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awesome-web-scraping/python.md
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Python Web Scraping

This list contains python libraries related to web scraping and data processing

Network

  • General
    • urllib - network library (stdlib)
    • requests - network library
    • grab - network library (pycurl based)
    • pycurl - network library (binding to libcurl)
    • urllib3 - Python HTTP library with thread-safe connection pooling, file post support, sanity friendly, and more.
    • httplib2 - network library
    • RoboBrowser - A simple, Pythonic library for browsing the web without a standalone web browser.
    • MechanicalSoup - A Python library for automating interaction with websites.
    • mechanize - Stateful programmatic web browsing.
    • socket low-level networking interface (stdlib)
    • Unirest for Python - Unirest is a set of lightweight HTTP libraries available in multiple languages
    • hyper - HTTP/2 Client for Python
  • Asynchronous
    • grequests - GRequests allows you to use Requests with Gevent to make asynchronous HTTP Requests easily.
    • treq - requests like API (twisted based)
    • aiohttp - http client/server for asyncio (PEP-3156)

Web-Scraping Frameworks

  • grab - web-scraping framework (pycurl/multicurl based)
  • scrapy - web-scraping framework (twisted based). Does not support Python3.
  • portia - Visual scraping for Scrapy.
  • pyspider - A powerful spider system.
  • cola - A distributed crawling framework.
  • restkit - HTTP resource kit for Python. It allows you to easily access to HTTP resource and build objects around it.

HTML/XML Parsing

  • General

    • lxml - effective HTML/XML processing library. Supports XPATH. Written in C.

    • cssselect - working with DOM tree with CSS selectors

    • pyquery - working with DOM tree with jQuery-like selectors

    • BeautifulSoup - slow HTML/XMl processing library, written in pure python

    • html5lib - builds DOM of HTML/XML document according to WHATWG spec. That spec is used in all modern browsers.

    • feedparser - parsing of RSS/ATOM feeds.

    • MarkupSafe - Implements a XML/HTML/XHTML Markup safe string for Python.

    • xmltodict - Working with XML feel like you are working with JSON.

    • xhtml2pdf - HTML/CSS to PDF converter.

    • untangle - Converts XML documents to Python objects for easy access.

  • Sanitizing
    • Bleach - cleaning of HTML (requires html5lib)
    • sanitize - Bringing sanity to world of messed-up data.

Text Processing

Libraries for parsing and manipulating plain texts.

  • General

    • difflib - (Python standard library) Helpers for computing deltas.
    • Levenshtein - Fast computation of Levenshtein distance and string similarity.
    • fuzzywuzzy - Fuzzy String Matching.
    • esmre - Regular expression accelerator.
    • ftfy - Makes Unicode text less broken and more consistent automagically.

  • Transliteration

    • unidecode - ASCII transliterations of Unicode text.

  • Character encoding

    • uniout - Print readable chars instead of the escaped string.
    • chardet - Python 2/3 compatible character encoding detector.
    • xpinyin - A library to translate Chinese hanzi (漢字) to pinyin (拼音).
    • pangu.py - Spacing texts for CJK and alphanumerics.

  • Slugify

  • General Parser

    • PLY - Implementation of lex and yacc parsing tools for Python
    • pyparsing - A general purpose framework for generating parsers.

  • Human names

  • Phone Number

    • phonenumbers - Parsing, formatting, storing and validating international phone numbers.

  • User-agent string

Specific Formats Processing

Libraries for parsing and manipulating specific text formats.

  • General

    • tablib - A module for Tabular Datasets in XLS, CSV, JSON, YAML.
    • textract - Extract text from any document, Word, PowerPoint, PDFs, etc.

  • Office

    • python-docx - Reads, queries and modifies Microsoft Word 2007/2008 docx files.
    • xlwt / xlrd - Writing and reading data and formatting information from Excel files.
    • XlsxWriter - A Python module for creating Excel .xlsx files.
    • xlwings - A BSD-licensed library that makes it easy to call Python from Excel and vice versa.
    • openpyxl - A library for reading and writing Excel 2010 xlsx/xlsm/xltx/xltm files.
    • Marmir - Takes Python data structures and turns them into spreadsheets.

  • PDF

    • PDFMiner - A tool for extracting information from PDF documents.
    • PyPDF2 - A library capable of splitting, merging and transforming PDF pages.
    • ReportLab - Allowing Rapid creation of rich PDF documents.

  • Markdown

    • Python-Markdown - A Python implementation of John Gruber’s Markdown.
    • Mistune - Fastest and full featured pure Python parsers of Markdown.

  • YAML

    • PyYAML - YAML implementations for Python.

  • CSS

  • ATOM/RSS

  • SQL

    • sqlparse - A non-validating SQL parser.

  • HTTP

    • http-parser - HTTP request/response parser for python in C

  • Microformats

    • opengraph - A Python module to parse the Open Graph Protocol tags

Natural Language Processing

Libraries for working with human languages.

  • NLTK - A leading platform for building Python programs to work with human language data.
  • Pattern - A web mining module for the Python. It has tools for natural language processing, machine learning, among others.
  • TextBlob - Providing a consistent API for diving into common NLP tasks. Stands on the giant shoulders of NLTK and Pattern.
  • jieba - Chinese Words Segmentation Utilities.
  • SnowNLP - A library for processing Chinese text.
  • loso - Another Chinese segmentation library.
  • genius - A Chinese segment base on Conditional Random Field.
  • langid.py - Stand-alone language identification system.
  • Korean - A library for Korean morphology.

Browser automation and emulation

  • selenium - automating real browsers (Chrome, Firefox, Opera, IE)
  • Ghost.py - wrapper of QtWebKit (requires PyQT)
  • Spynner - wrapper of QtWebKit QtWebKit (requires PyQT)
  • Splinter - univeral API to browser emulators (selenium webdrivers, django client, zope)

Multiprocessing

  • threading - standard python library to run threads. Effective for I/O-bound tasks. Useless for CPU-bound tasks because of python GIL.
  • multiprocessing - standard python library to run processes.
  • celery - An asynchronous task queue/job queue based on distributed message passing.
  • concurrent-futures - The concurrent.futures module provides a high-level interface for asynchronously executing callables.

Asynchronous

Libraries for asynchronous networking programming.

  • asyncio - (Python standard library in Python 3.4+) Asynchronous I/O, event loop, coroutines and tasks.
  • Twisted - An event-driven networking engine.
  • Tornado - A Web framework and asynchronous networking library.
  • pulsar - Event-driven concurrent framework for Python.
  • diesel - Greenlet-based event I/O Framework for Python.
  • gevent - A coroutine-based Python networking library that uses greenlet.
  • eventlet - Asynchronous framework with WSGI support.
  • Tomorrow - Magic decorator syntax for asynchronous code.

Queue

  • celery - An asynchronous task queue/job queue based on distributed message passing.
  • huey - Little multi-threaded task queue.
  • mrq - Mr. Queue - A distributed worker task queue in Python using Redis & gevent.
  • RQ - lightweight task queue manager based on redis
  • simpleq - A simple, infinitely scalable, Amazon SQS based queue.
  • python-gearman - python API for Gearman

Cloud Computing

  • picloud - executing python-code in cloud
  • dominoup.com - executing R, Python и matlab code in cloud

Email

Libraries for parsing email.

  • flanker - A email address and Mime parsing library.
  • Talon - Mailgun library to extract message quotations and signatures.

URL and Network Address Manipulation

Libraries for parsing/modifying URLs and network addresses.

  • URL
    • furl - A small Python library that makes manipulating URLs simple.
    • purl - A simple, immutable URL class with a clean API for interrogation and manipulation.
    • urllib.parse - interface to break Uniform Resource Locator (URL) strings up in components (addressing scheme, network location, path etc.), to combine the components back into a URL string, and to convert a “relative URL” to an absolute URL given a “base URL.” (stdlib)
    • tldextract - Accurately separate the TLD from the registered domain and subdomains of a URL, using the Public Suffix List.
  • Network Address
    • netaddr - A Python library for representing and manipulating network addresses.

Web Content Extracting

Libraries for extracting web contents.

  • Text and Meta Data from HTML pages
    • newspaper - News extraction, article extraction and content curation in Python.
    • html2text - Convert HTML to Markdown-formatted text.
    • python-goose - HTML Content/Article Extractor.
    • lassie - Web Content Retrieval for Humans.
    • micawber - A small library for extracting rich content from URLs.
    • sumy - A module for automatic summarization of text documents and HTML pages.
    • Haul - An Extensible Image Crawler.
    • python-readability - Fast Python port of arc90's readability tool.
    • scrapely - Library for extracting structured data from HTML pages. Given some example web pages and the data to be extracted, scrapely constructs a parser for all similar pages.
  • Video
    • youtube-dl - A small command-line program to download videos from YouTube.
    • you-get - A YouTube/Youku/Niconico video downloader written in Python 3.
  • Wiki
    • WikiTeam - Tools for downloading and preserving wikis.

WebSocket

Libraries for working with WebSocket.

  • Crossbar - Open-source Unified Application Router (Websocket & WAMP for Python on Autobahn).
  • AutobahnPython - WebSocket & WAMP for Python on Twisted and asyncio.
  • WebSocket-for-Python - WebSocket client and server library for Python 2 and 3 as well as PyPy.

DNS Resolving

  • dnsyo - Check your DNS against over 1500 global DNS servers.
  • pycares - interface to c-ares. c-ares is a C library that performs DNS requests and name resolutions asynchronously

Computer Vision

  • OpenCV - Open Source Computer Vision Library.
  • SimpleCV - Concise, readable interface for cameras, image manipulation, feature extraction, and format conversion (based on OpenCV).
  • mahotas - fast computer vision algorithms (all implemented in C++) operating over numpy arrays.

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