feat: add async exercises

.editorconfig

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+root = true
+
+[*.rs]
+end_of_line = lf
+insert_final_newline = true
+indent_style = space
+indent_size = 4

.github/workflows/rust.yml

@@ -1,16 +1,10 @@
-name: Check
+name: Rustlings Tests
 
 on:
   push:
     branches: [main]
-    paths-ignore:
-      - website
-      - '*.md'
   pull_request:
     branches: [main]
-    paths-ignore:
-      - website
-      - '*.md'
 
 env:
   CARGO_TERM_COLOR: always
@@ -20,12 +14,14 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - name: Clippy
-        run: cargo clippy -- --deny warnings
+      - run: cargo clippy -- --deny warnings
   fmt:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+      - uses: DavidAnson/markdownlint-cli2-action@v16
+        with:
+          globs: "exercises/**/*.md"
       - name: rustfmt
         run: cargo fmt --all --check
   test:
@@ -44,4 +40,4 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/checkout@v4
       - uses: swatinem/rust-cache@v2
       - name: rustlings dev check
-        run: cargo dev check --require-solutions
+        run: cargo run -- dev check --require-solutions

.github/workflows/web.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+# Workflow to build your docs with oranda (and mdbook)
+# and deploy them to Github Pages
+name: Web
+
+# We're going to push to the gh-pages branch, so we need that permission
+permissions:
+  contents: write
+
+# What situations do we want to build docs in?
+# All of these work independently and can be removed / commented out
+# if you don't want oranda/mdbook running in that situation
+on:
+  # Check that a PR didn't break docs!
+  #
+  # Note that the "Deploy to Github Pages" step won't run in this mode,
+  # so this won't have any side-effects. But it will tell you if a PR
+  # completely broke oranda/mdbook. Sadly we don't provide previews (yet)!
+  pull_request:
+
+  # Whenever something gets pushed to main, update the docs!
+  # This is great for getting docs changes live without cutting a full release.
+  #
+  # Note that if you're using cargo-dist, this will "race" the Release workflow
+  # that actually builds the Github Release that oranda tries to read (and
+  # this will almost certainly complete first). As a result you will publish
+  # docs for the latest commit but the oranda landing page won't know about
+  # the latest release. The workflow_run trigger below will properly wait for
+  # cargo-dist, and so this half-published state will only last for ~10 minutes.
+  #
+  # If you only want docs to update with releases, disable this, or change it to
+  # a "release" branch. You can, of course, also manually trigger a workflow run
+  # when you want the docs to update.
+  push:
+    branches:
+      - main
+
+  # Whenever a workflow called "Release" completes, update the docs!
+  #
+  # If you're using cargo-dist, this is recommended, as it will ensure that
+  # oranda always sees the latest release right when it's available. Note
+  # however that Github's UI is wonky when you use workflow_run, and won't
+  # show this workflow as part of any commit. You have to go to the "actions"
+  # tab for your repo to see this one running (the gh-pages deploy will also
+  # only show up there).
+  workflow_run:
+    workflows: [ "Release" ]
+    types:
+      - completed
+
+# Alright, let's do it!
+jobs:
+  web:
+    name: Build and deploy site and docs
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      # Setup
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+      - uses: swatinem/rust-cache@v2
+
+      # If you use any mdbook plugins, here's the place to install them!
+
+      # Install and run oranda (and mdbook)
+      # This will write all output to ./public/ (including copying mdbook's output to there)
+      - name: Install and run oranda
+        run: |
+          curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -LsSf https://github.com/axodotdev/oranda/releases/download/v0.3.1/oranda-installer.sh | sh
+          oranda build
+
+      # Deploy to our gh-pages branch (creating it if it doesn't exist)
+      # the "public" dir that oranda made above will become the root dir
+      # of this branch.
+      #
+      # Note that once the gh-pages branch exists, you must
+      # go into repo's settings > pages and set "deploy from branch: gh-pages"
+      # the other defaults work fine.
+      - name: Deploy to Github Pages
+        uses: JamesIves/github-pages-deploy-action@v4.4.1
+        # ONLY if we're on main (so no PRs or feature branches allowed!)
+        if: ${{ github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' }}
+        with:
+          branch: gh-pages
+          # Gotta tell the action where to find oranda's output
+          folder: public
+          token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
+          single-commit: true

.github/workflows/website.yml

@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
-name: Website
-
-on:
-  workflow_dispatch:
-  push:
-    branches: [main]
-    paths: [website]
-
-jobs:
-  build:
-    defaults:
-      run:
-        working-directory: website
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
-      - name: Install TailwindCSS
-        run: npm install
-      - name: Build CSS
-        run: npx @tailwindcss/cli -m -i input.css -o static/main.css
-      - name: Download Zola
-        run: curl -fsSL https://github.com/getzola/zola/releases/download/v0.20.0/zola-v0.20.0-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.gz | tar xz
-      - name: Build site
-        run: ./zola build
-      - name: Upload static files as artifact
-        uses: actions/upload-pages-artifact@v3
-        with:
-          path: website/public/
-
-  deploy:
-    needs: build
-    # Grant GITHUB_TOKEN the permissions required to make a Pages deployment
-    permissions:
-      pages: write    # to deploy to Pages
-      id-token: write # to verify the deployment originates from an appropriate source
-    # Deploy to the github-pages environment
-    environment:
-      name: github-pages
-      url: ${{ steps.deployment.outputs.page_url }}
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    steps:
-      - name: Deploy to GitHub Pages
-        uses: actions/deploy-pages@v4

.gitignore

@@ -6,6 +6,10 @@ Cargo.lock
 # State file
 .rustlings-state.txt
 
+# oranda
+public/
+.netlify
+
 # OS
 .DS_Store
 .direnv/

.markdownlint.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+# MD013/line-length Line length, Expected: 80
+MD013: false

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -2,26 +2,10 @@
 
 ### Changed
 
-- `vecs2`: Removed the use of `map` and `collect`, which are only taught later.
-
-## 6.5.0 (2025-08-21)
-
-### Added
-
-- Check that Clippy is installed before initialization
-
-### Changed
-
 - Upgrade to Rust edition 2024
-- Raise the minimum supported Rust version to `1.88`
-- Don't follow symlinks in the file watcher
-- `dev new`: Don't add `.rustlings-state.txt` to `.gitignore`
+- Raise the minimum supported Rust version to `1.87`
 
-### Fixed
-
-- Fix file links in VS Code
-- Fix error printing when the progress bar is shown
-- `dev check`: Don't check formatting if there are no solution files
+<a name="6.4.0"></a>
 
 ## 6.4.0 (2024-11-11)
 
@@ -34,7 +18,7 @@
 - New option `x` in the prompt to reset the file of the current exercise 🔄
 - Allow `dead_code` for all exercises and solutions ⚰️ (thanks to [@huss4in](https://github.com/huss4in))
 - Pause input while running an exercise to avoid unexpected prompt interactions ⏸️
-- Limit the maximum number of exercises to 999. Any community exercises willing to reach that limit? 🔝
+- Limit the maximum number of exercises to 999. Any third-party exercises willing to reach that limit? 🔝
 
 ### Changed
 
@@ -52,6 +36,8 @@
 
 - Fix bad contrast in the list on terminals with a light theme.
 
+<a name="6.3.0"></a>
+
 ## 6.3.0 (2024-08-29)
 
 ### Added
@@ -91,6 +77,8 @@
 - Fix the list when the terminal height is too low.
 - Restore the terminal after an error in the list.
 
+<a name="6.2.0"></a>
+
 ## 6.2.0 (2024-08-09)
 
 ### Added
@@ -107,11 +95,13 @@
 - Run the final check of all exercises in parallel.
 - Small exercise improvements.
 
+<a name="6.1.0"></a>
+
 ## 6.1.0 (2024-07-10)
 
 #### Added
 
-- `dev check`: Check that all exercises (including community ones) include at least one `TODO` comment.
+- `dev check`: Check that all exercises (including third-party ones) include at least one `TODO` comment.
 - `dev check`: Check that all exercises actually fail to run (not already solved).
 
 #### Changed
@@ -124,11 +114,15 @@
 - Exit with a helpful error message on missing/unsupported terminal/TTY.
 - Mark the last exercise as done.
 
+<a name="6.0.1"></a>
+
 ## 6.0.1 (2024-07-04)
 
 Small exercise improvements and fixes.
 Most importantly, fixed that the exercise `clippy1` was already solved 😅
 
+<a name="6.0.0"></a>
+
 ## 6.0.0 (2024-07-03)
 
 This release is the result of a complete rewrite to deliver a ton of new features and improvements ✨
@@ -186,13 +180,15 @@ This should avoid issues related to the language server or to running exercises,
 Clippy lints are now shown on all exercises, not only the Clippy exercises 📎
 Make Clippy your friend from early on 🥰
 
-### Community Exercises
+### Third-party exercises
 
-Rustlings now supports community exercises!
+Rustlings now supports third-party exercises!
 
 Do you want to create your own set of Rustlings exercises to focus on some specific topic?
 Or do you want to translate the original Rustlings exercises?
-Then follow the link to the guide about [community exercises](https://rustlings.rust-lang.org/community-exercises)!
+Then follow the link to the guide about [third-party exercises](THIRD_PARTY_EXERCISES.md)!
+
+<a name="5.6.1"></a>
 
 ## 5.6.1 (2023-09-18)
 
@@ -209,6 +205,8 @@ Then follow the link to the guide about [community exercises](https://rustlings.
 - `as_ref_mut`: Fixed a typo in a test function name.
 - `enums3`: Fixed formatting with `rustfmt`.
 
+<a name="5.6.0"></a>
+
 ## 5.6.0 (2023-09-04)
 
 #### Added
@@ -248,12 +246,16 @@ Then follow the link to the guide about [community exercises](https://rustlings.
 - Lots of Nix housekeeping that I don't feel qualified to write about!
 - Improved CI workflows, we're now testing on multiple platforms at once.
 
+<a name="5.5.1"></a>
+
 ## 5.5.1 (2023-05-17)
 
 #### Fixed
 
 - Reverted `rust-project.json` path generation due to an upstream `rust-analyzer` fix.
 
+<a name="5.5.0"></a>
+
 ## 5.5.0 (2023-05-17)
 
 #### Added
@@ -288,6 +290,8 @@ Then follow the link to the guide about [community exercises](https://rustlings.
 - Added a markdown linter to run on GitHub actions
 - Split quick installation section into two code blocks
 
+<a name="5.4.1"></a>
+
 ## 5.4.1 (2023-03-10)
 
 #### Changed
@@ -303,6 +307,8 @@ Then follow the link to the guide about [community exercises](https://rustlings.
 - `macros4`: Prevented auto-fix by adding `#[rustfmt::skip]`
 - `cli`: Actually show correct progress percentages
 
+<a name="5.4.0"></a>
+
 ## 5.4.0 (2023-02-12)
 
 #### Changed
@@ -331,6 +337,8 @@ Then follow the link to the guide about [community exercises](https://rustlings.
 
 - Bumped min Rust version to 1.58 in installation script
 
+<a name="5.3.0"></a>
+
 ## 5.3.0 (2022-12-23)
 
 #### Added
@@ -363,6 +371,8 @@ Then follow the link to the guide about [community exercises](https://rustlings.
 - Applied some Clippy and rustfmt formatting
 - Added a note on Windows PowerShell and other shell compatibility
 
+<a name="5.2.1"></a>
+
 ## 5.2.1 (2022-09-06)
 
 #### Fixed
@@ -376,6 +386,8 @@ Then follow the link to the guide about [community exercises](https://rustlings.
 
 - Fixed a typo in README.md
 
+<a name="5.2.0"></a>
+
 ## 5.2.0 (2022-08-27)
 
 #### Added
@@ -392,12 +404,16 @@ Then follow the link to the guide about [community exercises](https://rustlings.
 - **quiz1**: Adjusted the explanations to be consistent with
   the tests
 
+<a name="5.1.1"></a>
+
 ## 5.1.1 (2022-08-17)
 
 #### Bug Fixes
 
 - Fixed an incorrect assertion in options1
 
+<a name="5.1.0"></a>
+
 ## 5.1.0 (2022-08-16)
 
 #### Features
@@ -432,6 +448,8 @@ Then follow the link to the guide about [community exercises](https://rustlings.
 - Clarified manual installation instructions using `cargo install --path .`
 - Added a link to our Zulip in the readme file
 
+<a name="5.0.0"></a>
+
 ## 5.0.0 (2022-07-16)
 
 #### Features
@@ -504,6 +522,8 @@ Then follow the link to the guide about [community exercises](https://rustlings.
 - Updated spacing in Cargo.toml.
 - Added a GitHub actions config so that tests run on every PR/commit.
 
+<a name="4.8.0"></a>
+
 ## 4.8.0 (2022-07-01)
 
 #### Features
@@ -524,6 +544,8 @@ Then follow the link to the guide about [community exercises](https://rustlings.
 - Replaced the git.io URL with the fully qualified URL because of git.io's sunsetting.
 - Removed the deprecated Rust GitPod extension.
 
+<a name="4.7.1"></a>
+
 ## 4.7.1 (2022-04-20)
 
 #### Features
@@ -544,6 +566,8 @@ Then follow the link to the guide about [community exercises](https://rustlings.
 - The changelog will now be manually written instead of being automatically generated by the
   Git log.
 
+<a name="4.7.0"></a>
+
 ## 4.7.0 (2022-04-14)
 
 #### Features
@@ -584,6 +608,8 @@ Then follow the link to the guide about [community exercises](https://rustlings.
 - Add hints on how to get GCC installed (#741) ([bc56861](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/bc5686174463ad6f4f6b824b0e9b97c3039d4886))
 - Fix some code blocks that were not highlighted ([17f9d74](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/17f9d7429ccd133a72e815fb5618e0ce79560929))
 
+<a name="4.6.0"></a>
+
 ## 4.6.0 (2021-09-25)
 
 #### Features
@@ -606,6 +632,8 @@ Then follow the link to the guide about [community exercises](https://rustlings.
   - Clarify instructions ([df25684c](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/df25684cb79f8413915e00b5efef29369849cef1))
 - **quiz1:** Fix inconsistent wording (#826) ([03131a3d](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/03131a3d35d9842598150f9da817f7cc26e2669a))
 
+<a name="4.5.0"></a>
+
 ## 4.5.0 (2021-07-07)
 
 #### Features
@@ -626,6 +654,8 @@ Then follow the link to the guide about [community exercises](https://rustlings.
 - **try_from_into, from_str:** hints for dyn Error ([11d2cf0d](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/11d2cf0d604dee3f5023c17802d69438e69fa50e))
 - **variables5:** confine the answer further ([48ffcbd2](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/48ffcbd2c4cc4d936c2c7480019190f179813cc5))
 
+<a name="4.4.0"></a>
+
 ## 4.4.0 (2021-04-24)
 
 #### Bug Fixes
@@ -667,6 +697,8 @@ Then follow the link to the guide about [community exercises](https://rustlings.
   - updated progress percentage ([1c6f7e4b](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/1c6f7e4b7b9b3bd36f4da2bb2b69c549cc8bd913))
   - added progress info ([c0e3daac](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/c0e3daacaf6850811df5bc57fa43e0f249d5cfa4))
 
+<a name="4.3.0"></a>
+
 ## 4.3.0 (2020-12-29)
 
 #### Features
@@ -689,6 +721,8 @@ Then follow the link to the guide about [community exercises](https://rustlings.
   - Update description (#584) ([96347df9](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/96347df9df294f01153b29d9ad4ba361f665c755))
 - **vec1:** Have test compare every element in a and v ([9b6c6293](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/9b6c629397b24b944f484f5b2bbd8144266b5695))
 
+<a name="4.2.0"></a>
+
 ## 4.2.0 (2020-11-07)
 
 #### Features
@@ -709,6 +743,8 @@ Then follow the link to the guide about [community exercises](https://rustlings.
   - missing comma in test ([4fb230da](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/4fb230daf1251444fcf29e085cee222a91f8a37e))
 - **quiz3:** Second test is for odd numbers, not even. (#553) ([18e0bfef](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/18e0bfef1de53071e353ba1ec5837002ff7290e6))
 
+<a name="4.1.0"></a>
+
 ## 4.1.0 (2020-10-05)
 
 #### Bug Fixes
@@ -731,6 +767,8 @@ Then follow the link to the guide about [community exercises](https://rustlings.
 - **cli:** Added 'cls' command to 'watch' mode (#474) ([4f2468e1](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/4f2468e14f574a93a2e9b688367b5752ed96ae7b))
 - **try_from_into:** Add insufficient length test (#469) ([523d18b8](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/523d18b873a319f7c09262f44bd40e2fab1830e5))
 
+<a name="4.0.0"></a>
+
 ## 4.0.0 (2020-07-08)
 
 #### Breaking Changes
@@ -772,6 +810,8 @@ Then follow the link to the guide about [community exercises](https://rustlings.
 - **test2:** name of type String and &str (#394) ([d6c0a688](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/d6c0a688e6a96f93ad60d540d4b326f342fc0d45))
 - **variables6:** minor typo (#419) ([524e17df](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/524e17df10db95f7b90a0f75cc8997182a8a4094))
 
+<a name="3.0.0"></a>
+
 ## 3.0.0 (2020-04-11)
 
 #### Breaking Changes
@@ -794,6 +834,8 @@ Then follow the link to the guide about [community exercises](https://rustlings.
 - add new exercises for generics (#280) ([76be5e4e](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/76be5e4e991160f5fd9093f03ee2ba260e8f7229))
 - **ci:** add buildkite config ([b049fa2c](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/b049fa2c84dba0f0c8906ac44e28fd45fba51a71))
 
+<a name="2.2.1"></a>
+
 ### 2.2.1 (2020-02-27)
 
 #### Bug Fixes
@@ -804,6 +846,8 @@ Then follow the link to the guide about [community exercises](https://rustlings.
 
 - Add clippy lints (#269) ([1e2fd9c9](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/1e2fd9c92f8cd6e389525ca1a999fca4c90b5921))
 
+<a name="2.2.0"></a>
+
 ## 2.2.0 (2020-02-25)
 
 #### Bug Fixes
@@ -831,6 +875,8 @@ Then follow the link to the guide about [community exercises](https://rustlings.
 - Added traits exercises (#274 but specifically #216, which originally added
   this :heart:) ([b559cdd](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/b559cdd73f32c0d0cfc1feda39f82b3e3583df17))
 
+<a name="2.1.0"></a>
+
 ## 2.1.0 (2019-11-27)
 
 #### Bug Fixes
@@ -848,6 +894,8 @@ Then follow the link to the guide about [community exercises](https://rustlings.
 
 - **watch:** show hint while watching ([8143d57b](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/8143d57b4e88c51341dd4a18a14c536042cc009c))
 
+<a name="2.0.0"></a>
+
 ## 2.0.0 (2019-11-12)
 
 #### Bug Fixes
@@ -868,6 +916,8 @@ Then follow the link to the guide about [community exercises](https://rustlings.
 - **cli:** check for rustc before doing anything ([36a033b8](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/36a033b87a6549c1e5639c908bf7381c84f4f425))
 - **hint:** Add test for hint ([ce9fa6eb](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/ce9fa6ebbfdc3e7585d488d9409797285708316f))
 
+<a name="1.5.1"></a>
+
 ### 1.5.1 (2019-11-11)
 
 #### Bug Fixes
@@ -879,6 +929,8 @@ Then follow the link to the guide about [community exercises](https://rustlings.
 - **threads:** Move Threads behind SLT ([fbe91a67](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/fbe91a67a482bfe64cbcdd58d06ba830a0f39da3), closes [#205](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/issues/205))
 - **watch:** clear screen before each `verify()` ([3aff590](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/3aff59085586c24196a547c2693adbdcf4432648))
 
+<a name="1.5.0"></a>
+
 ## 1.5.0 (2019-11-09)
 
 #### Bug Fixes
@@ -903,6 +955,8 @@ Then follow the link to the guide about [community exercises](https://rustlings.
 - Added exercise for struct update syntax ([1c4c8764](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/1c4c8764ed118740cd4cee73272ddc6cceb9d959))
 - **iterators2:** adds iterators2 exercise including config ([9288fccf](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/9288fccf07a2c5043b76d0fd6491e4cf72d76031))
 
+<a name="1.4.1"></a>
+
 ### 1.4.1 (2019-08-13)
 
 #### Bug Fixes
@@ -911,6 +965,8 @@ Then follow the link to the guide about [community exercises](https://rustlings.
 - **option1:** Add test for prematurely passing exercise ([a750e4a1](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/a750e4a1a3006227292bb17d57d78ce84da6bfc6))
 - **test1:** Swap assertion parameter order ([4086d463](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/4086d463a981e81d97781851d17db2ced290f446))
 
+<a name="1.4.0"></a>
+
 ## 1.4.0 (2019-07-13)
 
 #### Bug Fixes
@@ -927,6 +983,8 @@ Then follow the link to the guide about [community exercises](https://rustlings.
 - **changelog:** Use clog for changelogs ([34e31232](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/34e31232dfddde284a341c9609b33cd27d9d5724))
 - **iterators2:** adds iterators2 exercise including config ([9288fccf](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/9288fccf07a2c5043b76d0fd6491e4cf72d76031))
 
+<a name="1.3.0"></a>
+
 ### 1.3.0 (2019-06-05)
 
 #### Features
@@ -942,12 +1000,16 @@ Then follow the link to the guide about [community exercises](https://rustlings.
 - Fix broken link (#164, @HanKruiger)
 - Remove highlighting and syntect (#167, @komaeda)
 
+<a name="1.2.2"></a>
+
 ### 1.2.2 (2019-05-07)
 
 #### Bug Fixes
 
 - Reverted `--nocapture` flag since it was causing tests to pass unconditionally
 
+<a name="1.2.1"></a>
+
 ### 1.2.1 (2019-04-22)
 
 #### Bug Fixes
@@ -955,6 +1017,8 @@ Then follow the link to the guide about [community exercises](https://rustlings.
 - Fix the `--nocapture` feature (@komaeda)
 - Provide a nicer error message for when you're in the wrong directory
 
+<a name="1.2.0"></a>
+
 ### 1.2.0 (2019-04-22)
 
 #### Features
@@ -962,6 +1026,8 @@ Then follow the link to the guide about [community exercises](https://rustlings.
 - Add errors to exercises that compile without user changes (@yvan-sraka)
 - Use --nocapture when testing, enabling `println!` when running (@komaeda)
 
+<a name="1.1.1"></a>
+
 ### 1.1.1 (2019-04-14)
 
 #### Bug fixes
@@ -974,6 +1040,8 @@ Then follow the link to the guide about [community exercises](https://rustlings.
 - Fix links by deleting book version (@diodfr, #142)
 - Canonicalize paths to fix path matching (@cjpearce, #143)
 
+<a name="1.1.0"></a>
+
 ### 1.1.0 (2019-03-20)
 
 - errors2.rs: update link to Rust book (#124)
@@ -983,12 +1051,16 @@ Then follow the link to the guide about [community exercises](https://rustlings.
 - Give a warning when Rustlings isn't run from the right directory (#123)
 - Verify that rust version is recent enough to install Rustlings (#131)
 
+<a name="1.0.1"></a>
+
 ### 1.0.1 (2019-03-06)
 
 - Adds a way to install Rustlings in one command (`curl -L https://git.io/rustlings | bash`)
 - Makes `rustlings watch` react to create file events (@shaunbennett, #117)
 - Reworks the exercise management to use an external TOML file instead of just listing them in the code
 
+<a name="1.0.0"></a>
+
 ### 1.0.0 (2019-03-06)
 
 Initial release.

Cargo.lock

@@ -4,9 +4,9 @@ version = 4
 
 [[package]]
 name = "anstream"
-version = "0.6.20"
+version = "0.6.18"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "3ae563653d1938f79b1ab1b5e668c87c76a9930414574a6583a7b7e11a8e6192"
+checksum = "8acc5369981196006228e28809f761875c0327210a891e941f4c683b3a99529b"
 dependencies = [
  "anstyle",
  "anstyle-parse",
@@ -19,50 +19,50 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "anstyle"
-version = "1.0.11"
+version = "1.0.10"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "862ed96ca487e809f1c8e5a8447f6ee2cf102f846893800b20cebdf541fc6bbd"
+checksum = "55cc3b69f167a1ef2e161439aa98aed94e6028e5f9a59be9a6ffb47aef1651f9"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "anstyle-parse"
-version = "0.2.7"
+version = "0.2.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "4e7644824f0aa2c7b9384579234ef10eb7efb6a0deb83f9630a49594dd9c15c2"
+checksum = "3b2d16507662817a6a20a9ea92df6652ee4f94f914589377d69f3b21bc5798a9"
 dependencies = [
  "utf8parse",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "anstyle-query"
-version = "1.1.4"
+version = "1.1.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9e231f6134f61b71076a3eab506c379d4f36122f2af15a9ff04415ea4c3339e2"
+checksum = "79947af37f4177cfead1110013d678905c37501914fba0efea834c3fe9a8d60c"
 dependencies = [
- "windows-sys 0.60.2",
+ "windows-sys 0.59.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "anstyle-wincon"
-version = "3.0.10"
+version = "3.0.7"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "3e0633414522a32ffaac8ac6cc8f748e090c5717661fddeea04219e2344f5f2a"
+checksum = "ca3534e77181a9cc07539ad51f2141fe32f6c3ffd4df76db8ad92346b003ae4e"
 dependencies = [
  "anstyle",
- "once_cell_polyfill",
- "windows-sys 0.60.2",
+ "once_cell",
+ "windows-sys 0.59.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "anyhow"
-version = "1.0.99"
+version = "1.0.98"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b0674a1ddeecb70197781e945de4b3b8ffb61fa939a5597bcf48503737663100"
+checksum = "e16d2d3311acee920a9eb8d33b8cbc1787ce4a264e85f964c2404b969bdcd487"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "autocfg"
-version = "1.5.0"
+version = "1.4.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "c08606f8c3cbf4ce6ec8e28fb0014a2c086708fe954eaa885384a6165172e7e8"
+checksum = "ace50bade8e6234aa140d9a2f552bbee1db4d353f69b8217bc503490fc1a9f26"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "bitflags"
@@ -72,21 +72,21 @@ checksum = "bef38d45163c2f1dde094a7dfd33ccf595c92905c8f8f4fdc18d06fb1037718a"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "bitflags"
-version = "2.9.2"
+version = "2.9.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6a65b545ab31d687cff52899d4890855fec459eb6afe0da6417b8a18da87aa29"
+checksum = "1b8e56985ec62d17e9c1001dc89c88ecd7dc08e47eba5ec7c29c7b5eeecde967"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "cfg-if"
-version = "1.0.3"
+version = "1.0.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "2fd1289c04a9ea8cb22300a459a72a385d7c73d3259e2ed7dcb2af674838cfa9"
+checksum = "baf1de4339761588bc0619e3cbc0120ee582ebb74b53b4efbf79117bd2da40fd"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "clap"
-version = "4.5.45"
+version = "4.5.38"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1fc0e74a703892159f5ae7d3aac52c8e6c392f5ae5f359c70b5881d60aaac318"
+checksum = "ed93b9805f8ba930df42c2590f05453d5ec36cbb85d018868a5b24d31f6ac000"
 dependencies = [
  "clap_builder",
  "clap_derive",
@@ -94,9 +94,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "clap_builder"
-version = "4.5.44"
+version = "4.5.38"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b3e7f4214277f3c7aa526a59dd3fbe306a370daee1f8b7b8c987069cd8e888a8"
+checksum = "379026ff283facf611b0ea629334361c4211d1b12ee01024eec1591133b04120"
 dependencies = [
  "anstream",
  "anstyle",
@@ -106,9 +106,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "clap_derive"
-version = "4.5.45"
+version = "4.5.32"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "14cb31bb0a7d536caef2639baa7fad459e15c3144efefa6dbd1c84562c4739f6"
+checksum = "09176aae279615badda0765c0c0b3f6ed53f4709118af73cf4655d85d1530cd7"
 dependencies = [
  "heck",
  "proc-macro2",
@@ -118,15 +118,15 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "clap_lex"
-version = "0.7.5"
+version = "0.7.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b94f61472cee1439c0b966b47e3aca9ae07e45d070759512cd390ea2bebc6675"
+checksum = "f46ad14479a25103f283c0f10005961cf086d8dc42205bb44c46ac563475dca6"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "colorchoice"
-version = "1.0.4"
+version = "1.0.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b05b61dc5112cbb17e4b6cd61790d9845d13888356391624cbe7e41efeac1e75"
+checksum = "5b63caa9aa9397e2d9480a9b13673856c78d8ac123288526c37d7839f2a86990"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "crossterm"
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ version = "0.29.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "d8b9f2e4c67f833b660cdb0a3523065869fb35570177239812ed4c905aeff87b"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.9.2",
+ "bitflags 2.9.1",
  "crossterm_winapi",
  "document-features",
  "mio",
@@ -171,12 +171,12 @@ checksum = "877a4ace8713b0bcf2a4e7eec82529c029f1d0619886d18145fea96c3ffe5c0f"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "errno"
-version = "0.3.13"
+version = "0.3.12"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "778e2ac28f6c47af28e4907f13ffd1e1ddbd400980a9abd7c8df189bf578a5ad"
+checksum = "cea14ef9355e3beab063703aa9dab15afd25f0667c341310c1e5274bb1d0da18"
 dependencies = [
  "libc",
- "windows-sys 0.60.2",
+ "windows-sys 0.59.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -185,6 +185,18 @@ version = "2.3.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "37909eebbb50d72f9059c3b6d82c0463f2ff062c9e95845c43a6c9c0355411be"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "filetime"
+version = "0.2.25"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "35c0522e981e68cbfa8c3f978441a5f34b30b96e146b33cd3359176b50fe8586"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
+ "libc",
+ "libredox",
+ "windows-sys 0.59.0",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "fsevent-sys"
 version = "4.1.0"
@@ -208,9 +220,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "hashbrown"
-version = "0.15.5"
+version = "0.15.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9229cfe53dfd69f0609a49f65461bd93001ea1ef889cd5529dd176593f5338a1"
+checksum = "84b26c544d002229e640969970a2e74021aadf6e2f96372b9c58eff97de08eb3"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "heck"
@@ -220,9 +232,9 @@ checksum = "2304e00983f87ffb38b55b444b5e3b60a884b5d30c0fca7d82fe33449bbe55ea"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "indexmap"
-version = "2.10.0"
+version = "2.9.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "fe4cd85333e22411419a0bcae1297d25e58c9443848b11dc6a86fefe8c78a661"
+checksum = "cea70ddb795996207ad57735b50c5982d8844f38ba9ee5f1aedcfb708a2aa11e"
 dependencies = [
  "equivalent",
  "hashbrown",
@@ -234,7 +246,7 @@ version = "0.11.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "f37dccff2791ab604f9babef0ba14fbe0be30bd368dc541e2b08d07c8aa908f3"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.9.2",
+ "bitflags 2.9.1",
  "inotify-sys",
  "libc",
 ]
@@ -282,9 +294,20 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "libc"
-version = "0.2.175"
+version = "0.2.172"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6a82ae493e598baaea5209805c49bbf2ea7de956d50d7da0da1164f9c6d28543"
+checksum = "d750af042f7ef4f724306de029d18836c26c1765a54a6a3f094cbd23a7267ffa"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "libredox"
+version = "0.1.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "c0ff37bd590ca25063e35af745c343cb7a0271906fb7b37e4813e8f79f00268d"
+dependencies = [
+ "bitflags 2.9.1",
+ "libc",
+ "redox_syscall",
+]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "linux-raw-sys"
@@ -294,15 +317,15 @@ checksum = "cd945864f07fe9f5371a27ad7b52a172b4b499999f1d97574c9fa68373937e12"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "litrs"
-version = "0.4.2"
+version = "0.4.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f5e54036fe321fd421e10d732f155734c4e4afd610dd556d9a82833ab3ee0bed"
+checksum = "b4ce301924b7887e9d637144fdade93f9dfff9b60981d4ac161db09720d39aa5"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "lock_api"
-version = "0.4.13"
+version = "0.4.12"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "96936507f153605bddfcda068dd804796c84324ed2510809e5b2a624c81da765"
+checksum = "07af8b9cdd281b7915f413fa73f29ebd5d55d0d3f0155584dade1ff18cea1b17"
 dependencies = [
  "autocfg",
  "scopeguard",
@@ -316,29 +339,30 @@ checksum = "13dc2df351e3202783a1fe0d44375f7295ffb4049267b0f3018346dc122a1d94"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "memchr"
-version = "2.7.5"
+version = "2.7.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "32a282da65faaf38286cf3be983213fcf1d2e2a58700e808f83f4ea9a4804bc0"
+checksum = "78ca9ab1a0babb1e7d5695e3530886289c18cf2f87ec19a575a0abdce112e3a3"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "mio"
-version = "1.0.4"
+version = "1.0.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "78bed444cc8a2160f01cbcf811ef18cac863ad68ae8ca62092e8db51d51c761c"
+checksum = "2886843bf800fba2e3377cff24abf6379b4c4d5c6681eaf9ea5b0d15090450bd"
 dependencies = [
  "libc",
  "log",
- "wasi 0.11.1+wasi-snapshot-preview1",
- "windows-sys 0.59.0",
+ "wasi 0.11.0+wasi-snapshot-preview1",
+ "windows-sys 0.52.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "notify"
-version = "8.2.0"
+version = "8.0.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "4d3d07927151ff8575b7087f245456e549fea62edf0ec4e565a5ee50c8402bc3"
+checksum = "2fee8403b3d66ac7b26aee6e40a897d85dc5ce26f44da36b8b73e987cc52e943"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.9.2",
+ "bitflags 2.9.1",
+ "filetime",
  "fsevent-sys",
  "inotify",
  "kqueue",
@@ -347,7 +371,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "mio",
  "notify-types",
  "walkdir",
- "windows-sys 0.60.2",
+ "windows-sys 0.59.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -362,17 +386,11 @@ version = "1.21.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "42f5e15c9953c5e4ccceeb2e7382a716482c34515315f7b03532b8b4e8393d2d"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "once_cell_polyfill"
-version = "1.70.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a4895175b425cb1f87721b59f0f286c2092bd4af812243672510e1ac53e2e0ad"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "parking_lot"
-version = "0.12.4"
+version = "0.12.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "70d58bf43669b5795d1576d0641cfb6fbb2057bf629506267a92807158584a13"
+checksum = "f1bf18183cf54e8d6059647fc3063646a1801cf30896933ec2311622cc4b9a27"
 dependencies = [
  "lock_api",
  "parking_lot_core",
@@ -380,22 +398,22 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "parking_lot_core"
-version = "0.9.11"
+version = "0.9.10"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "bc838d2a56b5b1a6c25f55575dfc605fabb63bb2365f6c2353ef9159aa69e4a5"
+checksum = "1e401f977ab385c9e4e3ab30627d6f26d00e2c73eef317493c4ec6d468726cf8"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
  "libc",
  "redox_syscall",
  "smallvec",
- "windows-targets 0.52.6",
+ "windows-targets",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "proc-macro2"
-version = "1.0.101"
+version = "1.0.95"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "89ae43fd86e4158d6db51ad8e2b80f313af9cc74f5c0e03ccb87de09998732de"
+checksum = "02b3e5e68a3a1a02aad3ec490a98007cbc13c37cbe84a3cd7b8e406d76e7f778"
 dependencies = [
  "unicode-ident",
 ]
@@ -411,35 +429,35 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "r-efi"
-version = "5.3.0"
+version = "5.2.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "69cdb34c158ceb288df11e18b4bd39de994f6657d83847bdffdbd7f346754b0f"
+checksum = "74765f6d916ee2faa39bc8e68e4f3ed8949b48cccdac59983d287a7cb71ce9c5"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "redox_syscall"
-version = "0.5.17"
+version = "0.5.12"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5407465600fb0548f1442edf71dd20683c6ed326200ace4b1ef0763521bb3b77"
+checksum = "928fca9cf2aa042393a8325b9ead81d2f0df4cb12e1e24cef072922ccd99c5af"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.9.2",
+ "bitflags 2.9.1",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "rustix"
-version = "1.0.8"
+version = "1.0.7"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "11181fbabf243db407ef8df94a6ce0b2f9a733bd8be4ad02b4eda9602296cac8"
+checksum = "c71e83d6afe7ff64890ec6b71d6a69bb8a610ab78ce364b3352876bb4c801266"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.9.2",
+ "bitflags 2.9.1",
  "errno",
  "libc",
  "linux-raw-sys",
- "windows-sys 0.60.2",
+ "windows-sys 0.59.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "rustlings"
-version = "6.5.0"
+version = "6.4.0"
 dependencies = [
  "anyhow",
  "clap",
@@ -450,16 +468,16 @@ dependencies = [
  "serde",
  "serde_json",
  "tempfile",
- "toml",
+ "toml_edit",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "rustlings-macros"
-version = "6.5.0"
+version = "6.4.0"
 dependencies = [
  "quote",
  "serde",
- "toml",
+ "toml_edit",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -505,9 +523,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "serde_json"
-version = "1.0.143"
+version = "1.0.140"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d401abef1d108fbd9cbaebc3e46611f4b1021f714a0597a71f41ee463f5f4a5a"
+checksum = "20068b6e96dc6c9bd23e01df8827e6c7e1f2fddd43c21810382803c136b99373"
 dependencies = [
  "itoa",
  "memchr",
@@ -517,9 +535,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "serde_spanned"
-version = "1.0.0"
+version = "0.6.8"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "40734c41988f7306bb04f0ecf60ec0f3f1caa34290e4e8ea471dcd3346483b83"
+checksum = "87607cb1398ed59d48732e575a4c28a7a8ebf2454b964fe3f224f2afc07909e1"
 dependencies = [
  "serde",
 ]
@@ -547,18 +565,18 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "signal-hook-registry"
-version = "1.4.6"
+version = "1.4.5"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b2a4719bff48cee6b39d12c020eeb490953ad2443b7055bd0b21fca26bd8c28b"
+checksum = "9203b8055f63a2a00e2f593bb0510367fe707d7ff1e5c872de2f537b339e5410"
 dependencies = [
  "libc",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "smallvec"
-version = "1.15.1"
+version = "1.15.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "67b1b7a3b5fe4f1376887184045fcf45c69e92af734b7aaddc05fb777b6fbd03"
+checksum = "8917285742e9f3e1683f0a9c4e6b57960b7314d0b08d30d1ecd426713ee2eee9"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "strsim"
@@ -568,9 +586,9 @@ checksum = "7da8b5736845d9f2fcb837ea5d9e2628564b3b043a70948a3f0b778838c5fb4f"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "syn"
-version = "2.0.106"
+version = "2.0.101"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ede7c438028d4436d71104916910f5bb611972c5cfd7f89b8300a8186e6fada6"
+checksum = "8ce2b7fc941b3a24138a0a7cf8e858bfc6a992e7978a068a5c760deb0ed43caf"
 dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
@@ -579,56 +597,39 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "tempfile"
-version = "3.21.0"
+version = "3.20.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "15b61f8f20e3a6f7e0649d825294eaf317edce30f82cf6026e7e4cb9222a7d1e"
+checksum = "e8a64e3985349f2441a1a9ef0b853f869006c3855f2cda6862a94d26ebb9d6a1"
 dependencies = [
  "fastrand",
  "getrandom",
  "once_cell",
  "rustix",
- "windows-sys 0.60.2",
+ "windows-sys 0.59.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "toml"
-version = "0.9.5"
+name = "toml_datetime"
+version = "0.6.9"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "75129e1dc5000bfbaa9fee9d1b21f974f9fbad9daec557a521ee6e080825f6e8"
+checksum = "3da5db5a963e24bc68be8b17b6fa82814bb22ee8660f192bb182771d498f09a3"
+dependencies = [
+ "serde",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "toml_edit"
+version = "0.22.26"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "310068873db2c5b3e7659d2cc35d21855dbafa50d1ce336397c666e3cb08137e"
 dependencies = [
  "indexmap",
  "serde",
  "serde_spanned",
  "toml_datetime",
- "toml_parser",
- "toml_writer",
  "winnow",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "toml_datetime"
-version = "0.7.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "bade1c3e902f58d73d3f294cd7f20391c1cb2fbcb643b73566bc773971df91e3"
-dependencies = [
- "serde",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "toml_parser"
-version = "1.0.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b551886f449aa90d4fe2bdaa9f4a2577ad2dde302c61ecf262d80b116db95c10"
-dependencies = [
- "winnow",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "toml_writer"
-version = "1.0.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "fcc842091f2def52017664b53082ecbbeb5c7731092bad69d2c63050401dfd64"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "unicode-ident"
 version = "1.0.18"
@@ -653,9 +654,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasi"
-version = "0.11.1+wasi-snapshot-preview1"
+version = "0.11.0+wasi-snapshot-preview1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ccf3ec651a847eb01de73ccad15eb7d99f80485de043efb2f370cd654f4ea44b"
+checksum = "9c8d87e72b64a3b4db28d11ce29237c246188f4f51057d65a7eab63b7987e423"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wasi"
@@ -684,11 +685,11 @@ checksum = "ac3b87c63620426dd9b991e5ce0329eff545bccbbb34f3be09ff6fb6ab51b7b6"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "winapi-util"
-version = "0.1.10"
+version = "0.1.9"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0978bf7171b3d90bac376700cb56d606feb40f251a475a5d6634613564460b22"
+checksum = "cf221c93e13a30d793f7645a0e7762c55d169dbb0a49671918a2319d289b10bb"
 dependencies = [
- "windows-sys 0.60.2",
+ "windows-sys 0.59.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -698,10 +699,13 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "712e227841d057c1ee1cd2fb22fa7e5a5461ae8e48fa2ca79ec42cfc1931183f"
 
 [[package]]
-name = "windows-link"
-version = "0.1.3"
+name = "windows-sys"
+version = "0.52.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5e6ad25900d524eaabdbbb96d20b4311e1e7ae1699af4fb28c17ae66c80d798a"
+checksum = "282be5f36a8ce781fad8c8ae18fa3f9beff57ec1b52cb3de0789201425d9a33d"
+dependencies = [
+ "windows-targets",
+]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "windows-sys"
@@ -709,16 +713,7 @@ version = "0.59.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "1e38bc4d79ed67fd075bcc251a1c39b32a1776bbe92e5bef1f0bf1f8c531853b"
 dependencies = [
- "windows-targets 0.52.6",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "windows-sys"
-version = "0.60.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f2f500e4d28234f72040990ec9d39e3a6b950f9f22d3dba18416c35882612bcb"
-dependencies = [
- "windows-targets 0.53.3",
+ "windows-targets",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -727,31 +722,14 @@ version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "9b724f72796e036ab90c1021d4780d4d3d648aca59e491e6b98e725b84e99973"
 dependencies = [
- "windows_aarch64_gnullvm 0.52.6",
- "windows_aarch64_msvc 0.52.6",
- "windows_i686_gnu 0.52.6",
- "windows_i686_gnullvm 0.52.6",
- "windows_i686_msvc 0.52.6",
- "windows_x86_64_gnu 0.52.6",
- "windows_x86_64_gnullvm 0.52.6",
- "windows_x86_64_msvc 0.52.6",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "windows-targets"
-version = "0.53.3"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d5fe6031c4041849d7c496a8ded650796e7b6ecc19df1a431c1a363342e5dc91"
-dependencies = [
- "windows-link",
- "windows_aarch64_gnullvm 0.53.0",
- "windows_aarch64_msvc 0.53.0",
- "windows_i686_gnu 0.53.0",
- "windows_i686_gnullvm 0.53.0",
- "windows_i686_msvc 0.53.0",
- "windows_x86_64_gnu 0.53.0",
- "windows_x86_64_gnullvm 0.53.0",
- "windows_x86_64_msvc 0.53.0",
+ "windows_aarch64_gnullvm",
+ "windows_aarch64_msvc",
+ "windows_i686_gnu",
+ "windows_i686_gnullvm",
+ "windows_i686_msvc",
+ "windows_x86_64_gnu",
+ "windows_x86_64_gnullvm",
+ "windows_x86_64_msvc",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -760,101 +738,56 @@ version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "32a4622180e7a0ec044bb555404c800bc9fd9ec262ec147edd5989ccd0c02cd3"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "windows_aarch64_gnullvm"
-version = "0.53.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "86b8d5f90ddd19cb4a147a5fa63ca848db3df085e25fee3cc10b39b6eebae764"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_aarch64_msvc"
 version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "09ec2a7bb152e2252b53fa7803150007879548bc709c039df7627cabbd05d469"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "windows_aarch64_msvc"
-version = "0.53.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "c7651a1f62a11b8cbd5e0d42526e55f2c99886c77e007179efff86c2b137e66c"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_i686_gnu"
 version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "8e9b5ad5ab802e97eb8e295ac6720e509ee4c243f69d781394014ebfe8bbfa0b"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "windows_i686_gnu"
-version = "0.53.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "c1dc67659d35f387f5f6c479dc4e28f1d4bb90ddd1a5d3da2e5d97b42d6272c3"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_i686_gnullvm"
 version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "0eee52d38c090b3caa76c563b86c3a4bd71ef1a819287c19d586d7334ae8ed66"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "windows_i686_gnullvm"
-version = "0.53.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9ce6ccbdedbf6d6354471319e781c0dfef054c81fbc7cf83f338a4296c0cae11"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_i686_msvc"
 version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "240948bc05c5e7c6dabba28bf89d89ffce3e303022809e73deaefe4f6ec56c66"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "windows_i686_msvc"
-version = "0.53.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "581fee95406bb13382d2f65cd4a908ca7b1e4c2f1917f143ba16efe98a589b5d"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_x86_64_gnu"
 version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "147a5c80aabfbf0c7d901cb5895d1de30ef2907eb21fbbab29ca94c5b08b1a78"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "windows_x86_64_gnu"
-version = "0.53.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "2e55b5ac9ea33f2fc1716d1742db15574fd6fc8dadc51caab1c16a3d3b4190ba"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_x86_64_gnullvm"
 version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "24d5b23dc417412679681396f2b49f3de8c1473deb516bd34410872eff51ed0d"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "windows_x86_64_gnullvm"
-version = "0.53.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0a6e035dd0599267ce1ee132e51c27dd29437f63325753051e71dd9e42406c57"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "windows_x86_64_msvc"
 version = "0.52.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "589f6da84c646204747d1270a2a5661ea66ed1cced2631d546fdfb155959f9ec"
 
-[[package]]
-name = "windows_x86_64_msvc"
-version = "0.53.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "271414315aff87387382ec3d271b52d7ae78726f5d44ac98b4f4030c91880486"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "winnow"
-version = "0.7.12"
+version = "0.7.10"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f3edebf492c8125044983378ecb5766203ad3b4c2f7a922bd7dd207f6d443e95"
+checksum = "c06928c8748d81b05c9be96aad92e1b6ff01833332f281e8cfca3be4b35fc9ec"
+dependencies = [
+ "memchr",
+]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "wit-bindgen-rt"
@@ -862,5 +795,5 @@ version = "0.39.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "6f42320e61fe2cfd34354ecb597f86f413484a798ba44a8ca1165c58d42da6c1"
 dependencies = [
- "bitflags 2.9.2",
+ "bitflags 2.9.1",
 ]

Cargo.toml

@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 [workspace]
+resolver = "2"
 exclude = [
   "tests/test_exercises",
   "dev",
 ]
 
 [workspace.package]
-version = "6.5.0"
+version = "6.4.0"
 authors = [
   "Mo Bitar <mo8it@proton.me>", # https://github.com/mo8it
   "Liv <mokou@fastmail.com>", # https://github.com/shadows-withal
@@ -15,11 +16,11 @@ authors = [
 repository = "https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings"
 license = "MIT"
 edition = "2024" # On Update: Update the edition of `rustfmt` in `dev check` and `CARGO_TOML` in `dev new`.
-rust-version = "1.88"
+rust-version = "1.87"
 
 [workspace.dependencies]
 serde = { version = "1.0", features = ["derive"] }
-toml = { version = "0.9", default-features = false, features = ["std", "parse", "serde"] }
+toml_edit = { version = "0.22", default-features = false, features = ["parse", "serde"] }
 
 [package]
 name = "rustlings"
@@ -49,16 +50,16 @@ anyhow = "1.0"
 clap = { version = "4.5", features = ["derive"] }
 crossterm = { version = "0.29", default-features = false, features = ["windows", "events"] }
 notify = "8.0"
-rustlings-macros = { path = "rustlings-macros", version = "=6.5.0" }
+rustlings-macros = { path = "rustlings-macros", version = "=6.4.0" }
 serde_json = "1.0"
 serde.workspace = true
-toml.workspace = true
+toml_edit.workspace = true
 
 [target.'cfg(not(windows))'.dependencies]
 rustix = { version = "1.0", default-features = false, features = ["std", "stdio", "termios"] }
 
 [dev-dependencies]
-tempfile = "3.21"
+tempfile = "3.19"
 
 [profile.release]
 panic = "abort"

README.md

@@ -1,7 +1,165 @@
-# [Rustlings](https://rustlings.rust-lang.org) 🦀
+<div class="oranda-hide">
 
-Small exercises to get you used to reading and writing [Rust](https://www.rust-lang.org) code - _Recommended in parallel to reading [the official Rust book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book) 📚️_
+# Rustlings 🦀❤️
 
-Visit the **website** for a demo, info about setup and more:
+</div>
 
-## ➡️ [rustlings.rust-lang.org](https://rustlings.rust-lang.org) ⬅️
+Greetings and welcome to Rustlings.
+This project contains small exercises to get you used to reading and writing Rust code.
+This includes reading and responding to compiler messages!
+
+It is recommended to do the Rustlings exercises in parallel to reading [the official Rust book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/), the most comprehensive resource for learning Rust 📚️
+
+[Rust By Example](https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/) is another recommended resource that you might find helpful.
+It contains code examples and exercises similar to Rustlings, but online.
+
+## Getting Started
+
+### Installing Rust
+
+Before installing Rustlings, you need to have the **latest version of Rust** installed.
+Visit [www.rust-lang.org/tools/install](https://www.rust-lang.org/tools/install) for further instructions on installing Rust.
+This will also install _Cargo_, Rust's package/project manager.
+
+> 🐧 If you are on Linux, make sure you have installed `gcc` (for a linker).
+>
+> Deb: `sudo apt install gcc`
+>
+> Dnf: `sudo dnf install gcc`
+
+> 🍎 If you are on MacOS, make sure you have installed Xcode and its developer tools by running `xcode-select --install`.
+
+### Installing Rustlings
+
+The following command will download and compile Rustlings:
+
+```bash
+cargo install rustlings
+```
+
+<details>
+<summary><strong>If the installation fails…</strong> (<em>click to expand</em>)</summary>
+
+- Make sure you have the latest Rust version by running `rustup update`
+- Try adding the `--locked` flag: `cargo install rustlings --locked`
+- Otherwise, please [report the issue](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/issues/new)
+
+</details>
+
+### Initialization
+
+After installing Rustlings, run the following command to initialize the `rustlings/` directory:
+
+```bash
+rustlings init
+```
+
+<details>
+<summary><strong>If the command <code>rustlings</code> can't be found…</strong> (<em>click to expand</em>)</summary>
+
+You are probably using Linux and installed Rust using your package manager.
+
+Cargo installs binaries to the directory `~/.cargo/bin`.
+Sadly, package managers often don't add `~/.cargo/bin` to your `PATH` environment variable.
+
+The solution is to …
+
+- either add `~/.cargo/bin` manually to `PATH`
+- or to uninstall Rust from the package manager and install it using the official way with `rustup`: https://www.rust-lang.org/tools/install
+
+</details>
+
+Now, go into the newly initialized directory and launch Rustlings for further instructions on getting started with the exercises:
+
+```bash
+cd rustlings/
+rustlings
+```
+
+## Working environment
+
+### Editor
+
+Our general recommendation is [VS Code](https://code.visualstudio.com/) with the [rust-analyzer plugin](https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=rust-lang.rust-analyzer).
+But any editor that supports [rust-analyzer](https://rust-analyzer.github.io/) should be enough for working on the exercises.
+
+### Terminal
+
+While working with Rustlings, please use a modern terminal for the best user experience.
+The default terminal on Linux and Mac should be sufficient.
+On Windows, we recommend the [Windows Terminal](https://aka.ms/terminal).
+
+## Doing exercises
+
+The exercises are sorted by topic and can be found in the subdirectory `exercises/<topic>`.
+For every topic, there is an additional `README.md` file with some resources to get you started on the topic.
+We highly recommend that you have a look at them before you start 📚️
+
+Most exercises contain an error that keeps them from compiling, and it's up to you to fix it!
+Some exercises contain tests that need to pass for the exercise to be done ✅
+
+Search for `TODO` and `todo!()` to find out what you need to change.
+Ask for hints by entering `h` in the _watch mode_ 💡
+
+### Watch Mode
+
+After the [initialization](#initialization), Rustlings can be launched by simply running the command `rustlings`.
+
+This will start the _watch mode_ which walks you through the exercises in a predefined order (what we think is best for newcomers).
+It will rerun the current exercise automatically every time you change the exercise's file in the `exercises/` directory.
+
+<details>
+<summary><strong>If detecting file changes in the <code>exercises/</code> directory fails…</strong> (<em>click to expand</em>)</summary>
+
+> You can add the **`--manual-run`** flag (`rustlings --manual-run`) to manually rerun the current exercise by entering `r` in the watch mode.
+>
+> Please [report the issue](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/issues/new) with some information about your operating system and whether you run Rustlings in a container or virtual machine (e.g. WSL).
+
+</details>
+
+### Exercise List
+
+In the [watch mode](#watch-mode) (after launching `rustlings`), you can enter `l` to open the interactive exercise list.
+
+The list allows you to…
+
+- See the status of all exercises (done or pending)
+- `c`: Continue at another exercise (temporarily skip some exercises or go back to a previous one)
+- `r`: Reset status and file of the selected exercise (you need to _reload/reopen_ its file in your editor afterwards)
+
+See the footer of the list for all possible keys.
+
+## Questions?
+
+If you need any help while doing the exercises and the builtin-hints aren't helpful, feel free to ask in the [_Q&A_ category of the discussions](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/discussions/categories/q-a?discussions_q=) if your question wasn't asked yet 💡
+
+## Third-Party Exercises
+
+Third-party exercises are a set of exercises maintained by the community.
+You can use the same `rustlings` program that you installed with `cargo install rustlings` to run them:
+
+- 🇯🇵 [Japanese Rustlings](https://github.com/sotanengel/rustlings-jp)：A Japanese translation of the Rustlings exercises.
+- 🇨🇳 [Simplified Chinese Rustlings](https://github.com/SandmeyerX/rustlings-zh-cn): A simplified Chinese translation of the Rustlings exercises.
+
+Do you want to create your own set of Rustlings exercises to focus on some specific topic?
+Or do you want to translate the original Rustlings exercises?
+Then follow the the guide about [third-party exercises](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/blob/main/THIRD_PARTY_EXERCISES.md)!
+
+## Continuing On
+
+Once you've completed Rustlings, put your new knowledge to good use!
+Continue practicing your Rust skills by building your own projects, contributing to Rustlings, or finding other open-source projects to contribute to.
+
+## Uninstalling Rustlings
+
+If you want to remove Rustlings from your system, run the following command:
+
+```bash
+cargo uninstall rustlings
+```
+
+## Contributing
+
+See [CONTRIBUTING.md](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md) 🔗
+
+Thanks to [all the wonderful contributors](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/graphs/contributors) ✨

THIRD_PARTY_EXERCISES.md

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+# Third-Party Exercises
+
+The support of Rustlings for third-party exercises allows you to create your own set of Rustlings exercises to focus on some specific topic.
+You could also offer a translation of the original Rustlings exercises as third-party exercises.
+
+## Getting started
+
+To create third-party exercises, install Rustlings and run `rustlings dev new PROJECT_NAME`.
+This command will, similar to `cargo new PROJECT_NAME`, create a template directory called `PROJECT_NAME` with all what you need to get started.
+
+Read the comments in the generated `info.toml` file to understand its format.
+It allows you to set a custom welcome and final message and specify the metadata of every exercise.
+
+## Create an exercise
+
+Here is an example of the metadata of one file:
+
+```toml
+[[exercises]]
+name = "intro1"
+hint = """
+To finish this exercise, you need to …
+This link might help you …"""
+```
+
+After entering this in `info.toml`, create the file `intro1.rs` in the `exercises/` directory.
+The exercise needs to contain a `main` function, but it can be empty.
+Adding tests is recommended.
+Look at the official Rustlings exercises for inspiration.
+
+You can optionally add a solution file `intro1.rs` to the `solutions/` directory.
+
+Now, run `rustlings dev check`.
+It will tell you about any issues with your exercises.
+For example, it will tell you to run `rustlings dev update` to update the `Cargo.toml` file to include the new exercise `intro1`.
+
+`rustlings dev check` will also run your solutions (if you have any) to make sure that they run successfully.
+
+That's it!
+You finished your first exercise 🎉
+
+## Publish
+
+Now, add more exercises and publish them as a Git repository.
+
+Users just have to clone that repository and run `rustlings` in it to start working on your set of exercises just like the official ones.
+
+One difference to the official exercises is that the solution files will not be hidden until the user finishes an exercise.
+But you can trust the users to not look at the solution too early 😉
+
+## Share
+
+After publishing your set of exercises, open an issue or a pull request in the official Rustlings repository to link to your project in the README 😃

clippy.toml

@@ -1,11 +1,15 @@
 disallowed-types = [
-  { path = "crossterm::style::Stylize", reason = "inefficient, use `.queue(…)` instead" },
-  { path = "crossterm::style::styled_content::StyledContent", reason = "inefficient, use `.queue(…)` instead" },
+  # Inefficient. Use `.queue(…)` instead.
+  "crossterm::style::Stylize",
+  "crossterm::style::styled_content::StyledContent",
 ]
 
 disallowed-methods = [
-  { path = "crossterm::style::style", reason = "inefficient, use `.queue(…)` instead" },
-  { path = "std::thread::spawn", replacement = "std::thread::Builder::spawn", reason = "handle the error" },
-  { path = "std::thread::Scope::spawn", replacement = "std::thread::Builder::spawn", reason = "handle the error" },
-  { path = "std::process::exit", replacement = "std::process::ExitCode" },
+  # Inefficient. Use `.queue(…)` instead.
+  "crossterm::style::style",
+  # Use `thread::Builder::spawn` instead and handle the error.
+  "std::thread::spawn",
+  "std::thread::Scope::spawn",
+  # Return `ExitCode` instead.
+  "std::process::exit",
 ]

dev/Cargo.toml

@@ -164,30 +164,34 @@ bin = [
   { name = "threads2_sol", path = "../solutions/20_threads/threads2.rs" },
   { name = "threads3", path = "../exercises/20_threads/threads3.rs" },
   { name = "threads3_sol", path = "../solutions/20_threads/threads3.rs" },
-  { name = "macros1", path = "../exercises/21_macros/macros1.rs" },
-  { name = "macros1_sol", path = "../solutions/21_macros/macros1.rs" },
-  { name = "macros2", path = "../exercises/21_macros/macros2.rs" },
-  { name = "macros2_sol", path = "../solutions/21_macros/macros2.rs" },
-  { name = "macros3", path = "../exercises/21_macros/macros3.rs" },
-  { name = "macros3_sol", path = "../solutions/21_macros/macros3.rs" },
-  { name = "macros4", path = "../exercises/21_macros/macros4.rs" },
-  { name = "macros4_sol", path = "../solutions/21_macros/macros4.rs" },
-  { name = "clippy1", path = "../exercises/22_clippy/clippy1.rs" },
-  { name = "clippy1_sol", path = "../solutions/22_clippy/clippy1.rs" },
-  { name = "clippy2", path = "../exercises/22_clippy/clippy2.rs" },
-  { name = "clippy2_sol", path = "../solutions/22_clippy/clippy2.rs" },
-  { name = "clippy3", path = "../exercises/22_clippy/clippy3.rs" },
-  { name = "clippy3_sol", path = "../solutions/22_clippy/clippy3.rs" },
-  { name = "using_as", path = "../exercises/23_conversions/using_as.rs" },
-  { name = "using_as_sol", path = "../solutions/23_conversions/using_as.rs" },
-  { name = "from_into", path = "../exercises/23_conversions/from_into.rs" },
-  { name = "from_into_sol", path = "../solutions/23_conversions/from_into.rs" },
-  { name = "from_str", path = "../exercises/23_conversions/from_str.rs" },
-  { name = "from_str_sol", path = "../solutions/23_conversions/from_str.rs" },
-  { name = "try_from_into", path = "../exercises/23_conversions/try_from_into.rs" },
-  { name = "try_from_into_sol", path = "../solutions/23_conversions/try_from_into.rs" },
-  { name = "as_ref_mut", path = "../exercises/23_conversions/as_ref_mut.rs" },
-  { name = "as_ref_mut_sol", path = "../solutions/23_conversions/as_ref_mut.rs" },
+  { name = "async1", path = "../exercises/21_async/async1.rs" },
+  { name = "async1_sol", path = "../solutions/21_async/async1.rs" },
+  { name = "async2", path = "../exercises/21_async/async2.rs" },
+  { name = "async2_sol", path = "../solutions/21_async/async2.rs" },
+  { name = "macros1", path = "../exercises/22_macros/macros1.rs" },
+  { name = "macros1_sol", path = "../solutions/22_macros/macros1.rs" },
+  { name = "macros2", path = "../exercises/22_macros/macros2.rs" },
+  { name = "macros2_sol", path = "../solutions/22_macros/macros2.rs" },
+  { name = "macros3", path = "../exercises/22_macros/macros3.rs" },
+  { name = "macros3_sol", path = "../solutions/22_macros/macros3.rs" },
+  { name = "macros4", path = "../exercises/22_macros/macros4.rs" },
+  { name = "macros4_sol", path = "../solutions/22_macros/macros4.rs" },
+  { name = "clippy1", path = "../exercises/23_clippy/clippy1.rs" },
+  { name = "clippy1_sol", path = "../solutions/23_clippy/clippy1.rs" },
+  { name = "clippy2", path = "../exercises/23_clippy/clippy2.rs" },
+  { name = "clippy2_sol", path = "../solutions/23_clippy/clippy2.rs" },
+  { name = "clippy3", path = "../exercises/23_clippy/clippy3.rs" },
+  { name = "clippy3_sol", path = "../solutions/23_clippy/clippy3.rs" },
+  { name = "using_as", path = "../exercises/24_conversions/using_as.rs" },
+  { name = "using_as_sol", path = "../solutions/24_conversions/using_as.rs" },
+  { name = "from_into", path = "../exercises/24_conversions/from_into.rs" },
+  { name = "from_into_sol", path = "../solutions/24_conversions/from_into.rs" },
+  { name = "from_str", path = "../exercises/24_conversions/from_str.rs" },
+  { name = "from_str_sol", path = "../solutions/24_conversions/from_str.rs" },
+  { name = "try_from_into", path = "../exercises/24_conversions/try_from_into.rs" },
+  { name = "try_from_into_sol", path = "../solutions/24_conversions/try_from_into.rs" },
+  { name = "as_ref_mut", path = "../exercises/24_conversions/as_ref_mut.rs" },
+  { name = "as_ref_mut_sol", path = "../solutions/24_conversions/as_ref_mut.rs" },
 ]
 
 [package]
@@ -196,6 +200,9 @@ edition = "2024"
 # Don't publish the exercises on crates.io!
 publish = false
 
+[dependencies]
+tokio = { version = "1.45.0", features = ["rt-multi-thread", "macros"] }
+
 [profile.release]
 panic = "abort"
 

exercises/05_vecs/vecs2.rs

@@ -9,6 +9,26 @@ fn vec_loop(input: &[i32]) -> Vec<i32> {
     output
 }
 
+fn vec_map_example(input: &[i32]) -> Vec<i32> {
+    // An example of collecting a vector after mapping.
+    // We map each element of the `input` slice to its value plus 1.
+    // If the input is `[1, 2, 3]`, the output is `[2, 3, 4]`.
+    input.iter().map(|element| element + 1).collect()
+}
+
+fn vec_map(input: &[i32]) -> Vec<i32> {
+    // TODO: Here, we also want to multiply each element in the `input` slice
+    // by 2, but with iterator mapping instead of manually pushing into an empty
+    // vector.
+    // See the example in the function `vec_map_example` above.
+    input
+        .iter()
+        .map(|element| {
+            // ???
+        })
+        .collect()
+}
+
 fn main() {
     // You can optionally experiment here.
 }
@@ -23,4 +43,18 @@ mod tests {
         let ans = vec_loop(&input);
         assert_eq!(ans, [4, 8, 12, 16, 20]);
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_vec_map_example() {
+        let input = [1, 2, 3];
+        let ans = vec_map_example(&input);
+        assert_eq!(ans, [2, 3, 4]);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_vec_map() {
+        let input = [2, 4, 6, 8, 10];
+        let ans = vec_map(&input);
+        assert_eq!(ans, [4, 8, 12, 16, 20]);
+    }
 }

exercises/13_error_handling/errors4.rs

@@ -10,7 +10,6 @@ struct PositiveNonzeroInteger(u64);
 impl PositiveNonzeroInteger {
     fn new(value: i64) -> Result<Self, CreationError> {
         // TODO: This function shouldn't always return an `Ok`.
-        // Read the tests below to clarify what should be returned.
         Ok(Self(value as u64))
     }
 }

exercises/18_iterators/iterators3.rs

@@ -39,8 +39,6 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn test_success() {
         assert_eq!(divide(81, 9), Ok(9));
-        assert_eq!(divide(81, -1), Ok(-81));
-        assert_eq!(divide(i64::MIN, i64::MIN), Ok(1));
     }
 
     #[test]

exercises/21_async/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+# Async
+
+Rust includes built-in support for asynchronous programming. In other languages, this might be known as Promises or
+Coroutines. async programming uses async functions, which are powerful, but may require some getting used to,
+especially if you haven't used something similar in another language.
+
+The [relevant book chapter][1] is essential reading. The [tokio docs][2] are also very helpful!
+
+[1]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch17-00-async-await.html
+[2]: https://tokio.rs/tokio/tutorial

exercises/21_async/async1.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+// Our loyal worker works hard to create a new number.
+#[derive(Default)]
+struct Worker;
+
+struct NumberContainer {
+    number: i32,
+}
+
+impl Worker {
+    async fn work(&self) -> NumberContainer {
+        // Pretend this takes a while...
+        let new_number = 32;
+        NumberContainer { number: new_number }
+    }
+}
+
+impl NumberContainer {
+    async fn extract_number(&self) -> i32 {
+        // And this too...
+        self.number
+    }
+}
+
+// TODO: Fix the function signature!
+fn run_worker() -> i32 {
+    // TODO: Make our worker create a new number and return it.
+}
+
+fn main() {
+    // Feel free to experiment here. You may need to make some adjustments
+    // to this function, though.
+}
+
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    // Don't worry about this attribute for now.
+    // If you want to know what this does, read the hint!
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn test_if_it_works() {
+        let number = run_worker().await;
+        assert_eq!(number, 32);
+    }
+}

exercises/21_async/async2.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+use tokio::task::JoinSet;
+
+// A MultiWorker can work with the power of 5 normal workers,
+// allowing us to create 5 new numbers at once!
+struct MultiWorker;
+
+impl MultiWorker {
+    async fn start_work(&self) -> JoinSet<i32> {
+        let mut set = JoinSet::new();
+
+        for i in 30..35 {
+            // TODO: `set.spawn` accepts an async function that will return the number
+            //       we want. Implement this function as a closure!
+            set.spawn(???);
+        }
+
+        set
+    }
+}
+
+async fn run_multi_worker() -> Vec<i32> {
+    let tasks = MultiWorker.start_work().await;
+
+    // TODO: We have a bunch of tasks, how do we run them to completion
+    //       to get at the i32s they create?
+}
+
+fn main() {
+    // Feel free to experiment here. You may need to make some adjustments
+    // to this function, though.
+}
+
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn test_if_it_works() {
+        let mut numbers = run_multi_worker().await;
+        numbers.sort(); // in case tasks run out-of-order
+        assert_eq!(numbers, vec![30, 31, 32, 33, 34]);
+    }
+}

exercises/23_clippy/clippy3.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
-// Here are some more easy Clippy fixes so you can see its utility.
+// Here are some more easy Clippy fixes so you can see its utility 📎
 // TODO: Fix all the Clippy lints.
 
+#[rustfmt::skip]
 #[allow(unused_variables, unused_assignments)]
 fn main() {
     let my_option: Option<&str> = None;
@@ -10,16 +11,14 @@ fn main() {
         println!("{}", my_option.unwrap());
     }
 
-    #[rustfmt::skip]
     let my_arr = &[
         -1, -2, -3
         -4, -5, -6
     ];
     println!("My array! Here it is: {my_arr:?}");
 
-    let mut my_vec = vec![1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
-    my_vec.resize(0, 5);
-    println!("This Vec is empty, see? {my_vec:?}");
+    let my_empty_vec = vec![1, 2, 3, 4, 5].resize(0, 5);
+    println!("This Vec is empty, see? {my_empty_vec:?}");
 
     let mut value_a = 45;
     let mut value_b = 66;

exercises/README.md

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 | vecs                   | §8.1                |
 | move_semantics         | §4.1-2              |
 | structs                | §5.1, §5.3          |
-| enums                  | §6, §19.3           |
+| enums                  | §6, §18.3           |
 | strings                | §8.2                |
 | modules                | §7                  |
 | hashmaps               | §8.3                |
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
 | iterators              | §13.2-4             |
 | smart_pointers         | §15, §16.3          |
 | threads                | §16.1-3             |
-| macros                 | §20.5               |
-| clippy                 | Appendix D          |
+| async                  | §17                 |
+| macros                 | §19.5               |
+| clippy                 | §21.4               |
 | conversions            | n/a                 |

oranda.json

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+{
+  "build": {
+    "path_prefix": "rustlings"
+  },
+  "project": {
+    "homepage": "https://rustlings.cool",
+    "repository": "https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings"
+  },
+  "marketing": {
+    "analytics": {
+      "plausible": {
+        "domain": "rustlings.cool"
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}

release-hook.sh

@@ -9,8 +9,8 @@ cargo upgrades
 # Similar to CI
 cargo clippy -- --deny warnings
 cargo fmt --all --check
-cargo test --workspace
-cargo dev check --require-solutions
+cargo test --workspace --all-targets
+cargo run -- dev check --require-solutions
 
 # MSRV
-cargo +1.88 dev check --require-solutions
+cargo +1.85 run -- dev check --require-solutions

rustlings-macros/Cargo.toml

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ proc-macro = true
 [dependencies]
 quote = "1.0"
 serde.workspace = true
-toml.workspace = true
+toml_edit.workspace = true
 
 [lints]
 workspace = true

rustlings-macros/info.toml

@@ -318,7 +318,16 @@ of the Rust book to learn more."""
 name = "vecs2"
 dir = "05_vecs"
 hint = """
-Use the `.push()` method on the vector to push new elements to it."""
+In the first function, we create an empty vector and want to push new elements
+to it.
+
+In the second function, we map the values of the input and collect them into
+a vector.
+
+After you've completed both functions, decide for yourself which approach you
+like better.
+
+What do you think is the more commonly used pattern under Rust developers?"""
 
 # MOVE SEMANTICS
 
@@ -1070,11 +1079,51 @@ original sending end.
 Related section in The Book:
 https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch16-02-message-passing.html"""
 
+# ASYNC
+
+[[exercises]]
+name = "async1"
+dir = "21_async"
+test = true
+hint = """
+Async functions are not the same as normal functions -- they have to be marked with a
+special bit of syntax, `async fn`. These functions don't immediately return or even
+execute, you have to encourage them to do so by calling another special bit of syntax
+on them.
+
+Another thing - an async function can't be properly called in a normal function. Think of
+it as something contagious -- everything that it touches needs to be marked as such. Keeping
+that in mind, what adjustment do you need to make to the function signature?
+
+Aside:
+`#[tokio::test]` (and `#[tokio::main]`) are "magic" attributes that automatically
+set up what we call an async runtime. The Rust compiler intentionally doesn't supply
+a default implementation of this runtime. Tokio is by far the most popular
+community-developed runtime, and this macro does a lot of the heavy lifting to let
+us use it.
+"""
+
+[[exercises]]
+name = "async2"
+dir = "21_async"
+test = true
+hint = """
+Async functions can be used to run multiple things in parallel, or to more efficiently
+run things on multiple cores. Here, we use Tokio's tasks to schedule some work to run
+at the same time. We use a `JoinSet`, which is a list of tasks that lets us decide how
+to best execute them.
+
+One of the ways to execute tasks is `JoinSet::join_all`, which even gives us a neat
+Vec that we can immediately return! You can also do this sequentially, with an iterator.
+See if you can also find a way to do it that doesn't use `JoinSet`! You have access to
+most of Tokio's task-based functionality here.
+"""
+
 # MACROS
 
 [[exercises]]
 name = "macros1"
-dir = "21_macros"
+dir = "22_macros"
 test = false
 hint = """
 When you call a macro, you need to add something special compared to a regular
@@ -1082,7 +1131,7 @@ function call."""
 
 [[exercises]]
 name = "macros2"
-dir = "21_macros"
+dir = "22_macros"
 test = false
 hint = """
 Macros don't quite play by the same rules as the rest of Rust, in terms of
@@ -1093,7 +1142,7 @@ Unlike other things in Rust, the order of "where you define a macro" versus
 
 [[exercises]]
 name = "macros3"
-dir = "21_macros"
+dir = "22_macros"
 test = false
 hint = """
 In order to use a macro outside of its module, you need to do something
@@ -1101,7 +1150,7 @@ special to the module to lift the macro out into its parent."""
 
 [[exercises]]
 name = "macros4"
-dir = "21_macros"
+dir = "22_macros"
 test = false
 hint = """
 You only need to add a single character to make this compile.
@@ -1118,7 +1167,7 @@ https://veykril.github.io/tlborm/"""
 
 [[exercises]]
 name = "clippy1"
-dir = "22_clippy"
+dir = "23_clippy"
 test = false
 strict_clippy = true
 hint = """
@@ -1135,7 +1184,7 @@ appropriate replacement constant from `std::f32::consts`."""
 
 [[exercises]]
 name = "clippy2"
-dir = "22_clippy"
+dir = "23_clippy"
 test = false
 strict_clippy = true
 hint = """
@@ -1148,7 +1197,7 @@ https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/option/#iterating-over-option"""
 
 [[exercises]]
 name = "clippy3"
-dir = "22_clippy"
+dir = "23_clippy"
 test = false
 strict_clippy = true
 hint = "No hints this time!"
@@ -1157,20 +1206,20 @@ hint = "No hints this time!"
 
 [[exercises]]
 name = "using_as"
-dir = "23_conversions"
+dir = "24_conversions"
 hint = """
 Use the `as` operator to cast one of the operands in the last line of the
 `average` function into the expected return type."""
 
 [[exercises]]
 name = "from_into"
-dir = "23_conversions"
+dir = "24_conversions"
 hint = """
 Follow the steps provided right before the `From` implementation."""
 
 [[exercises]]
 name = "from_str"
-dir = "23_conversions"
+dir = "24_conversions"
 hint = """
 The implementation of `FromStr` should return an `Ok` with a `Person` object,
 or an `Err` with an error if the string is not valid.
@@ -1187,7 +1236,7 @@ https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/rust-by-example/error/multiple_error_types/reen
 
 [[exercises]]
 name = "try_from_into"
-dir = "23_conversions"
+dir = "24_conversions"
 hint = """
 Is there an implementation of `TryFrom` in the standard library that can both do
 the required integer conversion and check the range of the input?
@@ -1197,6 +1246,6 @@ types?"""
 
 [[exercises]]
 name = "as_ref_mut"
-dir = "23_conversions"
+dir = "24_conversions"
 hint = """
 Add `AsRef<str>` or `AsMut<u32>` as a trait bound to the functions."""

rustlings-macros/src/lib.rs

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ struct InfoFile {
 #[proc_macro]
 pub fn include_files(_: TokenStream) -> TokenStream {
     let info_file = include_str!("../info.toml");
-    let exercises = toml::de::from_str::<InfoFile>(info_file)
+    let exercises = toml_edit::de::from_str::<InfoFile>(info_file)
         .expect("Failed to parse `info.toml`")
         .exercises;
 

solutions/05_vecs/vecs2.rs

@@ -8,6 +8,22 @@ fn vec_loop(input: &[i32]) -> Vec<i32> {
     output
 }
 
+fn vec_map_example(input: &[i32]) -> Vec<i32> {
+    // An example of collecting a vector after mapping.
+    // We map each element of the `input` slice to its value plus 1.
+    // If the input is `[1, 2, 3]`, the output is `[2, 3, 4]`.
+    input.iter().map(|element| element + 1).collect()
+}
+
+fn vec_map(input: &[i32]) -> Vec<i32> {
+    // We will dive deeper into iterators, but for now, this is all what you
+    // had to do!
+    // Advanced note: This method is more efficient because it automatically
+    // preallocates enough capacity. This can be done manually in `vec_loop`
+    // using `Vec::with_capacity(input.len())` instead of `Vec::new()`.
+    input.iter().map(|element| 2 * element).collect()
+}
+
 fn main() {
     // You can optionally experiment here.
 }
@@ -22,4 +38,18 @@ mod tests {
         let ans = vec_loop(&input);
         assert_eq!(ans, [4, 8, 12, 16, 20]);
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_vec_map_example() {
+        let input = [1, 2, 3];
+        let ans = vec_map_example(&input);
+        assert_eq!(ans, [2, 3, 4]);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn test_vec_map() {
+        let input = [2, 4, 6, 8, 10];
+        let ans = vec_map(&input);
+        assert_eq!(ans, [4, 8, 12, 16, 20]);
+    }
 }

solutions/09_strings/strings4.rs

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ fn main() {
     // `.into()` converts a type into an expected type.
     // If it is called where `String` is expected, it will convert `&str` to `String`.
     string("nice weather".into());
-    // But if it is called where `&str` is expected, then `&str` is kept as `&str` since no conversion is needed.
+    // But if it is called where `&str` is expected, then `&str` is kept `&str` since no conversion is needed.
     // If you remove the `#[allow(…)]` line, then Clippy will tell you to remove `.into()` below since it is a useless conversion.
     #[allow(clippy::useless_conversion)]
     string_slice("nice weather".into());

solutions/11_hashmaps/hashmaps1.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 // A basket of fruits in the form of a hash map needs to be defined. The key
 // represents the name of the fruit and the value represents how many of that
 // particular fruit is in the basket. You have to put at least 3 different
-// types of fruits (e.g. apple, banana, mango) in the basket and the total count
+// types of fruits (e.g apple, banana, mango) in the basket and the total count
 // of all the fruits should be at least 5.
 
 use std::collections::HashMap;

solutions/12_options/options1.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-// This function returns how much ice cream there is left in the fridge.
+// This function returns how much icecream there is left in the fridge.
 // If it's before 22:00 (24-hour system), then 5 scoops are left. At 22:00,
-// someone eats it all, so no ice cream is left (value 0). Return `None` if
+// someone eats it all, so no icecream is left (value 0). Return `None` if
 // `hour_of_day` is higher than 23.
-fn maybe_ice_cream(hour_of_day: u16) -> Option<u16> {
+fn maybe_icecream(hour_of_day: u16) -> Option<u16> {
     match hour_of_day {
         0..=21 => Some(5),
         22..=23 => Some(0),
@@ -21,19 +21,19 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn raw_value() {
         // Using `unwrap` is fine in a test.
-        let ice_creams = maybe_ice_cream(12).unwrap();
+        let icecreams = maybe_icecream(12).unwrap();
 
-        assert_eq!(ice_creams, 5);
+        assert_eq!(icecreams, 5);
     }
 
     #[test]
-    fn check_ice_cream() {
-        assert_eq!(maybe_ice_cream(0), Some(5));
-        assert_eq!(maybe_ice_cream(9), Some(5));
-        assert_eq!(maybe_ice_cream(18), Some(5));
-        assert_eq!(maybe_ice_cream(22), Some(0));
-        assert_eq!(maybe_ice_cream(23), Some(0));
-        assert_eq!(maybe_ice_cream(24), None);
-        assert_eq!(maybe_ice_cream(25), None);
+    fn check_icecream() {
+        assert_eq!(maybe_icecream(0), Some(5));
+        assert_eq!(maybe_icecream(9), Some(5));
+        assert_eq!(maybe_icecream(18), Some(5));
+        assert_eq!(maybe_icecream(22), Some(0));
+        assert_eq!(maybe_icecream(23), Some(0));
+        assert_eq!(maybe_icecream(24), None);
+        assert_eq!(maybe_icecream(25), None);
     }
 }

solutions/13_error_handling/errors5.rs

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 //
 // In short, this particular use case for boxes is for when you want to own a
 // value and you care only that it is a type which implements a particular
-// trait. To do so, the `Box` is declared as of type `Box<dyn Trait>` where
+// trait. To do so, The `Box` is declared as of type `Box<dyn Trait>` where
 // `Trait` is the trait the compiler looks for on any value used in that
 // context. For this exercise, that context is the potential errors which
 // can be returned in a `Result`.

solutions/16_lifetimes/lifetimes2.rs

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ fn longest<'a>(x: &'a str, y: &'a str) -> &'a str {
 
 fn main() {
     let string1 = String::from("long string is long");
-    // Solution 1: You can move `strings2` out of the inner block so that it is
+    // Solution1: You can move `strings2` out of the inner block so that it is
     // not dropped before the print statement.
     let string2 = String::from("xyz");
     let result;
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ fn main() {
     {
         let string2 = String::from("xyz");
         result = longest(&string1, &string2);
-        // Solution 2: You can move the print statement into the inner block so
+        // Solution2: You can move the print statement into the inner block so
         // that it is executed before `string2` is dropped.
         println!("The longest string is '{result}'");
         // `string2` dropped here (end of the inner scope).

solutions/18_iterators/iterators3.rs

@@ -52,8 +52,6 @@ mod tests {
     #[test]
     fn test_success() {
         assert_eq!(divide(81, 9), Ok(9));
-        assert_eq!(divide(81, -1), Ok(-81));
-        assert_eq!(divide(i64::MIN, i64::MIN), Ok(1));
     }
 
     #[test]

solutions/21_async/async1.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+// Our loyal worker works hard to create a new number.
+#[derive(Default)]
+struct Worker;
+
+struct NumberContainer {
+    number: i32,
+}
+
+impl Worker {
+    async fn work(&self) -> NumberContainer {
+        // Pretend this takes a while...
+        let new_number = 32;
+        NumberContainer { number: new_number }
+    }
+}
+
+impl NumberContainer {
+    async fn extract_number(&self) -> i32 {
+        // And this too...
+        self.number
+    }
+}
+
+async fn run_worker() -> i32 {
+    // TODO: Make our worker create a new number and return it.
+    Worker.work().await.extract_number().await
+}
+
+fn main() {
+    // Feel free to experiment here. You may need to make some adjustments
+    // to this function, though.
+}
+
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    // Don't worry about this attribute for now.
+    // If you want to know what this does, read the hint!
+    #[tokio::test]
+    // TODO: Fix the test function signature
+    fn test_if_it_works() {
+        let number = run_worker().await;
+        assert_eq!(number, 32);
+    }
+}

solutions/21_async/async2.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+use tokio::task::JoinSet;
+
+// A MultiWorker can work with the power of 5 normal workers,
+// allowing us to create 5 new numbers at once!
+struct MultiWorker;
+
+impl MultiWorker {
+    async fn start_work(&self) -> JoinSet<i32> {
+        let mut set = JoinSet::new();
+
+        for i in 30..35 {
+            // TODO: `set.spawn` accepts an async function that will return the number
+            //       we want. Implement this function as a closure!
+            set.spawn(async move { i });
+        }
+
+        set
+    }
+}
+
+async fn run_multi_worker() -> Vec<i32> {
+    let tasks = MultiWorker.start_work().await;
+
+    // TODO: We have a bunch of tasks, how do we run them to completion
+    //       to get at the i32s they create?
+    tasks.join_all().await
+}
+
+fn main() {
+    // Feel free to experiment here. You may need to make some adjustments
+    // to this function, though.
+}
+
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn test_if_it_works() {
+        let mut numbers = run_multi_worker().await;
+        numbers.sort(); // in case tasks run out-of-order
+        assert_eq!(numbers, vec![30, 31, 32, 33, 34]);
+    }
+}

solutions/22_macros/macros3.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-// Added the `macro_use` attribute.
+// Added the attribute `macro_use` attribute.
 #[macro_use]
 mod macros {
     macro_rules! my_macro {

solutions/23_clippy/clippy3.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 use std::mem;
 
+#[rustfmt::skip]
 #[allow(unused_variables, unused_assignments)]
 fn main() {
     let my_option: Option<&str> = None;
@@ -10,18 +11,17 @@ fn main() {
     }
 
     // A comma was missing.
-    #[rustfmt::skip]
     let my_arr = &[
         -1, -2, -3,
         -4, -5, -6,
     ];
     println!("My array! Here it is: {my_arr:?}");
 
-    let mut my_vec = vec![1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
+    let mut my_empty_vec = vec![1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
     // `resize` mutates a vector instead of returning a new one.
     // `resize(0, …)` clears a vector, so it is better to use `clear`.
-    my_vec.clear();
-    println!("This Vec is empty, see? {my_vec:?}");
+    my_empty_vec.clear();
+    println!("This Vec is empty, see? {my_empty_vec:?}");
 
     let mut value_a = 45;
     let mut value_b = 66;

src/app_state.rs

@@ -60,7 +60,8 @@ pub struct AppState {
     file_buf: Vec<u8>,
     official_exercises: bool,
     cmd_runner: CmdRunner,
-    emit_file_links: bool,
+    // Running in VS Code.
+    vs_code: bool,
 }
 
 impl AppState {
@@ -180,8 +181,7 @@ impl AppState {
             file_buf,
             official_exercises: !Path::new("info.toml").exists(),
             cmd_runner,
-            // VS Code has its own file link handling
-            emit_file_links: env::var_os("TERM_PROGRAM").is_none_or(|v| v != "vscode"),
+            vs_code: env::var_os("TERM_PROGRAM").is_some_and(|v| v == "vscode"),
         };
 
         Ok((slf, state_file_status))
@@ -218,8 +218,8 @@ impl AppState {
     }
 
     #[inline]
-    pub fn emit_file_links(&self) -> bool {
-        self.emit_file_links
+    pub fn vs_code(&self) -> bool {
+        self.vs_code
     }
 
     // Write the state file.
@@ -315,7 +315,7 @@ impl AppState {
     }
 
     // Official exercises: Dump the original file from the binary.
-    // Community exercises: Reset the exercise file with `git stash`.
+    // Third-party exercises: Reset the exercise file with `git stash`.
     fn reset(&self, exercise_ind: usize, path: &str) -> Result<()> {
         if self.official_exercises {
             return EMBEDDED_FILES
@@ -385,7 +385,7 @@ impl AppState {
     }
 
     /// Official exercises: Dump the solution file from the binary and return its path.
-    /// Community exercises: Check if a solution file exists and return its path in that case.
+    /// Third-party exercises: Check if a solution file exists and return its path in that case.
     pub fn current_solution_path(&self) -> Result<Option<String>> {
         if cfg!(debug_assertions) {
             return Ok(None);
@@ -621,7 +621,7 @@ mod tests {
             file_buf: Vec::new(),
             official_exercises: true,
             cmd_runner: CmdRunner::build().unwrap(),
-            emit_file_links: true,
+            vs_code: false,
         };
 
         let mut assert = |done: [bool; 3], expected: [Option<usize>; 3]| {

src/cargo_toml.rs

@@ -134,14 +134,7 @@ mod tests {
         );
 
         assert_eq!(
-            updated_cargo_toml(
-                &exercise_infos,
-                "abc\n\
-                 bin = [xxx]\n\
-                 123",
-                b"../"
-            )
-            .unwrap(),
+            updated_cargo_toml(&exercise_infos, "abc\nbin = [xxx]\n123", b"../").unwrap(),
             br#"abc
 bin = [
   { name = "1", path = "../exercises/1.rs" },

src/dev.rs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ mod update;
 
 #[derive(Subcommand)]
 pub enum DevCommands {
-    /// Create a new project for community exercises
+    /// Create a new project for third-party Rustlings exercises
     New {
         /// The path to create the project in
         path: PathBuf,

src/dev/check.rs

@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@ use crate::{
     cmd::CmdRunner,
     exercise::{OUTPUT_CAPACITY, RunnableExercise},
     info_file::{ExerciseInfo, InfoFile},
-    term::ProgressCounter,
 };
 
 const MAX_N_EXERCISES: usize = 999;
@@ -106,15 +105,13 @@ fn check_info_file_exercises(info_file: &InfoFile) -> Result<HashSet<PathBuf>> {
 
         if !file_buf.contains("fn main()") {
             bail!(
-                "The `main` function is missing in the file `{path}`.\n\
-                 Create at least an empty `main` function to avoid language server errors"
+                "The `main` function is missing in the file `{path}`.\nCreate at least an empty `main` function to avoid language server errors"
             );
         }
 
         if !file_buf.contains("// TODO") {
             bail!(
-                "Didn't find any `// TODO` comment in the file `{path}`.\n\
-                 You need to have at least one such comment to guide the user."
+                "Didn't find any `// TODO` comment in the file `{path}`.\nYou need to have at least one such comment to guide the user."
             );
         }
 
@@ -220,7 +217,10 @@ fn check_exercises_unsolved(
         .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()
         .context("Failed to spawn a thread to check if an exercise is already solved")?;
 
-    let mut progress_counter = ProgressCounter::new(&mut stdout, handles.len())?;
+    let n_handles = handles.len();
+    write!(stdout, "Progress: 0/{n_handles}")?;
+    stdout.flush()?;
+    let mut handle_num = 1;
 
     for (exercise_name, handle) in handles {
         let Ok(result) = handle.join() else {
@@ -229,17 +229,17 @@ fn check_exercises_unsolved(
 
         match result {
             Ok(true) => {
-                bail!(
-                    "The exercise {exercise_name} is already solved.\n\
-                     {SKIP_CHECK_UNSOLVED_HINT}",
-                )
+                bail!("The exercise {exercise_name} is already solved.\n{SKIP_CHECK_UNSOLVED_HINT}",)
             }
             Ok(false) => (),
             Err(e) => return Err(e),
         }
 
-        progress_counter.increment()?;
+        write!(stdout, "\rProgress: {handle_num}/{n_handles}")?;
+        stdout.flush()?;
+        handle_num += 1;
     }
+    stdout.write_all(b"\n")?;
 
     Ok(())
 }
@@ -247,12 +247,10 @@ fn check_exercises_unsolved(
 fn check_exercises(info_file: &'static InfoFile, cmd_runner: &'static CmdRunner) -> Result<()> {
     match info_file.format_version.cmp(&CURRENT_FORMAT_VERSION) {
         Ordering::Less => bail!(
-            "`format_version` < {CURRENT_FORMAT_VERSION} (supported version)\n\
-             Please migrate to the latest format version"
+            "`format_version` < {CURRENT_FORMAT_VERSION} (supported version)\nPlease migrate to the latest format version"
         ),
         Ordering::Greater => bail!(
-            "`format_version` > {CURRENT_FORMAT_VERSION} (supported version)\n\
-             Try updating the Rustlings program"
+            "`format_version` > {CURRENT_FORMAT_VERSION} (supported version)\nTry updating the Rustlings program"
         ),
         Ordering::Equal => (),
     }
@@ -320,7 +318,10 @@ fn check_solutions(
         .arg("always")
         .stdin(Stdio::null());
 
-    let mut progress_counter = ProgressCounter::new(&mut stdout, handles.len())?;
+    let n_handles = handles.len();
+    write!(stdout, "Progress: 0/{n_handles}")?;
+    stdout.flush()?;
+    let mut handle_num = 1;
 
     for (exercise_info, handle) in info_file.exercises.iter().zip(handles) {
         let Ok(check_result) = handle.join() else {
@@ -337,7 +338,7 @@ fn check_solutions(
             }
             SolutionCheck::MissingOptional => (),
             SolutionCheck::RunFailure { output } => {
-                drop(progress_counter);
+                stdout.write_all(b"\n\n")?;
                 stdout.write_all(&output)?;
                 bail!(
                     "Running the solution of the exercise {} failed with the error above",
@@ -347,21 +348,22 @@ fn check_solutions(
             SolutionCheck::Err(e) => return Err(e),
         }
 
-        progress_counter.increment()?;
+        write!(stdout, "\rProgress: {handle_num}/{n_handles}")?;
+        stdout.flush()?;
+        handle_num += 1;
     }
+    stdout.write_all(b"\n")?;
 
-    let n_solutions = sol_paths.len();
     let handle = thread::Builder::new()
         .spawn(move || check_unexpected_files("solutions", &sol_paths))
         .context(
             "Failed to spawn a thread to check for unexpected files in the solutions directory",
         )?;
 
-    if n_solutions > 0
-        && !fmt_cmd
-            .status()
-            .context("Failed to run `rustfmt` on all solution files")?
-            .success()
+    if !fmt_cmd
+        .status()
+        .context("Failed to run `rustfmt` on all solution files")?
+        .success()
     {
         bail!("Some solutions aren't formatted. Run `rustfmt` on them");
     }

src/dev/new.rs

@@ -78,17 +78,18 @@ pub fn new(path: &Path, no_git: bool) -> Result<()> {
     Ok(())
 }
 
-pub const GITIGNORE: &[u8] = b"Cargo.lock
+pub const GITIGNORE: &[u8] = b".rustlings-state.txt
+Cargo.lock
 target/
 .vscode/
 !.vscode/extensions.json
 ";
 
 const INFO_FILE_BEFORE_FORMAT_VERSION: &str =
-    "# The format version is an indicator of the compatibility of community exercises with the
+    "# The format version is an indicator of the compatibility of third-party exercises with the
 # Rustlings program.
 # The format version is not the same as the version of the Rustlings program.
-# In case Rustlings makes an unavoidable breaking change to the expected format of community
+# In case Rustlings makes an unavoidable breaking change to the expected format of third-party
 # exercises, you would need to raise this version and adapt to the new format.
 # Otherwise, the newest version of the Rustlings program won't be able to run these exercises.
 format_version = ";
@@ -96,7 +97,7 @@ format_version = ";
 const INFO_FILE_AFTER_FORMAT_VERSION: &str = r#"
 
 # Optional multi-line message to be shown to users when just starting with the exercises.
-welcome_message = """Welcome to these community Rustlings exercises."""
+welcome_message = """Welcome to these third-party Rustlings exercises."""
 
 # Optional multi-line message to be shown to users after finishing all exercises.
 final_message = """We hope that you found the exercises helpful :D"""
@@ -140,7 +141,7 @@ publish = false
 
 const README: &str = "# Rustlings 🦀
 
-Welcome to these community Rustlings exercises 😃
+Welcome to these third-party Rustlings exercises 😃
 
 First, [install Rustlings using the official instructions](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings) ✅
 

src/embedded.rs

@@ -20,10 +20,10 @@ struct ExerciseFiles {
 }
 
 fn create_dir_if_not_exists(path: &str) -> Result<()> {
-    if let Err(e) = create_dir(path)
-        && e.kind() != io::ErrorKind::AlreadyExists
-    {
-        return Err(Error::from(e).context(format!("Failed to create the directory {path}")));
+    if let Err(e) = create_dir(path) {
+        if e.kind() != io::ErrorKind::AlreadyExists {
+            return Err(Error::from(e).context(format!("Failed to create the directory {path}")));
+        }
     }
 
     Ok(())
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ mod tests {
 
     #[test]
     fn dirs() {
-        let exercises = toml::de::from_str::<InfoFile>(EMBEDDED_FILES.info_file)
+        let exercises = toml_edit::de::from_str::<InfoFile>(EMBEDDED_FILES.info_file)
             .expect("Failed to parse `info.toml`")
             .exercises;
 

src/exercise.rs

@@ -7,28 +7,22 @@ use std::io::{self, StdoutLock, Write};
 
 use crate::{
     cmd::CmdRunner,
-    term::{self, CountedWrite, file_path, terminal_file_link, write_ansi},
+    term::{self, CountedWrite, terminal_file_link, write_ansi},
 };
 
 /// The initial capacity of the output buffer.
 pub const OUTPUT_CAPACITY: usize = 1 << 14;
 
-pub fn solution_link_line(
-    stdout: &mut StdoutLock,
-    solution_path: &str,
-    emit_file_links: bool,
-) -> io::Result<()> {
+pub fn solution_link_line(stdout: &mut StdoutLock, solution_path: &str) -> io::Result<()> {
     stdout.queue(SetAttribute(Attribute::Bold))?;
     stdout.write_all(b"Solution")?;
     stdout.queue(ResetColor)?;
     stdout.write_all(b" for comparison: ")?;
-    file_path(stdout, Color::Cyan, |writer| {
-        if emit_file_links && let Some(canonical_path) = term::canonicalize(solution_path) {
-            terminal_file_link(writer, solution_path, &canonical_path)
-        } else {
-            writer.stdout().write_all(solution_path.as_bytes())
-        }
-    })?;
+    if let Some(canonical_path) = term::canonicalize(solution_path) {
+        terminal_file_link(stdout, solution_path, &canonical_path, Color::Cyan)?;
+    } else {
+        stdout.write_all(solution_path.as_bytes())?;
+    }
     stdout.write_all(b"\n")
 }
 
@@ -48,17 +42,17 @@ fn run_bin(
 
     let success = cmd_runner.run_debug_bin(bin_name, output.as_deref_mut())?;
 
-    if let Some(output) = output
-        && !success
-    {
-        // This output is important to show the user that something went wrong.
-        // Otherwise, calling something like `exit(1)` in an exercise without further output
-        // leaves the user confused about why the exercise isn't done yet.
-        write_ansi(output, SetAttribute(Attribute::Bold));
-        write_ansi(output, SetForegroundColor(Color::Red));
-        output.extend_from_slice(b"The exercise didn't run successfully (nonzero exit code)");
-        write_ansi(output, ResetColor);
-        output.push(b'\n');
+    if let Some(output) = output {
+        if !success {
+            // This output is important to show the user that something went wrong.
+            // Otherwise, calling something like `exit(1)` in an exercise without further output
+            // leaves the user confused about why the exercise isn't done yet.
+            write_ansi(output, SetAttribute(Attribute::Bold));
+            write_ansi(output, SetForegroundColor(Color::Red));
+            output.extend_from_slice(b"The exercise didn't run successfully (nonzero exit code)");
+            write_ansi(output, ResetColor);
+            output.push(b'\n');
+        }
     }
 
     Ok(success)
@@ -78,18 +72,12 @@ pub struct Exercise {
 }
 
 impl Exercise {
-    pub fn terminal_file_link<'a>(
-        &self,
-        writer: &mut impl CountedWrite<'a>,
-        emit_file_links: bool,
-    ) -> io::Result<()> {
-        file_path(writer, Color::Blue, |writer| {
-            if emit_file_links && let Some(canonical_path) = self.canonical_path.as_deref() {
-                terminal_file_link(writer, self.path, canonical_path)
-            } else {
-                writer.write_str(self.path)
-            }
-        })
+    pub fn terminal_file_link<'a>(&self, writer: &mut impl CountedWrite<'a>) -> io::Result<()> {
+        if let Some(canonical_path) = self.canonical_path.as_deref() {
+            return terminal_file_link(writer, self.path, canonical_path, Color::Blue);
+        }
+
+        writer.write_str(self.path)
     }
 }
 

src/info_file.rs

@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ impl RunnableExercise for ExerciseInfo {
 /// The deserialized `info.toml` file.
 #[derive(Deserialize)]
 pub struct InfoFile {
-    /// For possible breaking changes in the future for community exercises.
+    /// For possible breaking changes in the future for third-party exercises.
     pub format_version: u8,
     /// Shown to users when starting with the exercises.
     pub welcome_message: Option<String>,
@@ -91,15 +91,15 @@ pub struct InfoFile {
 
 impl InfoFile {
     /// Official exercises: Parse the embedded `info.toml` file.
-    /// Community exercises: Parse the `info.toml` file in the current directory.
+    /// Third-party exercises: Parse the `info.toml` file in the current directory.
     pub fn parse() -> Result<Self> {
         // Read a local `info.toml` if it exists.
         let slf = match fs::read_to_string("info.toml") {
-            Ok(file_content) => toml::de::from_str::<Self>(&file_content)
+            Ok(file_content) => toml_edit::de::from_str::<Self>(&file_content)
                 .context("Failed to parse the `info.toml` file")?,
             Err(e) => {
                 if e.kind() == ErrorKind::NotFound {
-                    return toml::de::from_str(EMBEDDED_FILES.info_file)
+                    return toml_edit::de::from_str(EMBEDDED_FILES.info_file)
                         .context("Failed to parse the embedded `info.toml` file");
                 }
 

src/init.rs

@@ -35,27 +35,7 @@ pub fn init() -> Result<()> {
         .stdin(Stdio::null())
         .stderr(Stdio::null())
         .output()
-        .context(
-            "Failed to run the command `cargo locate-project …`\n\
-             Did you already install Rust?\n\
-             Try running `cargo --version` to diagnose the problem.",
-        )?;
-
-    if !Command::new("cargo")
-        .arg("clippy")
-        .arg("--version")
-        .stdin(Stdio::null())
-        .stdout(Stdio::null())
-        .stderr(Stdio::null())
-        .status()
-        .context("Failed to run the command `cargo clippy --version`")?
-        .success()
-    {
-        bail!(
-            "Clippy, the official Rust linter, is missing.\n\
-             Please install it first before initializing Rustlings."
-        )
-    }
+        .context(CARGO_LOCATE_PROJECT_ERR)?;
 
     let mut stdout = io::stdout().lock();
     let mut init_git = true;
@@ -74,17 +54,15 @@ pub fn init() -> Result<()> {
 
         let workspace_manifest_content = fs::read_to_string(&workspace_manifest)
             .with_context(|| format!("Failed to read the file {}", workspace_manifest.display()))?;
-        if !workspace_manifest_content.contains("[workspace]")
+        if !workspace_manifest_content.contains("[workspace]\n")
             && !workspace_manifest_content.contains("workspace.")
         {
             bail!(
-                "The current directory is already part of a Cargo project.\n\
-                 Please initialize Rustlings in a different directory"
+                "The current directory is already part of a Cargo project.\nPlease initialize Rustlings in a different directory"
             );
         }
 
-        stdout.write_all(b"This command will create the directory `rustlings/` as a member of this Cargo workspace.\n\
-                           Press ENTER to continue ")?;
+        stdout.write_all(b"This command will create the directory `rustlings/` as a member of this Cargo workspace.\nPress ENTER to continue ")?;
         press_enter_prompt(&mut stdout)?;
 
         // Make sure "rustlings" is added to `workspace.members` by making
@@ -100,8 +78,7 @@ pub fn init() -> Result<()> {
             .status()?;
         if !status.success() {
             bail!(
-                "Failed to initialize a new Cargo workspace member.\n\
-                 Please initialize Rustlings in a different directory"
+                "Failed to initialize a new Cargo workspace member.\nPlease initialize Rustlings in a different directory"
             );
         }
 
@@ -110,8 +87,7 @@ pub fn init() -> Result<()> {
             .context("Failed to remove the temporary directory `rustlings/`")?;
         init_git = false;
     } else {
-        stdout.write_all(b"This command will create the directory `rustlings/` which will contain the exercises.\n\
-                           Press ENTER to continue ")?;
+        stdout.write_all(b"This command will create the directory `rustlings/` which will contain the exercises.\nPress ENTER to continue ")?;
         press_enter_prompt(&mut stdout)?;
     }
 
@@ -190,6 +166,10 @@ pub fn init() -> Result<()> {
     Ok(())
 }
 
+const CARGO_LOCATE_PROJECT_ERR: &str = "Failed to run the command `cargo locate-project …`
+Did you already install Rust?
+Try running `cargo --version` to diagnose the problem.";
+
 const INIT_SOLUTION_FILE: &[u8] = b"fn main() {
     // DON'T EDIT THIS SOLUTION FILE!
     // It will be automatically filled after you finish the exercise.

src/list/state.rs

@@ -118,8 +118,8 @@ impl<'a> ListState<'a> {
     }
 
     fn draw_exercise_name(&self, writer: &mut MaxLenWriter, exercise: &Exercise) -> io::Result<()> {
-        if !self.search_query.is_empty()
-            && let Some((pre_highlight, highlight, post_highlight)) = exercise
+        if !self.search_query.is_empty() {
+            if let Some((pre_highlight, highlight, post_highlight)) = exercise
                 .name
                 .find(&self.search_query)
                 .and_then(|ind| exercise.name.split_at_checked(ind))
@@ -127,12 +127,13 @@ impl<'a> ListState<'a> {
                     rest.split_at_checked(self.search_query.len())
                         .map(|x| (pre_highlight, x.0, x.1))
                 })
-        {
-            writer.write_str(pre_highlight)?;
-            writer.stdout.queue(SetForegroundColor(Color::Magenta))?;
-            writer.write_str(highlight)?;
-            writer.stdout.queue(SetForegroundColor(Color::Reset))?;
-            return writer.write_str(post_highlight);
+            {
+                writer.write_str(pre_highlight)?;
+                writer.stdout.queue(SetForegroundColor(Color::Magenta))?;
+                writer.write_str(highlight)?;
+                writer.stdout.queue(SetForegroundColor(Color::Reset))?;
+                return writer.write_str(post_highlight);
+            }
         }
 
         writer.write_str(exercise.name)
@@ -185,7 +186,13 @@ impl<'a> ListState<'a> {
 
             writer.write_ascii(&self.name_col_padding[exercise.name.len()..])?;
 
-            exercise.terminal_file_link(&mut writer, self.app_state.emit_file_links())?;
+            // The list links aren't shown correctly in VS Code on Windows.
+            // But VS Code shows its own links anyway.
+            if self.app_state.vs_code() {
+                writer.write_str(exercise.path)?;
+            } else {
+                exercise.terminal_file_link(&mut writer)?;
+            }
 
             writer.write_ascii(&self.path_col_padding[exercise.path.len()..])?;
 

src/main.rs

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ enum Subcommands {
         /// The name of the exercise
         name: Option<String>,
     },
-    /// Commands for developing (community) Rustlings exercises
+    /// Commands for developing (third-party) Rustlings exercises
     #[command(subcommand)]
     Dev(DevCommands),
 }
@@ -104,11 +104,7 @@ fn main() -> Result<ExitCode> {
                 clear_terminal(&mut stdout)?;
 
                 let welcome_message = welcome_message.trim_ascii();
-                write!(
-                    stdout,
-                    "{welcome_message}\n\n\
-                     Press ENTER to continue "
-                )?;
+                write!(stdout, "{welcome_message}\n\nPress ENTER to continue ")?;
                 press_enter_prompt(&mut stdout)?;
                 clear_terminal(&mut stdout)?;
                 // Flush to be able to show errors occurring before printing a newline to stdout.
@@ -167,7 +163,7 @@ fn main() -> Result<ExitCode> {
                 }
                 app_state
                     .current_exercise()
-                    .terminal_file_link(&mut stdout, app_state.emit_file_links())?;
+                    .terminal_file_link(&mut stdout)?;
                 stdout.write_all(b"\n")?;
 
                 return Ok(ExitCode::FAILURE);

src/run.rs

@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ pub fn run(app_state: &mut AppState) -> Result<ExitCode> {
         stdout.write_all(b"Ran ")?;
         app_state
             .current_exercise()
-            .terminal_file_link(&mut stdout, app_state.emit_file_links())?;
+            .terminal_file_link(&mut stdout)?;
         stdout.write_all(b" with errors\n")?;
 
         return Ok(ExitCode::FAILURE);
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ pub fn run(app_state: &mut AppState) -> Result<ExitCode> {
 
     if let Some(solution_path) = app_state.current_solution_path()? {
         stdout.write_all(b"\n")?;
-        solution_link_line(&mut stdout, &solution_path, app_state.emit_file_links())?;
+        solution_link_line(&mut stdout, &solution_path)?;
         stdout.write_all(b"\n")?;
     }
 
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ pub fn run(app_state: &mut AppState) -> Result<ExitCode> {
             stdout.write_all(b"Next exercise: ")?;
             app_state
                 .current_exercise()
-                .terminal_file_link(&mut stdout, app_state.emit_file_links())?;
+                .terminal_file_link(&mut stdout)?;
             stdout.write_all(b"\n")?;
         }
         ExercisesProgress::AllDone => (),

src/term.rs

@@ -160,37 +160,6 @@ impl<'a, 'lock> CheckProgressVisualizer<'a, 'lock> {
     }
 }
 
-pub struct ProgressCounter<'a, 'lock> {
-    stdout: &'a mut StdoutLock<'lock>,
-    total: usize,
-    counter: usize,
-}
-
-impl<'a, 'lock> ProgressCounter<'a, 'lock> {
-    pub fn new(stdout: &'a mut StdoutLock<'lock>, total: usize) -> io::Result<Self> {
-        write!(stdout, "Progress: 0/{total}")?;
-        stdout.flush()?;
-
-        Ok(Self {
-            stdout,
-            total,
-            counter: 0,
-        })
-    }
-
-    pub fn increment(&mut self) -> io::Result<()> {
-        self.counter += 1;
-        write!(self.stdout, "\rProgress: {}/{}", self.counter, self.total)?;
-        self.stdout.flush()
-    }
-}
-
-impl Drop for ProgressCounter<'_, '_> {
-    fn drop(&mut self) {
-        let _ = self.stdout.write_all(b"\n\n");
-    }
-}
-
 pub fn progress_bar<'a>(
     writer: &mut impl CountedWrite<'a>,
     progress: u16,
@@ -272,18 +241,22 @@ pub fn canonicalize(path: &str) -> Option<String> {
         })
 }
 
-pub fn file_path<'a, W: CountedWrite<'a>>(
-    writer: &mut W,
+pub fn terminal_file_link<'a>(
+    writer: &mut impl CountedWrite<'a>,
+    path: &str,
+    canonical_path: &str,
     color: Color,
-    f: impl FnOnce(&mut W) -> io::Result<()>,
 ) -> io::Result<()> {
     writer
         .stdout()
         .queue(SetForegroundColor(color))?
         .queue(SetAttribute(Attribute::Underlined))?;
-
-    f(writer)?;
-
+    writer.stdout().write_all(b"\x1b]8;;file://")?;
+    writer.stdout().write_all(canonical_path.as_bytes())?;
+    writer.stdout().write_all(b"\x1b\\")?;
+    // Only this part is visible.
+    writer.write_str(path)?;
+    writer.stdout().write_all(b"\x1b]8;;\x1b\\")?;
     writer
         .stdout()
         .queue(SetForegroundColor(Color::Reset))?
@@ -292,19 +265,6 @@ pub fn file_path<'a, W: CountedWrite<'a>>(
     Ok(())
 }
 
-pub fn terminal_file_link<'a>(
-    writer: &mut impl CountedWrite<'a>,
-    path: &str,
-    canonical_path: &str,
-) -> io::Result<()> {
-    writer.stdout().write_all(b"\x1b]8;;file://")?;
-    writer.stdout().write_all(canonical_path.as_bytes())?;
-    writer.stdout().write_all(b"\x1b\\")?;
-    // Only this part is visible.
-    writer.write_str(path)?;
-    writer.stdout().write_all(b"\x1b]8;;\x1b\\")
-}
-
 pub fn write_ansi(output: &mut Vec<u8>, command: impl Command) {
     struct FmtWriter<'a>(&'a mut Vec<u8>);
 

src/watch/state.rs

@@ -233,7 +233,7 @@ impl<'a> WatchState<'a> {
             stdout.write_all(b"\n")?;
 
             if let DoneStatus::DoneWithSolution(solution_path) = &self.done_status {
-                solution_link_line(stdout, solution_path, self.app_state.emit_file_links())?;
+                solution_link_line(stdout, solution_path)?;
             }
 
             stdout.write_all(
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ impl<'a> WatchState<'a> {
         stdout.write_all(b"\nCurrent exercise: ")?;
         self.app_state
             .current_exercise()
-            .terminal_file_link(stdout, self.app_state.emit_file_links())?;
+            .terminal_file_link(stdout)?;
         stdout.write_all(b"\n\n")?;
 
         self.show_prompt(stdout)?;

website/.gitignore

@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-/node_modules/
-/package-lock.json
-
-/public/
-
-/static/main.css
-/static/processed_images/

website/config.toml

@@ -1,41 +0,0 @@
-base_url = "https://rustlings.rust-lang.org"
-title = "Rustlings"
-description = "Small exercises to get you used to reading and writing Rust code!"
-
-compile_sass = false
-build_search_index = false
-
-[markdown]
-highlight_code = true
-highlight_theme = "dracula"
-
-insert_anchor_links = "heading"
-
-[extra]
-logo_path = "images/happy_ferris.svg"
-
-[[extra.menu_items]]
-name = "Rustlings"
-url = "@/_index.md"
-[[extra.menu_items]]
-name = "Setup"
-url = "@/setup/index.md"
-[[extra.menu_items]]
-name = "Usage"
-url = "@/usage/index.md"
-[[extra.menu_items]]
-name = "Community Exercises"
-url = "@/community-exercises/index.md"
-[[extra.menu_items]]
-name = "Q&A"
-url = "https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/discussions/categories/q-a?discussions_q="
-
-[[extra.footer_items]]
-name = "Repository"
-url = "https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings"
-[[extra.footer_items]]
-name = "Changelog"
-url = "https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md"
-[[extra.footer_items]]
-name = "MIT License"
-url = "https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/blob/main/LICENSE"

website/content/_index.md

@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-+++
-+++
-
-Small exercises to get you used to reading and writing [Rust](https://www.rust-lang.org) code - _Recommended in parallel to reading [the official Rust book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book) 📚️_
-
-<script src="https://asciinema.org/a/719805.js" id="asciicast-719805" async="true"></script>
-
-## Quick start
-
-```bash
-# Installation
-cargo install rustlings
-# Initialization
-rustlings init
-# Moving into new directory
-cd rustlings
-# Starting Rustlings
-rustlings
-```
-
-Visit the [**setup**](@/setup/index.md) page for more details 🧰

website/content/community-exercises/index.md

@@ -1,73 +0,0 @@
-+++
-title = "Community Exercises"
-+++
-
-## List of Community Exercises
-
-- 🇯🇵 [Japanese Rustlings](https://github.com/sotanengel/rustlings-jp)：A Japanese translation of the Rustlings exercises.
-- 🇨🇳 [Simplified Chinese Rustlings](https://github.com/SandmeyerX/rustlings-zh-cn): A simplified Chinese translation of the Rustlings exercises.
-
-> You can use the same `rustlings` program that you installed with `cargo install rustlings` to run community exercises.
-
-## Creating Community Exercises
-
-Rustling's support for community exercises allows you to create your own exercises to focus on some specific topic.
-You could also offer a translation of the original Rustlings exercises as community exercises.
-
-### Getting Started
-
-To create community exercises, install Rustlings and run `rustlings dev new PROJECT_NAME`.
-This command will, similar to `cargo new PROJECT_NAME`, create the template directory `PROJECT_NAME` with all what you need to get started.
-
-_Read the comments_ in the generated `info.toml` file to understand its format.
-It allows you to set a custom welcome and final message and specify the metadata of every exercise.
-
-### Creating an Exercise
-
-Here is an example of the metadata of one exercise:
-
-```toml
-[[exercises]]
-name = "intro1"
-hint = """
-To finish this exercise, you need to …
-These links might help you …"""
-```
-
-After entering this in `info.toml`, create the file `intro1.rs` in the `exercises/` directory.
-The exercise needs to contain a `main` function, but it can be empty.
-Adding tests is recommended.
-Look at the official Rustlings exercises for inspiration.
-
-You can optionally add a solution file `intro1.rs` to the `solutions/` directory.
-
-Now, run `rustlings dev check`.
-It will tell you about any issues with your exercises.
-For example, it will tell you to run `rustlings dev update` to update the `Cargo.toml` file to include the new exercise `intro1`.
-
-`rustlings dev check` will also run your solutions (if you have any) to make sure that they run successfully.
-
-That's it!
-You finished your first exercise 🎉
-
-### Cargo.toml
-
-Except of the `bin` list, you can modify the `Cargo.toml` file as you want.
-
-> The `bin` list is automatically updated by running `rustlings dev update`
-
-- You can add dependencies in the `[dependencies]` table.
-- You might want to [configure some lints](https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html#the-lints-section) for all exercises. You can do so in the `[lints.rust]` and `[lints.clippy]` tables.
-
-### Publishing
-
-Now, add more exercises and publish them as a Git repository.
-
-Users just have to clone that repository and run `rustlings` in it to start working on your exercises (just like the official ones).
-
-One difference to the official exercises is that the solution files will not be hidden until the user finishes an exercise.
-But you can trust your users to not open the solution too early 😉
-
-### Sharing
-
-After publishing your community exercises, open an issue or a pull request in the [official Rustlings repository](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings) to add your project to the [list of community exercises](#list-of-community-exercises) 😃

website/content/setup/index.md

@@ -1,78 +0,0 @@
-+++
-title = "Setup"
-+++
-
-<!-- toc -->
-
-## Installing Rust
-
-Before installing Rustlings, you must have the **latest version of Rust** installed.
-Visit [www.rust-lang.org/tools/install](https://www.rust-lang.org/tools/install) for further instructions.
-This will also install _Cargo_, Rust's package/project manager.
-
-> 🐧 If you are on **Linux**, make sure you have `gcc` installed (_for a linker_).
->
-> Debian: `sudo apt install gcc`\
-> Fedora: `sudo dnf install gcc`
-
-> 🍎 If you are on **MacOS**, make sure you have _Xcode and its developer tools_ installed: `xcode-select --install`
-
-## Installing Rustlings
-
-The following command will download and compile Rustlings:
-
-```bash
-cargo install rustlings
-```
-
-{% details(summary="If the installation fails…") %}
-
-- Make sure you have the latest Rust version by running `rustup update`
-- Try adding the `--locked` flag: `cargo install rustlings --locked`
-- Otherwise, please [report the issue](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/issues/new)
-
-{% end %}
-
-## Initialization
-
-After installing Rustlings, run the following command to initialize the `rustlings/` directory:
-
-```bash
-rustlings init
-```
-
-{% details(summary="If the command <code>rustlings</code> can't be found…") %}
-
-You are probably using Linux and installed Rust using your package manager.
-
-Cargo installs binaries to the directory `~/.cargo/bin`.
-Sadly, package managers often don't add `~/.cargo/bin` to your `PATH` environment variable.
-
-- Either add `~/.cargo/bin` manually to `PATH`
-- Or uninstall Rust from the package manager and [install it using the official way with `rustup`](https://www.rust-lang.org/tools/install)
-
-{% end %}
-
-Now, go into the newly initialized directory and launch Rustlings for further instructions on getting started with the exercises:
-
-```bash
-cd rustlings/
-rustlings
-```
-
-## Working environment
-
-### Editor
-
-Our general recommendation is [VS Code](https://code.visualstudio.com/) with the [rust-analyzer plugin](https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=rust-lang.rust-analyzer).
-But any editor that supports [rust-analyzer](https://rust-analyzer.github.io/) should be enough for working on the exercises.
-
-### Terminal
-
-While working with Rustlings, please use a modern terminal for the best user experience.
-The default terminal on Linux and Mac should be sufficient.
-On Windows, we recommend the [Windows Terminal](https://aka.ms/terminal).
-
-## Usage
-
-After being done with the setup, visit the [**usage**](@/usage/index.md) page for some info about using Rustlings 🚀

website/content/usage/index.md

@@ -1,55 +0,0 @@
-+++
-title = "Usage"
-+++
-
-<!-- toc -->
-
-## Doing exercises
-
-The exercises are sorted by topic and can be found in the subdirectory `exercises/<topic>`.
-For every topic, there is an additional `README.md` file with some resources to get you started on the topic.
-We highly recommend that you have a look at them before you start 📚️
-
-Most exercises contain an error that keeps them from compiling, and it's up to you to fix it!
-Some exercises contain tests that need to pass for the exercise to be done ✅
-
-Search for `TODO` and `todo!()` to find out what you need to change.
-Ask for hints by entering `h` in the _watch mode_ 💡
-
-## Watch Mode
-
-After the [initialization](@/setup/index.md#initialization), Rustlings can be launched by simply running the command `rustlings`.
-
-This will start the _watch mode_ which walks you through the exercises in a predefined order (what we think is best for newcomers).
-It will rerun the current exercise automatically every time you change the exercise's file in the `exercises/` directory.
-
-{% details(summary="If detecting file changes in the <code>exercises/</code> directory fails…") %}
-
-You can add the **`--manual-run`** flag (`rustlings --manual-run`) to manually rerun the current exercise by entering `r` in the watch mode.
-
-Please [report the issue](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/issues/new) with some information about your operating system and whether you run Rustlings in a container or a virtual machine (e.g. WSL).
-
-{% end %}
-
-## Exercise List
-
-In the [watch mode](#watch-mode) (after launching `rustlings`), you can enter `l` to open the interactive exercise list.
-
-The list allows you to…
-
-- See the status of all exercises (done or pending)
-- `c`: Continue at another exercise (temporarily skip some exercises or go back to a previous one)
-- `r`: Reset status and file of the selected exercise (you need to _reload/reopen_ its file in your editor afterwards)
-
-See the footer of the list for all possible keys.
-
-## Questions?
-
-If you need any help while doing the exercises and the builtin hints aren't helpful, feel free to ask in the [_Q&A_ discussions](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/discussions/categories/q-a?discussions_q=) if your question isn't answered there 💡
-
-## Continuing On
-
-Once you've completed Rustlings, put your new knowledge to good use!
-Continue practicing your Rust skills by building your own projects, contributing to Rustlings, or finding other open-source projects to contribute to.
-
-> If you want to create your own Rustlings exercises, visit the [**community exercises**](@/community-exercises/index.md) page 🏗️

website/input.css

@@ -1,54 +0,0 @@
-@import 'tailwindcss';
-
-@layer base {
-  h1 {
-    @apply text-4xl mt-3 mb-3 font-bold;
-  }
-  h2 {
-    @apply text-3xl mt-4 mb-1.5 font-bold;
-  }
-  h3 {
-    @apply text-2xl mt-5 mb-1.5 font-bold;
-  }
-  h4 {
-    @apply text-xl mt-6 mb-1.5 font-bold;
-  }
-  p {
-    @apply mb-2;
-  }
-  a {
-    @apply text-[#FFC832] underline hover:decoration-orange-400 transition duration-300;
-  }
-  ul {
-    @apply mt-2 mb-3 ml-1 list-disc list-inside marker:text-sky-600;
-  }
-  ol {
-    @apply mt-2 mb-3 ml-1 list-decimal list-inside marker:text-sky-500;
-  }
-  li {
-    @apply my-0.5;
-  }
-  code {
-    @apply bg-white/10 px-1 pb-px pt-1 rounded-md;
-  }
-  pre code {
-    @apply bg-inherit p-0 text-inherit;
-  }
-  hr {
-    @apply my-5 rounded-full;
-  }
-  img {
-    @apply md:w-3/4 lg:w-3/5;
-  }
-  blockquote {
-    @apply px-3 pt-2 pb-0.5 mb-4 mt-2 border-s-4 border-white/80 bg-white/7 rounded-sm;
-  }
-
-  pre {
-    @apply px-2 pt-2 pb-px overflow-x-auto text-sm sm:text-base rounded-sm mt-2 mb-4 after:content-[attr(data-lang)] after:text-[8px] after:opacity-40 selection:bg-white/15;
-  }
-  pre code mark {
-    @apply pb-0.5 pt-1 pr-px text-inherit rounded-xs;
-  }
-}
-

website/justfile

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-zola:
-	zola serve --open
-
-tailwind:
-	npx @tailwindcss/cli -w -i input.css -o static/main.css

website/package.json

@@ -1,5 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "dependencies": {
-    "@tailwindcss/cli": "^4.1"
-  }
-}

website/static/images/happy_ferris.svg

@@ -1,33 +0,0 @@
-<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?>
-<!DOCTYPE svg PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD SVG 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/Graphics/SVG/1.1/DTD/svg11.dtd">
-<svg width="100%" height="100%" viewBox="0 0 1200 800" version="1.1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xml:space="preserve" xmlns:serif="http://www.serif.com/" style="fill-rule:evenodd;clip-rule:evenodd;stroke-linejoin:round;stroke-miterlimit:1.41421;">
-    <g id="Layer-1" serif:id="Layer 1">
-        <g transform="matrix(1,0,0,1,1009.4,506.362)">
-            <path d="M0,-7.203L-12.072,-32.209C-12.009,-33.156 -11.961,-34.107 -11.961,-35.062C-11.961,-63.408 -41.439,-89.533 -91.03,-110.451L-91.03,-93.058C-95.866,-94.977 -100.901,-96.845 -106.147,-98.651L-106.147,-106.759C-177.021,-132.319 -282.53,-148.537 -400.388,-148.537C-503.361,-148.537 -596.917,-136.157 -666.179,-115.983L-666.179,-87.737L-666.181,-87.737L-666.181,-121.925C-737.141,-99.375 -781.135,-68.048 -781.135,-33.41C-781.135,-27.95 -780.034,-22.572 -777.918,-17.297L-785.146,-4.43C-785.146,-4.43 -790.938,3.082 -780.74,18.932C-771.746,32.909 -726.692,87.617 -702.913,116.267C-692.699,130.954 -685.772,140.001 -685.167,139.126C-684.212,137.74 -691.518,110.165 -711.802,78.703C-721.268,61.808 -732.57,39.42 -739.356,22.884C-720.414,34.874 -609.126,90.913 -382.124,90.685C-150.13,90.453 -47.009,17.834 -35.691,7.948C-39.646,23.837 -53.159,55.981 -63.936,78.586C-81.642,110.917 -88.056,139.064 -87.232,140.456C-86.708,141.334 -80.667,132.015 -71.756,116.913C-51.025,87.37 -11.739,30.974 -3.889,16.608C5.007,0.323 0,-7.203 0,-7.203" style="fill:rgb(165,43,0);fill-rule:nonzero;"/>
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-    <use xlink:href="#hole" transform="rotate(144)" />
-    <use xlink:href="#hole" transform="rotate(216)" />
-    <use xlink:href="#hole" transform="rotate(288)" />
-  </mask>
-</g>
-</svg>

website/templates/404.html

@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-{% extends "base.html" %}
-
-{% block content %}
-    <div class="flex flex-col mx-auto text-center">
-        <h1>DON'T PANIC!</h1>
-        <h2>404: Page not found!</h2>
-
-        <img class="mx-auto max-h-[50vh]"
-             src="{{ get_url(path='images/panic.svg') | safe }}"
-             alt="">
-
-        <a class="text-2xl font-bold" href="{{ get_url(path='@/_index.md') }}">Back to homepage</a>
-    </div>
-{% endblock %}

website/templates/anchor-link.html

@@ -1,2 +0,0 @@
-<a class="text-white no-underline transition-none hover:underline"
-   href="#{{ id }}"></a>

website/templates/base.html

@@ -1,92 +0,0 @@
-<!DOCTYPE html>
-<html lang="en">
-    <head>
-        <meta charset="UTF-8">
-        <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
-
-        {%- set timestamp = now(timestamp=true) -%}
-
-        {%- if page.title -%}
-            {% set_global title = page.title %}
-        {%- elif section.title -%}
-            {% set_global title = section.title %}
-        {%- else -%}
-            {% set_global title = config.title %}
-        {%- endif -%}
-
-        {%- if page.description -%}
-            {% set_global description = page.description %}
-        {%- elif section.description -%}
-            {% set_global description = section.description %}
-        {%- else -%}
-            {% set_global description = config.description %}
-        {%- endif -%}
-
-        {%- if page.permalink -%}
-            {% set_global permalink = page.permalink %}
-        {%- elif section.permalink -%}
-            {% set_global permalink = section.permalink %}
-        {%- endif %}
-
-        <title>{%- block title -%}{{- title -}}{%- endblock -%}</title>
-
-        <meta name="description"
-              content="{%- block description -%}{{- description -}}{%- endblock -%}">
-
-        <link rel="icon"
-              type="image/x-icon"
-              href="{{ get_url(path=config.extra.logo_path) | safe }}?v={{ timestamp }}">
-
-        <link href="{{ get_url(path='main.css') | safe }}?v={{ timestamp }}"
-              rel="stylesheet">
-
-        <meta property="og:title" content="{{ title }}">
-        <meta property="og:description" content="{{ description }}">
-        <meta property="og:image"
-              content="{{ get_url(path=config.extra.logo_path) | safe }}?v={{ timestamp }}">
-        {% if permalink %}<meta property="og:url" content="{{ permalink | safe }}">{% endif %}
-    </head>
-
-    <body class="flex flex-col p-2 mx-auto min-h-screen text-lg text-white break-words lg:px-5 2xl:container bg-[#2A3439]">
-        <header class="flex flex-col gap-x-4 items-center py-2 px-4 mb-1 rounded-sm sm:flex-row sm:rounded-full bg-black/30">
-            <a class="transition duration-500 hover:scale-110"
-               href="{{ get_url(path='@/_index.md') | safe }}"
-               aria-hidden="true">
-                <img class="w-12 h-12"
-                     src="{{ get_url(path=config.extra.logo_path) | safe }}"
-                     alt="">
-            </a>
-
-            <nav class="flex flex-col gap-x-6 items-center font-bold sm:flex-row">
-                {% for menu_item in config.extra.menu_items %}
-                    {%- if menu_item.url is starting_with("@") -%}
-                        {% set_global menu_item_url = get_url(path=menu_item.url) %}
-                    {%- else -%}
-                        {% set_global menu_item_url = menu_item.url %}
-                    {%- endif %}
-
-                    <a class="p-1 no-underline" href="{{ menu_item_url | safe }}">{{ menu_item.name }}</a>
-                {% endfor %}
-            </nav>
-        </header>
-
-        <main class="leading-relaxed">
-            {% block content %}{% endblock %}
-        </main>
-
-        <footer class="pt-2 pb-1 mt-auto text-sm text-center">
-            <div class="inline-flex gap-x-1.5 items-center mx-auto mt-2">
-                <img class="w-8 h-8"
-                     src="{{ get_url(path='images/rust_logo.svg') | safe }}"
-                     alt="">
-                <div class="italic">Rustlings is an official Rust project</div>
-            </div>
-
-            <nav class="flex flex-col gap-y-3 justify-around py-3 mt-3 rounded-sm sm:flex-row sm:rounded-full bg-black/30">
-                {% for footer_item in config.extra.footer_items %}
-                    <a class="no-underline" href="{{ footer_item.url | safe }}">{{ footer_item.name }}</a>
-                {% endfor %}
-            </nav>
-        </footer>
-    </body>
-</html>

website/templates/index.html

@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-{% extends "base.html" %}
-
-{% block content %}
-    <div class="m-3">
-        <h1>Rustlings</h1>
-
-        {{ section.content | safe }}
-    </div>
-{% endblock %}

website/templates/page.html

@@ -1,39 +0,0 @@
-{% extends "base.html" %}
-
-{% block content %}
-    <article>
-        <h1>{{ page.title }}</h1>
-
-        <div class="py-0.5 px-4 my-3 rounded-xl border-double border-s-4">
-            <nav>
-                <ul class="ml-0 list-none">
-                    {% for parent in page.toc %}
-                        {% if parent.level == 2 %}
-                            <li>
-                                {#- -#}
-                                <a href="{{ parent.permalink | safe }}">{{ parent.title }}</a>
-                                {#- -#}
-                                {% if parent.children %}
-                                    <ul class="my-0 ml-5 list-none">
-                                        {% for child in parent.children %}
-                                            {% if child.level == 3 %}
-                                                <li>
-                                                    {#- -#}
-                                                    <a class="text-base" href="{{ child.permalink | safe }}">{{ child.title }}</a>
-                                                    {#- -#}
-                                                </li>
-                                            {% endif %}
-                                        {% endfor %}
-                                    </ul>
-                                {% endif %}
-                                {#- -#}
-                            </li>
-                        {% endif %}
-                    {% endfor %}
-                </ul>
-            </nav>
-        </div>
-
-        {{ page.content | safe }}
-    </article>
-{% endblock %}

website/templates/shortcodes/details.html

@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-<details>
-    <summary>
-        <strong>{{ summary | safe }}</strong> (<em>click to expand</em>)
-    </summary>
-
-    <blockquote class="pt-1 mx-0.5 mt-1 rounded-none border-dashed border-x-3 border-b-3">
-        {{ body | markdown | safe }}
-    </blockquote>
-</details>