FFmpeg/libavformat/dvenc.c

/*
 * General DV muxer/demuxer
 * Copyright (c) 2003 Roman Shaposhnik
 *
 * Many thanks to Dan Dennedy <dan@dennedy.org> for providing wealth
 * of DV technical info.
 *
 * Raw DV format
 * Copyright (c) 2002 Fabrice Bellard
 *
 * 50 Mbps (DVCPRO50) support
 * Copyright (c) 2006 Daniel Maas <dmaas@maasdigital.com>
 *
 * This file is part of FFmpeg.
 *
 * FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
 */
#include <time.h>

#include "libavutil/time_internal.h"
#include "avformat.h"
#include "internal.h"
#include "libavcodec/dv_profile.h"
#include "libavcodec/dv.h"
#include "dv.h"
#include "libavutil/avassert.h"
#include "libavutil/fifo.h"
#include "libavutil/mathematics.h"
#include "libavutil/intreadwrite.h"
#include "libavutil/opt.h"
#include "libavutil/timecode.h"

#define MAX_AUDIO_FRAME_SIZE 192000 // 1 second of 48khz 32-bit audio

struct DVMuxContext {
    AVClass          *av_class;
    const AVDVProfile*  sys;           /* current DV profile, e.g.: 525/60, 625/50 */
    int               n_ast;         /* number of stereo audio streams (up to 2) */
    AVStream         *ast[4];        /* stereo audio streams */
    AVFifoBuffer     *audio_data[4]; /* FIFO for storing excessive amounts of PCM */
    int               frames;        /* current frame number */
    int64_t           start_time;    /* recording start time */
    int               has_audio;     /* frame under construction has audio */
    int               has_video;     /* frame under construction has video */
    uint8_t           frame_buf[DV_MAX_FRAME_SIZE]; /* frame under construction */
    AVTimecode        tc;            /* timecode context */
};

static const int dv_aaux_packs_dist[12][9] = {
    { 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x50, 0x51, 0x52, 0x53, 0xff, 0xff },
    { 0x50, 0x51, 0x52, 0x53, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff },
    { 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x50, 0x51, 0x52, 0x53, 0xff, 0xff },
    { 0x50, 0x51, 0x52, 0x53, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff },
    { 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x50, 0x51, 0x52, 0x53, 0xff, 0xff },
    { 0x50, 0x51, 0x52, 0x53, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff },
    { 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x50, 0x51, 0x52, 0x53, 0xff, 0xff },
    { 0x50, 0x51, 0x52, 0x53, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff },
    { 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x50, 0x51, 0x52, 0x53, 0xff, 0xff },
    { 0x50, 0x51, 0x52, 0x53, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff },
    { 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0x50, 0x51, 0x52, 0x53, 0xff, 0xff },
    { 0x50, 0x51, 0x52, 0x53, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff },
};

static void brktimegm(time_t secs, struct tm *tm)
{
    tm = gmtime_r(&secs, tm);

    tm->tm_year += 1900; /* unlike gmtime_r we store complete year here */
    tm->tm_mon  += 1;    /* unlike gmtime_r tm_mon is from 1 to 12 */
}

static int dv_audio_frame_size(const AVDVProfile* sys, int frame, int sample_rate)
{
    if ((sys->time_base.den == 25 || sys->time_base.den == 50) && sys->time_base.num == 1) {
        if      (sample_rate == 32000) return 1280;
        else if (sample_rate == 44100) return 1764;
        else                           return 1920;
    }

    av_assert0(sample_rate == 48000);

    return sys->audio_samples_dist[frame % (sizeof(sys->audio_samples_dist) /
                                            sizeof(sys->audio_samples_dist[0]))];
}

static int dv_write_pack(enum dv_pack_type pack_id, DVMuxContext *c, uint8_t* buf, int channel, int seq)
{
    struct tm tc;
    time_t ct;
    uint32_t timecode;
    int audio_type = 0;

    buf[0] = (uint8_t)pack_id;
    switch (pack_id) {
    case dv_timecode:
        timecode  = av_timecode_get_smpte_from_framenum(&c->tc, c->frames);
        timecode |= 1<<23 | 1<<15 | 1<<7 | 1<<6; // biphase and binary group flags
        AV_WB32(buf + 1, timecode);
        break;
    case dv_audio_source:  /* AAUX source pack */
        if (c->ast[channel]->codecpar->sample_rate == 44100) {
            audio_type = 1;
        } else if (c->ast[channel]->codecpar->sample_rate == 32000)
            audio_type = 2;
        buf[1] = (1 << 7) | /* locked mode -- SMPTE only supports locked mode */
                 (1 << 6) | /* reserved -- always 1 */
                 (dv_audio_frame_size(c->sys, c->frames, c->ast[channel]->codecpar->sample_rate) -
                  c->sys->audio_min_samples[audio_type]);
                            /* # of samples      */
        buf[2] = (0 << 7) | /* multi-stereo      */
                 (0 << 5) | /* #of audio channels per block: 0 -- 1 channel */
                 (0 << 4) | /* pair bit: 0 -- one pair of channels */
                 (seq >= c->sys->difseg_size/2); /* audio mode (1st or 2nd channel) */
        buf[3] = (1 << 7) | /* res               */
                 (1 << 6) | /* multi-language flag */
                 (c->sys->dsf << 5) | /*  system: 60fields/50fields */
                 (DV_PROFILE_IS_HD(c->sys) ? 0x3 : c->sys->video_stype ? 2 : 0); /* stype */
        buf[4] = (1 << 7) | /* emphasis: 1 -- off */
                 (0 << 6) | /* emphasis time constant: 0 -- reserved */
                 (audio_type << 3) | /* frequency: 0 -- 48kHz, 1 -- 44,1kHz, 2 -- 32kHz */
                  0;        /* quantization: 0 -- 16-bit linear, 1 -- 12-bit nonlinear */

        break;
    case dv_audio_control:
        buf[1] = (0 << 6) | /* copy protection: 0 -- unrestricted */
                 (1 << 4) | /* input source: 1 -- digital input */
                 (3 << 2) | /* compression: 3 -- no information */
                  0;        /* misc. info/SMPTE emphasis off */
        buf[2] = (1 << 7) | /* recording start point: 1 -- no */
                 (1 << 6) | /* recording end point: 1 -- no */
                 (1 << 3) | /* recording mode: 1 -- original */
                  7;
        buf[3] = (1 << 7) | /* direction: 1 -- forward */
                 (c->sys->pix_fmt == AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P ? 0x20 : /* speed */
                                                       c->sys->ltc_divisor * 4);
        buf[4] = (1 << 7) | /* reserved -- always 1 */
                  0x7f;     /* genre category */
        break;
    case dv_audio_recdate:
    case dv_video_recdate:  /* VAUX recording date */
        ct = c->start_time + av_rescale_rnd(c->frames, c->sys->time_base.num,
                                            c->sys->time_base.den, AV_ROUND_DOWN);
        brktimegm(ct, &tc);
        buf[1] = 0xff; /* ds, tm, tens of time zone, units of time zone */
                       /* 0xff is very likely to be "unknown" */
        buf[2] = (3 << 6) | /* reserved -- always 1 */
                 ((tc.tm_mday / 10) << 4) | /* Tens of day */
                 (tc.tm_mday % 10);         /* Units of day */
        buf[3] = /* we set high 4 bits to 0, shouldn't we set them to week? */
                 ((tc.tm_mon / 10) << 4) |    /* Tens of month */
                 (tc.tm_mon  % 10);           /* Units of month */
        buf[4] = (((tc.tm_year % 100) / 10) << 4) | /* Tens of year */
                 (tc.tm_year % 10);                 /* Units of year */
        break;
    case dv_audio_rectime:  /* AAUX recording time */
    case dv_video_rectime:  /* VAUX recording time */
        ct = c->start_time + av_rescale_rnd(c->frames, c->sys->time_base.num,
                                                       c->sys->time_base.den, AV_ROUND_DOWN);
        brktimegm(ct, &tc);
        buf[1] = (3 << 6) | /* reserved -- always 1 */
                 0x3f; /* tens of frame, units of frame: 0x3f - "unknown" ? */
        buf[2] = (1 << 7) | /* reserved -- always 1 */
                 ((tc.tm_sec / 10) << 4) | /* Tens of seconds */
                 (tc.tm_sec % 10);         /* Units of seconds */
        buf[3] = (1 << 7) | /* reserved -- always 1 */
                 ((tc.tm_min / 10) << 4) | /* Tens of minutes */
                 (tc.tm_min % 10);         /* Units of minutes */
        buf[4] = (3 << 6) | /* reserved -- always 1 */
                 ((tc.tm_hour / 10) << 4) | /* Tens of hours */
                 (tc.tm_hour % 10);         /* Units of hours */
        break;
    default:
        buf[1] = buf[2] = buf[3] = buf[4] = 0xff;
    }
    return 5;
}

static void dv_inject_audio(DVMuxContext *c, int channel, uint8_t* frame_ptr)
{
    int i, j, d, of, size;
    size = 4 * dv_audio_frame_size(c->sys, c->frames, c->ast[channel]->codecpar->sample_rate);
    frame_ptr += channel * c->sys->difseg_size * 150 * 80;
    for (i = 0; i < c->sys->difseg_size; i++) {
        frame_ptr += 6 * 80; /* skip DIF segment header */
        for (j = 0; j < 9; j++) {
            dv_write_pack(dv_aaux_packs_dist[i][j], c, &frame_ptr[3], channel, i);
            for (d = 8; d < 80; d+=2) {
                of = c->sys->audio_shuffle[i][j] + (d - 8)/2 * c->sys->audio_stride;
                if (of*2 >= size)
                    continue;

                frame_ptr[d]   = *av_fifo_peek2(c->audio_data[channel], of*2+1); // FIXME: maybe we have to admit
                frame_ptr[d+1] = *av_fifo_peek2(c->audio_data[channel], of*2);   //        that DV is a big-endian PCM
            }
            frame_ptr += 16 * 80; /* 15 Video DIFs + 1 Audio DIF */
        }
    }
}

static void dv_inject_metadata(DVMuxContext *c, uint8_t* frame)
{
    int j, k;
    uint8_t* buf;
    int seq = 0;

    for (buf = frame; buf < frame + c->sys->frame_size; buf += 150 * 80, seq++) {
        /* DV subcode: 2nd and 3d DIFs */
        for (j = 80; j < 80 * 3; j += 80) {
            for (k = 6; k < 6 * 8; k += 8)
                dv_write_pack(dv_timecode, c, &buf[j+k], 0, seq);

            if (((long)(buf-frame)/(c->sys->frame_size/(c->sys->difseg_size*c->sys->n_difchan))%c->sys->difseg_size) > 5) { /* FIXME: is this really needed ? */
                dv_write_pack(dv_video_recdate, c, &buf[j+14], 0, seq);
                dv_write_pack(dv_video_rectime, c, &buf[j+22], 0, seq);
                dv_write_pack(dv_video_recdate, c, &buf[j+38], 0, seq);
                dv_write_pack(dv_video_rectime, c, &buf[j+46], 0, seq);
            }
        }

        /* DV VAUX: 4th, 5th and 6th 3DIFs */
        for (j = 80*3 + 3; j < 80*6; j += 80) {
            dv_write_pack(dv_video_recdate, c, &buf[j+5* 2], 0, seq);
            dv_write_pack(dv_video_rectime, c, &buf[j+5* 3], 0, seq);
            dv_write_pack(dv_video_recdate, c, &buf[j+5*11], 0, seq);
            dv_write_pack(dv_video_rectime, c, &buf[j+5*12], 0, seq);
        }
    }
}

/*
 * The following 3 functions constitute our interface to the world
 */

static int dv_assemble_frame(AVFormatContext *s,
                             DVMuxContext *c, AVStream* st,
                             uint8_t* data, int data_size, uint8_t** frame)
{
    int i, reqasize;

    *frame = &c->frame_buf[0];

    switch (st->codecpar->codec_type) {
    case AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO:
        /* FIXME: we have to have more sensible approach than this one */
        if (c->has_video)
            av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Can't process DV frame #%d. Insufficient audio data or severe sync problem.\n", c->frames);
        if (data_size != c->sys->frame_size) {
            av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Unexpected frame size, %d != %d\n",
                   data_size, c->sys->frame_size);
            return AVERROR(ENOSYS);
        }

        memcpy(*frame, data, c->sys->frame_size);
        c->has_video = 1;
        break;
    case AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO:
        for (i = 0; i < c->n_ast && st != c->ast[i]; i++);

          /* FIXME: we have to have more sensible approach than this one */
        if (av_fifo_size(c->audio_data[i]) + data_size >= 100*MAX_AUDIO_FRAME_SIZE)
            av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Can't process DV frame #%d. Insufficient video data or severe sync problem.\n", c->frames);
        av_fifo_generic_write(c->audio_data[i], data, data_size, NULL);

        reqasize = 4 * dv_audio_frame_size(c->sys, c->frames, st->codecpar->sample_rate);

        /* Let us see if we've got enough audio for one DV frame. */
        c->has_audio |= ((reqasize <= av_fifo_size(c->audio_data[i])) << i);

        break;
    default:
        break;
    }

    /* Let us see if we have enough data to construct one DV frame. */
    if (c->has_video == 1 && c->has_audio + 1 == 1 << c->n_ast) {
        dv_inject_metadata(c, *frame);
        c->has_audio = 0;
        for (i=0; i < c->n_ast; i++) {
            dv_inject_audio(c, i, *frame);
            reqasize = 4 * dv_audio_frame_size(c->sys, c->frames, c->ast[i]->codecpar->sample_rate);
            av_fifo_drain(c->audio_data[i], reqasize);
            c->has_audio |= ((reqasize <= av_fifo_size(c->audio_data[i])) << i);
        }

        c->has_video = 0;

        c->frames++;

        return c->sys->frame_size;
    }

    return 0;
}

static DVMuxContext* dv_init_mux(AVFormatContext* s)
{
    DVMuxContext *c = s->priv_data;
    AVStream *vst = NULL;
    int i;

    /* we support at most 1 video and 2 audio streams */
    if (s->nb_streams > 5)
        return NULL;

    /* We have to sort out where audio and where video stream is */
    for (i=0; i<s->nb_streams; i++) {
        AVStream *st = s->streams[i];
        switch (st->codecpar->codec_type) {
        case AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO:
            if (vst) return NULL;
            if (st->codecpar->codec_id != AV_CODEC_ID_DVVIDEO)
                goto bail_out;
            vst = st;
            break;
        case AVMEDIA_TYPE_AUDIO:
            if (c->n_ast > 1) return NULL;
            /* Some checks -- DV format is very picky about its incoming streams */
            if(st->codecpar->codec_id    != AV_CODEC_ID_PCM_S16LE ||
               st->codecpar->channels    != 2)
                goto bail_out;
            if (st->codecpar->sample_rate != 48000 &&
                st->codecpar->sample_rate != 44100 &&
                st->codecpar->sample_rate != 32000    )
                goto bail_out;
            c->ast[c->n_ast++] = st;
            break;
        default:
            goto bail_out;
        }
    }

    if (!vst)
        goto bail_out;

    c->sys = av_dv_codec_profile2(vst->codecpar->width, vst->codecpar->height,
                                  vst->codecpar->format, vst->time_base);
    if (!c->sys)
        goto bail_out;

    if ((c->sys->time_base.den != 25 && c->sys->time_base.den != 50) || c->sys->time_base.num != 1) {
        if (c->ast[0] && c->ast[0]->codecpar->sample_rate != 48000)
            goto bail_out;
        if (c->ast[1] && c->ast[1]->codecpar->sample_rate != 48000)
            goto bail_out;
    }

    if (((c->n_ast > 1) && (c->sys->n_difchan < 2)) ||
        ((c->n_ast > 2) && (c->sys->n_difchan < 4))) {
        /* only 2 stereo pairs allowed in 50Mbps mode */
        goto bail_out;
    }

    /* Ok, everything seems to be in working order */
    c->frames     = 0;
    c->has_audio  = 0;
    c->has_video  = 0;
    ff_parse_creation_time_metadata(s, &c->start_time, 1);

    for (i=0; i < c->n_ast; i++) {
        if (c->ast[i] && !(c->audio_data[i]=av_fifo_alloc_array(100, MAX_AUDIO_FRAME_SIZE))) {
            goto bail_out;
        }
    }

    return c;

bail_out:
    return NULL;
}

static int dv_write_header(AVFormatContext *s)
{
    AVRational rate;
    DVMuxContext *dvc = s->priv_data;
    AVDictionaryEntry *tcr = av_dict_get(s->metadata, "timecode", NULL, 0);

    if (!dv_init_mux(s)) {
        av_log(s, AV_LOG_ERROR, "Can't initialize DV format!\n"
                    "Make sure that you supply exactly two streams:\n"
                    "     video: 25fps or 29.97fps, audio: 2ch/48|44|32kHz/PCM\n"
                    "     (50Mbps allows an optional second audio stream)\n");
        return -1;
    }
    rate.num = dvc->sys->ltc_divisor;
    rate.den = 1;
    if (!tcr) { // no global timecode, look into the streams
        int i;
        for (i = 0; i < s->nb_streams; i++) {
            tcr = av_dict_get(s->streams[i]->metadata, "timecode", NULL, 0);
            if (tcr)
                break;
        }
    }
    if (tcr && av_timecode_init_from_string(&dvc->tc, rate, tcr->value, s) >= 0)
        return 0;
    return av_timecode_init(&dvc->tc, rate, 0, 0, s);
}

static int dv_write_packet(struct AVFormatContext *s, AVPacket *pkt)
{
    uint8_t* frame;
    int fsize;

    fsize = dv_assemble_frame(s, s->priv_data, s->streams[pkt->stream_index],
                              pkt->data, pkt->size, &frame);
    if (fsize < 0) {
        return fsize;
    }
    avio_write(s->pb, frame, fsize);
    return 0;
}

/*
 * We might end up with some extra A/V data without matching counterpart.
 * E.g. video data without enough audio to write the complete frame.
 * Currently we simply drop the last frame. I don't know whether this
 * is the best strategy of all
 */
static void dv_deinit(AVFormatContext *s)
{
    DVMuxContext *c = s->priv_data;

    for (int i = 0; i < c->n_ast; i++)
        av_fifo_freep(&c->audio_data[i]);
}

const AVOutputFormat ff_dv_muxer = {
    .name              = "dv",
    .long_name         = NULL_IF_CONFIG_SMALL("DV (Digital Video)"),
    .extensions        = "dv",
    .priv_data_size    = sizeof(DVMuxContext),
    .audio_codec       = AV_CODEC_ID_PCM_S16LE,
    .video_codec       = AV_CODEC_ID_DVVIDEO,
    .write_header      = dv_write_header,
    .write_packet      = dv_write_packet,
    .deinit            = dv_deinit,
};