diff --git a/libavcodec/xxan.c b/libavcodec/xxan.c
index 74463051e6..d77a50fd3f 100644
--- a/libavcodec/xxan.c
+++ b/libavcodec/xxan.c
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 
 typedef struct XanContext {
     AVCodecContext *avctx;
-    AVFrame pic;
+    AVFrame *pic;
 
     uint8_t *y_buffer;
     uint8_t *scratch_buffer;
@@ -38,6 +38,18 @@ typedef struct XanContext {
     GetByteContext gb;
 } XanContext;
 
+static av_cold int xan_decode_end(AVCodecContext *avctx)
+{
+    XanContext *s = avctx->priv_data;
+
+    av_frame_free(&s->pic);
+
+    av_freep(&s->y_buffer);
+    av_freep(&s->scratch_buffer);
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
 static av_cold int xan_decode_init(AVCodecContext *avctx)
 {
     XanContext *s = avctx->priv_data;
@@ -65,6 +77,12 @@ static av_cold int xan_decode_init(AVCodecContext *avctx)
         return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
     }
 
+    s->pic = av_frame_alloc();
+    if (!s->pic) {
+        xan_decode_end(avctx);
+        return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
+    }
+
     return 0;
 }
 
@@ -199,8 +217,8 @@ static int xan_decode_chroma(AVCodecContext *avctx, unsigned chroma_off)
         return dec_size;
     }
 
-    U = s->pic.data[1];
-    V = s->pic.data[2];
+    U = s->pic->data[1];
+    V = s->pic->data[2];
     src     = s->scratch_buffer;
     src_end = src + dec_size;
     if (mode) {
@@ -217,16 +235,16 @@ static int xan_decode_chroma(AVCodecContext *avctx, unsigned chroma_off)
                 if (src == src_end)
                     return 0;
             }
-            U += s->pic.linesize[1];
-            V += s->pic.linesize[2];
+            U += s->pic->linesize[1];
+            V += s->pic->linesize[2];
         }
         if (avctx->height & 1) {
-            memcpy(U, U - s->pic.linesize[1], avctx->width >> 1);
-            memcpy(V, V - s->pic.linesize[2], avctx->width >> 1);
+            memcpy(U, U - s->pic->linesize[1], avctx->width >> 1);
+            memcpy(V, V - s->pic->linesize[2], avctx->width >> 1);
         }
     } else {
-        uint8_t *U2 = U + s->pic.linesize[1];
-        uint8_t *V2 = V + s->pic.linesize[2];
+        uint8_t *U2 = U + s->pic->linesize[1];
+        uint8_t *V2 = V + s->pic->linesize[2];
 
         for (j = 0; j < avctx->height >> 2; j++) {
             for (i = 0; i < avctx->width >> 1; i += 2) {
@@ -239,16 +257,16 @@ static int xan_decode_chroma(AVCodecContext *avctx, unsigned chroma_off)
                     V[i] = V[i+1] = V2[i] = V2[i+1] = vval | (vval >> 5);
                 }
             }
-            U  += s->pic.linesize[1] * 2;
-            V  += s->pic.linesize[2] * 2;
-            U2 += s->pic.linesize[1] * 2;
-            V2 += s->pic.linesize[2] * 2;
+            U  += s->pic->linesize[1] * 2;
+            V  += s->pic->linesize[2] * 2;
+            U2 += s->pic->linesize[1] * 2;
+            V2 += s->pic->linesize[2] * 2;
         }
         if (avctx->height & 3) {
             int lines = ((avctx->height + 1) >> 1) - (avctx->height >> 2) * 2;
 
-            memcpy(U, U - lines * s->pic.linesize[1], lines * s->pic.linesize[1]);
-            memcpy(V, V - lines * s->pic.linesize[2], lines * s->pic.linesize[2]);
+            memcpy(U, U - lines * s->pic->linesize[1], lines * s->pic->linesize[1]);
+            memcpy(V, V - lines * s->pic->linesize[2], lines * s->pic->linesize[2]);
         }
     }
 
@@ -320,12 +338,12 @@ static int xan_decode_frame_type0(AVCodecContext *avctx)
     }
 
     src  = s->y_buffer;
-    ybuf = s->pic.data[0];
+    ybuf = s->pic->data[0];
     for (j = 0; j < avctx->height; j++) {
         for (i = 0; i < avctx->width; i++)
             ybuf[i] = (src[i] << 2) | (src[i] >> 3);
         src  += avctx->width;
-        ybuf += s->pic.linesize[0];
+        ybuf += s->pic->linesize[0];
     }
 
     return 0;
@@ -365,12 +383,12 @@ static int xan_decode_frame_type1(AVCodecContext *avctx)
     }
 
     src = s->y_buffer;
-    ybuf = s->pic.data[0];
+    ybuf = s->pic->data[0];
     for (j = 0; j < avctx->height; j++) {
         for (i = 0; i < avctx->width; i++)
             ybuf[i] = (src[i] << 2) | (src[i] >> 3);
         src  += avctx->width;
-        ybuf += s->pic.linesize[0];
+        ybuf += s->pic->linesize[0];
     }
 
     return 0;
@@ -384,7 +402,7 @@ static int xan_decode_frame(AVCodecContext *avctx,
     int ftype;
     int ret;
 
-    if ((ret = ff_reget_buffer(avctx, &s->pic))) {
+    if ((ret = ff_reget_buffer(avctx, s->pic))) {
         av_log(s->avctx, AV_LOG_ERROR, "reget_buffer() failed\n");
         return ret;
     }
@@ -405,7 +423,7 @@ static int xan_decode_frame(AVCodecContext *avctx,
     if (ret)
         return ret;
 
-    if ((ret = av_frame_ref(data, &s->pic)) < 0)
+    if ((ret = av_frame_ref(data, s->pic)) < 0)
         return ret;
 
     *got_frame = 1;
@@ -413,18 +431,6 @@ static int xan_decode_frame(AVCodecContext *avctx,
     return avpkt->size;
 }
 
-static av_cold int xan_decode_end(AVCodecContext *avctx)
-{
-    XanContext *s = avctx->priv_data;
-
-    av_frame_unref(&s->pic);
-
-    av_freep(&s->y_buffer);
-    av_freep(&s->scratch_buffer);
-
-    return 0;
-}
-
 AVCodec ff_xan_wc4_decoder = {
     .name           = "xan_wc4",
     .long_name      = NULL_IF_CONFIG_SMALL("Wing Commander IV / Xxan"),