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108 Commits
1.5.1 ... 3.0.0

Author SHA1 Message Date
mokou
2ff3f7ae13 3.0.0 2020-04-12 00:01:08 +02:00
fmoko
2b80f6ed41 chore: Remove duplicate option1 exercise 2020-04-11 17:27:10 +02:00
Rohan Jain
3ab084a421 fix(run): compile clippy exercise files 
Additionally to running clippy, also compile the exercise file so that
`rustling run clippy1` works after a successful completion of the
exercise.

closes #291

Signed-off-by: Rohan Jain <crodjer@gmail.com>
 2020-04-11 08:58:23 +02:00
mokou
495174ff7c chore: remove travis ci 
And add a buildkite build status badge
 2020-04-08 12:27:28 +02:00
mokou
b049fa2c84 feat(ci): add buildkite config 2020-04-08 12:08:37 +02:00
fmoko
052f0aa7d4 Merge pull request #292 from Tuxified/patch-1 
Remove duplicate not done comment
 2020-04-08 11:23:49 +02:00
Tonći Galić
60393999b8 remove bottom comment instead of top 2020-04-08 11:00:11 +02:00
Roberto Vidal
b3a3351e8e fix: revert primitive_types4 (#296) 2020-04-08 10:42:35 +02:00
Sanjay K
86b5c08b9b feat: Add Option2 exercise (#290) 
* added option2

* changed up the exercise, modified the help section

* Update exercises/option/option2.rs

Co-Authored-By: fmoko <mokou@posteo.net>

* Update exercises/option/option2.rs

Co-Authored-By: fmoko <mokou@posteo.net>

* Update exercises/option/option2.rs

Co-Authored-By: fmoko <mokou@posteo.net>

Co-authored-by: fmoko <mokou@posteo.net>
 2020-04-07 20:16:10 +02:00
Tonći Galić
dab90f7b91 Remove duplicate not done comment 
As indicated in #259 , I found it confusing to have 2 comments as the code wouldn't compile unless I solved both issues (I used the script from #281 to remove a comment and use `:wn` to go to next exercise, hence this tripped me).
 2020-04-07 17:00:45 +02:00
fmoko
71d31256a6 Merge pull request #278 from jrvidal/output-mode 
feature: adds "output" mode, resolves #270
 2020-04-07 11:26:48 +02:00
Roberto Vidal
3b6d5c3aaa feature: makes "compile" exercise print output, resolves #270 
When running "compile"-mode exercises in interactive `verify` mode,
we print their output when we prompt the learner if they want to
continue. This improves the "experimentation" experience, since
trying different things does produce a visible change.
 2020-04-06 16:17:14 +02:00
fmoko
7ce42941ea Merge pull request #282 from sanjaykdragon/master 
feat: added option exercise
 2020-04-05 15:58:09 +02:00
Sanjay K
3f8171475c updated info.toml 2020-04-05 09:45:07 -04:00
fmoko
b135b589e0 Merge pull request #280 from sjmann/generics-exercises 
feat: added generics exercises
 2020-04-05 14:40:34 +02:00
Sanjay K
05ca3d77f7 Merge branch 'master' of https://github.com/sanjaykdragon/rustlings 2020-04-02 08:41:14 -04:00
Sanjay K
6deee7e3e9 fixed spacing 2020-04-02 08:40:59 -04:00
fmoko
9dc404077a Merge pull request #288 from vjousse/fix-traits-doc 
chore(TRAITS1): don't hardcode documentation version
 2020-03-26 21:16:52 +01:00
Vincent Jousse
30e6af6069 Don't hardcode documentation version for traits 2020-03-26 15:22:22 +01:00
Sanjay K
9788496a85 Update option1.rs 2020-03-11 13:44:41 -04:00
Sanjay K
6d3a412d47 Update option1.rs 2020-03-11 13:44:10 -04:00
bors
700b236f4d Auto merge of #284 - sl4m:update-from-into-ex, r=fmoko 
Adds additional test to meet exercise rules

This PR adds an additional test to meet this exercise [rule](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/blob/master/exercises/conversions/from_into.rs#L33).
 2020-03-11 15:06:23 +00:00
skim
bc22ec382f adds additional test to meet exercise rules 2020-03-11 07:58:04 -07:00
Sanjay K
135e5d47a7 feat: added excercise for option 2020-03-05 15:52:54 -05:00
sjmann
0f8001ea44 add I AM NOT DONE comments 2020-02-28 00:31:55 +00:00
sjmann
5b6e23c323 removed artifact from manual testing 2020-02-28 00:29:30 +00:00
sjmann
29b30ec946 Merge branch 'master' of https://github.com/sjmann/rustlings into generics-exercises 2020-02-28 00:19:45 +00:00
sjmann
76be5e4e99 feat: added new exercises for generics 2020-02-28 00:09:08 +00:00
mokou
8b9479071c 2.2.1 2020-02-27 19:22:55 +01:00
mokou
3d9b03c52b fix: Re-add cloning the repo to install scripts 2020-02-27 19:19:31 +01:00
bors
a03d9655a8 Auto merge of #269 - Tarnadas:master, r=fmoko 
feat: Add clippy lints

This is a feature PR which adds the possiblity to create clippy exercises.

Clippy has many awesome linting rules, which can give a deeper understanding about the Rust programming language, therefor I made this PR.
 2020-02-26 14:22:51 +00:00
Mario Reder
1e2fd9c92f feat: Add clippy lints 
- adds a new 'clippy' category for exercises
- clippy exercises should throw no warnings
- install script now also installs clippy

is related to https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-clippy/issues/2604
 2020-02-26 14:07:07 +01:00
bors
7e8530b21f Auto merge of #271 - jrvidal:refactor, r=fmoko 
refactor: exercise evaluation

After working a bit on #270, I realized that it'd be useful to first perform a minor refactor of exercise evaluation.

* Now we have standard methods to compile + execute that return `Result`s.
* Success/failure messages are standardized.
 2020-02-26 11:48:01 +00:00
bors
98358597a9 Auto merge of #277 - sjmann:update-ignore, r=fmoko 
chore: update gitignore to ignore pdb files

Pr for issue #275
 2020-02-26 10:46:53 +00:00
sjmann
8064facbb8 chore: update gitignore to ignore pdb files 2020-02-26 10:43:13 +00:00
sjmann
f981dcfde4 Merge branch 'master' of https://github.com/sjmann/rustlings 2020-02-26 10:38:50 +00:00
mokou
6eb62fa2ce 2.2.0 2020-02-25 23:00:19 +01:00
bors
78295ce92f Auto merge of #274 - sjmann:master, r=fmoko 
chore: fixed merge conflicts from traits exercises added by s-marios

I hope this doesn't step on any toes but I wanted to try the traits exercises from #216 so I updated them to match the new structure with hints included in info.toml
 2020-02-25 21:27:39 +00:00
fmoko
358fb473cd Merge pull request #276 from stigjb-forks/testing-test4 
Enable test for exercise test4
 2020-02-25 14:25:22 +01:00
Stig Johan Berggren
a45486f2d0 Add a second test case 2020-02-25 14:25:03 +01:00
Stig Johan Berggren
8b971ffab6 Enable test for exercise test4 2020-02-25 14:13:10 +01:00
Steven Mann
dc84aacc65 remove confusing comment wording 2020-02-25 11:00:09 +00:00
sjmann
bbf8922ef7 Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream/master' 2020-02-25 10:00:38 +00:00
sjmann
b559cdd73f added traits exercises 2020-02-25 09:48:50 +00:00
fmoko
ec51cdb229 Merge pull request #273 from sjmann/master 
docs(iterators): Updated iterators readme to account for iterators4 exercise
 2020-02-22 15:34:51 +01:00
sjmann
a3f70124dc fixed typo 2020-02-22 14:28:07 +00:00
sjmann
bec8e3a644 reworded missing exercise explanation 2020-02-22 13:04:37 +00:00
bors
c228a06e49 Auto merge of #272 - QuintenJohnson:fix/installation-warning-messages, r=fmoko 
fix(installation): make fatal errors more obvious

I initially ran the installation script without rust installed. The fact that the error message was labeled with WARNING made me unsure whether installation was successful or I needed to re-run after installing rust. There's an error code returned on fatal errors, but this change will make things clearer.
 2020-02-21 20:56:11 +00:00
Quinten Johnson
17d0951e66 fix(installation): make fatal errors more obvious 2020-02-21 11:52:47 -06:00
Roberto Vidal
43dc31193a refactor: exercise evaluation 
Exercise evaluation (compilation + execution) now uses Results
Success/failure messages are standardized
 2020-02-20 20:27:05 +01:00
fmoko
83bbd9e82e chore: Correct test command in tests1.rs comment (#267) 
chore: Correct test command in tests1.rs comment
 2020-01-29 15:39:10 +01:00
Jason Tsai
39fa7ae8b7 chore: Correct test command in tests1.rs comment 2020-01-29 13:48:43 +08:00
fmoko
3161a8fd9d Fixed mangled sentence from book; edited for clarity (#266) 
Fixed mangled sentence from book; edited for clarity
 2020-01-25 13:27:53 +01:00
Paul Bissex
ade52ffb73 Fixed mangled sentence from book; edited for clarity 2020-01-25 03:24:14 -05:00
fmoko
89c73647f1 Add variables5 to introduce shadowing (#264) 
Add variables5 to introduce shadowing
 2020-01-14 23:32:45 +01:00
Torben Jonas
0c73609e6f feat: Add variables5.rs exercise 
closes #260
 2020-01-14 21:10:07 +01:00
fmoko
19a93428b3 fix: Update deps to version compatable with aarch64-pc-windows (#263) 
fix: Update deps to version compatable with aarch64-pc-windows
 2020-01-11 12:23:23 +01:00
Harrison Metzger
32a9cf7b8d fix: Update deps to version compatable with aarch64-pc-windows 2020-01-11 02:45:38 -06:00
fmoko
c86b217e1d Created consistent money unit (#258) 
Created consistent money unit
 2019-12-30 16:48:04 +01:00
gnodarse
fd57f8f2c1 Created consistent money unit 2019-12-29 19:15:32 -05:00
bors
0d1f1a19b7 Auto merge of #253 - codehearts:watch-completion-message, r=fmoko 
feat: Show a completion message when watching

The completion message is shown only once all exercises succeed and are
not annotated with "I AM NOT DONE." The watch command will also exit

closes #251

Let me know if there are any tests I could add or if the completion message should be tweaked!
 2019-12-28 20:01:28 +00:00
Kate Hart
d25ee55a32 feat: Show a completion message when watching 
The completion message is shown only once all exercises succeed and are
not annotated with "I AM NOT DONE." The watch command will also exit

closes #251
 2019-12-26 20:27:49 -08:00
fmoko
3afa96bed4 Enable a test and improve per clippy's suggestion. (#256) 
Enable a test and improve per clippy's suggestion.
 2019-12-25 00:59:35 +01:00
dmitri-mamrukov
dfdf8093eb Enable a test and improve per clippy's suggestion. 2019-12-23 21:37:09 -05:00
fmoko
3906efcd52 fix(docs): Added a necessary step to Windows installation process 2019-12-22 13:21:24 +01:00
Socrates
2021a1ac7d Update README.md 
Added an essential step to Windows installation process (Setting ExecutionPolicy to RemoteSigned because it wouldn't install otherwise).
 2019-12-22 14:16:04 +02:00
bors
426a7bb87f Auto merge of #249 - AbdouSeck:conversions, r=fmoko 
feat: Add type conversion and parsing exercises

This pull request adds exercises for converting values into specific types. The exercises uses string to struct type conversions, but most of the traits in the exercises can handle more than just string parsing and conversions.

The following traits are covered:
1. `From` and `Into`
2. `TryFrom` and `TryInto`
3. `AsRef`
4. `FromStr`

The `as` operator is also covered.
 2019-12-16 16:41:03 +00:00
Abdou Seck
fc26b5e151 I AM NOT DONE comment in conversions exercise files 2019-12-16 11:33:00 -05:00
Abdou Seck
0c85dc1193 feat: Add type conversion and parsing exercises 2019-12-16 09:12:13 -05:00
marisa
fe10e06c37 fix(tests1): Change test command 
Closes #243.
 2019-12-16 13:05:25 +01:00
marisa
419f7797f2 fix(iterators2): Remove reference to missing iterators2.rs (#245) 
fix(iterators2): Remove reference to missing iterators2.rs
 2019-12-16 12:51:03 +01:00
Rahat Ahmed
54571a5fca fix(iterators2): Remove reference to missing iterators2.rs 2019-12-07 23:25:13 -08:00
marisa
4b79691d5e 2.1.0 2019-11-27 10:46:09 +01:00
marisa
615ce32798 fix(enums): Add link to chapter on pattern syntax (#242) 
Add link to chapter on pattern syntax
 2019-11-25 12:16:51 +00:00
Jens
31c25ebb50 Add link to chapter on pattern syntax 
After being stuck on exercise enums3.rs for about an hour or two, having read the entire chapter on enums 2-3 times, and still being unable to complete the exercise, i started broadening my reading. I finally found the answer in the rust docs via google.
 2019-11-24 09:28:33 +01:00
bors
f4acb888a6 Auto merge of #241 - vyaslav:master, r=fmoko 
feat(watch): show hint while watching

`rustlings hint ...` command is not convenient when doing exercises with `rustlings watch`.
This PR makes it possible for user to type `hint` while running `watch`  and get hint text for exercise which is currently failing.
e.g.
```rust
...
  --> exercises/variables/variables1.rs:13:36
   |
13 |     println!("x has the value {}", x);
   |                                    ^ not found in this scope

error: aborting due to 2 previous errors

For more information about this error, try `rustc --explain E0425`.

type 'hint' to get help:
hint
Hint: The declaration on line 12 is missing a keyword that is needed in Rust
to create a new variable binding.
```
 2019-11-18 22:23:14 +00:00
vyaslav
8143d57b4e feat(watch): show hint while watching 2019-11-18 20:52:57 +01:00
bors
a40ad092e9 Auto merge of #239 - jrvidal:master, r=fmoko 
fix: line numbers in several exercises and hints

The introduction of `I AM NOT DONE` shifted the lines of all exercises, which now need adjustment.
 2019-11-14 08:23:50 +00:00
Roberto Vidal
b565c4d3e7 fix: line numbers in several exercises and hints 
The introduction of `I AM NOT DONE` shifted the lines of all
exercises, which now need adjustment.
 2019-11-14 08:21:56 +01:00
bors
e9a835c1c0 Auto merge of #237 - ckeschnat:master, r=fmoko 
fix(variables1): Correct wrong word in comment
 2019-11-13 23:45:56 +00:00
bors
cf38f03459 Auto merge of #238 - ageorgou:functions4-update, r=fmoko 
Update line numbers in hints and outdated comment

In functions4, the missing code is in line 14 in the latest version:
```rust
error: expected type, found `{`
  --> exercises/functions/functions4.rs:14:30
   |
14 | fn sale_price(price: i32) -> {
   |                              ^ expected type

error: aborting due to previous error
```
but the hint points to line 12. This is due to a recent change in 2cdd61294f.

Also includes similar updates for strings2 and primitive_types4.
 2019-11-13 23:41:00 +00:00
Anastasis Georgoulas
4c5189df2b fix(primitive_types4): update outdated hint 
Exercise was changed to test (and the order was switched) in #209.
 2019-11-13 23:23:34 +00:00
Anastasis Georgoulas
a09f684f05 fix(strings2): update line number in hint 2019-11-13 23:23:34 +00:00
ageorgou
8cc5af121c Fix(functions4): Update line number in hint 2019-11-12 23:49:19 +00:00
Chris Keschnat
c42c3b2101 fix(arc1): Fix some words in the comment 2019-11-12 18:37:23 +01:00
Chris Keschnat
fda5a47069 fix(variables1): Correct wrong word in comment 2019-11-12 17:33:25 +01:00
marisa
57a837bde6 Merge pull request #236 from jrvidal/master 
fix(primitive_types4): update outdated comment
 2019-11-12 13:00:28 +01:00
Roberto Vidal
ded2c034ba fix(primitive_types4): update outdated comment 2019-11-12 12:52:28 +01:00
marisa
eac07df96c 2.0.0 2019-11-12 12:24:30 +01:00
bors
8c1376df07 Auto merge of #235 - rust-lang:fmoko-patch-1, r=fmoko 
fix(default): Clarify the installation procedure
 2019-11-12 11:13:06 +00:00
bors
45d68d9b39 Auto merge of #232 - rust-lang:update-docs, r=fmoko 
chore: Update docs for 2.0

Only merge this once we're ready to release 2.0.
 2019-11-12 11:07:56 +00:00
marisa
c371b853af fix(default): Clarify the installation procedure 2019-11-12 11:53:58 +01:00
bors
bc32a63c69 Auto merge of #234 - jrvidal:no-prompt-on-run, r=fmoko 
fix(run): makes `run` never prompt

`watch` and `verify` do prompt the user to actively move to the
next exercise. This change fixes `run` to never prompt. Previously
it was inconsistent between "test" and "compile" exercises.

BREAKING CHANGE: we again change the behavior of the `run` command
 2019-11-12 10:50:19 +00:00
Roberto Vidal
4b26546589 fix(run): makes run never prompt 
`watch` and `verify` do prompt the user to actively move to the
next exercise. This change fixes `run` to never prompt. Previously
it was inconsistent between "test" and "compile" exercises.

BREAKING CHANGE: we again change the behavior of the `run` command
 2019-11-12 11:35:40 +01:00
bors
bc56788fe6 Auto merge of #233 - jrvidal:rustc-check, r=fmoko 
feat(cli): check for rustc before doing anything

Addresses #190. From the backtraces shown there, it seems like we're not able to launch `rustc` (which is odd, given that they probably compiled and installed `rustlings` 🤷‍♀️)
 2019-11-11 18:19:07 +00:00
marisa
b4d41c1b7a chore: Update docs for 2.0 2019-11-11 18:02:56 +01:00
Roberto Vidal
36a033b87a feat(cli): check for rustc before doing anything 
Addresses #190.
 2019-11-11 18:00:54 +01:00
bors
9544ba1029 Auto merge of #231 - rust-lang:refactor-hints, r=jrvidal 
Refactor hints

Breaking change. This removes hints from the end of files, and puts them into `info.toml`. You can now access hints using:

```
rustlings hint <exerciseName>
```

ALSO this changes the exercise system to index by name for `run` and `hint`, so:

```
rustlings run exercises/if/if1.rs
```

becomes

```
rustlings run if1
```
 2019-11-11 16:51:12 +00:00
marisa
1a7bb5a400 Address feedback 2019-11-11 17:47:45 +01:00
marisa
48c35bcfbc fix tests 2019-11-11 17:28:19 +01:00
marisa
ec2d4bd3ee Merge branch 'master' into refactor-hints 2019-11-11 17:21:06 +01:00
marisa
ce9fa6ebbf feat(hint): Add test for hint 2019-11-11 17:19:50 +01:00
marisa
9a9007abae chore: Add .editorconfig file 2019-11-11 17:12:11 +01:00
bors
88ec6f6b16 Auto merge of #230 - jrvidal:master, r=fmoko 
Changes the execution mode for `watch`, asking for user input

We've [observed](https://hackmd.io/-cK6aPhnTwiCiI7u6k0xug?both) that learners can get confused when they do get everything right, but they _still_ get errors... which come from the next exercise, no the one they just edited.

This PR changes it so they have to confirm they want to move forward by removing the `I AM NOT DONE` comment.

![Screenshot at 2019-11-11 15:13:39](https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/1636604/68593566-0abd3900-0496-11ea-9e9d-6c43b91bf21d.png)

* [ ] The particular string is of course subject to bikeshed.

### Alternatives/doubts
* The coolest solution I could imagine would involve a proc-macro attribute `#![ready(false)]` that they could edit once they're done, but it's a bit complicated to set up.
* For now I've put `I AM NOT DONE` everywhere, I think it's what make more sense.
 2019-11-11 15:59:35 +00:00
marisa
795b6e3480 fix(info): Fix trailing newlines for hints 2019-11-11 16:56:39 +01:00
marisa
9bdb0a12e4 feat: Refactor hint system 
Hints are now accessible using the CLI subcommand `rustlings hint
<exercise name`.

BREAKING CHANGE: This fundamentally changes the way people interact with exercises.
 2019-11-11 16:51:38 +01:00
Roberto Vidal
2cdd61294f feat: improve watch execution mode 
The `watch` command now requires user action to move to the next
exercise.

BREAKING CHANGE: this changes the behavior of `watch`.
 2019-11-11 16:23:35 +01:00
marisa
627cdc07d0 feat: Index exercises by name 
BREAKING CHANGE: This changes the way you use `rustlings run` by now
requiring an abridged form of the previous filename, e.g:

`rustlings run exercises/if/if1.rs` becomes
`rustlings run if1`
 2019-11-11 15:46:32 +01:00
97 changed files with 2122 additions and 1945 deletions
Expand all files Collapse all files

7
.editorconfig Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
root = true
[*.rs]
end_of_line = lf
insert_final_newfile = true
indent_style = space
indent_size = 4

3
.gitignore vendored
View File

@@ -2,3 +2,6 @@
target/
**/*.rs.bk
.DS_Store
*.pdb
exercises/clippy/Cargo.toml
exercises/clippy/Cargo.lock

11
.travis.yml
View File

@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
language: rust
rust:
- stable
- beta
- nightly
script: cargo test --verbose
matrix:
allow_failures:
- rust: nightly
fast_finish: true
cache: cargo

103
CHANGELOG.md
View File

@@ -1,3 +1,106 @@
<a name="3.0.0"></a>
## 3.0.0 (2020-04-11)
#### Breaking Changes
* make "compile" exercises print output (#278) ([3b6d5c](https://github.com/fmoko/rustlings/commit/3b6d5c3aaa27a242a832799eb66e96897d26fde3))
#### Bug Fixes
* **primitive_types:** revert primitive_types4 (#296) ([b3a3351e](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/b3a3351e8e6a0bdee07077d7b0382953821649ae))
* **run:** compile clippy exercise files (#295) ([3ab084a4](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/3ab084a421c0f140ae83bf1fc3f47b39342e7373))
* **conversions:**
* add additional test to meet exercise rules (#284) ([bc22ec3](https://github.com/fmoko/rustlings/commit/bc22ec382f843347333ef1301fc1bad773657f38))
* remove duplicate not done comment (#292) ([dab90f](https://github.com/fmoko/rustlings/commit/dab90f7b91a6000fe874e3d664f244048e5fa342))
* don't hardcode documentation version for traits (#288) ([30e6af](https://github.com/fmoko/rustlings/commit/30e6af60690c326fb5d3a9b7335f35c69c09137d))
#### Features
* add Option2 exercise (#290) ([86b5c08b](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/86b5c08b9bea1576127a7c5f599f5752072c087d))
* add excercise for option (#282) ([135e5d47](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/135e5d47a7c395aece6f6022117fb20c82f2d3d4))
* add new exercises for generics (#280) ([76be5e4e](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/76be5e4e991160f5fd9093f03ee2ba260e8f7229))
* **ci:** add buildkite config ([b049fa2c](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/b049fa2c84dba0f0c8906ac44e28fd45fba51a71))
<a name="2.2.1"></a>
### 2.2.1 (2020-02-27)
#### Bug Fixes
* Re-add cloning the repo to install scripts ([3d9b03c5](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/3d9b03c52b8dc51b140757f6fd25ad87b5782ef5))
#### Features
* Add clippy lints (#269) ([1e2fd9c9](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/1e2fd9c92f8cd6e389525ca1a999fca4c90b5921))
<a name="2.2.0"></a>
## 2.2.0 (2020-02-25)
#### Bug Fixes
* Update deps to version compatable with aarch64-pc-windows (#263) ([19a93428](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/19a93428b3c73d994292671f829bdc8e5b7b3401))
* **docs:**
* Added a necessary step to Windows installation process (#242) ([3906efcd](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/3906efcd52a004047b460ed548037093de3f523f))
* Fixed mangled sentence from book; edited for clarity (#266) ([ade52ff](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/ade52ffb739987287ddd5705944c8777705faed9))
* Updated iterators readme to account for iterators4 exercise (#273) ([bec8e3a](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/bec8e3a644cbd88db1c73ea5f1d8a364f4a34016))
* **installation:** make fatal errors more obvious (#272) ([17d0951e](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/17d0951e66fda8e11b204d5c4c41a0d5e22e78f7))
* **iterators2:**
* Remove reference to missing iterators2.rs (#245) ([419f7797](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/419f7797f294e4ce6a2b883199731b5bde77d262))
* **as_ref_mut:** Enable a test and improve per clippy's suggestion (#256) ([dfdf809](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/dfdf8093ebbd4145864995627b812780de52f902))
* **tests1:**
* Change test command ([fe10e06c](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/fe10e06c3733ddb4a21e90d09bf79bfe618e97ce)
* Correct test command in tests1.rs comment (#263) ([39fa7ae](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/39fa7ae8b70ad468da49b06f11b2383135a63bcf))
#### Features
* Add variables5.rs exercise (#264) ([0c73609e](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/0c73609e6f2311295e95d6f96f8c747cfc4cba03))
* Show a completion message when watching (#253) ([d25ee55a](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/d25ee55a3205882d35782e370af855051b39c58c))
* Add type conversion and parsing exercises (#249) ([0c85dc11](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/0c85dc1193978b5165491b99cc4922caf8d14a65))
* Created consistent money unit (#258) ([fd57f8f](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/fd57f8f2c1da2af8ddbebbccec214e6f40f4dbab))
* Enable test for exercise test4 (#276) ([8b971ff](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/8b971ffab6079a706ac925f5917f987932b55c07))
* Added traits exercises (#274 but specifically #216, which originally added
this :heart:) ([b559cdd](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/b559cdd73f32c0d0cfc1feda39f82b3e3583df17))
<a name="2.1.0"></a>
## 2.1.0 (2019-11-27)
#### Bug Fixes
* add line numbers in several exercises and hints ([b565c4d3](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/b565c4d3e74e8e110bef201a082fa1302722a7c3))
* **arc1:** Fix some words in the comment ([c42c3b21](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/c42c3b2101df9164c8cd7bb344def921e5ba3e61))
* **enums:** Add link to chapter on pattern syntax (#242) ([615ce327](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/615ce3279800c56d89f19d218ccb7ef576624feb))
* **primitive_types4:**
* update outdated hint ([4c5189df](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/4c5189df2bdd9a231f6b2611919ba5aa14da0d3f))
* update outdated comment ([ded2c034](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/ded2c034ba93fa1e3c2c2ea16b83abc1a57265e8))
* **strings2:** update line number in hint ([a09f684f](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/a09f684f05c58d239a6fc59ec5f81c2533e8b820))
* **variables1:** Correct wrong word in comment ([fda5a470](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/fda5a47069e0954f16a04e8e50945e03becb71a5))
#### Features
* **watch:** show hint while watching ([8143d57b](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/8143d57b4e88c51341dd4a18a14c536042cc009c))
<a name="2.0.0"></a>
## 2.0.0 (2019-11-12)
#### Bug Fixes
* **default:** Clarify the installation procedure ([c371b853](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/c371b853afa08947ddeebec0edd074b171eeaae0))
* **info:** Fix trailing newlines for hints ([795b6e34](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/795b6e348094a898e9227a14f6232f7bb94c8d31))
* **run:** make `run` never prompt ([4b265465](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/4b26546589f7d2b50455429482cf1f386ceae8b3))
#### Breaking Changes
* Refactor hint system ([9bdb0a12](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/9bdb0a12e45a8e9f9f6a4bd4a9c172c5376c7f60))
* improve `watch` execution mode ([2cdd6129](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/2cdd61294f0d9a53775ee24ad76435bec8a21e60))
* Index exercises by name ([627cdc07](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/627cdc07d07dfe6a740e885e0ddf6900e7ec336b))
* **run:** makes `run` never prompt ([4b265465](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/4b26546589f7d2b50455429482cf1f386ceae8b3))
#### Features
* **cli:** check for rustc before doing anything ([36a033b8](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/36a033b87a6549c1e5639c908bf7381c84f4f425))
* **hint:** Add test for hint ([ce9fa6eb](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/commit/ce9fa6ebbfdc3e7585d488d9409797285708316f))
<a name="1.5.1"></a>
### 1.5.1 (2019-11-11)

5
CONTRIBUTING.md
View File

@@ -35,8 +35,11 @@ You want to make sure where in the file you add your exercise. If you're not sur
```diff
...
+ [[exercises]]
+ name = "yourTopicN"
+ path = "exercises/yourTopic/yourTopicN.rs"
+ mode = "compile"
+ hint = """
+ Some kind of useful hint for your exercise."""
...
```
@@ -125,4 +128,4 @@ BREAKING CHANGE: This has to be done because lorem ipsum dolor
Once you open a Pull Request, it may be reviewed or labeled (or both) until
the maintainers accept your change. Then, [bors](https://github.com/bors) will
run the test suite with your changes and if it's successful, automatically
merge it in!
merge it in!

189
Cargo.lock generated
View File

@@ -1,13 +1,5 @@
# This file is automatically @generated by Cargo.
# It is not intended for manual editing.
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[[package]]
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[[package]]
@@ -42,7 +34,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
dependencies = [
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"winapi 0.3.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
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[[package]]
@@ -74,17 +66,6 @@ dependencies = [
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[[package]]
name = "clicolors-control"
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"winapi 0.3.7 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
"winapi 0.3.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
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[[package]]
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"lazy_static 1.3.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
"libc 0.2.58 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
"parking_lot 0.8.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
"regex 1.1.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
"termios 0.3.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
"unicode-width 0.1.5 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
"winapi 0.3.7 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
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[[package]]
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version = "0.7.5"
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source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
dependencies = [
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@@ -134,7 +99,22 @@ dependencies = [
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"termios 0.3.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
"unicode-width 0.1.5 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
"winapi 0.3.7 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
"winapi 0.3.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
]
[[package]]
name = "console"
version = "0.8.0"
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
dependencies = [
"clicolors-control 1.0.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
"encode_unicode 0.3.5 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
"lazy_static 1.3.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
"libc 0.2.58 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
"regex 1.1.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
"termios 0.3.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
"unicode-width 0.1.5 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
"winapi 0.3.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
]
[[package]]
@@ -168,6 +148,14 @@ dependencies = [
"redox_syscall 0.1.54 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
]
[[package]]
name = "float-cmp"
version = "0.4.0"
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
dependencies = [
"num-traits 0.2.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
]
[[package]]
name = "fsevent"
version = "0.4.0"
@@ -204,20 +192,26 @@ name = "fuchsia-zircon-sys"
version = "0.3.3"
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
[[package]]
name = "glob"
version = "0.3.0"
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
[[package]]
name = "indicatif"
version = "0.9.0"
version = "0.10.3"
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
dependencies = [
"console 0.7.5 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
"lazy_static 0.2.11 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
"console 0.8.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
"lazy_static 1.3.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
"number_prefix 0.2.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
"parking_lot 0.8.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
"regex 0.2.11 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
"regex 1.1.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
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[[package]]
name = "inotify"
version = "0.6.1"
version = "0.7.0"
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
dependencies = [
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@@ -256,11 +250,6 @@ dependencies = [
"winapi-build 0.1.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
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[[package]]
name = "lazy_static"
version = "0.2.11"
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
[[package]]
name = "lazy_static"
version = "1.3.0"
@@ -343,25 +332,45 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
dependencies = [
"cfg-if 0.1.9 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
"libc 0.2.58 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
"winapi 0.3.7 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
"winapi 0.3.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
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[[package]]
name = "normalize-line-endings"
version = "0.2.2"
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
[[package]]
name = "notify"
version = "4.0.12"
version = "4.0.15"
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
dependencies = [
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[[package]]
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dependencies = [
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[[package]]
@@ -391,7 +400,7 @@ dependencies = [
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[[package]]
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source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
dependencies = [
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[[package]]
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[[package]]
@@ -496,7 +508,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
dependencies = [
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[[package]]
@@ -509,7 +521,7 @@ dependencies = [
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"winapi 0.3.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
]
[[package]]
@@ -550,18 +562,6 @@ dependencies = [
"redox_syscall 0.1.54 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
]
[[package]]
name = "regex"
version = "0.2.11"
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
dependencies = [
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"utf8-ranges 1.0.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
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[[package]]
name = "regex"
version = "1.1.6"
@@ -574,14 +574,6 @@ dependencies = [
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]
[[package]]
name = "regex-syntax"
version = "0.5.6"
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
dependencies = [
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]
[[package]]
name = "regex-syntax"
version = "0.6.6"
@@ -600,13 +592,16 @@ dependencies = [
[[package]]
name = "rustlings"
version = "1.5.1"
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dependencies = [
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"indicatif 0.10.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
"notify 4.0.15 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
"predicates 1.0.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
"regex 1.1.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
"serde 1.0.92 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
"toml 0.4.10 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
]
@@ -774,7 +769,7 @@ version = "2.2.7"
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
dependencies = [
"same-file 1.0.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
"winapi 0.3.7 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
"winapi 0.3.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
"winapi-util 0.1.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
]
@@ -785,7 +780,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
[[package]]
name = "winapi"
version = "0.3.7"
version = "0.3.8"
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
dependencies = [
"winapi-i686-pc-windows-gnu 0.4.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
@@ -807,7 +802,7 @@ name = "winapi-util"
version = "0.1.2"
source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
dependencies = [
"winapi 0.3.7 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
"winapi 0.3.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)",
]
[[package]]
@@ -825,7 +820,6 @@ dependencies = [
]
[metadata]
"checksum aho-corasick 0.6.10 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "81ce3d38065e618af2d7b77e10c5ad9a069859b4be3c2250f674af3840d9c8a5"
"checksum aho-corasick 0.7.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "e6f484ae0c99fec2e858eb6134949117399f222608d84cadb3f58c1f97c2364c"
"checksum ansi_term 0.11.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "ee49baf6cb617b853aa8d93bf420db2383fab46d314482ca2803b40d5fde979b"
"checksum assert_cmd 0.11.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "2dc477793bd82ec39799b6f6b3df64938532fdf2ab0d49ef817eac65856a5a1e"
@@ -834,27 +828,27 @@ dependencies = [
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"checksum itoa 0.4.4 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "501266b7edd0174f8530248f87f99c88fbe60ca4ef3dd486835b8d8d53136f7f"
"checksum kernel32-sys 0.2.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "7507624b29483431c0ba2d82aece8ca6cdba9382bff4ddd0f7490560c056098d"
"checksum lazy_static 0.2.11 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "76f033c7ad61445c5b347c7382dd1237847eb1bce590fe50365dcb33d546be73"
"checksum lazy_static 1.3.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "bc5729f27f159ddd61f4df6228e827e86643d4d3e7c32183cb30a1c08f604a14"
"checksum lazycell 1.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "b294d6fa9ee409a054354afc4352b0b9ef7ca222c69b8812cbea9e7d2bf3783f"
"checksum libc 0.2.58 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "6281b86796ba5e4366000be6e9e18bf35580adf9e63fbe2294aadb587613a319"
@@ -865,7 +859,10 @@ dependencies = [
"checksum mio-extras 2.0.5 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "46e73a04c2fa6250b8d802134d56d554a9ec2922bf977777c805ea5def61ce40"
"checksum miow 0.2.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "8c1f2f3b1cf331de6896aabf6e9d55dca90356cc9960cca7eaaf408a355ae919"
"checksum net2 0.2.33 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "42550d9fb7b6684a6d404d9fa7250c2eb2646df731d1c06afc06dcee9e1bcf88"
"checksum notify 4.0.12 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "3572d71f13ea8ed41867accd971fd564aa75934cf7a1fae03ddb8c74a8a49943"
"checksum normalize-line-endings 0.2.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "2e0a1a39eab95caf4f5556da9289b9e68f0aafac901b2ce80daaf020d3b733a8"
"checksum notify 4.0.15 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "80ae4a7688d1fab81c5bf19c64fc8db920be8d519ce6336ed4e7efe024724dbd"
"checksum num-traits 0.2.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "6ba9a427cfca2be13aa6f6403b0b7e7368fe982bfa16fccc450ce74c46cd9b32"
"checksum number_prefix 0.2.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "dbf9993e59c894e3c08aa1c2712914e9e6bf1fcbfc6bef283e2183df345a4fee"
"checksum numtoa 0.1.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "b8f8bdf33df195859076e54ab11ee78a1b208382d3a26ec40d142ffc1ecc49ef"
"checksum parking_lot 0.8.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "fa7767817701cce701d5585b9c4db3cdd02086398322c1d7e8bf5094a96a2ce7"
"checksum parking_lot_core 0.5.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "cb88cb1cb3790baa6776844f968fea3be44956cf184fa1be5a03341f5491278c"
@@ -887,9 +884,7 @@ dependencies = [
"checksum rdrand 0.4.0 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "678054eb77286b51581ba43620cc911abf02758c91f93f479767aed0f90458b2"
"checksum redox_syscall 0.1.54 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "12229c14a0f65c4f1cb046a3b52047cdd9da1f4b30f8a39c5063c8bae515e252"
"checksum redox_termios 0.1.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "7e891cfe48e9100a70a3b6eb652fef28920c117d366339687bd5576160db0f76"
"checksum regex 0.2.11 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "9329abc99e39129fcceabd24cf5d85b4671ef7c29c50e972bc5afe32438ec384"
"checksum regex 1.1.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "8f0a0bcab2fd7d1d7c54fa9eae6f43eddeb9ce2e7352f8518a814a4f65d60c58"
"checksum regex-syntax 0.5.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "7d707a4fa2637f2dca2ef9fd02225ec7661fe01a53623c1e6515b6916511f7a7"
"checksum regex-syntax 0.6.6 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "dcfd8681eebe297b81d98498869d4aae052137651ad7b96822f09ceb690d0a96"
"checksum rustc_version 0.2.3 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "138e3e0acb6c9fb258b19b67cb8abd63c00679d2851805ea151465464fe9030a"
"checksum ryu 0.2.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "b96a9549dc8d48f2c283938303c4b5a77aa29bfbc5b54b084fb1630408899a8f"
@@ -917,7 +912,7 @@ dependencies = [
"checksum vec_map 0.8.1 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "05c78687fb1a80548ae3250346c3db86a80a7cdd77bda190189f2d0a0987c81a"
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"checksum winapi 0.3.7 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "f10e386af2b13e47c89e7236a7a14a086791a2b88ebad6df9bf42040195cf770"
"checksum winapi 0.3.8 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "8093091eeb260906a183e6ae1abdba2ef5ef2257a21801128899c3fc699229c6"
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"checksum winapi-util 0.1.2 (registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index)" = "7168bab6e1daee33b4557efd0e95d5ca70a03706d39fa5f3fe7a236f584b03c9"

13
Cargo.toml
View File

@@ -1,15 +1,16 @@
[package]
name = "rustlings"
version = "1.5.1"
authors = ["Marisa <mokou@posteo.de>", "Carol (Nichols || Goulding) <carol.nichols@gmail.com"]
version = "3.0.0"
authors = ["Marisa <mokou@posteo.de>", "Carol (Nichols || Goulding) <carol.nichols@gmail.com>"]
edition = "2018"
[dependencies]
clap = "2.32.0"
indicatif = "0.9.0"
console = "0.6.2"
notify = "4.0.0"
indicatif = "0.10.3"
console = "0.7.7"
notify = "4.0.15"
toml = "0.4.10"
regex = "1.1.6"
serde = {version = "1.0.10", features = ["derive"]}
[[bin]]
@@ -18,3 +19,5 @@ path = "src/main.rs"
[dev-dependencies]
assert_cmd = "0.11.0"
predicates = "1.0.1"
glob = "0.3.0"

21
README.md
View File

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
![crab pet](https://i.imgur.com/LbZJgmm.gif)
# rustlings 🦀❤️
# rustlings 🦀❤️ [![Build status](https://badge.buildkite.com/7af93d81dc522c67a1ec8e33ff5705861b1cb36360b774807f.svg)](https://buildkite.com/mokou/rustlings)
Greetings and welcome to `rustlings`. This project contains small exercises to get you used to reading and writing Rust code. This includes reading and responding to compiler messages!
@@ -33,7 +33,13 @@ This will install Rustlings and give you access to the `rustlings` command. Run
## Windows
You can run:
First, set `ExecutionPolicy` to `RemoteSigned`:
```ps
Set-ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned
```
Then, you can run:
```ps
Invoke-WebRequest https://git.io/rustlings-win | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Content | Out-File $env:TMP/install_rustlings.ps1; Unblock-File $env:TMP/install_rustlings.ps1; Invoke-Expression $env:TMP/install_rustlings.ps1
@@ -48,7 +54,7 @@ Basically: Clone the repository, checkout to the latest tag, run `cargo install`
```bash
git clone https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings
cd rustlings
git checkout tags/1.5.1 # or whatever the latest version is (find out at https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/releases/latest)
git checkout tags/3.0.0 # or whatever the latest version is (find out at https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/releases/latest)
cargo install --force --path .
```
@@ -80,10 +86,15 @@ This will do the same as watch, but it'll quit after running.
In case you want to go by your own order, or want to only verify a single exercise, you can run:
```bash
rustlings run exercises/path/to/exercise.rs
rustlings run myExercise1
```
In case you get stuck, there is usually a hint at the bottom of each exercise.
In case you get stuck, you can run the following command to get a hint for your
exercise:
``` bash
rustlings hint myExercise1
```
## Testing yourself

5
buildkite.yml Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
steps:
- label: "Test with stable"
command: rustup run stable cargo test
- label: "Test with beta"
command: rustup run beta cargo test

5
default_out.txt
View File

@@ -7,7 +7,8 @@ Let's make sure you're up to speed:
- You have `~/.cargo/bin` added to your PATH variable
- You have cloned this repository (https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings)
- You have installed Rust language support for your editor
- You have locally installed the `rustlings` command by running:
- You have locally installed the `rustlings` command by running an
installation script or manually executing:
cargo install --force --path .
@@ -15,4 +16,4 @@ If you've done all of this (or even most of it), congrats! You're ready
to start working with Rust.
To get started, run `rustlings watch` in order to get the first exercise.
Make sure to have your editor open!
Make sure to have your editor open!

8
exercises/clippy/README.md Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
### Clippy
The Clippy tool is a collection of lints to analyze your code so you can catch common mistakes and improve your Rust code.
If you used the installation script for Rustlings, Clippy should be already installed.
If not you can install it manually via `rustup component add clippy`.
For more information about Clippy lints, please see [their documentation page](https://rust-lang.github.io/rust-clippy/master/).

15
exercises/clippy/clippy1.rs Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
// clippy1.rs
// The Clippy tool is a collection of lints to analyze your code
// so you can catch common mistakes and improve your Rust code.
//
// Execute `rustlings hint clippy1` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
let x = 1.2331f64;
let y = 1.2332f64;
if y != x {
println!("Success!");
}
}

13
exercises/clippy/clippy2.rs Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
// clippy2.rs
// Make me compile! Execute `rustlings hint clippy2` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
let mut res = 42;
let option = Some(12);
for x in option {
res += x;
}
println!("{}", res);
}

20
exercises/conversions/README.md Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
### Type conversions
Rust offers a multitude of ways to convert a value of a given type into another type.
The simplest form of type conversion is a type cast expression. It is denoted with the binary operator `as`. For instance, `println!("{}", 1 + 1.0);` would not compile, since `1` is an integer while `1.0` is a float. However, `println!("{}", 1 as f32 + 1.0)` should compile. The exercise [`using_as`](using_as.rs) tries to cover this.
Rust also offers traits that facilitate type conversions upon implementation. These traits can be found under the [`convert`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/index.html) module.
The traits are the following:
- `From` and `Into` covered in [`from_into`](from_into.rs)
- `TryFrom` and `TryInto` covered in [`try_from_into`](try_from_into.rs)
- `AsRef` and `AsMut` covered in [`as_ref_mut`](as_ref_mut.rs)
Furthermore, the `std::str` module offers a trait called [`FromStr`](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/str/trait.FromStr.html) which helps with converting strings into target types via the `parse` method on strings. If properly implemented for a given type `Person`, then `let p: Person = "Mark,20".parse().unwrap()` should both compile and run without panicking.
These should be the main ways ***within the standard library*** to convert data into your desired types.
#### Book Sections
These are not directly covered in the book, but the standard library has great documentation for [conversions here](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/index.html). The `FromStr` trait is also covered [here](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/str/trait.FromStr.html).

39
exercises/conversions/as_ref_mut.rs Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
// AsRef and AsMut allow for cheap reference-to-reference conversions.
// Read more about them at https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.AsRef.html
// and https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.AsMut.html, respectively.
// I AM NOT DONE
// Obtain the number of bytes (not characters) in the given argument
// Add the AsRef trait appropriately as a trait bound
fn byte_counter<T>(arg: T) -> usize {
arg.as_ref().as_bytes().len()
}
// Obtain the number of characters (not bytes) in the given argument
// Add the AsRef trait appropriately as a trait bound
fn char_counter<T>(arg: T) -> usize {
arg.as_ref().chars().count()
}
fn main() {
let s = "Café au lait";
println!("{}", char_counter(s));
println!("{}", byte_counter(s));
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
#[test]
fn different_counts() {
let s = "Café au lait";
assert_ne!(char_counter(s), byte_counter(s));
}
#[test]
fn same_counts() {
let s = "Cafe au lait";
assert_eq!(char_counter(s), byte_counter(s));
}
}

80
exercises/conversions/from_into.rs Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
// The From trait is used for value-to-value conversions.
// If From is implemented correctly for a type, the Into trait should work conversely.
// You can read more about it at https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.From.html
#[derive(Debug)]
struct Person {
name: String,
age: usize,
}
// We implement the Default trait to use it as a fallback
// when the provided string is not convertible into a Person object
impl Default for Person {
fn default() -> Person {
Person {
name: String::from("John"),
age: 30,
}
}
}
// I AM NOT DONE
// Your task is to complete this implementation
// in order for the line `let p = Person::from("Mark,20")` to compile
// Please note that you'll need to parse the age component into a `usize`
// with something like `"4".parse::<usize>()`. The outcome of this needs to
// be handled appropriately.
//
// Steps:
// 1. If the length of the provided string is 0, then return the default of Person
// 2. Split the given string on the commas present in it
// 3. Extract the first element from the split operation and use it as the name
// 4. Extract the other element from the split operation and parse it into a `usize` as the age
// If while parsing the age, something goes wrong, then return the default of Person
// Otherwise, then return an instantiated Person onject with the results
impl From<&str> for Person {
fn from(s: &str) -> Person {
}
}
fn main() {
// Use the `from` function
let p1 = Person::from("Mark,20");
// Since From is implemented for Person, we should be able to use Into
let p2: Person = "Gerald,70".into();
println!("{:?}", p1);
println!("{:?}", p2);
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
#[test]
fn test_default() {
// Test that the default person is 30 year old John
let dp = Person::default();
assert_eq!(dp.name, "John");
assert_eq!(dp.age, 30);
}
#[test]
fn test_bad_convert() {
// Test that John is returned when bad string is provided
let p = Person::from("");
assert_eq!(p.name, "John");
assert_eq!(p.age, 30);
}
#[test]
fn test_good_convert() {
// Test that "Mark,20" works
let p = Person::from("Mark,20");
assert_eq!(p.name, "Mark");
assert_eq!(p.age, 20);
}
#[test]
fn test_bad_age() {
// Test that "Mark.twenty" will return the default person due to an error in parsing age
let p = Person::from("Mark,twenty");
assert_eq!(p.name, "John");
assert_eq!(p.age, 30);
}
}

49
exercises/conversions/from_str.rs Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
// This does practically the same thing that TryFrom<&str> does.
// Additionally, upon implementing FromStr, you can use the `parse` method
// on strings to generate an object of the implementor type.
// You can read more about it at https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/str/trait.FromStr.html
use std::str::FromStr;
#[derive(Debug)]
struct Person {
name: String,
age: usize,
}
// I AM NOT DONE
// Steps:
// 1. If the length of the provided string is 0, then return an error
// 2. Split the given string on the commas present in it
// 3. Extract the first element from the split operation and use it as the name
// 4. Extract the other element from the split operation and parse it into a `usize` as the age
// If while parsing the age, something goes wrong, then return an error
// Otherwise, then return a Result of a Person object
impl FromStr for Person {
type Err = String;
fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Person, Self::Err> {
}
}
fn main() {
let p = "Mark,20".parse::<Person>().unwrap();
println!("{:?}", p);
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
#[test]
fn empty_input() {
assert!("".parse::<Person>().is_err());
}
#[test]
fn good_input() {
assert!("John,32".parse::<Person>().is_ok());
}
#[test]
#[should_panic]
fn missing_age() {
"John".parse::<Person>().unwrap();
}
}

71
exercises/conversions/try_from_into.rs Normal file
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@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
// TryFrom is a simple and safe type conversion that may fail in a controlled way under some circumstances.
// Basically, this is the same as From. The main difference is that this should return a Result type
// instead of the target type itself.
// You can read more about it at https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.TryFrom.html
use std::convert::{TryInto, TryFrom};
#[derive(Debug)]
struct Person {
name: String,
age: usize,
}
// I AM NOT DONE
// Your task is to complete this implementation
// in order for the line `let p = Person::try_from("Mark,20")` to compile
// and return an Ok result of inner type Person.
// Please note that you'll need to parse the age component into a `usize`
// with something like `"4".parse::<usize>()`. The outcome of this needs to
// be handled appropriately.
//
// Steps:
// 1. If the length of the provided string is 0, then return an error
// 2. Split the given string on the commas present in it
// 3. Extract the first element from the split operation and use it as the name
// 4. Extract the other element from the split operation and parse it into a `usize` as the age
// If while parsing the age, something goes wrong, then return an error
// Otherwise, then return a Result of a Person object
impl TryFrom<&str> for Person {
type Error = String;
fn try_from(s: &str) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
}
}
fn main() {
// Use the `from` function
let p1 = Person::try_from("Mark,20");
// Since From is implemented for Person, we should be able to use Into
let p2: Result<Person, _> = "Gerald,70".try_into();
println!("{:?}", p1);
println!("{:?}", p2);
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
#[test]
fn test_bad_convert() {
// Test that John is returned when bad string is provided
let p = Person::try_from("");
assert!(p.is_err());
}
#[test]
fn test_good_convert() {
// Test that "Mark,20" works
let p = Person::try_from("Mark,20");
assert!(p.is_ok());
let p = p.unwrap();
assert_eq!(p.name, "Mark");
assert_eq!(p.age, 20);
}
#[test]
#[should_panic]
fn test_panic_empty_input() {
let p: Person = "".try_into().unwrap();
}
#[test]
#[should_panic]
fn test_panic_bad_age() {
let p = Person::try_from("Mark,twenty").unwrap();
}
}

17
exercises/conversions/using_as.rs Normal file
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@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
// Type casting in Rust is done via the usage of the `as` operator.
// Please note that the `as` operator is not only used when type casting.
// It also helps with renaming imports.
// I AM NOT DONE
// The goal is to make sure that the division does not fail to compile
fn average(values: &[f64]) -> f64 {
let total = values
.iter()
.fold(0.0, |a, b| a + b);
total / values.len()
}
fn main() {
let values = [3.5, 0.3, 13.0, 11.7];
println!("{}", average(&values));
}

5
exercises/enums/README.md
View File

@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
### Enums
Rust allows you to define a type called `enums` which allow you to enumerate possible values. In combination with enums, we have the concept of `pattern matching` in Rust, which makes it easy to run different code for different values of an enumeration. Enums, while available in many languages, Rust's enums are most similar to `algebraic data types` in functional languages, such as F#, OCaml, and Haskell.
Rust allows you to define types called "enums" which enumerate possible values.
Enums are a feature in many languages, but their capabilities differ in each language. Rust’s enums are most similar to algebraic data types in functional languages, such as F#, OCaml, and Haskell.
Useful in combination with enums is Rust's "pattern matching" facility, which makes it easy to run different code for different values of an enumeration.
#### Book Sections
- [Enums](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch06-00-enums.html)
- [Pattern syntax](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch18-03-pattern-syntax.html)

32
exercises/enums/enums1.rs
View File

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
// enums1.rs
// Make me compile! Scroll down for hints!
// Make me compile! Execute `rustlings hint enums1` for hints!
// I AM NOT DONE
#[derive(Debug)]
enum Message {
@@ -12,31 +14,3 @@ fn main() {
println!("{:?}", Message::Move);
println!("{:?}", Message::ChangeColor);
}
// Hint: The declaration of the enumeration type has not been defined yet.

39
exercises/enums/enums2.rs
View File

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
// enums2.rs
// Make me compile! Scroll down for hints
// Make me compile! Execute `rustlings hint enums2` for hints!
// I AM NOT DONE
#[derive(Debug)]
enum Message {
@@ -24,38 +26,3 @@ fn main() {
message.call();
}
}
// Hint: you can create enumerations that have different variants with different types
// such as no data, anonymous structs, a single string, tuples, ...etc

2
exercises/enums/enums3.rs
View File

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
// enums3.rs
// Address all the TODOs to make the tests pass!
// I AM NOT DONE
enum Message {
// TODO: implement the message variant types based on their usage below
}

37
exercises/error_handling/errors1.rs
View File

@@ -4,7 +4,9 @@
// was, instead of just sometimes returning `None`. The 2nd test currently
// does not compile or pass, but it illustrates the behavior we would like
// this function to have.
// Scroll down for hints!!!
// Execute `rustlings hint errors1` for hints!
// I AM NOT DONE
pub fn generate_nametag_text(name: String) -> Option<String> {
if name.len() > 0 {
@@ -38,36 +40,3 @@ mod tests {
);
}
}
// `Err` is one of the variants of `Result`, so what the 2nd test is saying
// is that `generate_nametag_text` should return a `Result` instead of an
// `Option`.
// To make this change, you'll need to:
// - update the return type in the function signature to be a Result<String, String> that
// could be the variants `Ok(String)` and `Err(String)`
// - change the body of the function to return `Ok(stuff)` where it currently
// returns `Some(stuff)`
// - change the body of the function to return `Err(error message)` where it
// currently returns `None`
// - change the first test to expect `Ok(stuff)` where it currently expects
// `Some(stuff)`.

28
exercises/error_handling/errors2.rs
View File

@@ -14,7 +14,9 @@
// and add.
// There are at least two ways to implement this that are both correct-- but
// one is a lot shorter! Scroll down for hints to both ways.
// one is a lot shorter! Execute `rustlings hint errors2` for hints to both ways.
// I AM NOT DONE
use std::num::ParseIntError;
@@ -43,27 +45,3 @@ mod tests {
);
}
}
// One way to handle this is using a `match` statement on
// `item_quantity.parse::<i32>()` where the cases are `Ok(something)` and
// `Err(something)`. This pattern is very common in Rust, though, so there's
// a `?` operator that does pretty much what you would make that match statement
// do for you! Take a look at this section of the Error Handling chapter:
// https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch09-02-recoverable-errors-with-result.html#a-shortcut-for-propagating-errors-the--operator
// and give it a try!

24
exercises/error_handling/errors3.rs
View File

@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
// errors3.rs
// This is a program that is trying to use a completed version of the
// `total_cost` function from the previous exercise. It's not working though!
// Why not? What should we do to fix it? Scroll for hints!
// Why not? What should we do to fix it?
// Execute `rustlings hint errors3` for hints!
// I AM NOT DONE
use std::num::ParseIntError;
@@ -26,22 +29,3 @@ pub fn total_cost(item_quantity: &str) -> Result<i32, ParseIntError> {
Ok(qty * cost_per_item + processing_fee)
}
// If other functions can return a `Result`, why shouldn't `main`?

139
exercises/error_handling/errorsn.rs
View File

@@ -13,7 +13,9 @@
// type goes where the question marks are, and how do we return
// that type from the body of read_and_validate?
//
// Scroll down for hints :)
// Execute `rustlings hint errorsn` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
use std::error;
use std::fmt;
@@ -110,138 +112,3 @@ impl error::Error for CreationError {
}
}
}
// First hint: To figure out what type should go where the ??? is, take a look
// at the test helper function `test_with_str`, since it returns whatever
// `read_and_validate` returns and`test_with_str` has its signature fully
// specified.
// Next hint: There are three places in `read_and_validate` that we call a
// function that returns a `Result` (that is, the functions might fail).
// Apply the `?` operator on those calls so that we return immediately from
// `read_and_validate` if those function calls fail.
// Another hint: under the hood, the `?` operator calls `From::from`
// on the error value to convert it to a boxed trait object, a Box<dyn error::Error>,
// which is polymorphic-- that means that lots of different kinds of errors
// can be returned from the same function because all errors act the same
// since they all implement the `error::Error` trait.
// Check out this section of the book:
// https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch09-02-recoverable-errors-with-result.html#a-shortcut-for-propagating-errors-the--operator
// Another another hint: Note that because the `?` operator returns
// the *unwrapped* value in the `Ok` case, if we want to return a `Result` from
// `read_and_validate` for *its* success case, we'll have to rewrap a value
// that we got from the return value of a `?`ed call in an `Ok`-- this will
// look like `Ok(something)`.
// Another another another hint: `Result`s must be "used", that is, you'll
// get a warning if you don't handle a `Result` that you get in your
// function. Read more about that in the `std::result` module docs:
// https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/result/#results-must-be-used

32
exercises/error_handling/option1.rs
View File

@@ -2,7 +2,9 @@
// This example panics because the second time it calls `pop`, the `vec`
// is empty, so `pop` returns `None`, and `unwrap` panics if it's called
// on `None`. Handle this in a more graceful way than calling `unwrap`!
// Scroll down for hints :)
// Execute `rustlings hint option1` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
pub fn pop_too_much() -> bool {
let mut list = vec![3];
@@ -27,31 +29,3 @@ mod tests {
assert!(pop_too_much());
}
}
// Try using a `match` statement where the arms are `Some(thing)` and `None`.
// Or set a default value to print out if you get `None` by using the
// function `unwrap_or`.
// Or use an `if let` statement on the result of `pop()` to both destructure
// a `Some` value and only print out something if we have a value!

23
exercises/error_handling/result1.rs
View File

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
// result1.rs
// Make this test pass! Scroll down for hints :)
// Make this test pass! Execute `rustlings hint result1` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
#[derive(PartialEq, Debug)]
struct PositiveNonzeroInteger(u64);
@@ -25,22 +27,3 @@ fn test_creation() {
);
assert_eq!(Err(CreationError::Zero), PositiveNonzeroInteger::new(0));
}
// `PositiveNonzeroInteger::new` is always creating a new instance and returning an `Ok` result.
// It should be doing some checking, returning an `Err` result if those checks fail, and only
// returning an `Ok` result if those checks determine that everything is... okay :)

42
exercises/functions/functions1.rs
View File

@@ -1,44 +1,8 @@
// functions1.rs
// Make me compile! Scroll down for hints :)
// Make me compile! Execute `rustlings hint functions1` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
call_me();
}
// This main function is calling a function that it expects to exist, but the
// function doesn't exist. It expects this function to have the name `call_me`.
// It expects this function to not take any arguments and not return a value.
// Sounds a lot like `main`, doesn't it?

34
exercises/functions/functions2.rs
View File

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
// functions2.rs
// Make me compile! Scroll down for hints :)
// Make me compile! Execute `rustlings hint functions2` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
call_me(3);
@@ -10,33 +12,3 @@ fn call_me(num) {
println!("Ring! Call number {}", i + 1);
}
}
// Rust requires that all parts of a function's signature have type annotations,
// but `call_me` is missing the type annotation of `num`.

34
exercises/functions/functions3.rs
View File

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
// functions3.rs
// Make me compile! Scroll down for hints :)
// Make me compile! Execute `rustlings hint functions3` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
call_me();
@@ -10,33 +12,3 @@ fn call_me(num: i32) {
println!("Ring! Call number {}", i + 1);
}
}
// This time, the function *declaration* is okay, but there's something wrong
// with the place where we're calling the function.

28
exercises/functions/functions4.rs
View File

@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
// functions4.rs
// Make me compile! Scroll down for hints :)
// Make me compile! Execute `rustlings hint functions4` for hints :)
// This store is having a sale where if the price is an even number, you get
// 10 (money unit) off, but if it's an odd number, it's 3 (money unit) less.
// 10 Rustbucks off, but if it's an odd number, it's 3 Rustbucks off.
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
let original_price = 51;
@@ -20,25 +22,3 @@ fn sale_price(price: i32) -> {
fn is_even(num: i32) -> bool {
num % 2 == 0
}
// The error message points to line 12 and says it expects a type after the
// `->`. This is where the function's return type should be-- take a look at
// the `is_even` function for an example!

40
exercises/functions/functions5.rs
View File

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
// functions5.rs
// Make me compile! Scroll down for hints :)
// Make me compile! Execute `rustlings hint functions5` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
let answer = square(3);
@@ -9,39 +11,3 @@ fn main() {
fn square(num: i32) -> i32 {
num * num;
}
// This is a really common error that can be fixed by removing one character.
// It happens because Rust distinguishes between expressions and statements: expressions return
// a value based on its operand, and statements simply return a () type which behaves just like `void` in C/C++ language.
// We want to return a value of `i32` type from the `square` function, but it is returning a `()` type...
// They are not the same. There are two solutions:
// 1. Add a `return` ahead of `num * num;`
// 2. remove `;`, make it to be `num * num`

7
exercises/generics/README.md Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
### Generics
In this section you'll learn about saving yourself many lines of code with generics!
### Book Sections
- [Generic Data Types](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/book/ch10-01-syntax.html)

10
exercises/generics/generics1.rs Normal file
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@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
// This shopping list program isn't compiling!
// Use your knowledge of generics to fix it.
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
let mut shopping_list: Vec<?> = Vec::new();
shopping_list.push("milk");
}

30
exercises/generics/generics2.rs Normal file
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@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
// This powerful wrapper provides the ability to store a positive integer value.
// Rewrite it using generics so that it supports wrapping ANY type.
// I AM NOT DONE
struct Wrapper<u32> {
value: u32
}
impl<u32> Wrapper<u32> {
pub fn new(value: u32) -> Self {
Wrapper { value }
}
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
#[test]
fn store_u32_in_wrapper() {
assert_eq!(Wrapper::new(42).value, 42);
}
#[test]
fn store_str_in_wrapper() {
// TODO: Delete this assert and uncomment the one below once you have finished the exercise.
assert!(false);
// assert_eq!(Wrapper::new("Foo").value, "Foo");
}
}

46
exercises/generics/generics3.rs Normal file
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@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
// An imaginary magical school has a new report card generation system written in rust!
// Currently the system only supports creating report cards where the student's grade
// is represented numerically (e.g. 1.0 -> 5.5). However, the school also issues alphabetical grades
// (A+ -> F-) and needs to be able to print both types of report card!
// Make the necessary code changes to support alphabetical report cards, thereby making the second
// test pass.
// I AM NOT DONE
pub struct ReportCard {
pub grade: f32,
pub student_name: String,
pub student_age: u8,
}
impl ReportCard {
pub fn print(&self) -> String {
format!("{} ({}) - achieved a grade of {}", &self.student_name, &self.student_age, &self.grade)
}
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
#[test]
fn generate_numeric_report_card() {
let report_card = ReportCard {
grade: 2.1,
student_name: "Tom Wriggle".to_string(),
student_age: 12,
};
assert_eq!(report_card.print(), "Tom Wriggle (12) - achieved a grade of 2.1");
}
#[test]
fn generate_alphabetic_report_card() {
// TODO: Make sure to change the grade here after you finish the exercise.
let report_card = ReportCard {
grade: 2.1,
student_name: "Gary Plotter".to_string(),
student_age: 11,
};
assert_eq!(report_card.print(), "Gary Plotter (11) - achieved a grade of A+");
}
}

37
exercises/if/if1.rs
View File

@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
// if1.rs
// I AM NOT DONE
pub fn bigger(a: i32, b: i32) -> i32 {
// Complete this function to return the bigger number!
// Do not use:
// - another function call
// - additional variables
// Scroll down for hints.
// Execute `rustlings hint if1` for hints
}
// Don't mind this for now :)
@@ -23,36 +25,3 @@ mod tests {
assert_eq!(42, bigger(32, 42));
}
}
// It's possible to do this in one line if you would like!
// Some similar examples from other languages:
// - In C(++) this would be: `a > b ? a : b`
// - In Python this would be: `a if a > b else b`
// Remember in Rust that:
// - the `if` condition does not need to be surrounded by parentheses
// - `if`/`else` conditionals are expressions
// - Each condition is followed by a `{}` block.

56
exercises/macros/macros1.rs
View File

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
// macros1.rs
// Make me compile! Scroll down for hints :)
// Make me compile! Execute `rustlings hint macros1` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
macro_rules! my_macro {
() => {
@@ -10,55 +12,3 @@ macro_rules! my_macro {
fn main() {
my_macro();
}
// When you call a macro, you need to add something special compared to a
// regular function call. If you're stuck, take a look at what's inside
// `my_macro`.

65
exercises/macros/macros2.rs
View File

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
// macros2.rs
// Make me compile! Scroll down for hints :)
// Make me compile! Execute `rustlings hint macros2` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
my_macro!();
@@ -10,64 +12,3 @@ macro_rules! my_macro {
println!("Check out my macro!");
};
}
// Macros don't quite play by the same rules as the rest of Rust, in terms of
// what's available where.
// Unlike other things in Rust, the order of "where you define a macro" versus
// "where you use it" actually matters.

66
exercises/macros/macros3.rs
View File

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
// macros3.rs
// Make me compile, without taking the macro out of the module! Scroll down for hints :)
// Make me compile, without taking the macro out of the module!
// Execute `rustlings hint macros3` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
mod macros {
macro_rules! my_macro {
@@ -12,64 +15,3 @@ mod macros {
fn main() {
my_macro!();
}
// In order to use a macro outside of its module, you need to do something
// special to the module to lift the macro out into its parent.
// The same trick also works on "extern crate" statements for crates that have
// exported macros, if you've seen any of those around.

65
exercises/macros/macros4.rs
View File

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
// macros4.rs
// Make me compile! Scroll down for hints :)
// Make me compile! Execute `rustlings hint macros4` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
macro_rules! my_macro {
() => {
@@ -14,64 +16,3 @@ fn main() {
my_macro!();
my_macro!(7777);
}
// You only need to add a single character to make this compile.
// The way macros are written, it wants to see something between each
// "macro arm", so it can separate them.

35
exercises/modules/modules1.rs
View File

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
// modules1.rs
// Make me compile! Scroll down for hints :)
// Make me compile! Execute `rustlings hint modules1` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
mod sausage_factory {
fn make_sausage() {
@@ -10,34 +12,3 @@ mod sausage_factory {
fn main() {
sausage_factory::make_sausage();
}
// Everything is private in Rust by default-- but there's a keyword we can use
// to make something public! The compiler error should point to the thing that
// needs to be public.

26
exercises/modules/modules2.rs
View File

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
// modules2.rs
// Make me compile! Scroll down for hints :)
// Make me compile! Execute `rustlings hint modules2` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
mod delicious_snacks {
use self::fruits::PEAR as fruit;
@@ -23,25 +25,3 @@ fn main() {
delicious_snacks::veggie
);
}
// The delicious_snacks module is trying to present an external
// interface (the `fruit` and `veggie` constants) that is different than
// its internal structure (the `fruits` and `veggies` modules and
// associated constants). It's almost there except for one keyword missing for
// each constant.

22
exercises/move_semantics/move_semantics1.rs
View File

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
// move_semantics1.rs
// Make me compile! Scroll down for hints :)
// Make me compile! Execute `rustlings hint move_semantics1` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
let vec0 = Vec::new();
@@ -22,21 +24,3 @@ fn fill_vec(vec: Vec<i32>) -> Vec<i32> {
vec
}
// So you've got the "cannot borrow immutable local variable `vec1` as mutable" error on line 11,
// right? The fix for this is going to be adding one keyword, and the addition is NOT on line 11
// where the error is.

33
exercises/move_semantics/move_semantics2.rs
View File

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
// move_semantics2.rs
// Make me compile without changing line 10! Scroll down for hints :)
// Make me compile without changing line 13!
// Execute `rustlings hint move_semantics2` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
let vec0 = Vec::new();
@@ -23,31 +26,3 @@ fn fill_vec(vec: Vec<i32>) -> Vec<i32> {
vec
}
// So `vec0` is being *moved* into the function `fill_vec` when we call it on
// line 7, which means it gets dropped at the end of `fill_vec`, which means we
// can't use `vec0` again on line 10 (or anywhere else in `main` after the
// `fill_vec` call for that matter). We could fix this in a few ways, try them
// all!
// 1. Make another, separate version of the data that's in `vec0` and pass that
// to `fill_vec` instead.
// 2. Make `fill_vec` borrow its argument instead of taking ownership of it,
// and then copy the data within the function in order to return an owned
// `Vec<i32>`
// 3. Make `fill_vec` *mutably* borrow its argument (which will need to be
// mutable), modify it directly, then not return anything. Then you can get rid
// of `vec1` entirely -- note that this will change what gets printed by the
// first `println!`

25
exercises/move_semantics/move_semantics3.rs
View File

@@ -1,7 +1,9 @@
// move_semantics3.rs
// Make me compile without adding new lines-- just changing existing lines!
// (no lines with multiple semicolons necessary!)
// Scroll down for hints :)
// Execute `rustlings hint move_semantics3` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
let vec0 = Vec::new();
@@ -22,24 +24,3 @@ fn fill_vec(vec: Vec<i32>) -> Vec<i32> {
vec
}
// The difference between this one and the previous ones is that the first line
// of `fn fill_vec` that had `let mut vec = vec;` is no longer there. You can,
// instead of adding that line back, add `mut` in one place that will change
// an existing binding to be a mutable binding instead of an immutable one :)

26
exercises/move_semantics/move_semantics4.rs
View File

@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
// move_semantics4.rs
// Refactor this code so that instead of having `vec0` and creating the vector
// in `fn main`, we instead create it within `fn fill_vec` and transfer the
// freshly created vector from fill_vec to its caller. Scroll for hints!
// freshly created vector from fill_vec to its caller.
// Execute `rustlings hint move_semantics4` for hints!
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
let vec0 = Vec::new();
@@ -25,24 +28,3 @@ fn fill_vec() -> Vec<i32> {
vec
}
// Stop reading whenever you feel like you have enough direction :) Or try
// doing one step and then fixing the compiler errors that result!
// So the end goal is to:
// - get rid of the first line in main that creates the new vector
// - so then `vec0` doesn't exist, so we can't pass it to `fill_vec`
// - we don't want to pass anything to `fill_vec`, so its signature should
// reflect that it does not take any arguments
// - since we're not creating a new vec in `main` anymore, we need to create
// a new vec in `fill_vec`, similarly to the way we did in `main`

9
exercises/option/README.md Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
### Option
#### Book Sections
To learn about Option<T>, check out these links:
- [Option Enum Format](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/book/ch10-01-syntax.html#in-enum-definitions)
- [Option Module Documentation](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/option/)
- [Option Enum Documentation](https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/option/enum.Option.html)

23
exercises/option/option1.rs Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
// option1.rs
// Make me compile! Execute `rustlings hint option1` for hints
// I AM NOT DONE
// you can modify anything EXCEPT for this function's sig
fn print_number(maybe_number: Option<u16>) {
println!("printing: {}", maybe_number.unwrap());
}
fn main() {
print_number(13);
print_number(99);
let mut numbers: [Option<u16>; 5];
for iter in 0..5 {
let number_to_add: u16 = {
((iter * 5) + 2) / (4 * 16)
};
numbers[iter] = number_to_add;
}
}

25
exercises/option/option2.rs Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
// option2.rs
// Make me compile! Execute `rustlings hint option2` for hints
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
let optional_value = Some(String::from("rustlings"));
// Make this an if let statement whose value is "Some" type
value = optional_value {
println!("the value of optional value is: {}", value);
} else {
println!("The optional value doesn't contain anything!");
}
let mut optional_values_vec: Vec<Option<i8>> = Vec::new();
for x in 1..10 {
optional_values_vec.push(Some(x));
}
// make this a while let statement - remember that vector.pop also adds another layer of Option<T>
// You can stack `Option<T>`'s into while let and if let
value = optional_values_vec.pop() {
println!("current value: {}", value);
}
}

2
exercises/primitive_types/primitive_types1.rs
View File

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
// Fill in the rest of the line that has code missing!
// No hints, there's no tricks, just get used to typing these :)
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
// Booleans (`bool`)

2
exercises/primitive_types/primitive_types2.rs
View File

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
// Fill in the rest of the line that has code missing!
// No hints, there's no tricks, just get used to typing these :)
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
// Characters (`char`)

38
exercises/primitive_types/primitive_types3.rs
View File

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
// primitive_types3.rs
// Create an array with at least 100 elements in it where the ??? is.
// Scroll down for hints!
// Execute `rustlings hint primitive_types3` for hints!
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
let a = ???
@@ -11,37 +13,3 @@ fn main() {
println!("Meh, I eat arrays like that for breakfast.");
}
}
// There's a shorthand to initialize Arrays with a certain size that does not
// require you to type in 100 items (but you certainly can if you want!).
// For example, you can do:
// let array = ["Are we there yet?"; 10];
// Bonus: what are some other things you could have that would return true
// for `a.len() >= 100`?

64
exercises/primitive_types/primitive_types4.rs
View File

@@ -1,68 +1,14 @@
// primitive_types4.rs
// Get a slice out of Array a where the ??? is so that the `if` statement
// returns true. Scroll down for hints!!
// Get a slice out of Array a where the ??? is so that the test passes.
// Execute `rustlings hint primitive_types4` for hints!!
// I AM NOT DONE
#[test]
fn main() {
fn slice_out_of_array() {
let a = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
let nice_slice = ???
assert_eq!([2, 3, 4], nice_slice)
}
// Take a look at the Understanding Ownership -> Slices -> Other Slices section of the book:
// https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch04-03-slices.html
// and use the starting and ending indices of the items in the Array
// that you want to end up in the slice.
// If you're curious why the right hand of the `==` comparison does not
// have an ampersand for a reference since the left hand side is a
// reference, take a look at the Deref coercions section of the book:
// https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch15-02-deref.html

39
exercises/primitive_types/primitive_types5.rs
View File

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
// primitive_types5.rs
// Destructure the `cat` tuple so that the println will work.
// Scroll down for hints!
// Execute `rustlings hint primitive_types5` for hints!
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
let cat = ("Furry McFurson", 3.5);
@@ -8,38 +10,3 @@ fn main() {
println!("{} is {} years old.", name, age);
}
// Take a look at the Data Types -> The Tuple Type section of the book:
// https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch03-02-data-types.html#the-tuple-type
// Particularly the part about destructuring (second to last example in the section).
// You'll need to make a pattern to bind `name` and `age` to the appropriate parts
// of the tuple. You can do it!!

40
exercises/primitive_types/primitive_types6.rs
View File

@@ -1,45 +1,11 @@
// primitive_types6.rs
// Use a tuple index to access the second element of `numbers`.
// You can put this right into the `println!` where the ??? is.
// Scroll down for hints!
// Execute `rustlings hint primitive_types6` for hints!
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
let numbers = (1, 2, 3);
println!("The second number is {}", ???);
}
// While you could use a destructuring `let` for the tuple here, try
// indexing into it instead, as explained in the last example of the
// Data Types -> The Tuple Type section of the book:
// https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch03-02-data-types.html#the-tuple-type
// Now you have another tool in your toolbox!

2
exercises/standard_library_types/README.md
View File

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
For the Arc exercise check out the chapter [Shared-State Concurrency](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch16-03-shared-state.html) of the Rust Book.
For the Iterator exercise check out the chapters [Iterator](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch13-02-iterators.html) of the Rust Book and the [Iterator documentation](https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/iter/).
Do not adjust your monitors-- iterators 1 and 2 are indeed missing. Iterator 3 is a bit challenging so we're leaving space for some exercises to lead up to it!
Do not adjust your monitors-- iterators1.rs is indeed missing. Iterators is a challenging topic, so we're leaving space for a simpler exercise!

32
exercises/standard_library_types/arc1.rs
View File

@@ -1,8 +1,10 @@
// arc1.rs
// Make this code compile by filling in a value for `shared_numbers` where the
// TODO comment is and creating an initial binding for `child_numbers`
// TODO comment is and create an initial binding for `child_numbers`
// somewhere. Try not to create any copies of the `numbers` Vec!
// Scroll down for hints :)
// Execute `rustlings hint arc1` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
use std::sync::Arc;
use std::thread;
@@ -27,29 +29,3 @@ fn main() {
handle.join().unwrap();
}
}
// Make `shared_numbers` be an `Arc` from the numbers vector. Then, in order
// to avoid creating a copy of `numbers`, you'll need to create `child_numbers`
// inside the loop but still in the main thread.
// `child_numbers` should be a clone of the Arc of the numbers instead of a
// thread-local copy of the numbers.

103
exercises/standard_library_types/iterators2.rs
View File

@@ -3,7 +3,9 @@
// Step 1. Complete the `capitalize_first` function to pass the first two cases
// Step 2. Apply the `capitalize_first` function to a vector of strings, ensuring that it returns a vector of strings as well
// Step 3. Apply the `capitalize_first` function again to a list, but try and ensure it returns a single string
// As always, there are hints below!
// As always, there are hints if you execute `rustlings hint iterators2`!
// I AM NOT DONE
pub fn capitalize_first(input: &str) -> String {
let mut c = input.chars();
@@ -44,102 +46,3 @@ mod tests {
assert_eq!(capitalized_words, "Hello World");
}
}
// Step 1
// You need to call something on `first` before it can be collected
// Currently its type is `char`. Have a look at the methods that are available on that type:
// https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/primitive.char.html
// Step 2
// First you'll need to turn the Vec into an iterator
// Then you'll need to apply your function unto each item in the vector
// P.s. Don't forget to collect() at the end!
// Step 3.
// This is very similar to the previous test. The only real change is that you will need to
// alter the type that collect is coerced into. For a bonus you could try doing this with a
// turbofish

74
exercises/standard_library_types/iterators3.rs
View File

@@ -4,10 +4,11 @@
// 1. Complete the divide function to get the first four tests to pass
// 2. Uncomment the last two tests and get them to pass by filling in
// values for `x` using `division_results`.
// Scroll down for a minor hint for part 2, and scroll down further for
// a major hint.
// Execute `rustlings hint iterators3` to get some hints!
// Have fun :-)
// I AM NOT DONE
#[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum DivisionError {
NotDivisible(NotDivisibleError),
@@ -75,72 +76,3 @@ mod tests {
}
*/
}
// Minor hint: In each of the two cases in the match in main, you can create x with either
// a 'turbofish' or by hinting the type of x to the compiler. You may try both.
// Major hint: Have a look at the Iter trait and at the explanation of its collect function.
// Especially the part about Result is interesting.

33
exercises/standard_library_types/iterators4.rs
View File

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
// iterators4.rs
// I AM NOT DONE
pub fn factorial(num: u64) -> u64 {
// Complete this function to return factorial of num
// Do not use:
@@ -9,7 +11,7 @@ pub fn factorial(num: u64) -> u64 {
// - additional variables
// For the most fun don't use:
// - recursion
// Scroll down for hints.
// Execute `rustlings hint iterators4` for hints.
}
#[cfg(test)]
@@ -30,32 +32,3 @@ mod tests {
assert_eq!(24, factorial(4));
}
}
// In an imperative language you might write a for loop to iterate through
// multiply the values into a mutable variable. Or you might write code more
// functionally with recursion and a match clause. But you can also use ranges
// and iterators to solve this in rust.

40
exercises/strings/strings1.rs
View File

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
// strings1.rs
// Make me compile without changing the function signature! Scroll down for hints :)
// Make me compile without changing the function signature!
// Execute `rustlings hint strings1` for hints ;)
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
let answer = current_favorite_color();
@@ -9,38 +12,3 @@ fn main() {
fn current_favorite_color() -> String {
"blue"
}
// The `current_favorite_color` function is currently returning a string slice with the `'static`
// lifetime. We know this because the data of the string lives in our code itself -- it doesn't
// come from a file or user input or another program -- so it will live as long as our program
// lives. But it is still a string slice. There's one way to create a `String` by converting a
// string slice covered in the Strings chapter of the book, and another way that uses the `From`
// trait.

34
exercises/strings/strings2.rs
View File

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
// strings2.rs
// Make me compile without changing the function signature! Scroll down for hints :)
// Make me compile without changing the function signature!
// Execute `rustlings hint strings2` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
let word = String::from("green"); // Try not changing this line :)
@@ -13,32 +16,3 @@ fn main() {
fn is_a_color_word(attempt: &str) -> bool {
attempt == "green" || attempt == "blue" || attempt == "red"
}
// Yes, it would be really easy to fix this by just changing the value bound to `word` to be a
// string slice instead of a `String`, wouldn't it?? There is a way to add one character to line
// 6, though, that will coerce the `String` into a string slice.

2
exercises/structs/structs1.rs
View File

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
// structs1.rs
// Address all the TODOs to make the tests pass!
// I AM NOT DONE
struct ColorClassicStruct {
// TODO: Something goes here
}

2
exercises/structs/structs2.rs
View File

@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
// Address all the TODOs to make the tests pass!
// No hints, just do it!
// I AM NOT DONE
#[derive(Debug)]
struct Order {
name: String,

4
exercises/test1.rs
View File

@@ -3,10 +3,12 @@
// - Variables
// - Functions
// Mary is buying apples. One apple usually costs 2 dollars, but if you buy
// Mary is buying apples. One apple usually costs 2 Rustbucks, but if you buy
// more than 40 at once, each apple only costs 1! Write a function that calculates
// the price of an order of apples given the order amount. No hints this time!
// I AM NOT DONE
// Put your function here!
// fn ..... {

2
exercises/test2.rs
View File

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@
// you think each value is. That is, add either `string_slice` or `string`
// before the parentheses on each line. If you're right, it will compile!
// I AM NOT DONE
fn string_slice(arg: &str) {
println!("{}", arg);
}

2
exercises/test3.rs
View File

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@
// we expect to get when we call `times_two` with a negative number.
// No hints, you can do this :)
// I AM NOT DONE
pub fn times_two(num: i32) -> i32 {
num * 2
}

17
exercises/test4.rs
View File

@@ -5,8 +5,19 @@
// Write a macro that passes the test! No hints this time, you can do it!
fn main() {
if my_macro!("world!") != "Hello world!" {
panic!("Oh no! Wrong output!");
// I AM NOT DONE
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
#[test]
fn test_my_macro_world() {
assert_eq!(my_macro!("world!"), "Hello world!");
}
#[test]
fn test_my_macro_goodbye() {
assert_eq!(my_macro!("goodbye!"), "Hello goodbye!");
}
}

40
exercises/tests/tests1.rs
View File

@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
// tests1.rs
// Tests are important to ensure that your code does what you think it should do.
// Tests can be run on this file with the following command:
// rustlings run --test exercises/tests/tests1.rs
// rustlings run tests1
// This test has a problem with it -- make the test compile! Make the test
// pass! Make the test fail! Scroll down for hints :)
// pass! Make the test fail! Execute `rustlings hint tests1` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
@@ -13,37 +15,3 @@ mod tests {
assert!();
}
}
// You don't even need to write any code to test -- you can just test values and run that, even
// though you wouldn't do that in real life :) `assert!` is a macro that needs an argument.
// Depending on the value of the argument, `assert!` will do nothing (in which case the test will
// pass) or `assert!` will panic (in which case the test will fail). So try giving different values
// to `assert!` and see which ones compile, which ones pass, and which ones fail :)

37
exercises/tests/tests2.rs
View File

@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
// tests2.rs
// This test has a problem with it -- make the test compile! Make the test
// pass! Make the test fail! Scroll down for hints :)
// pass! Make the test fail! Execute `rustlings hint tests2` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
@@ -9,36 +11,3 @@ mod tests {
assert_eq!();
}
}
// Like the previous exercise, you don't need to write any code to get this test to compile and
// run. `assert_eq!` is a macro that takes two arguments and compares them. Try giving it two
// values that are equal! Try giving it two arguments that are different! Try giving it two values
// that are of different types! Try switching which argument comes first and which comes second!

30
exercises/tests/tests3.rs
View File

@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
// tests3.rs
// This test isn't testing our function -- make it do that in such a way that
// the test passes. Then write a second test that tests whether we get the result
// we expect to get when we call `is_even(5)`. Scroll down for hints!
// we expect to get when we call `is_even(5)`.
// Execute `rustlings hint tests3` for hints :)
// I AM NOT DONE
pub fn is_even(num: i32) -> bool {
num % 2 == 0
@@ -16,28 +19,3 @@ mod tests {
assert!();
}
}
// You can call a function right where you're passing arguments to `assert!` -- so you could do
// something like `assert!(having_fun())`. If you want to check that you indeed get false, you
// can negate the result of what you're doing using `!`, like `assert!(!having_fun())`.

74
exercises/threads/threads1.rs
View File

@@ -1,10 +1,12 @@
// threads1.rs
// Make this compile! Scroll down for hints :) The idea is the thread
// spawned on line 19 is completing jobs while the main thread is
// Make this compile! Execute `rustlings hint threads1` for hints :)
// The idea is the thread spawned on line 21 is completing jobs while the main thread is
// monitoring progress until 10 jobs are completed. If you see 6 lines
// of "waiting..." and the program ends without timing out the playground,
// of "waiting..." and the program ends without timing out when running,
// you've got it :)
// I AM NOT DONE
use std::sync::Arc;
use std::thread;
use std::time::Duration;
@@ -27,69 +29,3 @@ fn main() {
thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(500));
}
}
// `Arc` is an Atomic Reference Counted pointer that allows safe, shared access
// to **immutable** data. But we want to *change* the number of `jobs_completed`
// so we'll need to also use another type that will only allow one thread to
// mutate the data at a time. Take a look at this section of the book:
// https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch16-03-shared-state.html#atomic-reference-counting-with-arct
// and keep scrolling if you'd like more hints :)
// Do you now have an `Arc` `Mutex` `JobStatus` at the beginning of main? Like:
// `let status = Arc::new(Mutex::new(JobStatus { jobs_completed: 0 }));`
// Similar to the code in the example in the book that happens after the text
// that says "We can use Arc<T> to fix this.". If not, give that a try! If you
// do and would like more hints, keep scrolling!!
// Make sure neither of your threads are holding onto the lock of the mutex
// while they are sleeping, since this will prevent the other thread from
// being allowed to get the lock. Locks are automatically released when
// they go out of scope.
// Ok, so, real talk, this was actually tricky for *me* to do too. And
// I could see a lot of different problems you might run into, so at this
// point I'm not sure which one you've hit :) Please see a few possible
// answers on https://github.com/carols10cents/rustlings/issues/3 --
// mine is a little more complicated because I decided I wanted to see
// the number of jobs currently done when I was checking the status.
// Please open an issue if you're still running into a problem that
// these hints are not helping you with, or if you've looked at the sample
// answers and don't understand why they work and yours doesn't.
// If you've learned from the sample solutions, I encourage you to come
// back to this exercise and try it again in a few days to reinforce
// what you've learned :)

44
exercises/traits/traits1.rs Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
// traits1.rs
// Time to implement some traits!
//
// Your task is to implement the trait
// `AppendBar' for the type `String'.
//
// The trait AppendBar has only one function,
// which appends "Bar" to any object
// implementing this trait.
// I AM NOT DONE
trait AppendBar {
fn append_bar(self) -> Self;
}
impl AppendBar for String {
//Add your code here
}
fn main() {
let s = String::from("Foo");
let s = s.append_bar();
println!("s: {}", s);
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
#[test]
fn is_FooBar() {
assert_eq!(String::from("Foo").append_bar(), String::from("FooBar"));
}
#[test]
fn is_BarBar() {
assert_eq!(
String::from("").append_bar().append_bar(),
String::from("BarBar")
);
}
}

35
exercises/traits/traits2.rs Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
// traits2.rs
//
// Your task is to implement the trait
// `AppendBar' for a vector of strings.
//
// To implement this trait, consider for
// a moment what it means to 'append "Bar"'
// to a vector of strings.
//
// No boiler plate code this time,
// you can do this!
// I AM NOT DONE
trait AppendBar {
fn append_bar(self) -> Self;
}
//TODO: Add your code here
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
#[test]
fn is_vec_pop_eq_bar() {
let mut foo = vec![String::from("Foo")].append_bar();
assert_eq!(foo.pop().unwrap(), String::from("Bar"));
assert_eq!(foo.pop().unwrap(), String::from("Foo"));
}
}

44
exercises/variables/variables1.rs
View File

@@ -1,42 +1,14 @@
// variables1.rs
// Make me compile! Scroll down for hints :)
// Make me compile! Execute the command `rustlings hint variables1` if you want a hint :)
// About this `I AM NOT DONE` thing:
// We sometimes encourage you to keep trying things on a given exercise,
// even after you already figured it out. If you got everything working and
// feel ready for the next exercise, remove the `I AM NOT DONE` comment below.
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
x = 5;
println!("x has the value {}", x);
}
// Hint: The declaration on line 5 is missing a keyword that is needed in Rust
// to create a new variable binding.

40
exercises/variables/variables2.rs
View File

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
// variables2.rs
// Make me compile! Scroll down for hints :)
// Make me compile! Execute the command `rustlings hint variables2` if you want a hint :)
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
let x;
@@ -9,39 +11,3 @@ fn main() {
println!("Not ten!");
}
}
// The compiler message is saying that Rust cannot infer the type that the
// variable binding `x` has with what is given here.
// What happens if you annotate line 5 with a type annotation?
// What if you give x a value?
// What if you do both?
// What type should x be, anyway?
// What if x is the same type as 10? What if it's a different type?

38
exercises/variables/variables3.rs
View File

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
// variables3.rs
// Make me compile! Scroll down for hints :)
// Make me compile! Execute the command `rustlings hint variables3` if you want a hint :)
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
let x = 3;
@@ -7,37 +9,3 @@ fn main() {
x = 5;
println!("Number {}", x);
}
// In Rust, variable bindings are immutable by default. But here we're trying
// to reassign a different value to x! There's a keyword we can use to make
// a variable binding mutable instead.

42
exercises/variables/variables4.rs
View File

@@ -1,45 +1,9 @@
// variables4.rs
// Make me compile! Scroll down for hints :)
// Make me compile! Execute the command `rustlings hint variables4` if you want a hint :)
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
let x: i32;
println!("Number {}", x);
}
// Oops! In this exercise, we have a variable binding that we've created on
// line 5, and we're trying to use it on line 6, but we haven't given it a
// value. We can't print out something that isn't there; try giving x a value!
// This is an error that can cause bugs that's very easy to make in any
// programming language -- thankfully the Rust compiler has caught this for us!

11
exercises/variables/variables5.rs Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
// variables5.rs
// Make me compile! Execute the command `rustlings hint variables5` if you want a hint :)
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
let number = "3";
println!("Number {}", number);
number = 3;
println!("Number {}", number);
}

521
info.toml
View File

@@ -1,241 +1,754 @@
# VARIABLES
[[exercises]]
name = "variables1"
path = "exercises/variables/variables1.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = """
Hint: The declaration on line 12 is missing a keyword that is needed in Rust
to create a new variable binding."""
[[exercises]]
name = "variables2"
path = "exercises/variables/variables2.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = """
The compiler message is saying that Rust cannot infer the type that the
variable binding `x` has with what is given here.
What happens if you annotate line 7 with a type annotation?
What if you give x a value?
What if you do both?
What type should x be, anyway?
What if x is the same type as 10? What if it's a different type?"""
[[exercises]]
name = "variables3"
path = "exercises/variables/variables3.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = """
In Rust, variable bindings are immutable by default. But here we're trying
to reassign a different value to x! There's a keyword we can use to make
a variable binding mutable instead."""
[[exercises]]
name = "variables4"
path = "exercises/variables/variables4.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = """
Oops! In this exercise, we have a variable binding that we've created on
line 7, and we're trying to use it on line 8, but we haven't given it a
value. We can't print out something that isn't there; try giving x a value!
This is an error that can cause bugs that's very easy to make in any
programming language -- thankfully the Rust compiler has caught this for us!"""
[[exercises]]
name = "variables5"
path = "exercises/variables/variables5.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = """
In variables3 we already learned how to make an immutable variable mutable
using a special keyword. Unfortunately this doesn't help us much in this exercise
because we want to assign a different typed value to an existing variable. Sometimes
you may also like to reuse existing variable names because you are just converting
values to different types like in this exercise.
Fortunately Rust has a powerful solution to this problem: 'Shadowing'!
You can read more about 'Shadowing' in the book's section 'Variables and Mutability'.
Try to solve this exercise afterwards using this technique."""
# IF
[[exercises]]
name = "if1"
path = "exercises/if/if1.rs"
mode = "test"
hint = """
It's possible to do this in one line if you would like!
Some similar examples from other languages:
- In C(++) this would be: `a > b ? a : b`
- In Python this would be: `a if a > b else b`
Remember in Rust that:
- the `if` condition does not need to be surrounded by parentheses
- `if`/`else` conditionals are expressions
- Each condition is followed by a `{}` block."""
# FUNCTIONS
[[exercises]]
name = "functions1"
path = "exercises/functions/functions1.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = """
This main function is calling a function that it expects to exist, but the
function doesn't exist. It expects this function to have the name `call_me`.
It expects this function to not take any arguments and not return a value.
Sounds a lot like `main`, doesn't it?"""
[[exercises]]
name = "functions2"
path = "exercises/functions/functions2.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = """
Rust requires that all parts of a function's signature have type annotations,
but `call_me` is missing the type annotation of `num`."""
[[exercises]]
name = "functions3"
path = "exercises/functions/functions3.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = """
This time, the function *declaration* is okay, but there's something wrong
with the place where we're calling the function."""
[[exercises]]
name = "functions4"
path = "exercises/functions/functions4.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = """
The error message points to line 14 and says it expects a type after the
`->`. This is where the function's return type should be-- take a look at
the `is_even` function for an example!"""
[[exercises]]
name = "functions5"
path = "exercises/functions/functions5.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = """
This is a really common error that can be fixed by removing one character.
It happens because Rust distinguishes between expressions and statements: expressions return
a value based on its operand, and statements simply return a () type which behaves just like `void` in C/C++ language.
We want to return a value of `i32` type from the `square` function, but it is returning a `()` type...
They are not the same. There are two solutions:
1. Add a `return` ahead of `num * num;`
2. remove `;`, make it to be `num * num`"""
# TEST 1
[[exercises]]
name = "test1"
path = "exercises/test1.rs"
mode = "test"
hint = "No hints this time ;)"
# PRIMITIVE TYPES
[[exercises]]
name = "primitive_types1"
path = "exercises/primitive_types/primitive_types1.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = "No hints this time ;)"
[[exercises]]
name = "primitive_types2"
path = "exercises/primitive_types/primitive_types2.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = "No hints this time ;)"
[[exercises]]
name = "primitive_types3"
path = "exercises/primitive_types/primitive_types3.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = """
There's a shorthand to initialize Arrays with a certain size that does not
require you to type in 100 items (but you certainly can if you want!).
For example, you can do:
let array = ["Are we there yet?"; 10];
Bonus: what are some other things you could have that would return true
for `a.len() >= 100`?"""
[[exercises]]
name = "primitive_types4"
path = "exercises/primitive_types/primitive_types4.rs"
mode = "test"
hint = """
Take a look at the Understanding Ownership -> Slices -> Other Slices section of the book:
https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch04-03-slices.html
and use the starting and ending indices of the items in the Array
that you want to end up in the slice.
If you're curious why the first argument of `assert_eq!` does not
have an ampersand for a reference since the second argument is a
reference, take a look at the Deref coercions section of the book:
https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch15-02-deref.html"""
[[exercises]]
name = "primitive_types5"
path = "exercises/primitive_types/primitive_types5.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = """
Take a look at the Data Types -> The Tuple Type section of the book:
https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch03-02-data-types.html#the-tuple-type
Particularly the part about destructuring (second to last example in the section).
You'll need to make a pattern to bind `name` and `age` to the appropriate parts
of the tuple. You can do it!!"""
[[exercises]]
name = "primitive_types6"
path = "exercises/primitive_types/primitive_types6.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = """
While you could use a destructuring `let` for the tuple here, try
indexing into it instead, as explained in the last example of the
Data Types -> The Tuple Type section of the book:
https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch03-02-data-types.html#the-tuple-type
Now you have another tool in your toolbox!"""
# STRUCTS
[[exercises]]
name = "structs1"
path = "exercises/structs/structs1.rs"
mode = "test"
hint = "No hints this time ;)"
[[exercises]]
name = "structs2"
path = "exercises/structs/structs2.rs"
mode = "test"
hint = "No hints this time ;)"
# STRINGS
[[exercises]]
name = "strings1"
path = "exercises/strings/strings1.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = """
The `current_favorite_color` function is currently returning a string slice with the `'static`
lifetime. We know this because the data of the string lives in our code itself -- it doesn't
come from a file or user input or another program -- so it will live as long as our program
lives. But it is still a string slice. There's one way to create a `String` by converting a
string slice covered in the Strings chapter of the book, and another way that uses the `From`
trait."""
[[exercises]]
name = "strings2"
path = "exercises/strings/strings2.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = """
Yes, it would be really easy to fix this by just changing the value bound to `word` to be a
string slice instead of a `String`, wouldn't it?? There is a way to add one character to line
9, though, that will coerce the `String` into a string slice."""
# TEST 2
[[exercises]]
name = "test2"
path = "exercises/test2.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = "No hints this time ;)"
# ENUMS
[[exercises]]
name = "enums1"
path = "exercises/enums/enums1.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = """
Hint: The declaration of the enumeration type has not been defined yet."""
[[exercises]]
name = "enums2"
path = "exercises/enums/enums2.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = """
Hint: you can create enumerations that have different variants with different types
such as no data, anonymous structs, a single string, tuples, ...etc"""
[[exercises]]
name = "enums3"
path = "exercises/enums/enums3.rs"
mode = "test"
hint = "No hints this time ;)"
# TESTS
[[exercises]]
name = "tests1"
path = "exercises/tests/tests1.rs"
mode = "test"
hint = """
You don't even need to write any code to test -- you can just test values and run that, even
though you wouldn't do that in real life :) `assert!` is a macro that needs an argument.
Depending on the value of the argument, `assert!` will do nothing (in which case the test will
pass) or `assert!` will panic (in which case the test will fail). So try giving different values
to `assert!` and see which ones compile, which ones pass, and which ones fail :)"""
[[exercises]]
name = "tests2"
path = "exercises/tests/tests2.rs"
mode = "test"
hint = """
Like the previous exercise, you don't need to write any code to get this test to compile and
run. `assert_eq!` is a macro that takes two arguments and compares them. Try giving it two
values that are equal! Try giving it two arguments that are different! Try giving it two values
that are of different types! Try switching which argument comes first and which comes second!"""
[[exercises]]
name = "tests3"
path = "exercises/tests/tests3.rs"
mode = "test"
hint = """
You can call a function right where you're passing arguments to `assert!` -- so you could do
something like `assert!(having_fun())`. If you want to check that you indeed get false, you
can negate the result of what you're doing using `!`, like `assert!(!having_fun())`."""
# TEST 3
[[exercises]]
name = "test3"
path = "exercises/test3.rs"
mode = "test"
hint = "No hints this time ;)"
# MODULES
[[exercises]]
name = "modules1"
path = "exercises/modules/modules1.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = """
Everything is private in Rust by default-- but there's a keyword we can use
to make something public! The compiler error should point to the thing that
needs to be public."""
[[exercises]]
name = "modules2"
path = "exercises/modules/modules2.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = """
The delicious_snacks module is trying to present an external
interface (the `fruit` and `veggie` constants) that is different than
its internal structure (the `fruits` and `veggies` modules and
associated constants). It's almost there except for one keyword missing for
each constant."""
# MACROS
[[exercises]]
name = "macros1"
path = "exercises/macros/macros1.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = """
When you call a macro, you need to add something special compared to a
regular function call. If you're stuck, take a look at what's inside
`my_macro`."""
[[exercises]]
name = "macros2"
path = "exercises/macros/macros2.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = """
Macros don't quite play by the same rules as the rest of Rust, in terms of
what's available where.
Unlike other things in Rust, the order of "where you define a macro" versus
"where you use it" actually matters."""
[[exercises]]
name = "macros3"
path = "exercises/macros/macros3.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = """
In order to use a macro outside of its module, you need to do something
special to the module to lift the macro out into its parent.
The same trick also works on "extern crate" statements for crates that have
exported macros, if you've seen any of those around."""
[[exercises]]
name = "macros4"
path = "exercises/macros/macros4.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = """
You only need to add a single character to make this compile.
The way macros are written, it wants to see something between each
"macro arm", so it can separate them."""
# TEST 4
[[exercises]]
name = "test4"
path = "exercises/test4.rs"
mode = "compile"
mode = "test"
hint = "No hints this time ;)"
# MOVE SEMANTICS
[[exercises]]
name = "move_semantics1"
path = "exercises/move_semantics/move_semantics1.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = """
So you've got the "cannot borrow immutable local variable `vec1` as mutable" error on line 13,
right? The fix for this is going to be adding one keyword, and the addition is NOT on line 13
where the error is."""
[[exercises]]
name = "move_semantics2"
path = "exercises/move_semantics/move_semantics2.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = """
So `vec0` is being *moved* into the function `fill_vec` when we call it on
line 10, which means it gets dropped at the end of `fill_vec`, which means we
can't use `vec0` again on line 13 (or anywhere else in `main` after the
`fill_vec` call for that matter). We could fix this in a few ways, try them
all!
1. Make another, separate version of the data that's in `vec0` and pass that
to `fill_vec` instead.
2. Make `fill_vec` borrow its argument instead of taking ownership of it,
and then copy the data within the function in order to return an owned
`Vec<i32>`
3. Make `fill_vec` *mutably* borrow its argument (which will need to be
mutable), modify it directly, then not return anything. Then you can get rid
of `vec1` entirely -- note that this will change what gets printed by the
first `println!`"""
[[exercises]]
name = "move_semantics3"
path = "exercises/move_semantics/move_semantics3.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = """
The difference between this one and the previous ones is that the first line
of `fn fill_vec` that had `let mut vec = vec;` is no longer there. You can,
instead of adding that line back, add `mut` in one place that will change
an existing binding to be a mutable binding instead of an immutable one :)"""
[[exercises]]
name = "move_semantics4"
path = "exercises/move_semantics/move_semantics4.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = """
Stop reading whenever you feel like you have enough direction :) Or try
doing one step and then fixing the compiler errors that result!
So the end goal is to:
- get rid of the first line in main that creates the new vector
- so then `vec0` doesn't exist, so we can't pass it to `fill_vec`
- we don't want to pass anything to `fill_vec`, so its signature should
reflect that it does not take any arguments
- since we're not creating a new vec in `main` anymore, we need to create
a new vec in `fill_vec`, similarly to the way we did in `main`"""
# ERROR HANDLING
[[exercises]]
name = "errors1"
path = "exercises/error_handling/errors1.rs"
mode = "test"
hint = """
`Err` is one of the variants of `Result`, so what the 2nd test is saying
is that `generate_nametag_text` should return a `Result` instead of an
`Option`.
To make this change, you'll need to:
- update the return type in the function signature to be a Result<String, String> that
could be the variants `Ok(String)` and `Err(String)`
- change the body of the function to return `Ok(stuff)` where it currently
returns `Some(stuff)`
- change the body of the function to return `Err(error message)` where it
currently returns `None`
- change the first test to expect `Ok(stuff)` where it currently expects
`Some(stuff)`."""
[[exercises]]
name = "errors2"
path = "exercises/error_handling/errors2.rs"
mode = "test"
hint = """
One way to handle this is using a `match` statement on
`item_quantity.parse::<i32>()` where the cases are `Ok(something)` and
`Err(something)`. This pattern is very common in Rust, though, so there's
a `?` operator that does pretty much what you would make that match statement
do for you! Take a look at this section of the Error Handling chapter:
https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch09-02-recoverable-errors-with-result.html#a-shortcut-for-propagating-errors-the--operator
and give it a try!"""
[[exercises]]
name = "errors3"
path = "exercises/error_handling/errors3.rs"
mode = "test"
hint = """
If other functions can return a `Result`, why shouldn't `main`?"""
[[exercises]]
name = "errorsn"
path = "exercises/error_handling/errorsn.rs"
mode = "test"
hint = """
First hint: To figure out what type should go where the ??? is, take a look
at the test helper function `test_with_str`, since it returns whatever
`read_and_validate` returns and`test_with_str` has its signature fully
specified.
Next hint: There are three places in `read_and_validate` that we call a
function that returns a `Result` (that is, the functions might fail).
Apply the `?` operator on those calls so that we return immediately from
`read_and_validate` if those function calls fail.
Another hint: under the hood, the `?` operator calls `From::from`
on the error value to convert it to a boxed trait object, a Box<dyn error::Error>,
which is polymorphic-- that means that lots of different kinds of errors
can be returned from the same function because all errors act the same
since they all implement the `error::Error` trait.
Check out this section of the book:
https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch09-02-recoverable-errors-with-result.html#a-shortcut-for-propagating-errors-the--operator
Another another hint: Note that because the `?` operator returns
the *unwrapped* value in the `Ok` case, if we want to return a `Result` from
`read_and_validate` for *its* success case, we'll have to rewrap a value
that we got from the return value of a `?`ed call in an `Ok`-- this will
look like `Ok(something)`.
Another another another hint: `Result`s must be "used", that is, you'll
get a warning if you don't handle a `Result` that you get in your
function. Read more about that in the `std::result` module docs:
https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/result/#results-must-be-used"""
# OPTIONS / RESULTS
[[exercises]]
path = "exercises/error_handling/option1.rs"
mode = "test"
name = "option1"
path = "exercises/option/option1.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = """
Check out some functions of Option:
is_some
is_none
unwrap
and:
pattern matching
"""
[[exercises]]
name = "option2"
path = "exercises/option/option2.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = """
check out:
https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/flow_control/if_let.html
https://doc.rust-lang.org/rust-by-example/flow_control/while_let.html
Remember that Options can be stacked in if let and while let.
For example: Some(Some(variable)) = variable2
"""
[[exercises]]
name = "result1"
path = "exercises/error_handling/result1.rs"
mode = "test"
hint = """
`PositiveNonzeroInteger::new` is always creating a new instance and returning an `Ok` result.
It should be doing some checking, returning an `Err` result if those checks fail, and only
returning an `Ok` result if those checks determine that everything is... okay :)"""
# CLIPPY
[[exercises]]
name = "clippy1"
path = "exercises/clippy/clippy1.rs"
mode = "clippy"
hint = """
Floating point calculations are usually imprecise, so asking if two values are exactly equal is asking for trouble"""
[[exercises]]
name = "clippy2"
path = "exercises/clippy/clippy2.rs"
mode = "clippy"
hint = """
`for` loops over Option values are more clearly expressed as an `if let`"""
# STANDARD LIBRARY TYPES
[[exercises]]
name = "arc1"
path = "exercises/standard_library_types/arc1.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = """
Make `shared_numbers` be an `Arc` from the numbers vector. Then, in order
to avoid creating a copy of `numbers`, you'll need to create `child_numbers`
inside the loop but still in the main thread.
`child_numbers` should be a clone of the Arc of the numbers instead of a
thread-local copy of the numbers."""
[[exercises]]
name = "iterators2"
path = "exercises/standard_library_types/iterators2.rs"
mode = "test"
hint = """
Step 1
You need to call something on `first` before it can be collected
Currently its type is `char`. Have a look at the methods that are available on that type:
https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/primitive.char.html
Step 2
First you'll need to turn the Vec into an iterator
Then you'll need to apply your function unto each item in the vector
P.s. Don't forget to collect() at the end!
Step 3.
This is very similar to the previous test. The only real change is that you will need to
alter the type that collect is coerced into. For a bonus you could try doing this with a
turbofish"""
[[exercises]]
name = "iterators3"
path = "exercises/standard_library_types/iterators3.rs"
mode = "test"
hint = """
Minor hint: In each of the two cases in the match in main, you can create x with either
a 'turbofish' or by hinting the type of x to the compiler. You may try both.
Major hint: Have a look at the Iter trait and at the explanation of its collect function.
Especially the part about Result is interesting."""
[[exercises]]
name = "iterators4"
path = "exercises/standard_library_types/iterators4.rs"
mode = "test"
hint = """
In an imperative language you might write a for loop to iterate through
multiply the values into a mutable variable. Or you might write code more
functionally with recursion and a match clause. But you can also use ranges
and iterators to solve this in rust."""
# TRAITS
[[exercises]]
name = "traits1"
path = "exercises/traits/traits1.rs"
mode = "test"
hint = """
A discussion about Traits in Rust can be found at:
https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch10-02-traits.html
"""
[[exercises]]
name = "traits2"
path = "exercises/traits/traits2.rs"
mode = "test"
hint = """
Notice how the trait takes ownership of 'self',and returns `Self'.
Try mutating the incoming string vector.
Vectors provide suitable methods for adding an element at the end. See
the documentation at: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/vec/struct.Vec.html"""
# Generics
[[exercises]]
name = "generics1"
path = "exercises/generics/generics1.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = """
Vectors in rust make use of generics to create dynamically sized arrays of any type.
You need to tell the compiler what type we are pushing onto this vector."""
[[exercises]]
name = "generics2"
path = "exercises/generics/generics2.rs"
mode = "test"
hint = """
Think carefully about what we need to do here. Currently we are wrapping only values of
type 'u32'. Maybe we need to update the explicit references to this data type somehow?
"""
[[exercises]]
name = "generics3"
path = "exercises/generics/generics3.rs"
mode = "test"
hint = """
To find the best solution to this challenge you're going to need to think back to your
knowledge of traits, specifically Trait Bound Syntax - you may also need this: "use std::fmt::Display;"
This is definitely harder than the last two exercises! You need to think about not only making the
ReportCard struct generic, but also the correct property - you will need to change the implementation
of the struct slightly too...you can do it!
"""
# THREADS
[[exercises]]
name = "threads1"
path = "exercises/threads/threads1.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = """
`Arc` is an Atomic Reference Counted pointer that allows safe, shared access
to **immutable** data. But we want to *change* the number of `jobs_completed`
so we'll need to also use another type that will only allow one thread to
mutate the data at a time. Take a look at this section of the book:
https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/ch16-03-shared-state.html#atomic-reference-counting-with-arct
and keep reading if you'd like more hints :)
Do you now have an `Arc` `Mutex` `JobStatus` at the beginning of main? Like:
`let status = Arc::new(Mutex::new(JobStatus { jobs_completed: 0 }));`
Similar to the code in the example in the book that happens after the text
that says "We can use Arc<T> to fix this.". If not, give that a try! If you
do and would like more hints, keep reading!!
Make sure neither of your threads are holding onto the lock of the mutex
while they are sleeping, since this will prevent the other thread from
being allowed to get the lock. Locks are automatically released when
they go out of scope.
Ok, so, real talk, this was actually tricky for *me* to do too. And
I could see a lot of different problems you might run into, so at this
point I'm not sure which one you've hit :)
Please open an issue if you're still running into a problem that
these hints are not helping you with, or if you've looked at the sample
answers and don't understand why they work and yours doesn't.
If you've learned from the sample solutions, I encourage you to come
back to this exercise and try it again in a few days to reinforce
what you've learned :)"""
# TYPE CONVERSIONS
[[exercises]]
name = "using_as"
path = "exercises/conversions/using_as.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = """
Use the `as` operator to cast one of the operands in the last line of the
`average` function into the expected return type."""
[[exercises]]
name = "from_into"
path = "exercises/conversions/from_into.rs"
mode = "test"
hint = """
Follow the steps provided right before the `From` implementation"""
[[exercises]]
name = "try_from_into"
path = "exercises/conversions/try_from_into.rs"
mode = "test"
hint = """
Follow the steps provided right before the `From` implementation.
You can also use the example at https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/convert/trait.TryFrom.html"""
[[exercises]]
name = "as_ref_mut"
path = "exercises/conversions/as_ref_mut.rs"
mode = "test"
hint = """
Add AsRef<str> as a trait bound to the functions."""
[[exercises]]
name = "from_str"
path = "exercises/conversions/from_str.rs"
mode = "test"
hint = """
If you've already solved try_from_into.rs, then this is almost a copy-paste.
Otherwise, go ahead and solve try_from_into.rs first."""

9
install.ps1
View File

@@ -72,6 +72,7 @@ if (!($LASTEXITCODE -eq 0)) {
# but anyone running pwsh 5 will have to pass the argument.
$version = Invoke-WebRequest -UseBasicParsing https://api.github.com/repos/rust-lang/rustlings/releases/latest `
| ConvertFrom-Json | Select-Object -ExpandProperty tag_name
Write-Host "Checking out version $version..."
Set-Location $path
git checkout -q tags/$version
@@ -82,4 +83,12 @@ if (!(Get-Command rustlings -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {
Write-Host "WARNING: Please check that you have '~/.cargo/bin' in your PATH environment variable!"
}
# Checking whether Clippy is installed.
# Due to a bug in Cargo, this must be done with Rustup: https://github.com/rust-lang/rustup/issues/1514
$clippy = (rustup component list | Select-String "clippy" | Select-String "installed") | Out-String
if (!$clippy) {
Write-Host "Installing the 'cargo-clippy' executable..."
rustup component add clippy
}
Write-Host "All done! Run 'rustlings' to get started."

21
install.sh
View File

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ if [ -x "$(command -v git)" ]
then
echo "SUCCESS: Git is installed"
else
echo "WARNING: Git does not seem to be installed."
echo "ERROR: Git does not seem to be installed."
echo "Please download Git using your package manager or over https://git-scm.com/!"
exit 1
fi
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ if [ -x "$(command -v rustc)" ]
then
echo "SUCCESS: Rust is installed"
else
echo "WARNING: Rust does not seem to be installed."
echo "ERROR: Rust does not seem to be installed."
echo "Please download Rust using https://rustup.rs!"
exit 1
fi
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ if [ -x "$(command -v cargo)" ]
then
echo "SUCCESS: Cargo is installed"
else
echo "WARNING: Cargo does not seem to be installed."
echo "ERROR: Cargo does not seem to be installed."
echo "Please download Rust and Cargo using https://rustup.rs!"
exit 1
fi
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ MinRustVersion=1.31
vercomp $RustVersion $MinRustVersion
if [ $? -eq 2 ]
then
echo "WARNING: Rust version is too old: $RustVersion - needs at least $MinRustVersion"
echo "ERROR: Rust version is too old: $RustVersion - needs at least $MinRustVersion"
echo "Please update Rust with 'rustup update'"
exit 1
else
@@ -87,6 +87,8 @@ echo "Cloning Rustlings at $Path..."
git clone -q https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings $Path
Version=$(curl -s https://api.github.com/repos/rust-lang/rustlings/releases/latest | python -c "import json,sys;obj=json.load(sys.stdin);print(obj['tag_name']);")
CargoBin="${CARGO_HOME:-$HOME/.cargo}/bin"
echo "Checking out version $Version..."
cd $Path
git checkout -q tags/$Version
@@ -96,7 +98,16 @@ cargo install --force --path .
if ! [ -x "$(command -v rustlings)" ]
then
echo "WARNING: Please check that you have '~/.cargo/bin' in your PATH environment variable!"
echo "WARNING: Please check that you have '$CargoBin' in your PATH environment variable!"
fi
# Checking whether Clippy is installed.
# Due to a bug in Cargo, this must be done with Rustup: https://github.com/rust-lang/rustup/issues/1514
Clippy=$(rustup component list | grep "clippy" | grep "installed")
if [ -z "$Clippy" ]
then
echo "Installing the 'cargo-clippy' executable..."
rustup component add clippy
fi
echo "All done! Run 'rustlings' to get started."

234
src/exercise.rs
View File

@@ -1,20 +1,26 @@
use regex::Regex;
use serde::Deserialize;
use std::fmt::{self, Display, Formatter};
use std::fs::remove_file;
use std::fs::{self, remove_file, File};
use std::io::Read;
use std::path::PathBuf;
use std::process::{self, Command, Output};
use std::process::{self, Command};
const RUSTC_COLOR_ARGS: &[&str] = &["--color", "always"];
const I_AM_DONE_REGEX: &str = r"(?m)^\s*///?\s*I\s+AM\s+NOT\s+DONE";
const CONTEXT: usize = 2;
const CLIPPY_CARGO_TOML_PATH: &str = "./exercises/clippy/Cargo.toml";
fn temp_file() -> String {
format!("./temp_{}", process::id())
}
#[derive(Deserialize)]
#[derive(Deserialize, Copy, Clone)]
#[serde(rename_all = "lowercase")]
pub enum Mode {
Compile,
Test,
Clippy,
}
#[derive(Deserialize)]
@@ -24,13 +30,53 @@ pub struct ExerciseList {
#[derive(Deserialize)]
pub struct Exercise {
pub name: String,
pub path: PathBuf,
pub mode: Mode,
pub hint: String,
}
#[derive(PartialEq, Debug)]
pub enum State {
Done,
Pending(Vec<ContextLine>),
}
#[derive(PartialEq, Debug)]
pub struct ContextLine {
pub line: String,
pub number: usize,
pub important: bool,
}
pub struct CompiledExercise<'a> {
exercise: &'a Exercise,
_handle: FileHandle,
}
impl<'a> CompiledExercise<'a> {
pub fn run(&self) -> Result<ExerciseOutput, ExerciseOutput> {
self.exercise.run()
}
}
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct ExerciseOutput {
pub stdout: String,
pub stderr: String,
}
struct FileHandle;
impl Drop for FileHandle {
fn drop(&mut self) {
clean();
}
}
impl Exercise {
pub fn compile(&self) -> Output {
match self.mode {
pub fn compile(&self) -> Result<CompiledExercise, ExerciseOutput> {
let cmd = match self.mode {
Mode::Compile => Command::new("rustc")
.args(&[self.path.to_str().unwrap(), "-o", &temp_file()])
.args(RUSTC_COLOR_ARGS)
@@ -39,18 +85,117 @@ impl Exercise {
.args(&["--test", self.path.to_str().unwrap(), "-o", &temp_file()])
.args(RUSTC_COLOR_ARGS)
.output(),
Mode::Clippy => {
let cargo_toml = format!(
r#"[package]
name = "{}"
version = "0.0.1"
edition = "2018"
[[bin]]
name = "{}"
path = "{}.rs""#,
self.name, self.name, self.name
);
fs::write(CLIPPY_CARGO_TOML_PATH, cargo_toml)
.expect("Failed to write 📎 Clippy 📎 Cargo.toml file.");
// To support the ability to run the clipy exercises, build
// an executable, in addition to running clippy. With a
// compilation failure, this would silently fail. But we expect
// clippy to reflect the same failure while compiling later.
Command::new("rustc")
.args(&[self.path.to_str().unwrap(), "-o", &temp_file()])
.args(RUSTC_COLOR_ARGS)
.output()
.expect("Failed to compile!");
// Due to an issue with Clippy, a cargo clean is required to catch all lints.
// See https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-clippy/issues/2604
// This is already fixed on master branch. See this issue to track merging into Cargo:
// https://github.com/rust-lang/rust-clippy/issues/3837
Command::new("cargo")
.args(&["clean", "--manifest-path", CLIPPY_CARGO_TOML_PATH])
.args(RUSTC_COLOR_ARGS)
.output()
.expect("Failed to run 'cargo clean'");
Command::new("cargo")
.args(&["clippy", "--manifest-path", CLIPPY_CARGO_TOML_PATH])
.args(RUSTC_COLOR_ARGS)
.args(&["--", "-D", "warnings"])
.output()
}
}
.expect("Failed to run 'compile' command.");
if cmd.status.success() {
Ok(CompiledExercise {
exercise: &self,
_handle: FileHandle,
})
} else {
clean();
Err(ExerciseOutput {
stdout: String::from_utf8_lossy(&cmd.stdout).to_string(),
stderr: String::from_utf8_lossy(&cmd.stderr).to_string(),
})
}
.expect("Failed to run 'compile' command.")
}
pub fn run(&self) -> Output {
Command::new(&temp_file())
fn run(&self) -> Result<ExerciseOutput, ExerciseOutput> {
let cmd = Command::new(&temp_file())
.output()
.expect("Failed to run 'run' command")
.expect("Failed to run 'run' command");
let output = ExerciseOutput {
stdout: String::from_utf8_lossy(&cmd.stdout).to_string(),
stderr: String::from_utf8_lossy(&cmd.stderr).to_string(),
};
if cmd.status.success() {
Ok(output)
} else {
Err(output)
}
}
pub fn clean(&self) {
let _ignored = remove_file(&temp_file());
pub fn state(&self) -> State {
let mut source_file =
File::open(&self.path).expect("We were unable to open the exercise file!");
let source = {
let mut s = String::new();
source_file
.read_to_string(&mut s)
.expect("We were unable to read the exercise file!");
s
};
let re = Regex::new(I_AM_DONE_REGEX).unwrap();
if !re.is_match(&source) {
return State::Done;
}
let matched_line_index = source
.lines()
.enumerate()
.filter_map(|(i, line)| if re.is_match(line) { Some(i) } else { None })
.next()
.expect("This should not happen at all");
let min_line = ((matched_line_index as i32) - (CONTEXT as i32)).max(0) as usize;
let max_line = matched_line_index + CONTEXT;
let context = source
.lines()
.enumerate()
.filter(|&(i, _)| i >= min_line && i <= max_line)
.map(|(i, line)| ContextLine {
line: line.to_string(),
number: i + 1,
important: i == matched_line_index,
})
.collect();
State::Pending(context)
}
}
@@ -60,20 +205,79 @@ impl Display for Exercise {
}
}
fn clean() {
let _ignored = remove_file(&temp_file());
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod test {
use super::*;
use std::fs::File;
use std::path::Path;
#[test]
fn test_clean() {
File::create(&temp_file()).unwrap();
let exercise = Exercise {
path: PathBuf::from("example.rs"),
mode: Mode::Test,
name: String::from("example"),
path: PathBuf::from("tests/fixture/state/pending_exercise.rs"),
mode: Mode::Compile,
hint: String::from(""),
};
exercise.clean();
let compiled = exercise.compile().unwrap();
drop(compiled);
assert!(!Path::new(&temp_file()).exists());
}
#[test]
fn test_pending_state() {
let exercise = Exercise {
name: "pending_exercise".into(),
path: PathBuf::from("tests/fixture/state/pending_exercise.rs"),
mode: Mode::Compile,
hint: String::new(),
};
let state = exercise.state();
let expected = vec![
ContextLine {
line: "// fake_exercise".to_string(),
number: 1,
important: false,
},
ContextLine {
line: "".to_string(),
number: 2,
important: false,
},
ContextLine {
line: "// I AM NOT DONE".to_string(),
number: 3,
important: true,
},
ContextLine {
line: "".to_string(),
number: 4,
important: false,
},
ContextLine {
line: "fn main() {".to_string(),
number: 5,
important: false,
},
];
assert_eq!(state, State::Pending(expected));
}
#[test]
fn test_finished_exercise() {
let exercise = Exercise {
name: "finished_exercise".into(),
path: PathBuf::from("tests/fixture/state/finished_exercise.rs"),
mode: Mode::Compile,
hint: String::new(),
};
assert_eq!(exercise.state(), State::Done);
}
}

115
src/main.rs
View File

@@ -2,14 +2,22 @@ use crate::exercise::{Exercise, ExerciseList};
use crate::run::run;
use crate::verify::verify;
use clap::{crate_version, App, Arg, SubCommand};
use console::Emoji;
use notify::DebouncedEvent;
use notify::{RecommendedWatcher, RecursiveMode, Watcher};
use std::ffi::OsStr;
use std::fs;
use std::io;
use std::path::Path;
use std::process::{Command, Stdio};
use std::sync::mpsc::channel;
use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
use std::thread;
use std::time::Duration;
#[macro_use]
mod ui;
mod exercise;
mod run;
mod verify;
@@ -25,8 +33,13 @@ fn main() {
SubCommand::with_name("run")
.alias("r")
.about("Runs/Tests a single exercise")
.arg(Arg::with_name("file").required(true).index(1))
.arg(Arg::with_name("test").short("t").long("test").help("Run the file as a test")),
.arg(Arg::with_name("name").required(true).index(1)),
)
.subcommand(
SubCommand::with_name("hint")
.alias("h")
.about("Returns a hint for the current exercise")
.arg(Arg::with_name("name").required(true).index(1)),
)
.get_matches();
@@ -51,36 +64,63 @@ fn main() {
std::process::exit(1);
}
if !rustc_exists() {
println!("We cannot find `rustc`.");
println!("Try running `rustc --version` to diagnose your problem.");
println!("For instructions on how to install Rust, check the README.");
std::process::exit(1);
}
let toml_str = &fs::read_to_string("info.toml").unwrap();
let exercises = toml::from_str::<ExerciseList>(toml_str).unwrap().exercises;
if let Some(ref matches) = matches.subcommand_matches("run") {
let filename = matches.value_of("file").unwrap_or_else(|| {
println!("Please supply a file name!");
std::process::exit(1);
});
let name = matches.value_of("name").unwrap();
let matching_exercise = |e: &&Exercise| {
Path::new(filename)
.canonicalize()
.map(|p| p.ends_with(&e.path))
.unwrap_or(false)
};
let matching_exercise = |e: &&Exercise| name == e.name;
let exercise = exercises.iter().find(matching_exercise).unwrap_or_else(|| {
println!("No exercise found for your file name!");
println!("No exercise found for your given name!");
std::process::exit(1)
});
run(&exercise).unwrap_or_else(|_| std::process::exit(1));
}
if let Some(ref matches) = matches.subcommand_matches("hint") {
let name = matches.value_of("name").unwrap();
let exercise = exercises
.iter()
.find(|e| name == e.name)
.unwrap_or_else(|| {
println!("No exercise found for your given name!");
std::process::exit(1)
});
println!("{}", exercise.hint);
}
if matches.subcommand_matches("verify").is_some() {
verify(&exercises).unwrap_or_else(|_| std::process::exit(1));
}
if matches.subcommand_matches("watch").is_some() {
watch(&exercises).unwrap();
if watch(&exercises).is_ok() {
println!(
"{emoji} All exercises completed! {emoji}",
emoji = Emoji("🎉", "★")
);
println!("");
println!("We hope you enjoyed learning about the various aspects of Rust!");
println!(
"If you noticed any issues, please don't hesitate to report them to our repo."
);
println!("You can also contribute your own exercises to help the greater community!");
println!("");
println!("Before reporting an issue or contributing, please read our guidelines:");
println!("https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING.md");
}
}
if matches.subcommand_name().is_none() {
@@ -89,6 +129,26 @@ fn main() {
}
}
fn spawn_watch_shell(failed_exercise_hint: &Arc<Mutex<Option<String>>>) {
let failed_exercise_hint = Arc::clone(failed_exercise_hint);
println!("Type 'hint' to get help");
thread::spawn(move || loop {
let mut input = String::new();
match io::stdin().read_line(&mut input) {
Ok(_) => {
if input.trim().eq("hint") {
if let Some(hint) = &*failed_exercise_hint.lock().unwrap() {
println!("{}", hint);
}
} else {
println!("unknown command: {}", input);
}
}
Err(error) => println!("error reading command: {}", error),
}
});
}
fn watch(exercises: &[Exercise]) -> notify::Result<()> {
/* Clears the terminal with an ANSI escape code.
Works in UNIX and newer Windows terminals. */
@@ -102,19 +162,30 @@ fn watch(exercises: &[Exercise]) -> notify::Result<()> {
watcher.watch(Path::new("./exercises"), RecursiveMode::Recursive)?;
clear_screen();
let _ignored = verify(exercises.iter());
let to_owned_hint = |t: &Exercise| t.hint.to_owned();
let failed_exercise_hint = match verify(exercises.iter()) {
Ok(_) => return Ok(()),
Err(exercise) => Arc::new(Mutex::new(Some(to_owned_hint(exercise)))),
};
spawn_watch_shell(&failed_exercise_hint);
loop {
match rx.recv() {
Ok(event) => match event {
DebouncedEvent::Create(b) | DebouncedEvent::Chmod(b) | DebouncedEvent::Write(b) => {
if b.extension() == Some(OsStr::new("rs")) && b.exists() {
let filepath = b.as_path().canonicalize().unwrap();
let exercise = exercises
let pending_exercises = exercises
.iter()
.skip_while(|e| !filepath.ends_with(&e.path));
clear_screen();
let _ignored = verify(exercise);
match verify(pending_exercises) {
Ok(_) => return Ok(()),
Err(exercise) => {
let mut failed_exercise_hint = failed_exercise_hint.lock().unwrap();
*failed_exercise_hint = Some(to_owned_hint(exercise));
}
}
}
}
_ => {}
@@ -123,3 +194,13 @@ fn watch(exercises: &[Exercise]) -> notify::Result<()> {
}
}
}
fn rustc_exists() -> bool {
Command::new("rustc")
.args(&["--version"])
.stdout(Stdio::null())
.spawn()
.and_then(|mut child| child.wait())
.map(|status| status.success())
.unwrap_or(false)
}

55
src/run.rs
View File

@@ -1,52 +1,51 @@
use crate::exercise::{Exercise, Mode};
use crate::verify::test;
use console::{style, Emoji};
use indicatif::ProgressBar;
pub fn run(exercise: &Exercise) -> Result<(), ()> {
match exercise.mode {
Mode::Test => test(exercise)?,
Mode::Compile => compile_and_run(exercise)?,
Mode::Clippy => compile_and_run(exercise)?,
}
Ok(())
}
pub fn compile_and_run(exercise: &Exercise) -> Result<(), ()> {
fn compile_and_run(exercise: &Exercise) -> Result<(), ()> {
let progress_bar = ProgressBar::new_spinner();
progress_bar.set_message(format!("Compiling {}...", exercise).as_str());
progress_bar.enable_steady_tick(100);
let compilecmd = exercise.compile();
let compilation_result = exercise.compile();
let compilation = match compilation_result {
Ok(compilation) => compilation,
Err(output) => {
progress_bar.finish_and_clear();
warn!(
"Compilation of {} failed!, Compiler error message:\n",
exercise
);
println!("{}", output.stderr);
return Err(());
}
};
progress_bar.set_message(format!("Running {}...", exercise).as_str());
if compilecmd.status.success() {
let runcmd = exercise.run();
progress_bar.finish_and_clear();
let result = compilation.run();
progress_bar.finish_and_clear();
if runcmd.status.success() {
println!("{}", String::from_utf8_lossy(&runcmd.stdout));
let formatstr = format!("{} Successfully ran {}", Emoji("✅", "✓"), exercise);
println!("{}", style(formatstr).green());
exercise.clean();
match result {
Ok(output) => {
println!("{}", output.stdout);
success!("Successfully ran {}", exercise);
Ok(())
} else {
println!("{}", String::from_utf8_lossy(&runcmd.stdout));
println!("{}", String::from_utf8_lossy(&runcmd.stderr));
}
Err(output) => {
println!("{}", output.stdout);
println!("{}", output.stderr);
let formatstr = format!("{} Ran {} with errors", Emoji("⚠️ ", "!"), exercise);
println!("{}", style(formatstr).red());
exercise.clean();
warn!("Ran {} with errors", exercise);
Err(())
}
} else {
progress_bar.finish_and_clear();
let formatstr = format!(
"{} Compilation of {} failed! Compiler error message:\n",
Emoji("⚠️ ", "!"),
exercise
);
println!("{}", style(formatstr).red());
println!("{}", String::from_utf8_lossy(&compilecmd.stderr));
exercise.clean();
Err(())
}
}

23
src/ui.rs Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
macro_rules! warn {
($fmt:literal, $ex:expr) => {{
use console::{style, Emoji};
let formatstr = format!($fmt, $ex);
println!(
"{} {}",
style(Emoji("⚠️ ", "!")).red(),
style(formatstr).red()
);
}};
}
macro_rules! success {
($fmt:literal, $ex:expr) => {{
use console::{style, Emoji};
let formatstr = format!($fmt, $ex);
println!(
"{} {}",
style(Emoji("✅", "✓")).green(),
style(formatstr).green()
);
}};
}

200
src/verify.rs
View File

@@ -1,79 +1,165 @@
use crate::exercise::{Exercise, Mode};
use console::{style, Emoji};
use crate::exercise::{CompiledExercise, Exercise, Mode, State};
use console::style;
use indicatif::ProgressBar;
pub fn verify<'a>(start_at: impl IntoIterator<Item = &'a Exercise>) -> Result<(), ()> {
pub fn verify<'a>(start_at: impl IntoIterator<Item = &'a Exercise>) -> Result<(), &'a Exercise> {
for exercise in start_at {
match exercise.mode {
Mode::Test => test(&exercise)?,
Mode::Compile => compile_only(&exercise)?,
let compile_result = match exercise.mode {
Mode::Test => compile_and_test(&exercise, RunMode::Interactive),
Mode::Compile => compile_and_run_interactively(&exercise),
Mode::Clippy => compile_only(&exercise),
};
if !compile_result.unwrap_or(false) {
return Err(exercise);
}
}
Ok(())
}
fn compile_only(exercise: &Exercise) -> Result<(), ()> {
let progress_bar = ProgressBar::new_spinner();
progress_bar.set_message(format!("Compiling {}...", exercise).as_str());
progress_bar.enable_steady_tick(100);
let compile_output = exercise.compile();
progress_bar.finish_and_clear();
if compile_output.status.success() {
let formatstr = format!("{} Successfully compiled {}!", Emoji("✅", "✓"), exercise);
println!("{}", style(formatstr).green());
exercise.clean();
Ok(())
} else {
let formatstr = format!(
"{} Compilation of {} failed! Compiler error message:\n",
Emoji("⚠️ ", "!"),
exercise
);
println!("{}", style(formatstr).red());
println!("{}", String::from_utf8_lossy(&compile_output.stderr));
exercise.clean();
Err(())
}
enum RunMode {
Interactive,
NonInteractive,
}
pub fn test(exercise: &Exercise) -> Result<(), ()> {
compile_and_test(exercise, RunMode::NonInteractive)?;
Ok(())
}
fn compile_only(exercise: &Exercise) -> Result<bool, ()> {
let progress_bar = ProgressBar::new_spinner();
progress_bar.set_message(format!("Compiling {}...", exercise).as_str());
progress_bar.enable_steady_tick(100);
let _ = compile(&exercise, &progress_bar)?;
progress_bar.finish_and_clear();
success!("Successfully compiled {}!", exercise);
Ok(prompt_for_completion(&exercise, None))
}
fn compile_and_run_interactively(exercise: &Exercise) -> Result<bool, ()> {
let progress_bar = ProgressBar::new_spinner();
progress_bar.set_message(format!("Compiling {}...", exercise).as_str());
progress_bar.enable_steady_tick(100);
let compilation = compile(&exercise, &progress_bar)?;
progress_bar.set_message(format!("Running {}...", exercise).as_str());
let result = compilation.run();
progress_bar.finish_and_clear();
let output = match result {
Ok(output) => output,
Err(output) => {
warn!("Ran {} with errors", exercise);
println!("{}", output.stdout);
return Err(());
}
};
success!("Successfully ran {}!", exercise);
Ok(prompt_for_completion(&exercise, Some(output.stdout)))
}
fn compile_and_test(exercise: &Exercise, run_mode: RunMode) -> Result<bool, ()> {
let progress_bar = ProgressBar::new_spinner();
progress_bar.set_message(format!("Testing {}...", exercise).as_str());
progress_bar.enable_steady_tick(100);
let compile_output = exercise.compile();
if compile_output.status.success() {
progress_bar.set_message(format!("Running {}...", exercise).as_str());
let compilation = compile(exercise, &progress_bar)?;
let result = compilation.run();
progress_bar.finish_and_clear();
let runcmd = exercise.run();
progress_bar.finish_and_clear();
if runcmd.status.success() {
let formatstr = format!("{} Successfully tested {}!", Emoji("✅", "✓"), exercise);
println!("{}", style(formatstr).green());
exercise.clean();
Ok(())
} else {
let formatstr = format!(
"{} Testing of {} failed! Please try again. Here's the output:",
Emoji("⚠️ ", "!"),
match result {
Ok(_) => {
success!("Successfully tested {}", &exercise);
if let RunMode::Interactive = run_mode {
Ok(prompt_for_completion(&exercise, None))
} else {
Ok(true)
}
}
Err(output) => {
warn!(
"Testing of {} failed! Please try again. Here's the output:",
exercise
);
println!("{}", style(formatstr).red());
println!("{}", String::from_utf8_lossy(&runcmd.stdout));
exercise.clean();
println!("{}", output.stdout);
Err(())
}
} else {
progress_bar.finish_and_clear();
let formatstr = format!(
"{} Compiling of {} failed! Please try again. Here's the output:",
Emoji("⚠️ ", "!"),
exercise
);
println!("{}", style(formatstr).red());
println!("{}", String::from_utf8_lossy(&compile_output.stderr));
exercise.clean();
Err(())
}
}
fn compile<'a, 'b>(
exercise: &'a Exercise,
progress_bar: &'b ProgressBar,
) -> Result<CompiledExercise<'a>, ()> {
let compilation_result = exercise.compile();
match compilation_result {
Ok(compilation) => Ok(compilation),
Err(output) => {
progress_bar.finish_and_clear();
warn!(
"Compiling of {} failed! Please try again. Here's the output:",
exercise
);
println!("{}", output.stderr);
Err(())
}
}
}
fn prompt_for_completion(exercise: &Exercise, prompt_output: Option<String>) -> bool {
let context = match exercise.state() {
State::Done => return true,
State::Pending(context) => context,
};
let success_msg = match exercise.mode {
Mode::Compile => "The code is compiling!",
Mode::Test => "The code is compiling, and the tests pass!",
Mode::Clippy => "The code is compiling, and 📎 Clippy 📎 is happy!",
};
println!("");
println!("🎉 🎉 {} 🎉 🎉", success_msg);
println!("");
if let Some(output) = prompt_output {
println!("Output:");
println!("{}", separator());
println!("{}", output);
println!("{}", separator());
println!("");
}
println!("You can keep working on this exercise,");
println!(
"or jump into the next one by removing the {} comment:",
style("`I AM NOT DONE`").bold()
);
println!("");
for context_line in context {
let formatted_line = if context_line.important {
format!("{}", style(context_line.line).bold())
} else {
format!("{}", context_line.line)
};
println!(
"{:>2} {} {}",
style(context_line.number).blue().bold(),
style("|").blue(),
formatted_line
);
}
false
}
fn separator() -> console::StyledObject<&'static str> {
style("====================").bold()
}

6
tests/fixture/failure/info.toml
View File

@@ -1,7 +1,11 @@
[[exercises]]
name = "compFailure"
path = "compFailure.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = ""
[[exercises]]
name = "testFailure"
path = "testFailure.rs"
mode = "test"
mode = "test"
hint = "Hello!"

5
tests/fixture/state/finished_exercise.rs Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
// fake_exercise
fn main() {
}

11
tests/fixture/state/info.toml Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
[[exercises]]
name = "pending_exercise"
path = "pending_exercise.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = """"""
[[exercises]]
name = "pending_test_exercise"
path = "pending_test_exercise.rs"
mode = "test"
hint = """"""

7
tests/fixture/state/pending_exercise.rs Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
// fake_exercise
// I AM NOT DONE
fn main() {
}

4
tests/fixture/state/pending_test_exercise.rs Normal file
View File

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
// I AM NOT DONE
#[test]
fn it_works() {}

6
tests/fixture/success/info.toml
View File

@@ -1,7 +1,11 @@
[[exercises]]
name = "compSuccess"
path = "compSuccess.rs"
mode = "compile"
hint = """"""
[[exercises]]
name = "testSuccess"
path = "testSuccess.rs"
mode = "test"
mode = "test"
hint = """"""

64
tests/integration_tests.rs
View File

@@ -1,4 +1,8 @@
use assert_cmd::prelude::*;
use glob::glob;
use predicates::boolean::PredicateBooleanExt;
use std::fs::File;
use std::io::Read;
use std::process::Command;
#[test]
@@ -27,7 +31,7 @@ fn verify_all_success() {
}
#[test]
fn verify_all_failure() {
fn verify_fails_if_some_fails() {
Command::cargo_bin("rustlings")
.unwrap()
.arg("v")
@@ -40,7 +44,7 @@ fn verify_all_failure() {
fn run_single_compile_success() {
Command::cargo_bin("rustlings")
.unwrap()
.args(&["r", "compSuccess.rs"])
.args(&["r", "compSuccess"])
.current_dir("tests/fixture/success/")
.assert()
.success();
@@ -50,7 +54,7 @@ fn run_single_compile_success() {
fn run_single_compile_failure() {
Command::cargo_bin("rustlings")
.unwrap()
.args(&["r", "compFailure.rs"])
.args(&["r", "compFailure"])
.current_dir("tests/fixture/failure/")
.assert()
.code(1);
@@ -60,7 +64,7 @@ fn run_single_compile_failure() {
fn run_single_test_success() {
Command::cargo_bin("rustlings")
.unwrap()
.args(&["r", "testSuccess.rs"])
.args(&["r", "testSuccess"])
.current_dir("tests/fixture/success/")
.assert()
.success();
@@ -70,7 +74,7 @@ fn run_single_test_success() {
fn run_single_test_failure() {
Command::cargo_bin("rustlings")
.unwrap()
.args(&["r", "testFailure.rs"])
.args(&["r", "testFailure"])
.current_dir("tests/fixture/failure/")
.assert()
.code(1);
@@ -105,3 +109,53 @@ fn run_single_test_no_exercise() {
.assert()
.code(1);
}
#[test]
fn get_hint_for_single_test() {
Command::cargo_bin("rustlings")
.unwrap()
.args(&["h", "testFailure"])
.current_dir("tests/fixture/failure")
.assert()
.code(0)
.stdout("Hello!\n");
}
#[test]
fn all_exercises_require_confirmation() {
for exercise in glob("exercises/**/*.rs").unwrap() {
let path = exercise.unwrap();
let source = {
let mut file = File::open(&path).unwrap();
let mut s = String::new();
file.read_to_string(&mut s).unwrap();
s
};
source.matches("// I AM NOT DONE").next().expect(&format!(
"There should be an `I AM NOT DONE` annotation in {:?}",
path
));
}
}
#[test]
fn run_compile_exercise_does_not_prompt() {
Command::cargo_bin("rustlings")
.unwrap()
.args(&["r", "pending_exercise"])
.current_dir("tests/fixture/state")
.assert()
.code(0)
.stdout(predicates::str::contains("I AM NOT DONE").not());
}
#[test]
fn run_test_exercise_does_not_prompt() {
Command::cargo_bin("rustlings")
.unwrap()
.args(&["r", "pending_test_exercise"])
.current_dir("tests/fixture/state")
.assert()
.code(0)
.stdout(predicates::str::contains("I AM NOT DONE").not());
}