avutil/threadmessage: split the pthread condition in two

Fix a dead lock under certain conditions. Let's assume we have a queue of 1
message max, 2 senders, and 1 receiver.

Scenario (real record obtained with debug added):
    [...]
    SENDER #0: acquired lock
    SENDER #0: queue is full, wait
    SENDER #1: acquired lock
    SENDER #1: queue is full, wait
    RECEIVER: acquired lock
    RECEIVER: reading a msg from the queue
    RECEIVER: signal the cond
    RECEIVER: acquired lock
    RECEIVER: queue is empty, wait
    SENDER #0: writing a msg the queue
    SENDER #0: signal the cond
    SENDER #0: acquired lock
    SENDER #0: queue is full, wait
    SENDER #1: queue is full, wait

Translated:
 - initially the queue contains 1/1 message with 2 senders blocking on
   it, waiting to push another message.
 - Meanwhile the receiver is obtaining the lock, read the message,
   signal & release the lock. For some reason it is able to acquire the
   lock again before the signal wakes up one of the sender. Since it
   just emptied the queue, the reader waits for the queue to fill up
   again.
 - The signal finally reaches one of the sender, which writes a message
   and then signal the condition. Unfortunately, instead of waking up
   the reader, it actually wakes up the other worker (signal = notify
   the condition just for 1 waiter), who can't push another message in
   the queue because it's full.
 - Meanwhile, the receiver is still waiting. Deadlock.

This scenario can be triggered with for example:
    tests/api/api-threadmessage-test 1 2 100 100 1 1000 1000

One working solution is to make av_thread_message_queue_{send,recv}()
call pthread_cond_broadcast() instead of pthread_cond_signal() so both
senders and receivers are unlocked when work is done (be it reading or
writing).

This second solution replaces the condition with two: one to notify the
senders, and one to notify the receivers. This prevents senders from
notifying other senders instead of a reader, and the other way around.
It also avoid broadcasting to everyone like the first solution, and is,
as a result in theory more optimized.

libavutil/threadmessage.c

@@ -36,7 +36,8 @@ struct AVThreadMessageQueue {
 #if HAVE_THREADS
     AVFifoBuffer *fifo;
     pthread_mutex_t lock;
-    pthread_cond_t cond;
+    pthread_cond_t cond_recv;
+    pthread_cond_t cond_send;
     int err_send;
     int err_recv;
     unsigned elsize;
@@ -62,13 +63,20 @@ int av_thread_message_queue_alloc(AVThreadMessageQueue **mq,
         av_free(rmq);
         return AVERROR(ret);
     }
-    if ((ret = pthread_cond_init(&rmq->cond, NULL))) {
+    if ((ret = pthread_cond_init(&rmq->cond_recv, NULL))) {
+        pthread_mutex_destroy(&rmq->lock);
+        av_free(rmq);
+        return AVERROR(ret);
+    }
+    if ((ret = pthread_cond_init(&rmq->cond_send, NULL))) {
+        pthread_cond_destroy(&rmq->cond_recv);
         pthread_mutex_destroy(&rmq->lock);
         av_free(rmq);
         return AVERROR(ret);
     }
     if (!(rmq->fifo = av_fifo_alloc(elsize * nelem))) {
-        pthread_cond_destroy(&rmq->cond);
+        pthread_cond_destroy(&rmq->cond_send);
+        pthread_cond_destroy(&rmq->cond_recv);
         pthread_mutex_destroy(&rmq->lock);
         av_free(rmq);
         return AVERROR(ret);
@@ -94,7 +102,8 @@ void av_thread_message_queue_free(AVThreadMessageQueue **mq)
     if (*mq) {
         av_thread_message_flush(*mq);
         av_fifo_freep(&(*mq)->fifo);
-        pthread_cond_destroy(&(*mq)->cond);
+        pthread_cond_destroy(&(*mq)->cond_send);
+        pthread_cond_destroy(&(*mq)->cond_recv);
         pthread_mutex_destroy(&(*mq)->lock);
         av_freep(mq);
     }
@@ -110,12 +119,13 @@ static int av_thread_message_queue_send_locked(AVThreadMessageQueue *mq,
     while (!mq->err_send && av_fifo_space(mq->fifo) < mq->elsize) {
         if ((flags & AV_THREAD_MESSAGE_NONBLOCK))
             return AVERROR(EAGAIN);
-        pthread_cond_wait(&mq->cond, &mq->lock);
+        pthread_cond_wait(&mq->cond_send, &mq->lock);
     }
     if (mq->err_send)
         return mq->err_send;
     av_fifo_generic_write(mq->fifo, msg, mq->elsize, NULL);
-    pthread_cond_signal(&mq->cond);
+    /* one message is sent, signal one receiver */
+    pthread_cond_signal(&mq->cond_recv);
     return 0;
 }
 
@@ -126,12 +136,13 @@ static int av_thread_message_queue_recv_locked(AVThreadMessageQueue *mq,
     while (!mq->err_recv && av_fifo_size(mq->fifo) < mq->elsize) {
         if ((flags & AV_THREAD_MESSAGE_NONBLOCK))
             return AVERROR(EAGAIN);
-        pthread_cond_wait(&mq->cond, &mq->lock);
+        pthread_cond_wait(&mq->cond_recv, &mq->lock);
     }
     if (av_fifo_size(mq->fifo) < mq->elsize)
         return mq->err_recv;
     av_fifo_generic_read(mq->fifo, msg, mq->elsize, NULL);
-    pthread_cond_signal(&mq->cond);
+    /* one message space appeared, signal one sender */
+    pthread_cond_signal(&mq->cond_send);
     return 0;
 }
 
@@ -175,7 +186,7 @@ void av_thread_message_queue_set_err_send(AVThreadMessageQueue *mq,
 #if HAVE_THREADS
     pthread_mutex_lock(&mq->lock);
     mq->err_send = err;
-    pthread_cond_broadcast(&mq->cond);
+    pthread_cond_broadcast(&mq->cond_send);
     pthread_mutex_unlock(&mq->lock);
 #endif /* HAVE_THREADS */
 }
@@ -186,7 +197,7 @@ void av_thread_message_queue_set_err_recv(AVThreadMessageQueue *mq,
 #if HAVE_THREADS
     pthread_mutex_lock(&mq->lock);
     mq->err_recv = err;
-    pthread_cond_broadcast(&mq->cond);
+    pthread_cond_broadcast(&mq->cond_recv);
     pthread_mutex_unlock(&mq->lock);
 #endif /* HAVE_THREADS */
 }
@@ -209,7 +220,9 @@ void av_thread_message_flush(AVThreadMessageQueue *mq)
         for (off = 0; off < used; off += mq->elsize)
             av_fifo_generic_peek_at(mq->fifo, mq, off, mq->elsize, free_func_wrap);
     av_fifo_drain(mq->fifo, used);
-    pthread_cond_broadcast(&mq->cond);
+    /* only the senders need to be notified since the queue is empty and there
+     * is nothing to read */
+    pthread_cond_broadcast(&mq->cond_send);
     pthread_mutex_unlock(&mq->lock);
 #endif /* HAVE_THREADS */
 }