fix: introduce async iterators

Signed-off-by: Dr. Carsten Leue <carsten.leue@de.ibm.com>

v2/context/readerioresult/filter.go

@@ -18,6 +18,10 @@ package readerioresult
 import (
 	"context"
 
+	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/array"
+	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/internal/witherable"
+	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/iterator/iter"
+	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/option"
 	RIOR "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/readerioresult"
 )
 
@@ -49,3 +53,43 @@ import (
 func FilterOrElse[A any](pred Predicate[A], onFalse func(A) error) Operator[A, A] {
 	return RIOR.FilterOrElse[context.Context](pred, onFalse)
 }
+
+//go:inline
+func Filter[HKTA, A any](
+	filter func(Predicate[A]) Endomorphism[HKTA],
+) func(Predicate[A]) Operator[HKTA, HKTA] {
+	return witherable.Filter(
+		Map,
+		filter,
+	)
+}
+
+//go:inline
+func FilterArray[A any](p Predicate[A]) Operator[[]A, []A] {
+	return Filter(array.Filter[A])(p)
+}
+
+//go:inline
+func FilterIter[A any](p Predicate[A]) Operator[Seq[A], Seq[A]] {
+	return Filter(iter.Filter[A])(p)
+}
+
+//go:inline
+func FilterMap[HKTA, HKTB, A, B any](
+	filter func(option.Kleisli[A, B]) Reader[HKTA, HKTB],
+) func(option.Kleisli[A, B]) Operator[HKTA, HKTB] {
+	return witherable.FilterMap(
+		Map,
+		filter,
+	)
+}
+
+//go:inline
+func FilterMapArray[A, B any](p option.Kleisli[A, B]) Operator[[]A, []B] {
+	return FilterMap(array.FilterMap[A, B])(p)
+}
+
+//go:inline
+func FilterMapIter[A, B any](p option.Kleisli[A, B]) Operator[Seq[A], Seq[B]] {
+	return FilterMap(iter.FilterMap[A, B])(p)
+}

v2/context/readerioresult/type.go

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ package readerioresult
 
 import (
 	"context"
+	"iter"
 
 	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/consumer"
 	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/context/ioresult"
@@ -220,4 +221,10 @@ type (
 	// The first element is the CancelFunc that should be called to release resources.
 	// The second element is the new Context that was created.
 	ContextCancel = Pair[context.CancelFunc, context.Context]
+
+	// Seq is an iterator over sequences of individual values.
+	// When called as seq(yield), seq calls yield(v) for each value v in the sequence,
+	// stopping early if yield returns false.
+	// See the [iter] package documentation for more details.
+	Seq[A any] = iter.Seq[A]
 )

v2/context/readerreaderioresult/filter.go

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+package readerreaderioresult
+
+import (
+	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/array"
+	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/internal/witherable"
+	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/iterator/iter"
+	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/option"
+)
+
+//go:inline
+func Filter[C, HKTA, A any](
+	filter func(Predicate[A]) Endomorphism[HKTA],
+) func(Predicate[A]) Operator[C, HKTA, HKTA] {
+	return witherable.Filter(
+		Map[C],
+		filter,
+	)
+}
+
+//go:inline
+func FilterArray[C, A any](p Predicate[A]) Operator[C, []A, []A] {
+	return Filter[C](array.Filter[A])(p)
+}
+
+//go:inline
+func FilterIter[C, A any](p Predicate[A]) Operator[C, Seq[A], Seq[A]] {
+	return Filter[C](iter.Filter[A])(p)
+}
+
+//go:inline
+func FilterMap[C, HKTA, HKTB, A, B any](
+	filter func(option.Kleisli[A, B]) Reader[HKTA, HKTB],
+) func(option.Kleisli[A, B]) Operator[C, HKTA, HKTB] {
+	return witherable.FilterMap(
+		Map[C],
+		filter,
+	)
+}
+
+//go:inline
+func FilterMapArray[C, A, B any](p option.Kleisli[A, B]) Operator[C, []A, []B] {
+	return FilterMap[C](array.FilterMap[A, B])(p)
+}
+
+//go:inline
+func FilterMapIter[C, A, B any](p option.Kleisli[A, B]) Operator[C, Seq[A], Seq[B]] {
+	return FilterMap[C](iter.FilterMap[A, B])(p)
+}

v2/context/readerreaderioresult/reader.go

@@ -834,7 +834,7 @@ func Flap[R, B, A any](a A) Operator[R, func(A) B, B] {
 // This is the monadic version that takes the computation as the first parameter.
 //
 //go:inline
-func MonadMapLeft[R, A any](fa ReaderReaderIOResult[R, A], f Endmorphism[error]) ReaderReaderIOResult[R, A] {
+func MonadMapLeft[R, A any](fa ReaderReaderIOResult[R, A], f Endomorphism[error]) ReaderReaderIOResult[R, A] {
 	return RRIOE.MonadMapLeft(fa, f)
 }
 
@@ -843,7 +843,7 @@ func MonadMapLeft[R, A any](fa ReaderReaderIOResult[R, A], f Endmorphism[error])
 // This is the curried version that returns an operator.
 //
 //go:inline
-func MapLeft[R, A any](f Endmorphism[error]) Operator[R, A, A] {
+func MapLeft[R, A any](f Endomorphism[error]) Operator[R, A, A] {
 	return RRIOE.MapLeft[R, context.Context, A](f)
 }
 

v2/context/readerreaderioresult/types.go

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/io"
 	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/ioeither"
 	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/ioresult"
+	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/iterator/iter"
 	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/lazy"
 	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/optics/lens"
 	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/optics/traversal/result"
@@ -146,9 +147,15 @@ type (
 	// It's an alias for predicate.Predicate[A].
 	Predicate[A any] = predicate.Predicate[A]
 
-	// Endmorphism represents a function from type A to type A.
+	// Endomorphism represents a function from type A to type A.
 	// It's an alias for endomorphism.Endomorphism[A].
-	Endmorphism[A any] = endomorphism.Endomorphism[A]
+	Endomorphism[A any] = endomorphism.Endomorphism[A]
+
+	// Seq is an iterator over sequences of individual values.
+	// When called as seq(yield), seq calls yield(v) for each value v in the sequence,
+	// stopping early if yield returns false.
+	// See the [iter] package documentation for more details.
+	Seq[A any] = iter.Seq[A]
 
 	Void = function.Void
 )

v2/effect/filter.go

@@ -0,0 +1,296 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2023 - 2025 IBM Corp.
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package effect
+
+import (
+	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/context/readerreaderioresult"
+	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/option"
+)
+
+// Filter lifts a filtering operation on a higher-kinded type into an Effect operator.
+// This is a generic function that works with any filterable data structure by taking
+// a filter function and returning an operator that can be used in effect chains.
+//
+// # Type Parameters
+//
+//   - C: The context type required by the effect
+//   - HKTA: The higher-kinded type being filtered (e.g., []A, Seq[A])
+//   - A: The element type being filtered
+//
+// # Parameters
+//
+//   - filter: A function that takes a predicate and returns an endomorphism on HKTA
+//
+// # Returns
+//
+//   - func(Predicate[A]) Operator[C, HKTA, HKTA]: A function that takes a predicate
+//     and returns an operator that filters effects containing HKTA values
+//
+// # Example Usage
+//
+//	import A "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/array"
+//
+//	// Create a custom filter operator for arrays
+//	filterOp := Filter[MyContext](A.Filter[int])
+//	isEven := func(n int) bool { return n%2 == 0 }
+//
+//	pipeline := F.Pipe2(
+//	    Succeed[MyContext]([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}),
+//	    filterOp(isEven),
+//	    Map[MyContext](func(arr []int) int { return len(arr) }),
+//	)
+//	// Result: Effect that produces 2 (count of even numbers)
+//
+// # See Also
+//
+//   - FilterArray: Specialized version for array filtering
+//   - FilterIter: Specialized version for iterator filtering
+//   - FilterMap: For filtering and mapping simultaneously
+//
+//go:inline
+func Filter[C, HKTA, A any](
+	filter func(Predicate[A]) Endomorphism[HKTA],
+) func(Predicate[A]) Operator[C, HKTA, HKTA] {
+	return readerreaderioresult.Filter[C](filter)
+}
+
+// FilterArray creates an operator that filters array elements within an Effect based on a predicate.
+// Elements that satisfy the predicate are kept, while others are removed.
+// This is a specialized version of Filter for arrays.
+//
+// # Type Parameters
+//
+//   - C: The context type required by the effect
+//   - A: The element type in the array
+//
+// # Parameters
+//
+//   - p: A predicate function that tests each element
+//
+// # Returns
+//
+//   - Operator[C, []A, []A]: An operator that filters array elements in an effect
+//
+// # Example Usage
+//
+//	isPositive := func(n int) bool { return n > 0 }
+//	filterPositive := FilterArray[MyContext](isPositive)
+//
+//	pipeline := F.Pipe1(
+//	    Succeed[MyContext]([]int{-2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3}),
+//	    filterPositive,
+//	)
+//	// Result: Effect that produces []int{1, 2, 3}
+//
+// # See Also
+//
+//   - Filter: Generic version for any filterable type
+//   - FilterIter: For filtering iterators
+//   - FilterMapArray: For filtering and mapping arrays simultaneously
+//
+//go:inline
+func FilterArray[C, A any](p Predicate[A]) Operator[C, []A, []A] {
+	return readerreaderioresult.FilterArray[C](p)
+}
+
+// FilterIter creates an operator that filters iterator elements within an Effect based on a predicate.
+// Elements that satisfy the predicate are kept in the resulting iterator, while others are removed.
+// This is a specialized version of Filter for iterators (Seq).
+//
+// # Type Parameters
+//
+//   - C: The context type required by the effect
+//   - A: The element type in the iterator
+//
+// # Parameters
+//
+//   - p: A predicate function that tests each element
+//
+// # Returns
+//
+//   - Operator[C, Seq[A], Seq[A]]: An operator that filters iterator elements in an effect
+//
+// # Example Usage
+//
+//	isEven := func(n int) bool { return n%2 == 0 }
+//	filterEven := FilterIter[MyContext](isEven)
+//
+//	pipeline := F.Pipe1(
+//	    Succeed[MyContext](slices.Values([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6})),
+//	    filterEven,
+//	)
+//	// Result: Effect that produces an iterator over [2, 4, 6]
+//
+// # See Also
+//
+//   - Filter: Generic version for any filterable type
+//   - FilterArray: For filtering arrays
+//   - FilterMapIter: For filtering and mapping iterators simultaneously
+//
+//go:inline
+func FilterIter[C, A any](p Predicate[A]) Operator[C, Seq[A], Seq[A]] {
+	return readerreaderioresult.FilterIter[C](p)
+}
+
+// FilterMap lifts a filter-map operation on a higher-kinded type into an Effect operator.
+// This combines filtering and mapping in a single operation: elements are transformed
+// using a function that returns Option, and only Some values are kept in the result.
+//
+// # Type Parameters
+//
+//   - C: The context type required by the effect
+//   - HKTA: The input higher-kinded type (e.g., []A, Seq[A])
+//   - HKTB: The output higher-kinded type (e.g., []B, Seq[B])
+//   - A: The input element type
+//   - B: The output element type
+//
+// # Parameters
+//
+//   - filter: A function that takes an option.Kleisli and returns a transformation from HKTA to HKTB
+//
+// # Returns
+//
+//   - func(option.Kleisli[A, B]) Operator[C, HKTA, HKTB]: A function that takes a Kleisli arrow
+//     and returns an operator that filter-maps effects
+//
+// # Example Usage
+//
+//	import A "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/array"
+//	import O "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/option"
+//
+//	// Parse and filter positive integers
+//	parsePositive := func(s string) O.Option[int] {
+//	    var n int
+//	    if _, err := fmt.Sscanf(s, "%d", &n); err == nil && n > 0 {
+//	        return O.Some(n)
+//	    }
+//	    return O.None[int]()
+//	}
+//
+//	filterMapOp := FilterMap[MyContext](A.FilterMap[string, int])
+//	pipeline := F.Pipe1(
+//	    Succeed[MyContext]([]string{"1", "-2", "3", "invalid", "5"}),
+//	    filterMapOp(parsePositive),
+//	)
+//	// Result: Effect that produces []int{1, 3, 5}
+//
+// # See Also
+//
+//   - FilterMapArray: Specialized version for arrays
+//   - FilterMapIter: Specialized version for iterators
+//   - Filter: For filtering without transformation
+//
+//go:inline
+func FilterMap[C, HKTA, HKTB, A, B any](
+	filter func(option.Kleisli[A, B]) Reader[HKTA, HKTB],
+) func(option.Kleisli[A, B]) Operator[C, HKTA, HKTB] {
+	return readerreaderioresult.FilterMap[C](filter)
+}
+
+// FilterMapArray creates an operator that filters and maps array elements within an Effect.
+// Each element is transformed using a function that returns Option[B]. Elements that
+// produce Some(b) are kept in the result array, while None values are filtered out.
+//
+// # Type Parameters
+//
+//   - C: The context type required by the effect
+//   - A: The input element type
+//   - B: The output element type
+//
+// # Parameters
+//
+//   - p: A Kleisli arrow from A to Option[B] that transforms and filters elements
+//
+// # Returns
+//
+//   - Operator[C, []A, []B]: An operator that filter-maps array elements in an effect
+//
+// # Example Usage
+//
+//	import O "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/option"
+//
+//	// Double even numbers, filter out odd numbers
+//	doubleEven := func(n int) O.Option[int] {
+//	    if n%2 == 0 {
+//	        return O.Some(n * 2)
+//	    }
+//	    return O.None[int]()
+//	}
+//
+//	pipeline := F.Pipe1(
+//	    Succeed[MyContext]([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}),
+//	    FilterMapArray[MyContext](doubleEven),
+//	)
+//	// Result: Effect that produces []int{4, 8}
+//
+// # See Also
+//
+//   - FilterMap: Generic version for any filterable type
+//   - FilterMapIter: For filter-mapping iterators
+//   - FilterArray: For filtering without transformation
+//
+//go:inline
+func FilterMapArray[C, A, B any](p option.Kleisli[A, B]) Operator[C, []A, []B] {
+	return readerreaderioresult.FilterMapArray[C](p)
+}
+
+// FilterMapIter creates an operator that filters and maps iterator elements within an Effect.
+// Each element is transformed using a function that returns Option[B]. Elements that
+// produce Some(b) are kept in the resulting iterator, while None values are filtered out.
+//
+// # Type Parameters
+//
+//   - C: The context type required by the effect
+//   - A: The input element type
+//   - B: The output element type
+//
+// # Parameters
+//
+//   - p: A Kleisli arrow from A to Option[B] that transforms and filters elements
+//
+// # Returns
+//
+//   - Operator[C, Seq[A], Seq[B]]: An operator that filter-maps iterator elements in an effect
+//
+// # Example Usage
+//
+//	import O "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/option"
+//
+//	// Parse strings to integers, keeping only valid ones
+//	parseInt := func(s string) O.Option[int] {
+//	    var n int
+//	    if _, err := fmt.Sscanf(s, "%d", &n); err == nil {
+//	        return O.Some(n)
+//	    }
+//	    return O.None[int]()
+//	}
+//
+//	pipeline := F.Pipe1(
+//	    Succeed[MyContext](slices.Values([]string{"1", "2", "invalid", "3"})),
+//	    FilterMapIter[MyContext](parseInt),
+//	)
+//	// Result: Effect that produces an iterator over [1, 2, 3]
+//
+// # See Also
+//
+//   - FilterMap: Generic version for any filterable type
+//   - FilterMapArray: For filter-mapping arrays
+//   - FilterIter: For filtering without transformation
+//
+//go:inline
+func FilterMapIter[C, A, B any](p option.Kleisli[A, B]) Operator[C, Seq[A], Seq[B]] {
+	return readerreaderioresult.FilterMapIter[C](p)
+}

v2/effect/filter_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,653 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2023 - 2025 IBM Corp.
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package effect
+
+import (
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"slices"
+	"testing"
+
+	A "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/array"
+	F "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/function"
+	N "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/number"
+	O "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/option"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+type FilterTestConfig struct {
+	MaxValue int
+	MinValue int
+}
+
+// Helper to collect iterator results from an effect
+func collectSeqEffect[C, A any](eff Effect[C, Seq[A]], cfg C) []A {
+	result, err := runEffect(eff, cfg)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil
+	}
+	return slices.Collect(result)
+}
+
+func TestFilterArray_Success(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("filters array keeping matching elements", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Arrange
+		isPositive := N.MoreThan(0)
+		filterOp := FilterArray[FilterTestConfig](isPositive)
+		input := Succeed[FilterTestConfig]([]int{1, -2, 3, -4, 5})
+
+		// Act
+		result, err := runEffect(filterOp(input), FilterTestConfig{})
+
+		// Assert
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{1, 3, 5}, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns empty array when no elements match", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Arrange
+		isNegative := N.LessThan(0)
+		filterOp := FilterArray[FilterTestConfig](isNegative)
+		input := Succeed[FilterTestConfig]([]int{1, 2, 3})
+
+		// Act
+		result, err := runEffect(filterOp(input), FilterTestConfig{})
+
+		// Assert
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{}, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns all elements when all match", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Arrange
+		alwaysTrue := func(n int) bool { return true }
+		filterOp := FilterArray[FilterTestConfig](alwaysTrue)
+		input := Succeed[FilterTestConfig]([]int{1, 2, 3})
+
+		// Act
+		result, err := runEffect(filterOp(input), FilterTestConfig{})
+
+		// Assert
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{1, 2, 3}, result)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestFilterIter_Success(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("filters iterator keeping matching elements", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Arrange
+		isEven := func(n int) bool { return n%2 == 0 }
+		filterOp := FilterIter[FilterTestConfig](isEven)
+		input := Succeed[FilterTestConfig](slices.Values([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}))
+
+		// Act
+		collected := collectSeqEffect(filterOp(input), FilterTestConfig{})
+
+		// Assert
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{2, 4, 6}, collected)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns empty iterator when no elements match", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Arrange
+		isNegative := N.LessThan(0)
+		filterOp := FilterIter[FilterTestConfig](isNegative)
+		input := Succeed[FilterTestConfig](slices.Values([]int{1, 2, 3}))
+
+		// Act
+		collected := collectSeqEffect(filterOp(input), FilterTestConfig{})
+
+		// Assert
+		assert.Empty(t, collected)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestFilterArray_WithContext(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("uses context for filtering", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Arrange
+		cfg := FilterTestConfig{MaxValue: 100, MinValue: 0}
+		inRange := func(n int) bool { return n >= cfg.MinValue && n <= cfg.MaxValue }
+		filterOp := FilterArray[FilterTestConfig](inRange)
+		input := Succeed[FilterTestConfig]([]int{-10, 50, 150, 75})
+
+		// Act
+		result, err := runEffect(filterOp(input), cfg)
+
+		// Assert
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{50, 75}, result)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestFilterArray_EdgeCases(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("handles empty array", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Arrange
+		isPositive := N.MoreThan(0)
+		filterOp := FilterArray[FilterTestConfig](isPositive)
+		input := Succeed[FilterTestConfig]([]int{})
+
+		// Act
+		result, err := runEffect(filterOp(input), FilterTestConfig{})
+
+		// Assert
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{}, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("preserves error from input", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Arrange
+		isPositive := N.MoreThan(0)
+		filterOp := FilterArray[FilterTestConfig](isPositive)
+		inputErr := errors.New("input error")
+		input := Fail[FilterTestConfig, []int](inputErr)
+
+		// Act
+		_, err := runEffect(filterOp(input), FilterTestConfig{})
+
+		// Assert
+		assert.Error(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, inputErr, err)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestFilterIter_EdgeCases(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("handles empty iterator", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Arrange
+		isPositive := N.MoreThan(0)
+		filterOp := FilterIter[FilterTestConfig](isPositive)
+		input := Succeed[FilterTestConfig](slices.Values([]int{}))
+
+		// Act
+		collected := collectSeqEffect(filterOp(input), FilterTestConfig{})
+
+		// Assert
+		assert.Empty(t, collected)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("preserves error from input", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Arrange
+		isPositive := N.MoreThan(0)
+		filterOp := FilterIter[FilterTestConfig](isPositive)
+		inputErr := errors.New("input error")
+		input := Fail[FilterTestConfig, Seq[int]](inputErr)
+
+		// Act
+		_, err := runEffect(filterOp(input), FilterTestConfig{})
+
+		// Assert
+		assert.Error(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, inputErr, err)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestFilter_GenericFilter(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("works with custom filter function", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Arrange
+		customFilter := func(p Predicate[int]) Endomorphism[[]int] {
+			return A.Filter(p)
+		}
+		filterOp := Filter[FilterTestConfig](customFilter)
+		isEven := func(n int) bool { return n%2 == 0 }
+		input := Succeed[FilterTestConfig]([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
+
+		// Act
+		result, err := runEffect(filterOp(isEven)(input), FilterTestConfig{})
+
+		// Assert
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{2, 4}, result)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestFilterMapArray_Success(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("filters and maps array elements", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Arrange
+		parsePositive := func(n int) O.Option[string] {
+			if n > 0 {
+				return O.Some(fmt.Sprintf("positive:%d", n))
+			}
+			return O.None[string]()
+		}
+		filterMapOp := FilterMapArray[FilterTestConfig](parsePositive)
+		input := Succeed[FilterTestConfig]([]int{-1, 2, -3, 4, 5})
+
+		// Act
+		result, err := runEffect(filterMapOp(input), FilterTestConfig{})
+
+		// Assert
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, []string{"positive:2", "positive:4", "positive:5"}, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns empty when no elements match", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Arrange
+		neverMatch := func(n int) O.Option[int] {
+			return O.None[int]()
+		}
+		filterMapOp := FilterMapArray[FilterTestConfig](neverMatch)
+		input := Succeed[FilterTestConfig]([]int{1, 2, 3})
+
+		// Act
+		result, err := runEffect(filterMapOp(input), FilterTestConfig{})
+
+		// Assert
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{}, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("maps all elements when all match", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Arrange
+		double := func(n int) O.Option[int] {
+			return O.Some(n * 2)
+		}
+		filterMapOp := FilterMapArray[FilterTestConfig](double)
+		input := Succeed[FilterTestConfig]([]int{1, 2, 3})
+
+		// Act
+		result, err := runEffect(filterMapOp(input), FilterTestConfig{})
+
+		// Assert
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{2, 4, 6}, result)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestFilterMapIter_Success(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("filters and maps iterator elements", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Arrange
+		doubleEven := func(n int) O.Option[int] {
+			if n%2 == 0 {
+				return O.Some(n * 2)
+			}
+			return O.None[int]()
+		}
+		filterMapOp := FilterMapIter[FilterTestConfig](doubleEven)
+		input := Succeed[FilterTestConfig](slices.Values([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}))
+
+		// Act
+		collected := collectSeqEffect(filterMapOp(input), FilterTestConfig{})
+
+		// Assert
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{4, 8}, collected)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestFilterMapArray_TypeConversion(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("converts int to string", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Arrange
+		intToString := func(n int) O.Option[string] {
+			if n > 0 {
+				return O.Some(fmt.Sprintf("%d", n))
+			}
+			return O.None[string]()
+		}
+		filterMapOp := FilterMapArray[FilterTestConfig](intToString)
+		input := Succeed[FilterTestConfig]([]int{-1, 2, -3, 4})
+
+		// Act
+		result, err := runEffect(filterMapOp(input), FilterTestConfig{})
+
+		// Assert
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, []string{"2", "4"}, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("converts string to int", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Arrange
+		parseEven := func(s string) O.Option[int] {
+			var n int
+			if _, err := fmt.Sscanf(s, "%d", &n); err == nil && n%2 == 0 {
+				return O.Some(n)
+			}
+			return O.None[int]()
+		}
+		filterMapOp := FilterMapArray[FilterTestConfig](parseEven)
+		input := Succeed[FilterTestConfig]([]string{"1", "2", "3", "4", "invalid"})
+
+		// Act
+		result, err := runEffect(filterMapOp(input), FilterTestConfig{})
+
+		// Assert
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{2, 4}, result)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestFilterMapArray_EdgeCases(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("handles empty array", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Arrange
+		double := func(n int) O.Option[int] {
+			return O.Some(n * 2)
+		}
+		filterMapOp := FilterMapArray[FilterTestConfig](double)
+		input := Succeed[FilterTestConfig]([]int{})
+
+		// Act
+		result, err := runEffect(filterMapOp(input), FilterTestConfig{})
+
+		// Assert
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{}, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("preserves error from input", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Arrange
+		double := func(n int) O.Option[int] {
+			return O.Some(n * 2)
+		}
+		filterMapOp := FilterMapArray[FilterTestConfig](double)
+		inputErr := errors.New("input error")
+		input := Fail[FilterTestConfig, []int](inputErr)
+
+		// Act
+		_, err := runEffect(filterMapOp(input), FilterTestConfig{})
+
+		// Assert
+		assert.Error(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, inputErr, err)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestFilterMapIter_EdgeCases(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("handles empty iterator", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Arrange
+		double := func(n int) O.Option[int] {
+			return O.Some(n * 2)
+		}
+		filterMapOp := FilterMapIter[FilterTestConfig](double)
+		input := Succeed[FilterTestConfig](slices.Values([]int{}))
+
+		// Act
+		collected := collectSeqEffect(filterMapOp(input), FilterTestConfig{})
+
+		// Assert
+		assert.Empty(t, collected)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestFilterMap_GenericFilterMap(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("works with custom filterMap function", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Arrange
+		customFilterMap := func(f O.Kleisli[int, string]) Reader[[]int, []string] {
+			return A.FilterMap(f)
+		}
+		filterMapOp := FilterMap[FilterTestConfig](customFilterMap)
+		intToString := func(n int) O.Option[string] {
+			if n > 0 {
+				return O.Some(fmt.Sprintf("%d", n))
+			}
+			return O.None[string]()
+		}
+		input := Succeed[FilterTestConfig]([]int{-1, 2, -3, 4})
+
+		// Act
+		result, err := runEffect(filterMapOp(intToString)(input), FilterTestConfig{})
+
+		// Assert
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, []string{"2", "4"}, result)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestFilter_Composition(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("chains multiple filters", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Arrange
+		isPositive := N.MoreThan(0)
+		isEven := func(n int) bool { return n%2 == 0 }
+		filterPositive := FilterArray[FilterTestConfig](isPositive)
+		filterEven := FilterArray[FilterTestConfig](isEven)
+		input := Succeed[FilterTestConfig]([]int{-2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6})
+
+		// Act
+		result, err := runEffect(filterEven(filterPositive(input)), FilterTestConfig{})
+
+		// Assert
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{2, 4, 6}, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("chains filter and filterMap", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Arrange
+		isPositive := N.MoreThan(0)
+		doubleEven := func(n int) O.Option[int] {
+			if n%2 == 0 {
+				return O.Some(n * 2)
+			}
+			return O.None[int]()
+		}
+		filterOp := FilterArray[FilterTestConfig](isPositive)
+		filterMapOp := FilterMapArray[FilterTestConfig](doubleEven)
+		input := Succeed[FilterTestConfig]([]int{-2, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5})
+
+		// Act
+		result, err := runEffect(filterMapOp(filterOp(input)), FilterTestConfig{})
+
+		// Assert
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{4, 8}, result)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestFilter_WithComplexTypes(t *testing.T) {
+	type User struct {
+		Name string
+		Age  int
+	}
+
+	t.Run("filters structs", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Arrange
+		isAdult := func(u User) bool { return u.Age >= 18 }
+		filterOp := FilterArray[FilterTestConfig](isAdult)
+		users := []User{
+			{Name: "Alice", Age: 25},
+			{Name: "Bob", Age: 16},
+			{Name: "Charlie", Age: 30},
+		}
+		input := Succeed[FilterTestConfig](users)
+
+		// Act
+		result, err := runEffect(filterOp(input), FilterTestConfig{})
+
+		// Assert
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		expected := []User{
+			{Name: "Alice", Age: 25},
+			{Name: "Charlie", Age: 30},
+		}
+		assert.Equal(t, expected, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("filterMaps structs to different type", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Arrange
+		extractAdultName := func(u User) O.Option[string] {
+			if u.Age >= 18 {
+				return O.Some(u.Name)
+			}
+			return O.None[string]()
+		}
+		filterMapOp := FilterMapArray[FilterTestConfig](extractAdultName)
+		users := []User{
+			{Name: "Alice", Age: 25},
+			{Name: "Bob", Age: 16},
+			{Name: "Charlie", Age: 30},
+		}
+		input := Succeed[FilterTestConfig](users)
+
+		// Act
+		result, err := runEffect(filterMapOp(input), FilterTestConfig{})
+
+		// Assert
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, []string{"Alice", "Charlie"}, result)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestFilter_BoundaryConditions(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("filters with boundary predicate", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Arrange
+		inRange := func(n int) bool { return n >= 0 && n <= 100 }
+		filterOp := FilterArray[FilterTestConfig](inRange)
+		input := Succeed[FilterTestConfig]([]int{-1, 0, 50, 100, 101})
+
+		// Act
+		result, err := runEffect(filterOp(input), FilterTestConfig{})
+
+		// Assert
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{0, 50, 100}, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("filterMap with boundary conditions", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Arrange
+		clampToRange := func(n int) O.Option[int] {
+			if n >= 0 && n <= 100 {
+				return O.Some(n)
+			}
+			return O.None[int]()
+		}
+		filterMapOp := FilterMapArray[FilterTestConfig](clampToRange)
+		input := Succeed[FilterTestConfig]([]int{-1, 0, 50, 100, 101})
+
+		// Act
+		result, err := runEffect(filterMapOp(input), FilterTestConfig{})
+
+		// Assert
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{0, 50, 100}, result)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestFilter_WithIterators(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("filters large iterator efficiently", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Arrange
+		isEven := func(n int) bool { return n%2 == 0 }
+		filterOp := FilterIter[FilterTestConfig](isEven)
+
+		// Create iterator for range 0-99
+		makeSeq := func(yield func(int) bool) {
+			for i := range 100 {
+				if !yield(i) {
+					return
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		input := Succeed[FilterTestConfig](Seq[int](makeSeq))
+
+		// Act
+		collected := collectSeqEffect(filterOp(input), FilterTestConfig{})
+
+		// Assert
+		assert.Equal(t, 50, len(collected))
+		assert.Equal(t, 0, collected[0])
+		assert.Equal(t, 98, collected[49])
+	})
+
+	t.Run("filterMap with iterator", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Arrange
+		squareEven := func(n int) O.Option[int] {
+			if n%2 == 0 {
+				return O.Some(n * n)
+			}
+			return O.None[int]()
+		}
+		filterMapOp := FilterMapIter[FilterTestConfig](squareEven)
+		input := Succeed[FilterTestConfig](slices.Values([]int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}))
+
+		// Act
+		collected := collectSeqEffect(filterMapOp(input), FilterTestConfig{})
+
+		// Assert
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{4, 16}, collected)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestFilter_ErrorPropagation(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("filter propagates Left through chain", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Arrange
+		isPositive := N.MoreThan(0)
+		filterOp := FilterArray[FilterTestConfig](isPositive)
+		originalErr := errors.New("original error")
+
+		// Create an effect that fails
+		failedEffect := F.Pipe1(
+			Succeed[FilterTestConfig]([]int{1, 2, 3}),
+			Chain(func([]int) Effect[FilterTestConfig, []int] {
+				return Fail[FilterTestConfig, []int](originalErr)
+			}),
+		)
+
+		// Act
+		_, err := runEffect(filterOp(failedEffect), FilterTestConfig{})
+
+		// Assert
+		assert.Error(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, originalErr, err)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("filterMap propagates Left through chain", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Arrange
+		double := func(n int) O.Option[int] {
+			return O.Some(n * 2)
+		}
+		filterMapOp := FilterMapArray[FilterTestConfig](double)
+		originalErr := errors.New("original error")
+
+		// Create an effect that fails
+		failedEffect := F.Pipe1(
+			Succeed[FilterTestConfig]([]int{1, 2, 3}),
+			Chain(func([]int) Effect[FilterTestConfig, []int] {
+				return Fail[FilterTestConfig, []int](originalErr)
+			}),
+		)
+
+		// Act
+		_, err := runEffect(filterMapOp(failedEffect), FilterTestConfig{})
+
+		// Assert
+		assert.Error(t, err)
+		assert.Equal(t, originalErr, err)
+	})
+}
+
+func TestFilter_Integration(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("complex filtering pipeline", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Arrange: Filter positive numbers, then double evens, then filter > 5
+		isPositive := N.MoreThan(0)
+		doubleEven := func(n int) O.Option[int] {
+			if n%2 == 0 {
+				return O.Some(n * 2)
+			}
+			return O.None[int]()
+		}
+		isGreaterThan5 := N.MoreThan(5)
+
+		pipeline := F.Pipe3(
+			Succeed[FilterTestConfig]([]int{-2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}),
+			FilterArray[FilterTestConfig](isPositive),
+			FilterMapArray[FilterTestConfig](doubleEven),
+			FilterArray[FilterTestConfig](isGreaterThan5),
+		)
+
+		// Act
+		result, err := runEffect(pipeline, FilterTestConfig{})
+
+		// Assert
+		assert.NoError(t, err)
+		// Positive: [1,2,3,4,5,6] -> DoubleEven: [4,8,12] -> >5: [8,12]
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{8, 12}, result)
+	})
+}
+
+

v2/effect/types.go

@@ -19,9 +19,11 @@ import (
 	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/context/readerioresult"
 	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/context/readerreaderioresult"
 	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/either"
+	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/endomorphism"
 	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/io"
 	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/ioeither"
 	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/ioresult"
+	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/iterator/iter"
 	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/lazy"
 	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/monoid"
 	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/optics/lens"
@@ -89,4 +91,14 @@ type (
 	// Operator represents a function that transforms Effect[C, A] to Effect[C, B].
 	// It's used for lifting operations over effects.
 	Operator[C, A, B any] = readerreaderioresult.Operator[C, A, B]
+
+	// Endomorphism represents a function from type A to type A.
+	// It's an alias for endomorphism.Endomorphism[A].
+	Endomorphism[A any] = endomorphism.Endomorphism[A]
+
+	// Seq is an iterator over sequences of individual values.
+	// When called as seq(yield), seq calls yield(v) for each value v in the sequence,
+	// stopping early if yield returns false.
+	// See the [iter] package documentation for more details.
+	Seq[A any] = iter.Seq[A]
 )

v2/iterator/iter/async.go

@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2023 - 2025 IBM Corp.
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package iter
+
+import (
+	N "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/number"
+)
+
+// Async converts a synchronous sequence into an asynchronous buffered sequence.
+// It spawns a goroutine to consume the input sequence and sends values through
+// a buffered channel, allowing concurrent production and consumption of elements.
+//
+// The function provides backpressure control through the buffer size and properly
+// handles early termination when the consumer stops iterating. This is useful for
+// decoupling producers and consumers, enabling pipeline parallelism, or when you
+// need to process sequences concurrently.
+//
+// # Type Parameters
+//
+//   - T: The type of elements in the sequence
+//
+// # Parameters
+//
+//   - input: The source sequence to be consumed asynchronously
+//   - bufSize: The buffer size for the channel. Negative values are treated as 0 (unbuffered).
+//     A larger buffer allows more elements to be produced ahead of consumption,
+//     but uses more memory. A buffer of 0 creates an unbuffered channel requiring
+//     synchronization between producer and consumer.
+//
+// # Returns
+//
+//   - Seq[T]: A new sequence that yields elements from the input sequence asynchronously
+//
+// # Behavior
+//
+//   - Spawns a goroutine that consumes the input sequence
+//   - Elements are sent through a buffered channel to the output sequence
+//   - Properly handles early termination: if the consumer stops iterating (yield returns false),
+//     the producer goroutine is signaled to stop via a done channel
+//   - Both the producer goroutine and the done channel are properly cleaned up
+//   - The channel is closed when the input sequence is exhausted or early termination occurs
+//
+// # Example Usage
+//
+//	// Create an async sequence with a buffer of 10
+//	seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+//	async := Async(seq, 10)
+//
+//	// Elements are produced concurrently
+//	for v := range async {
+//	    fmt.Println(v) // Prints: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
+//	}
+//
+// # Example with Early Termination
+//
+//	seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
+//	async := Async(seq, 5)
+//
+//	// Stop after 3 elements - producer goroutine will be properly cleaned up
+//	count := 0
+//	for v := range async {
+//	    fmt.Println(v)
+//	    count++
+//	    if count >= 3 {
+//	        break
+//	    }
+//	}
+//
+// # Example with Unbuffered Channel
+//
+//	// bufSize of 0 creates an unbuffered channel
+//	seq := From(1, 2, 3)
+//	async := Async(seq, 0)
+//
+//	// Producer and consumer are synchronized
+//	for v := range async {
+//	    fmt.Println(v)
+//	}
+//
+// # See Also
+//
+//   - From: Creates a sequence from values
+//   - Map: Transforms sequence elements
+//   - Filter: Filters sequence elements
+func Async[T any](input Seq[T], bufSize int) Seq[T] {
+	return func(yield func(T) bool) {
+		ch := make(chan T, N.Max(bufSize, 0))
+		done := make(chan Void)
+
+		go func() {
+			defer close(ch)
+			for v := range input {
+				select {
+				case ch <- v:
+				case <-done:
+					return
+				}
+			}
+		}()
+
+		defer close(done)
+		for v := range ch {
+			if !yield(v) {
+				return
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Async2 converts a synchronous key-value sequence into an asynchronous buffered sequence.
+// It spawns a goroutine to consume the input sequence and sends key-value pairs through
+// a buffered channel, allowing concurrent production and consumption of elements.
+//
+// This function is the Seq2 variant of Async, providing the same asynchronous behavior
+// for key-value sequences. It internally converts the Seq2 to a sequence of Pairs,
+// applies Async, and converts back to Seq2.
+//
+// # Type Parameters
+//
+//   - K: The type of keys in the sequence
+//   - V: The type of values in the sequence
+//
+// # Parameters
+//
+//   - input: The source key-value sequence to be consumed asynchronously
+//   - bufSize: The buffer size for the channel. Negative values are treated as 0 (unbuffered).
+//     A larger buffer allows more elements to be produced ahead of consumption,
+//     but uses more memory. A buffer of 0 creates an unbuffered channel requiring
+//     synchronization between producer and consumer.
+//
+// # Returns
+//
+//   - Seq2[K, V]: A new key-value sequence that yields elements from the input sequence asynchronously
+//
+// # Behavior
+//
+//   - Spawns a goroutine that consumes the input key-value sequence
+//   - Key-value pairs are sent through a buffered channel to the output sequence
+//   - Properly handles early termination: if the consumer stops iterating (yield returns false),
+//     the producer goroutine is signaled to stop via a done channel
+//   - Both the producer goroutine and the done channel are properly cleaned up
+//   - The channel is closed when the input sequence is exhausted or early termination occurs
+//
+// # Example Usage
+//
+//	// Create an async key-value sequence with a buffer of 10
+//	seq := MonadZip(From(1, 2, 3), From("a", "b", "c"))
+//	async := Async2(seq, 10)
+//
+//	// Elements are produced concurrently
+//	for k, v := range async {
+//	    fmt.Printf("%d: %s\n", k, v)
+//	}
+//	// Output:
+//	// 1: a
+//	// 2: b
+//	// 3: c
+//
+// # Example with Early Termination
+//
+//	seq := MonadZip(From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5), From("a", "b", "c", "d", "e"))
+//	async := Async2(seq, 5)
+//
+//	// Stop after 2 pairs - producer goroutine will be properly cleaned up
+//	count := 0
+//	for k, v := range async {
+//	    fmt.Printf("%d: %s\n", k, v)
+//	    count++
+//	    if count >= 2 {
+//	        break
+//	    }
+//	}
+//
+// # See Also
+//
+//   - Async: Asynchronous sequence for single-value sequences
+//   - ToSeqPair: Converts Seq2 to Seq of Pairs
+//   - FromSeqPair: Converts Seq of Pairs to Seq2
+//   - MonadZip: Creates key-value sequences from two sequences
+func Async2[K, V any](input Seq2[K, V], bufSize int) Seq2[K, V] {
+	return FromSeqPair(Async(ToSeqPair(input), bufSize))
+}

v2/iterator/iter/async_test.go

@@ -0,0 +1,905 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2023 - 2025 IBM Corp.
+// All rights reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+// http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package iter
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"sync/atomic"
+	"testing"
+	"time"
+
+	N "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/number"
+	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/pair"
+	"github.com/stretchr/testify/assert"
+)
+
+// TestAsync_Success tests basic Async functionality
+func TestAsync_Success(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("converts sequence to async with buffer", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+		async := Async(seq, 10)
+		result := toSlice(async)
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("preserves element order", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq := From("a", "b", "c", "d", "e")
+		async := Async(seq, 5)
+		result := toSlice(async)
+		assert.Equal(t, []string{"a", "b", "c", "d", "e"}, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("works with single element", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq := From(42)
+		async := Async(seq, 1)
+		result := toSlice(async)
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{42}, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("works with large sequence", func(t *testing.T) {
+		data := make([]int, 100)
+		for i := range data {
+			data[i] = i
+		}
+		seq := From(data...)
+		async := Async(seq, 20)
+		result := toSlice(async)
+		assert.Equal(t, data, result)
+	})
+}
+
+// TestAsync_BufferSizes tests different buffer sizes
+func TestAsync_BufferSizes(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("unbuffered channel (bufSize 0)", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq := From(1, 2, 3)
+		async := Async(seq, 0)
+		result := toSlice(async)
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{1, 2, 3}, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("small buffer", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+		async := Async(seq, 2)
+		result := toSlice(async)
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("large buffer", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+		async := Async(seq, 100)
+		result := toSlice(async)
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("negative buffer size treated as 0", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq := From(1, 2, 3)
+		async := Async(seq, -5)
+		result := toSlice(async)
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{1, 2, 3}, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("buffer size equals sequence length", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+		async := Async(seq, 5)
+		result := toSlice(async)
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("buffer size larger than sequence", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq := From(1, 2, 3)
+		async := Async(seq, 10)
+		result := toSlice(async)
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{1, 2, 3}, result)
+	})
+}
+
+// TestAsync_Empty tests Async with empty sequences
+func TestAsync_Empty(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("empty integer sequence", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq := Empty[int]()
+		async := Async(seq, 5)
+		result := toSlice(async)
+		assert.Empty(t, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("empty string sequence", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq := Empty[string]()
+		async := Async(seq, 10)
+		result := toSlice(async)
+		assert.Empty(t, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("empty with zero buffer", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq := Empty[int]()
+		async := Async(seq, 0)
+		result := toSlice(async)
+		assert.Empty(t, result)
+	})
+}
+
+// TestAsync_EarlyTermination tests that Async properly handles early termination
+func TestAsync_EarlyTermination(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("stops producer when consumer breaks", func(t *testing.T) {
+		var producerCount atomic.Int32
+
+		// Create a sequence that tracks how many elements were produced
+		seq := func(yield func(int) bool) {
+			for i := range 100 {
+				producerCount.Add(1)
+				if !yield(i) {
+					return
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		async := Async(seq, 10)
+
+		// Consume only 5 elements
+		count := 0
+		for range async {
+			count++
+			if count >= 5 {
+				break
+			}
+		}
+
+		// Give goroutine time to clean up
+		time.Sleep(10 * time.Millisecond)
+
+		// Producer should have stopped shortly after consumer stopped
+		// It may produce a few extra due to buffering, but not all 100
+		produced := producerCount.Load()
+		assert.LessOrEqual(t, produced, int32(20), "producer should stop after consumer breaks")
+		assert.GreaterOrEqual(t, produced, int32(5), "producer should produce at least what was consumed")
+	})
+
+	t.Run("handles yield returning false", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
+		async := Async(seq, 5)
+
+		collected := []int{}
+		for v := range async {
+			collected = append(collected, v)
+			if v == 3 {
+				break
+			}
+		}
+
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{1, 2, 3}, collected)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("early termination with unbuffered channel", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+		async := Async(seq, 0)
+
+		collected := []int{}
+		for v := range async {
+			collected = append(collected, v)
+			if v == 2 {
+				break
+			}
+		}
+
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{1, 2}, collected)
+	})
+}
+
+// TestAsync_WithComplexTypes tests Async with complex data types
+func TestAsync_WithComplexTypes(t *testing.T) {
+	type Person struct {
+		Name string
+		Age  int
+	}
+
+	t.Run("works with structs", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq := From(
+			Person{"Alice", 30},
+			Person{"Bob", 25},
+			Person{"Charlie", 35},
+		)
+		async := Async(seq, 5)
+		result := toSlice(async)
+		expected := []Person{
+			{"Alice", 30},
+			{"Bob", 25},
+			{"Charlie", 35},
+		}
+		assert.Equal(t, expected, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("works with pointers", func(t *testing.T) {
+		p1 := &Person{"Alice", 30}
+		p2 := &Person{"Bob", 25}
+		p3 := &Person{"Charlie", 35}
+		seq := From(p1, p2, p3)
+		async := Async(seq, 3)
+		result := toSlice(async)
+		assert.Equal(t, []*Person{p1, p2, p3}, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("works with slices", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq := From([]int{1, 2}, []int{3, 4}, []int{5, 6})
+		async := Async(seq, 2)
+		result := toSlice(async)
+		expected := [][]int{{1, 2}, {3, 4}, {5, 6}}
+		assert.Equal(t, expected, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("works with maps", func(t *testing.T) {
+		m1 := map[string]int{"a": 1}
+		m2 := map[string]int{"b": 2}
+		m3 := map[string]int{"c": 3}
+		seq := From(m1, m2, m3)
+		async := Async(seq, 3)
+		result := toSlice(async)
+		assert.Equal(t, []map[string]int{m1, m2, m3}, result)
+	})
+}
+
+// TestAsync_WithChainedOperations tests Async with other sequence operations
+func TestAsync_WithChainedOperations(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("async after map", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+		mapped := MonadMap(seq, N.Mul(2))
+		async := Async(mapped, 5)
+		result := toSlice(async)
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{2, 4, 6, 8, 10}, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("map after async", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+		async := Async(seq, 5)
+		mapped := MonadMap(async, N.Mul(2))
+		result := toSlice(mapped)
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{2, 4, 6, 8, 10}, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("async after filter", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
+		filtered := MonadFilter(seq, func(x int) bool { return x%2 == 0 })
+		async := Async(filtered, 5)
+		result := toSlice(async)
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{2, 4, 6, 8, 10}, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("filter after async", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
+		async := Async(seq, 5)
+		filtered := MonadFilter(async, func(x int) bool { return x%2 == 0 })
+		result := toSlice(filtered)
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{2, 4, 6, 8, 10}, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("async after chain", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq := From(1, 2, 3)
+		chained := MonadChain(seq, func(x int) Seq[int] {
+			return From(x, x*10)
+		})
+		async := Async(chained, 10)
+		result := toSlice(async)
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{1, 10, 2, 20, 3, 30}, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("multiple async operations", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+		async1 := Async(seq, 3)
+		async2 := Async(async1, 2)
+		result := toSlice(async2)
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, result)
+	})
+}
+
+// TestAsync_Concurrency tests concurrent behavior
+func TestAsync_Concurrency(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("allows concurrent production and consumption", func(t *testing.T) {
+		// Create a slow producer
+		seq := func(yield func(int) bool) {
+			for i := range 5 {
+				time.Sleep(5 * time.Millisecond)
+				if !yield(i) {
+					return
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		
+		async := Async(seq, 10)
+		
+		result := toSlice(async)
+		
+		// Verify all elements are produced correctly
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{0, 1, 2, 3, 4}, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("handles concurrent consumption safely", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
+		async := Async(seq, 5)
+		
+		// Consume with some processing time
+		var sum atomic.Int32
+		for v := range async {
+			sum.Add(int32(v))
+			time.Sleep(1 * time.Millisecond)
+		}
+		
+		assert.Equal(t, int32(55), sum.Load())
+	})
+}
+
+// TestAsync_EdgeCases tests edge cases
+func TestAsync_EdgeCases(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("very large buffer size", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq := From(1, 2, 3)
+		async := Async(seq, 1000000)
+		result := toSlice(async)
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{1, 2, 3}, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("buffer size of 1", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+		async := Async(seq, 1)
+		result := toSlice(async)
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("works with replicate", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq := Replicate(5, 42)
+		async := Async(seq, 3)
+		result := toSlice(async)
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{42, 42, 42, 42, 42}, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("works with makeBy", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq := MakeBy(5, func(i int) int { return i * i })
+		async := Async(seq, 3)
+		result := toSlice(async)
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{0, 1, 4, 9, 16}, result)
+	})
+}
+
+// Benchmark tests
+func BenchmarkAsync(b *testing.B) {
+	seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
+	b.ResetTimer()
+	for range b.N {
+		async := Async(seq, 5)
+		for range async {
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func BenchmarkAsync_LargeSequence(b *testing.B) {
+	data := make([]int, 1000)
+	for i := range data {
+		data[i] = i
+	}
+	seq := From(data...)
+	b.ResetTimer()
+	for range b.N {
+		async := Async(seq, 100)
+		for range async {
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func BenchmarkAsync_SmallBuffer(b *testing.B) {
+	seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
+	b.ResetTimer()
+	for range b.N {
+		async := Async(seq, 1)
+		for range async {
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func BenchmarkAsync_LargeBuffer(b *testing.B) {
+	seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
+	b.ResetTimer()
+	for range b.N {
+		async := Async(seq, 100)
+		for range async {
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func BenchmarkAsync_Unbuffered(b *testing.B) {
+	seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
+	b.ResetTimer()
+	for range b.N {
+		async := Async(seq, 0)
+		for range async {
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func BenchmarkAsync_WithMap(b *testing.B) {
+	seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
+	b.ResetTimer()
+	for range b.N {
+		async := Async(seq, 5)
+		mapped := MonadMap(async, N.Mul(2))
+		for range mapped {
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func BenchmarkAsync_WithFilter(b *testing.B) {
+	seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
+	b.ResetTimer()
+	for range b.N {
+		async := Async(seq, 5)
+		filtered := MonadFilter(async, func(x int) bool { return x%2 == 0 })
+		for range filtered {
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Example tests for documentation
+func ExampleAsync() {
+	seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+	async := Async(seq, 10)
+
+	for v := range async {
+		fmt.Printf("%d ", v)
+	}
+	// Output: 1 2 3 4 5
+}
+
+func ExampleAsync_unbuffered() {
+	seq := From(1, 2, 3)
+	async := Async(seq, 0)
+
+	for v := range async {
+		fmt.Printf("%d ", v)
+	}
+	// Output: 1 2 3
+}
+
+func ExampleAsync_earlyTermination() {
+	seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
+	async := Async(seq, 5)
+
+	count := 0
+	for v := range async {
+		fmt.Printf("%d ", v)
+		count++
+		if count >= 3 {
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	// Output: 1 2 3
+}
+
+func ExampleAsync_withMap() {
+	seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
+	async := Async(seq, 5)
+	doubled := MonadMap(async, N.Mul(2))
+
+	for v := range doubled {
+		fmt.Printf("%d ", v)
+	}
+	// Output: 2 4 6 8 10
+}
+
+func ExampleAsync_withFilter() {
+	seq := From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10)
+	async := Async(seq, 5)
+	evens := MonadFilter(async, func(x int) bool { return x%2 == 0 })
+
+	for v := range evens {
+		fmt.Printf("%d ", v)
+	}
+	// Output: 2 4 6 8 10
+}
+
+// TestAsync2_Success tests basic Async2 functionality
+func TestAsync2_Success(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("converts Seq2 to async with buffer", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq := MonadZip(From(1, 2, 3), From("a", "b", "c"))
+		async := Async2(seq, 10)
+		result := toMap(async)
+		expected := map[int]string{1: "a", 2: "b", 3: "c"}
+		assert.Equal(t, expected, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("preserves key-value pairs order", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq := MonadZip(From("x", "y", "z"), From(10, 20, 30))
+		async := Async2(seq, 5)
+		
+		keys := []string{}
+		values := []int{}
+		for k, v := range async {
+			keys = append(keys, k)
+			values = append(values, v)
+		}
+		
+		assert.Equal(t, []string{"x", "y", "z"}, keys)
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{10, 20, 30}, values)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("works with single pair", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq := Of2("key", 42)
+		async := Async2(seq, 1)
+		result := toMap(async)
+		assert.Equal(t, map[string]int{"key": 42}, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("works with large Seq2", func(t *testing.T) {
+		keys := make([]int, 100)
+		values := make([]string, 100)
+		for i := range keys {
+			keys[i] = i
+			values[i] = fmt.Sprintf("val%d", i)
+		}
+		seq := MonadZip(From(keys...), From(values...))
+		async := Async2(seq, 20)
+		result := toMap(async)
+		assert.Equal(t, 100, len(result))
+		for i := range 100 {
+			assert.Equal(t, fmt.Sprintf("val%d", i), result[i])
+		}
+	})
+}
+
+// TestAsync2_BufferSizes tests different buffer sizes
+func TestAsync2_BufferSizes(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("unbuffered channel (bufSize 0)", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq := MonadZip(From(1, 2, 3), From("a", "b", "c"))
+		async := Async2(seq, 0)
+		result := toMap(async)
+		expected := map[int]string{1: "a", 2: "b", 3: "c"}
+		assert.Equal(t, expected, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("negative buffer size treated as 0", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq := MonadZip(From(1, 2, 3), From("a", "b", "c"))
+		async := Async2(seq, -5)
+		result := toMap(async)
+		expected := map[int]string{1: "a", 2: "b", 3: "c"}
+		assert.Equal(t, expected, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("large buffer", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq := MonadZip(From(1, 2, 3), From("a", "b", "c"))
+		async := Async2(seq, 100)
+		result := toMap(async)
+		expected := map[int]string{1: "a", 2: "b", 3: "c"}
+		assert.Equal(t, expected, result)
+	})
+}
+
+// TestAsync2_Empty tests Async2 with empty sequences
+func TestAsync2_Empty(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("empty Seq2", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq := MonadZip(Empty[int](), Empty[string]())
+		async := Async2(seq, 5)
+		result := toMap(async)
+		assert.Empty(t, result)
+	})
+}
+
+// TestAsync2_EarlyTermination tests that Async2 properly handles early termination
+func TestAsync2_EarlyTermination(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("stops producer when consumer breaks", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq := MonadZip(From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10), From("a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g", "h", "i", "j"))
+		async := Async2(seq, 5)
+		
+		count := 0
+		for range async {
+			count++
+			if count >= 3 {
+				break
+			}
+		}
+		
+		assert.Equal(t, 3, count)
+	})
+}
+
+// TestAsync2_WithChainedOperations tests Async2 with other operations
+func TestAsync2_WithChainedOperations(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("async2 after map", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq := MonadZip(From(1, 2, 3), From(10, 20, 30))
+		mapped := MonadMapWithKey(seq, func(k, v int) int { return k + v })
+		async := Async2(mapped, 5)
+		result := toMap(async)
+		expected := map[int]int{1: 11, 2: 22, 3: 33}
+		assert.Equal(t, expected, result)
+	})
+}
+
+// TestToSeqPair_Success tests basic ToSeqPair functionality
+func TestToSeqPair_Success(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("converts Seq2 to Seq of Pairs", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq2 := MonadZip(From(1, 2, 3), From("a", "b", "c"))
+		pairs := ToSeqPair(seq2)
+		result := toSlice(pairs)
+		
+		assert.Equal(t, 3, len(result))
+		assert.Equal(t, 1, pair.Head(result[0]))
+		assert.Equal(t, "a", pair.Tail(result[0]))
+		assert.Equal(t, 2, pair.Head(result[1]))
+		assert.Equal(t, "b", pair.Tail(result[1]))
+		assert.Equal(t, 3, pair.Head(result[2]))
+		assert.Equal(t, "c", pair.Tail(result[2]))
+	})
+
+	t.Run("preserves order", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq2 := MonadZip(From("x", "y", "z"), From(10, 20, 30))
+		pairs := ToSeqPair(seq2)
+		result := toSlice(pairs)
+		
+		assert.Equal(t, 3, len(result))
+		for i, p := range result {
+			expectedKey := string(rune('x' + i))
+			expectedVal := (i + 1) * 10
+			assert.Equal(t, expectedKey, pair.Head(p))
+			assert.Equal(t, expectedVal, pair.Tail(p))
+		}
+	})
+
+	t.Run("works with single pair", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq2 := Of2("key", 42)
+		pairs := ToSeqPair(seq2)
+		result := toSlice(pairs)
+		
+		assert.Equal(t, 1, len(result))
+		assert.Equal(t, "key", pair.Head(result[0]))
+		assert.Equal(t, 42, pair.Tail(result[0]))
+	})
+}
+
+// TestToSeqPair_Empty tests ToSeqPair with empty sequences
+func TestToSeqPair_Empty(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("empty Seq2 produces empty Seq", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq2 := MonadZip(Empty[int](), Empty[string]())
+		pairs := ToSeqPair(seq2)
+		result := toSlice(pairs)
+		assert.Empty(t, result)
+	})
+}
+
+// TestToSeqPair_WithComplexTypes tests ToSeqPair with complex types
+func TestToSeqPair_WithComplexTypes(t *testing.T) {
+	type Person struct {
+		Name string
+		Age  int
+	}
+
+	t.Run("works with struct values", func(t *testing.T) {
+		seq2 := MonadZip(
+			From(1, 2, 3),
+			From(Person{"Alice", 30}, Person{"Bob", 25}, Person{"Charlie", 35}),
+		)
+		pairs := ToSeqPair(seq2)
+		result := toSlice(pairs)
+		
+		assert.Equal(t, 3, len(result))
+		assert.Equal(t, 1, pair.Head(result[0]))
+		assert.Equal(t, Person{"Alice", 30}, pair.Tail(result[0]))
+	})
+}
+
+// TestFromSeqPair_Success tests basic FromSeqPair functionality
+func TestFromSeqPair_Success(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("converts Seq of Pairs to Seq2", func(t *testing.T) {
+		pairs := From(
+			pair.MakePair(1, "a"),
+			pair.MakePair(2, "b"),
+			pair.MakePair(3, "c"),
+		)
+		seq2 := FromSeqPair(pairs)
+		result := toMap(seq2)
+		
+		expected := map[int]string{1: "a", 2: "b", 3: "c"}
+		assert.Equal(t, expected, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("preserves order", func(t *testing.T) {
+		pairs := From(
+			pair.MakePair("x", 10),
+			pair.MakePair("y", 20),
+			pair.MakePair("z", 30),
+		)
+		seq2 := FromSeqPair(pairs)
+		
+		keys := []string{}
+		values := []int{}
+		for k, v := range seq2 {
+			keys = append(keys, k)
+			values = append(values, v)
+		}
+		
+		assert.Equal(t, []string{"x", "y", "z"}, keys)
+		assert.Equal(t, []int{10, 20, 30}, values)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("works with single pair", func(t *testing.T) {
+		pairs := From(pair.MakePair("key", 42))
+		seq2 := FromSeqPair(pairs)
+		result := toMap(seq2)
+		
+		assert.Equal(t, map[string]int{"key": 42}, result)
+	})
+}
+
+// TestFromSeqPair_Empty tests FromSeqPair with empty sequences
+func TestFromSeqPair_Empty(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("empty Seq produces empty Seq2", func(t *testing.T) {
+		pairs := Empty[Pair[int, string]]()
+		seq2 := FromSeqPair(pairs)
+		result := toMap(seq2)
+		assert.Empty(t, result)
+	})
+}
+
+// TestFromSeqPair_WithComplexTypes tests FromSeqPair with complex types
+func TestFromSeqPair_WithComplexTypes(t *testing.T) {
+	type Person struct {
+		Name string
+		Age  int
+	}
+
+	t.Run("works with struct values", func(t *testing.T) {
+		pairs := From(
+			pair.MakePair(1, Person{"Alice", 30}),
+			pair.MakePair(2, Person{"Bob", 25}),
+			pair.MakePair(3, Person{"Charlie", 35}),
+		)
+		seq2 := FromSeqPair(pairs)
+		result := toMap(seq2)
+		
+		expected := map[int]Person{
+			1: {"Alice", 30},
+			2: {"Bob", 25},
+			3: {"Charlie", 35},
+		}
+		assert.Equal(t, expected, result)
+	})
+}
+
+// TestRoundTrip tests that ToSeqPair and FromSeqPair are inverses
+func TestRoundTrip(t *testing.T) {
+	t.Run("ToSeqPair then FromSeqPair", func(t *testing.T) {
+		original := MonadZip(From(1, 2, 3), From("a", "b", "c"))
+		pairs := ToSeqPair(original)
+		restored := FromSeqPair(pairs)
+		result := toMap(restored)
+		
+		expected := map[int]string{1: "a", 2: "b", 3: "c"}
+		assert.Equal(t, expected, result)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("FromSeqPair then ToSeqPair", func(t *testing.T) {
+		original := From(
+			pair.MakePair(1, "a"),
+			pair.MakePair(2, "b"),
+			pair.MakePair(3, "c"),
+		)
+		seq2 := FromSeqPair(original)
+		restored := ToSeqPair(seq2)
+		result := toSlice(restored)
+		
+		assert.Equal(t, 3, len(result))
+		assert.Equal(t, 1, pair.Head(result[0]))
+		assert.Equal(t, "a", pair.Tail(result[0]))
+	})
+}
+
+// Benchmark tests for Async2
+func BenchmarkAsync2(b *testing.B) {
+	seq := MonadZip(From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10), From("a", "b", "c", "d", "e", "f", "g", "h", "i", "j"))
+	b.ResetTimer()
+	for range b.N {
+		async := Async2(seq, 5)
+		for range async {
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func BenchmarkAsync2_LargeSequence(b *testing.B) {
+	keys := make([]int, 1000)
+	values := make([]string, 1000)
+	for i := range keys {
+		keys[i] = i
+		values[i] = fmt.Sprintf("val%d", i)
+	}
+	seq := MonadZip(From(keys...), From(values...))
+	b.ResetTimer()
+	for range b.N {
+		async := Async2(seq, 100)
+		for range async {
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Benchmark tests for FromSeqPair
+func BenchmarkFromSeqPair(b *testing.B) {
+	pairs := From(
+		pair.MakePair(1, "a"),
+		pair.MakePair(2, "b"),
+		pair.MakePair(3, "c"),
+		pair.MakePair(4, "d"),
+		pair.MakePair(5, "e"),
+	)
+	b.ResetTimer()
+	for range b.N {
+		seq2 := FromSeqPair(pairs)
+		for range seq2 {
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func BenchmarkRoundTrip(b *testing.B) {
+	seq := MonadZip(From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5), From("a", "b", "c", "d", "e"))
+	b.ResetTimer()
+	for range b.N {
+		pairs := ToSeqPair(seq)
+		restored := FromSeqPair(pairs)
+		for range restored {
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+// Example tests for Async2
+func ExampleAsync2() {
+	seq := MonadZip(From(1, 2, 3), From("a", "b", "c"))
+	async := Async2(seq, 10)
+
+	for k, v := range async {
+		fmt.Printf("%d: %s\n", k, v)
+	}
+	// Output:
+	// 1: a
+	// 2: b
+	// 3: c
+}
+
+func ExampleAsync2_earlyTermination() {
+	seq := MonadZip(From(1, 2, 3, 4, 5), From("a", "b", "c", "d", "e"))
+	async := Async2(seq, 5)
+
+	count := 0
+	for k, v := range async {
+		fmt.Printf("%d: %s\n", k, v)
+		count++
+		if count >= 2 {
+			break
+		}
+	}
+	// Output:
+	// 1: a
+	// 2: b
+}
+
+// Example tests for FromSeqPair
+func ExampleFromSeqPair() {
+	pairs := From(
+		pair.MakePair(1, "a"),
+		pair.MakePair(2, "b"),
+		pair.MakePair(3, "c"),
+	)
+	seq2 := FromSeqPair(pairs)
+
+	for k, v := range seq2 {
+		fmt.Printf("%d: %s\n", k, v)
+	}
+	// Output:
+	// 1: a
+	// 2: b
+	// 3: c
+}
+
+

v2/iterator/iter/iter.go

@@ -1002,3 +1002,80 @@ func ToSeqPair[A, B any](as Seq2[A, B]) Seq[Pair[A, B]] {
 		}
 	}
 }
+
+// FromSeqPair converts a sequence of Pairs into a key-value sequence.
+//
+// This function transforms a Seq[Pair[A, B]] (which yields Pair objects when iterated)
+// into a Seq2[A, B] (which yields key-value pairs as separate arguments). This is the
+// inverse operation of ToSeqPair and is useful when you need to convert from working
+// with pairs as first-class values back to the key-value iteration pattern.
+//
+// # Type Parameters
+//
+//   - A: The type of the first element (key) in each pair
+//   - B: The type of the second element (value) in each pair
+//
+// # Parameters
+//
+//   - as: A Seq that yields Pair objects
+//
+// # Returns
+//
+//   - Seq2[A, B]: A key-value sequence that yields the unpacked pairs
+//
+// # Example Usage
+//
+//	// Create a sequence of pairs
+//	pairs := From(
+//	    pair.MakePair("a", 1),
+//	    pair.MakePair("b", 2),
+//	    pair.MakePair("c", 3),
+//	)
+//	seq2 := FromSeqPair(pairs)
+//
+//	// Iterate as key-value pairs
+//	for k, v := range seq2 {
+//	    fmt.Printf("%s: %d\n", k, v)
+//	}
+//	// Output:
+//	// a: 1
+//	// b: 2
+//	// c: 3
+//
+// # Example with Map
+//
+//	pairs := From(
+//	    pair.MakePair(1, 10),
+//	    pair.MakePair(2, 20),
+//	    pair.MakePair(3, 30),
+//	)
+//	seq2 := FromSeqPair(pairs)
+//
+//	// Use with Seq2 operations
+//	mapped := MonadMapWithKey(seq2, func(k, v int) int {
+//	    return k + v
+//	})
+//	// yields: 11, 22, 33
+//
+// # Example - Round-trip conversion
+//
+//	original := MonadZip(From(1, 2, 3), From("a", "b", "c"))
+//	pairs := ToSeqPair(original)
+//	restored := FromSeqPair(pairs)
+//	// restored is equivalent to original
+//
+// # See Also
+//
+//   - ToSeqPair: Converts Seq2 to Seq of Pairs (inverse operation)
+//   - MonadZip: Creates key-value sequences from two sequences
+//   - pair.MakePair: Creates a Pair from two values
+//   - pair.Unpack: Unpacks a Pair into two values
+func FromSeqPair[A, B any](as Seq[Pair[A, B]]) Seq2[A, B] {
+	return func(yield func(A, B) bool) {
+		for p := range as {
+			if !yield(pair.Unpack(p)) {
+				return
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}

v2/number/utils.go

@@ -115,10 +115,7 @@ func Inc[T Number](value T) T {
 //	result := Min(5, 10) // returns 5
 //	result := Min(3.14, 2.71) // returns 2.71
 func Min[A C.Ordered](a, b A) A {
-	if a < b {
-		return a
-	}
-	return b
+	return min(a, b)
 }
 
 // Max returns the maximum of two ordered values.
@@ -132,10 +129,7 @@ func Min[A C.Ordered](a, b A) A {
 //	result := Max(5, 10) // returns 10
 //	result := Max(3.14, 2.71) // returns 3.14
 func Max[A C.Ordered](a, b A) A {
-	if a > b {
-		return a
-	}
-	return b
+	return max(a, b)
 }
 
 // MoreThan is a curried comparison function that checks if a value is more than (greater than) another.

v2/optics/lens/lens.go

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/endomorphism"
 	EQ "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/eq"
 	F "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/function"
+	"github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/internal/functor"
 )
 
 // setCopy wraps a setter for a pointer into a setter that first creates a copy before
@@ -909,6 +910,83 @@ func Modify[S any, FCT ~func(A) A, A any](f FCT) func(Lens[S, A]) Endomorphism[S
 	}
 }
 
+// ModifyF transforms a value through a lens using a function that returns a value in a functor context.
+//
+// This is the functorial version of Modify, allowing transformations that produce effects
+// (like Option, Either, IO, etc.) while updating the focused value. The functor's map operation
+// is used to apply the lens's setter to the transformed value, preserving the computational context.
+//
+// This function corresponds to modifyF from monocle-ts, enabling effectful updates through lenses.
+//
+// # Type Parameters
+//
+//   - S: Structure type
+//   - A: Focus type (the value being transformed)
+//   - HKTA: Higher-kinded type containing the transformed value (e.g., Option[A], Either[E, A])
+//   - HKTS: Higher-kinded type containing the updated structure (e.g., Option[S], Either[E, S])
+//
+// # Parameters
+//
+//   - fmap: A functor map operation that transforms A to S within the functor context
+//
+// # Returns
+//
+//   - A curried function that takes:
+//     1. A transformation function (A → HKTA)
+//     2. A Lens[S, A]
+//     3. A structure S
+//     And returns the updated structure in the functor context (HKTS)
+//
+// # Example Usage
+//
+//	type Person struct {
+//	    Name string
+//	    Age  int
+//	}
+//
+//	ageLens := lens.MakeLens(
+//	    func(p Person) int { return p.Age },
+//	    func(p Person, age int) Person { p.Age = age; return p },
+//	)
+//
+//	// Validate age is positive, returning Option
+//	validateAge := func(age int) option.Option[int] {
+//	    if age > 0 {
+//	        return option.Some(age)
+//	    }
+//	    return option.None[int]()
+//	}
+//
+//	// Create a modifier that validates while updating
+//	modifyAge := lens.ModifyF[Person, int](option.Functor[int, Person]().Map)
+//
+//	person := Person{Name: "Alice", Age: 30}
+//	result := modifyAge(validateAge)(ageLens)(person)
+//	// result is Some(Person{Name: "Alice", Age: 30})
+//
+//	invalidResult := modifyAge(func(age int) option.Option[int] {
+//	    return option.None[int]()
+//	})(ageLens)(person)
+//	// invalidResult is None[Person]()
+//
+// # See Also
+//
+//   - Modify: Non-functorial version for simple transformations
+//   - functor.Functor: The functor interface used for mapping
+func ModifyF[S, A, HKTA, HKTS any](
+	fmap functor.MapType[A, S, HKTA, HKTS],
+) func(func(A) HKTA) func(Lens[S, A]) func(S) HKTS {
+	return func(f func(A) HKTA) func(Lens[S, A]) func(S) HKTS {
+		return func(sa Lens[S, A]) func(S) HKTS {
+			return func(s S) HKTS {
+				return fmap(func(a A) S {
+					return sa.Set(a)(s)
+				})(f(sa.Get(s)))
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 // IMap transforms the focus type of a lens using an isomorphism.
 //
 // An isomorphism is a pair of functions (A → B, B → A) that are inverses of each other.

v2/optics/lens/lens_test.go

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 package lens
 
 import (
+	"errors"
 	"testing"
 
 	EQ "github.com/IBM/fp-go/v2/eq"
@@ -937,3 +938,367 @@ func TestMakeLensWithEq_WithNilState_MultipleOperations(t *testing.T) {
 	assert.NotNil(t, street4)
 	assert.Equal(t, "", street4.name)
 }
+
+// TestModifyF_Success tests ModifyF with a simple Maybe-like functor for successful transformations
+func TestModifyF_Success(t *testing.T) {
+	// Define a simple Maybe type for testing
+	type Maybe[A any] struct {
+		value *A
+	}
+
+	some := func(a int) Maybe[int] {
+		return Maybe[int]{value: &a}
+	}
+
+	none := func() Maybe[int] {
+		return Maybe[int]{value: nil}
+	}
+
+	// Functor map for Maybe
+	maybeMap := func(f func(int) Inner) func(Maybe[int]) Maybe[Inner] {
+		return func(ma Maybe[int]) Maybe[Inner] {
+			if ma.value == nil {
+				return Maybe[Inner]{value: nil}
+			}
+			result := f(*ma.value)
+			return Maybe[Inner]{value: &result}
+		}
+	}
+
+	t.Run("transforms value with successful result", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ageLens := MakeLens(
+			func(p Inner) int { return p.Value },
+			func(p Inner, age int) Inner { p.Value = age; return p },
+		)
+
+		// Function that returns Some for positive values
+		validatePositive := func(n int) Maybe[int] {
+			if n > 0 {
+				return some(n * 2)
+			}
+			return none()
+		}
+
+		modifyAge := ModifyF[Inner, int](maybeMap)
+
+		person := Inner{Value: 5, Foo: "test"}
+		result := modifyAge(validatePositive)(ageLens)(person)
+
+		assert.NotNil(t, result.value)
+		updated := *result.value
+		assert.Equal(t, 10, updated.Value)
+		assert.Equal(t, "test", updated.Foo)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("preserves structure with identity transformation", func(t *testing.T) {
+		type MaybeStr struct {
+			value *string
+		}
+
+		someStr := func(s string) MaybeStr {
+			return MaybeStr{value: &s}
+		}
+
+		maybeStrMap := func(f func(string) Street) func(MaybeStr) struct{ value *Street } {
+			return func(ma MaybeStr) struct{ value *Street } {
+				if ma.value == nil {
+					return struct{ value *Street }{value: nil}
+				}
+				result := f(*ma.value)
+				return struct{ value *Street }{value: &result}
+			}
+		}
+
+		nameLens := MakeLens(
+			func(s Street) string { return s.name },
+			func(s Street, name string) Street { s.name = name; return s },
+		)
+
+		identity := func(s string) MaybeStr {
+			return someStr(s)
+		}
+
+		modifyName := ModifyF[Street, string](maybeStrMap)
+
+		street := Street{num: 1, name: "Main"}
+		result := modifyName(identity)(nameLens)(street)
+
+		assert.NotNil(t, result.value)
+		assert.Equal(t, street, *result.value)
+	})
+}
+
+// TestModifyF_Failure tests ModifyF with failures
+func TestModifyF_Failure(t *testing.T) {
+	type Maybe[A any] struct {
+		value *A
+	}
+
+	some := func(a int) Maybe[int] {
+		return Maybe[int]{value: &a}
+	}
+
+	none := func() Maybe[int] {
+		return Maybe[int]{value: nil}
+	}
+
+	maybeMap := func(f func(int) Inner) func(Maybe[int]) Maybe[Inner] {
+		return func(ma Maybe[int]) Maybe[Inner] {
+			if ma.value == nil {
+				return Maybe[Inner]{value: nil}
+			}
+			result := f(*ma.value)
+			return Maybe[Inner]{value: &result}
+		}
+	}
+
+	t.Run("returns None when transformation fails", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ageLens := MakeLens(
+			func(p Inner) int { return p.Value },
+			func(p Inner, age int) Inner { p.Value = age; return p },
+		)
+
+		validatePositive := func(n int) Maybe[int] {
+			if n > 0 {
+				return some(n)
+			}
+			return none()
+		}
+
+		modifyAge := ModifyF[Inner, int](maybeMap)
+
+		person := Inner{Value: -5, Foo: "test"}
+		result := modifyAge(validatePositive)(ageLens)(person)
+
+		assert.Nil(t, result.value)
+	})
+}
+
+// TestModifyF_WithResult tests ModifyF with Result/Either-like functor
+func TestModifyF_WithResult(t *testing.T) {
+	type Result[A any] struct {
+		value *A
+		err   error
+	}
+
+	ok := func(a int) Result[int] {
+		return Result[int]{value: &a, err: nil}
+	}
+
+	fail := func(e error) Result[int] {
+		return Result[int]{value: nil, err: e}
+	}
+
+	resultMap := func(f func(int) Inner) func(Result[int]) Result[Inner] {
+		return func(r Result[int]) Result[Inner] {
+			if r.err != nil {
+				return Result[Inner]{value: nil, err: r.err}
+			}
+			result := f(*r.value)
+			return Result[Inner]{value: &result, err: nil}
+		}
+	}
+
+	t.Run("returns success for valid transformation", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ageLens := MakeLens(
+			func(p Inner) int { return p.Value },
+			func(p Inner, age int) Inner { p.Value = age; return p },
+		)
+
+		validateAge := func(n int) Result[int] {
+			if n >= 0 && n <= 150 {
+				return ok(n + 1)
+			}
+			return fail(errors.New("age out of range"))
+		}
+
+		modifyAge := ModifyF[Inner, int](resultMap)
+
+		person := Inner{Value: 30, Foo: "test"}
+		result := modifyAge(validateAge)(ageLens)(person)
+
+		assert.Nil(t, result.err)
+		assert.NotNil(t, result.value)
+		assert.Equal(t, 31, result.value.Value)
+		assert.Equal(t, "test", result.value.Foo)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("returns error for failed validation", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ageLens := MakeLens(
+			func(p Inner) int { return p.Value },
+			func(p Inner, age int) Inner { p.Value = age; return p },
+		)
+
+		validateAge := func(n int) Result[int] {
+			if n >= 0 && n <= 150 {
+				return ok(n)
+			}
+			return fail(errors.New("age out of range"))
+		}
+
+		modifyAge := ModifyF[Inner, int](resultMap)
+
+		person := Inner{Value: 200, Foo: "test"}
+		result := modifyAge(validateAge)(ageLens)(person)
+
+		assert.NotNil(t, result.err)
+		assert.Equal(t, "age out of range", result.err.Error())
+		assert.Nil(t, result.value)
+	})
+}
+
+// TestModifyF_EdgeCases tests edge cases for ModifyF
+func TestModifyF_EdgeCases(t *testing.T) {
+	type Maybe[A any] struct {
+		value *A
+	}
+
+	some := func(a int) Maybe[int] {
+		return Maybe[int]{value: &a}
+	}
+
+	maybeMap := func(f func(int) Inner) func(Maybe[int]) Maybe[Inner] {
+		return func(ma Maybe[int]) Maybe[Inner] {
+			if ma.value == nil {
+				return Maybe[Inner]{value: nil}
+			}
+			result := f(*ma.value)
+			return Maybe[Inner]{value: &result}
+		}
+	}
+
+	t.Run("handles zero values", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ageLens := MakeLens(
+			func(p Inner) int { return p.Value },
+			func(p Inner, age int) Inner { p.Value = age; return p },
+		)
+
+		identity := func(n int) Maybe[int] {
+			return some(n)
+		}
+
+		modifyAge := ModifyF[Inner, int](maybeMap)
+
+		person := Inner{Value: 0, Foo: ""}
+		result := modifyAge(identity)(ageLens)(person)
+
+		assert.NotNil(t, result.value)
+		assert.Equal(t, person, *result.value)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("works with composed lenses", func(t *testing.T) {
+		innerLens := MakeLens(
+			Outer.GetInner,
+			Outer.SetInner,
+		)
+		valueLens := MakeLensRef(
+			(*Inner).GetValue,
+			(*Inner).SetValue,
+		)
+
+		composedLens := Compose[Outer](valueLens)(innerLens)
+
+		maybeMapOuter := func(f func(int) Outer) func(Maybe[int]) Maybe[Outer] {
+			return func(ma Maybe[int]) Maybe[Outer] {
+				if ma.value == nil {
+					return Maybe[Outer]{value: nil}
+				}
+				result := f(*ma.value)
+				return Maybe[Outer]{value: &result}
+			}
+		}
+
+		validatePositive := func(n int) Maybe[int] {
+			if n > 0 {
+				return some(n * 2)
+			}
+			return Maybe[int]{value: nil}
+		}
+
+		modifyValue := ModifyF[Outer, int](maybeMapOuter)
+
+		outer := Outer{inner: &Inner{Value: 5, Foo: "test"}}
+		result := modifyValue(validatePositive)(composedLens)(outer)
+
+		assert.NotNil(t, result.value)
+		assert.Equal(t, 10, result.value.inner.Value)
+		assert.Equal(t, "test", result.value.inner.Foo)
+	})
+}
+
+// TestModifyF_Integration tests integration scenarios
+func TestModifyF_Integration(t *testing.T) {
+	type Maybe[A any] struct {
+		value *A
+	}
+
+	some := func(a int) Maybe[int] {
+		return Maybe[int]{value: &a}
+	}
+
+	maybeMap := func(f func(int) Inner) func(Maybe[int]) Maybe[Inner] {
+		return func(ma Maybe[int]) Maybe[Inner] {
+			if ma.value == nil {
+				return Maybe[Inner]{value: nil}
+			}
+			result := f(*ma.value)
+			return Maybe[Inner]{value: &result}
+		}
+	}
+
+	t.Run("chains multiple ModifyF operations", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ageLens := MakeLens(
+			func(p Inner) int { return p.Value },
+			func(p Inner, age int) Inner { p.Value = age; return p },
+		)
+
+		increment := func(n int) Maybe[int] {
+			return some(n + 1)
+		}
+
+		modifyAge := ModifyF[Inner, int](maybeMap)
+
+		person := Inner{Value: 5, Foo: "test"}
+
+		// Apply transformation twice
+		result1 := modifyAge(increment)(ageLens)(person)
+		assert.NotNil(t, result1.value)
+
+		result2 := modifyAge(increment)(ageLens)(*result1.value)
+		assert.NotNil(t, result2.value)
+
+		assert.Equal(t, 7, result2.value.Value)
+	})
+
+	t.Run("combines with regular Modify", func(t *testing.T) {
+		ageLens := MakeLens(
+			func(p Inner) int { return p.Value },
+			func(p Inner, age int) Inner { p.Value = age; return p },
+		)
+
+		// First use regular Modify
+		person := Inner{Value: 5, Foo: "test"}
+		modified := F.Pipe2(
+			ageLens,
+			Modify[Inner](func(n int) int { return n * 2 }),
+			func(endoFn func(Inner) Inner) Inner {
+				return endoFn(person)
+			},
+		)
+
+		assert.Equal(t, 10, modified.Value)
+
+		// Then use ModifyF with validation
+		validateRange := func(n int) Maybe[int] {
+			if n >= 0 && n <= 100 {
+				return some(n)
+			}
+			return Maybe[int]{value: nil}
+		}
+
+		modifyAge := ModifyF[Inner, int](maybeMap)
+		result := modifyAge(validateRange)(ageLens)(modified)
+
+		assert.NotNil(t, result.value)
+	})
+}