
|
msgid "[Unsafe Traits](./unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md) (5 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Traits inseguros](./unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md) (5 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust.md
|
|
msgid "[Exercise: FFI Wrapper](./unsafe-rust/exercise.md) (30 minutes)"
|
|
msgstr "[Ejercicio: envoltorio de FFI](./unsafe-rust/exercise.md) (30 minutos)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md
|
|
msgid "The Rust language has two parts:"
|
|
msgstr "El lenguaje Rust tiene dos partes:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md
|
|
msgid "**Safe Rust:** memory safe, no undefined behavior possible."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"**_Safe_ Rust:** memoria segura, sin posibilidad de comportamiento "
|
|
"indefinido."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"**Unsafe Rust:** can trigger undefined behavior if preconditions are "
|
|
"violated."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"**_Unsafe_ Rust:** puede activar un comportamiento no definido si se "
|
|
"infringen las condiciones previas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"We saw mostly safe Rust in this course, but it's important to know what "
|
|
"Unsafe Rust is."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En este curso, casi todo lo que veremos es _Safe_ Rust, aunque es importante "
|
|
"saber qué es _Unsafe_ Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Unsafe code is usually small and isolated, and its correctness should be "
|
|
"carefully documented. It is usually wrapped in a safe abstraction layer."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Por lo general, el código inseguro es pequeño y está aislado, y su "
|
|
"corrección debe estar bien documentada. Suele estar envuelto en una capa de "
|
|
"abstracción segura."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md
|
|
msgid "Unsafe Rust gives you access to five new capabilities:"
|
|
msgstr "Rust inseguro te permite acceder a cinco nuevas funciones:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md
|
|
msgid "Dereference raw pointers."
|
|
msgstr "Desreferenciar punteros sin formato."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md
|
|
msgid "Access or modify mutable static variables."
|
|
msgstr "Acceder o modificar variables estáticas mutables."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md
|
|
msgid "Access `union` fields."
|
|
msgstr "Acceder a los campos `union`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md
|
|
msgid "Call `unsafe` functions, including `extern` functions."
|
|
msgstr "Llamar a funciones `unsafe`, incluidas las funciones `extern`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md
|
|
msgid "Implement `unsafe` traits."
|
|
msgstr "Implementar traits `unsafe`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"We will briefly cover unsafe capabilities next. For full details, please see "
|
|
"[Chapter 19.1 in the Rust Book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch19-01-"
|
|
"unsafe-rust.html) and the [Rustonomicon](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"A continuación, hablaremos brevemente sobre las funciones que no son "
|
|
"seguras. Para obtener más información, consulta el [capítulo 19.1 del Libro "
|
|
"de Rust](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch19-01-unsafe-rust.html) y el "
|
|
"documento [Rustonomicon](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Unsafe Rust does not mean the code is incorrect. It means that developers "
|
|
"have turned off some compiler safety features and have to write correct code "
|
|
"by themselves. It means the compiler no longer enforces Rust's memory-safety "
|
|
"rules."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"_Unsafe_ Rust no significa que el código sea incorrecto. Significa que los "
|
|
"desarrolladores han desactivado las funciones de seguridad del compilador y "
|
|
"que tienen que escribir el código correcto por su cuenta. Significa que el "
|
|
"compilador ya no aplica las reglas de seguridad de memoria de Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md
|
|
msgid "Creating pointers is safe, but dereferencing them requires `unsafe`:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La creación de punteros es un proceso seguro, pero para anular las "
|
|
"referencias, es necesario utilizar `unsafe`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md
|
|
msgid "\"careful!\""
|
|
msgstr "\"¡cuidado!\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// Safe because r1 and r2 were obtained from references and so are\n"
|
|
" // guaranteed to be non-null and properly aligned, the objects "
|
|
"underlying\n"
|
|
" // the references from which they were obtained are live throughout the\n"
|
|
" // whole unsafe block, and they are not accessed either through the\n"
|
|
" // references or concurrently through any other pointers.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// Es seguro porque r1 y r2 se han obtenido a partir desde referencias y, "
|
|
"por lo tanto,\n"
|
|
" // se garantiza que no son nulos y que están alineados correctamente. "
|
|
"Los objetos subyacentes\n"
|
|
" // a las referencias de las que se han obtenido están activos\n"
|
|
" // en el bloque inseguro y no se puede acceder a ellos ni a través de "
|
|
"las \n"
|
|
" // referencias ni simultáneamente a través de otros punteros.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md
|
|
msgid "\"r1 is: {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"r1 es: {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md
|
|
msgid "\"uhoh\""
|
|
msgstr "\"oh, oh\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md
|
|
msgid "\"r2 is: {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"r2 es: {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// NOT SAFE. DO NOT DO THIS.\n"
|
|
" /*\n"
|
|
" let r3: &String = unsafe { &*r1 };\n"
|
|
" drop(s);\n"
|
|
" println!(\"r3 is: {}\", *r3);\n"
|
|
" */"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// NO ES SEGURO. NO HAGAS ESTO.\n"
|
|
" /*\n"
|
|
" let r3: &String = unsafe { &*r1 };\n"
|
|
" drop(s);\n"
|
|
" println!(\"r3 is: {}\", *r3);\n"
|
|
" */"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"It is good practice (and required by the Android Rust style guide) to write "
|
|
"a comment for each `unsafe` block explaining how the code inside it "
|
|
"satisfies the safety requirements of the unsafe operations it is doing."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Se recomienda (y es obligatorio en la guía de estilo Rust de Android) "
|
|
"escribir un comentario para cada bloque `unsafe` explicando cómo el código "
|
|
"que contiene cumple los requisitos de seguridad de las operaciones inseguras "
|
|
"que realiza."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In the case of pointer dereferences, this means that the pointers must be "
|
|
"[_valid_](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ptr/index.html#safety), i.e.:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En el caso de la desreferenciación de punteros, significa que los punteros "
|
|
"deben ser [_válidos_](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ptr/index.html#safety), "
|
|
"por ejemplo:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md
|
|
msgid "The pointer must be non-null."
|
|
msgstr "El puntero no puede ser nulo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The pointer must be _dereferenceable_ (within the bounds of a single "
|
|
"allocated object)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El puntero debe ser _desreferenciable_ (dentro de los límites de un único "
|
|
"objeto asignado)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md
|
|
msgid "The object must not have been deallocated."
|
|
msgstr "El objeto no debe haberse desasignado."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md
|
|
msgid "There must not be concurrent accesses to the same location."
|
|
msgstr "No debe haber accesos simultáneos a la misma ubicación."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If the pointer was obtained by casting a reference, the underlying object "
|
|
"must be live and no reference may be used to access the memory."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si el puntero se ha obtenido enviando una referencia, el objeto subyacente "
|
|
"debe estar activo y no puede utilizarse ninguna referencia para acceder a la "
|
|
"memoria."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md
|
|
msgid "In most cases the pointer must also be properly aligned."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En la mayoría de los casos, el puntero también debe estar alineado "
|
|
"adecuadamente."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/dereferencing.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The \"NOT SAFE\" section gives an example of a common kind of UB bug: `*r1` "
|
|
"has the `'static` lifetime, so `r3` has type `&'static String`, and thus "
|
|
"outlives `s`. Creating a reference from a pointer requires _great care_."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En la sección \"INSEGURO\" se muestra un ejemplo de un tipo común de error "
|
|
"comportamiento indefinido: `*r1` tiene el tiempo de vida `'static`, por lo "
|
|
"que `r3` tiene el tipo `&'static String` y, por lo tanto, su duración es "
|
|
"mayor que la de `s`. Para crear una referencia a partir de un puntero hay "
|
|
"que tener _mucho cuidado_."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md
|
|
msgid "It is safe to read an immutable static variable:"
|
|
msgstr "Es seguro leer una variable estática inmutable:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md
|
|
msgid "\"Hello, world!\""
|
|
msgstr "\"¡Hola, mundo!\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md
|
|
msgid "\"HELLO_WORLD: {HELLO_WORLD}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"HELLO_WORLD: {HELLO_WORLD}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"However, since data races can occur, it is unsafe to read and write mutable "
|
|
"static variables:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Sin embargo, dado que pueden producirse carreras de datos, no es seguro leer "
|
|
"y escribir variables estáticas mutables:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md
|
|
msgid "\"COUNTER: {COUNTER}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"CONTADOR: {COUNTER}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The program here is safe because it is single-threaded. However, the Rust "
|
|
"compiler is conservative and will assume the worst. Try removing the "
|
|
"`unsafe` and see how the compiler explains that it is undefined behavior to "
|
|
"mutate a static from multiple threads."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Este programa es seguro porque tiene un único hilo. Sin embargo, el "
|
|
"compilador de Rust es conservador y asumirá lo peor. Prueba a eliminar "
|
|
"`unsafe` y observa cómo el compilador explica que cambiar un elemento "
|
|
"estático desde varios hilos es un comportamiento indefinido."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/mutable-static.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Using a mutable static is generally a bad idea, but there are some cases "
|
|
"where it might make sense in low-level `no_std` code, such as implementing a "
|
|
"heap allocator or working with some C APIs."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"No suele ser buena idea usar una variable estática mutable, pero en algunos "
|
|
"casos puede encajar en código `no_std` de bajo nivel, como implementar una "
|
|
"asignación de _heap_ o trabajar con algunas APIs C."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unions.md
|
|
msgid "Unions are like enums, but you need to track the active field yourself:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Las uniones son como _enums_ (enumeraciones), pero eres tú quien debe hacer "
|
|
"el seguimiento del campo activo:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unions.md
|
|
msgid "\"int: {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"int: {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unions.md
|
|
msgid "\"bool: {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"bool: {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unions.md
|
|
msgid "// Undefined behavior!\n"
|
|
msgstr "// ¡Comportamiento indefinido!\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unions.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Unions are very rarely needed in Rust as you can usually use an enum. They "
|
|
"are occasionally needed for interacting with C library APIs."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Las uniones raramente son necesarias en Rust, ya que se suele utilizar una "
|
|
"_enum_. A veces se necesitan para interactuar con APIs de biblioteca C."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unions.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If you just want to reinterpret bytes as a different type, you probably want "
|
|
"[`std::mem::transmute`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/mem/fn."
|
|
"transmute.html) or a safe wrapper such as the [`zerocopy`](https://crates.io/"
|
|
"crates/zerocopy) crate."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si solo quieres reinterpretar los bytes como otro tipo, probablemente te "
|
|
"interese [`std::mem::transmute`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/mem/fn."
|
|
"transmute.html) o una envoltura segura, como el crate [`zerocopy`](https://"
|
|
"crates.io/crates/zerocopy)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
|
|
msgid "Calling Unsafe Functions"
|
|
msgstr "Llamar Funciones Unsafe (Inseguras)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A function or method can be marked `unsafe` if it has extra preconditions "
|
|
"you must uphold to avoid undefined behaviour:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Una función o método se puede marcar como `unsafe` si tiene condiciones "
|
|
"previas adicionales que debes mantener para evitar un comportamiento "
|
|
"indefinido:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md src/android/interoperability/with-c.md
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "\"C\""
|
|
msgstr "\"C\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
|
|
msgid "\"🗻∈🌏\""
|
|
msgstr "\"🗻∈🌏\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// Safe because the indices are in the correct order, within the bounds of\n"
|
|
" // the string slice, and lie on UTF-8 sequence boundaries.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// Es seguro porque los índices están en el orden correcto, dentro de los "
|
|
"límites del\n"
|
|
" // el slice de la cadena, y se encuentran en los límites de la secuencia "
|
|
"de UTF-8.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
|
|
msgid "\"emoji: {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"emoji: {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
|
|
msgid "\"char count: {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"recuento de caracteres: {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "// Undefined behavior if abs misbehaves.\n"
|
|
msgstr "No hay comportamientos indefinidos en _runtime_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
|
|
msgid "\"Absolute value of -3 according to C: {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Valor absoluto de -3 según C: {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// Not upholding the UTF-8 encoding requirement breaks memory safety!\n"
|
|
" // println!(\"emoji: {}\", unsafe { emojis.get_unchecked(0..3) });\n"
|
|
" // println!(\"char count: {}\", count_chars(unsafe {\n"
|
|
" // emojis.get_unchecked(0..3) }));\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// Si no se mantiene el requisito de codificación UTF-8, se verá afectada la "
|
|
"seguridad de la memoria.\n"
|
|
" // println!(\"emoji: {}\", no seguro { emojis.get_unchecked(0..3) });\n"
|
|
" // println!(\"recuento de caracteres: {}\", count_chars(no seguro {\n"
|
|
" // emojis.get_unchecked(0..3) }));\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
|
|
msgid "Writing Unsafe Functions"
|
|
msgstr "Escribir Funciones Unsafe (Inseguras)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You can mark your own functions as `unsafe` if they require particular "
|
|
"conditions to avoid undefined behaviour."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Puedes marcar tus propias funciones como `unsafe` si requieren condiciones "
|
|
"concretas para evitar un comportamiento indefinido."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// Swaps the values pointed to by the given pointers.\n"
|
|
"///\n"
|
|
"/// # Safety\n"
|
|
"///\n"
|
|
"/// The pointers must be valid and properly aligned.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"/// Cambia los valores a los que apuntan los punteros proporcionados.\n"
|
|
"///\n"
|
|
"/// # Seguridad\n"
|
|
"///\n"
|
|
"/// Los punteros deben ser válidos y estar alineados adecuadamente.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
|
|
msgid "// Safe because ...\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Es seguro porque ...\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
|
|
msgid "\"a = {}, b = {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"a = {}, b = {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`get_unchecked`, like most `_unchecked` functions, is unsafe, because it can "
|
|
"create UB if the range is incorrect. `abs` is incorrect for a different "
|
|
"reason: it is an external function (FFI). Calling external functions is "
|
|
"usually only a problem when those functions do things with pointers which "
|
|
"might violate Rust's memory model, but in general any C function might have "
|
|
"undefined behaviour under any arbitrary circumstances."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Esto solo suele suponer un problema para las funciones externas que hacen "
|
|
"cosas con punteros que pueden infringir el modelo de memoria de Rust pero, "
|
|
"en general, cualquier función C puede tener un comportamiento indefinido "
|
|
"bajo cualquier circunstancia arbitraria."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `\"C\"` in this example is the ABI; [other ABIs are available too]"
|
|
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/items/external-blocks.html)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En este ejemplo, `\"C\"` es la ABI.; [también hay otras ABI disponibles]"
|
|
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/items/external-blocks.html)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"We wouldn't actually use pointers for a `swap` function - it can be done "
|
|
"safely with references."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En realidad, no usaríamos punteros para este caso porque se puede hacer de "
|
|
"forma segura con referencias."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-functions.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Note that unsafe code is allowed within an unsafe function without an "
|
|
"`unsafe` block. We can prohibit this with `#[deny(unsafe_op_in_unsafe_fn)]`. "
|
|
"Try adding it and see what happens. This will likely change in a future Rust "
|
|
"edition."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ten en cuenta que el código inseguro se admite en una función insegura sin "
|
|
"un bloque `unsafe`. Podemos prohibirlo con "
|
|
"`#[deny(unsafe_op_in_unsafe_fn)]`. Prueba a añadirlo para ver qué ocurre."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md
|
|
msgid "Implementing Unsafe Traits"
|
|
msgstr "Implementación de Traits Unsafe (Inseguras) "
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Like with functions, you can mark a trait as `unsafe` if the implementation "
|
|
"must guarantee particular conditions to avoid undefined behaviour."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Al igual que con las funciones, puedes marcar un trait como `unsafe` si la "
|
|
"implementación debe asegurar condiciones concretas para evitar un "
|
|
"comportamiento indefinido."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"For example, the `zerocopy` crate has an unsafe trait that looks [something "
|
|
"like this](https://docs.rs/zerocopy/latest/zerocopy/trait.AsBytes.html):"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Por ejemplo, el crate `zerocopy` tiene un trait inseguro, [que se parece a "
|
|
"esto](https://docs.rs/zerocopy/latest/zerocopy/trait.AsBytes.html):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// ...\n"
|
|
"/// # Safety\n"
|
|
"/// The type must have a defined representation and no padding.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"/// ...\n"
|
|
"/// # Seguridad\n"
|
|
"/// El tipo debe tener una representación definida y no tener espacio de "
|
|
"relleno.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md
|
|
msgid "// Safe because u32 has a defined representation and no padding.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// Es seguro porque u32 tiene una representación definida y no tiene espacio "
|
|
"de relleno.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"There should be a `# Safety` section on the Rustdoc for the trait explaining "
|
|
"the requirements for the trait to be safely implemented."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Debería haber una sección `# Safety` en el Rustdoc para el trait explicando "
|
|
"los requisitos para que el trait pueda implementarse de forma segura."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The actual safety section for `AsBytes` is rather longer and more "
|
|
"complicated."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La sección de seguridad actual de `AsBytes` es bastante más larga y "
|
|
"complicada."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/unsafe-traits.md
|
|
msgid "The built-in `Send` and `Sync` traits are unsafe."
|
|
msgstr "Los traits integrados `Send` y `Sync` no son seguros."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "Safe FFI Wrapper"
|
|
msgstr "Envoltorio de FFI Seguro"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust has great support for calling functions through a _foreign function "
|
|
"interface_ (FFI). We will use this to build a safe wrapper for the `libc` "
|
|
"functions you would use from C to read the names of files in a directory."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust ofrece una gran asisencia para llamar a funciones a través de una "
|
|
"_interfaz de función externa_ (FFI). Usaremos esto para crear un envoltorio "
|
|
"seguro para las funciones `libc` que usarías desde C para leer los nombres "
|
|
"de archivo de un directorio."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "You will want to consult the manual pages:"
|
|
msgstr "Consulta las páginas del manual:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "[`opendir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/opendir.3.html)"
|
|
msgstr "[`opendir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/opendir.3.html)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "[`readdir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/readdir.3.html)"
|
|
msgstr "[`readdir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/readdir.3.html)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "[`closedir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/closedir.3.html)"
|
|
msgstr "[`closedir(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/closedir.3.html)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You will also want to browse the [`std::ffi`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/"
|
|
"ffi/) module. There you find a number of string types which you need for the "
|
|
"exercise:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"También te recomendamos que consultes el módulo [`std::ffi`](https://doc."
|
|
"rust-lang.org/std/ffi/). Ahí encontrarás una serie de tipos de cadena que "
|
|
"necesitas para el ejercicio:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "Encoding"
|
|
msgstr "Codificación"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "Use"
|
|
msgstr "Uso"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[`str`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/primitive.str.html) and [`String`]"
|
|
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/struct.String.html)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[`str`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/primitive.str.html) y [`String`]"
|
|
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/struct.String.html)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "UTF-8"
|
|
msgstr "UTF-8"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "Text processing in Rust"
|
|
msgstr "Procesar textos en Rust"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[`CStr`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.CStr.html) and [`CString`]"
|
|
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.CString.html)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[`CStr`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.CStr.html) y [`CString`]"
|
|
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.CString.html)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "NUL-terminated"
|
|
msgstr "Terminado en NUL"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "Communicating with C functions"
|
|
msgstr "Comunicarse con funciones C"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[`OsStr`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.OsStr.html) and "
|
|
"[`OsString`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.OsString.html)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[`OsStr`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.OsStr.html) y [`OsString`]"
|
|
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ffi/struct.OsString.html)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "OS-specific"
|
|
msgstr "Específico del SO"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "Communicating with the OS"
|
|
msgstr "Comunicarse con el SO"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "You will convert between all these types:"
|
|
msgstr "Realizarás conversiones entre todos estos tipos:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`&str` to `CString`: you need to allocate space for a trailing `\\0` "
|
|
"character,"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"De `&str` a `CString`: debes asignar espacio para un carácter final `\\0`,"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "`CString` to `*const i8`: you need a pointer to call C functions,"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"De `CString` a `*const i8`: necesitas un puntero para llamar a funciones C,"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`*const i8` to `&CStr`: you need something which can find the trailing `\\0` "
|
|
"character,"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"De `*const i8` a `&CStr`: necesitas algo que pueda encontrar el carácter "
|
|
"final `\\0`,"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`&CStr` to `&[u8]`: a slice of bytes is the universal interface for \"some "
|
|
"unknown data\","
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"De `&CStr` a `&[u8]`: un slice de bytes es la interfaz universal para "
|
|
"\"algunos datos desconocidos\"."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`&[u8]` to `&OsStr`: `&OsStr` is a step towards `OsString`, use [`OsStrExt`]"
|
|
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/os/unix/ffi/trait.OsStrExt.html) to create it,"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"De `&[u8]` a `&OsStr`: `&OsStr` es un paso hacia `OsString`, usa [`OsStrExt`]"
|
|
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/os/unix/ffi/trait.OsStrExt.html) para crearlo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`&OsStr` to `OsString`: you need to clone the data in `&OsStr` to be able to "
|
|
"return it and call `readdir` again."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"De `OsStr` a `OsString`: debes clonar los datos en `&OsStr` para poder "
|
|
"devolverlo y llamar a `readdir` de nuevo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The [Nomicon](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/ffi.html) also has a very "
|
|
"useful chapter about FFI."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El [Nomicon](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/ffi.html) también tiene un "
|
|
"capítulo muy útil sobre FFI."
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Copy the code below to <https://play.rust-lang.org/> and fill in the missing "
|
|
"functions and methods:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Copia el fragmento de código que aparece más abajo en la página <https://"
|
|
"play.rust-lang.org/> y rellena los métodos y funciones que faltan:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"macos\""
|
|
msgstr "\"macos\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
|
|
msgid "// Opaque type. See https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/ffi.html.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Tipo opaco. Consulta https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/ffi.html.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// Layout according to the Linux man page for readdir(3), where ino_t and\n"
|
|
" // off_t are resolved according to the definitions in\n"
|
|
" // /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/{sys/types.h, bits/typesizes.h}.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// Diseño según la página del manual de Linux para readdir(3), donde ino_t "
|
|
"y\n"
|
|
" // off_t se resuelven de acuerdo con las definiciones de\n"
|
|
" // /usr/include/x86_64-linux-gnu/{sys/types.h, bits/typesizes.h}. .\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
|
|
msgid "// Layout according to the macOS man page for dir(5).\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Diseño según la página del manual de macOS de dir(5).\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"x86_64\""
|
|
msgstr "\"x86_64\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// See https://github.com/rust-lang/libc/issues/414 and the section on\n"
|
|
" // _DARWIN_FEATURE_64_BIT_INODE in the macOS man page for stat(2).\n"
|
|
" //\n"
|
|
" // \"Platforms that existed before these updates were available\" "
|
|
"refers\n"
|
|
" // to macOS (as opposed to iOS / wearOS / etc.) on Intel and "
|
|
"PowerPC.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// Consulta https://github.com/rust-lang/libc/issues/414 y la sección sobre\n"
|
|
" // _DARWIN_FEATURE_64_BIT_INODE en la página del manual de macOS de "
|
|
"stat(2).\n"
|
|
" //\n"
|
|
" // \" Las plataformas que existían antes de que estas actualizaciones "
|
|
"estuvieran disponibles\" hacen referencia\n"
|
|
" // a macOS (en lugar de iOS, WearOS, etc.) en Intel y PowerPC.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"readdir$INODE64\""
|
|
msgstr "\"readdir$INODE64\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// Call opendir and return a Ok value if that worked,\n"
|
|
" // otherwise return Err with a message.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// Llama a opendir y devuelve un valor Ok si ha funcionado,\n"
|
|
" // de lo contrario, devuelve Err con un mensaje.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md
|
|
msgid "// Keep calling readdir until we get a NULL pointer back.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Sigue llamando a readdir hasta se obtenga un puntero NULL.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
|
|
msgid "// Call closedir as needed.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Llama a closedir según sea necesario.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
|
|
msgid "\".\""
|
|
msgstr "\".\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/exercise.md src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"files: {:#?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"archivos: {:#?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"Invalid path: {err}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Ruta no válida: {err}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
|
|
msgid "// SAFETY: path.as_ptr() cannot be NULL.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// SEGURIDAD: path.as_ptr() no puede ser NULL.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"Could not open {:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"No se ha podido abrir {:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// Keep calling readdir until we get a NULL pointer back.\n"
|
|
" // SAFETY: self.dir is never NULL.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// Sigue llamando a readdir hasta que se obtenga un puntero NULL.\n"
|
|
" // SEGURIDAD: self.dir nunca es NULL.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
|
|
msgid "// We have reached the end of the directory.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Hemos llegado al final del directorio.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// SAFETY: dirent is not NULL and dirent.d_name is NUL\n"
|
|
" // terminated.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// SEGURIDAD: dirent no es NULL y dirent.d_name es NULL\n"
|
|
" // finalizado.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
|
|
msgid "// SAFETY: self.dir is not NULL.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// SEGURIDAD: self.dir no es NULL.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"Could not close {:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"No se ha podido cerrar {:?}.\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"no-such-directory\""
|
|
msgstr "\"no-such-directory\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"Non UTF-8 character in path\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Hay un carácter no codificado en UTF-8 en la ruta\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"..\""
|
|
msgstr "\"..\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"foo.txt\""
|
|
msgstr "\"foo.txt\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"The Foo Diaries\\n\""
|
|
msgstr "\"The Foo Diaries\\n\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"bar.png\""
|
|
msgstr "\"bar.png\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"<PNG>\\n\""
|
|
msgstr "\"<PNG>\\n\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"crab.rs\""
|
|
msgstr "\"crab.rs\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/unsafe-rust/solution.md
|
|
msgid "\"//! Crab\\n\""
|
|
msgstr "\"//! Crab\\n\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android.md
|
|
msgid "Welcome to Rust in Android"
|
|
msgstr "Te Damos la Bienvenida a Rust en Android"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust is supported for system software on Android. This means that you can "
|
|
"write new services, libraries, drivers or even firmware in Rust (or improve "
|
|
"existing code as needed)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust es compatible con el desarrollo de plataformas nativas en Android. Esto "
|
|
"significa que puedes escribir nuevos servicios del sistema operativo en "
|
|
"Rust, así como ampliar los que ya existen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"We will attempt to call Rust from one of your own projects today. So try to "
|
|
"find a little corner of your code base where we can move some lines of code "
|
|
"to Rust. The fewer dependencies and \"exotic\" types the better. Something "
|
|
"that parses some raw bytes would be ideal."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Hoy intentaremos llamar a Rust desde un proyecto personal. Intenta encontrar "
|
|
"una pequeña esquina de tu código base donde podamos mover algunas líneas de "
|
|
"código a Rust. Cuantas menos dependencias y tipos \"exóticos\" tenga, mejor. "
|
|
"Lo ideal sería algo que analizara bytes sin procesar."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The speaker may mention any of the following given the increased use of Rust "
|
|
"in Android:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El orador puede mencionar cualquiera de los siguientes aspectos, debido al "
|
|
"aumento del uso de Rust en Android:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Service example: [DNS over HTTP](https://security.googleblog.com/2022/07/dns-"
|
|
"over-http3-in-android.html)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ejemplo de servicio: [DNS over HTTP](https://security.googleblog.com/2022/07/"
|
|
"dns-over-http3-in-android.html)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Libraries: [Rutabaga Virtual Graphics Interface](https://crosvm.dev/book/"
|
|
"appendix/rutabaga_gfx.html)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Bibliotecas: [Rutabaga Virtual Graphics Interface](https://crosvm.dev/book/"
|
|
"appendix/rutabaga_gfx.html)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Kernel Drivers: [Binder](https://lore.kernel.org/rust-for-linux/20231101-"
|
|
"rust-binder-v1-0-08ba9197f637@google.com/)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Controladores de kernel: [Binder](https://lore.kernel.org/rust-for-"
|
|
"linux/20231101-rust-binder-v1-0-08ba9197f637@google.com/)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Firmware: [pKVM firmware](https://security.googleblog.com/2023/10/bare-metal-"
|
|
"rust-in-android.html)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Firmware: [firmware de pKVM](https://security.googleblog.com/2023/10/bare-"
|
|
"metal-rust-in-android.html)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/setup.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"We will be using a Cuttlefish Android Virtual Device to test our code. Make "
|
|
"sure you have access to one or create a new one with:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Utilizaremos un dispositivo Android virtual para probar el código. Asegúrate "
|
|
"de que tienes acceso a uno o créalo con:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/setup.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Please see the [Android Developer Codelab](https://source.android.com/docs/"
|
|
"setup/start) for details."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Consulta el [Codelab para desarrolladores de Android](https://source.android."
|
|
"com/docs/setup/start) para obtener más información."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/setup.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Cuttlefish is a reference Android device designed to work on generic Linux "
|
|
"desktops. MacOS support is also planned."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Cuttlefish es un dispositivo Android de referencia diseñado para funcionar "
|
|
"en ordenadores genéricos Linux. También tenemos previsto ofrecer "
|
|
"compatibilidad con MacOS."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/setup.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The Cuttlefish system image maintains high fidelity to real devices, and is "
|
|
"the ideal emulator to run many Rust use cases."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La imagen del sistema de Cuttlefish mantiene una alta fidelidad a los "
|
|
"dispositivos reales y es el emulador ideal para ejecutar muchos casos "
|
|
"prácticos de Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid "The Android build system (Soong) supports Rust via a number of modules:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El sistema de compilación de Android (Soong) es compatible con Rust a través "
|
|
"de una serie de módulos:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid "Module Type"
|
|
msgstr "Tipo de módulo"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid "Description"
|
|
msgstr "Descripción"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid "`rust_binary`"
|
|
msgstr "`rust_binary`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid "Produces a Rust binary."
|
|
msgstr "Produce un binario de Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid "`rust_library`"
|
|
msgstr "`rust_library`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid "Produces a Rust library, and provides both `rlib` and `dylib` variants."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Produce una biblioteca de Rust y proporciona las variantes `rlib` y `dylib`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid "`rust_ffi`"
|
|
msgstr "`rust_ffi`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Produces a Rust C library usable by `cc` modules, and provides both static "
|
|
"and shared variants."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Produce una biblioteca de Rust C que pueden usar los módulos `cc` y "
|
|
"proporciona variantes estáticas y compartidas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid "`rust_proc_macro`"
|
|
msgstr "`rust_proc_macro`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Produces a `proc-macro` Rust library. These are analogous to compiler "
|
|
"plugins."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Produce una biblioteca de Rust `proc-macro`. Son similares a complementos "
|
|
"del compilador."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid "`rust_test`"
|
|
msgstr "`rust_test`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid "Produces a Rust test binary that uses the standard Rust test harness."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Produce un binario de prueba de Rust que utiliza el agente de prueba "
|
|
"estándar de Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid "`rust_fuzz`"
|
|
msgstr "`rust_fuzz`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid "Produces a Rust fuzz binary leveraging `libfuzzer`."
|
|
msgstr "Produce un binario de fuzz de Rust que aprovecha `libfuzzer`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid "`rust_protobuf`"
|
|
msgstr "`rust_protobuf`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Generates source and produces a Rust library that provides an interface for "
|
|
"a particular protobuf."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Genera código fuente y produce una biblioteca Rust que proporciona una "
|
|
"interfaz para un protobuf en particular."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid "`rust_bindgen`"
|
|
msgstr "`rust_bindgen`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Generates source and produces a Rust library containing Rust bindings to C "
|
|
"libraries."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Genera código fuente y produce una biblioteca de Rust que contiene enlaces "
|
|
"de Rust a bibliotecas de C."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid "We will look at `rust_binary` and `rust_library` next."
|
|
msgstr "A continuación, hablaremos de `rust_binary` y `rust_library`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid "Additional items speaker may mention:"
|
|
msgstr "Otros elementos que puede mencionar el orador:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Cargo is not optimized for multi-language repos, and also downloads packages "
|
|
"from the internet."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Cargo no está optimizado para los repositorios en varios lenguajes y también "
|
|
"descarga paquetes de Internet."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"For compliance and performance, Android must have crates in-tree. It must "
|
|
"also interop with C/C++/Java code. Soong fills that gap."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Por razones de cumplimiento y rendimiento, Android debe tener crates en "
|
|
"estructura de árbol. También debe existir interoperabilidad con el código C, "
|
|
"C++ y Java. Soong cumple estos requisitos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Soong has many similarities to Bazel, which is the open-source variant of "
|
|
"Blaze (used in google3)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Soong tiene muchas similitudes con Bazel, que es la variante de código "
|
|
"abierto de Blaze (se utiliza en google3)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"There is a plan to transition [Android](https://source.android.com/docs/"
|
|
"setup/build/bazel/introduction), [ChromeOS](https://chromium.googlesource."
|
|
"com/chromiumos/bazel/), and [Fuchsia](https://source.android.com/docs/setup/"
|
|
"build/bazel/introduction) to Bazel."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Está previsto hacer la transición de [Android](https://source.android.com/"
|
|
"docs/setup/build/bazel/introduction), [ChromeOS](https://chromium."
|
|
"googlesource.com/chromiumos/bazel/) y [Fuchsia](https://source.android.com/"
|
|
"docs/setup/build/bazel/introduction) a Bazel."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid "Learning Bazel-like build rules is useful for all Rust OS developers."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Aprender reglas de compilación similares a Bazel es útil para todos los "
|
|
"desarrolladores del SO de Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid "Fun fact: Data from Star Trek is a Soong-type Android."
|
|
msgstr "Dato curioso: los datos de Star Trek son un Android de tipo Soong."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md
|
|
msgid "Rust Binaries"
|
|
msgstr "Binarios de Rust"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Let us start with a simple application. At the root of an AOSP checkout, "
|
|
"create the following files:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Empecemos con una sencilla aplicación. Desde la raíz de un AOSP revisado, "
|
|
"crea los siguientes archivos:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md src/android/build-rules/library.md
|
|
msgid "_hello_rust/Android.bp_:"
|
|
msgstr "_hello_rust/Android.bp_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md
|
|
msgid "\"hello_rust\""
|
|
msgstr "\"hello_rust\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md src/android/build-rules/library.md
|
|
#: src/android/logging.md
|
|
msgid "\"src/main.rs\""
|
|
msgstr "\"src/main.rs\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md src/android/build-rules/library.md
|
|
msgid "_hello_rust/src/main.rs_:"
|
|
msgstr "_hello_rust/src/main.rs_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md src/android/build-rules/library.md
|
|
msgid "//! Rust demo.\n"
|
|
msgstr "//! Demo de Rust.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md src/android/build-rules/library.md
|
|
msgid "/// Prints a greeting to standard output.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Imprime un saludo en una salida estándar.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid "\"Hello from Rust!\""
|
|
msgstr "\"¡Saludos de parte Rust!\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md
|
|
msgid "You can now build, push, and run the binary:"
|
|
msgstr "Ahora puedes compilar, insertar y ejecutar el binario:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/binary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```shell\n"
|
|
"m hello_rust\n"
|
|
"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/hello_rust\" /data/local/tmp\n"
|
|
"adb shell /data/local/tmp/hello_rust\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"```shell\n"
|
|
"m hello_rust\n"
|
|
"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/hello_rust\" /data/local/tmp\n"
|
|
"adb shell /data/local/tmp/hello_rust\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/library.md
|
|
msgid "Rust Libraries"
|
|
msgstr "Bibliotecas de Rust"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/library.md
|
|
msgid "You use `rust_library` to create a new Rust library for Android."
|
|
msgstr "Crea una biblioteca de Rust para Android con `rust_library`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/library.md
|
|
msgid "Here we declare a dependency on two libraries:"
|
|
msgstr "Aquí declaramos una dependencia en dos bibliotecas:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/library.md
|
|
msgid "`libgreeting`, which we define below,"
|
|
msgstr "`libgreeting`, que definimos más abajo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/library.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`libtextwrap`, which is a crate already vendored in [`external/rust/crates/`]"
|
|
"(https://cs.android.com/android/platform/superproject/+/master:external/rust/"
|
|
"crates/)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`libtextwrap`, que es un crate ya incluido en [`external/rust/crates/`]"
|
|
"(https://cs.android.com/android/platform/superproject/+/master:external/rust/"
|
|
"crates/)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/library.md
|
|
msgid "\"hello_rust_with_dep\""
|
|
msgstr "\"hello_rust_with_dep\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/library.md
|
|
msgid "\"libgreetings\""
|
|
msgstr "\"libgreetings\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/library.md
|
|
msgid "\"libtextwrap\""
|
|
msgstr "\"libtextwrap\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/library.md
|
|
msgid "// Need this to avoid dynamic link error.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Es necesario para evitar errores de enlace dinámico.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/library.md
|
|
msgid "\"greetings\""
|
|
msgstr "\"greetings\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/library.md src/android/aidl/implementation.md
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
|
|
msgid "\"src/lib.rs\""
|
|
msgstr "\"src/lib.rs\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/library.md
|
|
msgid "_hello_rust/src/lib.rs_:"
|
|
msgstr "_hello_rust/src/lib.rs_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/library.md
|
|
msgid "//! Greeting library.\n"
|
|
msgstr "//! Biblioteca de saludos.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/library.md
|
|
msgid "/// Greet `name`.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Saluda a `name`.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/library.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "\"Hello {name}, it is very nice to meet you!\""
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"```text\n"
|
|
"Hello Bob, it is very\n"
|
|
"nice to meet you!\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/library.md
|
|
msgid "You build, push, and run the binary like before:"
|
|
msgstr "Puedes compilar, insertar y ejecutar el binario como antes:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/build-rules/library.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```shell\n"
|
|
"m hello_rust_with_dep\n"
|
|
"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/hello_rust_with_dep\" /data/local/"
|
|
"tmp\n"
|
|
"adb shell /data/local/tmp/hello_rust_with_dep\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"```shell\n"
|
|
"m hello_rust_with_dep\n"
|
|
"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/hello_rust_with_dep\" /data/local/"
|
|
"tmp\n"
|
|
"adb shell /data/local/tmp/hello_rust_with_dep\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The [Android Interface Definition Language (AIDL)](https://developer.android."
|
|
"com/guide/components/aidl) is supported in Rust:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El [lenguaje de definición de la interfaz de Android (AIDL)](https://"
|
|
"developer.android.com/guide/components/aidl) es compatible con Rust:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl.md
|
|
msgid "Rust code can call existing AIDL servers,"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El código de Rust puede llamar a servidores AIDL que ya se hayan creado."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl.md
|
|
msgid "You can create new AIDL servers in Rust."
|
|
msgstr "Puedes crear servidores de AIDL en Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/interface.md
|
|
msgid "AIDL Interfaces"
|
|
msgstr "Interfaces de AIDL"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/interface.md
|
|
msgid "You declare the API of your service using an AIDL interface:"
|
|
msgstr "La API de tu servicio se declara mediante una interfaz de AIDL:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/interface.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"_birthday_service/aidl/com/example/birthdayservice/IBirthdayService.aidl_:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"_birthday_service/aidl/com/example/birthdayservice/IBirthdayService.aidl_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/interface.md src/android/aidl/changing.md
|
|
msgid "/** Birthday service interface. */"
|
|
msgstr "/** Birthday service interface. */"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/interface.md src/android/aidl/changing.md
|
|
msgid "/** Generate a Happy Birthday message. */"
|
|
msgstr "/** Generate a Happy Birthday message. */"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/interface.md
|
|
msgid "_birthday_service/aidl/Android.bp_:"
|
|
msgstr "_birthday_service/aidl/Android.bp_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/interface.md
|
|
msgid "\"com.example.birthdayservice\""
|
|
msgstr "\"com.example.birthdayservice\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/interface.md
|
|
msgid "\"com/example/birthdayservice/*.aidl\""
|
|
msgstr "\"com/example/birthdayservice/*.aidl\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/interface.md
|
|
msgid "// Rust is not enabled by default\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Rust no está habilitado de forma predeterminada\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/interface.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Add `vendor_available: true` if your AIDL file is used by a binary in the "
|
|
"vendor partition."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Añade `vendor_available: true` si un binario de la partición del proveedor "
|
|
"utiliza tu archivo de AIDL."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/implementation.md
|
|
msgid "Service Implementation"
|
|
msgstr "Implementación del servicio"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/implementation.md
|
|
msgid "We can now implement the AIDL service:"
|
|
msgstr "Ahora podemos implementar el servicio de AIDL:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/implementation.md
|
|
msgid "_birthday_service/src/lib.rs_:"
|
|
msgstr "_birthday_service/src/lib.rs_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/implementation.md
|
|
msgid "//! Implementation of the `IBirthdayService` AIDL interface.\n"
|
|
msgstr "//! Implementación de la interfaz de AIDL de `IBirthdayService`.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/implementation.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "/// The `IBirthdayService` implementation.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Implementación del método HelloWorld::hello.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/implementation.md
|
|
msgid "\"Happy Birthday {name}, congratulations with the {years} years!\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Feliz cumpleaños, {name}, te han caído {years} años\"."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/implementation.md src/android/aidl/server.md
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/client.md
|
|
msgid "_birthday_service/Android.bp_:"
|
|
msgstr "_birthday_service/Android.bp_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/implementation.md src/android/aidl/server.md
|
|
msgid "\"libbirthdayservice\""
|
|
msgstr "\"libbirthdayservice\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/implementation.md src/android/aidl/server.md
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/client.md
|
|
msgid "\"birthdayservice\""
|
|
msgstr "\"birthdayservice\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/implementation.md src/android/aidl/server.md
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/client.md
|
|
msgid "\"com.example.birthdayservice-rust\""
|
|
msgstr "\"com.example.birthdayservice-rust\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/implementation.md src/android/aidl/server.md
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/client.md
|
|
msgid "\"libbinder_rs\""
|
|
msgstr "\"libbinder_rs\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/server.md
|
|
msgid "AIDL Server"
|
|
msgstr "Servidor de AIDL"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/server.md
|
|
msgid "Finally, we can create a server which exposes the service:"
|
|
msgstr "Por último, podemos crear un servidor que exponga el servicio:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/server.md
|
|
msgid "_birthday_service/src/server.rs_:"
|
|
msgstr "_birthday_service/src/server.rs_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/server.md src/android/aidl/client.md
|
|
msgid "//! Birthday service.\n"
|
|
msgstr "//! Servicio de felicitación cumpleaños.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/server.md
|
|
msgid "/// Entry point for birthday service.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Punto de entrada del servicio de felicitación cumpleaños.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/server.md
|
|
msgid "\"Failed to register service\""
|
|
msgstr "\"No se ha podido registrar el servicio\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/server.md
|
|
msgid "\"birthday_server\""
|
|
msgstr "\"birthday_server\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/server.md
|
|
msgid "\"src/server.rs\""
|
|
msgstr "\"src/server.rs\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/server.md src/android/aidl/client.md
|
|
msgid "// To avoid dynamic link error.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Para evitar errores de enlaces dinámicos.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/deploy.md
|
|
msgid "We can now build, push, and start the service:"
|
|
msgstr "Ahora podemos crear, insertar e iniciar el servicio:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/deploy.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```shell\n"
|
|
"m birthday_server\n"
|
|
"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/birthday_server\" /data/local/"
|
|
"tmp\n"
|
|
"adb root\n"
|
|
"adb shell /data/local/tmp/birthday_server\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"```shell\n"
|
|
"m birthday_server\n"
|
|
"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/birthday_server\" /data/local/"
|
|
"tmp\n"
|
|
"adb root\n"
|
|
"adb shell /data/local/tmp/birthday_server\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/deploy.md
|
|
msgid "In another terminal, check that the service runs:"
|
|
msgstr "Comprueba que el servicio funciona en otra terminal:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/deploy.md
|
|
msgid "You can also call the service with `service call`:"
|
|
msgstr "También puedes llamar al servicio con `service call`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/client.md
|
|
msgid "AIDL Client"
|
|
msgstr "Cliente de AIDL"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/client.md
|
|
msgid "Finally, we can create a Rust client for our new service."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Por último, podemos crear un cliente de Rust para nuestro nuevo servicio."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/client.md
|
|
msgid "_birthday_service/src/client.rs_:"
|
|
msgstr "_birthday_service/src/client.rs_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/client.md
|
|
msgid "/// Connect to the BirthdayService.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Conecta con el servicio de felicitación de cumpleaños.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/client.md
|
|
msgid "/// Call the birthday service.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Llama al servicio de felicitación cumpleaños.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/client.md
|
|
msgid "\"Failed to connect to BirthdayService\""
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"\"No se ha podido conectar con el servicio de felicitación de cumpleaños.\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/client.md
|
|
msgid "\"{msg}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{msg}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/client.md
|
|
msgid "\"birthday_client\""
|
|
msgstr "\"birthday_client\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/client.md
|
|
msgid "\"src/client.rs\""
|
|
msgstr "\"src/client.rs\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/client.md
|
|
msgid "Notice that the client does not depend on `libbirthdayservice`."
|
|
msgstr "Ten en cuenta que el cliente no depende de `libbirthdayservice`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/client.md
|
|
msgid "Build, push, and run the client on your device:"
|
|
msgstr "Compila, inserta y ejecuta el cliente en tu dispositivo:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/client.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```shell\n"
|
|
"m birthday_client\n"
|
|
"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/birthday_client\" /data/local/"
|
|
"tmp\n"
|
|
"adb shell /data/local/tmp/birthday_client Charlie 60\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"```shell\n"
|
|
"m birthday_client\n"
|
|
"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/birthday_client\" /data/local/"
|
|
"tmp\n"
|
|
"adb shell /data/local/tmp/birthday_client Charlie 60\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/aidl/changing.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Let us extend the API with more functionality: we want to let clients "
|
|
"specify a list of lines for the birthday card:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ampliemos la API con más funciones. Queremos que los clientes puedan indicar "
|
|
"una lista de líneas para la tarjeta de cumpleaños:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/logging.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You should use the `log` crate to automatically log to `logcat` (on-device) "
|
|
"or `stdout` (on-host):"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Utiliza el crate `log` para que se registre automáticamente en `logcat` (en "
|
|
"el dispositivo) o `stdout` (en el host):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/logging.md
|
|
msgid "_hello_rust_logs/Android.bp_:"
|
|
msgstr "_hello_rust_logs/Android.bp_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/logging.md
|
|
msgid "\"hello_rust_logs\""
|
|
msgstr "\"hello_rust_logs\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/logging.md
|
|
msgid "\"liblog_rust\""
|
|
msgstr "\"liblog_rust\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/logging.md
|
|
msgid "\"liblogger\""
|
|
msgstr "\"liblogger\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/logging.md
|
|
msgid "_hello_rust_logs/src/main.rs_:"
|
|
msgstr "_hello_rust_logs/src/main.rs_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/logging.md
|
|
msgid "//! Rust logging demo.\n"
|
|
msgstr "//! Demo de registros de Rust.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/logging.md
|
|
msgid "/// Logs a greeting.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Registra un saludo.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/logging.md
|
|
msgid "\"rust\""
|
|
msgstr "\"rust\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/logging.md
|
|
msgid "\"Starting program.\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Iniciando programa.\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/logging.md
|
|
msgid "\"Things are going fine.\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Todo es correcto.\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/logging.md
|
|
msgid "\"Something went wrong!\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Se ha producido un error.\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/logging.md src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
|
|
msgid "Build, push, and run the binary on your device:"
|
|
msgstr "Compila, inserta y ejecuta el binario en tu dispositivo:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/logging.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```shell\n"
|
|
"m hello_rust_logs\n"
|
|
"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/hello_rust_logs\" /data/local/"
|
|
"tmp\n"
|
|
"adb shell /data/local/tmp/hello_rust_logs\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"```shell\n"
|
|
"m hello_rust_logs\n"
|
|
"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/hello_rust_logs\" /data/local/"
|
|
"tmp\n"
|
|
"adb shell /data/local/tmp/hello_rust_logs\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/logging.md
|
|
msgid "The logs show up in `adb logcat`:"
|
|
msgstr "Los registros se muestran en `adb logcat`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust has excellent support for interoperability with other languages. This "
|
|
"means that you can:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust admite sin problemas la interoperabilidad con otros lenguajes. Esto "
|
|
"significa que puedes hacer lo siguiente:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability.md
|
|
msgid "Call Rust functions from other languages."
|
|
msgstr "Llamar a funciones de Rust desde otros lenguajes."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability.md
|
|
msgid "Call functions written in other languages from Rust."
|
|
msgstr "Llamar a funciones escritas en otros lenguajes desde Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"When you call functions in a foreign language we say that you're using a "
|
|
"_foreign function interface_, also known as FFI."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Cuando llamas a funciones en otro lenguaje, se dice que estás usando una "
|
|
"_interfaz de función externa_, también denominada FFI."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md
|
|
msgid "Interoperability with C"
|
|
msgstr "Interoperabilidad con C"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust has full support for linking object files with a C calling convention. "
|
|
"Similarly, you can export Rust functions and call them from C."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust admite vincular archivos de objetos con una convención de llamada de C. "
|
|
"Del mismo modo, puedes exportar funciones de Rust y llamarlas desde C."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md
|
|
msgid "You can do it by hand if you want:"
|
|
msgstr "Si quieres, puedes hacerlo de forma manual:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md
|
|
msgid "\"{x}, {abs_x}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{x}, {abs_x}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"We already saw this in the [Safe FFI Wrapper exercise](../../exercises/day-3/"
|
|
"safe-ffi-wrapper.md)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ya lo hemos visto en el ejercicio [Envoltorio de FFI seguro](../../exercises/"
|
|
"day-3/safe-ffi-wrapper.md)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This assumes full knowledge of the target platform. Not recommended for "
|
|
"production."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Esto supone un conocimiento completo de la plataforma objetivo. No se "
|
|
"recomienda para producción."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c.md
|
|
msgid "We will look at better options next."
|
|
msgstr "A continuación, estudiaremos otras opciones mejores."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
|
|
msgid "Using Bindgen"
|
|
msgstr "Uso de Bindgen"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The [bindgen](https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-bindgen/introduction.html) "
|
|
"tool can auto-generate bindings from a C header file."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La herramienta [bindgen](https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-bindgen/"
|
|
"introduction.html) puede generar automáticamente enlaces desde un archivo de "
|
|
"encabezado de C."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
|
|
msgid "First create a small C library:"
|
|
msgstr "En primer lugar, crea una biblioteca de C pequeña:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
|
|
msgid "_interoperability/bindgen/libbirthday.h_:"
|
|
msgstr "_interoperability/bindgen/libbirthday.h_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
|
|
msgid "_interoperability/bindgen/libbirthday.c_:"
|
|
msgstr "_interoperability/bindgen/libbirthday.c_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
|
|
msgid "<stdio.h>"
|
|
msgstr "<stdio.h>"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
|
|
msgid "\"libbirthday.h\""
|
|
msgstr "\"libbirthday.h\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
|
|
msgid "\"+--------------\\n\""
|
|
msgstr "\"+--------------\\n\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
|
|
msgid "\"| Happy Birthday %s!\\n\""
|
|
msgstr "\"| ¡Feliz cumpleaños, %s!\\n\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
|
|
msgid "\"| Congratulations with the %i years!\\n\""
|
|
msgstr "\"| ¡Enhorabuena por cumplir %i años!\\n\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
|
|
msgid "Add this to your `Android.bp` file:"
|
|
msgstr "Añade lo siguiente a tu archivo `Android.bp`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
|
|
msgid "_interoperability/bindgen/Android.bp_:"
|
|
msgstr "_interoperability/bindgen/Android.bp_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
|
|
msgid "\"libbirthday\""
|
|
msgstr "\"libbirthday\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
|
|
msgid "\"libbirthday.c\""
|
|
msgstr "\"libbirthday.c\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Create a wrapper header file for the library (not strictly needed in this "
|
|
"example):"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Crea un archivo de encabezado de envoltorio para la biblioteca (no es "
|
|
"estrictamente necesario en este ejemplo):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
|
|
msgid "_interoperability/bindgen/libbirthday_wrapper.h_:"
|
|
msgstr "_interoperability/bindgen/libbirthday_wrapper.h_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
|
|
msgid "You can now auto-generate the bindings:"
|
|
msgstr "Ahora puedes generar automáticamente los enlaces:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
|
|
msgid "\"libbirthday_bindgen\""
|
|
msgstr "\"libbirthday_bindgen\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
|
|
msgid "\"birthday_bindgen\""
|
|
msgstr "\"birthday_bindgen\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
|
|
msgid "\"libbirthday_wrapper.h\""
|
|
msgstr "\"libbirthday_wrapper.h\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
|
|
msgid "\"bindings\""
|
|
msgstr "\"bindings\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
|
|
msgid "Finally, we can use the bindings in our Rust program:"
|
|
msgstr "Por último, podemos utilizar los enlaces de nuestro programa de Rust:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
|
|
msgid "\"print_birthday_card\""
|
|
msgstr "\"print_birthday_card\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
|
|
msgid "\"main.rs\""
|
|
msgstr "\"main.rs\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
|
|
msgid "_interoperability/bindgen/main.rs_:"
|
|
msgstr "_interoperability/bindgen/main.rs_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
|
|
msgid "//! Bindgen demo.\n"
|
|
msgstr "//! Demo de Bindgen.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
|
|
msgid "// SAFETY: `print_card` is safe to call with a valid `card` pointer.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// SEGURIDAD: es seguro llamar a `print_card` con un puntero `card` válido.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```shell\n"
|
|
"m print_birthday_card\n"
|
|
"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/print_birthday_card\" /data/local/"
|
|
"tmp\n"
|
|
"adb shell /data/local/tmp/print_birthday_card\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"```shell\n"
|
|
"m print_birthday_card\n"
|
|
"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/print_birthday_card\" /data/local/"
|
|
"tmp\n"
|
|
"adb shell /data/local/tmp/print_birthday_card\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
|
|
msgid "Finally, we can run auto-generated tests to ensure the bindings work:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Por último, podemos ejecutar pruebas generadas automáticamente para "
|
|
"comprobar que los enlaces funcionan:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
|
|
msgid "\"libbirthday_bindgen_test\""
|
|
msgstr "\"libbirthday_bindgen_test\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
|
|
msgid "\":libbirthday_bindgen\""
|
|
msgstr "\":libbirthday_bindgen\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
|
|
msgid "\"general-tests\""
|
|
msgstr "\"general-tests\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
|
|
msgid "\"none\""
|
|
msgstr "\"ninguno\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/bindgen.md
|
|
msgid "// Generated file, skip linting\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Archivo generado, se omite la ejecución de lint\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
|
|
msgid "Calling Rust"
|
|
msgstr "Llamar a Rust"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
|
|
msgid "Exporting Rust functions and types to C is easy:"
|
|
msgstr "Es fácil exportar las funciones y los tipos de Rust a C:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
|
|
msgid "_interoperability/rust/libanalyze/analyze.rs_"
|
|
msgstr "_interoperability/rust/libanalyze/analyze.rs_"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
|
|
msgid "//! Rust FFI demo.\n"
|
|
msgstr "//! Demo de FFI de Rust.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
|
|
msgid "/// Analyze the numbers.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Analiza los números.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
|
|
msgid "\"x ({x}) is smallest!\""
|
|
msgstr "\"¡x ({x}) es el menor!\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
|
|
msgid "\"y ({y}) is probably larger than x ({x})\""
|
|
msgstr "\"y ({y}) probablemente sea mayor que x ({x})\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
|
|
msgid "_interoperability/rust/libanalyze/analyze.h_"
|
|
msgstr "_interoperability/rust/libanalyze/analyze.h_"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
|
|
msgid "_interoperability/rust/libanalyze/Android.bp_"
|
|
msgstr "_interoperability/rust/libanalyze/Android.bp_"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
|
|
msgid "\"libanalyze_ffi\""
|
|
msgstr "\"libanalyze_ffi\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
|
|
msgid "\"analyze_ffi\""
|
|
msgstr "\"analyze_ffi\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
|
|
msgid "\"analyze.rs\""
|
|
msgstr "\"analyze.rs\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
|
|
msgid "We can now call this from a C binary:"
|
|
msgstr "Ahora podemos llamarlo desde un binario de C:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
|
|
msgid "_interoperability/rust/analyze/main.c_"
|
|
msgstr "_interoperability/rust/analyze/main.c_"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
|
|
msgid "\"analyze.h\""
|
|
msgstr "\"analyze.h\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
|
|
msgid "_interoperability/rust/analyze/Android.bp_"
|
|
msgstr "_interoperability/rust/analyze/Android.bp_"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
|
|
msgid "\"analyze_numbers\""
|
|
msgstr "\"analyze_numbers\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
|
|
msgid "\"main.c\""
|
|
msgstr "\"main.c\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```shell\n"
|
|
"m analyze_numbers\n"
|
|
"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/analyze_numbers\" /data/local/"
|
|
"tmp\n"
|
|
"adb shell /data/local/tmp/analyze_numbers\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"```shell\n"
|
|
"m analyze_numbers\n"
|
|
"adb push \"$ANDROID_PRODUCT_OUT/system/bin/analyze_numbers\" /data/local/"
|
|
"tmp\n"
|
|
"adb shell /data/local/tmp/analyze_numbers\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/with-c/rust.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`#[no_mangle]` disables Rust's usual name mangling, so the exported symbol "
|
|
"will just be the name of the function. You can also use `#[export_name = "
|
|
"\"some_name\"]` to specify whatever name you want."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"\"#\\[no_mangle\\]\" inhabilita la modificación de nombres habitual de Rust, "
|
|
"por lo que el símbolo exportado será el nombre de la función. También puedes "
|
|
"utilizar `#[export_name = \"some_name\"]` para especificar el nombre que "
|
|
"quieras."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The [CXX crate](https://cxx.rs/) makes it possible to do safe "
|
|
"interoperability between Rust and C++."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El [crate CXX](https://cxx.rs/) permite una interoperabilidad segura entre "
|
|
"Rust y C++."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp.md
|
|
msgid "The overall approach looks like this:"
|
|
msgstr "El enfoque general es el siguiente:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"CXX relies on a description of the function signatures that will be exposed "
|
|
"from each language to the other. You provide this description using extern "
|
|
"blocks in a Rust module annotated with the `#[cxx::bridge]` attribute macro."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"CXX se basa en una descripción de las firmas de la función que se mostrarán "
|
|
"de un lenguaje a otro. Proporcionas esta descripción mediante bloques "
|
|
"externos en un módulo de Rust anotado con la macro de atributo `#[cxx::"
|
|
"bridge]`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md
|
|
msgid "\"org::blobstore\""
|
|
msgstr "\"org::blobstore\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md
|
|
msgid "// Shared structs with fields visible to both languages.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Estructuras compartidas con campos visibles para ambos lenguajes.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/generated-cpp.md
|
|
msgid "// Rust types and signatures exposed to C++.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Tipos y firmas de Rust expuestos a C++.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/generated-cpp.md
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md
|
|
msgid "\"Rust\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Rust\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md
|
|
msgid "// C++ types and signatures exposed to Rust.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Tipos y firmas de C++ y expuestos a Rust.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-exception.md
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md
|
|
msgid "\"C++\""
|
|
msgstr "\"C++\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md
|
|
msgid "\"include/blobstore.h\""
|
|
msgstr "\"include/blobstore.h\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md
|
|
msgid "The bridge is generally declared in an `ffi` module within your crate."
|
|
msgstr "Bridge se declara generalmente en un módulo `ffi` dentro del crate."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"From the declarations made in the bridge module, CXX will generate matching "
|
|
"Rust and C++ type/function definitions in order to expose those items to "
|
|
"both languages."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"A partir de las declaraciones que se han hecho en el módulo bridge, CXX "
|
|
"generará definiciones de funciones o tipos de Rust y C++ que coincidan para "
|
|
"exponer esos elementos a ambos lenguajes."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"To view the generated Rust code, use [cargo-expand](https://github.com/"
|
|
"dtolnay/cargo-expand) to view the expanded proc macro. For most of the "
|
|
"examples you would use `cargo expand ::ffi` to expand just the `ffi` module "
|
|
"(though this doesn't apply for Android projects)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Para ver el código de Rust generado, usa [cargo-expand](https://github.com/"
|
|
"dtolnay/cargo-expand) para ver la macro de procedimiento desplegada. En la "
|
|
"mayoría de los ejemplos, se utilizaría `cargo expand ::ffi` para desplegar "
|
|
"únicamente el módulo `ffi` (aunque esta acción no se aplica a los proyectos "
|
|
"de Android)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/bridge.md
|
|
msgid "To view the generated C++ code, look in `target/cxxbridge`."
|
|
msgstr "Para ver el código C++ generado, consulta `target/cxxbridge`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md
|
|
msgid "Rust Bridge Declarations"
|
|
msgstr "Declaraciones Bridge en Rust"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md
|
|
msgid "// Opaque type\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Tipo opaco\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md
|
|
msgid "// Method on `MyType`\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Método en `MyType`\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "// Free function\n"
|
|
msgstr "Funciones"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Items declared in the `extern \"Rust\"` reference items that are in scope in "
|
|
"the parent module."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Elementos declarados en los elementos de referencia `extern de \"Rust\" que "
|
|
"se encuentran dentro del ámbito del módulo superior."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-bridge.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The CXX code generator uses your `extern \"Rust\"` section(s) to produce a C+"
|
|
"+ header file containing the corresponding C++ declarations. The generated "
|
|
"header has the same path as the Rust source file containing the bridge, "
|
|
"except with a .rs.h file extension."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El generador de código CXX utiliza las secciones `extern de \"Rust\"` para "
|
|
"generar un archivo de encabezado de C++ que contenga las declaraciones de C+"
|
|
"+ correspondientes. El encabezado generado tiene la misma ruta que el "
|
|
"archivo de origen de Rust que contiene el patrón bridge, excepto con la "
|
|
"extensión de archivo .rs.h."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/generated-cpp.md
|
|
msgid "Results in (roughly) the following C++:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los resultados son (aproximadamente) los que se muestran a continuación en C+"
|
|
"+:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md
|
|
msgid "C++ Bridge Declarations"
|
|
msgstr "Declaraciones Bridge en C++"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md
|
|
msgid "Results in (roughly) the following Rust:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los resultados son (aproximadamente) los que se muestran a continuación en "
|
|
"Rust:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md
|
|
msgid "\"org$blobstore$cxxbridge1$new_blobstore_client\""
|
|
msgstr "\"org$blobstore$cxxbridge1$new_blobstore_client\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md
|
|
msgid "\"org$blobstore$cxxbridge1$BlobstoreClient$put\""
|
|
msgstr "\"org$blobstore$cxxbridge1$BlobstoreClient$put\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The programmer does not need to promise that the signatures they have typed "
|
|
"in are accurate. CXX performs static assertions that the signatures exactly "
|
|
"correspond with what is declared in C++."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El programador no tiene que asegurar que las firmas que ha introducido son "
|
|
"precisas. CXX lleva a cabo aserciones estáticas en las que las firmas se "
|
|
"corresponden exactamente con lo que se declara en C++."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-bridge.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`unsafe extern` blocks allow you to declare C++ functions that are safe to "
|
|
"call from Rust."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los bloques `unsafe extern` permiten declarar funciones de C++ que se pueden "
|
|
"llamar de forma segura desde Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-types.md
|
|
msgid "// A=1, J=11, Q=12, K=13\n"
|
|
msgstr "// A=1, J=11, Q=12, K=13\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-types.md
|
|
msgid "Only C-like (unit) enums are supported."
|
|
msgstr "Solo se admiten enums tipo C (unidad)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-types.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A limited number of traits are supported for `#[derive()]` on shared types. "
|
|
"Corresponding functionality is also generated for the C++ code, e.g. if you "
|
|
"derive `Hash` also generates an implementation of `std::hash` for the "
|
|
"corresponding C++ type."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Un número limitado de traits es compatible con `#[derive()]` en los tipos "
|
|
"compartidos. La función correspondiente también se genera para el código C+"
|
|
"+; por ejemplo, si derivas `Hash`, también genera una implementación de "
|
|
"`std::hash` para el tipo de C++ correspondiente."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-enums.md
|
|
msgid "Generated Rust:"
|
|
msgstr "Rust generado:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-enums.md
|
|
msgid "Generated C++:"
|
|
msgstr "C++ generado:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/shared-enums.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"On the Rust side, the code generated for shared enums is actually a struct "
|
|
"wrapping a numeric value. This is because it is not UB in C++ for an enum "
|
|
"class to hold a value different from all of the listed variants, and our "
|
|
"Rust representation needs to have the same behavior."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En Rust, el código generado para las enums compartidas es en realidad una "
|
|
"estructura que envuelve un valor numérico. Esto se debe a que no es un "
|
|
"comportamiento indefinido en C++ para que una clase de enum contenga un "
|
|
"valor distinto de todas las variantes enumeradas y nuestra representación en "
|
|
"Rust debe tener el mismo comportamiento."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md
|
|
msgid "\"fallible1 requires depth > 0\""
|
|
msgstr "\"fallible1 requiere una profundidad > 0\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md
|
|
msgid "\"Success!\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Correcto.\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust functions that return `Result` are translated to exceptions on the C++ "
|
|
"side."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Las funciones de Rust que devuelven `Result` se convierten en excepciones en "
|
|
"C++."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The exception thrown will always be of type `rust::Error`, which primarily "
|
|
"exposes a way to get the error message string. The error message will come "
|
|
"from the error type's `Display` impl."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La excepción que se genera siempre será del tipo `rust::Error`, que muestra "
|
|
"principalmente una forma de obtener la cadena del mensaje de error. El "
|
|
"mensaje de error procede de la implementación `Display` del tipo de error."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/rust-result.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A panic unwinding from Rust to C++ will always cause the process to "
|
|
"immediately terminate."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si un pánico pasa de Rust a C++, el proceso siempre finalizará "
|
|
"inmediatamente."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-exception.md
|
|
msgid "\"example/include/example.h\""
|
|
msgstr "\"example/include/example.h\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-exception.md
|
|
msgid "\"Error: {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Error: {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-exception.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"C++ functions declared to return a `Result` will catch any thrown exception "
|
|
"on the C++ side and return it as an `Err` value to the calling Rust function."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Las funciones de C++ declaradas para devolver un `Result` detectarán "
|
|
"cualquier excepción en C++ y la devolverán como un valor `Err` a la función "
|
|
"de llamada de Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/cpp-exception.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If an exception is thrown from an extern \"C++\" function that is not "
|
|
"declared by the CXX bridge to return `Result`, the program calls C++'s `std::"
|
|
"terminate`. The behavior is equivalent to the same exception being thrown "
|
|
"through a `noexcept` C++ function."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si se produce una excepción desde una función externa de \"C++\" no "
|
|
"declarada por el bridge de CXX para devolver `Result`, el programa llamará a "
|
|
"`std::terminate` de C++. El comportamiento equivale a la misma excepción que "
|
|
"se genera mediante una función `noexcept`de C++."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Rust Type"
|
|
msgstr "Rust by Example"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "C++ Type"
|
|
msgstr "Ejemplo en C++"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "`rust::String`"
|
|
msgstr "`std::string`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
|
|
msgid "`&str`"
|
|
msgstr "`&str`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
|
|
msgid "`rust::Str`"
|
|
msgstr "`rust::Str`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
|
|
msgid "`CxxString`"
|
|
msgstr "CxxString"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
|
|
msgid "`std::string`"
|
|
msgstr "`std::string`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
|
|
msgid "`&[T]`/`&mut [T]`"
|
|
msgstr "`&[T]`/`&mut [T]`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
|
|
msgid "`rust::Slice`"
|
|
msgstr "`rust::Slice`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
|
|
msgid "`rust::Box<T>`"
|
|
msgstr "`rust::Box<T>`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
|
|
msgid "`UniquePtr<T>`"
|
|
msgstr "`UniquePtr<T>`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
|
|
msgid "`std::unique_ptr<T>`"
|
|
msgstr "`std::unique_ptr<T>`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
|
|
msgid "`Vec<T>`"
|
|
msgstr "`Vec<T>`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
|
|
msgid "`rust::Vec<T>`"
|
|
msgstr "`rust::Vec<T>`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
|
|
msgid "`CxxVector<T>`"
|
|
msgstr "`CxxVector<T>`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
|
|
msgid "`std::vector<T>`"
|
|
msgstr "`std::vector<T>`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"These types can be used in the fields of shared structs and the arguments "
|
|
"and returns of extern functions."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Estos tipos se pueden utilizar en los campos de estructura compartidas y en "
|
|
"los argumentos e instrucciones de retorno de las funciones externas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Note that Rust's `String` does not map directly to `std::string`. There are "
|
|
"a few reasons for this:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ten en cuenta que `String` de Rust no se cruza directamente con `std::"
|
|
"string`. Puede haber varios motivos:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`std::string` does not uphold the UTF-8 invariant that `String` requires."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`std::string` no mantiene la invariante de UTF-8 que requiere `String`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The two types have different layouts in memory and so can't be passed "
|
|
"directly between languages."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los dos tipos tienen diseños diferentes en la memoria y, por lo tanto, no se "
|
|
"pueden transferir directamente entre lenguajes."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/type-mapping.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`std::string` requires move constructors that don't match Rust's move "
|
|
"semantics, so a `std::string` can't be passed by value to Rust."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`std::string` requiere constructores de movimiento que no coincidan con la "
|
|
"semántica de movimiento de Rust, por lo que `std::string` no se puede "
|
|
"transferir a Rust mediante un valor."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-rust.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Building in Android"
|
|
msgstr "Rust en Android"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Create a `cc_library_static` to build the C++ library, including the CXX "
|
|
"generated header and source file."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Crea un `cc_library_static` para compilar la biblioteca de C++, incluidos el "
|
|
"encabezado y el archivo de origen generados por CXX."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-rust.md
|
|
msgid "\"libcxx_test_cpp\""
|
|
msgstr "\"libcxx_test_cpp\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md
|
|
msgid "\"cxx_test.cpp\""
|
|
msgstr "\"cxx_test.cpp\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md
|
|
msgid "\"cxx-bridge-header\""
|
|
msgstr "\"cxx-bridge-header\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md
|
|
msgid "\"libcxx_test_bridge_header\""
|
|
msgstr "\"libcxx_test_bridge_header\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md
|
|
msgid "\"libcxx_test_bridge_code\""
|
|
msgstr "\"libcxx_test_bridge_code\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Point out that `libcxx_test_bridge_header` and `libcxx_test_bridge_code` are "
|
|
"the dependencies for the CXX-generated C++ bindings. We'll show how these "
|
|
"are setup on the next slide."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Señala que `libcxx_test_bridge_header` y `libcxx_test_bridge_code` son las "
|
|
"dependencias de los enlaces de C++ generados por CXX. En la siguiente "
|
|
"diapositiva veremos cómo se configuran."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Note that you also need to depend on the `cxx-bridge-header` library in "
|
|
"order to pull in common CXX definitions."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ten en cuenta que también debes depender de la biblioteca `cxx-bridge-"
|
|
"header` para obtener definiciones de CXX habituales."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-cpp.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Full docs for using CXX in Android can be found in [the Android docs]"
|
|
"(https://source.android.com/docs/setup/build/rust/building-rust-modules/"
|
|
"android-rust-patterns#rust-cpp-interop-using-cxx). You may want to share "
|
|
"that link with the class so that students know where they can find these "
|
|
"instructions again in the future."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los documentos completos sobre el uso de CXX en Android se pueden encontrar "
|
|
"en [los documentos de Android](https://source.android.com/docs/setup/build/"
|
|
"rust/building-rust-modules/android-rust-patterns#rust-cpp-interop-using-"
|
|
"cxx). Puedes compartir ese enlace con la clase para que los participantes "
|
|
"sepan dónde pueden buscar estas instrucciones de ahora en adelante."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Create two genrules: One to generate the CXX header, and one to generate the "
|
|
"CXX source file. These are then used as inputs to the `cc_library_static`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Crea dos genrule, una para generar el encabezado de CXX y otra para generar "
|
|
"el archivo de origen de CXX. Luego se usarán como entradas a "
|
|
"`cc_library_static`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// Generate a C++ header containing the C++ bindings\n"
|
|
"// to the Rust exported functions in lib.rs.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// Genera un encabezado de C++ que contenga los enlaces de C++\n"
|
|
"// a las funciones exportadas de Rust en lib.rs.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md
|
|
msgid "\"cxxbridge\""
|
|
msgstr "\"cxxbridge\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md
|
|
msgid "\"$(location cxxbridge) $(in) --header > $(out)\""
|
|
msgstr "\"$(location cxxbridge) $(in) --header > $(out)\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-rust.md
|
|
msgid "\"lib.rs\""
|
|
msgstr "\"lib.rs\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md
|
|
msgid "\"lib.rs.h\""
|
|
msgstr "\"lib.rs.h\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md
|
|
msgid "// Generate the C++ code that Rust calls into.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Genera el código C++ al que llama Rust.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md
|
|
msgid "\"$(location cxxbridge) $(in) > $(out)\""
|
|
msgstr "\"$(location cxxbridge) $(in) > $(out)\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md
|
|
msgid "\"lib.rs.cc\""
|
|
msgstr "\"lib.rs.cc\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `cxxbridge` tool is a standalone tool that generates the C++ side of the "
|
|
"bridge module. It is included in Android and available as a Soong tool."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La herramienta `cxxbridge` es una herramienta independiente que genera el "
|
|
"lado C++ del módulo de bridge. Se incluye en Android y está disponible como "
|
|
"herramienta de Soong."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-cpp-genrules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"By convention, if your Rust source file is `lib.rs` your header file will be "
|
|
"named `lib.rs.h` and your source file will be named `lib.rs.cc`. This naming "
|
|
"convention isn't enforced, though."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Por convención, si el archivo de origen de Rust es `lib.rs`, el archivo de "
|
|
"encabezado se llamará `lib.rs.h` y el archivo de origen, `lib.rs.cc`. Sin "
|
|
"embargo, esta convención en cuanto a la nomenclatura no es obligatoria."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-rust.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Create a `rust_binary` that depends on `libcxx` and your `cc_library_static`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Crea un `rust_binary` que dependa de `libcxx` y de tu `cc_library_static`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-rust.md
|
|
msgid "\"cxx_test\""
|
|
msgstr "\"cxx_test\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/cpp/android-build-rust.md
|
|
msgid "\"libcxx\""
|
|
msgstr "\"libcxx\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
|
|
msgid "Interoperability with Java"
|
|
msgstr "Interoperabilidad con Java"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Java can load shared objects via [Java Native Interface (JNI)](https://en."
|
|
"wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Native_Interface). The [`jni` crate](https://docs.rs/"
|
|
"jni/) allows you to create a compatible library."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Java puede cargar objetos compartidos a través de la [interfaz nativa de "
|
|
"Java (JNI)](https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Java_Native_Interface). [El crate "
|
|
"`jni`](https://docs.rs/jni/) permite crear una biblioteca compatible."
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
|
|
msgid "First, we create a Rust function to export to Java:"
|
|
msgstr "En primer lugar, creamos una función de Rust para exportar a Java:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
|
|
msgid "_interoperability/java/src/lib.rs_:"
|
|
msgstr "_interoperability/java/src/lib.rs_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
|
|
msgid "//! Rust <-> Java FFI demo.\n"
|
|
msgstr "//! Rust <-> Demo de FFI de Java.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
|
|
msgid "/// HelloWorld::hello method implementation.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Implementación del método HelloWorld::hello.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
|
|
msgid "\"system\""
|
|
msgstr "\"system\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
|
|
msgid "\"Hello, {input}!\""
|
|
msgstr "\"¡Hola, {input}!\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
|
|
msgid "_interoperability/java/Android.bp_:"
|
|
msgstr "_interoperability/java/Android.bp_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
|
|
msgid "\"libhello_jni\""
|
|
msgstr "\"libhello_jni\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
|
|
msgid "\"hello_jni\""
|
|
msgstr "\"hello_jni\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
|
|
msgid "\"libjni\""
|
|
msgstr "\"libjni\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "We then call this function from Java:"
|
|
msgstr "Por último, podemos llamar a esta función desde Java:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
|
|
msgid "_interoperability/java/HelloWorld.java_:"
|
|
msgstr "_interoperability/java/HelloWorld.java_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
|
|
msgid "\"helloworld_jni\""
|
|
msgstr "\"helloworld_jni\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
|
|
msgid "\"HelloWorld.java\""
|
|
msgstr "\"HelloWorld.java\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
|
|
msgid "\"HelloWorld\""
|
|
msgstr "\"HelloWorld\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/android/interoperability/java.md
|
|
msgid "Finally, you can build, sync, and run the binary:"
|
|
msgstr "Ahora puedes compilar, sincronizar y ejecutar el binario:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/android/morning.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This is a group exercise: We will look at one of the projects you work with "
|
|
"and try to integrate some Rust into it. Some suggestions:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Este es un ejercicio de grupo: escogeremos uno de los proyectos con los que "
|
|
"se esté trabajando e intentaremos integrar Rust en él. Algunas sugerencias:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/android/morning.md
|
|
msgid "Call your AIDL service with a client written in Rust."
|
|
msgstr "Llama a tu servicio de AIDL con un cliente escrito en Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/android/morning.md
|
|
msgid "Move a function from your project to Rust and call it."
|
|
msgstr "Mueve una función desde tu proyecto a Rust y llámala."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/android/morning.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"No solution is provided here since this is open-ended: it relies on someone "
|
|
"in the class having a piece of code which you can turn in to Rust on the fly."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Aquí la solución es abierta, ya que depende de que alguno de los asistentes "
|
|
"tenga un fragmento de código que se pueda convertir en Rust sobre la marcha."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium.md
|
|
msgid "Welcome to Rust in Chromium"
|
|
msgstr "Te Damos la Bienvenida a Rust en Chromium"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust is supported for third-party libraries in Chromium, with first-party "
|
|
"glue code to connect between Rust and existing Chromium C++ code."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust es compatible con bibliotecas de terceros en Chromium, con código "
|
|
"pegamento propio para conectar Rust y el código de C++ de Chromium ya "
|
|
"existente."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Today, we'll call into Rust to do something silly with strings. If you've "
|
|
"got a corner of the code where you're displaying a UTF8 string to the user, "
|
|
"feel free to follow this recipe in your part of the codebase instead of the "
|
|
"exact part we talk about."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Hoy vamos a llamar a Rust para que haga algo divertido con las cadenas. Si "
|
|
"tienes una esquina del código donde se muestra una cadena UTF8 al usuario, "
|
|
"no dudes en seguir estas instrucciones en tu parte del código base en lugar "
|
|
"de la parte exacta de la que hablamos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/setup.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Make sure you can build and run Chromium. Any platform and set of build "
|
|
"flags is OK, so long as your code is relatively recent (commit position "
|
|
"1223636 onwards, corresponding to November 2023):"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Asegúrate de que puedes compilar y ejecutar Chromium. Cualquier plataforma y "
|
|
"conjunto de marcas de compilación es apto, siempre que tu código sea "
|
|
"relativamente reciente (posición de commit 1223636 en adelante, "
|
|
"correspondiente a noviembre del 2023):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/setup.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"(A component, debug build is recommended for quickest iteration time. This "
|
|
"is the default!)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"(Se recomienda una versión de depuración de componentes para que el tiempo "
|
|
"de iteración sea más rápido. Esta es la opción predeterminada)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/setup.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"See [How to build Chromium](https://www.chromium.org/developers/how-tos/get-"
|
|
"the-code/) if you aren't already at that point. Be warned: setting up to "
|
|
"build Chromium takes time."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Consulta [cómo compilar Chromium](https://www.chromium.org/developers/how-"
|
|
"tos/get-the-code/) si aún no lo has hecho. Advertencia: el proceso de "
|
|
"configuración para compilar Chromium puede tardar."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/setup.md
|
|
msgid "It's also recommended that you have Visual Studio code installed."
|
|
msgstr "Se recomienda que tengas instalado Visual Studio Code."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/setup.md
|
|
msgid "About the exercises"
|
|
msgstr "Información sobre los ejercicios"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/setup.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This part of the course has a series of exercises which build on each other. "
|
|
"We'll be doing them spread throughout the course instead of just at the end. "
|
|
"If you don't have time to complete a certain part, don't worry: you can "
|
|
"catch up in the next slot."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Esta parte del curso consta de una serie de ejercicios que se complementan "
|
|
"entre sí. Las iremos repartiendo a lo largo del curso en lugar de hacerlos "
|
|
"todo al final. Si no tienes tiempo para completar una parte concreta, no te "
|
|
"preocupes, podrás ponerte al día en la siguiente clase."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/cargo.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust community typically uses `cargo` and libraries from [crates.io](https://"
|
|
"crates.io/). Chromium is built using `gn` and `ninja` and a curated set of "
|
|
"dependencies."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La comunidad de Rust suele usar `cargo` y bibliotecas de [crates.io](https://"
|
|
"crates.io/). Chromium se compila usando `gn` y `ninja`, además de un "
|
|
"conjunto seleccionado de dependencias."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/cargo.md
|
|
msgid "When writing code in Rust, your choices are:"
|
|
msgstr "A la hora de escribir código en Rust, hay disponibles varias opciones:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/cargo.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Use `gn` and `ninja` with the help of the templates from `//build/rust/*."
|
|
"gni` (e.g. `rust_static_library` that we'll meet later). This uses "
|
|
"Chromium's audited toolchain and crates."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Usar `gn` y `ninja` con la ayuda de las plantillas de `//build/rust/*.gni` "
|
|
"(por ejemplo, `rust_static_library`, que veremos más adelante). Se usan la "
|
|
"cadena de herramientas y los crates auditados de Chromium."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/cargo.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Use `cargo`, but [restrict yourself to Chromium's audited toolchain and "
|
|
"crates](https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/refs/heads/main/"
|
|
"docs/rust.md#Using-cargo)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Usar `cargo`, pero [restringiendo el uso de la cadena de herramientas y los "
|
|
"crates auditados de Chromium](https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/"
|
|
"+/refs/heads/main/docs/rust.md#Using-cargo)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/cargo.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Use `cargo`, trusting a [toolchain](https://rustup.rs/) and/or [crates "
|
|
"downloaded from the internet](https://crates.io/)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Usa `cargo` con una [cadena de herramientas](https://rustup.rs/) o [crates "
|
|
"descargados de Internet](https://crates.io/)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/cargo.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"From here on we'll be focusing on `gn` and `ninja`, because this is how Rust "
|
|
"code can be built into the Chromium browser. At the same time, Cargo is an "
|
|
"important part of the Rust ecosystem and you should keep it in your toolbox."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"A partir de ahora, nos centraremos en `gn` y `ninja`, ya que así es como se "
|
|
"puede compilar el código de Rust en el navegador Chromium. De igual forma, "
|
|
"Cargo es una parte importante del ecosistema de Rust y deberías conservarlo "
|
|
"en tu caja de herramientas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/cargo.md
|
|
msgid "Mini exercise"
|
|
msgstr "Ejercicio rápido"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/cargo.md
|
|
msgid "Split into small groups and:"
|
|
msgstr "Formad grupos pequeños para:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/cargo.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Brainstorm scenarios where `cargo` may offer an advantage and assess the "
|
|
"risk profile of these scenarios."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Hacer una lluvia de ideas sobre situaciones en las que `cargo` pueda ofrecer "
|
|
"ventajas y evaluar el perfil de riesgo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/cargo.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Discuss which tools, libraries, and groups of people need to be trusted when "
|
|
"using `gn` and `ninja`, offline `cargo`, etc."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Debatir en qué herramientas, bibliotecas y grupos de personas hay que "
|
|
"confiar al usar `gn` y `ninja`, `cargo` offline, etc."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/cargo.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Ask students to avoid peeking at the speaker notes before completing the "
|
|
"exercise. Assuming folks taking the course are physically together, ask them "
|
|
"to discuss in small groups of 3-4 people."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Pide a los participantes que eviten mirar las notas del orador antes de "
|
|
"completar el ejercicio. Suponiendo que todas las personas que hacen el curso "
|
|
"están en la misma sala, pídeles que hablen en grupos pequeños de 3 a 4 "
|
|
"personas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/cargo.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Notes/hints related to the first part of the exercise (\"scenarios where "
|
|
"Cargo may offer an advantage\"):"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Notas y sugerencias relacionadas con la primera parte del ejercicio "
|
|
"(\"situaciones en las que Cargo puede ofrecer ventajas\"):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/cargo.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"It's fantastic that when writing a tool, or prototyping a part of Chromium, "
|
|
"one has access to the rich ecosystem of crates.io libraries. There is a "
|
|
"crate for almost anything and they are usually quite pleasant to use. "
|
|
"(`clap` for command-line parsing, `serde` for serializing/deserializing to/"
|
|
"from various formats, `itertools` for working with iterators, etc.)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Es genial que al escribir una herramienta o crear prototipos de una parte de "
|
|
"Chromium se pueda acceder al extenso ecosistema de bibliotecas crates.io. "
|
|
"Hay un crate para casi cualquier cosa y suelen ser muy fáciles de usar "
|
|
"(`clap` para el análisis de la línea de comandos, `serde` para la "
|
|
"serialización y deserialización a/desde varios formatos, `itertools` para "
|
|
"trabajar con iteradores, etc.)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/cargo.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`cargo` makes it easy to try a library (just add a single line to `Cargo."
|
|
"toml` and start writing code)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`cargo` permite probar una biblioteca fácilmente (solo hay que añadir una "
|
|
"línea a `Cargo.toml` y empezar a escribir el código)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/cargo.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"It may be worth comparing how CPAN helped make `perl` a popular choice. Or "
|
|
"comparing with `python` + `pip`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Merece la pena comparar cómo la CPAN ayudó a que `perl` fuera una opción "
|
|
"popular o compararlo con `python` + `pip`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/cargo.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Development experience is made really nice not only by core Rust tools (e.g. "
|
|
"using `rustup` to switch to a different `rustc` version when testing a crate "
|
|
"that needs to work on nightly, current stable, and older stable) but also by "
|
|
"an ecosystem of third-party tools (e.g. Mozilla provides `cargo vet` for "
|
|
"streamlining and sharing security audits; `criterion` crate gives a "
|
|
"streamlined way to run benchmarks)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La experiencia de desarrollo no solo es agradable gracias a las herramientas "
|
|
"principales de Rust (por ejemplo, al usar `rustup` para cambiar a una "
|
|
"versión diferente de `rustc` cuando se prueba un crate que necesita "
|
|
"funcionar en nightly, stable actual y antiguas versiones de stable), sino "
|
|
"también a un ecosistema de herramientas de terceros (por ejemplo, Mozilla "
|
|
"proporciona `cargo vet` para optimizar y compartir auditorías de seguridad; "
|
|
"el crate `criterion` ofrece un método optimizado para ejecutar comparativas)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/cargo.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`cargo` makes it easy to add a tool via `cargo install --locked cargo-vet`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`cargo` permite añadir fácilmente una herramienta mediante `cargoinstall --"
|
|
"locked cargo-vet`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/cargo.md
|
|
msgid "It may be worth comparing with Chrome Extensions or VScode extensions."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Merece la pena compararlo con las extensiones de Chrome o con las de VScode."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/cargo.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Broad, generic examples of projects where `cargo` may be the right choice:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ejemplos generales y genéricos de proyectos en los que `cargo` puede ser la "
|
|
"opción más adecuada:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/cargo.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Perhaps surprisingly, Rust is becoming increasingly popular in the industry "
|
|
"for writing command line tools. The breadth and ergonomics of libraries is "
|
|
"comparable to Python, while being more robust (thanks to the rich "
|
|
"typesystem) and running faster (as a compiled, rather than interpreted "
|
|
"language)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Sorprendentemente, Rust se está volviendo cada vez más popular en el sector "
|
|
"por su función de escritura de herramientas de línea de comandos. La "
|
|
"amplitud y la ergonomía de las bibliotecas son similares a las de Python, "
|
|
"pero son más sólidas (gracias al sistema de tipos enriquecido) y funcionan "
|
|
"más rápido (como lenguaje compilado en lugar de interpretado)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/cargo.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Participating in the Rust ecosystem requires using standard Rust tools like "
|
|
"Cargo. Libraries that want to get external contributions, and want to be "
|
|
"used outside of Chromium (e.g. in Bazel or Android/Soong build environments) "
|
|
"should probably use Cargo."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Para participar en el ecosistema de Rust, es necesario usar herramientas "
|
|
"estándar de Rust, como Cargo. Las bibliotecas que quieran recibir "
|
|
"contribuciones externas y actuar fuera de Chromium (por ejemplo, en entornos "
|
|
"de desarrollo de Bazel o Android/Soong) deberían utilizar Cargo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/cargo.md
|
|
msgid "Examples of Chromium-related projects that are `cargo`\\-based:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ejemplos de proyectos relacionados con Chromium que se basan en `cargo`\\:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/cargo.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`serde_json_lenient` (experimented with in other parts of Google which "
|
|
"resulted in PRs with performance improvements)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`serde_json_lenient` (experimentado en otras partes de Google que ha dado "
|
|
"lugar a PRs con mejoras de rendimiento)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/cargo.md
|
|
msgid "Fontations libraries like `font-types`"
|
|
msgstr "Bibliotecas de fuentes, como `font-types`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/cargo.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`gnrt` tool (we will meet it later in the course) which depends on `clap` "
|
|
"for command-line parsing and on `toml` for configuration files."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La herramienta `gnrt` (la veremos más adelante en el curso), que depende de "
|
|
"`clap` para el análisis de la línea de comandos y de `toml` para los "
|
|
"archivos de configuración."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/cargo.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Disclaimer: a unique reason for using `cargo` was unavailability of `gn` "
|
|
"when building and bootstrapping Rust standard library when building Rust "
|
|
"toolchain.)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Aclaración: una razón principal para usar `cargo` es que `gn` no está "
|
|
"disponible al compilar e iniciar la biblioteca estándar de Rust cuando se "
|
|
"compila su cadena de herramientas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/cargo.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`run_gnrt.py` uses Chromium's copy of `cargo` and `rustc`. `gnrt` depends on "
|
|
"third-party libraries downloaded from the internet, by `run_gnrt.py` asks "
|
|
"`cargo` that only `--locked` content is allowed via `Cargo.lock`.)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`run_gnrt.py` usa la copia de Chromium de `cargo` y `rustc`. `gnrt` depende "
|
|
"de las bibliotecas de terceros descargadas de Internet. `run_gnrt.py` pide a "
|
|
"`cargo` que solo se permita el contenido `--locked` a través de `Cargo.lock`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/cargo.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Students may identify the following items as being implicitly or explicitly "
|
|
"trusted:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los participantes pueden tratar de identificar si los siguientes elementos "
|
|
"son de confianza implícita o explícita:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/cargo.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`rustc` (the Rust compiler) which in turn depends on the LLVM libraries, the "
|
|
"Clang compiler, the `rustc` sources (fetched from GitHub, reviewed by Rust "
|
|
"compiler team), binary Rust compiler downloaded for bootstrapping"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`rustc` (el compilador de Rust), que a su vez depende de las bibliotecas "
|
|
"LLVM, el compilador Clang, las fuentes `rustc` (obtenidas de GitHub y "
|
|
"revisadas por el equipo de compilación de Rust), y el compilador binario de "
|
|
"Rust descargado para el bootstrapping."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/cargo.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`rustup` (it may be worth pointing out that `rustup` is developed under the "
|
|
"umbrella of the https://github.com/rust-lang/ organization - same as `rustc`)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`rustup` (merece la pena destacar que `rustup` se desarrolla en la misma "
|
|
"organización que `rustc`, https://github.com/rust-lang/)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/cargo.md
|
|
msgid "`cargo`, `rustfmt`, etc."
|
|
msgstr "`cargo`, `rustfmt`, etc."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/cargo.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Various internal infrastructure (bots that build `rustc`, system for "
|
|
"distributing the prebuilt toolchain to Chromium engineers, etc.)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Varias infraestructuras internas (bots que compilan `rustc`, sistemas para "
|
|
"distribuir la cadena de herramientas precompiladas a los ingenieros de "
|
|
"Chromium, etc.)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/cargo.md
|
|
msgid "Cargo tools like `cargo audit`, `cargo vet`, etc."
|
|
msgstr "Herramientas de Cargo, como `cargo audit`, `cargo vet`, etc."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/cargo.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust libraries vendored into `//third_party/rust` (audited by "
|
|
"security@chromium.org)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Bibliotecas de Rust incluidas en `//third_party/rust` (auditoría de "
|
|
"security@chromium.org)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/cargo.md
|
|
msgid "Other Rust libraries (some niche, some quite popular and commonly used)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Otras bibliotecas de Rust (algunas de nicho, otras bastante populares y de "
|
|
"uso común)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/policy.md
|
|
msgid "Chromium Rust policy"
|
|
msgstr "Política de Chromium Rust"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/policy.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Chromium does not yet allow first-party Rust except in rare cases as "
|
|
"approved by Chromium's [Area Tech Leads](https://source.chromium.org/"
|
|
"chromium/chromium/src/+/main:ATL_OWNERS)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Chromium aún no permite usar Rust propio, excepto en casos excepcionales, "
|
|
"según lo aprobado por [Area Tech Leads](https://source.chromium.org/chromium/"
|
|
"chromium/src/+/main:ATL_OWNERS)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/policy.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Chromium's policy on third party libraries is outlined [here](https://"
|
|
"chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/main/docs/adding_to_third_party."
|
|
"md#rust) - Rust is allowed for third party libraries under various "
|
|
"circumstances, including if they're the best option for performance or for "
|
|
"security."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La política de Chromium sobre bibliotecas de terceros se describe [aquí]"
|
|
"(https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/main/docs/"
|
|
"adding_to_third_party.md#rust). Se permite el uso de Rust para bibliotecas "
|
|
"de terceros en algunos casos, incluido si son la mejor opción en cuanto al "
|
|
"rendimiento o seguridad."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/policy.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Very few Rust libraries directly expose a C/C++ API, so that means that "
|
|
"nearly all such libraries will require a small amount of first-party glue "
|
|
"code."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Muy pocas bibliotecas de Rust exponen directamente una API de C o C++, por "
|
|
"lo que casi todas estas bibliotecas necesitarán una pequeña parte de código "
|
|
"pegamento propio."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/policy.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```bob\n"
|
|
"\"C++\" Rust\n"
|
|
".- - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - "
|
|
"-.\n"
|
|
": : : :\n"
|
|
": Existing Chromium : : Chromium Rust Existing "
|
|
"Rust :\n"
|
|
": \"C++\" : : \"wrapper\" "
|
|
"crate :\n"
|
|
": +---------------+ : : +----------------+ +-------------"
|
|
"+ :\n"
|
|
": | | : : | | | "
|
|
"| :\n"
|
|
": | o-----+-+-----------+-+-> o-+----------+--> "
|
|
"| :\n"
|
|
": | | : Language : | | Crate | "
|
|
"| :\n"
|
|
": +---------------+ : boundary : +----------------+ API +-------------"
|
|
"+ :\n"
|
|
": : : :\n"
|
|
"`- - - - - - - - - -' `- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - "
|
|
"-'\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"```bob\n"
|
|
"\"C++\" Rust\n"
|
|
".- - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - "
|
|
"-.\n"
|
|
": : : :\n"
|
|
": Existing Chromium : : Chromium Rust Existing "
|
|
"Rust :\n"
|
|
": \"C++\" : : \"wrapper\" "
|
|
"crate :\n"
|
|
": +---------------+ : : +----------------+ +-------------"
|
|
"+ :\n"
|
|
": | | : : | | | "
|
|
"| :\n"
|
|
": | o-----+-+-----------+-+-> o-+----------+--> "
|
|
"| :\n"
|
|
": | | : Language : | | Crate | "
|
|
"| :\n"
|
|
": +---------------+ : boundary : +----------------+ API +-------------"
|
|
"+ :\n"
|
|
": : : :\n"
|
|
"`- - - - - - - - - -' `- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - "
|
|
"-'\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/policy.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"First-party Rust glue code for a particular third-party crate should "
|
|
"normally be kept in `third_party/rust/<crate>/<version>/wrapper`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El código pegamento propio de Rust para un crate de terceros concreto "
|
|
"normalmente debe guardarse en `third_party/rust/<crate>/<version>/wrapper`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/policy.md
|
|
msgid "Because of this, today's course will be heavily focused on:"
|
|
msgstr "Por este motivo, el curso de hoy se centrará en los siguientes temas:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/policy.md
|
|
msgid "Bringing in third-party Rust libraries (\"crates\")"
|
|
msgstr "Incorporación de bibliotecas Rust de terceros (\"crates\")."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/policy.md
|
|
msgid "Writing glue code to be able to use those crates from Chromium C++."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Escribir código pegamento para poder usar esos crates desde Chromium C++."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/policy.md
|
|
msgid "If this policy changes over time, the course will evolve to keep up."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si esta política cambia con el tiempo, el curso irá evolucionando para "
|
|
"adaptarse al cambio."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid "Build rules"
|
|
msgstr "Reglas de Compilación (_Build_)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust code is usually built using `cargo`. Chromium builds with `gn` and "
|
|
"`ninja` for efficiency --- its static rules allow maximum parallelism. Rust "
|
|
"is no exception."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El código de Rust se suele compilar con `cargo`. Chromium se compila con "
|
|
"`gn` y `ninja` para aumentar la eficiencia. Sus reglas estáticas permiten el "
|
|
"máximo paralelismo. Rust no es una excepción."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid "Adding Rust code to Chromium"
|
|
msgstr "Añadir código de Rust a Chromium"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In some existing Chromium `BUILD.gn` file, declare a `rust_static_library`:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En algunos archivos `BUILD.gn` de Chromium, declara una "
|
|
"`rust_static_library`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```gn\n"
|
|
"import(\"//build/rust/rust_static_library.gni\")\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"rust_static_library(\"my_rust_lib\") {\n"
|
|
" crate_root = \"lib.rs\"\n"
|
|
" sources = [ \"lib.rs\" ]\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"```gn\n"
|
|
"import(\"//build/rust/rust_static_library.gni\")\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"rust_static_library(\"my_rust_lib\") {\n"
|
|
" crate_root = \"lib.rs\"\n"
|
|
" sources = [ \"lib.rs\" ]\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You can also add `deps` on other Rust targets. Later we'll use this to "
|
|
"depend upon third party code."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"También puedes añadir `deps` en otros segmentos de Rust. Más adelante, lo "
|
|
"usaremos en función del código de terceros."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You must specify _both_ the crate root, _and_ a full list of sources. The "
|
|
"`crate_root` is the file given to the Rust compiler representing the root "
|
|
"file of the compilation unit --- typically `lib.rs`. `sources` is a complete "
|
|
"list of all source files which `ninja` needs in order to determine when "
|
|
"rebuilds are necessary."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Debes especificar _tanto_ la raíz del crate _como_ una lista completa de "
|
|
"recursos. `crate_root` es el archivo proporcionado al compilador de Rust que "
|
|
"representa el archivo raíz de la unidad de compilación, que suele ser `lib."
|
|
"rs`. `sources` es una lista completa de todos los archivos de origen que "
|
|
"necesita `ninja` para determinar cuándo es necesario compilar de nuevo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"(There's no such thing as a Rust `source_set`, because in Rust, an entire "
|
|
"crate is a compilation unit. A `static_library` is the smallest unit.)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"(No existe `source_set` en Rust porque un crate completo ya es una unidad de "
|
|
"compilación. Una `static_library` es la unidad más pequeña)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Students might be wondering why we need a gn template, rather than using "
|
|
"[gn's built-in support for Rust static libraries](https://gn.googlesource."
|
|
"com/gn/+/main/docs/reference.md#func_static_library). The answer is that "
|
|
"this template provides support for CXX interop, Rust features, and unit "
|
|
"tests, some of which we'll use later."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Puede que los participantes se pregunten por qué necesitamos una plantilla "
|
|
"gn en vez de usar [la compatibilidad integrada de gn para las bibliotecas "
|
|
"estáticas de Rust](https://gn.googlesource.com/gn/+/main/docs/reference."
|
|
"md#func_static_library). La respuesta es que esta plantilla es compatible "
|
|
"con la interoperabilidad de CXX, las funciones de Rust y las pruebas "
|
|
"unitarias, algunas de las cuales usaremos más adelante."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/build-rules/unsafe.md
|
|
msgid "Including `unsafe` Rust Code"
|
|
msgstr "Incluir código de Rust `unsafe`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/build-rules/unsafe.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Unsafe Rust code is forbidden in `rust_static_library` by default --- it "
|
|
"won't compile. If you need unsafe Rust code, add `allow_unsafe = true` to "
|
|
"the gn target. (Later in the course we'll see circumstances where this is "
|
|
"necessary.)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El código de Rust inseguro está prohibido en `rust_static_library` de forma "
|
|
"predeterminada, por lo que no se podrá compilar. Si necesitas código de Rust "
|
|
"inseguro, añade `allow_unsafe = true` al elemento de destino de gn. (Más "
|
|
"adelante en el curso veremos circunstancias en las que es necesario hacerlo)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/build-rules/unsafe.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```gn\n"
|
|
"import(\"//build/rust/rust_static_library.gni\")\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"rust_static_library(\"my_rust_lib\") {\n"
|
|
" crate_root = \"lib.rs\"\n"
|
|
" sources = [\n"
|
|
" \"lib.rs\",\n"
|
|
" \"hippopotamus.rs\"\n"
|
|
" ]\n"
|
|
" allow_unsafe = true\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"```gn\n"
|
|
"import(\"//build/rust/rust_static_library.gni\")\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"rust_static_library(\"my_rust_lib\") {\n"
|
|
" crate_root = \"lib.rs\"\n"
|
|
" sources = [\n"
|
|
" \"lib.rs\",\n"
|
|
" \"hippopotamus.rs\"\n"
|
|
" ]\n"
|
|
" allow_unsafe = true\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/build-rules/depending.md
|
|
msgid "Simply add the above target to the `deps` of some Chromium C++ target."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Solo tienes que añadir el elemento de destino que aparece arriba a los "
|
|
"`deps` de algún elemento de destino de Chromium C++."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/build-rules/depending.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```gn\n"
|
|
"import(\"//build/rust/rust_static_library.gni\")\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"rust_static_library(\"my_rust_lib\") {\n"
|
|
" crate_root = \"lib.rs\"\n"
|
|
" sources = [ \"lib.rs\" ]\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"# or source_set, static_library etc.\n"
|
|
"component(\"preexisting_cpp\") {\n"
|
|
" deps = [ \":my_rust_lib\" ]\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"```gn\n"
|
|
"import(\"//build/rust/rust_static_library.gni\")\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"rust_static_library(\"my_rust_lib\") {\n"
|
|
" crate_root = \"lib.rs\"\n"
|
|
" sources = [ \"lib.rs\" ]\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"# or source_set, static_library etc.\n"
|
|
"component(\"preexisting_cpp\") {\n"
|
|
" deps = [ \":my_rust_lib\" ]\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Types are elided in Rust code, which makes a good IDE even more useful than "
|
|
"for C++. Visual Studio code works well for Rust in Chromium. To use it,"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los tipos se omiten en el código de Rust, lo que hace que un buen IDE sea "
|
|
"aún más útil para C++. El código de Visual Studio funciona bien con Rust en "
|
|
"Chromium. Para utilizarlo, haz lo siguiente:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Ensure your VSCode has the `rust-analyzer` extension, not earlier forms of "
|
|
"Rust support"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Asegúrate de que VSCode tenga la extensión `rust-analyzer`, no versiones "
|
|
"anteriores de compatibilidad con Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`gn gen out/Debug --export-rust-project` (or equivalent for your output "
|
|
"directory)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`gn gen out/Debug --export-rust-project` (o el equivalente en tu directorio "
|
|
"de salida)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md
|
|
msgid "`ln -s out/Debug/rust-project.json rust-project.json`"
|
|
msgstr "`ln -s out/Debug/rust-project.json rust-project.json`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A demo of some of the code annotation and exploration features of rust-"
|
|
"analyzer might be beneficial if the audience are naturally skeptical of IDEs."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Una demo de algunas de las funciones de anotación de código y exploración de "
|
|
"rust-analyzer puede ser útil si los asistentes se muestran escépticos por "
|
|
"los IDE."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The following steps may help with the demo (but feel free to instead use a "
|
|
"piece of Chromium-related Rust that you are most familiar with):"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los siguientes pasos pueden servir de ayuda con la demo (aunque puedes usar "
|
|
"un fragmento de Rust relacionado con Chromium que te resulte más familiar):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md
|
|
msgid "Open `components/qr_code_generator/qr_code_generator_ffi_glue.rs`"
|
|
msgstr "Abre `components/qr_code_generator/qr_code_generator_ffi_glue.rs`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Place the cursor over the `QrCode::new` call (around line 26) in "
|
|
"\\`qr_code_generator_ffi_glue.rs"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Coloca el cursor sobre la llamada `QrCode::new` (aproximadamente en la línea "
|
|
"26) en \\`qr_code_generator_ffi_glue.rs."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Demo **show documentation** (typical bindings: vscode = ctrl k i; vim/CoC = "
|
|
"K)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Demo **mostrar la documentación** (enlaces típicos: vscode = ctrl ki; vim/"
|
|
"CoC = K)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Demo **go to definition** (typical bindings: vscode = F12; vim/CoC = g d). "
|
|
"(This will take you to `//third_party/rust/.../qr_code-.../src/lib.rs`.)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Demo **ir a la definición** (enlaces típicos: vscode = F12; vim/CoC = gd) "
|
|
"(Esta acción te llevará a `//third_party/rust/.../qr_code-.../src/lib.rs`)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Demo **outline** and navigate to the `QrCode::with_bits` method (around line "
|
|
"164; the outline is in the file explorer pane in vscode; typical vim/CoC "
|
|
"bindings = space o)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Demo **esquema** y desplázate hasta el método `QrCode::with_bits` (en la "
|
|
"línea 164. El esquema se encuentra en el panel del explorador de archivos de "
|
|
"vscode. Enlaces típicos de vim/CoC = espacio o)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Demo **type annotations** (there are quote a few nice examples in the "
|
|
"`QrCode::with_bits` method)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Demo **anotaciones de tipos** (hay varios ejemplos en el método `QrCode::"
|
|
"with_bits`)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/build-rules/vscode.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"It may be worth pointing out that `gn gen ... --export-rust-project` will "
|
|
"need to be rerun after editing `BUILD.gn` files (which we will do a few "
|
|
"times throughout the exercises in this session)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Es necesario destacar que hay que volver a ejecutar `gn gen ... --export-"
|
|
"rust-project` después de editar los archivos `BUILD.gn` (lo haremos varias "
|
|
"veces a lo largo de los ejercicios de esta sesión)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid "Build rules exercise"
|
|
msgstr "Ejercicio de reglas de compilación"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In your Chromium build, add a new Rust target to `//ui/base/BUILD.gn` "
|
|
"containing:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En tu compilación de Chromium, añade un nuevo elemento de destino de Rust a "
|
|
"`//ui/base/build.gn` que contenga lo siguiente:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"**Important**: note that `no_mangle` here is considered a type of unsafety "
|
|
"by the Rust compiler, so you'll need to to allow unsafe code in your `gn` "
|
|
"target."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"**Importante:** Ten en cuenta que `no_mangle` en este caso se considera un "
|
|
"tipo de inseguridad según el compilador de Rust, por lo que tendrás que "
|
|
"permitir código inseguro en el elemento de destino `gn`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Add this new Rust target as a dependency of `//ui/base:base`. Declare this "
|
|
"function at the top of `ui/base/resource/resource_bundle.cc` (later, we'll "
|
|
"see how this can be automated by bindings generation tools):"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Añade este nuevo elemento de destino de Rust como una dependencia de `//ui/"
|
|
"base:base`. Declara esta función en la parte superior de `ui/base/resource/"
|
|
"resource_bundle.cc` (más adelante veremos cómo se puede automatizar mediante "
|
|
"herramientas de generación de enlaces):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Call this function from somewhere in `ui/base/resource/resource_bundle.cc` - "
|
|
"we suggest the top of `ResourceBundle::MaybeMangleLocalizedString`. Build "
|
|
"and run Chromium, and ensure that \"Hello from Rust!\" is printed lots of "
|
|
"times."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Llama a esta función desde algún lugar de `ui/base/resource/resource_bundle."
|
|
"cc`. Recomendamos hacerlo en la parte superior de `ResourceBundle::"
|
|
"RSMangleLocalizedString`. Compila y ejecuta Chromium y asegúrate de que se "
|
|
"imprima \"¡Rust te manda un saludo!\" muchas veces."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If you use VSCode, now set up Rust to work well in VSCode. It will be useful "
|
|
"in subsequent exercises. If you've succeeded, you will be able to use right-"
|
|
"click \"Go to definition\" on `println!`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si usas VSCode, ahora debes configurar Rust para que funcione correctamente "
|
|
"en VSCode. Nos será útil en ejercicios posteriores. Si lo has completado "
|
|
"correctamente, podrás hacer clic con el botón derecho y pulsar \"Ir a la "
|
|
"definición\" en `println!`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid "Where to find help"
|
|
msgstr "Dónde obtener ayuda"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The options available to the [`rust_static_library` gn template](https://"
|
|
"source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:build/rust/"
|
|
"rust_static_library.gni;l=16)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Opciones disponibles de la [plantilla gn `rust_static_library`](https://"
|
|
"source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:build/rust/"
|
|
"rust_static_library.gni;l=16)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Information about [`#[no_mangle]`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/beta/reference/"
|
|
"abi.html#the-no_mangle-attribute)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Información sobre [`#[no_mangle]`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/beta/reference/"
|
|
"abi.html#the-no_mangle-attribute)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Information about [`extern \"C\"`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/keyword."
|
|
"extern.html)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Información sobre [`extern \"C\"`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/keyword."
|
|
"extern.html)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Information about gn's [`--export-rust-project`](https://gn.googlesource.com/"
|
|
"gn/+/main/docs/reference.md#compilation-database) switch"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Información sobre el interruptor [`--export-rust-project`](https://gn."
|
|
"googlesource.com/gn/+/main/docs/reference.md#compilation-database) de gn"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[How to install rust-analyzer in VSCode](https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/"
|
|
"languages/rust)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Cómo instalar rust-analyzer en VSCode](https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/"
|
|
"languages/rust)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This example is unusual because it boils down to the lowest-common-"
|
|
"denominator interop language, C. Both C++ and Rust can natively declare and "
|
|
"call C ABI functions. Later in the course, we'll connect C++ directly to "
|
|
"Rust."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Este ejemplo no es habitual porque se reduce al lenguaje de "
|
|
"interoperabilidad con el mínimo común denominador, C. Tanto C++ como Rust "
|
|
"pueden declarar y llamar de forma nativa funciones ABI de C. Más adelante, "
|
|
"conectaremos C++ directamente con Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`allow_unsafe = true` is required here because `#[no_mangle]` might allow "
|
|
"Rust to generate two functions with the same name, and Rust can no longer "
|
|
"guarantee that the right one is called."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`allow_unsafe = true` es obligatorio porque `#[no_mangle]` podría permitir "
|
|
"que Rust genere dos funciones con el mismo nombre, y Rust ya no puede "
|
|
"asegurar que se llame a la correcta."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/build-rules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If you need a pure Rust executable, you can also do that using the "
|
|
"`rust_executable` gn template."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si necesitas un ejecutable puro de Rust, también puedes hacerlo con la "
|
|
"plantilla gn `rust_executable`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/testing.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust community typically authors unit tests in a module placed in the same "
|
|
"source file as the code being tested. This was covered [earlier](../testing."
|
|
"md) in the course and looks like this:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La comunidad de Rust suele crear las pruebas unitarias en un módulo situado "
|
|
"en el mismo archivo fuente que el código que se está probando. Este tema ya "
|
|
"se ha tratado [antes](../testing.md) en el curso y tiene este aspecto:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/testing.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In Chromium we place unit tests in a separate source file and we continue to "
|
|
"follow this practice for Rust --- this makes tests consistently discoverable "
|
|
"and helps to avoid rebuilding `.rs` files a second time (in the `test` "
|
|
"configuration)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En Chromium colocamos las pruebas unitarias en un archivo fuente "
|
|
"independiente y continuamos con esta práctica con Rust. De esta forma, las "
|
|
"pruebas se pueden encontrar de forma coherente y se evita volver a crear "
|
|
"archivos `.rs` (en la configuración `test`)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/testing.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This results in the following options for testing Rust code in Chromium:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Esta acción genera las siguientes opciones para probar el código de Rust en "
|
|
"Chromium:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/testing.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Native Rust tests (i.e. `#[test]`). Discouraged outside of `//third_party/"
|
|
"rust`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Pruebas nativas de Rust (es decir, `#[test]`). No se recomienda hacerlas "
|
|
"fuera de `//third_party/rust`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/testing.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`gtest` tests authored in C++ and exercising Rust via FFI calls. Sufficient "
|
|
"when Rust code is just a thin FFI layer and the existing unit tests provide "
|
|
"sufficient coverage for the feature."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Pruebas `gtest` escritas en C++ y ejercicios con Rust mediante llamadas de "
|
|
"FFI. Suficiente cuando el código de Rust es solo una capa fina de FFI y las "
|
|
"pruebas unitarias existentes proporcionan suficiente cobertura para la "
|
|
"función."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/testing.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`gtest` tests authored in Rust and using the crate under test through its "
|
|
"public API (using `pub mod for_testing { ... }` if needed). This is the "
|
|
"subject of the next few slides."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Pruebas `gtest` creadas en Rust y usando el crate en prueba a través de su "
|
|
"API pública (mediante `pub mod for_testing { ... }` si es necesario). Este "
|
|
"es el tema de las siguientes diapositivas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/testing.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Mention that native Rust tests of third-party crates should eventually be "
|
|
"exercised by Chromium bots. (Such testing is needed rarely --- only after "
|
|
"adding or updating third-party crates.)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Menciona que los bots de Chromium deberían hacer pruebas nativas de Rust de "
|
|
"crates de terceros tarde o temprano. (Estas pruebas rara vez son necesarias, "
|
|
"solo después de añadir o actualizar crates de terceros)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/testing.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Some examples may help illustrate when C++ `gtest` vs Rust `gtest` should be "
|
|
"used:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Algunos ejemplos pueden ayudarte a ilustrar cuándo se debe usar `gtest` de C+"
|
|
"+ o `gtest` de Rust:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/testing.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"QR has very little functionality in the first-party Rust layer (it's just a "
|
|
"thin FFI glue) and therefore uses the existing C++ unit tests for testing "
|
|
"both the C++ and the Rust implementation (parameterizing the tests so they "
|
|
"enable or disable Rust using a `ScopedFeatureList`)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"QR cuenta con muy pocas funciones en la capa de Rust propia (solo es un "
|
|
"código pegamento de FFI) y, por lo tanto, utiliza las pruebas unitarias de C+"
|
|
"+ existentes para probar la implementación de C++ y la de Rust "
|
|
"(parametrizando las pruebas de modo que habiliten o inhabiliten Rust "
|
|
"mediante un `ScopedFeatureList`)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/testing.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Hypothetical/WIP PNG integration may need to implement memory-safe "
|
|
"implementation of pixel transformations that are provided by `libpng` but "
|
|
"missing in the `png` crate - e.g. RGBA => BGRA, or gamma correction. Such "
|
|
"functionality may benefit from separate tests authored in Rust."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La integración hipotética/WIP de PNG puede necesitar una implementación "
|
|
"segura en memoria de las transformaciones de píxeles que proporciona "
|
|
"`libpng` pero que faltan en el crate `png`, como por ejemplo, RGBA => BGRA o "
|
|
"corrección gamma. Dicha función puede beneficiarse de pruebas independientes "
|
|
"creadas en Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/testing/rust-gtest-interop.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The [`rust_gtest_interop`](https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/"
|
|
"main/testing/rust_gtest_interop/README.md) library provides a way to:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La biblioteca [`rust_gtest_interop`](https://chromium.googlesource.com/"
|
|
"chromium/src/+/main/testing/rust_gtest_interop/README.md) permite hacer lo "
|
|
"siguiente:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/testing/rust-gtest-interop.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Use a Rust function as a `gtest` testcase (using the `#[gtest(...)]` "
|
|
"attribute)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Usar una función de Rust como caso de prueba `gtest` (con el atributo "
|
|
"`#[gtest(...)]`)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/testing/rust-gtest-interop.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Use `expect_eq!` and similar macros (similar to `assert_eq!` but not "
|
|
"panicking and not terminating the test when the assertion fails)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Usar `expect_eq!` y macros similares (similares a `assert_eq!`, pero sin que "
|
|
"se produzcan pánicos o sin finalizar la prueba cuando la aserción falle)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/testing/rust-gtest-interop.md
|
|
msgid "Example:"
|
|
msgstr "Ejemplo:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/testing/build-gn.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The simplest way to build Rust `gtest` tests is to add them to an existing "
|
|
"test binary that already contains tests authored in C++. For example:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La forma más sencilla de compilar pruebas `gtest` de Rust es añadirlas a un "
|
|
"binario de prueba que ya contenga pruebas creadas en C++. Por ejemplo:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/testing/build-gn.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```gn\n"
|
|
"test(\"ui_base_unittests\") {\n"
|
|
" ...\n"
|
|
" sources += [ \"my_rust_lib_unittest.rs\" ]\n"
|
|
" deps += [ \":my_rust_lib\" ]\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"```gn\n"
|
|
"test(\"ui_base_unittests\") {\n"
|
|
" ...\n"
|
|
" sources += [ \"my_rust_lib_unittest.rs\" ]\n"
|
|
" deps += [ \":my_rust_lib\" ]\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/testing/build-gn.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Authoring Rust tests in a separate `static_library` also works, but requires "
|
|
"manually declaring the dependency on the support libraries:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La creación de pruebas de Rust en una `static_library` independiente también "
|
|
"funciona, pero es necesario declarar manualmente la dependencia en las "
|
|
"bibliotecas de compatibilidad:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/testing/build-gn.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```gn\n"
|
|
"rust_static_library(\"my_rust_lib_unittests\") {\n"
|
|
" testonly = true\n"
|
|
" is_gtest_unittests = true\n"
|
|
" crate_root = \"my_rust_lib_unittest.rs\"\n"
|
|
" sources = [ \"my_rust_lib_unittest.rs\" ]\n"
|
|
" deps = [\n"
|
|
" \":my_rust_lib\",\n"
|
|
" \"//testing/rust_gtest_interop\",\n"
|
|
" ]\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"test(\"ui_base_unittests\") {\n"
|
|
" ...\n"
|
|
" deps += [ \":my_rust_lib_unittests\" ]\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"```gn\n"
|
|
"rust_static_library(\"my_rust_lib_unittests\") {\n"
|
|
" testonly = true\n"
|
|
" is_gtest_unittests = true\n"
|
|
" crate_root = \"my_rust_lib_unittest.rs\"\n"
|
|
" sources = [ \"my_rust_lib_unittest.rs\" ]\n"
|
|
" deps = [\n"
|
|
" \":my_rust_lib\",\n"
|
|
" \"//testing/rust_gtest_interop\",\n"
|
|
" ]\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"test(\"ui_base_unittests\") {\n"
|
|
" ...\n"
|
|
" deps += [ \":my_rust_lib_unittests\" ]\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/testing/chromium-import-macro.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"After adding `:my_rust_lib` to GN `deps`, we still need to learn how to "
|
|
"import and use `my_rust_lib` from `my_rust_lib_unittest.rs`. We haven't "
|
|
"provided an explicit `crate_name` for `my_rust_lib` so its crate name is "
|
|
"computed based on the full target path and name. Fortunately we can avoid "
|
|
"working with such an unwieldy name by using the `chromium::import!` macro "
|
|
"from the automatically-imported `chromium` crate:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Después de añadir `:my_rust_lib` a GN `deps`, tenemos que aprender a "
|
|
"importar y usar `my_rust_lib` desde `my_rust_lib_unittest.rs`. No hemos "
|
|
"proporcionado un `crate_name` explícito para `my_rust_lib`, por lo que el "
|
|
"nombre del crate se calcula en función de la ruta y el nombre de destino "
|
|
"completos. Por suerte, podemos evitar trabajar con un nombre tan poco "
|
|
"práctico usando la macro `chromium::import!` del crate `chromium` importado "
|
|
"automáticamente:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/testing/chromium-import-macro.md
|
|
msgid "\"//ui/base:my_rust_lib\""
|
|
msgstr "\"//ui/base:my_rust_lib\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/testing/chromium-import-macro.md
|
|
msgid "Under the covers the macro expands to something similar to:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En un segundo plano, la macro se expande a algo parecido a lo siguiente:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/testing/chromium-import-macro.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"More information can be found in [the doc comment](https://source.chromium."
|
|
"org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:build/rust/chromium_prelude/"
|
|
"chromium_prelude.rs?q=f:chromium_prelude.rs%20pub.use.*%5Cbimport%5Cb;%20-f:"
|
|
"third_party&ss=chromium%2Fchromium%2Fsrc) of the `chromium::import` macro."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Puedes obtener más información en [el comentario del documento](https://"
|
|
"source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:build/rust/chromium_prelude/"
|
|
"chromium_prelude.rs?q=f:chromium_prelude.rs%20pub.use.*%5Cbimport%5Cb;%20-f:"
|
|
"third_party&ss=chromium%2Fchromium%2Fsrc) de la macro `chromium::import`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/testing/chromium-import-macro.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`rust_static_library` supports specifying an explicit name via `crate_name` "
|
|
"property, but doing this is discouraged. And it is discouraged because the "
|
|
"crate name has to be globally unique. crates.io guarantees uniqueness of its "
|
|
"crate names so `cargo_crate` GN targets (generated by the `gnrt` tool "
|
|
"covered in a later section) use short crate names."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`rust_static_library` permite especificar un nombre explícito mediante la "
|
|
"propiedad `crate_name`, pero no se recomienda hacerlo. El motivo es porque "
|
|
"el nombre del crate debe ser único en todo el mundo. crates.io garantiza la "
|
|
"exclusividad de sus nombres de crate, de modo que los elementos de destino "
|
|
"de GN `cargo_crate` (generados por la herramienta `gnrt` que se explican en "
|
|
"una sección posterior) usan nombres de crate cortos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md
|
|
msgid "Testing exercise"
|
|
msgstr "Ejercicio de pruebas"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md
|
|
msgid "Time for another exercise!"
|
|
msgstr "¡Vamos a hacer otro ejercicio!"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md
|
|
msgid "In your Chromium build:"
|
|
msgstr "En tu compilación de Chromium:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Add a testable function next to `hello_from_rust`. Some suggestions: adding "
|
|
"two integers received as arguments, computing the nth Fibonacci number, "
|
|
"summing integers in a slice, etc."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Añade una función que se pueda probar junto a `hello_from_rust`. Aquí tienes "
|
|
"algunas sugerencias: añadir dos números enteros recibidos como argumentos, "
|
|
"calcular el enésimo número de la serie Fibonacci, sumar los enteros en un "
|
|
"slice, etc."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md
|
|
msgid "Add a separate `..._unittest.rs` file with a test for the new function."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Añade un archivo `..._unittest.rs` independiente con una prueba de la nueva "
|
|
"función."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md
|
|
msgid "Add the new tests to `BUILD.gn`."
|
|
msgstr "Añade las nuevas pruebas a `BUILD.gn`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/testing.md
|
|
msgid "Build the tests, run them, and verify that the new test works."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Compila las pruebas, ejecútalas y comprueba que la nueva prueba funciona."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The Rust community offers multiple options for C++/Rust interop, with new "
|
|
"tools being developed all the time. At the moment, Chromium uses a tool "
|
|
"called CXX."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La comunidad de Rust ofrece muchas opciones para la interoperabilidad de C++ "
|
|
"y Rust, y continuamente se están desarrollando nuevas herramientas. "
|
|
"Actualmente, Chromium usa la herramienta CXX."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You describe your whole language boundary in an interface definition "
|
|
"language (which looks a lot like Rust) and then CXX tools generate "
|
|
"declarations for functions and types in both Rust and C++."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Describe todos los límites de tu lenguaje en un lenguaje de definición de "
|
|
"interfaz (que se parece mucho a Rust) y, a continuación, las herramientas "
|
|
"CXX generarán declaraciones de funciones y tipos tanto en Rust como en C++."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"See the [CXX tutorial](https://cxx.rs/tutorial.html) for a full example of "
|
|
"using this."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Consulta el [tutorial de CXX](https://cxx.rs/tutorial.html) para ver un "
|
|
"ejemplo completo de su uso."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Talk through the diagram. Explain that behind the scenes, this is doing just "
|
|
"the same as you previously did. Point out that automating the process has "
|
|
"the following benefits:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Aclara el diagrama. Explica que, en segundo plano, esto hace lo mismo que "
|
|
"hemos hecho antes. Señala que automatizar el proceso supone las siguientes "
|
|
"ventajas:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The tool guarantees that the C++ and Rust sides match (e.g. you get compile "
|
|
"errors if the `#[cxx::bridge]` doesn't match the actual C++ or Rust "
|
|
"definitions, but with out-of-sync manual bindings you'd get Undefined "
|
|
"Behavior)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La herramienta asegura que C++ y Rust coincidan (por ejemplo, se producen "
|
|
"errores de compilación si `#[cxx::bridge]` no coincide con las definiciones "
|
|
"de C++ o Rust reales, pero con enlaces manuales no sincronizados, se "
|
|
"obtendría un comportamiento no definido)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The tool automates generation of FFI thunks (small, C-ABI-compatible, free "
|
|
"functions) for non-C features (e.g. enabling FFI calls into Rust or C++ "
|
|
"methods; manual bindings would require authoring such top-level, free "
|
|
"functions manually)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La herramienta automatiza la generación de thunks FFI (funciones pequeñas, "
|
|
"compatibles con la ABI de C y gratuitas) para funciones que no son de C (por "
|
|
"ejemplo, habilitar llamadas de FFI en métodos de Rust o C++. Los enlaces "
|
|
"manuales requerirían la creación manual de estas funciones gratuitas de "
|
|
"nivel superior)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid "The tool and the library can handle a set of core types - for example:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La herramienta y la biblioteca pueden gestionar un conjunto de tipos "
|
|
"principales, como por ejemplo:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`&[T]` can be passed across the FFI boundary, even though it doesn't "
|
|
"guarantee any particular ABI or memory layout. With manual bindings `std::"
|
|
"span<T>` / `&[T]` have to be manually destructured and rebuilt out of a "
|
|
"pointer and length - this is error-prone given that each language represents "
|
|
"empty slices slightly differently)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`&[T]` se puede transferir a través del límite de FFI, aunque no garantiza "
|
|
"ningún diseño concreto de ABI o de memoria. Con los enlaces manuales, `std::"
|
|
"span<T>` y `&[T]` se tienen que desestructurar manualmente y compilarlos a "
|
|
"partir de un puntero y una longitud. Esto suele acarrear errores, ya que "
|
|
"cada lenguaje representa los slices vacíos de forma ligeramente distinta."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Smart pointers like `std::unique_ptr<T>`, `std::shared_ptr<T>`, and/or `Box` "
|
|
"are natively supported. With manual bindings, one would have to pass C-ABI-"
|
|
"compatible raw pointers, which would increase lifetime and memory-safety "
|
|
"risks."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los punteros inteligentes como `std::unique_ptr<T>`, `std::shared_ptr<T>` o "
|
|
"`Box` se admiten de forma nativa. Con los enlaces manuales, sería necesario "
|
|
"pasar punteros sin formato compatibles con ABI de C, lo que aumentaría los "
|
|
"riesgos de tiempo de vida y de seguridad en la memoria."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`rust::String` and `CxxString` types understand and maintain differences in "
|
|
"string representation across the languages (e.g. `rust::String::lossy` can "
|
|
"build a Rust string from non-UTF8 input and `rust::String::c_str` can NUL-"
|
|
"terminate a string)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los tipos `rust::String` y `CxxString` entienden y mantienen las diferencias "
|
|
"en la representación de cadenas en los distintos lenguajes (por ejemplo, "
|
|
"`rust::String::lossy` puede crear una cadena de Rust a partir de una entrada "
|
|
"que no sea UTF8 y `rust::String::: c_str` puede terminar una cadena con un "
|
|
"carácter nulo)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"CXX requires that the whole C++/Rust boundary is declared in `cxx::bridge` "
|
|
"modules inside `.rs` source code."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"CXX necesita que se declare todo el límite de C++ o Rust en los módulos "
|
|
"`cxx::bridge` del código fuente `.rs`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md
|
|
msgid "\"example/include/blobstore.h\""
|
|
msgstr "\"example/include/blobstore.h\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md
|
|
msgid "// Definitions of Rust types and functions go here\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// Las definiciones de los tipos y las funciones de Rust se colocan aquí\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md
|
|
msgid "Point out:"
|
|
msgstr "Señala lo siguiente:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Although this looks like a regular Rust `mod`, the `#[cxx::bridge]` "
|
|
"procedural macro does complex things to it. The generated code is quite a "
|
|
"bit more sophisticated - though this does still result in a `mod` called "
|
|
"`ffi` in your code."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Aunque parece un `mod` de Rust habitual, la macro de procedimiento `#[cxx::"
|
|
"bridge]` es capaz de desempeñar tareas complejas. El código generado es "
|
|
"bastante más sofisticado, aunque aun así da como resultado un `mod` llamado "
|
|
"`ffi` en el código."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md
|
|
msgid "Native support for C++'s `std::unique_ptr` in Rust"
|
|
msgstr "Compatibilidad nativa con `std::unique_ptr` de C++ en Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md
|
|
msgid "Native support for Rust slices in C++"
|
|
msgstr "Compatibilidad nativa con los slices de Rust en C++."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md
|
|
msgid "Calls from C++ to Rust, and Rust types (in the top part)"
|
|
msgstr "Llamadas de C++ a Rust y tipos de Rust (en la parte superior)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md
|
|
msgid "Calls from Rust to C++, and C++ types (in the bottom part)"
|
|
msgstr "Llamadas de Rust a C++ y tipos de C++ (en la parte inferior)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/example-bindings.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"**Common misconception**: It _looks_ like a C++ header is being parsed by "
|
|
"Rust, but this is misleading. This header is never interpreted by Rust, but "
|
|
"simply `#include`d in the generated C++ code for the benefit of C++ "
|
|
"compilers."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"**Error común**: _Parece_ que Rust está analizando un encabezado de C++, "
|
|
"pero no es así. Rust nunca interpreta este encabezado, sino que simplifica "
|
|
"`#include`d en el código C++ generado para ayudar a los compiladores de C++."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"By far the most useful page when using CXX is the [type reference](https://"
|
|
"cxx.rs/bindings.html)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Muestra la correspondencia entre [los tipos de Rust y C++](https://cxx.rs/"
|
|
"bindings.html):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md
|
|
msgid "CXX fundamentally suits cases where:"
|
|
msgstr "CXX se adapta básicamente a los casos en los que:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Your Rust-C++ interface is sufficiently simple that you can declare all of "
|
|
"it."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La interfaz de Rust-C++ es lo suficientemente sencilla como para se pueda "
|
|
"declarar por completo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You're using only the types natively supported by CXX already, for example "
|
|
"`std::unique_ptr`, `std::string`, `&[u8]` etc."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Solo estás usando los tipos compatibles de forma nativa con CXX, como `std::"
|
|
"unique_ptr`, `std::string` o `&[u8]`, entre otros."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"It has many limitations --- for example lack of support for Rust's `Option` "
|
|
"type."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Tiene muchas limitaciones, por ejemplo, la falta de compatibilidad con el "
|
|
"tipo `Option` de Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"These limitations constrain us to using Rust in Chromium only for well "
|
|
"isolated \"leaf nodes\" rather than for arbitrary Rust-C++ interop. When "
|
|
"considering a use-case for Rust in Chromium, a good starting point is to "
|
|
"draft the CXX bindings for the language boundary to see if it appears simple "
|
|
"enough."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Estas restricciones nos limitan a usar Rust en Chromium solo para \"nodos "
|
|
"hoja\" muy aislados, en lugar de para la interoperabilidad arbitraria de "
|
|
"Rust-C++. Si te planteas un caso práctico de Rust en Chromium, un buen punto "
|
|
"de partida es hacer un borrador de los enlaces de CXX para el límite del "
|
|
"lenguaje para ver si te parece lo suficientemente sencillo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You should also discuss some of the other sticky points with CXX, for "
|
|
"example:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"También debes hablar de algunos de los otros aspectos delicados con CXX, "
|
|
"como los siguientes:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Its error handling is based around C++ exceptions (given on the next slide)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Su gestión de errores se basa en las excepciones de C++ (como se muestra en "
|
|
"la siguiente diapositiva)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/limitations-of-cxx.md
|
|
msgid "Function pointers are awkward to use."
|
|
msgstr "Los punteros de función no son muy fáciles de usar."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"CXX's [support for `Result<T,E>`](https://cxx.rs/binding/result.html) relies "
|
|
"on C++ exceptions, so we can't use that in Chromium. Alternatives:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La [compatibilidad con `Result<T,E>`](https://cxx.rs/binding/result.html) de "
|
|
"CXX se basa en excepciones de C++, por lo que no podemos usarlo en Chromium. "
|
|
"Alternativas:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md
|
|
msgid "The `T` part of `Result<T, E>` can be:"
|
|
msgstr "La parte `T` de `Result<T, E>` puede:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Returned via out parameters (e.g. via `&mut T`). This requires that `T` can "
|
|
"be passed across the FFI boundary - for example `T` has to be:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Devolverse a través de parámetros externos (por ejemplo, mediante `&mut T`). "
|
|
"Esto requiere que `T` se pueda transferir a través del límite de FFI. Por "
|
|
"ejemplo, `T` tiene que ser:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md
|
|
msgid "A primitive type (like `u32` or `usize`)"
|
|
msgstr "Un tipo primitivo (como `u32` o `usize`)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A type natively supported by `cxx` (like `UniquePtr<T>`) that has a suitable "
|
|
"default value to use in a failure case (_unlike_ `Box<T>`)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Un tipo compatible de forma nativa con `cxx` (como `UniquePtr<T>`) que tiene "
|
|
"un valor predeterminado adecuado para usarlo en caso de fallo (_a diferencia "
|
|
"de_ `Box<T>`)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Retained on the Rust side, and exposed via reference. This may be needed "
|
|
"when `T` is a Rust type, which cannot be passed across the FFI boundary, and "
|
|
"cannot be stored in `UniquePtr<T>`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Mantenerse en el lado de Rust y mostrarse mediante referencia. Esto puede "
|
|
"ser necesario cuando `T` es un tipo de Rust, que no se puede transmitir "
|
|
"mediante el límite de FFI ni se puede almacenar en `UniquePtr<T>`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md
|
|
msgid "The `E` part of `Result<T, E>` can be:"
|
|
msgstr "La parte `E` de `Result<T, E>` puede:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Returned as a boolean (e.g. `true` representing success, and `false` "
|
|
"representing failure)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Devolverse como un valor booleano (por ejemplo, `true` representa el éxito y "
|
|
"`false` representa el error)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Preserving error details is in theory possible, but so far hasn't been "
|
|
"needed in practice."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En teoría, es posible conservar los detalles de los errores, pero hasta "
|
|
"ahora no se ha necesitado en la práctica."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md
|
|
msgid "CXX Error Handling: QR Example"
|
|
msgstr "Manejo de Errores en CXX: Ejemplo de QR"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The QR code generator is [an example](https://source.chromium.org/chromium/"
|
|
"chromium/src/+/main:components/qr_code_generator/qr_code_generator_ffi_glue."
|
|
"rs;l=13-18;drc=7bf1b75b910ca430501b9c6a74c1d18a0223ecca) where a boolean is "
|
|
"used to communicate success vs failure, and where the successful result can "
|
|
"be passed across the FFI boundary:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El generador de código QR es [un ejemplo](https://source.chromium.org/"
|
|
"chromium/chromium/src/+/main:components/qr_code_generator/"
|
|
"qr_code_generator_ffi_glue.rs;l=13-18;"
|
|
"drc=7bf1b75b910ca430501b9c6a74c1d18a0223ecca) en el que el valor booleano se "
|
|
"utiliza para comunicar que el resultado es correcto o no, y dónde se puede "
|
|
"transmitir el resultado correcto a través del límite de FFI:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md
|
|
msgid "\"qr_code_generator\""
|
|
msgstr "\"qr_code_generator\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Students may be curious about the semantics of the `out_qr_size` output. "
|
|
"This is not the size of the vector, but the size of the QR code (and "
|
|
"admittedly it is a bit redundant - this is the square root of the size of "
|
|
"the vector)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Puede que los participantes sientan curiosidad acerca de la semántica del "
|
|
"resultado de salida `out_qr_size`. No se trata del tamaño del vector, sino "
|
|
"del tamaño del código QR (y admitimos que es un poco redundante, ya que se "
|
|
"trata de la raíz cuadrada del tamaño del vector)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"It may be worth pointing out the importance of initializing `out_qr_size` "
|
|
"before calling into the Rust function. Creation of a Rust reference that "
|
|
"points to uninitialized memory results in Undefined Behavior (unlike in C++, "
|
|
"when only the act of dereferencing such memory results in UB)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Cabe destacar la importancia de inicializar `out_qr_size` antes de llamar a "
|
|
"la función de Rust. La creación de una referencia de Rust que apunte a una "
|
|
"memoria no inicializada tiene como resultado un comportamiento indefinido (a "
|
|
"diferencia de C++, cuando solo el acto de desreferenciar la memoria resulta "
|
|
"en comportamiento indefinido)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-qr.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If students ask about `Pin`, then explain why CXX needs it for mutable "
|
|
"references to C++ data: the answer is that C++ data can’t be moved around "
|
|
"like Rust data, because it may contain self-referential pointers."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si los participantes preguntan por `Pin`, explica por qué CXX lo necesita "
|
|
"para referencias mutables a datos de C++. Los datos de C++ no se pueden "
|
|
"mover como los datos de Rust, ya que pueden contener punteros de "
|
|
"autorreferencia."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "CXX Error Handling: PNG Example"
|
|
msgstr "Manejo de Errores"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A prototype of a PNG decoder illustrates what can be done when the "
|
|
"successful result cannot be passed across the FFI boundary:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Un prototipo de un decodificador PNG ilustra lo que se puede hacer cuando el "
|
|
"resultado correcto no se puede transmitir a través del límite de FFI:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md
|
|
msgid "\"gfx::rust_bindings\""
|
|
msgstr "\"gfx::rust_bindings\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// This returns an FFI-friendly equivalent of `Result<PngReader<'a>,\n"
|
|
" /// ()>`.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"/// Esto devuelve un equivalente de `Result<PngReader<'a>,\n"
|
|
" /// ()>`, compatible con FFI.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md
|
|
msgid "/// C++ bindings for the `crate::png::ResultOfPngReader` type.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Enlaces de C++ para el tipo `crate::png::ResultOfPngReader`.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md
|
|
msgid "/// C++ bindings for the `crate::png::PngReader` type.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Enlaces de C++ para el tipo `crate::png::PngReader`.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`PngReader` and `ResultOfPngReader` are Rust types --- objects of these "
|
|
"types cannot cross the FFI boundary without indirection of a `Box<T>`. We "
|
|
"can't have an `out_parameter: &mut PngReader`, because CXX doesn't allow C++ "
|
|
"to store Rust objects by value."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`PngReader` y `ResultOfPngReader` son tipos de Rust. Los objetos de estos "
|
|
"tipos no pueden cruzar el límite de FFI sin la indirección de un `Box<T>`. "
|
|
"No se puede tener un `out_parameter: &mut PngReader`, ya que CXX no permite "
|
|
"que C++ almacene objetos de Rust por valor."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/error-handling-png.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This example illustrates that even though CXX doesn't support arbitrary "
|
|
"generics nor templates, we can still pass them across the FFI boundary by "
|
|
"manually specializing / monomorphizing them into a non-generic type. In the "
|
|
"example `ResultOfPngReader` is a non-generic type that forwards into "
|
|
"appropriate methods of `Result<T, E>` (e.g. into `is_err`, `unwrap`, and/or "
|
|
"`as_mut`)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Este ejemplo ilustra que, aunque CXX no es compatible con plantillas ni "
|
|
"genéricos arbitrarios, podemos transmitirlos a través de los límites de FFI "
|
|
"si los especializamos de forma manual o los monomorfizamos en un tipo no "
|
|
"genérico. En el ejemplo, `ResultOfPngReader` es un tipo no genérico que "
|
|
"redirige los métodos adecuados de `Result<T, E>` (por ejemplo, a `is_err`, "
|
|
"`unwrap` o `as_mut`)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md
|
|
msgid "Using cxx in Chromium"
|
|
msgstr "Usar cxx en Chromium"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In Chromium, we define an independent `#[cxx::bridge] mod` for each leaf-"
|
|
"node where we want to use Rust. You'd typically have one for each "
|
|
"`rust_static_library`. Just add"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En Chromium, definimos un `#[cxx::bridge] mod` independiente para cada nodo "
|
|
"hoja en el que queremos usar Rust. Normalmente hay uno por cada "
|
|
"`rust_static_library`. Solo tienes que añadir"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```gn\n"
|
|
"cxx_bindings = [ \"my_rust_file.rs\" ]\n"
|
|
" # list of files containing #[cxx::bridge], not all source files\n"
|
|
"allow_unsafe = true\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"```gn\n"
|
|
"cxx_bindings = [ \"my_rust_file.rs\" ]\n"
|
|
" # list of files containing #[cxx::bridge], not all source files\n"
|
|
"allow_unsafe = true\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"to your existing `rust_static_library` target alongside `crate_root` and "
|
|
"`sources`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"al elemento `rust_static_library` que ya tengas junto con `crate_root` y "
|
|
"`sources`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md
|
|
msgid "C++ headers will be generated at a sensible location, so you can just"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los encabezados de C++ se generarán en una ubicación razonable, por lo que "
|
|
"puedes simplemente incluir"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md
|
|
msgid "\"ui/base/my_rust_file.rs.h\""
|
|
msgstr "\"ui/base/my_rust_file.rs.h\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You will find some utility functions in `//base` to convert to/from Chromium "
|
|
"C++ types to CXX Rust types --- for example [`SpanToRustSlice`](https://"
|
|
"source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:base/containers/span_rust.h;"
|
|
"l=21)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Encontrarás algunas funciones de utilidad en `//base` para convertir a y "
|
|
"desde los tipos de Chromium C++ en tipos CXX de Rust y viceversa. Por "
|
|
"ejemplo, [`SpanToRustSlice`](https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/"
|
|
"src/+/main:base/containers/span_rust.h;l=21)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md
|
|
msgid "Students may ask --- why do we still need `allow_unsafe = true`?"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los participantes pueden preguntarse: \"¿por qué sigue siendo necesario "
|
|
"`allow_unsafe = true`?\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The broad answer is that no C/C++ code is \"safe\" by the normal Rust "
|
|
"standards. Calling back and forth to C/C++ from Rust may do arbitrary things "
|
|
"to memory, and compromise the safety of Rust's own data layouts. Presence of "
|
|
"_too many_ `unsafe` keywords in C/C++ interop can harm the signal-to-noise "
|
|
"ratio of such a keyword, and is [controversial](https://steveklabnik.com/"
|
|
"writing/the-cxx-debate), but strictly, bringing any foreign code into a Rust "
|
|
"binary can cause unexpected behavior from Rust's perspective."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La respuesta es que ningún código de C o C++ es \"seguro\" según los "
|
|
"estándares normales de Rust. Si se llama a C o C++ desde Rust, se pueden "
|
|
"llevar a cabo acciones arbitrarias en la memoria y se puede poner en peligro "
|
|
"la seguridad de los propios diseños de datos de Rust. La presencia de "
|
|
"_demasiadas_ palabras clave `unsafe` en la interoperabilidad de C o C++ "
|
|
"puede perjudicar la relación señal-ruido de dicha palabra clave, algo "
|
|
"[polémico](https://steveklabnik.com/writing/the-cxx-debate). No obstante, en "
|
|
"términos estrictos, introducir código externo en un binario de Rust puede "
|
|
"provocar un comportamiento inesperado desde el punto de vista de Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp/using-cxx-in-chromium.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The narrow answer lies in the diagram at the top of [this page](../"
|
|
"interoperability-with-cpp.md) --- behind the scenes, CXX generates Rust "
|
|
"`unsafe` and `extern \"C\"` functions just like we did manually in the "
|
|
"previous section."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La respuesta exacta se encuentra en el diagrama de la parte superior de "
|
|
"[esta página](../Interop-with-cpp.md): en segundo plano, CXX genera "
|
|
"funciones de Rust `unsafe` y `extern \"C\"`, igual que hicimos de forma "
|
|
"manual en la sección anterior."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid "Exercise: Interoperability with C++"
|
|
msgstr "Ejercicio: Interoperabilidad con C++"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid "Part one"
|
|
msgstr "Primera parte"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In the Rust file you previously created, add a `#[cxx::bridge]` which "
|
|
"specifies a single function, to be called from C++, called "
|
|
"`hello_from_rust`, taking no parameters and returning no value."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En el archivo de Rust que has creado anteriormente, añade un `#[cxx::"
|
|
"bridge]`, que especifica una sola función, denominada `hello_from_rust`, a "
|
|
"la que se llamará desde C++, sin parámetros y sin devolver ningún valor."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Modify your previous `hello_from_rust` function to remove `extern \"C\"` and "
|
|
"`#[no_mangle]`. This is now just a standard Rust function."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Modifica la función `hello_from_rust` anterior para eliminar `extern \"C\"` "
|
|
"y `#[no_mangle]`. Ahora es solo una función estándar de Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid "Modify your `gn` target to build these bindings."
|
|
msgstr "Modifica el elemento de destino de `gn` para compilar estos enlaces."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In your C++ code, remove the forward-declaration of `hello_from_rust`. "
|
|
"Instead, include the generated header file."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En el código C++, elimina la declaración de `hello_from_rust`. En su lugar, "
|
|
"incluye el archivo de encabezado que se ha generado."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid "Build and run!"
|
|
msgstr "Compila y ejecuta."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid "Part two"
|
|
msgstr "Segunda parte"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"It's a good idea to play with CXX a little. It helps you think about how "
|
|
"flexible Rust in Chromium actually is."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Se recomienda jugar un poco con CXX, ya que nos ayuda a pensar en la "
|
|
"flexibilidad que tiene Rust en Chromium."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid "Some things to try:"
|
|
msgstr "Algunas cosas que probar:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid "Call back into C++ from Rust. You will need:"
|
|
msgstr "Vuelve a llamar a C++ desde Rust. Necesitarás lo siguiente:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"An additional header file which you can `include!` from your `cxx::bridge`. "
|
|
"You'll need to declare your C++ function in that new header file."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Un archivo de encabezado adicional que puedes `include!` desde tu `cxx::"
|
|
"bridge`. Deberás declarar la función de C++ en el nuevo archivo de "
|
|
"encabezado."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"An `unsafe` block to call such a function, or alternatively specify the "
|
|
"`unsafe` keyword in your `#[cxx::bridge]` [as described here](https://cxx.rs/"
|
|
"extern-c++.html#functions-and-member-functions)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Un bloque `unsafe` para llamar a una función de este tipo, o bien "
|
|
"especificar la palabra clave `unsafe` en el `#[cxx::bridge]`, [como se "
|
|
"describe aquí](https://cxx.rs/extern-c++.html#functions-and-member-"
|
|
"functions)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You may also need to `#include \"third_party/rust/cxx/v1/crate/include/cxx."
|
|
"h\"`"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Es posible que también tengas que incluir `#include \"third_party/rust/cxx/"
|
|
"v1/crate/include/cxx.h\"`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid "Pass a C++ string from C++ into Rust."
|
|
msgstr "Transfiere una cadena de C++ desde C++ a Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid "Pass a reference to a C++ object into Rust."
|
|
msgstr "Pasa una referencia a un objeto de C++ en Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Intentionally get the Rust function signatures mismatched from the `#[cxx::"
|
|
"bridge]`, and get used to the errors you see."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Obtén de forma intencional las firmas de la función de Rust que no coincidan "
|
|
"con el `#[cxx::bridge]` y familiarízate con los errores que veas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Intentionally get the C++ function signatures mismatched from the `#[cxx::"
|
|
"bridge]`, and get used to the errors you see."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Obtén de forma intencional las firmas de la función de C++ que no coincidan "
|
|
"con el `#[cxx::bridge]` y familiarízate con los errores que veas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Pass a `std::unique_ptr` of some type from C++ into Rust, so that Rust can "
|
|
"own some C++ object."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Transfiere un `std::unique_ptr` de algún tipo de C++ a Rust, para que a Rust "
|
|
"le pertenezca algún objeto de C++."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Create a Rust object and pass it into C++, so that C++ owns it. (Hint: you "
|
|
"need a `Box`)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Crea un objeto de Rust y transmítelo a C++ para que sea su propietario. "
|
|
"(Nota: necesitas utilizar un `Box`)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid "Declare some methods on a C++ type. Call them from Rust."
|
|
msgstr "Declara algunos métodos en un tipo de C++. Llámalos desde Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid "Declare some methods on a Rust type. Call them from C++."
|
|
msgstr "Declara algunos métodos en un tipo de Rust. Llámalos desde C++."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid "Part three"
|
|
msgstr "Tercera parte"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Now you understand the strengths and limitations of CXX interop, think of a "
|
|
"couple of use-cases for Rust in Chromium where the interface would be "
|
|
"sufficiently simple. Sketch how you might define that interface."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ahora que conoces los puntos fuertes y las limitaciones de la "
|
|
"interoperabilidad de CXX, piensa en un par de casos prácticos de Rust en "
|
|
"Chromium en los que la interfaz sea bastante sencilla. Haz un boceto sobre "
|
|
"cómo definirías esa interfaz."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "The [`cxx` binding reference](https://cxx.rs/bindings.html)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Muestra la correspondencia entre [los tipos de Rust y C++](https://cxx.rs/"
|
|
"bindings.html):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The [`rust_static_library` gn template](https://source.chromium.org/chromium/"
|
|
"chromium/src/+/main:build/rust/rust_static_library.gni;l=16)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La [plantilla gn `rust_static_library`](https://source.chromium.org/chromium/"
|
|
"chromium/src/+/main:build/rust/rust_static_library.gni;l=16)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid "Some of the questions you may encounter:"
|
|
msgstr "Estas son algunas de las preguntas que pueden surgir:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"I'm seeing a problem initializing a variable of type X with type Y, where X "
|
|
"and Y are both function types. This is because your C++ function doesn't "
|
|
"quite match the declaration in your `cxx::bridge`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Veo un problema al inicializar una variable de tipo X con el tipo Y, donde X "
|
|
"e Y son tipos de funciones. Esto se debe a que la función de C++ no coincide "
|
|
"exactamente con la declaración de `cxx::bridge`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/interoperability-with-cpp.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"I seem to be able to freely convert C++ references into Rust references. "
|
|
"Doesn't that risk UB? For CXX's _opaque_ types, no, because they are zero-"
|
|
"sized. For CXX trivial types yes, it's _possible_ to cause UB, although "
|
|
"CXX's design makes it quite difficult to craft such an example."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Parece que puedo convertir libremente referencias de C++ en referencias de "
|
|
"Rust. ¿Eso no supone ningún riesgo de comportamiento indefinido? En el caso "
|
|
"de los tipos _opacos_ de CXX, no, porque su tamaño es cero. Sí supondría un "
|
|
"problema de comportamiento indefinido en el caso de los tipos triviales de "
|
|
"CXX, aunque el diseño de CXX hace que sea bastante difícil crear un ejemplo "
|
|
"así."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust libraries are called \"crates\" and are found at [crates.io](https://"
|
|
"crates.io). It's _very easy_ for Rust crates to depend upon one another. So "
|
|
"they do!"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Las bibliotecas de Rust se llaman \"crates\" y se encuentran en [crates.io]"
|
|
"(https://crates.io). _Es habitual_ que los crates de Rust dependen los unos "
|
|
"de otros."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
|
|
msgid "C++ library"
|
|
msgstr "Biblioteca C++"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
|
|
msgid "Rust crate"
|
|
msgstr "Crate de Rust"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
|
|
msgid "Build system"
|
|
msgstr "Sistema de compilación"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
|
|
msgid "Lots"
|
|
msgstr "Muchos"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
|
|
msgid "Consistent: `Cargo.toml`"
|
|
msgstr "Consistente: `Cargo.toml`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
|
|
msgid "Typical library size"
|
|
msgstr "Tamaño habitual de la biblioteca"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
|
|
msgid "Large-ish"
|
|
msgstr "Grande"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
|
|
msgid "Small"
|
|
msgstr "Pequeño"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
|
|
msgid "Transitive dependencies"
|
|
msgstr "Dependencias transitivas"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
|
|
msgid "Few"
|
|
msgstr "Pocos"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
|
|
msgid "For a Chromium engineer, this has pros and cons:"
|
|
msgstr "Para un ingeniero de Chromium, existen ventajas e inconvenientes:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"All crates use a common build system so we can automate their inclusion into "
|
|
"Chromium..."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Todos los crates usan un sistema de compilación común, así que podemos "
|
|
"automatizar su inclusión en Chromium..."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"... but, crates typically have transitive dependencies, so you will likely "
|
|
"have to bring in multiple libraries."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"... pero los crates suelen tener dependencias transitivas, por lo que es "
|
|
"probable que tengas que introducir varias bibliotecas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
|
|
msgid "We'll discuss:"
|
|
msgstr "Hablaremos sobre los siguientes temas:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
|
|
msgid "How to put a crate in the Chromium source code tree"
|
|
msgstr "Cómo colocar un crate en el árbol de código fuente de Chromium."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
|
|
msgid "How to make `gn` build rules for it"
|
|
msgstr "Cómo aplicarle reglas de compilación `gn`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates.md
|
|
msgid "How to audit its source code for sufficient safety."
|
|
msgstr "Cómo auditar su código fuente para obtener la seguridad suficiente."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-cargo-toml.md
|
|
msgid "Configuring the `Cargo.toml` file to add crates"
|
|
msgstr "Configurar el archivo `Cargo.toml` para añadir crates"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-cargo-toml.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Chromium has a single set of centrally-managed direct crate dependencies. "
|
|
"These are managed through a single [`Cargo.toml`](https://source.chromium."
|
|
"org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io/Cargo."
|
|
"toml):"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Chromium tiene un único conjunto de dependencias directas de crate "
|
|
"gestionadas de forma centralizada. Se gestionan mediante un único elemento "
|
|
"[`Cargo.toml`](https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:"
|
|
"third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io/Cargo.toml):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-cargo-toml.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```toml\n"
|
|
"[dependencies]\n"
|
|
"bitflags = \"1\"\n"
|
|
"cfg-if = \"1\"\n"
|
|
"cxx = \"1\"\n"
|
|
"# lots more...\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"```toml\n"
|
|
"[dependencies]\n"
|
|
"bitflags = \"1\"\n"
|
|
"cfg-if = \"1\"\n"
|
|
"cxx = \"1\"\n"
|
|
"# lots more...\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-cargo-toml.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"As with any other `Cargo.toml`, you can specify [more details about the "
|
|
"dependencies](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/specifying-"
|
|
"dependencies.html) --- most commonly, you'll want to specify the `features` "
|
|
"that you wish to enable in the crate."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Al igual que con cualquier otro archivo `Cargo.toml`, puedes especificar "
|
|
"[más información sobre las dependencias](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/"
|
|
"reference/specifying-dependencies.html). Lo más habitual es que se "
|
|
"especifiquen las funciones `features` que se quieran habilitar en el crate."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-cargo-toml.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"When adding a crate to Chromium, you'll often need to provide some extra "
|
|
"information in an additional file, `gnrt_config.toml`, which we'll meet next."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Al añadir un crate a Chromium, a menudo será necesario proporcionar "
|
|
"información adicional en un archivo adicional, `gnrt_config.toml`, que "
|
|
"veremos a continuación."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Alongside `Cargo.toml` is [`gnrt_config.toml`](https://source.chromium.org/"
|
|
"chromium/chromium/src/+/main:third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io/gnrt_config."
|
|
"toml). This contains Chromium-specific extensions to crate handling."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Junto a `Cargo.toml`, se encuentra [`gnrt_config.toml`](https://source."
|
|
"chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:third_party/rust/"
|
|
"chromium_crates_io/gnrt_config.toml). Contiene extensiones específicas de "
|
|
"Chromium para la gestión de crates."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If you add a new crate, you should specify at least the `group`. This is one "
|
|
"of:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si añades un nuevo crate, debes especificar al menos el atributo `group`. "
|
|
"Puede ser uno de los siguientes:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/depending-on-a-crate.md
|
|
msgid "For instance,"
|
|
msgstr "Por ejemplo:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Depending on the crate source code layout, you may also need to use this "
|
|
"file to specify where its `LICENSE` file(s) can be found."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En función del diseño del código fuente del crate, es posible que también "
|
|
"tengas que usar este archivo para especificar dónde se pueden encontrar los "
|
|
"archivos `LICENSE`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Later, we'll see some other things you will need to configure in this file "
|
|
"to resolve problems."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Más adelante, veremos otros elementos que tendrás que configurar en este "
|
|
"archivo para solucionar los problemas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A tool called `gnrt` knows how to download crates and how to generate `BUILD."
|
|
"gn` rules."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La herramienta `gnrt` puede descargar crates y generar reglas `BUILD.gn`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md
|
|
msgid "To start, download the crate you want like this:"
|
|
msgstr "Para empezar, descarga el crate de esta forma:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Although the `gnrt` tool is part of the Chromium source code, by running "
|
|
"this command you will be downloading and running its dependencies from "
|
|
"`crates.io`. See [the earlier section](../cargo.md) discussing this security "
|
|
"decision."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Aunque la herramienta `gnrt` forma parte del código fuente de Chromium, al "
|
|
"ejecutar este comando, se descargarán y ejecutarán sus dependencias desde "
|
|
"`crates.io`. Consulta [la sección anterior](../cargo.md) sobre la decisión "
|
|
"de seguridad."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md
|
|
msgid "This `vendor` command may download:"
|
|
msgstr "Este comando `vendor` puede descargar los siguientes elementos:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md
|
|
msgid "Your crate"
|
|
msgstr "Tu crate"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md
|
|
msgid "Direct and transitive dependencies"
|
|
msgstr "Dependencias directas y transitivas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"New versions of other crates, as required by `cargo` to resolve the complete "
|
|
"set of crates required by Chromium."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Nuevas versiones de otros crates, según lo requiera `cargo` para resolver el "
|
|
"conjunto completo de crates que requiere Chromium."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/downloading-crates.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Chromium maintains patches for some crates, kept in `//third_party/rust/"
|
|
"chromium_crates_io/patches`. These will be reapplied automatically, but if "
|
|
"patching fails you may need to take manual action."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Chromium mantiene parches para algunos crates, que se conservan en `//"
|
|
"third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io/patches`. Se volverán a aplicar "
|
|
"automáticamente pero, si no se puede aplicar el parche, es posible que "
|
|
"tengas que realizar una acción manual."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Once you've downloaded the crate, generate the `BUILD.gn` files like this:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Una vez que hayas descargado el crate, genera los archivos `BUILD.gn` como "
|
|
"se indica a continuación:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md
|
|
msgid "Now run `git status`. You should find:"
|
|
msgstr "Ahora, ejecuta `git status`. Deberías encontrar lo siguiente:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"At least one new crate source code in `third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io/"
|
|
"vendor`"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Al menos un nuevo código fuente de crate en `third_party/rust/"
|
|
"chromium_crates_io/vendor`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"At least one new `BUILD.gn` in `third_party/rust/<crate name>/v<major semver "
|
|
"version>`"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Al menos un nuevo `BUILD.gn` en `third_party/rust/<crate name>/v<major "
|
|
"semver version>`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md
|
|
msgid "An appropriate `README.chromium`"
|
|
msgstr "Un archivo `README.chromium` adecuado."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The \"major semver version\" is a [Rust \"semver\" version number](https://"
|
|
"doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/semver.html)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La \"versión semver mayor\" es un [número de versión \"semver\" de Rust]"
|
|
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/semver.html)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Take a close look, especially at the things generated in `third_party/rust`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Analiza la situación con detalle, sobre todo los elementos generados en "
|
|
"`third_party/rust`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/generating-gn-build-rules.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Talk a little about semver --- and specifically the way that in Chromium "
|
|
"it's to allow multiple incompatible versions of a crate, which is "
|
|
"discouraged but sometimes necessary in the Cargo ecosystem."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Habla un poco sobre el semver y, concretamente, sobre la forma en que "
|
|
"Chromium permite que existan varias versiones incompatibles de un crate. No "
|
|
"es una situación recomendable, pero a veces es necesaria en el ecosistema de "
|
|
"Cargo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If your build fails, it may be because of a `build.rs`: programs which do "
|
|
"arbitrary things at build time. This is fundamentally at odds with the "
|
|
"design of `gn` and `ninja` which aim for static, deterministic, build rules "
|
|
"to maximize parallelism and repeatability of builds."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si la compilación falla, puede deberse a un `build.rs`, programas que llevan "
|
|
"a cabo acciones arbitrarias durante la compilación. Esto difiere de los "
|
|
"diseños de `gn` y `ninja`, que tienen como objetivo crear reglas de "
|
|
"compilación estáticas y deterministas para maximizar el paralelismo y la "
|
|
"repetibilidad de las compilaciones."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Some `build.rs` actions are automatically supported; others require action:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Algunas acciones `build.rs` son admitidas automáticamente, pero otras deben "
|
|
"llevar a cabo alguna acción:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md
|
|
msgid "build script effect"
|
|
msgstr "efecto de scripts de compilación"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md
|
|
msgid "Supported by our gn templates"
|
|
msgstr "Compatible con nuestras plantillas de gn"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md
|
|
msgid "Work required by you"
|
|
msgstr "Acciones que debes llevar a cabo"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md
|
|
msgid "Checking rustc version to configure features on and off"
|
|
msgstr "Comprobar la versión de rustc para activar y desactivar funciones"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md
|
|
msgid "None"
|
|
msgstr "Ninguno"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md
|
|
msgid "Checking platform or CPU to configure features on and off"
|
|
msgstr "Comprobar la plataforma o la CPU para activar y desactivar funciones"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md
|
|
msgid "Generating code"
|
|
msgstr "Generar código"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md
|
|
msgid "Yes - specify in `gnrt_config.toml`"
|
|
msgstr "Sí: especificar en `gnrt_config.toml`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md
|
|
msgid "Building C/C++"
|
|
msgstr "Compilar en C o C++"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md
|
|
msgid "Patch around it"
|
|
msgstr "Poner un parche"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md
|
|
msgid "Arbitrary other actions"
|
|
msgstr "Otras acciones arbitrarias"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Fortunately, most crates don't contain a build script, and fortunately, most "
|
|
"build scripts only do the top two actions."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Por suerte, la mayoría de los crates no contienen scripts de compilación y "
|
|
"la mayoría de estos scripts de compilación solo llevan a cabo dos acciones "
|
|
"principales."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-generate-code.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If `ninja` complains about missing files, check the `build.rs` to see if it "
|
|
"writes source code files."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si `ninja` se queja de que faltan archivos, comprueba `build.rs` para ver si "
|
|
"escribe archivos de código fuente."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-generate-code.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If so, modify [`gnrt_config.toml`](../configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md) to "
|
|
"add `build-script-outputs` to the crate. If this is a transitive dependency, "
|
|
"that is, one on which Chromium code should not directly depend, also add "
|
|
"`allow-first-party-usage=false`. There are several examples already in that "
|
|
"file:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si es así, modifica [`gnrt_config.toml`](../configuring-gnrt-config-toml.md) "
|
|
"para añadir `build-script-outputs` al crate. Si se trata de una dependencia "
|
|
"transitiva, de la que el código Chromium no debería depender de forma "
|
|
"directa, añade también `allow-first-party-usage=false`. En ese archivo ya "
|
|
"hay varios ejemplos:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-generate-code.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```toml\n"
|
|
"[crate.unicode-linebreak]\n"
|
|
"allow-first-party-usage = false\n"
|
|
"build-script-outputs = [\"tables.rs\"]\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"```toml\n"
|
|
"[crate.unicode-linebreak]\n"
|
|
"allow-first-party-usage = false\n"
|
|
"build-script-outputs = [\"tables.rs\"]\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-generate-code.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Now rerun [`gnrt.py -- gen`](../generating-gn-build-rules.md) to regenerate "
|
|
"`BUILD.gn` files to inform ninja that this particular output file is input "
|
|
"to subsequent build steps."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"A continuación, vuelve a ejecutar [`gnrt.py -- gen`](../generating-gn-build-"
|
|
"rules.md) para generar de nuevo los archivos `build.gn` e informar al ninja "
|
|
"de que este archivo de salida concreto se usa como entrada en los pasos de "
|
|
"compilación posteriores."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-take-arbitrary-actions.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Some crates use the [`cc`](https://crates.io/crates/cc) crate to build and "
|
|
"link C/C++ libraries. Other crates parse C/C++ using [`bindgen`](https://"
|
|
"crates.io/crates/bindgen) within their build scripts. These actions can't be "
|
|
"supported in a Chromium context --- our gn, ninja and LLVM build system is "
|
|
"very specific in expressing relationships between build actions."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Algunos crates usan el crate [`cc`](https://crates.io/crates/cc) para "
|
|
"compilar y vincular bibliotecas de C y C++. Otros crates analizan C y C++ "
|
|
"mediante [`bindgen`](https://crates.io/crates/bindgen) en sus scripts de "
|
|
"compilación. Estas acciones no se pueden llevar a cabo en un contexto de "
|
|
"Chromium, ya que nuestro sistema de compilación gn, ninja y LLVM es muy "
|
|
"específico a la hora de expresar las relaciones entre las acciones de "
|
|
"compilación."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-take-arbitrary-actions.md
|
|
msgid "So, your options are:"
|
|
msgstr "Por lo tanto, las opciones son las siguientes:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-take-arbitrary-actions.md
|
|
msgid "Avoid these crates"
|
|
msgstr "Evitar estos crates."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-take-arbitrary-actions.md
|
|
msgid "Apply a patch to the crate."
|
|
msgstr "Aplicar un parche al crate."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/resolving-problems/build-scripts-which-take-arbitrary-actions.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Patches should be kept in `third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io/patches/"
|
|
"<crate>` - see for example the [patches against the `cxx` crate](https://"
|
|
"source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/+/main:third_party/rust/"
|
|
"chromium_crates_io/patches/cxx/) - and will be applied automatically by "
|
|
"`gnrt` each time it upgrades the crate."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los parches deben guardarse en `third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io/patches/"
|
|
"<crate>`, como los [parches para el crate `cxx`](https://source.chromium.org/"
|
|
"chromium/chromium/src/+/main:third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io/patches/"
|
|
"cxx/), y `gnrt` lo aplicará automáticamente cada vez que actualice el crate."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/depending-on-a-crate.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Once you've added a third-party crate and generated build rules, depending "
|
|
"on a crate is simple. Find your `rust_static_library` target, and add a "
|
|
"`dep` on the `:lib` target within your crate."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Una vez que se ha añadido un crate de terceros y se han generado reglas de "
|
|
"compilación, utilizar un crate es sencillo. Busca tu elemento de destino "
|
|
"`rust_static_library` y añade un `dep` en el `:lib` dentro del crate."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/depending-on-a-crate.md
|
|
msgid "Specifically,"
|
|
msgstr "Específicamente:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/depending-on-a-crate.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```bob\n"
|
|
" +------------+ +----------------------+\n"
|
|
"\"//third_party/rust\" | crate name | \"/v\" | major semver version | \":"
|
|
"lib\"\n"
|
|
" +------------+ +----------------------+\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"```bob\n"
|
|
" +------------+ +----------------------+\n"
|
|
"\"//third_party/rust\" | crate name | \"/v\" | major semver version | \":"
|
|
"lib\"\n"
|
|
" +------------+ +----------------------+\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/depending-on-a-crate.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```gn\n"
|
|
"rust_static_library(\"my_rust_lib\") {\n"
|
|
" crate_root = \"lib.rs\"\n"
|
|
" sources = [ \"lib.rs\" ]\n"
|
|
" deps = [ \"//third_party/rust/example_rust_crate/v1:lib\" ]\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"```gn\n"
|
|
"rust_static_library(\"my_rust_lib\") {\n"
|
|
" crate_root = \"lib.rs\"\n"
|
|
" sources = [ \"lib.rs\" ]\n"
|
|
" deps = [ \"//third_party/rust/example_rust_crate/v1:lib\" ]\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md
|
|
msgid "Auditing Third Party Crates"
|
|
msgstr "Auditoría de Crates de Terceros"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Adding new libraries is subject to Chromium's standard [policies](https://"
|
|
"chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/refs/heads/main/docs/rust."
|
|
"md#Third_party-review), but of course also subject to security review. As "
|
|
"you may be bringing in not just a single crate but also transitive "
|
|
"dependencies, there may be a lot of code to review. On the other hand, safe "
|
|
"Rust code can have limited negative side effects. How should you review it?"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Añadir nuevas bibliotecas está sujeto a las [políticas](https://chromium."
|
|
"googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/refs/heads/main/docs/rust.md#Third_party-"
|
|
"review) estándar de Chromium, pero también a la revisión de seguridad. Como "
|
|
"puede que no solo incluyas un único crate sino también dependencias "
|
|
"transitivas, es posible que haya mucho código que revisar. Por otro lado, el "
|
|
"código de Rust seguro puede tener efectos secundarios negativos limitados. "
|
|
"¿Cómo se revisa?"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Over time Chromium aims to move to a process based around [cargo vet]"
|
|
"(https://mozilla.github.io/cargo-vet/)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Con el tiempo, Chromium intentará adoptar un proceso basado en [cargo vet]"
|
|
"(https://mozilla.github.io/cargo-vet/)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Meanwhile, for each new crate addition, we are checking for the following:"
|
|
msgstr "Mientras tanto, se debe hacer lo siguiente para cada nuevo crate:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Understand why each crate is used. What's the relationship between crates? "
|
|
"If the build system for each crate contains a `build.rs` or procedural "
|
|
"macros, work out what they're for. Are they compatible with the way Chromium "
|
|
"is normally built?"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Entender por qué se usa cada crate. ¿Cuál es la relación entre los crates? "
|
|
"Si el sistema de compilación de cada crate contiene un archivo `build.rs` o "
|
|
"macros de procedimiento, averigua para qué sirven. ¿Son compatibles con la "
|
|
"forma en la que se compila normalmente Chromium?"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md
|
|
msgid "Check each crate seems to be reasonably well maintained"
|
|
msgstr "Comprobar que cada crate tenga un mantenimiento razonable."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Use `cd third-party/rust/chromium_crates_io; cargo audit` to check for known "
|
|
"vulnerabilities (first you'll need to `cargo install cargo-audit`, which "
|
|
"ironically involves downloading lots of dependencies from the internet[2](../"
|
|
"cargo.md))"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Usar `cd third-party/rust/chromium_crates_io; cargo audit` para comprobar si "
|
|
"existen vulnerabilidades (primero se tiene que usar `cargo install cargo-"
|
|
"audit`, lo que, irónicamente, implica descargar muchas dependencias de "
|
|
"Internet[2](../cargo.md))."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Ensure any `unsafe` code is good enough for the [Rule of Two](https://"
|
|
"chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/main/docs/security/rule-of-2."
|
|
"md#unsafe-code-in-safe-languages)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Asegúrate de que cualquier código `unsafe` sea adecuado para la [Regla de "
|
|
"dos](https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/main/docs/security/"
|
|
"rule-of-2.md#unsafe-code-in-safe-languages)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md
|
|
msgid "Check for any use of `fs` or `net` APIs"
|
|
msgstr "Comprobar si se usan las APIs `fs` o `net`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Read all the code at a sufficient level to look for anything out of place "
|
|
"that might have been maliciously inserted. (You can't realistically aim for "
|
|
"100% perfection here: there's often just too much code.)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Leer todo el código con suficiente profundidad para comprobar si hay algo "
|
|
"fuera de lugar que pueda haberse insertado de forma malintencionada. (Es "
|
|
"imposible hacerlo perfecto, ya que, a menudo, hay demasiado código)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/reviews-and-audits.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"These are just guidelines --- work with reviewers from `security@chromium."
|
|
"org` to work out the right way to become confident of the crate."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Estas son solo algunas directrices, trabaja con revisores de "
|
|
"`security@chromium.org` para determinar la forma adecuada de utilizar los "
|
|
"crates."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md
|
|
msgid "Checking Crates into Chromium Source Code"
|
|
msgstr "Comprobar crates en el código fuente de Chromium"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md
|
|
msgid "`git status` should reveal:"
|
|
msgstr "`git status` debe revelar lo siguiente:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md
|
|
msgid "Crate code in `//third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io`"
|
|
msgstr "Código del crate en `//third_party/rust/chromium_crates_io`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Metadata (`BUILD.gn` and `README.chromium`) in `//third_party/rust/<crate>/"
|
|
"<version>`"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Metadatos (`BUILD.gn` y `README.chromium`) en `//third_party/rust/<crate>/"
|
|
"<version>`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md
|
|
msgid "Please also add an `OWNERS` file in the latter location."
|
|
msgstr "Añade también un archivo `OWNERS` en esta última ubicación."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You should land all this, along with your `Cargo.toml` and `gnrt_config."
|
|
"toml` changes, into the Chromium repo."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Deberías llevar todo esto, junto con los cambios de `Cargo.toml` y "
|
|
"`gnrt_config.toml`, al repositorio de Chromium."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"**Important**: you need to use `git add -f` because otherwise `.gitignore` "
|
|
"files may result in some files being skipped."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"**Importante**: Debes usar `git add -f`, de lo contrario, los archivos `."
|
|
"gitignore` pueden provocar que se omitan algunos archivos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/checking-in.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"As you do so, you might find presubmit checks fail because of non-inclusive "
|
|
"language. This is because Rust crate data tends to include names of git "
|
|
"branches, and many projects still use non-inclusive terminology there. So "
|
|
"you may need to run:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si lo haces, es posible que veas que las comprobaciones presubmit no se han "
|
|
"completado porque incluyen lenguaje no inclusivo. Esto se debe a que los "
|
|
"datos de crate de Rust suelen incluir nombres de ramas en git y muchos "
|
|
"proyectos siguen empleando terminología no inclusiva. Por lo tanto, puede "
|
|
"que debas ejecutar lo siguiente:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/chromium/adding-third-party-crates/keeping-up-to-date.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"As the OWNER of any third party Chromium dependency, you are [expected to "
|
|
"keep it up to date with any security fixes](https://chromium.googlesource."
|
|
"com/chromium/src/+/main/docs/adding_to_third_party.md#add-owners). It is "
|
|
"hoped that we will soon automate this for Rust crates, but for now, it's "
|
|
"still your responsibility just as it is for any other third party dependency."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Como PROPIETARIO de cualquier dependencia de Chromium de terceros, [se "
|
|
"espera que la actualices con las correcciones de seguridad](https://chromium."
|
|
"googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/main/docs/adding_to_third_party.md#add-"
|
|
"owners). La idea es que pronto automaticemos esto para los crates de Rust, "
|
|
"pero por ahora sigue siendo tu responsabilidad, igual que cualquier otra "
|
|
"dependencia de terceros."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Add [uwuify](https://crates.io/crates/uwuify) to Chromium, turning off the "
|
|
"crate's [default features](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/"
|
|
"features.html#the-default-feature). Assume that the crate will be used in "
|
|
"shipping Chromium, but won't be used to handle untrustworthy input."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Añade [uwuify](https://crates.io/crates/uwuify) a Chromium para desactivar "
|
|
"las [funciones predeterminadas] del crate (https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/"
|
|
"reference/features.html#the-default-feature). Supongamos que el crate se "
|
|
"usará en el envío de Chromium, pero no para gestionar entradas no fiables."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"(In the next exercise we'll use uwuify from Chromium, but feel free to skip "
|
|
"ahead and do that now if you like. Or, you could create a new "
|
|
"[`rust_executable` target](https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/src/"
|
|
"+/main:build/rust/rust_executable.gni) which uses `uwuify`)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"(En el siguiente ejercicio, usaremos uwuify de Chromium, pero puedes "
|
|
"saltarte este paso y hacerlo ahora si quieres. También puedes crear un nuevo "
|
|
"[destino `rust_executable`](https://source.chromium.org/chromium/chromium/"
|
|
"src/+/main:build/rust/rust_executable.gni) que utilice `uwuify`)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md
|
|
msgid "Students will need to download lots of transitive dependencies."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los participantes tendrán que descargar muchas dependencias transitivas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md
|
|
msgid "The total crates needed are:"
|
|
msgstr "Estos son los crates que se necesitan:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "`instant`,"
|
|
msgstr "Por ejemplo:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md
|
|
msgid "`lock_api`,"
|
|
msgstr "`lock_api`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md
|
|
msgid "`parking_lot`,"
|
|
msgstr "`parking_lot`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md
|
|
msgid "`parking_lot_core`,"
|
|
msgstr "`parking_lot_core`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md
|
|
msgid "`redox_syscall`,"
|
|
msgstr "`redox_syscall`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md
|
|
msgid "`scopeguard`,"
|
|
msgstr "`scopeguard`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md
|
|
msgid "`smallvec`, and"
|
|
msgstr "`smallvec`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md
|
|
msgid "`uwuify`."
|
|
msgstr "`uwuify`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If students are downloading even more than that, they probably forgot to "
|
|
"turn off the default features."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si los alumnos se descargan más datos, seguramente habrán olvidado "
|
|
"desactivar las funciones predeterminadas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/third-party.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Thanks to [Daniel Liu](https://github.com/Daniel-Liu-c0deb0t) for this crate!"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Gracias a [Daniel Liu](https://github.com/Daniel-Liu-c0deb0t) por este crate."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md
|
|
msgid "Bringing It Together --- Exercise"
|
|
msgstr "Poner en práctica todo lo aprendido: ejercicio"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In this exercise, you're going to add a whole new Chromium feature, bringing "
|
|
"together everything you already learned."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En este ejercicio, vas a añadir una función de Chromium completamente nueva "
|
|
"que pondrá en práctica todo lo que hemos aprendido."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md
|
|
msgid "The Brief from Product Management"
|
|
msgstr "Resumen de la gestión de productos"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A community of pixies has been discovered living in a remote rainforest. "
|
|
"It's important that we get Chromium for Pixies delivered to them as soon as "
|
|
"possible."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Se ha descubierto una comunidad de hadas que habita en una selva tropical "
|
|
"remota. Es importante que les enviemos la versión Chromium para hadas lo "
|
|
"antes posible."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The requirement is to translate all Chromium's UI strings into Pixie "
|
|
"language."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El requisito es traducir todas las cadenas de la IU de Chromium al idioma de "
|
|
"las hadas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"There's not time to wait for proper translations, but fortunately pixie "
|
|
"language is very close to English, and it turns out there's a Rust crate "
|
|
"which does the translation."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"No hay tiempo para obtener las traducciones adecuadas pero, por suerte, el "
|
|
"lenguaje de las hadas se parece mucho al inglés y hay un crate de Rust que "
|
|
"hace las traducciones."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In fact, you already [imported that crate in the previous exercise](https://"
|
|
"crates.io/crates/uwuify)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"De hecho, ya [importamos ese crate en el ejercicio anterior](https://crates."
|
|
"io/crates/uwuify)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"(Obviously, real translations of Chrome require incredible care and "
|
|
"diligence. Don't ship this!)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"(Obviamente, las traducciones reales de Chrome requieren mucha atención y "
|
|
"diligencia. No envíes nada de esto)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md
|
|
msgid "Steps"
|
|
msgstr "Pasos"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Modify `ResourceBundle::MaybeMangleLocalizedString` so that it uwuifies all "
|
|
"strings before display. In this special build of Chromium, it should always "
|
|
"do this irrespective of the setting of `mangle_localized_strings_`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Modifica `ResourceBundle::RSMangleLocalizedString` para que traduzca todas "
|
|
"las cadenas antes de que se muestren. En esta compilación especial de "
|
|
"Chromium, siempre se debe hacer esto independientemente de la configuración "
|
|
"de `mangle_localized_strings_`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If you've done everything right across all these exercises, congratulations, "
|
|
"you should have created Chrome for pixies!"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si has hecho correctamente los ejercicios, habrás creado Chrome para hadas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"UTF16 vs UTF8. Students should be aware that Rust strings are always UTF8, "
|
|
"and will probably decide that it's better to do the conversion on the C++ "
|
|
"side using `base::UTF16ToUTF8` and back again."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"UTF16 y UTF8. Los alumnos deben tener en cuenta que las cadenas de Rust "
|
|
"siempre son UTF8. Probablemente decidirán que es mejor hacer la conversión "
|
|
"en C++ usando `base::UTF16ToUTF8` y viceversa."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If students decide to do the conversion on the Rust side, they'll need to "
|
|
"consider [`String::from_utf16`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/struct."
|
|
"String.html#method.from_utf16), consider error handling, and consider which "
|
|
"[CXX supported types can transfer a lot of u16s](https://cxx.rs/binding/"
|
|
"slice.html)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si los participantes deciden hacer la conversión en Rust, deberán tener en "
|
|
"cuenta [`String::from_utf16`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/string/struct."
|
|
"String.html#method.from_utf16), la gestión de errores y los [tipos "
|
|
"compatibles con CXX que pueden transferir un gran número de u16s](https://"
|
|
"cxx.rs/binding/slice.html)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Students may design the C++/Rust boundary in several different ways, e.g. "
|
|
"taking and returning strings by value, or taking a mutable reference to a "
|
|
"string. If a mutable reference is used, CXX will likely tell the student "
|
|
"that they need to use [`Pin`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/pin/). You may "
|
|
"need to explain what `Pin` does, and then explain why CXX needs it for "
|
|
"mutable references to C++ data: the answer is that C++ data can't be moved "
|
|
"around like Rust data, because it may contain self-referential pointers."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los alumnos pueden diseñar el límite de C++ o Rust de varias formas "
|
|
"diferentes, por ejemplo, tomando y devolviendo cadenas por valor o colocando "
|
|
"una referencia mutable en una cadena. Si se utiliza una referencia mutable, "
|
|
"es probable que CXX indique que se debe usar [`Pin`](https://doc.rust-lang."
|
|
"org/std/pin/). Puede que debas explicar qué hace `Pin` y, a continuación, "
|
|
"explicar por qué CXX lo necesita para referencias mutables a datos de C++. "
|
|
"La respuesta es que los datos de C++ no se pueden mover como los datos de "
|
|
"Rust, ya que pueden contener punteros de autorreferencia."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The C++ target containing `ResourceBundle::MaybeMangleLocalizedString` will "
|
|
"need to depend on a `rust_static_library` target. The student probably "
|
|
"already did this."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El elemento de destino de C++ que contiene `ResourceBundle::"
|
|
"MaybeMangleLocalizedString` deberá depender de un elemento "
|
|
"`rust_static_library`. Seguramente los alumnos ya lo hayan hecho."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/bringing-it-together.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `rust_static_library` target will need to depend on `//third_party/rust/"
|
|
"uwuify/v0_2:lib`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`rust_static_library` deberá depender de `//third_party/rust/uwuify/v0_2:"
|
|
"lib`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/chromium/solutions.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Solutions to the Chromium exercises can be found in [this series of CLs]"
|
|
"(https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/chromium/src/+/5096560)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Las soluciones a los ejercicios de Chromium están en [esta serie de listas "
|
|
"de cambios](https://chromium-review.googlesource.com/c/chromium/src/"
|
|
"+/5096560)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal.md
|
|
msgid "Welcome to Bare Metal Rust"
|
|
msgstr "Te damos la bienvenida a Bare Metal Rust"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This is a standalone one-day course about bare-metal Rust, aimed at people "
|
|
"who are familiar with the basics of Rust (perhaps from completing the "
|
|
"Comprehensive Rust course), and ideally also have some experience with bare-"
|
|
"metal programming in some other language such as C."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Este es un curso independiente de un día sobre Rust bare-metal, dirigido a "
|
|
"personas que están familiarizadas con los conceptos básicos de Rust (tal vez "
|
|
"después de completar el curso Comprehensive Rust). Lo ideal sería que "
|
|
"también tuvieran experiencia con la programación bare-metal en otros "
|
|
"lenguajes, como C."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Today we will talk about 'bare-metal' Rust: running Rust code without an OS "
|
|
"underneath us. This will be divided into several parts:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Hoy vamos a hablar de Rust \"bare-metal\": ejecutar código de Rust sin un "
|
|
"sistema operativo. Se dividirá en varias partes:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal.md
|
|
msgid "What is `no_std` Rust?"
|
|
msgstr "¿Qué es `no_std` en Rust?"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal.md
|
|
msgid "Writing firmware for microcontrollers."
|
|
msgstr "Escribir firmware para microcontroladores."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal.md
|
|
msgid "Writing bootloader / kernel code for application processors."
|
|
msgstr "Escribir código bootloader o kernel para procesadores de aplicaciones."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal.md
|
|
msgid "Some useful crates for bare-metal Rust development."
|
|
msgstr "Algunos crates útiles para el desarrollo de Rust bare-metal."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"For the microcontroller part of the course we will use the [BBC micro:bit]"
|
|
"(https://microbit.org/) v2 as an example. It's a [development board](https://"
|
|
"tech.microbit.org/hardware/) based on the Nordic nRF51822 microcontroller "
|
|
"with some LEDs and buttons, an I2C-connected accelerometer and compass, and "
|
|
"an on-board SWD debugger."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En la parte del curso dedicada a los microcontroladores, utilizaremos la "
|
|
"versión 2 de [BBC micro:bit](https://microbit.org/) como ejemplo. Es una "
|
|
"[placa de desarrollo](https://tech.microbit.org/hardware/) basada en el "
|
|
"microcontrolador Nordic nRF51822 con algunos LED y botones, un acelerómetro "
|
|
"y una brújula conectados mediante I2C y un depurador SWD integrado."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"To get started, install some tools we'll need later. On gLinux or Debian:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Para empezar, instala algunas de las herramientas que necesitarás más "
|
|
"adelante. En gLinux o Debian:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"And give users in the `plugdev` group access to the micro:bit programmer:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Permite a los usuarios del grupo `plugdev` acceder al programador micro:bit:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal.md src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md
|
|
msgid "On MacOS:"
|
|
msgstr "En MacOS:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
|
|
msgid "`core`"
|
|
msgstr "`core`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
|
|
msgid "`std`"
|
|
msgstr "`std`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
|
|
msgid "Slices, `&str`, `CStr`"
|
|
msgstr "Slices, `&str`, `CStr`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
|
|
msgid "`NonZeroU8`..."
|
|
msgstr "`NonZeroU8`..."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
|
|
msgid "`Option`, `Result`"
|
|
msgstr "`Option`, `Result`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
|
|
msgid "`Display`, `Debug`, `write!`..."
|
|
msgstr "`Display`, `Debug`, `write!`..."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
|
|
msgid "`panic!`, `assert_eq!`..."
|
|
msgstr "`panic!`, `assert_eq!`..."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
|
|
msgid "`NonNull` and all the usual pointer-related functions"
|
|
msgstr "`NonNull` y todas las funciones relacionadas con punteros habituales"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
|
|
msgid "`Future` and `async`/`await`"
|
|
msgstr "`Future` and `async`/`await`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
|
|
msgid "`fence`, `AtomicBool`, `AtomicPtr`, `AtomicU32`..."
|
|
msgstr "`fence`, `AtomicBool`, `AtomicPtr`, `AtomicU32`..."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
|
|
msgid "`Duration`"
|
|
msgstr "`Duration`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
|
|
msgid "`Box`, `Cow`, `Arc`, `Rc`"
|
|
msgstr "`Box`, `Cow`, `Arc`, `Rc`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
|
|
msgid "`Vec`, `BinaryHeap`, `BtreeMap`, `LinkedList`, `VecDeque`"
|
|
msgstr "`Vec`, `BinaryHeap`, `BtreeMap`, `LinkedList`, `VecDeque`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
|
|
msgid "`String`, `CString`, `format!`"
|
|
msgstr "`String`, `CString`, `format!`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
|
|
msgid "`Error`"
|
|
msgstr "`Error`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
|
|
msgid "`Mutex`, `Condvar`, `Barrier`, `Once`, `RwLock`, `mpsc`"
|
|
msgstr "`Mutex`, `Condvar`, `Barrier`, `Once`, `RwLock`, `mpsc`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
|
|
msgid "`File` and the rest of `fs`"
|
|
msgstr "`File` y el resto de `fs`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
|
|
msgid "`println!`, `Read`, `Write`, `Stdin`, `Stdout` and the rest of `io`"
|
|
msgstr "`println!`, `Read`, `Write`, `Stdin`, `Stdout` y el resto de `io`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
|
|
msgid "`Path`, `OsString`"
|
|
msgstr "`Path`, `OsString`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
|
|
msgid "`net`"
|
|
msgstr "`net`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
|
|
msgid "`Command`, `Child`, `ExitCode`"
|
|
msgstr "`Command`, `Child`, `ExitCode`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
|
|
msgid "`spawn`, `sleep` and the rest of `thread`"
|
|
msgstr "`spawn`, `sleep` y el resto de `thread`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
|
|
msgid "`SystemTime`, `Instant`"
|
|
msgstr "`SystemTime`, `Instant`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
|
|
msgid "`HashMap` depends on RNG."
|
|
msgstr "`HashMap` depende de RNG."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/no_std.md
|
|
msgid "`std` re-exports the contents of both `core` and `alloc`."
|
|
msgstr "`std` vuelve a exportar el contenido de `core` y `alloc`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/minimal.md
|
|
msgid "A minimal `no_std` program"
|
|
msgstr "Un programa `no_std` mínimo"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/minimal.md
|
|
msgid "This will compile to an empty binary."
|
|
msgstr "Se compilará en un binario vacío."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/minimal.md
|
|
msgid "`std` provides a panic handler; without it we must provide our own."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`std` proporciona un controlador de _panic_; sin no hay, debemos "
|
|
"proporcionar uno nuestro."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/minimal.md
|
|
msgid "It can also be provided by another crate, such as `panic-halt`."
|
|
msgstr "También puede proporcionarlo otro crate, como `panic-halt`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/minimal.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Depending on the target, you may need to compile with `panic = \"abort\"` to "
|
|
"avoid an error about `eh_personality`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Dependiendo del objetivo, es posible que tengas que compilar con `panic = "
|
|
"\"abort\"` para evitar un error sobre `eh_personality`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/minimal.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Note that there is no `main` or any other entry point; it's up to you to "
|
|
"define your own entry point. This will typically involve a linker script and "
|
|
"some assembly code to set things up ready for Rust code to run."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ten en cuenta que no hay `main` ni ningún otro punto de entrada; depende de "
|
|
"ti definir un punto de entrada propio. Esto suele implicar una secuencia de "
|
|
"comandos de enlazador y algún código de ensamblado de forma que todo esté "
|
|
"preparado para que se ejecute el código de Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"To use `alloc` you must implement a [global (heap) allocator](https://doc."
|
|
"rust-lang.org/stable/std/alloc/trait.GlobalAlloc.html)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Para utilizar `alloc`, debes implementar un [asignador global (de _heap_)]"
|
|
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/alloc/trait.GlobalAlloc.html)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// Safe because `HEAP` is only used here and `entry` is only called once.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// Es seguro porque `HEAP` solo se usa aquí y solo se llama una vez a "
|
|
"`entry`.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md
|
|
msgid "// Give the allocator some memory to allocate.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Proporciona al asignador algo de memoria para asignar.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md
|
|
msgid "// Now we can do things that require heap allocation.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// Ahora podemos llevar a cabo acciones que requieran la asignación de "
|
|
"montículo.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "\"A string\""
|
|
msgstr "String"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`buddy_system_allocator` is a third-party crate implementing a basic buddy "
|
|
"system allocator. Other crates are available, or you can write your own or "
|
|
"hook into your existing allocator."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`buddy_system_allocator` es un crate de terceros que implementa un _buddy "
|
|
"system allocator_ (una técnica de asignación de memoria) básico. Hay otros "
|
|
"crates disponibles, pero también puedes escribir el tuyo propio o conectarte "
|
|
"a tu asignador."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The const parameter of `LockedHeap` is the max order of the allocator; i.e. "
|
|
"in this case it can allocate regions of up to 2\\*\\*32 bytes."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El parámetro const de `LockedHeap` es el orden máximo del asignador. Es "
|
|
"decir, en este caso, puede asignar regiones de hasta 2\\*\\*32 bytes."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If any crate in your dependency tree depends on `alloc` then you must have "
|
|
"exactly one global allocator defined in your binary. Usually this is done in "
|
|
"the top-level binary crate."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si algún crate del árbol de dependencias depende de `alloc`, debes tener "
|
|
"exactamente un asignador global definido en el binario. Esto se suele hacer "
|
|
"en el crate binario de nivel superior."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`extern crate panic_halt as _` is necessary to ensure that the `panic_halt` "
|
|
"crate is linked in so we get its panic handler."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`extern crate panic_halt as _` es necesario para asegurar que el crate "
|
|
"`panic_halt` esté vinculado y así podamos obtener su controlador de _panic_."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/alloc.md
|
|
msgid "This example will build but not run, as it doesn't have an entry point."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Este ejemplo se compilará pero no se ejecutará, ya que no cuenta con un "
|
|
"punto de entrada."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `cortex_m_rt` crate provides (among other things) a reset handler for "
|
|
"Cortex M microcontrollers."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El crate `cortex_m_rt` proporciona (entre otras cosas) un controlador de "
|
|
"reinicio para microcontroladores Cortex M."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Next we'll look at how to access peripherals, with increasing levels of "
|
|
"abstraction."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"A continuación, veremos cómo se accede a los periféricos con niveles de "
|
|
"abstracción cada vez mayores."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `cortex_m_rt::entry` macro requires that the function have type `fn() -"
|
|
"> !`, because returning to the reset handler doesn't make sense."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La macro `cortex_m_rt::entry` requiere que la función tenga el tipo `fn() -"
|
|
"> !`, ya que no tiene sentido devolver resultados al controlador de reinicio."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers.md
|
|
msgid "Run the example with `cargo embed --bin minimal`"
|
|
msgstr "Ejecuta el ejemplo con `cargo embed --bin minimal`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Most microcontrollers access peripherals via memory-mapped IO. Let's try "
|
|
"turning on an LED on our micro:bit:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La mayoría de los microcontroladores acceden a los periféricos a través de E/"
|
|
"S asignada a la memoria. Vamos a probar a encender un LED en nuestro micro:"
|
|
"bit:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md
|
|
msgid "/// GPIO port 0 peripheral address\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Dirección de periférico del puerto GPIO 0\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md
|
|
msgid "// GPIO peripheral offsets\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Offset de periféricos GPIO\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md
|
|
msgid "// PIN_CNF fields\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Campos PIN_CNF\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md
|
|
msgid "// Configure GPIO 0 pins 21 and 28 as push-pull outputs.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Configura los pines 21 y 28 de GPIO 0 como salidas push-pull.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// Safe because the pointers are to valid peripheral control registers, and\n"
|
|
" // no aliases exist.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// Es seguro porque los punteros dirigen a registros de control de "
|
|
"periféricos válidos y\n"
|
|
" // no existe ningún alias.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md
|
|
msgid "// Set pin 28 low and pin 21 high to turn the LED on.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Define el pin 28 bajo y 21 alto para encender el LED.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"GPIO 0 pin 21 is connected to the first column of the LED matrix, and pin 28 "
|
|
"to the first row."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El pin 21 de GPIO 0 está conectado a la primera columna de la matriz de LED "
|
|
"y el pin 28 a la primera fila."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/mmio.md
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/board-support.md
|
|
msgid "Run the example with:"
|
|
msgstr "Ejecuta el ejemplo con:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md
|
|
msgid "Peripheral Access Crates"
|
|
msgstr "Crates de Acceso Periférico"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[`svd2rust`](https://crates.io/crates/svd2rust) generates mostly-safe Rust "
|
|
"wrappers for memory-mapped peripherals from [CMSIS-SVD](https://www.keil.com/"
|
|
"pack/doc/CMSIS/SVD/html/index.html) files."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[`svd2rust`](https://crates.io/crates/svd2rust) genera, en su gran mayoría, "
|
|
"envoltorios seguros de Rust para periféricos asignados a la memoria a partir "
|
|
"de archivos [CMSIS-SVD](https://www.keil.com/pack/doc/CMSIS/SVD/html/index."
|
|
"html)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"SVD (System View Description) files are XML files typically provided by "
|
|
"silicon vendors which describe the memory map of the device."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los archivos SVD (System View Description) son archivos XML que suelen "
|
|
"proporcionar los proveedores de silicio y que describen el mapa de memoria "
|
|
"del dispositivo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"They are organised by peripheral, register, field and value, with names, "
|
|
"descriptions, addresses and so on."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Se organizan por periférico, registro, campo y valor, con nombres, "
|
|
"descripciones y direcciones, etc."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"SVD files are often buggy and incomplete, so there are various projects "
|
|
"which patch the mistakes, add missing details, and publish the generated "
|
|
"crates."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los archivos SVD suelen tener errores y estar incompletos, por lo que "
|
|
"existen varios proyectos que aplican parches a los errores, añaden detalles "
|
|
"que faltan y publican los crates generados."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md
|
|
msgid "`cortex-m-rt` provides the vector table, among other things."
|
|
msgstr "`cortex-m-rt` proporciona la tabla de vectores, entre otras cosas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/pacs.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If you `cargo install cargo-binutils` then you can run `cargo objdump --bin "
|
|
"pac -- -d --no-show-raw-insn` to see the resulting binary."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si instalas `cargo install cargo-binutils` puedes ejecutar `cargo objdump --"
|
|
"bin pac -- -d --no-show-raw-insn` para ver el binario resultante."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md
|
|
msgid "HAL crates"
|
|
msgstr "Crates HAL"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[HAL crates](https://github.com/rust-embedded/awesome-embedded-rust#hal-"
|
|
"implementation-crates) for many microcontrollers provide wrappers around "
|
|
"various peripherals. These generally implement traits from [`embedded-hal`]"
|
|
"(https://crates.io/crates/embedded-hal)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Los crates HAL](https://github.com/rust-embedded/awesome-embedded-rust#hal-"
|
|
"implementation-crates) de muchos microcontroladores incluyen envoltorios "
|
|
"alrededor de varios periféricos. Por lo general, implementan traits de "
|
|
"[`embedded-hal`](https://crates.io/crates/embedded-hal)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md
|
|
msgid "// Create HAL wrapper for GPIO port 0.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Crea un envoltorio HAL para el puerto GPIO 0.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`set_low` and `set_high` are methods on the `embedded_hal` `OutputPin` trait."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`set_low` y `set_high` son métodos del trait `OutputPin` de `embedded_hal`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/hals.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"HAL crates exist for many Cortex-M and RISC-V devices, including various "
|
|
"STM32, GD32, nRF, NXP, MSP430, AVR and PIC microcontrollers."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Hay crates HAL para muchos dispositivos Cortex-M y RISC-V, incluidos varios "
|
|
"microcontroladores STM32, GD32, nRF, NXP, MSP430, AVR y PIC."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/board-support.md
|
|
msgid "Board support crates"
|
|
msgstr "Crates de compatibilidad de placa"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/board-support.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Board support crates provide a further level of wrapping for a specific "
|
|
"board for convenience."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los crates de compatibilidad de placa proporcionan un nivel adicional de "
|
|
"envoltorio a una placa específica para mayor comodidad."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/board-support.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In this case the board support crate is just providing more useful names, "
|
|
"and a bit of initialisation."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En este caso, el crate de compatibilidad de placa proporciona solo nombres "
|
|
"más útiles y un poco de inicialización."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/board-support.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The crate may also include drivers for some on-board devices outside of the "
|
|
"microcontroller itself."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El crate también puede incluir controladores para algunos dispositivos "
|
|
"integrados fuera del propio microcontrolador ."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/board-support.md
|
|
msgid "`microbit-v2` includes a simple driver for the LED matrix."
|
|
msgstr "`microbit-v2` incluye un controlador sencillo para la matriz de LED."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md
|
|
msgid "The type state pattern"
|
|
msgstr "El patrón de tipo de estado"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md
|
|
msgid "// let gpio0_01_again = gpio0.p0_01; // Error, moved.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// let gpio0_01_again = gpio0.p0_01; // Error, se ha movido.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md
|
|
msgid "// pin_input.is_high(); // Error, moved.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// pin_input.is_high(); // Error, se ha movido.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Pins don't implement `Copy` or `Clone`, so only one instance of each can "
|
|
"exist. Once a pin is moved out of the port struct nobody else can take it."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los pines no implementan `Copy` ni `Clone`, por lo que solo puede haber una "
|
|
"instancia de cada uno. Cuando se quita un pin de la estructura del puerto, "
|
|
"nadie más puede usarlo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Changing the configuration of a pin consumes the old pin instance, so you "
|
|
"can’t keep use the old instance afterwards."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si cambias la configuración de un pin, se consumirá la instancia del pin "
|
|
"anterior y no podrás seguir usando la instancia previa."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The type of a value indicates the state that it is in: e.g. in this case, "
|
|
"the configuration state of a GPIO pin. This encodes the state machine into "
|
|
"the type system, and ensures that you don't try to use a pin in a certain "
|
|
"way without properly configuring it first. Illegal state transitions are "
|
|
"caught at compile time."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El tipo de un valor indica el estado en el que se encuentra: por ejemplo, en "
|
|
"este caso, el estado de configuración de un pin de GPIO. De esta manera, se "
|
|
"codifica la máquina de estados en el sistema de tipos, asegurando así que no "
|
|
"se use un pin de cierta forma sin antes configurarlo correctamente. Las "
|
|
"transiciones de estado ilegales se detectan durante el tiempo de compilación."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You can call `is_high` on an input pin and `set_high` on an output pin, but "
|
|
"not vice-versa."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Puedes llamar a `is_high` en un pin de entrada y a `set_high` en un pin de "
|
|
"salida, pero no al revés."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/type-state.md
|
|
msgid "Many HAL crates follow this pattern."
|
|
msgstr "Muchos crates HAL siguen este patrón."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The [`embedded-hal`](https://crates.io/crates/embedded-hal) crate provides a "
|
|
"number of traits covering common microcontroller peripherals."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El crate [`embedded-hal`](https://crates.io/crates/embedded-hal) proporciona "
|
|
"una serie de traits que cubren los periféricos habituales de los "
|
|
"microcontroladores."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md
|
|
msgid "GPIO"
|
|
msgstr "GPIO"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md
|
|
msgid "ADC"
|
|
msgstr "ADC"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md
|
|
msgid "I2C, SPI, UART, CAN"
|
|
msgstr "I2C, SPI, UART, CAN"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md
|
|
msgid "RNG"
|
|
msgstr "RNG"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md
|
|
msgid "Timers"
|
|
msgstr "Temporizadores"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md
|
|
msgid "Watchdogs"
|
|
msgstr "Watchdogs"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Other crates then implement [drivers](https://github.com/rust-embedded/"
|
|
"awesome-embedded-rust#driver-crates) in terms of these traits, e.g. an "
|
|
"accelerometer driver might need an I2C or SPI bus implementation."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Es entonces cuando otros crates implementan [controladores](https://github."
|
|
"com/rust-embedded/awesome-embedded-rust#driver-crates) en función de estos "
|
|
"traits. Por ejemplo, un controlador de acelerómetro podría necesitar una "
|
|
"implementación de bus I2C o SPI."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"There are implementations for many microcontrollers, as well as other "
|
|
"platforms such as Linux on Raspberry Pi."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Hay implementaciones para muchos microcontroladores, así como otras "
|
|
"plataformas como Linux en Raspberry Pi."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/embedded-hal.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"There is work in progress on an `async` version of `embedded-hal`, but it "
|
|
"isn't stable yet."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Se está trabajando en una versión `async` de `embedded-hal`, pero aún no es "
|
|
"estable."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[probe-rs](https://probe.rs/) is a handy toolset for embedded debugging, "
|
|
"like OpenOCD but better integrated."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[probe-rs](https://probe.rs/) es un conjunto de herramientas de depuración "
|
|
"integradas muy útil, como OpenOCD, pero mejor integrado."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"SWD (Serial Wire Debug) and JTAG via CMSIS-DAP, ST-Link and J-Link probes"
|
|
msgstr " y JTAG a través de comprobaciones CMSIS-DAP, ST-Link y J-Link"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md
|
|
msgid "GDB stub and Microsoft DAP (Debug Adapter Protocol) server"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Stub de GDB y servidor de Microsoft DAP (protocolo de adaptador de "
|
|
"depuración)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md
|
|
msgid "Cargo integration"
|
|
msgstr "Integración de Cargo"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`cargo-embed` is a cargo subcommand to build and flash binaries, log RTT "
|
|
"(Real Time Transfers) output and connect GDB. It's configured by an `Embed."
|
|
"toml` file in your project directory."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
" y conectar GDB. Se configura mediante un archivo `Embed.toml` en el "
|
|
"directorio del proyecto."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[CMSIS-DAP](https://arm-software.github.io/CMSIS_5/DAP/html/index.html) is "
|
|
"an Arm standard protocol over USB for an in-circuit debugger to access the "
|
|
"CoreSight Debug Access Port of various Arm Cortex processors. It's what the "
|
|
"on-board debugger on the BBC micro:bit uses."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[CMSIS-DAP](https://arm-software.github.io/CMSIS_5/DAP/html/index.html) es "
|
|
"un protocolo estándar de Arm mediante USB que permite que un depurador en "
|
|
"circuito acceda al puerto de acceso de depuración CoreSight de varios "
|
|
"procesadores Cortex de Arm. Es lo que utiliza el depurador integrado en el "
|
|
"BBC micro:bit"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"ST-Link is a range of in-circuit debuggers from ST Microelectronics, J-Link "
|
|
"is a range from SEGGER."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"ST-Link es una gama de depuradores en circuito de ST Microelectronics. J-"
|
|
"Link es una gama de SEGGER."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The Debug Access Port is usually either a 5-pin JTAG interface or 2-pin "
|
|
"Serial Wire Debug."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El puerto de acceso de depuración suele ser una interfaz JTAG de 5 pines o "
|
|
"una SWD de 2 pines."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"probe-rs is a library which you can integrate into your own tools if you "
|
|
"want to."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"probe-rs es una biblioteca que puedes integrar en tus propias herramientas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The [Microsoft Debug Adapter Protocol](https://microsoft.github.io/debug-"
|
|
"adapter-protocol/) lets VSCode and other IDEs debug code running on any "
|
|
"supported microcontroller."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[El protocolo de adaptador de depuración de Microsoft](https://microsoft."
|
|
"github.io/debug-adapter-protocol/) permite que VSCode y otros IDEs depuren "
|
|
"el código que se ejecuta en cualquier microcontrolador compatible."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md
|
|
msgid "cargo-embed is a binary built using the probe-rs library."
|
|
msgstr "cargo-embed es un binario compilado con la biblioteca probe-rs."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/probe-rs.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"RTT (Real Time Transfers) is a mechanism to transfer data between the debug "
|
|
"host and the target through a number of ringbuffers."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"TTR (transferencias en tiempo real) es un mecanismo para transferir datos "
|
|
"entre el host de depuración y el objetivo a través de una serie de búferes "
|
|
"circulares."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "_Embed.toml_:"
|
|
msgstr "Embed.toml:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md
|
|
msgid "In one terminal under `src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/examples/`:"
|
|
msgstr "En un terminal en `src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/examples/`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md
|
|
msgid "In another terminal in the same directory:"
|
|
msgstr "En otro terminal del mismo directorio:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md
|
|
msgid "On gLinux or Debian:"
|
|
msgstr "En gLinux o Debian:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/debugging.md
|
|
msgid "In GDB, try running:"
|
|
msgstr "En GDB, prueba a ejecutar:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md
|
|
msgid "Other projects"
|
|
msgstr "Otros proyectos"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md
|
|
msgid "[RTIC](https://rtic.rs/)"
|
|
msgstr "[RTIC](https://rtic.rs/)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md
|
|
msgid "\"Real-Time Interrupt-driven Concurrency\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Concurrencia en tiempo real basada en interrupciones\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Shared resource management, message passing, task scheduling, timer queue"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Gestión de recursos compartidos, envío de mensajes, programación de tareas, "
|
|
"cola del temporizador, etc."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md
|
|
msgid "[Embassy](https://embassy.dev/)"
|
|
msgstr "[Embassy](https://embassy.dev/)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md
|
|
msgid "`async` executors with priorities, timers, networking, USB"
|
|
msgstr "Ejecutores `async` con prioridades, temporizadores, redes, USB, etc."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md
|
|
msgid "[TockOS](https://www.tockos.org/documentation/getting-started)"
|
|
msgstr "[TockOS](https://www.tockos.org/documentation/getting-started)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Security-focused RTOS with preemptive scheduling and Memory Protection Unit "
|
|
"support"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"RTOS centrado en la seguridad con programación interrumpible y "
|
|
"compatibilidad con la unidad de protección de memoria."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md
|
|
msgid "[Hubris](https://hubris.oxide.computer/)"
|
|
msgstr "[Hubris](https://hubris.oxide.computer/)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Microkernel RTOS from Oxide Computer Company with memory protection, "
|
|
"unprivileged drivers, IPC"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"RTOS de microkernel de Oxide Computer Company con protección de memoria, "
|
|
"controladores sin privilegios, IPC, etc."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md
|
|
msgid "[Bindings for FreeRTOS](https://github.com/lobaro/FreeRTOS-rust)"
|
|
msgstr "[Enlaces para FreeRTOS](https://github.com/lobaro/FreeRTOS-rust)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Some platforms have `std` implementations, e.g. [esp-idf](https://esp-rs."
|
|
"github.io/book/overview/using-the-standard-library.html)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Algunas plataformas tienen implementaciones `std`, como [esp-idf](https://"
|
|
"esp-rs.github.io/book/overview/using-the-standard-library.html)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md
|
|
msgid "RTIC can be considered either an RTOS or a concurrency framework."
|
|
msgstr "RTIC se puede considerar un RTOS o un framework de concurrencia."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md
|
|
msgid "It doesn't include any HALs."
|
|
msgstr "No incluye ningún HAL."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"It uses the Cortex-M NVIC (Nested Virtual Interrupt Controller) for "
|
|
"scheduling rather than a proper kernel."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Usa el NVIC (controlador de interrupción virtual anidado) Cortex‐M para la "
|
|
"programación en lugar de un kernel propio."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md
|
|
msgid "Cortex-M only."
|
|
msgstr "Solo Cortex-M."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Google uses TockOS on the Haven microcontroller for Titan security keys."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Google utiliza TockOS en el microcontrolador Haven para las llaves de "
|
|
"seguridad Titan."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/microcontrollers/other-projects.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"FreeRTOS is mostly written in C, but there are Rust bindings for writing "
|
|
"applications."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"FreeRTOS está escrito principalmente en C, pero hay enlaces de Rust para "
|
|
"aplicaciones de escritura."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/morning.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"We will read the direction from an I2C compass, and log the readings to a "
|
|
"serial port."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Leeremos la dirección desde una brújula I2C, y registraremos las lecturas en "
|
|
"un puerto serie."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/morning.md src/exercises/concurrency/morning.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"After looking at the exercises, you can look at the [solutions](solutions-"
|
|
"morning.md) provided."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Después de realizar los ejercicios, puedes consultar las [soluciones]"
|
|
"(solutions-morning.md) correspondientes."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"We will read the direction from an I2C compass, and log the readings to a "
|
|
"serial port. If you have time, try displaying it on the LEDs somehow too, or "
|
|
"use the buttons somehow."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Leeremos la dirección desde una brújula I2C, y registraremos las lecturas en "
|
|
"un puerto serie. Si tienes tiempo, prueba a mostrarlo también en los LED o "
|
|
"usa los botones de alguna forma."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md
|
|
msgid "Hints:"
|
|
msgstr "Sugerencias:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Check the documentation for the [`lsm303agr`](https://docs.rs/lsm303agr/"
|
|
"latest/lsm303agr/) and [`microbit-v2`](https://docs.rs/microbit-v2/latest/"
|
|
"microbit/) crates, as well as the [micro:bit hardware](https://tech.microbit."
|
|
"org/hardware/)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Consulta la documentación sobre los crates [`lsm303agr`](https://docs.rs/"
|
|
"lsm303agr/latest/lsm303agr/) y [`microbit-v2`](https://docs.rs/microbit-v2/"
|
|
"latest/microbit/), así como [el hardware de micro:bit](https://tech.microbit."
|
|
"org/hardware/)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The LSM303AGR Inertial Measurement Unit is connected to the internal I2C bus."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La unidad de medición inercial LSM303AGR está conectada al bus I2C interno."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"TWI is another name for I2C, so the I2C master peripheral is called TWIM."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"TWI es otro nombre para I2C, por lo que el periférico I2C maestro se llama "
|
|
"TWIM."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The LSM303AGR driver needs something implementing the `embedded_hal::"
|
|
"blocking::i2c::WriteRead` trait. The [`microbit::hal::Twim`](https://docs.rs/"
|
|
"microbit-v2/latest/microbit/hal/struct.Twim.html) struct implements this."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El controlador LSM303AGR necesita algo que implemente el trait "
|
|
"`embedded_hal::blocking::i2c::WriteRead`. La estructura [`microbit::hal::"
|
|
"Twim`](https://docs.rs/microbit-v2/latest/microbit/hal/struct.Twim.html) "
|
|
"implementa esto."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You have a [`microbit::Board`](https://docs.rs/microbit-v2/latest/microbit/"
|
|
"struct.Board.html) struct with fields for the various pins and peripherals."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Tienes una estructura [`microbit::Board`](https://docs.rs/microbit-v2/latest/"
|
|
"microbit/struct.Board.html) con campos para los distintos pines y "
|
|
"periféricos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You can also look at the [nRF52833 datasheet](https://infocenter.nordicsemi."
|
|
"com/pdf/nRF52833_PS_v1.5.pdf) if you want, but it shouldn't be necessary for "
|
|
"this exercise."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"También puedes consultar la \\[hoja de datos nRF52833\\][nRF52833 datasheet]"
|
|
"(https://infocenter.nordicsemi.com/pdf/nRF52833_PS_v1.5.pdf) si quieres, "
|
|
"pero no debería ser necesario para este ejercicio."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Download the [exercise template](../../comprehensive-rust-exercises.zip) and "
|
|
"look in the `compass` directory for the following files."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Descarga la [plantilla de ejercicio](../../comprehensive-rust-exercises.zip) "
|
|
"y busca los siguientes archivos en el directorio `compass`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "_src/main.rs_:"
|
|
msgstr "`src/main.rs`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md
|
|
msgid "// Configure serial port.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Configura el puerto serie.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md
|
|
msgid "// Use the system timer as a delay provider.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Usa el temporizador del sistema como proveedor de retrasos.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// Set up the I2C controller and Inertial Measurement Unit.\n"
|
|
" // TODO\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// Configura el controlador I2C y la unidad de medición inercial.\n"
|
|
" // TAREA\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md
|
|
msgid "\"Ready.\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Listo.\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// Read compass data and log it to the serial port.\n"
|
|
" // TODO\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// Lee datos de la brújula y regístralos en el puerto serie.\n"
|
|
" // TAREA\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "_Cargo.toml_ (you shouldn't need to change this):"
|
|
msgstr "`Cargo.toml` (no debería ser necesario cambiarlo):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "_Embed.toml_ (you shouldn't need to change this):"
|
|
msgstr "`Embed.toml` (no debería ser necesario cambiarlo):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "_.cargo/config.toml_ (you shouldn't need to change this):"
|
|
msgstr "`.cargo/config.toml` (no debería ser necesario cambiarlo):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md
|
|
msgid "See the serial output on Linux with:"
|
|
msgstr "Consulta la salida de serie en Linux con:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Or on Mac OS something like (the device name may be slightly different):"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En Mac OS debería ser algo como lo siguiente (el nombre del dispositivo "
|
|
"puede ser algo diferente):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/compass.md
|
|
msgid "Use Ctrl+A Ctrl+Q to quit picocom."
|
|
msgstr "Pulsa Ctrl+A Ctrl+Q para salir de Picocom."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md
|
|
msgid "Bare Metal Rust Morning Exercise"
|
|
msgstr "Rust Bare Metal: Ejercicio de la Mañana"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md
|
|
msgid "([back to exercise](compass.md))"
|
|
msgstr "([volver al ejercicio](compass.md))"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md
|
|
msgid "// Set up the I2C controller and Inertial Measurement Unit.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Configura el controlador de I2C y la unidad de medición inercial.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md
|
|
msgid "\"Setting up IMU...\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Configurando IMU...\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md
|
|
msgid "// Set up display and timer.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Configura la pantalla y el temporizador.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md
|
|
msgid "// Read compass data and log it to the serial port.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Lee los datos de la brújula y regístralos en el puerto serie.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md
|
|
msgid "\"{},{},{}\\t{},{},{}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{},{},{}\\t{},{},{}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-morning.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// If button A is pressed, switch to the next mode and briefly blink all "
|
|
"LEDs\n"
|
|
" // on.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// Si se pulsa el botón A, cambia al siguiente modo y haz que parpadeen "
|
|
"brevemente todos los LED\n"
|
|
" // activados.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps.md
|
|
msgid "Application processors"
|
|
msgstr "Procesadores de aplicaciones"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"So far we've talked about microcontrollers, such as the Arm Cortex-M series. "
|
|
"Now let's try writing something for Cortex-A. For simplicity we'll just work "
|
|
"with QEMU's aarch64 ['virt'](https://qemu-project.gitlab.io/qemu/system/arm/"
|
|
"virt.html) board."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Hasta ahora hemos hablado de microcontroladores, como la serie Cortex‐M de "
|
|
"Arm. Ahora vamos a probar a escribir algo para Cortex-A. Para simplificar, "
|
|
"solo trabajaremos con la placa ['virt'](https://qemu-project.gitlab.io/qemu/"
|
|
"system/arm/virt.html) aarch64 de QEMU."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Broadly speaking, microcontrollers don't have an MMU or multiple levels of "
|
|
"privilege (exception levels on Arm CPUs, rings on x86), while application "
|
|
"processors do."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En términos generales, los microcontroladores no tienen un MMU ni varios "
|
|
"niveles de privilegio (niveles de excepción en las CPU de Arm, anillos en "
|
|
"x86), mientras que los procesadores de aplicaciones sí los tienen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"QEMU supports emulating various different machines or board models for each "
|
|
"architecture. The 'virt' board doesn't correspond to any particular real "
|
|
"hardware, but is designed purely for virtual machines."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"QEMU permite emular varias máquinas o modelos de placa diferentes para cada "
|
|
"arquitectura. La placa \"virt\" no se corresponde con ningún hardware real "
|
|
"concreto, pero está diseñada exclusivamente para máquinas virtuales."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Before we can start running Rust code, we need to do some initialisation."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Antes de que podamos empezar a ejecutar código de Rust, tenemos que hacer "
|
|
"alguna inicialización."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```armasm\n"
|
|
".section .init.entry, \"ax\"\n"
|
|
".global entry\n"
|
|
"entry:\n"
|
|
" /*\n"
|
|
" * Load and apply the memory management configuration, ready to enable "
|
|
"MMU and\n"
|
|
" * caches.\n"
|
|
" */\n"
|
|
" adrp x30, idmap\n"
|
|
" msr ttbr0_el1, x30\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
" mov_i x30, .Lmairval\n"
|
|
" msr mair_el1, x30\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
" mov_i x30, .Ltcrval\n"
|
|
" /* Copy the supported PA range into TCR_EL1.IPS. */\n"
|
|
" mrs x29, id_aa64mmfr0_el1\n"
|
|
" bfi x30, x29, #32, #4\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
" msr tcr_el1, x30\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
" mov_i x30, .Lsctlrval\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
" /*\n"
|
|
" * Ensure everything before this point has completed, then invalidate "
|
|
"any\n"
|
|
" * potentially stale local TLB entries before they start being used.\n"
|
|
" */\n"
|
|
" isb\n"
|
|
" tlbi vmalle1\n"
|
|
" ic iallu\n"
|
|
" dsb nsh\n"
|
|
" isb\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
" /*\n"
|
|
" * Configure sctlr_el1 to enable MMU and cache and don't proceed until "
|
|
"this\n"
|
|
" * has completed.\n"
|
|
" */\n"
|
|
" msr sctlr_el1, x30\n"
|
|
" isb\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
" /* Disable trapping floating point access in EL1. */\n"
|
|
" mrs x30, cpacr_el1\n"
|
|
" orr x30, x30, #(0x3 << 20)\n"
|
|
" msr cpacr_el1, x30\n"
|
|
" isb\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
" /* Zero out the bss section. */\n"
|
|
" adr_l x29, bss_begin\n"
|
|
" adr_l x30, bss_end\n"
|
|
"0: cmp x29, x30\n"
|
|
" b.hs 1f\n"
|
|
" stp xzr, xzr, [x29], #16\n"
|
|
" b 0b\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"1: /* Prepare the stack. */\n"
|
|
" adr_l x30, boot_stack_end\n"
|
|
" mov sp, x30\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
" /* Set up exception vector. */\n"
|
|
" adr x30, vector_table_el1\n"
|
|
" msr vbar_el1, x30\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
" /* Call into Rust code. */\n"
|
|
" bl main\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
" /* Loop forever waiting for interrupts. */\n"
|
|
"2: wfi\n"
|
|
" b 2b\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"```armasm\n"
|
|
".section .init.entry, \"ax\"\n"
|
|
".global entry\n"
|
|
"entry:\n"
|
|
" /*\n"
|
|
" * Load and apply the memory management configuration, ready to enable "
|
|
"MMU and\n"
|
|
" * caches.\n"
|
|
" */\n"
|
|
" adrp x30, idmap\n"
|
|
" msr ttbr0_el1, x30\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
" mov_i x30, .Lmairval\n"
|
|
" msr mair_el1, x30\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
" mov_i x30, .Ltcrval\n"
|
|
" /* Copy the supported PA range into TCR_EL1.IPS. */\n"
|
|
" mrs x29, id_aa64mmfr0_el1\n"
|
|
" bfi x30, x29, #32, #4\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
" msr tcr_el1, x30\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
" mov_i x30, .Lsctlrval\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
" /*\n"
|
|
" * Ensure everything before this point has completed, then invalidate "
|
|
"any\n"
|
|
" * potentially stale local TLB entries before they start being used.\n"
|
|
" */\n"
|
|
" isb\n"
|
|
" tlbi vmalle1\n"
|
|
" ic iallu\n"
|
|
" dsb nsh\n"
|
|
" isb\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
" /*\n"
|
|
" * Configure sctlr_el1 to enable MMU and cache and don't proceed until "
|
|
"this\n"
|
|
" * has completed.\n"
|
|
" */\n"
|
|
" msr sctlr_el1, x30\n"
|
|
" isb\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
" /* Disable trapping floating point access in EL1. */\n"
|
|
" mrs x30, cpacr_el1\n"
|
|
" orr x30, x30, #(0x3 << 20)\n"
|
|
" msr cpacr_el1, x30\n"
|
|
" isb\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
" /* Zero out the bss section. */\n"
|
|
" adr_l x29, bss_begin\n"
|
|
" adr_l x30, bss_end\n"
|
|
"0: cmp x29, x30\n"
|
|
" b.hs 1f\n"
|
|
" stp xzr, xzr, [x29], #16\n"
|
|
" b 0b\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"1: /* Prepare the stack. */\n"
|
|
" adr_l x30, boot_stack_end\n"
|
|
" mov sp, x30\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
" /* Set up exception vector. */\n"
|
|
" adr x30, vector_table_el1\n"
|
|
" msr vbar_el1, x30\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
" /* Call into Rust code. */\n"
|
|
" bl main\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
" /* Loop forever waiting for interrupts. */\n"
|
|
"2: wfi\n"
|
|
" b 2b\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This is the same as it would be for C: initialising the processor state, "
|
|
"zeroing the BSS, and setting up the stack pointer."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Es lo mismo que en C: inicializar el estado del procesador, poner a cero el "
|
|
"BSS y configurar el puntero de la _stack_."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The BSS (block starting symbol, for historical reasons) is the part of the "
|
|
"object file which containing statically allocated variables which are "
|
|
"initialised to zero. They are omitted from the image, to avoid wasting space "
|
|
"on zeroes. The compiler assumes that the loader will take care of zeroing "
|
|
"them."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El BSS (símbolo de inicio del bloque, por motivos históricos) es la parte "
|
|
"del objeto que contiene variables asignadas de forma estática que se "
|
|
"inicializan a cero. Se omiten en la imagen para evitar malgastar espacio con "
|
|
"ceros. El compilador asume que el cargador se encargará de ponerlos a cero."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The BSS may already be zeroed, depending on how memory is initialised and "
|
|
"the image is loaded, but we zero it to be sure."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Es posible que el BSS ya esté a cero, dependiendo de cómo se inicialice la "
|
|
"memoria y cómo se cargue la imagen, aunque se pone igualmente a cero para "
|
|
"estar seguros."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"We need to enable the MMU and cache before reading or writing any memory. If "
|
|
"we don't:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Necesitamos habilitar la MMU y la caché antes de leer o escribir memoria. Si "
|
|
"no lo hacemos, sucederá lo siguiente:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Unaligned accesses will fault. We build the Rust code for the `aarch64-"
|
|
"unknown-none` target which sets `+strict-align` to prevent the compiler "
|
|
"generating unaligned accesses, so it should be fine in this case, but this "
|
|
"is not necessarily the case in general."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los accesos no alineados fallarán. Compilamos el código Rust para el "
|
|
"objetivo `aarch64-unknown-none`, que define `+strict-align` para evitar que "
|
|
"el compilador genere accesos no alineados. En este caso debería estar bien, "
|
|
"pero no tiene por qué ser así en general."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If it were running in a VM, this can lead to cache coherency issues. The "
|
|
"problem is that the VM is accessing memory directly with the cache disabled, "
|
|
"while the host has cacheable aliases to the same memory. Even if the host "
|
|
"doesn't explicitly access the memory, speculative accesses can lead to cache "
|
|
"fills, and then changes from one or the other will get lost when the cache "
|
|
"is cleaned or the VM enables the cache. (Cache is keyed by physical address, "
|
|
"not VA or IPA.)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si se estuviera ejecutando en una máquina virtual, podría provocar problemas "
|
|
"de coherencia en la caché. El problema es que la máquina virtual accede a la "
|
|
"memoria directamente con la caché inhabilitada, mientras que el host cuenta "
|
|
"con alias que se pueden almacenar en caché en la misma memoria. Incluso si "
|
|
"el host no accede explícitamente a la memoria, los accesos especulativos "
|
|
"pueden provocar que se llene la caché, haciendo que los cambios de uno u "
|
|
"otro se pierdan cuando se borre la caché o cuando la máquina virtual la "
|
|
"habilite. (La caché está codificada por dirección física, no por VA ni IPA)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"For simplicity, we just use a hardcoded pagetable (see `idmap.S`) which "
|
|
"identity maps the first 1 GiB of address space for devices, the next 1 GiB "
|
|
"for DRAM, and another 1 GiB higher up for more devices. This matches the "
|
|
"memory layout that QEMU uses."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Para simplificar, solo se utiliza una tabla de páginas codificada (consulta "
|
|
"`idmap.S`) que mapea la identidad del primer GiB de espacio de direcciones "
|
|
"para dispositivos, el siguiente GiB para DRAM y otro GiB más para más "
|
|
"dispositivos. Esto coincide con la disposición de memoria que utiliza QEMU."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"We also set up the exception vector (`vbar_el1`), which we'll see more about "
|
|
"later."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"También configuramos el vector de excepción (`vbar_el1`), del que veremos "
|
|
"más contenido en próximas dipositivas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/entry-point.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"All examples this afternoon assume we will be running at exception level 1 "
|
|
"(EL1). If you need to run at a different exception level you'll need to "
|
|
"modify `entry.S` accordingly."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Todos los ejemplos de esta tarde se ejecutarán en el nivel de excepción 1 "
|
|
"(EL1). Si necesitas ejecutar en un nivel de excepción diferente, deberás "
|
|
"modificar `entry.S` según corresponda."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
|
|
msgid "Inline assembly"
|
|
msgstr "Ensamblaje integrado"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Sometimes we need to use assembly to do things that aren't possible with "
|
|
"Rust code. For example, to make an HVC (hypervisor call) to tell the "
|
|
"firmware to power off the system:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"A veces necesitamos usar el ensamblador para hacer cosas que no son posibles "
|
|
"con código Rust. Por ejemplo, hacer un "
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// Safe because this only uses the declared registers and doesn't do\n"
|
|
" // anything with memory.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// Es seguro porque solo utiliza los registros declarados y no\n"
|
|
" // hace nada con la memoria.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
|
|
msgid "\"hvc #0\""
|
|
msgstr "\"hvc #0\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
|
|
msgid "\"w0\""
|
|
msgstr "\"w0\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
|
|
msgid "\"w1\""
|
|
msgstr "\"w1\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
|
|
msgid "\"w2\""
|
|
msgstr "\"w2\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
|
|
msgid "\"w3\""
|
|
msgstr "\"w3\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
|
|
msgid "\"w4\""
|
|
msgstr "\"w4\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
|
|
msgid "\"w5\""
|
|
msgstr "\"w5\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
|
|
msgid "\"w6\""
|
|
msgstr "\"w6\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
|
|
msgid "\"w7\""
|
|
msgstr "\"w7\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"(If you actually want to do this, use the [`smccc`](https://crates.io/crates/"
|
|
"smccc) crate which has wrappers for all these functions.)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"(Si realmente quieres hacer esto, utiliza el crate [`smccc`](https://crates."
|
|
"io/crates/smccc) que tiene envoltorios para todas estas funciones)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"PSCI is the Arm Power State Coordination Interface, a standard set of "
|
|
"functions to manage system and CPU power states, among other things. It is "
|
|
"implemented by EL3 firmware and hypervisors on many systems."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"PSCI es la interfaz de coordinación de estado de alimentación de Arm, un "
|
|
"conjunto estándar de funciones para gestionar los estados de alimentación "
|
|
"del sistema y de la CPU, entre otras cosas. Lo implementan el firmware EL3 y "
|
|
"los hipervisores en muchos sistemas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `0 => _` syntax means initialise the register to 0 before running the "
|
|
"inline assembly code, and ignore its contents afterwards. We need to use "
|
|
"`inout` rather than `in` because the call could potentially clobber the "
|
|
"contents of the registers."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La sintaxis `0 => _` significa inicializar el registro a 0 antes de ejecutar "
|
|
"el código de ensamblaje integrado e ignorar su contenido después. "
|
|
"Necesitamos utilizar `inout` en lugar de `in` porque la llamada podría "
|
|
"alterar el contenido de los registros."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This `main` function needs to be `#[no_mangle]` and `extern \"C\"` because "
|
|
"it is called from our entry point in `entry.S`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Esta función `main` debe ser `#[no_mangle]` y `extern \"C\"`, ya que se "
|
|
"llama desde nuestro punto de entrada en `entry.S`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`_x0`–`_x3` are the values of registers `x0`–`x3`, which are conventionally "
|
|
"used by the bootloader to pass things like a pointer to the device tree. "
|
|
"According to the standard aarch64 calling convention (which is what `extern "
|
|
"\"C\"` specifies to use), registers `x0`–`x7` are used for the first 8 "
|
|
"arguments passed to a function, so `entry.S` doesn't need to do anything "
|
|
"special except make sure it doesn't change these registers."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`_x0`–`_x3` son los valores de los registros `x0`–`x3`, que el bootloader "
|
|
"utiliza habitualmente para pasar elementos al árbol de dispositivos, como un "
|
|
"puntero. De acuerdo con la convención de llamadas estándar de aarch64 (que "
|
|
"es lo que `extern \"C\"` usa), los registros `x0`–`x7` se utilizan para los "
|
|
"primeros ocho argumentos que se pasan a una función, de modo que `entry.S` "
|
|
"no tiene que hacer nada especial, salvo asegurarse de que no cambia estos "
|
|
"registros."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/inline-assembly.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Run the example in QEMU with `make qemu_psci` under `src/bare-metal/aps/"
|
|
"examples`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ejecuta el ejemplo en QEMU con `make qemu_psci` en `src/bare-metal/aps/"
|
|
"examples`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md
|
|
msgid "Volatile memory access for MMIO"
|
|
msgstr "Acceso a la memoria volátil para MMIO"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md
|
|
msgid "Use `pointer::read_volatile` and `pointer::write_volatile`."
|
|
msgstr "Se puede usar `pointer::read_volatile` y `pointer::write_volatile`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md
|
|
msgid "Never hold a reference."
|
|
msgstr "Nunca retengas una referencia."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`addr_of!` lets you get fields of structs without creating an intermediate "
|
|
"reference."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`addr_of!` permite obtener campos de estructuras sin crear una referencia "
|
|
"intermedia."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Volatile access: read or write operations may have side-effects, so prevent "
|
|
"the compiler or hardware from reordering, duplicating or eliding them."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Acceso volátil: las operaciones de lectura o escritura pueden tener efectos "
|
|
"secundarios, por lo que se debe evitar que el compilador o el hardware las "
|
|
"reordene, duplique u omita."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Usually if you write and then read, e.g. via a mutable reference, the "
|
|
"compiler may assume that the value read is the same as the value just "
|
|
"written, and not bother actually reading memory."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Normalmente, si escribes y luego lees (por ejemplo, a través de una "
|
|
"referencia mutable), el compilador puede suponer que el valor leído es el "
|
|
"mismo que el que se acaba de escribir, sin molestarse si quiera en leer "
|
|
"realmente la memoria."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Some existing crates for volatile access to hardware do hold references, but "
|
|
"this is unsound. Whenever a reference exist, the compiler may choose to "
|
|
"dereference it."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Algunos crates para el acceso volátil al hardware sí mantienen referencias, "
|
|
"aunque no es seguro. Siempre que exista una referencia, el compilador puede "
|
|
"desreferenciarla."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/mmio.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Use the `addr_of!` macro to get struct field pointers from a pointer to the "
|
|
"struct."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Utiliza la macro `addr_of!` para obtener punteros de campos de estructuras a "
|
|
"partir de un puntero en la estructura."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md
|
|
msgid "Let's write a UART driver"
|
|
msgstr "Vamos a escribir un controlador de UART"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The QEMU 'virt' machine has a [PL011](https://developer.arm.com/"
|
|
"documentation/ddi0183/g) UART, so let's write a driver for that."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La máquina \"virt\" de QEMU tiene una UART [PL011]https://developer.arm.com/"
|
|
"documentation/ddi0183/g), así que vamos a escribir un controlador para ella."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md
|
|
msgid "/// Minimal driver for a PL011 UART.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Controlador mínimo para un UART PL011.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// Constructs a new instance of the UART driver for a PL011 device at the\n"
|
|
" /// given base address.\n"
|
|
" ///\n"
|
|
" /// # Safety\n"
|
|
" ///\n"
|
|
" /// The given base address must point to the 8 MMIO control registers of "
|
|
"a\n"
|
|
" /// PL011 device, which must be mapped into the address space of the "
|
|
"process\n"
|
|
" /// as device memory and not have any other aliases.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"/// Construye una instancia nueva del controlador de UART para un "
|
|
"dispositivo PL011 en la\n"
|
|
" /// dirección base proporcionada.\n"
|
|
" ///\n"
|
|
" /// # Seguridad\n"
|
|
" ///\n"
|
|
" /// La dirección base debe apuntar a los 8 registros de control MMIO de "
|
|
"un \n"
|
|
" /// dispositivo PL011, que debe asignarse al espacio de direcciones del "
|
|
"proceso\n"
|
|
" /// como memoria del dispositivo y no tener ningún otro alias.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "/// Writes a single byte to the UART.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Escribe un solo byte en el UART.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "// Wait until there is room in the TX buffer.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Espera hasta que haya espacio en el búfer de TX.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// Safe because we know that the base address points to the control\n"
|
|
" // registers of a PL011 device which is appropriately mapped.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// Es seguro porque sabemos que la dirección base apunta a los registros\n"
|
|
" // de control de un dispositivo PL011 que está asignado "
|
|
"correctamente.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "// Write to the TX buffer.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Escribe en el búfer de TX.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "// Wait until the UART is no longer busy.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Espera hasta que el UART esté libre.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Note that `Uart::new` is unsafe while the other methods are safe. This is "
|
|
"because as long as the caller of `Uart::new` guarantees that its safety "
|
|
"requirements are met (i.e. that there is only ever one instance of the "
|
|
"driver for a given UART, and nothing else aliasing its address space), then "
|
|
"it is always safe to call `write_byte` later because we can assume the "
|
|
"necessary preconditions."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ten en cuenta que `Uart::new` no es seguro, mientras que los otros métodos "
|
|
"sí lo son. Esto se debe a que mientras que el llamador de `Uart::new` "
|
|
"asegure que se cumplan sus requisitos de seguridad (es decir, que solo haya "
|
|
"una instancia del controlador para una UART determinada y que nada más "
|
|
"asigne alias a su espacio de direcciones), siempre es más seguro llamar a "
|
|
"`write_byte` más adelante, ya que podemos asumir\\ las condiciones previas "
|
|
"necesarias."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"We could have done it the other way around (making `new` safe but "
|
|
"`write_byte` unsafe), but that would be much less convenient to use as every "
|
|
"place that calls `write_byte` would need to reason about the safety"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Podríamos haberlo hecho al revés (haciendo que `new` fuese seguro y "
|
|
"`write_byte` no seguro), pero\\sería mucho menos cómodo de usar, ya que cada "
|
|
"lugar que llamase a `write_byte` tendría que pensar en la seguridad"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This is a common pattern for writing safe wrappers of unsafe code: moving "
|
|
"the burden of proof for soundness from a large number of places to a smaller "
|
|
"number of places."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Este es un patrón común para escribir envoltorios seguros de código "
|
|
"inseguro: mover la carga de la prueba de seguridad de un gran número de "
|
|
"lugares a otro más pequeño."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart/traits.md
|
|
msgid "More traits"
|
|
msgstr "Más traits"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart/traits.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"We derived the `Debug` trait. It would be useful to implement a few more "
|
|
"traits too."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Hemos derivado el trait `Debug`. También sería útil implementar algunos "
|
|
"traits más."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart/traits.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// Safe because it just contains a pointer to device memory, which can be\n"
|
|
"// accessed from any context.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// Es seguro porque solo contiene un puntero a la memoria del dispositivo,\n"
|
|
"// a la que se puede acceder desde cualquier contexto.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart/traits.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Implementing `Write` lets us use the `write!` and `writeln!` macros with our "
|
|
"`Uart` type."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Implementar `Write` nos permite utilizar las macros `write!` y `writeln!` "
|
|
"con nuestro tipo `Uart`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/uart/traits.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Run the example in QEMU with `make qemu_minimal` under `src/bare-metal/aps/"
|
|
"examples`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ejecuta el ejemplo en QEMU con `make qemu_minimal` en `src/bare-metal/aps/"
|
|
"examples`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "A better UART driver"
|
|
msgstr "Un controlador UART mejor"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The PL011 actually has [a bunch more registers](https://developer.arm.com/"
|
|
"documentation/ddi0183/g/programmers-model/summary-of-registers), and adding "
|
|
"offsets to construct pointers to access them is error-prone and hard to "
|
|
"read. Plus, some of them are bit fields which would be nice to access in a "
|
|
"structured way."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En realidad, PL011 tiene [muchos registros más](https://developer.arm.com/"
|
|
"documentation/ddi0183/g/programmers-model/summary-of-registers), por lo que "
|
|
"añadir desplazamientos para crear punteros que les permita acceder a ellos "
|
|
"da lugar a errores y dificulta la lectura. Además, algunos de ellos son "
|
|
"campos de bits a los que estaría bien acceder de forma estructurada."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "Offset"
|
|
msgstr "Desplazamiento"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "Register name"
|
|
msgstr "Nombre de registro"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "Width"
|
|
msgstr "Ancho"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "0x00"
|
|
msgstr "0x00"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "DR"
|
|
msgstr "DR"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "12"
|
|
msgstr "12"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "0x04"
|
|
msgstr "0x04"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "RSR"
|
|
msgstr "RSR"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "0x18"
|
|
msgstr "0x18"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "FR"
|
|
msgstr "FR"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "9"
|
|
msgstr "9"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "0x20"
|
|
msgstr "0x20"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "ILPR"
|
|
msgstr "ILPR"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "0x24"
|
|
msgstr "0x24"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "IBRD"
|
|
msgstr "IBRD"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "16"
|
|
msgstr "16"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "0x28"
|
|
msgstr "0x28"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "FBRD"
|
|
msgstr "FBRD"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "0x2c"
|
|
msgstr "0x2c"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "LCR_H"
|
|
msgstr "LCR_H"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "0x30"
|
|
msgstr "0x30"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "CR"
|
|
msgstr "CR"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "0x34"
|
|
msgstr "0x34"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "IFLS"
|
|
msgstr "IFLS"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "0x38"
|
|
msgstr "0x38"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "IMSC"
|
|
msgstr "IMSC"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "11"
|
|
msgstr "11"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "0x3c"
|
|
msgstr "0x3c"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "RIS"
|
|
msgstr "RIS"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "0x40"
|
|
msgstr "0x40"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "MIS"
|
|
msgstr "MIS"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "0x44"
|
|
msgstr "0x44"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "ICR"
|
|
msgstr "ICR"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "0x48"
|
|
msgstr "0x48"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "DMACR"
|
|
msgstr "DMACR"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart.md
|
|
msgid "There are also some ID registers which have been omitted for brevity."
|
|
msgstr "También hay algunos registros de ID que se han omitido para abreviar."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The [`bitflags`](https://crates.io/crates/bitflags) crate is useful for "
|
|
"working with bitflags."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El crate [`bitflags`](https://crates.io/crates/bitflags) resulta útil para "
|
|
"trabajar con bitflags."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "/// Flags from the UART flag register.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Marcas del registro de marcas de UART.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "/// Clear to send.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Borra para enviar.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "/// Data set ready.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Conjunto de datos listo.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "/// Data carrier detect.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Detección del portador de datos.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "/// UART busy transmitting data.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// UART está transmitiendo datos.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "/// Receive FIFO is empty.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// El FIFO de recepción está vacío\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "/// Transmit FIFO is full.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// El FIFO de transmisión está completo.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "/// Receive FIFO is full.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// El FIFO de recepción está completo.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "/// Transmit FIFO is empty.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// El FIFO de transmisión está vacío.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "/// Ring indicator.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Indicador de anillo.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/bitflags.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `bitflags!` macro creates a newtype something like `Flags(u16)`, along "
|
|
"with a bunch of method implementations to get and set flags."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La macro `bitflags!` crea un newtype, como `Flags(u16)`, junto con un montón "
|
|
"de implementaciones de métodos para obtener y definir _flags_ (banderas)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/registers.md
|
|
msgid "Multiple registers"
|
|
msgstr "Varios registros"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/registers.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"We can use a struct to represent the memory layout of the UART's registers."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Podemos utilizar una estructura para representar la disposición de la "
|
|
"memoria de los registros de UART."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/registers.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[`#[repr(C)]`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/type-layout.html#the-c-"
|
|
"representation) tells the compiler to lay the struct fields out in order, "
|
|
"following the same rules as C. This is necessary for our struct to have a "
|
|
"predictable layout, as default Rust representation allows the compiler to "
|
|
"(among other things) reorder fields however it sees fit."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[`#[repr(C)]`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/type-layout.html#the-c-"
|
|
"representation) indica al compilador que ordene los campos de la estructura "
|
|
"siguiendo las mismas reglas que en C. Esto es necesario para que nuestra "
|
|
"estructura tenga un diseño predecible, ya que la representación "
|
|
"predeterminada de Rust permite que el compilador (entre otras cosas) "
|
|
"reordene los campos como crea conveniente."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md
|
|
msgid "Now let's use the new `Registers` struct in our driver."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ahora vamos a utilizar la nueva estructura de `Registers` en nuestro "
|
|
"controlador."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md
|
|
msgid "/// Driver for a PL011 UART.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Controlador para un UART PL011.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// Safe because we know that self.registers points to the control\n"
|
|
" // registers of a PL011 device which is appropriately mapped.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// Es seguro porque sabemos que self.registers apunta\n"
|
|
" // a los registros de control de un dispositivo PL011 que está "
|
|
"asignado correctamente.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// Reads and returns a pending byte, or `None` if nothing has been\n"
|
|
" /// received.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"/// Lee y devuelve un byte pendiente o `None` si no se ha recibido nada\n"
|
|
" ///.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "// TODO: Check for error conditions in bits 8-11.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// TAREA: Comprueba si hay condiciones de error en los bits 8 a 11.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/driver.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Note the use of `addr_of!` / `addr_of_mut!` to get pointers to individual "
|
|
"fields without creating an intermediate reference, which would be unsound."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Fíjate en el uso de `addr_of!` y `addr_of_mut!` para llevar punteros a "
|
|
"campos individuales sin crear una referencia intermedia. Sería una acción "
|
|
"insegura."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md
|
|
msgid "Using it"
|
|
msgstr "Uso"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Let's write a small program using our driver to write to the serial console, "
|
|
"and echo incoming bytes."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Vamos a crear un pequeño programa con nuestro controlador para escribir en "
|
|
"la consola serie y compartir los bytes entrantes."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "/// Base address of the primary PL011 UART.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Dirección base del UART de PL011 principal.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// Safe because `PL011_BASE_ADDRESS` is the base address of a PL011 device,\n"
|
|
" // and nothing else accesses that address range.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// Es seguro porque `PL011_BASE_ADDRESS` es la dirección base de un "
|
|
"dispositivo PL011\n"
|
|
" // y ninguna más accede a ese intervalo de direcciones.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md
|
|
msgid "\"main({x0:#x}, {x1:#x}, {x2:#x}, {x3:#x})\""
|
|
msgstr "\"main({x0:#x}, {x1:#x}, {x2:#x}, {x3:#x})\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md
|
|
msgid "b'\\r'"
|
|
msgstr "b'\\r'"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md
|
|
msgid "b'\\n'"
|
|
msgstr "b'\\n'"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md
|
|
msgid "b'q'"
|
|
msgstr "b'q'"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md
|
|
msgid "\"Bye!\""
|
|
msgstr "\"¡Adiós!\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"As in the [inline assembly](../inline-assembly.md) example, this `main` "
|
|
"function is called from our entry point code in `entry.S`. See the speaker "
|
|
"notes there for details."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Al igual que en el ejemplo de [ensamblaje integrado](../inline-assembly.md), "
|
|
"esta función `main` se llama desde nuestro código de punto de entrada en "
|
|
"`entry.S`. Consulta las notas del orador para obtener más información."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/better-uart/using.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Run the example in QEMU with `make qemu` under `src/bare-metal/aps/examples`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ejecuta el ejemplo en QEMU con `make qemu` en `src/bare-metal/aps/examples`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/logging.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"It would be nice to be able to use the logging macros from the [`log`]"
|
|
"(https://crates.io/crates/log) crate. We can do this by implementing the "
|
|
"`Log` trait."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Estaría bien poder utilizar las macros de registro del crate [`log`](https://"
|
|
"crates.io/crates/log). Podemos hacerlo implementando el trait `Log`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/logging.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "\"[{}] {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"[{}] {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/logging.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "/// Initialises UART logger.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Inicia el registro de UART.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/logging.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The unwrap in `log` is safe because we initialise `LOGGER` before calling "
|
|
"`set_logger`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La desenvoltura en `log` es segura porque inicializamos `LOGGER` antes de "
|
|
"llamar a `set_logger`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md
|
|
msgid "We need to initialise the logger before we use it."
|
|
msgstr "Debemos inicializar el registrador antes de utilizarlo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "\"{info}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{info}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md
|
|
msgid "Note that our panic handler can now log details of panics."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ten en cuenta que nuestro controlador de _panic_ ahora ya puede registrar la "
|
|
"información de los pánicos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/logging/using.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Run the example in QEMU with `make qemu_logger` under `src/bare-metal/aps/"
|
|
"examples`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ejecuta el ejemplo en QEMU con `make qemu_logger` en `src/bare-metal/aps/"
|
|
"examples`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/exceptions.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"AArch64 defines an exception vector table with 16 entries, for 4 types of "
|
|
"exceptions (synchronous, IRQ, FIQ, SError) from 4 states (current EL with "
|
|
"SP0, current EL with SPx, lower EL using AArch64, lower EL using AArch32). "
|
|
"We implement this in assembly to save volatile registers to the stack before "
|
|
"calling into Rust code:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"AArch64 define una tabla de vectores de excepción con 16 entradas, para 4 "
|
|
"tipos de excepciones (synchronous, IRQ, FIQ, SError) desde 4 estados (EL "
|
|
"actual con SP0, EL actual con SPx, EL inferior con AArch64 y EL inferior con "
|
|
"AArch32). Implementamos esto en el ensamblaje para guardar los registros "
|
|
"volátiles en la _stack_ antes de llamar al código de Rust:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/exceptions.md
|
|
msgid "EL is exception level; all our examples this afternoon run in EL1."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"EL significa nivel de excepción (por sus siglas en inglés); todos nuestros "
|
|
"ejemplos de esta tarde se ejecutan en EL1."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/exceptions.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"For simplicity we aren't distinguishing between SP0 and SPx for the current "
|
|
"EL exceptions, or between AArch32 and AArch64 for the lower EL exceptions."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Para simplificar, no distinguimos entre SP0 y SPx para las excepciones del "
|
|
"EL actual, ni entre AArch32 y AArch64 para las excepciones de EL inferiores."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/exceptions.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"For this example we just log the exception and power down, as we don't "
|
|
"expect any of them to actually happen."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En este ejemplo, nos limitaremos a registrar la excepción y a apagarla, ya "
|
|
"que no esperamos que se produzca ninguna."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/exceptions.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"We can think of exception handlers and our main execution context more or "
|
|
"less like different threads. [`Send` and `Sync`](../../concurrency/send-sync."
|
|
"md) will control what we can share between them, just like with threads. For "
|
|
"example, if we want to share some value between exception handlers and the "
|
|
"rest of the program, and it's `Send` but not `Sync`, then we'll need to wrap "
|
|
"it in something like a `Mutex` and put it in a static."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Podríamos pensar en los controladores de excepciones y en nuestro contexto "
|
|
"de ejecución principal como si fueran hilos diferentes. [`Send` y `Sync`]"
|
|
"(../../concurrency/send-sync.md) controlarán lo que podemos compartir entre "
|
|
"ellos, igual que con los hilos. Por ejemplo, si queremos compartir algún "
|
|
"valor entre los controladores de excepciones y el resto del programa, y es "
|
|
"`Send`en vez de `Sync`, necesitaremos envolverlo en un `Mutex`, por ejemplo, "
|
|
"y ponerlo en un estático."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md
|
|
msgid "[oreboot](https://github.com/oreboot/oreboot)"
|
|
msgstr "[oreboot](https://github.com/oreboot/oreboot)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md
|
|
msgid "\"coreboot without the C\""
|
|
msgstr "\"coreboot sin la C\"."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md
|
|
msgid "Supports x86, aarch64 and RISC-V."
|
|
msgstr "Compatible con x86, aarch64 y RISC-V."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md
|
|
msgid "Relies on LinuxBoot rather than having many drivers itself."
|
|
msgstr "Depende de LinuxBoot en lugar de tener controladores propios."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Rust RaspberryPi OS tutorial](https://github.com/rust-embedded/rust-"
|
|
"raspberrypi-OS-tutorials)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Tutorial del SO de Rust en RaspberryPi][Rust RaspberryPi OS tutorial]"
|
|
"(https://github.com/rust-embedded/rust-raspberrypi-OS-tutorials)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Initialisation, UART driver, simple bootloader, JTAG, exception levels, "
|
|
"exception handling, page tables"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Inicialización, controlador de UART, bootloader sencillo, JTAG, niveles de "
|
|
"excepción, gestión de excepciones, tablas de páginas, etc."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Some dodginess around cache maintenance and initialisation in Rust, not "
|
|
"necessarily a good example to copy for production code."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Algunas dudas sobre el mantenimiento de la caché y la inicialización en "
|
|
"Rust, aunque no es precisamente un buen ejemplo para copiar en código de "
|
|
"producción."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md
|
|
msgid "[`cargo-call-stack`](https://crates.io/crates/cargo-call-stack)"
|
|
msgstr "[`cargo-call-stack`](https://crates.io/crates/cargo-call-stack)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md
|
|
msgid "Static analysis to determine maximum stack usage."
|
|
msgstr "Análisis estático para determinar el uso máximo de la _stack_."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The RaspberryPi OS tutorial runs Rust code before the MMU and caches are "
|
|
"enabled. This will read and write memory (e.g. the stack). However:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El tutorial del sistema operativo en RaspberryPi ejecuta código de Rust "
|
|
"antes de que la MMU y las cachés se habiliten. De este modo, se leerá y "
|
|
"escribirá memoria (por ejemplo, la _stack_). Sin embargo:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Without the MMU and cache, unaligned accesses will fault. It builds with "
|
|
"`aarch64-unknown-none` which sets `+strict-align` to prevent the compiler "
|
|
"generating unaligned accesses so it should be alright, but this is not "
|
|
"necessarily the case in general."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Sin la MMU y la caché, los accesos no alineados fallarán. Se compila con "
|
|
"`aarch64-unknown-none`, que define `+strict-align` para evitar que el "
|
|
"compilador genere accesos no alineados. Debería estar bien, pero no tiene "
|
|
"por qué ser así, en general."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/aps/other-projects.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If it were running in a VM, this can lead to cache coherency issues. The "
|
|
"problem is that the VM is accessing memory directly with the cache disabled, "
|
|
"while the host has cacheable aliases to the same memory. Even if the host "
|
|
"doesn't explicitly access the memory, speculative accesses can lead to cache "
|
|
"fills, and then changes from one or the other will get lost. Again this is "
|
|
"alright in this particular case (running directly on the hardware with no "
|
|
"hypervisor), but isn't a good pattern in general."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si se estuviera ejecutando en una máquina virtual, podría provocar problemas "
|
|
"de coherencia en la caché. El problema es que la máquina virtual accede a la "
|
|
"memoria directamente con la caché inhabilitada, mientras que el host cuenta "
|
|
"con alias que se pueden almacenar en caché en la misma memoria. Incluso si "
|
|
"el host no accede explícitamente a la memoria, los accesos especulativos "
|
|
"pueden provocar que se llene la caché, haciendo que los cambios de uno u "
|
|
"otro se pierdan. De nuevo, es correcto en este caso particular (si se "
|
|
"ejecuta directamente en el hardware sin hipervisor) pero, por lo general, no "
|
|
"es un buen patrón."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates.md
|
|
msgid "Useful crates"
|
|
msgstr "Crates Útiles"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"We'll go over a few crates which solve some common problems in bare-metal "
|
|
"programming."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"A continuación, repasaremos algunos crates que resuelven ciertos problemas "
|
|
"comunes en la programación bare-metal."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The [`zerocopy`](https://docs.rs/zerocopy/) crate (from Fuchsia) provides "
|
|
"traits and macros for safely converting between byte sequences and other "
|
|
"types."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El crate [`zerocopy`](https://docs.rs/zerocopy/) (de Fuchsia) proporciona "
|
|
"traits y macros para realizar conversiones seguras entre secuencias de bytes "
|
|
"y otros tipos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This is not suitable for MMIO (as it doesn't use volatile reads and writes), "
|
|
"but can be useful for working with structures shared with hardware e.g. by "
|
|
"DMA, or sent over some external interface."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"No es adecuado para MMIO (ya que no utiliza lecturas y escrituras "
|
|
"volátiles), pero puede ser útil para trabajar con estructuras compartidas "
|
|
"con hardware (por ejemplo, mediante DMA) o enviadas a través de alguna "
|
|
"interfaz externa."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`FromBytes` can be implemented for types for which any byte pattern is "
|
|
"valid, and so can safely be converted from an untrusted sequence of bytes."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`FromBytes` se puede implementar en tipos en los que cualquier patrón de "
|
|
"bytes es válido, por lo que se puede convertir de forma segura a partir de "
|
|
"una secuencia de bytes que no es fiable."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Attempting to derive `FromBytes` for these types would fail, because "
|
|
"`RequestType` doesn't use all possible u32 values as discriminants, so not "
|
|
"all byte patterns are valid."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si se intenta derivar `FromBytes` para estos tipos, se produciría un error, "
|
|
"pues `RequestType` no utiliza todos los valores u32 posibles como "
|
|
"discriminantes y, por tanto, todos los patrones de bytes son válidos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`zerocopy::byteorder` has types for byte-order aware numeric primitives."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`zerocopy::byteorder` tiene tipos para primitivos numéricos conscientes del "
|
|
"orden de bytes."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Run the example with `cargo run` under `src/bare-metal/useful-crates/"
|
|
"zerocopy-example/`. (It won't run in the Playground because of the crate "
|
|
"dependency.)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ejecuta el ejemplo con `cargo run` en `src/bare-metal/useful-crates/zerocopy-"
|
|
"example/`. (No se ejecutará en el playground debido a la dependencia del "
|
|
"crate)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The [`aarch64-paging`](https://crates.io/crates/aarch64-paging) crate lets "
|
|
"you create page tables according to the AArch64 Virtual Memory System "
|
|
"Architecture."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El crate [`aarch64-paging`](https://crates.io/crates/aarch64-paging) permite "
|
|
"crear tablas de páginas de acuerdo con la arquitectura del sistema de "
|
|
"memoria virtual AArch64."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md
|
|
msgid "// Create a new page table with identity mapping.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Crea una tabla de páginas con mapeado de identidades.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md
|
|
msgid "// Map a 2 MiB region of memory as read-only.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Asigna una región de 2 MiB de memoria como de solo lectura.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md
|
|
msgid "// Set `TTBR0_EL1` to activate the page table.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Configura `TTBR0_EL1` para activar la tabla de páginas.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"For now it only supports EL1, but support for other exception levels should "
|
|
"be straightforward to add."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Por ahora, solo es compatible con EL1, pero debería ser sencillo añadir "
|
|
"compatibilidad con otros niveles de excepción."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This is used in Android for the [Protected VM Firmware](https://cs.android."
|
|
"com/android/platform/superproject/+/master:packages/modules/Virtualization/"
|
|
"pvmfw/)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Se utiliza en Android para el [Firmware de Máquina Virtual Protegida]"
|
|
"(https://cs.android.com/android/platform/superproject/+/master:packages/"
|
|
"modules/Virtualization/pvmfw/)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/aarch64-paging.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"There's no easy way to run this example, as it needs to run on real hardware "
|
|
"or under QEMU."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"No hay una forma sencilla de ejecutar este ejemplo, ya que debe hacerse en "
|
|
"hardware real o en QEMU."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/buddy_system_allocator.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[`buddy_system_allocator`](https://crates.io/crates/buddy_system_allocator) "
|
|
"is a third-party crate implementing a basic buddy system allocator. It can "
|
|
"be used both for [`LockedHeap`](https://docs.rs/buddy_system_allocator/0.9.0/"
|
|
"buddy_system_allocator/struct.LockedHeap.html) implementing [`GlobalAlloc`]"
|
|
"(https://doc.rust-lang.org/core/alloc/trait.GlobalAlloc.html) so you can use "
|
|
"the standard `alloc` crate (as we saw [before](../alloc.md)), or for "
|
|
"allocating other address space. For example, we might want to allocate MMIO "
|
|
"space for PCI BARs:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[`buddy_system_allocator`](https://crates.io/crates/buddy_system_allocator) "
|
|
"es un crate de terceros que implementa un asignador básico del sistema "
|
|
"buddy. Se puede utilizar tanto para [`LockedHeap`](https://docs.rs/"
|
|
"buddy_system_allocator/0.9.0/buddy_system_allocator/struct.LockedHeap.html) "
|
|
"implementando [`GlobalAlloc`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/core/alloc/trait."
|
|
"GlobalAlloc.html), de forma que puedas usar el crate `alloc` estándar (tal y "
|
|
"como vimos [antes](../alloc.md)), o para asignar otro espacio de "
|
|
"direcciones. Por ejemplo, podríamos querer asignar espacio MMIO para los "
|
|
"registros de dirección base (BAR) de PCI:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/buddy_system_allocator.md
|
|
msgid "PCI BARs always have alignment equal to their size."
|
|
msgstr "Los BAR de PCI siempre tienen una alineación igual a su tamaño."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/buddy_system_allocator.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Run the example with `cargo run` under `src/bare-metal/useful-crates/"
|
|
"allocator-example/`. (It won't run in the Playground because of the crate "
|
|
"dependency.)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ejecuta el ejemplo con `cargo run` en `src/bare-metal/useful-crates/"
|
|
"allocator-example/`. (No se ejecutará en el playground debido a la "
|
|
"dependencia del crate)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/tinyvec.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Sometimes you want something which can be resized like a `Vec`, but without "
|
|
"heap allocation. [`tinyvec`](https://crates.io/crates/tinyvec) provides "
|
|
"this: a vector backed by an array or slice, which could be statically "
|
|
"allocated or on the stack, which keeps track of how many elements are used "
|
|
"and panics if you try to use more than are allocated."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"A veces, se necesita algo que se pueda cambiar de tamaño, como `Vec`, pero "
|
|
"sin asignación de _heap_. [`tinyvec`](https://crates.io/crates/tinyvec) "
|
|
"ofrece un vector respaldado por un array o slice, que se podría asignar "
|
|
"estáticamente o en la _stack_, y que hace un seguimiento de cuántos "
|
|
"elementos se usan, entrando en _panic_ si intentas utilizar más elementos de "
|
|
"los asignados."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/tinyvec.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`tinyvec` requires that the element type implement `Default` for "
|
|
"initialisation."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`tinyvec` requiere que el tipo de elemento implemente `Default` para la "
|
|
"inicialización."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/tinyvec.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The Rust Playground includes `tinyvec`, so this example will run fine inline."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El playground de Rust incluye `tinyvec`, por lo que este ejemplo se "
|
|
"ejecutará bien aunque esté insertado."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`std::sync::Mutex` and the other synchronisation primitives from `std::sync` "
|
|
"are not available in `core` or `alloc`. How can we manage synchronisation or "
|
|
"interior mutability, such as for sharing state between different CPUs?"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`std::sync::Mutex` y el resto de los primitivos de sincronización de `std::"
|
|
"sync` no están disponibles en `core` o `alloc`. ¿Cómo podemos gestionar la "
|
|
"sincronización o la mutabilidad interior para, por ejemplo, compartir el "
|
|
"estado entre diferentes CPUs?"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The [`spin`](https://crates.io/crates/spin) crate provides spinlock-based "
|
|
"equivalents of many of these primitives."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El crate [`spin`](https://crates.io/crates/spin) proporciona equivalentes "
|
|
"basados en spinlocks de muchos de estos primitivos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md
|
|
msgid "Be careful to avoid deadlock if you take locks in interrupt handlers."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Intenta evitar interbloqueos si usas bloqueos en los controladores de las "
|
|
"interrupciones."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`spin` also has a ticket lock mutex implementation; equivalents of `RwLock`, "
|
|
"`Barrier` and `Once` from `std::sync`; and `Lazy` for lazy initialisation."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`spin` también cuenta con una implementación de exclusión mutua de bloqueo "
|
|
"de tickets; equivalentes de `RwLock`, `Barrier` y `Once` de `std::sync`, y "
|
|
"`Lazy` para inicialización perezosa"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The [`once_cell`](https://crates.io/crates/once_cell) crate also has some "
|
|
"useful types for late initialisation with a slightly different approach to "
|
|
"`spin::once::Once`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El crate [`once_cell`](https://crates.io/crates/once_cell) también tiene "
|
|
"algunos tipos útiles de inicialización tardía con un enfoque ligeramente "
|
|
"distinto al de `spin::once::Once`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/useful-crates/spin.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The Rust Playground includes `spin`, so this example will run fine inline."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El playground de Rust incluye `spin`, por lo que este ejemplo se ejecutará "
|
|
"bien aunque está insertado."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/android.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"To build a bare-metal Rust binary in AOSP, you need to use a "
|
|
"`rust_ffi_static` Soong rule to build your Rust code, then a `cc_binary` "
|
|
"with a linker script to produce the binary itself, and then a `raw_binary` "
|
|
"to convert the ELF to a raw binary ready to be run."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Para compilar un binario de Rust bare-metal en AOSP, tienes que usar una "
|
|
"regla `rust_ffi_static` de Soong para crear tu código Rust y, seguidamente, "
|
|
"un `cc_binary` con una secuencia de comandos de enlazador para producir el "
|
|
"binario en sí. Por último, un `raw_binary` para convertir el ELF en un "
|
|
"binario sin formato que pueda ejecutarse."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/android/vmbase.md
|
|
msgid "vmbase"
|
|
msgstr "vmbase"
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/android/vmbase.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"For VMs running under crosvm on aarch64, the [vmbase](https://android."
|
|
"googlesource.com/platform/packages/modules/Virtualization/+/refs/heads/"
|
|
"master/vmbase/) library provides a linker script and useful defaults for the "
|
|
"build rules, along with an entry point, UART console logging and more."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En el caso de las máquinas virtuales que se ejecutan con crosvm en aarch64, "
|
|
"la biblioteca [vmbase](https://android.googlesource.com/platform/packages/"
|
|
"modules/Virtualization/+/refs/heads/master/vmbase/) proporciona una "
|
|
"secuencia de comandos de enlazador y valores predeterminados útiles para las "
|
|
"reglas de compilación, además de un punto de entrada, registro de la consola "
|
|
"UART y mucho más."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/android/vmbase.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `main!` macro marks your main function, to be called from the `vmbase` "
|
|
"entry point."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La macro `main!` indica tu función principal, que se llama desde el punto de "
|
|
"entrada `vmbase`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/bare-metal/android/vmbase.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `vmbase` entry point handles console initialisation, and issues a "
|
|
"PSCI_SYSTEM_OFF to shutdown the VM if your main function returns."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El punto de entrada `vmbase` gestiona la inicialización de la consola y "
|
|
"emite PSCI_SYSTEM_OFF para apagar la máquina virtual si tu función principal "
|
|
"devuelve un resultado."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "We will write a driver for the PL031 real-time clock device."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Escribiremos un controlador para el dispositivo de reloj en tiempo real "
|
|
"PL031."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/afternoon.md src/exercises/concurrency/afternoon.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"After looking at the exercises, you can look at the [solutions](solutions-"
|
|
"afternoon.md) provided."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Luego de ver los ejercicios, puedes ver las [soluciones](solutions-afternoon."
|
|
"md) que se brindan."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "RTC driver"
|
|
msgstr "Controlador RTC"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The QEMU aarch64 virt machine has a [PL031](https://developer.arm.com/"
|
|
"documentation/ddi0224/c) real-time clock at 0x9010000. For this exercise, "
|
|
"you should write a driver for it."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La máquina virtual aarch64 de QEMU tiene un reloj en tiempo real [PL031]"
|
|
"(https://developer.arm.com/documentation/ddi0224/c) en 0x9010000. En este "
|
|
"ejercicio, debes escribir un controlador para el reloj."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Use it to print the current time to the serial console. You can use the "
|
|
"[`chrono`](https://crates.io/crates/chrono) crate for date/time formatting."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Úsalo para imprimir la hora en la consola serie. Puedes usar el crate "
|
|
"[`chrono`](https://crates.io/crates/chrono) para dar formato a la fecha y la "
|
|
"hora."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Use the match register and raw interrupt status to busy-wait until a given "
|
|
"time, e.g. 3 seconds in the future. (Call [`core::hint::spin_loop`](https://"
|
|
"doc.rust-lang.org/core/hint/fn.spin_loop.html) inside the loop.)"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Utiliza el registro de coincidencias y el estado de interrupción sin formato "
|
|
"para esperar hasta un momento dado, por ejemplo, un adelanto de 3 segundos. "
|
|
"(Llama a [`core::hint::spin_loop`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/core/hint/fn."
|
|
"spin_loop.html) dentro d+el bucle)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"_Extension if you have time:_ Enable and handle the interrupt generated by "
|
|
"the RTC match. You can use the driver provided in the [`arm-gic`](https://"
|
|
"docs.rs/arm-gic/) crate to configure the Arm Generic Interrupt Controller."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"_Ampliación si hay tiempo:_ habilita y gestiona la interrupción que genera "
|
|
"la coincidencia de RTC. Puedes usar el controlador que se proporciona con el "
|
|
"crate [`arm-gic`](https://docs.rs/arm-gic/) para configurar el controlador "
|
|
"de interrupciones genérico (GIC) de Arm."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "Use the RTC interrupt, which is wired to the GIC as `IntId::spi(2)`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Utiliza la interrupción de RTC, que está conectada al GIC como `IntId::"
|
|
"spi(2)`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Once the interrupt is enabled, you can put the core to sleep via `arm_gic::"
|
|
"wfi()`, which will cause the core to sleep until it receives an interrupt."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Después de habilitar la interrupción, puedes poner el núcleo en suspensión "
|
|
"mediante `arm_gic::wfi()`, lo que hará que entre en suspensión hasta que "
|
|
"reciba una interrupción."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Download the [exercise template](../../comprehensive-rust-exercises.zip) and "
|
|
"look in the `rtc` directory for the following files."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Descarga la [plantilla de ejercicio](../../comprehensive-rust-exercises.zip) "
|
|
"y busca en el directorio `rtc` los siguientes archivos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "/// Base addresses of the GICv3.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Direcciones base de GICv3.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "\"main({:#x}, {:#x}, {:#x}, {:#x})\""
|
|
msgstr "\"main({:#x}, {:#x}, {:#x}, {:#x})\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// Safe because `GICD_BASE_ADDRESS` and `GICR_BASE_ADDRESS` are the base\n"
|
|
" // addresses of a GICv3 distributor and redistributor respectively, and\n"
|
|
" // nothing else accesses those address ranges.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// Es seguro porque `GICD_BASE_ADDRESS` y `GICR_BASE_ADDRESS` son las "
|
|
"direcciones base\n"
|
|
" // de un distribuidor y un redistribuidor GICv3 respectivamente,\n"
|
|
" // y ningún otro elemento tiene acceso a esos intervalos de "
|
|
"direcciones.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "// TODO: Create instance of RTC driver and print current time.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// TAREA: crear una instancia del controlador RTC e imprimir la hora "
|
|
"actual.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "// TODO: Wait for 3 seconds.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// TAREA: esperar 3 segundos.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"_src/exceptions.rs_ (you should only need to change this for the 3rd part of "
|
|
"the exercise):"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`src/exceptions.rs` (solo se debería cambiar esto en la tercera parte del "
|
|
"ejercicio):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n"
|
|
"//\n"
|
|
"// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n"
|
|
"// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n"
|
|
"// You may obtain a copy of the License at\n"
|
|
"//\n"
|
|
"// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n"
|
|
"//\n"
|
|
"// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n"
|
|
"// distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n"
|
|
"// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n"
|
|
"// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n"
|
|
"// limitations under the License.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n"
|
|
"//\n"
|
|
"// Con licencia Apache, versión 2.0 (la \"Licencia\");\n"
|
|
"// Este archivo solo se puede utilizar según lo estipulado en la Licencia.\n"
|
|
"// Puedes obtener una copia de la Licencia en\n"
|
|
"//\n"
|
|
"// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n"
|
|
"//\n"
|
|
"// Salvo que lo exija la legislación aplicable o se haya acordado por "
|
|
"escrito, el software\n"
|
|
"// distribuido bajo la Licencia se distribuye \"TAL CUAL\",\n"
|
|
"// SIN GARANTÍAS NI CONDICIONES DE NINGÚN TIPO, ya sean explícitas o "
|
|
"implícitas.\n"
|
|
"// Consulta la Licencia para saber los permisos y las limitaciones "
|
|
"aplicables a cada idioma\n"
|
|
"//.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "\"sync_exception_current\""
|
|
msgstr "\"sync_exception_current\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "\"irq_current\""
|
|
msgstr "\"irq_current\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "\"No pending interrupt\""
|
|
msgstr "\"No hay interrupciones pendientes\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "\"IRQ {intid:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"IRQ {intid:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "\"fiq_current\""
|
|
msgstr "\"fiq_current\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "\"serr_current\""
|
|
msgstr "\"serr_current\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "\"sync_lower\""
|
|
msgstr "\"sync_lower\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "\"irq_lower\""
|
|
msgstr "\"irq_lower\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "\"fiq_lower\""
|
|
msgstr "\"fiq_lower\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "\"serr_lower\""
|
|
msgstr "\"serr_lower\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "_src/logger.rs_ (you shouldn't need to change this):"
|
|
msgstr "_src/logger.rs_ (no debería ser necesario cambiarlo):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "// ANCHOR: main\n"
|
|
msgstr "// ANCHOR: main\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "_src/pl011.rs_ (you shouldn't need to change this):"
|
|
msgstr "_src/pl011.rs_ (no debería ser necesario cambiarlo):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "// ANCHOR: Flags\n"
|
|
msgstr "// ANCHOR: Flags\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "// ANCHOR_END: Flags\n"
|
|
msgstr "// ANCHOR_END: Flags\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// Flags from the UART Receive Status Register / Error Clear Register.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"/// Marcas del registro de estado de recepción de UART/Registro de borrado "
|
|
"de errores.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "/// Framing error.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Error de encuadre.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "/// Parity error.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Error de paridad.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "/// Break error.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Error de break.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "/// Overrun error.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Error de desbordamiento.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "// ANCHOR: Registers\n"
|
|
msgstr "// ANCHOR: Registers\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "// ANCHOR_END: Registers\n"
|
|
msgstr "// ANCHOR_END: Registers\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// ANCHOR: Uart\n"
|
|
"/// Driver for a PL011 UART.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// ANCHOR: Uart\n"
|
|
"/// Controlador para un UART PL011.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// Constructs a new instance of the UART driver for a PL011 device at the\n"
|
|
" /// given base address.\n"
|
|
" ///\n"
|
|
" /// # Safety\n"
|
|
" ///\n"
|
|
" /// The given base address must point to the MMIO control registers of "
|
|
"a\n"
|
|
" /// PL011 device, which must be mapped into the address space of the "
|
|
"process\n"
|
|
" /// as device memory and not have any other aliases.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"/// Crea una instancia nueva del controlador UART para un dispositivo PL011 "
|
|
"en la\n"
|
|
" /// dirección base proporcionada.\n"
|
|
" ///\n"
|
|
" /// # Seguridad\n"
|
|
" ///\n"
|
|
" /// El objeto la dirección base debe apuntar a los registros de control "
|
|
"MMIO de un dispositivo\n"
|
|
" /// PL011, que debe asignarse al espacio de direcciones del proceso\n"
|
|
" /// como memoria del dispositivo y no tener ningún otro alias.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "// ANCHOR_END: Uart\n"
|
|
msgstr "// ANCHOR_END: Uart\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "_build.rs_ (you shouldn't need to change this):"
|
|
msgstr "_build.rs_ (no debería ser necesario cambiarlo):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "\"linux\""
|
|
msgstr "\"linux\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "\"CROSS_COMPILE\""
|
|
msgstr "\"CROSS_COMPILE\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "\"aarch64-linux-gnu\""
|
|
msgstr "\"aarch64-linux-gnu\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "\"aarch64-none-elf\""
|
|
msgstr "\"aarch64-none-elf\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "\"entry.S\""
|
|
msgstr "\"entry.S\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "\"exceptions.S\""
|
|
msgstr "\"exceptions.S\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "\"idmap.S\""
|
|
msgstr "\"idmap.S\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "\"empty\""
|
|
msgstr "\"empty\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "_entry.S_ (you shouldn't need to change this):"
|
|
msgstr "_entry.S_ (no debería ser necesario cambiarlo):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```armasm\n"
|
|
"/*\n"
|
|
" * Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n"
|
|
" *\n"
|
|
" * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n"
|
|
" * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n"
|
|
" * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n"
|
|
" *\n"
|
|
" * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n"
|
|
" *\n"
|
|
" * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n"
|
|
" * distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n"
|
|
" * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n"
|
|
" * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n"
|
|
" * limitations under the License.\n"
|
|
" */\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".macro adr_l, reg:req, sym:req\n"
|
|
"\tadrp \\reg, \\sym\n"
|
|
"\tadd \\reg, \\reg, :lo12:\\sym\n"
|
|
".endm\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".macro mov_i, reg:req, imm:req\n"
|
|
"\tmovz \\reg, :abs_g3:\\imm\n"
|
|
"\tmovk \\reg, :abs_g2_nc:\\imm\n"
|
|
"\tmovk \\reg, :abs_g1_nc:\\imm\n"
|
|
"\tmovk \\reg, :abs_g0_nc:\\imm\n"
|
|
".endm\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".set .L_MAIR_DEV_nGnRE,\t0x04\n"
|
|
".set .L_MAIR_MEM_WBWA,\t0xff\n"
|
|
".set .Lmairval, .L_MAIR_DEV_nGnRE | (.L_MAIR_MEM_WBWA << 8)\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"/* 4 KiB granule size for TTBR0_EL1. */\n"
|
|
".set .L_TCR_TG0_4KB, 0x0 << 14\n"
|
|
"/* 4 KiB granule size for TTBR1_EL1. */\n"
|
|
".set .L_TCR_TG1_4KB, 0x2 << 30\n"
|
|
"/* Disable translation table walk for TTBR1_EL1, generating a translation "
|
|
"fault instead. */\n"
|
|
".set .L_TCR_EPD1, 0x1 << 23\n"
|
|
"/* Translation table walks for TTBR0_EL1 are inner sharable. */\n"
|
|
".set .L_TCR_SH_INNER, 0x3 << 12\n"
|
|
"/*\n"
|
|
" * Translation table walks for TTBR0_EL1 are outer write-back read-allocate "
|
|
"write-allocate\n"
|
|
" * cacheable.\n"
|
|
" */\n"
|
|
".set .L_TCR_RGN_OWB, 0x1 << 10\n"
|
|
"/*\n"
|
|
" * Translation table walks for TTBR0_EL1 are inner write-back read-allocate "
|
|
"write-allocate\n"
|
|
" * cacheable.\n"
|
|
" */\n"
|
|
".set .L_TCR_RGN_IWB, 0x1 << 8\n"
|
|
"/* Size offset for TTBR0_EL1 is 2**39 bytes (512 GiB). */\n"
|
|
".set .L_TCR_T0SZ_512, 64 - 39\n"
|
|
".set .Ltcrval, .L_TCR_TG0_4KB | .L_TCR_TG1_4KB | .L_TCR_EPD1 | ."
|
|
"L_TCR_RGN_OWB\n"
|
|
".set .Ltcrval, .Ltcrval | .L_TCR_RGN_IWB | .L_TCR_SH_INNER | ."
|
|
"L_TCR_T0SZ_512\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"/* Stage 1 instruction access cacheability is unaffected. */\n"
|
|
".set .L_SCTLR_ELx_I, 0x1 << 12\n"
|
|
"/* SP alignment fault if SP is not aligned to a 16 byte boundary. */\n"
|
|
".set .L_SCTLR_ELx_SA, 0x1 << 3\n"
|
|
"/* Stage 1 data access cacheability is unaffected. */\n"
|
|
".set .L_SCTLR_ELx_C, 0x1 << 2\n"
|
|
"/* EL0 and EL1 stage 1 MMU enabled. */\n"
|
|
".set .L_SCTLR_ELx_M, 0x1 << 0\n"
|
|
"/* Privileged Access Never is unchanged on taking an exception to EL1. */\n"
|
|
".set .L_SCTLR_EL1_SPAN, 0x1 << 23\n"
|
|
"/* SETEND instruction disabled at EL0 in aarch32 mode. */\n"
|
|
".set .L_SCTLR_EL1_SED, 0x1 << 8\n"
|
|
"/* Various IT instructions are disabled at EL0 in aarch32 mode. */\n"
|
|
".set .L_SCTLR_EL1_ITD, 0x1 << 7\n"
|
|
".set .L_SCTLR_EL1_RES1, (0x1 << 11) | (0x1 << 20) | (0x1 << 22) | (0x1 << "
|
|
"28) | (0x1 << 29)\n"
|
|
".set .Lsctlrval, .L_SCTLR_ELx_M | .L_SCTLR_ELx_C | .L_SCTLR_ELx_SA | ."
|
|
"L_SCTLR_EL1_ITD | .L_SCTLR_EL1_SED\n"
|
|
".set .Lsctlrval, .Lsctlrval | .L_SCTLR_ELx_I | .L_SCTLR_EL1_SPAN | ."
|
|
"L_SCTLR_EL1_RES1\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"/**\n"
|
|
" * This is a generic entry point for an image. It carries out the operations "
|
|
"required to prepare the\n"
|
|
" * loaded image to be run. Specifically, it zeroes the bss section using "
|
|
"registers x25 and above,\n"
|
|
" * prepares the stack, enables floating point, and sets up the exception "
|
|
"vector. It preserves x0-x3\n"
|
|
" * for the Rust entry point, as these may contain boot parameters.\n"
|
|
" */\n"
|
|
".section .init.entry, \"ax\"\n"
|
|
".global entry\n"
|
|
"entry:\n"
|
|
"\t/* Load and apply the memory management configuration, ready to enable MMU "
|
|
"and caches. */\n"
|
|
"\tadrp x30, idmap\n"
|
|
"\tmsr ttbr0_el1, x30\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\tmov_i x30, .Lmairval\n"
|
|
"\tmsr mair_el1, x30\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\tmov_i x30, .Ltcrval\n"
|
|
"\t/* Copy the supported PA range into TCR_EL1.IPS. */\n"
|
|
"\tmrs x29, id_aa64mmfr0_el1\n"
|
|
"\tbfi x30, x29, #32, #4\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\tmsr tcr_el1, x30\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\tmov_i x30, .Lsctlrval\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\t/*\n"
|
|
"\t * Ensure everything before this point has completed, then invalidate any "
|
|
"potentially stale\n"
|
|
"\t * local TLB entries before they start being used.\n"
|
|
"\t */\n"
|
|
"\tisb\n"
|
|
"\ttlbi vmalle1\n"
|
|
"\tic iallu\n"
|
|
"\tdsb nsh\n"
|
|
"\tisb\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\t/*\n"
|
|
"\t * Configure sctlr_el1 to enable MMU and cache and don't proceed until "
|
|
"this has completed.\n"
|
|
"\t */\n"
|
|
"\tmsr sctlr_el1, x30\n"
|
|
"\tisb\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\t/* Disable trapping floating point access in EL1. */\n"
|
|
"\tmrs x30, cpacr_el1\n"
|
|
"\torr x30, x30, #(0x3 << 20)\n"
|
|
"\tmsr cpacr_el1, x30\n"
|
|
"\tisb\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\t/* Zero out the bss section. */\n"
|
|
"\tadr_l x29, bss_begin\n"
|
|
"\tadr_l x30, bss_end\n"
|
|
"0:\tcmp x29, x30\n"
|
|
"\tb.hs 1f\n"
|
|
"\tstp xzr, xzr, [x29], #16\n"
|
|
"\tb 0b\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"1:\t/* Prepare the stack. */\n"
|
|
"\tadr_l x30, boot_stack_end\n"
|
|
"\tmov sp, x30\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\t/* Set up exception vector. */\n"
|
|
"\tadr x30, vector_table_el1\n"
|
|
"\tmsr vbar_el1, x30\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\t/* Call into Rust code. */\n"
|
|
"\tbl main\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\t/* Loop forever waiting for interrupts. */\n"
|
|
"2:\twfi\n"
|
|
"\tb 2b\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"```armasm\n"
|
|
"/*\n"
|
|
" * Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n"
|
|
" *\n"
|
|
" * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n"
|
|
" * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n"
|
|
" * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n"
|
|
" *\n"
|
|
" * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n"
|
|
" *\n"
|
|
" * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n"
|
|
" * distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n"
|
|
" * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n"
|
|
" * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n"
|
|
" * limitations under the License.\n"
|
|
" */\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".macro adr_l, reg:req, sym:req\n"
|
|
"\tadrp \\reg, \\sym\n"
|
|
"\tadd \\reg, \\reg, :lo12:\\sym\n"
|
|
".endm\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".macro mov_i, reg:req, imm:req\n"
|
|
"\tmovz \\reg, :abs_g3:\\imm\n"
|
|
"\tmovk \\reg, :abs_g2_nc:\\imm\n"
|
|
"\tmovk \\reg, :abs_g1_nc:\\imm\n"
|
|
"\tmovk \\reg, :abs_g0_nc:\\imm\n"
|
|
".endm\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".set .L_MAIR_DEV_nGnRE,\t0x04\n"
|
|
".set .L_MAIR_MEM_WBWA,\t0xff\n"
|
|
".set .Lmairval, .L_MAIR_DEV_nGnRE | (.L_MAIR_MEM_WBWA << 8)\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"/* 4 KiB granule size for TTBR0_EL1. */\n"
|
|
".set .L_TCR_TG0_4KB, 0x0 << 14\n"
|
|
"/* 4 KiB granule size for TTBR1_EL1. */\n"
|
|
".set .L_TCR_TG1_4KB, 0x2 << 30\n"
|
|
"/* Disable translation table walk for TTBR1_EL1, generating a translation "
|
|
"fault instead. */\n"
|
|
".set .L_TCR_EPD1, 0x1 << 23\n"
|
|
"/* Translation table walks for TTBR0_EL1 are inner sharable. */\n"
|
|
".set .L_TCR_SH_INNER, 0x3 << 12\n"
|
|
"/*\n"
|
|
" * Translation table walks for TTBR0_EL1 are outer write-back read-allocate "
|
|
"write-allocate\n"
|
|
" * cacheable.\n"
|
|
" */\n"
|
|
".set .L_TCR_RGN_OWB, 0x1 << 10\n"
|
|
"/*\n"
|
|
" * Translation table walks for TTBR0_EL1 are inner write-back read-allocate "
|
|
"write-allocate\n"
|
|
" * cacheable.\n"
|
|
" */\n"
|
|
".set .L_TCR_RGN_IWB, 0x1 << 8\n"
|
|
"/* Size offset for TTBR0_EL1 is 2**39 bytes (512 GiB). */\n"
|
|
".set .L_TCR_T0SZ_512, 64 - 39\n"
|
|
".set .Ltcrval, .L_TCR_TG0_4KB | .L_TCR_TG1_4KB | .L_TCR_EPD1 | ."
|
|
"L_TCR_RGN_OWB\n"
|
|
".set .Ltcrval, .Ltcrval | .L_TCR_RGN_IWB | .L_TCR_SH_INNER | ."
|
|
"L_TCR_T0SZ_512\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"/* Stage 1 instruction access cacheability is unaffected. */\n"
|
|
".set .L_SCTLR_ELx_I, 0x1 << 12\n"
|
|
"/* SP alignment fault if SP is not aligned to a 16 byte boundary. */\n"
|
|
".set .L_SCTLR_ELx_SA, 0x1 << 3\n"
|
|
"/* Stage 1 data access cacheability is unaffected. */\n"
|
|
".set .L_SCTLR_ELx_C, 0x1 << 2\n"
|
|
"/* EL0 and EL1 stage 1 MMU enabled. */\n"
|
|
".set .L_SCTLR_ELx_M, 0x1 << 0\n"
|
|
"/* Privileged Access Never is unchanged on taking an exception to EL1. */\n"
|
|
".set .L_SCTLR_EL1_SPAN, 0x1 << 23\n"
|
|
"/* SETEND instruction disabled at EL0 in aarch32 mode. */\n"
|
|
".set .L_SCTLR_EL1_SED, 0x1 << 8\n"
|
|
"/* Various IT instructions are disabled at EL0 in aarch32 mode. */\n"
|
|
".set .L_SCTLR_EL1_ITD, 0x1 << 7\n"
|
|
".set .L_SCTLR_EL1_RES1, (0x1 << 11) | (0x1 << 20) | (0x1 << 22) | (0x1 << "
|
|
"28) | (0x1 << 29)\n"
|
|
".set .Lsctlrval, .L_SCTLR_ELx_M | .L_SCTLR_ELx_C | .L_SCTLR_ELx_SA | ."
|
|
"L_SCTLR_EL1_ITD | .L_SCTLR_EL1_SED\n"
|
|
".set .Lsctlrval, .Lsctlrval | .L_SCTLR_ELx_I | .L_SCTLR_EL1_SPAN | ."
|
|
"L_SCTLR_EL1_RES1\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"/**\n"
|
|
" * Es un punto de entrada genérico para una imagen. It carries out the "
|
|
"operations required to prepare the\n"
|
|
" * loaded image to be run. Specifically, it zeroes the bss section using "
|
|
"registers x25 and above,\n"
|
|
" * prepares the stack, enables floating point, and sets up the exception "
|
|
"vector. It preserves x0-x3\n"
|
|
" * for the Rust entry point, as these may contain boot parameters.\n"
|
|
" */\n"
|
|
".section .init.entry, \"ax\"\n"
|
|
".global entry\n"
|
|
"entry:\n"
|
|
"\t/* Load and apply the memory management configuration, ready to enable MMU "
|
|
"and caches. */\n"
|
|
"\tadrp x30, idmap\n"
|
|
"\tmsr ttbr0_el1, x30\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\tmov_i x30, .Lmairval\n"
|
|
"\tmsr mair_el1, x30\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\tmov_i x30, .Ltcrval\n"
|
|
"\t/* Copy the supported PA range into TCR_EL1.IPS. */\n"
|
|
"\tmrs x29, id_aa64mmfr0_el1\n"
|
|
"\tbfi x30, x29, #32, #4\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\tmsr tcr_el1, x30\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\tmov_i x30, .Lsctlrval\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\t/*\n"
|
|
"\t * Ensure everything before this point has completed, then invalidate any "
|
|
"potentially stale\n"
|
|
"\t * local TLB entries before they start being used.\n"
|
|
"\t */\n"
|
|
"\tisb\n"
|
|
"\ttlbi vmalle1\n"
|
|
"\tic iallu\n"
|
|
"\tdsb nsh\n"
|
|
"\tisb\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\t/*\n"
|
|
"\t * Configure sctlr_el1 to enable MMU and cache and don't proceed until "
|
|
"this has completed.\n"
|
|
"\t */\n"
|
|
"\tmsr sctlr_el1, x30\n"
|
|
"\tisb\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\t/* Disable trapping floating point access in EL1. */\n"
|
|
"\tmrs x30, cpacr_el1\n"
|
|
"\torr x30, x30, #(0x3 << 20)\n"
|
|
"\tmsr cpacr_el1, x30\n"
|
|
"\tisb\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\t/* Zero out the bss section. */\n"
|
|
"\tadr_l x29, bss_begin\n"
|
|
"\tadr_l x30, bss_end\n"
|
|
"0:\tcmp x29, x30\n"
|
|
"\tb.hs 1f\n"
|
|
"\tstp xzr, xzr, [x29], #16\n"
|
|
"\tb 0b\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"1:\t/* Prepare the stack. */\n"
|
|
"\tadr_l x30, boot_stack_end\n"
|
|
"\tmov sp, x30\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\t/* Set up exception vector. */\n"
|
|
"\tadr x30, vector_table_el1\n"
|
|
"\tmsr vbar_el1, x30\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\t/* Call into Rust code. */\n"
|
|
"\tbl main\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\t/* Loop forever waiting for interrupts. */\n"
|
|
"2:\twfi\n"
|
|
"\tb 2b\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "_exceptions.S_ (you shouldn't need to change this):"
|
|
msgstr "_exceptions.S_ (no debería ser necesario cambiarlo):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```armasm\n"
|
|
"/*\n"
|
|
" * Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n"
|
|
" *\n"
|
|
" * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n"
|
|
" * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n"
|
|
" * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n"
|
|
" *\n"
|
|
" * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n"
|
|
" *\n"
|
|
" * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n"
|
|
" * distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n"
|
|
" * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n"
|
|
" * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n"
|
|
" * limitations under the License.\n"
|
|
" */\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"/**\n"
|
|
" * Saves the volatile registers onto the stack. This currently takes 14\n"
|
|
" * instructions, so it can be used in exception handlers with 18 "
|
|
"instructions\n"
|
|
" * left.\n"
|
|
" *\n"
|
|
" * On return, x0 and x1 are initialised to elr_el2 and spsr_el2 "
|
|
"respectively,\n"
|
|
" * which can be used as the first and second arguments of a subsequent "
|
|
"call.\n"
|
|
" */\n"
|
|
".macro save_volatile_to_stack\n"
|
|
"\t/* Reserve stack space and save registers x0-x18, x29 & x30. */\n"
|
|
"\tstp x0, x1, [sp, #-(8 * 24)]!\n"
|
|
"\tstp x2, x3, [sp, #8 * 2]\n"
|
|
"\tstp x4, x5, [sp, #8 * 4]\n"
|
|
"\tstp x6, x7, [sp, #8 * 6]\n"
|
|
"\tstp x8, x9, [sp, #8 * 8]\n"
|
|
"\tstp x10, x11, [sp, #8 * 10]\n"
|
|
"\tstp x12, x13, [sp, #8 * 12]\n"
|
|
"\tstp x14, x15, [sp, #8 * 14]\n"
|
|
"\tstp x16, x17, [sp, #8 * 16]\n"
|
|
"\tstr x18, [sp, #8 * 18]\n"
|
|
"\tstp x29, x30, [sp, #8 * 20]\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\t/*\n"
|
|
"\t * Save elr_el1 & spsr_el1. This such that we can take nested exception\n"
|
|
"\t * and still be able to unwind.\n"
|
|
"\t */\n"
|
|
"\tmrs x0, elr_el1\n"
|
|
"\tmrs x1, spsr_el1\n"
|
|
"\tstp x0, x1, [sp, #8 * 22]\n"
|
|
".endm\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"/**\n"
|
|
" * Restores the volatile registers from the stack. This currently takes 14\n"
|
|
" * instructions, so it can be used in exception handlers while still leaving "
|
|
"18\n"
|
|
" * instructions left; if paired with save_volatile_to_stack, there are 4\n"
|
|
" * instructions to spare.\n"
|
|
" */\n"
|
|
".macro restore_volatile_from_stack\n"
|
|
"\t/* Restore registers x2-x18, x29 & x30. */\n"
|
|
"\tldp x2, x3, [sp, #8 * 2]\n"
|
|
"\tldp x4, x5, [sp, #8 * 4]\n"
|
|
"\tldp x6, x7, [sp, #8 * 6]\n"
|
|
"\tldp x8, x9, [sp, #8 * 8]\n"
|
|
"\tldp x10, x11, [sp, #8 * 10]\n"
|
|
"\tldp x12, x13, [sp, #8 * 12]\n"
|
|
"\tldp x14, x15, [sp, #8 * 14]\n"
|
|
"\tldp x16, x17, [sp, #8 * 16]\n"
|
|
"\tldr x18, [sp, #8 * 18]\n"
|
|
"\tldp x29, x30, [sp, #8 * 20]\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\t/* Restore registers elr_el1 & spsr_el1, using x0 & x1 as scratch. */\n"
|
|
"\tldp x0, x1, [sp, #8 * 22]\n"
|
|
"\tmsr elr_el1, x0\n"
|
|
"\tmsr spsr_el1, x1\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\t/* Restore x0 & x1, and release stack space. */\n"
|
|
"\tldp x0, x1, [sp], #8 * 24\n"
|
|
".endm\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"/**\n"
|
|
" * This is a generic handler for exceptions taken at the current EL while "
|
|
"using\n"
|
|
" * SP0. It behaves similarly to the SPx case by first switching to SPx, "
|
|
"doing\n"
|
|
" * the work, then switching back to SP0 before returning.\n"
|
|
" *\n"
|
|
" * Switching to SPx and calling the Rust handler takes 16 instructions. To\n"
|
|
" * restore and return we need an additional 16 instructions, so we can "
|
|
"implement\n"
|
|
" * the whole handler within the allotted 32 instructions.\n"
|
|
" */\n"
|
|
".macro current_exception_sp0 handler:req\n"
|
|
"\tmsr spsel, #1\n"
|
|
"\tsave_volatile_to_stack\n"
|
|
"\tbl \\handler\n"
|
|
"\trestore_volatile_from_stack\n"
|
|
"\tmsr spsel, #0\n"
|
|
"\teret\n"
|
|
".endm\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"/**\n"
|
|
" * This is a generic handler for exceptions taken at the current EL while "
|
|
"using\n"
|
|
" * SPx. It saves volatile registers, calls the Rust handler, restores "
|
|
"volatile\n"
|
|
" * registers, then returns.\n"
|
|
" *\n"
|
|
" * This also works for exceptions taken from EL0, if we don't care about\n"
|
|
" * non-volatile registers.\n"
|
|
" *\n"
|
|
" * Saving state and jumping to the Rust handler takes 15 instructions, and\n"
|
|
" * restoring and returning also takes 15 instructions, so we can fit the "
|
|
"whole\n"
|
|
" * handler in 30 instructions, under the limit of 32.\n"
|
|
" */\n"
|
|
".macro current_exception_spx handler:req\n"
|
|
"\tsave_volatile_to_stack\n"
|
|
"\tbl \\handler\n"
|
|
"\trestore_volatile_from_stack\n"
|
|
"\teret\n"
|
|
".endm\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".section .text.vector_table_el1, \"ax\"\n"
|
|
".global vector_table_el1\n"
|
|
".balign 0x800\n"
|
|
"vector_table_el1:\n"
|
|
"sync_cur_sp0:\n"
|
|
"\tcurrent_exception_sp0 sync_exception_current\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".balign 0x80\n"
|
|
"irq_cur_sp0:\n"
|
|
"\tcurrent_exception_sp0 irq_current\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".balign 0x80\n"
|
|
"fiq_cur_sp0:\n"
|
|
"\tcurrent_exception_sp0 fiq_current\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".balign 0x80\n"
|
|
"serr_cur_sp0:\n"
|
|
"\tcurrent_exception_sp0 serr_current\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".balign 0x80\n"
|
|
"sync_cur_spx:\n"
|
|
"\tcurrent_exception_spx sync_exception_current\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".balign 0x80\n"
|
|
"irq_cur_spx:\n"
|
|
"\tcurrent_exception_spx irq_current\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".balign 0x80\n"
|
|
"fiq_cur_spx:\n"
|
|
"\tcurrent_exception_spx fiq_current\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".balign 0x80\n"
|
|
"serr_cur_spx:\n"
|
|
"\tcurrent_exception_spx serr_current\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".balign 0x80\n"
|
|
"sync_lower_64:\n"
|
|
"\tcurrent_exception_spx sync_lower\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".balign 0x80\n"
|
|
"irq_lower_64:\n"
|
|
"\tcurrent_exception_spx irq_lower\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".balign 0x80\n"
|
|
"fiq_lower_64:\n"
|
|
"\tcurrent_exception_spx fiq_lower\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".balign 0x80\n"
|
|
"serr_lower_64:\n"
|
|
"\tcurrent_exception_spx serr_lower\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".balign 0x80\n"
|
|
"sync_lower_32:\n"
|
|
"\tcurrent_exception_spx sync_lower\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".balign 0x80\n"
|
|
"irq_lower_32:\n"
|
|
"\tcurrent_exception_spx irq_lower\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".balign 0x80\n"
|
|
"fiq_lower_32:\n"
|
|
"\tcurrent_exception_spx fiq_lower\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".balign 0x80\n"
|
|
"serr_lower_32:\n"
|
|
"\tcurrent_exception_spx serr_lower\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"```armasm\n"
|
|
"/*\n"
|
|
" * Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n"
|
|
" *\n"
|
|
" * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n"
|
|
" * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n"
|
|
" * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n"
|
|
" *\n"
|
|
" * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n"
|
|
" *\n"
|
|
" * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n"
|
|
" * distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n"
|
|
" * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n"
|
|
" * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n"
|
|
" * limitations under the License.\n"
|
|
" */\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"/**\n"
|
|
" * Saves the volatile registers onto the stack. This currently takes 14\n"
|
|
" * instructions, so it can be used in exception handlers with 18 "
|
|
"instructions\n"
|
|
" * left.\n"
|
|
" *\n"
|
|
" * On return, x0 and x1 are initialised to elr_el2 and spsr_el2 "
|
|
"respectively,\n"
|
|
" * which can be used as the first and second arguments of a subsequent "
|
|
"call.\n"
|
|
" */\n"
|
|
".macro save_volatile_to_stack\n"
|
|
"\t/* Reserve stack space and save registers x0-x18, x29 & x30. */\n"
|
|
"\tstp x0, x1, [sp, #-(8 * 24)]!\n"
|
|
"\tstp x2, x3, [sp, #8 * 2]\n"
|
|
"\tstp x4, x5, [sp, #8 * 4]\n"
|
|
"\tstp x6, x7, [sp, #8 * 6]\n"
|
|
"\tstp x8, x9, [sp, #8 * 8]\n"
|
|
"\tstp x10, x11, [sp, #8 * 10]\n"
|
|
"\tstp x12, x13, [sp, #8 * 12]\n"
|
|
"\tstp x14, x15, [sp, #8 * 14]\n"
|
|
"\tstp x16, x17, [sp, #8 * 16]\n"
|
|
"\tstr x18, [sp, #8 * 18]\n"
|
|
"\tstp x29, x30, [sp, #8 * 20]\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\t/*\n"
|
|
"\t * Save elr_el1 & spsr_el1. This such that we can take nested exception\n"
|
|
"\t * and still be able to unwind.\n"
|
|
"\t */\n"
|
|
"\tmrs x0, elr_el1\n"
|
|
"\tmrs x1, spsr_el1\n"
|
|
"\tstp x0, x1, [sp, #8 * 22]\n"
|
|
".endm\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"/**\n"
|
|
" * Restores the volatile registers from the stack. This currently takes 14\n"
|
|
" * instructions, so it can be used in exception handlers while still leaving "
|
|
"18\n"
|
|
" * instructions left; if paired with save_volatile_to_stack, there are 4\n"
|
|
" * instructions to spare.\n"
|
|
" */\n"
|
|
".macro restore_volatile_from_stack\n"
|
|
"\t/* Restore registers x2-x18, x29 & x30. */\n"
|
|
"\tldp x2, x3, [sp, #8 * 2]\n"
|
|
"\tldp x4, x5, [sp, #8 * 4]\n"
|
|
"\tldp x6, x7, [sp, #8 * 6]\n"
|
|
"\tldp x8, x9, [sp, #8 * 8]\n"
|
|
"\tldp x10, x11, [sp, #8 * 10]\n"
|
|
"\tldp x12, x13, [sp, #8 * 12]\n"
|
|
"\tldp x14, x15, [sp, #8 * 14]\n"
|
|
"\tldp x16, x17, [sp, #8 * 16]\n"
|
|
"\tldr x18, [sp, #8 * 18]\n"
|
|
"\tldp x29, x30, [sp, #8 * 20]\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\t/* Restore registers elr_el1 & spsr_el1, using x0 & x1 as scratch. */\n"
|
|
"\tldp x0, x1, [sp, #8 * 22]\n"
|
|
"\tmsr elr_el1, x0\n"
|
|
"\tmsr spsr_el1, x1\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\t/* Restore x0 & x1, and release stack space. */\n"
|
|
"\tldp x0, x1, [sp], #8 * 24\n"
|
|
".endm\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"/**\n"
|
|
" * This is a generic handler for exceptions taken at the current EL while "
|
|
"using\n"
|
|
" * SP0. It behaves similarly to the SPx case by first switching to SPx, "
|
|
"doing\n"
|
|
" * the work, then switching back to SP0 before returning.\n"
|
|
" *\n"
|
|
" * Switching to SPx and calling the Rust handler takes 16 instructions. To\n"
|
|
" * restore and return we need an additional 16 instructions, so we can "
|
|
"implement\n"
|
|
" * the whole handler within the allotted 32 instructions.\n"
|
|
" */\n"
|
|
".macro current_exception_sp0 handler:req\n"
|
|
"\tmsr spsel, #1\n"
|
|
"\tsave_volatile_to_stack\n"
|
|
"\tbl \\handler\n"
|
|
"\trestore_volatile_from_stack\n"
|
|
"\tmsr spsel, #0\n"
|
|
"\teret\n"
|
|
".endm\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"/**\n"
|
|
" * This is a generic handler for exceptions taken at the current EL while "
|
|
"using\n"
|
|
" * SPx. It saves volatile registers, calls the Rust handler, restores "
|
|
"volatile\n"
|
|
" * registers, then returns.\n"
|
|
" *\n"
|
|
" * This also works for exceptions taken from EL0, if we don't care about\n"
|
|
" * non-volatile registers.\n"
|
|
" *\n"
|
|
" * Saving state and jumping to the Rust handler takes 15 instructions, and\n"
|
|
" * restoring and returning also takes 15 instructions, so we can fit the "
|
|
"whole\n"
|
|
" * handler in 30 instructions, under the limit of 32.\n"
|
|
" */\n"
|
|
".macro current_exception_spx handler:req\n"
|
|
"\tsave_volatile_to_stack\n"
|
|
"\tbl \\handler\n"
|
|
"\trestore_volatile_from_stack\n"
|
|
"\teret\n"
|
|
".endm\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".section .text.vector_table_el1, \"ax\"\n"
|
|
".global vector_table_el1\n"
|
|
".balign 0x800\n"
|
|
"vector_table_el1:\n"
|
|
"sync_cur_sp0:\n"
|
|
"\tcurrent_exception_sp0 sync_exception_current\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".balign 0x80\n"
|
|
"irq_cur_sp0:\n"
|
|
"\tcurrent_exception_sp0 irq_current\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".balign 0x80\n"
|
|
"fiq_cur_sp0:\n"
|
|
"\tcurrent_exception_sp0 fiq_current\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".balign 0x80\n"
|
|
"serr_cur_sp0:\n"
|
|
"\tcurrent_exception_sp0 serr_current\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".balign 0x80\n"
|
|
"sync_cur_spx:\n"
|
|
"\tcurrent_exception_spx sync_exception_current\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".balign 0x80\n"
|
|
"irq_cur_spx:\n"
|
|
"\tcurrent_exception_spx irq_current\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".balign 0x80\n"
|
|
"fiq_cur_spx:\n"
|
|
"\tcurrent_exception_spx fiq_current\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".balign 0x80\n"
|
|
"serr_cur_spx:\n"
|
|
"\tcurrent_exception_spx serr_current\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".balign 0x80\n"
|
|
"sync_lower_64:\n"
|
|
"\tcurrent_exception_spx sync_lower\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".balign 0x80\n"
|
|
"irq_lower_64:\n"
|
|
"\tcurrent_exception_spx irq_lower\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".balign 0x80\n"
|
|
"fiq_lower_64:\n"
|
|
"\tcurrent_exception_spx fiq_lower\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".balign 0x80\n"
|
|
"serr_lower_64:\n"
|
|
"\tcurrent_exception_spx serr_lower\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".balign 0x80\n"
|
|
"sync_lower_32:\n"
|
|
"\tcurrent_exception_spx sync_lower\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".balign 0x80\n"
|
|
"irq_lower_32:\n"
|
|
"\tcurrent_exception_spx irq_lower\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".balign 0x80\n"
|
|
"fiq_lower_32:\n"
|
|
"\tcurrent_exception_spx fiq_lower\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".balign 0x80\n"
|
|
"serr_lower_32:\n"
|
|
"\tcurrent_exception_spx serr_lower\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "_idmap.S_ (you shouldn't need to change this):"
|
|
msgstr "_idmap.S_ (no debería ser necesario cambiarlo):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```armasm\n"
|
|
"/*\n"
|
|
" * Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n"
|
|
" *\n"
|
|
" * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n"
|
|
" * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n"
|
|
" * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n"
|
|
" *\n"
|
|
" * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n"
|
|
" *\n"
|
|
" * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n"
|
|
" * distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n"
|
|
" * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n"
|
|
" * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n"
|
|
" * limitations under the License.\n"
|
|
" */\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".set .L_TT_TYPE_BLOCK, 0x1\n"
|
|
".set .L_TT_TYPE_PAGE, 0x3\n"
|
|
".set .L_TT_TYPE_TABLE, 0x3\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"/* Access flag. */\n"
|
|
".set .L_TT_AF, 0x1 << 10\n"
|
|
"/* Not global. */\n"
|
|
".set .L_TT_NG, 0x1 << 11\n"
|
|
".set .L_TT_XN, 0x3 << 53\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".set .L_TT_MT_DEV, 0x0 << 2\t\t\t// MAIR #0 (DEV_nGnRE)\n"
|
|
".set .L_TT_MT_MEM, (0x1 << 2) | (0x3 << 8)\t// MAIR #1 (MEM_WBWA), inner "
|
|
"shareable\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".set .L_BLOCK_DEV, .L_TT_TYPE_BLOCK | .L_TT_MT_DEV | .L_TT_AF | .L_TT_XN\n"
|
|
".set .L_BLOCK_MEM, .L_TT_TYPE_BLOCK | .L_TT_MT_MEM | .L_TT_AF | .L_TT_NG\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".section \".rodata.idmap\", \"a\", %progbits\n"
|
|
".global idmap\n"
|
|
".align 12\n"
|
|
"idmap:\n"
|
|
"\t/* level 1 */\n"
|
|
"\t.quad\t\t.L_BLOCK_DEV | 0x0\t\t // 1 GiB of device mappings\n"
|
|
"\t.quad\t\t.L_BLOCK_MEM | 0x40000000\t// 1 GiB of DRAM\n"
|
|
"\t.fill\t\t254, 8, 0x0\t\t\t// 254 GiB of unmapped VA space\n"
|
|
"\t.quad\t\t.L_BLOCK_DEV | 0x4000000000 // 1 GiB of device mappings\n"
|
|
"\t.fill\t\t255, 8, 0x0\t\t\t// 255 GiB of remaining VA space\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"```armasm\n"
|
|
"/*\n"
|
|
" * Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n"
|
|
" *\n"
|
|
" * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n"
|
|
" * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n"
|
|
" * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n"
|
|
" *\n"
|
|
" * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n"
|
|
" *\n"
|
|
" * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n"
|
|
" * distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n"
|
|
" * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n"
|
|
" * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n"
|
|
" * limitations under the License.\n"
|
|
" */\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".set .L_TT_TYPE_BLOCK, 0x1\n"
|
|
".set .L_TT_TYPE_PAGE, 0x3\n"
|
|
".set .L_TT_TYPE_TABLE, 0x3\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"/* Access flag. */\n"
|
|
".set .L_TT_AF, 0x1 << 10\n"
|
|
"/* Not global. */\n"
|
|
".set .L_TT_NG, 0x1 << 11\n"
|
|
".set .L_TT_XN, 0x3 << 53\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".set .L_TT_MT_DEV, 0x0 << 2\t\t\t// MAIR #0 (DEV_nGnRE)\n"
|
|
".set .L_TT_MT_MEM, (0x1 << 2) | (0x3 << 8)\t// MAIR #1 (MEM_WBWA), inner "
|
|
"shareable\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".set .L_BLOCK_DEV, .L_TT_TYPE_BLOCK | .L_TT_MT_DEV | .L_TT_AF | .L_TT_XN\n"
|
|
".set .L_BLOCK_MEM, .L_TT_TYPE_BLOCK | .L_TT_MT_MEM | .L_TT_AF | .L_TT_NG\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
".section \".rodata.idmap\", \"a\", %progbits\n"
|
|
".global idmap\n"
|
|
".align 12\n"
|
|
"idmap:\n"
|
|
"\t/* level 1 */\n"
|
|
"\t.quad\t\t.L_BLOCK_DEV | 0x0\t\t // 1 GiB of device mappings\n"
|
|
"\t.quad\t\t.L_BLOCK_MEM | 0x40000000\t// 1 GiB of DRAM\n"
|
|
"\t.fill\t\t254, 8, 0x0\t\t\t// 254 GiB of unmapped VA space\n"
|
|
"\t.quad\t\t.L_BLOCK_DEV | 0x4000000000 // 1 GiB of device mappings\n"
|
|
"\t.fill\t\t255, 8, 0x0\t\t\t// 255 GiB of remaining VA space\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "_image.ld_ (you shouldn't need to change this):"
|
|
msgstr "_image.ld_ (no debería ser necesario cambiarlo):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```ld\n"
|
|
"/*\n"
|
|
" * Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n"
|
|
" *\n"
|
|
" * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n"
|
|
" * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n"
|
|
" * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n"
|
|
" *\n"
|
|
" * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n"
|
|
" *\n"
|
|
" * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n"
|
|
" * distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n"
|
|
" * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n"
|
|
" * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n"
|
|
" * limitations under the License.\n"
|
|
" */\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"/*\n"
|
|
" * Code will start running at this symbol which is placed at the start of "
|
|
"the\n"
|
|
" * image.\n"
|
|
" */\n"
|
|
"ENTRY(entry)\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"MEMORY\n"
|
|
"{\n"
|
|
"\timage : ORIGIN = 0x40080000, LENGTH = 2M\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"SECTIONS\n"
|
|
"{\n"
|
|
"\t/*\n"
|
|
"\t * Collect together the code.\n"
|
|
"\t */\n"
|
|
"\t.init : ALIGN(4096) {\n"
|
|
"\t\ttext_begin = .;\n"
|
|
"\t\t*(.init.entry)\n"
|
|
"\t\t*(.init.*)\n"
|
|
"\t} >image\n"
|
|
"\t.text : {\n"
|
|
"\t\t*(.text.*)\n"
|
|
"\t} >image\n"
|
|
"\ttext_end = .;\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\t/*\n"
|
|
"\t * Collect together read-only data.\n"
|
|
"\t */\n"
|
|
"\t.rodata : ALIGN(4096) {\n"
|
|
"\t\trodata_begin = .;\n"
|
|
"\t\t*(.rodata.*)\n"
|
|
"\t} >image\n"
|
|
"\t.got : {\n"
|
|
"\t\t*(.got)\n"
|
|
"\t} >image\n"
|
|
"\trodata_end = .;\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\t/*\n"
|
|
"\t * Collect together the read-write data including .bss at the end which\n"
|
|
"\t * will be zero'd by the entry code.\n"
|
|
"\t */\n"
|
|
"\t.data : ALIGN(4096) {\n"
|
|
"\t\tdata_begin = .;\n"
|
|
"\t\t*(.data.*)\n"
|
|
"\t\t/*\n"
|
|
"\t\t * The entry point code assumes that .data is a multiple of 32\n"
|
|
"\t\t * bytes long.\n"
|
|
"\t\t */\n"
|
|
"\t\t. = ALIGN(32);\n"
|
|
"\t\tdata_end = .;\n"
|
|
"\t} >image\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\t/* Everything beyond this point will not be included in the binary. */\n"
|
|
"\tbin_end = .;\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\t/* The entry point code assumes that .bss is 16-byte aligned. */\n"
|
|
"\t.bss : ALIGN(16) {\n"
|
|
"\t\tbss_begin = .;\n"
|
|
"\t\t*(.bss.*)\n"
|
|
"\t\t*(COMMON)\n"
|
|
"\t\t. = ALIGN(16);\n"
|
|
"\t\tbss_end = .;\n"
|
|
"\t} >image\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\t.stack (NOLOAD) : ALIGN(4096) {\n"
|
|
"\t\tboot_stack_begin = .;\n"
|
|
"\t\t. += 40 * 4096;\n"
|
|
"\t\t. = ALIGN(4096);\n"
|
|
"\t\tboot_stack_end = .;\n"
|
|
"\t} >image\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\t. = ALIGN(4K);\n"
|
|
"\tPROVIDE(dma_region = .);\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\t/*\n"
|
|
"\t * Remove unused sections from the image.\n"
|
|
"\t */\n"
|
|
"\t/DISCARD/ : {\n"
|
|
"\t\t/* The image loads itself so doesn't need these sections. */\n"
|
|
"\t\t*(.gnu.hash)\n"
|
|
"\t\t*(.hash)\n"
|
|
"\t\t*(.interp)\n"
|
|
"\t\t*(.eh_frame_hdr)\n"
|
|
"\t\t*(.eh_frame)\n"
|
|
"\t\t*(.note.gnu.build-id)\n"
|
|
"\t}\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"```ld\n"
|
|
"/*\n"
|
|
" * Copyright 2023 Google LLC\n"
|
|
" *\n"
|
|
" * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\");\n"
|
|
" * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.\n"
|
|
" * You may obtain a copy of the License at\n"
|
|
" *\n"
|
|
" * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0\n"
|
|
" *\n"
|
|
" * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software\n"
|
|
" * distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS,\n"
|
|
" * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.\n"
|
|
" * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and\n"
|
|
" * limitations under the License.\n"
|
|
" */\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"/*\n"
|
|
" * Code will start running at this symbol which is placed at the start of "
|
|
"the\n"
|
|
" * image.\n"
|
|
" */\n"
|
|
"ENTRY(entry)\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"MEMORY\n"
|
|
"{\n"
|
|
"\timage : ORIGIN = 0x40080000, LENGTH = 2M\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"SECTIONS\n"
|
|
"{\n"
|
|
"\t/*\n"
|
|
"\t * Collect together the code.\n"
|
|
"\t */\n"
|
|
"\t.init : ALIGN(4096) {\n"
|
|
"\t\ttext_begin = .;\n"
|
|
"\t\t*(.init.entry)\n"
|
|
"\t\t*(.init.*)\n"
|
|
"\t} >image\n"
|
|
"\t.text : {\n"
|
|
"\t\t*(.text.*)\n"
|
|
"\t} >image\n"
|
|
"\ttext_end = .;\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\t/*\n"
|
|
"\t * Collect together read-only data.\n"
|
|
"\t */\n"
|
|
"\t.rodata : ALIGN(4096) {\n"
|
|
"\t\trodata_begin = .;\n"
|
|
"\t\t*(.rodata.*)\n"
|
|
"\t} >image\n"
|
|
"\t.got : {\n"
|
|
"\t\t*(.got)\n"
|
|
"\t} >image\n"
|
|
"\trodata_end = .;\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\t/*\n"
|
|
"\t * Collect together the read-write data including .bss at the end which\n"
|
|
"\t * will be zero'd by the entry code.\n"
|
|
"\t */\n"
|
|
"\t.data : ALIGN(4096) {\n"
|
|
"\t\tdata_begin = .;\n"
|
|
"\t\t*(.data.*)\n"
|
|
"\t\t/*\n"
|
|
"\t\t * The entry point code assumes that .data is a multiple of 32\n"
|
|
"\t\t * bytes long.\n"
|
|
"\t\t */\n"
|
|
"\t\t. = ALIGN(32);\n"
|
|
"\t\tdata_end = .;\n"
|
|
"\t} >image\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\t/* Everything beyond this point will not be included in the binary. */\n"
|
|
"\tbin_end = .;\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\t/* The entry point code assumes that .bss is 16-byte aligned. */\n"
|
|
"\t.bss : ALIGN(16) {\n"
|
|
"\t\tbss_begin = .;\n"
|
|
"\t\t*(.bss.*)\n"
|
|
"\t\t*(COMMON)\n"
|
|
"\t\t. = ALIGN(16);\n"
|
|
"\t\tbss_end = .;\n"
|
|
"\t} >image\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\t.stack (NOLOAD) : ALIGN(4096) {\n"
|
|
"\t\tboot_stack_begin = .;\n"
|
|
"\t\t. += 40 * 4096;\n"
|
|
"\t\t. = ALIGN(4096);\n"
|
|
"\t\tboot_stack_end = .;\n"
|
|
"\t} >image\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\t. = ALIGN(4K);\n"
|
|
"\tPROVIDE(dma_region = .);\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"\t/*\n"
|
|
"\t * Remove unused sections from the image.\n"
|
|
"\t */\n"
|
|
"\t/DISCARD/ : {\n"
|
|
"\t\t/* The image loads itself so doesn't need these sections. */\n"
|
|
"\t\t*(.gnu.hash)\n"
|
|
"\t\t*(.hash)\n"
|
|
"\t\t*(.interp)\n"
|
|
"\t\t*(.eh_frame_hdr)\n"
|
|
"\t\t*(.eh_frame)\n"
|
|
"\t\t*(.note.gnu.build-id)\n"
|
|
"\t}\n"
|
|
"}\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "_Makefile_ (you shouldn't need to change this):"
|
|
msgstr "_Makefile_ (no debería ser necesario cambiarlo):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "# Copyright 2023 Google LLC"
|
|
msgstr "# Copyright 2023 Google LLC"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "$(shell uname -s)"
|
|
msgstr "$(shell uname -s)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "aarch64-linux-gnu"
|
|
msgstr "aarch64-linux-gnu"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "stdio -display none -kernel $< -s"
|
|
msgstr "stdio -display none -kernel $< -s"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "cargo clean"
|
|
msgstr "cargo clean"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/rtc.md
|
|
msgid "Run the code in QEMU with `make qemu`."
|
|
msgstr "Ejecuta el código en QEMU con `make qemu`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "Bare Metal Rust Afternoon"
|
|
msgstr "Rust Bare Metal: Tarde"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "([back to exercise](rtc.md))"
|
|
msgstr "([volver al ejercicio](rtc.md))"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "_main.rs_:"
|
|
msgstr "_main.rs_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "/// Base address of the PL031 RTC.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Dirección base de PL031 RTC.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "/// The IRQ used by the PL031 RTC.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// IRQ que utiliza PL031 RTC.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// Safe because `PL031_BASE_ADDRESS` is the base address of a PL031 device,\n"
|
|
" // and nothing else accesses that address range.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// Es seguro porque `PL031_BASE_ADDRESS` es la dirección base de un "
|
|
"dispositivo PL031\n"
|
|
" // y ningún otro elemento puede acceder a ese intervalo de direcciones.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "\"RTC: {time}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"RTC: {time}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "// Wait for 3 seconds, without interrupts.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Espera 3 segundos, sin interrupciones.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "\"Waiting for {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Esperando a {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "\"matched={}, interrupt_pending={}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"matched={}, interrupt_pending={}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "\"Finished waiting\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Espera finalizada\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "// Wait another 3 seconds for an interrupt.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Espera otros 3 segundos a que se produzca una interrupción.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "_pl031.rs_:"
|
|
msgstr "_pl031.rs_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "/// Data register\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Registro de datos\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "/// Match register\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Registro de coincidencias\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "/// Load register\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Registro de cargas\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "/// Control register\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Registro de control\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "/// Interrupt Mask Set or Clear register\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Interrumpe Mask Set o Clear register\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "/// Raw Interrupt Status\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Estado de interrupción sin procesar\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "/// Masked Interrupt Status\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Estado de interrupción enmascarada\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "/// Interrupt Clear Register\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Interrumpir registro de limpieza\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "/// Driver for a PL031 real-time clock.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Controlador para un reloj en tiempo real PL031.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// Constructs a new instance of the RTC driver for a PL031 device at the\n"
|
|
" /// given base address.\n"
|
|
" ///\n"
|
|
" /// # Safety\n"
|
|
" ///\n"
|
|
" /// The given base address must point to the MMIO control registers of "
|
|
"a\n"
|
|
" /// PL031 device, which must be mapped into the address space of the "
|
|
"process\n"
|
|
" /// as device memory and not have any other aliases.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"/// Crea una instancia nueva del controlador RTC para un dispositivo PL031 "
|
|
"en la\n"
|
|
" /// dirección base proporcionada.\n"
|
|
" ///\n"
|
|
" /// # Seguridad\n"
|
|
" ///\n"
|
|
" /// El objeto la dirección base debe apuntar a los registros de control "
|
|
"MMIO de un dispositivo\n"
|
|
" /// PL031, que debe asignarse al espacio de direcciones del proceso\n"
|
|
" /// como memoria del dispositivo y no tener ningún otro alias.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "/// Reads the current RTC value.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Lee el valor de RTC actual.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// Safe because we know that self.registers points to the control\n"
|
|
" // registers of a PL031 device which is appropriately mapped.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// Es seguro porque sabemos que self.registers apunta\n"
|
|
" // a los registros de control de un dispositivo PL031 que está "
|
|
"asignado correctamente.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// Writes a match value. When the RTC value matches this then an interrupt\n"
|
|
" /// will be generated (if it is enabled).\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"/// Escribe un valor de coincidencia. Cuando el valor de RTC coincida, se "
|
|
"generará una interrupción\n"
|
|
" /// (si está habilitada).\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// Returns whether the match register matches the RTC value, whether or "
|
|
"not\n"
|
|
" /// the interrupt is enabled.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"/// Devuelve en función de si el registro de coincidencias coincide con el "
|
|
"valor de RTC,\n"
|
|
" /// si la interrupción está habilitada o no.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// Returns whether there is currently an interrupt pending.\n"
|
|
" ///\n"
|
|
" /// This should be true if and only if `matched` returns true and the\n"
|
|
" /// interrupt is masked.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"/// Devuelve si hay una interrupción pendiente.\n"
|
|
" ///\n"
|
|
" /// Solo debe ser true si `matched` devuelve true y\n"
|
|
" /// la interrupción está enmascarada.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// Sets or clears the interrupt mask.\n"
|
|
" ///\n"
|
|
" /// When the mask is true the interrupt is enabled; when it is false "
|
|
"the\n"
|
|
" /// interrupt is disabled.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"/// Define o borra la máscara de interrupción.\n"
|
|
" ///\n"
|
|
" /// Si la máscara es true, se habilita la interrupción; Si es false,\n"
|
|
" /// se inhabilita la interrupción.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/bare-metal/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "/// Clears a pending interrupt, if any.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Borra una interrupción pendiente, si la hubiera.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency.md
|
|
msgid "Welcome to Concurrency in Rust"
|
|
msgstr "Te Damos la Bienvenida a Concurrencia en Rust"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust has full support for concurrency using OS threads with mutexes and "
|
|
"channels."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust es totalmente compatible con la concurrencia mediante hilos del SO con "
|
|
"exclusiones mutuas y canales."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The Rust type system plays an important role in making many concurrency bugs "
|
|
"compile time bugs. This is often referred to as _fearless concurrency_ since "
|
|
"you can rely on the compiler to ensure correctness at runtime."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El sistema de tipos de Rust desempeña un papel importante al hacer que "
|
|
"muchos errores de concurrencia sean errores en tiempo de compilación. A "
|
|
"menudo, esto se conoce como _concurrencia sin miedo_, ya que puedes confiar "
|
|
"en el compilador para asegurar la corrección en el tiempo de ejecución."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/threads.md
|
|
msgid "Rust threads work similarly to threads in other languages:"
|
|
msgstr "Los hilos de Rust funcionan de forma similar a los de otros lenguajes:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/threads.md
|
|
msgid "\"Count in thread: {i}!\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Recuento en el hilo: {i}!\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/threads.md
|
|
msgid "\"Main thread: {i}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Hilo principal: {i}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/threads.md
|
|
msgid "Threads are all daemon threads, the main thread does not wait for them."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los hilos son todos hilos daemon, y el hilo principal no espera por ellos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/threads.md
|
|
msgid "Thread panics are independent of each other."
|
|
msgstr "Los pánicos de los hilos son independientes entre sí."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/threads.md
|
|
msgid "Panics can carry a payload, which can be unpacked with `downcast_ref`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los pánicos pueden transportar una carga útil, que se puede desempaquetar "
|
|
"con `downcast_ref`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/threads.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Notice that the thread is stopped before it reaches 10 --- the main thread "
|
|
"is not waiting."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Observa que el hilo se detiene antes de llegar a 10; el hilo principal no "
|
|
"está esperando."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/threads.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Use `let handle = thread::spawn(...)` and later `handle.join()` to wait for "
|
|
"the thread to finish."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Utiliza `let handle = thread::spawn(...)` y, después, `handle.join()` para "
|
|
"esperar a que el hilo termine."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/threads.md
|
|
msgid "Trigger a panic in the thread, notice how this doesn't affect `main`."
|
|
msgstr "Activa un pánico en el hilo y observa cómo esto no afecta a `main`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/threads.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Use the `Result` return value from `handle.join()` to get access to the "
|
|
"panic payload. This is a good time to talk about [`Any`](https://doc.rust-"
|
|
"lang.org/std/any/index.html)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Usa el valor devuelto `Result` de `handle.join.()` para acceder a la carga "
|
|
"útil del pánico. Este es un buen momento para hablar sobre [`Any`](https://"
|
|
"doc.rust-lang.org/std/any/index.html)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md
|
|
msgid "Normal threads cannot borrow from their environment:"
|
|
msgstr "Los hilos normales no pueden tomar nada prestado de su entorno:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"However, you can use a [scoped thread](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/thread/"
|
|
"fn.scope.html) for this:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Sin embargo, puedes usar un [hilo con ámbito](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/"
|
|
"thread/fn.scope.html) para lo siguiente:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The reason for that is that when the `thread::scope` function completes, all "
|
|
"the threads are guaranteed to be joined, so they can return borrowed data."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La razón es que, cuando se completa la función `thread::scope`, se asegura "
|
|
"que todos los hilos están unidos, por lo que pueden devolver datos prestados."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/scoped-threads.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Normal Rust borrowing rules apply: you can either borrow mutably by one "
|
|
"thread, or immutably by any number of threads."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Se aplican las reglas normales de préstamo de Rust: un hilo puede tomar "
|
|
"datos prestados de manera mutable o cualquier número de hilos puede tomar "
|
|
"datos prestados de manera inmutable."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/channels.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust channels have two parts: a `Sender<T>` and a `Receiver<T>`. The two "
|
|
"parts are connected via the channel, but you only see the end-points."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los canales de Rust tienen dos partes: `Sender<T>` y `Receiver<T>`. Las dos "
|
|
"partes están conectadas a través del canal, pero solo se ven los puntos "
|
|
"finales."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/channels.md
|
|
msgid "\"Received: {:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Recibido: {:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/channels.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`mpsc` stands for Multi-Producer, Single-Consumer. `Sender` and `SyncSender` "
|
|
"implement `Clone` (so you can make multiple producers) but `Receiver` does "
|
|
"not."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`mpsc` son las siglas de Multi-Producer, Single-Consumer (multiproductor, "
|
|
"consumidor único.) `Sender` y `SyncSender` implementan `Clone` (es decir, "
|
|
"puedes crear varios productores), pero `Receiver` no."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/channels.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`send()` and `recv()` return `Result`. If they return `Err`, it means the "
|
|
"counterpart `Sender` or `Receiver` is dropped and the channel is closed."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`send()` y `recv()` devuelven `Result`. Si devuelven `Err`, significa que el "
|
|
"homólogo `Sender` o `Receiver` se ha eliminado y el canal se ha cerrado."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md
|
|
msgid "You get an unbounded and asynchronous channel with `mpsc::channel()`:"
|
|
msgstr "Se obtiene un canal asíncrono y sin límites con `mpsc::channel()`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md
|
|
msgid "\"Message {i}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Mensaje {i}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md
|
|
msgid "\"{thread_id:?}: sent Message {i}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{thread_id:?}: mensaje enviado {i}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md
|
|
msgid "\"{thread_id:?}: done\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{thread_id:?}: completado\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/channels/unbounded.md src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md
|
|
msgid "\"Main: got {msg}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Principal: ha recibido {msg}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"With bounded (synchronous) channels, `send` can block the current thread:"
|
|
msgstr "Con canales limitados (síncronos), `send` puede bloquear el hilo:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Calling `send` will block the current thread until there is space in the "
|
|
"channel for the new message. The thread can be blocked indefinitely if there "
|
|
"is nobody who reads from the channel."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Al llamar a `send`, se bloqueará el hilo hasta que haya espacio suficiente "
|
|
"en el canal para el mensaje nuevo. El hilo se puede bloquear de forma "
|
|
"indefinida si no hay nadie que lea el canal."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A call to `send` will abort with an error (that is why it returns `Result`) "
|
|
"if the channel is closed. A channel is closed when the receiver is dropped."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si se cierra el canal, se anulará la llamada a `send` y se producirá un "
|
|
"error (por eso devuelve `Result`). Un canal se cierra cuando se elimina el "
|
|
"receptor."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/channels/bounded.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A bounded channel with a size of zero is called a \"rendezvous channel\". "
|
|
"Every send will block the current thread until another thread calls `read`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Un canal delimitado con un tamaño de cero se denomina \"canal rendezvous\". "
|
|
"Cada envío bloqueará el hilo actual hasta que otro hilo llame a `read`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"How does Rust know to forbid shared access across threads? The answer is in "
|
|
"two traits:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"¿Cómo sabe Rust que debe prohibir el acceso compartido entre hilos? La "
|
|
"respuesta está en dos traits:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[`Send`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Send.html): a type `T` "
|
|
"is `Send` if it is safe to move a `T` across a thread boundary."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[`Send`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Send.html): un tipo `T` "
|
|
"es `Send` si es seguro mover un `T` entre los límites de un hilo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[`Sync`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Sync.html): a type `T` "
|
|
"is `Sync` if it is safe to move a `&T` across a thread boundary."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[`Sync`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Sync.html): un tipo `T` "
|
|
"es `Sync` si es seguro mover un `&T` entre los límites de un hilo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`Send` and `Sync` are [unsafe traits](../unsafe/unsafe-traits.md). The "
|
|
"compiler will automatically derive them for your types as long as they only "
|
|
"contain `Send` and `Sync` types. You can also implement them manually when "
|
|
"you know it is valid."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`Send` y `Sync` son [traits inseguros](../unsafe/unsafe-traits.md). El "
|
|
"compilador los derivará automáticamente a tus tipos siempre que solo "
|
|
"contengan los tipos `Send` y `Sync`. También puedes implementarlos de forma "
|
|
"manual cuando sepas que es válido."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"One can think of these traits as markers that the type has certain thread-"
|
|
"safety properties."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Se podría pensar en estos traits como marcadores que indican que el tipo "
|
|
"tiene ciertas propiedades de seguridad en hilos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync.md
|
|
msgid "They can be used in the generic constraints as normal traits."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Se pueden utilizar en las restricciones genéricas como traits normales."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/send.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A type `T` is [`Send`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Send.html) "
|
|
"if it is safe to move a `T` value to another thread."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Un tipo `T` es [`Send`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Send."
|
|
"html) si es seguro mover un valor `T` a otro hilo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/send.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The effect of moving ownership to another thread is that _destructors_ will "
|
|
"run in that thread. So the question is when you can allocate a value in one "
|
|
"thread and deallocate it in another."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El efecto de mover la propiedad a otro hilo es que los _destructores_ se "
|
|
"ejecutarán en ese hilo. Por tanto, la cuestion es cuándo se puede asignar un "
|
|
"valor a un hilo y desasignarlo en otro."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/send.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"As an example, a connection to the SQLite library must only be accessed from "
|
|
"a single thread."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Por ejemplo, solo se puede acceder a una conexión a la biblioteca SQLite "
|
|
"desde un único hilo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A type `T` is [`Sync`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Sync.html) "
|
|
"if it is safe to access a `T` value from multiple threads at the same time."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Un tipo `T` es [`Sync`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/marker/trait.Sync."
|
|
"html) si es seguro acceder a un valor `T` desde varios hilos al mismo tiempo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md
|
|
msgid "More precisely, the definition is:"
|
|
msgstr "En concreto, la definición es la siguiente:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md
|
|
msgid "`T` is `Sync` if and only if `&T` is `Send`"
|
|
msgstr "`T` es `Sync` únicamente si `&T` es `Send`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This statement is essentially a shorthand way of saying that if a type is "
|
|
"thread-safe for shared use, it is also thread-safe to pass references of it "
|
|
"across threads."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Esta instrucción es, básicamente, una forma resumida de indicar que, si un "
|
|
"tipo es seguro para los hilos en uso compartido, también lo es para pasar "
|
|
"referencias de él a través de los hilos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/sync.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This is because if a type is Sync it means that it can be shared across "
|
|
"multiple threads without the risk of data races or other synchronization "
|
|
"issues, so it is safe to move it to another thread. A reference to the type "
|
|
"is also safe to move to another thread, because the data it references can "
|
|
"be accessed from any thread safely."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Esto se debe a que, si el tipo es Sync, significa que se puede compartir "
|
|
"entre múltiples hilos sin el riesgo de que haya carreras de datos u otros "
|
|
"problemas de sincronización, por lo que es seguro moverlo a otro hilo. "
|
|
"También es seguro mover una referencia al tipo a otro hilo, ya que se puede "
|
|
"acceder de forma segura a los datos a los que hace referencia desde "
|
|
"cualquier hilo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
|
|
msgid "`Send + Sync`"
|
|
msgstr "`Send + Sync`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
|
|
msgid "Most types you come across are `Send + Sync`:"
|
|
msgstr "La mayoría de los tipos que encuentras son `Send + Sync`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
|
|
msgid "`i8`, `f32`, `bool`, `char`, `&str`, ..."
|
|
msgstr "`i8`, `f32`, `bool`, `char`, `&str`, etc."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
|
|
msgid "`(T1, T2)`, `[T; N]`, `&[T]`, `struct { x: T }`, ..."
|
|
msgstr "`(T1, T2)`, `[T; N]`, `&[T]`, `struct { x: T }`, etc."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
|
|
msgid "`String`, `Option<T>`, `Vec<T>`, `Box<T>`, ..."
|
|
msgstr "`String`, `Option<T>`, `Vec<T>`, `Box<T>`, etc."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
|
|
msgid "`Arc<T>`: Explicitly thread-safe via atomic reference count."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`Arc<T>`: explícitamente seguro para los hilos mediante el recuento atómico "
|
|
"de referencias."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
|
|
msgid "`Mutex<T>`: Explicitly thread-safe via internal locking."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`Mutex<T>`: explícitamente seguro para los hilos mediante bloqueo interno."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
|
|
msgid "`AtomicBool`, `AtomicU8`, ...: Uses special atomic instructions."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`AtomicBool`, `AtomicU8`, etc.: utiliza instrucciones atómicas especiales."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The generic types are typically `Send + Sync` when the type parameters are "
|
|
"`Send + Sync`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los tipos genéricos suelen ser `Send + Sync` cuando los parámetros del tipo "
|
|
"son `Send + Sync`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
|
|
msgid "`Send + !Sync`"
|
|
msgstr "`Send + !Sync`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"These types can be moved to other threads, but they're not thread-safe. "
|
|
"Typically because of interior mutability:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Estos tipos se pueden mover a otros hilos, pero no son seguros para los "
|
|
"hilos. Normalmente, esto se debe a la mutabilidad interior:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
|
|
msgid "`mpsc::Sender<T>`"
|
|
msgstr "`mpsc::Sender<T>`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
|
|
msgid "`mpsc::Receiver<T>`"
|
|
msgstr "`mpsc::Receiver<T>`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
|
|
msgid "`Cell<T>`"
|
|
msgstr "`Cell<T>`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
|
|
msgid "`RefCell<T>`"
|
|
msgstr "`RefCell<T>`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
|
|
msgid "`!Send + Sync`"
|
|
msgstr "`!Send + Sync`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"These types are thread-safe, but they cannot be moved to another thread:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Estos tipos son seguros para los hilos _(thread safe)_, pero no se pueden "
|
|
"mover a otro hilo:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`MutexGuard<T: Sync>`: Uses OS level primitives which must be deallocated on "
|
|
"the thread which created them."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`MutexGuard<T>`: utiliza primitivos de nivel SO que se deben desasignar en "
|
|
"el hilo que los creó."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
|
|
msgid "`!Send + !Sync`"
|
|
msgstr "`!Send + !Sync`"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
|
|
msgid "These types are not thread-safe and cannot be moved to other threads:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Estos tipos no son seguros para los hilos y no se pueden mover a otros hilos:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`Rc<T>`: each `Rc<T>` has a reference to an `RcBox<T>`, which contains a non-"
|
|
"atomic reference count."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`Rc<T>`: cada `Rc<T>` tiene una referencia a un `RcBox<T>`, que contiene un "
|
|
"recuento de referencias no atómico."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/send-sync/examples.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`*const T`, `*mut T`: Rust assumes raw pointers may have special concurrency "
|
|
"considerations."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`*const T`, `*mut T`: Rust asume que los punteros sin procesar pueden tener "
|
|
"consideraciones especiales de concurrencia."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust uses the type system to enforce synchronization of shared data. This is "
|
|
"primarily done via two types:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust utiliza el sistema de tipos para implementar la sincronización de los "
|
|
"datos compartidos. Esto se hace principalmente a través de dos tipos:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[`Arc<T>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html), atomic "
|
|
"reference counted `T`: handles sharing between threads and takes care to "
|
|
"deallocate `T` when the last reference is dropped,"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[`Arc<T>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html), recuento "
|
|
"atómico de referencias `T`: gestiona el uso compartido entre hilos y se "
|
|
"encarga de desasignar `T` cuando se elimina la última referencia."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[`Mutex<T>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html): ensures "
|
|
"mutually exclusive access to the `T` value."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[`Mutex<T>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html): asegura "
|
|
"el acceso mutuamente excluyente al valor `T`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[`Arc<T>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html) allows shared "
|
|
"read-only access via `Arc::clone`:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[`Arc<T>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html) permite el "
|
|
"acceso compartido de solo lectura a través de `Arc::clone`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md
|
|
msgid "\"{thread_id:?}: {v:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{thread_id:?}: {v:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md
|
|
msgid "\"v: {v:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"v: {v:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`Arc` stands for \"Atomic Reference Counted\", a thread safe version of `Rc` "
|
|
"that uses atomic operations."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`Arc` son las siglas de \"Atomic Reference Counted\" (recuento atómico de "
|
|
"referencias), una versión de `Rc` segura para los hilos que utiliza "
|
|
"operaciones atómicas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`Arc<T>` implements `Clone` whether or not `T` does. It implements `Send` "
|
|
"and `Sync` if and only if `T` implements them both."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`Arc<T>` implementa `Clone`, independientemente de si `T` lo hace o no. "
|
|
"Implementa `Send` y `Sync` si `T` implementa ambos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`Arc::clone()` has the cost of atomic operations that get executed, but "
|
|
"after that the use of the `T` is free."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`Arc::clone()` tiene el coste de las operaciones atómicas que se ejecutan; "
|
|
"después el uso de `T` es libre."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Beware of reference cycles, `Arc` does not use a garbage collector to detect "
|
|
"them."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Hay que prestar atención a los ciclos de referencia, ya que `Arc` no usa un "
|
|
"recolector de memoria residual para detectarlos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/arc.md
|
|
msgid "`std::sync::Weak` can help."
|
|
msgstr "`std::sync::Weak` puede resultar útil."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[`Mutex<T>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html) ensures "
|
|
"mutual exclusion _and_ allows mutable access to `T` behind a read-only "
|
|
"interface (another form of [interior mutability](../../borrowing/interior-"
|
|
"mutability)):"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[`Mutex<T>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html) asegura "
|
|
"la exclusión mutua _y_ permite un acceso mutable a `T` a través de una "
|
|
"interfaz de solo lectura:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md
|
|
msgid "\"v: {:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"v: {:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Notice how we have a [`impl<T: Send> Sync for Mutex<T>`](https://doc.rust-"
|
|
"lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html#impl-Sync-for-Mutex%3CT%3E) blanket "
|
|
"implementation."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Fíjate en cómo tenemos una implementación general de [`impl<T: Send> Sync "
|
|
"for Mutex<T>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Mutex.html#impl-"
|
|
"Sync-for-Mutex%3CT%3E)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`Mutex` in Rust looks like a collection with just one element --- the "
|
|
"protected data."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`Mutex` en Rust parece una colección con un solo elemento: los datos "
|
|
"protegidos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"It is not possible to forget to acquire the mutex before accessing the "
|
|
"protected data."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"No es posible olvidarse de adquirir la exclusión mutua antes de acceder a "
|
|
"los datos protegidos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You can get an `&mut T` from an `&Mutex<T>` by taking the lock. The "
|
|
"`MutexGuard` ensures that the `&mut T` doesn't outlive the lock being held."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Puedes obtener un `&mut T` de `Mutex<T>` mediante el bloqueo. El "
|
|
"`MutexGuard` asegura que `&mut T` no dure más tiempo que el bloqueo que se "
|
|
"ha aplicado."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`Mutex<T>` implements both `Send` and `Sync` iff (if and only if) `T` "
|
|
"implements `Send`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`Mutex<T>` implementa tanto `Send` como `Sync` únicamente si `T` implementa "
|
|
"`Send`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "A read-write lock counterpart: `RwLock`."
|
|
msgstr "Un equivalente de bloqueo de lectura y escritura: `RwLock`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Why does `lock()` return a `Result`?"
|
|
msgstr "¿Por qué `lock()` devuelve un `Result`? "
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/mutex.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If the thread that held the `Mutex` panicked, the `Mutex` becomes "
|
|
"\"poisoned\" to signal that the data it protected might be in an "
|
|
"inconsistent state. Calling `lock()` on a poisoned mutex fails with a "
|
|
"[`PoisonError`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.PoisonError.html). "
|
|
"You can call `into_inner()` on the error to recover the data regardless."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si el hilo que contiene `Mutex` entra en pánico, `Mutex` se \"envenena\" "
|
|
"para indicar que los datos que protegía pueden estar en un estado "
|
|
"incoherente. Llamar a `lock()` en una exclusión mutua envenenada da el error "
|
|
"[`PoisonError`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.PoisonError.html). "
|
|
"Puedes llamar a `into_inner()` en el error para recuperar los datos de todos "
|
|
"modos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md
|
|
msgid "Let us see `Arc` and `Mutex` in action:"
|
|
msgstr "Veamos cómo funcionan `Arc` y `Mutex`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md
|
|
msgid "// use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};\n"
|
|
msgstr "// usar std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md
|
|
msgid "Possible solution:"
|
|
msgstr "Solución posible:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md
|
|
msgid "Notable parts:"
|
|
msgstr "Puntos a destacar:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`v` is wrapped in both `Arc` and `Mutex`, because their concerns are "
|
|
"orthogonal."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`v` se envuelve tanto en `Arc` como en `Mutex`, porque sus preocupaciones "
|
|
"son ortogonales."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Wrapping a `Mutex` in an `Arc` is a common pattern to share mutable state "
|
|
"between threads."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Envolver un `Mutex` en un `Arc` es un patrón habitual para compartir el "
|
|
"estado mutable entre hilos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`v: Arc<_>` needs to be cloned as `v2` before it can be moved into another "
|
|
"thread. Note `move` was added to the lambda signature."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`v: Arc<_>` se debe clonar como `v2` antes de poder moverlo a otro hilo. Ten "
|
|
"en cuenta que `move` se ha añadido a la firma lambda."
|
|
|
|
#: src/concurrency/shared_state/example.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Blocks are introduced to narrow the scope of the `LockGuard` as much as "
|
|
"possible."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Se introducen bloqueos para limitar al máximo el ámbito de `LockGuard`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/morning.md
|
|
msgid "Let us practice our new concurrency skills with"
|
|
msgstr "Vamos a practicar nuestras nuevas habilidades de concurrencia con"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/morning.md
|
|
msgid "Dining philosophers: a classic problem in concurrency."
|
|
msgstr "La cena de los filósofos: un problema clásico de concurrencia."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/morning.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Multi-threaded link checker: a larger project where you'll use Cargo to "
|
|
"download dependencies and then check links in parallel."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El comprobador de enlaces multihilo: un proyecto más grande donde utilizarás "
|
|
"Cargo para descargar dependencias y luego comprobar los enlaces en paralelo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
|
|
msgid "The dining philosophers problem is a classic problem in concurrency:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El problema de la cena de los filósofos es un problema clásico de "
|
|
"concurrencia:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Five philosophers dine together at the same table. Each philosopher has "
|
|
"their own place at the table. There is a fork between each plate. The dish "
|
|
"served is a kind of spaghetti which has to be eaten with two forks. Each "
|
|
"philosopher can only alternately think and eat. Moreover, a philosopher can "
|
|
"only eat their spaghetti when they have both a left and right fork. Thus two "
|
|
"forks will only be available when their two nearest neighbors are thinking, "
|
|
"not eating. After an individual philosopher finishes eating, they will put "
|
|
"down both forks."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Cinco filósofos cenan juntos en la misma mesa. Cada filósofo tiene su propio "
|
|
"sitio en ella. Hay un tenedor entre cada plato. El plato que van a degustar "
|
|
"es una especie de espaguetis que hay que comer con dos tenedores. Los "
|
|
"filósofos solo pueden pensar y comer alternativamente. Además, solo pueden "
|
|
"comer sus espaguetis cuando disponen de un tenedor a la izquierda y otro a "
|
|
"la derecha. Por tanto, los dos tenedores solo estarán disponibles cuando su "
|
|
"dos vecinos más cercanos estén pensando y no comiendo. Cuando un filósofo "
|
|
"termina de comer, deja los dos tenedores en la mesa."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You will need a local [Cargo installation](../../cargo/running-locally.md) "
|
|
"for this exercise. Copy the code below to a file called `src/main.rs`, fill "
|
|
"out the blanks, and test that `cargo run` does not deadlock:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Para realizar este ejercicio necesitarás una \\[instalación local de "
|
|
"Cargo\\] (../../cargo/running-locally.md). Copia el fragmento de código que "
|
|
"aparece más abajo en un archivo denominado `src/main.rs`, rellena los "
|
|
"espacios en blanco y comprueba que `cargo run` no presenta interbloqueos:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// left_fork: ...\n"
|
|
" // right_fork: ...\n"
|
|
" // thoughts: ...\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// left_fork: ...\n"
|
|
" // right_fork: ...\n"
|
|
" // thoughts: ...\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "\"Eureka! {} has a new idea!\""
|
|
msgstr "\"¡Eureka! ¡{} tiene una nueva idea!\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "// Pick up forks...\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Recoge los tenedores...\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "\"{} is eating...\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{} está comiendo...\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "\"Socrates\""
|
|
msgstr "Crates HAL"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "\"Hypatia\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Hipatia\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "\"Plato\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Platón\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "\"Aristotle\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Aristóteles\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "\"Pythagoras\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Pitágoras\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "// Create forks\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Crea tenedores\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "// Create philosophers\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Crea filósofos\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
|
|
msgid "// Make each of them think and eat 100 times\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Haz que cada uno de ellos piense y coma 100 veces\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "// Output their thoughts\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Expresa sus reflexiones\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
|
|
msgid "You can use the following `Cargo.toml`:"
|
|
msgstr "Puedes usar el siguiente archivo `Cargo.toml`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```toml\n"
|
|
"[package]\n"
|
|
"name = \"dining-philosophers\"\n"
|
|
"version = \"0.1.0\"\n"
|
|
"edition = \"2021\"\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"```toml\n"
|
|
"[package]\n"
|
|
"name = \"dining-philosophers\"\n"
|
|
"version = \"0.1.0\"\n"
|
|
"edition = \"2021\"\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Let us use our new knowledge to create a multi-threaded link checker. It "
|
|
"should start at a webpage and check that links on the page are valid. It "
|
|
"should recursively check other pages on the same domain and keep doing this "
|
|
"until all pages have been validated."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Utilicemos nuestros nuevos conocimientos para crear un comprobador de "
|
|
"enlaces multihilo. Debería empezar en una página web y comprobar que los "
|
|
"enlaces de la página son válidos. Debería consultar otras páginas del mismo "
|
|
"dominio y seguir haciéndolo hasta que todas las páginas se hayan validado."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"For this, you will need an HTTP client such as [`reqwest`](https://docs.rs/"
|
|
"reqwest/). Create a new Cargo project and `reqwest` it as a dependency with:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Para ello, necesitarás un cliente HTTP como [`reqwest`](https://docs.rs/"
|
|
"reqwest/). Crea un proyecto de Cargo y aplica `reqwest` como una dependencia "
|
|
"con:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"If `cargo add` fails with `error: no such subcommand`, then please edit the "
|
|
"`Cargo.toml` file by hand. Add the dependencies listed below."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si `cargo add` da `error: no such subcommand`, edita el archivo `Cargo.toml` "
|
|
"de forma manual. Añade las dependencias que se indican más abajo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You will also need a way to find links. We can use [`scraper`](https://docs."
|
|
"rs/scraper/) for that:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"También necesitarás una forma de encontrar enlaces. Podemos usar [`scraper`]"
|
|
"(https://docs.rs/scraper/) para eso:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Finally, we'll need some way of handling errors. We use [`thiserror`]"
|
|
"(https://docs.rs/thiserror/) for that:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Por último, necesitaremos algún método para gestionar los errores. Para "
|
|
"ello, usaremos [`thiserror`](https://docs.rs/thiserror/):"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `cargo add` calls will update the `Cargo.toml` file to look like this:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Las llamadas a `cargo add` actualizarán el archivo `Cargo.toml` para que "
|
|
"tenga este aspecto:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```toml\n"
|
|
"[package]\n"
|
|
"name = \"link-checker\"\n"
|
|
"version = \"0.1.0\"\n"
|
|
"edition = \"2021\"\n"
|
|
"publish = false\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"[dependencies]\n"
|
|
"reqwest = { version = \"0.11.12\", features = [\"blocking\", \"rustls-"
|
|
"tls\"] }\n"
|
|
"scraper = \"0.13.0\"\n"
|
|
"thiserror = \"1.0.37\"\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"```toml\n"
|
|
"[package]\n"
|
|
"name = \"link-checker\"\n"
|
|
"version = \"0.1.0\"\n"
|
|
"edition = \"2021\"\n"
|
|
"publish = false\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"[dependencies]\n"
|
|
"reqwest = { version = \"0.11.12\", features = [\"blocking\", \"rustls-"
|
|
"tls\"] }\n"
|
|
"scraper = \"0.13.0\"\n"
|
|
"thiserror = \"1.0.37\"\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You can now download the start page. Try with a small site such as `https://"
|
|
"www.google.org/`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ya puedes descargar la página de inicio. Prueba con un sitio pequeño, como "
|
|
"`https://www.google.org/`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
|
|
msgid "Your `src/main.rs` file should look something like this:"
|
|
msgstr "El archivo `src/main.rs` debería tener un aspecto similar a este:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
|
|
msgid "\"request error: {0}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Error de solicitud: {0}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
|
|
msgid "\"bad http response: {0}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"respuesta HTTP incorrecta: {0}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
|
|
msgid "\"Checking {:#}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Comprobando {:#}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
|
|
msgid "\"href\""
|
|
msgstr "\"href\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
|
|
msgid "\"On {base_url:#}: ignored unparsable {href:?}: {err}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"En {base_url:#}: {href:?} ignorado, no se puede analizar: {err}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
|
|
msgid "\"https://www.google.org\""
|
|
msgstr "\"https://www.google.org\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
|
|
msgid "\"Links: {links:#?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Enlaces: {links:#?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
|
|
msgid "\"Could not extract links: {err:#}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"No se han podido extraer los enlaces: {err:#}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
|
|
msgid "Run the code in `src/main.rs` with"
|
|
msgstr "Ejecuta el código en `src/main.rs` con"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Use threads to check the links in parallel: send the URLs to be checked to a "
|
|
"channel and let a few threads check the URLs in parallel."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Comprueba los enlaces en paralelo con los hilos: envía las URLs que se van a "
|
|
"comprobar a un canal y deja que varios hilos comprueben las URLs en paralelo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/link-checker.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Extend this to recursively extract links from all pages on the `www.google."
|
|
"org` domain. Put an upper limit of 100 pages or so so that you don't end up "
|
|
"being blocked by the site."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Amplía esta opción para extraer enlaces de todas las páginas del dominio "
|
|
"`www.google.org`. Define un límite máximo de 100 páginas para que el sitio "
|
|
"no te bloquee."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
|
|
msgid "Concurrency Morning Exercise"
|
|
msgstr "Concurrencia: Ejercicios de la Mañana"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
|
|
msgid "([back to exercise](dining-philosophers.md))"
|
|
msgstr "([volver al ejercicio](dining-philosophers.md))"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
|
|
msgid "\"{} is trying to eat\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{} está intentando comer\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// To avoid a deadlock, we have to break the symmetry\n"
|
|
" // somewhere. This will swap the forks without deinitializing\n"
|
|
" // either of them.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// Para evitar un interbloqueo, tenemos que romper la simetría\n"
|
|
" // en algún lugar. De este modo, se cambiarán los tenedores sin "
|
|
"desinicializar\n"
|
|
" // ninguno de ellos.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
|
|
msgid "\"{thought}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"{thought}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
|
|
msgid "Link Checker"
|
|
msgstr "Comprobador de Enlaces"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
|
|
msgid "([back to exercise](link-checker.md))"
|
|
msgstr "([volver al ejercicio](link-checker.md))"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// Determine whether links within the given page should be extracted.\n"
|
|
msgstr "/// Determina si se deben extraer los enlaces de la página indicada.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"/// Mark the given page as visited, returning false if it had already\n"
|
|
" /// been visited.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"/// Marca la página indicada como visitada y devuelve false si ya se había\n"
|
|
" /// visitado anteriormente.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
|
|
msgid "// The sender got dropped. No more commands coming in.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Se ha descartado el remitente. No se enviarán más comandos.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
|
|
msgid "\"Got crawling error: {:#}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Se ha producido un error de rastreo: {:#}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-morning.md
|
|
msgid "\"Bad URLs: {:#?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"URLs incorrectas: {:#?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/async.md
|
|
msgid "Async Rust"
|
|
msgstr "Async en Rust"
|
|
|
|
#: src/async.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"\"Async\" is a concurrency model where multiple tasks are executed "
|
|
"concurrently by executing each task until it would block, then switching to "
|
|
"another task that is ready to make progress. The model allows running a "
|
|
"larger number of tasks on a limited number of threads. This is because the "
|
|
"per-task overhead is typically very low and operating systems provide "
|
|
"primitives for efficiently identifying I/O that is able to proceed."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"\"Async\" es un modelo de concurrencia en el que se ejecutan varias tareas "
|
|
"al mismo tiempo. Se ejecuta cada una de ellas hasta que se bloquea y, a "
|
|
"continuación, se cambia a otra tarea que está lista para progresar. El "
|
|
"modelo permite ejecutar un mayor número de tareas en un número limitado de "
|
|
"hilos. Esto se debe a que la sobrecarga por tarea suele ser muy baja y los "
|
|
"sistemas operativos proporcionan primitivos para identificar de forma "
|
|
"eficiente las E/S que pueden continuar."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust's asynchronous operation is based on \"futures\", which represent work "
|
|
"that may be completed in the future. Futures are \"polled\" until they "
|
|
"signal that they are complete."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La operación asíncrona de Rust se basa en \"valores futuros\", que "
|
|
"representan el trabajo que puede completarse más adelante. Los futuros se "
|
|
"\"sondean\" hasta que indican que se han completado."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Futures are polled by an async runtime, and several different runtimes are "
|
|
"available."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los futuros se sondean mediante un tiempo de ejecución asíncrono y hay "
|
|
"disponibles varios tiempos de ejecución diferentes."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Python has a similar model in its `asyncio`. However, its `Future` type is "
|
|
"callback-based, and not polled. Async Python programs require a \"loop\", "
|
|
"similar to a runtime in Rust."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Python tiene un modelo similar en su `asyncio`. Sin embargo, su tipo "
|
|
"`Future` está basado en retrollamadas y no se sondea. Los programas "
|
|
"asíncronos de Python requieren un \"bucle\", similar a un tiempo de "
|
|
"ejecución en Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"JavaScript's `Promise` is similar, but again callback-based. The language "
|
|
"runtime implements the event loop, so many of the details of Promise "
|
|
"resolution are hidden."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`Promise` de JavaScript es parecido, pero también se basa en retrollamadas. "
|
|
"El tiempo de ejecución del lenguaje implementa el bucle de eventos, por lo "
|
|
"que muchos de los detalles de la resolución de Promise están ocultos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/async-await.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"At a high level, async Rust code looks very much like \"normal\" sequential "
|
|
"code:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En general, el código asíncrono de Rust se parece mucho al código secuencial "
|
|
"\"normal\":"
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/async-await.md
|
|
msgid "\"Count is: {i}!\""
|
|
msgstr "\"El recuento es: ¡{i}!\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/async-await.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Note that this is a simplified example to show the syntax. There is no long "
|
|
"running operation or any real concurrency in it!"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ten en cuenta que este es un ejemplo simplificado para mostrar la sintaxis. "
|
|
"No hay ninguna operación de larga duración ni concurrencia real."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/async-await.md
|
|
msgid "What is the return type of an async call?"
|
|
msgstr "¿Cuál es el tipo de resultado devuelto de una llamada asíncrona?"
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/async-await.md
|
|
msgid "Use `let future: () = async_main(10);` in `main` to see the type."
|
|
msgstr "Consulta el tipo con `let future: () = async_main(10);` en `main` ."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/async-await.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The \"async\" keyword is syntactic sugar. The compiler replaces the return "
|
|
"type with a future."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La palabra clave \"async\" es azúcar sintáctico. El compilador sustituye el "
|
|
"tipo de resultado devuelto por un futuro. "
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/async-await.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You cannot make `main` async, without additional instructions to the "
|
|
"compiler on how to use the returned future."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"No se puede hacer que `main` sea asíncrono sin dar instrucciones adicionales "
|
|
"al compilador sobre cómo usar el futuro devuelto."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/async-await.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You need an executor to run async code. `block_on` blocks the current thread "
|
|
"until the provided future has run to completion."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Se necesita un ejecutor para ejecutar el código asíncrono. `block_on` "
|
|
"bloquea el hilo hasta que se complete el futuro proporcionado. "
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/async-await.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`.await` asynchronously waits for the completion of another operation. "
|
|
"Unlike `block_on`, `.await` doesn't block the current thread."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`.await` espera de forma asíncrona la finalización de otra operación. A "
|
|
"diferencia de `block_on`, `.await` no bloquea el hilo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/async-await.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`.await` can only be used inside an `async` function (or block; these are "
|
|
"introduced later)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`.await` solo se puede usar dentro de una función `async` (o bloqueo; estos "
|
|
"se verán más tarde). "
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/futures.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[`Future`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/future/trait.Future.html) is a "
|
|
"trait, implemented by objects that represent an operation that may not be "
|
|
"complete yet. A future can be polled, and `poll` returns a [`Poll`](https://"
|
|
"doc.rust-lang.org/std/task/enum.Poll.html)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[`Future`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/future/trait.Future.html) es un "
|
|
"trait implementado por objetos que representan una operación que puede que "
|
|
"aún no se haya completado. Se puede sondear un futuro y `poll` devuelve un "
|
|
"[`Poll`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/task/enum.Poll.html)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/futures.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"An async function returns an `impl Future`. It's also possible (but "
|
|
"uncommon) to implement `Future` for your own types. For example, the "
|
|
"`JoinHandle` returned from `tokio::spawn` implements `Future` to allow "
|
|
"joining to it."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Una función asíncrona devuelve `impl Future`. También es posible (aunque no "
|
|
"es habitual) implementar `Future` para tus propios tipos. Por ejemplo, el "
|
|
"`JoinHandle` devuelto por `tokio::spawn` implementa `Future` para permitir "
|
|
"que se una a él."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/futures.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `.await` keyword, applied to a Future, causes the current async function "
|
|
"to pause until that Future is ready, and then evaluates to its output."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La palabra clave `.await`, aplicada a un futuro, provoca que la función "
|
|
"asíncrona se detenga hasta que dicho futuro esté listo y, a continuación, se "
|
|
"evalúa su salida."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/futures.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `Future` and `Poll` types are implemented exactly as shown; click the "
|
|
"links to show the implementations in the docs."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los tipos `Future` y `Polll` se implementan exactamente como se indica. Haz "
|
|
"clic en los enlaces para mostrar las implementaciones en los documentos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/futures.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"We will not get to `Pin` and `Context`, as we will focus on writing async "
|
|
"code, rather than building new async primitives. Briefly:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"No trataremos `Pin` ni `Context`, ya que nos centraremos en escribir código "
|
|
"asíncrono en lugar de compilar nuevos primitivos asíncronos. Brevemente:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/futures.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`Context` allows a Future to schedule itself to be polled again when an "
|
|
"event occurs."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`Context` permite que un futuro se programe a sí mismo para que se vuelva a "
|
|
"sondear cuando se produzca un evento."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/futures.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`Pin` ensures that the Future isn't moved in memory, so that pointers into "
|
|
"that future remain valid. This is required to allow references to remain "
|
|
"valid after an `.await`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`Pin` asegura que el futuro no se mueva en la memoria, de forma que los "
|
|
"punteros en ese futuro siguen siendo válidos. Esto es necesario para que las "
|
|
"referencias sigan siendo válidas después de `.await`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/runtimes.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A _runtime_ provides support for performing operations asynchronously (a "
|
|
"_reactor_) and is responsible for executing futures (an _executor_). Rust "
|
|
"does not have a \"built-in\" runtime, but several options are available:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Un _runtime_ ofrece asistencia para realizar operaciones de forma asíncrona "
|
|
"(un _reactor_) y es responsable de ejecutar futuros (un _ejecutor_). Rust no "
|
|
"cuenta con un tiempo de ejecución \"integrado\", pero hay varias opciones "
|
|
"disponibles:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/runtimes.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Tokio](https://tokio.rs/): performant, with a well-developed ecosystem of "
|
|
"functionality like [Hyper](https://hyper.rs/) for HTTP or [Tonic](https://"
|
|
"github.com/hyperium/tonic) for gRPC."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Tokio](https://tokio.rs/): eficaz, con un ecosistema bien desarrollado de "
|
|
"funciones, como [Hyper](https://hyper.rs/) para HTTP o [Tonic](https://"
|
|
"github.com/hyperium/tonic) para usar gRPC."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/runtimes.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[async-std](https://async.rs/): aims to be a \"std for async\", and includes "
|
|
"a basic runtime in `async::task`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[async-std](https://async.rs/): se trata de un \"std para async\" e incluye "
|
|
"un tiempo de ejecución básico en `async::task`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/runtimes.md
|
|
msgid "[smol](https://docs.rs/smol/latest/smol/): simple and lightweight"
|
|
msgstr "[smol](https://docs.rs/smol/latest/smol/): sencillo y ligero."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/runtimes.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Several larger applications have their own runtimes. For example, [Fuchsia]"
|
|
"(https://fuchsia.googlesource.com/fuchsia/+/refs/heads/main/src/lib/fuchsia-"
|
|
"async/src/lib.rs) already has one."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Varias aplicaciones de mayor tamaño tienen sus propios tiempos de ejecución. "
|
|
"Por ejemplo, [Fuchsia](https://fuchsia.googlesource.com/fuchsia/+/refs/heads/"
|
|
"main/src/lib/fuchsia-async/src/lib.rs) ya tiene uno."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/runtimes.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Note that of the listed runtimes, only Tokio is supported in the Rust "
|
|
"playground. The playground also does not permit any I/O, so most interesting "
|
|
"async things can't run in the playground."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ten en cuenta que, de los tiempos de ejecución enumerados, el playground de "
|
|
"Rust solo admite Tokio. El playground tampoco permite ningún tipo de E/S, "
|
|
"por lo que la mayoría de elementos asíncronos interesantes no se pueden "
|
|
"ejecutar. en él."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/runtimes.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Futures are \"inert\" in that they do not do anything (not even start an I/O "
|
|
"operation) unless there is an executor polling them. This differs from JS "
|
|
"Promises, for example, which will run to completion even if they are never "
|
|
"used."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los futuros son \"inertes\", ya que no realizan ninguna acción (ni siquiera "
|
|
"iniciar una operación de E/S) a menos que haya un ejecutor que los sondee. "
|
|
"Muy diferente de las promesas de JavaScript, por ejemplo, que se ejecutan "
|
|
"hasta su finalización, aunque nunca se utilicen."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "Tokio provides:"
|
|
msgstr "Tokio ofrece lo siguiente: "
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md
|
|
msgid "A multi-threaded runtime for executing asynchronous code."
|
|
msgstr "Un tiempo de ejecución multihilo para ejecutar código asíncrono."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md
|
|
msgid "An asynchronous version of the standard library."
|
|
msgstr "Una versión asíncrona de la biblioteca estándar."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md
|
|
msgid "A large ecosystem of libraries."
|
|
msgstr "Un amplio ecosistema de bibliotecas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md
|
|
msgid "\"Count in task: {i}!\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Recuento en la tarea: {i}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md
|
|
msgid "\"Main task: {i}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Tarea principal: {i}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md
|
|
msgid "With the `tokio::main` macro we can now make `main` async."
|
|
msgstr "Con la macro `tokio::main`, podemos hacer que `main` sea asíncrono."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md
|
|
msgid "The `spawn` function creates a new, concurrent \"task\"."
|
|
msgstr "La función `spawn` crea una \"tarea\" simultánea."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md
|
|
msgid "Note: `spawn` takes a `Future`, you don't call `.await` on `count_to`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Nota: `spawn` utiliza un `Future`, no se llama a `.await` en `count_to`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md
|
|
msgid "**Further exploration:**"
|
|
msgstr "**Más información:**"
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Why does `count_to` not (usually) get to 10? This is an example of async "
|
|
"cancellation. `tokio::spawn` returns a handle which can be awaited to wait "
|
|
"until it finishes."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"¿Por qué `count_to` no suele llegar a 10? Se trata de un ejemplo de "
|
|
"cancelación asíncrona. `tokio::spawn` devuelve un controlador que puede "
|
|
"esperarse hasta que termine."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md
|
|
msgid "Try `count_to(10).await` instead of spawning."
|
|
msgstr "Prueba `count_to(10).await` en lugar de usar spawn."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/runtimes/tokio.md
|
|
msgid "Try awaiting the task returned from `tokio::spawn`."
|
|
msgstr "Intenta esperar a la correción de la tarea de `tokio::spawn`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/tasks.md
|
|
msgid "Rust has a task system, which is a form of lightweight threading."
|
|
msgstr "Rust tiene un sistema de tareas, que es una forma de hilo ligero."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/tasks.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A task has a single top-level future which the executor polls to make "
|
|
"progress. That future may have one or more nested futures that its `poll` "
|
|
"method polls, corresponding loosely to a call stack. Concurrency within a "
|
|
"task is possible by polling multiple child futures, such as racing a timer "
|
|
"and an I/O operation."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Una tarea tiene un solo futuro de nivel superior que el ejecutor sondea para "
|
|
"hacer que progrese. El futuro puede tener uno o varios futuros anidados que "
|
|
"su método `poll` sondea, lo que se corresponde con una pila de llamadas. La "
|
|
"concurrencia dentro de una tarea es posible mediante el sondeo de varios "
|
|
"futuros secundarios , como una carrera de un temporizador y una operación de "
|
|
"E/S."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/tasks.md
|
|
msgid "\"127.0.0.1:0\""
|
|
msgstr "\"127.0.0.1:0\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/tasks.md
|
|
msgid "\"listening on port {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"escuchando en el puerto {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/tasks.md
|
|
msgid "\"connection from {addr:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"conexión de {addr:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/tasks.md
|
|
msgid "b\"Who are you?\\n\""
|
|
msgstr "b\"¿Quién eres?\\n\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/tasks.md
|
|
msgid "\"socket error\""
|
|
msgstr "\"error de socket\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/tasks.md
|
|
msgid "\"Thanks for dialing in, {name}!\\n\""
|
|
msgstr "\"¡Gracias por llamar, {name}!\\n\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/tasks.md src/async/control-flow/join.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Copy this example into your prepared `src/main.rs` and run it from there."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Copia este ejemplo en el archivo `src/main.rs` que has preparado y ejecútalo "
|
|
"desde ahí."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/tasks.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Try connecting to it with a TCP connection tool like [nc](https://www.unix."
|
|
"com/man-page/linux/1/nc/) or [telnet](https://www.unix.com/man-page/linux/1/"
|
|
"telnet/)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Prueba a conectarte mediante una herramienta de conexión TCP como [nc]"
|
|
"(https://www.unix.com/man-page/linux/1/nc/) o [telnet](https://www.unix.com/"
|
|
"man-page/linux/1/telnet/)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/tasks.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Ask students to visualize what the state of the example server would be with "
|
|
"a few connected clients. What tasks exist? What are their Futures?"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Pide a los alumnos que vean cuál sería el estado del servidor de ejemplo con "
|
|
"algunos clientes conectados. ¿Qué tareas hay? ¿Cuáles son sus futuros?"
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/tasks.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This is the first time we've seen an `async` block. This is similar to a "
|
|
"closure, but does not take any arguments. Its return value is a Future, "
|
|
"similar to an `async fn`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Esta es la primera vez que vemos un bloque `async`. Es similar a un cierre, "
|
|
"pero no acepta argumentos. Su valor devuelto es un futuro, similar a `async "
|
|
"fn`. "
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/tasks.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Refactor the async block into a function, and improve the error handling "
|
|
"using `?`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Refactoriza el bloque asíncrono en una función y mejora la gestión de "
|
|
"errores con `?`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/channels.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Several crates have support for asynchronous channels. For instance `tokio`:"
|
|
msgstr "Varios crates admiten canales asíncronos. Por ejemplo, `tokio`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/channels.md
|
|
msgid "\"Received {count} pings so far.\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Se han recibido {count} pings hasta el momento.\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/channels.md
|
|
msgid "\"ping_handler complete\""
|
|
msgstr "\"ping_handler completo\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/channels.md
|
|
msgid "\"Failed to send ping.\""
|
|
msgstr "\"No se ha podido enviar el ping.\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/channels.md
|
|
msgid "\"Sent {} pings so far.\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Se han enviado {} pings hasta ahora.\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/channels.md
|
|
msgid "\"Something went wrong in ping handler task.\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Se ha producido un error en la tarea del controlador de ping.\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/channels.md
|
|
msgid "Change the channel size to `3` and see how it affects the execution."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Cambia el tamaño del canal a `3` y comprueba cómo afecta a la ejecución."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/channels.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Overall, the interface is similar to the `sync` channels as seen in the "
|
|
"[morning class](concurrency/channels.md)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En general, la interfaz es similar a los canales `sync`, tal como se ha "
|
|
"visto ver en la [clase de la mañana](concurrency/channels.md)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/channels.md
|
|
msgid "Try removing the `std::mem::drop` call. What happens? Why?"
|
|
msgstr "Prueba a quitar la llamada a `std::mem::drop`. ¿Qué sucede? ¿Por qué?"
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/channels.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The [Flume](https://docs.rs/flume/latest/flume/) crate has channels that "
|
|
"implement both `sync` and `async` `send` and `recv`. This can be convenient "
|
|
"for complex applications with both IO and heavy CPU processing tasks."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El crate [Flume](https://docs.rs/flume/latest/flume/) tiene canales que "
|
|
"implementan `sync` y `async`,`send` y `recv`. Esto puede resultar práctico "
|
|
"para aplicaciones complejas con tareas de E/S y tareas pesadas de "
|
|
"procesamiento de CPU."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/channels.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"What makes working with `async` channels preferable is the ability to "
|
|
"combine them with other `future`s to combine them and create complex control "
|
|
"flow."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Es preferible trabajar con canales `async` por la capacidad de combinarlos "
|
|
"con otros `future` para poder crear un flujo de control complejo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/control-flow.md
|
|
msgid "Futures Control Flow"
|
|
msgstr "Flujo de Control de Futuros"
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/control-flow.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Futures can be combined together to produce concurrent compute flow graphs. "
|
|
"We have already seen tasks, that function as independent threads of "
|
|
"execution."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los futuros pueden combinarse para producir gráficos de flujo de computación "
|
|
"simultáneos. Ya hemos visto tareas que funcionan como hilos de ejecución "
|
|
"independientes."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/control-flow.md
|
|
msgid "[Join](control-flow/join.md)"
|
|
msgstr "[Join](control-flow/join.md)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/control-flow.md
|
|
msgid "[Select](control-flow/select.md)"
|
|
msgstr "[Select](control-flow/select.md)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/control-flow/join.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A join operation waits until all of a set of futures are ready, and returns "
|
|
"a collection of their results. This is similar to `Promise.all` in "
|
|
"JavaScript or `asyncio.gather` in Python."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Una operación join espera hasta que todos los futuros estén listos y "
|
|
"devuelve una colección de sus resultados. Es similar a `Promise.all` en "
|
|
"JavaScript o `asyncio.gather` en Python."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/control-flow/join.md
|
|
msgid "\"https://google.com\""
|
|
msgstr "\"https://google.com\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/control-flow/join.md
|
|
msgid "\"https://httpbin.org/ip\""
|
|
msgstr "\"https://httpbin.org/ip\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/control-flow/join.md
|
|
msgid "\"https://play.rust-lang.org/\""
|
|
msgstr "\"https://play.rust-lang.org/\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/control-flow/join.md
|
|
msgid "\"BAD_URL\""
|
|
msgstr "\"BAD_URL\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/control-flow/join.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"For multiple futures of disjoint types, you can use `std::future::join!` but "
|
|
"you must know how many futures you will have at compile time. This is "
|
|
"currently in the `futures` crate, soon to be stabilised in `std::future`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En el caso de varios futuros de tipos distintos, puedes utilizar `std::"
|
|
"future::join!`, pero debes saber cuántos futuros tendrás en el tiempo de "
|
|
"compilación. Esto se encuentra actualmente en el crate `futures`, que pronto "
|
|
"se estabilizará en `std::future`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/control-flow/join.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The risk of `join` is that one of the futures may never resolve, this would "
|
|
"cause your program to stall."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El riesgo que supone 'join' es que puede que uno de los futuros no se "
|
|
"resuelva nunca, causando que el programa se bloquee. "
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/control-flow/join.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You can also combine `join_all` with `join!` for instance to join all "
|
|
"requests to an http service as well as a database query. Try adding a "
|
|
"`tokio::time::sleep` to the future, using `futures::join!`. This is not a "
|
|
"timeout (that requires `select!`, explained in the next chapter), but "
|
|
"demonstrates `join!`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"También puedes combinar `join_all` con `join!`, por ejemplo, para unir todas "
|
|
"las solicitudes a un servicio HTTP, así como una consulta a la base de "
|
|
"datos. Prueba a añadir un tokio::time::sleep`al futuro mediante`futures::"
|
|
"join!`. No se trata de un tiempo de espera (para eso se requiere `select!`, "
|
|
"que se explica en el siguiente capítulo), sino que muestra `join!\\`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/control-flow/select.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A select operation waits until any of a set of futures is ready, and "
|
|
"responds to that future's result. In JavaScript, this is similar to `Promise."
|
|
"race`. In Python, it compares to `asyncio.wait(task_set, return_when=asyncio."
|
|
"FIRST_COMPLETED)`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Una operación select espera hasta que un conjunto de futuros esté listo y "
|
|
"responde al resultado de ese futuro. En JavaScript, esto es similar a "
|
|
"`Promise.race`. En Python, se compara con `asyncio.wait(task_set, "
|
|
"return_when=asyncio.FIRST_COMPLETED)`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/control-flow/select.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Similar to a match statement, the body of `select!` has a number of arms, "
|
|
"each of the form `pattern = future => statement`. When a `future` is ready, "
|
|
"its return value is destructured by the `pattern`. The `statement` is then "
|
|
"run with the resulting variables. The `statement` result becomes the result "
|
|
"of the `select!` macro."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Al igual que en el caso de una instrucción _match_, el cuerpo de `select!` "
|
|
"tiene una serie de brazos, cada uno de los cuales tiene la forma `pattern = "
|
|
"future => statement`. Cuando `future` está listo, la instrucción se ejecuta "
|
|
"con las variables de `pattern` vinculadas al resultado de `future`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/control-flow/select.md
|
|
msgid "\"Felix\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Felix\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/control-flow/select.md
|
|
msgid "\"Failed to send cat.\""
|
|
msgstr "\"No se ha podido enviar el gato.\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/control-flow/select.md
|
|
msgid "\"Rex\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Rex\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/control-flow/select.md
|
|
msgid "\"Failed to send dog.\""
|
|
msgstr "\"No se ha podido enviar el perro.\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/control-flow/select.md
|
|
msgid "\"Failed to receive winner\""
|
|
msgstr "\"No se ha podido recibir el ganador\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/control-flow/select.md
|
|
msgid "\"Winner is {winner:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"El ganador es {winner:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/control-flow/select.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In this example, we have a race between a cat and a dog. "
|
|
"`first_animal_to_finish_race` listens to both channels and will pick "
|
|
"whichever arrives first. Since the dog takes 50ms, it wins against the cat "
|
|
"that take 500ms."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En este ejemplo, tenemos una carrera entre un gato y un perro. "
|
|
"`first_animal_to_finish_race` escucha a ambos canales y elige el que llegue "
|
|
"primero. Como el perro tarda 50 ms, gana al gato, que tarda 500 ms."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/control-flow/select.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You can use `oneshot` channels in this example as the channels are supposed "
|
|
"to receive only one `send`."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En este ejemplo, puedes usar canales `oneshot`, ya que se supone que solo "
|
|
"recibirán un `send`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/control-flow/select.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Try adding a deadline to the race, demonstrating selecting different sorts "
|
|
"of futures."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Prueba a añadir un límite a la carrera y demuestra cómo se seleccionan "
|
|
"distintos tipos de futuros."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/control-flow/select.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Note that `select!` drops unmatched branches, which cancels their futures. "
|
|
"It is easiest to use when every execution of `select!` creates new futures."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ten en cuenta que `select!` elimina las ramas sin coincidencias, cancelando "
|
|
"así sus futuros. Es más fácil de usar cuando cada ejecución de `select!` "
|
|
"crea futuros."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/control-flow/select.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"An alternative is to pass `&mut future` instead of the future itself, but "
|
|
"this can lead to issues, further discussed in the pinning slide."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"También puedes enviar `&mut future` en lugar del futuro en sí, pero esto "
|
|
"podría provocar problemas, como se explica más adelante en la diapositiva "
|
|
"sobre pines."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls.md
|
|
msgid "Pitfalls of async/await"
|
|
msgstr "Inconvenientes de async/await"
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Async / await provides convenient and efficient abstraction for concurrent "
|
|
"asynchronous programming. However, the async/await model in Rust also comes "
|
|
"with its share of pitfalls and footguns. We illustrate some of them in this "
|
|
"chapter:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Async/await ofrece una abstracción práctica y eficiente para la programación "
|
|
"asíncrona simultánea. Sin embargo, el modelo async/await de Rust también "
|
|
"viene acompañado de errores y footguns. En este capítulo veremos algunos de "
|
|
"ellos:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls.md
|
|
msgid "[Blocking the Executor](pitfalls/blocking-executor.md)"
|
|
msgstr "[Bloqueo del ejecutor](pitfalls/blocking-executor.md)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls.md
|
|
msgid "[Pin](pitfalls/pin.md)"
|
|
msgstr "[Pin](pitfalls/pin.md)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls.md
|
|
msgid "[Async Traits](pitfalls/async-traits.md)"
|
|
msgstr "[Traits asíncronos](pitfalls/async-traits.md)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls.md
|
|
msgid "[Cancellation](pitfalls/cancellation.md)"
|
|
msgstr "[Cancelación](pitfalls/cancellation.md)"
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md
|
|
msgid "Blocking the executor"
|
|
msgstr "Bloqueo del ejecutor"
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Most async runtimes only allow IO tasks to run concurrently. This means that "
|
|
"CPU blocking tasks will block the executor and prevent other tasks from "
|
|
"being executed. An easy workaround is to use async equivalent methods where "
|
|
"possible."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La mayoría de los tiempos de ejecución asíncronos solo permiten que las "
|
|
"tareas de E/S se ejecuten de forma simultánea. Esto significa que las tareas "
|
|
"que bloquean la CPU bloquearán el ejecutor e impedirán que se ejecuten otras "
|
|
"tareas. Una solución alternativa y sencilla es utilizar métodos asíncronos "
|
|
"equivalentes siempre que sea posible."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md
|
|
msgid "\"future {id} slept for {duration_ms}ms, finished after {}ms\""
|
|
msgstr "\"future {id} ha dormido {duration_ms} min, terminó después de {} ms\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md
|
|
msgid "\"current_thread\""
|
|
msgstr "\"current_thread\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Run the code and see that the sleeps happen consecutively rather than "
|
|
"concurrently."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ejecuta el código y comprueba que las suspensiones se producen de forma "
|
|
"consecutiva y no simultánea."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `\"current_thread\"` flavor puts all tasks on a single thread. This "
|
|
"makes the effect more obvious, but the bug is still present in the multi-"
|
|
"threaded flavor."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La versión `\"current_thread\"` reúne todas las tareas en un solo hilo. Esto "
|
|
"consigue que el efecto sea más obvio, pero el error sigue estando presente "
|
|
"en la versión multihilo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Switch the `std::thread::sleep` to `tokio::time::sleep` and await its result."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Cambia `std::thread::sleep` a `tokio::time::sleep`. y espera su resultado."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Another fix would be to `tokio::task::spawn_blocking` which spawns an actual "
|
|
"thread and transforms its handle into a future without blocking the executor."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Otra solución sería `tokio::task::spawn_blocking`, que genera un hilo real y "
|
|
"transforma su controlador en un futuro sin bloquear el ejecutor."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You should not think of tasks as OS threads. They do not map 1 to 1 and most "
|
|
"executors will allow many tasks to run on a single OS thread. This is "
|
|
"particularly problematic when interacting with other libraries via FFI, "
|
|
"where that library might depend on thread-local storage or map to specific "
|
|
"OS threads (e.g., CUDA). Prefer `tokio::task::spawn_blocking` in such "
|
|
"situations."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"No debes pensar en las tareas como hilos del sistema operativo. No se "
|
|
"asignan 1 a 1 y la mayoría de los ejecutores permitirán que se ejecuten "
|
|
"muchas tareas en un solo hilo del sistema operativo. Esta situación es "
|
|
"especialmente problemática cuando se interactúa con otras bibliotecas a "
|
|
"través de FFI, donde dicha biblioteca puede depender del almacenamiento "
|
|
"local de hilos o puede asignarse a hilos específicos del sistema operativo "
|
|
"(por ejemplo, CUDA). En estos casos es preferible usar `tokio::task::"
|
|
"spawn_blocking`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/blocking-executor.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Use sync mutexes with care. Holding a mutex over an `.await` may cause "
|
|
"another task to block, and that task may be running on the same thread."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Utiliza las exclusión mutuas de sincronización con cuidado. Si mantienes una "
|
|
"exclusión mutua sobre un `.await`, puede que se bloquee otra tarea y que "
|
|
"esta se esté ejecutando en el mismo hilo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Async blocks and functions return types implementing the `Future` trait. The "
|
|
"type returned is the result of a compiler transformation which turns local "
|
|
"variables into data stored inside the future."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los bloques y las funciones asíncronos devuelven tipos que implementan el "
|
|
"trait `Future`. El tipo devuelto es el resultado de una transformación del "
|
|
"compilador que convierte las variables locales en datos almacenados en el "
|
|
"futuro."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Some of those variables can hold pointers to other local variables. Because "
|
|
"of that, the future should never be moved to a different memory location, as "
|
|
"it would invalidate those pointers."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Algunas de estas variables pueden dirigir punteros a otras variables "
|
|
"locales. Por este motivo, el futuro nunca debería trasladarse a otra "
|
|
"ubicación de memoria, ya que esta acción invalidaría esos punteros."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"To prevent moving the future type in memory, it can only be polled through a "
|
|
"pinned pointer. `Pin` is a wrapper around a reference that disallows all "
|
|
"operations that would move the instance it points to into a different memory "
|
|
"location."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Para evitar que el tipo futuro se mueva en la memoria, solo se puede sondear "
|
|
"mediante un puntero fijado. `Pin` es un envoltorio que rodea a una "
|
|
"referencia y que no permite todas las operaciones que moverían la instancia "
|
|
"a la que apunta a otra ubicación de memoria."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// A work item. In this case, just sleep for the given time and respond\n"
|
|
"// with a message on the `respond_on` channel.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// Un elemento de trabajo. En este caso, solo se duerme durante un tiempo "
|
|
"determinado y responde\n"
|
|
"// con un mensaje en el canal `respond_on`.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
|
|
msgid "// A worker which listens for work on a queue and performs it.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Un trabajador que espera trabajo en una cola y lo ejecuta.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
|
|
msgid "// Pretend to work.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Simula que trabaja.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
|
|
msgid "\"failed to send response\""
|
|
msgstr "\"no se ha podido enviar la respuesta\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
|
|
msgid "// TODO: report number of iterations every 100ms\n"
|
|
msgstr "// TODO: informar del número de iteraciones cada 100 ms\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
|
|
msgid "// A requester which requests work and waits for it to complete.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Un solicitante que pide trabajo y espera a que se complete.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
|
|
msgid "\"failed to send on work queue\""
|
|
msgstr "\"no se ha podido enviar en la cola de trabajo\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
|
|
msgid "\"failed waiting for response\""
|
|
msgstr "\"no se ha podido esperar la respuesta\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
|
|
msgid "\"work result for iteration {i}: {resp}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"resultado del trabajo de la iteración {i}: {resp}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You may recognize this as an example of the actor pattern. Actors typically "
|
|
"call `select!` in a loop."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Puede que reconozcas esto como un ejemplo del patrón actor. Los actores "
|
|
"suelen llamar a `select!` en un bucle."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This serves as a summation of a few of the previous lessons, so take your "
|
|
"time with it."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Esta sección es un resumen de algunas de las lecciones anteriores, así que "
|
|
"tómate tu tiempo ."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Naively add a `_ = sleep(Duration::from_millis(100)) => { println!(..) }` to "
|
|
"the `select!`. This will never execute. Why?"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si añade un `_ = sleep(Duration::from_millis(100)) => { println!(..) }` a "
|
|
"`select!`, nunca se ejecutará. ¿Por qué?"
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Instead, add a `timeout_fut` containing that future outside of the `loop`:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En su lugar, añade un `timeout_fut` que contenga ese futuro fuera de `loop`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This still doesn't work. Follow the compiler errors, adding `&mut` to the "
|
|
"`timeout_fut` in the `select!` to work around the move, then using `Box::"
|
|
"pin`:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Continuará sin funcionar. Sigue los errores del compilador y añade `&mut` a "
|
|
"`timeout_fut` en `select!` para ir despejando el problema. A continuación, "
|
|
"usa `Box::pin`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"This compiles, but once the timeout expires it is `Poll::Ready` on every "
|
|
"iteration (a fused future would help with this). Update to reset "
|
|
"`timeout_fut` every time it expires."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Se puede compilar, pero una vez que vence el tiempo de espera, aparece "
|
|
"`Poll::Ready` en cada iteración (un futuro fusionado podría resultar útil). "
|
|
"Actualiza para restablecer `timeout_fut` cada vez que expire."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Box allocates on the heap. In some cases, `std::pin::pin!` (only recently "
|
|
"stabilized, with older code often using `tokio::pin!`) is also an option, "
|
|
"but that is difficult to use for a future that is reassigned."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Box se asigna en el montículo. En algunos casos, `std::pin::pin!` (solo si "
|
|
"se ha estabilizado recientemente, con código antiguo que suele utilizar "
|
|
"`tokio::pin!`) también es una opción, pero difícil de utilizar en un futuro "
|
|
"que se reasigna."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Another alternative is to not use `pin` at all but spawn another task that "
|
|
"will send to a `oneshot` channel every 100ms."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Otra alternativa es no utilizar `pin`, sino generar otra tarea que se "
|
|
"enviará a un canal de `oneshot` cada 100 ms."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Data that contains pointers to itself is called self-referential. Normally, "
|
|
"the Rust borrow checker would prevent self-referential data from being "
|
|
"moved, as the references cannot outlive the data they point to. However, the "
|
|
"code transformation for async blocks and functions is not verified by the "
|
|
"borrow checker."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los datos que contienen punteros a sí mismos se denominan autoreferenciales. "
|
|
"Normalmente, el verificador de préstamos de Rust evitaría que se movieran "
|
|
"los datos de autorreferencia, ya que las referencias no pueden tener una "
|
|
"duración mayor que la de los datos a los que apuntan. Sin embargo, el "
|
|
"verificador de préstamos no verifica la transformación del código de las "
|
|
"funciones y los bloques asíncronos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`Pin` is a wrapper around a reference. An object cannot be moved from its "
|
|
"place using a pinned pointer. However, it can still be moved through an "
|
|
"unpinned pointer."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`Pin` es un envoltorio que rodea a una referencia. No se puede mover un "
|
|
"objeto desde su lugar mediante un puntero fijado. Sin embargo, sí se puede "
|
|
"mover mediante un puntero no fijado."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/pin.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The `poll` method of the `Future` trait uses `Pin<&mut Self>` instead of "
|
|
"`&mut Self` to refer to the instance. That's why it can only be called on a "
|
|
"pinned pointer."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El método `poll` del trait `Future` utiliza `Pin<&mut Self>` en lugar de "
|
|
"`&mut Self` para hacer referencia a la instancia. Por eso solo se puede "
|
|
"llamar desde un puntero fijado."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Async methods in traits are not yet supported in the stable channel ([An "
|
|
"experimental feature exists in nightly and should be stabilized in the mid "
|
|
"term.](https://blog.rust-lang.org/inside-rust/2022/11/17/async-fn-in-trait-"
|
|
"nightly.html))"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los métodos asíncronos en traits todavía no son compatibles con el canal "
|
|
"estable. ([Existe una característica experimental en nightly que debería "
|
|
"estabilizarse a medio plazo.](https://blog.rust-lang.org/inside-"
|
|
"rust/2022/11/17/async-fn-in-trait-nightly.html))"
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The crate [async_trait](https://docs.rs/async-trait/latest/async_trait/) "
|
|
"provides a workaround through a macro:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El crate [async_trait](https://docs.rs/async-trait/latest/async_trait/) "
|
|
"proporciona una solución mediante una macro:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md
|
|
msgid "\"running all sleepers..\""
|
|
msgstr "\"ejecutando todos los sleepers…\"."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md
|
|
msgid "\"slept for {}ms\""
|
|
msgstr "\"ha dormido {} ms\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`async_trait` is easy to use, but note that it's using heap allocations to "
|
|
"achieve this. This heap allocation has performance overhead."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`async_trait` es fácil de usar, pero ten en cuenta que utiliza asignaciones "
|
|
"de montículos para conseguirlo. Esta asignación de montículo tiene una "
|
|
"sobrecarga de rendimiento."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The challenges in language support for `async trait` are deep Rust and "
|
|
"probably not worth describing in-depth. Niko Matsakis did a good job of "
|
|
"explaining them in [this post](https://smallcultfollowing.com/babysteps/"
|
|
"blog/2019/10/26/async-fn-in-traits-are-hard/) if you are interested in "
|
|
"digging deeper."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Los problemas de compatibilidad del lenguaje con `async trait` son muy "
|
|
"complejos y no vale la pena describirlos en profundidad. Niko Matsakis lo "
|
|
"explica muy bien en [esta publicación](https://smallcultfollowing.com/"
|
|
"babysteps/blog/2019/10/26/async-fn-in-traits-are-hard/), por si te interesa "
|
|
"investigar más a fondo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/async-traits.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Try creating a new sleeper struct that will sleep for a random amount of "
|
|
"time and adding it to the Vec."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Prueba a crear una estructura que entre en suspensión durante un periodo "
|
|
"aleatorio y añádela a Vec."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Dropping a future implies it can never be polled again. This is called "
|
|
"_cancellation_ and it can occur at any `await` point. Care is needed to "
|
|
"ensure the system works correctly even when futures are cancelled. For "
|
|
"example, it shouldn't deadlock or lose data."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Si eliminas un futuro, no se podrá volver a sondear. Este fenómeno se "
|
|
"denomina _cancelación_ y puede producirse en cualquier momento de `await`. "
|
|
"Hay que tener cuidado para asegurar que el sistema funcione correctamente, "
|
|
"incluso cuando se cancelen los futuros. Por ejemplo, no debería sufrir "
|
|
"interbloqueos o perder datos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "\"not UTF-8\""
|
|
msgstr "UTF-8"
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md
|
|
msgid "\"hi\\nthere\\n\""
|
|
msgstr "\"hi\\nthere\\n\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md
|
|
msgid "\"tick!\""
|
|
msgstr "\"tick!\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The compiler doesn't help with cancellation-safety. You need to read API "
|
|
"documentation and consider what state your `async fn` holds."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El compilador no ayuda con la seguridad de la cancelación. Debes leer la "
|
|
"documentación de la API y tener en cuenta el estado de tu `async fn`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Unlike `panic` and `?`, cancellation is part of normal control flow (vs "
|
|
"error-handling)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"A diferencia de `panic` y `?`, la cancelación forma parte del flujo de "
|
|
"control normal (en contraposición a la gestión de errores)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md
|
|
msgid "The example loses parts of the string."
|
|
msgstr "En el ejemplo se pierden partes de la cadena."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Whenever the `tick()` branch finishes first, `next()` and its `buf` are "
|
|
"dropped."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Cuando la rama `tick()` termina primero, se eliminan `next()` y su `buf`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`LinesReader` can be made cancellation-safe by making `buf` part of the "
|
|
"struct:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"`LinesReader` se puede configurar para que no se cancele marcando `buf` como "
|
|
"parte del _struct_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md
|
|
msgid "// prefix buf and bytes with self.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// prefijo buf y bytes con self.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[`Interval::tick`](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/time/struct.Interval."
|
|
"html#method.tick) is cancellation-safe because it keeps track of whether a "
|
|
"tick has been 'delivered'."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[`Interval::tick`](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/time/struct.Interval."
|
|
"html#method.tick) es a prueba de cancelaciones, ya que registra si una marca "
|
|
"se ha 'entregado'."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[`AsyncReadExt::read`](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/io/trait."
|
|
"AsyncReadExt.html#method.read) is cancellation-safe because it either "
|
|
"returns or doesn't read data."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[`AsyncReadExt::read`](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/io/trait."
|
|
"AsyncReadExt.html#method.read) es a prueba de cancelaciones porque o "
|
|
"devuelve los datos o no los lee."
|
|
|
|
#: src/async/pitfalls/cancellation.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[`AsyncBufReadExt::read_line`](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/io/trait."
|
|
"AsyncBufReadExt.html#method.read_line) is similar to the example and _isn't_ "
|
|
"cancellation-safe. See its documentation for details and alternatives."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[`AsyncBufReadExt::read_line`](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/io/trait."
|
|
"AsyncBufReadExt.html#method.read_line) es similar al ejemplo y _no está_ "
|
|
"configurado a prueba de cancelaciones. Consulta su documentación para "
|
|
"obtener información detallada y alternativas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/afternoon.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"To practice your Async Rust skills, we have again two exercises for you:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Para practicar tus habilidades con async de Rust, tenemos otros dos nuevos "
|
|
"ejercicios:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/afternoon.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Dining philosophers: we already saw this problem in the morning. This time "
|
|
"you are going to implement it with Async Rust."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La cena de los filósofos: ya hemos visto este problema por la mañana. Esta "
|
|
"vez vas a implementarlo con async de Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/afternoon.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"A Broadcast Chat Application: this is a larger project that allows you "
|
|
"experiment with more advanced Async Rust features."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Una aplicación de chat de difusión: se trata de un proyecto más grande que "
|
|
"te permite experimentar con características más avanzadas de async de Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "Dining Philosophers --- Async"
|
|
msgstr "La Cena de Filósofos --- Async"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"See [dining philosophers](dining-philosophers.md) for a description of the "
|
|
"problem."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Consulta la descripción del problema en la sección sobre [la cena de "
|
|
"filósofos](dining-philosophers.md)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"As before, you will need a local [Cargo installation](../../cargo/running-"
|
|
"locally.md) for this exercise. Copy the code below to a file called `src/"
|
|
"main.rs`, fill out the blanks, and test that `cargo run` does not deadlock:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Como antes, necesitarás una [instalación local de Cargo](../../cargo/running-"
|
|
"locally.md) para realizar el ejercicio. Copia el fragmento de código que "
|
|
"aparece más abajo en un archivo denominado `src/main.rs`, rellena los "
|
|
"espacios en blanco y comprueba que `cargo run` no presenta interbloqueos:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "// Make them think and eat\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Hazles pensar y comer\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Since this time you are using Async Rust, you'll need a `tokio` dependency. "
|
|
"You can use the following `Cargo.toml`:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Dado que esta vez usas async, necesitarás una dependencia `tokio`. Puedes "
|
|
"usar el siguiente `Cargo.toml`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```toml\n"
|
|
"[package]\n"
|
|
"name = \"dining-philosophers-async-dine\"\n"
|
|
"version = \"0.1.0\"\n"
|
|
"edition = \"2021\"\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"[dependencies]\n"
|
|
"tokio = { version = \"1.26.0\", features = [\"sync\", \"time\", \"macros\", "
|
|
"\"rt-multi-thread\"] }\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"```toml\n"
|
|
"[package]\n"
|
|
"name = \"dining-philosophers-async-dine\"\n"
|
|
"version = \"0.1.0\"\n"
|
|
"edition = \"2021\"\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"[dependencies]\n"
|
|
"tokio = { version = \"1.26.0\", features = [\"sync\", \"time\", \"macros\", "
|
|
"\"rt-multi-thread\"] }\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Also note that this time you have to use the `Mutex` and the `mpsc` module "
|
|
"from the `tokio` crate."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Además, ten en cuenta que esta vez tienes que utilizar `Mutex` y el módulo "
|
|
"`mpsc` del crate `tokio`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/dining-philosophers-async.md
|
|
msgid "Can you make your implementation single-threaded?"
|
|
msgstr "¿Puedes conseguir que tu implementación tenga un solo hilo? "
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"In this exercise, we want to use our new knowledge to implement a broadcast "
|
|
"chat application. We have a chat server that the clients connect to and "
|
|
"publish their messages. The client reads user messages from the standard "
|
|
"input, and sends them to the server. The chat server broadcasts each message "
|
|
"that it receives to all the clients."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En este ejercicio, queremos usar nuestros nuevos conocimientos para "
|
|
"implementar una aplicación de chat de difusión. Disponemos de un servidor de "
|
|
"chat al que los clientes se conectan y publican sus mensajes. El cliente lee "
|
|
"los mensajes de usuario de la entrada estándar y los envía al servidor. El "
|
|
"servidor del chat transmite cada mensaje que recibe a todos los clientes."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"For this, we use [a broadcast channel](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/"
|
|
"sync/broadcast/fn.channel.html) on the server, and [`tokio_websockets`]"
|
|
"(https://docs.rs/tokio-websockets/) for the communication between the client "
|
|
"and the server."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Para ello, usaremos \\[un canal en abierto](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/"
|
|
"tokio/sync/broadcast/fn.channel.html) en el servidor y [`tokio_websockets`]"
|
|
"(https://docs.rs/tokio-websockets/) para la comunicación entre el cliente y "
|
|
"el servidor."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
|
|
msgid "Create a new Cargo project and add the following dependencies:"
|
|
msgstr "Crea un proyecto de Cargo y añade las siguientes dependencias:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
|
|
msgid "_Cargo.toml_:"
|
|
msgstr "_Cargo.toml_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"```toml\n"
|
|
"[package]\n"
|
|
"name = \"chat-async\"\n"
|
|
"version = \"0.1.0\"\n"
|
|
"edition = \"2021\"\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"[dependencies]\n"
|
|
"futures-util = { version = \"0.3.30\", features = [\"sink\"] }\n"
|
|
"http = \"1.0.0\"\n"
|
|
"tokio = { version = \"1.28.1\", features = [\"full\"] }\n"
|
|
"tokio-websockets = { version = \"0.5.1\", features = [\"client\", "
|
|
"\"fastrand\", \"server\", \"sha1_smol\"] }\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"```toml\n"
|
|
"[package]\n"
|
|
"name = \"chat-async\"\n"
|
|
"version = \"0.1.0\"\n"
|
|
"edition = \"2021\"\n"
|
|
"\n"
|
|
"[dependencies]\n"
|
|
"futures-util = { version = \"0.3.30\", features = [\"sink\"] }\n"
|
|
"http = \"1.0.0\"\n"
|
|
"tokio = { version = \"1.28.1\", features = [\"full\"] }\n"
|
|
"tokio-websockets = { version = \"0.5.1\", features = [\"client\", "
|
|
"\"fastrand\", \"server\", \"sha1_smol\"] }\n"
|
|
"```"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
|
|
msgid "The required APIs"
|
|
msgstr "Las APIs necesarias"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"You are going to need the following functions from `tokio` and "
|
|
"[`tokio_websockets`](https://docs.rs/tokio-websockets/). Spend a few minutes "
|
|
"to familiarize yourself with the API."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Necesitarás las siguientes funciones de `tokio` y [`tokio_websockets`]"
|
|
"(https://docs.rs/tokio-websockets/). Dedica unos minutos a familiarizarte "
|
|
"con la API. "
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[StreamExt::next()](https://docs.rs/futures-util/0.3.28/futures_util/stream/"
|
|
"trait.StreamExt.html#method.next) implemented by `WebSocketStream`: for "
|
|
"asynchronously reading messages from a Websocket Stream."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[StreamExt::next()](https://docs.rs/futures-util/0.3.28/futures_util/stream/"
|
|
"trait.StreamExt.html#method.next) implementado por `WebSocketStream`: "
|
|
"permite enviar mensajes de forma asíncrona a través de un flujo Websocket."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[SinkExt::send()](https://docs.rs/futures-util/0.3.28/futures_util/sink/"
|
|
"trait.SinkExt.html#method.send) implemented by `WebSocketStream`: for "
|
|
"asynchronously sending messages on a Websocket Stream."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[SinkExt::send()](https://docs.rs/futures-util/0.3.28/futures_util/sink/"
|
|
"trait.SinkExt.html#method.send) implementado por `WebsocketStream`: permite "
|
|
"enviar mensajes de forma asíncrona a través de un flujo Websocket."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Lines::next_line()](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/io/struct.Lines."
|
|
"html#method.next_line): for asynchronously reading user messages from the "
|
|
"standard input."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Lines::next_line()](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/io/struct.Lines."
|
|
"html#method.next_line): para la lectura asíncrona de mensajes de usuario de "
|
|
"la entrada estándar."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Sender::subscribe()](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/sync/broadcast/"
|
|
"struct.Sender.html#method.subscribe): for subscribing to a broadcast channel."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Sender::subscribe()](https://docs.rs/tokio/latest/tokio/sync/broadcast/"
|
|
"struct.Sender.html#method.subscribe): para suscribirse a un canal en abierto."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
|
|
msgid "Two binaries"
|
|
msgstr "Dos binarios"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Normally in a Cargo project, you can have only one binary, and one `src/main."
|
|
"rs` file. In this project, we need two binaries. One for the client, and one "
|
|
"for the server. You could potentially make them two separate Cargo projects, "
|
|
"but we are going to put them in a single Cargo project with two binaries. "
|
|
"For this to work, the client and the server code should go under `src/bin` "
|
|
"(see the [documentation](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/cargo-"
|
|
"targets.html#binaries))."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Normalmente, en un proyecto de Cargo, solo puedes tener un archivo binario y "
|
|
"un archivo `src/main.rs`. En este proyecto, se necesitan dos binarios, uno "
|
|
"para el cliente y otro para el servidor. Puedes convertirlos en dos "
|
|
"proyectos de Cargo independientes, pero los incluiremos en un solo proyecto "
|
|
"de Cargo con dos binarios. Para que funcione, el código del cliente y del "
|
|
"servidor deben aparecer en `src/bin` (consulta la [documentación](https://"
|
|
"doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/cargo-targets.html#binaries)). "
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Copy the following server and client code into `src/bin/server.rs` and `src/"
|
|
"bin/client.rs`, respectively. Your task is to complete these files as "
|
|
"described below."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Copia el fragmento de código del servidor y del cliente que aparecen más "
|
|
"abajo en `src/bin/server.rs` y `src/bin/client.rs`, respectivamente. Tu "
|
|
"tarea es completar estos archivos como se describe a continuación. "
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid "_src/bin/server.rs_:"
|
|
msgstr "`src/bin/server.rs`:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
|
|
msgid "// TODO: For a hint, see the description of the task below.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// TODO: Para obtener una pista, consulta la descripción de la tarea a "
|
|
"continuación.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "\"127.0.0.1:2000\""
|
|
msgstr "\"127.0.0.1:2000\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "\"listening on port 2000\""
|
|
msgstr "\"escuchando en el puerto 2000\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "\"New connection from {addr:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Nueva conexión de {addr:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "// Wrap the raw TCP stream into a websocket.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Envuelve el flujo TCP sin procesar en un websocket.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "_src/bin/client.rs_:"
|
|
msgstr "_src/bin/client.rs_:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "\"ws://127.0.0.1:2000\""
|
|
msgstr "\"ws://127.0.0.1:2000\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
|
|
msgid "Running the binaries"
|
|
msgstr "Ejecutar los binarios"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
|
|
msgid "Run the server with:"
|
|
msgstr "Ejecuta el servidor con:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
|
|
msgid "and the client with:"
|
|
msgstr "y el cliente con:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
|
|
msgid "Implement the `handle_connection` function in `src/bin/server.rs`."
|
|
msgstr "Implementa la función `handle_connection` en `src/bin/server.rs`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Hint: Use `tokio::select!` for concurrently performing two tasks in a "
|
|
"continuous loop. One task receives messages from the client and broadcasts "
|
|
"them. The other sends messages received by the server to the client."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Sugerencia: usa `tokio::select!` para realizar dos tareas simultáneamente en "
|
|
"un bucle continuo. Una tarea recibe mensajes del cliente y los transmite. La "
|
|
"otra envía los mensajes que recibe el servidor al cliente."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
|
|
msgid "Complete the main function in `src/bin/client.rs`."
|
|
msgstr "Completa la función principal en `src/bin/client.rs`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Hint: As before, use `tokio::select!` in a continuous loop for concurrently "
|
|
"performing two tasks: (1) reading user messages from standard input and "
|
|
"sending them to the server, and (2) receiving messages from the server, and "
|
|
"displaying them for the user."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Sugerencia: al igual que antes, usa `tokio::select!` en un bucle continuo "
|
|
"para realizar dos tareas simultáneamente: (1) leer los mensajes del usuario "
|
|
"desde la entrada estándar y enviarlos al servidor, y (2) recibir mensajes "
|
|
"del servidor y mostrárselos al usuario."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/chat-app.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Optional: Once you are done, change the code to broadcast messages to all "
|
|
"clients, but the sender of the message."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Opcional: cuando termines, cambia el código para difundir mensajes a todos "
|
|
"los clientes, excepto al remitente."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "Concurrency Afternoon Exercise"
|
|
msgstr "Concurrencia: Ejercicios de la Tarde"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "([back to exercise](dining-philosophers-async.md))"
|
|
msgstr "([volver al ejercicio](dining-philosophers-async.md))"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// Add a delay before picking the second fork to allow the execution\n"
|
|
" // to transfer to another task\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// Añade un retraso antes de elegir el segundo tenedor para permitir la "
|
|
"ejecución\n"
|
|
" // para transferir a otra tarea\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "// The locks are dropped here\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Los bloqueos se eliminan aquí\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// To avoid a deadlock, we have to break the symmetry\n"
|
|
" // somewhere. This will swap the forks without deinitializing\n"
|
|
" // either of them.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// Para evitar un interbloqueo, tenemos que romper la simetría\n"
|
|
" // en algún lugar. De este modo, se cambiarán los tenedores sin "
|
|
"desinicializar\n"
|
|
" // ninguno de ellos.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "// tx is dropped here, so we don't need to explicitly drop it later\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"// tx se elimina aquí, por lo que no tenemos que eliminarlo explícitamente "
|
|
"más tarde.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "\"Here is a thought: {thought}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Aquí tienes una reflexión: {thought}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "([back to exercise](chat-app.md))"
|
|
msgstr "([volver al ejercicio](chat-app.md))"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "\"Welcome to chat! Type a message\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Te damos la bienvenida al chat. Escribe un mensaje\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"// A continuous loop for concurrently performing two tasks: (1) receiving\n"
|
|
" // messages from `ws_stream` and broadcasting them, and (2) receiving\n"
|
|
" // messages on `bcast_rx` and sending them to the client.\n"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Sugerencia: al igual que antes, usa `tokio::select!` en un bucle continuo "
|
|
"para realizar dos tareas simultáneamente: (1) leer los mensajes del usuario "
|
|
"desde la entrada estándar y enviarlos al servidor, y (2) recibir mensajes "
|
|
"del servidor y mostrárselos al usuario."
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "\"From client {addr:?} {text:?}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Del cliente {addr:?} {text:?}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "// Continuous loop for concurrently sending and receiving messages.\n"
|
|
msgstr "// Bucle continuo para enviar y recibir mensajes simultáneamente.\n"
|
|
|
|
#: src/exercises/concurrency/solutions-afternoon.md
|
|
msgid "\"From server: {}\""
|
|
msgstr "\"Del servidor: {}\""
|
|
|
|
#: src/thanks.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"_Thank you for taking Comprehensive Rust 🦀!_ We hope you enjoyed it and "
|
|
"that it was useful."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"_Gracias por realizar el curso Comprehensive Rust 🦀._ Esperamos que te haya "
|
|
"gustado y que te haya resultado útil."
|
|
|
|
#: src/thanks.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"We've had a lot of fun putting the course together. The course is not "
|
|
"perfect, so if you spotted any mistakes or have ideas for improvements, "
|
|
"please get in [contact with us on GitHub](https://github.com/google/"
|
|
"comprehensive-rust/discussions). We would love to hear from you."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Nos lo hemos pasado muy bien preparando el curso. Sabemos que no es "
|
|
"perfecto, así que si has detectado algún error o tienes ideas para "
|
|
"mejorarlo, [ponte en contacto con nosotros en GitHub](https://github.com/"
|
|
"google/comprehensive-rust/discussions). Nos encantaría saber tu opinión."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The following is a glossary which aims to give a short definition of many "
|
|
"Rust terms. For translations, this also serves to connect the term back to "
|
|
"the English original."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"A continuación, se incluye un glosario con el objetivo de ofrecer una breve "
|
|
"definición de algunos términos de Rust. En el caso de las traducciones, "
|
|
"también sirve para relacionar el término con el original en inglés."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"allocate: \n"
|
|
"Dynamic memory allocation on [the heap](memory-management/stack-vs-heap.md)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"asignar: \n"
|
|
"Asignación dinámica de memoria en [el montículo](Memory-management/stack-vs-"
|
|
"heap.md)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"argument: \n"
|
|
"Information that is passed into a function or method."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"argumento: \n"
|
|
"Información que se transmite a una función o método."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Bare-metal Rust: \n"
|
|
"Low-level Rust development, often deployed to a system without an operating "
|
|
"system. See [Bare-metal Rust](bare-metal.md)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust Bare-metal: \n"
|
|
"desarrollo de Rust de bajo nivel, a menudo desplegado en un sistema sin "
|
|
"sistema operativo. Consulta [Bare-metal Rust](bare-metal.md)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"block: \n"
|
|
"See [Blocks](control-flow/blocks.md) and _scope_."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"bloque: \n"
|
|
"Consulta [bloques](control-flow/blocks.md) y _ámbito_."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"borrow: \n"
|
|
"See [Borrowing](ownership/borrowing.md)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"borrow (_omar prestado_): \n"
|
|
"Consulta [Borrowing (Préstamos)](ownership/borrowing.md)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"borrow checker: \n"
|
|
"The part of the Rust compiler which checks that all borrows are valid."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"borrow checker (_comprobador de préstamos_): \n"
|
|
"la parte del compilador de Rust que comprueba que todos los préstamos sean "
|
|
"válidos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"brace: \n"
|
|
"`{` and `}`. Also called _curly brace_, they delimit _blocks_."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"llave: \n"
|
|
"`{` and `}`. Delimitan _bloques_."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"build: \n"
|
|
"The process of converting source code into executable code or a usable "
|
|
"program."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"compilar \n"
|
|
"El proceso de conversión de código fuente en código ejecutable o en un "
|
|
"programa utilizable."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"call: \n"
|
|
"To invoke or execute a function or method."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Llamar: \n"
|
|
"invocar o ejecutar una función o método."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"channel: \n"
|
|
"Used to safely pass messages [between threads](concurrency/channels.md)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Canal: \n"
|
|
"se utiliza para enviar mensajes [entre hilos](concurrency/channels.md) de "
|
|
"forma segura."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Comprehensive Rust 🦀: \n"
|
|
"The courses here are jointly called Comprehensive Rust 🦀."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Comprehensive Rust 🦀: \n"
|
|
"el conjunto de cursos que se describen aquí se denomina Comprehensive Rust "
|
|
"🦀."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"concurrency: \n"
|
|
"The execution of multiple tasks or processes at the same time."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Simultaneidad: \n"
|
|
"ejecución de varias tareas o procesos al mismo tiempo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Concurrency in Rust: \n"
|
|
"See [Concurrency in Rust](concurrency.md)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Simultaneidad en Rust: \n"
|
|
"consulta [Simultaneidad en Rust](concurrency.md)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"constant: \n"
|
|
"A value that does not change during the execution of a program."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Constante: \n"
|
|
" valor que no cambia durante la ejecución de un programa."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"control flow: \n"
|
|
"The order in which the individual statements or instructions are executed in "
|
|
"a program."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Flujo de control: \n"
|
|
"el orden en el que se ejecutan las instrucciones individuales en un programa."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"crash: \n"
|
|
"An unexpected and unhandled failure or termination of a program."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Fallo: \n"
|
|
"fallo o finalización de un programa de forma inesperada y sin gestionar."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"enumeration: \n"
|
|
"A data type that holds one of several named constants, possibly with an "
|
|
"associated tuple or struct."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Enumeración: \n"
|
|
"tipo de dato que contiene una de varias constantes con nombre, posiblemente "
|
|
"con una tupla o estructura asociada."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"error: \n"
|
|
"An unexpected condition or result that deviates from the expected behavior."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Error: \n"
|
|
"condición o resultado inesperado que se desvía del comportamiento esperado."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"error handling: \n"
|
|
"The process of managing and responding to errors that occur during program "
|
|
"execution."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Gestión de errores: \n"
|
|
"el proceso de gestionar y responder a los errores que se producen durante la "
|
|
"ejecución del programa."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"exercise: \n"
|
|
"A task or problem designed to practice and test programming skills."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ejercicio: \n"
|
|
"una tarea o problema diseñado para practicar y poner a prueba las "
|
|
"habilidades de programación."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"function: \n"
|
|
"A reusable block of code that performs a specific task."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Función: \n"
|
|
"bloque de código reutilizable que lleva a cabo una tarea específica."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"garbage collector: \n"
|
|
"A mechanism that automatically frees up memory occupied by objects that are "
|
|
"no longer in use."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Recolector de elementos no utilizados: \n"
|
|
"mecanismo que libera automáticamente la memoria que ocupan objetos que ya no "
|
|
"se utilizan."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"generics: \n"
|
|
"A feature that allows writing code with placeholders for types, enabling "
|
|
"code reuse with different data types."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Genéricos: \n"
|
|
"una función que permite escribir código con marcadores de posición para los "
|
|
"tipos, lo que permite reutilizar código con distintos tipos de datos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"immutable: \n"
|
|
"Unable to be changed after creation."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Inmutable: \n"
|
|
"que no se puede cambiar después de crearse."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"integration test: \n"
|
|
"A type of test that verifies the interactions between different parts or "
|
|
"components of a system."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Prueba de integración: \n"
|
|
"tipo de prueba que verifica las interacciones entre diferentes partes o "
|
|
"componentes de un sistema."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"keyword: \n"
|
|
"A reserved word in a programming language that has a specific meaning and "
|
|
"cannot be used as an identifier."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Palabra clave: \n"
|
|
"palabra reservada en un lenguaje de programación que tiene un significado "
|
|
"específico y que no se puede utilizar como identificador."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"library: \n"
|
|
"A collection of precompiled routines or code that can be used by programs."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Biblioteca: \n"
|
|
"una colección de rutinas o código precompilados que pueden utilizar los "
|
|
"programas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"macro: \n"
|
|
"Rust macros can be recognized by a `!` in the name. Macros are used when "
|
|
"normal functions are not enough. A typical example is `format!`, which takes "
|
|
"a variable number of arguments, which isn't supported by Rust functions."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Macro: \n"
|
|
"las macros de Rust se pueden reconocer por llevar `!` en el nombre. Las "
|
|
"macros se utilizan cuando las funciones normales no son suficientes. Un "
|
|
"ejemplo típico es `format!`, que utiliza un número variable de argumentos "
|
|
"que no es compatible con las funciones de Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"`main` function: \n"
|
|
"Rust programs start executing with the `main` function."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Función `main`: \n"
|
|
"los programas de Rust empiezan a ejecutarse con la función `main`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"match: \n"
|
|
"A control flow construct in Rust that allows for pattern matching on the "
|
|
"value of an expression."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Coincidencia: \n"
|
|
"construcción de flujo de control en Rust que permite la coincidencia de "
|
|
"patrones con el valor de una expresión."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"memory leak: \n"
|
|
"A situation where a program fails to release memory that is no longer "
|
|
"needed, leading to a gradual increase in memory usage."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Pérdida de memoria: \n"
|
|
"situación en la que un programa no libera memoria que ya no se necesita, lo "
|
|
"que provoca un aumento gradual en el uso de memoria."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"method: \n"
|
|
"A function associated with an object or a type in Rust."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Método: \n"
|
|
"una función asociada a un objeto o a un tipo en Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"module: \n"
|
|
"A namespace that contains definitions, such as functions, types, or traits, "
|
|
"to organize code in Rust."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Módulo: \n"
|
|
"espacio de nombres que contiene definiciones, como funciones, tipos o "
|
|
"traits, para organizar el código en Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"move: \n"
|
|
"The transfer of ownership of a value from one variable to another in Rust."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Mover: \n"
|
|
"la transferencia de la propiedad de un valor de una variable a otra en Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"mutable: \n"
|
|
"A property in Rust that allows variables to be modified after they have been "
|
|
"declared."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Mutable: \n"
|
|
"una propiedad en Rust que permite que se modifiquen las variables después de "
|
|
"que se hayan declarado."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"ownership: \n"
|
|
"The concept in Rust that defines which part of the code is responsible for "
|
|
"managing the memory associated with a value."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Propiedad: \n"
|
|
"el concepto de Rust que define qué parte del código es responsable de "
|
|
"gestionar la memoria asociada a un valor."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"panic: \n"
|
|
"An unrecoverable error condition in Rust that results in the termination of "
|
|
"the program."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Pánico: \n"
|
|
"condición de error irrecuperable en Rust que provoca la finalización del "
|
|
"programa."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"parameter: \n"
|
|
"A value that is passed into a function or method when it is called."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Parámetro: \n"
|
|
" valor que se transfiere a una función o método cuando se llama."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"pattern: \n"
|
|
"A combination of values, literals, or structures that can be matched against "
|
|
"an expression in Rust."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Patrón: \n"
|
|
"una combinación de valores, literales o estructuras que se pueden comparar "
|
|
"con una expresión de Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"payload: \n"
|
|
"The data or information carried by a message, event, or data structure."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Carga útil: \n"
|
|
"los datos o la información que transporta un mensaje, evento o estructura de "
|
|
"datos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"program: \n"
|
|
"A set of instructions that a computer can execute to perform a specific task "
|
|
"or solve a particular problem."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Programa: \n"
|
|
"conjunto de instrucciones que un ordenador puede ejecutar para llevar a cabo "
|
|
"una tarea específica o resolver un problema concreto."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"programming language: \n"
|
|
"A formal system used to communicate instructions to a computer, such as Rust."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Lenguaje de programación: \n"
|
|
"un sistema formal que se utiliza para comunicar instrucciones a un "
|
|
"ordenador, como Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"receiver: \n"
|
|
"The first parameter in a Rust method that represents the instance on which "
|
|
"the method is called."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Receptor: \n"
|
|
"el primer parámetro de un método de Rust que representa la instancia en la "
|
|
"que se llama al método."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"reference counting: \n"
|
|
"A memory management technique in which the number of references to an object "
|
|
"is tracked, and the object is deallocated when the count reaches zero."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Recuento de referencias: \n"
|
|
"técnica de gestión de la memoria en la que se hace un seguimiento del número "
|
|
"de referencias a un objeto y se desasigna cuando el recuento llega a cero."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"return: \n"
|
|
"A keyword in Rust used to indicate the value to be returned from a function."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Retorno: \n"
|
|
"una palabra clave de Rust que se utiliza para indicar el valor que se "
|
|
"devuelve de una función."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust: \n"
|
|
"A systems programming language that focuses on safety, performance, and "
|
|
"concurrency."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust: \n"
|
|
"lenguaje de programación de sistemas que se centra en la seguridad, el "
|
|
"rendimiento y la simultaneidad."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust Fundamentals: \n"
|
|
"Days 1 to 3 of this course."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Aspectos básicos de Rust: \n"
|
|
"contenido del día 1 al día 3 de este curso."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust in Android: \n"
|
|
"See [Rust in Android](android.md)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust en Android: \n"
|
|
"consulta [Rust en Android](android.md)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Rust in Chromium: \n"
|
|
"See [Rust in Chromium](chromium.md)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Rust en Chromium: \n"
|
|
"consulta [Rust en Chromium](chromium.md)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"safe: \n"
|
|
"Refers to code that adheres to Rust's ownership and borrowing rules, "
|
|
"preventing memory-related errors."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Seguro: \n"
|
|
"se refiere al código que cumple las reglas de propiedad y préstamos de Rust, "
|
|
"lo que evita errores relacionados con la memoria."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"scope: \n"
|
|
"The region of a program where a variable is valid and can be used."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Ámbito: \n"
|
|
"la región de un programa en la que una variable es válida y se puede "
|
|
"utilizar."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"standard library: \n"
|
|
"A collection of modules providing essential functionality in Rust."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Biblioteca estándar: \n"
|
|
"una colección de módulos que proporcionan funciones esenciales en Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"static: \n"
|
|
"A keyword in Rust used to define static variables or items with a `'static` "
|
|
"lifetime."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Static: \n"
|
|
"una palabra clave de Rust que se utiliza para definir variables o elementos "
|
|
"estáticos con un tiempo de vida `'static`."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"string: \n"
|
|
"A data type storing textual data. See [`String` vs `str`](basic-syntax/"
|
|
"string-slices.html) for more."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"String o cadena: \n"
|
|
"tipo de datos que almacena datos de texto. Consulta [`String` vs `str`]"
|
|
"(basic-syntax/string-slices.html) para obtener más información."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"struct: \n"
|
|
"A composite data type in Rust that groups together variables of different "
|
|
"types under a single name."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Struct: \n"
|
|
"tipo de datos compuestos de Rust que agrupa variables de diferentes tipos "
|
|
"bajo un mismo nombre."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"test: \n"
|
|
"A Rust module containing functions that test the correctness of other "
|
|
"functions."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Prueba: \n"
|
|
"módulo de Rust que contiene funciones que comprueban que otras funciones "
|
|
"sean correctas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"thread: \n"
|
|
"A separate sequence of execution in a program, allowing concurrent execution."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Hilo: \n"
|
|
"una secuencia de ejecución independiente en un programa que permite la "
|
|
"ejecución simultánea."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"thread safety: \n"
|
|
"The property of a program that ensures correct behavior in a multithreaded "
|
|
"environment."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Seguridad en hilos: \n"
|
|
"la propiedad de un programa que asegura un comportamiento correcto en un "
|
|
"entorno multihilo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"trait: \n"
|
|
"A collection of methods defined for an unknown type, providing a way to "
|
|
"achieve polymorphism in Rust."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Trait: \n"
|
|
"conjunto de métodos definidos para un tipo desconocido que proporciona una "
|
|
"forma de lograr el polimorfismo en Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"trait bound: \n"
|
|
"An abstraction where you can require types to implement some traits of your "
|
|
"interest."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Límite del trait: \n"
|
|
"una abstracción en la que puedes requerir que los tipos implementen algunos "
|
|
"traits de tu interés."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"tuple: \n"
|
|
"A composite data type that contains variables of different types. Tuple "
|
|
"fields have no names, and are accessed by their ordinal numbers."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Tupla: \n"
|
|
"tipo de datos compuestos que contiene variables de diferentes tipos. Los "
|
|
"campos de tuplas no tienen nombre y se accede a ellos por sus números "
|
|
"ordinales."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"type: \n"
|
|
"A classification that specifies which operations can be performed on values "
|
|
"of a particular kind in Rust."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Tipo: \n"
|
|
"una clasificación que especifica qué operaciones se pueden llevar a cabo en "
|
|
"valores de una clase concreta en Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"type inference: \n"
|
|
"The ability of the Rust compiler to deduce the type of a variable or "
|
|
"expression."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Inferencia de tipos: \n"
|
|
"capacidad del compilador de Rust para deducir el tipo de una variable o "
|
|
"expresión."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"undefined behavior: \n"
|
|
"Actions or conditions in Rust that have no specified result, often leading "
|
|
"to unpredictable program behavior."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Comportamiento indefinido: \n"
|
|
"acciones o condiciones en Rust que no tienen ningún resultado especificado, "
|
|
"lo que a menudo provoca un comportamiento impredecible del programa."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"union: \n"
|
|
"A data type that can hold values of different types but only one at a time."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Unión: \n"
|
|
"tipo de datos que puede contener valores de distintos tipos, pero solo de "
|
|
"uno en uno."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"unit test: \n"
|
|
"Rust comes with built-in support for running small unit tests and larger "
|
|
"integration tests. See [Unit Tests](testing/unit-tests.html)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Prueba unitaria: \n"
|
|
"Rust incluye asistencia integrada para llevar a cabo pruebas unitarias de "
|
|
"pequeño tamaño y pruebas de integración de mayor tamaño. Consulta la página "
|
|
"[Pruebas unitarias](testing/unit-tests.html)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"unit type: \n"
|
|
"Type that holds no data, written as a tuple with no members."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Tipo de unidad: \n"
|
|
"tipo que no contiene datos, escrito como una tupla sin miembros."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"unsafe: \n"
|
|
"The subset of Rust which allows you to trigger _undefined behavior_. See "
|
|
"[Unsafe Rust](unsafe.html)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Inseguro: \n"
|
|
"el subconjunto de Rust que te permite activar un _comportamiento "
|
|
"indefinido_. Consulta [Rust inseguro](unsafe.html)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/glossary.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"variable: \n"
|
|
"A memory location storing data. Variables are valid in a _scope_."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Variable: \n"
|
|
"una ubicación de la memoria que almacena datos. Las variables son válidas en "
|
|
"un _ámbito_"
|
|
|
|
#: src/other-resources.md
|
|
msgid "Other Rust Resources"
|
|
msgstr "Otros recursos de Rust"
|
|
|
|
#: src/other-resources.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The Rust community has created a wealth of high-quality and free resources "
|
|
"online."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"La comunidad de Rust ha creado una gran cantidad de recursos online sin "
|
|
"coste y de gran calidad."
|
|
|
|
#: src/other-resources.md
|
|
msgid "Official Documentation"
|
|
msgstr "Documentación oficial"
|
|
|
|
#: src/other-resources.md
|
|
msgid "The Rust project hosts many resources. These cover Rust in general:"
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El proyecto Rust cuenta con muchos recursos. Estos tratan sobre Rust en "
|
|
"general:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/other-resources.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[The Rust Programming Language](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/): the "
|
|
"canonical free book about Rust. Covers the language in detail and includes a "
|
|
"few projects for people to build."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[The Rust Programming Language](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/): el libro "
|
|
"canónico sobre Rust sin coste alguno. Trata el lenguaje de forma detallada e "
|
|
"incluye algunos proyectos que los usuarios pueden compilar."
|
|
|
|
#: src/other-resources.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Rust By Example](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/): covers the "
|
|
"Rust syntax via a series of examples which showcase different constructs. "
|
|
"Sometimes includes small exercises where you are asked to expand on the code "
|
|
"in the examples."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Rust by Example](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/): trata la "
|
|
"sintaxis de Rust a través de una serie de ejemplos que muestran distintas "
|
|
"construcciones. A veces incluye pequeños ejercicios en los que se te pide "
|
|
"que amplíes el código de los ejemplos."
|
|
|
|
#: src/other-resources.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Rust Standard Library](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/): full documentation "
|
|
"of the standard library for Rust."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[La biblioteca estándar de Rust](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/): "
|
|
"documentación completa de la biblioteca estándar de Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/other-resources.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[The Rust Reference](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/): an incomplete "
|
|
"book which describes the Rust grammar and memory model."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[The Rust Reference](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/): un libro "
|
|
"incompleto que describe la gramática y el modelo de memoria de Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/other-resources.md
|
|
msgid "More specialized guides hosted on the official Rust site:"
|
|
msgstr "Consulta guías más especializadas en el sitio oficial de Rust:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/other-resources.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[The Rustonomicon](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/): covers unsafe Rust, "
|
|
"including working with raw pointers and interfacing with other languages "
|
|
"(FFI)."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[The Rustonomicon](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/): trata de Rust "
|
|
"inseguro, incluido cómo trabajar con punteros sin formato e interactuar con "
|
|
"otros lenguajes (FFI)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/other-resources.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Asynchronous Programming in Rust](https://rust-lang.github.io/async-book/): "
|
|
"covers the new asynchronous programming model which was introduced after the "
|
|
"Rust Book was written."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Asynchronous Programming in Rust](https://rust-lang.github.io/async-book/): "
|
|
"incluye el nuevo modelo de programación asíncrona que se introdujo después "
|
|
"de que se escribiera el libro de Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/other-resources.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[The Embedded Rust Book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/embedded-book/): "
|
|
"an introduction to using Rust on embedded devices without an operating "
|
|
"system."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[The Embedded Rust Book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/embedded-book/): "
|
|
"una introducción sobre el uso de Rust en dispositivos integrados sin sistema "
|
|
"operativo."
|
|
|
|
#: src/other-resources.md
|
|
msgid "Unofficial Learning Material"
|
|
msgstr "Material de formación no oficial"
|
|
|
|
#: src/other-resources.md
|
|
msgid "A small selection of other guides and tutorial for Rust:"
|
|
msgstr "Una pequeña selección de otras guías y tutoriales sobre Rust:"
|
|
|
|
#: src/other-resources.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Learn Rust the Dangerous Way](http://cliffle.com/p/dangerust/): covers Rust "
|
|
"from the perspective of low-level C programmers."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Learn Rust the Dangerous Way](http://cliffle.com/p/dangerust/): trata Rust "
|
|
"desde la perspectiva de los programadores de C de bajo nivel."
|
|
|
|
#: src/other-resources.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Rust for Embedded C Programmers](https://docs.opentitan.org/doc/ug/"
|
|
"rust_for_c/): covers Rust from the perspective of developers who write "
|
|
"firmware in C."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Rust for Embedded C Programmers](https://docs.opentitan.org/doc/ug/"
|
|
"rust_for_c/): explica Rust desde la perspectiva de los desarrolladores que "
|
|
"escriben _firmware_ en C."
|
|
|
|
#: src/other-resources.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Rust for professionals](https://overexact.com/rust-for-professionals/): "
|
|
"covers the syntax of Rust using side-by-side comparisons with other "
|
|
"languages such as C, C++, Java, JavaScript, and Python."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Rust for professonals](https://overexact.com/rust-for-professionals/): "
|
|
"trata la sintaxis de Rust comparándola con otros lenguajes, como C, C++, "
|
|
"Java, JavaScript y Python."
|
|
|
|
#: src/other-resources.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Rust on Exercism](https://exercism.org/tracks/rust): 100+ exercises to help "
|
|
"you learn Rust."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Rust on Exercism](https://exercism.org/tracks/rust): más de 100 ejercicios "
|
|
"para aprender Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/other-resources.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Ferrous Teaching Material](https://ferrous-systems.github.io/teaching-"
|
|
"material/index.html): a series of small presentations covering both basic "
|
|
"and advanced part of the Rust language. Other topics such as WebAssembly, "
|
|
"and async/await are also covered."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Ferrous Teaching Material](https://ferrous-systems.github.io/teaching-"
|
|
"material/index.html): una serie de pequeñas presentaciones que cubren tanto "
|
|
"la parte básica como la parte más avanzada del lenguaje Rust. También se "
|
|
"tratan otros temas como WebAssembly y async/await."
|
|
|
|
#: src/other-resources.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Beginner's Series to Rust](https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/shows/beginners-"
|
|
"series-to-rust/) and [Take your first steps with Rust](https://docs."
|
|
"microsoft.com/en-us/learn/paths/rust-first-steps/): two Rust guides aimed at "
|
|
"new developers. The first is a set of 35 videos and the second is a set of "
|
|
"11 modules which covers Rust syntax and basic constructs."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Beginner's Series to Rust](https://docs.microsoft.com/es/shows/beginners-"
|
|
"series-to-rust/) y [Take your first steps with Rust](https://docs.microsoft."
|
|
"com/es/learn/paths/rust-first-steps/): dos guías de Rust dirigidas a nuevos "
|
|
"desarrolladores. La primera es un conjunto de 35 vídeos y la segunda es un "
|
|
"conjunto de 11 módulos que cubren la sintaxis y las construcciones básicas "
|
|
"de Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/other-resources.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"[Learn Rust With Entirely Too Many Linked Lists](https://rust-unofficial."
|
|
"github.io/too-many-lists/): in-depth exploration of Rust's memory management "
|
|
"rules, through implementing a few different types of list structures."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"[Learn Rust With Entirely Too Many Linked Lists](https://rust-unofficial."
|
|
"github.io/too-many-lists/): exploración detallada de las reglas de gestión "
|
|
"de la memoria de Rust a través de la implementación de algunos tipos "
|
|
"diferentes de estructuras de listas."
|
|
|
|
#: src/other-resources.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Please see the [Little Book of Rust Books](https://lborb.github.io/book/) "
|
|
"for even more Rust books."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Consulta [The Little Book of Rust Books](https://lborb.github.io/book/) para "
|
|
"ver más libros de Rust."
|
|
|
|
#: src/credits.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The material here builds on top of the many great sources of Rust "
|
|
"documentation. See the page on [other resources](other-resources.md) for a "
|
|
"full list of useful resources."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Este material se basa en las numerosas fuentes de documentación sobre Rust. "
|
|
"Consulta la página de [otros recursos](other-resources.md) para ver una "
|
|
"lista completa de recursos útiles."
|
|
|
|
#: src/credits.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The material of Comprehensive Rust is licensed under the terms of the Apache "
|
|
"2.0 license, please see [`LICENSE`](https://github.com/google/comprehensive-"
|
|
"rust/blob/main/LICENSE) for details."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"El material de Comprehensive Rust está sujeto a los términos de la licencia "
|
|
"Apache 2.0. Para obtener más información, consulta [`LICENSE`](https://"
|
|
"github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/blob/main/LICENSE)."
|
|
|
|
#: src/credits.md
|
|
msgid "Rust by Example"
|
|
msgstr "Rust by Example"
|
|
|
|
#: src/credits.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Some examples and exercises have been copied and adapted from [Rust by "
|
|
"Example](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/). Please see the "
|
|
"`third_party/rust-by-example/` directory for details, including the license "
|
|
"terms."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Algunos ejemplos y ejercicios se han copiado y adaptado del libro [Rust by "
|
|
"Example](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/). Consulta el directorio "
|
|
"`third_party/rust-by-example/` para obtener más información, incluidos los "
|
|
"términos de la licencia."
|
|
|
|
#: src/credits.md
|
|
msgid "Rust on Exercism"
|
|
msgstr "Rust on Exercism"
|
|
|
|
#: src/credits.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"Some exercises have been copied and adapted from [Rust on Exercism](https://"
|
|
"exercism.org/tracks/rust). Please see the `third_party/rust-on-exercism/` "
|
|
"directory for details, including the license terms."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"Se han copiado y adaptado algunos ejercicios del recurso [Rust on Exercism]"
|
|
"(https://exercism.org/tracks/rust). Consulta el directorio `third_party/rust-"
|
|
"on-exercism/` para obtener más información, incluidos los términos de la "
|
|
"licencia."
|
|
|
|
#: src/credits.md
|
|
msgid "CXX"
|
|
msgstr "CXX"
|
|
|
|
#: src/credits.md
|
|
msgid ""
|
|
"The [Interoperability with C++](android/interoperability/cpp.md) section "
|
|
"uses an image from [CXX](https://cxx.rs/). Please see the `third_party/cxx/` "
|
|
"directory for details, including the license terms."
|
|
msgstr ""
|
|
"En la sección [Interoperabilidad con C++](android/Interop/cpp.md) se usa una "
|
|
"imagen de [CXX](https://cxx.rs/). Consulta el directorio `third_party/cxx/` "
|
|
"para obtener más información, incluidos los términos de la licencia."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Small Example"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Pequeño ejemplo"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Why Rust?"
|
|
#~ msgstr "¿Por qué Rust?"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Compile Time Guarantees"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Garantías en Tiempo de Compilación"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Runtime Guarantees"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Garantías en Runtime (Tiempo de Ejecución)"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Modern Features"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Funcionalidades Modernas"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Basic Syntax"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Sintaxis básica"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "String vs str"
|
|
#~ msgstr "String o str"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Overloading"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Sobrecarga"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Arrays and for Loops"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Arrays y Loops for"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "if expressions"
|
|
#~ msgstr "expresiones if"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "for expressions"
|
|
#~ msgstr "expresiones for"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "while expressions"
|
|
#~ msgstr "expresiones while"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "break & continue"
|
|
#~ msgstr "break y continue"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "loop expressions"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Expresiones loop"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Variant Payloads"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Payloads Variantes"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Enum Sizes"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Tamaños de Enum"
|
|
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
#~ msgid "Novel Control Flow"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Control de Flujo"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "if let expressions"
|
|
#~ msgstr "expresiones if let"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "while let expressions"
|
|
#~ msgstr "expresiones while let"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "match expressions"
|
|
#~ msgstr "expresiones match"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Destructuring Structs"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Desestructurando Structs"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Destructuring Arrays"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Desestructurando Arrays"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Match Guards"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Guardas de Match"
|
|
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
#~ msgid "Pattern Matching (TBD)"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Correspondencia de Patrones"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Stack Memory"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Memoria de la Pila (_Stack_)"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Manual Memory Management"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Manejo Manual de Memoria"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Scope-Based Memory Management"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Manejo de Memoria basado en Scope (ámbitos)"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Garbage Collection"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Recolección de memoria residual"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Rust Memory Management"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Manejo de la Memoria en Rust"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Moved Strings in Rust"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Cadenas movidas en Rust"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Double Frees in Modern C++"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Double free en código C++ moderno"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Moves in Function Calls"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Movimientos en llamadas de función"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Copying and Cloning"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Copiar y clonar"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Shared and Unique Borrows"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Préstamos compartidos y únicos"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Field Shorthand Syntax"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Sintaxis abreviada de campos"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Method Receiver"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Receptor de método"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Storing Books"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Almacenar libros"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Option and Result"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Option y Result"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Vec"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Vec"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "HashMap"
|
|
#~ msgstr "HashMap"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Box"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Box"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Recursive Data Types"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Tipos de datos recursivos"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Rc"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Rc"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Iterators and Ownership"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Iteradores y Ownership (Propiedad)"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Strings and Iterators"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Cadenas e Iteradores"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Generic Methods"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Métodos Genéricos"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Monomorphization"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Monomorfización"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Default Methods"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Métodos por Default"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "impl Trait"
|
|
#~ msgstr "impl Trait"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Important Traits"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Traits Importantes"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "From and Into"
|
|
#~ msgstr "From e Into"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Operators: Add, Mul, ..."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Operadores: Add, Mul, …."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "A Simple GUI Library"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Una Biblioteca GUI sencilla"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Points and Polygons"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Puntos y Polígonos"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Catching Stack Unwinding"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Catching Stack Unwinding"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Structured Error Handling"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Manejo de Errores Estructurado"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Propagating Errors with ?"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Propagación de Errores con ?"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Converting Error Types"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Conversión de Tipos de Errores"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Deriving Error Enums"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Derivación de Enums de Error"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Adding Context to Errors"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Añadir Contexto a los Errores"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "no_std"
|
|
#~ msgstr "no_std"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "alloc"
|
|
#~ msgstr "alloc"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "embedded-hal"
|
|
#~ msgstr "embedded-hal"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "probe-rs, cargo-embed"
|
|
#~ msgstr "probe-rs, cargo-embed"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "zerocopy"
|
|
#~ msgstr "zerocopy"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "buddy_system_allocator"
|
|
#~ msgstr "buddy_system_allocator"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "tinyvec"
|
|
#~ msgstr "tinyvec"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "spin"
|
|
#~ msgstr "girar"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Send and Sync"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Send y Sync"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Send"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Send"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Sync"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Sync"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Arc"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Arc"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Mutex"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Mutex"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "async/await"
|
|
#~ msgstr "async / await"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Pin"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Fijar"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Day 1 Morning"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Día 1: mañana"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Day 1 Afternoon"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Día 1: tarde"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Day 2 Morning"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Día 2: mañana"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Day 2 Afternoon"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Día 2: tarde"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Day 3 Morning"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Día 3: mañana"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Day 3 Afternoon"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Día 3: tarde"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Bare Metal Rust Morning"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Rust Bare Metal: mañana"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Concurrency Morning"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Concurrencia: mañana"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Concurrency Afternoon"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Concurrencia: tarde"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Day 1: Basic Rust, syntax, control flow, creating and consuming values."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Día 1: Rust Básico, sintaxis, control de flujo, creación y consumo de "
|
|
#~ "valores."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Day 2: Memory management, ownership, compound data types, and the "
|
|
#~ "standard library."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Día 2: Gestión de memoria, _ownership_ (propiedad), tipos de datos "
|
|
#~ "compuestos y la biblioteca estándar."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Day 3: Generics, traits, error handling, testing, and unsafe Rust."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Día 3: Genéricos, _traits_, gestión de errores, pruebas y _unsafe_ "
|
|
#~ "(inseguro) Rust."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```shell\n"
|
|
#~ "cargo init concurrency\n"
|
|
#~ "cd concurrency\n"
|
|
#~ "cargo add tokio --features full\n"
|
|
#~ "cargo run\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```shell\n"
|
|
#~ "cargo init concurrency\n"
|
|
#~ "cd concurrency\n"
|
|
#~ "cargo add tokio --features full\n"
|
|
#~ "cargo run\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```shell\n"
|
|
#~ "sudo apt install cargo rust-src rustfmt\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```shell\n"
|
|
#~ "sudo apt install cargo rust-src rustfmt\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#, fuzzy
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "We suggest using [VS Code](https://code.visualstudio.com/) to edit the "
|
|
#~ "code (but any LSP compatible editor works with rust-analyzer[3](https://"
|
|
#~ "rust-analyzer.github.io/))."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Recomendamos usar [VS Code](https://code.visualstudio.com/) para editar "
|
|
#~ "el código (aunque cualquier editor compatible con LSP funciona con [rust-"
|
|
#~ "analyzer](https://rust-analyzer.github.io/))."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Some folks also like to use the [JetBrains](https://www.jetbrains.com/"
|
|
#~ "clion/) family of IDEs, which do their own analysis but have their own "
|
|
#~ "tradeoffs. If you prefer them, you can install the [Rust Plugin](https://"
|
|
#~ "www.jetbrains.com/rust/). Please take note that as of January 2023 "
|
|
#~ "debugging only works on the CLion version of the JetBrains IDEA suite."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "A algunos compañeros también les gusta usar la familia [JetBrains]"
|
|
#~ "(https://www.jetbrains.com/clion/) de IDEs, que hacen sus propios "
|
|
#~ "análisis, pero también tienen inconvenientes. Si lo prefieres, puedes "
|
|
#~ "instalar el [Rust Plugin](https://www.jetbrains.com/rust/). Ten en cuenta "
|
|
#~ "que, a partir de enero del 2023, la depuración solo funciona en la "
|
|
#~ "versión CLion del paquete de JetBrains IDEA."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```rust,editable\n"
|
|
#~ "fn main() {\n"
|
|
#~ " println!(\"Edit me!\");\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```rust,editable\n"
|
|
#~ "fn main() {\n"
|
|
#~ " println!(\"Edit me!\");\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```shell\n"
|
|
#~ "% rustc --version\n"
|
|
#~ "rustc 1.69.0 (84c898d65 2023-04-16)\n"
|
|
#~ "% cargo --version\n"
|
|
#~ "cargo 1.69.0 (6e9a83356 2023-04-12)\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```shell\n"
|
|
#~ "% rustc --version\n"
|
|
#~ "rustc 1.69.0 (84c898d65 2023-04-16)\n"
|
|
#~ "% cargo --version\n"
|
|
#~ "cargo 1.69.0 (6e9a83356 2023-04-12)\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```shell\n"
|
|
#~ "$ cargo new exercise\n"
|
|
#~ " Created binary (application) `exercise` package\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```shell\n"
|
|
#~ "$ cargo new exercise\n"
|
|
#~ " Created binary (application) `exercise` package\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```shell\n"
|
|
#~ "$ cd exercise\n"
|
|
#~ "$ cargo run\n"
|
|
#~ " Compiling exercise v0.1.0 (/home/mgeisler/tmp/exercise)\n"
|
|
#~ " Finished dev [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.75s\n"
|
|
#~ " Running `target/debug/exercise`\n"
|
|
#~ "Hello, world!\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```shell\n"
|
|
#~ "$ cd exercise\n"
|
|
#~ "$ cargo run\n"
|
|
#~ " Compiling exercise v0.1.0 (/home/mgeisler/tmp/exercise)\n"
|
|
#~ " Finished dev [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.75s\n"
|
|
#~ " Running `target/debug/exercise`\n"
|
|
#~ "Hola Mundo!\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```rust\n"
|
|
#~ "fn main() {\n"
|
|
#~ " println!(\"Edit me!\");\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```rust\n"
|
|
#~ "fn main() {\n"
|
|
#~ " println!(\"Edit me!\");\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```shell\n"
|
|
#~ "$ cargo run\n"
|
|
#~ " Compiling exercise v0.1.0 (/home/mgeisler/tmp/exercise)\n"
|
|
#~ " Finished dev [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.24s\n"
|
|
#~ " Running `target/debug/exercise`\n"
|
|
#~ "Edit me!\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```shell\n"
|
|
#~ "$ cargo run\n"
|
|
#~ " Compiling exercise v0.1.0 (/home/mgeisler/tmp/exercise)\n"
|
|
#~ " Finished dev [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.24s\n"
|
|
#~ " Running `target/debug/ejercicio`\n"
|
|
#~ "Modifícame!\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Control flow constructs: `if`, `if let`, `while`, `while let`, `break`, "
|
|
#~ "and `continue`."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Control de flujo: `if`, `if let`, `while`, `while let`, `break`, y "
|
|
#~ "`continue`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "The idea for the first day is to show _just enough_ of Rust to be able to "
|
|
#~ "speak about the famous borrow checker. The way Rust handles memory is a "
|
|
#~ "major feature and we should show students this right away."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "La idea del primer día es mostrar _lo suficiente_ de Rustcomo para poder "
|
|
#~ "hablar del famoso _borrow checker_. La forma en que Rust gestiona la "
|
|
#~ "memoria es una característica importante y debemos mostrarla a los "
|
|
#~ "estudiantes desde el principio."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "If you're teaching this in a classroom, this is a good place to go over "
|
|
#~ "the schedule. We suggest splitting the day into two parts (following the "
|
|
#~ "slides):"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Si estás impartiendo el curso en un aula, este es un buen lugar para "
|
|
#~ "repasar el calendario. Te recomendamos que dividas el día en dos partes "
|
|
#~ "(siguiendo las diapositivas):"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Morning: 9:00 to 12:00,"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Mañana: 9:00 to 12:00,"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Afternoon: 13:00 to 16:00."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Tarde: de 13:00 a 16:00."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "You can of course adjust this as necessary. Please make sure to include "
|
|
#~ "breaks, we recommend a break every hour!"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Por supuesto, puedes ajustar las horas según lo necesites. No olvides "
|
|
#~ "incluir pausas, recomendamos hacer un descanso cada hora."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```rust,editable\n"
|
|
#~ "fn main() {\n"
|
|
#~ " println!(\"Hello 🌍!\");\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```rust,editable\n"
|
|
#~ "fn main() {\n"
|
|
#~ " println!(\"Hola 🌍!\");\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Here is a small example program in Rust:"
|
|
#~ msgstr "A continuación, se muestra un pequeño programa de ejemplo de Rust:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```rust,editable\n"
|
|
#~ "fn main() { // Program entry point\n"
|
|
#~ " let mut x: i32 = 6; // Mutable variable binding\n"
|
|
#~ " print!(\"{x}\"); // Macro for printing, like printf\n"
|
|
#~ " while x != 1 { // No parenthesis around expression\n"
|
|
#~ " if x % 2 == 0 { // Math like in other languages\n"
|
|
#~ " x = x / 2;\n"
|
|
#~ " } else {\n"
|
|
#~ " x = 3 * x + 1;\n"
|
|
#~ " }\n"
|
|
#~ " print!(\" -> {x}\");\n"
|
|
#~ " }\n"
|
|
#~ " println!();\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```rust,editable\n"
|
|
#~ "fn main() { // Punto de entrada del programa\n"
|
|
#~ " let mut x: i32 = 6; // Variable mutable vinculante\n"
|
|
#~ " print!(\"{x}\"); // Macro para printing, como printf\n"
|
|
#~ " while x != 1 { // Sin paréntesis alrededor de las expresiones\n"
|
|
#~ " if x % 2 == 0 { // Operaciones matemáticas como en otros "
|
|
#~ "lenguajes\n"
|
|
#~ " x = x / 2;\n"
|
|
#~ " } else {\n"
|
|
#~ " x = 3 * x + 1;\n"
|
|
#~ " }\n"
|
|
#~ " print!(\" -> {x}\");\n"
|
|
#~ " }\n"
|
|
#~ " println!();\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "The code implements the Collatz conjecture: it is believed that the loop "
|
|
#~ "will always end, but this is not yet proved. Edit the code and play with "
|
|
#~ "different inputs."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "El código implementa la conjetura de Collatz: se cree que el bucle "
|
|
#~ "terminará siempre, pero aún no se ha demostrado. Edita el código y prueba "
|
|
#~ "con diferentes entradas."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Explain that all variables are statically typed. Try removing `i32` to "
|
|
#~ "trigger type inference. Try with `i8` instead and trigger a runtime "
|
|
#~ "integer overflow."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Explica que todas las variables están tipadas estáticamente. Prueba a "
|
|
#~ "quitar `i32` para activar la inferencia de tipos. Prueba con `i8` y "
|
|
#~ "provoca un desbordamiento de enteros en _runtime_."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Change `let mut x` to `let x`, discuss the compiler error."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Cambia `let mut x` por `let x` y discute el error del compilador."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Show how `print!` gives a compilation error if the arguments don't match "
|
|
#~ "the format string."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Muestra cómo `print!` da un error de compilación si los argumentos no "
|
|
#~ "coinciden con la cadena de formato."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Show how you need to use `{}` as a placeholder if you want to print an "
|
|
#~ "expression which is more complex than just a single variable."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Muestra cómo se debe usar `{}` como marcador de posición para poder "
|
|
#~ "imprimir una expresión más compleja que una sola variable."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Show the students the standard library, show them how to search for `std::"
|
|
#~ "fmt` which has the rules of the formatting mini-language. It's important "
|
|
#~ "that the students become familiar with searching in the standard library."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Muestra a los alumnos la biblioteca estándar y cómo buscar `std::fmt`, "
|
|
#~ "que tiene las reglas del mini-lenguaje de formato. Es importante que los "
|
|
#~ "alumnos se familiaricen con la búsqueda en la biblioteca estándar."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "In a shell `rustup doc std::fmt` will open a browser on the local std::"
|
|
#~ "fmt documentation"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "En un shell, `rustup doc std::fmt` abrirá un navegador en la "
|
|
#~ "documentación local de std::fmt."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Compile time memory safety."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Seguridad de la memoria en tiempo de compilación."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Lack of undefined runtime behavior."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Ausencia de comportamientos indefinidos en _runtime_."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Modern language features."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Características de lenguajes modernos."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Static memory management at compile time:"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Gestión estática de la memoria en tiempo de compilación:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "No memory leaks (_mostly_, see notes)."
|
|
#~ msgstr "No hay pérdidas de memoria (_casi siempre_, consulta las notas)."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "It is possible to produce memory leaks in (safe) Rust. Some examples are:"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Es posible producir pérdidas de memoria en (_safe_) Rust. Estos son "
|
|
#~ "algunos ejemplos:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "You can use [`Box::leak`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/boxed/struct.Box."
|
|
#~ "html#method.leak) to leak a pointer. A use of this could be to get "
|
|
#~ "runtime-initialized and runtime-sized static variables"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Puedes usar [`Box::leak`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/boxed/struct.Box."
|
|
#~ "html#method.leak) para perder un puntero. Esto podría usarse para obtener "
|
|
#~ "variables estáticas iniciadas y medidas en _runtime_."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "You can use [`std::mem::forget`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/mem/fn."
|
|
#~ "forget.html) to make the compiler \"forget\" about a value (meaning the "
|
|
#~ "destructor is never run)."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Puedes usar [`std::mem::forget`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/mem/fn."
|
|
#~ "forget.html) para que el compilador \"olvide\" un valor (lo que significa "
|
|
#~ "que el destructor nunca se ejecuta)."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "You can also accidentally create a [reference cycle](https://doc.rust-"
|
|
#~ "lang.org/book/ch15-06-reference-cycles.html) with `Rc` or `Arc`."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "También puedes crear por accidente una [referencia circular](https://doc."
|
|
#~ "rust-lang.org/book/ch15-06-reference-cycles.html) con `Rc` o `Arc`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "In fact, some will consider infinitely populating a collection a memory "
|
|
#~ "leak and Rust does not protect from those."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "De hecho, algunos consideran que poblar de forma infinita una colección "
|
|
#~ "es una fuga de memoria y Rust no protege de ellas."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "For the purpose of this course, \"No memory leaks\" should be understood "
|
|
#~ "as \"Pretty much no _accidental_ memory leaks\"."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "En este curso, \"sin pérdidas de memoria\" debe entenderse como\n"
|
|
#~ " \"casi ninguna pérdida de memoria _accidental_\"."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Integer overflow is defined via the [`overflow-checks`](https://doc.rust-"
|
|
#~ "lang.org/rustc/codegen-options/index.html#overflow-checks) compile-time "
|
|
#~ "flag. If enabled, the program will panic (a controlled crash of the "
|
|
#~ "program), otherwise you get wrap-around semantics. By default, you get "
|
|
#~ "panics in debug mode (`cargo build`) and wrap-around in release mode "
|
|
#~ "(`cargo build --release`)."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "El overflow en Integer es definido vía un _flag_ en tiempo de "
|
|
#~ "compilación. Las opciones son alertas panic (un crash controlado del "
|
|
#~ "programa) o una semántica de _wrap-around_. Por defecto, obtienes el "
|
|
#~ "alerta en modo depuración (`cargo build`) y _wrap-around_ en el modo "
|
|
#~ "release (`cargo build —"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Bounds checking cannot be disabled with a compiler flag. It can also not "
|
|
#~ "be disabled directly with the `unsafe` keyword. However, `unsafe` allows "
|
|
#~ "you to call functions such as `slice::get_unchecked` which does not do "
|
|
#~ "bounds checking."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "La comprobación de límites no se puede deshabilitar con una bandera de "
|
|
#~ "compilador. Tampoco se puede inhabilitar directamente con la palabra "
|
|
#~ "clave `unsafe`. Sin embargo, `unsafe` te permite llamar a funciones como "
|
|
#~ "`slice::get_unchecked`, que no realiza comprobaciones de límites."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Rust is built with all the experience gained in the last decades."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Rust se ha creado a partir de toda la experiencia obtenida en las últimas "
|
|
#~ "décadas."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Language Features"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Características del Lenguaje"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Tooling"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Herramientas"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Zero-cost abstractions, similar to C++, means that you don't have to "
|
|
#~ "'pay' for higher-level programming constructs with memory or CPU. For "
|
|
#~ "example, writing a loop using `for` should result in roughly the same low "
|
|
#~ "level instructions as using the `.iter().fold()` construct."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Las abstracciones sin coste, similares a las de C++, significan que no "
|
|
#~ "tienes que 'pagar' por construcciones de programación de alto nivel con "
|
|
#~ "memoria o CPU. Por ejemplo, escribir un bucle utilizando `for` debería "
|
|
#~ "dar como resultado prácticamente las mismas instrucciones de bajo nivel "
|
|
#~ "que con la construcción `.iter().fold()`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "It may be worth mentioning that Rust enums are 'Algebraic Data Types', "
|
|
#~ "also known as 'sum types', which allow the type system to express things "
|
|
#~ "like `Option<T>` and `Result<T, E>`."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Merece la pena mencionar que los enums de Rust son tipos de datos "
|
|
#~ "algebraicos, también denominados 'tipos suma', que permiten al sistema de "
|
|
#~ "tipos expresar cosas como `Option<T>` y `Result<T, E>`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Remind people to read the errors --- many developers have gotten used to "
|
|
#~ "ignore lengthy compiler output. The Rust compiler is significantly more "
|
|
#~ "talkative than other compilers. It will often provide you with "
|
|
#~ "_actionable_ feedback, ready to copy-paste into your code."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Recuerda a los alumnos que lean los errores, ya que muchos "
|
|
#~ "desarrolladores se han acostumbrado a ignorar los largos resultados del "
|
|
#~ "compilador. El compilador de Rust es mucho más comunicativo que otros. A "
|
|
#~ "menudo, te proporcionará sugerencias _prácticas_, que puedes copiar y "
|
|
#~ "pegar en tu código."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "The Rust standard library is small compared to languages like Java, "
|
|
#~ "Python, and Go. Rust does not come with several things you might consider "
|
|
#~ "standard and essential:"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "La biblioteca estándar de Rust es pequeña en comparación con la de "
|
|
#~ "lenguajes como Java, Python o Go. Rust no incluye elementos que se "
|
|
#~ "podrían considerar estándar o esenciales:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "a random number generator, but see [rand](https://docs.rs/rand/)."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "un generador de números aleatorios, pero consulta [rand](https://docs.rs/"
|
|
#~ "rand/)."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "support for SSL or TLS, but see [rusttls](https://docs.rs/rustls/)."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "compatibilidad con SSL o TLS, pero consulta [rusttls](https://docs.rs/"
|
|
#~ "rustls/)."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "support for JSON, but see [serde_json](https://docs.rs/serde_json/)."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Compatibilidad con JSON, pero consulta [serde_json](https://docs.rs/"
|
|
#~ "serde_json/)."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "The reasoning behind this is that functionality in the standard library "
|
|
#~ "cannot go away, so it has to be very stable. For the examples above, the "
|
|
#~ "Rust community is still working on finding the best solution --- and "
|
|
#~ "perhaps there isn't a single \"best solution\" for some of these things."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "La razón es que la funcionalidad de la biblioteca estándar no puede "
|
|
#~ "desaparecer, por lo que tiene que ser muy estable. En los ejemplos "
|
|
#~ "anteriores, la comunidad de Rust todavía está trabajando para encontrar "
|
|
#~ "la mejor solución, y puede que no exista una única \"mejor solución\" "
|
|
#~ "para algunas de estas cuestiones."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Rust comes with a built-in package manager in the form of Cargo and this "
|
|
#~ "makes it trivial to download and compile third-party crates. A "
|
|
#~ "consequence of this is that the standard library can be smaller."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Rust incluye un gestor de paquetes integrado con la forma de Cargo, lo "
|
|
#~ "que hace que resulte sencillo descargar y compilar crates de terceros. "
|
|
#~ "Como consecuencia, la biblioteca estándar puede ser más pequeña."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Discovering good third-party crates can be a problem. Sites like <https://"
|
|
#~ "lib.rs/> help with this by letting you compare health metrics for crates "
|
|
#~ "to find a good and trusted one."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Encontrar buenos crates de terceros puede ser un problema. Sitios como "
|
|
#~ "<https://lib.rs/> te ayudan a comparar métricas de salud de crates para "
|
|
#~ "encontrar uno bueno y fiable."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "[rust-analyzer](https://rust-analyzer.github.io/) is a well supported LSP "
|
|
#~ "implementation used in major IDEs and text editors."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "[rust-analyzer](https://rust-analyzer.github.io/) es una implementación "
|
|
#~ "de LSP bien respaldada y utilizada en los principales IDE y editores de "
|
|
#~ "texto."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Like C++, Rust has references:"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Al igual que C++, Rust tiene referencias:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "We must dereference `ref_x` when assigning to it, similar to C and C++ "
|
|
#~ "pointers."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Debemos desreferenciar `ref_x` al asignarle un valor, de forma similar a "
|
|
#~ "los punteros de C y C++."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "References that are declared as `mut` can be bound to different values "
|
|
#~ "over their lifetime."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Las referencias que se declaran como `mut` se pueden vincular a distintos "
|
|
#~ "valores durante su tiempo de vida."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "A reference is said to \"borrow\" the value it refers to."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Se dice que una referencia \"toma prestado\" el valor al que hace "
|
|
#~ "referencia."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Rust is tracking the lifetimes of all references to ensure they live long "
|
|
#~ "enough."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Rust hace un seguimiento del tiempo de vida de todas las referencias para "
|
|
#~ "asegurarse de que duran lo suficiente."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "`String` vs `str`"
|
|
#~ msgstr "`String` o `str`"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "We can now understand the two string types in Rust:"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Ahora podemos entender los dos tipos de cadenas de Rust:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "You can borrow `&str` slices from `String` via `&` and optionally range "
|
|
#~ "selection."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Puedes tomar prestados slices `&str` desde `String` mediante `&` y, si "
|
|
#~ "quieres, puedes seleccionar rangos."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "A Rust version of the famous [FizzBuzz](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/"
|
|
#~ "Fizz_buzz) interview question:"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Una versión de Rust de la famosa pregunta de la entrevista de [FizzBuzz]"
|
|
#~ "(https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fizz_buzz):"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "We refer in `main` to a function written below. Neither forward "
|
|
#~ "declarations nor headers are necessary. "
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "En `main` hacemos referencia a una función escrita más abajo. No se "
|
|
#~ "necesitan declaraciones de redirección ni encabezados. "
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "The range expression in the `for` loop in `print_fizzbuzz_to()` contains "
|
|
#~ "`=n`, which causes it to include the upper bound."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "La expresión de rango del bucle `for` en `print_fizzbuzz_to()` contiene "
|
|
#~ "`=n`, lo que hace que incluya el límite superior."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "All language items in Rust can be documented using special `///` syntax."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Todos los elementos del lenguaje de Rust se pueden documentar con la "
|
|
#~ "sintaxis especial `///`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "This course does not include rustdoc on slides, just to save space, but "
|
|
#~ "in real code they should be present."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Este curso no incluye diapositivas sobre rustdoc para ahorrar espacio, "
|
|
#~ "pero deben aparecer en el código real."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Inner doc comments are discussed later (in the page on modules) and need "
|
|
#~ "not be addressed here."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Los comentarios internos de los documentos se tratarán más adelante (en "
|
|
#~ "la página de módulos), no es necesario tratarlos aquí."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Rustdoc comments can contain code snippets that we can run and test using "
|
|
#~ "`cargo test`. We will discuss these tests in the [Testing section](../"
|
|
#~ "testing/doc-tests.html)."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Los comentarios de rustdoc pueden contener fragmentos de código que "
|
|
#~ "podemos ejecutar y probar utilizando `cargo test`. Hablaremos de esto en "
|
|
#~ "la [sección de pruebas](../testing/doc-tests.html)."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Methods are functions associated with a type. The `self` argument of a "
|
|
#~ "method is an instance of the type it is associated with:"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Los métodos son funciones asociadas a un tipo. El argumento `self` de un "
|
|
#~ "método es una instancia del tipo al que está asociada:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "We will look much more at methods in today's exercise and in tomorrow's "
|
|
#~ "class."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Abordaremos en mayor profundidad los métodos en el ejercicio de hoy y en "
|
|
#~ "la clase de mañana."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Add a static method called `Rectangle::new` and call this from `main`:"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Añade un método estático denominado `Rectangle::new` y llámalo desde "
|
|
#~ "`main`:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n"
|
|
#~ "fn new(width: u32, height: u32) -> Rectangle {\n"
|
|
#~ " Rectangle { width, height }\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n"
|
|
#~ "fn new(width: u32, height: u32) -> Rectangle {\n"
|
|
#~ " Rectangle { width, height }\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "While _technically_, Rust does not have custom constructors, static "
|
|
#~ "methods are commonly used to initialize structs (but don't have to). The "
|
|
#~ "actual constructor, `Rectangle { width, height }`, could be called "
|
|
#~ "directly. See the [Rustnomicon](https://doc.rust-lang.org/nomicon/"
|
|
#~ "constructors.html)."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Aunque _técnicamente_ Rust no tiene constructores personalizados, los "
|
|
#~ "métodos estáticos se utilizan habitualmente para inicializar estructuras, "
|
|
#~ "pero no es obligatorio. El constructor real, `Rectangle { width, height }"
|
|
#~ "`, podría llamarse directamente. Consulta el [Rustnomicon](https://doc."
|
|
#~ "rust-lang.org/nomicon/constructors.html)."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Add a `Rectangle::square(width: u32)` constructor to illustrate that such "
|
|
#~ "static methods can take arbitrary parameters."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Añade un constructor `Rectangle::square(width: u32)` para mostrar que "
|
|
#~ "esos métodos estáticos puede utilizar parámetros arbitrarios."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Function Overloading"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Sobrecarga de funciones"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Overloading is not supported:"
|
|
#~ msgstr "No se admite la sobrecarga:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Always takes a fixed number of parameters."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Siempre se utiliza un número fijo de parámetros."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Default values are not supported:"
|
|
#~ msgstr "No se admiten valores predeterminados:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "All call sites have the same number of arguments."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Todos los sitios de llamada tienen el mismo número de argumentos."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Macros are sometimes used as an alternative."
|
|
#~ msgstr "A veces, se utilizan macros como alternativa."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "However, function parameters can be generic:"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Sin embargo, los parámetros de función pueden ser genéricos:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "When using generics, the standard library's `Into<T>` can provide a kind "
|
|
#~ "of limited polymorphism on argument types. We will see more details in a "
|
|
#~ "later section."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Cuando se utilizan genéricos, el `Into<T>` de la biblioteca estándar "
|
|
#~ "puede proporcionar una especie de polimorfismo limitado en los tipos de "
|
|
#~ "argumentos. Veremos más información al respecto en una sección posterior."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Day 1: Morning Exercises"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Día 1: ejercicios de la mañana"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "In these exercises, we will explore two parts of Rust:"
|
|
#~ msgstr "En estos ejercicios, estudiaremos dos partes de Rust:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Implicit conversions between types."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Conversiones implícitas entre tipos."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Arrays and `for` loops."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Arrays y bucles `for`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "A few things to consider while solving the exercises:"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Ten en cuenta lo siguiente a la hora de resolver los ejercicios:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Use a local Rust installation, if possible. This way you can get auto-"
|
|
#~ "completion in your editor. See the page about [Using Cargo](../../cargo."
|
|
#~ "md) for details on installing Rust."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Si es posible, utiliza una instalación local de Rust. De esta forma, "
|
|
#~ "podrás autocompletar datos en tu editor. Consulta la página sobre \\[cómo "
|
|
#~ "usar Cargo\\] para obtener más información sobre cómo instalar Rust."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Alternatively, use the Rust Playground."
|
|
#~ msgstr "También puedes usar el playground de Rust."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "The code snippets are not editable on purpose: the inline code snippets "
|
|
#~ "lose their state if you navigate away from the page."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Los fragmentos de código no son editables a propósito: los que están "
|
|
#~ "insertados pierden su estado si se sale de la página."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Rust will not automatically apply _implicit conversions_ between types "
|
|
#~ "([unlike C++](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/"
|
|
#~ "implicit_conversion)). You can see this in a program like this:"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Rust no aplicará automáticamente _conversiones implícitas_ entre tipos "
|
|
#~ "([a diferencia de C++](https://en.cppreference.com/w/cpp/language/"
|
|
#~ "implicit_conversion)). Puedes ver un ejemplo de esto en el siguiente "
|
|
#~ "programa:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "The Rust integer types all implement the [`From<T>`](https://doc.rust-"
|
|
#~ "lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html) and [`Into<T>`](https://doc.rust-"
|
|
#~ "lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) traits to let us convert between "
|
|
#~ "them. The `From<T>` trait has a single `from()` method and similarly, the "
|
|
#~ "`Into<T>` trait has a single `into()` method. Implementing these traits "
|
|
#~ "is how a type expresses that it can be converted into another type."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Todos los tipos de enteros de Rust implementan los traits [`From<T>`]"
|
|
#~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html) y [`Into<T>`]"
|
|
#~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) para permitirnos "
|
|
#~ "realizar conversiones entre ellos. El trait `From<T>` tiene un único "
|
|
#~ "método `from()` y, del mismo modo, el trait `Into<T>` tiene un único "
|
|
#~ "método `into()`. Un tipo expresa que se puede convertir en otro tipo "
|
|
#~ "implementando estos traits."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "The standard library has an implementation of `From<i8> for i16`, which "
|
|
#~ "means that we can convert a variable `x` of type `i8` to an `i16` by "
|
|
#~ "calling `i16::from(x)`. Or, simpler, with `x.into()`, because `From<i8> "
|
|
#~ "for i16` implementation automatically create an implementation of "
|
|
#~ "`Into<i16> for i8`."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "La biblioteca estándar implementa `From<i8> for i16`, lo que significa "
|
|
#~ "que podemos convertir una variable `x` del tipo `i8` a `i16` llamando a "
|
|
#~ "`i16::from(x)`. O, más sencillo, con `x.into()`, ya que la implementación "
|
|
#~ "de `From<i8> for i16` crea automáticamente una implementación de "
|
|
#~ "`Into<i16> for i8`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "The same applies for your own `From` implementations for your own types, "
|
|
#~ "so it is sufficient to only implement `From` to get a respective `Into` "
|
|
#~ "implementation automatically."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Lo mismo se aplica a tus implementaciones `From` para tus propios tipos, "
|
|
#~ "por lo que basta con implementar `From` para obtener la respectiva "
|
|
#~ "implementación `Into` de forma automática."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Execute the above program and look at the compiler error."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Ejecuta el programa anterior y observa el error del compilador."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Update the code above to use `into()` to do the conversion."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Actualiza el código anterior para usar `into()` y realizar la conversión."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Change the types of `x` and `y` to other things (such as `f32`, `bool`, "
|
|
#~ "`i128`) to see which types you can convert to which other types. Try "
|
|
#~ "converting small types to big types and the other way around. Check the "
|
|
#~ "[standard library documentation](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/"
|
|
#~ "trait.From.html) to see if `From<T>` is implemented for the pairs you "
|
|
#~ "check."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Cambia los tipos de `x` e `y` a otros elementos (por ejemplo, `f32`, "
|
|
#~ "`bool`, `i128`) para ver qué tipos puedes convertir. Prueba a convertir "
|
|
#~ "tipos pequeños en tipos grandes y viceversa. Consulta la [documentación "
|
|
#~ "de la biblioteca estándar](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait."
|
|
#~ "From.html) para comprobar si se ha implementado `From<T>` en los pares "
|
|
#~ "que elijas."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Arrays and `for` Loops"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Arrays y bucles`for`"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "We saw that an array can be declared like this:"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Hemos visto que un array se puede declarar de la siguiente manera:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "You can print such an array by asking for its debug representation with "
|
|
#~ "`{:?}`:"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Puedes imprimir dicho array solicitando su representación de depuración "
|
|
#~ "con `{:?}`:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Rust lets you iterate over things like arrays and ranges using the `for` "
|
|
#~ "keyword:"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Rust te permite iterar sobre elementos como arrays y rangos usando la "
|
|
#~ "palabra clave `for`:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Bonus Question"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Pregunta Extra"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Could you use `&[i32]` slices instead of hard-coded 3 × 3 matrices for "
|
|
#~ "your argument and return types? Something like `&[&[i32]]` for a two-"
|
|
#~ "dimensional slice-of-slices. Why or why not?"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "¿Se podrían usar slices `&[i32]` en lugar de matrices de 3 × 3 "
|
|
#~ "predefinidas en el código para tus argumentos y tipos de resultados "
|
|
#~ "devueltos? Por ejemplo, `&[&[i32]]` para un slice de slices de dos "
|
|
#~ "dimensiones. ¿Por qué? ¿Por qué no?"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "See the [`ndarray` crate](https://docs.rs/ndarray/) for a production "
|
|
#~ "quality implementation."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Consulta el [crate `ndarray`](https://docs.rs/ndarray/) para obtener una "
|
|
#~ "implementación con calidad de producción."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "The solution and the answer to the bonus section are available in the "
|
|
#~ "[Solution](solutions-morning.md#arrays-and-for-loops) section."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "La solución y la respuesta a la pregunta extra están disponibles en la "
|
|
#~ "sección [soluciones](solutions-morning.md#arrays-and-for-loops)."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "The use of the reference `&array` within `for n in &array` is a subtle "
|
|
#~ "preview of issues of ownership that will come later in the afternoon."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "El uso de la referencia `&array` dentro de `for n in &array` es una vista "
|
|
#~ "previa sutil de los problemas de propiedad que se tratarán más tarde por "
|
|
#~ "la tarde."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Without the `&`..."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Sin el `&`..."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "The loop would have been one that consumes the array. This is a change "
|
|
#~ "[introduced in the 2021 Edition](https://doc.rust-lang.org/edition-guide/"
|
|
#~ "rust-2021/IntoIterator-for-arrays.html)."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "El bucle habría sido uno que consume el array. Este es un cambio "
|
|
#~ "[introducido en la edición de 2021](https://doc.rust-lang.org/edition-"
|
|
#~ "guide/rust-2021/IntoIterator-for-arrays.html)."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "An implicit array copy would have occurred. Since `i32` is a copy type, "
|
|
#~ "then `[i32; 3]` is also a copy type."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Se habría producido una copia implícita del array. Dado que `i32` es un "
|
|
#~ "tipo de copia, `[i32; 3]` también es un tipo de copia."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "As we have seen, `if` is an expression in Rust. It is used to "
|
|
#~ "conditionally evaluate one of two blocks, but the blocks can have a value "
|
|
#~ "which then becomes the value of the `if` expression. Other control flow "
|
|
#~ "expressions work similarly in Rust."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Como hemos visto, `if` es una expresión de Rust. Se utiliza para realizar "
|
|
#~ "una evaluación condicional de uno de los dos bloques, aunque estos pueden "
|
|
#~ "tener un valor que acaba convirtiéndose en el valor de la expresión `if`. "
|
|
#~ "Otras expresiones del flujo de control funcionan de forma similar en Rust."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "The same rule is used for functions: the value of the function body is "
|
|
#~ "the return value:"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Se utiliza la misma regla para las funciones: el valor del cuerpo de la "
|
|
#~ "función es el valor devuelto:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "The point of this slide is to show that blocks have a type and value in "
|
|
#~ "Rust. "
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "El objetivo de esta diapositiva es mostrar que los bloques tienen un tipo "
|
|
#~ "y un valor en Rust. "
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "The [`for` loop](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/keyword.for.html) is "
|
|
#~ "closely related to the [`while let` loop](while-let-expressions.md). It "
|
|
#~ "will automatically call `into_iter()` on the expression and then iterate "
|
|
#~ "over it:"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "El [bucle `for`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/keyword.for.html) está "
|
|
#~ "estrechamente relacionado con el [bucle `while let`](while-let-"
|
|
#~ "expressions.md). Llamará automáticamente a `into_iter()` en la expresión "
|
|
#~ "y después iterará sobre ella:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "You can use `break` and `continue` here as usual."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Aquí puedes usar `break` y `continue` como de costumbre."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Index iteration is not a special syntax in Rust for just that case."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "La iteración de índices no es una sintaxis especial en Rust para ese caso."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "`(0..10)` is a range that implements an `Iterator` trait. "
|
|
#~ msgstr "`(0..10)` es un rango que implementa un `Iterator` trait."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "`step_by` is a method that returns another `Iterator` that skips every "
|
|
#~ "other element. "
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "`step_by` es un método que devuelve otro `Iterator` que salta cada otro "
|
|
#~ "elemento."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Modify the elements in the vector and explain the compiler errors. Change "
|
|
#~ "vector `v` to be mutable and the for loop to `for x in v.iter_mut()`."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Modifica los elementos del vector y explica los errores del compilador. "
|
|
#~ "Cambia el vector `v` para que sea mutable y el bucle `for x in v."
|
|
#~ "iter_mut()`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "`loop` expressions"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Expresiones `loop`"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Finally, there is a [`loop` keyword](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/"
|
|
#~ "expressions/loop-expr.html#infinite-loops) which creates an endless loop."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Por último, la [palabra clave `loop`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/"
|
|
#~ "expressions/loop-expr.html#infinite-loops) crea un bucle infinito."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Here you must either `break` or `return` to stop the loop:"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Para detener el bucle, debes usar `break` o `return`:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Break the `loop` with a value (e.g. `break 8`) and print it out."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Interrumpe `loop` con un valor (por ejemplo, `break 8`) e imprímelo."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Due to type inference the `i32` is optional. We will gradually show the "
|
|
#~ "types less and less as the course progresses."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Debido a la inferencia de tipos, `i32` es opcional. A medida que avance "
|
|
#~ "el curso, iremos mostrando cada vez menos los tipos."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "The following code tells the compiler to copy into a certain generic "
|
|
#~ "container without the code ever explicitly specifying the contained type, "
|
|
#~ "using `_` as a placeholder:"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "El siguiente fragmento de código le indica al compilador que copie en un "
|
|
#~ "determinado contenedor genérico sin que el código especifique "
|
|
#~ "explícitamente el tipo contenido utilizando `_` como marcador de posición:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "[`collect`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/iter/trait.Iterator."
|
|
#~ "html#method.collect) relies on [`FromIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/"
|
|
#~ "std/iter/trait.FromIterator.html), which [`HashSet`](https://doc.rust-"
|
|
#~ "lang.org/std/collections/struct.HashSet.html#impl-FromIterator%3CT%3E-for-"
|
|
#~ "HashSet%3CT,+S%3E) implements."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "[`collect`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/iter/trait.Iterator."
|
|
#~ "html#method.collect) se basa en [`FromIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang."
|
|
#~ "org/std/iter/trait.FromIterator.html), que implementa [`HashSet`](https://"
|
|
#~ "doc.rust-lang.org/std/collections/struct.HashSet.html#impl-"
|
|
#~ "FromIterator%3CT%3E-for-HashSet%3CT,+S%3E)."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Static and Constant Variables"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Variables Estáticas y Constantes"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "The following code demonstrates why the compiler can't simply reuse "
|
|
#~ "memory locations when shadowing an immutable variable in a scope, even if "
|
|
#~ "the type does not change."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "El siguiente fragmento de código demuestra por qué el compilador no puede "
|
|
#~ "reutilizar ubicaciones de memoria cuando sombrea una variable inmutable "
|
|
#~ "en un ámbito, incluso si el tipo no cambia."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```rust,editable\n"
|
|
#~ "fn generate_random_number() -> i32 {\n"
|
|
#~ " // Implementation based on https://xkcd.com/221/\n"
|
|
#~ " 4 // Chosen by fair dice roll. Guaranteed to be random.\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n"
|
|
#~ "enum CoinFlip {\n"
|
|
#~ " Heads,\n"
|
|
#~ " Tails,\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "fn flip_coin() -> CoinFlip {\n"
|
|
#~ " let random_number = generate_random_number();\n"
|
|
#~ " if random_number % 2 == 0 {\n"
|
|
#~ " return CoinFlip::Heads;\n"
|
|
#~ " } else {\n"
|
|
#~ " return CoinFlip::Tails;\n"
|
|
#~ " }\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "fn main() {\n"
|
|
#~ " println!(\"You got: {:?}\", flip_coin());\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```rust,editable\n"
|
|
#~ "fn generate_random_number() -> i32 {\n"
|
|
#~ " // Implementation based on https://xkcd.com/221/\n"
|
|
#~ " 4 // Chosen by fair dice roll. Guaranteed to be random.\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n"
|
|
#~ "enum CoinFlip {\n"
|
|
#~ " Heads,\n"
|
|
#~ " Tails,\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "fn flip_coin() -> CoinFlip {\n"
|
|
#~ " let random_number = generate_random_number();\n"
|
|
#~ " if random_number % 2 == 0 {\n"
|
|
#~ " return CoinFlip::Heads;\n"
|
|
#~ " } else {\n"
|
|
#~ " return CoinFlip::Tails;\n"
|
|
#~ " }\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "fn main() {\n"
|
|
#~ " println!(\"You got: {:?}\", flip_coin());\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "This page offers an enum type `CoinFlip` with two variants `Heads` and "
|
|
#~ "`Tails`. You might note the namespace when using variants."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "En esta página se ofrece el tipo de enumeración `CoinFlip` (tirar moneda) "
|
|
#~ "con dos variantes: `Heads` (cara) y `Tails` (cruz). Puede que veas el "
|
|
#~ "espacio de nombres cuando utilices variantes."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "In both, associated functions are defined within an `impl` block."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "En ambos casos, las funciones asociadas se definen en un bloque `impl`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "You can define richer enums where the variants carry data. You can then "
|
|
#~ "use the `match` statement to extract the data from each variant:"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Puedes definir enumeraciones más completas en las que las variantes "
|
|
#~ "contienen datos. Después, puedes usar la instrucción `match` para extraer "
|
|
#~ "los datos de cada variante:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "The expression is matched against the patterns from top to bottom. There "
|
|
#~ "is no fall-through like in C or C++."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "La expresión se coteja con los patrones de arriba abajo. No hay ningún "
|
|
#~ "sistema de respaldo, como en C o C++."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "The match expression has a value. The value is the last expression in the "
|
|
#~ "match arm which was executed."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "La expresión de coincidencia tiene un valor. El valor es la última "
|
|
#~ "expresión en el brazo de coincidencia que se ha ejecutado."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Starting from the top we look for what pattern matches the value then run "
|
|
#~ "the code following the arrow. Once we find a match, we stop. "
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Empezando por la parte superior, buscaremos el patrón que coincide con el "
|
|
#~ "valor y, a continuación, ejecutaremos el fragmento de código que sigue a "
|
|
#~ "la flecha. Cuando encontremos una coincidencia, pararemos. "
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "`match` inspects a hidden discriminant field in the `enum`."
|
|
#~ msgstr "`match` inspecciona un campo discriminante oculto en `enum`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "It is possible to retrieve the discriminant by calling `std::mem::"
|
|
#~ "discriminant()`"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Se puede obtener el discriminante llamando a `std::mem::discriminant()`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "This is useful, for example, if implementing `PartialEq` for structs "
|
|
#~ "where comparing field values doesn't affect equality."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Esto resulta útil si, por ejemplo, se implementa `PartialEq` en "
|
|
#~ "estructuras en las que la comparación de valores de campos no afecta a la "
|
|
#~ "igualdad."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "`WebEvent::Click { ... }` is not exactly the same as `WebEvent::"
|
|
#~ "Click(Click)` with a top level `struct Click { ... }`. The inlined "
|
|
#~ "version cannot implement traits, for example."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "`WebEvent::Click { ... }` no es exactamente lo mismo que `WebEvent::"
|
|
#~ "Click(Click)` con un nivel superior `struct Click { ... }`. La versión "
|
|
#~ "insertada no puede implementar traits, por ejemplo."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Rust enums are packed tightly, taking constraints due to alignment into "
|
|
#~ "account:"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Las enumeraciones de Rust son densamente empaquetadas, ya que tienen en "
|
|
#~ "cuenta las restricciones debidas a la alineación:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Internally Rust is using a field (discriminant) to keep track of the enum "
|
|
#~ "variant."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Rust utiliza un campo (discriminante) de forma interna para hacer un "
|
|
#~ "seguimiento de la variante de enumeración."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Try out other types such as"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Prueba otros tipos, como"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "`dbg_size!(bool)`: size 1 bytes, align: 1 bytes,"
|
|
#~ msgstr "`dbg_size!(bool)`: tamaño de 1 byte, alineación de 1 byte,"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "`dbg_size!(Option<bool>)`: size 1 bytes, align: 1 bytes (niche "
|
|
#~ "optimization, see below),"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "`dbg_size!(Option<bool>)`: tamaño de 1 byte, alineación de 1 byte "
|
|
#~ "(optimización de nichos, consulta más abajo),"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "`dbg_size!(&i32)`: size 8 bytes, align: 8 bytes (on a 64-bit machine),"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "`dbg_size!(&i32)`: tamaño de 8 bytes, alineación de 8 bytes (en una "
|
|
#~ "máquina de 64 bits),"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "`dbg_size!(Option<&i32>)`: size 8 bytes, align: 8 bytes (null pointer "
|
|
#~ "optimization, see below)."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "`dbg_size!(Option<&i32>)`: tamaño de 8 bytes, alineación de 8 bytes "
|
|
#~ "(optimización del puntero nulo, consulta más abajo)."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Niche optimization: Rust will merge unused bit patterns for the enum "
|
|
#~ "discriminant."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Optimización de nichos: Rust combina los patrones de bits no utilizados "
|
|
#~ "para el discriminante de enumeración."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "More complex example if you want to discuss what happens when we chain "
|
|
#~ "more than 256 `Option`s together."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Ejemplo más complejo si quieres hablar de lo que pasa cuando encadenamos "
|
|
#~ "más de 256 `Option`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Since 1.65, a similar [let-else](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-"
|
|
#~ "example/flow_control/let_else.html) construct allows to do a "
|
|
#~ "destructuring assignment, or if it fails, execute a block which is "
|
|
#~ "required to abort normal control flow (with `panic`/`return`/`break`/"
|
|
#~ "`continue`):"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "A partir de la versión 1.65, una construcción [let-else](https://doc.rust-"
|
|
#~ "lang.org/rust-by-example/flow_control/let_else.html) similar permite "
|
|
#~ "realizar una tarea de desestructuración o, si falla, ejecutar un bloque "
|
|
#~ "necesario para anular el flujo de control normal (con `panic`/`return`/"
|
|
#~ "`break`/`continue`)::"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "The [`match` keyword](https://doc.rust-lang.org/reference/expressions/"
|
|
#~ "match-expr.html) is used to match a value against one or more patterns. "
|
|
#~ "In that sense, it works like a series of `if let` expressions:"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "La \\[palabra clave `match`\\][`match` keyword](https://doc.rust-lang.org/"
|
|
#~ "reference/expressions/match-expr.html) se usa para comparar un valor con "
|
|
#~ "uno o varios patrones. En ese sentido, funciona como una serie de "
|
|
#~ "expresiones `if let`:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Save the match expression to a variable and print it out."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Guarda la expresión de coincidencia en una variable e imprímela."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Remove `.as_deref()` and explain the error."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Elimina `.as_deref()` y explica el error."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "`std::env::args().next()` returns an `Option<String>`, but we cannot "
|
|
#~ "match against `String`."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "`std::env::args().next()` devuelve `Option<String>`, pero no podemos "
|
|
#~ "encontrar coincidencias con `String`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "`as_deref()` transforms an `Option<T>` to `Option<&T::Target>`. In our "
|
|
#~ "case, this turns `Option<String>` into `Option<&str>`."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "`as_deref()` transforma `Option<T>` en `Option<&T::Target>`. En nuestro "
|
|
#~ "caso, esto convierte `Option<String>` en `Option<&str>`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "We can now use pattern matching to match against the `&str` inside "
|
|
#~ "`Option`."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Ahora podemos usar la coincidencia de patrones para encontrar "
|
|
#~ "coincidencias con `&str` dentro de `Option`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "The `_` pattern is a wildcard pattern which matches any value."
|
|
#~ msgstr "`_` es un patrón comodín que coincide con cualquier valor."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "It can be useful to show how binding works, by for instance replacing a "
|
|
#~ "wildcard character with a variable, or removing the quotes around `q`."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Puede ser útil para mostrar cómo funciona un enlace, por ejemplo, "
|
|
#~ "cambiando un carácter comodín por una variable o quitando las comillas "
|
|
#~ "alrededor de `q`. "
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "You can demonstrate matching on a reference."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Puedes mostrar la coincidencia con una referencia."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "This might be a good time to bring up the concept of irrefutable "
|
|
#~ "patterns, as the term can show up in error messages."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Este puede ser un buen momento para mencionar el concepto de patrones "
|
|
#~ "irrefutables, ya que el término puede aparecer en mensajes de error."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "You can also destructure `structs`:"
|
|
#~ msgstr "También puedes desestructurar `structs`:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Destructuring of slices of unknown length also works with patterns of "
|
|
#~ "fixed length."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "La desestructuración de slices de longitud desconocida también funciona "
|
|
#~ "con patrones de longitud fija."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "When matching, you can add a _guard_ to a pattern. This is an arbitrary "
|
|
#~ "Boolean expression which will be executed if the pattern matches:"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Al establecer coincidencias, puedes añadir un _guardia_ a un patrón. Se "
|
|
#~ "trata de una expresión booleana arbitraria que se ejecutará si el patrón "
|
|
#~ "coincide:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "You can use the variables defined in the pattern in your if expression."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Puedes usar las variables definidas en el patrón en tu expresión if."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Day 1: Afternoon Exercises"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Día 1: Ejercicios de la Tarde"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "We will look at two things:"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Veremos todas estas cosas:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "The Luhn algorithm,"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Algoritmo de Luhn"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "An exercise on pattern matching."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Un ejercicio sobre coincidencia de patrones."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Copy the code below to <https://play.rust-lang.org/> and implement the "
|
|
#~ "function."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Copia el siguiente fragmento de código en <https://play.rust-lang.org/> e "
|
|
#~ "implementa la función:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Try to solve the problem the \"simple\" way first, using `for` loops and "
|
|
#~ "integers. Then, revisit the solution and try to implement it with "
|
|
#~ "iterators."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Intenta resolver el problema de la forma \"sencilla\" primero, usando "
|
|
#~ "bucles `for` e enteros. Luego, vuelve a la solución e intenta "
|
|
#~ "implementarla con iteradores."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Memory management: stack vs heap, manual memory management, scope-based "
|
|
#~ "memory management, and garbage collection."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Gestión de la memoria: _stack_ (pila) vs _heap_ (montículo), gestión "
|
|
#~ "manual de la memoria, gestión de la memoria basada en ámbitos y _garbage "
|
|
#~ "collector_ (recolección de memoria residual)."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Ownership: move semantics, copying and cloning, borrowing, and lifetimes."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "_Ownership_ (Propiedad): semántica de movimiento, copiar, clonar, "
|
|
#~ "_borrowing_ (préstamos) y _lifetimes_ (tiempos de vida)."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Structs and methods."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Estructuras (_Structs_) y métodos."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "The Standard Library: `String`, `Option` and `Result`, `Vec`, `HashMap`, "
|
|
#~ "`Rc` and `Arc`."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "La Biblioteca Estándar (_Standard Library_): `String`, `Option` y "
|
|
#~ "`Result`, `Vec`, `HashMap`, `Rc` y `Arc`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Modules: visibility, paths, and filesystem hierarchy."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Módulos: visibilidad, rutas y jerarquía del sistema de archivos."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "First, let's refresh how memory management works."
|
|
#~ msgstr "En primer lugar, veamos cómo funciona la gestión de la memoria."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "The Stack vs The Heap"
|
|
#~ msgstr "_Stack_ (Pila) vs _Heap_ (Montículo)"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Stack and Heap Example"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Ejemplo de _Stack_ y de _Heap_"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "You allocate and deallocate heap memory yourself."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Eres tú quien asigna y desasigna la memoria del _heap_."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "If not done with care, this can lead to crashes, bugs, security "
|
|
#~ "vulnerabilities, and memory leaks."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Si no lo haces con cuidado, podrían producirse fallos, errores, "
|
|
#~ "vulnerabilidades de seguridad y pérdidas de memoria."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "C Example"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Ejemplo en C"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "You must call `free` on every pointer you allocate with `malloc`:"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Debes llamar a `free` en cada puntero que asignes con `malloc`:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Memory is leaked if the function returns early between `malloc` and "
|
|
#~ "`free`: the pointer is lost and we cannot deallocate the memory. Worse, "
|
|
#~ "freeing the pointer twice, or accessing a freed pointer can lead to "
|
|
#~ "exploitable security vulnerabilities."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "La memoria se pierde si la función devuelve un resultado antes de tiempo "
|
|
#~ "entre `malloc` y `free`: el puntero se pierde y no podemos anular la "
|
|
#~ "asignación de la memoria. Peor aún, si se libera el puntero dos veces o "
|
|
#~ "si se accede a uno liberado, pueden producirse vulnerabilidades de "
|
|
#~ "seguridad de las que otros podrían aprovecharse."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Constructors and destructors let you hook into the lifetime of an object."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Los constructores y destructores permiten acceder al tiempo de vida de un "
|
|
#~ "objeto."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "By wrapping a pointer in an object, you can free memory when the object "
|
|
#~ "is destroyed. The compiler guarantees that this happens, even if an "
|
|
#~ "exception is raised."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Al envolver un puntero en un objeto, puedes liberar memoria cuando el "
|
|
#~ "objeto se destruya. El compilador asegura que esto ocurra, aunque se "
|
|
#~ "genere una excepción."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "This is often called _resource acquisition is initialization_ (RAII) and "
|
|
#~ "gives you smart pointers."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "A menudo, significa que la _adquisición de recursos es la inicialización_ "
|
|
#~ "(RAII) y te proporciona punteros inteligentes."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```c++\n"
|
|
#~ "void say_hello(std::unique_ptr<Person> person) {\n"
|
|
#~ " std::cout << \"Hello \" << person->name << std::endl;\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```c++\n"
|
|
#~ "void say_hello(std::unique_ptr<Person> person) {\n"
|
|
#~ " std::cout << \"Hola \" << person->name << std::endl;\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "The `std::unique_ptr` object is allocated on the stack, and points to "
|
|
#~ "memory allocated on the heap."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "El objeto `std::unique_ptr` se reserva en el _stack_ y apunta a la "
|
|
#~ "memoria asignada en el _heap_."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "At the end of `say_hello`, the `std::unique_ptr` destructor will run."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Al final de `say_hello`, se ejecuta el destructor `std::unique_ptr`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "The destructor frees the `Person` object it points to."
|
|
#~ msgstr "El destructor libera el objeto `Person` al que apunta."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Special move constructors are used when passing ownership to a function:"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Los constructores de movimiento especiales se utilizan cuando se pasa el "
|
|
#~ "_ownership_ a una función:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "An alternative to manual and scope-based memory management is automatic "
|
|
#~ "memory management:"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Una alternativa a la gestión manual de la memoria basada en el ámbito es "
|
|
#~ "la gestión automática de la memoria:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "The programmer never allocates or deallocates memory explicitly."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "El programador nunca asigna ni desasigna la memoria de forma explícita."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "A garbage collector finds unused memory and deallocates it for the "
|
|
#~ "programmer."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Un _garbage collector_ (recolector de memoria residual) encuentra la que "
|
|
#~ "no se utiliza y la desasigna para el programador."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Java Example"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Ejemplo en Java"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "The `person` object is not deallocated after `sayHello` returns:"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "El objeto `person` no se libera después de que `sayHello` devuelva el "
|
|
#~ "siguiente resultado:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```java\n"
|
|
#~ "void sayHello(Person person) {\n"
|
|
#~ " System.out.println(\"Hello \" + person.getName());\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```java\n"
|
|
#~ "void sayHello(Person person) {\n"
|
|
#~ " System.out.println(\"Hola \" + person.getName());\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Memory Management in Rust"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Gestión de la Memoria en Rust"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Memory management in Rust is a mix:"
|
|
#~ msgstr "La gestión de la memoria en Rust es una mezcla:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Safe and correct like Java, but without a garbage collector."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Segura y correcta como Java, pero sin _garbage collector_."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Scope-based like C++, but the compiler enforces full adherence."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Está basada en el ámbito, como C++, pero el compilador cumple con todas "
|
|
#~ "las normas."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "A Rust user can choose the right abstraction for the situation, some even "
|
|
#~ "have no cost at runtime like C."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Un usuario de Rust puede elegir la abstracción adecuada para cada "
|
|
#~ "situación, algunas ni siquiera tienen coste en _runtime_, como C."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Rust achieves this by modeling _ownership_ explicitly."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Rust lo consigue modelando explícitamente el _ownership_."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "If asked how at this point, you can mention that in Rust this is usually "
|
|
#~ "handled by RAII wrapper types such as [Box](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/"
|
|
#~ "boxed/struct.Box.html), [Vec](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct."
|
|
#~ "Vec.html), [Rc](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/rc/struct.Rc.html), or [Arc]"
|
|
#~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html). These encapsulate "
|
|
#~ "ownership and memory allocation via various means, and prevent the "
|
|
#~ "potential errors in C."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Si en este momento te preguntan cómo, puedes mencionar que en Rust se "
|
|
#~ "suele gestionar con tipos de envoltorios RAII, como [Box](https://doc."
|
|
#~ "rust-lang.org/std/boxed/struct.Box.html), [Vec]https://doc.rust-lang.org/"
|
|
#~ "std/vec/struct.Vec.html), [Rc](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/rc/struct.Rc."
|
|
#~ "html) o [Arc](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/sync/struct.Arc.html). Estos "
|
|
#~ "encapsulan el _ownership_ y la asignación de memoria a través de diversos "
|
|
#~ "medios, evitando así los posibles errores en C."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "You may be asked about destructors here, the [Drop](https://doc.rust-lang."
|
|
#~ "org/std/ops/trait.Drop.html) trait is the Rust equivalent."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Puede que aquí te pregunten por los destructores, así que debes saber que "
|
|
#~ "el trait [Drop](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Drop.html) es el "
|
|
#~ "equivalente en Rust."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "A destructor can run here to free up resources."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Se puede ejecutar un destructor para liberar recursos."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```rust,editable\n"
|
|
#~ "fn main() {\n"
|
|
#~ " let s1: String = String::from(\"Hello!\");\n"
|
|
#~ " let s2: String = s1;\n"
|
|
#~ " println!(\"s2: {s2}\");\n"
|
|
#~ " // println!(\"s1: {s1}\");\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```rust,editable\n"
|
|
#~ "fn main() {\n"
|
|
#~ " let s1: String = String::from(\"Hola!\");\n"
|
|
#~ " let s2: String = s1;\n"
|
|
#~ " println!(\"s2: {s2}\");\n"
|
|
#~ " // println!(\"s1: {s1}\");\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "There is always _exactly_ one variable binding which owns a value."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Siempre hay _exactamente_ un enlace a variable que posee un valor."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "The heap data from `s1` is reused for `s2`."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Los datos del _heap_ de `s1` se reutilizan en `s2`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "When `s1` goes out of scope, nothing happens (it has been moved from)."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Cuando `s1` sale del ámbito, no ocurre nada (ha sido movida)."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```c++\n"
|
|
#~ "std::string s1 = \"Cpp\";\n"
|
|
#~ "std::string s2 = s1; // Duplicate the data in s1.\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```c++\n"
|
|
#~ "std::string s1 = \"Cpp\";\n"
|
|
#~ "std::string s2 = s1; // Duplicar datos en s1.\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```bob\n"
|
|
#~ " Stack Heap\n"
|
|
#~ ".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - -.\n"
|
|
#~ ": : : :\n"
|
|
#~ ": s1 : : :\n"
|
|
#~ ": +-----------+-------+ : : +----+----+----+ :\n"
|
|
#~ ": | ptr | o---+---+--+--+-->| C | p | p | :\n"
|
|
#~ ": | len | 3 | : : +----+----+----+ :\n"
|
|
#~ ": | capacity | 3 | : : :\n"
|
|
#~ ": +-----------+-------+ : : :\n"
|
|
#~ ": : `- - - - - - - - - - - -'\n"
|
|
#~ "`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```bob\n"
|
|
#~ " _Stack_ _Heap_\n"
|
|
#~ ".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - -.\n"
|
|
#~ ": : : :\n"
|
|
#~ ": s1 : : :\n"
|
|
#~ ": +-----------+-------+ : : +----+----+----+ :\n"
|
|
#~ ": | ptr | o---+---+--+--+-->| C | p | p | :\n"
|
|
#~ ": | len | 3 | : : +----+----+----+ :\n"
|
|
#~ ": | capacity | 3 | : : :\n"
|
|
#~ ": +-----------+-------+ : : :\n"
|
|
#~ ": : `- - - - - - - - - - - -'\n"
|
|
#~ "`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```bob\n"
|
|
#~ " Stack Heap\n"
|
|
#~ ".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - -.\n"
|
|
#~ ": : : :\n"
|
|
#~ ": s1 : : :\n"
|
|
#~ ": +-----------+-------+ : : +----+----+----+ :\n"
|
|
#~ ": | ptr | o---+---+--+--+-->| C | p | p | :\n"
|
|
#~ ": | len | 3 | : : +----+----+----+ :\n"
|
|
#~ ": | capacity | 3 | : : :\n"
|
|
#~ ": +-----------+-------+ : : :\n"
|
|
#~ ": : : :\n"
|
|
#~ ": s2 : : :\n"
|
|
#~ ": +-----------+-------+ : : +----+----+----+ :\n"
|
|
#~ ": | ptr | o---+---+-----+-->| C | p | p | :\n"
|
|
#~ ": | len | 3 | : : +----+----+----+ :\n"
|
|
#~ ": | capacity | 3 | : : :\n"
|
|
#~ ": +-----------+-------+ : : :\n"
|
|
#~ ": : `- - - - - - - - - - - -'\n"
|
|
#~ "`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```bob\n"
|
|
#~ " _Stack_ _Heap_\n"
|
|
#~ ".- - - - - - - - - - - - - -. .- - - - - - - - - - - -.\n"
|
|
#~ ": : : :\n"
|
|
#~ ": s1 : : :\n"
|
|
#~ ": +-----------+-------+ : : +----+----+----+ :\n"
|
|
#~ ": | ptr | o---+---+--+--+-->| C | p | p | :\n"
|
|
#~ ": | len | 3 | : : +----+----+----+ :\n"
|
|
#~ ": | capacity | 3 | : : :\n"
|
|
#~ ": +-----------+-------+ : : :\n"
|
|
#~ ": : : :\n"
|
|
#~ ": s2 : : :\n"
|
|
#~ ": +-----------+-------+ : : +----+----+----+ :\n"
|
|
#~ ": | ptr | o---+---+-----+-->| C | p | p | :\n"
|
|
#~ ": | len | 3 | : : +----+----+----+ :\n"
|
|
#~ ": | capacity | 3 | : : :\n"
|
|
#~ ": +-----------+-------+ : : :\n"
|
|
#~ ": : `- - - - - - - - - - - -'\n"
|
|
#~ "`- - - - - - - - - - - - - -'\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "If students ask about `derive`, it is sufficient to say that this is a "
|
|
#~ "way to generate code in Rust at compile time. In this case the default "
|
|
#~ "implementations of `Copy` and `Clone` traits are generated."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Si los alumnos preguntan por `derive`, basta con decir que se trata de "
|
|
#~ "una forma de generar código en Rust durante el tiempo de compilación. En "
|
|
#~ "este caso, se generan las implementaciones predeterminadas de los traits "
|
|
#~ "`Copy` y `Clone`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "A borrowed value has a _lifetime_:"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Un valor que se toma prestado tiene un _tiempo de vida_:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "The lifetime can be implicit: `add(p1: &Point, p2: &Point) -> Point`."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "El tiempo de vida puede ser implícito: `add(p1: &Point, p2: &Point) -> "
|
|
#~ "Point`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Lifetimes can also be explicit: `&'a Point`, `&'document str`."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Tiempo de vida también puede ser explícito: `&'a Point`, `&'document str`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Read `&'a Point` as \"a borrowed `Point` which is valid for at least the "
|
|
#~ "lifetime `a`\"."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Lee `&'a Point` como \"un `Point` prestado que es válido al menos durante "
|
|
#~ "el tiempo de vida de `a`\"."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Lifetimes are always inferred by the compiler: you cannot assign a "
|
|
#~ "lifetime yourself."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "El compilador siempre infiere el tiempo de vida: no puedes asignarlos tú."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "In addition to borrowing its arguments, a function can return a borrowed "
|
|
#~ "value:"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Además de tomar prestados sus argumentos, una función puede devolver un "
|
|
#~ "valor que se ha tomado prestado:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "`'a` is a generic parameter, it is inferred by the compiler."
|
|
#~ msgstr "`'a` es un parámetro genérico que infiere el compilador."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Lifetimes start with `'` and `'a` is a typical default name."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Los tiempos de vida comienzan por `'` y `'a` suele ser un nombre "
|
|
#~ "predeterminado habitual."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "The _at least_ part is important when parameters are in different scopes."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "La parte _al menos_ es importante cuando los parámetros están en ámbitos "
|
|
#~ "distintos."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Move the declaration of `p2` and `p3` into a new scope (`{ ... }`), "
|
|
#~ "resulting in the following code:"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Mueve la declaración de `p2` y `p3` a un nuevo ámbito (`{ ... }`), lo que "
|
|
#~ "dará como resultado el siguiente código:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Note how this does not compile since `p3` outlives `p2`."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Ten en cuenta que no se puede compilar, ya que `p3` dura más tiempo que "
|
|
#~ "`p2`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Reset the workspace and change the function signature to `fn "
|
|
#~ "left_most<'a, 'b>(p1: &'a Point, p2: &'a Point) -> &'b Point`. This will "
|
|
#~ "not compile because the relationship between the lifetimes `'a` and `'b` "
|
|
#~ "is unclear."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Restablece el espacio de trabajo y cambia la firma de la función a `fn "
|
|
#~ "left_most<'a, 'b>(p1: &'a Point, p2: &'a Point) -> &'b Point`. No se "
|
|
#~ "compilará porque la relación entre los tiempos de vida de `'a` y `'b` no "
|
|
#~ "está clara."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Another way to explain it:"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Otra forma de explicarlo:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Two references to two values are borrowed by a function and the function "
|
|
#~ "returns another reference."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Una función toma prestadas dos referencias a dos valores y devuelve otra "
|
|
#~ "referencia."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "It must have come from one of those two inputs (or from a global "
|
|
#~ "variable)."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Esta debe proceder de una de esas dos entradas (o de una variable global)."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Which one is it? The compiler needs to know, so at the call site the "
|
|
#~ "returned reference is not used for longer than a variable from where the "
|
|
#~ "reference came from."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "¿Cuál de ellas es? El compilador debe saberlo para que, en el sitio de la "
|
|
#~ "llamada, la referencia devuelta no se use durante más tiempo que una "
|
|
#~ "variable de la que procede la referencia."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Methods are defined in an `impl` block, which we will see in following "
|
|
#~ "slides."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Los métodos están definidos en un bloque `impl` que veremos en las "
|
|
#~ "siguientes diapositivas."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "The `new` function could be written using `Self` as a type, as it is "
|
|
#~ "interchangeable with the struct type name"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "La función `new` se podría escribir utilizando `Self` como tipo, ya que "
|
|
#~ "es intercambiable con el nombre de tipo de estructura."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Implement the `Default` trait for the struct. Define some fields and use "
|
|
#~ "the default values for the other fields."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Implementa el trait `Default` en la estructura. Define algunos campos y "
|
|
#~ "usa los valores predeterminados para el resto de los campos."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Methods are defined in the `impl` block."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Los métodos se definen en el bloque `impl`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Use struct update syntax to define a new structure using `peter`. Note "
|
|
#~ "that the variable `peter` will no longer be accessible afterwards."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Utiliza la sintaxis de actualización de estructuras para definir una "
|
|
#~ "estructura nueva con `peter`. Ten en cuenta que, después, ya no podrás "
|
|
#~ "acceder a la variable `peter`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Use `{:#?}` when printing structs to request the `Debug` representation."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Utiliza `{:#?}` al imprimir estructuras para solicitar la representación "
|
|
#~ "de `Debug`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "We describe the distinction between method receivers next."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "A continuación, se describe la diferencia entre receptores de métodos."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Consider emphasizing \"shared and immutable\" and \"unique and mutable\". "
|
|
#~ "These constraints always come together in Rust due to borrow checker "
|
|
#~ "rules, and `self` is no exception. It isn't possible to reference a "
|
|
#~ "struct from multiple locations and call a mutating (`&mut self`) method "
|
|
#~ "on it."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Considera recalcar los conceptos \"compartido e inmutable\" y \"único y "
|
|
#~ "mutable\". Estas restricciones siempre vienen juntas en Rust debido a las "
|
|
#~ "reglas del _borrow checker_, y `self` no es una excepción. No es posible "
|
|
#~ "referenciar una estructura desde varias ubicaciones y llamar a un método "
|
|
#~ "mutable (`&mut self`) en ella."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "All four methods here use a different method receiver."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Cada uno de estos cuatro métodos utilizan un receptor de método distinto."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "You can point out how that changes what the function can do with the "
|
|
#~ "variable values and if/how it can be used again in `main`."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Puedes indicar cómo eso cambia lo que la función puede hacer con los "
|
|
#~ "valores de las variables y si se puede utilizar de nuevo en `main` y, en "
|
|
#~ "caso afirmativo, cómo."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "You can showcase the error that appears when trying to call `finish` "
|
|
#~ "twice."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Puedes mostrar el error que aparece al intentar llamar a `finish` dos "
|
|
#~ "veces."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Note that although the method receivers are different, the non-static "
|
|
#~ "functions are called the same way in the main body. Rust enables "
|
|
#~ "automatic referencing and dereferencing when calling methods. Rust "
|
|
#~ "automatically adds in the `&`, `*`, `muts` so that that object matches "
|
|
#~ "the method signature."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Ten en cuenta que, aunque los receptores de los métodos sean diferentes, "
|
|
#~ "las funciones no estáticas se llaman del mismo modo en el cuerpo "
|
|
#~ "principal. Rust habilita la referenciación y desreferenciación "
|
|
#~ "automáticas al llamar a los métodos. Además, añade automáticamente los "
|
|
#~ "caracteres `&`, `*` y `muts` para que el objeto coincida con la firma del "
|
|
#~ "método."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "You might point out that `print_laps` is using a vector that is iterated "
|
|
#~ "over. We describe vectors in more detail in the afternoon. "
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Podrías mencionar que `print_laps` está usando un vector sobre el que se "
|
|
#~ "itera. Describiremos los vectores con más detalle por la tarde. "
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Day 2: Morning Exercises"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Día 2: Ejercicios de la Mañana"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "We will look at implementing methods in two contexts:"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Veremos la implementación de métodos en dos contextos:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Storing books and querying the collection"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Almacenar libros y consultar la colección"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Keeping track of health statistics for patients"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Hacer seguimiento de las estadísticas de salud de pacientes"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "We will learn much more about structs and the `Vec<T>` type tomorrow. For "
|
|
#~ "now, you just need to know part of its API:"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Mañana conoceremos mucho mejor _structs_ y el tipo `Vec<T>`. Por ahora, "
|
|
#~ "solo debes conocer parte de su API:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Use this to model a library's book collection. Copy the code below to "
|
|
#~ "<https://play.rust-lang.org/> and update the types to make it compile:"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Crea un modelo de la colección de libros de una biblioteca con esta "
|
|
#~ "opción. Copia el código que aparece abajo en <https://play.rust-lang.org/"
|
|
#~ "> y actualiza los tipos para que compile:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "[Solution](solutions-afternoon.md#designing-a-library)"
|
|
#~ msgstr "[Soluciones](solutions-afternoon.md#designing-a-library)"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "The common vocabulary types include:"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Entre los tipos de vocabulario más habituales se incluyen los siguientes:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "[`Option` and `Result`](std/option-result.md) types: used for optional "
|
|
#~ "values and [error handling](error-handling.md)."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Tipos [`Option` y `Result`](std/option-result.md): se utilizan para "
|
|
#~ "valores opcionales y [gestión de errores](error-handling.md)."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "[`String`](std/string.md): the default string type used for owned data."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "[`String`](std/string.md): el tipo de cadena predeterminado que se usa "
|
|
#~ "para los datos propios."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "[`Vec`](std/vec.md): a standard extensible vector."
|
|
#~ msgstr "[`Vec`](std/vec.md): un vector estándar extensible."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "[`HashMap`](std/hashmap.md): a hash map type with a configurable hashing "
|
|
#~ "algorithm."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "[`HashMap`](std/hashmap.md): un mapa hash con un algoritmo hash "
|
|
#~ "configurable."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "[`Box`](std/box.md): an owned pointer for heap-allocated data."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "[`Box`](std/box.md): un puntero propio para datos ubicados en el _heap_."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "[`Rc`](std/rc.md): a shared reference-counted pointer for heap-allocated "
|
|
#~ "data."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "[`Rc`](std/rc.md): un puntero compartido de conteo de referencias para "
|
|
#~ "datos asignados a _heap_."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "`Option` and `Result`"
|
|
#~ msgstr "`Option` y `Result`"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "The types represent optional data:"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Los tipos representan datos opcionales:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "`Option<&T>` has zero space overhead compared to `&T`."
|
|
#~ msgstr "`Option<&T>` no usa espacio adicional en comparación con `&T`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "`binary_search` returns `Result<usize, usize>`."
|
|
#~ msgstr "`binary_search` devuelve `Result<usize, usize>`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "If found, `Result::Ok` holds the index where the element is found."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Si se encuentra, `Result::Ok` contiene el índice donde se halla el "
|
|
#~ "elemento."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Otherwise, `Result::Err` contains the index where such an element should "
|
|
#~ "be inserted."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "De lo contrario, `Result::Err` contendrá el índice donde se debe insertar "
|
|
#~ "dicho elemento."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Show iterating over a vector and mutating the value: `for e in &mut v "
|
|
#~ "{ *e += 50; }`"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Muestra la iteración sobre un vector y la mutación del valor: `for e in "
|
|
#~ "&mut v { *e += 50; }`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```bob\n"
|
|
#~ " Stack Heap\n"
|
|
#~ ".- - - - - - -. .- - - - - - -.\n"
|
|
#~ ": : : :\n"
|
|
#~ ": five : : :\n"
|
|
#~ ": +-----+ : : +-----+ :\n"
|
|
#~ ": | o---|---+-----+-->| 5 | :\n"
|
|
#~ ": +-----+ : : +-----+ :\n"
|
|
#~ ": : : :\n"
|
|
#~ ": : : :\n"
|
|
#~ "`- - - - - - -' `- - - - - - -'\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```bob\n"
|
|
#~ " _Stack_ _Heap_\n"
|
|
#~ ".- - - - - - -. .- - - - - - -.\n"
|
|
#~ ": : : :\n"
|
|
#~ ": five : : :\n"
|
|
#~ ": +-----+ : : +-----+ :\n"
|
|
#~ ": | o---|---+-----+-->| 5 | :\n"
|
|
#~ ": +-----+ : : +-----+ :\n"
|
|
#~ ": : : :\n"
|
|
#~ ": : : :\n"
|
|
#~ "`- - - - - - -' `- - - - - - -'\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "In the above example, you can even leave out the `*` in the `println!` "
|
|
#~ "statement thanks to `Deref`. "
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "En el ejemplo anterior, incluso puedes omitir `*` en la instrucción "
|
|
#~ "`println!` gracias a `Deref`. "
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Box with Recursive Data Structures"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Box con Estructuras de Datos Recursivos"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "`Cell` and `RefCell`"
|
|
#~ msgstr "`Cell` y `RefCell`"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "[`Cell`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/cell/struct.Cell.html) and "
|
|
#~ "[`RefCell`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/cell/struct.RefCell.html) "
|
|
#~ "implement what Rust calls _interior mutability:_ mutation of values in an "
|
|
#~ "immutable context."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "[`Cell`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/cell/struct.Cell.html) y "
|
|
#~ "[`RefCell`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/cell/struct.RefCell.html) "
|
|
#~ "implementan lo que Rust llama _mutabilidad interna_: mutación de valores "
|
|
#~ "en un contexto inmutable."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "`Cell` is typically used for simple types, as it requires copying or "
|
|
#~ "moving values. More complex interior types typically use `RefCell`, which "
|
|
#~ "tracks shared and exclusive references at runtime and panics if they are "
|
|
#~ "misused."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Normalmente, `Cell` se utiliza para tipos simples, ya que requiere copiar "
|
|
#~ "o mover valores. Los tipos internos más complejos normalmente utilizan "
|
|
#~ "`RefCell`, que realiza un seguimiento de las referencias compartidas y "
|
|
#~ "exclusivas en tiempo de ejecución y entra en pánico si se utilizan de "
|
|
#~ "forma incorrecta."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "If we were using `Cell` instead of `RefCell` in this example, we would "
|
|
#~ "have to move the `Node` out of the `Rc` to push children, then move it "
|
|
#~ "back in. This is safe because there's always one, un-referenced value in "
|
|
#~ "the cell, but it's not ergonomic."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Si estuviéramos utilizando `Cell` en lugar de `RefCell` en este ejemplo, "
|
|
#~ "tendríamos que mover el `Node` fuera del `Rc` para insertar hijos y luego "
|
|
#~ "volver a moverlo. Esto es seguro porque siempre hay un valor sin "
|
|
#~ "referenciar en la celda, pero no es ergonómico."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "To do anything with a Node, you must call a `RefCell` method, usually "
|
|
#~ "`borrow` or `borrow_mut`."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Para hacer cualquier cosa con un Node, debes llamar a un método de "
|
|
#~ "`RefCell`, normalmente `borrow` o `borrow_mut`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Day 2: Afternoon Exercises"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Día 2: Ejercicios de la Tarde"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "The exercises for this afternoon will focus on strings and iterators."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Los ejercicios de esta tarde se centrarán en las cadenas y los iteradores."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "The ownership model of Rust affects many APIs. An example of this is the "
|
|
#~ "[`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html) and "
|
|
#~ "[`IntoIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.IntoIterator."
|
|
#~ "html) traits."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "El modelo de _ownership_ de Rust afecta a muchas APIs. Un ejemplo serían "
|
|
#~ "los traits [`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator."
|
|
#~ "html) y [`IntoIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait."
|
|
#~ "IntoIterator.html)."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Traits are like interfaces: they describe behavior (methods) for a type. "
|
|
#~ "The `Iterator` trait simply says that you can call `next` until you get "
|
|
#~ "`None` back:"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Los _traits_ son como las interfaces: describen el comportamiento "
|
|
#~ "(métodos) de un tipo. El trait `Iterator` indica que se puede llamar a "
|
|
#~ "`next` hasta que se obtenga `None`:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "You use this trait like this:"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Utiliza este trait de la siguiente forma:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "What is the type returned by the iterator? Test your answer here:"
|
|
#~ msgstr "¿Qué tipo devuelve el iterador? Prueba tu respuesta aquí:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Why is this type used?"
|
|
#~ msgstr "¿Por qué se usa este tipo?"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Like before, what is the type returned by the iterator?"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Al igual que antes, ¿qué tipo devuelve el iterador?"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Now that we know both `Iterator` and `IntoIterator`, we can build `for` "
|
|
#~ "loops. They call `into_iter()` on an expression and iterates over the "
|
|
#~ "resulting iterator:"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Ahora que conocemos `Iterator` e `IntoIterator`, podemos crear bucles "
|
|
#~ "`for`. Llaman a `into_iter()` sobre una expresión e iteran sobre el "
|
|
#~ "iterador resultante:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Experiment with the code above and then consult the documentation for "
|
|
#~ "[`impl IntoIterator for &Vec<T>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/"
|
|
#~ "struct.Vec.html#impl-IntoIterator-for-%26'a+Vec%3CT,+A%3E) and [`impl "
|
|
#~ "IntoIterator for Vec<T>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec."
|
|
#~ "html#impl-IntoIterator-for-Vec%3CT,+A%3E) to check your answers."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Experimenta con el código anterior y consulta la documentación sobre "
|
|
#~ "[`impl IntoIterator for &Vec<T>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/"
|
|
#~ "struct.Vec.html#impl-IntoIterator-for-%26'a+Vec%3CT,+A%3E) y sobre [`impl "
|
|
#~ "IntoIterator for Vec<T>`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec."
|
|
#~ "html#impl-IntoIterator-for-Vec%3CT,+A%3E) para comprobar las respuestas."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "In this exercise, you are implementing a routing component of a web "
|
|
#~ "server. The server is configured with a number of _path prefixes_ which "
|
|
#~ "are matched against _request paths_. The path prefixes can contain a "
|
|
#~ "wildcard character which matches a full segment. See the unit tests below."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "En este ejercicio se va a implementar un componente de enrutamiento de un "
|
|
#~ "servidor web. El servidor está configurado con un número de _prefijos de "
|
|
#~ "ruta_ que se comparan con las _rutas de solicitud_. Los prefijos de ruta "
|
|
#~ "pueden contener un carácter comodín que coincida con un segmento "
|
|
#~ "completo. Consulta las pruebas unitarias más abajo."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Traits: deriving traits, default methods, and important standard library "
|
|
#~ "traits."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "_Traits_: derivación de _traits_, métodos predeterminados y _traits_ "
|
|
#~ "importantes de la _standard library_ (biblioteca estándar)."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Generics: generic data types, generic methods, monomorphization, and "
|
|
#~ "trait objects."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "_Generics_ (Genéricos): tipos de datos genéricos, métodos genéricos, "
|
|
#~ "monomorfización y objetos de _traits_."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Testing: unit tests, documentation tests, and integration tests."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Pruebas: pruebas unitarias, pruebas de documentación y pruebas de "
|
|
#~ "integración."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Unsafe Rust: raw pointers, static variables, unsafe functions, and extern "
|
|
#~ "functions."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Rust inseguro: punteros sin formato, variables estáticas, funciones no "
|
|
#~ "seguras y funciones externas."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Try declaring a new variable `let p = Point { x: 5, y: 10.0 };`."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Prueba a declarar una nueva variable `let p = Point { x: 5, y: 10.0 };`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Fix the code to allow points that have elements of different types."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Corrige el código para permitir puntos que tengan elementos de distintos "
|
|
#~ "tipos."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "You can declare a generic type on your `impl` block:"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Puedes declarar un tipo genérico en tu bloque `impl`:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Generic code is turned into non-generic code based on the call sites:"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "El código genérico se convierte en código no genérico en función de los "
|
|
#~ "sitios de llamada:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "behaves as if you wrote"
|
|
#~ msgstr "se comporta como si se hubiera escrito"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Rust derive macros work by automatically generating code that implements "
|
|
#~ "the specified traits for a data structure."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Las macros de derivación de Rust funcionan generando automáticamente "
|
|
#~ "código que implementa los _traits_ especificados para una estructura de "
|
|
#~ "datos."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "You can let the compiler derive a number of traits as follows:"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Puedes dejar que el compilador derive una serie de _traits_ de la "
|
|
#~ "siguiente manera:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Traits can implement behavior in terms of other trait methods:"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Los _traits_ pueden implementar comportamientos en función de otros "
|
|
#~ "métodos de _traits_:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Move method `not_equals` to a new trait `NotEquals`."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Mueve el método `not_equals` a un nuevo trait `NotEquals`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Make `Equals` a super trait for `NotEquals`."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Haz que `Equals` sea un supertrait para `NotEquals`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n"
|
|
#~ "trait NotEquals: Equals {\n"
|
|
#~ " fn not_equals(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {\n"
|
|
#~ " !self.equals(other)\n"
|
|
#~ " }\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n"
|
|
#~ "trait NotEquals: Equals {\n"
|
|
#~ " fn not_equals(&self, other: &Self) -> bool {\n"
|
|
#~ " !self.equals(other)\n"
|
|
#~ " }\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Provide a blanket implementation of `NotEquals` for `Equals`."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Proporciona una implementación general de `NotEquals` para `Equals`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "With the blanket implementation, you no longer need `Equals` as a super "
|
|
#~ "trait for `NotEqual`."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Con la implementación general, ya no necesitas `Equals` como supertrait "
|
|
#~ "para `NotEqual`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "`impl Trait` allows you to work with types which you cannot name."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "`impl Trait` permite trabajar con tipos a los que no se les puede asignar "
|
|
#~ "un nombre."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "This example is great, because it uses `impl Display` twice. It helps to "
|
|
#~ "explain that nothing here enforces that it is _the same_ `impl Display` "
|
|
#~ "type. If we used a single `T: Display`, it would enforce the constraint "
|
|
#~ "that input `T` and return `T` type are the same type. It would not work "
|
|
#~ "for this particular function, as the type we expect as input is likely "
|
|
#~ "not what `format!` returns. If we wanted to do the same via `: Display` "
|
|
#~ "syntax, we'd need two independent generic parameters."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Este ejemplo es fantástico porque usa `impl Display` dos veces. Nos ayuda "
|
|
#~ "explicar que no hay nada que obligue a que sea _el mismo_ tipo `impl "
|
|
#~ "Display`. Si se utiliza un solo `T: Display`, se aplicaría la restricción "
|
|
#~ "de que el tipo de entrada `T` y el tipo de retorno `T` son iguales. No "
|
|
#~ "funcionaría para esta función en concreto, ya que el tipo que esperamos "
|
|
#~ "como entrada probablemente no sea el que devuelve `format!`. Si "
|
|
#~ "quisiéramos hacer lo mismo a través de la sintaxis `: Display`, "
|
|
#~ "necesitaríamos dos parámetros genéricos independientes."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "We will now look at some of the most common traits of the Rust standard "
|
|
#~ "library:"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "A continuación, veremos algunos de los _traits_ más comunes de la "
|
|
#~ "biblioteca estándar de Rust:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "[`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html) and "
|
|
#~ "[`IntoIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.IntoIterator."
|
|
#~ "html) used in `for` loops,"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "[`Iterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.Iterator.html) y "
|
|
#~ "[`IntoIterator`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/iter/trait.IntoIterator."
|
|
#~ "html) se usan en los bucles `for`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "[`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html) and "
|
|
#~ "[`Into`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) used to "
|
|
#~ "convert values,"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "[`From`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html) y [`Into`]"
|
|
#~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.Into.html) se usan para "
|
|
#~ "convertir valores."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "[`Read`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Read.html) and [`Write`]"
|
|
#~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Write.html) used for IO,"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "[`Read`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Read.html) y [`Write`]"
|
|
#~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/io/trait.Write.html) se usan para E/S."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "[`Add`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Add.html), [`Mul`]"
|
|
#~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Mul.html), ... used for operator "
|
|
#~ "overloading, and"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "[`Add`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Add.html), [`Mul`]"
|
|
#~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ops/trait.Mul.html), ... se usan para "
|
|
#~ "sobrecargar operadores, y"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "[`Default`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/default/trait.Default.html) "
|
|
#~ "used to construct a default instance of a type."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "[`Default`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/default/trait.Default.html) se "
|
|
#~ "usa para construir una instancia predeterminada de un tipo."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "`Iterator` implements `fn collect<B>(self) -> B where B: "
|
|
#~ "FromIterator<Self::Item>, Self: Sized`"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "`Iterator` implementa `fn collect<B>(self) -> B where B: "
|
|
#~ "FromIterator<Self::Item>, Self: Sized`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "`Add`, `Mul`, ..."
|
|
#~ msgstr "`Add`, `Mul`, etc."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Day 3: Morning Exercises"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Día 3: Ejercicios de la Mañana"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "We will design a classical GUI library using traits and trait objects."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Diseñaremos una biblioteca GUI clásica de _traits_ y objetos _trait_."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "We will also look at enum dispatch with an exercise involving points and "
|
|
#~ "polygons."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "También veremos la asignación de enumeraciones con un ejercicio que "
|
|
#~ "involucra puntos y polígonos."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Let us design a classical GUI library using our new knowledge of traits "
|
|
#~ "and trait objects."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Vamos a diseñar una biblioteca GUI clásica con nuestro recién adquirido "
|
|
#~ "conocimiento sobre _traits_ y objetos trait."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "We will have a number of widgets in our library:"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Tendremos varios widgets en nuestra biblioteca:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "`Window`: has a `title` and contains other widgets."
|
|
#~ msgstr "`Window`: tiene un `title` y contiene otros widgets."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "`Button`: has a `label` and a callback function which is invoked when the "
|
|
#~ "button is pressed."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "`Button`: tiene una `label` y una función de retrollamada que se invoca "
|
|
#~ "cuando se pulsa el botón."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "`Label`: has a `label`."
|
|
#~ msgstr "`Label`: tiene una `label`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "The widgets will implement a `Widget` trait, see below."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Los widgets implementarán un trait `Widget`, como se indica más abajo."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Copy the code below to <https://play.rust-lang.org/>, fill in the missing "
|
|
#~ "`draw_into` methods so that you implement the `Widget` trait:"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Copia el siguiente fragmento de código en la página <https://play.rust-"
|
|
#~ "lang.org/> y rellena los métodos `draw_into` que faltan para implementar "
|
|
#~ "el trait `Widget`:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "The output of the above program can be something simple like this:"
|
|
#~ msgstr "La salida del programa anterior puede ser algo sencillo como esto:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "If you want to draw aligned text, you can use the [fill/alignment]"
|
|
#~ "(https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/index.html#fillalignment) formatting "
|
|
#~ "operators. In particular, notice how you can pad with different "
|
|
#~ "characters (here a `'/'`) and how you can control alignment:"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Si quieres trazar texto alineado, puedes usar los operadores de formato "
|
|
#~ "[relleno/alineación](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/fmt/index."
|
|
#~ "html#fillalignment). En concreto, observa cómo puedes rellenar con "
|
|
#~ "distintos caracteres (en este caso, `'/'`) y cómo puedes controlar la "
|
|
#~ "alineación:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Using such alignment tricks, you can for example produce output like this:"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Con estos trucos de alineación puedes, por ejemplo, obtener resultados "
|
|
#~ "como el siguiente:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Polygon Struct"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Estructura de polígono"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "We will create a `Polygon` struct which contain some points. Copy the "
|
|
#~ "code below to <https://play.rust-lang.org/> and fill in the missing "
|
|
#~ "methods to make the tests pass:"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Crearemos una estructura `Polygon` que contenga algunos puntos. Copia el "
|
|
#~ "siguiente fragmento de código en la página <https://play.rust-lang.org/> "
|
|
#~ "y rellena los métodos que faltan para pasar las pruebas:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Since the method signatures are missing from the problem statements, the "
|
|
#~ "key part of the exercise is to specify those correctly. You don't have to "
|
|
#~ "modify the tests."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Dado que faltan las firmas de los métodos en las instrucciones del "
|
|
#~ "problema, la parte clave del ejercicio consiste en especificarlas "
|
|
#~ "correctamente. No tienes que modificar las pruebas."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Other interesting parts of the exercise:"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Otras partes interesantes del ejercicio:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Derive a `Copy` trait for some structs, as in tests the methods sometimes "
|
|
#~ "don't borrow their arguments."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Deriva un trait `Copy` en algunas estructuras, ya que, en las pruebas, "
|
|
#~ "los métodos a veces no toman prestados sus argumentos."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Discover that `Add` trait must be implemented for two objects to be "
|
|
#~ "addable via \"+\". Note that we do not discuss generics until Day 3."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Descubrir que hay que implementar el trait `Add` para que se puedan "
|
|
#~ "añadir dos objetos mediante \"+\". Ten en cuenta que no hablaremos de los "
|
|
#~ "genéricos hasta el día 3."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Error handling in Rust is done using explicit control flow:"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "La gestión de errores en Rust se realiza mediante un flujo de control "
|
|
#~ "explícito:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Functions that can have errors list this in their return type,"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Las funciones que pueden tener errores lo indican en su tipo de resultado "
|
|
#~ "devuelto."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "There are no exceptions."
|
|
#~ msgstr "No hay excepciones."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Catching the Stack Unwinding"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Capturar el Desenrrollado de la _Stack_"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "We have already seen the `Result` enum. This is used pervasively when "
|
|
#~ "errors are expected as part of normal operation:"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Ya hemos visto la _enum_ `Result`. Se utiliza normalmente cuando se "
|
|
#~ "esperan errores como parte del funcionamiento normal:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Propagating Errors with `?`"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Propagar errores con `?`"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "The try-operator `?` is used to return errors to the caller. It lets you "
|
|
#~ "turn the common"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "El operador try `?` se utiliza para devolver errores al llamador. Te "
|
|
#~ "permite convertir"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "The return type of the function has to be compatible with the nested "
|
|
#~ "functions it calls. For instance, a function returning a `Result<T, Err>` "
|
|
#~ "can only apply the `?` operator on a function returning a `Result<AnyT, "
|
|
#~ "Err>`. It cannot apply the `?` operator on a function returning an "
|
|
#~ "`Option<AnyT>` or `Result<T, OtherErr>` unless `OtherErr` implements "
|
|
#~ "`From<Err>`. Reciprocally, a function returning an `Option<T>` can only "
|
|
#~ "apply the `?` operator on a function returning an `Option<AnyT>`."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "El tipo de resultado de la función tiene que ser compatible con las "
|
|
#~ "funciones anidadas que llama. Por ejemplo, una función que devuelve un "
|
|
#~ "`Result<T, Err>` solo puede aplicar el operador `?` a una función que "
|
|
#~ "devuelve un `Result<AnyT, Err>`. No puede aplicar el operador `?` a una "
|
|
#~ "función que devuelve un `Option<AnyT>` o `Result<T, OtherErr>` a menos "
|
|
#~ "que `OtherErr` implemente `From<Err>`. Recíprocamente, una función que "
|
|
#~ "devuelve un `Option<T>` solo puede aplicar el operador `?` a una función "
|
|
#~ "que devuelve un `Option<AnyT>`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "You can convert incompatible types into one another with the different "
|
|
#~ "`Option` and `Result` methods such as `Option::ok_or`, `Result::ok`, "
|
|
#~ "`Result::err`."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Puedes convertir tipos incompatibles entre sí con los distintos métodos "
|
|
#~ "de `Option` y `Result` como `Option::ok_or`, `Result::ok`, `Result::err`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "It is good practice for all error types that don't need to be `no_std` to "
|
|
#~ "implement `std::error::Error`, which requires `Debug` and `Display`. The "
|
|
#~ "`Error` crate for `core` is only available in [nightly](https://github."
|
|
#~ "com/rust-lang/rust/issues/103765), so not fully `no_std` compatible yet."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Se recomienda que todos los tipos de errores que no necesitan ser "
|
|
#~ "`no_std` implementen `std::error::Error`, que requiere `Debug` y "
|
|
#~ "`Display`. El crate `Error` para `core` solo está disponible en [nightly]"
|
|
#~ "(https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/103765), por lo que aún no es "
|
|
#~ "totalmente compatible con `no_std`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "It's generally helpful for them to implement `Clone` and `Eq` too where "
|
|
#~ "possible, to make life easier for tests and consumers of your library. In "
|
|
#~ "this case we can't easily do so, because `io::Error` doesn't implement "
|
|
#~ "them."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Por lo general, es útil que también implementen `Clone` y `Eq`, siempre "
|
|
#~ "que sea posible, para facilitar las cosas a las pruebas y a los "
|
|
#~ "consumidores de tu biblioteca. En este caso, no podemos hacerlo de forma "
|
|
#~ "sencilla porque `io::Error` no los implementa."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "`thiserror`'s derive macro automatically implements `std::error::Error`, "
|
|
#~ "and optionally `Display` (if the `#[error(...)]` attributes are provided) "
|
|
#~ "and `From` (if the `#[from]` attribute is added). It also works for "
|
|
#~ "structs."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "La macro de derivación de `thiserror` implementa automáticamente `std::"
|
|
#~ "error::Error` y, de forma opcional, `Display` (si se proporcionan los "
|
|
#~ "atributos `#[error(...)]`) y `From` (si se añade el atributo `#[from]`). "
|
|
#~ "También funciona con estructuras."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "It doesn't affect your public API, which makes it good for libraries."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "No afecta a tu API pública, lo que la hace idónea para las bibliotecas."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "The widely used [anyhow](https://docs.rs/anyhow/) crate can help you add "
|
|
#~ "contextual information to your errors and allows you to have fewer custom "
|
|
#~ "error types:"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "El crate [anyhow](https://docs.rs/anyhow/), que se utiliza con "
|
|
#~ "frecuencia, puede ayudar a añadir información contextual a los errores y "
|
|
#~ "permite tener menos tipos de errores personalizados:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Mark unit tests with `#[test]`:"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Marca pruebas unitarias con `#[test]`:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Use `cargo test` to find and run the unit tests."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Busca y ejecuta las pruebas unitarias con `cargo test`."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Unit tests are often put in a nested module (run tests on the [Playground]"
|
|
#~ "(https://play.rust-lang.org/)):"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Las pruebas unitarias se suelen incluir en un módulo anidado (ejecuta las "
|
|
#~ "pruebas en el [_Playground_](https://play.rust-lang.org/)):"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Useful crates for writing tests"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Crates útiles para escribir pruebas"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Calling External Code"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Llamar a código externo"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Functions from other languages might violate the guarantees of Rust. "
|
|
#~ "Calling them is thus unsafe:"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Es posible que las funciones de otros lenguajes infrinjan las garantías "
|
|
#~ "de Rust. Por lo tanto, no es seguro llamarlas:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Day 3: Afternoon Exercises"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Día 3: ejercicios de la tarde"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Let us build a safe wrapper for reading directory content!"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Vamos a crear un envoltorio seguro para leer el contenido del directorio."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "For this exercise, we suggest using a local dev environment instead of "
|
|
#~ "the Playground. This will allow you to run your binary on your own "
|
|
#~ "machine."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Para este ejercicio, recomendamos utilizar un entorno de desarrollo "
|
|
#~ "local, en lugar del playground. De este modo, podrás ejecutar tu binario "
|
|
#~ "en tu propia máquina."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "To get started, follow the [running locally](../../cargo/running-locally."
|
|
#~ "md) instructions."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Para empezar, sigue las instrucciones para [ejecutar a nivel local](../../"
|
|
#~ "cargo/running-locally.md)."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "After looking at the exercise, you can look at the [solution](solutions-"
|
|
#~ "afternoon.md) provided."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Después de realizar el ejercicio, puedes consultar la [solución]"
|
|
#~ "(solutions-afternoon.md) proporcionada."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```javascript\n"
|
|
#~ "rust_binary {\n"
|
|
#~ " name: \"hello_rust_with_dep\",\n"
|
|
#~ " crate_name: \"hello_rust_with_dep\",\n"
|
|
#~ " srcs: [\"src/main.rs\"],\n"
|
|
#~ " rustlibs: [\n"
|
|
#~ " \"libgreetings\",\n"
|
|
#~ " \"libtextwrap\",\n"
|
|
#~ " ],\n"
|
|
#~ " prefer_rlib: true,\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "rust_library {\n"
|
|
#~ " name: \"libgreetings\",\n"
|
|
#~ " crate_name: \"greetings\",\n"
|
|
#~ " srcs: [\"src/lib.rs\"],\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```javascript\n"
|
|
#~ "rust_binary {\n"
|
|
#~ " name: \"hello_rust_with_dep\",\n"
|
|
#~ " crate_name: \"hello_rust_with_dep\",\n"
|
|
#~ " srcs: [\"src/main.rs\"],\n"
|
|
#~ " rustlibs: [\n"
|
|
#~ " \"libgreetings\",\n"
|
|
#~ " \"libtextwrap\",\n"
|
|
#~ " ],\n"
|
|
#~ " prefer_rlib: true,\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "rust_library {\n"
|
|
#~ " name: \"libgreetings\",\n"
|
|
#~ " crate_name: \"greetings\",\n"
|
|
#~ " srcs: [\"src/lib.rs\"],\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```rust,ignore\n"
|
|
#~ "//! Rust demo.\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "use greetings::greeting;\n"
|
|
#~ "use textwrap::fill;\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "/// Prints a greeting to standard output.\n"
|
|
#~ "fn main() {\n"
|
|
#~ " println!(\"{}\", fill(&greeting(\"Bob\"), 24));\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```rust,ignore\n"
|
|
#~ "//! Rust demo.\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "use greetings::greeting;\n"
|
|
#~ "use textwrap::fill;\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "/// Imprime un saludo en una salida estándar.\n"
|
|
#~ "fn main() {\n"
|
|
#~ " println!(\"{}\", fill(&greeting(\"Bob\"), 24));\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```rust,ignore\n"
|
|
#~ "//! Greeting library.\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "/// Greet `name`.\n"
|
|
#~ "pub fn greeting(name: &str) -> String {\n"
|
|
#~ " format!(\"Hello {name}, it is very nice to meet you!\")\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```rust,ignore\n"
|
|
#~ "//! Greeting library.\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "/// Saludar a `name`.\n"
|
|
#~ "pub fn greeting(name: &str) -> String {\n"
|
|
#~ " format!(\"Hello {name}, it is very nice to meet you!\")\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```java\n"
|
|
#~ "package com.example.birthdayservice;\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "/** Birthday service interface. */\n"
|
|
#~ "interface IBirthdayService {\n"
|
|
#~ " /** Generate a Happy Birthday message. */\n"
|
|
#~ " String wishHappyBirthday(String name, int years);\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```java\n"
|
|
#~ "package com.example.birthdayservice;\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "/** Birthday service interface. */\n"
|
|
#~ "interface IBirthdayService {\n"
|
|
#~ " /** Generate a Happy Birthday message. */\n"
|
|
#~ " String wishHappyBirthday(String name, int years);\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```javascript\n"
|
|
#~ "aidl_interface {\n"
|
|
#~ " name: \"com.example.birthdayservice\",\n"
|
|
#~ " srcs: [\"com/example/birthdayservice/*.aidl\"],\n"
|
|
#~ " unstable: true,\n"
|
|
#~ " backend: {\n"
|
|
#~ " rust: { // Rust is not enabled by default\n"
|
|
#~ " enabled: true,\n"
|
|
#~ " },\n"
|
|
#~ " },\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```javascript\n"
|
|
#~ "aidl_interface {\n"
|
|
#~ " name: \"com.example.birthdayservice\",\n"
|
|
#~ " srcs: [\"com/example/birthdayservice/*.aidl\"],\n"
|
|
#~ " unstable: true,\n"
|
|
#~ " backend: {\n"
|
|
#~ " rust: { // Rust is not enabled by default\n"
|
|
#~ " enabled: true,\n"
|
|
#~ " },\n"
|
|
#~ " },\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "At this point, the instructor should switch to the [CXX tutorial](https://"
|
|
#~ "cxx.rs/tutorial.html)."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "En este punto, el instructor debería cambiar al [tutorial de CXX](https://"
|
|
#~ "cxx.rs/tutorial.html)."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Walk the students through the tutorial step by step."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Guía a los estudiantes a través del tutorial paso a paso."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Highlight how CXX presents a clean interface without unsafe code in _both "
|
|
#~ "languages_."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Destaca cómo CXX presenta una interfaz limpia sin código inseguro en "
|
|
#~ "_ambos lenguajes_."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Explain how a Rust `String` cannot map to a C++ `std::string` (the latter "
|
|
#~ "does not uphold the UTF-8 invariant). Show that despite being different "
|
|
#~ "types, `rust::String` in C++ can be easily constructed from a C++ `std::"
|
|
#~ "string`, making it very ergonomic to use."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Explica que una `String` de Rust no puede asignarse a una `std::string` "
|
|
#~ "de C++ (esta última no mantiene la invariante UTF-8). Muestra que, a "
|
|
#~ "pesar de ser tipos diferentes, `rust::String` en C++ se puede construir "
|
|
#~ "fácilmente a partir de una `std::string` de C++, lo que la hace muy "
|
|
#~ "ergonómica de usar."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Explain that a Rust function returning `Result<T, E>` becomes a function "
|
|
#~ "which throws a `E` exception in C++ (and vice versa)."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Explica que una función de Rust que devuelve `Result<T, E>` se convierte "
|
|
#~ "en una función que lanza una excepción `E` en C++ (y viceversa)."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```bash\n"
|
|
#~ "sudo apt install gcc-aarch64-linux-gnu gdb-multiarch libudev-dev picocom "
|
|
#~ "pkg-config qemu-system-arm\n"
|
|
#~ "rustup update\n"
|
|
#~ "rustup target add aarch64-unknown-none thumbv7em-none-eabihf\n"
|
|
#~ "rustup component add llvm-tools-preview\n"
|
|
#~ "cargo install cargo-binutils cargo-embed\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```bash\n"
|
|
#~ "sudo apt install gcc-aarch64-linux-gnu gdb-multiarch libudev-dev picocom "
|
|
#~ "pkg-config qemu-system-arm\n"
|
|
#~ "rustup update\n"
|
|
#~ "rustup target add aarch64-unknown-none thumbv7em-none-eabihf\n"
|
|
#~ "rustup component add llvm-tools-preview\n"
|
|
#~ "cargo install cargo-binutils cargo-embed\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```bash\n"
|
|
#~ "echo 'SUBSYSTEM==\"usb\", ATTR{idVendor}==\"0d28\", MODE=\"0664\", "
|
|
#~ "GROUP=\"plugdev\"' |\\\n"
|
|
#~ " sudo tee /etc/udev/rules.d/50-microbit.rules\n"
|
|
#~ "sudo udevadm control --reload-rules\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```bash\n"
|
|
#~ "echo 'SUBSYSTEM==\"usb\", ATTR{idVendor}==\"0d28\", MODE=\"0664\", "
|
|
#~ "GROUP=\"plugdev\"' |\\\n"
|
|
#~ " sudo tee /etc/udev/rules.d/50-microbit.rules\n"
|
|
#~ "sudo udevadm control --reload-rules\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```bash\n"
|
|
#~ "xcode-select --install\n"
|
|
#~ "brew install gdb picocom qemu\n"
|
|
#~ "brew install --cask gcc-aarch64-embedded\n"
|
|
#~ "rustup update\n"
|
|
#~ "rustup target add aarch64-unknown-none thumbv7em-none-eabihf\n"
|
|
#~ "rustup component add llvm-tools-preview\n"
|
|
#~ "cargo install cargo-binutils cargo-embed\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```bash\n"
|
|
#~ "xcode-select --install\n"
|
|
#~ "brew install gdb picocom qemu\n"
|
|
#~ "brew install --cask gcc-aarch64-embedded\n"
|
|
#~ "rustup update\n"
|
|
#~ "rustup target add aarch64-unknown-none thumbv7em-none-eabihf\n"
|
|
#~ "rustup component add llvm-tools-preview\n"
|
|
#~ "cargo install cargo-binutils cargo-embed\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n"
|
|
#~ "#![no_main]\n"
|
|
#~ "#![no_std]\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "use core::panic::PanicInfo;\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "#[panic_handler]\n"
|
|
#~ "fn panic(_panic: &PanicInfo) -> ! {\n"
|
|
#~ " loop {}\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n"
|
|
#~ "#![no_main]\n"
|
|
#~ "#![no_std]\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "use core::panic::PanicInfo;\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "#[panic_handler]\n"
|
|
#~ "fn panic(_panic: &PanicInfo) -> ! {\n"
|
|
#~ " loop {}\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n"
|
|
#~ "#![no_main]\n"
|
|
#~ "#![no_std]\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "extern crate alloc;\n"
|
|
#~ "extern crate panic_halt as _;\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "use alloc::string::ToString;\n"
|
|
#~ "use alloc::vec::Vec;\n"
|
|
#~ "use buddy_system_allocator::LockedHeap;\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "#[global_allocator]\n"
|
|
#~ "static HEAP_ALLOCATOR: LockedHeap<32> = LockedHeap::<32>::new();\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "static mut HEAP: [u8; 65536] = [0; 65536];\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "pub fn entry() {\n"
|
|
#~ " // Safe because `HEAP` is only used here and `entry` is only called "
|
|
#~ "once.\n"
|
|
#~ " unsafe {\n"
|
|
#~ " // Give the allocator some memory to allocate.\n"
|
|
#~ " HEAP_ALLOCATOR\n"
|
|
#~ " .lock()\n"
|
|
#~ " .init(HEAP.as_mut_ptr() as usize, HEAP.len());\n"
|
|
#~ " }\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ " // Now we can do things that require heap allocation.\n"
|
|
#~ " let mut v = Vec::new();\n"
|
|
#~ " v.push(\"A string\".to_string());\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n"
|
|
#~ "#![no_main]\n"
|
|
#~ "#![no_std]\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "extern crate alloc;\n"
|
|
#~ "extern crate panic_halt as _;\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "use alloc::string::ToString;\n"
|
|
#~ "use alloc::vec::Vec;\n"
|
|
#~ "use buddy_system_allocator::LockedHeap;\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "#[global_allocator]\n"
|
|
#~ "static HEAP_ALLOCATOR: LockedHeap<32> = LockedHeap::<32>::new();\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "static mut HEAP: [u8; 65536] = [0; 65536];\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "pub fn entry() {\n"
|
|
#~ " // Safe because `HEAP` is only used here and `entry` is only called "
|
|
#~ "once.\n"
|
|
#~ " unsafe {\n"
|
|
#~ " // Give the allocator some memory to allocate.\n"
|
|
#~ " HEAP_ALLOCATOR\n"
|
|
#~ " .lock()\n"
|
|
#~ " .init(HEAP.as_mut_ptr() as usize, HEAP.len());\n"
|
|
#~ " }\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ " // Ahora podemos hacer cosas que requieran asignación de _heap_.\n"
|
|
#~ " let mut v = Vec::new();\n"
|
|
#~ " v.push(\"A string\".to_string());\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "SWD"
|
|
#~ msgstr "SWD"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "GDB stub and Microsoft "
|
|
#~ msgstr "GDB stub y el servidor "
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "DAP"
|
|
#~ msgstr "DAP"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid " server"
|
|
#~ msgstr " de Microsoft"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "`cargo-embed` is a cargo subcommand to build and flash binaries, log "
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "`cargo-embed` es un subcomando de Cargo para compilar e instalar "
|
|
#~ "binarios, registrar salidas "
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "RTT"
|
|
#~ msgstr "TTR"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "HVC"
|
|
#~ msgstr "HVC"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid " to tell the firmware to power off the system:"
|
|
#~ msgstr " para decirle al firmware que apague el sistema:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```shell\n"
|
|
#~ "cargo add thiserror\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```shell\n"
|
|
#~ "cargo add thiserror\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```rust,compile_fail\n"
|
|
#~ "use reqwest::{blocking::Client, Url};\n"
|
|
#~ "use scraper::{Html, Selector};\n"
|
|
#~ "use thiserror::Error;\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "#[derive(Error, Debug)]\n"
|
|
#~ "enum Error {\n"
|
|
#~ " #[error(\"request error: {0}\")]\n"
|
|
#~ " ReqwestError(#[from] reqwest::Error),\n"
|
|
#~ " #[error(\"bad http response: {0}\")]\n"
|
|
#~ " BadResponse(String),\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n"
|
|
#~ "struct CrawlCommand {\n"
|
|
#~ " url: Url,\n"
|
|
#~ " extract_links: bool,\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "fn visit_page(client: &Client, command: &CrawlCommand) -> "
|
|
#~ "Result<Vec<Url>, Error> {\n"
|
|
#~ " println!(\"Checking {:#}\", command.url);\n"
|
|
#~ " let response = client.get(command.url.clone()).send()?;\n"
|
|
#~ " if !response.status().is_success() {\n"
|
|
#~ " return Err(Error::BadResponse(response.status().to_string()));\n"
|
|
#~ " }\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ " let mut link_urls = Vec::new();\n"
|
|
#~ " if !command.extract_links {\n"
|
|
#~ " return Ok(link_urls);\n"
|
|
#~ " }\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ " let base_url = response.url().to_owned();\n"
|
|
#~ " let body_text = response.text()?;\n"
|
|
#~ " let document = Html::parse_document(&body_text);\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ " let selector = Selector::parse(\"a\").unwrap();\n"
|
|
#~ " let href_values = document\n"
|
|
#~ " .select(&selector)\n"
|
|
#~ " .filter_map(|element| element.value().attr(\"href\"));\n"
|
|
#~ " for href in href_values {\n"
|
|
#~ " match base_url.join(href) {\n"
|
|
#~ " Ok(link_url) => {\n"
|
|
#~ " link_urls.push(link_url);\n"
|
|
#~ " }\n"
|
|
#~ " Err(err) => {\n"
|
|
#~ " println!(\"On {base_url:#}: ignored unparsable {href:?}: "
|
|
#~ "{err}\");\n"
|
|
#~ " }\n"
|
|
#~ " }\n"
|
|
#~ " }\n"
|
|
#~ " Ok(link_urls)\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "fn main() {\n"
|
|
#~ " let client = Client::new();\n"
|
|
#~ " let start_url = Url::parse(\"https://www.google.org\").unwrap();\n"
|
|
#~ " let crawl_command = CrawlCommand{ url: start_url, extract_links: "
|
|
#~ "true };\n"
|
|
#~ " match visit_page(&client, &crawl_command) {\n"
|
|
#~ " Ok(links) => println!(\"Links: {links:#?}\"),\n"
|
|
#~ " Err(err) => println!(\"Could not extract links: {err:#}\"),\n"
|
|
#~ " }\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```rust,compile_fail\n"
|
|
#~ "use reqwest::{blocking::Client, Url};\n"
|
|
#~ "use scraper::{Html, Selector};\n"
|
|
#~ "use thiserror::Error;\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "#[derive(Error, Debug)]\n"
|
|
#~ "enum Error {\n"
|
|
#~ " #[error(\"request error: {0}\")]\n"
|
|
#~ " ReqwestError(#[from] reqwest::Error),\n"
|
|
#~ " #[error(\"bad http response: {0}\")]\n"
|
|
#~ " BadResponse(String),\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n"
|
|
#~ "struct CrawlCommand {\n"
|
|
#~ " url: Url,\n"
|
|
#~ " extract_links: bool,\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "fn visit_page(client: &Client, command: &CrawlCommand) -> "
|
|
#~ "Result<Vec<Url>, Error> {\n"
|
|
#~ " println!(\"Checking {:#}\", command.url);\n"
|
|
#~ " let response = client.get(command.url.clone()).send()?;\n"
|
|
#~ " if !response.status().is_success() {\n"
|
|
#~ " return Err(Error::BadResponse(response.status().to_string()));\n"
|
|
#~ " }\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ " let mut link_urls = Vec::new();\n"
|
|
#~ " if !command.extract_links {\n"
|
|
#~ " return Ok(link_urls);\n"
|
|
#~ " }\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ " let base_url = response.url().to_owned();\n"
|
|
#~ " let body_text = response.text()?;\n"
|
|
#~ " let document = Html::parse_document(&body_text);\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ " let selector = Selector::parse(\"a\").unwrap();\n"
|
|
#~ " let href_values = document\n"
|
|
#~ " .select(&selector)\n"
|
|
#~ " .filter_map(|element| element.value().attr(\"href\"));\n"
|
|
#~ " for href in href_values {\n"
|
|
#~ " match base_url.join(href) {\n"
|
|
#~ " Ok(link_url) => {\n"
|
|
#~ " link_urls.push(link_url);\n"
|
|
#~ " }\n"
|
|
#~ " Err(err) => {\n"
|
|
#~ " println!(\"On {base_url:#}: ignored unparsable {href:?}: "
|
|
#~ "{err}\");\n"
|
|
#~ " }\n"
|
|
#~ " }\n"
|
|
#~ " }\n"
|
|
#~ " Ok(link_urls)\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "fn main() {\n"
|
|
#~ " let client = Client::new();\n"
|
|
#~ " let start_url = Url::parse(\"https://www.google.org\").unwrap();\n"
|
|
#~ " let crawl_command = CrawlCommand{ url: start_url, extract_links: "
|
|
#~ "true };\n"
|
|
#~ " match visit_page(&client, &crawl_command) {\n"
|
|
#~ " Ok(links) => println!(\"Links: {links:#?}\"),\n"
|
|
#~ " Err(err) => println!(\"Could not extract links: {err:#}\"),\n"
|
|
#~ " }\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```shell\n"
|
|
#~ "cargo run\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```shell\n"
|
|
#~ "cargo run\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n"
|
|
#~ "use futures::executor::block_on;\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "async fn count_to(count: i32) {\n"
|
|
#~ " for i in 1..=count {\n"
|
|
#~ " println!(\"Count is: {i}!\");\n"
|
|
#~ " }\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "async fn async_main(count: i32) {\n"
|
|
#~ " count_to(count).await;\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "fn main() {\n"
|
|
#~ " block_on(async_main(10));\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```rust,editable,compile_fail\n"
|
|
#~ "use futures::executor::block_on;\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "async fn count_to(count: i32) {\n"
|
|
#~ " for i in 1..=count {\n"
|
|
#~ " println!(\"Count is: {i}!\");\n"
|
|
#~ " }\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "async fn async_main(count: i32) {\n"
|
|
#~ " count_to(count).await;\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "\n"
|
|
#~ "fn main() {\n"
|
|
#~ " block_on(async_main(10));\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "When you await a future, all local variables (that would ordinarily be "
|
|
#~ "stored on a stack frame) are instead stored in the Future for the current "
|
|
#~ "async block. If your future has pointers to data on the stack, those "
|
|
#~ "pointers might get invalidated. This is unsafe."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Cuando esperas un futuro, todas las variables locales (que normalmente se "
|
|
#~ "almacenarían en un marco de pila) se almacenan en el futuro del bloque "
|
|
#~ "asíncrono. Si tu futuro tiene punteros en datos de la pila, podrían "
|
|
#~ "invalidarse. Es una acción insegura."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Therefore, you must guarantee that the addresses your future points to "
|
|
#~ "don't change. That is why we need to `pin` futures. Using the same future "
|
|
#~ "repeatedly in a `select!` often leads to issues with pinned values."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Por lo tanto, debes asegurarte de que las direcciones a las que apunta el "
|
|
#~ "futuro no cambien. Por ese motivo debemos fijar (`pin`) los futuros. Si "
|
|
#~ "se usa el mismo futuro varias veces en un `select!`, se suelen producir "
|
|
#~ "problemas en los valores fijados."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "You will find solutions to the exercises on the following pages."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "En las páginas siguientes encontrarás las soluciones a los ejercicios."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Feel free to ask questions about the solutions [on GitHub](https://github."
|
|
#~ "com/google/comprehensive-rust/discussions). Let us know if you have a "
|
|
#~ "different or better solution than what is presented here."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "No dudes en hacer preguntas sobre las soluciones [en GitHub](https://"
|
|
#~ "github.com/google/comprehensive-rust/discussions). Ponte en contacto con "
|
|
#~ "nosotros si tienes una solución distinta o mejor de la que se presenta "
|
|
#~ "aquí."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "**Note:** Please ignore the `// ANCHOR: label` and `// ANCHOR_END: label` "
|
|
#~ "comments you see in the solutions. They are there to make it possible to "
|
|
#~ "re-use parts of the solutions as the exercises."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "**Nota:** Ignora los comentarios `// ANCHOR: label` y `// ANCHOR_END: "
|
|
#~ "label` que aparecen en las soluciones. Están ahí para que sea posible "
|
|
#~ "reutilizar algunas partes de las soluciones de los ejercicios."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Day 1 Morning Exercises"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Día 1: Ejercicios de la Mañana"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "([back to exercise](for-loops.md))"
|
|
#~ msgstr "([Volver al ejercicio](for-loops.md))"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Bonus question"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Pregunta extra"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "It requires more advanced concepts. It might seem that we could use a "
|
|
#~ "slice-of-slices (`&[&[i32]]`) as the input type to transpose and thus "
|
|
#~ "make our function handle any size of matrix. However, this quickly breaks "
|
|
#~ "down: the return type cannot be `&[&[i32]]` since it needs to own the "
|
|
#~ "data you return."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Requiere conceptos más avanzados. Es posible que parezca que se puede "
|
|
#~ "utilizar un slice de slices (`&[&[i32]]`) como tipo de entrada para hacer "
|
|
#~ "una trasposición y así lograr que nuestra función controle cualquier "
|
|
#~ "tamaño de matriz. Sin embargo, esto se viene abajo rápidamente: el tipo "
|
|
#~ "de resultado devuelto no puede ser `&[&[i32]]`, ya que necesita ser el "
|
|
#~ "propietario de los datos que devuelve."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "You can attempt to use something like `Vec<Vec<i32>>`, but this doesn't "
|
|
#~ "work out-of-the-box either: it's hard to convert from `Vec<Vec<i32>>` to "
|
|
#~ "`&[&[i32]]` so now you cannot easily use `pretty_print` either."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Puedes probar a utilizar algo como `Vec<Vec<i32>>`, pero esto tampoco "
|
|
#~ "funciona desde el principio: es difícil cambiar de `Vec<Vec<i32>>` a "
|
|
#~ "`&[&[i32]]`, por lo que tampoco puedes usar `pretty_print` de forma "
|
|
#~ "sencilla."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Once we get to traits and generics, we'll be able to use the [`std::"
|
|
#~ "convert::AsRef`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.AsRef.html) "
|
|
#~ "trait to abstract over anything that can be referenced as a slice."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Una vez que veamos los traits y los genéricos, podremos usar el trait "
|
|
#~ "[`std::convert::AsRef`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.AsRef."
|
|
#~ "html) para abstraer cualquier elemento que se pueda referenciar, como un "
|
|
#~ "slice."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "In addition, the type itself would not enforce that the child slices are "
|
|
#~ "of the same length, so such variable could contain an invalid matrix."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Además, el propio tipo no requeriría que los slices secundarios fueran de "
|
|
#~ "la misma longitud, por lo que dicha variable podría contener una matriz "
|
|
#~ "no válida."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Day 1 Afternoon Exercises"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Día 1: Ejercicios de la Tarde"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "([back to exercise](luhn.md))"
|
|
#~ msgstr "([volver al ejercicio](luhn.md))"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Pattern matching"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Correspondencia de Patrones"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Day 2 Morning Exercises"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Día 2: Ejercicios de la Mañana"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Designing a Library"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Diseñando una Librería"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "([back to exercise](book-library.md))"
|
|
#~ msgstr "([volver al ejercicio](book-library.md))"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "([back to exercise](strings-iterators.md))"
|
|
#~ msgstr "([volver al ejercicio](strings-iterators.md))"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Day 3 Morning Exercise"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Día 3: Ejercicios de la mañana"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "([back to exercise](simple-gui.md))"
|
|
#~ msgstr "([volver al ejercicio](simple-gui.md))"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Day 3 Afternoon Exercises"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Día 3: Ejercicios de la Tarde"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "([back to exercise](safe-ffi-wrapper.md))"
|
|
#~ msgstr "([volver al ejercicio](safe-ffi-wrapper.md))"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Extra Work in Modern C++"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Trabajo adicional en C++ moderno"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "[WebsocketStream::next()](https://docs.rs/tokio-websockets/0.3.2/"
|
|
#~ "tokio_websockets/proto/struct.WebsocketStream.html#method.next): for "
|
|
#~ "asynchronously reading messages from a Websocket Stream."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "[WebsocketStream::next()](https://docs.rs/tokio-websockets/0.3.2/"
|
|
#~ "tokio_websockets/proto/struct.WebsocketStream.html#method.next): para la "
|
|
#~ "lectura asíncrona de mensajes de un flujo WebSocket."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Comparison"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Comparación"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "The course is fast paced and covers a lot of ground:"
|
|
#~ msgstr "El curso es rápido y abarca muchos temas:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Depending on which abstraction (or combination of abstractions) you "
|
|
#~ "choose, can be a single unique pointer, reference counted, or atomically "
|
|
#~ "reference counted."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Dependiendo de la abstracción (o combinación de abstracciones) que "
|
|
#~ "elijas, puede ser un solo puntero único, de referencia contada, o de "
|
|
#~ "referencia atómica contada."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Here is a rough comparison of the memory management techniques."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "A continuación, se muestra una comparación aproximada de las técnicas de "
|
|
#~ "gestión de la memoria."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Pros of Different Memory Management Techniques"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Ventajas de las diferentes técnicas de gestión de la memoria"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Manual like C:"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Manual, como en C:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "No runtime overhead."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Sin sobrecarga en _runtime_."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Automatic like Java:"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Automática, como en Java:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Fully automatic."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Totalmente automática."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Safe and correct."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Segura y correcta."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Scope-based like C++:"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Basada en el ámbito, como en C++:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Partially automatic."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Parcialmente automática."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Compiler-enforced scope-based like Rust:"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Basada en el ámbito e implementada por el compilador, como en Rust:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Enforced by compiler."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Implementada por el compilador."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Cons of Different Memory Management Techniques"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Inconvenientes de las diferentes técnicas de gestión de la memoria"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Use-after-free."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Errores use-after-free."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Double-frees."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Errores double free."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Memory leaks."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Pérdidas de memoria."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Garbage collection pauses."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Pausas en la recolección de memoria residual."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Destructor delays."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Retrasos del destructor."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Complex, opt-in by programmer (on C++)."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Compleja, habilitada por el programador (en C++)."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Circular references can lead to memory leaks"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Las referencias circulares pueden provocar pérdidas de memoria."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Potential runtime overhead"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Posible sobrecarga en _runtime_ "
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Compiler-enforced and scope-based like Rust:"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Implementada por el compilador y basada en el ámbito, como en Rust:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Some upfront complexity."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Cierta complejidad inicial."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Can reject valid programs."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Puede rechazar programas válidos."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Simple struct which tracks health statistics."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Estructura simple que hace un seguimiento de las estadísticas de salud."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Multiple structs and enums for a drawing library."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Varias estructuras y enumeraciones para una biblioteca de planos."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Day 4 Morning"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Día 4 Mañana"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "On Day 4, we will cover Android-specific things such as:"
|
|
#~ msgstr "En el Día 4, cubriremos cosas específicas a Android como:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "AIDL servers and clients."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Clientes y servidores AIDL. "
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Interoperability with C, C++, and Java."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Interoperabilidad con C, C++, y Java."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "It is important to note that this course does not cover Android "
|
|
#~ "**application** development in Rust, and that the Android-specific parts "
|
|
#~ "are specifically about writing code for Android itself, the operating "
|
|
#~ "system. "
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Es importante destacar que este curso no cubre desarrollo de "
|
|
#~ "**aplicaciones** Android en Rust, y que las partes específicas a Android "
|
|
#~ "son acerca de escribir código para Android en sí, el sistema operativo. "
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Learn how to use async Rust --- we'll only mention async Rust when "
|
|
#~ "covering traditional concurrency primitives. Please see [Asynchronous "
|
|
#~ "Programming in Rust](https://rust-lang.github.io/async-book/) instead for "
|
|
#~ "details on this topic."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Aprender cómo usar Rust asincrónico —solo mencionaremos Rust async "
|
|
#~ "cuando cubramos las primitivas de concurrencia tradicional. Por favor ver "
|
|
#~ "[Asynchronous Programming in Rust](https://rust-lang.github.io/async-"
|
|
#~ "book/) para más detalles."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Day 1: Basic Rust, ownership and the borrow checker."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Día 1: Rust Básico, propiedad y chequeo de préstamos."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Day 4: Concurrency in Rust and interoperability with other languages"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Día 4: Concurrencia en Rust e interoperatiblidad con otros lenguajes"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "**Exercise for Day 4:** Do you interface with some C/C++ code in your "
|
|
#~ "project which we could attempt to move to Rust? The fewer dependencies "
|
|
#~ "the better. Parsing code would be ideal."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "**Ejecicio del Día 4:** Comunicarte con alegan código C/C++ en tu "
|
|
#~ "proyecto que podrías migrar a Rust? Con menos dependencias es lo mejor. "
|
|
#~ "Parsear el código sería lo ideal."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Rustup (Recommended)"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Rustup (Recomendado)"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "You can follow the instructions to install cargo and rust compiler, among "
|
|
#~ "other standard ecosystem tools with the [rustup](https://rustup.rs/) "
|
|
#~ "tool, which is maintained by the Rust Foundation."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Puedes seguir las instrucciones para instalar cargo y el compilador de "
|
|
#~ "Rust, además de otras herramientas estándar con la herramienta [rustup]"
|
|
#~ "(https://rust-analyzer.github.io/), que es mantenida por la Fundación "
|
|
#~ "Rust."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Package Managers"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Package Managers"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "}"
|
|
#~ msgstr "}"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```rust,editable\n"
|
|
#~ "fn main() {\n"
|
|
#~ " fizzbuzz_to(20); // Defined below, no forward declaration needed\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```rust,editable\n"
|
|
#~ "fn main() {\n"
|
|
#~ " fizzbuzz_to(20); // Definida abajo, no necesitas declararla antes\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "fn fizzbuzz(n: u32) -> () { // No return value means returning the unit "
|
|
#~ "type `()` match (is_divisible_by(n, 3), is_divisible_by(n, 5)) { (true, "
|
|
#~ "true) => println!(\"fizzbuzz\"), (true, false) => println!(\"fizz\"), "
|
|
#~ "(false, true) => println!(\"buzz\"), (false, false) => println!"
|
|
#~ "(\"{n}\"), } }"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "fn fizzbuzz(n: u32) -> () { // No devolver valor implica devolver un "
|
|
#~ "tipo unit `()` match (is_divisible_by(n, 3), is_divisible_by(n, 5)) "
|
|
#~ "{ (true, true) => println!(\"fizzbuzz\"), (true, false) => println!"
|
|
#~ "(\"fizz\"), (false, true) => println!(\"buzz\"), (false, false) => "
|
|
#~ "println!(\"{n}\"), } }"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "fn fizzbuzz_to(n: u32) { // `-> ()` is normally omitted for i in 1..=n "
|
|
#~ "{ fizzbuzz(i); } }"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "fn fizzbuzz_to(n: u32) { // `-> ()` por lo general se omite for i in 1.."
|
|
#~ "=n { fizzbuzz(i); } }"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "The `match` expression in `fizzbuzz()` is doing a lot of work. It is "
|
|
#~ "expanded below to show what is happening."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Los `match` en `fizzbuzz()` hacen mucho. Se detalla debajo."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "(Type annotations added for clarity, but they can be elided.)"
|
|
#~ msgstr "(Las anotaciones dan claridad, pero se pueden omitir)"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```rust,editable\n"
|
|
#~ "fn pick_one<T>(a: T, b: T) -> T {\n"
|
|
#~ " if std::process::id() % 2 == 0 { a } else { b }\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```rust,editable\n"
|
|
#~ "fn elegir_uno<T>(a: T, b: T) -> T {\n"
|
|
#~ " if std::process::id() % 2 == 0 { a } else { b }\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```\n"
|
|
#~ "print!(\"Iterating over range:\");\n"
|
|
#~ "for i in 0..3 {\n"
|
|
#~ " print!(\" {}\", array[i]);\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "println!();\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```\n"
|
|
#~ "print!(\"Iterando sobre el rango:\");\n"
|
|
#~ "for i in 0..3 {\n"
|
|
#~ " print!(\" {}\", array[i]);\n"
|
|
#~ "}\n"
|
|
#~ "println!();\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "Note that since `println!` is a macro, `x` is not moved, even using the "
|
|
#~ "function like syntax of `println!(\"x: {}\", x)`"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Nota que a partir que `println!` es una macro, `x` no se mueve, incluso "
|
|
#~ "usando una función como `println!(\"x: {}\", x)`"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Global state is managed with static and constant variables."
|
|
#~ msgstr "El estado global es manejado con variables estáticas y constantes."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "You can declare compile-time constants:"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Puedes declarar constantes en tiempo de compilación:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "fn main() { let digest = compute_digest(\"Hello\"); println!(\"Digest: "
|
|
#~ "{digest:?}\"); }"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "fn main() { let digest = compute_digest(\"Hola\"); println!(\"Digest: "
|
|
#~ "{digest:?}\"); }"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "You can also declare static variables:"
|
|
#~ msgstr "También puedes declarar variables estáticas:"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "We will look at mutating static data in the [chapter on Unsafe Rust](../"
|
|
#~ "unsafe.md)."
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "Veremos cambiar datos estáticos en el [capítulo Rust No Seguro](../unsafe."
|
|
#~ "md)."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Potential for use-after-free."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Potencial de use-after-free."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "The data was _moved_ from `s1` and `s1` is no longer accessible."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Los datos se mueven de `s1` y `s2` si no se accede más."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "fn main() { let p1 = Point(3, 4); let p2 = Point(10, 20); let p3 = "
|
|
#~ "add(&p1, &p2); println!(\"&p3.0: {:p}\", &p3.0); println!(\"{p1:?} + "
|
|
#~ "{p2:?} = {p3:?}\"); }"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "fn main() { let p1 = Point(3, 4); let p2 = Point(10, 20); let p3 = "
|
|
#~ "add(&p1, &p2); println!(\"&p3.0: {:p}\", &p3.0); println!(\"{p1:?} + "
|
|
#~ "{p2:?} = {p3:?}\"); }"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "```rust,ignore\n"
|
|
#~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n"
|
|
#~ "struct Point(i32, i32);\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "```rust,ignore\n"
|
|
#~ "#[derive(Debug)]\n"
|
|
#~ "struct Point(i32, i32);\n"
|
|
#~ "```"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "A small book library,"
|
|
#~ msgstr "Un pequeño libro de biblioteca,"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid "Iterators and ownership (hard)."
|
|
#~ msgstr "Iteradores y propiedad (difícil)."
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "impl Book { // This is a constructor, used below. fn new(title: &str, "
|
|
#~ "year: u16) -> Book { Book { title: String::from(title), year, } } }"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "impl Book { // Este es el constructor, usado debajo. fn new(title: &str, "
|
|
#~ "year: u16) -> Book { Book { title: String::from(title), year, } } }"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "// This makes it possible to print Book values with {}. impl std::fmt::"
|
|
#~ "Display for Book { fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter\\<'\\_\\>) -"
|
|
#~ "> std::fmt::Result { write!(f, \"{} ({})\", self.title, self.year) } }"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "// Esto hace posible imprimir valores del libro con {}. impl std::fmt::"
|
|
#~ "Display for Book { fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter\\<'\\_\\>) -"
|
|
#~ "> std::fmt::Result { write!(f, \"{} ({})\", self.title, self.year) } }"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "// This shows the desired behavior. Uncomment the code below and // "
|
|
#~ "implement the missing methods. You will need to update the // method "
|
|
#~ "signatures, including the \"self\" parameter! You may // also need to "
|
|
#~ "update the variable bindings within main. fn main() { let library = "
|
|
#~ "Library::new();"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "// Esto muestra el estado deseado. Descomenta el código debajo e // "
|
|
#~ "implementa el método que falta. Puedes necesitar actualizar el // signo "
|
|
#~ "del método, incluyendo el parámetro \"self\". También fn main() { let "
|
|
#~ "library = Library::new();"
|
|
|
|
#~ msgid ""
|
|
#~ "impl Person { fn say_hello(&self) { println!(\"Hello, my name is {}\", "
|
|
#~ "self.name); } }"
|
|
#~ msgstr ""
|
|
#~ "impl Person { fn say_hello(&self) { println!(\"Hola, mi nombre es {}\", "
|
|
#~ "self.name); } }"
|