/*
 * Copyright 2007 Bobby Bingham
 * Copyright 2012 Robert Nagy <ronag89 gmail com>
 * Copyright 2012 Anton Khirnov <anton khirnov net>
 *
 * This file is part of FFmpeg.
 *
 * FFmpeg is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * FFmpeg is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
 * License along with FFmpeg; if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
 */

/**
 * @file
 * a filter enforcing given constant framerate
 */

#include <float.h>
#include <stdint.h>

#include "libavutil/common.h"
#include "libavutil/fifo.h"
#include "libavutil/mathematics.h"
#include "libavutil/opt.h"
#include "libavutil/parseutils.h"

#define FF_INTERNAL_FIELDS 1
#include "framequeue.h"
#include "avfilter.h"
#include "internal.h"
#include "video.h"

typedef struct FPSContext {
    const AVClass *class;

    AVFifoBuffer *fifo;     ///< store frames until we get two successive timestamps

    /* timestamps in input timebase */
    int64_t first_pts;      ///< pts of the first frame that arrived on this filter

    double start_time;      ///< pts, in seconds, of the expected first frame

    AVRational framerate;   ///< target framerate
    int rounding;           ///< AVRounding method for timestamps

    /* statistics */
    int frames_in;             ///< number of frames on input
    int frames_out;            ///< number of frames on output
    int dup;                   ///< number of frames duplicated
    int drop;                  ///< number of framed dropped
} FPSContext;

#define OFFSET(x) offsetof(FPSContext, x)
#define V AV_OPT_FLAG_VIDEO_PARAM
#define F AV_OPT_FLAG_FILTERING_PARAM
static const AVOption fps_options[] = {
    { "fps", "A string describing desired output framerate", OFFSET(framerate), AV_OPT_TYPE_VIDEO_RATE, { .str = "25" }, 0, INT_MAX, V|F },
    { "start_time", "Assume the first PTS should be this value.", OFFSET(start_time), AV_OPT_TYPE_DOUBLE, { .dbl = DBL_MAX}, -DBL_MAX, DBL_MAX, V },
    { "round", "set rounding method for timestamps", OFFSET(rounding), AV_OPT_TYPE_INT, { .i64 = AV_ROUND_NEAR_INF }, 0, 5, V|F, "round" },
    { "zero", "round towards 0",      OFFSET(rounding), AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, { .i64 = AV_ROUND_ZERO     }, 0, 5, V|F, "round" },
    { "inf",  "round away from 0",    OFFSET(rounding), AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, { .i64 = AV_ROUND_INF      }, 0, 5, V|F, "round" },
    { "down", "round towards -infty", OFFSET(rounding), AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, { .i64 = AV_ROUND_DOWN     }, 0, 5, V|F, "round" },
    { "up",   "round towards +infty", OFFSET(rounding), AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, { .i64 = AV_ROUND_UP       }, 0, 5, V|F, "round" },
    { "near", "round to nearest",     OFFSET(rounding), AV_OPT_TYPE_CONST, { .i64 = AV_ROUND_NEAR_INF }, 0, 5, V|F, "round" },
    { NULL }
};

AVFILTER_DEFINE_CLASS(fps);

static av_cold int init(AVFilterContext *ctx)
{
    FPSContext *s = ctx->priv;

    if (!(s->fifo = av_fifo_alloc_array(2, sizeof(AVFrame*))))
        return AVERROR(ENOMEM);

    s->first_pts    = AV_NOPTS_VALUE;

    av_log(ctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "fps=%d/%d\n", s->framerate.num, s->framerate.den);
    return 0;
}

static void flush_fifo(AVFifoBuffer *fifo)
{
    while (av_fifo_size(fifo)) {
        AVFrame *tmp;
        av_fifo_generic_read(fifo, &tmp, sizeof(tmp), NULL);
        av_frame_free(&tmp);
    }
}

static av_cold void uninit(AVFilterContext *ctx)
{
    FPSContext *s = ctx->priv;
    if (s->fifo) {
        s->drop += av_fifo_size(s->fifo) / sizeof(AVFrame*);
        flush_fifo(s->fifo);
        av_fifo_freep(&s->fifo);
    }

    av_log(ctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "%d frames in, %d frames out; %d frames dropped, "
           "%d frames duplicated.\n", s->frames_in, s->frames_out, s->drop, s->dup);
}

static int config_props(AVFilterLink* link)
{
    FPSContext   *s = link->src->priv;

    link->time_base = av_inv_q(s->framerate);
    link->frame_rate= s->framerate;
    link->w         = link->src->inputs[0]->w;
    link->h         = link->src->inputs[0]->h;

    return 0;
}

static int request_frame(AVFilterLink *outlink)
{
    AVFilterContext *ctx = outlink->src;
    FPSContext        *s = ctx->priv;
    int ret;

    ret = ff_request_frame(ctx->inputs[0]);

    /* flush the fifo */
    if (ret == AVERROR_EOF && av_fifo_size(s->fifo)) {
        int i;
        for (i = 0; av_fifo_size(s->fifo); i++) {
            AVFrame *buf;

            av_fifo_generic_read(s->fifo, &buf, sizeof(buf), NULL);
            if (av_fifo_size(s->fifo)) {
                buf->pts = av_rescale_q(s->first_pts, ctx->inputs[0]->time_base,
                                        outlink->time_base) + s->frames_out;

                if ((ret = ff_filter_frame(outlink, buf)) < 0)
                    return ret;

                s->frames_out++;
            } else {
                /* This is the last frame, we may have to duplicate it to match
                 * the last frame duration */
                int j;
                int delta = av_rescale_q_rnd(ctx->inputs[0]->current_pts - s->first_pts,
                                             ctx->inputs[0]->time_base,
                                             outlink->time_base, s->rounding) - s->frames_out ;
                /* if the delta is equal to 1, it means we just need to output
                 * the last frame. Greater than 1 means we will need duplicate
                 * delta-1 frames */
                if (delta > 0 ) {
                    for (j = 0; j < delta; j++) {
                        AVFrame *dup = av_frame_clone(buf);

                        av_log(ctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "Duplicating frame.\n");
                        dup->pts = av_rescale_q(s->first_pts, ctx->inputs[0]->time_base,
                                                outlink->time_base) + s->frames_out;

                        if ((ret = ff_filter_frame(outlink, dup)) < 0)
                            return ret;

                        s->frames_out++;
                        if (j > 0) s->dup++;
                    }
                } else {
                    /* for delta less or equal to 0, we should drop the frame,
                     * otherwise, we will have one or more extra frames */
                    av_frame_free(&buf);
                    s->drop++;
                }
            }
        }
        return 0;
    }

    return ret;
}

static int write_to_fifo(AVFifoBuffer *fifo, AVFrame *buf)
{
    int ret;

    if (!av_fifo_space(fifo) &&
        (ret = av_fifo_realloc2(fifo, 2*av_fifo_size(fifo)))) {
        av_frame_free(&buf);
        return ret;
    }

    av_fifo_generic_write(fifo, &buf, sizeof(buf), NULL);
    return 0;
}

static int filter_frame(AVFilterLink *inlink, AVFrame *buf)
{
    AVFilterContext    *ctx = inlink->dst;
    FPSContext           *s = ctx->priv;
    AVFilterLink   *outlink = ctx->outputs[0];
    int64_t delta;
    int i, ret;

    s->frames_in++;
    /* discard frames until we get the first timestamp */
    if (s->first_pts == AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
        if (buf->pts != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
            ret = write_to_fifo(s->fifo, buf);
            if (ret < 0)
                return ret;

            if (s->start_time != DBL_MAX && s->start_time != AV_NOPTS_VALUE) {
                double first_pts = s->start_time * AV_TIME_BASE;
                first_pts = FFMIN(FFMAX(first_pts, INT64_MIN), INT64_MAX);
                s->first_pts = av_rescale_q(first_pts, AV_TIME_BASE_Q,
                                                     inlink->time_base);
                av_log(ctx, AV_LOG_VERBOSE, "Set first pts to (in:%"PRId64" out:%"PRId64")\n",
                       s->first_pts, av_rescale_q(first_pts, AV_TIME_BASE_Q,
                                                  outlink->time_base));
            } else {
                s->first_pts = buf->pts;
            }
        } else {
            av_log(ctx, AV_LOG_WARNING, "Discarding initial frame(s) with no "
                   "timestamp.\n");
            av_frame_free(&buf);
            s->drop++;
        }
        return 0;
    }

    /* now wait for the next timestamp */
    if (buf->pts == AV_NOPTS_VALUE || av_fifo_size(s->fifo) <= 0) {
        return write_to_fifo(s->fifo, buf);
    }

    /* number of output frames */
    delta = av_rescale_q_rnd(buf->pts - s->first_pts, inlink->time_base,
                             outlink->time_base, s->rounding) - s->frames_out ;

    if (delta < 1) {
        /* drop everything buffered except the last */
        int drop = av_fifo_size(s->fifo)/sizeof(AVFrame*);

        av_log(ctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "Dropping %d frame(s).\n", drop);
        s->drop += drop;

        flush_fifo(s->fifo);
        ret = write_to_fifo(s->fifo, buf);

        return ret;
    }

    /* can output >= 1 frames */
    for (i = 0; i < delta; i++) {
        AVFrame *buf_out;
        av_fifo_generic_read(s->fifo, &buf_out, sizeof(buf_out), NULL);

        /* duplicate the frame if needed */
        if (!av_fifo_size(s->fifo) && i < delta - 1) {
            AVFrame *dup = av_frame_clone(buf_out);

            av_log(ctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "Duplicating frame.\n");
            if (dup)
                ret = write_to_fifo(s->fifo, dup);
            else
                ret = AVERROR(ENOMEM);

            if (ret < 0) {
                av_frame_free(&buf_out);
                av_frame_free(&buf);
                return ret;
            }

            s->dup++;
        }

        buf_out->pts = av_rescale_q(s->first_pts, inlink->time_base,
                                    outlink->time_base) + s->frames_out;

        if ((ret = ff_filter_frame(outlink, buf_out)) < 0) {
            av_frame_free(&buf);
            return ret;
        }

        s->frames_out++;
    }
    flush_fifo(s->fifo);

    ret = write_to_fifo(s->fifo, buf);

    return ret;
}

static const AVFilterPad avfilter_vf_fps_inputs[] = {
    {
        .name         = "default",
        .type         = AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO,
        .filter_frame = filter_frame,
    },
    { NULL }
};

static const AVFilterPad avfilter_vf_fps_outputs[] = {
    {
        .name          = "default",
        .type          = AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO,
        .request_frame = request_frame,
        .config_props  = config_props
    },
    { NULL }
};

AVFilter ff_vf_fps = {
    .name        = "fps",
    .description = NULL_IF_CONFIG_SMALL("Force constant framerate."),
    .init        = init,
    .uninit      = uninit,
    .priv_size   = sizeof(FPSContext),
    .priv_class  = &fps_class,
    .inputs      = avfilter_vf_fps_inputs,
    .outputs     = avfilter_vf_fps_outputs,
};